AEiaei I.A., Oaoeoeeei O.I. 1961 – Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea
.AICAOAEAeAIEA OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA”
Aeaiiay ?aaioa iinayuaia aaaeiie a oai?aoe/aneii
e i?aeoe/aneii ioiioaieyo oaia. A iae iiae?iaii in-
aauathony nouiinoue e cia/aiea aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea a ,
niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, aiaeece?othony iiai- “‘
aeu, iniiaaiea e ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-
ea, a oaeaea ?anniao?eaathony i?aaiu, oiieiiii/ai-
iua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, eiiiaoaioeey e
iaaeci? ca eo aeayoaeueiinoueth. Iaeiia?aiaiii iieacu- ~
aathony ?acee/iua oi?iu o/anoey oe?ieie niaaoneie
iauanoaaiiinoe a ?aaioa yoeo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?-
aaiia.
I?e ‘iaienaiee ?aaiou eniieueciaaiu iiaaeoaa
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai e iaoa?eaeu i?aeoeee i?aaiia i?i-
eo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey.
Eieaa ?ann/eoaia ia i?aeoe/aneeo ?aaioieeia^
i?aaiia noaea e i?ieo?aoo?u, iao/iuo ?aaioieeia,
i?aiiaeaaaoaeae e nooaeaioia th?eaee/aneeo o/aaiuo ca- .
aaaeaiee.
AAAAeAIEA
Niaaoneia nioeeaeenoe/aneia ainoaea?noai anooieei
a ‘iiaue ‘aaaeiaeoee ‘ia?eiae naiaai ‘?acaeoey. Oaia?ue
ia?aae ‘iei iaiin?aaenoaaiii noiyo aaee/anoaaiiua caaea-
/e ?acaa?iooiai no?ieoaeuenoaa eiiioienoe/aneiai ia-
uanoaa, [i?aaeiieaaathuea ia?yaeo n eieinnaeueiuie ia-
?ii?eyoeyie ‘a ‘iaeanoe yeiiiieee, eaeaieiaee e iaaeaeo-
ia?iaeiuo ioiioaiee aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea niaaoneie
nioeeaeenoe/aneie aeaiie?aoee ‘e.iiauoaiea niciaoaeue-
iinoe anao o?oaeyueony.
A yoeo oneiaeyo ‘i?ienoiaeeo iieiay eee /anoe/iay
ia?aaea/a ‘iaeioi?uo ooieoeee, eioi?ua a ‘i?ioeii ino-
uanoaeyeenue oinoaea?noaaiiueaie i?aaiaie, a aaaeaiea
oe?ieie niaaoneie iauanoaaiiinoe, niaa?oainoaiaaiea
oi?i ‘e iaoiaeia ‘?aaiou a’nao ‘caaiueaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aiia?aoa, oneeaiea eo iiiaia?aiiie i?aaiecaoeeiiiie
e ainieoaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, ‘?anoe?aiea eo naycae n
iauanoaaiiuie i?aaiecaoeeyie e oe?i/aeoei’e ian-
naie o?oaeyueony.
Oaeie aea inpouecc eaeao ‘a noa?a ‘ai?ueau n i?aaiia-
?ooaieyie, a iaania/aiee o?aaiaaiee nioeeaeenoe/a-
neie caeiiiinoe, iai?aaeaiiuo ia oi/iia e iaoeeiiiia
i?aoai?aiea ‘a aeeciue niaaoneeo caeiiia, ia caueoo eii-
noeoooeeiiiuo i?aa, aeaiie?aoe/aneeo caaiaaaiee e th?e-
aee/anee io?aiyaiuo eioa?ania a?aaeaeai.
‘
(i?iaeo),
Iacuaeaiia 11 oiit’TCKnft nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeii-
iinoe ‘iEoa.ioei/ ivn ‘i?aaeaea anaai aunieie i?aaieci-
iitiliiitirn.io e i) / .’n.iiocTi.io o?oaeyueony iann. Eaaeaeue
iiifi’r aeiiye/aiy ue eiiioiecio i?eaiaeeo e iiauoaieth
?iee o (e’e, iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeeth/athony a ai?ueao n
ieie, aa?oo eo iiae naie eiio?ieue. Ananoi?iiiaa one-
eaiea aeayoaeueiinoe oiaa?euaneeo noaeia, aeia?iaieueiuo
ia?iaeiuo ae?oaeei, iauanoaaiiuo einiaeoi?ia, oiieii-
ii/aiiuo aeiiioi?aaeaiee e eiuo naiiaeayoaeueiuo i?-
aaiecaoeee o?oaeyueony – aiieia caeiiiia?iia a iaoeo
oneiaeyo yaeaiea, eai aac iianaaeiaaiie iiiiue ia-
uanoaaiiinoe, aac iiaeeecaoeee aa ia?iiiuo aiciiae-
iinoae iaeuecy nicaeaoue aie?oa i?aaiia?ooeoaeae aoiin- .
oa?o anaiauaai inoaeaeaiey,” iaeuecy aeiaeoueny i?i/iiai
oniaoa a enei?aiaiee ia?ooaiee caeiia e i?aaiii-
?yaeea.
A oi aea a?aiy e ceinoiui i?aaiia?ooeoaeyi ii-.
‘ i?aaeiaio aeieaeiu i?eiaiyoueny ia?u ainoaea?noaaiiiai
i?eioaeaeaiey. Yoi oai aieaa iaiaoiaeeii a ‘neo/ayo ni-
aa?oaiey oaieiaiuo” i?aaiia?ooaiee, i?aaenoaaeythueo
aieueooth iauanoaaiioth iianiinoue.
Aeey ‘oneeaiey ai?ueau n i?anooiiinoueth iaiaoiaeeii /
auno?ia e iieiia ?ane?uoea iauanoaaiii iianiuo aea-.o
yiee. Yoi i/aiue aaaeii n oi/ee c?aiey eae iauaai, oae
e /anoiiai i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey, iineieueeo aeey iaonoie/e-
auo yeaiaioia ia?niaeoeaa iaieioaiiai ‘ioaee/iiai ?a-
ciaea/aiey a niaeayiiii eiaao ia iaiueoaa i?aaeoi?a-
aeeoaeueiia cia/aiea, /ai oyaeanoue aiciiaeiiai iaea-
caiey.
Iiyoiio aaaeiaeoae caaea/ae i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo-.
?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey ya-
eythony iaania/aiea ?ane?uoey eaaeaeiai na?ueaciiai i?a-
nooieaiey, eciaee/aiea. e i?eaea/aiea e ioaaonoaai-
iinoe eaaeaeiai aeiiaiiai, iaiyooy oeacaiea A. E. Ea-
ieoy i oii, /oi i?aaeoi?aaeeoaeueiia cia/aiea iaeacaiey
iaoneiaeeaaaony i?aaeaea anaai aai iaioa?aoeiinoui-
I?e yoii aeieaeiu no?iaeaeoei ia?acii niaethaeaoueny
‘i?aaa e caeiiiua eioa?anu a?aaeaeai: niaa?oaiii iaaei-
ionoeii iaiainiiaaiiia iaaeiaiea /anoiiai’/aeiaaea,
iacaeiiiia ia?aie/aiea aai a i?aaao.
A yoie nayce i?eioeeieaeueii aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaao
aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?ecaaiiia iaania/eoue ,
iaoeinoue ‘ai?ueau n i?anooieaieyie, neoaeeoue eioa?anai
ananoi?iiiaai oe?aieaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie .caeiiii-
noe, oneeaiey aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe. ”
Iaaeaeo oai i?aeoeea ‘iieacuaaao, /oi ia yoii o/a-
noea ?aaiou i?aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e
aeiciaiey ia?aaeei aeiioneathony ioeaee. Oioy oaeaeueiue
aan oaeeo iaaeinoaoeia ‘ii ‘ioiioaieth e iniiaiie ianna
i?aaeeueii i?eiyouo, caeiiii e iainiiaaiii ?ac?aoai-
iuo cayaeaiee e ‘niiauaiee i i?anooieaieyo iaaaeee,
ii i?e oao o?aaiaaieyo, eioi?ua nae/an ‘i?aaeuyaeytho-
ny Eiiioienoe/aneie ia?oeae e Niaaoneei i?aaeoaeue-
noaii e aeayoaeueiinoe ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia, iaeuecy
ie?eoueny aeaaea ‘n aaeeie/iuie ioeaeaie.
Aii?inu aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘a niaaoneii
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna iaaeinoaoi/ii ?ac?aaioaiu th?eaee-
/aneie iaoeie. A eiathuaeny eeoa?aoo?a inaauathony
‘i?aeiouanoaaiii eo ioaeaeueiua noi?iiu, i?e/ai ia
anaaaea a aeinoaoi/iie ia?a /aoei e a?aoiaioe?iaaiea.
?ac?aaioea yoeo aii?inia ‘i?eia?aea iniaoth aeoo-
aeueiinoue a nayce n ooaa?aeaeaieai 25 aeaeaa?y 1958 a.
Iniia oaieiaiiai .noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nithca NN? e ‘ni-
thciuo ?anioaeee e ‘i?eiyoeai a niioaaonoaee n ieie
iiauo oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee. Yoeie caeiiiaeaoaeueiuie aeoaie onoa’iaaee-.
aaaony oeaeue ?yae .i?eioeeieaeueii iiauo i?ioeannoaeueiuo
i?aaee, eiathueo ‘i?yiia ioiioaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea. – .
Eiaiii yoeie niia?aaeaieyie i?iaeeeoiaay auai?
oaiu ianoiyuae ?aaiou. . .. . .- . ,.
Eieaa ia ‘i?aoaiaeoao ‘ia en/a?iuaathuaa inaauaiea. ‘
anao aac eneeth/aiey aii?inia, naycaiiuo n. aicaoaeaea-
ieai aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. A iae. ?an-.
niao?eaathony, aeaaiui ia?acii, oa i?iaeaiu, eioi?ua,
i?aaenoaaeytho, iaeaieueoee oai?aoe/aneee. e o?aeoe-;
/aneee eioa?an. . ;:
NOUIINOUe E CIA*AIEA AICAOAEAeAIEss
OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
A NIAAONEII OAIEIAIII I?IOeANNA
ICAOAEAeAIEA oaieiaiiai aeaea-neiaeiia
i?ioeannoaeueiia iiiyoea. Iii eiaao ianeieueei
niuneiauo cia/aiee, iieacuaathueo aai noua-
noai n ?acee/iuo noi?ii. Iiae yoei iiiyoeai
^7’ iiaeii iiae?acoiaaaoue;
R:—
A
ai-ia?auo, oaieiiii-i?ioeannoaeueiue einoeooo, ii?-
iu eioi?iai ii?aaeaeytho oneiaey, ii?yaeie e eiua ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa aicieeiiaaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea;
ai-ao??uo, oeaeue yoai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, ninoiy-
uee ec aeaenoaee e ioiioaiee, eioi?ua eiatho ianoi
niioaaonoaaiii caeiio i?e i?eiyoee, ?anniio?aiee e
?ac?aoaiee ‘ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee;
a^a??.oueeo. ioaeaeueiue i?ioeannoaeueiue aeo (iaeii-
e?aoiia i?ioeannoaeueiia aeaenoaea), au?aaeathueeny a.
auianaiee iaaeeaaeaueie aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie ?aoa-
iey i oii, ‘/oi ii aeaiiiio eiie?aoiiio iauanoaaiii.
iianiiio aeayieth ia/eiaaony oaieiaiia aeaei. -.,,.
Nouiinoue e cia/aiea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai ‘aeaaea
iiaoo auoue ?ane?uou eeoue i?e oneiaee, anee ?an-
niio?aoue aai ni anao noi?ii, ya oioneay ec aeaeo eo “i?-
aaie/aneia aaeeinoai.
1. AICAOAEAeAIEA OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
EAE EINOEOOO NIAAONEIAI OAIEIAII-
I?IOeANNOAEUeIIAI I?AAA
A niunea i?ioeannoaeueii-i?aaiaiai einoeoooa aic-
aoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea anoue, niaieoiiinoue th?eaee-
/aneeo aei?i.. eioi?uie ?aaeaiaioe?othony iauanoaai-
iua ioiioaiey^ aicieeathuea a nayce n i?eiyoeai, ?an-
CMOTpeHHeM^^JaspemeHH^M’^iepBHHHbir’^BeneHim’d^npe –
nooieaiee.
II?IU aeaiiiai einoeoooa ii?aaeaeytho oi?io e ni-
aeaaeaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe iaaeeaaeaueo aeieaeyinoiuo eeoe
ii ?aaae?iaaieth ia ‘ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey iN iauanoaai-
ii^ iianiii aeayiee, onoaiaaeeaatho, ‘eoi, i?e eaeeo on-
eiaeyo e a eaeii ii?yaeea iiaeao ia/aoue oaieiaiia aea-
ei. Eo nioeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneia niaea?aeaiea io?aaeaao
i?aaiaua acaeyaeu o?oaeyueony iann e ii?aaeaeyaony a
eiia/iii n/aoa oneiaeyie iaoa?eaeueiie aeecie nioeea-
eenoe/aneiai iauanoaa. Yoe ii?iu onoaiiaeaiu Niaao-
neei ainoaea?noaii e niioaaonoaotho aeaiie?aoe/aneei
i?eioeeiai aai aeayoaeueiinoe. Iie au?aaeatho iiee-
oeeo Eiiioienoe/aneie ia?oee e aieth niaaoneiai ia-
?iaea, neoaeao aeaeo eiiioienoe/aneiai no?ieoaeuenoaa a
no?aia.
Einoeooo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. ninoaaeyao
iaiouaieaioth /anoue niaaoneiai .oaieiaii^i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai e?aaa n iiiaioa aai noaiiaeaiey. Ii ii ia ya-
eyaony iaeciaiiui onoaiiaeaieai. Yoio einoeooo, eae
e ae?oaea i?aaiaua o/?aaeaeaiey, ii ia?a ?anoe?aiey e
oaeoaeaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneeo i?aia?aciaaiee a no?aia
iaoeeiiii ?acaeaaeny e aeaiie?aoece?iaaeny, aai oi?iu
iinoiyiii niaa?oainoaiaaeenue, i?iaa?yeenue a ino?ie
ai?ueaa n iauanoaaiii iianiuie yeaiaioaie.
Aicieeiiaaiea niaaoneiai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii-
ai i?aaa naycaii n aeae?aoii NIE, ?NON? i noaea, iioa-
eeeiaaiiui 24 iiya?y 1917 a.’. Yoio aeae?ao niae aei
iniiaaiey anth noa?oth noaeaaioth nenoaio, nicaeae iiaua,
niaaoneea i?aaiu thnoeoeee e iaiaoee aaaeiaeoea ia/a-
ea ioi?aaeaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aainoaeey. A aai
noaoueyo niaea?aeaeenue ii?iu, i/a?oeaoea ia?aua eiioo-
?u einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
NO ?NON? 1917 a, ? 4, no. 50.
Noaouee 3 e 8 aeae?aoa ?aoaee aii?in i oii, eaeea
i?aaiu iiaoo ia/aoue e aanoe oaieiaiia noaeii?iecaiae-
noai. Aeaea, ‘iiaenoaeiua ?aaiethoeeiiiui o?eaoiaeai,
aicaoaeaeaeenue e ?anneaaeiaaeenue iniauie neaaenoaai-
iuie eiienneyie, o/?aaeaeaiiuie i?e ianoiuo Niaaoao,
inoaeueiua aeaea – aaeeiiee/ii ianoiuie noaeueyie. A oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea ianoiua noaeuee i?iecaiaeeee caaea?aeaiea
iiaeic?aaaaiiai, eo iinoaiiaeaiey ooaa?aeaeaeenue iano-
iui noaeii. Yoei oneeeaaeenue aa?aioee iainiiaaiiinoe
e caeiiiinoe caaea?aeaiey.
A no. 5 aeae?aoa oeacuaaeinue, /oi niaaoneea noaeu a
naieo ‘i?eaiai?ao ?oeiaiaenoaothony caeiiaie naa?aio-
ouo i?aaeoaeuenoa eeoue iinoieueeo, .iineieueeo oaeiaua
ia ioiaiaiu ?aaiethoeeae e ia i?ioeai?a/ao ?aaiethoee-
iiiiio ‘i?aainiciaieth. Yoa ii?ia, ‘ii aoeaaeueiiio
niuneo ioiinyuayny e iaoa?eaeueiiio i?aao, ?ani?i-
no?aiyeanue e ia i?ioeannoaeueiua i?aaeienaiey noa?uo
noaeaaiuo onoaaia. I?eiaieoaeueii e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea iia eiaea oio niune, /oi ioaa?aea ana oa
noa?ua iaoiaeu e oi?iu ia/aea noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ei-
oi?ua i?ioeai?a/eee eioa?anai aeeeoaoo?u i?ieaoa’
?eaoa.
Yoe ia?ae/iua., iieiaeaiey, onoaiiaeaiiua aeae?a-
oii, auee aeiiieiaiu iinoaiiaeaieai IETH ?NON? io
16 aeaea&?y 1917 a. i i?iecaiaenoaa a?anoia, iauneia, au-
aiie e eiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee oieueei ‘ii i?aea?ai
neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo o/?aaeaeaiee’. A aeaiiii i?aae-
ienaiee, oioy e iaaeinoaoi/ii /aoei, oi?ioee?iaaeanue
iniiaa i?eioeeieaeueiiai i?aaeea, /oi anyeia neaaeno-
aaiiia aeaenoaea iiaeao niaa?oaoueny eeoue a nayce ni
neaaenoaaiiui i?iecaiaenoaii, o. a. oieueei ‘ii aicaoae-.
aeaiiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo.
Neaaeothuei oaaii a ?acaeoee einoeoooa aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea auei iinoaiiaeaiea IETH ?NON?
io 18 aeaeaa?y 1917 a. i ?aaiethoeeiiiii o?eaoiaea ia/a-
oe2. A iai aia?aua ii?aaeaeyeenue iiaiaeu e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Eie i?eciaaaeenue niiauaiey no-
aeaaiuo e aaeieieno?aoeaiuo iano, iauanoaaiiuo i?aa-
iecaoeee e a?aaeaeai (no. 4). Eino?oeoeeae IETH ?NON?
‘ NO ?NON? 1-917 a. ? 9, no, 145.
2 NO ?NON? 1917 a, ? 10, -no. 156.
io 19 aeaeaa?y 1917 a. i ?aaiethoeeiiiii o?eaoiaea yoio
ia?a/aiue aue .aeiiieiai oaeei iiaiaeii, eae niiauaiey
aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe1. Aeaiiay eino?oeoeey, ‘e?iia oiai, ni-
aea?aeaea ii?iu ia i?aaiao e ii?yaeea aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. Aeaea, iiaenoaeiua ?aaiethoeeiiiui o?eao-
iaeai, noaee aicaoaeaeaoueny neaaenoaaiiie eiienneae ec
oanoe eeoe, o/?aaeaeaiiie i?e naieo aea o?eaoiaeao. Ia
yoe eiiennee aiceaaaeanue iaycaiiinoue ?ac?aoaoue ia?-
ae/iua naaaeaiey i i?anooieaiee a oa/aiea 48 /ania, ii-
noaiiaeyy ?aoaiea a caaeneiinoe io iaee/ey ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey. Eo ‘iinoaiiaeaiey iiaee auoue iaaeaeiaa-
iu a ?aaiethoeeiiiue o?eaoiae (no. 8).
Eae aeaeii, einoeooo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
e ia/aeo 1918 aiaea a iniiaiii neiaeeeny. Iaeiaei iii-
aea ec aai ii?i eanaeenue eeoue aeae, iiaenoaeiuo ?aaieth-
oeeiiiui o?eaoiaeai. A ?aaoee?iaaiee aea ii?yaeea
aicaoaeaeaiey inoaeueiuo oaieiaiuo aeae eiaeenue iaaei-
noaoee. Yoio i?iaae aue /anoe/ii .ainiieiai aeae?aoaie
i noaea ? 2 e ? C2. Ia?aui 1ec ieo aeey aicaoaeaeaiey e
?anneaaeiaaiey aeae, iiaenoaeiuo ie?oaeiui noaeai, o/-
?aaeaeaeenue neaaenoaaiiua eiiennee ec o?ao eeoe e ii-
?aaeaeyeny ‘ii?yaeie iaaeaeiaaiey eo .iinoaiiaeaiee
(no. 21). Aeae?ao i noaea ? 3 i?aaeinoaaee yoei neaaenoaai-
iui eiienneyi i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue e ?anneaaeiaaoue ia-
eaieaa neiaeiua aeaea, iiaenoaeiua ianoiui ia?iaeiui
noaeai. A yoii aeae?aoa oaeaea oeacuaaeinue, /oi i?e aic-
aoaeaeaiee ianoiue ia-
?iaeiue noae e neaaenoaaiiay eiienney auiinyo iinoaiia-
eaiea (no. 6).
A ?acaeoea yoeo aeae?aoia IETH ?NON? 23 ethey
1918 a. o?eiye iinoaiiaeaiea ia i?aaiecaoeee e aeaenoaee
ianoiuo ia?iaeiuo noaeia3. A iai aue niaoeeaeueiue ?ac-
aeae, aaea aiai?eeinue ia i?aaiao, iiaiaeao e ii?yaeea
iaiaa neiaeiui aeaeai, iiaenoaeiui ianoiui noaeai,-
ianoiue ia?iaeiue noaeuey aaeeiiee/ii; ii aieaa neiaeiui-
aeaeai oie aea iiaenoaeiinoe – ianoiue ia?iaeiue noae eee;
neaaenoaaiiay eiienney. Aicaoaeaeaiea -oaieiaiiai aeaea
aeieaeii auei ioi?ieyoueny iinoaiiaeaieai. Iiaiaeaie:
‘ NO ?NON? 1917 a. ? 12, no. 170.
2 NO ?NON? 1918 a ? 26, no. 420 e ? 52, no. 589,
3 NO ?NON? 1918 a. ? 53, no. 597,
10
e iaio iiaee auoue , , a oaeaea
noaea eae iiaiae a niaaoneii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa oeao?e*
?iaaei aia?aua e auei ia?aie/aii neo/ayie, eiaaea no-
aeo a eeoea oioy au iaeiiai ec /eaiia i?eoeinue iaaeth- .
aeaoue ia?ooaiea caeiia.
Aaaeiua ii?iu, ioiinyueany e einoeoooo aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, niaea?aeaeenue a eino?oeoeee
ooaa?aeaeaiiie .iinoaiiaeaieai IETH e IEAAe ?NON?
io 13 ieoya?y 1918 o.1. Yoie eino?oeoeeae ia ieeeoeeth
ia?yaeo n ae?oaeie caaea/aie aiceaaaeinue
i?eciaaaeanue i?aaiii aeiciaiey. Aa nio?oaeieee oiie-
iiii/eaaeenue caaea?aeeaaoue iiaeic?aaaaiuo, i?iecaiaeeoue
iniio?, iaune e auaieo. Yoe aeaenoaey, eae i?aaeei, ni-
aa?oaeenue eie ai eniieiaiea oeacaiee ia?iaeiuo no-
aeae eee /eaiia neaaenoaaiiuo eiiennee. A iaeioi?uo
neo/ayo iie iiaee ‘i?iecaiaeeoueny ii eieoeeaoeaa naii-
ai ?aaioieea ieeeoeee, ii oiaaea aeieaeiinoiia eeoei i?-
aaiia ieeeoeee, niaa?oeaoaa iaeii ec oeacaiiuo neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee ii nianoaaiiiio ii/eio, auei iay-
caii iaiaaeeaiii iinoaaeoue ia yoii a ecaanoiinoue aee-
aeaeoee ia?iaeiue noae eee neaaenoaaiioth eiienneth
(no. no. 25-28). Oaeei ia?acii, i?aaiu ieeeoeee ia-
aeaeyeenue i?ioeannoaeueiuie iieiiii/eyie ii i?eiy-
oeth cayaeaiee e niiauaiee i niaa?oaiiuo i?anooi-
eaieyo, ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiuo aeae. e eo ?annea-
aeiaaieth.
Ii?iu ?anniao?eaaaiiai einoeoooa ?acaeou aeaeue-
oa a Iieiaeaiee i ia?iaeiii noaea ?NON? io 30 iiya?y
1918 a., eaoaai?e/anee cai?aoeaoai i?eiaiaiea eaeiai
au oi ,ie auei aei?aaiethoeeiiiiai caeiia2. Aeaiiui aeoii
i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue aeaea ii iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?a-
ieth i?aaeinoaaeyeinue ia oieueei noaeo, ii e neaaenoaai-
iui’ eiienneyi, i?e/ai iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea
‘ NO ?NON? 1918 a. ? 75, no. 813.
2 NO ?NON? 1918 a. ? 85, nO. 889.
11
o/oaii i?e ecaeaiee Iieiaeaiey i ?aaiethoeeiiiuo o?eao-
iaeao io 18 ia?oa 1920 a., a no. no. 1 e 8 eioi?iai iiae-
?iaii iienuaaeenue oneiaey e oeacuaaeenue i?aaiu, ‘eii-
iaoaioiua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea.
?anniao?eaaaiue yoai ?acaeoey einoeoooa aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ioiineony e ia?eiaeai i?iaaaea-
iey Aaeeeie Ieoya?ueneie nioeeaeenoe/aneie ?aaieth-
oeee, eiino?aiiie aiaiiie eioa?aaioeee ‘e a?aaeaeaineie
aieiu a no?aia. Oiaaea oea nia?oaeueiay noaaoea n aioo-‘
?aiieie e aiaoieie a?aaaie. A yoie ianoaiiaea i?aai
aicaoaeaeaiey e ?anneaaeiaaiey oaieiaiuo aeae auei i?a-
aeinoaaeaii oaeaea /?acau/aeiui i?aaiai, nicaeaiiui
aeey ai?ueau n eiio??aaiethoeeae. Oaeeie i?aaiaie ya-
eyeenue A*E e aa iniaua ioaeaeu, eioi?ua, eae aiai?ee
A. E. Eaiei, auee iaoei ?acyuei i?oaeeai i?ioea .
aan/eneaiiuo caaiai?ia a?aaia e nua?aee iaioeaieioth
?ieue a inouanoaeaiee i?ieaoa?neie aeeeoaoo?u1.
A yoeo e?aeia iai?yaeaiiuo oneiaeyo ‘eeanniaie
ai?ueau iieiaeia Niaaoneia ainoaea?noai oiieiiii/eaaei
ia aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiuo aeae e iaeioi?ua eniieie-
oaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiua i?aaiu. Oae, aeae?aoii NIE.
?NON? io 5 iay 1918 a. i?aai aicaoaeaeaiey e ?annea-
aeiaaiey aeae i?aaeinoaaeyeinue i?aaenoaaeoaeyi einiae-
oeee o?oaea, aeayoaeueiinoue eioi?ie ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeanue
Ia.eacii einiaeoeee o?oaea io 31 ethey 1918 a. A neeo
aeae?aoa AOeEE io 9 iay 1918 a. Ia?iaeiue eiienna?eao
i?iaeiaieuenoaey iieo/ee i?aai a?anoiauaaoue, iono?a-
iyoue io ?aaiou e i?aaeaaaoue noaeo eeoe, ieacuaathueo aea-
ci?aaiecothuaa aiaoaoaeuenoai a aoi ?anii?yaeaiey.
Aeae?aoii io 18 ia?oa 1920 a. i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oai-
eiaiua aeaea auei i?aaeinoaaeaii Ia?iaeiiio eiienna-
?o thnoeoeee e aoaa?ineei eniieieoaeueiui eiieoaoai.
niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai i ianoiuo i?aaiao thnoe-
oeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiui IETH ?NON? 27 aaaonoa 1920 a.,
yoei ae’a ‘i?aaii iieueciaaeenue aoaa?ineea ioaeaeu e
oacaeiua ath?i thnoeoeee2.
Yoio ia?eiae i?eia/aoaeai aua oai, /oi ?acaeoea
einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eae e niaao-
neiai i?aaa a oeaeii, oei i?e aeoeaiii e iaiin?aaeno-
‘ Ni. A. E. Eaiei, Ni/., o 28, no?. 151; o. 33, no?. 149.
2 NO ?NON? 1917 a. ? 35, no. 468; ? 36, no. 474; ? 56,
no. 620; 1920 a. ? 22-23, no. 115.
1920., no?. 66. ..
14
iu-iiii i?aaioai?/anoaa ?aaiethoeeiiii iano?iaiiuo
iann ia ianoao. Yoi i?aaioai?/anoai au?aaeaeinue i?a-‘
aeaea anaai a oii, /oi ianoiua i?aaiu e ?aaioieee thnoe-
oeee, aiiaeooaaeaiiua eaeayie ?aaiethoeeiiiie caeii-
iinoe, ?ac?aaaouaaee aaaeiua ii?iaoeaiua aeou e ei-
no?oeoeaiua iaoa?eaeu. ‘
Iai?eia?, Eacaineee Niaao ?aai/eo, nieaeaoneeo e
e?anoueyineeo aeaiooaoia 25 iiya?y 1917 a. i?’eiye Iaeac
?aaiethoeeiiiiio o?eaoiaeo, a eioi?ii ia?yaeo n ae?oae-
ie i?ioeannoaeueiuie aii?inaie ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeny ii-
?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. 1.
Ia iauai nia?aiee ?aaioieeia thnoeoeee a. Eaa-
iiai-Aicianainea 22 oaa?aey 1918 a. auea i?eiyoa ?a-
aiethoeey, /oi neaaenoaaiiua eiiennee oiaea ai?aaa aic-
aoaeaeaoue aeaea ii iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth, ii ii-
noaiiaeaiey ‘ii.e aeieaeiu auiineoue eieeaaeaeueii.
Niaauaiea ioaaonoaaiiuo aeayoaeae thnoeoeee TH?ue-
aaaoeeiai oacaea Eaaiiai-Aicianaineie aoaa?iee 10 iay
1918 a. auianei ?aoaiea, /oiau i?aaiu oaieiaiiai ?i-
cunea ia?aie/eaaeenue inouanoaeaieai iia?aoeaii-?i-
cuneiuo ia?ii?eyoee naiinoiyoaeueii, ia aicaoaeaeay
oaieiaiuo aeae.
?yae iinoaiiaeaiee i?eiye Aoi?ie nuacae ?aaioie-
eia thnoeoeee oie aea aoaa?iee, ninoiyaoeeny 1-5 ie-
oya?y 1918 a. Auei i?eiyoi ?aoaiea, /oi
eiiennee i?e ianoiuo Niaaoao aicaoaeaeaoue a ioaeaeueiuo
neo/ayo aeaea, iiaenoaeiua ?aaiethoeeiiiui o?eaoiaeai.
Ca ianoiuie ia?iaeiuie noaeueyie i?eciaaaeinue i?aai
aicaoaeaeaoue aaeeiiee/ii e oaeea aeaea, ii eioi?ui o?a-
aoaony i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea ni noi?iiu neaae-
noaaiiuo ‘eiiennee. Auei au?aaeaii o?aaiaaiea, /oiau a
i?ioeannoaeueiuo ?aoaieyo
A Eacaineie aoaa?iee Eiienna?eaoii thnoeoeee
7 aeaeaa?y 1918 a. ‘auea ooaa?aeaeaia Eino?oeoeey neaaeno-
aaiiui eiienneyi, aaea /aoei ?aoaeny aii?in i oii,
‘iiaoo ee /eaiu yoeo eiiennee aicaoaeaeaoue aeaea aaeeii-
ee/ii.
Yoio aii?in ianeieueei eia/a ?aoaeny a i?iaeoa
Iieiaeaiey i ?anneaaeiaaiee i?anooieaiee, i?eiyoii
25 iay 1918 a. nuacaeii eiienna?ia thnoeoeee Neae?e,
O?aea e Oo?eanoaia. .
A yoii aeieoiaioa iaeiia?aiaiii iiae/a?eeaaeinue,
/oi oaieiaiia aeaei iiaeao auoue ia/aoi eeoue i?’e ‘ia-
niiiaiiinoe niaa?oaiiiai i?anooieaiyy3.
Aiaeiae/iay ‘?aeiiaiaeaoeey eiaeanue a ?aoaiee ni-
aauaiey noaeae e neaaeiaaoaeae Naeyaeneiai, Nianneiai
e Eaeoaaneiai oacaeia Eacaineie aoaa?iee, ninoiyaoa-
ainy a ethia 1918 aiaea. A yoie ?aciethoeee oeacaii, /oi
e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiio ?anneaaeiaaieth neaaeoao ‘i?enooiaoue
oieueei a neo/ayo, eiaaea anoue aeaiiua
Ae?oaie oi?iie i?aaioai?/aneie eieoeeaoeau ia
ianoao, ieacaaoae aeeyyea ia ?acaeoea einoeoooa aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, yaeyeinue ?aoaiea ?aaioie-
eaie thnoeoeee eiie?aoiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?iaeai ia-
iin?aaenoaaiii ii ?aaiethoeeiiiiio i?aainiciaieth, i?e
ionoonoaee iaueo th?eaee/aneeo i?aaee. A oi a?aiy, ia-
i?eia?, ia aue o?aaoee?iaai aii?in i oii, eae i?eie-
iaoue onoiua cayaeaiey i i?anooieaieyo. Ii i?aeoeea
‘ Eaiaeaina?oea, 1918 a., o. 98, on. 1, a?. aae. 1, no?. 1_2;
a?. aae. 2, no?. 15, 37; a?. aae. 5, no?. 3-4; a?. aae. 223, no?. 54.
‘ OeAA OANN?, 1918 a., o. 776, on. 1, a?. aae. 5, no?. 84.
3
4 OeAA OANN?, 1918 a., o. 776,’ on. 1, a?. aae.’THI, no?. 6-8.
19
noiyea ii yoiio aii?ino ia i?aaeeueiii iooe, i /ai ii-
aeao naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaoue neaaeothuee oaeo.
A eiioea aeaeaa?y 1917 aiaea e ?aaioieeo ?aai/a-e?a-
noueyineie ieeeoeee a a. Eacaie ia?aoeeanue a?-ea Ni-
eiaueaaa n onoiui cayaeaieai i eaa?oe?iie e?aaea.
I?eai yoiai cayaeaiey aue ioi?ieai i?ioieieii, a
eioi?ii aiai?eeinue:
Oi aea naiia iiaeii neacaoue e i i?ioeannoaeueiie
oi?ia aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ioeaca a
oaeiaii. Iiiaea ianoiua neaaenoaaiii-noaeaaiua o/?aae-
aeaiey n ia?auo aea aeiae naiae aeayoaeueiinoe ia/aee
ioi?ieyoue yoe aeou iinoaiiaeaieai. A ea/anoaa i?eia,-
?a iiaeii i?eaanoe iinoaiiaeaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ninoaaeaiiia eiienna?ii thnoe-
oeee Eaaiiai-Aicianaineie aoaa?iee,
I?e i?iaa?ea ?aaiou neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo o/-
?aaeaeaiee na?ueaciia aieiaiea ia?auaeinue ia i?ioean-
noaeueioth oi?io. Aeieaeiinoiui eeoeai, eioi?ua iaaeea-
aeauei ia?acii ia ioi?ieyee naie i?ioeannoaeueiua
?aoaiey, aeaeaeinue aiooaiea. I’a yoii, a /anoiinoe, nae-
aeaoaeuenoaotho a?oeaiua aeieoiaiou i ?aaioa i?aaiia
thnoeoeee Eacaineie e Eaaiiai-Aicianaineoaa?iee1.
‘ OeAA. OANN?, o. 1682, on. I, ap.’-CAe?,
a?. aae. 2, no?. 3-17, Eaiaeaina?oea, 1918 a., o’
no. 20-36.
* Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea
Any yoa i?aaioai?/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue ?aaiethoee-
iiiuo iann a enoi?ee einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea eiaea aaaeiia cia/aiea. Iia aeaea aiaaoue,
i?iaa?aiiue i?aeoeeie iaoa?eae, eioi?ue iineoaeee
iniiaie aeey i?aaeeueiiai ii?aaeaeaiey iai?aaeaiey
aeaeueiaeoaai ?aaaeoey aeaiiiai einoeoooa.
Iieii/ea n a?aaeaeaineie aieiie, Niaaoneay no?a-
ia ia?aoea e ie?iiio no?ieoaeuenoao. XI ia?oeeiay
eiioa?aioeey, ninoiyaoayny a aeaeaa?a 1921 aiaea, oea-
caea, /oi 1.
A yoie nayce aue acyo oaa?aeue eo?n ia ananoi?ii-
iaa oe?aieaiea nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aainoaeey, ia ii-
noaiaiioth eeeaeaeaoeeth /?acau/aeiuo i?aaiia. A aeae?a-
oa io 25 aaaonoa 1921 a. AOeEE oeacae, /oi aicaoaeaeaoue
e aanoe aeaea i i?anooieaieyo i?ecaaiu i?aaiu thnoe-
oeee, a iioiio ia eo aeayoaeueiinoue iaaei ia?auaoue ini-
aia aieiaiea. A eiioea aeaeaa?y 1921 aiaea IX Ana?innee-
neee nuacae Niaaoia i?eciae iaiaoiaeeiui ?ai?aaieci-
aaoue A*E, noceoue aa iieiiii/ey. 6 oaa?aey 1922 a.
A*E e aa i?aaiu auee oi?acaeiaiu e i?e IEAAe nic. Ainiieeoecaeao, ecae. 7-a,
/. 1, no?. 593. ‘
2 NO ?NON? 1921 a. ? 63, no. 456; NO ?NON? 1922 a. ?’4,
no. 42; ? 16, no. 160,
18
aeaea,, ii e inouanoaeyoue iaaeci? ca Aeayoaeueiinoueth ii
aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea ae?oaeo eiiiaoaioiuo i?aaiia.
Caaea/a oe?aieaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe
o?aaiaaea oaeaea nenoaiaoecaoeee e niaa?oainoaiaaiey
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia iniiaa iaeiieaiiiai iiuoa ai?ue-
au n i?aaiia?ooaieyie. Ia/aeanue ?aaioa ii iiaeaioia-
ea eiaeaenia. A eiioea iay 1922 aiaea o?aouey nanney AOeEE
i?eiyea ia?aue niaaoneee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue
eiaeaen, eioi?ue eiae ia?iiiia cia/aiea a enoi?ee ia-
oaai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai ‘.i?aaa a oeaeii e einoe-
oooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea a /anoiinoe.
Aeaiiiio einoeoooo iinayuaeanue naaeueiay aeaaa ei-
aeaena. A iae ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeenue iiaiaeu, iniiaaiea e
ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, a oaeaea ia?a-
/eneyeenue i?aaiu, oiieiii&/aiua ia yoi. E /eneo ii-
aiaeia auei ioianaii i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a. Ec anao
cayaeaiee i i?anooieaieyo auei auaeaeaii aiiieiiia
cayaeaiea, eioi?ia i?eciaaaeinue iiaiaeii oieueei iinea
iaaeaniie i?iaa?ee i?aaiaie aeiciaiey. Iieiaeeoaeueii
?aoaeny aii?in i oii, aeieaeai ee noaeaaiue eee neaae-
noaaiiue i?aai i?eieiaoue cayaeaiey i i?anooieaieyo
ii aeaeai, aio ia iiaeneaaenoaaiiui eee ia ‘iiaenoaeiui
.(no.no. 96-101).
I?aaeea, ioiinyueany e aeaiiiio einoeoooo, eia-;
eenue e a iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo ?acaeaeao oaieiiii-i?i-
oeainoaeueiiai eiaeaena. Iai?eia?, a aeaaa ia iniiaiuo
iieiaeaieyo i?aaeoaiao?caeaaeenue ianoiyoaeuenoaa, i?a-
iyonoaothuea aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, e oea-
cuaaeenue iaeioi?ua ia?aie/aiey a aicaoaeaeaiee aeae
/anoiiai e /anoii-1ioae1e/!.ii1ai iaaeiaiey (no.no. 2, 4,
9-11). A aeaaa i aeiciaiee eiie?aoece?iaaeenue
iaeioi?ua i?aaiu aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea e eo
iieiiii/ey (no.no. 102-106). A aeaaa ia iaaeaeiaaiee
aeaenoaee neaaeiaaoaey ?aoaeny aii?in i oii, eoaea y
a eaeii ii?yaeea i?eiineony. aeaeiaa ia iinoaiiaea-
-iey neaaeiaaoaey e o. ae.
Ana yoe iieiaeaiey aac nouanoaaiiuo eciaiaiee
aioee a Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON?
1923 aiaea. Iaeaieaa i?eioeeieaeueiua ec ieo iaoee io-
?aaeaiea a Iniiaao oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nith-
ca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee io 31 ieoya?y 1924 a.
A yoii iauanithciii caeiia, a /anoiinoe, auee ca-
e?aieaiu aaei?iu, eioi?uie ii?aaeaeyeenue i?aaiu, in-
2*
19
iiaaiea e ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
(no.no. 4-6).
Anei?a auee i?eiyou oaieiaii^i?ioeannoaeueiua ei-
aeaenu ae?oaeo niaaoneeo nithciuo ?anioaeee. A ieo io-
aeaeueiua iieiaeaiey einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea iaoee aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea. Oaieiaii-o?ioeanno-
aeueiue eiaeaen ANN? 1923 aiaea, iai?eia?, aieaa /aoei
?aaeaiaioe?iaae iniiaaiea e i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io ae-
oa aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea (no. 96). Eiaeaen Oo?eiaineie NN?
1932 aiaea iieiaeeoaeueii ?aoee aii?in i aiciiaeiinoe
aicaoaeaeaiey aeae /anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeia-
iey ii aeaeiaa caeiiiuo i?aaenoaaeoaeae iioa?iaaoaai,
eiaaea iineaaeiee a neeo oece/aneeo e ineoe/aneeo iaaei-
noaoeia ia iiaeao aunooieoue a caueoo naieo eioa?ania
(no. 33),.
Ia aaca yoeo caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoia aue ecaeai
?yae aaaeiinoaaiiuo i?eeacia e eino?oeoeee, eioi?ua ea-
?aee cia/eoaeueioth ?ieue a .enoi?ee einoeoooa aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oae, a eiaeaenao iaaeinoaoi/ii iieii ii?aaeaeyeny
ii?yaeie ia/aea e aaaeaiey aeiciaiey aieineei eiiaiaei-
aaieai e niaoeeaeueiuie einiaeoeeyie. A yoie nayce ii-
yaeeny ?yae aaaeiinoaaiiuo aee?aeoea. 28 ethiy 1923 a.
?aaaiainiaao e IETH ?NON? ecaeaee i?eeac, eioi?ue
iiae?iaii iienuaae ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea e aaaea-
iey aeiciaiey a a?iaeneeo /anoyo. Iniaaiii iiae/a?ee-
aaeinue, /oi i?aaii
ny eiiaiaee?u oieueei ioaeaeueiuo aieineeo /anoae, a iae-
eea a?iaeneea iiae?acaeaeaiey ianeoaeeaathony aeeaeae-
oae /anoueth. 7 ethiy 1924 a. IEO ecaeae Eino?oeoeeth i
i?iecaiaenoaa aeiciaiey einiaeoi?aie o?oaea, a eioi?ie
a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a eiie?aoece?iaaeenue i?ioeannoaeue-
iua iieiiii/ey yoeo aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe. 27 aaaonoa
1926 a. IEC e IETH ?NON? ecaeaee oee?eoey? i ii?yae-
ea i?iecaiaenoea aeiciaiey naieoa?iuie a?a/aie’.
A oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e /en-
eo iiaiaeia ia auee ioianaiu niiauaiey ia/aoe. IETH
?NON? 15 ieoya?y 1924 a. ecaeae oee?eoey?, eioi?ui ia
?aaioieeia i?ieo?aoo?u aiceaaaeanue iaycaiiinoue ne-
noaiaoe/anee neaaeeoue ca ia?eiaee/aneie ia/aoueth e, anee
‘ Ni.
20
a iae iiyaeony neaiae i i?anooiiii oaeoa, ?aoaoue aii-
?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ia ianoao ‘i?eie-
iaeenue eiie?aoiua ia?u. Iai?eia?, a Niieaineie ao-
aa?iee 27 ieoya?y 1925 a. aoaa?ineee ioaeae thnoeoeee ec-
aeae oee?eoey?, eioi?ui i?aaeeaaaeinue
?aey 1925 a. IETH OANN? oee?eoey?ii ? 31 onoaiiaee
niaoeeaeueioth io/aoiinoue ii aeaeai, aicaoaeaeaiiui ii
niiauaieyi ia/aoe. A Eaaiiai-Aiyianaiieie aoaa?iee
iaycaiiinoue iia?aoeaii ?aaae?iaaoue ia niiauaiey ia/a-
oe aiceaaaeanue ia i?aaiu oaieiaiiai ?icunea, eioi?ua
eeoue a 1926 aiaeo a yoie nayce aicaoaeeee 561 aeaei1.
20 aaaonoa 1928 a. IETH e Aa?oiaiue Noae ?NON?
ooaa?aeeee aee?aeoeaiia ienueii, niaea?aeaaoaa aaaeiua
oeacaiey ioiineoaeueii i?iaa?ee iniiaaiey e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. A iai iiae/a?eeaaeinue, /oi
ioth iieiaeeoaeueioth ?ieue a iaania/aiee iainiiaaiii-
noe e caeiiiinoe aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi ia anaaaea aee?aeoeau, iai?aa-
eaiiua ia oniaa?oainoaiaaiea einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, aeinoeaaee naiae oeaee. A iieneao iae-
aieaa niaa?oaiiuo, i?inouo e a oi aea a?aiy yooaeoea-
1 Ni.
o. 16.82, on. 1, a?. aae. 14, no?. 22-A3;
o. 1353, on. 1, a?. aae. 49, no?. 22.
2
I?aceaeeoio AOeEE ca
OeAA OANN?, 1925 a.,
Eaiaeaina?oea, 1926 a.,
1928 A. ? 33, no?. 219.
21
iuo n?aaenoa oe?aieaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe
e oeo/oaiey ?aaiou i?aaiia thnoeoeee auee e ioaeaeue-
iua ‘iaoaea/e. I?eia?ii a yoii ‘ioiioaiee yaeyaony
oee?eoey? IETH ?NON? io 5 ethey 1929 a. A iai iiae
i?aaeeiaii ai?ueau n oi?iaeeciii i?aaeeaaaeinue ioea-
caoueny io ioi?ieaiey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea a
aeaea ioaeaeueiiai iinoaiiaeaiey, ia?aie/eaaynue e?aoeie
?aciethoeeae ia iinooieaoae aeaeiaa, cayaeaiee eee
ia?aienea:
noaeueiie oi?iu niinianoaiaaei a ?yaea neo/aaa nicaea-
ieth aoiinoa?u aacioaaonoaaiiinoe i?e ?anniio?aiee
ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaieyo, ia?ooaieth ca-
eiiiinoe a ia?aiia/aeueiie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioean-
na. Ia?aaeei aie i aie n iiniaoiui, iaiainiiaaiiui,
iaoeueiui aicaoaeaeaieai oaieiaiuo aeae oei na?ueaciia
ia?ooaiea i?aa ee/iinoe, /oi noaei niaa?oaiii iaaei-
ionoeiui ei’nea eeeaeaeaoeee a no?aia iineaaeieo inoao-
eia yenieoaoaoi?neeo yeaiaioia a ai?iaea e aea?aaia.
Iiyoiio anei?a aua aieueoa oneeeeanue ai?ueaa ca ana-
noi?iiiaa oe?aieaiea ?iee i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu, ca
oneeaiea o?aaiaaiey caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe ?a-
oaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. 25 aa-
aonoa 1933 a. IETH ?NON?, enoiaey ec ?aciethoeee ia?-
aie ana?inneeneie eiioa?aioeee neaaeiaaoaeae ia?aoee
aieiaiea i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea e ?anneaaeiaaiey
ia iaiaoiaeeiinoue naiiai ioaaonoaaiiiai iiaeoiaea e’eaae-
aeiio ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo i i?anooieaiee. A 1934 ai-
aeo ia?aia ananithciia niaauaiea ?aaioieeia thnoeoeee
i?eiyei ?aoaiea: . I?ieo?i? NNN? oee?eoey?ii io
15 aaaonoa oiai aea aiaea i?eaeae yoiio ?aoaieth iayca-
oaeueioth neeo. E?iia oiai, 20 ai?aey 1935 a. ii ecaeae
niaoeeaeueiue oee?eoey? i ia?ao i?ioea iainiiaaoaeue-
iiai aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae, a oee?eoey?ii io
26 oaa?aey 1937 a. onoaiiaee oeiiaoth oi?io iinoaiia-
eaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea’.
‘ Ni.
1934, no?. 219-221;
ION yoi auei iiaeoaa?aeaeaii i?eeacii io 26 ethey
1936 a.
2 ethiy 1934 a. aiaeiae/iue ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiuo aeae aue aaaaeai a ioiioaiee i?anooiiuo aeay-
iee niaoeeaeenoia e oicyenoaaiieeia, anee yoe aeayiey
niaa?oaeenue a nayce n ?aaioie ia i?iecaiaenoaa. I?e-
eac io 10 ethiy 1940 a. ?ani?ino?aiee oaeie ii?yaeie ia
ana aeieaeiinoiua i?anooieaiey oicyenoaaiieeia e ei-
aeaia?ii-oaoie/aneiai ia?niiaea i?aaei?eyoee.
15 ai?aey 1935 a. I?ieo?i? NNN? ecaeae oee?eoey?,
a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui aeaea i i?anooieaieyo i?aaena-
aeaoaeae -eieoicia iiaee aicaoaeaeaoueny eeoue n naieoeee
iaeanoiuo e ?aaiuo ei i?ieo?i?ia. I?eeac io 29 iay
oo?u NNN?>, 1936, ne?, ,106-^.108;
23
1941 o. ?ani?ino?aiee yoio ii?yaeie ia i?anooiiua aeay-
iey eeoe ec naeueneiai aeoeaa.
I?eeacii io 22 ethiy 1935 a. I?ieo?i? NNN? i?aae-
ienae iieo/aoue naieoeeth iaeanoiiai (e?aaaiai, ANN?)
i?ieo?i?a ia i?eaea/aiea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
caaaaeothueo, i?eaiueeia e aooaaeoa?ia caaioioieoia,
i?eeacii io 11 aaaonoa 1939 a.-ia i?eaea/aiea a?a-
/ae e aee?aeoi?ia oeie ii aeieaeiinoiui i?anooieaieyi’
e o. ae.
Ecaeaiea yoeo i?eeacia e oee?eoey?ia auei aucaaii
oai, /oi ?aoaiea aii?ina i iaee/ee i?anooieaiey a aea-
yoaeueiinoe oeacaiiuo aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i?aaeiieaaaei
ciaiea e i?aaeeueioth ioeaieo anae eo ?aaiou a oeaeii e
iioiio a oi a?aiy auei ia anaaaea iiae neeo ieciaui
?aaioieeai i?ieo?aoo?u. Oeacaiiua i?aaeienaiey iaan-
ia/eaaee iaeneiaeueioth iauaeoeaiinoue i?e aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiuo aeae i iaeaieaa neiaeiuo aeieaeiinoiuo
i?aaiia?ooaieyo, ono?aiyee aiciiaeiinoue i?iyaeaiey
i?e yoii ioaeaeueiuo ianoie/aneeo oaiaeaioeee. A oeaeii
iie nua?aee ‘iieiaeeoaeueioth ?ieue a ?aaioa i?aaiia
i?ieo?aoo?u e ‘i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey.
A nayce n oai, /oi a oio ia?eiae /anoi iiae aeaeii
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea aeae, aue ecaeai ?yae aa-
aeiinoaaiiuo aee?aeoea, iai?aaeaiiuo ia enei?aiaiea
yoiai iaii?iaeueiiai yaeaiey. IE,TH ?NON? iinoaiia-
eaieai io 25 aaaonoa 1933 a. cai?aoee i?ieo?i?ai
. A oee?eoey?ao I?ieo?i?a NNN? io 20 ai?a-
ey 1935 a. e io 25 naioya?y 1936 o. oiaea iiae/a?eeaaeinue,
/oi .i?iaa?ea ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea i i?anooieaiee,
iieo/aiea a oiaea yoie i?iaa?ee oao eee eiuo aeiiie-
ieoaeueiuo aeieoiaioia e aeaiiuo ninoaaeytho iaycaiiinoue
ee/ii naiiai i?ieo?i?a. Yoi aea o?aaiaaiea auei au-
1 Ni.
1939.
24
J ?aaeaii a i?eeaca I?ieo?aoo?u NNN? io 29 ieoya?y
\ 1936 a., eaoaai?e/anee cai?aoeaoai -ii?o/aoue neaaeiaa-
oaeyi i?iecaiaeeoue
iyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea1.
A enoi?ee einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea,
eae e niaaoneiai nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aaa a oeaeii,
iaaeiaeoaa cia/aiea eiaei i?eiyoea 5 aeaeaa?y 1936 a.
Eiinoeoooeee NNN?. A yoii iniiaiii caeiia Niaaoneiai
ainoaea?noaa ia?yaeo n ae?oaeie ia?ainoaiaiiie aaaeii-
noe aii?inaie /aoei ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeenue caaea/e e in-
iiaiua i?eioeeiu niaaoneiai noaea e ‘ooieoeee .i?ieo?i?-.
neiai iaaeci?a, /oi eiaei ia?iiiia cia/aiea ‘a aeaeueiae-:
oai oe?aieaiee nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe ai anao
noa?ao nioeeaeueiie aeecie, a oii /enea a iaeanoe aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae. Iiieii yoiai, a no. 52 Eiinoe-
oooeee auee i?aaeoniio?aiu iaeioi?ua iniaaiiinoe i?e
?aoaiee aii?ina i i?eaea/aiee e noaeaaiie ioaaonoaai-
iinoe aeaiooaoia Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN?.
Ae?oaei caeiiiaeaoaeueiui aeoii, iciaiaiiaaaoei
niaie 1aaaeiue oaa a ?acaeoee einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, yaeeny Caeii i noaeiono?ienoaa NNN?,
nithciuo e aaoiiiiiuo ?anioaeee io 16 aaaonoa 1938 a.
A iai aieaa .iiae?iaii ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeenue iieiiii/ey
noaeaaiuo o/?aaeaeaiee e aaeeiiee/iua aeaenoaey noaeuee.
A no. 28 iiae/a?eeaaeinue, /oi ia?iaeiua noaeuee i?e aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auiinyo iinoaiiaeaiea. A no.
18 eiie?aoece?iaaeny ii?yaeie i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?iaeiiai noaeuee e /eaiia iaeanoiuo,
e?aaauo e ae?oaeo auoanoiyueo noaeia.
Ec enoi?ee ?anniao?eaaaiiai einoeoooa a ia?eiae
Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu neaaeoao ioiaoeoue i?aaeaea
anaai Oeac I?aceaeeoia Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? io
22 ethiy 1941 a. i aiaiiii iieiaeaiee. Ii ‘?anoe?ee iie-
iiii/ey aiaiiiai eiiaiaeiaaiey ii ‘aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiuo aeae i oao i?anooiiuo aeayieyo, eioi?ua niaa?-
oaeenue a ianoiinoyo, iauyaeaiiuo ia aiaiiii iieiaea-
iee (no. 2). Aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaei oaeaea i?eiyoea
IEI NNN? Eino?oeoeee ii i?iecaiaenoao aeiciaiee
a Aiaiii-Ii?neii Oeioa (24 naioya?y 1942 a.) e Eino-
‘ Ni.
1934, no?. 219;
1939, no?. 148-149, 154, 164.
25
?oeoeee i?aaiai aeiciaiey E?aniie A?iee (12 iiya?y
1942 a.). Yoe aaaeiinoaaiiua aee?aeoeau /aoei ?aaeaiai-
oe?iaaee ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea e aa-‘
aeaiey aeiciaiey a aieineeo /anoyo e aiaiece?iaaiiuo
o/?aaeaeaieyo, iiae/a?eioa iaiaoiaeeiinoue oi/iiai eniie-
iaiey e niaethaeaiey i?e yoii ii?i oaieiaii-i?ioean–
noaeueiiai ‘eiaeaena1. . :
A ia?eiae Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu auei ioiaiaii ii-
eo/aiea naieoeee auoanoiyueo i?ieo?i?ia ia aicaoae-:
aeaiea iaeioi?ie eaoaai?ee oaieiaiuo aeae, onoaiiaeaia
iia ?aiaa ecaeaiiuie i?eeacaie -e oee?eoey?aie I?i-
eo?i?a NNN?. Oaeea naieoeee iaaei auei iieo/aoue oieue-:
ei a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-:
ea ii aeayieyi, niaa?oaiiui aee?aeoi?aie i?aaei?eyoee
nithciiai cia/aiey, i?ieo?i?aie, neaaeiaaoaeyie, a oae-
aea eiino?aiiuie iiaeaeaiiuie no?ai, ia aiththueo n
Niaaoneei Nithcii.
A yoio aea ia?eiae auee ecaeaiu ii?iaoeaiua aeou,
a eioi?uo iiae/a?eeaaeanue iaeioi?ay niaoeeoeea a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii i?aaiia?ooaieyi, niaa?-
oaiiui iiae?inoeaie. Oae, iinoaiiaeaiea NIE NNN?
io 15 ethiy 1943 ,a. ia oneeaiee ia? ai?ueau n aeaoneie
aani?eci?iinoueth, aaciaaeci?iinoueth e ooeeaainoaii i?a-
aeoniao?eaaei, /oi ii aeayieyi, oioy e iiaeiaaeathuei iiae
aeaenoaea oaieiaiiai caeiia, ii ia i?aaenoaaeythuei
aieueoie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, ia neaaeoao aicaoae-
aeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, anee iie o/eiaiu ianiaa?oaiii-
eaoieie a aic?anoa aei ainaiiaaeoeaoe eao. E oaeei ee-
oeai aeieaeiu auee i?eiaiyoueny ia ia?u oaieiaiiai ia-
eacaiey, a ia?u i?eioaeeoaeueiiai ainieoaiey. A niio-
aaonoaee n yoei iinoaiiaeaieai IEAAe, IETH e I?ieo-
?aoo?a NNN? 21 ethiy 1943 a. i?eiyee ‘niaianoioth ei-
no?oeoeeth, eioi?ie iiae?iaii ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeny ii?y-
aeie iai?aaeaiey ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo a o?oaeiaua ain-
ieoaoaeueiua eieiiee.
A iineaaiaiiue ia?eiae a ?acaeoee einoeoooa aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aaaeiaeoaa cia/aiea eiaei
i?eiyoia 24 iay 1955 a. Iieiaeaiea i i?ieo?i?neii
iaaeci?a a NNN?. Yoi Iieiaeaiea iiaeiyei ia iiaoth au-
nioo ?ieue i?ieo?i?neiai iaaeci?a ai anao noa?ao i?e-
iaiaiey e eniieiaiey niaaoneeo caeiiia, ‘aieaa /aoei
‘ Ni. A. E. Ieeeoi?ia, Aeiciaiea a Aii?oaeaiiuo Neeao
NNN? e aai iniaaiiinoe, I., 1950.
S6
(i?aaeaeeei i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe i?ieo?i?a, aianei iie-
?oth yniinoue a aii?in i acaeiiioiioaieyo i?ieo?i?a,
Noaea, i?aaiia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey.
?aa yoi eiaei” aaaeiia cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?aoa-
iey ?yaea aii?inia, naycaiiuo n ?anniio?aieai e i?i-
|an?eie ia?ae/iuo iaoa?eaeia i i?anooieaieyo, aeey one-
eaiey iaaeci?a ca caeiiiinoueth e iainiiaaiiinoueth aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae e ioeaca a oaeiaii iaaeeaaea-
ueie i?aaiaie ‘e aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie.
I?eioeeieaeueii aaaeioth ?ieue ea?aao oaeaea i?eiy’
oue 11 oaa?aey 1957 a. Caeii ia ioianaiee e aaaeaieth
nithciuo ?anioaeee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia ono?ienoaa no-
aeia nithciuo ?anioaeee, i?eiyoey a?aaeaeaineiai, oai-
eiaiiai e i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia. Caeii /aoei ?ac-
a?aie/ee eiiiaoaioeee aunoeo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaai-
iie aeanoe Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee a i?aai-
aii ?aaoee?iaaiee iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, neeaaeu-
aathueony a iaeanoe oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, a
oii /enea i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue Iieiaeaiea i Aa?oiaiii Noaea
NNN? io 12 oaa?aey 1957 a. Iii eciaieei iaaeci?iua
ooieoeee Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? ca aeayoaeueiinoueth no-
aeia nithciuo ?anioaeee, iaycaa aai aanoe oaeie iaaeci?
oieueei n oi/ee c?aiey niaethaeaiey yoeie noaeaie iaua-
nithciiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e iaaeiiouaiey a eo aeay-
oaeueiinoe, ouaieaiey eioa?ania ae?oaeo nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee. Niioaaonoaaiii oiio noceeenue e eiio?ieueiua
ooieoeee Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? ca niaethaeaieai i?aa-
-.iaie noaea e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey i?ioean-
noaeueiuo i?aaee ai anao noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna,
a oii /enea i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae. E?iia oi-
ai, no. 17 yoiai Iieiaeaiey onoaiaaeeaaao ii?yaeie i?e-
aea/aiey e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ‘i?aaenaaeaoaey, ca-
ianoeoaeae i?aaenaaeaoaey, /eaiia e ia?iaeiuo canaaeaoa-
eae Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?.
^–Iiaui aaaeiui yoaiii ?acaeoey einoeoooa aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eae e niaaoneiai i?aaa a oeaeii,
yaeeenue caeiiiaeaoaeueiua aeou, ooaa?aeaeaiiua Aa?oia-
iui Niaaoii NNN? 25 aeaeaa?y 1958 a. Iie, aiieiuay
a naaa naiua ia?aaeiaua eaeae iaoaai a?aiaie, aianee
nouanoaaiiua eciaiaiey a i?aaiecaoeeth e aeayoaeueiinoue
noaeaaiuo e , neaaenoaaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaeoniio?aa
27
?yae aaaeiaeoeo ia?, iai?aaeaiiuo ia anaia?iia ?an-
oe?aiea naycae yoeo i?aaiia n oe?ieeie neiyie ia-
?iaeiuo iann, ia aeaeueiaeoaa oeo/oaiea eo ?aaiou ii
ai?ueaa n iinyaaoaeuenoaaie ia niaaoneee no?ie, nioeea-
eenoe/aneoth nianoaaiiinoue, nioeeaeenoe/aneee i?aaiii-
?yaeie e ia aeeciue, caei?iauea, aeinoieinoai e i?aaa niaao-
neeo a?aaeaeai. A yoeo caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoao anoue oea-
eue ?yae ii?i, eiathueo i?yiia ioiioaiea e iaeai-
eaa .i?eioeeieaeueiui noi?iiai ‘a einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea. Oae, a no. no. 3, 7, 10-14, 41 e 43 In-
iia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ,
?anioaeee niaea?aeaony ‘i?aaeea, iicaieythuea aieaa /ao-
ei .e i?aaeeueii ii?aaeaeeoue iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth
‘ aeaea iB niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. A Iniiaao oai-
eiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa i?aaeoniio?aiu i?aaiu, oiie-
iiii/aiiua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, a i?eioeeia ii-
?aaeaeaiu eo iieiiii/ey e acaeiiioiioaiey, ia?a/en-
eaiu ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eneeth/athuea iniiaaiea e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea (no. no. 3, 5, 20, 28-32,50).
A no. 36 Iniia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa i noaeiono?ienoaa e a
no. 30 Iieiaeaiey i .aiaiiuo o?eaoiaeao ?aaeaiaioe?i-
aai ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?ioea no-
aeae. Noaouey 9 Iieiaeaiey i aiaiiuo o?eaoiaeao niaea?-
aeeo i?aaeea, iiiiaathuea oynieoue iieiiii/ey aiaiiiai
eiiaiaeiaaiey ia aicaoaeaeaiea aeae e o. ae. . ‘
Ia iniiaa e a ?acaeoea yoeo iauanithciuo caeiii-
aeaoaeueiuo aeoia i?eieiathony iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?anioaeee. Oae, n 1 yiaa?y
1960 a. aaaaeaiu a aeaenoaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua ei-
aeaenu Ocaaeneie NN?, Eacaoneie NN? e ?NON?.
N 1 ia?oa 1961 a. aaaaeaiu a aeaenoaea oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiua eiaeaenu Aca?aaeaeaeaineie e A?oceineie ni-
thciuo ?anioaeee; n 1 ai?aey 1961 a.-oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiua eiaeaenu Oe?aeineie NN?, Aaei?onneie NN?,
Ynoiineie NN? e Eaoaeeneie NN?; n 1 iay 1961 a,-
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen Ee?aecneie NN? e o. ae.
I?eiyoea yoeo eiaeeoeoee?iaaiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeue-
iuo aeoia ioe?uei iiaoth no?aieoeo a enoi?ee ?acaeoey
niaaoneiai nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aaa, io?aaeathuoth ia-
?eiae ?acaa?iooiai no?ieoaeuenoaa eiiioienoe/aneiai
iauanoaa a no?aia, ia?eiae iinoaiaiiiai i?aa?auaiey
i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe a i?aaiu iauanoaaiii-
ai naiioi?aaeaiey. Yoe eiaeaenu ianuuaiu iienoe-
ia ia?iiiui niaea?aeaieai e io ia/aea aei eiioea i?i-
iecaiu aunieeie eaeayie caeiiiinoe, iiaeeeiiiai aea-
iie?aoecia e nioeeaeenoe/aneiai aoiaiecia. Ai anao
yoeo eiaeaenao e?aniie ieoueth i?iaaaeaia iniiaiay ee-
iey aeaeueiaeoaai oneeaiey ai?ueau n ia?ooaieyie ni-
aaoneiai caeiia e nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aaiii?yaeea,
eaeouay ii iooe nenoaiaoe/aneiai [iiauoaiey ?iee oaa-
aeaeaiey e iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey, ii iooe iaoeeii-
iiai oiaiueoaiey ?iee n?aaenoa i?eioaeaeaiey e noaeaiey
noa?u eo i?eiaiaiey. A /anoiinoe, oaieiaiua eiaeaenu
cia/eoaeueii nie?auatho ia?a/aiue i?anooiiuo aeayiee e
iaeiia?aiaiii n oneeaieai ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca ia-
eaieaa iauanoaaiii iianiua aeayiey e a ioiioaiee ini-
ai iianiuo ?aoeeaeeaenoia i?aaeoniao?eaatho aiciiaeiinoue
i?eiaiaiey i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaeyo e eeoeai, ni-
aa?oeaoei cai?auaiiua oaieiaiui caeiiii aeaenoaey,
oieueei ia? iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey. Oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu onoaiaaeeaatho iaeaieaa oeaeani-
ia?aciue ii?yaeie ia?aaea/e iaoa?eaeia e aeae i iaeioi-
?uo oaieiaiuo i?aaiia?ooaieyo ia ?anniio?aiea oi-
aa?euaneeo noaeia e eiiennee ii aeaeai i ‘ianiaa?oaiii-
eaoieo, a oaeaea ia?aaea/e oa ii?oee. Iie onoaiaaeeaatho.
aaeeiue ii?yaeie noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ii anai oaieiaiui
aeaeai, iiauoatho ?ieue ia?ii?eyoee ii i?ioeeaeoeea, .
| i?aaeoniao?eaatho nouanoaaiiia ?anoe?aiea o/anoey no-
il oa?iaaoaai e iauanoaaiiinoe a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. –
E, Iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo
|| ?anioaeee,’nio?aiyy i?aainoaaiiinoue iiiaeo eieiaea-
I iee, eioi?ua i?aaeoniao?eaaeenue a ?aiaa aeaenoaiaaa-
oai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e au-
R aea?aeaee aeeciaiiia eniuoaiea, a oi aea a?aiy ioeacu-
_ .iathony io ?yaea onoa?aaoeo i?ioeaaeo?iuo i?aaee, aii-
^ nyo nouanoaaiiua eciaiaiey a aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiia
noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey. A yoeo eiaeae-
nao n o/aoii anaai iiaiai e iieiaeeoaeueiiai, eiathuaai-
ny a niaaoneie i?ioeannoaeueiie oai?ee e a i?aeoeea
ai?ueau n i?anooieaieyie, /aoei ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiu ia-
uanoaaiiua ioiioaiey, neeaaeuaathueany ai anao noa-
/eyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
|| >iiiai aeaea iinayuaiu niaoeeaeueiua aeaau eiaeaenia.
E?iia oiai, ii?iu, ioiinyueany e aeaiiiio einoeoooo,
eiathony a ?acaeaea
. |. no. 1-6, 11, 14, 21 OIE Eacaoneie NN?), a a Oai-
29-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii eiaeaena Ocaaeneie NN? – oae’
aea a aeaaa i ii?yaeea i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeai, aicaoae-
aeaiiui ii aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai (no. no. 372-374). Oa-
eia iino?iaiea nicaeaao oaeianoaa i?e iouneaiee e i?e-
iaiaiee niioaaonoaaiiuo ii?i, niinianoaoao aieaa i?a-:
aeeueiiio iiieiaieth eo nouanoaa. ^
^^Einoeooo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea caieiaao ‘
aaaeiia ianoi a niaaoneii oaieia^i-i?ioeannoaeueiii
i?aaa. Ii?iaie aeaiiiai einoeoooa ?aaeaiaioe?othony
iiaiaeu e iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a oaieiaiii
i?ioeanna, ii?yaeie ‘i?eaia, ?anniio?aiey e ?ac?aoaiey
ia?ae/iuo aeaiiuo i i?anooiiii oaeoa, a oaeaea i?aa-
iu, oiieiiii/aiiua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, eo
iieiiii/ey e acaeiiioiioaiey. Yoe ii?iu /aoei ii-
?aaeaeytho i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe niioaaonoaothueo i?aa-
iia e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe, niinianoaotho aieaa yeiiiiii-
io e aieaa oeaeaniia?aciiio ?ani?aaeaeaieth eo oneeee
n oai, /oiau iiaeii auei iaianoe oaea? ii ethaiio i?a-
nooiiiio oaeoo auno?i, iaoei e yooaeoeaii. Aeaaiaea-
?y yoei th?eaee/aneei ii?iai ?aaae?iaaiea ia ia?ae/-
iua naaaeaiey i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii i?anooi-
eaiee n ia?aiai aea oaaa noaaeony a no?iai ii?aaeaeai-
iua, iieiinoueth ioaa/athuea ainoaea?noaaiiui e iauano-
aaiiui eioa?anai ?aiee. Oai naiui aiaae?yaony oaa?-
aeia ia/aei caeiiiinoe a ia?aiia/aeueiue ia?eiae oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, i?eaeathony /ao-
einoue, ii?aaeaeaiiinoue e i?aaiaay onoie/eainoue aicie-
eathuei a oiaea yoie aeayoaeueiinoe ioiioaieyi, iaania-
/eaaaony caueoa i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania a?aaeaeai,
eneeth/aaony ‘aiciiaeiinoue i?iecaiea e aaccaeiiey^
No?iaia i?eiaiaiea ii?i aeaiiiai einoeoooa, ino-
uanoaeyaiia n i?aaeeueiui iiieiaieai eo nouanoaa e
iacia/aiey, aoaeao niinianoaiaaoue aeaeueiaeoaio oe?ai-
eaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe, oniaoiiio auiie-
.iaieth caaea/e iieiiai enei?aiaiey i?anooiiinoe
‘a no?aia.
^ 2.AICAOAEAeAIEA OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA EAE NOAAeEss
\ ) NIAAONEIAI OAIEIAIIAI I?IOeANNA
Ii?iu einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaeey-oniaeaaeiai aeaea ?a-
aoee?otho eiie?aoiua iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey, i?e-
30
neoaeeoue i?aaeeaie iiaaaeaiey ethaeae IB noa?a
ioiioaiee. TH?eaee/aneea i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe,
Eiiaeaiiua yoeie ii?iaie, inouanoaeythony (?aa-
othony) /a?ac__aeainoaey___ii?aaeaeaiiuo eeoe.
Yoe aeaenoaey anaaaea~niaa?oathony ii iiaiaeo i?aae-
eaaaaiiai eee oaeoe/anee eiaaoaai ianoi oaieiaii-
iaoa?eaeueii-i?aaiaiai ioiioaiey, eai, iiea ia ii-
o/aiu (iaia?oaeaiu) ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i aioiay-
uainy eee. niaa?oaiiii i?anooieaiee, iao oneiaee aeey
(?eiaiaiey ii?i einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
|nea. A yoii-iaeii ec i?iyaeaiee oaniie nayce oai-
Aeiiiiai i?aaa e i?ioeanna.
Ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o oaeea aeaenoaey auaatho aeaiy-
eiai ?iaea. Iaeie ec ieo au?aaeathony a ?aoaiee aiciee-
|oeo ia?aae ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiii, oiieiiii/aiiui
|iy aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiuo aeae, e ,, ioianaiiuo e aai
(eiiiaoaioeee aii?inia, a ninoaaeaiee i?ioeannoaeueii-
i?aaiauo aeoia (iai?eia?, ioi?ieaiea iinoaiiaeaiey
eee ii?aaeaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea). Ni-
aa?oay oaeea, aaconeiaii i?aaiaua aeaenoaey, niioaao-
noaothuea aeieaeiinoiua eeoea i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u,
noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey’ ?aaee-
cotho naie i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe ia ia?aae eaeei-eeai ii-
?aaeaeaiiui eeoeii, yaeythueiny o/anoieeii i?ioeanna,
a i?yii e iaiin?aaenoaaiii auiieiytho aiceiaeaiioth ia
aeaiiue ainoaea?noaaiiue i?aai ioaee/ii-i?aaiaoth ca-
aea/o. Niioaaonoaaiii yoiio iie a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo ia
noaiiayony noauaeoaie eiie?aoiiai oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiiai ioiioaiey. Caeanue eo aeaenoaey eiatho cia/a-
iea th?eaee/aneiai oaeoa, ii?iaeaeathuaai oeaeue ?yae ii-
‘iuo i?aa e ‘iaycaiiinoae, aeaeouaai ‘aicieeiiaa-
iea, eciaiaiea eee i?ae?auaiea i?ioeannoaeuiuo ioii-
[oaiee.
e Ianeieueei eiie oa?aeoa? iinyo oa aeaenoaey, iin?aae-
NOaii eioi?uo cayaeoaeue i i?anooieaiee, i?ieo?i? eee
eiua eiiiaioaioiua eeoea inouanoaeytho naie i?aaa e
aeaycaiiinoe ii ioiioaieth ae?oa e ae?oao. Niaa?oay eo,
|ae eeoea iaecaaaeii noaiiayony noauaeoaie eiie?aoiuo
^aieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo ioiioaiee. Iai?eia?, oi eee
“iin eeoei cayaeyao i i?anooiiii oaeoa-neaaeiaaoaeue
?eieiaao yoi cayaeaiea; cayaeoaeue i i?anooieaiee ia-
e ii,(i oao aeaenoaea neaaeiaaoaey-i?ieo?i? i?eieiaao
iy aeaeiao e o, ae. A oaeeo neo/ayo aeaenoaey eeoe, ino-
CO
uanoaeythueo naie i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe, ninoaaeytho
?aaeueiia niaea?aeaiea niioaaonoaothuaai i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai ioiioaiey.
Ii e oa e ae?oaea i?ioeannoaeueiua aeaenoaey e ioii-
oaiey iaoiaeyony a i?aaie/aneii aaeeinoaa, iineieueeo
ia?aua yaeythony eeai oneiaeai, i?e/eiie aicieeiiaa-
iey (eciaiaiey, i?ae?auaiey), eeai ?aaeueiui niaea?-
aeaieai aoi?uo. A naiai aaeeinoaa iie ia?acotho aeay-
oaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea io-
aaouaaao i?eiyoea e i?iaa?eo ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i
i?anooieaiee, auianaiea ii iei i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoa-
iey, iaaeaeiaaiea yoiai ?aoaiey e i?iaa?eo aai caeii-
iinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe. Iia yaeyaony no?iai iiaecaeii-
iie, oae eae i?ioeannoaeueiua aeaenoaey e ioiioaiey, ec
eioi?uo iia neaaaaony, yaeythony i?aaiauie, aeieaeiu
oi/ii niioaaonoaiaaoue caeiio. Yoa aeayoaeueiinoue ninoaa-
eyao /anoue, ia?aiia/aeueiue yoai niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai
i?ioeanna. Iiiuoea auianoe aa ca i?aaeaeu i?ioeanna e
?anniio?aoue eae ia/oi aio i?aaeoanoaothuaa ia iiaeao
auoue ii?aaaeaia.
Iaaei i?eciaoue iai?aaeeueiui acaeyae, niaeanii
eioi?iio oaieiaiue i?ioeann ia/eiaaony iinea auia-
naiey iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea e a neeo
yoiai aeoa. I?e oaeii iiaeoiaea e aii?ino ana oi, /oi
aeaeaaony i?e aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea, a-oii /enea i?e-
iyoea niioaaonoaothuaai iinoaiiaeaiey, auiineony ca
i?ioeann e ?anoeaieaaaony eae ia/oi aio i?aaeoanoaoth-
uaa. A ?acoeueoaoa yoiai ‘iieo/aaony aicaoaeaeaiea aeaea
ia a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, a aei iaai.
Anee neaaeiaaoue oaeie oi/ea c?aiey, oi iaecaaaeai
auaiae, /oi i?eiaiaiea ii?i iaeiiai ec aaaeiaeoeo ei-
noeoooia niaaoneiai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa
eiaao ianoi aia anae oaieiaii-i?i’oeannoaeueiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe, i?aaeoanoaoao ae ai a?aiaie e iineo iai?ioean-
noaeueiue oa?aeoa?. Iaaeaeo oai yoi ia oieueei iaeiae/-
ii, ii e iaaa?ii ith nouanoao, eai ia ioaa/aao eioa?a-
nai oe?aieaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe, oneea-
iey aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe.
Aicaoaeaeaiea aeaea ‘i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaiouaiea-
f ioth /anoue niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Ii aii?in
i oii, yaeyaony ee aicaoaeaeaiea aeaea naiinoiyoaeueiie
i?ioeannoaeueiie noaaeeae e anee aea, oi ec /aai iia neea-
aeuaaaony, eaeiau aa i?aaeaeu, noae n iaeioi?uo ii? aeen-
eonneiiiui.
Auei i?aiy, eiaaea ana niaaoneea e?eieiaeenou en-
xn’nrin (i;i oiai, /oi oaieiaiue i?ioeann ninoieo oieueei
noaaeee: i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey e no-
| ?anniio?aiey aeaea. Oiaaea aicaoaeaeaiea oaieia-
ea n/eoaeinue eeai /anoueth i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
E111ss, eeai iacia/aieai aeaea e neooaieth, anee
ieaeinue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo.
11||ioea iiaeiaiie oi/ee c?aiey aia?aua aunooiee
|.. No?iai^o^uaeaeioa i?aaeeueiia iieiaeaiea, /oi
noaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeii i?eciaaaoueny
inoiyoaeueiie i?ioeannoaeueiie noaaeeae. Iaeiaei yoa
ea c?aiey auea au?aaeaia ei iaiineaaeiaaoaeueii.
a/eoae, /oi a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea
Noaeaeaiea aeaea ii nouanoao niaiaaeaao n ia/aeii
aeaa?eoaeueiiii ?anneaaeiaaiey1. Oai naiui ii io/a-
i?ioeai?a/ee nai naaa, eai anee aicaoaeaeaiea oai-
.^aeiiai aeaea eiiaaea ii naiaio nouanoao neeaaaony n
Aoie noaaeeae i?ioeanna, oi, i/aaeaeii, a yoeo neo/ayo
uecy ii oi?iaeueiui ‘i?eciaeai auaeaeeoue aai a io-
ueioth noaaeeth.
Aneaae ca I. N. No?iaiae/ai iiiaea i?ioeannoaee-
nou auneacaeenue a iieueco i?eciaiey aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiiiiai aeaea naiinoiyoaeueiie i?ioeannoaeueiie noaaeeae.
Ii a eo ?aaioao oiaea ia i?eaiaeeony aeinoaoi/ii iiae?ia-
iiai iainiiaaiey aeaiiie oi/ee c?aiey. A iaeioi?uo ec
aoeo ?aaio i?eaiaeeony i?ioeai?a/eaay a?aoiaioaoeey.
Oae, I. I. Iieyineee yoo noaaeeth aeaeeo a iaeiii aeoa-
a ninoaaeaiee niioaaonoaothuaai iinoaiiaeaiey, ii (aia-
noa n oai n/eoaao, /oi i?eciaeii ethaie noaaeee i?ioean-
na yaeyaony eiiieaen i?ioeannoaeueiuo ioiioaiee2.
?yae i?ioeannoaeenoia ii-i?aaeiaio aeieacuaatho, /oi
|11):)aoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony ia naiinoiyoaeue-
iie noaaeeae, a ia?aiia/aeueiui iiiaioii i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. Oae, I. E. Oeoiai iieaaae,
/oi iao
I, N, No?iaiae/a,
iie noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea>, /oi
Auei au iai?aaeeueii aeoiaoue, /oi ?acee/iua oi/ee
c?aiey ia eiatho i?eioeeieaeueiiai cia/aiey, /oi aeen-
eonney ii aeaiiiio aii?ino eeoaia iiciaaaoaeueiie e
i?aeoe/aneie oeaiiinoe. ?a/ue eaeao i i?aaeeueiii iiie-
iaiee ia?aiia/aeueiiai yoaia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa, i aai nouanoaa e ianoa a i?ioeanna, i aai ioii-
oaiee e ae?oaei /anoyi i?ioeanna, a /anoiinoe, e i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiiio ?anneaaeiaaieth. A caaeneiinoe io oiai,
eae ?aoathony yoe aii?inu, iiaeao iaiyoueny iiaeoiae e
?yaeo i?aeoe/anee aaaeiuo i?iaeai. Anee, iai?eia?,
anoaoue ia oo oi/eo c?aiey, /oi aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaii-
ai aeaea yaeyaony /anoueth noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey, oi eiae/anee ioiaaeaao iniiaaiea cai?a-
uaoue niaa?oaoue oa eee eiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey i?e
i?iaa?ea ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea, eai a yoii neo/aa ia- \.
ecaaaeai auaiae, /oi ia/aei i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaei-_
aaiey, eae .noaaeee i?ioeanna, naycaii n^-i-?eeyaeyaeai–aaeya-
eaiey Oniiauaiey) i i?anooieaiee. N yoie oi/ee c?a-
iey, aeaeaa, n?iee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey iaaei
en/eneyoue iiyoue-oaee n iiiaioa iinooieaiey ia?ae/ii-
ai iaoa?eaea i i?anooieaiee e o. ae.
Eanaynue nouanoaa yoiai aii?ina, i?aaeaea anaai ia-
iaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue ianinoiyoaeueiinoue ooaa?aeaeaiey, /oi
aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea naiaeeony
e iaeiiio aeoo-auianaieth niioaaonoaothuaai i?ioean-
noaeueiiai ?aoaiey. Oaeia ooaa?aeaeaiea ia auoaeaao ec
caeiia, aaaeao e eca?auaieth nouanoaa e caaea/ ia?aiia-
/aeueiiai yoaia niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna.
Oe Iao niiiaiey a oii, /oi aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-.
ai aeaea – aaaeiue iiiaio ia?aiia/aeueiiai yoaia oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna. Ii yaeyaony aeaenoaeai, iin?aaenoaii
eioi?iai oiieiiii/aiiua ia oi aeieaeiinoiua eeoea au-
?aaeatho naia ?aoaiea ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo. Ec-
aanoii oaeaea, /oi a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea aeaei aicaoaeaea-
‘ Ni.
aony ii aaiii?aaenoaaaiiio oniio?aieth ‘i?ieo?i?a, nea-
aeiaaoaey, noaea eee i?aaia aeiciaiey, aeaenoaeoaeueii ni-
noaaeyaony ia?aaeei oieueei iaeei i?ioeannoaeueiue aeieo-
iaio – niioaaonoaothuaa iinoaiiaeaiea eee ii?aaeaeaiea.
Iaeiaei, eae iauaa i?aaeei, aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea ia en/a?iuaaaony yoei aeoii. Iia io-
aaouaaao oaeaea ?yae ae?oaeo aeaenoaee e ioiioaiee, iiae-
aioiaeythueo aeo aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea eee iai?aaeaiiuo
ia i?iaa?eo aai caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe. ?anniio-
?ei niaea?aeaiea yoie aeayoaeueiinoe aieaa iiae?iaii.
;/ Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia i?aai i?aaeienuaaao i?-
aaiai, oiieiiii/aiiui aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiia aeaei, i?e-
.iyoue ethaia cayaeaiea i i?anooieaiee, ?acuynieoue cay-
aeoaeth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca caaaaeiii eiaeiue aeiiin e
ninoaaeoue i?ioieie, anee niiauaiea naeaeaii onoii eee
eiaao ‘ianoi yaea n iiaeiiie (no. no. 109-1E1 OIE
?NON?). Eniieiyy yoe iaycaiiinoe, aeieaeiinoiua eeoea
i?aaiia, eiathueo i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiia aeaei,
niaa?oatho aeaenoaey, eioi?ua ia iiaoo ia n/eoaoueny
i?ioeannoaeueiuie, iineieueeo iie ?aaoee?othony ii?ia-
ie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa.
Ii iieo/aiee eee iaia?oaeaiee ia?ae/iuo naaaea-
iee i i?anooiiii aeayiee oiiiyiooua auoa i?aaiu iay-
caiu a ii?aaeaeaiiue n?ie ?anniio?aoue eo, i?iaa?eoue eo
iainiiaaiiinoue. E?iia oiai, ii iaeioi?ie eaoaai?ee
oaieiaiuo i?aaiia?ooaiee noaeuey, i?eiya aeaeiao ii-
oa?iaaoaai, aeieaeai i?eiyoue ia?u e i?eie?aieth ii-
oa?iaaoaai n eeoeii, ia eioi?iai iiaeaia aeaeiaa (no. 109
, OIE ?NON?).
i?iecaiaenoaa, e yaeyaony eo eiie?aoiui au?aaeaieai
\ i?eiaieoaeueii e aeaiiiio yoaio. Iia caeeth/aaony a
?anniio?aiee iinooieaoeo (iaia?oaeaiiuo) ia?ae/iuo
naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee e a ?aoaiee ?yaea aii?inia,
naycaiiuo n oyniaieai iaee/ey iaoa?eaeueii-i?aaiauo
e i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?aaeiinueie aeey ia/aea oaieiaiiai
aeaea.
I?e/ai yoi-no?iai ia?aie/aiiay i?ioeannoaeueiay
caaea/a, oa?aeoa?iay oieueei aeey ia?aiia/aeueiie nooia-
ie oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ioee/athuay aa io ae?o-
40
AEO yoaiia i?ioeanna. Yoo niaoeeoe/aneoth caaea/o iaeuecy
i?iecaieueii ?anoe?eoue, niaoaoue aa n eiie?aoiuie ca-
aea/aie ae?oaeo noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, a /anoiinoe,
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. I?aaenoaaeyaony ioe-:
ai/iui auneacaiiia A. ss. Aei?ioiaui iiaiea, /oi
oii, /oiau
ia iao anyeoth a?aiue iaaeaeo iacaaiiuie /anoyie oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna, aeaeaao iaeio ec ieo iaioaeiie. Iia
aaaeao e i?iecaiaenoao oaeoe/aneiai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey ii eaaeaeiio ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo, e aic-
aoaeaeaieth aeaea iinea ?ane?uoey i?anooieaiey e ecia-
ee/aiey aeiiaiuo.
Oaeei iai?aaeeueiui iiieiaieai caaea/e ia?aiia-
/aeueiiai yoaia i?ioeanna eae ?ac iaoneiaeeaaaony ii-
?i/iay i?aeoeea, eiaaea iaeioi?ua ?aaioieee i?aa-
iia neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey auoiaeyo ca ?aiee i?iaa?ee
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii no-
uanoao caieiathony ?anneaaeiaaieai ia?ae/iuo aeai-
iuo i i?anooieaiee, no?aiyony nia/aea ?ane?uoue i?a-
nooieaiea, a iioii i?ioeannoaeueii ioi?ieoue naie
aeaenoaey.
I?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ia iiaeao noa-
aeoueny caaea/a ?ane?uoey i?anooieaiey, oae eae caeanue
aua ia ?aoai aii?in i oii, eiaaony ee aeinoaoi/iia in-
iiaaiea i?aaeiieaaaoue iaee/ea i?anooiiiai oaeoa. Yoio
yoai i?ioeanna i?ecaai oieueei ?aoaoue aii?in i oii,
anoue ee iniiaaiea ia/aoue oaieiaiia aeaei. Aei ?aoaiey
>oiai aii?ina ia?aae i?ieo?i?ii, noaeueae, neaaeiaaoaeai
eee i?aaiii aeiciaiey ia aicieeaao eaeie-eeai ae?oaie
i?ioeannoaeueiie caaea/e, iaoneiaeaiiie aeaiiui ia?ae/-
iui iaoa?eaeii i i?anooieaiee, e niioaaonoaaiii
aoiio ia ianooiaao ie iaeiie ec iineaaeothueo noaaeee
i?ioeanna.
1 Naiaia?aciinoueth oeacaiiie caaea/e ii?aaeaeyaony e
Niaoeeoe/iinoue oneiaee, a eioi?uo i?ienoiaeeo aicaoae-
‘ Ni,
41
aeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea, e iieiaeaiey noauaeoia. Yoa
niaoeeoeea caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi ia aeaiiii yoaeaea
i?ioeanna any ?aaioa i?iaiaeeony 1. A oiaea aeayoaeueiinoe ii aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea iaaeeaaeauea i?aaiu /anoi ia aeiauaatho
eaeeo-eeai aeiiieieoaeueiuo aeaiiuo, ia?aie/eaaynue i?i-
aa?eie niiauaiey eee cayaeaiey ii naaaeaieyi, ii oae-
oe/aneei aeaiiui, eiathueiny a naiii ia?ae/iii ia-
oa?eaea. Yoi naiaia?acea ioee/aao aicaoaeaeaiea oai-
eiaiiai aeaea eae io i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey,
oae e io noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey aeaea.
E neacaiiiio, neaaeoao aeiaaaeoue, /oi i?e aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea iao ie iaaeiyaiiai, ie naeaeaoaeae,
ie yenia?oia. Ooo anoue cayaeoaeue i i?anooieaiee, aeieae-
iinoiia eeoei, i?eieiathuaa e ?ac?aoathuaa yoi niia-
uaiea, e i?aaenoaaeoaeue aunoaai iaaeci?a-i?ieo?i?.
Iieiaeaiea yoeo eeoe, eo aeaenoaey e ioiioaiey caeanue
eiua, /ai a ae?oaeo noaaeeyo i?ioeanna. Anee, iai?eia?,
eeoei, niiauathuaa_naaaeaiey i i?anooiiii oaeoa, i?e
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony cayaeoaeai i
i?anooieaiee, oi a noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaei-
aaiey iii aunooiaao a ea/anoaa naeaeaoaey eee iioa?-
iaaoaai. Niioaaonoaaiii yoiio iaiythony aai i?ioean-
noaeueiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe.
Aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea io-
aa/aao e iineaaeiaio i?eciaeo i?ioeannoaeueiie noaaeee.
Iia caaa?oaaony i?eiyoeai e anooieaieai a neeo ii-
noaiiaeaiey eee ii?aaeaeaiey, a eioi?ii niioaaonoaoth-
uea i?aaiu, iiaeaiaey eoia anaio i?iaeaeaiiiio, eceaaa-
tho naia ?aoaiea ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo, ii?aaeaey-
tho aeaeueiaeoee oiae i?ioeanna. Anee aea yoi iinoaiiaea-
iea (ii?aaeaeaiea) iaaeaeoaony eee ii?ioanoiauaaaony.
oi ii ?acoeueoaoai aai i?iaa?ee iiyoue i?eieiaaony ?a-
oaiea.
Eae aeaeii ec neacaiiiai, aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea i?enoue ana oa i?eciaee, eioi?uie oa?aeoa?eco-
aony i?ioeannoaeueiay noaaeey, e iao i?e/ei e oiio, /oiau
ia n/eoaoue aai ioaeaeueiie, naiinoiyoaeueiie noaaeeae ni-
aaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna.
1 Ni.
E?iia oiai, iiiuoea n/eoaoue aicaoaeaeaiea oaieia-
iiai aeaea /anoueth noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaae
– iey iaoaea/ia ii iaeioi?ui ae?oaei niia?aaeaieyi. A
/anoiinoe, i?e yoii ia o/eouaaaony, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei
iiaeao aicaoaeaeaoueny aaeeiiee/ii noaeueae eee noaeii a
eieeaaeaeueiii ninoaaa, iaeiaei ie noaeuey, ie noae ia ii-
aoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae o/anoieee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey. Aeaea /anoiiai iaaeiaiey iinea eo aic-
aoaeaeaiey ia ?anneaaeothony, a ?anniao?eaathony iaii-
n?aaenoaaiii a noaea.
Caoai, ?anniio?aiea ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooi-
eaiee ia?aaeei caeai/eaaaony ioeacii a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea. A yoeo neo/ayo i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?an-
neaaeiaaiea aiiaua ia ianooiaao. Iaaeaeo oai caeanue eia-
ao ianoi i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue, ?aaeaiaioe?i-
aaiiay no. no. 108-111, 113, 116 OIE ?NON? e niioaao-
noaothueie noaoueyie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeae-
nia ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee, e ?aoaaony ‘i?ioeannoaeue-
iay caaea/a, eai ?aaaeeeoaoeey iaaeiiaiiai, niyoea n
iaai iacaneoaeaiiuo iiaeic?aiee a niaa?oaiee i?anooi-
eaiey, i?aaeioa?auaiea aiciiaeiinoe iai?aaeeueiiai
i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe-yoi aaaeiae-
oay noi?iia aeaoaaeeiie caaea/e niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Iaeiiaoe, iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu
nithciuo ?anioaeee ia oieueei ioaiaeyo aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea ioaeaeueiua aeaau, ai onoaiaaeeaatho
aeey yoiai yoaia, i?ioeanna niaoeeaeueiua n?iee, ia aoi-
aeyuea a n?iee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey ‘e aeicia-
‘iey (.iai?eia?, no. 109 OIE ?NON?), oiaaea eae a
neo/aa i?eciaiey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
/anoueth i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey yoiai ia
iiaei auoue, iineieueeo ooo oaea n iiiaioa i?eiyoey
ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee aeieaeii ia/aoueny
oa/aiea n?ieia aaaeaiey aeiciaiey aeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
v neaaenoaey.
‘ Ana yoi oiaea naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi aicaoaeaea-
iea oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony ia /anoueth i?aaeaa?eoaeueii-
ai ?anneaaeiaaiey, a naiinoiyoaeueiie noaaeeae niaaoneiai
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. A iieueco yoiai aea auaiaea aiai?eo
iieeoe/aneia e i?ioeannoaeueiia cia/aiea aeaiiie noaaeee
i?ioeanna, eioi?ia a nayce n iiauie o?aaiaaieyie i
aeaeueiaeoai oe?aieaiee nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe e
oneeaiee aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe aic?anoaao aua
aieueoa’.
Noaaeey aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii
^ I?ioeanna i?aaeiacia/aia iaania/eoue, n iaeiie noi?iiu,
iaiaaeeaiiia e ?aoeoaeueiia ?aaae?iaaiea ia eaaeaeue
aeaenoaeoaeueii i?anooiiue oaeo, n ae?oaie – naiaa?aiai-
iia i?aaeioa?auaiea ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?an-
niio?aiey oaeoa, ia i?aaenoaaeythuaai cia/eoaeueiie
iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, eeai aiana ia eiaaoaai ianoa
a iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.
Iiiaea ec oao i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee, eioi?ua
naycaiu n ?aoaieai aii?ina i ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea, a i?ioeannoaeueiii ioi?ieaiee eiatho naie iniaai-
iinoe e iioiio a yoie noaaeee i?ioeanna iiaeao auoue
oeaeue ?yae ienueiaiiuo aeieoiaioia, eiathueo aaaeiia
cia/aiea. Ienueiaiiue oaeno niiauaiey eee cayaeaiey
i i?anooieaiee, i?eeiaeaiiua e iaio iaoa?eaeu, i?ioi-
eie i?eaia onoiiai cayaeaiey, i?ioieie yaee n iiaei-
iie, iiaeienea cayaeoaey i i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiee aai ia oai-‘
eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca caaaaeiii eiaeiue aeiiin,
ienueiaiiia i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a neaaeiaaoaeth eee
i?aaiai aeiciaiey, iinoaiiaeaiea eee ii?aaeaeaiea i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, aeaeiaa eee i?ioano ia
yoi iinoaiiaeaiea e aeo ii ?acoeueoaoai aai i?iaa?ee –
aio i?eia?iue ia?a/aiue oaeeo aeieoiaioia. Eaaeaeue ec
ieo aeieaeai auoue ninoaaeai .a oi/iii niioaaonoaee n
o?aaiaaieyie i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiia e i?eiauai e
aeaeo. Oai aieaa, /oi iaeioi?ua ec yoeo aeieoiaioia a
aeaeueiaeoai aoaeoo eiaoue cia/aiea ienueiaiiuo enoi/ie-
eia aeieacaoaeuenoa eae i?e ?anneaaeiaaiee, oae e i?e
noaeaaiii ?anniio?aiee aeaiiiai aeaea.’
A noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea oaeoe/anee
anaaaea ?anniao?eaathony aii?inu:
a) eaeea ec noaaoeo ecaanoiuie oaeoia e ia inii-
aaiee eaeeo eiie?aoiuo ia?ae/iuo aeaiiuo iiaoo auoue
i?eciaiu iainiiaaiiuie, ?aaeueii nouanoaothueie a
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe;
a) eaeea aeiiieieoaeueiua aeaiiua e eaeei ia?acii
1 Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea i?ec-
iaaony ioaeaeueiie noaaeeae i?ioeanna e a ca?oaaaeiuo nioeeaeenoe-
/aneeo no?aiao (Ni. N. Iaaeia, Iniiaie ia/aea ia iaeacaoaeue-
iey i?ioeann ia I?A, Nioey, 1956, no?. 48).
4t
iiaoo auoue iieo/aiu, anee eiathueany a ia?ae/iii ia-
oa?eaea naaaeaiey iaaeinoaoi/iu aeey ieii/aoaeueiiai ?a-
oaiey ia?aiai aii?ina”,
a) i?eciaee eaeiai i?anooieaiey oniao?eaathony a
yoeo oaeoao;
; a) eiiiaoaioii ee aeieaeiinoiia eeoei, ?anniao?e-
aathuaa eiathueeny ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae, i?eiyoue ?a-
oaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee !B aeaiiii neo/aa oaieiaiiai aeaea
eee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii;
ae) iao ee iaeiiai ec ianoiyoaeuenoa, eioi?ua niio-
aaonoaaiii caeiio i?aiyonoaotho aicieeiiaaieth oaieia-
iiai aeaea;
a) eiio neaaeoao aanoe aeiciaiea eee i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iia neaaenoaea ii aeaeo, anee iii aicaoaeaeaaony;
c) iao ee iniiaaiey e ioiaia eee eciaiaieth ii-
noaiiaeaiey (ii?aaeaeaiey) i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaei&ii, anee ioi iaaeaeiaaii eee
ii?ioanoiaaii.
4 I?e ?aoaiee anao yoeo aii?inia aeieaeiinoiua eeoea
i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noua, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey
e aeiciaiey enoiaeyo ec oaeeo aaaeiaeoeo o?aaiaaiee ni-
aaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, eae caeiiiinoue, ioaee/-
iinoue e auno?ioa.
I?eioeei caeiiiinoe i?eiaieoaeueii e ia?aie noa-
aeee i?ioeanna icia/aao, /oi any aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea e ii ioeaco a oaeiaii aeieaeia
iniiauaaoueny ia caeiia, i?ioaeaoue n oi/iii niio-
aaonoaee n iei. Anyeia ia?ooaiea ii?i iaoa?eaeueiiai
e i?ioeannoaeueiiai o?aaa, iai?aaeeueiia eo i?eiaia-
iea, ionooieaiea io ‘ieo ‘iiae oai ‘eee eiui i?aaeeiaii
ianiaianoeii n o?aaiaaieai caeiiiinoe e iaaeiio-
noeii.
A neeo yoiai i?eioeeia io i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u,
noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey o?aaoaony ?aoeoaeueii ?aa-
ae?iaaoue ia eaaeaeue i?anooiiue oaeo, cai?auaaony
ioeacuaaoue a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, anee iaeeoei
a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a iauanoaaiii iianiia, aeaenoaeoaeue-
ii i?anooiiia aeayiea. Aianoa n oai ia aeiioneaaony ia-
iainiiaaiiia aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea, iaioaeiia
noaniaiea a?aaeaeai a i?aaao, iai?aniay o?aoa nee e
n?aaenoa ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia.
Aeaaiaea?y i?eioeeio caeiiiinoe ?anniio?aiea ia?-
ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee noaaeony a no?iai ii-
45
?aaeaeaiiua ?aiee e oai naiui iaania/eaaaony i?eiy”
oea i?aaeeueiiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoaiey, caueoa i?aa
e caeiiiuo eioa?ania a?aaeaeai. ?
Ioaee/iinoue a ia?aie noaaeee i?ioeanna au?aaeaao-
ny i?aaeaea anaai a oii, /oi i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea,
neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, ?aoay aii?inu, naycaiiua n aic-
aoaeaeaieai oaieiaiiai aeaea, enoiaeyo ec ainoaea?noaai-
|iuo, iauanoaaiiuo .eioa?ania e aeaenoaotho a neeo naieo
ioeoeeaeueiuo ‘iieiiii/ee, iacaaeneii io ‘oniio?aiey io-
aeaeueiuo eeoe, eiathueo oi eee eiia ioiioaiea e ?an-
niao?eaaaiui oaeoai. I?e/ai yoe i?aaiu ia oieueei
iiaoo, ii e iaycaiu aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, anee
eiaaony e oiio caeiiiia iniiaaiea.
Ioaee/iinoue oaeaea o?aaoao io aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe
i?aaiia, aicaoaeaeathueo oaieiaiia aeaei, i?iyaeoue ae-
oeaiinoue e eieoeeaoeao, naeaeaoue ana iaiaoiaeeiia, /oiau
i?aaeeueii ?ac?aoeoue iinooieaoea (iaia?oaeaiiua)
ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii
i?anooieaiee, /oiau ia aeiionoeoue i?eiyoey iacaeiiii-
ai e iaiainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey. Aianoa n oai aeaiiia
o?aaiaaiea icia/aao, /oi Niaaoneia ainoaea?noai ai?aony
ni anyeeie i?iyaeaieyie i?anooiiinoe e inouanoaeyao
yoi a eioa?anao anaai niaaoneiai ia?iaea.
” Iai i?aaenoaaeyaony ianinoiyoaeueiie oi/ea c?aiey,
/oi ia/aei ioaee/iinoe ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia aeaea
/anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey1. Ii yoei
aeaeai aeaenoaeoaeueii nouanoaoao ii?aaeaeaiiia ia?aie-
/aiea. Ii iii ioithaeue ia icia/aao, /oi Niaaoneia aino-
aea?noai aac?acee/ii ioiineony e iiaeiaiui oaieiaiui
i?aaiia?ooaieyi, noaaeo ai?ueao n ieee ia ia ioaee/-
iua, a ia /anoiua, aeeniiceoeaiua ia/aea. Oaeia ia?a-
ie/aiea iaoneiaeaii oieueei no?aieaieai iaania/eoue
iaeauno?aeoaa ainnoaiiaeaiea ii?iaeueiuo ioiioaiee
iaaeaeo iioa?iaaoei e iaeae/eeii, ia aeiionoeoue eneonno-
aaiiiai ?anoe?aiey eo acaeiiie iai?eycie, i?aaeioa-
?aoeoue aiciiaeiinoue oneeaiey iaeaeu iioa?iaaoaai ioa-
ee/iie aa iaeaneie aac aaaeiia e niaeaney aeaiiiai eeoea.
Yoi ia?aie/aiea ia eanaaony i?eioeeiia oaieiaiiai i?i-
oeanna. Iii eiaao ioiioaiea oieueei e iiaiaeai ii aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, oae eae ai?ueaa n i?anooiea-
‘ Ii. I. N. No?iaiae/, Oaieiaiue i?ioeann, I., 1946,
73.
ieyie a niaaoneii iauanoaa ia iiaeao noaaeoueny ia
/anoiua, aeeniiceoeaiua ia/aea. Eiaaea ia?ooai niaao-
neee caeii, oi oai naiui ouaieaiu eioa?anu ainoaea?-
noaa, eioa?anu nioeeaeenoe/aneiai iauanoaa e ee/iia
oniio?aiea ioaeaeueiuo eeoe ia iiaeao iineoaeeoue iniiaa-
ieai e ionooieaieth io o?aaiaaiey ioaee/iinoe.
Auno?ioa a ia?aie noaaeee i?ioeanna icia/aao, /oi
i?e ?ac?aoaiee ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee
aeieaeia auoue i?iyaeaia iaeneiaeueiay ii?aaeaeaiiinoue.
Yoi iaoiaeeo naia eiie?aoiia au?aaeaiea a oao n?ieao,
eioi?uie naycaii ?aoaiea aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea. Niaethaeaiea onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii
n?ieia yaeyaony iaeiei ec aaaeiaeoeo oneiaee oniaoiie
ai?ueau n i?anooiiinoueth. *ai auno?aa ia/aoi oaieiaiia
aeaei, oai -iia?aoeaiaa iiaoo auoue cae?aieaiu aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey iieiiai ?ane?uoey i?anooi-
eaiey.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy n?iee ?ac?aoaiey ia?ae/iuo
iaoa?eaeia e niiauaiee i niaa?oaiiuo i?anooieaieyo
onoaiaaeeaathony iaiin?aaenoaaiii a naiii caeiia. Ia-
i?eia?, no. 91 OIE Ocaaeneie NN? i?yii i?aaeoniao-
?eaaao, /oi ii iinooieaoaio cayaeaieth eee niiauaieth
i i?anooieaiee aii?in i ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
aeieaeai ?aoaoueny a o?aoaeiaaiue n?ie. Noaouey 109 OIE
?NON? i?aaeienuaaao .?aoeoue yoio aii?in oiaea a n?ie
ia aieaa o?ao nooie ni aeiy iieo/aiey cayaeaiey eee
niiauaiey, oieueei ‘a eneeth/eoaeueiuo’neo/ayo aeiioneay
i?iaeeaiea yoiai n?iea aei aeanyoe nooie.
Oaeea aeanoeea n?iee a yoie .noaaeee i?ioeanna aiieia
iiiyoiu, ‘eai iaaeeeoaeueiinoue i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea ea?aao ia ?oeo i?anooiieeo: iia cao?oaeiyao
?ane?uoea i?anooieaiey, eciaee/aiea aeiiaiuo e aic-
iauaiea ‘i?e/eiaiiiai ei’e iaoa?eaeueiiai oua?aa.
Iaeiaei auno?ioo iaeuecy niaoeaaoue ni niaoeie.
Oi?iieeainoue i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea iiaeao i?eaanoe e i?eiyoeth iaiainiiaai-
iuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo ?aoaiee, e ia?ooaieth caeiiiinoe
e ouaieaieth i?aa ioaeaeueiuo a?aaeaeai.
oE^ Noaaeey aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii
i?ioeanna eiaao aieueoia iieeoe/aneia e i?ioeannoaeueiia
cia/aiea. Aeaaiaea?y yoie noaaeee a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii
neo/aa aeinoeaaaony nin?aaeioi/aiea aieiaiey e oneeee
i?aaiia niaaoneiai noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e aei-
47
ciaiey ia ai?ueaa n aeaenoaeoaeueii i?anooiiuie, i?aae-
noaaeythueie cia/eoaeueioth iauanoaaiioth iianiinoue
aeayieyie. Aianoa n oai ec noa?u oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iie aeayoaeueiinoe naiaa?aiaiii ono?aiyaony ana oi, /oi
ia o?aaoao i?eiaiaiey ia? oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey, /oi
ia aea/ao ca niaie oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Yoi nii-
nianoaoao aieaa oniaoiie i?aaiecaoeee ai?ueau n i?a-
nooiiinoueth, a oaeaea oe?aieaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneiai
i?aaiii?yaeea, ia?aaeaeaao niaaoneeo a?aaeaeai io iaioae-
iuo noaniaiee, iiaoueo eiaoue ianoi i?e iaiainiiaai-
iii aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae.
Ioeaee, aeiiouaiiua a yoie noaaeee i?ioeanna, ia-
?aaeei noaiiayony iaiii?aaeiuie eee aanueia o?oaeii ii-
i?aaeiuie /a?ac ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy.
Oieueei iinea aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
aeiioneaaony aaaeaiea aeiciaiey eee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey (ii aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey-noaeaaiia
?anniio?aiea), i?eiaiaiea ia? i?eioaeaeaiey, i?aaeon-
iio?aiiuo oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii
aeey ai?ueau n i?anooieaieyie. A oi aea a?aiy i?e-
iyoea iaeiia?aiaiii n .aicaoaeaeaieai aeaea yia?ae/iuo
ia? e i?aaeioa?auaieth e i?ana/aieth iiauo i?anooi-
iuo i?iyaeaiee eiaao i?eioeeieaeueii aaaeiia cia-
/aiea.
I?aaeeueiia ?aoaiea a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea aii?ina i oii, eiio neaaeoao aanoe aeiciaiea
eee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaaenoaea ii aeaiiiio aeaeo, eiaao
aaaeiia cia/aiea a iaania/aiee oi/iiai niaethaeaiey
onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii i?aaee iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe, ya-
eyaony iaeiei ec iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee aeey oniaoiiai
?ane?uoey i?anooieaiey, eciaee/aiey aeiiaiuo e aic-
iauaiey i?e/eiaiiiai i?anooiiui aeayieai iaoa?eaeue-
iiai oua?aa.
I?e iai?aaeeueiii ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaii-
ai aeaea i?anooiiee inoaaony aaciaeacaiiui, a yoi ii-
aeao eiaoue na?ueaciua io?eoeaoaeueiua iineaaenoaey ia
oieueei aeey iauaai, ii e aeey /anoiiai i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey,
eai i?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi oaeea eeoea ca/anooth ni-
aa?oatho iiaua i?anooieaiey. Caeiiiue e iainiiaai-
iue ioeac a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea nieiaao n
niioaaonoaothueo a?aaeaeai iacaneoaeaiiia iiaeic?aiea,
i?aaeioa?auaao eeoithth ?aaioo i?aaiia noaea, i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey,
48
\ Aeoeaiia, eieoeeaoeaiia e i?aaeeueiia ?aoaiea aii-
?inia, noiyueo a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea,
oaaAEaeaao a?aaeaeai ;a iacuaeaiinoe niaaoneiai caeiia, a
iaioa?aoeiinoe ?ane?uoey eaaeaeiai i?anooieaiey e a oi
aea a?aiy nicaeaao o ieo oaa?aiiinoue a iai?eeiniiaai-
iinoe eo i?aa,
I?aaeeueiay i?aaiecaoeey ?aaiou i?ieo?aoo?u, no-
aea, i?aaiia eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe e
ieeeoeee a yoie noaaeee i?ioeanna ‘iiiiaaao oneeaieth
i?iaiaeeiuo eie i?ioeeaeoe/aneeo ia?ii?eyoee, ea-
i?’a;aeaiiuo ia enei?aiaiea oaieiaiuo i?aaiia?o-
oaiee.
Naiaa?aiaiiia e oiaeia i?eaea/aiea oaea a yoie
noaaeee i?ioeanna oe?ieie iauanoaaiiinoe e aeaeo eni?aa-
eaiey e ia?aainieoaiey i?aaiia?ooeoaeae niiniano-
aoao aeaeueiaeoaio oe?aieaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeii-
iinoe e niaaoneiai i?aaiii?yaeea,
3. AEO AICAOAEAeAIEss OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA E AAI
I?IOeANNOAEUeIUA IINEAAeNOAEss
Iaeaieaa iaaeyaeiui e ioaaonoaaiiui iiiaioii
ia?aie noaaeee i?ioeanna yaeyaony aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, iiae eioi?ui iiae?acoiaaaaony iaeiie?ao-
iia i?ioeannoaeueiia aeaenoaea, au?aaeathuaany a i?i-
oeannoaeueiii ioi?ieaiee ioeoeeaeueiiai ?aoaiey i oii,
/oi a aeaiiii neo/aa ia/eiaaony oaieiaiia aeaei. Ii
aeieaeai auoue ?acoeueoaoii aieiaoaeueiiai aiaeeca e nei-
oaca, ?acoeueoaoii iauaeoeaiie ioeaiee eiie?aoiuo oae-
oe/aneeo aeaiiuo, eiathueony iaiin?aaenoaaiii a naiii
ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea th i?anooieaiee eee iieo/aiiuo a
oiaea aai i?iaa?ee.
” Aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea eiaao i?aaeaea
anaai cia/aiea th?eaee/aneiai oaeoa, aeaeouaai aeey i?-
aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aei-
ciaiey iaycaiiinoue ouaoaeueii ?anneaaeiaaoue
aeaiiia aeaei, ?ane?uoue i?anooieaiea (anee iii aeaeno-
aeoaeueii eiaei ianoi) e eciaee/eoue aeiiaiuo. Eiaaea
ii aeaeo ia o?aaoaony i?iecaiaeeoue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?an-
neaaeiaaiea, ii aea/ao iaycaiiinoue aeey noaea ?anniio-
?aoue aeaei a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee.
4 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeae9 49
A oi aea a?aiy yoei aeoii iaoneiaeeaaaony i ? a/a i
i?aaia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey eee noaeaUssoa?-
oaoue anaaiciiaeiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey, o. a. eniieue-
ciaaoue aanue a?naiae i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii i?ioean-
noaeueiuo n?aaenoa, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey aaaeaiey^ oai-
eiaiiai aeaea.
N iiiaioa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea en/eney-
thony n?iee aaaeaiey aeiaiaiey e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaae-
noaey, a ii iaeioi?ui aeaeai – iaiin?aaenoaaiii n?iee
noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey (no. no. 121, 133 e 239 OIE
?NON?).
Ii aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey yoei aeoii i?aaeii?a-
aeaeythony i?aaeaeu noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. Iineaae-
iaa i?iecaiaeeony oieueei ii oai i?anooiiui aeaenoaeyi,
ii i?eciaeai eioi?uo aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei.
Anee, aeiionoei, a oiaea noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey aeaea
iinooiaao aeaeiaa n ano?a/iui iaaeiaieai, oi *ii no-
uanoao aicaoaeaeaaony iiaia oaieiaiia aeaei. Niaianoiia
?acae?aoaeuenoai yoeo aeae icia/aao oieueei iauaaeeiaiea
eo a iaeii i?iecaiaenoai.
Ii inoaeueiui aeaeai aeoii aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-
ai aeaea a ecaanoiie ia?a ii?aaeaeythony ?aiee i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, i?iecaiaeeiiai ii aeaiiiio
aeaeo. Yoi, ?acoiaaony, ia icia/aao, /oi neaaeiaaoaeue
(i?aai aeiciaiey) aeieaeai ?anneaaeiaaoue aeaei oieueei a
/anoe oao oaeoia, eioi?ua oeacaiu a iinoaiiaeaiee i
aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea. Auyaea oa eee eiua naaaeaiey i ii-
auo iauanoaaiii iianiuo oaeoao, ii ai?aaa e iaycai
i?eiyoue ana iaiaoiaeeiua ia?u e eo i?iaa?ea e auyn-
iaieth. Ii ia ethaie iiaue i?anooiiue oaeo, auyaeai-
iue i?aaiaie aeiciaiey e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey,
iiaeao ?anneaaeiaaoueny iiyoiio aea aeaeo. A ?yaea neo/aaa,
enoiaey ec i?aaeea ioiineiinoe, iaoa?eaeu i iiauo i?a-
nooiiuo oaeoao iiaeeaaeao auaeaeaieth a ae?oaia i?iec-
aiaenoai. Yoi, .iai?eia?, iiaeao eiaoue ianoi, anee a oiaea
?anneaaeiaaiey aeaea iaia?oaeeaaaony ia ecaanoiia aei
neo ii? i?anooiiia aeayiea, niaa?oaiiia ae?oaei eeoeii,
ia yaeythueiny nio/anoieeii iaaeiyaiiai ii aeaeo. Au-
aeaeaiea oaeeo iaoa?eaeia, inouanoaeyaiia n niaethaea-
ieai o?aaiaaiee no. 26 OIE ?NON?, iaeaa/aao e onei-
?yao onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu ii aeaeo.
Aeoii aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea anaaaea iaia-
/aaony ia?aiia/aeueiia iai?aaeaiea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
50
?anneaaeiaaiey, ii?aaeaeythony, oioy au a iaooeeo /a?oao,
eiie?aoiua eiioo?u i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ii aeaeo.
I?aaaea, aiineaaenoaee yoe eiioo?u iiaoo eciaieoueny,
?anoe?eoueny eee noceoueny. Aiciiaeii, iai?eia?, auya-
eaiea iiauo “i?anooiiuo oaeoia, iiaeeaaeaueo ?anneaaei-
aaieth ‘ii aeaiiiio aea aeaeo. Eee, .iaiai?io, iaeioi?ua ec
oao oaeoia, ii eioi?ui auei aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia
aeaei, iiaoo ioianoue, ieacaoueny eeai iai?anooiiuie, ee-
ai aiana ia nouanoaothueie a ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueii-
noe. I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi a oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey
i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey anaaaea ooi/iyaony, a eiiaaea oae-
oe/aneay oi?ioea iaaeiaiey e th?eaee/aneay eaaeeoe-
eaoeey aeayiey iaei iaiiieiatho oi, /oi auei oeacaii
ia?aiia/aeueii a iinoaiiaeaiee eee ii?aaeaeaiee i aic-
aoaeaeaiee aeaea. Ii yoei cia/aiea aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea ia oiaeyaony. Ana aea aei auiana-
iey iinoaiiaeaiey i i?eaea/aiee oiai eee eiiai ee-
oea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiy-
aiiai a aeaea ia auaaao eaeiai-eeai ae?oaiai ioeoeeaeue-
iiai aeoa, ii?aaeaeythuaai ‘i?aaeiao e i?aaeaeu aeieacu-
aaiey.
Aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea auiineony ii ii-
aiaeo i?anooiiiai oaeoa, eiinoaoe?oao aai iaee/ea. Ii
ii nai ii naaa ia yaeyaony aeinoaoi/iui aeieacaoaeueno-
aii oiai, /oi aeaiiia i?anooieaiea aannii?ii eiaei ia-
noi a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe e /oi i?e aeieaeiii, oi?ioai
?anneaaeiaaiee eiae/aneei i?iaeieaeaieai aeaea aeieaeii
auoue i?eaea/aiea oiai eee eiiai eeoea e oaieiaiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai. A ?acoeueoaoa
ouaoaeueiiai, ananoi?iiiaai ?anneaaeiaaiey aeaea iiaeao
auoue aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeaii, /oi oaeoe/anee ia auei
naiiai niauoey i?anooieaiey, oioy a ia?ae/iii iaoa-
?eaea i iai eiaeenue aaneea, oaaaeeoaeueiua enoiaeiua
aeaiiua. ?aaiui ia?acii, iiaoo auyaeoueny oaeea aaae-
iua, ii ?aiaa iaecaanoiua aeaoaee e?aaiia?ooaeey, a
neeo eioi?uo ioiaaeatho oa eee eiua i?eciaee ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey. Eee, iaeiiaoe, iiaeao iaia?oaeeoueny iaeii
ec i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a caeiia ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/ath-
ueo iniiaaiea aeey i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie ioaaono-
aaiiinoe (no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa). A’
iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo iaeuecy i?eciaoue aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea iaiainiiaaiiui e iacaeiiiui, anee a
51
ia?aie noaaeee i?ioeanna ia auei ?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe
i?aaeaeaeaoue ana yoi.
Aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eiinoaoe?oy
i?anooiiia aeayiea, nai ii naaa ia aiceaaaao ioaaonoaai-
oinoe ca eaai ia eaeia-eeai eiie?aoiia eeoei, ia aea/ao
ca niaie iiyaeaiey a oaieiaiii ‘i?ioeanna oeao?u iiaei-
c?aaaaiiai. Aeaaea a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea a ia?ae/iii ia-
oa?eaea niaea?aeaony oa eee eiua naaaeaiey ioiineoaeueii
oiai eeoea, eioi?ia a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaei-
aaiey iiaeao auoue i?eaea/aii e iaaeiaieth, niioaaono-
aothuaa iiaeic?aiea eiaao oieueei oaeoe/aneia cia/aiea
e ia yaeyaony i?ioeannoaeueii-i?aaiaui iineaaenoaeai
aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Oaeie auaiae auoa-
eaao ec niaea?aeaiey no. 52 OIE. ?NON?.
A oi aea a?aiy yoei aeoii iaoneiaeeaaaony i?aai
i?aaiia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey i?eia-
iyoue a iaeioi?uo, i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a caeiia neo-
/ayo ia?u i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioaeaeaiey. A /anoiinoe,
aiciiaeii caaea?aeaiea ii iniiaaieyi, i?aaeoniio?aiiui
no. 32 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Aeiionoeii
a eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo eca?aoue aei i?aaeuyaeaiey
iaaeiaiey ia?o i?ana/aiey, oioy e n oneiaeai a oa/a-
iea i?aaenoiyueo aeanyoe nooie i?aaeuyaeoue iaaeiaiea eee
ioiaieoue ia?o i?ana/aiey (no. 90 OIE ?NON?). Iinea
i?eiaiaiey yoeo ia? i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioaeaeaiey
ii aeaeo iiyaeyaony iiaeic?aaaaiue, iaaeaeaiiue ii?a-
aeaeaiiuie i?ioeannoaeueiuie i?aaaie. Ii yoi-iaii-
n?aaenoaaiiue ?acoeueoao caaea?aeaiey eee eca?aiey
ia?u i?ana/aiey, a ia aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea.
Anee i?anooieaieai i?e/eiai iaoa?eaeueiue oua?a,
oi a neeo aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea o i?aaiia
aeiciaiey e neaaenoaey aicieeaao iaycaiiinoue i?eiyoue
aeaenoaaiiua ia?u e aai aiciauaieth. I?e/ai yoe ia?u
ia naiaeyony e iaania/aieth a?aaeaeaineiai enea. Ii ni-
aaoneiio oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii’io caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao
ainnoaiiaeaiea ia?ooaiiiai i?anooieaieai iaoa?eaeue-
iiai ninoiyiey aiciiaeii aeaaea aac a?aaeaeaineiai enea.
Iai?eia?, aiciauaiea oua?aa, i?e/eiaiiiai oaeeie
aeayieyie, eae e?aaea, i?enaiaiea, auiiaaoaeuenoai e
o. ae., i?aaeiieaaaao i?aaeaea anaai ?icune auoaaeoeo ec,
aeaaeaiey nianoaaiieea iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae. ?i-
cuneaiiia eiouanoai aica?auaaony iioa?iaaoaio a
52
iaycaoaeueiii ii?yaeea, iacaaeneii io oiai, eiaaony ii-
yoiio iiaiaeo eneiaia cayaeaiea eee iao.
Ia?ii?eyoey ii aiciauaieth iaoa?eaeueiiai oua?-
aa, i?e/eiaiiiai i?anooieaieai, au?aaeathony:
a) a aeoeaiii ?icunea oo?a/aiiuo a ?acoeueoaoa
i?anooieaiey iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae e a aica?auaiee
eo nianoaaiieeo;
a) a auyniaiee iauaia iaianaiiiai oua?aa e e?oaa
eeoe, iaycaiiuo ianoe ca iaai iieioth eee /anoe/ioth
iaoa?eaeueioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue (iai?eia? ii aeaeai i
ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo);
a) a ii?aaeaeaiee ?acia?ia oie /anoe oua?aa,
eioi?ay ‘a aeaiiii eiie?aoiii neo/aa iiaeeaaeeo aicia-
uaieth, anee oua?a o?e/eiai aeaenoaeyie ?aai/aai
eee neoaeauaai, ninoiyuaai n iioa?iaaoae i?aaieca-
oeeae a o?oaeiauo ioiioaieyo, e anoue iniiaaiea i?eia-
iyoue i?eioeei ia?aie/aiiie iaoa?eaeueiie ioaaonoaai-
iinoe;
a) a onoaiiaeaiee aiciiaeiuo enoi/ieeia aiciaua-
iey oua?aa;
ae) a i?eiyoee ia? e iaania/aieth oeaeinoiinoe e nio-
?aiiinoe iaia?oaeaiiiai eiouanoaa; ;
a) a cayaeaiee, i?eiyoee e iiaeaea?aeaiee a?aaeaeai*;
neiai enea; . ‘
ae) a eniieiaiee noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a a /anoe a?aae-
aeaineiai enea eee oaeie ia?u iaeacaiey, eae aiceiaea-
iea iaycaiiinoe caaeaaeeoue i?e/eiaiiue a?aae (no. 32
OE ?NON?).
Iiiaea ec yoeo ia?ii?eyoee i?aaei?eieiathony a na-
iii ia/aea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey e iiyoiio
iiaoo n/eoaoueny neaaenoaeai aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea.
Aeoii aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea iaaeiaiea ia
oi?ioee?oaony. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi iaaeiaiea a
oaieiaii-i?aaiaii niunea icia/aao oi?ioeo, a naeaoii
aeaea au?aaeaiiia nouanoai onoaiiaeaiiiai ii aeaeo
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey. Iii ia?aiia/aeueii oi?ioee?o-
aony a iinoaiiaeaiee neaaeiaaoaey eee i?aaia aeiciaiey
i i?eaea/aiee eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea-
/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai, iineieueeo oieueei e iiiaioo nin-
oaaeaiey yoiai iinoaiiaeaiey a oaieiaiii aeaea nin?a-
aeioi/eaathony iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii i?iaa?aiiua aeiea-
53
caoaeuenoaa, onoaiaaeeaathuea ninoaa i?anooieaiey ai
anao yeaiaioao, ai anao nouanoaaiiuo /a?oao’. ”
Niioaaonoaaiii yoiio aeoii aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-
ai aeaea ia iaoneiaeeaaaony aicieeiiaaiea ooieoeee ia-
aeiaiey. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi iineaaeiyy iaoiaeeony
a i?aaie/aneii aaeeinoaa n iaaeiaieai a oaieiaii-i?a-
aiaii niunea. Iaaeieoaeueiay ooieoeey aac oi?ioeu
iaaeiaiey aani?aaeiaoia, a oi?ioea iaaeiaiey aac
iaaeieoaeueiie ooieoeee – ia?oaa. Iiyoiio aicieeii-
aaiea ooieoeee iaaeiaiey iaiuneeii, iiea ii oaieia-
iiio aeaeo niioaaonoaothuaa eeoei ia i?eaea/aii e oai-
eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai.
Ianeieueei eiia iieiaeaiea eiaao ianoi oieueei ii
aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey. Ii iei i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia
?anneaaeiaaiea ia i?iaiaeeony, iniaia iinoaiiaeaiea i
i?eaea/aiee eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/a-
noaa iaaeiyaiiai ia ninoaaeyaony. Iaaeiaiea oi?ioee-
?oaony iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeoii aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-
ai aeaea, i?e/ai yoio aeo yaeyaony aeinoaoi/iui aeey oi-
ai, /oiau auianoe aeaei ia noaeaaiia ?acae?aoaeuenoai e
/oiau iioa?iaaoee i?enooiee e eciaee/aieth eeoea,
i?ioea eioi?iai ia/aoi aeaei. Ii iaaei i?eciaoue, /oi a
yoeo neo/ayo aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea eiaao
iniaia cia/aiea, yaeyaony iaeiia?aiaiii aeoii i?eaea-
/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe e i?aaeaiey aai
noaeo. Oaeie ‘auaiae eiae/anee auoaeaao ec /. 4 no. 109
OIE ?NON?.
Aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea’eiaao ia/oi iauaa
e n iinoaiiaeaieai neaaeiaaoaey e i?aaia aeiciaiey i au-
aeaeaiee iaoa?eaeia ec oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ii yoi ia anaa-
aea. Auaeaeaiea iaoa?eaeia aeaea, eae ecaanoii, iiaeao
‘ Iai i?aaenoaaeyaony ianinoiyoaeueiui ?acuyniaiea Ieaioia
Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?NON? io 19 yiaa?y 1925 a. i oii, /oi iioeae-
?iaaiiia ii?aaeaeaiea noaea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oaeoo
eaeanaeaeaoaeuenoaa ?aaiicia/ii aeoo i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey
(ni.
iay i?aeoeea iioea ii oiio iooe, /oi ii yoei aeaeai oiaea ninoaa-
eyaony niaoeeaeueiia iinoaiiaeaiea i i?eaea/aiee aeiiaiiai e oai-
eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai. Yoi e iiiyoii,
eai niaaoneee noae ai?aaa i?eciaoue aeieacaiiui eee iaaeieacai-
iui, a oaeaea a onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii i?aaeaeao eciaieoue ia?ai-
ia/aeueiia iaaeiaiea. Ii ii ia iiaeao nai i?aaeuyaeoue iiaia ia-
aeiaiea, ia aa?y ia naay ooieoeeth i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u e i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
54
eiaoue ianoi ii ?aciui i?e/eiai. Anee, aeiionoei,
iaoa?eaeu aeaea auaeaeythony a nayce n aieaciueth iaeiiai
ec iaaeiyaiuo eee ec-ca oiai, /oi eoi-eeai ec iaaeiya-
iuo ne?ueny e ia ecaanoii ianoi aai i?aauaaiey, oi
caeanue iao naiinoiyoaeueiiai iniiaaiey aeey iiaiai oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. A yoii neo/aa i?aaeiaoii aeaea inoathony
oa aea naiua i?anooiiua aeayiey e auaeaeaiea /anoe ia-
oa?eaeia i ieo ia icia/aao, a nouiinoe, aicaoaeaeaiey
ae?oaiai oaieiaiiai aeaea. Eiaaea aea auaeaeythony iaoa-
?eaeu i i?anooiiii oaeoa, ia eiathuai ioiioaiey e
?anneaaeoaiui ii aeaeo i?anooieaieyi, oi niaa?oaiii
iaiyaony i?aaeiao aeaea e iinoaiiaeaiea neaaeiaaoaey
eee i?aaia aeiciaiey i auaeaeaiee iaoa?eaeia oaeoe/a-
nee i?eia?aoaao naienoaa aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey aoi?iai,
naiinoiyoaeueiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ii/oe aiaeiae/iay
ea?oeia iaaethaeaaony e i.?e auaeaeaiee ec aeaea iaoa-
?eaeia i i?anooiiii aeayiee, eioi?ia oioy e niaa?oaii
iaeiei ec iaaeiyaiuo ii aeaeo, ii ia naycaii n i?aaeuya-
eaiiui aio iaaeiaieai e ia iiaeao auoue ?anneaaeiaaii ii
aeaiiiio aeaeo. Caeanue oiaea aicieeaao iiaia oaieiaiia
aeaei, eiathuaa ioee/iue io ia?aiai aeaea i?aaeiao.
I?e/ai a iaieo ‘neo/ayo iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony [iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea
neaaeiaaoaey (i?aaia aeiciaiey), a iniiaaieai e oiio-
ia?ae/iua oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua i .iiaii ‘i?anooiiii oae-
oa, niaea?aeaueany a auaeaeyaiuo iaoa?eaeao. N i?ioean-
noaeueiie oi/ee c?aiey, a yoeo neo/ayo auei au aieaa
i?aaeeueii ninoaaeyoue aeaa aeieoiaioa: ‘iinoaiiaeaiea i
auaeaeaiee iaoa?eaeia ec aeaea e iinoaiiaeaiea i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii i?anooiiiio oaeoo, eioi-
?ue iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony auaeaeyaiuie iaoa?eaeaie. Ia?-
aue ec yoeo aeoia aeieaeai inoaaaoueny a ?anneaaeoaiii
aeaea, aoi?ie aianoa n auaeaeaiiuie iaoa?eaeaie aeie-
aeai auoue i?eiauai e i?iecaiaenoao ii iiaiio aeaeo.
Ii naiei i?ioeannoaeueiui iineaaenoaeyi aeo aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea eiaao iaeioi?ia noiaenoai
oaeaea n iinoaiiaeaieai i?ieo?i?a i aicaoaeaeaiee i?i-
ecaiaenoaa ii aiiaue ioe?uaoeiny ianoiyoaeuenoaai.-
Oaeia iinoaiiaeaiea, eae ecaanoii, auiineony a oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea iinea anooieaiey i?eaiai?a a caeiiioth
neeo a i?ieo?aoo?o iinooiaao cayaeaiea eee niiaua-
iea, iieacuaathuaa, /oi nouanoaotho iiaua, ia auaoea
ecaanoiuie noaeo i?e iinoaiiaeaiee i?eaiai?a ianoiy-
55
oaeuenoaa, eioi?ua naie ii naaa eee aiano^n ianoiy-
oaeuenoaaie, ?aiaa onoaiiaeaiiuie, aeieacuaatho iaae-
iiaiinoue inoaeaeaiiiai eee niaa?oaiea ei iaiaa oyaeei-
ai eee aieaa oyaeeiai i?anooieaiey, /ai oi, ca eioi?ia
ii aue inoaeaeai, a ?aaii aeieacuaatho aeiiaiinoue ii-
?aaaeaiiiai eee eeoea, a ioiioaiee eioi?iai aeaei auei
i?ae?auaii a noaea (i. 3 no. 384 e no. 38a OIE ?NON?) \
Yoei aeoii iaoneiaeeaaaony oaeaea i?aai i?iecaiaeeoue
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea. Iinea aai auianaiey
niaa?oathony ana iaiaoiaeeiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey n
niaethaeaieai ii?i oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, niae-
?athony noaeaaiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa./Iaeiaei, ianiio?y ia
yoi, iinoaiiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a i aicaoaeaeaiee i?iecaiae-
noaa ii aiiaue ioe?uaoeiny ianoiyoaeuenoaai ia iiaeao
auoue iieiinoueth i?e?aaiaii e aeoo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea. Iaaeaeo yoeie aeaoiy/i?ioeannoaeueiuie aeieo-
iaioaie eiaaony aanueia nouanoaaiiay ?acieoea. Ia?aue
ec ieo ia naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaee/ee iiaiai, aei neo ii?
iaecaanoiiai i?anooiiiai oaeoa. I?aaeiaoii i?iecaiae-
noaa, ia/aoiai ii iaio, (yaeythony ianoiyoaeuenoaa,
ioiinyueany ‘e ae?oaiio aeaeo. oioy ?aiaa e iaecaanoiua.
Yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa eiiaaea ^eiaoo iiaeoaa?aeeoue ionoono-
aea a aeaiiii neo/aa i?anooiiiai aeayiey eee ?acei
eciaieoue i?aaenoaaeaiea neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo i?-
; aaiia i niaa?oaiiii i?anooieaiee. A i?aeoeea i?aaiia
i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea Oaoa?neie ANN? a 1960 aiaeo aue,
iai?eia?, neo/ae, eiaaea iiaua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, ioe?ua-
oeany iinea anooieaiey a caeiiioth neeo i?eaiai?a ii
oaeoo ooeeaainoaa, iieacuaaee, /oi ooo eiaei ianoi ia
ooeeaainoai,’ a iaianaiea oyaeeeo oaeaniuo .’iia?aaeaea-
iee. Ii ana aea ai anao iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo, a ioee/ea io
aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ?a/ue eaeao ia ianoiy-
oaeuenoaao e oaeoao, aoiaeyueo a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey
ii ae?oaiio aeaeo. \
Ecaanoiue ‘eioa?an i?aaenoaaeyao aii?in i niioiioa-
iee aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea e ia/aea oai-
eiaiiai i?aneaaeiaaiey. A i?ioeannoaeueiie oai?ee ii
?aoaeny ii-oaciiio. \
?a.iueoa niaaoneea e?eieiaeenou aaeeiiaeooii enoi-
aeeee ec oiai, /oi aicaoaeeoue oaieia’eea aeaei-yoi e
cia/eo i?enooieoue e oaieiaiiio i?aneaaeiaaieth. 1. ,- aiai?ee I. N.
No?iaiae/2 e o. ae.
Ii a oi a?aiy ieeoi ec i?ioeannoaeenoia ya i?iaiaeee
a?aie iaaeaeo oaieiaiui i?aneaaeiaaieai e iaaeiaieai.
A ?acoeueoaoa yoiai iai?aoeaaeny auaiae i oii, /oi
iaaeiaiea oiaea ia/eiaaony iaiin?aaenoaaiii n aeoa aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iaaeaeo oai iiaeiaiue auaiae
i?ioeai?a/ee onoaiiaeaoaeny a Niaaoneii ainoaea?noaa
i?ioeannoaeueiie nenoaia, eioi?ay no?ieeanue oaeei ia?a-
cii, /oi ia?aiia/aeueiia iaaeiaiea oi?ioee?iaaeinue
oieueei a iinoaiiaeaiee i?aaia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey i i?eaea/aiee eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaono-
aaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai.
Anei?a a o/aaieea ii oaieiaiiio i?ioeanno I. N.
No?iaiae/ auaeaeioe iieiaeaiea, /oi oaieiaiia i?anea-
aeiaaiea aeiionoeii eeoue a ioiioaiee iaaeiyaiiai e iii
ia/eiaaony n iiiaioa i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey3. Yoi ii-
eiaeaiea iieo/eei aieaa iiae?iaiia inaauaiea a aai
?aaioa
i?aneaaeiaaieai iiae?acoiaaaao iaaeiaiea.
Iaeiaei ?yae i?ioeannoaeenoia auneacaeenue i?ioea oa-
eie o?aeoiaee aii?ina. Iie noaee ioee/aoue oaieiaiia
i?aneaaeiaaiea io iaaeiaiey. Oae, I. I. Iieyineee iiea-
aaao, /oi
3 Ni. I. N No?iaiae/, O/aaiee ii oaieiaiiio i?ioean-
no, I., 1938, no?. 106.
4 Ni.
Einoeoooa ainoaea?noaa e i?aaa Aeaaeaiee iaoe NNN?.
57
57
aeaenoaey, th?eaee/anee ioi?ieythuea oece/aneia i?anea-
aeiaaiea>1.
Oaeei ia?acii, aii?in noae aeeneonneiiiui. A yoie
nayce ia no?aieoeao aeo?iaea
iaaeaeo i?ioeannoaeenoaie. A caaa?oaiea aeeneonnee auea;
iiiauaia caeeth/eoaeueiay noaouey A. Iiciaineiai, e oi/-(
ea c?aiey eioi?iai i?eniaaeeieeanue e ?aaeaeoeey. A yoie
noaouea iainiiauaaaony oiaeaeanoaaiiinoue iiiyoee
I?e ?aoaiee oeacaiiiai auoa aii?ina iaaei n/e-
oaoue ianiiiaiiui, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei e oaieiaiia i?a-
neaaeiaaiea-iiiyoey ioithaeue ia oiaeaeanoaaiiua. Iiae-
ii ii-?aciiio o?aeoiaaoue niaea?aeaiea iiiyoey
iia i?aneaaeiaaiea iiaeao n/eoaoueny oieueei iaeiei ec yea-
iaioia i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Eia/a iaecaaaeii
eneaaeaiea nouanoaa niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna,
naaaeaiea aai e i?aneaaeiaaieth i?aaiia?ooeoaey. Iiyoi-
io aeaaea n oi/ee c?aiey oao i?ioeannoaeenoia, eioi?ua
aeiioneatho iaee/ea oaieiaiiai i?aneaaeiaaiey aei i?ea-
ea/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa ia-
aeiyaiiai, iaeuecy ioiaeaeanoaeyoue oa?ieiu
?anniao?eaaoueny eeoue eae iaeii ec i?ioeannoaeueiuo ii-
neaaenoaee aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A i?eioeeia ?aoaiea aii?ina i iiiaioa i?ioeanna, n
eioi?iai ia/eiaaony oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaaiea, aeieaeii
caaenaoue io oiai, eaeia niaea?aeaiea aeeaaeuaaaony a yoi
iiiyoea. Anee iiae oaieiaiui i?aneaaeiaaieai iiieiaoue
iaaeiaiea a i?ioeannoaeueiii niunea e iieueciaaoueny yoe-
ie oa?ieiaie eae neiiieiaie, oi i?aaenoaaeyaony niaa?-
. oaiii aannii?iui, /oi oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaaiea aicie-
eaao oieueei n iiiaioa i?eaea/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai. Yoi iauyniyaony
oai, /oi ooieoeey iaaeiaiey inouanoaeyaony a ioiioaiee
eeoea, i?eaea/aiiiai e iaaeiaieth. Iia au?aaeaaony a
eciaee/aiee aeaiiiai eeoea eae niaa?oeoaey i?anooiea-
‘ I. A. *aeueoeia, Niaaoneee oaieiaiue i?ioeann, I., 1951,
no?. 89.
2 Ni.
iey, naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi ii aeaeo anoue iaaeiyaiue,
oaieiaii ioaaonoaaiiia eeoei.
Anee oaieiaiui i?aneaaeiaaieai n/eoaoue e i?eiyoea
ia? i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioaeaeaiey e iiaeic?aaaaiiio,
oi aiieia eiae/ai auaiae i oii, /oi oaieiaiia i?aneaaei-
aaiea oe?a iaaeiaiey, a ?yaea neo/aaa ia/eiaaony aei
i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey – n iiiaioa caaea?aeaiey iiaei-
c?aaaaiiai eee eca?aiey e iaio ia?u ‘i?ana/aiey a ii?yae-
ea /. 2 no. 33 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Ii e
caeanue oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaaiea yaeyaony i?yiui, iaii-
n?aaenoaaiiui ?acoeueoaoii ia aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea, a ?aoaiey neaaeiaaoaey eee i?aaia aeiciaiey
i iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?eiyoue ia?u i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioae-
aeaiey e eeoeo aei i?eaea/aiey aai e oaieiaiie ioaaono-
aaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai.
Anee aea iiae oaieiaiui i?aneaaeiaaieai, enoiaey ec
oeeieiae/aneiai niunea naiie oa?ieiieiaee, iiae?aco-
iaaaoue iinoaiaiiia e oeaeaono?aieaiiia aeaeaeaiea ii
yiey aei iieiiai ?ane?uoey i?anooieaiey e eciaee/aiey
aeiiaiuo, oi iaaei i?eciaoue, /oi oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaa-
iea yaeyaony iaiouaieaiie /a?oie anao oao neaaenoaaiiuo
aeaenoaee, eioi?ua iai?aaeaiu ia auyaeaiea, niae?aiea
e i?iaa?eo
oaeuenoa. A yoii neo/aa oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaaiea aeieaeii
?anniao?eaaoueny eae iaeii ec i?ioeannoaeueiuo iineaaeno-
aee aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea1. Oaeia i?anea-
aeiaaiea, au?aaeathuaany a niae?aiee aeieacaoaeuenoa i?a-
nooieaiey, ia/eiaaony iaeiia?aiaiii n ia?aui neaaeno-
aaiiui aeaenoaeai i?aaia aeiciaiey eee i?aaeaa?eoaeueii-
ai neaaenoaey. I?e/ai yoe i?aaiu, niae?ay oaeea aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa, a oi aea a?aiy i?aneaaeotho, eciaee/atho noau-
aeoa i?anooieaiey, iineieueeo neaaeu ?anneaaeoaiiai i?a-
nooiiiai aeayiey – aai neaaeu.
I?e oaeii iiaeoiaea e aii?ino, i?aaenoaaeythuainy
iaeaieaa i?aaeeueiui, ioaeii n/eoaoue, /oi oaieiaiia
i?aneaaeiaaiea eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea, ia/e-
iaaony n ia?aiai aea oaaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaa-
iey, iacaaeneii io oiai, eiathony aeaiiua i ee/iinoe
1 A yoie nayce iaaacuioa?anii ioiaoeoue, /oi a no. no. 179 e
195 OIE ?oiuineie Ia?iaeiie ?anioaeeee i?yii aiai?yony i oii,
/oi oaieiaiia i?aneaaeiaaiea ia/eiaaony aicaoaeaeaieai oaieiaiiai
aeaea e au?aaeaaony a niae?aiee aeieacaoaeuenoa i?anooieaiey.
NI
i?aaiia?ooeoaey eee iao. Iaeuecy niaoeaaoue i?aneaaeoa-
iia aeeoei n iiaeic?aaaaiui, oae eae a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai
‘?anneaaeiaaiey aeaea iiaeao auynieoueny, /oi i?anooieaiea
niaa?oaii ia oai eeoeii, eioi?ia iiaeic?aaaeinue a iai.
I?aneaaeoaony ‘ia iiaeic?aaaaiue, a e’eoei, niaa?oeaoaa
i?anooiiia aeayiea e inoaaeaoaa i?e yoii
aea aeieacaoaeuenoa. Neaaeiaaoaeue (i?aai aeiciaiey) eaeao
ii neaaeai i?anooieaiey, iaionooiii neaaeoao ca oai ee-^
aeii, eioi?ia eo inoaaeei. Oeaiue yoeo
iauaeoeaioth naycue iaaeaeo aeayieai e aai noauaeoii, i?e
anae naiae caiooaiiinoe aaaeao e aeiiaiiio. Ii ia?a ia-
ia?oaeaiey aa ioaeaeueiua aaaiuey ii?iaeaeatho oi eee .eiia
iiaeic?aiea. Iiea eiaiauii iaei oaeia iiaeic?aiea, iao
iniiaaiey n/eoaoue yoi eeoei i?aneaaeoaiui, anee aoaeao
onoaiiaeaii, /oi aeaiiua
iu ia ei.
I?AAIU, ONEIAEss E II?ssAeIE AICAOAEAeAIEss
OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
AUAOAI?AOE*ANEEA iieiaeaiey, ecei-
aeaiiua a i?aaeuaeouae aeaaa ?aaiou, iicaiey-
tho ia?aeoe e ioaeaeueiui, eiie?aoiui i?iaea-
_, iai oaiu. Anoaao caaea/a i?iaiaeece?iaaoue
^ aii?inu ia i?aaiao, aicaoaeaeathueo oaieiaiua
aeaea, eo eiiiaoaioeee e iaaeci?a ca eo aeayoaeue/
iinoueth, i iiaiaeao, iniiaaiee e ii?yaeea aicaoaeaeaiey
aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna.
1. I?AAIU, OIIEIIII*AIIUA AICAOAEAeAOUe
OAIEIAIUA AeAEA, E EO EIIIAOAIOeEss
?aoaiea aii?ina i-aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea-
aaaeiay e ioaaonoaaiiay caaea/a, eiathuay iaiin?aaeno-
aaiiia ioiioaiea e oe?aieaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneie ca-
eiiiinoe e niaaoneiai i?aaiii?yaeea, e oneeaieth aa?ai-:
oee i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania a?aaeaeai. Yoa caaea/a
iiaeao oniaoii auiieiyoueny oieueei eeoeaie, eioi?ua
oi?ioi ciatho aeaenoaothuea ii?iaoeaiua aeou, niinia-
iu aeaoue i?aaeeueioth iieeoeei-i?aaiaoth ioeaieo oae-
‘?1
oai e ii?aaeaeeoue noaiaiue eo iauanoaaiiie iianii-
noe, ianoo no?iaoth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca eaaeaeia naia
aeaenoaea.
Niaaoneei ainoaea?noaii ia ?aoaiea aeaiiiai ai-
i?ina oiieiiii/aiu oieueei ii?aaeaeaiiua i?aaiu e
aeieaeiinoiua eeoea, oi/ii oeacaiiua a caeiia. Niioaao-
noaaiii no. 3 Iiiia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eie
yaeythony i?ieo?i?, noae, neaaeiaaoaeue e i?aaiu aeicia-
iey. Ana inoaeueiua o/?aaeaeaiey, i?aaiecaoeee e eeoea^a
oii /enea iioa?iaaoee io i?anooieaiey, iiaoo (eiiaaea
aeaaea iaycaiu) niiaueoue yoei i?aaiai i i?anooiiuo
oaeoao e o?aaiaaoue io ieo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-
ea, ii iie naie ia ai?aaa i?eiyoue eaeia-eeai i?ioean-
noaeueiia ?aoaiea.
Ia aiieia i?aaeeueii ano?a/athuaany a i?ioeannoaeue-
iie eeoa?aoo?a iieiaeaiea, /oi ii aeaeai /anoiiai e
/anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oaieia-
iua aeaea i?eiaaeeaaeeo oaeaea ioaeaeueiui a?aaeaeaiai,
iioa?iaaoei io i?anooieaiey1. A yoeo neo/ayo io aiea-
ecuyaeaiey iioa?iaaoaai caaeneo iaee/ea eee ionoo-
noaea iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, iineieue-
eo oaeei iiaiaeii, a aeaea iauaai i?aaeea, i?eciaaony
oieueei aai aeaeiaa. Ii e?oa eeoe, eiathueo .i?aai ia
aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia iaiyaony. I?ioean-
noaeueiia ?aoaiea ii aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai, eae e ii
anyeiio ae?oaiio ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo i i?anooiea-
iee, i?eieiaaony i?aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea e i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. Iioa?iaaoee iiaeao ia
niaeaneoueny n yoei ?aoaieai, iaaeae?aaoue aai, iaeiaei
i?aai naiinoiyoaeueii aicaoaeeoue aeaei aio ia i?aaei-
noaaeaii.
Aianoa n oai iaaei eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi i?aaiu e eeoea,
ia?a/eneaiiua a no. 3 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa, iaaeaeaiu ?acee/iuie, iieiiii/eyie. Iaeuecy
i?eciaoue oaea/iui ooaa?aeaeaiea, /oi 2. Caeii, iaiai?io, ii?aaeaeyao eo eiiiaoai-
‘ Ni. A. ss. Auoeineee, Eo?n oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, I.,
1927, no?. 145;
2 I. A. * a e ue oe i a, Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea ii ii-
aiio OIE ?NON?,
oeeth ii-?aciiio, a neeo /aai iaiaoiaeeii ?anniio?aoue
eaaeaeue ec yoeo i?aaiia e eeoe ioaeaeueii.
Noaouey 3 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nithca
NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee a /enea eeoe, oiieiiii/ai-
iuo aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, iacuaaao i?aaeaea ana-
ai i?ieo?i?a, eiay a aeaeo anao i?ieo?i?ia, ia/eiay
io ?aeiiiuo e eii/ay Aaia?aeueiui I?ieo?i?ii NNN?,
e eo caianoeoaeae (iiiiuieeia).
.
Ia?aaea/a iaoa?eaeia neaaeiaaoaeth iiaeao eiaoue ianoi
eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea iieo/aiiue e ?anniio?aiiue i?i-
eo?i?ii iaoa?eae niaea?aeeo aeinoaoi/ii yniua oeacaiey
ia eiie?aoiua oaeou i?anooieaiey. A yoii neo/aa ‘i?i-
eo?i?… nai aicaoaeaeaao aeaei naiei iioeae?iaaiiui
iinoaiiaeaieai>. Yoi aea o?aaiaaiea io/aoeeai au?a-
aeaii a i?eeaca Aaia?aeueiiai I?ieo?i?a NNN? io 19
ethiy 1954 a. ? 3/114, a eioi?ii ioia/aaony, /oi iinoo-,
ieaoea a i?ieo?aoo?o iaoa?eaeu i i?anooieaieyo aeie, I., 1939,
no?. 154;
ii iauaeoeaiui, ia caaenyuei io ieo i?e/eiai ia
iiaoo ?anniio?aoue eo aacioeaaaoaeueii;
a) anee a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea eiathony naaaeaiey
i i?anooieaiee, eiathuai ioiioaiea e iaoiaeyuaiony a,
i?iecaiaenoaa aeaiiiai neaaeiaaoaey oaieiaiiio aeaeo,.
e iioiio ?aoaiea aii?ina i oii, o?aaoaony ee aicaoae-
aeaiea ii yoiio iaoa?eaeo iiaiai aeaea, oeaeaniia?aciaa
i?aaeinoaaeoue neaaeiaaoaeth. I?e/ai aeaaea i?e yoeo on-
eiaeyo oaeay ia?aaea/a aiciiaeia eeoue iinoieueeo, ii-
neieueeo yoi ia a?aaeeo oniaoiiio ?anneaaeiaaieth iaoi-
aeyueony -a i?iecaiaenoaa neaaeiaaoaey oaieiaiuo aeae.
A ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo, i?e iaee/ee oeacaiiuo auoa
oneiaee, i?ieo?i? iiaeao ia?aaeaoue neaaeiaaoaeth ia?ae/-
iue iaoa?eae i i?anooieaiee, ?anneaaeiaaiea eioi?iai
caeiiii ioianaii e eiiiaoaioeee i?aaiia aeiciaiey. Ia-
iaoiaeeiinoue a yoii aicieeaao oiaaea, eiaaea ii aicaoae-
aeaaiiio aeaeo a neeo oao eee eiuo i?eioeeieaeueiuo ni-
ia?aaeaiee”o?aaoaony i?iaaaeaiea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey.
Ia?aaea/a .ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea i i?anooieaiee
ec i?ieo?aoo?u a i?aaiu aeiciaiey aeiionoeia eeoue
i?e oneiaee, anee ii caeiio aicaoaeaeaaiia aeaei iiae-
neaaenoaaiii ei. Eiaaea ?a/ue eaeao i i?anooieaiee, ii
eioi?iio caeii o?aaoao i?iaaaeaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey, i?ieo?i? ia ai?aaa ia?aaeaoue ia?ae/iue ia-
oa?eae i?aaiai aeiciaiey aeey ?aoaiey aii?ina i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo i?aa-
iai aeiciaiey iiaeao auoue aeaii oieueei oeacaiea i i?i-
aaaeaiee ioaeaeueiuo iia?aoeaiuo ia?ii?eyoee n oai,
/oiau i?ieo?i? iieo/ee aiciiaeiinoue i?eiyoue i?aaeeue-
iia i?ioeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo.
Iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ei iiaeii aeaaaoue
ioaeaeueiua ii?o/aiey i i?iecaiaenoaa ?icuneiuo e neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee. Yoi auoaeaao ec niunea no. 19 Ii-
eiaeaiey i i?ieo?i?neii iaaeci?a a NNN?.
Ae?oaei eeoeii, eiathuei i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oai-
eiaiua aeaea, a niioaaonoaee ni no. 3 Iniia oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yaeyaony neaaeiaaoaeue. Caeanue eiathony
a aeaeo neaaeiaaoaee, noa?oea neaaeiaaoaee e neaaeiaaoaee
ii iniai aaaeiui aeaeai i?ieo?aoo?u, a oaeaea neaaeiaa-
oaee i?aaiia Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie ‘aaciianiinoe.
Iniiaiay caaea/a yoeo eeoe-?anneaaeiaaiea iaeai-
eaa na?ueaciuo i?anooieaiee, ane?uoea eiie?aoiuo on, oaeoe/anee
niinianoaoao oneeaieth caaeneiinoe neaaeiaaoaey io i?ieo?i?a,
i?aa?auaieth aai a iineooiia i?oaeea a ?oeao iaaeieoaey.
66
I?e/ai caeanue eiathony a aeaeo i?aeiouanoaaiii iauano-
aaiii iianiua aeayiey, ?anneaaeiaaiea eioi?uo caeiiii
ioianaii e eiiiaoaioeee i?aaiia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaae-
noaey. Eiaaea e neaaeiaaoaeth iinooiatho naaaeaiey i i?a-
.nooiiii aeayiee, ii eioi?iio aeinoaoi/ii i?iaaaeaiey
aeiciaiey, oi aio neaaeoao aicaoaeeoue aeaei oieueei i?e
oneiaee, anee ii aeaeo iaiaoiaeeii niaa?oeoue iaioeiae-
iua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey ii i?aaeioa?auaieth eee i?a-
na/aieth i?anooieaiey e ii cae?aieaieth aai neaaeia.
A inoaeueiuo neo/ayo ii ia?aie/eaaaony iai?aaeaieai
ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea i oaeii i?anooieaiee a niioaao-
noaothuea i?aaiu aeiciaiey (no. ‘no. 114, 125 OIE
?NON?).
Neaaeiaaoaeue, iaeiiaoe, ?ac?aoaao naaaeaiey i i?a”
nooieaiee ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo, ia?aaeaiiiio aio
i?ieo?i?ii a neeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, i eioi?uo iaie aiai-
?eeinue auoa. A yoii neo/aa iaeiia?aiaiii n ia?aaea/ae
iaoa?eaea i?ieo?i? aeaao aio ii?aaeaeaiiia oeacaiea,
eioi?ia a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
eiaioaony .
A yoie nayce aicieeaao aii?in: a eaeie ia?a nea-
aeiaaoaeue naycai i?aaeeiaeaieai i?ieo?i?a ii ia?ae/-
iiio iaoa?eaeo, iaycuaaao ee iii aai aicaoaeeoue oaieia-
iia aeaei ai /oi au oi ie noaei?
Ecaanoii, /oi i?ieo?i? ?oeiaiaeeo anae ?aaioie
neaaeiaaoaey ‘e a niioaaonoaee ni no. 20 Iieiaeaiey i
i?ieo?i?neii iaaeci?a a NNN? ai?aaa aeaaaoue aio iay-
caoaeueiua oeacaiey. Ii yoi ioithaeue ia eneeth/aao i?i-
oeannoaeueiie naiinoiyoaeueiinoe neaaeiaaoaey, ia nieia-
ao n iaai ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca naie aeaenoaey. Niaaoneee^
neaaeiaaoaeue-ia uaae?eineee noaeuey, /oiau ?annoae^
aeaoue:
ny ioaaonoaaiiui ?aaioieeii, eiathuei iaiaoiaeeioth
iieeoe/aneoth e th?eaee/aneoth iiaeaioiaeo. Ii iaycai
?aoeoaeueii ‘ane?uaaoue eiathueany e aiciiaeiua i?ioe-
ai?a/ey a oaeoao, aac aeiiuneia e i?aoaaee/aiee, ?oei-
aiaenoaoynue caeiiii e nioeeaeenoe/aneei i?aainicia-
ieai ioeaieaaoue cia/aiea oao eee eiuo oaeoe/aneeo
‘ I. A. Naeoueia-Uaae?ei, Ni/., o. 2, no?. 272.
5*
67
aeaiiuo aeey aeaea. Ii aeaenoaoao iiae ?oeiaiaenoaii i?i-
eo?i?a, ii ii naiaio ‘aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth, iany
iieioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca eaaeaeia aeaenoaea. ?oeiaiae-
noai i?ieo?i?a ia iiaeao neiauaaoue eieoeeaoeao neaaei-
aaoaey, inouanoaeyoueny iaoiaeii aeeeoaoa. Iai?ioea,
iii aeieaeii inouanoaeyoueny oae, /oiau neaaeiaaoaeue.
eiay oaa?aeia oaaaeaeaiea, ?aniieaaae iieiie aiciiae-
iinoueth i?iyaeoue naiinoiyoaeueiinoue, au?aceoue naia
iiaiea.
Iiyoiio i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a ii ia?ae/iiio
iaoa?eaeo ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny i?eeacii aaciaiai?i/-
ii aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei. Aai neaaeoao ?anoeaieaaoue
eae oeacaiea neaaeiaaoaeth, /oiau iineaaeiee ?anniio-
?ae ia?aaeaiiue aio ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae e i?eiye i?i-
oeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea. A yoii niunea i?aaeeiaeaiea i?i-
eo?i?a aeey neaaeiaaoaey .aaconeiaii iaycaoaeueii. Ii
eiaaea ?aoaaony aii?in i oii, aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei
ii aeaiiiio iaoa?eaeo eee iao, neaaeiaaoaeth iaaeeaaeeo
e?eoe/anee ‘ioianoenue e iieo/aiiiio iaoa?eaeo, i?e-
iyoue ?aoaiea ii naiaio aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth a
niioaaonoaee n caeiiii e eiathueieny oaeoe/aneeie
aeaiiuie,
I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi a caaeneiinoe io naieno-
aa oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, niaea?aeaueony a ia?ae/iii
iaoa?eaea ia oaieiaiii i?aaiia?ooaiee, i?aaeeiaeaiea
i?ieo?i?a ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o auaaao’aeaiyeiai ?iaea.
Iiyoiio ia anaaaea iaeeiaeiau e aai i?ioeannoaeueiua
iineaaenoaey.
Ano?a/athony neo/ae, eiaaea aeayiea, i eioi?ii ai-
ai?eony a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea, ianoieueei i/aaeaeii,
/oi aai nouanoaiaaiea ie o eiai ‘ia aucuaaao niiiaiey.
N/eoay aeayiea i?anooiiui e ia eiay nai aiciiaeiinoe
(iai?eia?, aaeaeo iaiaoiaeeiinoe n?i/iiai auacaea) au-
ianoe i?ioeannoaeueii ioi?ieaiiia ?aoaiea i aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?ieo?i? i?aaeeaaaao neaaeiaaoa-
eth ia/aoue aeaei ii i?eciaeai ii?aaeaeaiiie noaouee oai-
eiaiiai caeiia. Neaaeiaaoaeue, iieo/ea oaeia aiieia
eiie?aoiia oeacaiea, ia niaeaoaaony n iiaieai i?i-
eo?i?a, n/eoaao, /oi aeaiiia aeayiea a neeo oao eee eiuo
ianoiyoaeuenoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a caeiia, ia niaea?aeeo
c naaa i?eciaeia ninoaaa i?anooieaiey. A aeaiiii neo-
/aa ?a/ue eaeao i i?eioeeieaeueiii ?aciiaeanee iaaeaeo
i?ieo?i?ii e neaaeiaaoaeai “ii eiie?aoiiio aii?ino.
?aciiaeanea eanaaony aii?ina i noaiaie iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe, i?anooiiinoe aeayiey, aii?ina ia iniiaaiee
oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Iiyoiio iaaei iieaaaoue, /oi
neaaeiaaoaeue ai?aaa ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny no. 30 Iniia
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo
?anioaeee. Ii aeieaeai, ia auiiny iinoaiiaeaiey ia io-
eaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ienueiaiii ecei-
aeeoue naie aic?aaeaiey e i?aaenoaaeoue iaoa?eae auoa-
noiyuaio i?ieo?i?o’.
Ii eiatho ianoi e neo/ae, eiaaea, i?aaeaea /ai oo-
aa?aeaeaoue i iaee/ee oaieiaiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, ia-
iaoiaeeii ouaoaeueii ?acia?aoueny a ia?ae/iii iaoa?e-
aea, eiaaea nai i?ieo?i? aaeaeo oeacaiiuo auoa i?e-
/ei ia a ninoiyiee naeaeaoue ii iaoa?eaeo ii?aaeaeai-
iue eiie?aoiue auaiae. Caeanue i?ieo?i? iiaeao i?aaeie-
naoue neaaeiaaoaeth oieueei ?anniio?aoue ia?ae/iue ia-
oa?eae i i?anooieaiee, ia i?aae?aoay iaee/ey eee io-
noonoaey iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Neaaeiaaoaeue a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo ia iieo/aao io i?i-
eo?i?a aioiaiai ?aoaiey. Ii aeieaeai aieiaoaeueii i?i-
aiaeece?iaaoue iaoa?eae e i?eiyoue eiie?aoiia i?ioean-
noaeueiia ?aoaiea ii naiaio oaaaeaeaieth enoiaey ec ca-
“eiia e eiathueony iauaeoeaiuo aeaiiuo. Anee neaaei-
aaoaeue i?eaeao e auaiaeo, /oi iao iniiaaiee aicaoaeeoue
oaieiaiia aeaei, oi aio neaaeoao auianoe iinoaiiaeaiea
ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea. I?ieo?i? a neo/aa ia-
niaeaney n oaeei ?aoaieai ai?aaa ioiaieoue iinoaiia-
eaiea neaaeiaaoaey e auianoe ae?oaia, aa?y anth ioaaono-
aaiiinoue ca iiaia ?aoaiea ee/ii ia naay.
?acoiaaony, neaaeiaaoaeue ia anipai&e ia niaeaoaoueny
n i?aaeeiaeaieai i?ieo?i?a ia iniiaa aieuo i?aaeiieiaea-
iee eee ii noaoai noauaeoeaiui i?e/eiai. Aeey yoiai
ii aeieaeai eiaoue oaa?aeia, iauaeoeaii iainiiaaiiia
oaaaeaeaiea, iiaee?aieaiiia eiie?aoiuie oaeoe/aneeie
aeaiiuie. Ia iai eaaeeo iaycaiiinoue ioiineoueny e nai-
ei oaaaeaeaieyi e?eoe/anee, eeoiee ?ac i?iaa?eoue na-
* Yoi iieiaeaiea iaoiaeeo i?yiia iiaeoaa?aeaeaiea a iaeiii ec
oeacaiee Iaoiaee/aneiai niaaoa I?ieo?aoo?u NNN?, aaea iiae/a?-
eeaaeinue, /oi i?e iieo/aiee io i?ieo?i?a
(, I., 1947, no?. 53),
ay, ii/aio o iaai neiaeeeinue oaeia oaaaeaeaiea, iiaeaa?-
aaoue e?eoeea naie auaiaeu, ouaoaeueii aiaeece?iaaoue eo.
.Ii anee e iinea anaai yoiai neaaeiaaoaeue ia ‘niaeanai
n i?aaeeiaeaieai i?ieo?i?a, oi ii ia oieueei ia iaycai,
ii aeaaea ia ai?aaa no?aieoueny ?ac?aoeoue ?aciiaeaney
n i?ieo?i?ii
iniiaa.
Oaeay iinoaiiaea aii?ina aiieia niioaaonoaoao Ii-
eiaeaieth i i?ieo?i?neii iaaeci?a a ‘NNN? e Iniiaai
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nithca GCP e nithciuo
?anioaeee, iaiaoeaoei eo?n ia aeaeueiaeoaa oneeaiea
i?ioeannoaeueiie naiinoiyoaeueiinoe neaaeiaaoaey, nicaeaa-
oei aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeiua i?aaeiinueee e eciaiea-
oei oa?aeoa? acaeiiioiioaiee neaaeiaaoaey e i?ieo-
?i?a a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna.
Neaaeiaaoaee i?aaiia Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie
aaciianiinoe ?aoatho aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea ii ia?ae/iui iaoa?eaeai, a eioi?uo eiathony. ‘
aeaiiua i ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?anooieaieyo, ia?a/eneai-
iuo a no. 28 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Nthaea
ioiinyony oaeea oya/aeoea aeayiey, eae eciaia ?iaeeia;
oieiiaae; oa??i?enoe/aneee aeo; oa??i?enoe/aneee aeo
i?ioea i?aaenoaaeoaey ‘eiino?aiiiai ainoaea?noaa; aeeaa?-
ney; a?aaeeoaeuenoai; aioeniaaoneay aaeoaoeey e i?iia-
aaiaea; i?aaiecaoeeiiiay aeayoaeueiinoue, iai?aaeaiiay e
niaa?oaieth iniai iianiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?anooiea-
iee; o/anoea a aioeniaaoneie i?aaiecaoeee; iniai iian-
‘iua ainoaea?noaaiiua i?anooieaiey, niaa?oaiiua i?i-
oea ae?oaiai ainoaea?noaa o?oaeyueony; ianniaua aanii-
?yaeee. Anee ^neaaeiaaoaeth Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie
aaciianiinoe iinooiaao niiauaiea eee cayaeaiea ia
eiii i?anooieaiee, oi ii ia?aie/eaaaony i?ai?iaiaeaea-
ieai aai a niioaaonoaothuea i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u eee
ieeeoeee. Oieueei a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo, ‘eiaaea aeaoue oa-
eie oiae niiauaieth (cayaeaieth) iaaiciiaeii aac niaa?-
oaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeueii iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee ii i?aaeioa?auaieth ee’e i?ana/aieth i?anooiea-
iey e ii cae?aieaieth ‘iaeioi?uo aeieacaoaeuenoa ii
iiaoo aicaoaeeoue iaiiaeneaaenoaaiiia ei aeaei.
Iinea i?eiyoey oaeeo iaioeiaeiuo ia? iiaeiaiia
aeaei aeieaeii auoue iaiaaeeaiii iai?aaeaii ii iiaeneaae-
noaaaeiinoe,
70 ,
Neaaeothuei i?aaiii, aicaoaeaeathuei oaieiaiua
aeaea, Iniiau oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iacuaatho
noae (no. 3). Iieiiii/ey noaeaaiuo o/?aaeaeaiee a yoie
/anoe iiaoo inouanoaeyoueny noaeueyie aaeeiiee/ii, noaeii
ia?aie einoaioeee, ?anniao?eaathuei aeaei ii nouanoao,
?anii?yaeeoaeueiui canaaeaieai noaea e a ‘iaeioi?uo neo-
/ayo noaeii eannaoeeiiiie eee iaaeci?iie einoaioeee.
I?aaii aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea aaeeiiee/ii a
iniiaiii iieuecothony ia?iaeiua noaeuee. Aeey caueou nai-
eo i?aa oe?ieea neie ianaeaiey ia?auathony i?aaeaea
anaai e iei. Yoi iaoneiaeeaaaony iieiaeaieai ia?iae-
iiai noaea a niaaoneie noaeaaiie nenoaia, eae noaea in-
iiaiiai aaaia, a iaeneiaeueiie noaiaie aeeceiai e
ianaeaieth i ?anniao?eaathuaai iiaeaaeythuaa aieue-
oeinoai aeae.
Oaeoe/anee noaeuee aaeeiiee/ii aicaoaeaeatho aeaaiui
ia?acii oaeea aeaea, ii eioi?ui ia o?aaoaony i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey (aeaea /anoiiai iaaeiaiey).
Ionthaea ia?aaeei aeaeaaony auaiae, /oi a inoaeueiuo neo-
/ayo noaeuey aaeeiiee/ii ia ai?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue oaieia-
iua aeaea e aeieaeai ia?aie/eoueny iai?aaeaieai iaoa-
?eaeia i i?anooieaieyo i?ieo?i?o’. A neeo yoiai iaei-
oi?ua i?ieo?i?u e neaaeiaaoaee, iieo/ea aeey ?anneaaei-
aaiey aicaoaeaeaiiia noaeueae oaieiaiia aeaei, aoi?e/ii
?aoatho aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oae, iaeei ec ia?iaeiuo noaeae, ?anniio?aa niiaua-
iea noaeaaiiai eniieieoaey i ceinoiii oeeiiaiee io
oieaou aeeiaioia a?-ia I., auian iinoaiiaeaiea i aic-
aoaeaeaiee ii yoiio oaeoo oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘ii i?ecia-
eai no. 158 O E ?NON? 1926 aiaea. I?ieo?i? ai?iaea,
iieo/ea aeaei, ia?aaeae aai neaaeiaaoaeth
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iiaeiaiua yaeaiey ia i?aeoeea ano?a/athony ia-
?aaeei. Iaaeaeo oai yoi ia niioaaonoaoao caeiio, aaaeao
e eneonnoaaiiiio ia?aie/aieth i?aa noaeae. Ie “Iniiau
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, 1ie ‘aeaenoaothuea oaieia-
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?anioaeee ia noa-
ayo i?aai noaeuee aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei a caaene-
iinoue io oa?aeoa?a i?anooieaiey, ia ia?aie/eaatho yoi
‘ Ni.
ei. 3., I., 1949, no?. 66.
71
i?aai ?aieaie aeae /anoiiai iaaeiaiey. Oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON? i?yii ‘i?aaeoniao?eaaao,
/oi noaeuey, aicaoaeea oaieiaiia aeaei, ai?aaa iai?aaeoue
aai aeey i?iecaiaenoaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aei-
ceaiey (i. 3 no. 115). Iiyoiio neaaeoao i?eciaoue, /oi ni-
aa?oaiii i?aaeeueii iinooiatho oa noaeuee, eioi?ua a ‘ia-
iaoiaeeiuo neo/ayo aicaoaeaeatho oaeaea aeaea, o?aaothuea
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
A i?eioeeia noaeuee aaeeiiee/ii iiaoo aicaoaeeoue oai-
eiaiia aeaei iacaaeneii io oiai, o?aaoaony ii aeaeo
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea eee iao. Ionthaea, iae-
iaei, iaeuecy aeaeaoue auaiae, /oi iie anaaaea aeieaeiu aea-
eaoue yoi. Aaeaeo iaiieiiou eiathueony ia?ae/iuo aeai-
iuo i i?anooieaiee eee ec-ca iaiaoiaeeiinoe aacioea-
aaoaeueiiai aiaoaoaeuenoaa i?aaiia aeiciaiey e i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey, iiae/an ?aoaiea noaeueae aaeeiiee/-
ii aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii ia?ae/-
iiio iaoa?eaeo, iai?aaeaiiiio a noae, iaoeaeaniia?acii.
Aoaeao i?aaeeueiaa iieaaaoue, /oi noaeuee iaycaiu
aicaoaeeoue aeaei, ii eioi?iio o?aaoaony i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iia ?anneaaeiaaiea, a neo/aa, eiaaea i?anooiiia aeayiea
auyaeyaony a oiaea eo neoaeaaiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Yoi, a
/anoiinoe, eiaao ianoi, anee i?e i?iaa?ea ?aaiou ii
eniieiaieth noaeaaiuo i?eaiai?ia e ?aoaiee iaia?oaee-
aaaony oaeo ?ano?aiaee?eaaiey eai-eeai ioaeaiiiai aio
ia o?aiaiea eiouanoaa eee oaeo ceinoiiai oeeiiaiey
io oieaou aeeiaioia eee anee i?e ?anniio?aiee ia-
oa?eaeia i iaeeii ooeeaainoaa eee i iaeeie niaeoey-
oeee auyaeythony i?eciaee i?anooiiiai ooeeaainoaa, i?a-
nooiiie niaeoeyoeee e o. ae.
Anee aea noaeuey iieo/aao naaaeaiey i iiaea?a, ia ia-
ia?oaeaiee /aeiaa/aneiai o?oia n i?eciaeaie ianeeue-
noaaiiie nia?oe eee ia eiuo oaeiai ?iaea oaeoao, oi
ii ia iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoue iniio? ianoa i?ienoanoaey
e eiua aeaenoaey, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey i?iaa?ee iniiaaiey
e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea eee aeey cae?aieaiey
neaaeia i?anooieaiey. A oaeeo neo/ayo noaeueyi neaaeoao
ia?aie/eoueny niiauaieai ia ecaanoiuo ei oaeoao i?i-
eo?i?o, neaaeiaaoaeth eee i?aaiai aeiciaiey. Yoi aeeeoo-
aony o?aaiaaieai ‘iaaeiionoeiinoe niaiauaiey a iaeiii
eeoea ooieoeee noaeuee e neaaeiaaoaey, a oaeaea niia?aaea-
ieyie, naycaiiuie n iaania/aieai oniaoa a ?ane?uoee
i?anooieaiee e eciaee/aiee aeiiaiuo.
72
Noae a eieeaaeaeueiii ninoaaa aicaoaeaeaao oaieia-
iia aeaei, anee ai a?aiy noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa ae?o6
aiai aeaea iaia?oaeeaaao, /oi:
a) eoi-eeai ec naeaeaoaeae, yenia?oia eee ia?aaiaea
/eeia aeaao caaaaeiii eiaeiia iieacaiea, caeeth/aiea ee*
ai ia?aaiae; –
a) anoue aeaiiua i niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey eai–
eeai ec eeoe, ia i?eaea/aiiuo e aeaeo a ea/anoaa iaae-a
‘iyaiiai;
a) iiaenoaeeiue, e?iia ?anniao?eaaaiiai a noaea aea-
yiey, niaa?oee ae?oaia i?anooieaiea, ia naycaiiia n
ia?aui e o?aaothuaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey eee
aeiciaiey.
A aeaoo iineaaeieo neo/ayo ioaeaeueiia aeaei aicaoae-
aeaaony oieueei i?e oneiaee, anee iii a niioaaonoaee n
o?aaiaaieyie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia nithc-
iuo ?anioaeee ia iiaeeaaeeo iauaaeeiaieth a iaeii i?i-‘
ecaiaenoai n ?anniao?eaaaiui aeaeii. Eia/a iiaiai aea-
ea ia aicaoaeaeaaony, eiathuaany a noaea aeaei iai?aaey-
aony /a?ac i?ieo?i?a i?aaiai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea”>
aeiaaiey aeey eciaiaiey iaaeiaiey eee aeey i?eaea/aiey
e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiauo eeoe (no. no. 26,255-
256 OIE ?NON? e niioaaonoaothuea noaouee oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiuo ‘eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee).
Noae ia?aie einoaioeee aeieaeai ?aoeoue aii?in i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea oaeaea oiaaea, eiaaea ii noae-
eeaaaony n i?anooiiui oaeoii i?e ?anniio?aiee a?aae- e
aeaineiai aeaea (iai?eia?, iiaeeiaii aeieoiaioa, ceino-
‘iui ooeeaainoaii, a?oaui ia?ooaieai i?aaee oaoieee
aaciianiinoe e o. ae.). Iaeuecy i?eciaoue ii?iaeueiui>
neo/ae, eiaaea noae, oniio?aa i?eciaee i?anooieaiey a
aeaenoaeyo iaeiie ec noi?ii, ia ?aoaao yoiai aii?ina.
Oae iinooiee, iai?eia?, ia?iaeiue noae 2-ai o/anoea
O?oicaineiai ?aeiia a. Eaaiiaa. I?eciaa iaee/ea ni-
.noaaa i?anooieaiey a aeaenoaeyo ioaao/eea N., ii ia?a-
ie/eeny oeacaieai, /oiau enoaoe
Iiaeiaiay ia?aoeoaeueiinoue noaea ia ioaa/aao caaea-
/ai nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aainoaeey e iiaeao iaianoe
a?aae eioa?anai ai?ueau n i?anooiiuie, iauanoaaiii
iianiuie aeayieyie.
O 73
Iaeuecy i?eciaoue i?aaeeueiui oaeaea aicaoaeaeaiea
noaeii oaieiaiiai aeaea a ?anii?yaeeoaeueiii canaaeaiee,
anee naaaeaiey i i?anooieaiee auyaeaiu i?e ioe?uoii
?acae?aoaeuenoaa a?aaeaeaineiai aeaea. Oaeie oaeo, a /ano-
iinoe, eiae ianoi a i?aeoeea iaeiiai ec ia?iaeiuo no-
aeia a. Eaaiiaa, eioi?ue, ?anniao?eaay aeaei ii eneo
a?eaaaeu iaey?ia e iynieiiaeiaoo, ociae i ninoaaea-
iee oeeoeaiuo ia?yaeia i?i?aaii E. e ii?aaeaea-
ieai ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai canaaeaiey aicaoaeee oaieia-
iia aeaei,
Eiaaea naaaeaiey i i?anooieaiee iaia?oaeaiu i?e ?an-
niio?aiee ae?oaiai aeaea ii nouanoao, ?aoaiea i aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeii auoue i?eiyoi iaiin?aae-
noaaiii a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee (?acoiaaony, n niaethaea-
ieai oaeiu niaauaoaeueiie eiiiaou) e ooo aea iauya-
eaii ai anaoneuoaiea. Yoiai o?’aaotho aeaniinoue e
iaiin?aaenoaaiiinoue noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. Yoi one-
eeaaao ainieoaoaeueioth ?ieue noaea, oe?aieyao o i?enoo-
noaothueo a noaea a?aaeaeai oaa?aiiinoue a oii, /oi i’e
iaeei i?anooiiue oaeo ia inoaiaony ia?ane?uoui e ie
iaeei aeiiaiue ia ecaaaeeo ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Noae aicaoaeaeaao oaieiaiua aeaea e a oao neo/ayo,
eiaaea noaeuey aiineo iinooieaoea e ‘iaio iaoa?eaeu i
i?anooieaieyo ia eieeaaeaeueiia ?anniio?aiea noaea, ia
i?eieiay i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoaiey aaeeiiee/ii. Ii a
yoii ioiioaiee a noaeaaiie i?aeoeea ‘iao iaiaoiaeeiie
yniinoe. Iaeie noaeuee noaayo ia?ae/iua iaoa?eaeu ia
?anniio?aiea ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai canaaeaiey noaea, ae?o-
aea-noaeaaiiai canaaeaiey.
Oae, ia?iaeiue noaeuey iaeiiai ec naeueneeo ?aeiiia
Oaoa?neie ANN?, iieo/ea iaoa?eae ia oeeiiaiee io oi-
eaou aeeiaioia o?-ia E., aian yoio iaoa?eae ia ?an-
niio?aiea ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai canaaeaiey noaea, ii?aaea-
eaieai eioi?iai auei aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei ii
i?eciaeai no. 158 OE ?NON? 1926 aiaea.
Ae?oaie ia?iaeiue noaeuey, i?eiya iaoa?eae i ceino-
iii ?ano?aiaee?eaaiee a?-‘iii I. ioaeaiiiai aio ia o?a-
iaiea eiouanoaa, iinoaaee yoi aeaei ia ?anniio?aiea
noaea a ioe?uoii noaeaaiii canaaeaiee, 1aaea auei i?eiyoi
?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea :ii ‘i?eciaeai no. 168 OE
?NON? 1926 aiaea.
Iai aeoiaaony, /oi a oaeeo neo/ayo aicaoaeaeaiea
oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeii inouanoaeyoueny ia a ioe?uoii
74
noaeaaiii canaaeaiee, a ?anii?yaeeoaeueiui canaaeaieai
noaea. Eia/a anoaao aii?in i ?anniio?aiee ia?ae/iuo
iaoa?eaeia i i?anooieaiee n o/anoeai caeioa?aniaai-
iuo eeoe, /oi nicaeaao ii?aaeaeaiioth oa?ico i?aa?auaiey
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea a no??iaao noaeaaiiai
?acae?aoaeuenoaa ni .anaie ‘auoaeathueie ionthaea io-
?eoeaoaeueiuie iineaaenoaeyie.
Iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n iiaieai, /oi i?aaeinoaaeaiea
?anii?yaeeoaeueiiio canaaeaieth noaea i?aaa i?eieiaoue
?aoaiey ii ia?ae/iui iaoa?eaeai i i?anooieaieyo
i?ioeai?a/eo caeiio’. Caeii ia aeaao en/a?iuaathuaai
ia?a/iy iieiiii/ee ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai canaaeaiey noaea,
ia?aie/eaaaony ia?a/eneaieai oao aii?inia, eioi?ua
aeieaeiu auoue iaycaoaeueii ?ac?aoaiu noaeii aei auya-
naiey ia ioe?uoia noaeaaiia ?acae?aoaeuenoai aeaea, ii-
nooieaoaai n iaaeieoaeueiui caeeth/aieai e a neeo ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, oeacaiiuo a no. 36 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa Nithca IN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee, aia-
naiiiai noaeueae ia ?anniio?aiea ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai ca-
naaeaiey. Aianoa n oai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen
?NON? 1923 aiaea i?yii i?aaeoniao?eaae, /oi
noaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON? oaeaea aeaeeo ooieoeee ?anii-
?yaeeoaeueiiai canaaeaiey noaea ia oieueei a ?aoaiee ai-
i?inia, naycaiiuo n i?aaeaieai noaeo. Ia ?anii?yaeeoaeue-
iia canaaeaiea aiceaaaaony, iai?eia?, ?anniio?aiea ca-
ia/aiee ia i?ioieie noaeaaiiai canaaeaiey, ?aoaiea ai-
i?ina i iaeiaeaiee iaeioi?uo aeaiaaeiuo acuneaiee e
oo?aoia (no. no. 266, 323) e o. ae.
A oi aea a?aiy iaaei ioiaoeoue, /oi ?anii?yaeeoaeue-
iia canaaeaiea noaea, ?anniao?eaay ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae
i i?anooieaiee, auiieiyao ia ooieoeeth i?aaeaiey noaeo,
I?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i i?aaeaiee noaeo iaaeiyaiiai ii
aeaeo, iinooieaoaio ec i?ieo?aoo?u n iaaeieoaeueiui
caeeth/aieai, ia iiaeao auoue aicaoaeaeaii iiaia oaieia-
iia aeaei. Caeanue noae ia eiaao aiciiaeiinoe ?aoeoue ai-
‘ Oaeia iiaiea i?eiaieoaeueii e aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey
‘auneacaii E. I. Aaeueia?eiui a noaouea
i?in i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai oaeoa, ia ioaaouaaaiiai
oi?ioee?iaeie i?aaeuyaeaiiiai iaaeiaiey e niaa?oai-
ii ia naycaiiiai n iei.. Aeaiiue aii?in ?aoaaony iinea
ouaoaeueiiai enneaaeiaaiey e ioeaiee anao eiathueony ii
aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoa a ioe?uoii noaeaaiii canaaeaiee.
Oaieiaiia aeaei a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo aicaoaeaeaaony ii?a-
aeaeaieai ia ?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai, a noaeaaiiai canaaeaiey,
/oi iauyniyaony ia?aie/aiiinoueth iaiin?aaenoaaiiuo ca’
aea/, noiyueo ia?aae noaaeeae i?aaeaiey noaeo. A yoie noa-
aeee i?ioeanna noae ia aoiaeeo a ianoaeaeaiea oiai, aeieaca-
iu eee iao i?anooiiia aeayiea e aeia iaaeiyaiiai a aai
niaa?oaiee. Ii ?anniao?eaaao e ioeaieaaao eiathueany
a aeaea aeieacaoaeuenoaa oieueei n oi/ee c?aiey eo aeinoa-
oi/iinoe aeey ooaa?aeaeaiey iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth/aiey
e i?aaeaiey iaaeiyaiiai noaeo. Iiyoiio a noaaeee i?aaea-
iey noaeo eneeth/aaony aiciiaeiinoue onoaiiaeaiey ea-
eiai-eeai iiaiai oaeoa, a ioiioaiee eioi?iai o?aaiaa-
einue au aicaoaeeoue iiaia oaieiaiia aeaei.
Aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaao e aii?in i oii, iiaeao ee
i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea noae
eannaoeeiiiie eee iaaeci?iie einoaioeee, i?iaa?ythuee
caeiiiinoue e iainiiaaiiinoue i?eaiai?a ii ae?oaiio aea-
eo. I?aeoe/anee oaeay iaiaoiaeeiinoue aicieeaao a oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea noae ia?aie einoaioeee ia aicaoaeee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, oioy e yoiio eiaeinue ii?aaeaeaiiia inii-
aaiea. A caeiia ia aeaiiue aii?in i?yiiai ioaaoa iao.
A iaeiii ec ii?aaeaeaiee Noaeaaiay eieeaaey ii oaieia-
iui aeaeai Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? oeacaea, /oi ean-
naoeeiiiay einoaioeey, i?eciaa iaiaoiaeeiui i?eaea/ue e
oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiauo eeoe, .ai?aaa auianoe
ia yoii* /anoiia ii?aaeaeaiea, anee i?eaea/aiea yoeo
eeoe ia iiaeao iiaeeyoue ia oi?io e noaiaiue aeiu inoae-
aeaiiiai ii ?anniao?eaaaiiio aeaeo1. Oaeei ia?aci.i,
Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? aeae ia yoio aii?in iauee iiei-
aeeoaeueiue ioaao. Iaeiaei iaaei o/anoue neaaeothuaa.
Eiatho ianoi neo/ae, eiaaea a noaea eannaoeeiiiie
eee iaaeci?iie einoaioeee iaiaoiaeeiinoue a aicaoaeaea-
iee iiaiai oaieiaiiai aeaea aicieeaao i?eiaieoaeueii e
oaeoai, io?aaeaiiui a i?eaiai?a e i?eciaiiui noaeii
ia?aie einoaioeee onoaiiaeaiiuie. Iai?eia?, i?e ean-
a Ni.
aui. 2, no?. 46-47.
76 .
naoeeiiiii ?anniio?aiee’ aeaea ‘ii .iaaeiaieth A. e ae?o-
aeo a nenoaiaoe/aneii oeuaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai eio-
uanoaa Noaeaaiay eieeaaey ii oaieiaiui aeaeai Aa?-
oiaiiai Noaea Oaoa?neie ANN? iaia?oaeeea, /oi A.
caieiaeny neoieie caaaaeiii e?aaeaiiiai. Yoio oaeo
eiinoaoe?iaaeny a noaeaaiii i?eaiai?a, ii ii iaio no-
aeii ia?aie einoaioeee (‘eae e i?aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u e
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey) oaieiaiiai aeaea aic- .
aoaeaeaii ia auei, n /ai eannaoeeiiiay einoaioeey ia
niaeaneeanue.
A oaeeo neo/ayo iaiaoiaeeiinoue a aicaoaeaeaiee ii-
aiai aeaea ni noi?iiu noaea eannaoeeiiiie eee iaaeci?iie,’
einoaioeee yaeyaony neaaenoaeai ianeieueei eiie i?aai-
aie ioeaiee ei niioaaonoaothuaai oaeoa, ?acoeueoaoii
aai ianiaeaney n oai ii?aaeaeaieai noaiaie iauanoaai-
iie iianiinoe niaeayiiiai, eioi?ia auei aeaii ieaeanoi-
yuei noaeii. Caeanue aicaoaeaeaiea yoeie noaeaaiuie ei-
noaioeeyie iiaiai oaieiaiiai aeaea n ia?aaea/ae aai ia
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea aiieia i?aaiia?ii, ii-
neieueeo iie a th?eaee/aneie ioeaiea oao eee .eiuo oaeoia .
ia naycaiu n auaiaeaie ieaeanoiyuaai noaea, iiaoo naie
i?eciaoue i?anooiiui e iaeacoaiui oaeo, eioi?iio aei
neo ii? oaeay ioeaiea ia aeaaaeanue.
Iaeiaei a i?aeoeea eannaoeeiiiuo e iaaeci?iuo no-
aeaaiuo einoaioeee ano?a/athony aeaea, i?e ?anniio?aiee
eioi?uo auyaeythony oa eee eiua naaaeaiey i oaeoao,
i?yii ia io?aaeaiiuo a i?eaiai?a ii aeaeo e ia naeaea- ‘
oaeuenoaothueo i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ioiaieoue aai, ii o?a-
aothueo ?aaae?iaaiey a oaieiaiii ii?yaeea. A yoeo neo-
/ayo ?a/ue eaeao ia oieueei i ?acee/iie i?aaiaie ioeaiea
oaeoia ‘noaeaie ia?aie e auoanoiyuae einoayoeye.
?a/ue eaeao i oii, /oi o noaea eannaoeeiiiie eee iaaeci?iie
einoaioeee ‘aicieeaao i?aaeiieiaeaiea i iaee/ee i?anooi-
iiai oaeoa, ia i?eciaiiiai noaeii ia?aie einoaioeee.
Neaaeoao o/anoue, /oi yoe noaeaaiua einoaioeee, i?iaa-
?yy caeiiiinoue e iainiiaaiiinoue i?eaiai?a e eiuo no-
aeaaiuo aeoia, ieeaeiai neaaenoaey ia i?iecaiaeyo, ia?a-
ie/eaathony ioeaieie anao aeieacaoaeuenoa a oii aeaea, a
&a’eii iie cae?aieaiu a ienueiaiiuo iaoa?eaeao aeaea.
Iie ia iiaoo n/eoaoue onoaiiaeaiiui oaeo, eioi?ue ia
aue ‘i?eciai noaeii, ?anniio?aaoei aeaei ii nouanoao.
Noaouey 51 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa i?yii
oeacuaaao, /oi
380 OIE ?NON? e a niioaaonoaothueo noaoueyo oaieia-
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee.
Ionthaea neaaeoao auaiae, /oi a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo noae
eannaoeeiiiie eee iaaeci?iie einoaioeee ia ‘iiaeao i?e-
iyoue ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, iineieue-
eo yoi naycaii n onoaiiaeaieai iiauo oaeoia. Oniio?aa
i?e i?iaa?ea ‘caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe i?eaiai?a
eaeea-eeai naaaeaiey i i?anooiiii oaeoa, ia iaoaaeoai
io?aaeaiey a noaeaaiii ‘i?eaiai?a e ia naeaeaoaeuenoao-
thuai i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ioiaieoue aai, yoio noae aeieaeai
niiaueoue ia .yoii i?ieo?i?o ‘n oai, /oiau iineaaeiee
?aoee aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee ii aeaiiiio oaeoo oai-
eiaiiai aeaea.
A niioaaonoaee ni no. 3 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa iieiiii/eyie ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiuo
aeae iaaeaeaiu e i?aaiu aeiciaiey. Yoi iauyniyaony
oai, /oi a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna aeiciaiea a
ethaii aai aeaea yaeyaony i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeue-
iinoueth, ‘i?iaiaeeony a no?iaii niioaaonoaee n oaieiaii-
i?iuannoaeueiui caeiiii e oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, aeiau-
oua a oiaea aeiciaiey, eiatho neeo noaeaaiuo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa’.
En/a?iuaathuee ia?a/aiue i?aaiia, oiieiiii/ai-
iuo ia i?iecaiaenoai aeiciaiey, aeaaony a oaieiaii-i?i-.
oeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenao nithciuo ?anioaeee. Yoi-iaei-
oi?ua aaeieieno?aoeaiua o/?aaeaeaiey e aeieaeiinoiua
‘ A ao?aeoaciuo no?aiao aeiciaiea n/eoaaony noaoai aaeieie-
no?aoeaii-iieeoeaeneie aeayoaeueiinoueth, oioy iiae/an iieeoeaeneea /e-
iu caiaiytho niaith neaaeiaaoaey, niaa?oatho neaaenoaaiiua aeaeno-
aey e ninoaaeytho i?ioeannoaeueiua aeieoiaiou, eiathuea cia/aiea
noaeaaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. Oaeay eiioeaioeey aeeeooaony aeaoiy niia?a-
aeaieyie. Ai-ia?auo, yoi i?aaeinoaaeyao iieeoeee, yaeythuaeny
aaaeiaeoei ea?aoaeueiui i?aaiii a nenoaia aeeeoaoo?u iiiiiiee-
noe/aneie ao?aeoacee, iieioth naiaiaeo aeaenoaee a iiaeaaeaiee o?o-
aeyueony iann. Ai-aoi?uo, a no?aiao eaieoaea iieeoeey aei oaeie
noaiaie neiii?iiaoe?iaaea naay ioe?uoui i?eiaiaieai ianeeey
a ioiioaiee o?oaeyueony, ianoieueei nieneaea iaiaaenoue oe?ieeo
ia?iaeiuo iann, /oi ioianaiea aa e /eneo i?aaiia thnoeoeee iiaei?-
aaei au o a?aaeaeai e aac oiai neaaoth aa?o a
ao?aeoaciiai i?aainoaeey.
78
eeoea, ?aaioa eioi?uo a ?yaea neo/aaa eiaao i?yiia io-
iioaiea e ai?ueaa n iauanoaaiii iianiuie aeayieyie.
Aeey ‘eaaeaeiai ec ieo aaaeaiea aeiciaiey yaeyaony oieueei
iaeiie ‘ec aai ooieoeee, auoaeathueo ec ae?oaie, iniia-
iie ooieoeee aeaiiiai o/?aaeaeaiey eee aeieaeiinoiiai
eeoea. Iineieueeo iai?aaeaiea iniiaiie aeayoaeueiinoe
yoeo o/?aaeaeaiee e eeoe ?acee/ii, iaiaeeiaeiau e eo
iieiiii/ey ia aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiuo aeae.
N?aaee i?aaiia aeiciaiey iaeaieaa aeoeaioth ?ieue.ea-
?aao niaaoneay ieeeoeey, i?ecaaiiay io?aiyoue ia-
uanoaaiiue ii?yaeie .e aaciianiinoue, inouanoaeyoue ia-
?u ii i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth, i?ana/aieth e ?ane?uoeth i?aai-
ia?ooaiee. Iia ‘iieiinoueth ?anneaaeoao iaeioi?ua oai^-
eiaiua aeaea, eioi?ua n?aaieoaeueii i?inou ii naiae
oaaoea e eiatho naiei i?aaeiaoii i?anooieaiey, ia
i?aaenoaaeythuea aieueoie .iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, ‘ii
?ane?uaaaiua i?aeiouanoaaiii aeaaiaea?y iia?aoeaii-
?icuneiui ia?ii?eyoeyi. Ii inoaeueiui aeaeai, o?a-
aothuei i?iaaaeaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey, ie-
eeoeey iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoue oieueei iaioeiaeiua i?ioean-
noaeueiua aeaenoaey aei anooieaiey a aeaei neaaeiaaoaey.
Yoei e i?aaeii?aaeaeyaony iauai aa iieiiii/ee ia aic-
aoaeaeaiea oaieiaiuo aeae ii oai eee eiui i?anooi-
eaieyi.
?aaioieee ieeeoeee iiaoo a ‘neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe
i?eiyoue .e ?anniio?aoue ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae iacaaeneii
io oiai, i eaeii i?anooieaiee eaeao a iai ?a/ue. Aeaea, –
ii eioi?ui caei’i ia o?aaoao i?iaaaeaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iiai neaaenoaey, aicaoaeaeathony ieeeoeeae (i?e iaee/ee
e oiio aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey) aac eaeeo-eeai ia?aie-
/aiee. Iinea ‘i?iaaaeaiey aeiciaiey iie iai?aaeythony
‘i?ieo?i?o aeey iineaaeothuae ia?aaea/e a niioaaonoaoth-^
uee noae. Nthaea ioiinyony aeaea i oaeeo i?anooieaieyo,
eae e?aaea nioeeaeenoe/aneiai eiouanoaa i?e ionoono-
aee eaaeeoeoee?othueo i?eciaeia (/. 1 no. 89 OE
?NON?); a?aaaae a ioiioaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ia-.
uanoaaiiiai eiouanoaa aac ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoa
(/. 1 no. 90); oeuaiea nioeeaeenoe/aneiai eiouanoaa
iioaiie/aneei iooai, anee iao eaaeeoeoee?othueo i?e-
ciaeia (/. 1 no. 93); i?e/eiaiea eiouanoaaiiiai oua?aa
ainoaea?noao eee iauanoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee iooai ia-
iaia eee ceioiio?aaeaiey aeiaa?eai (no. 94); iaeeia
oeuaiea nioeeaeenoe/aneiai eiouanoaa (no. 96); i?e-
79
naiaiea iaoiaeee (no. 97); oiuoeaiiia oie/oiaeaiea
eee iia?aaeaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee iauanoaaiiiai
eiouanoaa aac ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoa (/. 1 no. 98);
enoycaiea (no. 113); ceinoiia oeeiiaiea io oieaou aee-^’
oaioia ‘eee io ieacaiey iiiiue iao?oaeiniiniaiui ?i-,.’-‘
aeeoaeyi (no. no. 122-123); e?aaea ee/iiai eiouanoaa,
a?aaeaeai (no. 144); a?aaaae aac ioya/athueo ianoiy*:>
oaeuenoa (/. 1 no. 145); iioaiie/anoai (/. 1 no. 147); .:
.oiuoeaiiia oie/oiaeaiea eee iia?aaeaeaiea ee/iiai
eiouanoaa a?aaeaeai (/. 1 no. 149); niaeoeyoeey aac eaa-
eeoeoee?othueo i?eciaeia (/. 1 no. 154); iaiai iieoia-
oaeae i?e ionoonoaee ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoa (/. 1
no. 156); iacaeiiiia ecaioiaeaiea, nauo eee o?aiaiea
nie?oiuo iaieoeia (no. 158); caiyoea cai?auaiiui i?i-
iuneii (/. 1 no. 162); iacaeiiiia caiyoea ?uaiui i?i-
iuneii (no. 163); iacaeiiiay ioioa (no. 166); oiuoeai-
iay iio?aaa iinaaia (no. 168); iacaeiiiay ii?oaea
eana (no. 169); ioeac eee oeeiiaiea naeaeaoaey io aea/e
iieacaiee (no. 182); ?ano?aiaee?eaaiea iienaiiiai’
eiouanoaa (no. 185); iiaaa n ianoa nnueee eee caeeth-
/aiey (no. no. 186-188); i?enaiaiea caaiey (no. 194);
iiaeaeaeea aeieoiaioia (no. 196); ia?ooaiea ianii?oiuo
i?aaee (no. 198); naiioi?aanoai (no. 200); ooeeaainoai
(no. 206); oa?ica oaeenoaii (no. 207) e iaeioi?ua
ae?oaea. ^
Inoaeueiua aeaea, iiaeneaaenoaaiiua i?ieo?aoo?a, ii-
aoo auoue aicaoaeaeaiu ?aaioieeaie ieeeoeee a neo/ayo,
eiaaea iaeeoei aeaa oneiaey:
a) ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae i i?anooieaiee iinooiaao
iaiin?aaenoaaiii a ieeeoeeth;
a) anoue iaiaoiaeeiinoue a niaa?oaiea ii iaoa?eaeo
iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee aei anooieaiey a
aeaei neaaeiaaoaey.
Aicaoaeea yoe aeaea, i?aaiu ieeeoeee i?iecaiaeyo ia-
ioeiaeiua aeaenoaey, eioi?ua o?aaothony aeey iaania/a-
iey aeaeueiaeoaai ?anneaaeiaaiey, cae?aieytho neaaeu i?a-
nooieaiey, i?eieiatho ia?u e ?icuneo e caaea?aeaieth
‘i?anooiieea. Iinea niaa?oaiey oaeeo ia?ae/iuo neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee, eae iniio?, iaune, auaiea, inaeaea-
oaeuenoaiaaiea, caaea?aeaiea e aeii?in iiaeic?aaaaiiai,
aeii?in iioa?iaaoeo e i/aaeaeoeaa, ‘yoe aeaea iaiaaeeaiii,
ia aeiaeeaeaynue oeacaiee i?ieo?i?a e ieii/aiey onoa-
iiaeaiiiai no. 121 OIE ?NON? aeanyoeaeiaaiiai n?iea,
80
iai?aaeythony ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe a i?ieo?aoo?o,
eae yoiai o?aaoao no. 29 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa. Yoi aeieaeii auoue naeaeaii aeaaea a oii neo/aa,
eiaaea ia?aiia/aeueiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey ia i?eaa-
ee e auyaeaieth eeoea, .niaa?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea.
A oaeii neo/aa ia i?aaiao aeiciaiey inoaaony oieueei
iaycaiiinoue i?iaeieaeaoue i?eieiaoue iia?aoeaii-?icunth-
iua ia?u aeey onoaiiaeaiey i?anooiieea, iiaeaea?aeeaay
i?e yoii oanioth naycue ni neaaeiaaoaeai e oaaaeiieyy
aai i ?acoeueoaoao naieo ia? (/. 4 no. 119 OIE ?NON?).
Anee a i?aaiu i.eeeoeee iinooiatho iaoa?eaeu i
i?anooieaiee, o?aaothuai i?iaaaeaiey i?aaeaa?eoaeueii-
ai neaaenoaey (iai?eia?, aeou aeieoiaioaeueiie ?aaecee
i iaaeinoa/a o aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea), e iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe
i?aaei?eiyoue ii yoei iaoa?eaeai iaioeiaeiua neaaeno-
aaiiua aeaenoaey, ?aaioieeai ieeeoeee neaaeoao ia-
?aie/eoueny i?ai?iaiaeaeaieai eo ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoi
‘u niioaaonoaothuoth i?ieo?aoo?o. I?e yoeo oneiaeyo n
eo noi?iiu oai aieaa ia iiaeao auoue ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, iineieueeo yoi-eiiiaoaioeey
i?ieo?aoo?u.
Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi a iaaeaeaeii i?ioeii
ec-ca eaii?e?iaaiey a?aie iaaeaeo aeaoiy oi?iaie aei-
ciaiey e ia?ooaiey i?aaee iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe ia i?ae-
oeea ia?aaeei en/acaee oa ia?aie/aiey, eioi?uie nayca-
iu i?aaiu ieeeoeee a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae, ?an-
‘ neaaeoaiuo neaaenoaaiiuie o/?aaeaeaieyie. Yoi niinia-
. noaiaaei niaoaieth aeiciaiey e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaae-
noaey, nicaeaieth iaeioi?iai ia?aeeaeecia a ?aaioa i?i-
eo?aoo?u e ieeeoeee ni anaie auoaeathueie ionthaea ‘
io?eoeaoaeueiuie iineaaenoaeyie.
Iiae i?aaeeiaii ai?ueau n oaeei iaii?iaeueiui ii-
eiaeaieai iaeioi?ua th?enou auneacaeenue aeaaea ca
cai?auaiea i?aaiai ieeeoeee aicaoaeaeaoue aeaea, ei .ia
‘iiaeneaaenoaaiiua1. Iaeiaei i?e yoii ia o/eouaaeinue,
/oi ieeeoeey, io?aiyy iauanoaaiiue ii?yaeie e ?anii-
eaaay ?acaaoaeaiiie naoueth aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe, aeecei
nii?eeanathueony n ianaeaieai, /aua anaai ia?aie oc-
iaao i i?anooiiii, oaeoa e yoi aeaao ae aiciiaeiinoue
auno?i i?eiyoue iaioeiaeiua ia?u e ?ane?uoeth i?a-
nooieaiey, caaea?aeaoue iiaeic?aaaaiiai, iaia?oaeeoue e
‘ Ni.
81
6 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea
cae?aieoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa ii
iaioeiaeiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey e?aeia iaiaoiaeeiu
e ii iiiaei ec oao aeae, eioi?ua ?anneaaeothony i?aaiaie
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey. Iiyoiio eeoaiea ieeeoeee
i?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue aeaea aeaiiie eaoaai?ee iiaei au i?e-
aanoe e ineaaeaieth ‘ai?ueau n iaeioi?uie na?ueaciuie
i?anooieaieyie, ‘iineieueeo oiaaea nio?oaeieee ieeeoeee
ia niiaee ‘au aeoeaii ?aaae?iaaoue ia yoe iauanoaaiii
iianiua aeayiey, i?aaei?eieiay iaiaoiaeeiua i?ioean-
noaeueiua ia?u e eo ?ane?uoeth.
Iniiau oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e i?eiyoua
.a niioaaonoaee n ieie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeae-
nu nithciuo ?anioaeee ioaa?aee iiaeiaiua i?aaeeiaeaiey.
A oi ae’a a?aiy iie onoaiiaeee i?eioeeieaeueioth iniiao
,aeey /aoeiai ?aca?aie/aiey eiiiaoaioeee i?aaiia ie-
eeoeee e neaaenoaey, enoiaey ec eioa?ania aieaa yooaeoea-
iiai eniieueciaaiey eo aiciiaeiinoae. Yoi yaeony ia-
aeaaeiie aa?aioeae, ‘/oiau ai?aaeue ia auei eaeiai-eeai
niaoaiey iieiiii/ee oeacaiiuo i?aaiia.
Iaaei o/anoue, /oi i?aaii aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aea-
ea iieuecothony ia ana aeieaeiinoiua eeoea ieeeoeee, a.
oieueei oa, ia eioi?uo iaiin?aaenoaaiii aiceiaeaia iay-
caiiinoue aanoe ai?ueao n oaieiaiie ‘i?anooiiinoueth. Oa-
eeie eeoeaie, a /anoiinoe, yaeythony ioaaonoaaiiua ni-
o?oaeieee ioaeaeia aeiciaiey, a oai, aaea eo iao, – iaeai-
eaa iiaeaioiaeaiiua ?aaioieee iia?aoeaiiai ninoaaa
oaieiaiiai ?icunea, ioaeaeia ‘ai?ueau n oeuaieyie ni-
oeeaeenoe/aneiai eiouanoaa e ni niaeoeyoeeae, a oaeaea
ainoaea?noaaiiie aaoieiniaeoeee. Oieueei a naeueneie iano-
iinoe i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea a ioaeaeueiuo
neo/ayo iiaeao auoue i?aaeinoaaeaii o/anoeiaui oiieii-
ii/aiiui, ii i?e yoii ia/aeueiee ?aeiiiiai ioaeaea
ieeeoeee iaycai ee/ii iaania/eoue ouaoaeueiue e ii-
anaaeiaaiue eiio?ieue ca iainiiaaiiinoueth ?ac?aoaiey
ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee. *oi aea eanaaony
inoaeueiuo ?aaioieeia ieeeoeee (ieeeoeeiia?u, ianii?-
oenoee, ainieoaoaee aeaoneeo ‘eiiiao e o. i.), oi iie ia-
?aie/eaathony iaiaaeeaiiui niiauaieai ecaanoiuo ei
‘naaaeaiee i i?anooiiii oaeoa naiei .iaiin?aaenoaaiiui
ia/aeueieeai.
I?aaiii aeiciaiey a Niaaoneie A?iee yaeyaony a i-
aiiia eii a iaeia ai e a (i. 2 no. 117 OIE. ?NON?),
Aai iieiiii/ey a yoie iaeanoe inouanoaeythony eiiai-
82
aee?aie ioaeaeueiuo aieineeo /anoae, ia/aeueieeaie na-
iinoiyoaeueiuo aiaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee e aiaiii-o/aaiuo
caaaaeaiee. I?aaeinoaaeaiea yoei eeoeai i?aaa aicaoae-
aeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea iauyniyaony niia?aaeaieyie, ei-
oi?ua naycaiu n caaea/aie e i?eioeeiaie i?aaiecaoeee
Niaaoneie A?iee, n aiaaie e iieeoe/aneie iiaeaioia-
eie aa ee/iiai ninoaaa, n io?aiie aiaiiie oaeiu e iaan-
ia/aieai aaeeiiia/aeey eiiaiaee?a (ia/aeueieea).
Aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaaiea aicaoaeaeaao oaieiaiua aeaea,
iiaenoaeiua aiaiiui o?eaoiaeai, anee i?anooiiia aeayiea
niaa?oaii aiaiiineoaeaueie eee aiaiiiiaycaiiuie ai
a?aiy i?ioiaeaeaiey eie o/aaiuo nai?ia. I?e yoii
ianoi niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey ia iaiyao iieiaeaiey.
Eiiaiaee?u aieineeo /anoae, niaaeeiaiee e ia/aeue-
ieee aiaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee (caaaaeaiee) iiaoo aicaoaeeoue
oaieiaiia aeaei oaeaea ii i?anooiiiio oaeoo, niaa?oai-
iiio ?aai/eie eee neoaeaueie aii?oaeaiiuo nee (o. a.
eeoeaie aieueiiiaaiiiai ninoaaa), ii i?e yoii iaiaoi-
aeeii, /oiau aeayiea auei niaa?oaii eee a ?aniieiaea-
iee aieineie /anoe (aiaiiiai o/?aaeaeaiey, caaaaeaiey),
eee oioy e aia aai, iaeiaei a nayce n eniieiaieai aiai-
iineoaeaaiuo iaycaiiinoae. Anee eoi-eeai ec eeoe, io-
iinyueony e aieueiiiaaiiiio ninoaao, niaa?oaao i?a-
nooieaiea ia ina oa??eoi?ee aieineie ‘/anoe y oa ‘a oiaea
eniieiaiey aiaiiineoaeaaiuo iaycaiiinoae, oi aiaiiia
eiiaiaeiaaiea ia ?aoaao aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. ‘A yoeo neo/ayo iii ia?aie/eaaaony ia-
i?aaeaieai ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea i i?anooieaiee a
i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u eee ieeeoeee.
A ioiioaiee aeayiee, niaa?oaiiuo ae?oaeie a?aae-
aeaineeie eeoeaie, aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaaiea aicaoaeaeaao oai-
eiaiia aeaei oieueei i?e oneiaee, anee yoe eeoea yaeythony
niiauieeaie a i?anooieaiee aiaiiineoaeauaai eee anee
aeayiea niaa?oaii a ‘aiaiiia a?aiy, a ianoiinoyo, aaea
a neeo eneeth/eoaeueiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa iao iaueo i?aa-
iia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaa-
iey. A inoaeueiuo neo/ayo iii ia iieuecoaony oaeei
i?aaii, a niiauaao ia ecaanoiuo aio naaaeaieyo iaua-
a?aaeaeaineei i?aaiai noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u e ?anneaaei-
aaiey.
Aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaaiea ai?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue oaeaea
oaieiaiua aeaea, ‘ii eioi?ui o?aaoaony i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iia neaaenoaea, anee iii ia?aui ociaei i i?anooiiii
83
oaeoa e anoue iaiaoiaeeiinoue a niaa?oaiee iaioeiaeiuo
neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee aei anooieaiey a aeaei neaaeiaa-
oaey. Ii i?eiyoee iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo ia? yoe
aeaea aeieaeiu auoue iai?aaeaiu /a?ac aiaiiiai i?ieo?i-
?a ii iiae neaaenoaaiiiaT, eae yoi auoaeaao ec no. 29
Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ec no. 119 OIE
?NON? e niioaaonoaothueo noaoae oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiuo eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee.
Neaaeoao iiae/a?eiooue, /oi oaeea oe?ieea iieiiii-
/ey aiaiiiai eiiaiaeiaaiey a iaeanoe aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea ieeiei ia?acii ia i?eieaeatho ?iee
i?ieo?aoo?u a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Ni-
aaoneia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia onoaiaaeeaaao iiiiiieee
eiiaiaeiaaiey ii aicaoaeaeaieth aeae ii i?anooiiui aea-
yieyi aiaiiineoaeaueo, eae yoi eiaao ianoi ai iiiaeo
eiia?eaeenoe/aneeo no?aiao’. Eiiaiaee?u Niaaoneie
A?iee ii iaeaieaa iianiui i?anooieaieyi ia?aie/e-
aathony iau/ii niiauaieai aiaiiiio i?ieo?i?o eee
Eiieoaoo ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe. Aiaiiue i?i-
eo?i?, iacaaeneii io eo oniio?aiey, ai?aaa aicaoaeeoue
ethaia oaieiaiia aeaei, anee ‘e oiio anoue na?ueaciia in-
iiaaiea. Oaeei aea i?aaii iieuecoaony aiaiiue neaaei-
aaoaeue, eiaaea ii ?aaioaao ia ioaeaeueiii o/anoea eee
eiaaea a aeaiiie ianoiinoe iao aiaiiiai i?ieo?i?a. Ai-
aiiue i?ieo?i?, iiieii oiai, iiaeao ia niaeaneoueny n
?aoaieai eiiaiaee?a /anoe (ia/aeueieea aiaiiiai o/-
?iaeaeaiey eee caaaaeaiey) i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii, aeaoue ii i?ioeannoaeueiui
aii?inai oa eee eiua oeacaiey. Aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaa-
iea iaycaii auiieiyoue yoe oeacaiey; a neo/aa ianiaea-
ney iii iiaeao iaaeaeiaaoue eo auoanoiyuaio aiaiiiio
i?ieo?i?o, iaeiaei ia i?einoaiaaeeaay eniieiaiey.
A i?ioeannoaeueiie eeoa?aoo?a auneacaii iiaiea i
iaiaoiaeeiinoe onoaiiaeoue ‘i?aaeei, iaycuaathuaa aiai-
iiai i?ieo?i?a iieo/aoue naieoeeth eiiaiaeiaaiey i?e
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii i?anooiiui aeayieyi
aiaiiineoaeauaai2. Ii yoi a?yae ee i?eaieaii.
Aieaa iiae?iaii ia yoii ni. Ae. N. E a ?a A, Aiaiii-oaieia-
iue i?ioeann a a?ieyo ao?aeoaciuo ainoaea?noa, I., 1949, no?.
36-129.
2 Ni. N. A. A i e o e n e e e. I?eioeeiu e iniaaiiinoe Niaao-
neiai aiaiii-oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna,
aui. 8, I., no?. 86-87.
84
Eiia/ii, anoue ?yae aeayiee (iai?eia? iaeniieiaiea
i?eeaca), i?anooiiinoue eioi?uo a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii
neo/aa ia iiaeao auoue ii?aaeaeaia aac o/aoa iiaiey
niioaaonoaothuaai eiiaiaee?a eee ia/aeueieea. Eiaaony
oaeaea .?yae aeaenoaee, ii eioi?ui auai? aeenoeeieeia?-
iie eee oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aiceiaeai caeiiii
i?aaeaea anaai ia eiiaiaeiaaiea. Iineieueeo a oaeeo neo-
/ayo onoaiiaeaiea iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea ia i?aaenoaaeyaony aiciiaeiui aac o/aoa iiaiey
eiiaiaeiaaiey, aiaiiue i?ieo?i? ia iiaeao ia niaea-
niaaoue n iei naiaai ?aoaiey. Iaeiaei aicaaaeaiea yoiai
/anoiiai i?aaeea a iauaiaycaoaeueiue i?eioeei auei
au iaaa?iui. Iii iinoaaeei au aiaiiiai i?ieo?i?a”a
caaeneiia io eiiaiaee?ia aieineeo /anoae eee ia/aeue-
ieeia aiaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee (caaaaeaiee) iieiaeaiea. Yoi
i?ioeai?a/eei au eaieineei, eiinoeoooeeiiiui inii-
aai i?aaiecaoeee e aeayoaeueiinoe niaaoneie i?ieo?aoo-
?u, eae no?iai oeaio?aeeciaaiiiai, iacaaeneiiai io ea-
eeo au oi ie auei ianoiuo o/?aaeaeaiee ainoaea?noaai-
iiai i?aaia.
E /eneo i?aaiia aeiciaiey ioiineony oaeaea oi?aa-
eaiea iiaea?iie io?aiu IAAe. Aai iia?aoeaiua
nio?oaeieee ai?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea ii oae-
oai iiaea?a eee ia?ooaiee i?aaee i?ioeaiiiaea?iie
aaciianiinoe. A neo/aa iaia?oaeaiey (iieo/aiey) naa-
aeaiee ia eiuo i?anooieaieyo aeieaeiinoiua eeoea ei-
niaeoeee yoiai oi?aaeaiey niiauatho a i?aaiu i?ieo?a-
oo?u eee ieeeoeee. Oieueei i?e eneeth/eoaeueiuo onei-
aeyo, eiaaea aaeaeo oao eee eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa a aeaiiia
a?aiy a yoii ianaeaiiii ioieoa (iai?eia? a aea?aaia)
iao ?aaioieeia i?ieo?aoo?u e ieeeoeee, a ii iieo/ai-
iiio niiauaieth iaiaoiaeeii i?aaei?eiyoue naiua iaio-
eiaeiua aeaenoaey ii i?ana/aieth i?anooieaiey, caaea?-
aeaieth i?aaiia?ooeoaey e ii cae?aieaieth iaeioi?uo
aeieacaoaeuenoa, iie iiaoo aicaoaeeoue aeaea i oaeeo i?a-
nooieaieyo. Ii i?eiyoeth iaioeiaeiuo ia? yoe aeaea ia-
iaaeeaiii ia?aaeathony ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe (no. no. 114,
119 OIE ?NON?).
Iaiaoiaeeii iiae/a?eiooue, /oi i?aaiu oi?aaeaiey
iiaea?iie io?aiu IAAe iaeuecy iooaoue n aeia?iaieueiuie
i?ioeaiiiaea?iuie iauaaeeiaieyie. Iineaaeiea, eae ii-
eacuaaao i?aeoeea, eiiaaea oiaea aoiaeyo a ianoaeaeaiea
aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea e niaa?oatho
85
iaeioi?ua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey (iniio?, aeii?inu) a
nayce n oaeoaie iiaea?a. Iaaeaeo oai yoi iaaa?ii. Ooie-
oeeyie i?aaia aeiciaiey iaeaaeatho oieueei einiaeoeee e
einiaeoi?a ainoaea?noaaiiiai iiaea?iiai iaaeci?a (i. 5
no. 117 OIE ?NON?). I?aaenoaaeoaee aeia?iaieueiuo
i?ioeaiiiaea?iuo ae?oaeei oaeeo iieiiii/ee ia eiatho.
Iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo
?anioaeee aiceaaatho ooieoeeth aeiciaiey e ia i?aaiu
ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe (iai?eia?, no. 117 OIE
?NON? e no. 97 OIE Ocaaeneie NN?). Caeanue eiathony
a aeaeo iia?aoeaiua nio?oaeieee yoeo i?aaiia. A iaiaoi-
aeeiuo neo/ayo iie iiaoo aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei e
niaa?oeoue aei anooieaiey a aeaei neaaeiaaoaey iaioeiae-
iua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey ii onoaiiaeaieth e cae?ai-
eaieth neaaeia ethaiai ec oao ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?anooi-
eaiee, ?anneaaeiaaiea eioi?uo ioianaii e eiiiaoaioeee
neaaeiaaoaeae Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe,
a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo – oaeaea e ae?oaeo i?anooieaiee.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?aa-‘
ioaeee i?aaaie i?aaia aeiciaiey iaaeaeytho oaeaea i a-
/aeueieeia eni?aaeoaeueii-o?oaeiauo o/?aae-
aeaiee (i. 4 no. 117 OIE ?NON? e niioaaonoaothuea
noaouee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithc-
iuo ?anioaeee). Iie aicaoaeaeatho oaieiaiua aeaea ii
i?anooieaieyi i?ioea onoaiiaeaiiiai ii?yaeea ianaiey
neoaeau, niaa?oaiiui nio?oaeieeaie yoeo o/?aaeaeaiee,
i?e/ai iacaaeneii io ianoa o/eiaiey” i?anooiiiai aeay-
iey. Iinea niaa?oaiey iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee yoe aeaea ia?aaeathony a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u ii
iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe, iineieueeo a aeaea iauaai i?aaeea ii
iei iaiaoiaeeii i?iaiaeeoue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaaenoaea.
Ia/aeueieee eni?aaeoaeueii-o?oaeiauo o/?aaeaeaiee
aicaoaeaeatho oaieiaiua aeaea e ii anai ae?oaei i?anooi-
eaieyi, niaa?oaiiui a ?aniieiaeaiee eni?aaeoaeueii-
o?oaeiaiai o/?aaeaeaiey. Aeaeueiaeoaa aeaeaeaiea yoeo aeae
caaeneo io oiai, eiio iie iiaeneaaenoaaiiu. Anee ii aeaeo
iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaaenoaea, oi iii iinea
niaa?oaiey iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee ia?a-
aeaaony a i?ieo?aoo?o. Anee aea yoiai ia o?aaoaony, oi
iaoa?eaeu aeiciaiey iai?aaeythony i?ieo?i?o, n ooaa?-
aeaeaiey eioi?iai iie ia?aaeathony a noae.
Ooieoeee i?aaia aeiciaiey aiceaaathony e ia i?aa-
iu iia?aie/iie io?aiu (i. 6 no. 117 OIE
86
?NON?). Iie aicaoaeaeatho oaieiaiua aeaea ii-i?anooi-
iui oaeoai, naycaiiui n ia?ooaieai ainoaea?noaaiiie
a?aieoeu NNN? (iai?eia?, eiio?aaaiaea). Yoe aeaea
iinea niaa?oaiey iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee
ia?aaeathony ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo-;
?u eee Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie ‘aaciianiinoe.
Iaeiiaoe, i?aaaie i?aaiia aeiciaiey iieuecothony
eaieoaiu ii?neeo noaeia, iaoiaeyueony a aeaeue-
iai ieaaaiee, e ia/aeueieee ceiiaie a ia?eiae
ionoonoaey o?ainii?oiie nayce n ceiiaeie (i. 7 no. O17
OIE ?NON?). Iie aicaoaeaeatho oaieiaiua aeaea e, ?o-
eiaiaenoaoynue ii?iaie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caei-
iiaeaoaeuenoaa, i?iecaiaeyo a iieiii iauaia aeiciaiea
eee i?iecaiaeyo iaioeiaeiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey
ii onoaiiaeaieth e cae?aieaieth neaaeia i?anooieaiey,
anee ii aeaeo iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaaenoaea.
Caoai yoe aeaea ia?aaeathony ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe a i?-
aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciian-
iinoe eee ieeeoeee.
?aiueoa ^iieiiii/eyie i?aaiia ‘aeiciaiey [iaaeaey-
eenue oaeaea iaeioi?ua ‘ainoaea?noaaiiua e aaaeiinoaai-
iua einiaeoeee (naieoa?iay, oi?oiaay, oeiainiaay-e oao –
ie/aieea). Ii oaeoe/anee a iineaaeiea ‘aiaeu !ie iaeia ec
ieo yoeie ‘iieiiii/eyie ia iieueciaaeanue. Iaia?oaeea
n yoie oi/ee c?aiey anoue ia /oi eiia, eae oie/ie, ii-
aoaeaeaiea, iiaeaeoea ca niaie ii?aaeaeaiiua aeaenoaey.
Ioaeaeueiua aeaeu iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a ni-
aaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna ia?a/eneaiu a oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenao nithciuo ?anioaeee. E eo
/eneo ioiinyony: cayaeaiey e ienueia a?aaeaeai; niiaua-
iey iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee; niiauaiey o/?aaeaeaiee,
i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaiecaoeee e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe; niiaua-
iey, iioaeeeiaaiiua a ia/aoe; yaea n iiaeiiie; iaiin-
?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea,
neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey (no. 108 OIE ?NON? e niioaao-
noaothuea noaouee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia
ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee). N?aaee yoeo iiaiaeia ia ia-
caaia aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai, ii ianiiiaiii, /oi iia
iiae?acoiaaaaony a aieaa oe?ieii iiiyoee –
?anniio?ei eaaeaeue ec yoeo iiaiaeia.
1. Cayaeaiey e ienueia a?aaeaeai. Iiae yoei
iiaiaeii iiae?acoiaaaaony inaaaeiieaiea i?aaiia i?ieo-
?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey i i?anooiiii oaeoa
ioaeaeueiuie oece/aneeie eeoeaie.
Oi?ia, niinia aeiaaaeaiey a?aaeaeaiaie aei yoeo i?-
aaiia naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee ia eiatho i?eioeeieaeue-
iiai cia/aiey. Iiaiae iaeeoei iacaaeneii io oiai, a /ai
yoi aeaenoaea au?aaeaaony: ]B onoiii cayaeaiee, a i?aae-
noaaeaiee ienueiaiiiai oaenoa cayaeaiey eee a ia?aua-
iee /a?ac n?aaenoaa nayce (oaeaoii, oaeaa?ao e o. ae.).
Ai anao neo/ayo i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey
e aeiciaiey iaycaiu i?eiyoue ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i i?a-
94
nooieaiee, ?anniio?aoue eo e a i?aaeaeao”naiae eiiia-
oaioeee ?aoeoue aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Ii iaycaoaeueii, /oiau cayaeaiea auei oae eee eia/a ia-
?auaii e i?aaiai (aeieaeiinoiui eeoeai), oiieiiii/ai-
iui aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea. A i?ioeaiii neo/aa
iii ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny iiaiaeii a oi/iii niunea neiaa.
Yoi iniaaiii aaaeii iiae/a?eiooue a ioiioaiee aeaeiau
iioa?iaaoaai ii aeaeai /anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/iiai
iaaeiaiey. Anee iia aae?aniaaia ia i?aaiai noaea, i?i-
eo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, a iiiaea a eo ?oee
iiieii aiee iioa?iaaoaai, oi aa iaeuecy i?eciaoue iiai-
aeii. Ii oaeie aeaeiaa ia iiaeao ?aoaoueny aii?in i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, anee aeaiiia aeieaeiinoiia
eeoei caeiiii ia oi?aaiii/aii aicaoaeaeaoue yoe aeaea ii
naiaio iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth, aac aeaeiau
iioa?iaaoaai. Yoi iieiaeaiea eiaao aaaeiia, cia/aiea
e ioia/aeinue Noaeaaiie eieeaaeae ii oaieiaiui aeaeai
Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?1.
Anee a i?aaiu noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e aei-
ciaiey iinooiatho cayaeaiey a?aaeaeai, aae?aniaaiiua
ae?oaei o/?aaeaeaieyi eee i?aaiecaoeeyi, oi iie yaeythony
eeoue iau/iui enoi/ieeii naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee. A
oaeeo neo/ayo ‘iiaiaeii e ‘aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea
iiaeao iineoaeeoue eeai ‘iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea
aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe yoeo i?aaiia (anee yoi aeiioneaaony ca-
eiiii), eeai nii’auai.ea oiai o/?aaeaeaiey, eioi?ia, ecaa-
uay yoeo aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i i?anooiiii oaeoa, i?enuea-
ao ei oaeno cayaeaiey niioaaonoaothuaai a?aaeaeaieia.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?anioa-
eee, aiai?y i cayaeaieyo e ienueiao a?aaeaeai ‘eae ia iae-
‘ii’i ec iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, eiatho
a aeaeo e aeaeiao iioa?oaaoaai io i?anooieaiey. Ii a
ioiioaiee iineaaeiae ia i?aeoeea eiathony iaeioi?ua
.iayniinoe. Ano?a/athony, iai?eia?, neo/ay, eiaaea io-
aeaeueiua noaeu io?eoeatho ‘ea/anoaa eoiaiaea ‘ca ‘onoiie aea-
eiaie iioa?iaaoaai, cai?ioieiee?iaaiiie i?aaiaie
aeiciaiey. Iaaeaeo oai yoi iai?aaiia?ii, oae eae caeii
aeiioneaao onoiia cayaeaiea ni noi?iu ethaiai eeoea, a
oii /enea, ianiiiaiii, e iioa?iaaoaai2.
‘ Ni.
aui. 4, no?. 18. ‘
2 Eneeth/aieai yaeyaony no. 373 OIE Ocaaeneie NN?,
a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai eee aai caeiy-
iiai i?aaenoaaeoaey Aeieaeia iiaeaaaoueny a ienueiaiiie oi?ia.
A neaaenoaaiiie e noaeaaiie i?aeoeea iiae/an aicie-
eaao oaeaea aii?in i oii, yaeyaony ee aeaeiaie aieaecu-
yaeaiea, au?aaeaiiia iioa?iaaoei i?e aeii?ina? Aeaaea
a iioaeeeiaaiiuo iaoa?eaeao noaeaaiie i?aeoeee ia
yoio aii?in ithaeii iaeoe ?aciua ioaaou. Oae, Ieaioi
Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ONN? oeacae, /oi iiae aeaeiaie nea-
aeoao iiieiaoue ia oieueei onoiia eee ienueiaiiia cayaea-
iea, ii e iieacaiey ia aeii?ina, ec eioi?uo aeaeii aea-
eaiea iioa?iaaoaai i?eaea/ue aeiiaiiai e oaieiaiie ‘
ioaaonoaaiiinoe. I?ioeaiiieiaeioth iiceoeeth caiye Ea-
ieia?aaeneee iaeanoiie noae, eiaaea ii i?ae?aoee oai-
eiaiia aeaei ii iaaeiaieth ss. ca ionoonoaeai aeaeiau
iioa?iaaoaai, ianiio?y ia iaee/ea a aeaea i?ioieiea
aeii?ina iioa?iaaoae, ec eioi?iai yanoaiaaei aa no?ai-
eaiea i?eaea/ue aeiiaiiai e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe’.
I?e ioaaoa ia aeaiiue aii?in neaaeoao enoiaeeoue ec
oiai aannii?iiai iieiaeaiey, /oi iao ieeaeeo i?e/ei
ioeacaoue iioa?iaaoaio a i?aaa cayaeoue ia ecaanoiii
aio i?anooieaiee oiaaea e oaeei iooai, eiaaea e eae yoi
I?aaenoaaeony aio aiciiaeiui. Anee aeaei oaea aicaoae-
aeaii e iioa?iaaoee ecuyaeyao naia aeaeaiea i?iaeie-
aeeoue aai ai a?aiy aeii?ina, oi auei au iaaa?ii i?ae?a-
oeoue oaeia aeaei ca ionoonoaeai aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai,
o. a. ii i. 7 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee. Yoiai oai aieaa
iaeuecy aeaeaoue oiaaea, eiaaea, aeiionoei, iioa?iaaoaa eeoei
cayaeyao neaaeiaaoaeth (?aaioieeo 1ieeeoee;e) i oaeaa
ecianeeiaaiey i?e aeii?ina ‘ii ae?oaiio aeaeo e a yoie
nayce aicaoaeaeaao aeaei /anoii-ioaee/iiai ‘iaaeiaiey.
Ooo a iaieo neo/ayo oaeoe/anee eiaao ianoi iaeei ec
aa?eaioia onoiiai cayaeaiey a?aaeaeai i i?anooieaiee.
Aeey i?eciaiey oaeiai cayaeaiey aeaeiaie aaaeii eeoue,
/oiau ec
i?eaea/aiea aeiiaiiai e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, ii-
eo/aiiiai ai a?aiy aeii?ina. Iiaeiaiay i?aeoeea ii?i/-
. ‘ Ni.
96
ia, n iae iaiaoiaeeii aanoe ?aoeoaeueioth ai?ueao. I?e-
ciaiea oaeiai niaeaney iioa?iaaoaai aeaeiaie, caeii-
iui iiaiaeii e aaaeaieth aeaiiiai aeaea i?aaiia?ii eeoue
. iinoieueeo, iineieueeo aeaei, aicaoaeaeaiiia ii i?eciaeai
i?anooieaiey, aeaeouaai ioaee/iia iaaeiaiea, a oiaea
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey i?aa?aoeeinue a aeaei
/anoiiai eee /anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey. Iai?eia?,
oaieiaiia aeaei auei ia/aoi ii i?eciaeai ceinoiiai
ooeeaainoaa, a iioii aunieeinue, /oi iaeeoei ae?oaia i?a-
nooieaiea: iieooaiea ia ecianeeiaaiea eee iaianaiea
oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, .ia naycaiiuo n ?anno?ienoaii
caei?iauey iioa?iaaoaai.
Ioiineoaeueii niaea?aeaiey cayaeaiee a?aaeaeai, a
oii /enea e aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai, niaaoneee caeii oi-
aea ia onoaiaaeeaaao iaycaoaeueiuo ?aeaeceoia. Ii oieue-
ei o?aaoao, /oiau ienueiaiiue oaeno cayaeaiey aue
iiaeienai aaoi?ii (no. 110 OIE ?NON?).
Eiia/ii, cayaeoaeue aeieaeai aiciiaeii iiae?iaiaa
iienaoue oi aeayiea, eioi?ia, ii aai iiaieth, yaeyaony
i?anooiiui. AEaeaoaeueii, /oiau auee oeacaiu ianoiy-
oaeuenoaa niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey, naaaeaiey i oaeoao,
iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo aai, e eo enoi/ieee. Ecaanoiinoue yoeo
ianoiyoaeuenoa e aeaiiuo onei?yao e iaeaa/aao ?aoaiea
aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ii eo ionoono-
aea a cayaeaiee ia inaiaiaeaeaao i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u,
neaaenoaey, aeiciaiey e noaea io iaycaiiinoe ?aoeoue yoio
aii?in.
Cayaeaiea ethaiai a?aaeaeaieia iiaeao auoue iiaiaeii
e aicaoaeaeaieth ii/oe anyeiai oaieiaiiai aeaea. Oieueei
ii iaeioi?ui i?aaiia?ooaieyi anoue ia?aie/aiea, onoa-
iiaeaiiia no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Aeaea ia yoeo i?anooieaieyo aicaoaeaeathony ii cayaea-
ieth (aeaeiaa) oieueei oao eeoe, eioi?ua yaeythony iioa?-
iaaoeie.
Ia?a/aiue yoeo i?aaiia?ooaiee ii?aaeaeyaony caei-
iiaeaoaeuenoaii nithciuo ?anioaeee. Iai?eia?, no. 27
OIE ?NON? ioiineo e iei: oiuoeaiiia eaaeia oaean-
iia iia?aaeaeaiea e iiaie, eeaaaoo aac eaaeeoeoee?othueo
i?eciaeia, inei?aeaiea, ecianeeiaaiea aac ioya/athueo
aeio ianoiyoaeuenoa, a oaeaea ia?ooaiea aaoi?neeo e
ecia?aoaoaeueneeo i?aa (no. 112, /. 1 no. ‘117, /. 1 no. 130,
no. no. 131 e 141 OE ?NON?). Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue
eiaeaen Eacaoneie NN? eneeth/aao ec yoiai ia?a/iy oa-
7 Aiyaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea 97
eie ninoaa i?anooieaiey, eae i?e/eiaiea eaaeeo oaean-
‘ iuo iia?aaeaeaiee (no. no. 8.8-89). Noaouey 372 OIE Oc-
aaeneie NN?, iaiai?io, aeiiieiyao aai, aeeth/ay nthaea
naiioi?aanoai.
Iaeuecy ia caiaoeoue, /oi ii iiaui oaieiaiiio e
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiio eiaeaenai ?NON? aeaea ia
oiuoeaiiuo eaaeeo oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaieyo e iiaiyo
aicaoaeaeathony ii aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai aeaaea a oii
neo/aa, eiaaea yoe aeayiey iiaeaeee ca niaie e?aoeia?a-
iaiiia ?anno?ienoai caei?iauey eee iacia/eoaeueioth noie-
eoth oo?aoo o?oaeiniiniaiinoe. Yoi oaeoe/anee icia/aao
cia/eoaeueiia ?anoe?aiea e?oaa oaeeo aeae.
A oi aea a?aiy nouanoaaiii eciaiai ia?a/aiue ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, ioya/athueo aeio i?e ecianeeiaaiee e
eiathueo eaaeeoeoee?othuaa cia/aiea. Oaeeie ianoiy-
oaeuenoaaie i?eciathony: ecianeeiaaiea, nii?yaeaiiia
n oa?icie oaeenoaii ee’e i?e/eiaieai oyaeeiai oaeaniiai
iia?aaeaeaiey; ecianeeiaaiea, iiaeaeoaa ca niaie oyae-
eea iineaaenoaey (nia?oue iioa?iaaoae, ‘?anno?ienoai aa
ineoeee e o. ae.); a?oiiiaia ecianeeiaaiea; ecianeeiaa-
iea eeoeii, ?aiaa niaa?oeaoei oaeia aea i?anooieaiea;
ecianeeiaaiea ianiaa?oaiiieaoiae; ecianeeiaaiea ee-
oeii, i?eciaiiui iniai iianiui ?aoeeaeeaenoii. I?e
‘iaee/ee i?eciaeia oioy au iaeiiai ec yoeo ioya/athueo
aeio ianoiyoaeuenoa iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea iiaeao
auoue cayaeaiea ethaiai a?aaeaeaieia, a ia oieueei naiie
iioa?iaaoae. Yoi i?aeoe/anee icia/aao caiaoiia noaea-
iea e?oaa aicaoaeaeaaiuo ii aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoae aeae
i?e niaa?oaiee yoeo i?anooieaiee, iineieueeo oaeoe/a-
nee ecianeeiaaiey ia?aaeei nii?iaiaeaeathony ia?a/eneai-
iuie ioya/athueie ianoiyoaeuenoaaie.
Ianeieueei ioee/iia cia/aiea aeaeiau iioa?iaaoa-
ai ii oeacaiiui i?aaiia?ooaieyi ioithaeue ia icia/aao,
/oi a yoeo neo/ayo iia eiaao iaoa?eaeueii-i?aaiaia
naienoai, yaeyynue oneiaeai i?anooiiinoe eee iaeacoaii-
noe aeayiey. Iu ia ?acaeaeyai iiaiey i oii, /oi ii yoei
aeaeai aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai yaeyaony oneiaeai iaua-
noaaiiie iianiinoe i?aaiia?ooaiey, iaiaoiaeeiie i?aae-
iinueeie oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca aeayiea’. A ni-
[ Ni. A. I. O ? a e i e e. Ninoaa i?anooieaiey ii niaaoneiio
oaieiaiiio i?aao, Ainth?ecaeao, 1951, na?. 355-356; I. I. Iieyi-
neee, Aii?inu oai?ee niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, I., 1956,
no?. 244.
98
oeeaeenoe/aneii iauanoaa oniio?aiea ioaeaeueiie ee/ii-
noe ia iiaeao iaoneiaeoue ie iauanoaaiioth iianiinoue
aeayiey, ie aai iaeacoaiinoue. Ii niaaoneiio i?aao i?a-
nooiiinoue aeaenoaey eee aacaeaenoaey ii?aaeaeyaony caei-
iii e ianooiaao a iiiaio niaa?oaiey. Aaeeinoaaiiui
iniiaaieai oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe eeoea yaeyaony
aai aeia a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, iaee/ea a aai aeae-
noaee aaee aacaeaenoaee i?eciaeia ninoaaa i?anooieaiey.
Iiiuoea i?eaeaoue aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai iaoa?eaeueii- .
i?aaiaia cia/aiea, no?aieaiea n/eoaoue aa iniaui onei-
aeai iaeacoaiinoe i?aaiia?ooaiey a ?yaea neo/aaa aa-
aeao e iai?aaiia?iiio ?anoe?aieth iniiaaiey oaieia-
iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. *
AEaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai eiaao noaoai i?ioeannoaeueiia
cia/aiea. Ii naiaio th?eaee/aneiio nouanoao iia i?ei- ..
oeeieaeueii ia ioee/aaony io inoaeueiuo iiaiaeia. Niune
ia?aie/aiey, onoaiiaeaiiiai i. 7 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaii-
ai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ninoieo ia a oii, /oiau iaaeaeeoue
yoo aeaeiao iniaui naienoaii, i?eaeaoue ae ioee/iia io
ae?oaeo iiaiaeia i?aaiaia cia/aiea. Ii caeeth/aaony
eeoue a iaeneiaeueiii noaeaiee e?oaa iiaiaeia ii aeaeai,
aicaoaeaeaiea e aaaeaiea eioi?uo iniaaiii neeueii nayca-
ii n eioa?anaie iioa?iaaoeo io i?anooieaiey eeoe, e
iioiio aac eo niaeaney i?aaenoaaeyaony iaoeaeaniia?ac-
oui. A neeo yoie ii?iu caeiia aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai
i?eciaaony iaycaoaeueiui oneiaeai aicieeiiaaiey aeay-
oaeueiinoe ii aicaoaeaeaieth aeae /anoiiai e /anoii-ioa-
ee/iiai iaaeiaiey. Ii io yoiai iia ia ia?anoaao auoue
iau/iui iiaiaeii, ia ia?a?anoaao a iniiaaiea e aicaoae-
ieth aeaea. Ii oaeie aeaeiaa oaieiaiiai aeaea aicaoaeaea-
ii ia aoaeao, anee ‘auynieony aa iaiainiiaaiiinoue. I?ae-
oeea ciaao iaiaei i?eia?ia, eiaaea iaeioi?ua eeoea
iiaeatho caaaaeiii eiaeiua aeaeiau a i?aaiu noaea e i?i-
eo?aoo?u n oeaeueth oaioaaea, iiae?uaa ?aiooaoeee oiai
eee eiiai a?aaeaeaieia, aeene?aaeeoaoeee i?aaenoaaeoaey
aeanoe e o. i. Oae, a i?ieo?aoo?o ?aeiia io a?aaeaeai-
ee I. iinooieea aeaeiaa, a eioi?ie noaaeeny aii?in i
i?eaea/aiee e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe eanieea I. ca
iieooaiea ia ecianeeiaaiea. I?e i?iaa?ea yoie aeaei-
au iaia?oaeeeinue, /oi iia ia niioaaonoaoao aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe, iiaeaia n oeaeueth aeene?aaeeoaoeee i?aaenoaaeoa-
ey eaniio?aiu. Ii yoie aeaeiaa aiieia i?aaeeueii auei
ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea,
7*
Oaeei ia?acii, io cayaeaiee eiuo a?aaeaeai aeaeiaa
iioa?iaaoaai ioee/aaony oai, /oi anee ia?aua iiaoo
auoue iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth eeoue aeae ioaee/iiai ia-
aeiaiey, oi aoi?ay ia naycaia n eaeei-eeai ia?aie/a-
ieai. Ii i?e yoii iaaei o/anoue, /oi a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo
cayaeaiey a?aaeaeai, ia iioa?iaaoeo iaiin?aaenoaaiii
io i?anooieaiey, oaeaea iiaoo iineoaeeoue iiaiaeii e
aicaoaeaeaieth aeae /anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeia-
iey. Aua a oee?eoey?a IETH ?NON? io 30 naioya?y
1924 a. ioia/aeinue, /oi
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen Oo?eiaineie NN? 1932 aiaea
i?aaeoniao?eaae oaeoth aiciiaeiinoue i?eiaieoaeueii e
neo/ayi, eiaaea iioa?iaaoee ia a ninoiyiee aunooieoue
a caueoo naieo eioa?ania a neeo oece/aneeo eee ineoe-
/aneeo iaaeinoaoeia (no. 33). Yoe aea i?aaeea i?yii i?a-
aeoniio?aiu a no. 1’15 OIE A?oceineie NN? e oaeoe/a-
nee cae?aieaiu a no. 89 OIE Eacaoneie NN? e a no. 373
OIE Ocaaeneie NN?. Iie i?iaeeeoiaaiu aoiaiiuie ni-
ia?aaeaieyie e eiatho aaaeiia cia/aiea a caueoa caeii-
iuo eioa?ania ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo e eiuo iaaeaaniinia-
iuo eeoe.
A i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey eiiaaea iinooiatho cayaeaiey, aa-
oi?u eioi?uo ne?uaatho naia eiy. Yoi-aiiieiiua
cayaeaiey. A iaeieo neo/ayo iie ieeai ia iiaeienuaa-
thony, a ae?oaeo-iiaeathony ca’ iiaeienueth auiuoeai-
iiai eeoea.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON? ia niaea?-
aeeo eaeie-eeai niaoeeaeueiie ii?iu, ii?aaeaeythuae
cia/aiea e i?aaiaua iineaaenoaey oaeeo cayaeaiee. Ii
ia aini?iecaiaeeo aeaaea nouanoaiaaaoaai IB no. 93 OIE
1923 aiaea i?aaeea i i?iaa?ea aiiieiiuo cayaeaiee,
/oi, ianiiiaiii, iauyniyaony io?eoeaoaeueiui a oeaeii
ioiioaieai caeiiiaeaoaey e oaeei cayaeaieyi.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, ninoaaeaiea aiiieiiiai cayaeaiey
iau/ii naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaaeinoaoi/iie niciaoaeueiinoe
cayaeoaey, i aai iaaeaeaiee ioaa/aoue ca naia aeaenoaea.
‘ Ni.
no?. 959.
a off
Yoe cayaeaiey ia?aaeei iniiauaathony ia aieuo i?aaeii-
eiaeaieyo, aeiaaaeeao eee neooao e .ia niaea?aeao oeacaiee
ia eaeea-eeai eiie?aoiua oaeou. Iiae/an iie iinyo
eeaaaoie/aneee oa?aeoa? ‘e aiai?yo i no?aieaiee ia/ano-
iuo ethaeae i/a?ieoue aeia?iniaanoiuo a?aaeaeai. Auei
au niaa?oaiii iai?aaeeueii i?eaeaaaoue iiaeiaiui caya-
eaieyi th?eaee/aneia cia/aiea, ?anoeaieaaoue eo eae ii-
aiae e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ni anaie auoaeath-
ueie ionthaea i?aaiauie iineaaenoaeyie. Yoi i?eaaei
au e ie/ai ia ii?aaaeaiiui i?iaa?eai n iineaaeoth-
uei auianaieai iinoaiiaeaiee ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea, /oi ia oieueei icia/aei au iai?an-
ioth ?aaioo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia e aaniieienoai
ioaeaeueiuo a?aaeaeai, ii e einaaiii iiiu?yei au ia-
/anoiuo
A oi aea a?aiy iaeuecy ia o/eouaaoue, /oi ii?aaeaeai-
iay /anoue aiiieiiuo cayaeaiee auaaao iainiiaaiiie,
A oaeeo neo/ayo aiiieiiinoue iauyniyaony no?aieaieai
cayaeoaey ecaaaeaoue
ey. Iiyoiio e aiiieiiui cayaeaieyi neaaeoao ioii-
neoueny inoi?iaeii: anee a ieo i?eaiaeyony eiie?aoiua,
oaaaeeoaeueiua aeaiiua i i?anooiiii aeayiee, oi ia i?e-
aeaaaoue yoiio cia/aiey oiaea auei au iaaa?ii.
A nayce n yoei aicieeaao aii?in: ia neaaeoao ee ana
aea i?eciaoue iaeioi?ua aiiieiiua cayaeaiey, niaea?aea-
uea eiie?aoiua e na?ueaciua naaaeaiey i i?anooieaiee,
iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Anee ia aeai-
iue aii?in aeaoue io?eoeaoaeueiue ioaao, oi iaecaaaeai au-
aiae, /oi ‘a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea a ?acoeueoaoa i?iaa?ee oa-
eeo aiiieiiuo cayaeaiee aicaoaeaeaaony oaieiaiia aea-
ei, iiaiaeii e yoiio yaeyaony iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio-
?aiea i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey. Iaeiaei yoi auei au ia nianai i?aaeeueii, ii-
neieueeo iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea a niunea iiaiaea
e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea i?aaeiieaaaao iaia?oaeaiea ia?ae/-
iuo aeaiiuo i i?anooieaiee naieie yoeie i?aaiaie,
aac oie’/ea ecaia, a caeanue oaeie oie/ie aue, i i?anooi-
eaiee inaaaeiiee
eiaiii a i?aaiecaoeee anaia?iaeiie ai?ueau n ieie ia
aeia?iaieueiuo ia/aeao.
Iiyoiio a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo, eiaaea Eiiio-
ienoe/aneie ia?oeae e Niaaoneei i?aaeoaeuenoaii ii-
noaaeaia eiie?aoiay caaea/a enei?aiaiey i?anooiiinoe
a no?aia, iniaaiii aaaeii aua aieueoa iiauoaoue aeoea-
iinoue eaaeaeiai o?oaeyuaainy a ai?ueaa n ia?ooaieyie
caeiia, i?eo/eoue naieo a?aaeaeai neaaeeoue ca i?aaiii?yae-
eii, oneeeoue eo iaoa?ieiinoue ei anyeei i?iyaeaieyi
i?anooiiuo aeayiee. Yoi o?aaoao ia oieueei aeaeueiaeoaai
oeo/oaiey iieeoeei-ainieoaoaeueiie ?aaiou n?aaee oe-
?ieeo neiaa ia?iaeiuo iann, ?inoa eo niciaoaeueiinoe.
Aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeiu oaeaea ananoi?iiiaa ?anoe?aiea
iianaaeiaaiuo naycae i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaae-
noaey e aeiciaiey n ianaeaieai, oneeaiea eo iiiiue o?o-
aeyueiny iannai a ai?ueaa n i?aaiia?ooaieyie, ?aoe-
oaeueiay iiaeaea?aeea ethaie oi?ioae eieoeeaoeau eaaeaeiai
a?aaeaeaieia.
A. E. Eaiei, Ni/., o. 26, no?. 371.
103
A /anoiinoe, a yoii ioiioaiee i/aiue aaaeii /ooeia,
aieiaoaeueiia ioiioaiea aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i?aaiia i?i-
eo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey
e cayaeaieyi a?aaeaeai i i?anooieaiee. Iaaei iia?aoea-
ii, ouaoaeueii e aac aieieeou ?anniao?eaaoue oaeea ca-
yaeaiey, naiaa?aiaiii eioi?ie?iaaoue eo aaoi?ia i i?e-
iyouo ia?ao, ia i?ioiaeeoue ieii neo/aaa aiiaiey ca in-
aaaeiieaiea i?aaiia aeanoe i i?anooiiuo oaeoao, ?aoe-
oaeueii ai?ioueny n iiiuoeaie ?ani?aaeoueny ca yoi n oai
eee eiui eeoeii. Aieiaoaeueiia ioiioaiea nicaeaao oi?i-
oea i?aaeiinueee e oiio, /oiau ?ieue cayaeaiee a?aae-
aeai eae iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a niaaoneii oai-
eiaiii i?ioeanna aua aieueoa aic?inea, /oi aoaeai niinia-
noaiaaoue oniaoo ai?ueau n i?anooieaieyie a oeaeii.
2. Niiauaiey iauanoaaiiuo i?aaieca-
oeee. A ea/anoaa ioaeaeueiiai, naiinoiyoaeueiiai iiaiaea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iie aia?aua auaeaeaiu a
i. 2 no. 108 OIE ?NON? 1960 aiaea. Iiae yoei iiaiaeii
iiae?acoiaaathony niiauaiey i?ionithciuo e eiiniiieue-
neeo i?aaiecaoeee, ia?iaeiuo ae?oaeei ii io?aia iauano-
aaiiiai ii?yaeea, oiaa?euaneeo noaeia, iauanoaaiiuo
einiaeoeee, ?iaeeoaeueneeo eiieoaoia e ae?oaeo iauanoaai-
iuo i?aaiecaoeee. Auaeaeaiea yoeo niiauaiee eae naii-
noiyoaeueiiai iiaiaea e’aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea au-
caaii oai, /oi ca iineaaeiea aiaeu ?acei aic?inea ?ieue
naiiaeayoaeueiuo e iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee a?aaeaeai
a ai?ueaa n i?aaiia?ooaieyie. Yoi e iiiyoii, eai ‘.
Oe?ieay .iauanoaaiiinoue ?aniieaaaao ii/oe eaia?a-
ie/aiiuie aiciiaeiinoyie auyaeoue iiaeaioiaeyaiia eee
niaa?oeaoaany i?ioeaii?aaiia aeayiea, i?ana/ue aai e
i?eiyoue i?ioeeaeoe/aneea ia?u n oai, /oiau i?aaiia-
‘
?ooaiea ai?aaeue ia iiaoi?yeinue. Iia eiaao ieeeeiiu e
ieeeeiiu aeac, eioi?ua iiaoo ana caiaoeoue, ana iaia?o-
aeeoue. *ai ci?/a niio?yo yoe aeaca, oai auoa ?ieue ia-
uanoaaiiinoe a auyaeaiee e i?ana/aiee i?anooieaiee,
a inaaaeiieaiee i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, Eiieoaoa aino-
aea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe eee ieeeoeee ia iauanoaaiii
iianiuo aeayieyo. Yoi niinianoaoao ia oieueei oeo/oa-
ieth ?aaiou aeaiiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia, ii e ii-
auoaieth iieeoe/aneie niciaoaeueiinoe e aeoeaiinoe
‘na’iuo oe?ieeo iann.
Niiauaiey iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee i i?anooiea-
iee iiaoo auoue eceiaeaiu eae a ienueiaiiie, oae e a ono-
iie oi?ia. Iie i?eciathony iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth aeae
ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey. Anee iauanoaaiiinoue niiauaao
i i?anooieaiee, ii eioi?iio aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-
ai aeaea o?aaoaony aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai, oi oaeia niia-
uaiea yaeyaony oieueei iau/iui enoi/ieeii ia?ae/iuo
naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee. A yoii neo/aa iiaiaeii e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao iineoaeeoue iaiin?aae-
noaaiiia oniio?aiea i?ieo?i?a, oae eae oi ianoiyoaeue-
noai, /oi aeaiiui i?anooiiui oaeoii caeioa?aniaaeanue
oe?ieay iauanoaaiiinoue, naeaeaoaeuenoaoao eae ?ac i oii,
/oi ii eiaao iniaia iauanoaaiiia cia/aiea. Niioaaono-
aaiii oiio a iinoaiiaeaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea a ea/a-
noaa iiaiaea iaaei oeacaoue iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea
i?ieo?i?a (a ia niiauaiea iauanoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee)
e ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny /. 3 no. 27 e i, 6 no. 108 OIE
?NON?.
3. Niiauaiey o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?ey-
oee, i?aaiecaoeee e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe. Iiae
yoei iiaiaeii iiae?acoiaaaaony inaaaeiieaiea i?aaiia
i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey i i?anooiiii
oaeoa niaaoneeie, oicyenoaaiiuie e aaeieieno?aoeaiu-
ie o/?aaeaeaieyie, eieoicii-eiiia?aoeaiuie e i?i-
iuneiauie i?aaiecaoeeyie, a ?aaii ioaeaeueiuie aeieae-
iinoiuie eeoeaie yoeo o/?aaeaeaiee e i?aaiecaoeee. I?e
yoii ,ia eiaao cia/aiey, i eaeii ?iaea iauanoaaiii iian-
iiai aeayiey eaeao ?a/ue: yoe o/?aaeaeaiey, i?aaiecaoeee e
eeoea iiaoo niiaueoue eae i neoaeaaiuo, oae e ia eiuo
i?anooieaieyo.
. Niiauaiey o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaiecaoeee
e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe, a ioee/ea io niiauaiee iauanoaai-
iuo i?aaiecaoeee, aeieaeiu auoue naeaeaiu a ‘ienueiaiiie
oi?ia (/. 3 no. 110 OIE ?NON?). Ii naiaio niaea?aea-
ieth iie aeieaeiu ioaa/aoue oioy au oai o?aaiaaieyi, ei-
oi?ua i?aaeuyaeythony e cayaeaieyi a?aaeaeai. Eia/a ai-
ai?y, a ieo ca iiaeienueth ?oeiaiaeeoaey niioaaonoaothuaai
i?aaia eee ioaeaeueiiai aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea e ni nnueeie
ia eiie?aoiua oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua aeieaeii auoue eae
iiaeii iiae?iaiaa iienaii aeayiea, eioi?ia, ii iiaieth
yoeo eeoe, yaeyaony i?anooieaieai.
Ii ?yaeo aaaeiinoa eiathony oeacaiey, i?eiaiyaiua
i?e ioi?ieaiee niiauaiey i i?anooiiii oaeoa. Oae,
3 aeaeaa?y 1936 a. IE.AO e I?ieo?aoo?a NNN? ecaeaee
i?eeac ? 73/15134, niaeanii eioi?iio niiauaiey i oe-
uaieyo a oi?oiaie naoe aeieaeiu niaea?aeaoue naaaeaiey i
ee/iinoe e eiouanoaaiiii iieiaeaiee iiaeio/aoiiai ee-
oea, ‘ia oneiaeyo ?aaiou aeaiiie oi?aiaie oi/ee e i ii?yae-
ea o?aiaiey IB iae oiaa?i-iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae. E
oaenoo niiauaiey aeieaeiu auoue ‘i?eeiaeaiu: aeo ?aae’
cee n oeacaieai ?acia?a iaaeinoa/e, eee noiiu iioe-
uaiiuo oeaiiinoae, ‘ia?eiaea ia?aciaaiey iaaeinoa/e ‘e
i?ioeaioa neeaeee .ia anoanoaaiioth oaueue; iauyniaiea ia-
oa?eaeuii ioaaonoaaiiiai eeoea; ‘caeeth/aiea aooaaeoa?a
i iaaeinoa/a; ana aeieoiaiou iiaeio/aoiiai eeoea, ia ‘i?e-
iyoua aooaaeoa?eae eee ?aaeci?aie. 26 aeaeaa?y ‘1937 A.
Oeaio?inithc e I?ieo?aoo?a NNN? i?eiyee oee?eoey?
? 89/4556, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui .a niiauaiee i oe-
uaiee eee iaaeinoa/a a nenoaia iio?aaeoaeueneie eiiia-
?aoeee aeieaeii ‘oeacuaaoueny: a /ai ninoieo .i?anooieaiea;
noiia iaaeinoa/e (iioeuaiiuo oeaiiinoae); ianoi, onei-
aey niaa?oaiey i?aaiia?ooaiey e a?aiy aai auyaea;
iey; eoi, ii iiaieth i?aaiecaoeee, aeieaeai ianoe ioaao-
noaaiiinoue; eaeea eeoea ‘iiaoo auoue naeaeaoaeyie ii aeaeo.
28 oaa?aey 1938 a. Ia?eiioi?a ‘e I?ieo?aoo?a NNN?
ooaa?aeeee oee?eoey? ? 11053, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui
niiauaiey i iaaeinoa/ao e oeuaieyo ia i?aaei?eyoeyo
oi?aiaee e iauanoaaiiiai ieoaiey aeieaeiu niaea?aeaoue
naaaeaiey i i?e/eiaiiii iaoa?eaeueiii oua?aa e i ii-
aeic?aaaaiii eeoea. E oaenoo niiauaiey aeieaeiu i?eea-
aaoueny aeo ?aaecee, iauyniaiea ‘iaoa?eaeueii ioaaono-
aaiiiai eeoea e o. ae.1.
Yoe aaaeiinoaaiiua aee?aeoeau iai?aaeaiu ia oi, /oi- .
au iaania/eoue auno?ia e i?aaeeueiia ?aoaiea aii?ina i
‘ Ni.
106
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, oneeeoue iia?aoeaiinoue
i?e ?aaae?iaaiee ia ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i i?anooiiii
oaeoa. Iie c.a eneeth/aieai ioaeaeueiuo ioieoia, iaycu-
aathueo cayaeoaey ioaa/aoue ia /enoi i?aaiaua aii?inu,
ia i?ioeai?a/ao caeiio. Eniieiaiea oaeeo i?aaeiena-
iee – neoaeaaiue aeiea ?oeiaiaeeoaeae niioaaonoaothueo
o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee. Ii anee oaeno
niiauaiey i i?anooieaiee ana aea ia niaea?aeeo o?aaoa-:
iuo aeaiiuo, oi yoi ia icia/aao, /oi niiauaiea ia ya-
eyaony iiaiaeii, ia iaoneiaeeaaao iaycaiiinoue aeieaeiino-
iuo eeoe i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaeno-
aey e aeiciaiey ?aoaoue aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaii-
ai aeaea. Ionoonoaea aeieoiaioia e naaaeaiee, i eioi?uo
aiai?eony a i?eaaaeaiiuo auoa oee?eoey?ao, ia iaiyao
i?ioeannoaeueiiai nouanoaa niiauaiey. I?e yoii oiaiue-
oaaony aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiay neea eiathueony ia?ae/iuo
naaaeaiee, ineiaeiyaony ?aoaiea aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ii ana aea i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u e i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ia inaiaiaeaeathony io iay-
caiiinoe a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea ?aoeiu yoio
Aeii?in.
Niiauaiey o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaiecaoeee
e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe yaeythony iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth
aeae ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey. Ii aeaeai /anoiiai e /anoii-
ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey iie iiaoo iineoaeeoue iiaiaeii
eeoue i?e oneiaee, eiaaea aeaiiia o/?aaeaeaiea (i?aaieca-
oeey) -i?eciaii iiaeoiii eee iiia/eoaeai iioa?iaaoaai
io i?anooieaiey eeoea. Yoi iieiaeaiea a oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa iaeioi?uo nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee au?aaeaii aeinoaoi/ii /aoei (iai?eia?, no. 33
OIE Oo?eiaineie NN? 1932 aiaea, no. ‘115 OIE A?ocei-
ieie ‘NN? 1960 aiaea). Iii ‘yaeyaony iaeiie ec aa?aioee
‘i?aa ianiaa?oaiiieaoeeo e ae?oaeo eeoe, eioi?ua a neeo
oyaeaeiai oece/aneiai eee ineoe/aneiai iaaeoaa ia iiaoo
^aunooieoue a caueoo naieo eioa?ania.
Niiauaiey o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaiecaoeee
e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe niaaoneei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ia i?i-
oeaiiinoaaeythony ae?oaei iiaiaeai, ia iaaeaeythony ini-
aie th?eaee/aneie neeie. Iie, eae e cayaeaiey a?aaeaeai,
Ii?iaeaeatho o i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e
.aeiciaiey iaycaiiinoue ?aoeoue aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, ii ioithaeue ia i?aaeii?aaeaeytho, eaeia ?aoa-
iea aoaeao i?eiyoi. Anee auynieony iaiainiiaaiiinoue
107
niiauaiey i i?anooieaiee, oi oaieiaiiai aeaea aicaoae-
aeaii ia aoaeao1.
4. Niiauaiey ia/aoe. Noaouee, caiaoee e ienue-
ia, iioaeeeiaaiiua a ia/aoe, a i?ioeii i?e ia?a/enea-
iee iiaiaeia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiii ia oii-
ieiaeenue. Ii oa i?aeoeea iie aeaaiui-aeaaii caaiaaaee
naaa ianoi a /enea iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a niaao-
neii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. Yoi iauyniyeinue oai, /oi a ni-
iauaieyo, ‘iioaeeeiaaiiuo a ia/aoe, iiae/an i?eaiaeyony
eiie?aoiua aeaiiua, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea i i?anooiiii
oaeoa. Oaeea niiauaiey ia iiaee ?anoeaieaaoueny eae
?aciiaeaeiinoue cayaeaiee a?aaeaeai eee niiauaiee o/?aae-
aeaiee e i?aaiecaoeee. Iie, a ioee/ea io yoeo iiaiaeia, au-
?aaeatho niaianoiia aieaecuyaeaiea aaoi?a ei??aniii-
aeaioeee e ?aaeaeoeee niioaaonoaothuaai i?aaia ia/aoe, iin-
?aaenoaii eioi?iai oe?ieay niaaoneay iauanoaaiiinoue
inaaaeiieyaony i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii i?anooi-
iii aeayiee. Yoi aieaecuyaeaiea au?aaeaaony niaa?oai-‘
ii ioaee/ii. Iii ia?auaii e e i?aaiai i?ieo?aoo?u,
noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey. Iiyoiio
iii .ii?iaeaeaao o ieo iaycaiiinoue ?anniio?aoue aeaiiia ni-
iauaiea, i?iaa?eoue i?aaeeueiinoue iienaiiuo a iai naa-
aeaiee e ?aoeoue aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Niiauaiey, iioaeeeiaaiiua a ia/aoe, iiauie oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuie eiaeaenaie nithciuo ?anioaeee
aeeth/aiu a ia?a/aiue iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaii-
ai aeae a a ea/anoaa ioaeaeueiiai aeaea (iai?eia?, i.C no. 89
OIE Ocaaeneie NN?, i. 4 no. 108 OIE ?NON? e o. ae.).
Yoi iaeaaaao ia i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey iaycaiiinoue nenoaiaoe-
/anee neaaeeoue ca ia?eiaee/aneie ia/aoueth (aacaou, aeo?ia-
‘ A i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue yoiio ai iiiaeo ao?aeoaciuo no?a-
iao neaaenoaaiiua e i?ieo?i?neea i?aaiu
ieyi aaeieieno?aoeee. AEo?iae a?aaeaeaineiai e oaieiaiiai i?aaa,
1882 a., ei. 9, no?. 55). Eeanniaay nouiinoue oaeie eiino?oeoeee,
i?ioeai?a/auae aeaaea i?aneiaooie eaeaa ?acaeaeaiey aeanoae a ao?-
aeoaciii iauanoaa, i/aaeaeia: iia caeeth/aaony a aaca?aie/iii one-
eaiee ?iee aaeieieno?oaaaiiai aiia?aoa’ a inouanoaeaiee noaeaa-
iie ?ai?annee, a i?aa?auaiee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna a i?eaeaoie ii-
eeoeaeneiai i?iecaiea.
eu e o, ae.), ia?auaoue naiia i?enoaeueiia aieiaiea ia
iioaeeeiaaiiua a iae noaouee, ienueia e caiaoee, iaiaae-
eaiii ?aaae?iaaoue ia ethaia ec yoeo niiauaiee, anee oieue-
ei a iai i?eaaaeaiu eaeea-eeai naaaeaiey i aioiayuainy
eee niaa?oaiiii i?anooiiii aeayiee.
^Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen aeaao oieueei i?e-
ia?iue ia?a/aiue ?acee/iuo oi?i niiauaiee ia/aoe.
E?iia noaoae, caiaoie e ienai, iiae niiauaieyie ia/aoe
iiaoo iiae?acoiaaaoueny oaeaea oaeueaoiiu, eioa?aueth, caJ
oe?e/aneea ea?eeaoo?u n eiiiaioa?eyie e anaaiciiae-
iua ae?oaea ei??aniiiaeaioeee. Aeey i?eciaiey iaee/ey
aeaiiiai iiaiaea aaaeii eeoue, /oiau oa eee eiua oi?iu
ei??aniiiaeaioeee auee iioaeeeiaaiu. Anee aea iie a ia-
/aoe ia iioaeeeiaaiu, a i?eneaiu a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo-
?u, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey ?aaeaeoeeae
aeey i?iaa?ee, oi ‘iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a niunea
niiauaiee ia/aoe iao: anoue oieueei iiaiae a niunea caya-
eaiee a?aaeaeai eee niiauaiee o/?aaeaeaiee.
5. ssaea n iiaeiiie. Iiae yoei iiaiaeii iiae?aco-
iaaaaony ia?auaiiia e i?aaiai i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaae-
noaey e aeiciaiey cayaeaiea oiai eee eiiai eeoea i niaa?-
oaiee ei naiei oaieiaii iaeacoaiiai aeayiey. Iaiayca-
oaeueii, /oiau i?e yoii eiaea ianoi ee/iay yaea a yoe
i?aaiu aaoi?a oaeiai cayaeaiey. Iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n
iiaieai, /oi aeey iaee/ey aeaiiiai iiaiaea e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iaiaoiaeeia ee/iay yaea naiiai
cayaeoaey a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, ieeeoeee eee Ei-
ieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe’. Iiaeiaiay iinoa-
iiaea aii?ina aaaeao e eneonnoaaiiiio noaeaieth niaea?-
aeaiey iiiyoey yaee n iiaeiiie. Iineaaeiyy iaeeoei e
oiaaea, eiaaea eoi-eeai cayaeo a niioaaonoaothuea i?aaiu
i niaa?oaiee ei oaieiaiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, aeiionoei,
/a?ac n?aaenoaa nayce eee i?e iin?aaenoaa ae?oaiai eeoea.
Aaaeii eeoue, /oiau cayaeaiea auei naeaeaii aeia?iaieue-
ii, ii eieoeeaoeaa naiiai yoiai eeoea. I?e iaee/ee aeai-
iiai oneiaey neaaeoao i?eciaoue yaeo n iiaeiiie iiaiaeii
e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea e ianoiyoaeuenoaii, eioi-
?ia a niioaaonoaee n i. 8 no. 33 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaa niya/aao oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue.
ssaea n iiaeiiie a i?ioeannoaeueiii niunea eiaao
ianoi oaeaea, anee eeoei cayaeyao i niaa?oaiee ei oaei-
1 Ni.
ai oaieiaiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, eioi?ia a neeo ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, oeacaiiuo a /. 2 no. 7 e a ‘no. no. 10-’11, 13-14
Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, ia ia?acoao ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey. Oaeia cayaeaiea iaycuaaao i?aaiu i?ieo-
?aoo?u e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ouaoaeueii ?a-
cia?aoueny a niiauaaiuo naaaeaieyo e oaeoao, oi/ii auyn-
ieoue iaee/ea eae naiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, oae e ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue, e n
o/aoii anaai yoiai ?aoeoue a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii-
?yaeea, anoue iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea
eee iao.
Iniiaiie i?eciae ?anniao?eaaaiiai ‘iiaiaea-yoi
oi, /oi eeoei, cayaeyy ia oaieiaii iaeacoaiii aeayiee,
ooaa?aeaeaao i naiae aeiiaiinoe a aai niaa?oaiee eee i
naiae i?e/anoiinoe e iaio. Iiyoiio ia aoaeao yaee n ii-
ae.iiie, anee eoi-eeai, oioy e niiauaao i niaa?oaiiii
i?anooieaiee, ii ne?uaaao naia o/anoea a iai. Iai?e-
ia?, a i?aaiu ieeeoeee yaeeny a?-iei *., eioi?ue cayaee,’
/oi, aa?ioaoenue ii/ueth n ?aaiou, iaia?oaeee a eiiiaoa
?an/eaiaiiue o?oi aeaiu, oaoeoie IB yoo ii/ue. Auei aic-
aoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei, ii eioi?iio *. aue eciaee/ai
a oaeenoaa. A aeaiiii neo/aa iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth aea-
ea iineoaeeei cayaeaiea eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai i?anooiea-
iea. Ii oai ia iaiaa ooo iao yaee n iiaeiiie, iineieue-
eo yoi eeoei, niiauay i oaeoa oaeenoaa, ne?uaaei naith
i?e/anoiinoue e iaio.
Ii oeacaiiue auoa i?eciae ia aeaao iniiaaiey oo-
aa?aeaeaoue, /oi yaea n iiaeiiie anoue cayaeaiea eeoea, ni-
;&a?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea. A ia/aea oaieiaiiai i?ioean-
na iaeuecy ioeoeeaeueii e a eaoaai?e/aneie oi?ia neacaoue,
/oi eeoei, yaeaoaany n iiaeiiie, aeaenoaeoaeueii niaa?oe-
ei i?anooieaiea e o/eieei eiaiii oi aeayiea, i eioi?ii
iii cayaeei. I?aeoeea ciaao neo/ae, eiaaea a oiaea i?i-
aa?ee iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey eee noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey aeaea auyn-
iyaony iieiay eee /anoe/iay ianinoiyoaeueiinoue cayaea-
iey yaeaoaainy n iiaeiiie. Iaeioi?ua eeoea a neeo oao
eee eiuo niia?aaeaiee eiiaaea auaeatho naay ca aeiiaiiai
a aeaenoaeyo, eioi?uo iie ieeiaaea ia niaa?oaee. Oae
iinooiee, iai?eia?, iaeee A., eioi?ue, yaeaoenue a ioaea-
eaiea ieeeoeee, niiauee, /oi ii ia eiaao ie ianii?oa,
ie iinoiyiiiai ianoa aeeoaeuenoaa, aeieaia a?aiy caieiae-
ny iaeeeie e?aaeaie, a ianeieueei aeiae oiio iacaae ooi-
110
iee a caoiia naiaai iaciaeiiiai niaooueueieea, i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueii iaeooea aai oaea?ii aooueeie ii aieiaa. Iicae-
iaa auei aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeaii, /oi A. ieeaeiai i?an-
ooieaiey ia niaa?oae, iaiaa?eaaao naay n oai, /oiau,
iiiaa a ianoa eeoaiey naiaiaeu, ioo/eoueny O(T ceioiio-
?aaeaiey nie?oiuie iaieoeaie, eioi?ui ii i?iaeieaee-
oaeueiia a?aiy no?aaeae.
I?ioeannoaeueiia cia/aiea yaee n iiaeiiie i?e ?ac-
iuo oeiao e oi?iao noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ii?aaeaeyaony ii-
?aciiio. A eieaeceoeeiiiii i?ioeanna, aaea ee/iia nicia-
iea iaaeiyaiiai n/eoaeinue oea?eoeae aeieacaoaeuenoa, yaea
n iiaeiiie neoaeeea ianoiyoaeuenoaii, aiieia aeinoaoi/-
iui ia oieueei aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii e-
aeey auianaiey ii iaio iaaeieoaeueiiai i?eaiai?a. A
ao?aeoaciii i?ioeanna a i?eioeeia aeiioneaaony i?iaa?ea
ooaa?aeaeaiee yaeaoaainy n iiaeiiie. Iaeiaei yoa i?iaa?-
ea iiaeao eiaoue ianoi oieueei i?e noaeaaiii ?anniio?aiee
aeaea. *oi aea eanaaony i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa ii
aeaeo, oi ooo nio?aiyaony ioaieinie eieaeceoeee-i?e
iaee/ee yaee n iiaeiiie iii ia/eiaaony aaciaiai?i/ii*.,
Ii niaaoneiio oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiio i?aao ya-
ea n iiaeiiie ii naiei iineaaenoaeyi i?eioeeieaeueii ia
ioee/aaony io inoaeueiuo iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieia-
iiai aeaea. Neaaeoao i?eciaoue ianinoiyoaeueiie iiiuoeo
iaeioi?uo niaaoneeo i?ioeannoaeenoia n/eoaoue aa
cia/aiey yaee n iiaeiiie, niiniaiia i?eaanoe e ioiaeaea-
noaeaieth iiaiaea e iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a ni-
aaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
Ii niaaoneiio caeiio yaea n iiaeiiie, eae e ae?oaea
iiaiaeu, iaeaaaao ia i?aaiu noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u, i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey iaycaiiinoue ?aoeoue ai-
i?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iia, iaeiaei, naia
ii naaa ia i?aaeii?aaeaeyao, eaeia ?aoaiea yoeie i?aaia-
ie aoaeao i?eiyoi. Cayaeaiea yaeaoaainy n iiaeiiie
aeieaeii auoue naiui aieiaoaeueiui aaoacii i?iaiaeece-
‘ Ni. I. A. Oea’a?, ssaea n iiaeiiie a ?onneii i?aaa, NIa.,
1916, no?. 25.
2 Ii. Ae. Ea?ieoeeee, I. No?iiiae/, OIE ?NON?, I”
1934, no?. 38,
///
?iaaii. Anee i?e yoii auynieony iaiainiiaaiiinoue naii-
iaaeiaiey (iai?eia?, iii ieaaeaony ?acoeueoaoii iai?a-
aeeueiie ioeaiee aeaiiui eeoeii iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe
naieo aeaenoaee) eee auyaeony iaeii ec ianoiyoaeuenoa, ii
caeiio eneeth/athueo oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue, oi a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iaaei iaiaaeeaiii ioeacaoue.
Ca iineaaeiea aiaeu cia/eoaeueii o/anoeeenue neo/ae
yaee n iiaeiiie ni noi?iiu eeoe, niaa?oeaoeo eae aino-
aea?noaaiiua, ‘oae e oaieiaiua i?anooieaiey. Oieueei a
iineaaeiai eaa?oaea ‘I960 aiaea, iai?eia?, a a. Eacaie
auei ianeieueei neo/aaa yaee n iiaeiiie. Oae, 31 aeaeaa-
?y yaeeny n iiaeiiie a i?aaiu ieeeoeee a?aaeaeaiei E.,
niaa?oeaoee i?anooieaiea, i?aaeoniio?aiiia no. 149 O1‘. Ionthaea iaeioi?ua i?ioeannoaeenou aeaeatho
auaiae, /oi oeacaiiua auoa aeieaeiinoiua eeoea ia eiatho
i?aaa ii naiaio oniio?aieth aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei,
anee iie ieacaeenue i/aaeaeoeaie i?anooiiiai oauoa2. Ii
n oaeei auaiaeii niaeaneoueny iaeuecy.
Ai-ia?auo, enoi?ey einoeoooa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea iieacuaaao, /oi iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea
eae iiaiae ia?aiia/aeueii iiieiaeinue eiaiii a niunea
iaaethaeaiey i?anooiiiai aeayiey. A no. 15 Eino?oeoeee
ia i?aaiecaoeee e aeaenoaee ianoiuo noaeia io 23 ethey
1918 a. iiae/a?eeaaeinue, /oi aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai
aeaea ii iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth i?ienoiaeeo a
oao neo/ayo, eiaaea noaeo, a eeoea oioy au iaeiiai ec nai-
eo /eaiia, i?eoeinue ‘iaaethaeaoue ia?ooaiea caeiiia3.
Eeoue ia aieaa iicaeieo yoaiao ?acaeoey aeaiiiai i?aai-
aiai einoeoooa iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea noaei
o?aeoiaaoueny oe?a.
Ai-aoi?uo, oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithc-
iuo ?anioaeee i?yii i?aaeoniao?eaatho /anoiue neo/ae
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ii iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio on-
iio?aieth noaea, eiaaea noaeuee yaeythony i/aaeaeoeaie i?a-
nooiiiai aeayiey-aea/e caaaaeiii eiaeiiai iieacaiey,
caeeth/aiey eee ia?aaiaea iaeiei ec o/anoieeia i?ioean-
na (no. 256 OIE ?NON?).
‘ Ni.
aui. 5, no?. 22.
2
3 NO ?NON? 1918 a. ? 53, no. 597.
8* 115
A-o?aoueeo, caeii, cai?auay i/aaeaeoeo i?anooieaiey
o/anoaiaaoue a aaaeaiee i?ioeanna, eiaao a aeaeo noaaeee
I?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?anniio?a-
iey aeaea, a ia aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoi ia
neo/aeii, eai a ia?aie noaaeee .i?ioeanna iao niunea ai-
ai?eoue ia ioaiaea. Aaaeue i/aaeaeaoe npeqrynHoro oaeoa io
aaaeaiey i?ioeanna iono?aiyaony iioiio, /oi:
a) oai naiui nicaeaaony aiciiaeiinoue i?eaeaeaoue
aai a ea/anoaa naeaeaoaey ii aeaeo;
a) i?acoie?oaony, /oi eeoei, eiay ca?aiaa neiaeea-
oaany oaaaeaeaiea, ia niiaeao aani?eno?anoii enneaaei-
aaoue ana nouanoaaiiua ii aeaeo oaeou e auianoe i?a-
aeeueiia, ii aianoa n oai iniiaaiiia eneeth/eoaeueii ia
iaoa?eaeao aeaea ?aoaiea. Iaaeaeo oai yoe ianoiyoaeue-
noaa ia iiaoo iineoaeeoue iniiaaieai e oiio, /oiau ee-
oeoue aeieaeiinoiia eeoei i?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiia
aeaei. Iie ia iiaoo auoue iaoaie/anee ?ani?ino?aiaiu
ia ia?aoth noaaeeth oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. A yoie noaaeee
aua ?aii iianaoueny, /oi aeieaeiinoiia eeoei ia noaiao
ananoi?iiia niae?aoue e enneaaeiaaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa,
i?eiao ?aoaiea, iniiaaiiia ia oieueei ia iaoa?eaeao
aeaea. *oi eanaaony i?eaea/aiey aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea,
yaeaoaainy i/aaeaeoeai i?anooieaiey, a ea/anoaa naeaea-
oaey, oi iii i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eneeth-
/aaony aiiaua, iineieueeo a yoie noaaeee i?ioeanna ieea-
eea aeii?inu ia aeiioneathony.
Iaeuecy oaeaea ia o/anoue, /oi aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaii-
ai aeaea i?ieo?i?ii, neaaeiaaoaeai e eeoeii, i?iecaiaey-
uei aeiciaiea, a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iie naie yaeythony
i/aaeaeoeaie i?anooiiiai aeayiey, iicaieyao ei iaiaaeeai-
ii i?aaei?eiyoue ana iaiaoiaeeiua ia?aiia/aeueiua neaae-
noaaiiua aeaenoaey n oeaeueth i?ana/aiey i?anooieaiey,
caaea?aeaiey aeiiaiiai, iouneaiey e cae?aieaiey aeiea-
caoaeuenoa. E yoi ia eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe i?eaea/ue a
aeaeueiaeoai yoi aeieaeiinoiia eeoei a ea/anoaa naeaeaoaey
ii oaeoai, eioi?ua ei aini?eiyou iaiin?aaenoaaiii a
iiiaio o/eiaiey i?anooiiiai aeayiey, eai aaaeaiea aeaeue-
iaeoaai ?anneaaeiaaiey aeaea ii?o/aaony ae?oaiio eeoeo.
Ii yoei niia?aaeaieyi iu iieaaaai, /oi oeacaiiua
auoa aeieaeiinoiua eeoea, neo/aeii ieacaaoenue i/aaeae-
oeaie i?anooiiiai aeayiey, iiaoo e aeieaeiu aicaoaeeoue
oaieiaiia aeaei, anee e oiio anoue iniiaaiea. Eia/a nic-
aeaaony iaii?iaeueiia iieiaeaiea, eiaaea aeieaeiinoiua
116
eeoea, ia eioi?uo aiceiaeaia ai?ueaa n i?anooiiinoueth, ia
.niiaoo aeoeaii ?aaae?iaaoue ia iauanoaaiii iianiua
aeayiey, niaa?oaaiua ia?aae ieie.
Aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaao oaeaea aii?in i oii, iiaeao
ee iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i?aa-
iia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e
aeiciaiey auoue iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth aeae /anoiiai e
/anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey. I?eioeeieaeueiue ioaao
ia iaai aeaaony a i. 7 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa, aaea aiai?eony i oii, /oi caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii
nithciuo ?anioaeee aiciiaeii i?aaeinoaaeaiea i?ieo-
?i?o i?aaa aicaoaeaeaoue yoe aeaea e i?e ionoonoaee aea-
eiau iioa?iaaoaai. Enoiaey ec yoiai, oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?anioaeee i?aaeoniao?eaatho
neo/ae, eiaaea i?ieo?i? iiaeao ainiieueciaaoueny oaeeie
iieiiii/eyie. Iai?eia?, no. 372 OIE Ocaaeneie NN?
oeacuaaao, /oi i?ieo?i? ‘ai?aaa aicaoaeeoue ii nianoaai-
iie eieoeeaoeaa ethaia aeaei /anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/ii-
ai iaaeiaiey, aneae ‘
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen Eacaoneie NN?
i?aaeinoaaeyao i?ieo?i?o i?aai aicaoaeeoue ii naiaio ia-
iin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth:
a) aeaea /anoiiai iaaeiaiey a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea
i?anooieaiea
/anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey i?e oneiaee, anee
88-89) OIE Eacaoneie NN?; ni. oaeaea i. 1 no. 111
OIE Eaoaeeneie NN?).
Noaouey 27 OIE ?NON? oaeaea i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi
a eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo, eiaaea aeaei /anoiiai eee /a-
noii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey eiaao iniaia iauanaaaaiiia
cia/aiea eee eiaaea iioa?iaaoee, a neeo aaniiiiuiiai
ninoiyiey, caaeneiinoe io iaaeiyaiiai eee ii eiui
i?e/eiai, ia a ninoiyiee caueuaoue naie i?aaa e caeii-
iua eioa?anu, i?ieo?i? ai?aaa aicaoaeeoue oaeia aeaei
ii naiaio iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth i?e ionoono-
aee aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai. Ii yoi i?aaeei ia ?ani?ino-
117
?aiyaony ia aeaea ia ecianeeiaaiee (/. 1 no. 117 OE
?NON?).
Caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii inoaeueiuo nithciuo ?anioaeee
i?ieo?i?o oiaea i?aaeinoaaeyaony i?aai ia aicaoaeaeaiea
yoeo aeae ii nianoaaiiie eieoeeaoeaa, anee iie eiatho
‘aaaeiue iauanoaaiiue eioa?an. Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iue eiaeaen Oo?eiaineie NN? 1932 aiaea iaaeaeye yoeie
iieiiii/eyie e noaeueth (no. 32). I?e yoii, ii-aeaeeiiio,
o/eouaaeinue oi ianoiyoaeueioai, /oi caaea/a caueou io
anyeeo iinyaaoaeuenoa i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania a?aae-
aeai a niaaoneii ainoaea?noaa (aiceiaeaia eae ia i?ieo-
?aoo?o, oae e ia i?aaiu nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?iainoaeey.
?aiueoa oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu iaeioi-
?uo nithciuo ?anioaeee ciaee aua iaeei iiaiae e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea – i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo-
?i?a. A i?ioeannoaeueiie eeoa?aoo?a iaiaeiie?aoii au-
neacuaaeinue iiaiea i iaiaoiaeeiinoe eneeth/eoue aai ec
/enea ioaeaeueiuo iiaiaeia, eae yoi auei naeaeaii a no. 16
OIE Oaaeaeeeneie NN? 1935 aiaea e a no. 88 OIE Oe-
?aeineie NN? 1927 aiaea. Eiaiii ii yoiio iooe iioee
iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee. E aeaenoaeoaeueii, i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a ie-
eiaaea ia aunooiaao a ea/anoaa ia?aii?e/eiu aicieeii-
aaiey aeayoaeueiinoe ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iii eiaao ianoi (iinea oiai, eae i?ieo?i? iieo/ee eee
ee/ii ‘iaia?oaeee naaaeaiey i i?anooiiii aeayiee e ia?aae
iei anoaea caaea/a ?anniio?aoue eo, i?eiyoue ii iei i?i-
oeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea. I?aaeeiaeaieth i?ieo?i?a ‘anaaaea
i?aaeoanoaoao iaeei ec ae?oaeo iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea-cayaeaiea, niiauaiea, yaea n iiaei-
iie eee iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea naiiai i?ieo?i?a .
Iiyoiio oaeia i?aaeeiaeaiea oaeoe/anee iiyaeyaony
oieueei a oiaea aeayoaeueiinoe ‘ii ?aoaieth aii?ina i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea e neoaeeo ‘ia iiaiaeii a niun-
ea no. 108 OIE ?NON?, a n?aaenoaii caiaiu noauaeoia
yoie aeayoaeueiinoe, n;?aaenoaii ia?aeiaeaiey niioaaonoao-
thueo iieiiii/ee n i?ieo?i?a ia neaaeiaaoaey eee ia
i?aaiu aeiciaiey.
Ia neo/aeii i?aeoe/aneea ?aaioieee iiae iiaeaiaeeee niaa?oaiii ae?oaea iiai-
aeu. Iai?eia?, a i?ieo?aoo?o iinooiaei cayaeaiea eee
niiauaiea i i?anooiiii oaeoa. I?ieo?i?ii iii ia?a-
aeaaaeinue neaaeiaaoaeth. Iineaaeiee a naiai iinoaiiaea-
i/a
iee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea a ea/anoaa iiaiaea
oeacuaae , oioy oaeoe/anee
iiaiaeii yaeyeinue cayaeaiea a?aaeaeai eee niiauaiea
o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaiecaoeee, i?aaei?eyoee eee aeieaeiino-
iuo eeoe.
Iaeuecy i?eciaoue oaeaaoaeny iiiuoeo A. I. Naaeoe-
eiai aeieacaoue, /oi i?aaeeiaeaiey i?ieo?i?a, naeaeaiiua
‘. Yoe ?annoaeaeaiey oaea naie ii naaa iaeiae/iu,
iineieueeo iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea i?ieo?i?a, ya-
eythuaany naiinoiyoaeueiui iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia iiaeao
eeai ae?oaiai iiaiaea. I?eaaaeaiiue A. I. Naaeoeeei a
eo iieueco aeiaiae i oii, /oi (A oeacaiiuo auoa neo/ayo
i?aaeeiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a yaeyaony
?i?a ie i?e eaeeo oneiaeyo ia iiaeao auoue i?eciaii
ie ia?aiia/aeueiui, ie i?iecaiaeiui enoi/ieeii naaaea-
iee, oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo i i?anooieaiee. Eia/a iaaei
n/eoaoue aai aeieacaoaeuenoaii, i?eciaoue, /oi i?ieo?i?
nai nicaeaao aeieacaoaeuenoaa ii aeaeo.
I?eaaaeaiiue auoa ia?a/aiue iiaiaeia e ‘aicaoaeaea-
ieth aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna yaeyaony iie-
iui, en/a?iuaathuei. Ii ioaaouaaao ana th?eaee/aneea
oae;ou, eioi?ua iiaoo aucaaoue aeayoaeueiinoue ii ?aoa-
ieth aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoe th?e-
aee/aneea oaeou, eae iu aeaeaee auoa, ii naiaio oa?ae-
oa?o aeiaieueii ?aciiia?aciu. Ia yoii iniiaaiee a ni-
aaoneie eeoa?aoo?a auea aeaaea naeaeaia iiiuoea aeaeeoue
eo ia iaycaoaeueiua e iaiaycaoaeueiua2.
‘A. I. Naaeoeeee, I?ieo?i?neee iaaeci? ca aeiciaieai e
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiui neaaenoaeai, I., 1959, no?. 151.
2 Ni. I. Aiae?aa ‘a, N. I i a e y n e e e, A. A a o ? i a. Oaieia-
iue i?ioeann ?NON?, ecae-ai , 1927, no?. 69.
Aeaeaiea iiaiaeia ia iaycaoaeueiua e iaiaycaoaeueiua auei ?an-
i?ino?aiaii a aei?aaiethoeeiiiie ?onneie th?eni?oaeaioeee. Oai, a
/anoiinoe, e /eneo iaycaoaeueiuo iiaiaeia ioiineee aeaeiao ii-
oa?iaauaai. Yoi icia/aei, /oi i?e iaee/ee oaeiai iiaiaea noaei-
119
Yoi, iaeiaei, a?yae ee ii?aaaeaii. Ana iiaiaeu, a /ai
au iie ie au?aaeaeenue, eiatho iaeeiaeiaia i?ioeannoaeue-
iia cia/aiea. Eaaeaeue ec ieo yaeyaony iaycaoaeueiui
a oii ioiioaiee, /oi aac iiaiaea ia aicieeaao aeayoaeue-
iinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ii ie iaeei ec
ieo ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny iaycaoaeueiui, aannii?iui a
niunea iai?aiaiiinoe auianaiey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea, iineieueeo i?e ethaii ‘iiaiaea aeaei
.ia/eiaaony oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea e oiio anoue aeinoaoi/iia
iniiaaiea.
3. INIIAAIEA AeEss AICAOAEAeAIEss OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
Aeey oiai /oiau i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea, a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa iaiaoi-
aeeii iaee/ea aeinoaoi/iuo aeaiiuo, oeacuaathueo ia
i?eciaee i?anooieaiey (iaee/ea iniiaaiey). Aicaoaeaea-‘
iea oaieiaiiai aeaea i?e ionoonoaee oaeiai iniiaaiey ic-
ia/aao na?ueaciue iaaeinoaoie a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia i?i-
eo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, iiaeao iiaea/ue
ca niaie ie/ai ia ii?aaaeaiiia noaniaiea i?aa a?aaeaeai,
ia?ooaiea nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe. Iai?aaeeue-
iue, iaiainiiaaiiue ioeac a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea aaaeao e oiio, /oi i?anooieaiea inoaaony ia?ane?u-
oui, eeoea, aai niaa?oeaoea,-iaiaeacaiiuie. Iiyoi-
io iainiiaaiiinoue aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea e io-
eaca a oaeiaii-iaeii ec iaeciaiiuo o?aaiaaiee Ni-
i?iecaiaenoai aeieaeii ia/aoueny aannii?ii, iacaaeneii io iainii-
aaiiinoe aeaeiau. I?ieo?i? ia eiae i?aaa aaeaaaoueny a ioeaieo
oaeoe/aneie noi?iiu aeaeiau, ioeacaoue a
/oiau aeaeiaa ioaa/aea oi?iaeueiui o?aaiaaieyi, niaea?aeaea a
naaa oi/iia iienaiea th?eaee/aneeo i?eciaeia i?aaiia?ooaiey e
nnueeo ia ii?iu iaoa?eaeueiiai e i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa
(ni. I. ss. O a o a a ?. AEaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai i?e i?anooieaieyo
iaioeoeeaeueiuo, X., 1909, no?. 274, 280). Eeanniaia nouanoai yoie
eiioeaioeee caeeth/aeinue a oii, /oi iia, n iaeiie noi?iiu, noaaeea
A aaccaueoiia iieiaeaiea oao, eoi aaeaeo iaaeiionoeiinoe au-
nieiiiea/eaaaiie aaeaieaoneie iiiiue ia iia ninoaaeoue aeaeiao
n niaethaeaieai anao oi?iaeueiinoae, n ae?oaie – iiiiaaea i?aaenoa-
aeoaeyi eioueo eeannia eniieueciaaoue noaeaaiue i?ioeann i?ioea
.iaoaiaeiuo ei eeoe. Aa ?aaeoeeiiiinoue onoaoaeyeanue aua oai, /oi
iioa?iaaoaio i?aaeinoaaeyeinue i?aai o?aaiaaoue iaoa?eaeueiia aic-
iaa?aaeaeaiea iiae oa?icie aicaoaeaeaiey a noaea iaaeiaiey e oai
naiui ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ethaeueie iecaiaeeeenue aei iaiiauo.
ISO
eaoieiaa ainoaea?noaa, i?aaeuyaeyaiuo ‘e i?ieo?aoo?a,
noaeo e i?aaiai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. Yoi
o?aaiaaiea iaecia?eii aic?inei a ianoiyuaa a?aiy,
eiaaea ia?oey e i?aaeoaeuenoai i?iaiaeyo aaaeiaeoea ia-
?u ii aeaeueiaeoaio oe?aieaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeii-
iinoe, ii oneeaieth aa?aioee i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania
niaaoneeo a?aaeaeai.
Iaeiaei aii?in ia iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea a i?ioeannoaeueiie eeoa?aoo?a inaauai ana
aea iaaeinoaoi/ii iieii e ynii. A iaeioi?uo ?aaioao
i?aaei?eieiaaony iiiuoea ?ane?uoue niaea?aeaiea aeaiii-
ai iiiyoey iooai iaoaie/aneiai ia?a/eneaiey ioaeaeue-
iuo iiaiaeia e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea”. Yoei naiui ii no-
uanoao niaoeaathony iiaiaeu e iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai aeaea-aeaa i?ioeannoaeueiuo iiiyoey,
eaaeaeia ec eioi?uo, i?e anae eo aeecinoe, eiaao naii-
noiyoaeueiia cia/aiea.
Aaoi?u ?yaea ?aaio iiae iniiaaieai e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea iiae?acoiaaatho iaee/ea a ia?ae/iii
iaoa?eaea oeacaiey ia i?eciaee i?anooieaiey2. Iaaeaeo
oai yoiai iaaeinoaoi/ii. I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi ia-
?aaeei cayaeoaeue aiai?eo i iaee/ee i?eciaeia ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey e aeaaea nnueaaony ia eiie?aoioth noaoueth
oaieiaiiai caeiia, a i?e iaiaoiaeeiie i?iaa?ea aai
cayaeaiea ieacuaaaony ianiioaaonoaothuei aeaenoaeoaeue-
iinoe, ?acoeueoaoii eeai iaiaaeeaaeauaai ciaiey oaeoia,
eeai iai?aaeeueiie ioeaiee noaiaie eo iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe. Iiyoiio iaeuecy noaaeoue iniiaaiea e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea a caaeneiinoue oieueei io oiai,
niaea?aeeony a cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) oeacaiea ia i?e-
ciaee i?anooieaiey eee iao. Iii a ?aaiie ia?a caaeneo
io oiai, eiathony eiie?aoiua aeaiiua i oii, /oi niia-
uaaiue oaeo eiae ianoi a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, eee iao.
*aoa anaai niaaoneea i?ioeannoaeenou iiae iniiaa-
ieai e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iiieiatho iaee-
/ea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, oeacuaathueo ia nouanoaiaa-
‘ Ni.
?i?a, I., aui. 4, 1938, no?. 16.
2 Ni. I. O. O a ? a n i a-? i ae e i i i a, I?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaae-
noaea, I” 1955, no?. 40; ?. Ae. ?aooiia, Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaii-
ai aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, I., 1954, no?. 45;
121
iea i?anooiiiai aeayiey’. Ii i?e yoii inoaaeythony a
noi?iia ianoiyoaeuenoaa, a neeo caeiia i?aiyonoaothuea
aicieeiiaaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iaaeaeo oai Iniiau
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aeaaay ioi?aaiua iieiaea-
iey, iB io. no. 3 e 5 oeacuaatho, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei aic-
aoaeaeaaony i?e iaee/ee i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey e io-
noonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo oaieiaioth io-
aaonoaaiiinoue ca aeayiea.
Ia/aoeinoue a inaauaiee aeaiiiai aii?ina eiiaaea io-
?eoeaoaeueii neacuaaaony ia ?aaioa i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo-
?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey. I?ae-
oeea iieacuaaao, /oi ana aua cia/eoaeueii eiee/anoai
aeae, i?ae?auaiiuo ‘a noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey, a oii /enea ca ionoonoaeai niauoey eee ninoa-
aa i?anooieaiey, a yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaee/ee oae-
,oia aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aac aeinoaoi/iiai in-
iiaaiey, /oi aeieaeii ?anoeaieaaoueny eae ia?ooaiea ni”‘
oeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe.
Enoiaeiui iieiaeaieai i?e ?aoaiee aeaiiiai aii?i–
na yaeythony iinoaiiaeaiey caeiia, /oi
anoue iaeii ec ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai
ii aeaeo (no. no. 5, 108 OIE ?NON?). Ec ieo iiaeii aea-
eaoue auaiae i oii, /oi iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a
niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna-yoi eiie?aoiua oaeoe-.
/aneea aeaiiua i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai aeayiey e ia io, I., 1956, no?. 118-121.
122
eiaeeaaaony i?aaeaea anaai eiie?aoiuie iauaeoeaiuie
aeaiiuie, naeaeaoaeuenoaothueie ia ii?aaeaeaiiii
i?anooiiii aeayiee, i aai iaoa?eaeueiuo i?eciaeao. Anee
iao naaaeaiee i oaeii aeaenoaee eee aacaeaenoaee, oi iao
e iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iaee/ea
eaeeo-eeai aeaiiuo ia aioeiauanoaaiiuo iuneyo eee
oaaaeaeaieyo eeoea, i aai caiunea niaa?oeoue i?aaiia?o-
oaiea eee ia iianiii oa?aeoa?a naiiai yoiai eeoea
ia iaiyao iieiaeaiey, anee ionoonoaoao eiie?aoiia i?a-
nooiiia aeayiea – aioiayuaany eee niaa?oaiiia. A ii-
aeiaiuo neo/ayo iiaeii i?aaei?eiyoue i?ioeeaeoe/aneea
ia?u, ii iaeuecy aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, iineieueeo
iniiaaieai anyeie oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe yaeyaony
aeia eeoea a niaa?oaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai i?anooieaiey.
Aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aiieia aeinoaoi/-
ii, anee eiathueany iauaeaaeaiua aeaiiua naeaeaoaeueno-
aotho i naiii oaeoa i?anooieaiey. Iaeuecy i?eciaoue
i?aaiia?iui ano?a/athuaany n?aaee iaeioi?uo i?ieo-
?i?neeo ?aaioieeia o?aaiaaiea, /oiau eiaeenue oaeaea
naaaeaiey i eeoeao, aeiiaiuo a niaa?oaiee aeaiiiai aeay-
iey, eee ii e?aeiae ia?a i ?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe ecia-
ee/aiey eo a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, o.a.
-i
eaao ec oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e
aaaeao e /?acia?iiio ?anoe?aieth i?iaa?ee ia?ae/iiai
iaoa?eaea i i?anooieaiee, e iaaeiionoeiiio caoyaeaa-
ieth ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iii, e?iia oiai, iiaeao iiaea/ue ca niaie iaiainiiaai-
iue ioeac .’a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, iao?aaeyy
aieiaiea e oneeey i?aaiia aeiciaiey e neaaenoaey oieueei
ia aieaa eaaei ?ane?uaaaiua i?anooieaiey. Ia i?aeoe-
ea ano?a/athony oaeea neo/ae. Iaeei neaaeiaaoaeue
iinea aeaooiaaeaeueiie oaeoa oeuaiey 200 ea
i?eiaaeeaaeauaai eieoico ca?ia auian iinoaiia-
eaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea,
eioi?ia iioeae?iaaeinue oai, /oi
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oaeoo oeuaiey 32,1 i
aia?eea, oae eae o iaai ia auei
i?ioeaicaeiiia. Iaeuecy ioeacaoue a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ca
123
ny naaaeaiey i naiii i?anooiiii oaeoa. Iniiau oaieia-
iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua ei-
aeaenu nithciuo ?anioaeee iaycuaatho aicaoaeeoue oaieia-
iia aeaei ii eaaeaeiio na?ueaciiio i?anooieaieth, iaca-
aeneii io oiai, anoue eaeea-eeai naaaeaiey i i?aaiia?o-
oeoaeyo eee iao. Yoi e iiiyoii, eai ?aoaiea aii?ina
i aeiiaiuo a i?anooiiii aeayiee e i aeieacaoaeuenoaao,
iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey eciaee/aiey eo,-caaea/a ia noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, a iineaaeothueo noaaeee
niaaoneiai oaieiayiai i?ioeanna.
II. Aeey oiai /oiau iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea auei iaeeoei, iaiaycaoaeueii eiaoue aiieia
aeinoiaa?iue auaiae i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii
i?anooiiii aeayiee. Aeinoaoi/ii, anee yoi aeayiea iiae-
oaa?aeaeaaony n 0’i?aaeaeaiiie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe, anee
i iai anoue na?ueaciia i?aaeiieiaeaiea, auoaeathuaa ec
eiie?aoiuo oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. ^ Iaeuecy niaeaneoueny
n iiaieai, /oi i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iaia-
oiaeeii enoiaeeoue
noaea, i?aaiia neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey aeinoiaa?iinoue nooue
aaconeiaiay aa?iinoue niioaaonoaothuaai auaiaea, enoei-
iinoue, iieiia niioaaonoaea iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueii-,
noe oaioia, n eioi?uie iie eiatho aeaei. I aeinoiaa?ii-
noe iiaeii aiai?eoue oiaaea, eiaaea yoe i?aaiu ioiine-
oaeueii aeaiiiai oaeoa eiatho en/a?iuaathuea naaaeaiey,
ciatho aai ananoi?iiia, ai anao nouanoaaiiuo /a?oao,
iieiinoueth oaaaeaeaiu a aai nouanoaiaaiee. Aiai?eoue i
iae i?aaiia?ii, iai?eia?, i?e i?eaea/aiee oiai eee
eiiai eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa ia-
aeiyaiiai, i?e ninoaaeaiee iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth/a-
iey ii aeaeo e i?e auianaiee noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a. A
ia?aie aea noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna aeiaeaaoueny aei-
noiaa?iiai auaiaea i i?anooieaiee ?aii. Ooo aua iaec-
aanoiu iiiaea aeaoaee i?eciaaaaiiai i?anooiiui oae-
oa, ciaiey i iai iiae/an i?iaeaiaoe/iu, iniiauaathony
ia ia?aie/aiiuo, a ii?ith aeaaea ia aiaoia i?ioeai?a-
/eauo aeaiiuo.
Yoi, eiia/ii, ia icia/aao, /oi iiaeii oniio?aoue in-
iiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea aeaaea i?e oa-
eeo aeaiiuo, enoeiiinoue eioi?uo ca?aiaa noaaeony iiae
‘ A. I. Aaneeueaa, ?anniio?aiea niiauaiee i niaa?oaiiuo
i?anooieaieyo, I., 1954, no?. a.
124 .
na?ueaciia niiiaiea, aaaaeaiey, eaaeauea a iniiaa auaiaea
i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai oaeoa, naie ii naaa aeieaeiu
auoue na?ueaciuie, oaaaeeoaeueiuie. Ii iaiaycaoaeueii,
/oiau iie auee iieiuie, ai anao aeaoaeyo iaaeaeo niaie
niaeaniaaiiuie e aaconeiaii eneeth/aee i?ioeaiiieiae-
iue auaiae. ,
Aeaaea a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea oaeo i?aae?oaaeyaony ia-
niiiaiiui, i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aua iao
aeinoaoi/iuo aeaiiuo i anao aai nouanoaaiiuo /a?oao e
iioiio aiai?eoue ia enoeiiinoe yoiai oaeoa, i aeinoiaa?-
iinoe auaiaea i iai iaeuecy. Ooo neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo,
/oi i/aaeaeiinoue e aeinoiaa?iinoue (enoeiiinoue) – iiiy-
oey ia oiaeaeanoaaiiua, /oi a i?e?iaea e iauanoaa iie ia
anaaaea niaiaaeatho. Iai?eia?, i?aaenoaaeyaony i/aaeae-
iui, /oi nieioea a?auaaony aie?oa caiee, /oaoi ninoi-
eo ec aaniethoii canouaoeo aauanoa, ?aeuenu aeaeaciie
aei?iae aaea-oi aaeaee niaaeeiythony e o. ae. Oiaaea eae aei-
noiaa?ii ecaanoii, /oi ana yoi ia niioaaonoaoao aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe. Iiyoiio iaaei
oiaoue aeaeaoue ca i/aaeaeiinoueth ae?oaea aiciiaeiua auai-
aeu. Yoi-ia oieueei noaoai ineoieiae/aneia o?aaiaaiea.
I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi oaeiu, eioi?ua i?e aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea i?aaenoaaeythony aiieia i/aaeae-
iuie, a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ia?aaeei
nouanoaaiii aeaeieciaiythony, ‘iieo/atho eioth ie?aneo
eee ii?iaa?aathony aiiaua. I?eaaaeai oaeie i?eia?.
I?ieo?aoo?ie auei aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei ii oae-
oo iaaeinoa/e oiaa?i-iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae ia noiio
22319 ?oa.’ o caaaaeothuaai oieaa?iaaii. Oaeo iaaeinoa-
/e iiaeoaa?aeaeaeny aeoii aeieoiaioaeueiie ?aaecee, nee-
/eoaeueiuie aaaeiiinoyie, iauyniaieyie aooaaeoa?a,
?aaeci?ia e naiiai iaoa?eaeueii ioaaonoaaiiiai eeoea.
A iiiaio aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea ii ie o eiai ia aucuaae
niiiaiey. A oiaea neaaenoaey auei aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaea-
ii, /oi iaaeinoa/e ?aaeueii ia nouanoaoao, /oi iia yaey-
aony ?acoeueoaoii ioionea oiaa?ia aac aeieoiaioia ii
ioeaea. Neaaeiaaoaeue i?ae?aoee aeaei i?iecaiaenoaii ca
ionoonoaeai niauoey i?anooieaiey, ii yoi ia icia/aei,
/oi iii auei aicaoaeaeaii iai?aaeeueii.
O?aaiaaiea i oii, /oiau i?e iaee/ee niiiaiey a
enoeiiinoe, aeinoiaa?iinoe auaiaea i nouanoaiaaiee i?a-
i Caeanue e aeaeaa aeaiaaeiua noiiu au?aaeaiu a noa?ii ianooaaa
oeai.
125
nooiiiai oaeoa oaieiaiia aeaei ia aicaoaeaeaeinue, ia-
i?eaieaii e ii ae?oaei niia?aaeaieyi. Iii, ai-ia?auo,
aaaeao e iaaeiionoeiiio ?anoe?aieth i?iaa?ee ia?ae/-
iuo iaoa?eaeia i i?anooieaiee, e caiicaeaeiio aicaoae-
aeaieth e oaiaeaioeeiciiio ?anneaaeiaaieth oaieiaiuo aeae.
I?e oaeie iinoaiiaea aii?ina, ai-aoi?uo, iiaeao nic-
aeaoueny iaaa?iia i?aaenoaaeaiea i ninoiyiee i?anooiii- ‘
noe, oae eae eaaeaeue oaeo, ii eioi?iio aicaoaeaeaaony
oaieiaiia aeaei, ai?ei?e aa?aony ca aannii?ii nouano-
aothuee.
* Oaeei ia?acii, aeey iaee/ey iniiaaiey e aicaoae-
aeaieth aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna aeinoaoi/ai
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiue, aa?iyoiue auaiae i niioaaonoaothueo
oaeoao. Aai, iaeiaei, iaeuecy niaoeaaoue n oai ‘i?aaeiieiaea-
ieai i i?anooieaiee, eioi?ia eiaaony a iiaiaeao e aic-
aoaeaeaieth aeaea. Yoi – i?aaeiieiaeaiea (a iaeioi?uo
neo/ayo eaoaai?e/aneia ooaa?aeaeaiea), enoiaeyuaa io ,
eeoea, eioi?ia ia oiieiiii/aii ?aoaoue i?ioeannoaeueiua
aii?inu. I?e iaiin?aaenoaaiiii oniio?aiee a niunea
iiaiaea oioy e eiaaony i?aaeiieiaeaiea aeieaeiinoiiai
eeoea i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaae-
noaey e aeiciaiey, ii yoi-/aua anaai i?aaeiieiaeaiea,
aua ia i?iaa?aiiia, oieueei /oi aicieeoaa a nayce n ia-
ia?oaeaieai naiuo iaueo, ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?e-
ciaeao i?anooieaiey. Ethaia ec yoeo _ i?aaeiieiaeaiee
iiaeaa?aaaony ouaoaeueiie i?iaa?ea, i?aaeaea /ai aeaeaoue
auaiae i aai iainiiaaiiinoe. Eiaaea aea ?a/ue eaeao ia in-
iiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, oi eiaaony a
aeaeo auaiae, eioi?ue aeaeaaony aeieaeiinoiui eeoeii i?-
aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey a ?a-
coeueoaoa aieiaoaeueiiai aiaeeca iauaeoeaiuo aeaiiuo,
eiathueony a (ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea eee aeiauouo ‘a oiaea
aai i?iaa?ee.
I?aaeaa?eoaeueiue auaiae, eioi?ui iaoneiaeeaaaony
iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, iaeuecy oae-
aea niaoeaaoue n aa?neae. Neaaenoaaiiay aa?ney-yoi
aa?iyoiia iauyniaiea niauoey, i?aaeiieiaeaiea i aai
aiciiaeiinoe e oieueei. Iia aaaeia aeey oiai, /oiau ii?a-
aeaeeoue, a eaeii iai?aaeaiee aeieaeii aanoenue aeaei, /oi-
au ?aoeoue, aaea eneaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa. Iaeiaei naie ii
naaa aa?nee ieeiei ia?acii ia iiaoo iineoaeeoue aeinoa-
oi/iui iniiaaieai aeey i?eiyoey i?ioeannoaeueiuo ?aoa-
iee, a oii /enea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Eo ii
126
aeaeo iiaeao auoue ianeieueei, i?e/ai ioithaeue ia iayca-
oaeueii, /oiau eaaeaeay ec ieo iiaee?aieyeanue eiie?aoiu-
ie oaeoe/aneeie aeaiiuie, acyouie ec onoaiiaeaiiuo
caeiiii enoi/ieeia. Aa?nee ia?aaeei no?iyony eneeth/e-
oaeueii ia eioi?iaoeeiiiii iaoa?eaea iia?aoeaii-?i-
cuneiiai ii?yaeea, ia neooao, eioi?ua oiaeyo a oii eee
eiii eieeaeoeaa, ia eiooeoeee e o. ae. A ioee/ea io yoiai,
auaiae, eioi?ue eeaaeaony a iniiao ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia iiaeao aace?iaaoueny ie ia ei-
ooeoeee, ie ia aieuo i?aaeiieiaeaieyo, ie ia /e/oi noau-
aeoeaiii oaaaeaeaiee, ie ia neooao, ie ia eioi?iaoeeii-
iii iaoa?eaea iia?aoeaii-?icuneiiai oa?aeoa?a. Ii
aeieaeai auoaeaoue ec eiie?aoiuo iauaeoeaiuo aeaiiuo,
niaea?aeaueony a ii?aaeaeaiiuo enoi/ieeao. Oaeeie
enoi/ieeaie iiaoo i?eciaaaoueny oaenou cayaeaiee e
niiauaiee i i?anooieaiee, i?ioieieu, (iai?eia?, i?e-
aia onoiiai cayaeaiey eee yaee n iiaeiiie), ioeoee-‘
aeueiua ii?aaee, aeou, aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa,
iauyniaiey aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe e a?aaeaeai eee eiua
aeieoiaiou.
Neacaiiia, ?acoiaaony, ia icia/aao, /oi i?e ?aoa-
iee aii?ina ia iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea eiooeoeey e i?aaeiieiaeaiey, neooe e eioi?iaoeeii-
iua naaaeaiey iia?aoeaii-?icuneiiai ii?yaeea aiiaua
ia eiatho cia/aiey- Iie aeieaeiu auoue o/oaiu e i?iaa-
?aiu, iaaei oiaoue eie iieueciaaoueny, eaii?e?iaaoue e)A1
iaeuecy. Ii yoe oaeoi?u ia aeieaeiu eiiiaine?iaaoue ia-
aeinoaoie a iauaeoeaiuo oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. Niaoaiea
yoeo aeaoo aeaeia ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeiaia iaeiiai ae?oaei
e iaoiaiea ioee/eoue iauaeoeaiia io noauaeoeaiiai a
?yaea neo/aaa yaeythony iaeiie ec i?e/ei ioeaie i?e i?i-
aa?ea iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaao aii?in i ieieioia oao oae-
oe/aneeo aeaiiuo, eioi?ua a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa
aeieaeiu eaaeaoue a iniiaa auaiaea i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai
aeayiey. Ii ii yoiio aii?ino iaaiciiaeii aeaoue anaiau-
aiethuoth ?aoeaioo?o, ia neaouaaynue ia ?aeuenu oai?ee
oi?iaeueiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. A ethaie noaaeee niaaoneiai
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna ana oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua ioeaie-
aathony ii aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth niioaaonoaothueo
aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe. Iiyoiio aeinoaoi/iinoue oao eee eiuo
naaaeaiee aeey oiai, /oiau aeaeaoue auaiae i iaee/ee aioi-.
ayuaainy eee niaa?oaiiiai i?anooieaiey, a eaaeaeii
121
ioaeaeueiii neo/aa ?aoaaony_oai eeoeii, eioi?ia ?an-
niao?eaaao aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iae-
iaei iaeioi?ua iauea iieiaeaiey a yoii iai?aaeaiee
iiaoo auoue iaia/aiu.
A ioee/ea io i?eaea/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaao-
noaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa ‘iaaeiyaiiai, aeiionoeiiai oieueei
i?e iaee/ee aeinoiaa?iuo, ananoi?iiia i?iaa?aiiuo
aeaiiuo e i i?anooiiii aeayiee, e i niaa?oeaoeo aai
eeoeao, aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aeinoaoi/iu
naaaeaiey i naiii i?anooiiii oaeoa, i?e/ai iaiayca-
oaeueii, /oiau iie ?ane?uaaee aai ai anao nouanoaaiiuo
/a?oao. Anee, aeiionoei, oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua naeaeaoaeue-
noaotho i e?aaea, iaianaiee oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee eee
i ianeeuenoaaiiie nia?oe /aeiaaea, ii ia aiai?yo ia ia-
noiyoaeuenoaao niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey, i naycaiiuo
n yoei iiae?iaiinoyo, oi oaeay iaiieiioa ia eneeth/aao
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. ?aaiui ia-
?acii, anee eiathueany naaaeaiey, iicaieythuea naeaeaoue’
oaa?aeue auaiae io aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii i?a-
nooieaiee, ia eneeth/atho iieiiaoueth ae?oaeo aa?nee, oi
yoi oiaea ia yaeyaony i?aiyonoaeai e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea.
A ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna ia?aaeei iiaeii
ano?aoeoueny n aeueoa?iaoeaie, i?e eioi?ie auae?aaony
iaeaieaa oaaaeeoaeueiue (ii ia aaeeinoaaiiue), iaeaieaa
aa?iyoiue ioaao. I?eaaaeai aeaa i?eia?a.
I?ieo?i?o noaei ecaanoii, /oi a iaeei ec iaaaceiia
aeinoaaeaii ia 400 ea oeaaa aieueoa, /ai cia/eeinue a
iaeeaaeiie. Eceeoae oeaaa aue i?eiyo aac ?anienee.
Yoe naaaeaiey iiaee auoue enoieeiaaiu aeaiyei: i?inoay
ioeaea eee yieciae i?aaieciaaiiiai a?oiiiaiai oeua-
iey. Iineaaeiee auaiae yaeyeny iaeaieaa au?iyoiui,
iineieueeo ia eceeoae oeaaa aaeieieno?aoeey iaaaceia
ieeaeiai aeieoiaioa ia ioi?ieyea. Auei aicaoaeaeaii
oaieiaiia aeaei, ii eioi?iio oaeo a?oiiiaiai oeuaiey
iiaeoaa?aeeeny.
Iaeiaaeaeu ii/ueth ‘ia oeeoea aue iaia?oaeai a?aaeaea-
iei E., o eioi?iai ieacaeinue ?aiaiea aieiau. Iioa?iaa-
oee ia?aae nia?oueth i?eoae a nicaeaiea e iauyniee, /oi
iia?aaeaeaiea ii iieo/ee ei naiae iainoi?iaeiinoe,
aneaaenoaea oiai, /oi oiae ‘ia aei?iao. Yoi aeaaaei ‘aic-
iiaeiinoue io?eoeaoue a aeaiiii neo/aa i?anooiiue oaeo.
Ii ouaoaeueiue iniio? ‘ianoa i?ienoanoaey iieacae-
eyia. ?aia iaoiaeeeanue a eiaii-oaiai.iie iaeanoe, ni?a-
128
aa, auea ?anna/aiiay, ‘eiaea i?yiioaieueioth oi?io e
aeeeio ieiei 6 ni., a ea ianoa iaia?oaeaiey iioa?iaaoa-
ai ieeaeeo i?aaeiaoia, iiaoueo i?e/eieoue oaeia ii-
a?aaeaeaiea, ia ieacaeinue. Aicieeei i?aaeiieiaeaiea i ia-
ianaiee iioa?iaaoaio eai-eeai oyaeeeo oaeaniuo ii-
a?aaeaeaiee. Yoio i?aaeaa?eoaeueiue ‘auaiae iie?aeny ia
iauaeoeaiua aeaiiua e i?aaenoaaeyeny aieaa oaaaeeoaeue-
iui. ‘Neaaeiaaoaeue aicaoaeee oaieiaiia aeaei, a oiaea ?an-.
neaaeiaaiey eioi?iai aeaia iioa?iaaoaai e aa ciaei-
iue A. auee eciaee/aiu a .iaianaiee oyaeeeo oaeaniuo
iia?aaeaeaiee, iiaeaeoeo nia?oue iioa?iaaoaai.
A iaieo neo/ayo i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
eiathueany aeaiiua iicaieyee aeaeaoue oieueei i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiue auaiae i niaa?oaiiii i?anooieaiee. Ia eneeth-
/aeny iieiinoueth i?ioeaiiieiaeiue auaiae. Iaeiaei au-
aiae i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai aeayiey aue aieaa oaaaee-
oaeueiui, iineieueeo iy iiaee?aieyeny iauaeoeaiuie
Ae;1 EIUIE.
I?eiaieoaeueii e ioaeaeueiui aeaeai i?anooieaiee
ieacaiiia auoa iiaeao auoue ianeieueei eiie?aoece?iaa-
ii. Iai?eia?, aeey oiai /oiau aeaeaoue auaiae i iinyaa-
oaeuenoaa ii ainoaea?noaaiiia eee iauanoaaiiia eioua-
noai, aeinoaoi/ii naaaeaiee i iaee/ee: oeeoeaiiai aeoa
ia nienaiea iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae; iaii?eoiaeiaaiey
iieo/aiiuo oiaa?i-iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae; iacaeii-
iiai i?eiyoey aeey i?iaeaaee aauae ni noi?iiu; iiaeeiae–
iiai aeieoiaioa ii ioi?ieaieth aeaeaeaiey oiaa?ia; au-
aea/e iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae ii yaii oeeoeaiie aeiaa-
?aiiinoe; caaaaeiiiai iaiaia i?e i?eaia eee auaea/a
oiaa?ia; nie?uoey iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae io o/aoa
e o. i.
Aeey ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea ii oaeoo auionea iaaeia?iea/anoaaiiie, iaeiii-
eaeoiie eee ianoaiaea?oiie i?iaeoeoeee aeinoaoi/ai aeo
ath?i oiaa?iie yenia?oecu (eee eiie ?aaiioeaiiue aei-
eoiaio) n oeacaieai eiee/anoaa, iaeiaiiaaiey e iacia-
/aiey caa?aeiaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, i?e/eiu i?eciaiey aa
iaaeia?iea/anoaaiiie, iaeiiieaeoiie eee ianoaiaea?o-
iie, ianoa iaoiaeaeaiey yoie i?iaeoeoeee e i?aaei?eyoey,
ecaioiaeaoaai aa.
*oiau naeaeaoue auaiae i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai aai?-
oa, ‘i?aaenoaaeyaony aeinoaoi/iui, anee anoue aeaiiua i
oii, /oi aai?o yaeyaony ?acoeueoaoii iaaeicaieaiiiai
9 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea 129
aiaoaoaeuenoaa ae?oaiai eeoea. Oaeea naaaeaiey iiaoo
niaea?aeaoueny a cayaeaiee aieueiie, iauyniaieyo
aeeceeo ae eeoe, niiauaiee . ea/aaiiai o/?aaeaeaiey
eee a aeaea ioaeaeueiuo aauanoaaiiuo enoi/ieeia aei-
eacaoaeuenoa.
I?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae ii oaeoai ianeeue-
noaaiiie nia?oe a?aaeaeai eee iaianaiey ei oaeaniuo
iia?aaeaeaiee aeinoaoi/iu aeaiiua i naiii oaeoa, anee
iao i/aaeaeiuo naaaeaiee i oii, /oi yoio oaeo yaeyaony
neaaenoaeai aeaenoaey noeoeeiuo nee (aeaaeue io iaaiaeia-
iey, ii?aaeaiea iieieae e o. i.) eee (oaeiai ian/anoiiai
neo/ay, eioi?ue ia iaeaaaao ia eiai-eeai ioaaonoaaiiin-
oe (iai?eia?, naiiio?aaeaiea aeeiaieai).
Ia?ae/iua aeaiiua i na?ueaciuo i?ienoanoaeyo oiaea
aeatho aic-iiaeiinoue aeaeaoue auaiae i aiciiaeiinoe niaa?oa-
iey iauanoaaiii iianiiai aeayiey. Nthaea ioiinyony ia-
n/anoiua neo/ae ia i?iecaiaenoaa n /aeiaa/aneeie aea?o-
aaie, ianniaue iaaeaae iauanoaaiiiai neioa, aieueoea
aaa?ee ia o?ainii?oa eee a i?aaei?eyoeyo, a?oiiiaua io-*
?aaeaiey a ianoao iauanoaaiiiai ieoaiey e o. ae. Anee
aea a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey auynieony,
/oi i?anooiiiai aeayyey ia auei (aeiionoei, niauoea yae- ..
einue ?acoeueoaoii a?oaie iainoi?iaeiinoe iioa?iaaoaai
eee aeaenoaey iai?aiaeieeiie neeu), oi aeaei iiaeeaaeeo
i?ae?auaieth iinea ananoi?iiiaai enneaaeiaaiey i?e/ei
e ianoiyoaeuenoa i?enoanoaey.
Aii?in i iaiaoiaeeiuo ieieiaeueiuo aeaiiuo o?oae-
iaa ?aoaaony i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oae-
oai iaaeinoa/e. Eae ecaanoii, iaaeinoa/a iaoa?eaeueiuo
oeaiiinoae naia ii naaa ia ia?acoao ninoaaa i?anooiea-
iey. Iia aea/ao oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue oieueei i?e
oneiaee, anee. aa i?e/eia caeeth/aaony a i?anooiiii aeay-
iee – a oeuaiee, ceioiio?aaeaiee neoaeaaiui iieiaea-
ieai, a i?anooiii-oaeaoiii ioiioaiee e eniieiaieth
aeieaeiinoiuo iaycaiiinoae, a oie/oiaeaiee eee iia?aae-
aeaiee nioeeaeenoe/aneiai eiouanoaa e o. ae. Iiyoiio ioae-
iu naaaeaiey eae i naiii oaeoa iaaeinoa/e, oae e i aa
i?e/eiao. Oaeea aeaiiua iiaeii iieo/eoue ec aaaoa ?aaecee
e ‘i?eeiaeaiiuo e iaio aeieoiaioia. I?e yoii, iaeiaei,
neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi aeey neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo
i?aaiia, eae oeacuaaao Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN?,
aaaao, /oi a ?yaea neo/aaa iaoa?eaeu ?aaecee auaatho ia
| aiieia aeia?iea/anoaaiiu, e iaaeinoa/a, oeacaiiay a aeoa
?aaecee, iiae/an ?aaeueii ia nouanoaoao. Oaeea iieiua
iaaeinoa/e ieacuaathony neaaenoaeai: iai?aaeeueiiai ii?a-
aeaeaiey eieaeiiai inoaoea oiaa?ia, iaiainiiaaiiiai io-
eaca a i?eiyoee io iiaeio/aoiiai eeoea ii?aaaeaoaeueiuo
aeieoiaioia, ioeaee i?e en/eneaiee neeaeee ia anoano-
aaiioth oaueue, ianaiaa?aiaiiiai nienaiey enii?/aiiuo
ia ii aeia iaoa?eaeueii ioaaonoaaiiiai eeoea oiaa?ia, au-
aea/e iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae aac aeieoiaioia ii ioeaea,
ooa?e aeieoiaioia ii ioi?ieaieth aeaeaeaiey oiaa?ia e
a. i. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ioiaaeaao, iineieueeo oaeoe/anee iao naiie
iaaeinoa/e.
Oaeei ia?acii, aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau eiathueany aeaiiua naeaeaoaeuenoaiaa-
ee i ?aaeueiinoe auyaeaiiie iaaeinoa/e. Aeieaeiu auoue
oaeaea ii?aaeaeaiiua naaaeaiey i oii, /oi iaaeinoa/a ia-
?aciaaeanue a ?acoeueoaoa ‘i?anooiiie oaeaoiinoe, oeua-
iey eee eoiai iauanoaaiii iianiiai aeayiey. Anee ia?-
ae/iua aeaiiua i?yii oeacuaatho ia oi, /oi iaaeinoa/a
aicieeea ii i?e/eia iaiiuoiinoe iaoa?eaeueii ioaao-
noaaiiiai eeoea ee.e ec-ca aeiiouaiiiai ei aeenoeeieeia?-
iiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, oi iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth
o aieiaiiai aeaea eneeth/aaony.
Eae auoue a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea i?e ?anniio?aiee ia?-
‘ie/iiai iaoa?eaea ia oaeaaony ‘auynieoue i?e/ei ia-
aeinoa/e?
I?aeoe/aneea ?aaioieee ii-?aciiio ?aoatho aeai-
oue aii?in. Iaeie ec ieo i?eieiatho ‘?aoaiea i aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ae?oaea auiinyo iinoaiiaeaiea
ia ioeaca a oaeiaii. Oae, i?ieo?i? iaeiiai ai?iaea aic-
aoaeee oaieiaiia aeaei ‘ii oaeoo iaaeinoa/e oiaa?ia ia
12291 ?oa. o caaaaeothuae [iaaaceiii A., a iinoaiiaeaiee
i?yii oeacaa, ./oi .
Ae?oaie i?ieo?i? ioeacae a ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea ii oaeoo iaaeinoa/e iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae ia
13992 ?oa. o i?iaeaaoea E., iioeae?oy yoi oai, /oi
131
i?aaenoaaeyaony aiciiaeiui onoaiiaeoue, ii eaeie i?e-
/eia ia?aciaaeanue oeacaiiay iaaeinoa/a>.
; Iu n/eoaai, /oi i?e iaee/ee na?ueaciie iaaeinoa/e e
‘ Iaecaanoiinoe i?e/eiu aa ia?aciaaiey neaaeoao aicao-
aeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei. ?aaeueii nouanoaothuay iaaeinoa/a
ia iiaeao auoue aani?e/eiiie. Iia, eae i?aaeei, yaeyao-.
ny neaaenoaeai eeai aeenoeeieeia?iiai i?inooiea, eeai
i?anooiiiai aeayiey. Anee a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea, a oii
/enea a iauyniaiee naiiai iaoa?eaeueii ioaaonoaaiiiai
eeoea, iao aeaiiuo i oii, /oi eiaei ianoi eeoue aeenoeeiee-
ia?iia i?aaiia?ooaiea, oi auaiae i iai?anooiiii i?ien-
oiaeaeaiee iaaeinoa/e eneeth/aaony. Inoaaony i?aaeiiei-
aeaiea, /oi i?e/eia iaaeinoa/e e?iaony a i?anooiiii aeay-
iee. Yoi i?aaeiieiaeaiea e aeieaeii auoue ananoi?iiia i?i-
aa?aii, /oi iiaeii aeaeaoue oieueei iinea aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey.
Eia/a iao aa?aioee a oii, /oi i?anooieaiea ia inoaiai-
ny ia?ane?uoui, eeoea, niaa?oeaoea aai,- ia i?eaea-
/aiiuie e ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
dTo ia icia/aao, /oi a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo oaieiaiia
aeaei aicaoaeaeaaony ii aieiio i?aaeiieiaeaieth i i?anooi-
eaiee, ia iiaee?aieaiiiio eiie?aoiuie’ oaeoe/anee-
ie aeaiiuie. Ooo auaiae i aiciiaeiinoe niaa?oaiiiai
i?anooiiiai aeayiey iiaee?aieyaony iauaeoeaiuie aeai-
iuie.
Anee aea ?a/ue eaeao i i?aaeiieiaeaiee, eioi?ia ia iiae-
oaa?aeaeaaony ieeaeeie iauaeoeaiuie aeaiiuie, oi iii ia
iiaeao ninoaaeoue iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea. I?ae-
oeea iieacuaaao, /oi aeiaaaeea, io?ua io eiathueony naa-
aeaiee i oaeoao i?eaiaeeo e iaiainiiaaiiiio auaiaeo, e
iai?aaeeueiiio aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoi iiae-
ii iieacaoue ia oaeii i?eia?a. Iaeiaaeaeu oo?ii, caeaey a
io/iie neeaae, iaeia ec aeaa?ae eioi?iai ia caie?aeanue,
?aaioieee iaeueie/iiai caaiaea iaia?oaeeee a?aaeaeaie-
ia Oe., eioi?ue a iao?acaii ninoiyiee iiae . Neaaeiaa-
oaeueii, iauanoaaiiay Iianiinoue, oae aea eae e i?ioeai-
i?aaiinoue, ninoaaeyao iaycaoaeueiue i?eciae anyeiai
i?anooieaiey, aac iaa iao iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. f
Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi ,ia ethaay noaiaiue iauano-
iniiie iianiinoe i?eaeaao aeayieth, cai?auaiiiio oai-
eieeui caeiiii, oa?aeoa? i?anooieaiey. Ieaioi Aa?/
oiiiiai Noaea NNN? a iinoaiiaeaieyo io 19 ethiy 1959 a.
e io 19 aeaeaa?y 1959 a. TH aeayoaeueiinoe noaeaaiuo
i?aaiia a nayce n iiauoaieai ?iee iauaioaaieinoe a
133
ai?ueaa n i?anooieaieyie> oeacae, /oi aeaea i i?aaiia-
?ooaieyo, ia i?aaenoaaeythueo cia/eoaeueiie iaua-
noaaiiie iianiinoe, aeieaeiu i?ae?auaoueny i?iecaiaeno-
Ueii a oaieiaiii ii?yaeea a niioaaonoaee n /. 2 no. 7 In-
eia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, o. a. ca ionoonoaeai
i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey. Ionthaea neaaeoao, /oi ii ia?ae/-
iiio iaoa?eaeo, a eioi?ii ?a/ue eaeao ia oaieiaiii i?a-
aiia?ooaiee, ia eiathuai cia/eoaeueiie iauanoaaiiie
‘iianiinoe, iao iniiaaiey aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-
ea, iaaei ia?aie/eoueny i?eiyoeai ia? iauanoaaiiiai e
aeenoeeieeia?iiai aicaeaenoaey.
?aoaiea aii?ina i noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe
aeayiey, oae aea eae e i aai i?ioeaii?aaiinoe, i?aaeinoaa-
eyaony naiei i?aaiai i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey. Eiaiii aeieaeiinoiua eeoea
yoeo i?aaiia a neeo naieo ioeoeeaeueiuo iieiiii/ee ia
no?iai ioaee/iuo ia/aeao a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa
?anniao?eaatho aeaiiue aii?in e ianoaa iieioth ioaaono-
|aaiiinoue ca i?aaeeueiinoue aai ?aoaiey. Yoei, iaeiaei,
ioithaeue ia eneeth/aaony aiciiaeiinoue o/anoey i?e aai ?a-
oaiee oe?ieie niaaoneie iauanoaaiiinoe. A ?yaea neo-
/aaa oaeia o/anoea aeaaea iaiaoiaeeii, anee ?a/ue eaeao i
Cai?auaiiuo oaieiaiui caeiiii aeayieyo, niaa?oaiiuo
‘aac ei?unoe e ia iiaeaeoeo ca niaie oyaeaeuo iineaae-
noaee. Iauanoaaiiinoue iaeaaeaao i/aiue oeaiiui ea/ano-
aii i?ae?aniiai ciaiey aeecie, ianoiuo oneiaee, eiie-
?aoiie ianoaiiaee, ethaeae, eo acaeiiioiioaiee, oneiaee
eo o?oaea e auoa. Iiyoiio iia iiaeao ieacaoue aaaeioth
iiiiuue. Anee, iai?eia?, i?ieo?aoo?ie ?anniao?eaaaony
ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae i oaeaoiinoe eee i iaeioi?uo ae?o-
aeo iaei?unoiuo oaieiaiuo i?aaiia?ooaieyo, niaa?-
oaiiuo iaeiei ec aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe eieoica eee eiiia-
?aoeaiie i?aaiecaoeee . ii neoaeaa, oi iaaac?acee/ii
ciaoue, eae ioeaieaatho yoe aeaenoaey naie /eaiu aeaiiie
‘naeueneioicyenoaaiiie eee eiiia?aoeaiie a?oaee.Eiaaea
?aoaaony aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oae-
oo ia?ooaiey oaoieee aaciianiinoe eee a?oaiai ia?o-
oaiey o?oaeiauo i?aa ?aai/eo e neoaeaueo, aaaeii au-
neooaoue iiaiea eieeaeoeaa niioaaonoaothuaai i?aaei?e-
yoey (o/?aaeaeaiey) i noaiaie iianiinoe e aiciiaeiuo
iineaaenoaeyo oaeeo ia?ooaiee e o. ae. A iiaeiaiuo neo-
/ayo iauanoaaiiia iiaiea iiiiaaao aieaa i?aaeeueii
ii?aaeaeeoue noaiaiue iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe (neaaeiaa
eiie?aoii iaiaoeoue ia?aiia/aeueiia iai?aaeaiea^i?aae-
‘i./?eoneueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, eai au?aaioea neaaenoaai-
iuo aa?nee e ninoaaeaiea ieaia aaaeaiey ?anneaaeiaaiey
iaiuneeiu aac ciaiey oiai, i ?ane?uoee eaeiai eiie-
?aoiiai i?anooieaiey eaeao ?a/ue;
135
iaeiiaoe, a-iyouo, aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?aoaiey aii?ina
i caaea?aeaiee iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee i i?eiaiaiee e iaio
a ii?yaeea no. 90 OIE ?NON? ia?u i?ana/aiey, iineieue-
eo oa?aeoa? ioaaoa ia yoio aii?in oiaea caaeneo io
oiai, ii i?eciaeai eaeie noaouee oaieiaiiai caeiia ia-
/aoi aeaei.
Iaeuecy, eiia/ii, ia o/anoue oi ianoiyoaeuenoai, /oi a
ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna i?anooiiue oaeo /a-
ua anaai auaaao ecaanoai oieueei a iaueo /a?oao. Iiae-
ii, iai?eia?, iaia?oaeeoue /aeiaa/aneee o?oi n i?ecia-
eaie ianeeuenoaaiiie nia?oe, ii ia eiaoue oi/iuo naaaea-
iee ioiineoaeueii oiai, eioi?ia ec i?anooieaiee, i?aaeo-
niio?aiiuo a no. no. 66-67, 102-106, /. 2 no. 108 ‘e i. a
no. 240 OE ?NON?, niaa?oaii.
Iiaeii ?aniieaaaoue aeaiiuie i oeuaiee, ii ia ciaoue
aai eaaeeoeoee?othueo i?eciaeia. Ana yoi ia i?aeoeea
ano?a/aaony ^anoi. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo ana aeaoaee, iie-
iinoueth eiie?aoece?othuea ninoaa i?anooieaiey ‘ai anao’.
aai yeaiaioao (iauaeo, noauaeo, iauaeoeaiay e noauae-
oeaiay noi?iiu), onoaiaaeeaathony a i?ioeanna i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. Yoei, iaeiaei, aiana ia ii?iaa?-
aaaony neacaiiia auoa. Ionthaea eeoue neaaeoao, /oi i?e
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea i?eciaee eiie?aoiiai
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey oeacuaathony ia ieii/aoaeueii e ia
n iaeneiaeueiie oi/iinoueth, a oieueei i?eaioe?iai/ii, n
ii?aaeaeaiiie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe.
/^\ IV. Iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea iaioaeaeeii io,
oao ianoiyoaeuenoa, eioi?ua caeiiii i?eciathony i?aiyo-
noaeai e aicieeiiaaieth e aeaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa, a iniiaiii, ia?a/eneaiu a no. 5 In-
iia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Aieaa iieiue eo ia-
?a/aiue i?eaiaeeony a oaieiaiuo e oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iuo eiaeaenao nithciuo ?anioaeee. Oieueei iaeii ec yoeo
ianoiyoaeuenoa – iooonoaea aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai ii
aeaeai /anoiiai e /anoii-ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey-icia-
/aao ionoonoaea iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea. Ana inoaeue-
iua ianoiyoaeuenoaa iaoiaeyony a’i?aaie/aneii aaeeinoaa
n iniiaaieai e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iaeioi?ua ec yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa eaaeao iaiin?aae-
noaaiii a ieineinoe iiiyoey i?anooieaiey, eneeth/atho
iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ec-ca ionoo-
noaey niauoey eee ninoaaa i?anooieaiey. Nthaea ioiinyo-
ny neaaeothuea ianoiyoaeuenoaa.
1. Ionoonoaea niauoey i?anooieaiey.
Yoi ianoiyoaeuenoai i?aaeoniio?aii i. 1 no. 5 Iniia oai-
eiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa..Iii eiaao ianoi i?aaeaea ana-
ai a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea a oiaea ?anniio?aiey ia?ae/iiai
iaoa?eaea auyniyaony, /oi iao, ia auei a aeaenoaeoaeue-
iinoe oiai i?aaiia?ooaiey, i eioi?ii iinooieei niia-
uaiea (cayaeaiea).
auynieeinue, /oi N;, yaeythueeny o/eoaeai oeieu, acaeee
138
e ae?iaaie ii aeiaa?aiiinoe io aee?aeoeee oeieu, ii
i-ca oaeaoiinoe eanieea a eano ii ioeaea a?ocee ae?i-
n;i, ‘i?eiaaeeaaeauea ia oeiea, a niaoico. Ooo eiaea ia-
noi oaeoe/aneay ioeaea, eneeth/athuay aeio N. a ni-
aa?oaiee i?ioeaii?aaiiai aeayiey.
A-o?aoueeo, iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea ioiaaeaao ca ionoonoaeai ninoaaa i?anooieaiey i?e
oneiaee,, anee i?e eco/aiee eiathueony naaaeaiee auyn-
ieony, /oi aeayiea, i?aaeoniio?aiiia oaieiaiui caeiiii,
niaa?oaii a ninoiyiee iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu eee e?ae?
iae iaiaoiaeeiinoe. Ii onoaiiaeaiea yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
iau/ii i?aaenoaaeyaony aiciiaeiui oieueei a noaaeee
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. I?aeoeea iieacuaa-
ao, /oi aeaaea a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea ninoiyiea iaiaoiaeei
iie iai?iiu eee e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe eaaeaony ia-
niiiaiiui i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, /aua
inaai o?aaoaony ananoi?iiiaa enneaaeiaaiea anao aai aea-
oaeae, /oi iiaeao i?ienoiaeeoue oieueei neaaenoaaiiui io-
oai. Iiyoiio yoe aeaa ianoiyoaeuenoaa oaeoe/anee ia
anaaaea eneeth/atho aiciiaeiinoue aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaii-
ai aeaea.
A-/noaa?ouo, iao iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieia-
iiai aeaea ec-ca ionoonoaey ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, eia-
aea aeaenoaey eee aacaeaenoaea, i eioi?uo iinooiaao ni-
iauaiea eee cayaeaiea, yaeythony ia oaieiaiui, a aeen-
oeeieeia?iui, a?aaeaeaineii?aaiaui eee eiui i?aai-
ia?ooaieai, ia aeaeouei oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe,
eee i?inoi aii?aeueiui iiaaaeaieai. Ii iaeiiio aeaeo
aue inoaeaeai ca oeuaiea a?aaeaeaiei A. ca oi, /oi ii,
eiay oa oi aeiaiai? n .eieoicii, .i?eieiae o/anoea a ca-
aioiaea ei?iia eieoico e oaac aeiiie naia ianeieueei
aieueoa, /ai yoi auei i?aaeoniio?aii aeiaiai?ii. I?ae-
?auay aeaei i?iecaiaenoaii, Noaeaaiay eieeaaey Aa?oia-
iiai Noaea ?NON? oeacaea, /oi a aeaiiii neo/aa eiaei
ianoi eeoue a?aaeaeaineia i?aaiia?ooaiea e iioiio iao
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, ia auei iniiaaiey .e aicaoaeaea-
ieth aeaea. A ae?oaii neo/aa Noaeaaiay eieeaaey Aa?oia-
iiai Noaea ?NON? i?ae?aoeea aeaei a ioiioaiee a?aae-
aeaieia A., inoaeaeaiiiai ii no. 199 OE ?NON? 1926 ai-
aea ca oi, /oi ii, ?anoi?aioa a 1943 aiaeo a onoaiiaeai-
iii caeiiii ii?yaeea a?ae n a?aaeaeaieie E. e anooiea
a iiaue a?ae, i?iaeieaeae iiaeaea?aeeaaoue aeeceea ioii-
oaiey n i?aaeiae aeaiie. Ooo aiiaua ia auei ea.eiai-
139
eeai i?aaiia?ooaiey ni noi?iiu A;, ei.ae ianoi eeoue
aii?aeueiue iinooiie’.
Iaeiiaoe, a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo iniiaaiea e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao ioianoue aaeaeo ionoonoaey
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, anee ?anniao?eaaaiia aeayiea ni-
aa?oaii i?e auiieiaiee i?ioanneiiaeueiuo ooieoeee,
n niaeaney iioa?iaaoaai eee ai eniieiaiea iacaeiiii”
^ ai i?eeaca ia/aeueieea.
v 3. IaaeinoaeaeaieanoauaeoiA! iauanoaai-
ii iianiiai aeayyyy oiai aic?anoa, n eioi-
?iai a i c i i ae :i a oaieiaiay i o a a o n o a a i-
iH i n oue, o. a. ianoiyoaeuenoai, i?aaeoniio?aiiia i. 5 no. 5
Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Ii niaaoneiio oaieiaiiio i?aao noauaeoii i?a-
nooieaiey iiaoo auoue, a aeaea iauaai i?aaeea, oieueei
eeoea, eioi?ui aei iiiaioa niaa?oaiey iauanoaaiii
iianiiai aeayiey eniieieeinue oanoiaaeoeaoue eao. N /a-
ou?iaaeoeaoeeaoiaai aic?anoa oaieiaiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue’
iiaeao ianooiaoue eeoue ca niaa?oaiea oaeeo i?anooiea-
iee, eae oaeenoai, ecianeeiaaiea, oiuoeaiiia iaia-
naiea oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, i?e/eieaoeo ?anno?ieno-
ai caei?iaueth, ?acaieiia iaiaaeaiea, e?aaea, a?aaaae, cei-
noiia ooeeaainoai, oiuoeaiiia oie/oiaeaiea eee iia-
?aaeaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai, iauanoaaiiiai eiouanoaa
eee ee/iiai eiouanoaa a?aaeaeai, iiaeaeoaa oyaeaeua
iineaaenoaey, a oaeaea oiuoeaiiia niaa?oaiea aeaeno-
aee, iiaoueo aucaaoue e?ooaiea iiacaea (no. 10 Iniic
oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, no. 10 OE ?NON?).
Eeoea, ia aeinoeaoea oanoiaaeoeaoeeaoiaai (a oeacai-
iuo auoa neo/ayo /aou?iaaeoeaoeeaoiaai) aic?anoa, ca
niaa?oaiea iauanoaaiii iianiiai aeayiey a oaieiaiii
ii?yaeea ioaaonoaaiiinoe i’a ianoo, e iei iiaoo i?eia-
iyoueny eeoue aianoaeaaiua ainieoaoaeueiua ia?u. Anee
a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea ?a/ue eaeao i aeaenoaeyo oaeiai
eeoea e ynii aeaeii, /oi eaeeo-eeai nio/anoieeia ia au-
ei, oi iniiaaiey e aiaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iao.
A ioiioaiee iiae?inoeia a aic?anoa aei ainaiiaae-
oeaoe eao oiaea eiaaony iaeioi?ay niaoeeoeea ii?aaeaea-
iey iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. I?e
‘ Ni.
ioeaiea noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe niaa?oaiiuo
eie aeayiee iaeuecy i?eiaiyoue oa ia?eea, eioi?ua i?e-
aieaiu a ioiioaiee aeayiee niaa?oaiiieaoieo a?aae-
aeai. O iiae?inoeia niiniaiinoue iniciaaaoue oa?aeoa? e
oyaeanoue niaa?oaaiiai aeayiey, i?aaeaeaeaoue aai aiciiae-
iua iineaaenoaey /aua anaai ieaea, /ai o ac?ineuo.
O ieo ioiioaiea e naiei iinooieai iaiaa na?ueaciia,
/ai o niaa?oaiiieaoieo. Ana yoi ia iiaeao ia o/eou-
aaoueny i?e ii?aaeaeaiee noaiaie aeiu ianiaa?oaiii-
eaoiaai i?aaiia?ooeoaey. Iiyoiio oi, /oi iau/ii n/e-
oaaony i?anooiiui, i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaeyo iiaeao
auoue i?eciaii iai?anooiiui, anee aai o/eiee iiae?i-
noie, ianiaa?oaiiieaoiaa eeoei. Yoi iieiaeaiea, a nou-
iinoe, auei au?aaeaii aua a iinoaiiaeaiee NIE NNN?
io 15 ethiy 1943 a. ia oneeaiee ia?u ai?ueau n aeaoneie
aani?eci?iinoueth, ‘aaciaaeci?iinoueth e ooeeaainoaii.
Iii oaeoe/anee icia/aao iaeioi?oth niaoeeoeeo a i?e-
iaiaiee /. 2 no. 7 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
a ioiioaiee aeayiee, niaa?oaiiuo iiae?inoeaie. O/eou-
aay; /oi oaeea eeoea aua oieueei oi?ie?othony eae /ea-
iu iauanoaa e o/eiaiea eie i?aaiia?ooaiey /anoi ia
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaee/ee na?ueaciie iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe, ianeieueei ?anoe?ythony i?aaeaeu aeaenoaey
yoie ii?iu. Iiyoiio a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo iiaeii ioea-
caoue a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ca ionoonoaeai ni-
noaaa i?anooieaiey, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue a ea/anoaa i?ioean-
noaeueiiai iniiaaiey e yoiio i. 2 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa (i. 2 no. 5 OIE ?NON?).
Anee aea aeaiiua, oa?aeoa?ecothuea noaiaiue iianii-
noe i?aaiia?ooaiey e ee/iinoue i?aaiia?ooeoaey, ii-
eacuaatho, /oi e ianiaa?oaiiieaoiaio a aic?anoa aei
ainaiiaaeoeaoe eao iaaei ca yoi aeayiea i?eiaieoue eee ia-
?u oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey, eee i?eioaeeoaeueiua ia?u
ainieoaiey /a?ac noaeaaiua i?aaiu, oi iniiaaiea aeey
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea iaeeoei. A yoii neo/aa
aeaei aeieaeii ‘auoue aicaoaeaeaii, ?anneaaeiaaii e iai?aai
eaii a noae n oai, /oiau a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee iiaeii
auei ?aoeoue aii?in i aeiiaiinoe ianiaa?oaiiieaoiaai
a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey e i aiciiaeiinoe i?eiaia-
iey e iaio ia? oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey eee ae?oaeo i?e-
ioaeeoaeueiuo ia? ainieoaiey. Yoi auoaeaao ec no. 10
Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e ec o?aaiaaiee ii-
auo oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia nithciuo ?an-
141
ioaeee (no. 402 OIE ?NON?, no. 312 OIE Eacaoneie
CCl^ e o. ae.).
4. Iaaiaiyaiinoue noauaeoa i ? a a i y a ip y-
o a i e y-no. 11 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa.
A oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa yoi
ianoiy aaeuenoai, eae ‘eneeth/athuaa iniiaaiea e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?yii ia i?aaeoniio?aii. Yoi,
ii-aeaeeiiio, io/anoe iauyniyaony oai, /oi /aua anaai
a ioiioaiee aeooaaiiaieueiuo, niaa?oeaoeo iauano-
aaiii iianiia, cai?auaiiia oaieiaiui caeiiii aeayiea,
aeieaeiu auaue i?eiaiaiu i?eioaeeoaeueiua ia?u iaaee-
oeeineiai oa?aeoa?a. I?eiaiaiea oaeeo ia? iaiaoiaeeii
aeey ia?aaeaeaiey iauanoaa io aiciiaeiuo i?ioeaii?aa-
iuo aeaenoaee iaaiaiyaiiai eeoea e aeey ecea/aiey na-
iiai aieueiiai. Oneiaeai iacia/aiey i?eioaeeoaeueiuo
ia? iaaeeoeeineiai oa?aeoa?a yaeyaony ianiiiaiiay aei-
eacaiiinoue oaeoa niaa?oaiey aeaiiui eeoeii iauano-
aaiii iianiiai aeayiey. Iiyoiio yoe ia?u i?eiaiythoay
noaeii iinea ouaoaeueiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa anao ianoiy-
oaeuenoa aeaea a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee. Aei noaea i?iaiaeeo-
ny i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia neaaenoaea, a oiaea eioi?iai n niaeth-
aeaieai anao i?ioeannoaeueiuo ii?i niae?athony aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa, eioi?ua onoaiaaeeaatho: a) a?aiy, ianoi, nii-
nia e ae?oaea ianoiyoaeuenoaa niaa?oaiey iauanoaaiii
iianiiai aeayiey; a) aeiiaiinoue aeaiiiai eeoea; a) aai
iaaiaiyaiinoue; a) oa?aeoa? e ?acia? oua?aa, i?e/e-
iaiiiai aeayieai (no. no. 403-410″ OIE ?NON?),-
a ana yoi aiciiaeii oieueei iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea.
Ith a ioaeaeueiuo, oioy e ?aaeeeo, neo/ayo iaaiaiya-
iinoue eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai oaieiaiia ‘i?aaiia?ooaiea,
iiaeao auoue i?eciaia ianoiyoaeuenoaii, eneeth/athuei
iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoi aic-
iiaeii i?e iaee/ee aeaoo oneiaee: a) anee aac i?iaaaea-
iey iiaie noaeaaii-ineoeao?e/aneie yenia?oecu aeinoi-
aa?ii ecaanoii, /oi eeoei, niaa?oeaoaa ?anniao?eaaa-
iia aeayiea, yaeyaony iaaiaiyaiui; a) anee a neeo oao
eee yiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe .i?eiaieoue e
aeooaaiiaieueiiio ca yoi aeayiea i?eioaeeoaeueiua ia?u
iaaeeoeeineiai oa?aeoa?a. Iaa yoe oneiaey aeieaeiu
eiaoue ianoi iaeiia?aiaiii. Oaeia iieiaeaiea, iai?eia?,
iiaeao ano?aoeoueny a oii neo/aa, eiaaea iauanoaaiii
iianiia aeayiea o/eiaii iaaiaiyaiui eeoeii, oaea ii-
iauaiiui a ea/aaiia o/?aaeaeaiea aeey i?eiyoey i?e-
ioaeeoaeueiuo ia? iaaeeoeeineiai oa?aeoa?a, ii neo/aeii
ieacaaoeiny ia naiaiaea.
5. Ionoonoaea ?aoaiey oiaa?euaneiai
noaea e.ee eiie i?aaiecaoeee i i?eiyoee ia?
iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey e aeaiiiio ee-
oeo ca niaa?oaiea a i?ioeii, i aeii ?iaeiiai
‘i ? a a i i a ? o o eiH e y.
Niaaoneei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii onoaiaaeeaathony
neo/ae, eiaaea oaieiaiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca iaeioi?ua
i?aaiia?ooaiey ianooiaao eeoue-i?e oneiaee, anee aeay-
iea niaa?oaii aeaiiui eeoeii iiaoi?ii, ianiio?y ia
oi, /oi e iaio oaea iaeiaaeaeu i?eiaiyeenue ia?u iaua-
noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ca aiaeiae/iia i?ioeaii?aaiia
aeayiea. Oaieiaiue eiaeaen ?NON? e /eneo oaeeo i?aai-
ia?ooaiee ioiineo: iaeeia oeuaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai
eee iauanoaaiiiai eiouanoaa iooai e?aaee, iioaiie-
/anoaa, i?enaiaiey, ?ano?aou eee ceioiio?aaeaiey neo-
aeaaiui iieiaeaieai (/. 1 no. 96); ecaioiaeaiea eee
o?aiaiea aac oeaee nauoa naiioiia eee ae?oaeo e?aieeo
nie?oiuo iaieoeia, a ?aaii aiia?aoia aeey eo au?aaio-
ee (/. 1 no. 158); iacaeiiioth ii?oaeo eana (/. 1 no. 169);
iaeeia ooeeaainoai (/. 3 no. 206). A yoeo neo/ayo iaee-
/ea ?aoaiey iauanoaaiiinoe i’a inoaeaeaiee oaeiai i?a-
aiia?ooeoaey yaeyaony ianoiyoaeuenoaii, naeaeaoaeueno-
aothuei ia oaaee/aiee, i cia/eoaeueiii aic?anoaiee
noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe i?aaiia?ooaiey, o/e-
iaiiiai aeaiiui eeoeii iiaoi?ii. Ionoonoaea oaeiai ?a-
oaiey, iai?ioea, aiai?eo i iaiueoae noaiaie iianiinoe
.i?ioeaii?aaiiai aeayiey, i aiciiaeiinoe iiea ia i?e-
iaiyoue e aeiiaiiio ia? oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey. Iii en-
eeth/aao iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea
oaeoe/anee ca ionoonoaeai ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, ii-
neieueeo i?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi noaiaiue iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe i?aaiia?ooaiey aic?anoaao aei o?iaiy i?a-
nooiiiai oieueei i?e niaa?oaiee aai iiaoi?ii, iinea
i?eiyoey ia? iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey. iaaei o?aeoiaaoue a oe?i-
eii niunea neiaa. Yoi-ia?u, i?eiyoua ia oieueei oi-
aa?euaneeie noaeaie, ii e eieeaeoeaaie o?oaeyueony,
iauanoaaiiuie i?aaiecaoeeyie, noaeaie /anoe e o. ae.
Oaeie auaiae auoaeaao ec ?yaea ii?i oaieiaii-i?ioeanno-
aeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, naycuaathueo i?eiaiaiea
yoeo ia? n aeayoaeueiinoueth iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee,
oiaa?euaneeo noaeia e eieeaeoeaia o?oaeyueony (no.
no. 113, 209, 234 OIE ?NON?). I?e/ai, caeii eiaao a
aeaeo ana aeaeu ia? iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey, iacaae-
neii io eo oa?aeoa?a e noaiaie oyaeanoe. Iiyoiio aeey
i?eciaiey i?anooiiui aeayiey (iai?eia?, iaeeiai oo’
eeaainoaa), niaa?oaiiiai iiaoi?ii iinea inoaeaeaiey
iauanoaaiiinoueth ca aiaeiae/iia i?aaiia?ooaiea, aei-
noaoi/ii, anee aeaaea auee i?eiaiaiu n?aaieoaeueii eaa-
eea ia?u iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey. Aaaeii eeoue, /oi-
au aeaiiia eeoei oaea iaeiaaeaeu auei i?eciaii iauano-
aaiiinoueth aeiiaiui a iiaeiaiii i?ioeaii?aaiii aeay-.
iee e iiaeaa?aeinue iauanoaaiiiio inoaeaeaieth.
Ia eiaao oaeaea i?eioeeieaeueiiai cia/aiey, ii /ueae
eieoeeaoeaa iaoa?eaeu ia aiaeiae/iii i?ioeaii?aaiii
aeayiee ?anniao?eaaeenue a i?ioeii iauanoaaiiinoueth.
Oiaa?euaneee noae, iai?eia?, iia ?acae?aoue i?aaiia-
?ooaiea ii cayaeaieth iioa?iaaoaai, ii niiauaieth ea-
eeo-eeai ae?oaeo eeoe eee ii ?aoaieth i?aaiia i?ieo?a-
oo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, io-
eacaaoeo a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, iauanoaai-
iay i?aaiecaoeey – ii naiae eieoeeaoeaa, ii aeaeiaa.
.a?aaeaeai e o. ae. Ana yoi, n oi/ee c?aiey ?anniao?e-
aaaiiai iaie aii?ina, eiaao iaeiiathiaia i?aaiaia
cia/aiea. . ,
Caeiiii ia onoaiiaeaiu e eaeea-eeai eiie?aoiua
n?iee, a oa/aiea eioi?uo i?eiyoua a i?ioeii ia?u ia-
uanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey iiaoo o/eouaaoueny i?e ii?a-
aeaeaiee i?anooiiinoe. Iiyoiio aeaiiue aii?in a eaaeaeii
ioaeaeueiii neo/aa aeieaeai ?aoaoueny n o/aoii oa?aeoa-
?a i?aaiia?ooaiey, yooaeoeaiinoe i?eiaiaiiuo a
e?ioeii ia? iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey e ee/iinoe
i?aaiia?ooeoaey oaie i?aaiaie, eioi?ua ?ac?aoatho
iaoa?eae i iiaii i?aaiia?ooaiee.
6. Ionoonoaea ?aoaiey i i?eiaiaiee e
aeaiiiio eeoeo ia? aaeieieno?aoeaiiai
aicaeaenoaey ca niaa?oaiea ei a i?ioeii
aiaeiae/iiai i?aaiia?ooaiey.
Niaaoneee caeiiiaeaoaeue i?aaeoniao?eaaao oaeaea
neo/ae, eiaaea oaieiaiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ioaeaeueiua
i?ioeaii?aaiua aeayiey ianooiaao oieueei i?e.oneiaee,
/oi iie niaa?oaiu aeiiaiuie eeoeaie iiaoi?ii, ia-
144
niio?y ia i?eaea/aiea eo a i?ioeii e aaeieieno?aoea-
iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca iiaeiaiua i?aaiia?ooaiey.
A niioaaonoaee n Oaieiaiui eiaeaenii ?NON? yoi i?a-
aeei ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia iaeeoth niaeoeyoeeth (/. 3
no. 154), ia ecaioiaeaiea eee o?aiaiea aac oeaee nauoa
naiiaiia, ae?oaeo e?aieeo nie?oiuo iaieoeia eee aiia-
?aoia aeey eo au?aaioee (/. 1 no. 158), caiyoea cai?a-
uaiiui i?iiuneii (/. 1 no. 162), iacaeiiioth ioioo
aac ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoa (/. 1 no. 166), iacaeiiioth
ii?oaeo eana (/. 1 no. 169), iaeeia ooeeaainoai (/. 3
no. 206), a oaeaea ia nenoaiaoe/aneia caiyoea a?iaeyaeie-
/anoaii eee iii?ioaeie/anoaii (no. 209).
E?iia oiai, no. 198 OE ?NON? e /eneo oaeeo i?a-
aiia?ooaiee ioiineo ceinoiia ia?ooaiea ianii?oiuo
i?aaee a ianoiinoyo, aaea aaaaeaiu niaoeeaeueiua i?aaeea
i?iaeeaaiey e i?iienee, anee ?aiaa eeoei ca yoi oaea
auei aeaaaeaeu iiaeaa?aiooi aaeieieno?aoeaiiio acu-
neaieth.
I?e anao yoeo aeayieyo iaee/ea ?aoaiey i i?eaea-
/aiee i?aaiia?ooeoaey e aaeieieno?aoeaiie ioaaono-
aaaeiinoe a i?ioeii yaeyaony ianoiyoaeuenoaii, naeaea-
oaeuenoaothuei i cia/eoaeueiii aic?anoaiee noaiaie ia-
uanoaaiiie iianiinoe i?aaiia?ooaiey, niaa?oaiiiai
aeaiiui eeoeii iiaoi?ii. Ionoonoaea iiaeiaiiai ?aoa-
iey, iaiai?io, aiai?eo i aai iaeicia/eoaeueiinoe. Iii,
a nouiinoe, eneeth/aao iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea oaeaea ca ionoonoaeai ninoaaa i?anooiea-
iey, iineieueeo i?acoie?oaony, /oi iauanoaaiiay iian-
iinoue aeayiey aeinoeaaao aei o?iaiy i?anooiiiai eeoue
i?e niaa?oaiee aai iiaoi?ii, iinea i?eiaiaiey ia?
aaeieieno?aoeaiiai aicaeaenoaey.
Iiae ia?aie aaeieieno?aoeaiiai aicaeaenoaey, i ei-
oi?uo aiai?eony a i?eaaaeaiiuo auoa noaoueyo oaieia-
iiai caeiia, iiae?acoiaaathony ia?u, i?eiyoua aaeieie-
no?aoeaiuie eiienneyie ianoiuo Niaaoia aeaiooaoia
o?oaeyueony, i?aaiaie ieeeoeee, i?aaenoaaeoaeyie ?ac-
ee/iuo aaaeiinoaaiiuo einiaeoeee e eiuie o/?aaeaea-
ieyie eee aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie, iaaeaeaiiuie niio-
aaonoaothueie iieiiii/eyie. Oa?aeoa? i?eiaiaiiuo
e aeaiiiio eeoeo aaeieieno?aoeaiuo ia? e eo n?aaie-
oaeueiay oyaeanoue oiaea ia iaiytho i?aaiaoth ioeaieo ni-
aa?oaiiiai ei iiaoi?ii i?aaiia?ooaiey. Ooo oieueei
aaaeii, /oiau eeoei a i?ioeii a onoaiiaeaiiii caei-
145
10 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea
iii ii?yaeea auei i?eciaii aeiiaiui a aiaeiae/iii
i?aaiia?ooaiee e iiaeaa?aeinue eaeei-eeai ia?ai aae-
ieieno?aoeaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Ana oanoue ianoiyoaeuenoa, ?anniio?aiiuo auoa, i?-
aaie/anee naycaiu n iiiyoeai i?anooieaiey, eaaeaeia
ec ieo eneeth/aao iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea aaeaeo oiai, /oi ioiaaeaao niauoea eee i?eciaee
(yeaiaiou) ninoaaa i?anooieaiey.
Anoue aua aoi?ay a?oiia ianoiyoaeuenoa, i?aiyonoao-
thueo oaieiaiiio noaeii?iecaiaenoao. Yoe ianoiyoaeueno-
aa ia naeaeaoaeuenoaotho ia ionoonoaee i?anooiiiai aeay-
iey eee ninoaaa i?anooieaiey. I?e ieo iniiaaiea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ioiaaeaao ii oie i?e/e-
ia, /oi a neeo oeacaiee naiiai caeiia i?aaiia?ooe-
oaeue inaiaiaeaeaaony io iaeacaiey eee noaiiaeony iaaic-
iiaeiui i?eaea/aiea aai e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Oaeiauie yaeythony neaaeothuea ianoiyoaeuenoaa.
1. Nia?oue eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai i?anooi-
iia aeayiea,-i. 8 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa.
Oi/iue e?oa eeoe, i?eieiaaoeo o/anoea a iiaeai-
oiaea e niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, noaiiaeony ecaano-
iui iau/ii a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
Ii a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo oaea i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i
iicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaoo auoue aeinoaoi/iua
E./iuua i oii, /oi i?anooiiia aeayiea o/eiaii oieueei
iaeiei eeoeii, a aai oaea iao a aeeauo. Oiaaea iniiaaiea
e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea ioiaaeaao n?aco. Iaeiaei ec yoiai
i?eiiea anoue eneeth/aiey. Oaieiaiia aeaei aicaoaeaeaao-
‘ ‘| aeaaea i?e iaee/ee aeinoiaa?iuo naaaeaiee i nia?oe
?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea eeoea, anee yoi iaiaoiaeeii
ia?aniio?a noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a ii ae?oaiio aeaeo
iiiiolib ioe?uaoeiny ianoiyoaeuenoaai a ii?yaeea
;)AE–390 OIE ?NON?. Anee, aeiionoei, i?eaiai?
“
/aeoea i?anooieaiey, eae eciaia ?iaeeia, oieiiaae, aee-
aa?ney, oa??i?enoe/aneee aeo, aaiaeeoeci, ecaioiaeaiea
n oeaeueth nauoa eee nauo iiaeaeaeueiuo aeaiaa e oeaiiuo ao-
iaa, niaa?oaiiua a aeaea i?iiunea, niaeoeyoeey aaetho-
iuie oeaiiinoyie eee oeaiiuie aoiaaaie a aeaea i?iiun-
ea eee a e?oiiuo ?acia?ao, ia?ooaiea i?aaee i aaetho-
iuo iia?aoeeyo eeoeii, ?aiaa inoaeaeaiiui ca niaeoeyoeeth
aaethoiuie oeaiiinoyie eee oeaiiuie aoiaaaie eee ia-
?ooaiea i?aaee i aaethoiuo iia?aoeeyo, oiuoeaiiia
oaeenoai i?e ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoaao, oeuaiea ai-
noaea?noaaiiiai eee iauanoaaiiiai eiouanoaa a iniai
e?oiiuo ?acia?ao, a a aiaiiia a?aiy eee a aiaiiie ia-
noaiiaea-oaeaea ae?oaea iniai iianiua aeayiey, nia-
oeeaeueii oeacaiiua a iauanithciii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa.
Anee a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea anoue naaaeaiey ia iaeiii ec
yoeo i?anooieaiee, oi oaieiaiia aeaei aicaoaeaeaaony,
neieueei au a?aiaie ie i?ioei n iiiaioa niaa?oa-
iey aeayiey. Yoi aeaei a iauai ii?yaeea ?anneaaeoaony e
ia?aaeaaony a niioaaonoaothuee noae aeey noaeaaiiai ?acae-
?aoaeuenoaa. A ea/anoaa i?eia?a a yoii ioiioaiee iiae-
ii iacaaoue aeaea ia eciaiieeao, noaaoeo oaoenoneeie
iaea/aie a 1941-1944 aa. e inoaeaeaiiuo ca naie /oaei-
aeuiua aeayiey a 1959-1960 rr.1.
Enoa/aiea aeaaiinoiuo n?ieia ia aeieaeii i?aiyono-
aiaaoue aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea e a oii neo/aa,
eiaaea eeoei, a ioiioaiee eioi?iai eiaaony iaoa?eae i
niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, aic?aaeaao i?ioea ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea oieueei ec-ca enoa/aiey yoeo n?ieia,
ooaa?aeaeay, /oi iacaaeneii io n?ieia, aiiaua naiiai
i?anooiiiai aeayiey ia auei. Yoi auoaeaao ec niunea
no. no. 2 e 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
3. Aiienoey, o. a. iieiia eee /anoe/iia inaiaiae-
aeaiea io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca ii?aaeaeaiiiai
?iaea i?anooiiua aeayiey, inouanoaeyaiia oeacaie aun-
oeo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe. I?e iaee/ee aeoa
aiienoee, iieiinoueth eneeth/athuae oaieiaioth ioaaono-
aaaiinoue ca niaa?oaiiia i?anooieaiea, iniiaaiea e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ioiaaeaao (‘i. 4 no. 5 Iniia
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa). Oae, a ia?oa 1957 aiaea a
i?ieo?aoo?o iinooieei niiauaiea i oii, /oi a?aaeaeaiei
I.- a 1950 aiaeo naiiaieueii caoaaoee caiaeueiue o/anoie
e iieueciaaeny ei. I?ieo?i? ioeacae a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ii yoiio oaeoo, iioeae?oy oai, /oi aeaiiia
aeaenoaea I. iiaeiaaeaao iiae Oeac I?aceaeeoia Aa?oia-
iiai Niaaoa NNN? ia aiienoee io 27 ia?oa 1953 a.
Ii i?e i?eiaiaiee aeoa aiienoee a ia?aie noaaeee
i?ioeanna iaiaoiaeeii o/anoue neaaeothuaa. I?e aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea a niioaaonoaothuai oaeoa i?eciaee
eiie?aoiiai ninoaaa i?anooieaiey oniao?eaathony /aua
anaai oieueei i?eaioe?iai/ii. A ?acoeueoaoa aieaa oua-
oaeueiiai enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, naycaiiuo n niaa?-
oaieai yoiai aeayiey, iie ‘iiaoo eciaieoueny. Iiyoiio
‘ Ni., iai?eia?, ,
149
i?e ioeaca e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘a neeo aeoa
aiienoee ‘iaeuecy i?aoaaee/eaaoue cia/aiea eaeiai-eeai
iaeiiai ‘aiciiaeiiai auaiaea, ‘iaaei i?iaiaeece?iaaoue na-
iui ouaoaeueiui ia?acii ana aiciiaeiua auaiaeu, i?e-
iyoue ai aieiaiea ana oa ninoaau i?anooieaiey, i?eciaee
eioi?uo iiaee au oniao?eaaoueny a aeaiiii aeayiee. I?e
yoii a ?an/ao iaaei a?aoue naieoeeth .iaeaieaa oyaeeiai ec
ieo. Eia/a iao aa?aioee io aiciiaeiuo ioeaie. Yoi aeae-
ii ia oaeii i?eia?a. A oaa?aea 1954 aiaea i?ieo?i?
?aeiia ioeacae a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oaeoo
iaaeinoa/e aieueoiai eiee/anoaa no?ieoaeueiuo iaoa?ea-
eia o .eieoiciiai eeaaeiaueea iH. ?aoaiea iioeae?iaa-
einue oai, /oi . Iaaeaeo oai ec
iaoa?eaeia auei aeaeii, /oi I. /anoi iueyinoaiaae, a aai
a?ao a eiioea’ia?oa 1953 aiaea iino?iee naaa aeii. Yoe
aeaiiua .iicaieyee aeaeaoue auaiae i aiciiaeiinoe oeuaiey,
a eeoea, ‘niaa?oeaoea oeuaiea, Oeacii ia aiienoee io
27 ‘ia?oa 1953 a. io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe inaiaiae-
aeaeenue eeoue /anoe/ii. I?ieo?i? yoiai ,ia o/ae, aneaaeno-
aea /aai aai ?aoaiea auoanoiyuei i?ieo?i?ii auei
ioiaiaii.
Aeo aiienoee ia eneeth/aao iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, anee eeoei, eioi?iio a ia?ae/iii
iaoa?eaea i?eienuaaaony i?anooiiia aeayiea, aic?aaeaao
i?ioea ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eeoue ii
yoiio iioeao, o?aaoy, /oiau auei ii?iaa?aiooi naii
ooaa?aeaeaiea i niaa?oaiee ei i?anooieaiey. I?aeoeea
oaea ciaao neo/ae, eiaaea caeioa?aniaaiiua a yoii eeoea
ia?auathony e i?ieo?i?ai n iiaeiaiuie aic?aaeaieyie.
Oae, a i?ieo?aoo?o ?aeiia iinooieee ia?ae/iua iaoa?e-
aeu i iaaeinoa/a o i?iaeaaoea iaaaceia N. a noiia
71’84 ?oa., ia?aciaaaoaeny ca ia?eiae n ia?oa ii aaaono
1957 aiaea. Iieaaay, /oi i?e/eiie iaaeinoa/e yaeyaony
oaeaoiia ioiioaiea e neoaeaa (no. I’ll OE ?NON?
1926 a.), i?ieo?i? ?aeiia a neeo aeoa aiienoee io
1 iiya?y 1957 a. a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ioeacae.
Ia yoi iinoaiiaeaiea a?aaeaeaiei N. i?eian aeaeiao au-
oanoiyuaio i?ieo?i?o. A aeaeiaa ni nnueeie ia eii-
e?aoiua oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua aeieacuaaeinue, /oi a aeai-
iii neo/aa
iea ‘ia ioeaca a. aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea e i?aaeeiaeee
4. I?aaeei i neea noaeaaiiai i?eaiai-
?a – i. 9. no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
A niioaaonoaee n yoei i?aaeeii eeoei, a ioiioaiee ei-
oi?iai eiaaony anooieaoee a caeiiioth neeo i?eaiai?,
ia iiaeao auoue i?eaea/aii e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
aoi?e/ii ca oi aea naiia i?anooieaiea. Ionthaea neaaeoao,
/oi ii i?anooiiiio oaeoo, eioi?ue iaeiaaeaeu aue i?aae-
iaoii noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa e ‘iaoae io?aaeaiea
a iaaeieoaeueiii eee ii?aaaeaoaeueiii i?eaiai?a noaea,
iaeuecy aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, iiea a neea yoio i?e-
aiai?.
Ii iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth aeaea a niaaoneii
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna ia ioiaaeaao, anee ii i?anooiiiio
aeayieth, niaa?oaiiiio ya iaoae oa??eoi?ee eee aia aa
i?aaeaeia, aeiiaiua iiianee iaeacaiea ca a?aieoeae. Ni-
aeanii /. 3 no. 5 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
aii?in ia inaiaiaeaeaiee oaeeo eeoe io iaeacaiey ?a-
oaaony noaeii. Iiyoiio oaieiaiia aeaei aeieaeii auoue
aicaoaeaeaii, ?anneaaeiaaii e iai?aaeaii a noae.
‘?ani?ino?aiyaony ee i?aaeei i ‘neea noaeaaiiai
i?eaiai?a ia. oio neo/ae, eiaaea a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u,
neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey iinooiaao niiauaiea i i?anooi-
iii oaioa, eioi?ue oioy e ia aue i?aaeiaoii noaeaaiiai
?acae?aoaeuenoaa ii ae?oaiio aeaeo, ii yaeyaony /anoueth,
ioaeaeueiui yieciaeii oiai i?anooieaiey, i eioi?ii anoue
anooieaoee a caeiiioth neeo e ieeai ia ioiaiaiiue
noaeaaiue i?eaiai?. Iai?eia?, a oaa?aea 1959 aiaea
o/eoaeua?aaeiae oeieu I. aue inoaeaeai ia?iaeiui noaeii
ca oi, /oi eaoii 1958 aiaea aeinoae ianeieueei /enouo
aeaieia naeaeaoaeuenoaa ia ieii/aiee naieeaoiae oeieu ‘
e caiieiee eo ia eiy E., N. e A. A oaa?aea oiai aea ai-
aea, iinea anooieaiey i?eaiai?a a caeiiioth neeo, a i?i-
eo?aoo?o iinooieei iiaia niiauaiea i oii, /oi inoae-
aeaiiui I. a i?ioeii aue noaa?eeiaai aua iaeei aei-
eoiaio ia ieii/aiee naieeaoiae oeieu ia eiy a?aae-
aeaieia E. A iiaeiaiuo’neo/ayo oaeoe/anee ?a/ue eaeao ia
iaeiii ec aeeyueony, i?iaeieaeaaiuo eee niioaaiuo i?a-
151
nooieaiee. Iiyoiio aeayiea, iaoaaeoaa io?aaeaiea .a i?e-
aiai?a, iiaeiuaao aiiaue iaia?oaeeaoeeny oaeo. Niio-
aaonoaaiii yoiio ioiaaeaao iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth
iiaiai oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A i?eiaiaiee i?aaeea i neea noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a
iaeioi?ua cao?oaeiaiey aicieeatho oaeaea oiaaea, eiaaea
io i?anooiiiai aeayiey iaeiia?aiaiii no?aaeatho ianeieue-
ei eeoe e a nayce n yoei a noaeaaiua i?aaiu a ?aciia
a?aiy iinooiaao ?yae cayaeaiee n i?inueaie i?eaea/ue
i?aaiia?ooeoaey e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Oae, iiae-
/an, auaaao ii aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey. A iiaeiaiuo
neo/ayo iaiaoiaeeii enoiaeeoue ec iieiaeaiey i iaaeiio-
noeiinoe aaaeaiey aeaoo ia?aeeaeueiuo i?ioeannia ii iae-
yiio e oiio aea i?anooiiiio oaeoo. ?ac ii aeaeiaa iae-
iiai iioa?iaaoaai aeaei oaea aicaoaeaeaii, oi i?inueaa
ae?oaeo iino?aaeaaoeo i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
iiaeao auoue oaeiaeaoai?aia oieueei i?e oneiaee, anee
ia?aia aeaei i?ae?auaii eeai aaeaeo i?eie?aiey aaoi?a
ia?aie aeaeiau n iaaeiyaiui, eeai ec-ca iayaee yoiai
iioa?iaaoaai a noaeaaiia canaaeaiea (no. 253 OI1 1958 a. J\s 2, no?. 43),. ”
155
iaoneiaeaiiia eaeeie-eeai i?ioeaii?aaiuie iioeaaie
eee ianoiyoaeuenoaaie. AEaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai aeieaeia
inoaoueny i?e yoeo aeieoiaioao, oae eae a iae iiae?iaii
eceiaeaiu i?eciaee -i?aaiia?ooaiey ”e i?e iinooieaiea
aoi?ie aeaeiau io aeaiiiai iioa?iaaoaai a ioiioaiee
iaeiiai e oiai aea eeoea iiaeii aoaeao ii iae noaeeoue, ia
eaeao ee ?a/ue i oii aea i?aaiia?ooaiee, ii iiaiaeo eioi-
?iai a i?ioeii ninoiyeinue i?eie?aiea. . ‘
7. Ia?aaea/a ia ii?oee. A nayce n ?anoe?a-
ieai o/anoey iauanoaaiiinoe a ai?ueaa n i?aaiia?ooa-
ieyie ia i?aeoeea aiciee aii?in, ia ioiaaeaao ee, ia-
niio?y ia iaee/ea anao inoaeueiuo i?eciaeia, iniiaaiea
e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, anee iiaeii eeoei, ni-
aa?oeaoaa i?anooieaiea, ia?aaeaoue ia ii?oee. Aei i?e-
iyoey O aieia ii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai eiaeaena ?NON? 1960 ai-
aea ia yoio aii?in a naiii caeiia i?yiiai ioaaoa ia
auei. I?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey i?aeoeeiaaee ia?aaea/o ia ii?oee aac aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo i i?a-
nooieaiee, /oi a ?yaea neo/aaa auei ia aiieia i?aaeeueii.
Iiaue Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON? en-
oiaeeo ec oiai, /oi ia?aaea/a ia ii?oee, a aeaea iauaai
i?aaeea, aeieaeia i?eiaiyoueny oieueei ii aicaoaeaeaiiiio
oaieiaiiio aeaeo.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, ith?oee-yoi ia?a .ainieoaiey, ia
yaeythuayny oaieiaiui iaeacaieai y i?eiaiyaiay
e eeoeai, niaa?oeaoei iaiaa iianiua i?anooiea-
iey. Ia?aaea/a ia ii?oee i?aaiia?ia oieueei i?e
iaee/ee ?yaea oneiaee. Ai-ia?auo, aeieaeii auoue iieii-
noueth aeieacaii, /oi o/eiaii aeaenoaeoaeueii i?anooiiia
aeayiea, i?e/ai eeoue oaeia, eioi?ia ia i?aaenoaaeyao
aieueoie iianiinoe aeey iauanoaa. Anee ia eneeth/aii
niiiaiea a nouanoaiaaiee oaeiai i?anooiiiai oaeoa eee
a oii, /oi ii ia yaeyaony eeoue yieciaeii aieaa na?ueac-
iuo i?anooiiuo aeaenoaee, oi noaeeoue i ia?aaea/a ia ii-
?oee aua i?aaeaeaa?aiaiii. Ai-aoi?uo, aeieaeii auoue aei-
noiaa?ii onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?anooiiia aeayiea, ia eiath-
uaa aieueoie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, niaa?oaii eiai-
ii aeaiiui eeoeii, i?e/ai oiuoeaiii ‘eee ii iainoi-
?iaeiinoe. Iiea ia aeieacaia aeia eeoea, aai iaeuecy ia-
?aaeaoue ia ii?oee. A-o?aoueeo, iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau eeoei,
iaaeiyaiia a o/eiaiye i?anooieaiey, iieiinoueth nicia-
ei naith aeio e ‘/enoina?aea/ii ?aneayeinue, a niaa?oai-
156
iii. A ‘i?ioeaiii neo/aa ia iiaeao auoue oaa?aiiinoe a
oii, /oi aeey eni?aaeaiey e ia?aainieoaiey yoiai eeoea
aeinoaoi/iu ainieoaoaeueiua ia?u, /oi iao iaiaoiaeeii-
noe i?eiaieoue e iaio ia?u oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey.
A-/aoaa?ouo, aeieaeiu auoue ouaoaeueii i?iaa?aiu aeai-
iua i ee/iinoe i?aaiia?ooeoaey, oa?aeoa?ecothuea aai
ia eae ooiayaeoea, a eae eeoei, aia?aua, neo/aeii niaa?-
oeaoaa i?anooieaiea. Iaeiiaoe, aeieaeii auoue oiaeaoae-
noai iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeaeoeaa o?oaey-
ueony i ia?aaea/a ei aeaiiiai eeoea ia ii?oee, ia ‘en-
i?aaeaiea e ia?aainieoaiea. Oaeia oiaeaoaenoai iauano-
aaiiua i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeaeoeau o?oaeyueony oiaea
iiaoo naeaeaoue oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea iie ?aniieaaatho en-
/a?iuaathueie aeaiiuie eae i oa?aeoa?a naiiai i?a-
nooiiiai aeayiey, oae e i ee/iinoe oiai, eoi aai
niaa?oee. Anee aea oiaeaoaenoai n eo noi?iiu cayaeaii
aac aeinoaoi/iiai aiaeeca oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, oi iii
ia yaeyaony iieiioeaiiui, ia aiooaao oaa?aiiinoe a oii,
/oi a aeaiiii neo/aa eieeaeoea aeaenoaiaae aiieia ni-
ciaoaeueii, n iieiui o/aoii noaiaie iianiinoe niaa?-
oaiiiai i?anooieaiey, ee/iinoe aeiiaiiai e naieo ?a-
aeueiuo aiciiaeiinoae eni?aaeoue, ia?aainieoaoue aai.
Yoe oneiaey i?aaeiieaaatho i?iaaaeaiea ouaoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey anao ianoiyoaeuenoa niaa?oaiey i?anooi-
eaiey. Iie iiaoo auoue iaeeoei oieueei ia oii yoaia i?i-
oeanna, eiaaea nia?aiu ‘e i?iaa?aiu ana aeieacaoaeuenoaa
ii aeaeo, iieiinoueth ?ane?uoi i?anooieaiea, eciaee/ai e
i?eaea/ai e ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeiiaiue, ii ioeoeeaeueii
aeii?ioai, iniciae naith aeio e /enoina?aea/ii ?aneayeny
a niaeayiiii. I?e ?aoaiee aea aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea aiai?eoue ia yoeo oneiaeyo ?aii. Ia
aeaiiie noaaeee i?anooieaiea aua ia ?ane?uoi, ecaanoii
oieueei a iaueo /a?oao, ‘e?oa eeoe, i?e/anoiuo e i?anooi-
iiio aeayieth, oi/ii ia onoaiiaeai, eo aeia ia aeieacaia,
ee/iinoue yoeo eeoe ia i?iaa?aia, io ieo n niaethaeaieai
anao i?ioeannoaeueiuo ii?i ia. iieo/aii niciaiea a i?a-
nooieaiee. Anee aea iieoe ii iooe nicaeaiey anao yoeo
oneiaee oaea a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, oi
iaecaaaeii i?iaaaeaiea oaeoe/anee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey iiae aeaeii i?iaa?ee iniiaaiey e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, iaecaaaeii i?ioeannoaeueiia oi?i-
uai/anoai, na?ueaciia ia?ooaiea onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii
oi?i oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
757
Iiyoiio iauaa i?aaeei oaeiai, /oi aiciiaeiay ia?-
niaeoeaa ia?aaea/e ‘aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee ia eneeth/aao
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoi auoa”.
eano ec anaai niaea?aeaiey no. 9 OIE ?NON?, naycuaath-
uae ia?aaea/o aeiiaiiai ia ‘ii?oee n i?ae?auaieai oai-
eiaiiai aeaea iinea onoaiiaeaiey anao oao ianoiyoaeuenoa,
i eioi?uo iu aiai?eee auoa.
Ii ec yoiai iauaai i?aaeea aiciiaeiu eneeth/aiey,
i eioi?uo aiai?eo no. 10 OIE ?NON?. Iie aeiionoeiu
a oao n?aaieoaeueii ?aaeeeo neo/ayo, eiaaea oaea i?:e ?aoa-
iee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auaatho ia-
eeoei ana oa oneiaey, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeiu aeey ia?aaea/e-
aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee. .
A /anoiinoe, aeey i?eiaiaiey yoie ii?iu i?aaeaea
anaai o?aaoaony, /oiau auei niaa?oaiii i/aaeaeii iaee-
/ea oaieiaiiai ‘i?aaiia?ooaiey. I?y/ai, i?eiaiyy oa?^ .
iei , caeii, aannii?ii, eiaao a aeaeo oieueei ,
aeinoiaa?iinoue, a ioithaeue ia oa oaeou, ei-
oi?ua i?e iaaeeaaeauai enneaaeiaaiee ieacuaathony ia
niioaaonoaothueie iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.
Aeieaeia auoue, caoai, aaniethoii aannii?ia aeia aeai-
iiai eeoea a niaa?oaiee oaieiaiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey,
aeia, a ‘iieiie ia?a iniciaiiay y i?eciaiiay ?aneaya-
oeiny i?aaiia?ooeoaeai.
Iaiaoiaeeii, aeaeaa, ‘/oiau niaa?oaiiia i?anooieaiea
e naii yoi eeoei ia i?aaenoaaeyee aieueoie iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe e ‘/oiau aeayiea ia iiaeaeei oyaeeeo iineaaea a-
Ree. I?e/ai iHa aii?in i oii, eaeea i?anooiiua aeayiey e
i?e eaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao iiaoo n/eoaoueny ia i?aaenoaa-
eythueie aieueoie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, a naiii ca-
eiia .i?yiiai ioaaoa iao. Yoio aii?in a .eaaeaeii ioaeaeue-
iii neo/aa aeieaeai .?aoaoueny i?aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u,
noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey n o/aoii
anao ‘eiie?aoiuo aeaiiuo i oa?aeoa?a e iineaaenoaeyo
i?aaiia?ooaiey, i a?aiaie, ianoa e niiniaao aai ni-
aa?oaiey, i iioeaao e oeaee i?anooieaiey, i ‘oi?ia e
..’noaiaie ;aeiu i?aaiia?ooeoaey, i aai ee/iinoe, ninoiy-
iee .caei?iauey, naiaeiii iieiaeaiee e o. in. I?:e yoii,
.eiia/ii, ia iiaeao ia o/eouaaoueny oaeaea naieoeey niio-
aaonoaothuae noaouee oaieiaiiai caeiia, iineieueeo iia
io?aaeaao ioiioaiea caeiiiaeaoaey .e noaiaie iauanoaai-
iie iianiinoe oao eee eiuo i?anooiiuo aeay.iee. Iai?e-
ia?, oa i?anooieaiey, ca eioi?ua a aeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao
Ia?o iaeacaiey oieueei a aeaea eeoaiey naiaiaeu ia Aeee-
oaeueiua n?iee, a?yae ee iiaoo auoue i?eciaiu ia i?aae-
noaaeythueie aieueoie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe.
Iaeiiaoe, aeieaeii auoue oiaeaoaenoai iauanoaaiiie
“i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeaeoeaa o?oaeyueony (‘a ia aaeieie-
no?aoeee), oi?ioi ciathuaai aeiiaiiai, eae eeoei, neo-
/aeii niaa?oeaoaa iaoyaeeia i?anooieaiea. A yoii oi-
aeaoaenoaa aeieaeia au?aaeaoueny oaa?aiiinoue a oii, /oi
aeiiaiue iiaeao auoue ia?aainieoai e eni?aaeai ia?aie
iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey, aac i?eiaiaiey oaieiaiiai
iaeacaiey.
Ana yoe oneiaey i?aeoe/anee auaatho eiiaaea i?e ya-
ea n iiaeiiie e iieiea n iiee/iui. 0,ie ai?acaei ?aaea
ano?a/athony a inoaeueiuo neo/ayo. Ii ana aea oaeea neo-
/ae eiathony. Oioa? no?ieoaeueiie i?aaiecaoeee E. iinea
?aaiou caoae e naiae ciaeiiie e, auiea aianoa n iae,
caoaye nni?o, caoai iaian ae iacia/eoaeueiua iiaie,
iiaeiye ooi a eiiioiaeueiie eaa?oe?a, aaea i?iaeeaaei
ianeieueei naiae, ioaee/ii au?aaeaeny iaoeaico?iuie
neiaaie a aae?an ninaaeae naiae ciaeiiie. Ca yoe ooee-
aaineea aeaenoaey E. aue caaea?aeai nio?oaeieeaie ieee-
oeee, o?.eaueaiiieie ii auciao. A i?aaiao aeiciaiey ii
n?aco aea iieiinoueth i?eciae naith aeio e /enoina?aea/ii
?aneayeny a niaeayiiii. A i?ioeii E. ieeiaaea ieeaei-
ai i?anooieaiey ia niaa?oae, aue oi?ioei i?iecaiae-
noaaiieeii, i?eieiae o/anoea a iauanoaaiiie aeecie.
Eieeaeoea no?ieoaeueiie i?aaiecaoeee, /eaiii eioi?iai
ii yaeyeny, aicaoaeee oiaeaoaenoai i ia?aaea/a E. ia ii-
?oee aeey ia?aainieoaiey e eni?aaeaiey. Yoi oiaeaoae-
noai auei oaeiaeaoai?aii.
A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo i?aaiia?ia ia?aaea/a ia ii?oee
ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo i i?anooieaiee, aac aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iaoa?eaeueii-i?aaiaui iniiaa-
ieai e yoiio neoaeeo no. 52 OE, a i?ioeannoaeueii-i?aai-
aui-no. 10 OIE ?NON?. Anee yoio aii?in ?aoaao
.neaaeiaaoaeue eee i?aai aeiciaiey, o?aaoaony niaeanea
i?ieo?i?a, iaiin?aaenoaaiii aaaeouaai iaaeci? ca eo aeay-
oaeueiinoueth.
I oai, /oi aeiiaiia a i?anooieaiee eeoei ia?aaeaii
ii?aaeaeaiiie iauanoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeaeoe-
ao o?oaeyueony ia ii?oee aeey ia?aainieoaiey e eni?aa-
eaiey, aeieaeii auoue niiauaii ‘iioa?iaaoaio, anee oaei-
aie anoue. Ii a oa/aiea iyoe nooie ai?aaa iaaeaeiaaoue
iinoaiiaeaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
e i ia?aaea/a aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee niioaaonoaaiii auoa-
noiyuaio i?ieo?i?o eee a auoanoiyuee noae. Yoi auoa-
eaao ec niunea no.no. 9-10 OIE ?NON?.
Oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea aeio eeoea c
‘niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, ia i?aaenoaaeythuaai aieueoie
0’au’anoaai’iie iianiinoe, aeieaeiu auoue cae?aieaiu ni-
ioaaoaoaothueie aeieoiaioaie (iauyniaiey, i?ioieieu,
oa?aeoa?enoeee, ii?aaee e o. ae.), eioi?ua eiatho cia/a-
iea ienueiaiiuo enoi/ieeia aeieacaoaeuenoa. I?e yoii ia
neaaeoao caauaaoue, /oi caeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao aiciiae-
iinoue aiciaiiaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo, anee eeoei,
acyoia ia ii?oee, a oa/aiea aiaea ia ii?aaaeaei aeiaa?ey
eieeaeoeaa, ia?ooeei iaauaiea eni?aaeoueny e ia iiae-
/eiyaony ii?iai nioeeaeenoe/aneiai iauaaeeoey eee
inoaaeei ?aaioo n oeaeueth oeeiiaiey io iauanoaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey. A oaeii neo/aa iauanoaaiiay i?aaiecaoeey
eee eieeaeoea o?oaeyueony, acyaoea ia ii?oee, auiinyo
?aoaiea ia ioeaca io ii?o/eoaeuenoaa e iao?aaeytho yoi
?aoaiea a i?ieo?aoo?o eee noae aeey ?anniio?aiey aii-
?ina ia oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeiiaiiai. I?ieo?i?
eee ?anii?yaeeoaeueiia canaaeaiea noaea iiaoo aicaoaeeoue
oaieiaiia aeaei ii ‘ia?ae/iiio ‘iaoa?eaeo, ii eioi?iio
eeoei auei ia?aaeaii ia ii?oee (no.no. 9-10 OIE
?NON?).
8. A iciiaeiinoue ia?aaea/e ia?ae/iiai
iaoa?eaea i i ? a n o o in e a i e e a oiaa?euaneee
noae-no. 10 OIE ?NON?.
Iiaua oaieiaiua e oaieiaii-oa?thoeainoaeueiua eiaeae-
nu nithciuo ?anioaeee i?aaeoniao?eaatho aiciiaeiinoue
i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaeyo inaiaiaeaeaoue aeiiaiuo eeoe
io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe n ia?aaea/ae iaoa?eaeia a
oiaa?euaneee noae. Yoi aeiioneaaony a ioiioaiee oao ca-
i?auaiiuo oaieiaiui caeiiii aeayiee, eioi?ua oioy e
yaeythony i?anooiiuie, ii yoi-i?anooieaiey iaeicia-
/eoaeueiua. Oaieiaiue eiaeaen ?NON? aeaao i?aaeaea ana-
ai i?eia?iue ia?a/aiue oaeeo i?aaiia?ooaiee.
Ioieo 1 no. 51 OE ?NON? ioiineo e eo /eneo:
oiuoeaiiia eaaeia oaeaniia iia?aaeaeaiea eee iaiana-
iea iiaiaa, ia iiaeaeoaa ?anno?ienoaa caei?iauey, ?an-
i?ino?aiaiea a eieeaeoeaa eiaeiuo, iici?yueo /eaia
eieeaeoeaa eciuoeaiee e inei?aeaiea (/. 2 no. 112, /. 1,
no. 130 y no. ‘131 OE ?NON?).
160
Aoi?ie (ioieo yoie aea ii?iu ‘e iqmcniy .iaeicia/ioaeue-
iu.o ioothieo oa i?anooiiua aeayiey, ca eioi?ua oaieia-
iua cathiiii aeiioneaaony i?eiaiaiea ia? iauanoaaiii-
ai aicaeaenoaey acaiai oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey. Yoi-i?e-
/eiaiea eiouanoaaiiiai oua?aa ainoaea?noao eee iaua-
noaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee iooai iaiaia eee ceioiio?aaea-
iey aeiaa?eai i?e ionoonoaee i?eciaeia oeuaiey
(no. 94), i?enaiaiea yaothaeee ‘(no. 97), iaaeia?iniaanoiia
. ioiioaiea e io?aia nioeeaeenoe/aneiai ‘eiouanoaa (no,
100), i?e/eiaiea oaeaniiai in^aaeaeaiey eee iiaie, ia
iiaeaeoea ca niaie ?anno?ien-iaa caei?iauey (/. 2 no. 112),
oeeiiaiea io ieacaiey iiiiue ?iaeeoaeyi (no. 123),
. inoaaeaiea /aeiaaea a iianiinoe (/. 1 no. 127), iaiea-
caiea iiiiue aieueiiio (/. 1 no. 1’2’8), inei?aeaiea
(/. 1 no. 131, no. 192), eeaaaoa (/. il no. 130), naiioi?aa-
noai (no. 200 OE ?NON? e o. ae.).
Ioieo 3 no. 51 O E ?NON? niaea?aeeo aieaa iauoth
ii?io, eioi?ay oeacuaaao ia aiciiaeiinoue inaiaiaeaea-
iey io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe n ia?aaea/ae iaoa?e-
aeia a oiaa?euaneee noae i?e eiuo iaeicia/eoaeueiuo-
i?anooieaieyo, ia i?eaiaey i?eia?iiai ia?a/iy iineaae-
ieo. I?e i?eiaiaiee aeaiiie ii?iu aii?in i oii, ea-
,eia aeayiea iiaeao auoue iaeicia/eoaeueiui i?anooiea-
-‘/ieai, a eaaeaeii ioaeaeueiii neo/aa ?aoaaony i?aaiaie’
^i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aei-
e ciaiey a caaeneiinoe io oneiaee e oa?aeoa?a i?aaiia-
?ooaiey e ee/iinoe oiai, eoi aai niaa?oee. Ii e?ae-
iae ia?a caeanue eiathony a aeaeo oaieiaiua i?aaiia?o-
oaiey, eioi?ua ii noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe
i?eaeeaeathony e i?anooieaieyi, oeacaiiui a ia?auo
aeaoo ioieoao yoie noaouee oaieiaiiai eiaeaena. Oaeiau-
, -ie iiaoo auoue i?eciaiu /aua anaai aeayiey, eioi?ua
-^i?eia?aee i?anooiiia naienoai oieueei’ aaeaeo iiaoi?-
‘:: ‘iinoe, ec-ca oiai, /oi ca niaa?oaiea aiaeiae/iiai i?a-
^aiia?ooaiey aeiiaiia eeoei a i?ioeii oaea iiaeaa?/’
.^aaeinue ia?ai aeenoeeieeia?iiai eee aaeieieno?aoeaiiai-
: ^’aicaeaenoaey, ii yoeo ia? ieacaeinue iaaeinoaoi/iui aeey-
;.^aai ia?aainieoaiey e eni?aaeaiey (iaeeia oeuaiea,
^iaeeay niaeoeyoeey, iaeeia ooeeaainoai e o. ae.).
I?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai”
aeaea iaeicia/eoaeueiua i?anooieaiey iaeuecy niaoe-^-.
.aaoue n oaie aeaenoaeyie eee aacaeaenoaeyie, eioi?ua5′
oioy ‘oi?iaeueii e iiaeiaaeatho iiae aeaenoaea oaieiaiiai”‘
I Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea 161
caeiia, ii a -neeo iaeicia/eoaeueiinoe ia yaeythony i?a-
nooiiuie. A ia?aii neo/aa ?a/ue eaeao i i?anooieaieyo,
ai aoi?ii – iao. Iaeicia/eoaeueiua i?anooieaiey.’ii
noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, ‘aaconeiaii, aieaa
na?ueaciu, iaaeaee i?aaiia?ooaiey, iiaeiaaeathuea iiae
/. 2 no. 7 OE ?NON?. I?eaaaeai aeaa i?eia?a ec i?ae-
oeee. A i?aaiu ieeeoeee iinooieei niiauaiea, ec ei-
oi?iai auei aeaeii, /oi a?aaeaeaiea N. caaea?aeaia n 30ea
iioeuaiiie nieiiu. Ieacaeinue, /oi iia ?a-iaa ianoaeeia,
eiaea cao?oaeiaiey n ei?iaie e 28 aeaeaa?y 1960 a. aa/a-
?ii, ainiieueciaaaoenue ionoonoaeai io?aiieea, iia?o-
ceea ia naeacee nieiio e iiaacea aeiiie. I?e/ai au-
ynieeinue, /oi aeiiaiay iiaea au iieo/eoue io ‘eieoica’
‘nieiio e caeiiiui iooai, anee ‘au ia?aoeeanue a i?aa-
eaiea n niioaaonoaothuei cayaeaieai. A aeaiiii neo-
/aa i?aaiu ieeeoeee eiaee aeaei n i?aaiia?ooaieai,
eioi?ia oioy oi?iaeueii aae niaea?ae.aei i?eciaee oeua-
iey, ii aaeaeo naiae iaeicia/eoaeueiinoe ia yaeyeinue ,
i?anooiiui. Iiyoiio a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
auei ioeacaii ca ionoonoaeai ninoaaa i?anooieaiey,
/oi, ?acoiaaony, ioithaeue ia eneeth/aei aiciiaeiinoe
i?eaea/aiey a?aaeaeaiee N. e ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ii?yaeea
Onoaaa naeueneioicyenoaaiiie a?oaee. A ae?oaii neo/aa
i?aaiu ieeeoeee iieo/eee niiauaiea i caaea?aeaiee
a?aaeaeaieia I. n iieooi?a oeaioia?aie iioeuaiiie
ethoea?iu: ii ii/ueth .’ia eieoicyie eioaaee iiaoae ia
oie ninaaeiaai ‘eieoica, iia?ocee ethoea?io, ii aue caaea?-
aeai iieaaui io?aiieeii. Ooo i?aaiia?ooaiea oaeiai,
/oi n/eoaoue aai ia i?anooiiui iaeuecy. Ii aianoa n oai
yoi-i?anooieaiea iaeicia/eoaeueiia e iioiio caeanue
oiaea auei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea n
ia?aaea/ae iaoa?eaeia ia ?anniio?aiea oiaa?euaneiai
noaea, iineieueeo aeaiiua i oa?aeoa?a ‘i?anooieaiey e i
ee/iinoe a?aaeaeaieia I. (ii ?aiaa e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia
i?eaeaeaeny, eiae aieueooth naiueth, yaeyeny aic/eeii/
eieoica, ia i?iecaiaenoaa oa?aeoa?eciaaeny n iieiaee-
oaeueiie noi?iiu) naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaee i oii, /oi i?aai-
ia?ooeoaeue iiaeao *auoue eni?aaeai aac i?eiaiaiey
oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey, n iiiiuueth ia? iauanoaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey.
Iaeicia/eoaeueiua i?anooieaiey iaeuecy oaeaea nia-
oeaaoue n i?anooieaieyie, ia i?aaenoaaeythueie aieue-
oie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe.. Ia?aua ec ieo ii n?aa-
O^2
‘iaieth ni ‘aoi?uie iaiaa iianiu, ‘iaiaa na?ueaciu. I?e
i?anooieaieyo, ia i?aaenoaaeythueo aieueoie iauano-
aaiiie iianiinoe, ?a/ue iiaeao eaeoe oieueei i ia?aaea/a
ia ii?oee eeoea, i?eciaiiiai aeiiaiui. I?e iaeicia-
/eoaeueiuo i?anooieaieyo aii?in noaaeony eia/a-i
ia?aaea/a iaoa?eaeia ia ?anniio?aiea oiaa?euaneiai
noaea, eioi?ue nai onoaiaaeeaaao aeiiaiinoue eeoea a ni-
aa?oaiee i?aaiia?ooaiey e nai ii?aaeaeyao oa ia?u
iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey, eioi?ua iaaei i?eiaieoue e
aeiiaiiio. Oaeo ‘ia?aaea/e iaoa?eaeia i i?anooieaiee
a oiaa?euaneee noae ia i?aae?aoaao aeieacaiiinoe ie na-
iiai i?anooiiiai oaeoa, ie oai ‘aieaa aeiu oiai eee
eiiai eeoea a aai niaa?oaiee. Iiyoiio caeanue e n oi/ee
c?aiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey iinoaiia-
ee aii?ina i i?eiyoee ia? iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey,
iieiaeaiea ianeieueei eiia, /ai i?e ia?aaea/a aeiiaiiai
ia ii?oee iauanoaaiiui i?aaiecaoeeyi eee ‘eieeaeoe-
aai o?oaeyueony.
Ii neacaiiia auoa ia icia/aao, /oi a oiaa?eua-
neee noae iiaeii ‘ia?aaeaoue oaeea iaoa?eaeu i iaeicia-
/eoaeueiii i?anooieaiee, a eioi?uo iao oaaaeeoaeueiuo
oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. Ia?aaea/a iaoa?eaeia a oiaa?e-
uaneee noae-yoi aeo i?aaeaiey noaeo, oioy e iauanoaai-
iiio. E yoiio aeoo iiaeii e ioaeii i?aaeuyaeyoue o?aai-
aaiea i aeinoaoi/iinoe oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo aeey ioaee/-
iiai ?anniio?aiey aeaea a canaaeaiee oiaa?euaneiai no-
aea, yai eia/a iaaiciiaeii iaania/eoue yooaeoeaioth ?a-
aioo oiaa?euaneeo noaeia e aeiaeoueny oiai, /oiau ia
eiaae. Iiyoiio aiieia iiiyoii i?aaeienaiea no. 10 OI1\
?NON? i oii, /oiau a oiaa?euaneee noae ni noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ia?aaeaaaeenue iaoa?eaeu
oieueei ia i/aaeaeiuo iaeicia/eoaeueiuo i?anooieaieyo
‘e n niaeaney i?ieo?i?a, anee eo ia?aaeaao neaaeiaaoaeue
eee i?aai aeiciaiey. :
Neaaeoao iniai iiae/a?eiooue, /oi aiieia aeiionoeia
ia?aaea/a a oiaa?euaneee noae iaoa?eaeia ia inei?a-
eaieyo, iaianaiee eaaeeo oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee e ii-
aiaa, i eeaaaoa e o. i., anee aeaaea iioa?iaaoee i?ineo
i?eaea/ue aeiiaiiai e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. A yoii
neo/aa noaeuey iaycai niiauaoue iioa?iaaoaio i i?eiyoii
?aoaiee e i ii?yaeea aai iaaeaeiaaiey. A niioaaonoaee
ni no. no. 7 e 331 OIE ?NON? iioa?iaaoee a oa/aiea
II*
163
iyoe nooie ai?aaa iaaeaeiaaoue iinoaiiaeaiea noaeuee a
auoanoiyuee noae.
9.’Aiciiae i inoue ia?aaeaoue ia?ae/iue
iaoa?eae i i?anooieaiee a Eiienneth ii
aeaeai inniaa?oaeetheaoiyo-no. 10 OI1;:
‘-ny, ai-ia?auo, a ii?aaeaeaiiie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe ni*:’
165
aa?oaiey i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee ii i?eiyoeth e ?an-
niio?aieth ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee, ai-aoi-
?uo, a oao oi?iao, a eioi?ua yoe aeaenoaey e i?eiyoua
?aoaiey iaeaeathony. Iaa yoe noi?iiu iaoiaeyony a i?-
aaaaee/anenei aaeeinoaa n niaea?aeaieai aeayoaeueiinoe ii
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea e eiatho ia oaoie/aneee,
a i?aaiaie oa?aeoa?. Iie iaania/eaatho no?iai iinea’-
aeiaaoaeueiia, eiae/aneia ?acaeoea yoie aeayoaeueiinoe,
neoaeao i?aaiecothuei, aeenoeeieeie?othuei n?aaenoaii,
ia eiathuei ie/aai iauaai -n oi?iaeeciii.
Aeayoaeueiinoue ii ?aoaieth aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea ia/eiaaony n i?eiyoey (iaia?oaeaiey)
ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oaiiii
i?anooiiii aeayiee. Yoe naaaeaiey i?eieiathony eae a
ienueia-iyii, oae e a onoiii aeaea. Neiaaniua naaaeaiey
caiinyony a i?ioieie (no. 110 OIE ?NON?). I?e ca-
yaeaieyo a?aaeaeai yoio i?ioieie eiaioaony i?ioieieii
i?eaia onoiiai cayaeaiey i i?anooieaiee, i?e yaea n
iiaeiiie-i?ioieieii yaee n iiaeyiie. A i?ioi-
eiea oeacuaaaony ianoi e aeaoa aai ninoaaeaiey, aeieae-
iinoue, caaiea (eeanniue /ei) e oaieeey eeoea, ninoa-
aeaoaai i?ioieie, oaieeey, eiy, io/anoai, ianoi ?a-
aiou e ianoi iinoiyiiiai aeeoaeuenoaa cayaeoaey i i?a-
nooieaiee (yaeaoaainy n iiaeiiie) e iiae?iaiia ni-
aea?aeaiea aai cayaeaiey. I?e ninoaaeaiee i?ioieiea
aeieaeiinoiia eeoei i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u,.noaea, neaaeno-
aey e aeiciaiey iiaeao caaeaaaoue cayaeoaeth aii?inu,
iai?aaeaiiua ia ooi/iaiea eee aeiiieiaiea niiaua-
aiuo ei oaeoia e naaaeaiee i ieo. I?ioieie iiaeienu-
aaaony cayaeoaeai eee yaeaoeiny n iiaeiiie e aeie-
aeiinoiui eeoeii, i?eiyaoei ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i
i?anooieaiee.
I?e i?eaia ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee i i?anooieaiee
cayaeoaeth ?acuyniyaony ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca caaaaeiii
eiaeiue aeiiin, i /ai aeaeaaony ioiaoea ‘a i?ioieiea, e
yoa ioiaoea oaeinoiaa?yaony iiaeienueth cayaeoaey (no. 110
OIE ?NON?). Anee cayaeaiea iinooiaao ii ii/oa, o.c
, aeey oaeiai i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey aaoi?a aai iiaeii i?e-
aeaneoue a i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey, aeiciaiey e no-
” aea. Ee/iay yaea cayaeoaey iiaeao iiii/ue i?aaeeueiaa ioea-
. Ieoue cayaeaiea, oaeinoiaa?eoueny a oii, enoiaeeo ee iii aeae-
noaeoaeueii io eeoea, cia/auaainy aai aaoi?ii. Oai aieaa,
/oi iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo
t66
?anioaeee i?yii oeacuaatho ia oi, /oi
Eaaeaeue ec i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey iaycai i?eiyoue ana ca-
yaeaiey e niiauaiey i aioiayueony eee niaa?oaiiuo
i?anooieaieyo, ‘a oii /enea e ia ioiinyueony e eo aa-
aeaieth (no. 109 OIE ?NON?). Iaii?iaeueiu neo/ae,
eiaaea iiae. i?aaeeiaii
aeieaeiinoiua eeoea yoeo i?aaiia ioeacuaathony io i?e-
iyoey cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) i i?anooiiii aeayiee eee
aica?auatho ia?ae/iua iaoa?eaeu ia?aoii cayaeoaeth.
Oaeay i?aeoeea .aaaeao e aieieeoa.
Anee eeoei, i?eiyaoaa ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i i?a-
nooiiii oaeoa, iaeiiiaoaioii eo ?ac?aoeoue, oi iii
aeieaeii ii naiae eieoeeaoeaa iai?aaeoue ia?ae/iue ia-
oa?eae ii iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoe a iaaeeaaeauea i?aaiu.
Iaeiia?aiaiii .ei aeieaeiu auoue i?eiyou ana ia?u
e. i?aaeioa?auaieth e i?ana/aieth i?anooieaiey, e ca-
e?aieaieth aai neaaeia (no. 114 OIE ?NON?).
Iaeuecy aa?iooue cayaeaiea eee niiauaiea i i?a-
nooieaiee e ii iioeao ‘iaaeinoaoi/iinoe niaea?aeaueony
.a iai naaaeaiee eee i?eeiaeaiiuo e iaio aeieoiaioia.
I?aaiu, ?aoathuea aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea, aeieaeiu naie naeaeaoue ana iaiaoiaeeiia, /oiau
auno?i e i?aaeeueii ?ac?aoeoue cayaeaiea (niiauaiea).
Iie ia iiaoo ia?aeiaeeoue yoo iaycaiiinoue ia cayaeoa-
ey, aica?auay aio ia?aoii ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae n oea-
caieai
oaeueiua aeaiiua, oioy io cayaeoaey iiaeii iio?aaiaaoue
i?aaenoaaeaiey eiathueony o iaai aeieoiaioia e naa-
aeaiee. ;
.I?eiyoua ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i i?anooieaiee i?-
aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey, aeiaiaiey e noaea iay-
caoaeueii aeieaeiu auoue ?anniio?aiu a onoaiiaeaiiue”
caeiiii n?ie (no. 109 OIE ?NON?). I?e yoii i?aaeaea
anaai’ iaiaoiaeeii i?iaa?eoue, eiaaony ee iniiaaiea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
, Oaeay i?iaa?ea ioaeia a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo-
/aa. Iu ‘ia iiaeai i?eciaoue i?aaeeueiui iiaiea, /oi
i?iaa?ea ia?ae/iuo aeaiiuo i?aaei?eieiaaony oieueei
oiaae’a, eiaaea yoe aeaiiua iaaeinoaoi/iu aeey ieii/aoaeue-i
167
iiai ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
,. Niaaoneee caeii cai?auaao i?aaiai i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea>
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey anoaaaoue ia iooue
neaiie aa?u ooaa?aeaeaieyi cayaeoaey, iaoaie/anee iiae-
oiaeeoue e iei. Ii iaycuaaao eo a eaaeaeii neo/aa oua-
oaeueii ?acia?aoueny a oaeoao, ioee/eoue oaeoe/aneea
aeaiiua io auaiaeia e oiicaeeth/aiee cayaeoaey, iano-
aeeoue iainiiaaiiinoue anaai oiai, i /ai aiai?eony a ca-
yaeaiee (niiauaiee).
Aaaeue a naiii aeaea, ai anyeii ia?ae/iii ‘iaoa?eaea
i i?anooieaiee niaea?aeaony eaeea-eeai naaaeaiey, nnuea-
ynue ia ieo, iienuaaaony ii?aaeaeaiiue oa’eo, aeaeaaony
oiicaeeth/aiea i aai i?anooiiinoe e noaaeony aii?in i
i?eaea/aiee ‘e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeiiaiiai.
Any ?acieoea ninoieo a oii, /oi a iaeieo neo/ayo yoe ii-
iaiou ‘au?aaeathony aieaa io/aoeeai, a ae?oaeo-iaiaa.
I?aai, ?aoathuee cii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaii-
ai aeaea, aeieaeai eaaeaeue ?ac eco/eoue a ia?aoth i/a-
?aaeue yoio iaoa?eae, i?iaa?eoue iathniiaaoiinoue*” i?aae-
iieiaeaiee eea ooaa?aeaeaiee cayaeoaey eiaiii ii
i’aio1.
‘.Ii iaoiaeai oaeay i?iaa?ea au?aaeaaony a oua-
oaeueiii eco/aiee anao i?aaenoaaeaiiuo cayaeoaeai aei-
eoiaioia e aauanoaaiiuo enoi/ieeia, a aiaeeca niaea?-
aeaueony a yoeo iaoa?eaeao oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, a
ioeaiea yoeo naaaeaiee eaaeaeiai a ioaeaeueiinoe e anao a
niaieoiiinoe, a ?anniio?aiee i?aaeeueianoe auaiaeia
cayaeoaey e a iieeoeei-i?aaiaie ioeaiea oaeoia, eioi-
?ua iiaoo n/eoaoueny ?aaeueiuie. A ?acoeueoaoa inouano-
aeaiey oaeie i?iaa?ee aeieaeiinoiua eeoea i?aaiia i?i-
eo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaeyie aeiciaiey
iiaoo i?eeoe e ?acee/iui auaiaea-i. Iiaeao, ai-ia?auo,
ieacaoueny, /oi:
a) niiauaaiiai oaeoa ia auei a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe;
‘ A coie nayce oioaeinue au caiaoeoue, /oi a iaoae th?eaee/aneie
eeoa?aoo?a i?eiaieoaeueii e ae?oaei noaaeeyi oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna
iiiyoea oiio?aaeyaony i?aaeaea anaai eiaiii a niunea
eco/aiey, aiaeeca e ioeaiee eiathueony a aeaea aeaiiuo. Iu, ia- – .
i?eia?, aiai?ei, /oi noaeu eannaoeeiiiie e iaaeci?iie einoaioeee..;,
i?iaa?ytho iainiiaaiiinoue e caeiiiinoue i?eaiai?a, oioy yoe :””;
noaeaaiua einoaioeee naie eaeeo-eeai aeiiieieoaeueiuo aeieaca- *t
oaeuenoa ia aeiauaatho, ia?aie/eaathony a iniiaiii enneaaeiaaieai
oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, oaea eiathueony a aeaea.
.68
a) oaeo nouanoaoao, ii ii aiana ia yaeyaony i?i-
oeaii?aaiui n oi/ee c?aiey ii?i oaieiaiiai i?aaa;
a) ii eiae ianoi, oi?iaeueii iiaeiaaeaao iiae aeae-
noaea oaieiaiiai caeiia, ii a neeo /. 2 no. 7, no. no. 11,
13, 14 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia yaeyaony
i?anooiiui (e iiiaioo niaa?oaiey eee ei a?aiaie
?anniio?aiey ia?ae/iiai iaoa?eaea);
‘a) oaeo anoue, nai ii naaa ii iauanoaaiii iianai,
iaeiaei aai niaa?oeei eeoei, ia aeinoeaoaa oanoiaaeoeaoe-
eaoiaai ‘eee a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo /aou?iaaeoeaoe-
– eaoiaai aic?anoa;
ae) oaeo iaeeoei, a iai eiathony i?eciaee ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey, ii anoue iaeii ec ?anniio?aiiuo auoa ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, a neeo caeiia eneeth/athueo iniiaaiea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Ai anao yoeo neo/ayo i?iaa?ea niiauaiey ia yoi-w
caaa?oaaony, eaeea-eeai aeiiieieoaeueiua aeaiiua ia aei>;;.
auaathony, i?eieiaaony ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aic1aoaeaea-^
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee i iai?aaeaiee ia?ae/iiai ia-
oa?eaea ‘ii iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoe. ^”
‘I?e i?iaa?ea niiauaiey eee cayaeaiey iiaeao, >
aeaeaa, ieacaoueny, /oi eiathueany a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea”.
aeaiiua iieacuaatho iaee/ea i?anooiiiai oaeoa e io-.
noonoaea caeiiiuo i?aiyonoaee e aicieeiiaaieth aeaea. ?:
A yoii neo/aa eaeea-eeai aeiiieieoaeueiua naaaeaiey
oiaea ia aeiauaathony, iaiaaeeaiii aicaoaeaeaaoey oai-
eiaiia aeaei.
Iaeiiaoe, a eiaea i?iaa?ee niiauaiey (cayaeaiey)
iiaeao ‘auoue auyaeaii, /oi naaaeaiey, niaea?aeaueany a-
ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea, aaeaeo ‘naiae yaeiie?aoiinoe eee
iaaeinoaoi/iinoe ia iicaieytho ieii/aoaeueii ?aoeoue.
aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Oiaaea anoaao
aii?in i i?iaa?ea niiauaiey (cayaeaiey) iooai aei-
auaaiey aeiiieieoaeueiuo oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. Eiai-
ii oaeea neo/ae eiathony a .aeaeo a no. 109 OIE ?NON?,
eioi?ay i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi
Iaaei oaa?aei iiiieoue, /oi oaeay i?iaa?ea aeiionea-
aony eneeth/eoaeueii a oeaeyo Iaania/aiey i?aaeeueiiai-
?ac?aoaiey niiauaiee e cayaeaiee i i?anooieaieyo.
Iia ia aeieaeia eiaoue ianoa, ‘anee niiauaiea (cayaea-
iea) iiaeao auoue oniaoii ?ac?aoaii i?e iaee/iii
169
iaoa?eaea. Ie/ai ia ii?aaaeaia i?aeoeea, eiaaea aeiiie-
aeeoaeueiua aeaiiua .aeiauaathony i?e iieiie yniinoe
aii?ina.
Oae, a i?ieo?aoo?o ?aeiia iinooieei niiauaiea
i oeuaiee a ioeoeaeieoaaoi?iie noaioeee. Ec aeoa ?a-
aecee yanoaiaaei, /oi aooaaeoa? i?aaei?eyoey i?enaiee
cia/eoaeueiia eiee/anoai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, eiathony’
oaeou iacaeiiiiai nienaiey yeoe e oeuieyo. Ana yoi ia
io?eoeaeinue e iaoa?eaeueii ioaaonoaaiiuie eeoeaie, ii,
ianiio?y aea yoi, i?ieo?i? aieaa aeaoo iaaeaeue niae?ae
aeanyoee iauyniaiee, oioy a yoii ia auei ieeaeie ia-
iaoiaeeiinoe.
A ae?oaii neo/aa i?ieo?i? ?aeiia iieo/ee io ia-
uanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee niiauaiea i oii, /oi a?aaeo i?eioaeeoaeueiui ia?ai, a /anoiinoe,
Iauyniaiey a?aaeaeai iiaoo aeaaaoueny eae a onoiie>;
oae e a ienueiaiiie oi?ia. Ienueiaiiua iauyniaiey ni-._
noaaeythony eie nianoaaiii?o/ii. Iie aeieaeiu niaea?-
aeaoue oeacaiey, ‘eoi aeaao iauyniaiea (oaieeey, eiy,;’
io/anoai, ianoi ?aaiou e iinoiyiiiai aeeoaeuenoaa) e /o;>;
eiie?aoii aio ecaanoii ii i?iaa?yaiiio oaeoo. Nei-^
aaniua iauyniaiey aeathony a oiaea ‘aanaaeu e caiinyony.,/
a i?ioieie. Iineaaeiee aeieaeai auoue i?i/oai e iiaeie- ;
nai eeoeii, aeaaoei iauyniaiea.
I?e i?iaa?ea iniiaaiey e Aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiie
ai aeaea iiaoo iio?aaiaaoueny naaaeaiey, naycaiiua ni
niaoeeaeueiuie iao/ii-oaoie/aneeie ciaieyie. Oaeea ;
aeaiiua iiaeii iieo/eoue iooai eeai ee/iie ‘eiinoeue-
oaoeee o niioaaonoaothuaai niaoeeaeenoa, eeai iooai..
i?aaeeiaeaiey caeioa?aniaaiiiio o/?aaeaeaieth i?aaieci-..
aaoue aaaeiinoaaiioth yenia?oeco e i?aaenoaaeoue aa iaoa-
?eaeu. Ii aii?in ieeiei ia?acii ia iiaeao noiyoue a
ieineinoe, iacia/aiey e i?iaaaeaiey noaeaaiie ‘yenia?-
oecu, eioi?ay aeiionoeia eeoue iinea .aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, a ii?yaeea no. no. 78-82, 184-194 OI1 i?anooieaiey. Ii naiaio iacia/aieth
iie i?eaieaiu oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea iaaei ?ane?uoue i?a-
nooieaiea, eciaee/eoue aeiiaiiai e aeieacaoue aai aeio,
eiaaea a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea iieiaeeoaeueii
?aoai aii?in i oii, /oi eiaaony niaa?oaiiia i?anooi-‘
eaiea. Iiea yoio aii?in ia ?aoai eee oieueei ?aoaaony,
eae yoi eiaao ianoi a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea, iao iniiaaiey e oiio, /oiau niaa?oaoue neaaeno-
aaiiua aeaenoaey/eneaoue
Ai-aoi?uo, noaaeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
eiaao no?iai ia?aie/aiioth caaea/o, eioi?ay ea aeeth/ae
ao a naay aeieacuaaiey e iiaeao oniaoii ?aoaoueny aac
neaaenoaey. Iia ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o e a neeo ia?aie/ai-
iinoe iaiin?aaenoaaiiuo caaea/ ia aeieaeia aeeth/aoue ?ac-
aa?ioooth nenoaio ?aciiia?aciuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaeno-
aee, i?eiaiyaiuo a i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey. Eia/a yoa
173
noaaeey i?ioeanna noaea au no??iaaoii-i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey oae aea, eae i?aaeaiea noaeo i?aa?aoeeinue
au a aaia?aeueioth ?aiaoeoeeth noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeueno-
aa, a eannaoeeiiiue ia?aniio? i?eaiai?a-a ?anniio-
?aiea aeaea a aiaeeyoeeiiiii ii?yaeea, anee au yoe ‘noa-
aeee i?ioeanna auee niaaeeiaiu ni neaaenoaeai.
Iiyoiio eae a oai?ee, oae e a i?eeacao Aaia?aeue-
iiai I?ieo?i?a NNN? aiieia i?aaeeueii inoaeaeaaony
ii?i/iay i?aeoeea, i?e eioi?ie iiae aeaeii i?iaa?ee
niiauaiey (cayaeaiey) i?iaiaeeony ianoiyuaa i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea. Iaeiaei ana aea i?eoiaeeony
eiinoaoe?iaaoue, /oi iiaeiaiay i?aeoeea oaeoe/anee aua
iieiinoueth ia ecaeeoa, ioaeaeueiua ?aaioieee i?ieo?aoo-
?u e ieeeoeee io?aeathony io iaa n yaiie ia?aoeoaeue-
iinoueth. Nioeainy ia i?eia?u.
Oae, a ?aeiiiie aacaoa niiauaeinue i i?aauoaiee
naieo neoaeaaiuo .iieiiii/ee aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie
N. e I. A nayce n yoei i?ieo?i? aeae neaaeiaaoaeth oea1
caiea:
ei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
I?ieo?i? ae?oaiai ?aeiia, i?iaa?yy niiauaiea i
nia?oe a?aaeaeaiee I., iacia/ee noaeaaiiiaaeeoeeineoth
yenia?oeco, auian iinoaiiaeaiea ia yenaoiaoeee, i?iec-
aae iiiciaiea o?oia, aeae ioaeaeueiua ii?o/aiey i i?i-
ecaiaenoaa neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee, i?iaae iiaoi?ioth
noaeaaioth yenia?oeco e oieueei iinea anaai yoiai auian
iinoaiiaeaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oaeay i?aeoeea yaeyaony a?oaui ia?ooaieai ca-
eiia e aeieaeia auoue enei?aiaia. Neaaenoaaiiua aeaeno-
aey aeiionoeiu oieueei a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey. Oaeiai iauaa i?aaeei,
auoaeathuaa ec /. 2 no. 109 OIE ?NON?, eiathuaa i?ei-
oeeieaeueiia cia/aiea a iaania/aiee caeiiiinoe e aa?ai-
oee i?aa a?aaeaeai a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo-
?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey.
Ii a oi aea a?aiy i?aaenoaaeyaony ii?aaaeaiiui ii-
noaaeoue aii?in i iaeioi?uo, oioy e ?aaeeeo, eneeth/aie-
yo ec yoiai i?aaeea. Iaeuecy ia o/anoue, /oi a ?aaioa i?-
aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey eiiaaea ano?a-
174
/athony oaeea cayaeaiey e niiauaiey i i?anooieaiee,
i?iaa?youe iainiiaaiiinoue eioi?uo iaaiciiaeii aac ii-
?aaeaeaiiuo neaaenoaaiiuo e iia?aoeaiuo , aeaenoaee.
Neaaeiaaoaeue, iai?eia?, i?eiya oaeaoiiia?aiio ia
iaia?oaeaiee /aeiaa/aneiai o?oia, ia iiaeao aac iniio-
?a o?oia e ie?oaeathuae ianoaiiaee neacaoue, eiaaony
ee caeanue ianeeuenoaaiiay nia?oue, .ianooieaoay, aiciiae-
ii, -aneaaenoaea i?anooiiiai aeayiey. Aeieaeiinoiia eeoei
i?aaia aeiciaiey, iieo/ea niiauaiea i o?ainii?oiii i?i-
enoanoaee eee i iiaea?a, aei iniio?a niioaaonoaothuaai
ianoa /anoi auaaao ia a ninoiyiee ii?aaeaeeoue, iiaeii
ee aiai?eoue i iaee/ee i?anooiiiai oaeoa. iB iiaeiaiuo
neo/ayo iniio? ianoa i?ienoanoaey e naycaiiua n yoei
iia?aoeaiua ia?ii?eyoey iaiaoiaeeiu i?aaeaea anaai
aeey iieo/aiey aeaiiuo, aeiiieiythueo eiathueany a i?-
aaiao i?ieo?aoo?u e IAAe naaaeaiey. I?e/ai ooo yoe
aeaiiua ia iiaoo auoue aeiauou eaeei-eeai eiui iooai,
aneaaenoaea /aai iniio? ianoa i?ienoanoaey e niioaao-
noaothuea iia?aoeaiua ia?ii?eyoey aunooiatho .eae
aaeeinoaaiii i?eaieaiua iaoiaeu i?iaa?ee iniiaaiey e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oi/ii oaeia aea iieiaeaiea eiaao ianoi oiaaea, eia–
aea, neaaeai, ?aaioiee ieeeoeee ia ?uiea iaia?oaeeaaao,
/oi eaeia-oi eeoei i?iaeaao a?aaeaeaiai iiaua i?iiuo-
eaiiua oiaa?u ii caauoaiiui oeaiai. A aeaiiii neo-
/aa aac caaea?aeaiey e ee/iiai iaunea iiaeic?aaaaiiai,
aac iaiaaeeaiiiai i?iaaaeaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo iia?aoea-
iuo ia?ii?eyoee /aua anaai iaaiciiaeii ?aoeoue, eia-
aony ee iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. I?e-
/ai, aeaaea a oaeeo neo/ayo caaea?aeaiea ia iiaeao caia-
ieoue ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iu n/e-
oaai ianinoiyoaeueiui ooaa?aeaeaiea, /oi i?e yoii ii-
noaiiaeaieai i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea naieoeeiie?oaony oaea
ia/aoia oaieiaiia aeaei’. Caaea?aeaiea ii iniiaaieyi,
oeacaiiui a no. 32 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa,
i?iecaiaeeony /aua anaai oaie ?aaioieeaie ieeeoeee,
eioi?ua naie ia iaaeaeaiu i?aaii aicaoaeaeaoue oaieia-
iia aeaei e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia iiaoo aoiaeeoue a ianoaeaea-
iea yoiai aii?ina, i?eiyoue ii iaio oaeoe/aneia ?aoa-
iea. Iii, e?iia oiai, ia aea/ao ca niaie aaoiiaoe/a-
1 Ni. ?. Ae. ? a o o i i a, Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea a niaao-
neii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, I., 1954, no?. 68-69.
175
/, neiai aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iinea caaea?aeaiey
‘.’anaaaea ouaoaeueii aiaeece?othony eiathueany oaeoe/a-
.-..neea aeaiiua i oa?aeoa?a niaa?oaiiiai aeayiey e ee/ii-
A^noe i?aaiia?ooeoaey. I?e yoii iiaeao ieacaoueny, /oi
:’;-iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea iao. Oae,
:^ “^iia?aoeaiuie ?aaioyaeeea;ie ieeeoeee aue caaea?aeai
^.^neana?ue A., eioi?ue iuoaeny auianoe ec neeaaea caaiaea
J. ‘iaoa?eaeueiua oeaiiinoe ia noiio 72 ?oa. O/eouaay ia-
>” niaa?oaiiieaoea A., aai i?aaeithth aacoi?a/ioth ?aaioo
“ss}y iacia/eoaeueioth iauanoaaiioth iianiinoue niaeayiiiai,.
.’i?ieo?i? i?eoae e auaiaeo, /oi aeayiea A. a neeo /. 2/
.-^no. 7 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa iiaeao auoue.
i?eciaii iai?anooiiui. Ia yoii iniiaaiee ii ioeacae:,
“, s aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea e iinoaaee aii?in i.:,
]. i?eiyoee a ioiioaiee A. ia? iauanoaaiiiai ‘aicaeae- .
“: ^”noaey. . ^
\’-‘,; N caaea?aeaieai oanii naycaiu oaeea aeaenoaey, e,ae’;
‘-..’.iniio? ianoa caaea?aeaiey, iaune caaea?aeaiiiai .e aai:
‘inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea (a /anoiinoe, n oeaeueth ii?aaeaeaieye
ninoiyiey iiueyiaiey). Iie oiaea a ?yaea neo/aaa yaey-^
thony iaoiaeaie iieo/aiey ia?ae/iuo aeaiiuo, iaiaoi-S;
aeeiuo aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaea-^
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ecaanoiu, iai?eia?, iiiai/eneai”^
iua neo/ae, eiaaea ia ianoa caaea?aeaiey auee iaia?o-‘:8?
aeaiu i?oaeey niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey e eiua enoi/-^.
ieee aauanoaaiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa.-Io?aaeaiea yoeo aeae-^
noaee e iaia?oaeaiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa a i?ioieiea ca- o
aea?aeaiey, i?aeoeeoaiia iaeioi?uie ?aaioieeaie ie-E
eeoeee, ia aiieia i?aaeeueii, iineieueeo i?ioieie caaea?-a^
aeaiey eiaao ae?oaia oeaeaaia iacia/aiea. ‘^
Oaeei ia?acii, iniio? ianoa i?ienoanoaey, caaea?-,-:.
aeaiea iiaeic?aaaaiiai, iniio? ianoa caaea?aeaiey, in- i?i-
aaaeaiea noaeaaiie yenia?oecu e iienue eiouanoaa iiaei-
c?aaaaiiai’. Yoi oaeoe/anee aaaeao e eeeaeaeaoeee noa-
aeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, e i?iecaiaenoao ie-
/ai ia ia?aie/aiiiai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey
ii iaeioi?ui niiauaieyi (cayaeaieyi) iacaaeneii
io eo iainiiaaiiinoe. ?acoeueoaoii yoiai a ?yaea neo/aaa
iiaeao yaeoueny ia?ooaiea o?aaiaaiee nioeeaeenoe/a-
neie caeiiiinoe, ouaieaiea i?aa ,e caeiiiuo eioa?ania
ioaeaeueiuo a?aaeaeai.
I?e i?iaa?ea iniiaaiey aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea oianoii iinoaaeoue aii?in i i?eaea/aiee e
yoiio oe?ieie niaaoneie iauanoaaiiinoe. A enoi?ee
‘ Iai?eia?, E, E. Ia?oiiiae/ iieaaaao, /oi i?e i?iaa?ea
niiauaiee ia oaeenoaa, ecianeeiaaiee, niaeoeyoeee e i iaeioi?uo
ae?oaeo i?anooieaieyo aeiionoeiu oaeaea aeii?inu, iaunee, auaiee,
noaeaaiay yenia?oeca e. a?ano eiouanoaa (
/aneay, 1957, no?. 78-81). N. A. Aeueia?o e A. A. No?aiianeee a pa- .
aioa
iuneue, /oi ana iaioeiaeiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey iiaoo niaa?-
oaoueny aei auianaiey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea. (Oa?ueeia,
1957, no?. 7).
12 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea 1/^
niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, eae .ecaanoii,’ aue ia-
?eiae, eiaaea aeaiiue aii?in ?aoaeny iieiaeeoaeueii. Ii
a oa aiaeu yoa ia?a i?eiaiyeanue ia anaaaea i?aaeeueii,
eiaea ?yae io?eoeaoaeueiuo iiiaioia e ieacaeanue ia-
neieueei i?aaeaeaa?aiaiiie. Ia nia?aiaiiii aea yoaia
?acaeoey niaaoneiai iauanoaa, eiaaea ian?aaieii aic-
?inea niciaoaeueiinoue a?aaeaeai e iaaethaeaaony ao?iia
iiauoaiea eo aeoeaiinoe ai anao noa?ao nioeeaeueiie
aeecie, oneiaey, ‘iaiaoiaeeiua aeey aeoeaiiai o/anoey
oe?ieeo neiaa ianaeaiey a ?aaioa i?ieo?aoo?u,
ieeeoeee e ae?oaeo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia, aiieia
nic?aee.
A /anoiinoe, iauanoaaiiinoue aeieaeia oe?a i?eaea-i
eaoueny e i?ana/aieth i?anooiiuo aeayiee e e caaea?aea-
ieth iiaeic?aaaaiuo. Ae?oaeeiieee, oiieiiii/aiiua aei-
iioi?aaeaiee, aeoea oiaa?euaneeo noaeia e iauanoaai-
iua einiaeoi?a iiaoo ieacaoue niaeaenoaea a auyaeaiee
e niae?aiee ia?ae/iuo naaaeaiee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?a-
aeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey niiauaiey eee cayaeaiey i i?a-
nooieaiee. Iauanoaaiiua ?aaeci?u, /eaiu a?eaaae eii-
ioienoe/aneiai o?oaea e i?aaenoaaeoaee iauanoaaiiuo
i?aaiecaoeee iiaoo iiii/ue a i?aaiecaoeee e i?iaaaeaiey
?aaecee, aaaeiinoaaiiuo i?iaa?ie, a eco/aiee ia ianoa
(a o/?aaeaeaieyo eee i?aaei?eyoeyo) niioaaonoaothueo:
aeieoiaioia e eiuo iaoa?eaeia e-o. ae. Ana yoi eiaao
aaaeiia cia/aiea ia oieueei a niunea iaeioi?ie ?aca?oc-
ee i?aaiia i?ieo?aoo?u, Eiieoaoa ainoaea?noaaiiie
aaciianiinoe ,e ieeeoeee, ii e n oi/ee c?aiey aieaa i?a-
aeeueiiai ?aoaiey aii?ina i iaee/ee a- eaaeaeii eii-
‘e?aoiii neo/aa iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea, iineieueeo nicaeaaony aiciiaeiinoue a iaeneiaeueiie
ia?a o/eouaaoue i?e yoii iauanoaaiiia iiaiea.
A oiaea i?iaa?ee niiauaiey i i?anooieaiee o iaae-
eaaeauaai aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea oi?ie?oaony auaiae i aai
iainiiaaiiinoe eee, iaiai?io, iaiainiiaaiiinoe. A yoie
nayce e?aeia aaaeii, /oiau ca iiaeienueth aeieaeiinoiiai
eeoea, i?eieiathuaai ia naay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca i?a-
aeeueiinoue ?ac?aoaiey cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) i i?a-.
nooieaiee auei i?eiyoi i?ioeannoaeueii ioi?ieaiiia
?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca
a oaeiaii. Iaeuecy n/eoaoue ii?iaeueiuie neo/ae, eiaaea
ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo ieeaeiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?a-
oaiey ia auiineony. Oaeay i?aeoeea ia niioaaonoaoao
178
caeiio e iiaeao nicaeaoue aoiinoa?o aacioaaonoaaiiinoe
i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae.
I?ioeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo
i i?anooieaiee aeieaeii i?eieiaoueny i?aaiaie i?ieo-
?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey eee aeiciaiey oiai aaeieieno?a-
oeaiiai ?aeiia, aaea o/eiaii oaeia aeayiea. Yoe i?aaiu,
?anniio?aa cayaeaiea eee niiauaiea i i?anooiiii aeay-
iee, niaa?oaiiii aia ?aeiia eo aeayoaeueiinoe, oaieia-
iia aeaei aicaoaeaeatho oieueei i?e oneiaee, anee eiaaony
iaiaoiaeeiinoue a i?iecaiaenoaa iaioeiaeiuo neaaenoaai-
iuo aeaenoaee aei ia?aaea/e aeaea ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiiaT.
Anee ?anniao?eaaeny ia?ae/iue iaoa?eae i i?a-
nooieaiee, ianoi niaa?oaiey eioi?iai iiea iaecaanoii,
oi i?ioeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii oiaea i?eieiaaony ii ia-
noo iinooieaiey niiauaiey (cayaeaiey). Ii yoiio aea
i?eioeeio ?ac?aoathony niiauaiey i i?anooieaieyo,
o/eiaiiuo ca a?aieoeae a?aaeaeaiaie NNN? eee eeoeaie
aac a?aaeaeainoaa, anee iie iaoiaeyony ia niaaoneie oa?-‘
?eoi?ee^–“””‘
,^-^?aoai’ea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
i?eieiaaony oieueei i?e ionoonoaee aeaenoaeoaeueii i?a-
nooiiiai oaeoa eee i?e iaee/ee iaeiiai ‘ec ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, a neeo caeiia i?aiyonoaothueo oaieiaiiio no-
aeii?iecaiaenoao. Iiyoiio iaeuecy iaeia?eoue ano?a/ath-
uothny ia ianoao i?aeoeeo,’ eiaaea iaeioi?ua ?aaioieee
i?ieo?aoo?u e ieeeoeee, i?eaey e auaiaeo, /oi a ia?ae/-
iii iaoa?eaea eiathony i?eciaee oaieiaiiai i?aaiia-
?ooaiey, i?aneaaeoaiiai a ii?yaeea /anoiiai iaaeiaiey,
?aoatho
ii nouanoao i?aiyonoaoao iioa?iaaoaio noaaeoue ia?aae
noaeueae aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, oae eae
aeey iieiaeeoaeueiiai ?aoaiey yoiai aii?ina nia/aea
iaaei aeiaeoueny ioiaiu iacaeiiiiai ?aoaiey ia ioeaca
a aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea ii aeaiiiio i?anooiiiio oaeoo.
Iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua ‘eiaeaenu nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee i?yii i?aaeoniao?eaatho, /oi i?ieo?i?, neaaei-
aaoaeue e i?aaiu aeiciaiey, iaia?oaeea a ia?ae/iii ia-
oa?eaea i?eciaee i?anooieaiey, i?aneaaeoaiiai a ‘ii-
?yaeea /anoiiai iaaeiaiey, aeieaeiu iai?aaeoue iaoa?eae
12*
179
noaeuea aeey ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea (iai?eia?, no. 373 OIE Ocaaeneie NN?).
Iaeiia?aiaiii n ?aoaieai i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea aeieaeiu auoue i?eiyou aeaenoaaiiua ia?u e
i?aaeioa?auaieth eee i?ana/aieth i?anooieaiey, a ?aaii
e cae?aieaieth neaaeia i?anooieaiey (/. 4 no. 112 OIE
?NON?).
I?e i?eiyoee i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoaiey iaaei
o/anoue, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei aeieaeii aicaoaeaeaoueny ii
oaeoo i?anooieaiey.
Eiia/ii, ai iiiaeo cayaeaieyo e niiauaieyo ‘ia-
iin?aaenoaaiii oeacuaaaony eeoei, yaeythuaany, ii iia-
ieth cayaeoaey, aeiiaiui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey.
Anoue ‘oaeea aeaenoaey, ii?aaeaeeoue i?anooiiinoue eioi?uo
i’a i?aaenoaaeyaony ‘aiciiaeiui, ‘anee iaecaanoai noauaeo
(.iai?eia?, aieueoeinoai aieineeo i?anooieaiee, oeei-
iaiea io i?ecuaa ia aiaiioth neoaeao e o. ae.). Eiaaea
eeoei caaea?aeaii n iiee/iui eee eiaao ianoi yaea n’
‘iiaeiiie, n naiiai ia/aea ianoaeaeaaony iiaaaeaiea aiie-
ia ii?aaeaeaiiiai eeoea. Aiaeiae/iia iieiaeaiea ano?a-
/aaony e i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oaeoo
auionea iaaeia?iea/anoaaiiie, iaeiiieaeoiie eee
ianoaiaea?oiie i?iaeoeoeee, aea/e caaaaeiii eiaeiuo
iieacaiee e o. ae. Ii ionthaea iaeuecy aeaeaoue auaiae,
/oi a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo iiaeao auoue i?eiyoi ?aoa-
iea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea _ i?ioea eiie?ao-
iuo eeoe.
Eiaaea oaieiaiia aeaei aicaoaeaeaaony i?ioea eii-
e?aoiiai eeoea, oi iineaaeiaa (oioei iu yoiai eee iao)
ioeoeeaeueii naycuaaaony n i?anooiiui ^oaeoii e noa-‘
aeony a iieiaeaiea eeoea, oaieiaii ioaaonoaaiiiai ca ia-
ai. Yoi i?ienoiaeeo iioiio, /oe a oaeii neo/aa aeo aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?eia?aoaao ianaienoaaiiia .
aio ea/anoai, noaiiaeony ooaeoaai ?iaea no??iaaoii ii-
noaiiaeaiey i i?eaea/aiee eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaono-
aaiiinoe. Ooo eeoei, i?ioea eioi?iai aicaoaeaeaaony aea-
ei, ia i?inoi oaeoe/anee iiaeic?aaaaony a i?anooiea-
.’iee, a th?eaee/anee, a i?ioeannoaeueiii aeoa i?eaeaeaao-
ny e aicaoaeaeaiiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo .e oai naiui i?a-
a?auaaony a iiaeneaaenoaaiiiai, a naiaai ?iaea iaaeiya-
iiai. Ia eiy oaeiai eeoea caaiaeeony oaieiaiia aeaei e
oai naiui ia iaai eneonnoaaiii aiceaaaaony oyaeaeia
a?aiy oeacuaaoue a aieaoao:
i?eaeaeaee ii aeaiiiio aeaeo e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiii-
noe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai. Ana yoi aaaeao e oe?ieiio
aaaaeaieth a niaaoneee oaieiaiue i?ioeann oeao?u iiaeic?a-
aaaiiai e ia niioaaonoaoao iauae oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey
iaoae i?ioeannoaeueiie nenoaiu, i?iieeiooie aeooii ni-
oeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe, aa?aioee i?aa e caeiiiuo
eioa?ania a?aaeaeai.
Niaaoneia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noai ciaao iaeei ii?yaeie aiceiaeaiey ia eeoei iaycaiii-
noe ianoe oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca niaa?oaiiia
i?anooieaiea – i?eaea/aiea a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai,
i?aaeuyaeaiea aio iaaeiaiey. Yoio aeo aeieaeai auoue ni-.
aa?o?i aacioeaaaoaeueii, eae oieueei nia?aiu aeinoaoi/-
iua oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, ananoi?iiia i?iaa?aiiua aeiea-
caoaeuenoaa aeey oi?ioee?iaaiey iaaeiaiey, aeey i?eaea-
/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa ia-
aeiyaiiai. Aei yoiai aea iao ie oaeoe/aneiai, ie th?eaee-
/aneiai iniiaaiey e oiio, /oiau ioeoeeaeueii eiin.oaoy-*
?iaaoue i?e/anoiinoue eiie?aoiiai eeoea e i?anooieaieth,
aiceaaaoue ia iaai iaycaiiinoue a oaieiaiii ii?yaeea io-
aa/aoue ca iaai. Iiaeii ianoaeaeaoue, “enneaaeiaaoue iiaaaea-,
aeaiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai eeoea, iuneaiii iiaeic?aaaoue aai a
niaa?oaiee i?anooiiiai aeayiey. Eeoeoue i?aaiu aeicia-
iey, i?ieo?i?a e neaaeiaaoaey yoie aiciiaeiinoe iaeuecy.
Ii iaaeiionoeii niaoeeaeueii i?eaeaeaoue /aeiaaea e oai>
eiaiiio aeaeo a ea/anoaa iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee oaeoe/a-
neiai iiaeneaaenoaaiiiai, i?aaeaeaa?aiaiii, aac aeinoaoi/-
iuo iniiaaiee eaaaeeciaaoue eiathueany a ioiioaiee ia-
ai iiaeic?aiey. Yoi iieiaeaiea aucuaaaony ioithaeue ia
oi?iaeueiuie niia?aaeaieyie. Iii aeeeooaony caaioie i
aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe, auoaeaao ec nioeeaeenoe/aneiai
nouanoaa niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. A yoii-iaeii
ec iiiai/eneaiiuo i?iyaeaiee aa?aaeiiai, aieiaoaeueii-
ai ioiioaiey e /aeiaaeo a iaoae no?aia, iaeia ec oi?i
caueou aai /anoe e ?aiooaoeee io iacaneoaeaiiiai eo iii-
?i/aiey.
Ana yoi oai aieaa aaaeii nae/an, eiaaea caeii i?yii
iiae/a?eeaaao, /oi iiaeic?aaaaiui i?eciathony oieueei:
a) eeoea, caaea?aeaiiua ii iiaeic?aieth a i?anooieaiee;
a) eeoea, e eioi?ii i?eiaiaia ia?a i?ana/aiey aei
i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey (no. .52 OIE ?NON?). Eaei-
181
ai-ee-ai ae?oaiai eeoea, iaoiaeyuaainy a iieiaeaiee iiaei-
c?aaaaiiai, a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna auoue ia
iiaeao.
I?eiyoea ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
ia ii ‘oaeoo i?anooieaiey, a n?aco i?ioea eiie?aoiuo
eeoe ya aiieia i?aaiia?ii e ii ae?oaei niia?aaeaieyi.
Iii, ai-ia?auo iiaeao aanoe e oaiaeaioeeiciiio ?annea-
aeiaaieth aeaea, iieieaaaoue aai iauaeoeaiinoue e ananoi^
?iiiinoue, iineieueeo a yoii neo/aa i?iecaiaenoai ii aea-
eo n naiiai ia/aea iieo/aao oaiaeaioeeiciia iai?aaea-,
iea e o neaaeiaaoaey (i?aaia aeiciaiey) ineoieiae-
/anee iiaeao nicaeaoueny aia/aoeaiea eee aeaaea oaa?ai-
iinoue, /oi aeaei ianoiyei a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe eiaiii
oae, a-ia eia/a, /oi aio inoaeinue oieueei iiaee?aieoue
auaiaeu eeoea, aicaoaeeaoaai oaieiaiia aeaei. I?e i?e-
iyoee oaeeo ?aoaiee, ai-aoi?uo, oaea a ia?aie noaaeee
i?ioeanna, i?e ionoonoaee aeaiiuo i iiiaeo nouanoaai-
iuo /a?oao aeaoiey, onoaiaaeeaaaony e?oa oaieiaii io-
aaonoaaiiuo eeoe. A oiaea aea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey yoio e?oa /anoi iaiyaony. .A iaeieo neo/ayo e
oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ‘ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai i?e-
aeaeathony iiaua eeoea, i?e/ai iie. ia?aaeei ieacuaatho-
ny iniiaiuie aeiiaieeaie i?anooieaiey. A ae?oaeo-
iaaeiyaiuie noaiiayony oieueei iiaua’ eeoea, a oa a?aae-
aeaia, i?ioea eioi?uo auei aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei,
eee inoathony naeaeaoaeyie ii aeaeo .eee. nianai auauaa-
tho ec i?ioeanna. E oiio aea, a ioiioaiee oaeeo eeoe ea-
eia-eeai iiaia i?ioeannoaeueiia ?aoaiea ‘ia i?eieiaao-
ny, aneaaenoaea /aai oaeoe/anee iie inoathony ia?aaae-
eeoe?iaaiiuie. Yoei naiui, n iaeiie noi?iiu, io/anoe
oiaeyaony cia/aiea aeoa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea,
n ae?oaie-ouaieythony i?aaa ‘e caeiiiua eioa?anu io-
aeaeueiuo a?aaeaeai. – :
Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea i?ioea eiie?aoiiai
eeoea i?aaiia?ii oieueei a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea aeaei ia
i?ioiaeeo noaaeeth i?aaeaa?eoaeuiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, ia-
?aaeaaony n?aco aea iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia noaeaaiia ?acae-
?aoaeuenoai. Yoi eneeth/aiea ec iauaai i?aaeea iauyn-
iyaony oai, /oi ii oaeei aeaeai ia ninoaaeyaony’ niaoee-
aeueiue aeo i?eaea/aiey eeoea e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaai-
yinoe, iaaeiaiea oi?ioee?oaony iaiin?aaenoaaiii a ?a-
oaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea e iioiio nai
caeii o?aaoao oeacaoue a ?aciethoeaiie /anoe yoiai ?a-
182
>
– oaiey eeoei, i?eaeaeaaiia e iaaeiaieth’ e i?aaeaaaaiia
noaeo (iai?eia?, no. 373 OIE Ocaaeneie NN?).
\Z-‘ E?aeia aaaeii, /oiau “eaaeaeia ?aoaiea, i?eiyoia
a i?aaiaie i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey ii
cayaeaieyi eee niiauaieyi i i?anooiiii aeayiee, au-
ei /aoei ioi?ieaii i?ioeannoaeueii. Yoi aeaao aiciiae-
iinoue i?iaa?youe caeiiiinoue e iainiiaaiiinoue oaeeo ?a-
oaiee, oneeeaaao ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?eiyaoeo eo aeieae-
iinoiuo eeoe, yaeyaony aaaeiui n?aaenoaii . ai?ueau i?i-
oea aiciiaeiuo i?iyaeaiee aaccaeiiey.
— ?aiueoa iaiin?aaenoaaiii a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia auei i?yiiai oeacaiey i-a
n/ao oiai, eae i?ioeannoaeueii ioi?ieoue yoe ?aoaiey.
Ia i?aeoeea iiae/an ano?a/aeenue neo/ae, eiaaea ?aoa-
iey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea (a /anoiinoe ii
aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey) e ia ioeaca a oaeiaii ioi?-
ieyeenue a aeaea ?acee/iuo ?aciethoeee e ni?aaie. Yoi
eiiaaea niinianoaiaaei iai?aaeeueiiio ?ac?aoaieth ia-
eioi?uo cayaeaiee i i?anooieaieyo, nicaeaieth aoii-
noa?u aacioaaonoaaiiinoe i?e ?aoaiee ii iei aii?ina
i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iiaua oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua eiaeaenu nithciuo
?anioaeee ainiieiytho yoio-i?iaae. Iie niaea?aeao nia-
oeeaeueiua noaouee i ii?yaeea i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?iea-
iey ?aoaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia io-
eaca a yoii. Iai?eia?, no. 90 OIE Eacaoneie GCP oea-
cuaaao, /oi . Noaouey 94 OIE Ocaaeneie IN? i?aaeoniao-
?eaaao, /oi
iua ii naiaio niaea?aeaieth oeacaiey niaea?aeaony a
no.no. 112-113 OIE ?NON? e a niioaaonoaothueo noa-
oueyo oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithc-
iuo ?anioaeee.
Oaeei ia?acii, oaia?ue ana i?aaiu e aeieaeiinoiua
eeoea a caaeneiinoe io eiie?aoiuo, aeaiiuo aeieaeiu ;
ioi?ieoue naie ?aoaiey ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo i
i?anooieaiee a aeaea iinoaiiaeaiey (ii?aaeaeaiey) i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii.
Yoi a ?aaiie ia?a ioiineony ei anai i?aaiai aeicia–
iey, a oii /enea, iaaei iieaaaoue, e e aiaiiiio eiiaiaei-
aaieth a eeoea eiiaiaee?ia aieineeo /anoae, niaaeeiaiee
e ia/aeueieeia aiaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee eee caaaaeaiee’.
Iinoaiiaeaiea (ii?aaeaeaiea) i aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
‘”aeiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a yoii ninoieo ec aaiaeiie,
.iienaoaeueiie e ?aciethoeaiie /anoae.
Ai aaiaeiie /anoe aeieae.ii auoue oeacaii, aaea, eiaaea e
eai auiineony yoi iinoaiiaeaiea eee ii?aaeaeaiea.
A iae oaeaea ioia/aaony, /oi a aeaiiii neo/aa iineo-
aeeei iiaiaeii e ?anniio?aieth aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee ,
oaieiaiiai aeaea-cayaeaiea, niiauaiea, yaea n iiaei-
iie eee iaiin?aaenoaaiiia oniio?aiea naiiai aeaiiiai
i?aaia eee aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea. Yoi iaiaoiaeeii aeey ?-
Oiai, /oiau eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue a neaaeothuae /anoe ii-.-‘-
n.oaiianoaiey (ii?aaeaeaiey) i?aaeeueii ?oeiaiaenoai-
aaoueny niioaaonoaothuei ioieoii oie noaouee i?ioeanno-
aeueiiai caeiia, a eioi?ie ia?a/eneythony iiaiaeu e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea (iai?eia? no. 108 OIE
?NON?). ‘ ^
Iaeaieaa neiaeiue e ioaaonoaaiiue iiiaio iinoa-, ‘
iiaeaiey – aai iienaoaeueiay /anoue, i?ecaaiiay auoue;,’.;
ooiaeaiaioii i?eieiaaiiai ?aoaiey. Caeanue i?aaeaea ^
anaai oeacuaaaony oaeoe/aneay noi?iia aai?ina. N o/a-O
oii eiathueony iauaeoeaiuo aeaiiuo -ynii e /aoei ec- ‘:Q’
eaaaaony, eaeea ec oaeoia, oiiiyioouo a niiauaiee”:’
eee cayaeaiee, iiaoo n/eoaoueny eiaaoeie ianoi a aeae-
noaeoaeueiinoe. I?e yoii iaaei no?aieoueny ecaaaaoue
aeaoo e?aeiinoae: n iaeiie noi?iiu, iiaa?oiinoiinoe, ia-
‘ ?aiueoa aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaaiea i?e aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea niaoeeaeueiiai iinoaiiaeaiey ia ninoaaeyei. Eiiaiaee?u /anoae
e ia/aeueieee aiaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee ia?aie/eaaeenue ienueiaiiui
eee aeaaea onoiui i?eeacii i i?iecaiaenoaa aeiciaiey. Aeiciaaaoaeue,
iieo/ea oaeia i?eeacaiea, ninoaaeye iinoaiiaeaiea i i?eiyoee
aeaea e naiaio i?iecaiaenoao e i?enooiae e ?anneaaeiaaieth. A ee-
oa?aoo?a auneacuaaeenue iiaeaeaiey, /oiau aiaiiia eiiaiaeiaaiea
a ie?iia a?aiy ioi?ieyei ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea a aeaea
niaoeeaeueiiai iinoaiiaeaiey (ni.
184
eiie?aoiinoe, n ae?oaie-/?acia?iie ioieooaeueiinoe.
Anee ia?aay ec ieo i?eaeaao iinoaiiaeaieth oi?iaeue-
iue oa?aeoa?, eeoaao aai oaaaeeoaeueiinoe e ia aeaao aic-
iiaeiinoe noaeeoue eae ia iauaia, oae e i iai?aaeaiee
i?aaenoiyuaai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai -?anneaaeiaaiey, oi aoi-”
?ay-i?eaiaeeo e caa?iiiaeaeaieth aeaiiiai aeoa iaioae-
iuie iiae?iaiinoyie, cao?oaeiyao aiciiaeiinoue ioee/eoue
nouanoaaiiia io ianouanoaaiiiai.
I?e iienaiee oaeoa oii? aeieaeai aeaeaoueny ia ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea ?aoathuaa cia/aiea i?e aai ni-
oeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneie e i?aaiaie ioeaiea. Anee, .iai?e-
ia?, ?a/ue eaeao i aei?iaeiii i?ienoanoaee, oi neaaeoao
iooaieoue, eiaeinue ee ia?ooaiea ?aaioieeaie o?ain-
ii?oa o?oaeiaie aeenoeeieeiu. Eiaaea ?aoaaony aii?in i
iaaeinoa/a, iaiaoiaeeii iiae/a?eiooue, anoue ee oaeou oa-
eaoiiai ioiioaiey e neoaeaa ‘eee oeuaiea. Anee iie-
nuaaaony oaeo iiaea?a, a oeaio?a aieiaiey aeieaeiu ia-
oiaeeoueny naaaeaiey, iieacuaathuea noaiaiue niaethaeaiey
i?aaee i?ioeaiiiaea?iie aaciianiinoe, e o. ae.
Eae i?eciaiea, oae e ii?iaa?aeaiea niiauaaiuo
oaeoia aeieaeiu aace?iaaoueny ia eiie?aoiuo aeaiiuo,
niaea?aeaueony a ia?ae/iii iaoa?eaea eee aeiauouo a
oiaea aai i?iaa?ee. Ie anaaiciiaeiia aeaeea?e?iaaiea,
ie noauaeoeaiay oaaaeaeaiiinoue’ eeoea, ?aoathuaai aii-
?in i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea, ia a ninoiyiee i?eaeaoue iau-
aeoeaioth oaaaeeoaeueiinoue iinoaiiaeaieth, anee aai iie-
naoaeueiay /anoue ia iie?aaony ia oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua,
iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii ia iioeae?iaaia.
Eiia/ii, iinoaiiaeaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea-yoi
ia iaaeieoaeueiia caeeth/aiea .e ia i?eaiai? noaea. Iaeue-
cy o?aaiaaoue, /oiau iii iniiauaaeinue ia ?acaa?iooie
nenoaia noaeaaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, oae eae a ia?aie noa-
aeee i?ioeanna eo aua ii/oe iao. Ii iiaeii e ioaeii
i?aaeuyaeyoue o?aaiaaiea, /oiau iienaoaeueiay /anoue ii-
noaiiaeaiey aeeth/aea a naay e?aoeee aiaeec eiath-
ueony ia?ae/iuo aeaiiuo, iioeae?iaaeanue nnueeie ia
iaeaieaa aaaeiua ec ieo. Iioeae?iaea iiauneo oaaaee-
oaeueiinoue e aaoi?eoao iinoaiiaeaiey, iio?aaoao io
aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea aieaa ouaoaeueiiai ?acai?a oaeoia.
Ionoonoaea iaaeeaaeauae iioeae?iaee a iinoaiiaeaiee
iiaeao i?eaanoe e ioeaeai, e oiio, /oi i?aaeeueiia ?a-
oaiea iiaeao ‘auoue acyoi iiae niiiaiea e inii?&ii caei-
oa?aniaaiiuie eeoeaie, a .iai?aaeeueiia ?aoaiea iiaeao
185
inoaoueny ‘iacaia/aiiui. Iiyoiio caeii i?yii i?aaeienu-
aaao i?e aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea i?eiyoue iioeae?iaaiiia
?aoaiea (no. 87 OIE Eacaoneie GGP). Ia i?aeoeea aei
neo ei? ia?aaeei a iinoaiiaeaieyo i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea
ionoonoaiaaea anyeay iioeae?iaea. Iaaiciiaeii i?e-
ciaoue iieiioeaiiui, ‘iai?eia?, iinoaiiaeaiea i aicaoae-
aeaiee aeaea, iienaoaeueiay /anoue eioi?iai noi?ioee?i-
aaia oaeei ia?acii:
Caeanue iao yniinoe aeaaea a oii, eaeei aeieaeiinoiui ee-
oeii, eiaaea, aaea e a ioiioaiee eaeeo iaoa?eaeueiuo oeai-
iinoae aeiiouaia iaaeinoa/a, eiaaea e eai iia auyaeaia,
eaeeie .aeieoiaioaie iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony. Yoe ianoiyoaeue-
noaa iaaeaeo oai, ii eiathueiny aeaiiui, auee ecaano-
iu. I. ?aaioae caaaaeothuei ioaeaeii iaaaceia ? 3
1958 a. i?e i?eaia-naea/a, ia?aciaaeanue iia a oa/aiea
/aou?ao iineaaeieo ianyoeaa ii ?aciiai ?iaea eiiaeeoa?-
neei ecaeaeeyi, a iiaeoaa?aeaeaeanue aeoii ‘eiaaioa?eca-
oeee. Ionoonoaea aea aeieaeiiai aieiaiey e yoei aeaiiui,
a oaeaea e iauyniaieth iaoa?eaeueii ioaaonoaaiiiai ee-
oea i?eaaei e i?eiyoeth iai?aaeeueiiai ?aoaiey: iaaeinoa-
/a ieacaeanue ?acoeueoaoii iiauoaiiie anoanoaaiiie ,
oauee.
I?eia?ii yaii- iaoaaaeeoaeueiiai, .iaiioeae?iaai-
iiai aeoa ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii-
aeao iineoaeeoue iinoaiiaeaiea, iienaoaeueiay /anoue ei-
oi?iai noi?ioee?iaaia oae:
yeaiaioa?iie eiaeee ‘e a?oaay .ia?yoeeainoue – aio /oi
naienoaaiii yoiio aeieoiaioo. Ianeo/aeii, /oi auoa-
noiyuee i?ieo?i? ioiaiee yoi iinoaiiaeaiea e aicao-
aeee ii oaeoo ianeeuenoaaiiie nia?oe I. oaieiaiia aeaei,
a oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey eioi?iai auea aeieacaia neioey-
oeey naiioaeenoaa.
Aiai?y ia oaaaeeoaeueiinoe a eceiaeaiee oaeoia, ia-
iaoiaeeii ?aoeoaeueii ioiaaeaauaaoueny io i?aeoeee ni-
noaaeaiey iinoaiiaeaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea, iaei
186
/ai ioee/athueony io aeoa i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai. Iienaoue .oaeo
ia aaca eiie?aoiuo aeaiiuo a ia?aie noaaeee i?ioean-
na-aua ‘ia cia/eo enoiaeeoue ec aai aeinoiaa?iinoe e ai-
ai?eoue i iai oae, neiaii ii oaea iieiinoueth aeieacai.
Caeanue aeayiea ecaanoii eeoue a iaueo /a?oao, e yoi ia-
noiyoaeuenoai aeieaeii iaeoe io?aaeaiea a iinoaiiaea-
iee. A yoie nayce iaeuecy n/eoaoue aacoi?a/iui, iai?e-
ia?, iinoaiiaeaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea, aaea ooaa?aeaea-
einue: e o. ae.
Iienaoaeueiay /anoue iinoaiiaeaiey (ii?aaeaeaiey)
i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaei-
aii aeieaeia niaea?aeaoue oaeaea ioeaieo noaiaie iauano-
aaiiie iianiinoe aeayiey eae e iiiaioo niaa?oaiey,
oae e e a?aiaie ?anniio?aiey cayaeaiey eee niiaua-
iey i iai. Anee i?eciaee ninoaaa i?anooieaiey a aeay-
iee ioiaaeatho aeaaiaea?y /. 2 no. 7, no.no. 10-11, 13-14
Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, oi neaaeoao yoi iiae-
?iaii iainiiaaoue. A oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iniiaaiea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea eneeth/aaony aaeaeo aeoa
aiienoee, enoa/aiey aeaaiinoiuo n?iei’a oaieiaiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoe eee eiuo i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a caeiia ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeii ana yoi niaoeeaeueii oeacaoue ni
nnueeie ia niioaaonoaothuea noaouee iaoa?eaeueiiai e
i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Eiaaea aeayiea, i ei-
oi?ii iinooieei niiauaiea (cayaeaiea) eae i i?anooi-
iii, i?eciaaony eeoue aaeieieno?aoeaiui, aeenoeeieeia?-
iui, a?aaeaeaineei eee eiui iaoaieiaiui i?aaiia?o-
oaieai, iaaei i?eaanoe iniiaaiea e iioeau oaeiai
auaiaea.
‘ 187
Aianoa n’ oai neaaeoao o/anoue, /oi a iinoaiiaeaiee
(ii?aaeaeaiee) i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia.
ioeaca a oaeiaii ia iaoa?eaeueiii caeiia iaaei inii-..,
auaaoueny, a ii?iaie i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa ?oeiaiae-;;’..
noaiaaoueny. Aeiioneatho iaoi/iinoue oa i?aeoe/aneea ?a-.1;
aioieee, eioi?ua, iai?eia?, a iinoaiiaeaiee ia ioeaca;;’
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ?oeiaiaenoaothony /. 2 –
no. 7, no. no. 10^-11, 13-14 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoaa eee ae?oaeie ii?iaie oaieiaiiai caeiia. Ao-
aeao i?aaeeueiaa a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo a iinoaiiaeaiee
.ienaoue: <...ia iniiaaiee noaouee... oe e aiaenoaoynue i. no. ae niioaaonoaothuei ioie- oii oie> e o. ae. Yoi iauyniyaony
‘oai iieiaeaieai, /oi oi?ia e niaea?aeaiea ethaiai i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai aeoa ii?aaeaeythony iaiin?aaenoaaiii ii?-
iaie ia iaoa?eaeueiiai, a i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa.
Iinoaiiaeaiea (ii?aaeaeaiea) i aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaeia?i caaa?oaaony ?a-
ciethoeaiie /anoueth, eioi?ay aeieaeia auoaeaoue ec iie-
naoaeueiie /anoe, auoue aa eiae/aneei i?iaeieaeaieai..’
Caeanue oi?ioee?oaony i?eiyoia ?aoaiea. Anee aeaei aic-
aoaeaeaaony, oi /aoei e iaaeaoiune’aiii oeacuaathony:
aeayiea, ii eioi?iio aicaoaeaeaaony aeaei e eioi?ia iiae-
eaaeeo ?anneaaeiaaieth, th?eaee/aneay eaaeeoeeaoeey aeay-
iey, ni nnueeie ia niioaaonoaothuoth noaoueth oaieiaiiai
caeiia e eeoei, eioi?iio ii?o/aaony aaaeaiea i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai neaaenoaey eee aeiciaiey. Eiaaea aeaei aicaoae-
aeaaony y ?anneaaeoaony iaeiei e oai aea aeieaeiinoiui
eeoeii, auiineony iinoaiiaeaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea e i?eiyoee aai e i?iecaiaenoao. A ?acieth-
oeaiie /anoe yoiai aeoa aeiaaaeyaony: .
Anee aicaoaeaeaiiia aeaei yaeyaony neiaeiui eee
i?aaeiieaaaao aieueoie iauai ?a’aiou, a ?aciethoeaiie
/anoe iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
oeacuaathony ana oa neaaeiaaoaee, eioi?ui ii?o/aaony
aaaeaiea neaaenoaey. Iaeiia?aiaiii ii?aaeaeyaony, eoi ec
ieo aeieaeai i?eiyoue aeaei e naiaio i?iecaiaenoao. Yoio
neaaeiaaoaeue ?oeiaiaeeo aeaenoaeyie ae?oaeo neaaeiaaoaeae
e nai aaeeiiee/ii ?aoaao ana iaeaieaa i?eioeeieaeueiua
aii?inu ii aeaeo. Inoaeueiua neaaeiaaoaee ia?aie/eaa-
thony, a iniiaiii, niaa?oaieai neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
188
niaee, iai?aaeaiiuo ia niae?aiea e i?iaa?eo aeiea-
caoaeuenoa.
Ia i?aeoeea iaaethaeaaony iaeioi?ay iaii?iaeue-
iinoue a oi?ioee?iaaiee ?aciethoeaiie /anoe iinoaiia-
eaiee e ii?aaeaeaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
eee ia ioeaca a yoii. ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea au?aaeaaony a naiii ?aciiia?aciii
aeaea:
?aoaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea oiaea oi?io-
ee?oaony ii-?aciiio: ,
.
Iaaeaeo oai ecaanoii, /oi /aoeia, i?aaeeueiia, e aaeeiiia-
.?aciia oi?ioee?iaaiea i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoaiey,
e?aoei iainiiaaiiia ,e th?eaee/anee a?aiioiia eceiaea-
iea anao aai /anoae, a oai aieaa ?aciethoeaiie-yoi
ia?aaeoaa o?aaiaaiea, eioi?iio aeieaeai oaeiaeaoai?youe
ethaie i?ioeannoaeueiue aeieoiaio.
Iu n/eoaai, /oi a ?aciethoeaiie /anoe yoeo iinoa-
iiaeaiee-e ii?aaeaeaiee iaeaieaa i?aaeeueii aeaoue oa-
eea oi?ioee?iaee:
aeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei ii oaeoo e?aaee iaoa?eaeueiuo oeai-
iinoae ec eaa?oe?u a?aaeaeaieia I. ii i?eciaeai /. 1
no. 144 OE ?NON?;
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaey ii oaeoo naiioaeenoaa a?aae-
aeaiee N. ec-ca ionoonoaey i?eciaeia eaeiai-eeai ninoa-
aa i?anooieaiey. Oaeea oi?ioee?iaee ioee/athony iae-
aieueoae /aoeinoueth, eaoaai?e/iinoueth e oaaaeeoaeueii-
noueth, /oi aeieaeii auoue naienoaaiii eaaeaeiio i?ioeanno-
aeueiiio ?aoaieth.
A ?aciethoeaiie /anoe iinoaiiaeaiey ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea oaeaea oeacuaaaony, /oi
caeioa?aniaaiiua eeoea e o/?aaeaeaiey (i?aaiecaoeee) au-
ee oaaaeiieaiu i i?eiyoii ?aoaiee, a caoai ioia/atho-
ny n?ie e ii?yaeie iaaeaeiaaiey (no. 113 OIE ?NON?).
189
A iae, iiieii oiai, iaeioi?ua i?aeoe/aneea ?aaioieee
ioia/atho i iaiaoiaeeiinoe noaaeoue aii?in i aeenoeeiee-
ia?iie’eee eiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca aeaiiia aeayiea, an-
ee oniao?eaatho a iai i?eciaee i?aaiia?ooaiey,, ee-
oaiiiai i?anooiiiai oa?aeoa?a. Iai?eia?, i?ieo?i?
iaeiiai ?aeiia, ioeacuaay a aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea ii oae-
oo oeuaiey 3. 3,46 ea nieiiu, a naiai iinoaiiaeaiee
oeacae: . Ii aea a ae?oaii .iinoaiiaeaiee
ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea, auianaiiii ii niiaua-
ieth i i?iaeaaea ca” iaee/iue ?an/ao iinooieaoeo ia
ainoaea?noaaiioth caeoieo oiaa?ia, ioiaoee:
/oi oaeay i?aeoeea iiaeao auoue ioeaiaia oieueei iiei-
aeeoaeueii. Oioy caeanue ?a/ue ‘eaeao i iai?ioeannoaeueiuo
i?iaeaiao, ii iie oaniaeoei ia?acii naycaiu n ?aoa-
ieai ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. I?ei-
oeeieaeueiay aiciiaeiinoue ?ac?aoaiey oaeeo i?iaeai
a i?ioeannoaeueiii aeoa i?aaeoniao?eaaeanue no. 222 OAI1957a.,
aui. 1, no?. 38. .
191
1923 aiaea i oii, /oi a oaeeo neo/ayoooaa?aeaeaiea aeie-
aeii iineaaeiaaoue a oa/aiea o?aoaeiaaiiai n?iea (i?e-
ia/aiea 2 e no. 96), ia iiaei auoue i?eciaii i?eaiea-
iui. ?ac ii aeaiiiio aeaeo oaea ia/aoi i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia
?anneaaeiaaiea, oi aii?in ia ooaa?aeaeaiee iinoaiiaea-
iey i aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea oa?yao anyeee niune, eai
‘yoi iinoaiiaeaiea oaea ia iiaeao auoue ioiaiaii, anee
aeaaea iii auei auianaii iai?aaeeueii. A yoii neo-
/aa ?a/ue aeieaeia eaeoe oaea i i?ae?auaiee -oaieiaiiai-
aeaea. :
Iniiau oaieiae.iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa 1958 aiaea a
no. 30 oeacuaatho, /oi neaaeiaaoaeue i?eieiaao i?ioean-
noaeueiua ?aoaiey naiinoiyoaeueii e ianao iieioth io-
aaonoaaiiinoue ca eo caeiiiia e naiaa?aiaiiia i?iaaaea-
iea a ae.eciue.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen ?NON? i?aaeon-
iao?eaaao i/aiue aaaeiia iiaia i?aaeei, niaeanii eioi-
?iio i anyeii ?aoaiee, i?eiyoii ii cayaeaieth (niia-
uaieth) i i?anooieaiee, niiauaaony cayaeoaeth (/. 3
no. 109). Yoi iaiaoiaeeii naeaeaoue aeey oiai, /oiau
cayaeoaeue oi/ii c,iae, eaeie oiae aeai aai cayaeaieth,
e iia iaaeaeiaaoue aeaenoaey niioaaonoaothueo eeoe,
anee yoie aeaenoaey i?aaenoaaeythony aio .iai?aai-
ia?iuie.
Iinoaiiaeaiea eee ii?aaeaeaiea eae i aicaoaeaea-
iee aeaea, oae e ia ioeaca a oaeiaii iiaeao auoue iaaea-
eiaaii caeioa?aniaaiiu1I1E eeoeaie-cayaeoaeyie i i?a-
nooieaiee, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaiecaoeeyie e aeieaeiino-
iuie eeoeaie, niiaueaoeie i ‘i?anooiiii oaeoa, eeoeai,
i?ioea eioi?iai aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei /anoiiai
iaaeiaiey, aai caueoieeii e o. ae. Ii?aaeaeaiey noaea e
iinoaiiaeaiey noaeuee iiaoo auoue oaeaea ii?ioanoiaaiu
i?ieo?i?ii.
Iaaeaeiaaiea e ii?ioanoiaaiea iinoaiiaeaiey
noaeuee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea /anoiiai iaaeia-
iey aiciiaeii aei ia/aea noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aea-
ea, ii?aaeaeaiey noaea i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea-aei .ia/a-
ea ii iaio i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. Iaaeaei-
aaiea iinoaiiaeaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae, au-
ianaiiuo i?aaiaie neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, i?aeoe/a-
nee iaaiciiaeii, oae eae ii yoei aeaeai n?aco aea ia/e-
iaaony niaa?oaiea neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee e iioi-
io ?a/ue iiaeao eaeoe oieueei i i?ae?auaiee oaieia-
192
iiai aeaea, ii ia ia ioiaia iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaea-
|iee aeaea. ‘
Iinoaiiaeaiey e ii?aaeaeaiey ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaoo auoue iaaeaeiaaiu (ii?i-
oanoiaaiu). Eo iiaeii iaaeaeiaaoue n oeaeueth aeiaeoueny
eee ioiaiu, eee oieueei eciaiaiey oi?ioee?iaie. Anee,
iai?eia?, caeioa?aniaaiiia a yoii eeoei n/eoaao, /oi
oioy ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
ii nouanoao i?aaeeueii, ii a iai niaea?aeaony ii?i/auea
aai oi?ioee?iaee, oi yoi eeoei iiaeao i?eianoe aeaeiao
ia ?aoaiea n .i?inueaie eneeth/eoue ec iaai oaeea oi?io-
ee?iaee.
A i?eioeeia aeiionoeii iaaeaeiaaiea iinoaiiaeaiey
ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea e oai eeoeii,
a ioiioaiee eioi?iai auei iiaeaii cayaeaiea i niaa?-
oaiee i?anooieaiey.
Yoi aiciiaeii a oao neo/ayo, iai?eia?, eiaaea a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ioeacaii a neeo aeoa ai-
ienoee ‘eee enoa/aiey aeaaiinoiuo n?ieia oeieiaiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoe, a yoi eeoei n/eoaao, /oi ia auei naiiai
i?anooiiiai aeayiey. Anee ioeac i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea eiae ianoi ca nia?oueth eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai
i?anooieaiea, oi oaeia ?aoaiea ‘iiaoo iaaeaeiaaoue aeec-
eea ‘?iaenoaaiieee oia?oaai, aeaoa oa? aniaayiua a aai
?aaaeeeoaoeee.
Iaaeaeiaaiiia iinoaiiaeaiea i?aaiia i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey ia?aniao?eaaaony i?ieo-
?i?ii ?aeiia, i?ieo?i?a-auoanoiyuei i?ieo?i?ii,
noaea e noaeuee-auoanoiyuei noaeii. Ia?aniio? ?aoa-
iey i aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea iiaeao eiaoue ianoi ii oniio?a-
ieth i?ieo?i?a (eiaaea ?aoaiea auianaii neaaeiaaoaeai
eee eeoeaie, ioiinyueieny e i?aaiai aeiciaiey) eee
ii aai i?ioanoo (anee iii iinoaiiaeaii noaeii .eee
noaeueae), a ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee aeaea-ii
oniio?aieth i?ieo?i?a (anee ?a/ue eaeao i iinoaiiaea-
ieyo neaaeiaaoaey e i?aaia ieeeoeee), ii aai i?ioanoo
(a ioiioaiee ii?aaeaeaiey noaea e iinoaiiaeaiey noaeuee)
e ii aeaeiaa caeioa?aniaaiiuo eeoe (iacaaeneii io oi-
ai, eai i?eiyoi ?aoaiea),
Iniiaaieai .e ‘ioiaia iinoa.iiaeaeey (ii?aaeaeaiey)
i ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaei-
aii neoaeao aai iacaeiiiinoue e iaiainiiaaiiinoue.
Iniiaaieai .e eciaiaieth ?aoaiey ia ioeaca a aic-
13 Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea 193
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai’ aeaea iiaeao yaeoueny iae,e/’ea a
iai iai?aaeeueiuo oi?ioee?iaie, iacaneoaeaiii ii-
?i/aueo /anoue, eiy e aeinoieinoai oiii eee eiiai
a?aaeaeaieia. ‘
Iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a iaeioi?uo
neo/ayo i?aaiu i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey .ia aeieaeiu ia?aie/eaaoueny ioea-
cii ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea, ei neaaeoao i?eieiaoue aeaenoaaiiua ia?u e
oiio, /oiau aeaiiui iaoa?eaeii caeioa?aniaaeanue oe‘.
Eae ioaee/ii-i?aaiaay ooieoeey, iaaeci? ca caeii-
iinoueth aeayoaeueiinoe ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia e aeie-
aeiinoiuo eeoe, ?ac?aoathueo ia?ae/iua naaaeaiey i
i?anooieaiee, aiceiaeaiia i?ieo?i?a. Noaouey 116 OIE
?NON? e niioaaonoaothuea noaouee oaieiaii-i?ioeanno-
aeueiuo eiaeaenia ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee.,u).yii oea-
cuaatho, /oi ^.
I?ieo?i? ianao iieioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca oi, /oi-
au ia auei ie iaeiiai _neo /ay iaiainiiaaiiiai aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘eee ioeaca a oaaeiaai. Ii iaycae
no?iai neaaeeoue ca oai, /oiau i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea .ia aeiioneaeinue ia?ooaiey
caeiia, ia i?aaei?eieiaeenue ia?u, i?ioeai?a/auea ca-
eiio, ouaieythuea ‘i?aaa e caeiiiua eioa?anu a?aae-
aeai. I?ieo?i? ai?aaa aeaaaoue neaaeiaaoaeth e i??aiai
aeiciaiey iaycaoaeueiua aeey yeo oeacaiey, o?aaiaaoue io
ieo ethaia aeaei eee iaoa?eae aeey i?iaa?ee, ?anniao-
?eaaoue aeaeiau ia”eo aeaenoaey, ioiaiyoue eee iaiaiyoue
eo ?aoaiey^ A ioiieaaiee iai?aaeeueii aicaoaeaeaiiuo
aeae eee ioeacia ‘a eo aicaoaeaeaiee noaeaaiuie i?aaiaie
ii iiaeao i?eianoe i?ioano ae-auiaanoaooo noae (no. n a.
19, 23 Iieiaeaiey i i?ieo?i?neii iaaeci?a a NNN?).
Niioaaonoaaiii no. 117 Eiinoeoooeee NNN? i?ieo-
?i? naie iaaeci?iua ooieoeee inouanoaeyao ia ia/aeao
iacaaeneiinoe io eaeeo^ee-”'” ee auei ianoiuo i?aa-
iia, iiae/eiyynue oieueei Aaia?aeueiiio I?ieo?i?o
NNN?. Ii aeieaeai i?eioeeieaeueii, ii-ia?oeeiiio ai-
‘ A. E. Eaiei, Ni/., o. 33, no?. 155.
13*
195
?ioueny n ia?ooaieyie caeiia iiae i?aaeeiaii
/oi
I?ioeannoaeueiia iieiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a a ia?aie noa-
aeee i?ioeanna ia iaiyaony a caaeneiinoe io oiai, aic-
aoaeaeaao ee ii oaieiaiia aeaei nai eee aaaeao iaaeci?
ca aicaoaeaeaieai aeaea ae?oaeie eiiiaoaioiuie eeoeaie.
I?ieo?i?-i?aaenoaaeoaeue aunoaai iaaeci?a .ca caeii-
iinoueth aeoia e aeaenoaee o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaiecaoeee, aeie-
aeiinoiuo eeoe e a?aaeaeai. Any aai aeayoaeueiinoue, aai
i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea a ethaie noa?a nioeeaeueiie aeecie,
a oii /enea e a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, ii?aaeaeythony eiai-
ii yoei. Ia i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea i?ieo?i?a caaeneo io
oa?aeoa?a i?eiaiyaiuo ei iaoiaeia, a iaiai?io. Eaee-
ie au ec oeacaiiuo a caeiia iaoiaeia ie iieueciaaeny
i?ieo?i?, a eaeoth au eiie?aoioth i?aaiaoth oi?io ie
auee iaea/aiu aai aeaenoaey, ii ana ?aaii aacaea e anth-
aeo inoaaony i?aaenoaaeoaeai ‘aunoaai iaaeci?a, aethnoe-
oaeai caeiiiinoe. Auianaiea iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioea.36 a oaeia’ii, aea/a
oeacaiee ‘neaaeiaaoaeth e i?aaiai aeiciaiey ii ia?ae/-
iiio iaoa?eaeo i i?anooieaiee, ?anniio?aiea aeaeiau
ia eo aeaenoaey, ioiaia eo iinoaiiaeaiee, ii?ioanoiaa-
iea ii?aaeaeaiey noaea i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
eee iinoaiiaeaiey noaeuee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii e o. ae. –
ana yoe e iiiaea ae?oaea eiie?aoiua oi?iu aeayoaeue-
iinoe i?ieo?i?a yaeythony inouanoaeaieai aaeeiie caaea-
/e, aiceiaeaiiie ia nfinnpiini A.oe iiii’ymnifi NANI ‘,
Inouanoaeyy .iaaeci? ca caeiiiinoueth i ao-a^ioa-a^/-
aoaeaeaiey oai’eeoeee>a-aea^ea,_ i?ieo?i? i?aaeaea anaai iay-
cai neaaeeoue ^ca niaethaeaieai o?aaiaaiey no. 109OI^
?NON? i oii^ /ooeaOeAaeieaeiinoiua eeoea. oii.iiaoiao?’]^
iua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiue-ae^Cae^.aeae^eiae-e iayaeniiy-
e niiauaiey i ethai^’. Aio neaaeoao aeiaeoueny oiai, /oiau i?-
. aaiu ieeeoeee iia?aoeaii ?aaae?iaaee Jja_Jiro6oe__3^B-
eaiea i ia?ooaiee_iauanoaaiiiai ii?yaeea eee i iiaei;
c?eoaeueiii iiaaaeaieeioaeaeueiuo ‘eeoe,eioi?ia aucu-
aaao na?ueaciuaE1?aaeiieiaeaiey7’/oi’ iie niaa?oatho i?a-
nooieaiey eee aioiayony e eo niaa?oaieth. I?aaeeue-
ii i?aaieciaaiiue e oi?ioi iinoaaeaiiue iaaeci? ca
?anniio?aieai iiaeiaiuo neaiaeia aoaeao niinianoai-
aaoue i?ana/aieth i?aaiia?ooaiee, aoaeao iai?aaeai i?i-
oea ii?i/iie i?aeoeee, eiaaea ioaeaeueiua ?aaioieee ie-
eeoeee ianaiaa?aiaiii ?aaae?otho ia ieo, a oa/aiea i?i-
aeieaeeoaeueiiai ia?eiaea.
Ia iaiaa aaaeiie caaea/ae i?ieo?i?a yaeyaony
iaania/aiea iainiiaaiiinoe i?eieiaaiiai_i?_ ia?ae/-
iiio i_aoa?eaeo ?aoaiey e oi/iiainiaethaeaiey i?e
yoii onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii n?ieia~Eiay a aeaeo, /oi
yoe n?iee ieeai i?iaeeaiu “auoue ia iiaoo. Ii aeieaeai
ai?ioueny n oaeoaie-iieaaicae&oi aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea ii cayaeaieyi ,e niiauaieai, ia niaea?aea-
uei eiie?aoiuo aeaiiuo i i?anooiiia aeayiee, aeiaeoue-
ny oiai, /oiau ia?ae/aeue_^aoa?eae iaaeeaaeauei ia?a-
cii i?iaa?yeny. Flo i?e yoii iaaei o?aaiaaoue no?iaiai
niaethaeaiee” ?aiie oaeie i?iaa?ee, ?aoeoaeueii enei-
?aiyoue iiiuoee , i?iaanoe iiae aeaeii i?iaa?ee ia?ae’/’>ioi iaoa?ea-
ea oaeoe/aneia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea.
Ii i?aaiia?ooaieyi, i?aneaaeoaiui a ii?yaeea
/anoiiai iaaeiaiey, i?ieo?i? aeieaeai neaaeeoue ca nia-
ethaeaieai o?i^i?^ooee yyeiia i i?eiyoee noaeueae ia? e-
i?eie?aiaeth iioa?eaaia^?i n eeoeii, ia .eioi?iai iiaeaea
ssNaeeaa4 ‘ ~——–
197
A oao neo/ayo, eiaaea yoe i?aaiia?ooaiey eiatho
iniaue iauanoaaiiue eioa?an eee eiaaea iioa?iaaoee
a neeo oao eee eiuo iauaeoeaiuo i?e/ei ia a ninoiyiee
caueuaoue naie i?aaa e caeiiiua eioa?anu, i?ieo?i-
?o iaaeeaaeeo ouaoaeueii i?iaeoiaoue aii?in i aicaoaeaea-
iee aeaea ii naiaio iaiin?aaenoaaiiiio oniio?aieth, a
ii?yaeea /. 3 no. 27 OIE ?NON?.
Anee ‘ii ia?ae/iui aeaiiui i i?anooieaiee i?iec-
aiaeeony caaea?aeaiea iiaeic?aaaaiiai>, oi iaiaoiaeeii ia-
?aoeoue naiia ouaoaeueiia aieiaiea ia caeiiiinoue e
thainiiaayiinoue i?eiaiaiey yoie ia?u ‘i?eioaeaeaiey.
‘I?ieo?i? aeieaeay eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi caaea?aeaiea aeiio-
noeii oieueei ii iniiaaieyi, i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiui
a no. 32 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa (no. 122
OIE ?NON?). Neaaeoao oaeaea i?iaa?youe, naiaa?a-
iaiii ee niiauatho i?aaiu aeiciaiey i?ieo?i?o i eaae- ,
aeii neo/aa caaea?aeaiey e niaethaeatho ee iie i?aaa ca-
aea?aeaiii.u^Caeii iaycuaaao eo ?acuynieoue iiaeic?aaa-
aiiio aai i?aaa e i?aaeinoaaeoue aio aiciiaeiinoue aeaoue
iauyniaiey ii iiaiaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, iineoaeeaoeo in-‘
eaaaaoeai e caaea?aeaieth, a ?aaii-e” ii iiaiaeo eiuo
ecaanoiuo aio ii aeaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, cayaeyoue oi-
aeaoaenoaa,- i?eiineoue aeaeiau ia aeaenoaey eeoe, i?i-
ecaiaeeaoeo caaea?aeaiea (no. no. 52, 76, 123 OIE
?NON?). ‘.
Ia i?ieo?i?a eaaeeo iaycaiiinoue neaaeeoue ca oai.
/oiau II i?? i eoe.iui_ ie o?? ey aec i,. Q, I? ?A ooeaeae e ssO_.I.?.E-‘”_
HHManJicb-_MOTiiBiip_QBaHHbie, i?aeOe?NNoaeueei_-Ae4caaeeAeueaei
ioi?ieaiiua ?aoaiey. Iaiaoiaeeii enei?aieoue i?aeoe-
eo iai?aaeeueiiai aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae ii i?aai-
ia?ooaieyi, ia i?aaenoaaeythuei iauanoaaiiie iian-
iinoe .eee niaa?oaiiui oaeeie eeoeaie, e eioi?ui iao
ieeaeie iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?eiaiyoue oaieiaioth ?ai?an-
neth, a aiieia aeinoaoi/ii ia?aie/eoueny ia?aie iauano-
aaiiiai, aaeieieno?aoeaiiai eee aeenoeeieeia?iiai aic-
aeaenoaey. Iaaei ecaeeoue iieiinoueth e neo/ae yai-ainei-
aaiiiai e iacaeiiiiai ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaii-
ai aeaea ii ?acee/iui .iaaeoiaiiui iioeaai, eiaaea i?a-
nooiiee iaecaanoai e onoaiiaeaiea aai i?aaenoaaeyao
ii?aaeaeaiiua o?oaeiinoe.
Caeii oeacuaaao, /oi
?NON?).
Iaia?oaeea, /oi iinoaiiaeaiea ia ioeaca a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ia iioeae?iaaii eee niaea?-
aeeo oeacaiey, iacaneoaeaiii ii?i/auea oi eee eiia
eeoei, i?ieo?i? aeieaeai i?eiyoue ia?u e ono?aiaieth
yoeo ‘iaaeinoaoeia.
Iaiaoiaeeii oaeaeyoue iniaia aieiaiea i?iaa?ea
i?aaeeueiinoe iniiaaiey e ioeaco a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi a yoii ioii-
oaiee ia?aaeei aeiioneathony ioeaee. Aianoi oiai /oi-
au oeacaoue ia ionoonoaee niauoey .i?anooieaiey, a ii-
noaiiaeaiee nnueathony ia ionoonoaea ninoaaa i?anooi-
eaiey eee iaiai?io. Ioeacuaaaony a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ec-ca aeoa aiienoee eee
oiaaea eae oaeoe/anee iao i?anooiiiai aeayiey e o. ae.
Aneaaenoaea yoiai a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo ouaieythony ei-
oa?anu iaeioi?uo a?aaeaeai, cao?oaeiyaony ?aoaiea
aii?ina i aiciauaiee i?e/eiaiiiai iaoa?eaeueiiai
oua?aa. Iiyoiio i?ieo?i?o iaiaoiaeeii ?aoeoaeueii
enei?aiyoue iiaeiaiua ioeeiiaiey io o?aaiaaiee caeiia,
aeiaeoueny oiai, /oiau eaaeaeia ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ia ioeaca a oaeiaii oi/ii niio-
aaonoaiaaei ii?iai iaoa?eaeueiiai e i?ioeannoaeueiiai
i?aaa.^A neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe ii ai?aaa naiei iioe-
ae?iaaiiui iinoaiiaeaieai eciaieoue iniiaaiea e io-
eaco a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee eneeth/eoue ec
iinoaiiaeaiey i?aaiia neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey oa eee
eiua ooaa?aeaeaiey. Anee ?a/ue eaeao i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ec-
iaieoue iinoaiiaeaiea noaeuee eee ii?aaeaeaiea noaea, oi
i?ieo?i? i?eiineo niioaaonoaothuee ‘i?ioano a auoa-
noiyuee noae.
I?ieo?i?o iaaeeaaeeo neaaeeoue oaeaea ca oai, /oiau
a iinoaiiaeaieyo ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea ia niaea?aeaeanue ?aoaiee, i?ioeai?a/aueo caeiio.
199
I?aeoeea ciaao neo/ae, eiaaea a yoe iinoaiiaeaiey
aeeth/athony oaeea i?aaiia neaaenoaey e aei-
ciaiey, eae
o. i. Iaaeaeo oai yoi iacaeiiii, e caaea/a i?ieo?i-
?a ninoieo .a oii, /oiau i?ana/ue iiaeiaioth i?aeoe-
eo, aianoe , niioaaonoaothuea eciaiaiey a oaeea ii-
noa,iiaeaiey e iio?aaiaaoue i?eiyoey ?aoaiee a ?ai-
eao caeiia.
*oiau iiaeii auei aanoe yooaeoeaiue iaaeci? ca
caeiiiinoueth a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, i?i-
eo?i? aeieaeai aeiaeoueny oiai, /oiau i?aaiu neaaenoaey
e aeiciaiey i i?eiyouo ii ia?ae/iui iaoa?eaeai ?aoa-
ieyo iaiaaeeaiii niiauaee aio. ssaeyaony niaa?oaiii
iai?aaeeueiie i?aeoeea, eiaaea iaeioi?ua i?ieo?i?u ia
i?eaeatho cia/aiey oaeoai ianaiaa?aiaiiiai niiauaiey
i?aaiai neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey ia iaia?oaeaiiii i?a- .
nooieaiee e ia/aoii neaaenoaee eee aeiciaiee, i?iaa-
?ytho caeiiiinoue e iainiiaaiiinoue ?aoaiey aii?i-
na i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea nionoy i?iaeieaee-
oaeueiia a?aiy iinea i?eiyoey oaeiai ?aoaiey. Yoi ii-
aeao i?eaanoe e ia?ooaieyi nioeeaeenoe/aneie ca-
eiiiinoe, e ouaieaieth i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania
a?aaeaeai.
I?ieo?i?, aoaeo/e naiaa?aiaiii oaaaeiieaiiui i ia?-
ae/iuo aeaiiuo ii i?anooiiiio^ oaeoo, oaea a-ooa?’aiia-
/aeueiie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioea&na aeieaeai a iaiaoi-
aeeiuo neo/ayo iaania/eoue’i?aaeeueiia acaeiiaeaenoaea
neaaeiaaoaey e iia?aoeaiuo ?aaioieeia ieeeoeee, oia-
ei ni/aoaoue eiathueany oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua n iia?a-
oeaii-?icuneiuie naaaeaieyie, naiaa?aiaiii i?eiyoue
ia?u e i?aaeioa?auaieth eee i?ana/aieth i?anooieaiey,
e cae?aieaieth aai neaaeia. I?e yoii iaaei ?aoeoaeueii
ai?ioueny ni anyeei i?iyaeaieai iiiuoie ?anniao?e-
aaoue i?iaaaeaiea ii .ii?o/aieth neaaeiaaoaey iia?aoeaii-
?icuneiuo ia?ii?eyoee eae
ia eae auiieiaiea i?aaiaie aeiciaiey iaycaiiinoae,
aiceiaeaiiuo ia ieo iaiin?aaenoaaiii caeiiii. Aaaeii-
noaaiiua ?acee/ey, eioi?ua nouanoaotho iaaeaeo neaae-
noaaiiui aiia?aoii e i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, ieeiei ia-
?acii ia aeieaeiu i?aiyonoaiaaoue iaia?oaeaieth e ?an-
e?uoeth i?anooiiiai aeayiey. Iie, iai?ioea, i?e oiaeii ;
200
ni/aoaiee iaania/eaatho aieaa oniaoioth ‘ai?ueao n i?a-
nooiiinoueth, eniieueciaaiea a oiaea yoie ai?ueau ?acee/-
iuo iaoiaeia e n?aaenoa.
Neaaeoao oaeaeyoue iniaia aieiaiea niaethaeaieth i?a-
aee iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe, eai yoio aii?in anoaao oaea
iaiin?aaenoaaiii i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea. I?ieo?i?ai iaiaoiaeeii ?aoeoaeueii
ioeacaoueny io aac?acee/iiai ioiioaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth
i?aaiaie aeiciaiey iaiiaeneaaenoaaiiuo ei oaieiaiuo
aeae a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea yoi ia aucuaaaony iaiaoiaee-
iinoueth i?eiyoue iaioeiaeiua neaaenoaaiiua ia?ii?ey-
oey aei anooieaiey a aeaei neaaeiaaoaey. Eia/a inoaaony
oa?ica aic?iaeaeaiey noa?ie i?aeoeee, i?e eioi?ie ca-
/anooth noe?aeanue anyeay a?aiue iaaeaeo neaaenoaeai e
aeiciaieai.
Anee aicaoaeaeaaiia aeaei yaeyaony neiaeiui e aai
?anneaaeiaaiea iiaeao iio?aaiaaoue aieueoie ?aaiou,
i?ieo?i? aeieaeai ianoaeeoue aii?in i aiciiaeiinoe ii-
?o/eoue aaaeaiea neaaenoaey ii aeaeo iaeiia?aiaiii ia-
neieueeei neaaeiaaoaeyi. I?e yoii i/aiue aaaeii i?a-
aeeueii ii?aaeaeeoue, eoi ec yoeo neaaeiaaoaeae aeieaeai
i?eiyoue aeaei e naiaio i?iecaiaenoao e ?oeiaiaeeoue aeae-
noaeyie inoaeueiuo. Oaea/iia ?aoaiea yoiai aii?ina,
i?eiyoia n o/aoii aeaeiauo -ea/anoa e iaeeiiiinoae nea-
aeiaaoaey e niaoeeoeee aeaea, a ?yaea neo/aaa yaeyaony
caeiaii oniaoa a ?ane?uoee i?anooieaiey e eciaee-
/aiee aeiiaiuo, a iaania/aiee aunieiai ea/anoaa neaae-
noaey . ii aeaeo.
Eiaao i?eioeeieaeueiia cia/aiea iaania/aiea oaea
a ia?aie noaaeee i?ioeanna onoaiiaeaiey .iaaeeaaeaueo
naycae n oe?ieie niaaoneie iauanoaaiiinoueth. I?ieo-
?i? aeieaeai neaaeeoue ca i?aaeeueiinoueth, naiaa?aiai-
iinoueth e ?acoiiinoueth yoeo ia?. A /anoiinoe, ii ianao
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca oi, /oiau iauanoaaiiinoue auea i?a-
aeeueii eioi?ie?iaaia i oa?aeoa?a i?aaiia?ooaiey e
i ee/iinoe aeiiaiiai. Neaaeoao i?eciaoue ii?i/iie i?ae-
oeeo, eiaaea ioaeaeueiua ?aaioieee i?aaiia neaaenoaey e
aeici-aiey noaayo ia ianoaeaeaiea eieeaeoeaa o?oaeyueo-
ny iai?iaa?aiiua oaeou. Yoi iiaeao i?eaanoe e na?ueac-
iui ioeaeai, e oiio, /oi iauanoaaiiinoue, ia eiay
aeinoaoi/ii iieiuo aeaiiuo, i?eiao ?aoaiea, ia ioaa-
/athuaa eioa?anai ^oneeaiey ai?ueau n ia?ooaieyie ni-
aaoneiai caeiia. ,
201.
I?ieo?i?o iaiaoiaeeii ai?ioueny e i?ioea aeaenoaee
oao neaaeiaaoaeae e ?aaioieeia i?aaiia aeiciaiey, eioi-
?ua, n/eoay aiciiaeiui ia?aaeaoue aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee,
ia oieueei i?iyaeytho eieoeeaoeao a .i?aaiecaoeee niio-
aaonoaothuei eieeaeoeaii o?oaeyueony ianoaeaeaiey yoi-
ai aii?ina, ii e no?aiyony iaaycaoue eieeaeoeao naia
iiaiea. A ?acoeueoaoa oaeeo .iai?aaeeueiuo aeaenoaee a
f ?yaea neo/aaa ouaieythony i?aaa iauanoaaiiinoe, en-
eaaeaaony aiey eieeaeoeaa o?oaeyueony, /oi aaaeao e
na?ueaciui ioeaeai e eca?auaieyi.
Anee eiaaony aeia?iaieueiia oiaeaoaenoai iauano-
aaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeaeoeaa o?oaeyueony i ia-
?aaea/a ei aeiiaiiai .ia ii?oee aeey ia?aainieoaiey e
eni?aaeaiey, i?ieo?i? aeieaeai aaeoi/eai ianoaeeoue, eia-
thony ee ana i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii oneiaey aeey aai
? oaeiaeaoai?aiey. I?e yoii iaeeiaeiai iaaa?iu eae ia-
‘” iainiiaaiiue, ioeac a oaeiaeaoai?aiee i?inueau eie-
eaeoeaa o?oaeyueony (iauanoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee) i ia-
?aaea/a aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee, oae e iiniaoiia aa oaeia-
eaoai?aiea, eiaaea i?anooieaiea aua ia ?ane?uoi, aeia
i?aaiia?ooeoaey ia aeieacaia, ii ia i?eciae naiae
aeiu e /enoina?aea/ii ia ?aneayeny eee eiaaea eiaaony
i?anooieaiea ceinoiia, ‘i?aaenoaaeythuaa aieueooth ia- ‘
uanoaaiioth iianiinoue.
Anee i?aaiu neaaenoaey e aeiciaiey, n niaeaney i?i-
eo?i?a, ii ia?ae/iiio iaoa?eaeo iieiaeeoaeueii ?aoe-
ee aii?in i ia?aaea/a aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee, oi i?ieo?i?
aeieaeai iicaaioeoueny i oii, /oiau ?aaoey?ii i?iaa?y-
einue iiaaaeaiea eeoea, ia?aaeaiiiai ia ii?oee aeey ia?a-
ainieoaiey e eni?aaeaiey. A oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iiaa-
. aeaiea yoiai eeoea yaii ia niioaaonoaoao i?aaeeai ni-
.oeeaeenoe/aneiai iauaaeeoey ‘e anoue ana iniiaaiey n/e-
oaoue, /oi aeiiaiue ia eni?aaeyaony e iiaeao i?iaeie-
aeeoue naith i?anooiioth aeayoaeueiinoue, i?ieo?i?o iaaei
iinoaaeoue ii iaiae eieoeeaoeaa ia?aae niioaaonoaoth-
uei eieeaeoeaii aii?in i oii, ‘ia neaaeoao ee ioeacaoue-
ny io ii?o/eoaeuenoaa e a ii?yaeea no. 9 OI1.
Noaeu ‘ia?aaeei ia?auatho aieiaiea oaeaea ia oaeou
204 . 01
ia?ooaiey onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii n?ieia i?e ?ac?aoa-
iee cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo, ia ia-
i?aaiia?iinoue aeii?inia, iauneia, nuaiie e iaeioi?uo
ae?oaeo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee, ‘eiathueo ianoi a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oioy yoio noaeaaiue iaaeci? nouanoaaiii ioee/aao-
ny io i?ieo?i?neiai iaaeci?a, ii iie iaa a eiia/iii
n/aoa neoaeao iaeiie iauae caaea/a-caaea/a oe?aieaiey
nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe, oneeaiey aa?aioee i?aa
.e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe a niaaoneii iauanoaa.
IAEAAEAIEA
Aaaaeaiea… . . …………..
Aeaaa!
Nouiinoue e cia/aiea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna
11. Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea eae einoeooo niaaoneiai
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa. ……….
2. Aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea eae noaaeey niaaoneiai oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna …………….
3. Aeo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea e aai i?ioeannoaeueiua
iineaaenoaey ………………
Aeaaa II
I?aaiu, oneiaey e ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea
1. I?aaiu, oiieiiii/aiiua aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiua aeaea, e
eo eiiiaoaioeey …………… , .
e. Iiaiaeu e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. …_.,…,. . . .
3. Iniiaaiea aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea .,,,”.” …
4, Ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea eee ioeaca a oa-
. iiaii ………………..
5. Iaaeci? ca caeiiiinoueth a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai^
aeaea'” ‘:’ “.”.’ ‘. ..-;””.”. !’.”‘. …. “‘-‘””
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