Ia?oaiueyiia A.N. 1994 – Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai, O.1
Niaea?aeaiea
I?aaeeneiaea
Oeacaoaeue nie?auaiee
Oaia I. Iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 1
1. I?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 1
2. I?eioeeiu oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 6
3. Iaoiae oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 9
4. Ioa?aie/aiea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa io niaaeiuo io?aneae 12
5. Iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 18
6. Nenoaia eo?na oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 23
Oaia II. Enoi/ieee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee 25
1. Iiiyoea enoi/ieea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Aeaeu aeoia,
niaea?aeaueo ii?iu oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 25
2. I?iaeaiu nenoaiaoecaoeee oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa 32
Oaia III. Oicyenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea 34
1. Iiiyoea e aeaeu oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee 34
2. Aaniethoiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey 40
3. Aaniethoii-ioiineoaeueiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey 41
4. Aaniethoiua i?aaiioiioaiey ii iiaiaeo aaaeaiey nianoaaiiie
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe 42
5. Ioiineoaeueiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey 43
6. Iaeiouanoaaiiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey 51
Oaia IV Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 53
1. Iauoea iieiaeaiey 53
2. A?aaeaeaia eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 57
3. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 59
4. Iauea iieiaeaiey i i?aaei?eyoeyo eae noauaeoao
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 70
5. Ioaeaeueiua aeaeu i?aaei?eyoee 79
6. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea aaieia 92
7. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea ae?ae 100
8. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oiiaeia, aaaeoueo oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue. Eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee, oiiaeu e oieaeeiae 108
9. Ainoaea?noai (?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey) e ?anioaeeee, aoiaeyuea
a iaa, eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 113
10. Aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey e?aaa, iaeanoae,
ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa eae noauaeou
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 119
11. Aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey ai?iaeia
e ?aeiiia eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 123
12. O?oaeiaua eieeaeoeau i?aaei?eyoee eae noauaeou
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 126
13. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea e?anoueyineeo (oa?ia?neeo) oicyenoa 129
14. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee 131
Oaia V. I?aai ia eiouanoai noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe 136
1. I?aai nianoaaiiinoe eae iniiaa oicyenoaiaaiey 136
2. I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey 137
3. I?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii 139
4. I?aai iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey eiouanoaii 140
5. I?aai a?aiaeaoi?a eae aauiia oicyenoaaiiia i?aai 141
6. I?aai iiaeeciaiiiai ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey caiaeueiui o/anoeii 143
7. I?aai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii 145
8. I?aaiaie ?aaeei ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia eiouanoaa oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia 145
9. Iaaauanoaaiiue ninoaa eiouanoaa. O?aaiaaiey e aeieae 153
Oaia VI. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea e i?eaaoecaoeey eae i?aaeiinueee
nicaeaiey iaiaoiaeeiuo ?uii/iuo no?oeoo? 155
1. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee 155
2. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee 158
3. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee. Ianoiua
i?ia?aiiu. Ieaiu i?eaaoecaoeee 163
4. I?eaaoecaoeey i?aaei?eyoee ia iniiaa eoiee-i?iaeaaee ii eiieo?no 168
5. I?eaaoecaoeey i?aaei?eyoee ia iniiaa aoeoeeiia 172
6. I?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa i?aia?aciaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo e
ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a ioe?uoua aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa 174
7. I?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa a?aiaeu i?aaei?eyoee e eo aueoia 179
8. ?aaeecaoeey i?eaaoecaoeeiiuo /aeia e ii?yaeie i?iaeaaee aeoeee.
?ieue /aeiauo aoeoeeiiia e niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo /aeiauo oiiaeia 180
Oaia VII. Ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea yeiiiieee
a oneiaeyo ?uiea 189
1. Ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ia yeiiiieeo a oneiaeyo ?uiea:
iniiaaiey e i?aaeaeu 189
2. Eeanneoeeaoeey aeaeia ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia yeiiiieeo 191
3. I?aaiaua oi?iu ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue 195
4. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea aicaeaenoaey i?aaiia ianoiiai
naiioi?aaeaiey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue 203
5. I?aaiaua eino?oiaiou ainoaea?noaaiiiai ii?ie?iaaiey
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe 206
6. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea iiaeaea?aeaiey eiieo?aioeee ia ?uiea e
ia?aie/aiea iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe 208
7. ?ieue ainoaea?noaa i?e ?anniio?aiee aeae i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoee (aaie?ionoaa) 213
Oaia VIII. Caeiiiinoue e ainoaea?noaaiiay i?aaiecaoeey
i?aaiaie ?aaiou a yeiiiieea 217
1. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea caeiiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo .217
2. O?aaiaaiey e caeiiiinoe a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo 220
3. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?aaiecaoeey i?aaiaie ?aaiou a yeiiiieea 225
Oaia IX. N?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa 235
1. Iauea iieiaeaiey i n?ieao a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo 235
2. I?aaiecaoeeiiiua n?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa 237
3. N?iee inouanoaeaiey i?aa e eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae 239
4. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea aeey oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa
aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia, n?ieia aiaeiinoe e neoaeau 240
5. I?aoaiceiiiua n?iee 243
6. N?iee eneiaie aeaaiinoe 244
Oaia O. Naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo 248
1. Iiiyoea naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo 248
2. Aeaeu naieoeee 251
3. Aeaeu ioaaonoaaiiinoe 253
4. Iniiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe 259
5. ?aaeecaoeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe 265
Oaia XI. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?anniio?aiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia 269
1 . Nouiinoue oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia a oneiaeyo ?uiea 269
2. Nenoaia aeoia, ?aaoee?othueo ?anniio?aiea oicyenoaaiiuo
nii?ia, eo ianoi a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa 271
3. Ii?yaeie o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia ia iniiaa i?aaeuyaeaiey
i?aoaicee 272
4. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii 275
5. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ii?yaeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia
a iaaeaeoia?iaeiii eiiia?/aneii a?aeo?aaea 277
6. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ii?yaeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia o?aoaeneei noaeii 279
7. Ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia 281
I?ia?aiia o/aaiiai eo?na “Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai” 283
Aeoaaeoii-i?aaeiaoiue oeacaoaeue 295
Oeacaoaeue nie?auaiee
AIE – A?aeo?aaeiue i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
AeA – aacaoa
AIA – Atheeaoaiue ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia
ieienoa?noa e aaaeiinoa (NNN?, ?NON?, ?O)
AAN (NNN?, – Aaaeiiinoe Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa, Aaaeiiinoe
?NON?, ?O) Nuacaea ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia
e Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ( NNN?, ?NON?, ?O)
AAAN – Aanoiee Aunoaai A?aeo?aaeiiai Noaea
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
AE – A?aaeaeaineee eiaeaen ?NON?
?A –
NAII – Nia?aiea aeoia I?aceaeaioa e I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
NI (NNN?, – Nia?aiea iinoaiiaeaiee e ?anii?yaeaiee
?NON?, ?O) I?aaeoaeuenoaa (NNN?, ?NON?, ?O)
OA –
OeI – aeo?iae
YeAE – aacaoa
Oaia 1. Iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. I?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai eae io?aneue i?aaa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
niaieoiiinoue ii?i, ?aaoee?othueo i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneea ioiioa-
iey e oanii naycaiiua n ieie eiua, a oii /enea iaeiiia?/aneea
ioiioaiey, a oaeaea ioiioaiey ii ainoaea?noaaiiiio ?aaoee?iaa-
ieth yeiiiieee a oeaeyo iaania/aiey eioa?ania ainoaea?noaa e ia-
uanoaa.
A oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ii
i?iecaiaenoao oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) n oeaeueth ecaea/aiey i?eauee
i?ioanneiiaeueii aaaeoo i?aaei?eieiaoaee e i?aaei?eyoey, e?anoueyi-
neea (oa?ia?neea) oicyenoaa, aaiee, ae?aee, eiua noauaeou, i?a-
neaaeothuea oaeoth oeaeue. Oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue inouanoaeyaony
ia oieueei a oiaea i?iecaiaenoaa oiaa?ia. Aeey oiai, /oiau aai ia/aoue,
iaiaoiaeeii i?eia?anoe eee iino?ieoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiia iiiauaiea,
caeoieoue iai?oaeiaaiea, nu?uea, oiieeai.
A ?acoeueoaoa caaa?oaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oeeeea aicieeatho
ioiioaiey ii ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia, eo aeinoaaea, o?aiaieth e o.i.
Oicyenoaaiiue iai?io oaeaea iaiouaieaiay /anoue i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe. Ana yoe ioiioaiey yaeythony oeaio?aeue-
iuie, aoiaeyueie a ia?aoth a?oiio a i?aaeiaoa oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa.
Aianoa n oai, i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneea ioiioaiey oanii naycaiu
n ae?oaeie, ia eiathueie iaiin?aaenoaaiii oeaee ecaea/aiey i?e-
auee. A /anoiinoe, oaeie yaeyaony any oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-eiouanoaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a ii nicaeaieth e i?ae?a-
uaieth i?aaei?eyoee, oi?aaeaieth nianoaaiiinoueth. A oaeoth aeay-
oaeueiinoue aeeth/aaony ia aaca nianoaaiiiai eiouanoaa ainoaea?noai,
i?aaiecothuaa naie i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiaaeeaathuaa aeey ieo ii?a-
aeaeaiiue ?aaeei oicyenoaiaaiey. A ea/anoaa nianoaaiieeia naiaai
eiouanoaa aeaenoaotho ?anioaeeee, aoiaeyuea a ?inneeneoth Oaaea-
?aoeeth. A oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe yoeo noauaeoia i?aiaeaaeatho
yeaiaiou i?aaiecaoeeiiiiai ieaia. Aianoa n oai ei i?enoua e
iaiin?aaenoaaiiia aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, onoaiia-
eaiea aeiaiai?iuo ioiioaiee n ae?oaeie noauaeoaie oicyenoaiaa-
iey.
O/anoaotho a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo e ?aaeiiu (iaeanoe,
e?ay, ai?iaea, ?aeiiu ai aeaaa n ianoiie aaeieieno?aoeeae), oi?aa-
eythuea nianoaaiiinoueth e i?aaiecothuea aeayoaeueiinoue niioaaonoao-
!!2
thuaai oicyenoaa. Oaeay oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue iineo iaeii-
ia?/aneee oa?aeoa?, ii ii nayce n i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaii ioaaou-
aaaony oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaui ?aaoee?iaaieai.
Iaeiiia?/aneee oa?aeoa? iiaeao iineoue e aaaeaiea oicyenoaa aac
oeaee ecaea/aiey i?eauee. Oaeei ia?acii aeaenoaotho, a /anoiinoe,
oiiaeiaua e eiiaaea oiaa?iua ae?aee. Oioy oaeay aeayoaeueiinoue in
i?aneaaeoao iaiin?aaenoaaiii oeaee iieo/aiey i?eauee, ii iia nii-
nianoaoao i?eaueueiinoe o/?aaeeoaeae, iieuecothueony oneoaaie aeai-
iuo i?aaei?eyoee, ?inoo noieiinoe aeoeee ae?ae, ia?aueaathueo
naie i?iecaiaenoaaiiue iioaioeeae.
Iaeiiia?/aneee oa?aeoa? iineo aeayoaeueiinoue athaeaeaoiuo o/-
?aaeaeaiee, iio?aaeoaeueneeo iauanoa, aeaaioai?eoaeueiuo oiiaeia e
ae?oaeo i?aaiecaoeee, anooiathueo a oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey
aeey ?aoaiey naieo onoaaiuo caaea/. Yoe ioiioaiey oanii naycaiu
n i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoueth, ii oi?ia inouanoaeaiey ia
ioee/athony io aa ?aaeecaoeee e iiyoiio ioaaouaathony oicyenoaai-
iui i?aaii. Iie i?aaenoaaeytho aoi?oth a?oiio ioiioaiee oicye-
noaaiiiai i?aaa.
Iaeiiaoe, ainoaea?noai, ?aaeecoy ioaee/iua eioa?anu iauan-
oaa, aicaeaenoaoao ia noauaeoia, inouanoaeythueo oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue, ?aaoee?oao e eiio?iee?oao aa. Yoe ioiioaiey
ninoaaeytho o?aoueth a?oiio ec ninoaaa i?aaeiaoa oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa.
Ana o?e a?oiiu ioiioaiee ninoaaeytho ii?aaeaeaiiia aaeeinoai,
eioi?ia au?aaeaao iiiainoi?iiiyy aeayoaeueiinoue oiaa?ii?iecaiaee-
oaeae, iaoeaeaiiuo i?ioanneiiaeueii ia ?aaioo aeey ?uiea, inouan-
oaeyaioth i?e aai ainoaea?noaaiiii ?aaoee?iaaiee. A neeo yoiai a
i?ioeanna i?aaiecaoeee e inouanoaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaa e ia iineaaeo-
thueo noaaeeyo iaiaia e i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey i?eiaiyaony
oicyenoaaiiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai eae iniaay io?aneue i?aaa, i?aaeia-
cia/aiiay eiaiii aeey yoeo i?ioeannia.
2. ?aaoee?oaiay ?uii/iay yeiiiieea nouanoaaiii eciaieea
i?aaenoaaeaiea i oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo e niioaaonoaaiii i
i?aaeiaoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Ai-ia?auo, oicyenoaaiiia i?aai
aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiie nenoaiu ianeoaeeaaaii oieueei ieaiiai-
oic?an/aoiua ioiioaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo caaiueaa e iiae?acaeaeaiee,
eieoicia, eiiia?aoeaia, eiuo i?aaiecaoeee, iniiaaiiuo ia nouan-
oaiaaaoeo ?aiaa oi?iao nianoaaiiinoe. Ai-aoi?uo, i?aia?aciaaiea
oi?i nianoaaiiinoe, ooaa?aeaeaiea eo iiiaiia?acey, i?iecaiaenoaai-
iia eniieueciaaiea nianoaaiiinoe a?aaeaeai, ?anoe?aiea aiciiaeiin-
oae aeey aaaeaiey oicyenoaa a oi?ia iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee, o?oaeiauo
e e?anoueyineeo oicyenoa, ?acaeoea /anoiie i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe a ea/anoaa i?ioanneiiaeueiiai caiyoey eciaieee iauai,
oa?aeoa? e niaea?aeaiea oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. A-o?aoueeo, ?aiaa
!!3
aeey i?aaei?eyoee, iniiaaiiuo ia ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe,
oicyenoai no?ieeinue ia aaca oic?an/aoa eae iniaiai niiniaa aaaeaiey
oicyenoaa ia nianoaaiieeaie. Oic?an/ao i?eiaiyeny aeey oie iniaie
neooaoeee, eiaaea aee?aeoeaiia ieaie?iaaiea i?aaei?eyoeyi auei ana-
iauei e aai iaiaoiaeeii auei ni/aoaoue n caaeaiiui o?iaiai ?aioa-
aaeueiinoe. A oneiaeyo ?uiea anaiauaiethuee ieaiiaue yeaiaio
oo?aoee naia cia/aiea. Ii nio?aiyaony a ioaeaeueiuo neooaoeeyo,
eiaaea auiieiythony iaycaoaeueiua caaeaiey aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae,
aeey ioaeae ?aaeiiia. Ii e a yoeo neo/ayo caaeaiey nouanoaaiii
eciaieeenue. Iie
ia ia iniiaa aieie aee?aeoeaiinoe, a n iaania/aieai aae?anaoia
caaeaiee niioaaonoaothueie oeiainiauie ?ano?naie, eeai n iieaoie
caaeaiiiai ii ?uii/iui oeaiai (*1). A niioaaonoaee n yoei oic?an/ao
eae iaoiae oicyenoaiaaiey a iniiaiii oo?aoee naia cia/aiea. Ii
nio?aiyaony a iniiaiii eeoue ai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo,
aaea i?aaei?eyoey onoaiaaeeaatho caaeaiey naiei iiae?acaeaeaieyi e
o?aaotho eo ?aoeeiiaeueiiai auiieiaiey.
3. A iiauo oneiaeyo i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey yeaiaioii, ii?a-
aeaeythuei i?eiaaeeaaeiinoue i?aaiioiioaiee e oicyenoaaiiui, ya-
eyaony i?ioanneiiaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue ii i?iecaiaenoao oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa) aeey ?uiea. Eiaiii a neeo oiai, /oi ethaie noauaeo
ia aaca i?eiaaeeaaeauaai aio eiouanoaa anooiaao a i?iecaiaenoaai-
ioth aeayoaeueiinoue, ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee a oiaea aa aaaeaiey
ioaaouaaaony oicyenoaaiiui i?aaii. Niaoeeoeea aeaiiuo ioiioaiee
ii i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, eaaeoeiecaoeee i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe n iiiiuueth ?aaeno?aoeee, ioi?ieaieth aa a oi?ia
i?aaei?eyoee, aaaeaieth io/aoiinoe, iaeiaiaiio iaeiaeaieth, onoa-
iiaeaieth ii?yaeea e i?aaee auoiaea ia ?uiie n oiaa?aie, ?aaioaie
e oneoaaie, acaeiiaeaenoaeth n ae?oaeie i?aaei?eyoeyie e i?aaieca-
oeeyie ii?aaeaeyao iaiaoiaeeiinoue aaeeiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey. Anee, nea-
aeai, ?aiaa aunooieaiea a?aaeaeai ia ?uiea iineei neo/aeiue aeey
iaoae yeiiiieee oa?aeoa? e iiaei ioaaouaaoueny ii?iaie a?aae-
aeaineiai e aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa, oi a ?uii/iie yeiiiieea ana
yoe i?ioeannu aeieaeiu ?acaeaaoueny a aaeeiii eeth/a, ii aaeeiui
ii?iai, ioaaouaathuei ana noi?iiu aeayoaeueiinoe oiaa?ii?iecai-
aeeoaeae. Iaania/eoue oaeia aaeeinoai ?aaoee?iaaiey a ninoiyiee
oieueei io?aneue oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, eiathuay eino?oiaioa?ee
aicaeaenoaey eae ia i?iecaiaenoai, oae e ia ana eiua naycaiiua n
iei i?ioeannu.
(**1) Ni.. iai?eia?: no. 2-4 Caeiia ?O oa?aeoa?a
ia aeieacuaatho oiai, /oi yoi ?acii?iaeiua ioiioaiey. Ana iie iau-
aaeeiaiu yeiiiie/aneei niaea?aeaieai ioiioaiee, iineieueeo aic-
ieeatho e ?acaeaathony ii iiaiaeo ?aaeecaoeee i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe, i?e ainoaea?noaaiiii aicaeaenoaee ia oicyenoaaiiue
iai?io. E a aa?oeeaeueiie, e a ai?eciioaeueiie /anoe – yoi aaeeiue
oicyenoaaiiue iai?io, oi anoue noiia anao naycae, neeaaeuaathueony
aaini?iecaiaenoaaiiuoi?ioeannao. A?aaeaeaineiai?aainaycaiioieueei
n i?ioeannii oiaa?iiai iaiaia, e, ii iaoaio iiaieth, ianeoaeeaaao
oieueei iio?aaeoaeueneee iai?io. Iii ia eiaao iaaeeaaeauaai eino-
?oiaioa?ey aeey ?aaoee?iaaiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee,
acaeiiaeaenoaey iae?io?iaiy iaaeaeo ?anioaeeeaie, ?aaeiiaie e
caaiueyie, oi?ie?iaaiey naaanoieiinoe e ?acoeueoaoia oicyenoaiaa-
iey, aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa. Aaeieieno?aoeaiia aea i?aai
eiaao a yeiiiie/aneii oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa aua iaiueoa aiciiae-
iinoae, oae eae ?aaoee?oao ioiioaiey eniieieoaeueii-?anii?yaee-
oaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a, /oi noieo aeinoaoi/ii aeaeaei io ioiioaiee ii
?oeiaiaenoao oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth. Eeoue oicyenoaaiiia i?a-
ai, ia ia?aie/aiiia oceeie ai?eciioaie aeayoaeueiinoe th?eaee/aneeo
eeoe eee i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey (aaeieieno?aoeee), iiaeao a iieiie ia?a
ioaaoeoue ?aaeueiua nouiinoiua nayce anao noauaeoia ii aa?oeeaee
e ai?eciioaee.
!!6
2. I?eioeeiu oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Iniiaiiieaaathuea ia/aea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, aai i?eioee-
iu i?iiecuaatho aanue iannea i?aaiauo ii?i, iaania/eaatho oeaea-
iai?aaeaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe ia anao
o?iaiyo, a ?anioaeeeao, ?aaeiiao, caaiueyo e iiae?acaeaeaieyo ia?i-
aeiiai oicyenoaa.
2. I?eioeei yeiiiie/aneie naiaiaeu, caueou yeiiiie/aneeo
eioa?ania oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia e iiiu?aiey i?aaei?eei/e-
ainoe a oicyenoaiaaiee. Yeiiiieea no?aiu, noeniooay aeanoeeie
?aieaie aee?aeoeaiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa anaie i?ioeannaie aaaeaiey oi-
cyenoaa, ono?aiyea iiaeeeiiua noeioeu e yooaeoeaiie ?aaioa. Io-
/oaeaeaiea ?aaioieea io n?aaenoa i?iecaiaenoaa eae ?acoeueoao i?enai-
aiey ath?ie?aoeae yeiiiie/aneie e iieeoe/aneie aeanoe a no?aia.
?aceia nieaeaiea nioeeaeueiie aeoeaiinoe ?aai/eo, e?anoueyi e oai?-
/aneie eioaeeeaaioeee. Iiyoiio a ia?ano?ieea oicyenoaaiiiai ia-
oaiecia i?e ia?aoiaea e ?uieo iaiaoiaeeii aic?iaeeoue noeioeu e
aunieii?iecaiaeeoaeueiiio, aunieiai ea/anoaa o?oaeo, iaoeaeaiiiio
ia oaeiaeaoai?aiea iiaeeeiiuo iio?aaiinoae iauanoaa. Caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoai ?aaoee?oaiiai ?uiea auaeaeioei e i?iaiaeeo eaeath nicaeaiey
iaeneiaeueiie naiaiaeu aeey oaeiai o?oaea. A ea/anoaa i?eioeeia ?aaiou
anao noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe noi?ioee?iaaia caaea/a
ia iaaycuaaoue ieeiio ?aoaiee nauoa eee ecaia, e?iia ieieioia
i?aaee oicyenoaiaaiey, onoaiaaeeaathueo yeiiiie/aneeie ia?aie
caeioa?aniaaiiinoue a ?acaeoee i?iecaiaenoaa, oeo/oaiee ea/anoaa
oiaa?ia, ?aaiou e oneoa.
Caueoa yeiiiie/aneeo eioa?ania noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey e
iiiu?aiea i?aaei?eei/eainoe iaoiaeeo au?aaeaiea a nenoaia ia-
eiaia e iaeiaiauo eueaio. I?aaei?eyoey e i?aaei?eieiaoaee, ?an-
oe?ythuea i?iecaiaenoai, inouanoaeythuea aai oaoie/aneia ia?a-
aii?oaeaiea, aaiae iiauo iiuiinoae, ?acaeoea nioeeaeueiie eio?a-
no?oeoo?u, aeiaeaiey a i?e?iaeiio?aiiua ia?ii?eyoey, iieo/atho
iaeiaiaua eueaiou. Naiinoiyoaeueiinoue noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey e
i?aaei?eei/eainoue iaania/eaathony oe?ioie eiiiaoaioeee e eio-
uanoaaiiuo i?aa.
Yoe i?eioeeieaeueiua enoiaeiua iieiaeaiey i?iyaeythony ia ?ac-
iuo o ?iaiyo e aeey ?aciuo noauaeoia n ii?aaeaeaiiuie iniaaiiinoyi e.
Aeey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee, ?aaioathueo ia iniiaa
oie eee eiie oi?iu oicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa, ?anoe?yaony oicye-
noaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey, aiciiaeiinoue naiinoiyoaeueii o/anoaiaaoue a
?uii/iuo ioiioaieyo ia iniiaa iieo/aiey i?aaa ia ?an/aoiue e
oaeouee n/ao a aaiea, eniieueciaaiey a?aiaeiuo e iiae?yaeiuo oi?i
aeayoaeueiinoe, /aeiaie nenoaiu ?an/aoia e eiuo oi?i aioo?eoicye-
noaaiiiai ?an/aoa.
!!7
Io?aia naiaiaeu, naiinoiyoaeueiinoe e yeiiiie/aneeo eioa?ania
oicyenoaothueo ?aaeiiia aiieiuaaony a naiioi?aaeaiee e naiioe-
iaine?iaaiee, cae?aieaiee nianoaaiiie eiouanoaaiiie aacu, n
iiiiuueth eioi?ie iaania/eaaaony ?acaeoea yeiiiieee e nioeeaeue-
ii-eoeueoo?iie eio?ano?oeoo?u. Aeey i?aaiaie caueou yoeo i?aa
i?eiyou niaoeeaeueiua aeou (*1).
3. I?eioeei ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia ioiioaiey a ia-
?iaeiii oicyenoaa i?aeiouanoaaiii ia iniiaa i?eiaiaiey yeiii-
ie/aneeo ia? e iaoiaeia. Ia niaio aee?aeoeaiui (i?eeaciui) ia-
oiaeai ?oeiaiaenoaa yeiiiieea no?aiu ia?aoiaeeo e yeiiiie/aneei
iaoiaeai, oi anoue iniiaaiiui ia i?eiaiaiee ia? caeioa?aniaaiiinoe
o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia, ioaeaeueiuo eeoe e ia?aueaaieth iauaiia i?i-
ecaiaenoaa oiaa?ia, ?aaio e oneoa, ?anoe?aieth eo anni?oeiaioa e
iiauoaiey ea/anoaa. E /eneo oao “e Aa?iio, e Aceth a
naaa”, ia caia/ay aiana oiai, /oi nei?aa iie e ia caiiaaeiue, e
ia ainoi/iue ia?iae, eai /oi aea iie i?eianee Acee, e eaeoth ?ieue
nua?aee a Aa?iia? Ia Ainoiea iie iaiae?aee e niieee ao?yo, /a-
?aiania, ee?aec-eaenaeia, iaiae?aee A?iaieth e A?ocey, cai?aoea
aeaaea(nai neooae iaaaeith) neooaoue naith i?aaineaaioth iaaaeith
ii-a?oceinee. I, i, i… Nai neooae, nai neooae a Oeoeena. A
Aa?iia yaeeinue eae Aa?oeai e Aaeoiei e “aianee nioeeaeeci”, ei-
oi?iai “aio eiaiii ia oaaoaei Aa?iia”. Iaaeaeo Aa?iiie e Aceae
iu yaeeinue eiaiii “iaaeaoieaie”, o.a eiaiii ieaeeenoaie, ia ii-
ieiay ie Aa?iiu, ie Acee. Oieueei iueyinoai, iooue e a?ycue aianee.
Ii i?eianee ee iu naiueth? aeia?ua ia/aea i?aaia? O?oaeiniinia-
iinoue? Ie-ie-ie. Oaia?ue, Ainiiaee, eae no?aoii neacaoue… Oiaaea
eae iu “e ia ainoi/iue, e ia caiaaeiue ia?iae”, a i?inoi a?oi-
aea,-a?oiaea n ooaeiaeanoaii,-aa?ae yaeythony ia naiii aeaea ia
oieueei ia?aainoaothuei ia?iaeii Acee, aeaaoei oaea ia “eia-/oi”, a
aanue naao Acee, aanue niune aa, ii iie aeaaioneeie oneeeyie,
iaooiieiie aeayoaeueiinoueth noaiiayony iaei-iiiaeo e ia?aui ia?i-
aeii Aa?iiu.
Iiniio?eoa, ano?aieieoanue, iiiiieoanue: ianiio?y ia iiaie,
eae iie /anoi ethayo ?onneeo e aeaeatho eo ii?iee, e ieeiaaea
“ii-aiaieaanee” ia ecaeaaathony iaae ieie. Iaae ii?ieii iaeuecy
niayoueny, yoi-i?anooiii, caa?nee. E naiath e i?aanoaaiiith, e
eoeueoo?iith aeooith iie ieeiaaea yoiai e ia aeaeatho. ss ca anth aeeciue
ieeiaaea ia aeaeae aa?ay, iiniayaoaainy iaae iueyiui eee iaae eie-
aui ?onneei. Yoi /oi-ieaoaeue cia/eo n?aaee iaeooeoaeueiiai oioioa
naieo ?onneeo iaae naieie ii?ieaie. N?aaee iaoeo i/a?iaaoaeueiuo:
“Oii-Aecei, A?eaiaaeia, Aiaieue, Uaae?ei, Ino?ianeee”. N?aaee
“naeinoaa” ?onneeo anoue, i?aaaea, iaeii aei?iaia ea/anoai-eioei-
iinoue, caaeooaaiinoue. Aa?ae-oi aea. E aio yoith /a?oith iie oaeanii
naycuaathony n ?onneeie. Oieueei ?onneee anoue iueyiue caaeooaaiue
/aeiaae, a aa?ae anoue o?acaue caaeooaaiue /aeiaae. Oieueei e iae-
iiio, e aeanoe, ii ia /oanoaoao iiaeic?aiey. Aeanoue anaaea aeia-
?a, aeaaa, e, nianoaaiii, iioiio, /oi ii eaiea e aeanoue iaaua-
ao aio aai ono?ieoue eae eaeaeo.
Aeaaioai?aiea, eioi?ia aacaea ainiieiyao iaaeinoaoie, o
o?enoeai anoue ii?iaeueiia iieiaeaiea. Ooo ana aeaaioai?yo “ieuoth
a?aoeth”, e eaeay-oi ieuaoa eiouanoaa, oae e aeooa-aio o?enoe-
ainoai.
A.A.?icaiia ” Aicea “?onneie eaeae” ”
Aeinoiaaneee au?acee “nayoia nayouo” naiae aeooe, oeacaa ia
iniaoth aioo?aiithth ienneth ?innee a Aa?iia, a o?enoeainoaa, a
caoai e ai anaie?iie enoi?ee: eiaiii “aeieii/eoue” aeii a?, no?i-
eoaeuenoai a?, eae aeaiueia aeieai/eaaao oieinooth eaa?oe?o, eiaaea
aoiaeeo a ia? “iaaanoith e aeaiith” aeiiioicyeia.
AEaiueia onooi/eaa e aiai?eo “aicueie iaiy” ioae/eia, aea, ii
aaeaa ii a? “aa?ao”, eae aeoaiei aanue ia?aiaiyaony.”AEaieoueny –
ia?aiaieoueny”– iiiaiaeoiiay aaeiaay iiaiai?ea.
…*oi yoi oae auoiaeeo e a enoi?ee, iiaeii aeaeaoue ec oiai,
/oi, iai?eia?, o “aeainoaaiiuo” ?onneeo ieeaeiai “aa?yaeneiai
ia?eiaea”,”ii?iaiaeneiai ia?eiaea” (ioaeneie yeaiaio) enoi?ee, au-
oa, nouanoaiaaiey ia auei. Oao, eiai “aeainoaaiiay ia?iaeiinoue”
i?ecaaea “aieiaeaoe e eiyaeeoa iaae niaith”,-yoe aieinoaaiiua aea-
eaciua ii?iaiiu, i?eaey, oi/ii naie ioaeaee eiio-oi aeanoue; iie
i?inoi “naee” e ia/aee “ie?iaaoue e ioioeoueny”.Ia?aaeaieeenue,ia-
?iaeeee aeaoae e noaee “?onueth”– ?onneeie, oeaainieaie e i?aai-
neaaiuie, aac iaiyoe naiaai ycuea, ?iaeeiu, aac iaiyoe naieo
iau/aaa e caeiiia.
…Eae aoaeoi nia?oaee e nia/aea — “iiae/eiaiea ?onneeo”,
ii caoai nae/an aea i?ienoiaeeo aieaa aioo?aiiaa iaeaaeaaaiea
yoeie naiuie iiae/eieoaeyie,ananuaaiea eo.” AEainoaaiiia ea/ano-
ai “– iaeeoei: onooi/eainoue, iyaeinoue.Ii iii neacuaaaonyy eae
neea, iaeaaeaiea, iaeaaeaiea.Oau, ia ioae “iaeaaeaao aeaiith”; yoi
oieueei eaaeaony oae.Ia naiii aeaea aeaia “iaeaaeaao ioaeai”,aeaaea aei
iiaeauaiey. E ia aeanoueth,ia icyii, a aio yoei oaeinoaaiiui
“aacaieeai”, eioi?ia /a?oao “aieyuaai” e a?oaiai e iiei?yao
aai naaa, eae iaaeiinoue e ieeiaeaeiinoue.*oi aoaeao “ieei” iia,
oi, iiaa?ueoa, noaiao e “caeiiii” iia.
?onneea eiatho naienoai ioaeaaaoueny aaccaaaoii /oaeei aeey-
ieyi… Eueaiii, aio eae iaaanoa e aeaia — ioaeo…Ii /ai yoa
“ioaea/a” aaccaaaoiaa, /eua, aanei?unoiaa, aeaaea aei “oaeenoaa
naay”, oai oaeinoaaiiui ia?acii iia neeueiaa aeaenoaoao ia oiai
eiio auea “ioaea/a”.Ca “aa?ioth aeaio” ioae nai ia?aoii “oi?ao” —
yoi oaea caeii aaeeeiaeooea e ioaeanoaa.
…”?onneea au noaee ia naay ia iioiaee”:aei oaeie noaiaie
oaeaeaoueny /oi-oi iai?aiaiii ec Aa?iiu anoue aaeeinoaaiiia “ii-
oiaeaa ia naay” o conneeo,o ?innee… AEaiueia,aa/ii euouoy “aea-
ie/o,aeaao e ioaea”…
…Aa?a Oeaia? ia?aoea a nioeeaeeci, eiaaea oaeaeaea a Eaca-
ie inei?aeaiiui aaeieiena?aoeeae naiaai ethaeueiiai o/eoaey.Aio
?onneee iioea.
Aanue ?onneee nioeeaeeci a eaeaaeueiie e /enoie naiae iniiaa,
iniiaa ia?aiia/aeueiie,aeainoaaiai;e anoue oieueei ?anoe?aiea
“?onneie aeaeinoe”,”nino?aaeaiea e ian/anaiui,aaaeiui, iaeiouei”.
nooe.
?onneea a no?aiiii iaieueuaiee ooaa?aeaeaee, /oi iie “e
ainoi/iue, e caiaaeiue ia?iae”,-niaaeeiyth=1/4BEO>5th?¦EIuUKNAsEbgt
lq?3/4»?^oi*1E.IYIAE]/cYyei.~Qg%*y:E 2u.{Es 4. Ioa?aie/aiea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa io niaaeiuo io?aneae
1. Ioa?aie/aiea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa io ae?oaeo io?aneae i?i-
aiaeeony a n?aaiaiee aai i?aaeiaoa n i?aaeiaoaie i?aaiaiai ?aaoee-
?iaaiey niaaeiuo io?aneae. Iaaeeaaeeo iiae/a?eiooue, /oi i?ioanne-
iiaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue ii i?iecaiaenoao oiaa?ia, ioiioaiey ii ai-
noaea?noaaiiiio aicaeaenoaeth ia oaeoth aeayoaeueiinoue ioee/aaony io
ae?oaeo ioiioaiee e iicaieyao i?iaanoe ?aca?aie/eoaeueioth eeieth
iaaeaeo niaaeiuie io?aneyie.
2. A i?eioeeia oa??eoi?ey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa – yoi aini?i-
ecaiaenoaaiiua ioiioaiey a iaoae yeiiiieea. Iaeiaei ia ana iie
?aaoee?othony oicyenoaaiiui i?aaii. Iio?aaeaiea i?iecaaaeaiiiai
i?iaeoeoa (eiaaony a aeaeo iai?iecaiaenoaaiiia iio?aaeaiea) ino-
uanoaeyaony a ?aieao a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa, ?aaoee?iaaiea eioi?iai
iai?aaeaii ia oaeiaeaoai?aiea eiouanoaaiiuo, ee/iuo iaeio-
uanoaaiiuo eioa?ania aia nianoaaiii i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe. A ?aaeueiie aeecie iio?aaeaiea e ianeoaeeaathuaa aai ?a-
aoee?iaaiea ii i?eia?aoaieth a?aaeaeaiaie oiaa?ia, ?aaio e oneoa
ioi?aaiu io iaiin?aaenoaaiiuo aini?iecaiaenoaaiiuo i?ioeannia,
yaeythony naiinoiyoaeueiie noa?ie, a eioi?oth ia?aiauathony ?a-
coeueoaou i?iecaiaenoaa. Nai aea i?ioeann oaeiaeaoai?aiey iio?aa-
iinoae a?aaeaeai eiaao iniaia niaea?aeaiea e niioaaonoaaiii niaoee-
oe/aneia ?aaoee?iaaiea. A yoii niunea oicyenoaaiiue iai?io,
eae niaieoiiinoue anao aeoia aeayoaeueiinoe a i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa,
?ani?aaeaeaiey, iaiaia, i?aaenoaaeyao niaie naiinoiyoaeueioth noa-
?o, a eioi?ie acaeiiaeaenoaotho i?iecaiaeeoaee. A?aaeaeaineee aea
iai?io – yoi niaieoiiinoue naeaeie ii oaeiaeaoai?aieth ia?niiaeue-
iuo iio?aaiinoae, e caeanue acaeiiaeaenoaotho i?iecaiaeeoaee e a?aae-
aeaia, a?aaeaeaia iaaeaeo niaie, niaa?oay naeaeee ii oaeiaeaoai?aieth
eioa?ania iio?aaeaiey.
Eiia/ii, iaaeaeo oicyenoaaiiui e a?aaeaeaineei i?aaii iao
eeoaeneie noaiu, eae aiiaua iaaeaeo anaie acaeiiaeaenoaothueie
io?aneyie i?aaa. Ii oai ia iaiaa oa??eoi?ey oie e ae?oaie io?anee
i?iniao?eaaaony aeinoaoi/ii ii?aaeaeaiii. Aeaaea a iia?aie/iie ciia
ia?aiauaiey ?acoeueoaoia i?iecaiaenoaa aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey iio-
?aaiinoae a?aaeaeai aeaeii, /oi ii iaeio noi?iio aeaenoaotho i?iecai-
!!13
aeeoaee, aeey eioi?uo ?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia, ?aaio oneoa – iaiaoi-
aeeiay /anoue aini?iecaiaenoaaiiiai e?oaiiai?ioa. Ii ae?oaoth aea
noi?iio aeaenoaotho iio?aaeoaee oiaa?ia, ?aaio, oneoa. A yoie iia-
?aie/iie ciia eiie?aoiua naeaeee a?aaeaeai – oa??eoi?ey a?aaeaeai-
neiai i?aaa. Niaieoiiay aea aeayoaeueiinoue i?iecaiaeeoaeae (ia ei-
ia/iie noaaeee a yoie iia?aie/iie ciia aeaenoaotho oi?aiaua i?aae-
i?eyoey, i?aaiecaoeee auoiaiai ianeoaeeaaiey, ia?aaic/eee e
ae?oaea acaeiiaeaenoaothuea n a?aaeaeaiaie noauaeou) i?aaenoaaeyao
aeey ieo iau/ioth i?ioanneiiaeueioth oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue
ii i?iecaiaenoao e ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia, iiaeiaaeathuoth iiae aeaenoaea
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
I?aaiecaoeey ?aaiou iaaaceiia, caaic, o?aiaiea oiaa?ia, i?e-
iaiaiea ii?i anoanoaaiiie oauee, oeiainiaua ?acoeueoaou oi?aia-
ee – ana yoi oa??eoi?ey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Naeaeea n a?aaeaea-
ieiii ?aaoee?oaony a?aaeaeaineei i?aaii. Ii niaieoiiinoue (noiia)
naeaeie – yoi oaea iauai oiaa?iiai?ioa, i?eauee, eioi?ua iiaeiaaeatho
iiae aeaenoaea oicyenoaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey. ?aca?aie/aiea oicye-
noaaiiiai e a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa a yoie iia?aie/iie ciia iiaeii
i?iaanoe aeinoaoi/ii /aoei. Enoaoe, ii yoei aea i?eciaeai (i?io-
anneiiaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe eiiia?naioa) i?iaiaeeony a?aieoea iaaeaeo
a?aaeaeaineei e oi?aiaui i?aaii a ao?aeoaciuo aeoaeenoe/aneeo
nenoaiao, ianeoaeeaathueo iai?io ia iniiaa yoeo aeaoo io?aneae
i?aaa.
A noa?a oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa anoue e iaeioi?ua iaeiouanoaaiiua
ioiioaiey, naycaiiua n aaaeaieai i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeue-
iinoe (i?aai ia oe?io – iaeiaiiaaiea, i?aai ia oiaa?iue ciae,
ciae ianeoaeeaaiey, iaeiaiiaaiea ianoa i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a).
Iie ioee/athony io niioaaonoaothueo iaeiouanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee
a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa (no. 1. AE) oaniie naycueth n i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoueth. Aia oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe yoe i?aaa ia ?aaeecothony
e eeoaiu eaeiai-eeai niunea.
3. Io aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa oicyenoaaiiia i?aai ioee/aaony
oai, /oi e i?aaeiaoo iineaaeiaai ioianaia eniieieoaeueii-?anii?y-
aeeoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue aaeieieno?aoeee, oi anoue ioiioaiey a noa?a
aeanoe e iiae/eiaiey. Oaeea ioiioaiey ?aaeecothony iau/ii oai,
aaea aeaenoaotho noauaeou yoie aeayoaeueiinoe, oi anoue i?aaiu oi?aa-
eaiey, ioaeaeueiua aeieaeiinoiua eeoea, ?aaeecothuea aeanoue e oi?aa-
eaiea, iiae/eiythuea naiaio aee?aeoeaiiio aicaeaenoaeth ieaeanoiy-
uea i?aaiu e aeieaeiinoiua eeoea. Yoi oa?aeoa?iay noa?a iauano-
aaiiuo ioiioaiee aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa.
A oicyenoaaiiuo aea ioiioaieyo iao eniieieoaeueii-?anii?yaee-
oaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe. I?aaiu oi?aaeaiey e ioaeaeueiua aeieaeiinoiua
eeoea a oicyenoaa ia aunooiatho. Caeanue a ioiioaieyo ii inouanoa-
eaieth ?oeiaiaeyuae aeayoaeueiinoe aunooiatho i?aaiu ainoaea?noaa io
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aai eiaie. Yoe aeou oicyenoaaiiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa ia i?aaenoaaeytho
niaie i?inouo aeoia eniieiaiey caeiiia eee ?anii?yaeaiee ai eo
eniieiaiea. No?aiii auei au aiai?eoue, /oi yeiiiie/aneea aeou
?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaii i?aaenoaaeytho niaie aeayoaeueiinoue eniieie-
oaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a. Neeoeii iaiaeiicia/ia, iii-
aioaeoi?ia aeayoaeueiinoue ii ?oeiaiaenoao yeiiiieeie, /oiau aa iiae-
ii auei au inouanoaeoue iooai i?inouo ?anii?yaeaiee ia iniiaa
aeanoe e iiae/eiaiey. Aaaeue iaeii aeaei i?eiyoue ?aoaiea ii iiaiaeo
i?iienee, iacia/aiey iainee, i?eiyoey ia o/ao ii iaania/aieth
eaa?oe?ie e nianai ae?oaia aeaei i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ?aoaiea yeiii-
ie/aneeo caaea/ i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, ?aaiou o?oaeiauo eie-
eaeoeaia, ?anniio?aiea e ?aoaiea i?iaeai i?aiaeieaiey aioeiiii-
iieecia, onoaiiaeaiea oeai, ii?iaoeaia, ae?oaeo aeoia i?aaiecaoeee
e ?aaoee?iaaiey yeiiiieee.
Yeiiiie/aneia ?oeiaiaenoai ainoaea?noaa a ianoiyuaa a?aiy ana
aieaa ioaeaeyaony io aeoia eniieieoaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe, oae eae ana aieaa
eacia-aee?aeoea. I?eiaiaiea yeiiiie/aneeo ?u/aaia (iaeiaia,
eueaio, yeiiiie/aneeo naieoeee, aeioaoeee e noaneaeee) caieiaao a
noa?a ioiioaiee ?oeiaiaenoaa ana aieaa cia/eoaeueiia ianoi, a io-
iioaiey, iniiaaiiua ia
aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa, onooiatho naia ianoi aicaeaenoaeth ia ei-
oa?an e n iiiiuueth eioa?ana.
4. Io o?oaeiaiai i?aaa oicyenoaaiiia i?aai ioee/aaony oai, /oi
aicaeaenoaoao ia ia ioiioaiey ioaeaeueiuo eeoe, iaiyaoeony ia ?aaioo
e iiae/eiythueony a neeo yoiai i?aaeeai aioo?aiiaai o?oaeiaiai
?anii?yaeea, onoaiiaeaiiiio ?aaeeio ?aaiou e o.i. ioiioaieyi ia-
eia, a ia i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneea ioiioaiey i?aaei?eyoee e eo iiae-
?acaeaeaiee a oeaeii eae oicyenoaaiiuo ia?aciaaiee. A iia?aie/iuo
ciiao i?aaiecaoeee aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa oicyenoaaiiia
i?aai aicaeaenoaoao ia iiaaaeaiea oic?an/aoiie a?eaaaeu, a?aiaeiiai
eieeaeoeaa e ae?oaeo iiae?acaeaeaiee. Oai aea, aaea aeaenoaotho ia
oic?an/aoiua ia?aciaaiey (aeiionoei, i?inoua a?eaaaeu, iaoic?an-
/aoiua caaiuey), iu eiaai aeaei n o?oaeiauie ioiioaieyie, a eioi?uo
ia eiaao cia/aiea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-eiouanoaaiiia iainiaeaiea,
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai?. Eo iaee/ea yaeyaony i?eciaeii oi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee.
E o?oaeiaiio i?aao neaaeoao ioianoe ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee
ii eieeaeoeaiiio aeiaiai?o, aeayoaeueiinoe o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia,
eo niaaoia a oie /anoe, eioi?ay aae?aniaaia i?aaai ioaeaeueiuo
?aaioieeia. A oie aea /anoe, aaea o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea ainoaea?no-
/aiiiai eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey ?aaeecoao naith aieth a
oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa, ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey eiio?aeoa n ?oeiai-
aeeoaeai, i?eieiaao ?aoaiey i i?aia?aciaaiee iiae?acaeaeaiey
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i?aaei?eyoey a i?aaei?eyoea, aai aeayoaeueiinoue e aicieeathuea aneaae-
noaea yoiai ioiioaiey iiaeiaaeatho iiae oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaia ?a-
aoee?iaaiea. A yoeo ioiioaieyo, ii iaoaio iiaieth, i?iyaeyaony
i?aainoauaeoiinoue o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia a noa?a oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa. A oai?ee i?aaa yoio aii?in iiea iaaeinoaoi/ii eco/ai e
?ac?aaioai. Iai eaaeaony, /oi iaaei o/eouaaoue aieth e i?aainoau-
aeoiinoue o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa a noa?a i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa e
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee, aaea iia iieo/aao th?eaee/anee cia/eiia
au?aaeaiea.
A oii aea eieeaeoeaiii aeiaiai?a o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa n
i?aaei?eieiaoaeai ia /anoiii i?aaei?eyoee ?ac?aaioea oneiaee
i nioeeaeueiii ia?oia?noaa iieo/aao au?aaeaiea a ii?aaeaeaiee
i?aaee aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eieiaoaey.
Ii iaycai aanoe aa, niia?acoynue n oneiaeyie aeiaiai?a ia io?aia
o?oaea, nioeeaeueiii ?acaeoee, o/anoee eieeaeoeaa a ?ani?aaea-
eaiee i?eauee e ae?., o.a. ia iniiaa i?aaiioiioaiey n o?oaeiaui
eieeaeoeaii.
5. Io oeiainiaiai i?aaa oicyenoaaiiia i?aai ioee/aaony oai,
/oi ?aaoee?iaaiea oeiainia athaeaeaoa (ainoaea?noaaiiiai ieaia
oi?ie?iaaiey e ?aaeecaoeee aeioiaeia ainoaea?noaa) yaeyaony i?aae-
iaoii oeiainiaiai i?aaa. ?aaoee?iaaiea aea enoi/ieeia aeioiaeia
i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaei?eieiaoaeae e eo eniieueciaaiey a aini?i-
ecaiaenoaaiiii e?oaiiai?ioa ninoaaeyao i?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa. Oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue iaaiciiaeia aia ia?aciaaiey
ii ii?aaeaeaiiui i?aaeeai aeioiaeia e eo ?aaeecaoeee. Iia i?aae-
iieaaaao iaaeeaaeauaa oi?ie?iaaiea i?aaei?eyoeai naaanoieiinoe,
oi/iia ii?aaeaeaiea aeioiaeia e i?eauee. Iiyoiio a /anoe aeaeaeaiey
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia ?aaoee?iaaiea ino-
uanoaeyaony ii?iaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. A /anoe aea ia?aci-
aaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo aeioiaeia ia iniiaa iaeiaia, iai?aaeaiey
athaeaeaoiuo n?aaenoa ioiioaiey ninoaaeytho i?aaeiao oeiainiaiai
i?aaa.
6. Ia ano?a/aao cia/eoaeueiuo o?oaeiinoae ioa?aie/aiea caiaeue-
iuo e oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. Nai iauaeo – caiey e naycaiiua
n iath ioiioaiey, aeaaea ii iiaiaeo aiaea/aiey aa a iai?io ia iniiaa
ia?aaea/e a nianoaaiiinoue, aaeaeo iniaie aaaeiinoe aeaiiiai iauaeoa
ninoaaeyao i?aaeiao caiaeueiiai i?aaa. Oi aea neaaeoao neacaoue i
aiaeiuo, ai?iuo, eaniuo e i?e?iaeiio?aiiuo ioiioaieyo. Aeey oi-
cyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe caiaeueiua e eiua i?e?iaei?ano?niua io-
iioaiey yaeythony oioy e aaaeiuie, ii ia aeaaiuie, niioonoaoth-
ueie. Iiyoiio oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaui ?aaoee?iaaieai iie ia io-
aaouaathony.
7. A ?acoeueoaoa oe?aieaiey noaa?aieoaoia aoiaeyueo a ?inneen-
eoth Oaaea?aoeeth ?anioaeee, ?acaeoey ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey cia-
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/eoaeueii ?anoe?eeinue o/anoea a ?oeiaiaenoaa yeiiiieeie i?aaiia
ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe oaaea?aoeee, ?anioaeee e ?aaeiiia. A nayce
n yoei aicieeaao i?iaeaia ?aciaaeaaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai e oi-
cyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Eae i?aaenoaaeyaony, eiinoeoooeeiiiua onoaiiaeaiey ii?aaeaey-
thuea ainoaea?noaaiiia ono?ienoai oaaea?aoeee, ?aca?aie/aiea i?aae-
iaoia aaaeaiey aunoeo i?aaiia aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey oaaea?aoeee e
?anioaeee, iieiaeaiey ae?oaeo caeiiia a /anoe, iaania/eaathuae
?aaeecaoeeth ainoaea?noaaiiiai ono?ienoaa e iieiiii/ey i?aaiia aean-
oe e oi?aaeaiey a noa?a yeiiiieee, ninoaaeyao i?aaeiao ainoaea?no-
aaiiiai i?aaa.
*oi aea eanaaony aii?inia onoaiiaeaiey i?aa e iaycaiiinoae
ainoaea?noaa a oeaeii, ioaeaeueiuo ?anioaeee, ?aaeiiia n ioaeaeueiuie
i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie, iie ?aaoee?othony ii?iaie oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa.
Yoe a?aieoeu aiieia /aoei i?iniao?eaathony a ?aaeueiie oeaie
acaeiiaeaenoaey ainoaea?noaa (oaaea?aoeee e aoiaeyueo a iaa ?anioa-
eee), ?aaeiiia n oicyenoaaiiuie ia?aciaaieyie, eiaaea aeou aino-
aea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia iai?aaeaiu ia onoaiiaeaiea, eciaiaiea eee
i?ae?auaiea oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee aini?iecaiaenoaaiiiai
i?ioeanna. Oae, aeou i nicaeaiee eee i?ae?auaiee noauaeoia oicye-
noaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, i caueoa ?uiea io iiiiiieenoe/aneie aea-
yoaeueiinoe ioaeaeueiuo noauaeoia, onoaiiaeaiee i?ei?eoaoia e eueaio
aeey oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia ?aaeecothony n iiiiuueth ii?i oicye-
noaaiiiai i?aaa.
?aca?aie/aieth ioiioaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai e oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa niinianoaotho oaeaea oeacaiey A?aeo?aaeii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai
eiaeaena ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. A niioaaonoaee ano. 22 AIE A?-
aeo?aaeiiio noaeo iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiu nii?u i i?eciaiee iaaeaenoae-
oaeueiuie aeoia ainoaea?noaaiiuo e eiuo i?aaiia (aae?aniaaiiuo
eiie?aoiui eeoeai eee a?oiia eeoe), a oii /enea ?aoaiee aaeie-
ieno?aoeee, ia niioaaonoaothueo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao e ia?ooathueo
io?aiyaiua caeiiii i?aaa e eioa?anu i?aaiecaoeee e a?aaeaeai-
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, a oii /enea aeaea i aiciauaiee oauoeia, i?e-
/eiaiiuo i?aaiecaoeeyi e i?aaei?eieiaoaeyi oaeeie aeoaie, a
oaeaea iaiaaeeaaeauei eniieiaieai oeacaiiuie i?aaiaie naieo
iaycaiiinoae. A?aeo?aaeiue noae ?anniao?eaaao oaeaea nii?u ii
ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeno?aoeee i?aaiecaoeee e i?aaei?eieiaoaeae; ia
iaaeaeiaaiee ?aoaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia ia ecuyoee o ieo
eiouanoaa; i acuneaiee n i?aaiecaoeee e i?aaei?eieiaoaeae oo?a-
oia e ae?oaeo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie, a oii
/enea inouanoaeythueie aioeiiiiiieueioth iieeoeeo; i aica?aoa
ec athaeaeaoa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, nienaiiuo a aeaea yeiiiie/aneeo
(oeiainiauo) naieoeee, ii ae?oaei iniiaaieyi ainoaea?noaaiiuie
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iaeiaiauie einiaeoeeyie e eiuie eiio?iee?othueie i?aaiaie a
aannii?iii ii?yaeea.
A?aeo?aaeiue noae ?anniao?eaaao e nii?u, aicieeathuea ec yei-
iiie/aneeo niaeaoaiee iaaeaeo aini?aaiaie ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
e ae?oaeo ainoaea?noa, eiaaea yoi i?aaeoniio?aii iaaeainoaea?noaaiiuie
niaeaoaieyie; nii?u ec yeiiiie/aneeo niaeaoaiee iaaeaeo i?aa-
iaie oi?aaeaiey ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, e?aaa,
iaeanoae, ai?iaeia, ?aeiiia, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiuo ie-
?oaia.
Ec ia?a/iy aeae, a eioi?uo o/anoaotho ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaiu,
aeaeii, /oi ana iie naycaiu n aaaeaieai oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
ainoaea?noaii, ?aaeiiaie, i?aaiecaoeeyie e i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie. Aea-
yoaeueiinoue ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia aia yeiiiie/aneie noa?u eee
aeaaea a noa?a yeiiiieee, ii ia cao?aaeaathuay ioiioaiee eiie?ao-
iuo noauaeoia a iaeanoe oicyenoaiaaiey, yaeyaony i?aaeiaoii aino-
aea?noaaiiiai i?aaa. Aeayoaeueiinoue ainoaea?noaa (aai i?aaiia) a noa?a
yeiiiieee, cao?aaeaathuay i?aaa e eioa?anu noauaeoia oicyenoai-
aaiey, – i?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
8. A iineaaeiea aiaeu iaeioi?ua o/aiua-i?aaiaaaeu noaee auaeae-
aaoue eiioeaioeeth naiinoiyoaeueiinoe naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa,
eae iaania/eaathuaai ?aaoee?iaaiea anao iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee,
aicieeathueo a oiaea i?iecaiaenoaa e ?aaeecaoeee naeueneioicyenoaai-
iie i?iaeoeoeee, aa ia?a?aaioee a ?aieao aeayoaeueiinoe aa?ii?iiuo-
eaiiiai eiiieaena (*1).
Ianiiiaiii, /oi ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee a ethaie io?anee
ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa eiaao naie io?aneaaua iniaaiiinoe. Eiathony
iie e a io?anee naeueneiai oicyenoaa, ooieoeeiie?othuae a ninoaaa
aa?ii?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena no?aiu. Yoi ?aaoee?iaaiea iiaeii
na?oiie?iaaoue a oeaeyo i?aeoe/aneiai oaeianoaa, aeey aai eco/aiey,
i?eiaiaiey, niaa?oainoaiaaiey. Iaeiaei, a .i?eioeeia ioiioaiey
i?aaiecaoeee naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa e acaeiiaeaeno-
aothueo n iei ianeoaeeaathueo i?aaiecaoeee, i?aaiecaoeee i?i-
iuoeaiiinoe, oi?aiaee, eiiia?aoeee yaeythony oaie aea oicyeno-
aaiiuie ioiioaieyie, aicieeathueie a nayce n i?ioanneiiaeue-
iui i?iecaiaenoaii oiaa?ia. Oa /anoue naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa,
eioi?ay iaania/eaaao ?aaoee?iaaiea aeaiiuo ioiioaiee, yaeyaony
iiaeio?aneueth oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. N yoeo iiceoeee e ?anniao?e-
aaaony a ianoiyuai eo?na niioaaonoaothuaa i?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaa-
iea.
(**1) Ni.: Iao?ia A.A. Ia?aciaaiea naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa – ?acoeueoao ?acaeoey
nenoaiu niaaoneiai i?aaa. – Niaaoneia ainoaea?noai e i?aai, 1973. ? 9: Iaie?eoia
E.o. Naeueneioicyenoaaiiia i?aai eae io?aneue i?aaa-. – Oai aea. n. 50. Naeueneioicye-
noaaiiia i?aai. O/aaiee iiae ?aae. i?ioanni?ia I.E.Eicu?y e A.A.Iao?iaa. I., 1985, n. 22.
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5. Iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. I?iaeaia i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey ieaiiaie nioeeaeenoe/aneie
yeiiiieee niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiaui ?aaoee?iaaieai, nicaeaieai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa iaecaanoiiai ?aiaa oeia aicieeea n?aco aea iinea
oiai, eae niaaoneay no?aia auoea ec a?aaeaeaineie aieiu e anooieea
ia iooue ie?iiai nioeeaeenoe/aneiai no?ieoaeuenoaa.
Iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa a naiai ?acaeoee i?ioea o?e yoaia
e auea i?aaenoaaeaia o?aiy oeieaie, anee ioaea/ueny io ianouano-
aaiiuo ?aciiaeaeiinoae e ioaaoaeaiee ai acaeyaeao ia oi, eaeei
aeieaeii auoue i?aaiaia iaania/aiea nioeeaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieee.
Yoe oeieu ia?aiia/aeueii auee i?aaenoaaeaiu aeaoonaeoi?iie oai-
?eae, iieo/eaoae ?ani?ino?aiaiea a aeaaaeoeaouo aiaeao, a caoai
oeieie aaeeiiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, ianeieueei ii-eiiio i?aae-
noaaeyaoae ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee.
Eaeae yoie oeieu ainiiaenoaiaaee a i?aaiaie iaoea a o?eaeoeaouo
aiaeao. Iaeiiaoe, o?aouey oeiea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa aaaeao naia
ia/aei io 60-o aiaeia aei eiioea 80-o aiaeia, eiaaea iiae aeeyieai
ia?aoiaea e ?uieo ia/aea oi?ie?iaaoueny /aoaa?oay oeiea oicyeno-
aaiiiai i?aaa.
2. Aeaoonaeoi?iay oai?ey aicieeea a ea/anoaa ?aaeoeee ia oi, /oi
nioeeaeenoe/aneia no?ieoaeuenoai ia/aeinue a yiioo iyia. Ia?yaeo n
nioeeaeenoe/aneei oicyenoaaiiui naeoi?ii a yeiiiieea aeaenoaiaae
e /anoiue naeoi?, a oaeaea i?eiueathuea e iaio oeeaaeu. Iniiai-
iieiaeiee yoie oai?ee I.E.Noo/ea iinoaaee aii?in i nouanoaiaaiee
a ia?iaeiii oicyenoaa eae au aeaoo naeoi?ia, eiathueo ?acee/iua
enoi?e/aneea ia?niaeoeau. Ainoaea?noaaiiue naeoi? ia?iaeiiai oi-
cyenoaa n aai ieaiiauie ia/aeaie aeieaeai aue ?acaeaaoueny e noaoue
i?aiaeaaeathuei. *anoiue aea naeoi?, ianeoaeeaaaiue i?aeiouano-
aaiii AE ?NON?, a ai?ueaa n nioeeaeenoe/aneei aeieaeai aue auoue
auoaniai e oeoe n enoi?e/aneie noeaiu.
Aianoa n yoei i?aaeiieaaaeinue ?acaeoea niaoeeaeueiiai i?aaiaiai
?aaoee?iaaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneiai naeoi?a ia aaca oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa, a aaeaeo ioie?aiey a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiauo ioiioaiee (eioi-
?uie n/eoaeenue /anoiinianoaaiie/aneea ioiioaiey) aeieaeii auei
ioia?aoue e a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaia eo ?aaoee?iaaiea.
I?aaeeueii a iniiaiii ioeaieaay iaiaoiaeeiinoue ?acaeoey niaoee-
aeueiiai? aaoee?iaaiey aeey ?acaeaathuaainy nioeeaeenoe/aneiai naeoi?a,
yoa oai?ey iaaa?ii ioeaieea enoi?e/aneea noaeueau a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa,
naycaa eo eneeth/eoaeueii n /anoiuie ioiioaieyie. A?aaeaeaineia i?aai
a oiaea naiaai ?acaeoey aeieaeii auei noaoue ?aaoeyoi?ii eiouanoaaiiuo
ioiioaiee a?aaeaeai ii oaeiaeaoai?aieth naieo iio?aaiinoae.
3. A o?eaeoeaoua aiaeu ii ia?a iiaaaeu iauanoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa
ia niaio aeaoonaeoi?iie i?eoea oeiea aaeeiiai oicyenoaaiiiai
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i?aaa. Aa iniiaiiieiaeieee Aeioeao?a E.ss., Iaooeaien A.A. (*1) oaeaea
n/eoaee iaiaoiaeeiui niaoeeaeueiia i?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea aeey ni-
oeeaeenoe/aneeo oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, noaaoeo e yoiio a?a-
iaie oaea i?aiaeaaeathueie a yeiiiieea no?aiu. Ii eo iiaieth,
aeey yoeo oeaeae neaaeiaaei nicaeaoue aaeeiia oicyenoaaiiia i?aai, oeai-
o?ii eioi?iai aeieaeai noaoue oicyenoaaiiue eiaeaen. A iai i?aaeiie-
aaaeinue ia?yaeo n ?aaoee?iaaieai ioiioaiee nioeeaeenoe/aneeo i?-
aaiecaoeee iiianoeoue e ?aaoee?iaaiea eiouanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee
a?aaeaeai. Yoa oeiea ionoaeaaea oacen i iaaeiionoeiinoe aeaeaiey
aaeeiiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia aeaa naiinoiyoaeueiua /anoe – oi-
cyenoaaiii-aaeieieno?aoeaiia e a?aaeaeaineia i?aai (*2).
Yoa oeiea i?aaeeueii ionoaeaaea iaiaoiaeeiinoue iniaie io?anee
niaaoneiai i?aaa – oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, oioy e ianeieueei
ainoaea?noaa a iaeanoe i?aaiecaoeee oi?aaeaiey oicyenoaii e i?aaie-
caoeee oicyenoaaiiuo naycae. A yoeo acaeyaeao iieo/eea io?aaeaiea
eaeaieiaey neiaeeaoaeny e yoiio a?aiaie aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiie
nenoaiu, aeanoiua neeu eioi?ie ia aeaeaee onooiaoue eiiaiaeiuo aic-
iiaeiinoae, noaniyoue naay i?aaiii?yaeeii a eiiaiaeiuo ioiioaieyo.
Aeaaiay aea ioeaea yoie oai?ee ninoiyea a oii, /oi ?aaoee?iaaiea
anao ioiioaiee n o/anoeai a?aaeaeaieia i?aaeoniao?eaaeinue a nenoaia
aaeeiiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, a oi a?aiy eae ?aaoee?iaaiea eo aeieaeii
auei ninoaaeyoue a iniiaiii i?aaeiao a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa.
Iaeiaei a 1937-1938 aiaeao a ianoaiiaea eoeueoa ee/iinoe e ionoo-
noaey iiaeeeiii iao/iiai iiaeoiaea e aeaiiui i?iaeaiai o?oaeiinoe
nicaeaiey i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieee auee
iauyniaiu a?aaeeoaeuenoaii. Aaoi?u aeaiiie oai?ee auee iauyaeaiu
a?aaaie ia?iaea, e a nouiinoe ia aeaa aeanyoeeaoey oaeoaeaiiia ennea-
aeiaaiea i?iaeai i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieee
i?ae?aoeeinue. Iiae aeeyieai oiaaeaoiaai aeaaiiai oai?aoeea a i?aai-
aaaeaiee A.ss.Auoeineiai ?aoaii auei ?ann?aaeioi/eoue ?aaoee?iaaiea
oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee a iniiaiii a io?aneyo a?aaeaeaineiai e
aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa. Oae aiciee, a caoai noi?ie?iaaeny e iie-
o/ee oai?aoe/aneia iiaee?aieaiea aeoaeenoe/aneee iiaeoiae e iaania-
/aieth ?aaoee?iaaiey yeiiiieee n iiceoeee a?aaeaeaineiai e aaeieien-
o?aoeaiiai i?aaa. Niaeanii yoie oai?ee aa?oeeaeueiua nayce ii oi-
?aaeaieth ia?iaeiui oicyenoaii iaania/eaathony aaeieieno?aoeaiui
i?aaii, a ai?eciioaeueiua nayce oiaa?iiai iaiaia – a?aaeaeaineei
i?aaii. Ia?aoiae e oaeiio oai?aoe/aneiio iainiiaaieth a oa aiaeu aue
(**1) Eo?n niaaoneiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. O. 1 , Ec-ai: Niaaoneia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai, 1938.
(**2) I?ia?aiia ii niaaoneiio oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao aeey aocia. Eiiioienoe/aneay
aeaaeaiey. Einoeooo niaaoneiai no?ieoaeuenoaa e i?aaa. Ain. ec-ai: Niaaoneia caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoai. 1938. n. 9. ‘
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ia neo/aai. AEanoeie eiiaiaeii-ath?ie?aoe/aneie nenoaia ?oeiaiaenoaa
ia?iaeiui oicyenoaii ia ioaeiu auee noanieoaeueiua i?aaiaua eii-
no?oeoeee. I?aaiii?yaeie a oicyenoaa aeieaeai aue iaania/eaaoueny i?e-
eaciuie iaoiaeaie. Iiyoiio ii e iie?aeny ia aaeieieno?aoeaiia
i?aai, a eioi?ii ia auei, a nouiinoe, ie einoeoooia, iaania/eaathueo
oic?an/ao e yeaiaioa?iua aa?aioee i?aaei?eyoee, ie aiiaua eaeeo-
eeai caeiiia i ieaie?iaaiee, i?aaiaii iieiaeaiee i?aaiia oicye-
noaaiiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa, i?aaeaeao eo oniio?aiey a ioaeaaaaiuo i?eea-
cao. A noa?a aea oiaa?iiai iaiaia aeaenoaiaae AE 1922 aiaea, a eioi?ii,
a nouiinoe, oaea ia auei ii?i, iieiie?iaii aeeythueo ia yeiiiieeo.
I?aaiaua einoeooou oicyenoaiaaiey ia aeieaia a?aiy inoaeenue aeae-
ea?aoeaiuie, a iao/iua ?ac?aaioee – oi?iaeueiie ?aaeno?aoeeae e
ii?aaaeaieai ath?ie?aoe/aneeo iaoiaeia a oicyenoaiaaiee.
4. A ia?eiae iinea XX nuacaea EINN aic?iaeaeaaony oicyenoaaiii-
i?aaiaay iuneue e iieo/aao ?acaeoea o?aouey oeiea oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa. Iiaay eiioeaioeey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa o/ea enoi?e/aneee
iiuo e ioeaee i?aaeoanoaaiieeia. Aue auaeaeioo e iainiiaai ia-
o/iue oacen i aaeeinoaa oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee e iaiaoiaeeiinoe
iniaiai e oeaeaiai?aaeaiiiai i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey yeiiiieee,
neiaeeaoaeny e yoiio a?aiaie a aaeeiue ia?iaeiioicyenoaaiiue
eiiieaen, o?aaothuee aaeeiiai i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey. ?aaoee?iaa-
iea eiouanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee n o/anoeai a?aaeaeai eae iaieaiiauo
i?aaeiieaaaeinue i?iaiaeeoue a a?aaeaeaineii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, ia ni-
aaeeiyy aai n oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaui ?aaoee?iaaieai. A iniiao oii-
?yaei/aiey oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, yaeyaoaainy aannen-
oaiiui, iaiaic?eiui i?aaiaui ianneaii, ia eiathuei e oiio aea
ii?aaeaeythueo, oeaio?aeueio aeey oaeiai ianneaa i?aaiauo einoeoooia
e eaoaai?ee (i?aaiaua oi?iu ieaie?iaaiey, oicyenoaaiiiai ?an-
/aoa, i?aainoauaeoiinoue), i?aaeiieaaaeinue iieiaeeoue oeaio?aeueiue
nenoaiiia?acothuee aeo: Oicyenoaaiiue eiaeaen eee Iniiau oicye-
noaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Ia aaca oaeiai aeoa iiaeii auei au
nenoaiaoece?iaaoue e eiaeeoeoee?iaaoue caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai, naeaeaoue aai
/aoeei, oeaeaiai?aaeaiiui e oi?ioi i?eiaiyaiui ia i?aeoeea.
Aeaei a oii, /oi i?aaei?eieiaaoeany ia?u e oeo/oaieth i?aaiaie
?aaiou a ia?iaeiii oicyenoaa (*1), e niaa?oainoaiaaieth oicyenoaaiiiai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa (*2) ieacuaaeenue eeai ia ?aaeeciaaiiuie, eeai ia yo-
oaeoeaiuie. Iineaaeiyy aieueoay ?aaioa ii iauaio oii?yaei/aieth
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia iniiaa Naiaea Caeiiia NNN? ia i?eaaea e nouan-
(**1) Iinoaiiaeaiea OeE EINN e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 23 aeaeaa?e 1970 aiaea
? 1025
iiaeaenoaothueo ii?i (*3), eiiieaeniie io?anee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa (*4). Au-
aeaeaaeinue e
noaa, a eioi?ia yeiau aoiaeyo ii?iu aoeaaeueii anao io?aneae (*5). Ii
aeaaea i?e oaeii i?eciaiee iaiaoiaeeiinoe eiiieaeniuo aeoia n/e-
(**1) E i?eia?o, aeieaia a?aiy ia?aeeaeueii aeaenoaiaaee aeaa nenoaiu ioaaonoaaiiinoe
(ia?aae eiio?aaaioii e yeiiiie/aneay), o?e niioiioaiey i?aoaiceiiiuo e eneiauo
n?ieia, a iaycaoaeuenoaii i?aaa ia iieo/eee au?aaeaiey i?aaiioiioaiey o/anoieeia
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai acaeiiaeaenoeee e o.ae.
(**2) Aeaenana N.N. No?oeoo?a niaaoneiai i?aaa. I., TH?eae. eeo, n. 234.
Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. I., TH?eae. eeo., 1977. n. 32.
(**3) Nenoaiaoecaoeey oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. I.. TH?eae. eeo., 1971, n. 14
(**4) Ei?inaa A.I., Iao?ia A.E. Aii?inu niaa?oainoaiaaiey oicyenoaaiiiai caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaa. – I?aaiaaaeaien, 1978. ? 4, n. 33.
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oaeinue iaaiciiaeiui nicaeaiea iaueo iieiaeaiee, iaueo ia/ae i?a-
aiaiai iaania/aiey yeiiiieee, eioi?ia a niioaaonoaee n yoei iia-
ieai aeieaeii auei no?ieoueny i?eiaieoaeueii e ?acee/iui io?aneyi,
niaaeeienue iiae yaeaeie eiiieaeniiai aeoa (*1). Io?eoeaiea iaueo ia/ae
oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey, ia?ac?uaiinoe ieaiiai-
eiouanoaaiiuo naycae i?eaiaeeei e oiio, /oi ?ac?uaaeoanue acaeii-
aeaenoaea e acaeiiaeeyiea ae?oa ia ae?oaa ieaia e aeiaiai?a, aaeeinoai
i?eioeeiia oicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa, i?eiaiyaiiai ia anao o?iaiyo
ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, noeioee?iaaiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeey anao
caaiueaa e iiae?acaeaeaiee iacaaeneii io oiai. yaeythony ee iie
th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie. Ana yoi e?aeia oneiaeieei caaea/e ai?ueau n
iaaeinoaoeaie oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, aai aannenoai-
iinoueth, iaiaic?eiinoueth, iaei/iie (iniaaiii a aaaeiinoaaiiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoe) ?aaeaiaioaoeeae.
5. Enoi?e/anee ?anniao?eaay iao/iua i?aaeeiaeaiey eiioeai-
oeee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia ?oaaaea 60-80-o aiaeia, iaeuecy in
aeaeaoue i?ia?anneaiuo iiiuoie aaaaeaiey caeiiiinoe a yeiiiieea
ia anao o?iaiyo. No?aieaiea oe?aieoue oic?an/ao a oneiaeyo
aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiai iaoaiecia au?aaeaeinue a i?aaeeaaa-
aiuo ?anoe?aieyo i?aa iniiaiiai caaia, nicaeaiee oicyenoaaiiuo
iaycaoaeuenoa n acaeiiuie i?aaaie e iaycaiiinoyie ii aa?oeeaee,
eiino?oeoeeyo, aa?aioe?othueo i?aaa iniiaiuo caaiueaa io iaiain-
iiaaiiiai aiaoaoaeuenoaa naa?oo, i?eiaiaiee oicyenoaaiiiai aei-
aiai?a ia anao o?iaiyo, ?acaeoee i?aaiauo oi?i aioo?eoicye-
noaaiiiai ?an/aoa, a th?eaeecaoeee i?aa ianoiuo i?aaiia aeanoe e
ae?oaeo i?aaeeiaeaieyo.
Iaeuecy ia aeaeaoue, /oi aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiay nenoaia, ia-
neieueei eeaa?aeeciaaiiay ?aoi?iie 1965 aiaea, a iineaaeothuai aic-
a?aoeea naaa ana iiceoeee ath?ie?aoe/aneiai ?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaii.
Caeiiiinoue yoie nenoaia auea iaiaoiaeeia eeoue a ia?o oe?aieaiey
aeanoe ath?ie?aoee e a noa?ao, aaea iniiaiua caaiuey aeieaeiu auee
ia aaca
?aieao caaeaiiuo ia?aiao?ia oicyenoaiaaiey. Iiyoiio aieueoeinoai
i?aaeeiaeaiee i iaiaoiaeeiinoe caeiiiinoe ii aa?oeeaee, ia oe?ai-
eaiee e ?acaeoee iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiie naiinoiyoaeueiinoe
caaiueaa e iiae?acaeaeaiee ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, i acaeiiinoe i?aa e
iaycaiiinoae iniiaiuo caaiueaa e aa?oieo yoaeiiia, i i?eiaiaiee
ioaaonoaaiiinoe e caueou i?aa ii aa?oeeaee ia i?eieiaeinue eeai
auoieaueaaeinue aaaeiinoaaiiui ii?iioai?/nnoaii.
A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii oeacaoue ia oi, /oi aeaaaeaeu i?aaeea-
aaaoeeny Einoeoooii ainoaea?noaa e i?aaa AI NNN? caeii i iea-
(**1) Aeaenaaa N.N., sseooaa A.O. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioa-
iee — Niaaoneia ainoaea?noai e i?aai, 1974, ? 3, n. 61-69.
!!23
ie?iaaiee ia aue ianoaeaeai a i?aaeoaeuenoaa, a aeaa i?iaeoa oicye-
noaaiiiai eiaeaena aeaaea ia iiiaee a ieai caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo ?aaio.
Iaoea a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa e aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaa yoiai
ia?eiaea auiieiyea aiieiaaoe/aneoth caaea/o i?eniiniaeaiey i?aai-
auo (e iieoi?aaiauo) einoeoooia ia iio?aao eiiaiaeiiai ?aaeeia.
Aeaaea a eo/oeo ?aaioao th?enoia, aeaenoaiaaaoeo a yoeo oneiaeyo,
caueuaeenue eaeae aeanoeiai oic?an/aoa, iiae/eiaiey aeiaiai?a ieaio,
aeiaeaiey eiouanoaaiiuo i?aa a i?ie?onoiai eiaea iia?aoeaiiai
oi?aaeaiey.
6. Nia?aiaiiay eiioeaioeey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa i?aaenoaaeaia
a ?aaioao 90-o aiaeia e a ianoiyuai eo?na. Iia eciaieea i?aaenoaa-
eaiea i i?aaeiaoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Niia?acii yoei i?aaenoaa-
eaieyi a noa?o oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia?aoee e ioiioaiey, aic-
ieeathuea a i?ioeanna ?aaeecaoeee nianoaaiiinoe a?aaeaeai aeey i?i-
ecaiaenoaa oiaa?ia, eae i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneea ioiioaiey.
?anoe?eeinue e /enei noauaeoia-o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiuo io-
iioaiee. Ia oieueei a?aaeaeaia, niaianoiua i?aaei?eyoey (n o/anoeai
ca?oaaaeiuo eeoe e i?aaiecaoeee), ii e /anoiua i?aaei?eyoey, iiaua
oicyenoaaiiua no?oeoo?u, nicaeaaaaiua a iiauo oneiaeyo oicyeno-
aiaaiey, noaee noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee.
A iiauo oneiaeyo oicyenoaiaaiey, n aeeth/aieai ?anioaeee e
?aaeiiia a noa?o ?oeiaiaenoaa yeiiiieeie, a i?ioeanna noaiiaeaiey
noaa?aieoaoa e naiinoiyoaeueiinoe ?anioaeee e ?aaeiiia eo aeayoaeue-
iinoue a noa?a yeiiiieee oaeaea noaea ioaaouaaoueny oicyenoaaiiui
i?aaii, eioi?ia acaeiiaeaenoaoao caeanue n ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaii.
6. Nenoaia eo?na oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
A eaeoeeyo eo?n oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ?acaeo ia aeaa /anoe:
1) Iauea iieiaeaiey;
2) I?aaiaia iaania/aiea ioaeaeueiuo noi?ii oicyenoaaiiiai ia-
oaiecia.
A ia?aoth /anoue eo?na aoiaeyo neaaeothuea oaiu;
1. Iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
2. Enoi/ieee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
3. Oicyenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea.
4. Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
5, I?aai ia eiouanoai noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
6. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea e i?eaaoecaoeey eae i?aaeiinueee nicaeaiey
iaiaoiaeeiuo ?uii/iuo no?oeoo?.
7. Ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea yeiiiieee a oneiaeyo ?uiea.
8. N?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa.
9. Naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
!!24
10. Caeiiiinoue e i?aaiaay ?aaioa a ia?iaeiii oicyenoaa.
11. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?anniio?aiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia.
A Iniaaiiie /anoe oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ?anniao?eaathony ai-
i?inu i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe: i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe nianoaaiieea e i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaey, ?aaeecaoeey i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia, iao/ii-oaoie/aneie,
eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e eiua.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Eaeea iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey ?aaoee?oao oicyenoaaiiia
i?aai? Aeaeoa oa?aeoa?enoeeo eaaeaeie ec o?ao a?oii oaeeo io-
iioaiee.
2. Eae oa?aeoa?ecoaony iaoiae ?aaoee?iaaiey ioiioaiee a
oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa?
3. Eae i?iaanoe ?aca?aie/aiea ioiioaiee oiycyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa n a?aaeaeaineei, aaeieieno?aoeaiui, o?oaeiaui, oeiainiaui
e ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaii?
4. Aeaeoa oa?aeoa?enoeeo o?ao oeie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa e
?acaeoey iao/iuo i?aaenoaaeaiee i i?aaiaii ?aaoee?iaaiee oi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee e nia?aiaiiiai ninoiyiey.
5. Ia?a/eneeoa e aeaeoa oa?aeoa?enoeeo i?eioeeiia oicyeno-
aaiiiai i?aaa.
!!25
Oaia II. Enoi/ieee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
1. Iiiyoea enoi/ieea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Aeaeu aeoia,
niaea?aeaueo ii?iu oicyenoaaiiith i?aaa
1. Iiae enoi/ieeii i?aaa a iauai cia/aiee iiieiaaony ainoaea?-
noaaiiay aiey, au?aaeaiiay a aeoa eiiiaoaioiiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
i?aaia. A eiie?aoiii cia/aiee enoi/ieeii i?aaa yaeythony eiaiii
yoe aeou, niaea?aeauea i?aaiaua ii?iu. Aeey eaaeaeie io?anee i?aaa
aaaeii ii?aaeaeeoue, a eaeeo aeoao niaea?aeeony io?aneaaia ?aaoee?i-
aaiea. Aeey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa yoa caaea/a oai aieaa aaaeia, iin-
eieueeo a iniiaa oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia auei e iao
nenoaiiia?acothuaai aeoa e caeiiu oicyenoaaiiie noa?u i?aaenoaa-
eytho niaie iaoii?yaei/aiiue ?yae aeoia, i?eieiaaiuo ?acee/iuie
ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie aia eaeie-eeai nenoaiu. Onoaiiaeaiea
e?oaa enoi/ieeia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ineiaeiaii e iao/iuie i?aae-
noaaeaieyie i aeaiiie io?anee, aa nenoaia, noauaeoao e o.i.
2. I/aaeaeii, /oi aeaaiui enoi/ieeii yaeyaony Eiinoeoooeey
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. Aeey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa caeanue oeaio?aeueiia
cia/aiea eiatho ii?iu no. 8-9, ii?aaeaeythuea ?aaainoai oi?i
nianoaaiiinoe.
Ia?aoiae e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi aeeeooao iaiaoiaeeiinoue en-
iieueciaaoue a yeiiiieea eiieo?aioiia acaeiiaeaenoaea anao oi?i
nianoaaiiinoe: ainoaea?noaaiiie, ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe e
nianoaaiiinoe a?aaeaeai.
A yoie aeaaa ia oiiiyioou eieeaeoeaiay nianoaaiiinoue, iie-
o/eaoay cae?aieaiea a Caeiia i nianoaaiiinoe a ?NON?. Ecaanoii,
/oi a ?yaea caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoia oaea ooieoeeiie?iaaaoay eieeae-
oeaiay nianoaaiiinoue eiiia?aoeaia e eieoicia ia?aaaaeaia caeiii-
aeaoaeai a ?ac?yae eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaie (eieeaeoeaii-niaianoiie),
iauae aeieaaie, iauae niaianoiie, o?aeooaiuo a ea/anoaa /anoiie
nianoaaiiinoe (*1). Ecaanoii oaeaea, /oi a no. 12 Eiinoeoooeee ?O iin-
eaaeieo eao auea ?aoi?ie?iaaia e aa?a?iay ainoaea?noaaiiay niano-
aaiiinoue: i?eiaaeeaaeauea ?aiaa ainoaea?noao eiouanoaaiiua oiiaeu
niaoicia iauyaeaiu nianoaaiiinoueth niaoicia, a eo nianoaaiiinoue a
(**1) Ni., iai?eia?, no. 5 Caeiia ?O “0 iio?aaeoaeueneie eiiia?aoeee a ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee>. – AAN. 1992, ? 30. no. 1788. no. 8-9 Caiaeueiiai eiaeaena ?NON?. –
AAN. 1991 ,?22. no. 768. Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 27 aeaeaa?y 1992 aiaea . – AAN, 1992, ? 1, no. 53.
!!26
oiiieiaaiuo caeanue aeoao a naith i/a?aaeue noaea o?aeoiaaoueny eae
iauay aeieaaay, iauay niaianoiay, oi anoue /anoiay nianoaaiiinoue.
Eneeth/eoaeueiay nianoaaiiinoue ia caieth ainoaea?noaa caiaiaia
naiaia?aciui einoeoooii iiiaiia?acey oi?i nianoaaiiinoe ia cai-
eth ioaeaeueiuo noauaeoia.
Iiaay Eiinoeoooeey ?O ono?aieea iiiyoea ee/iie nianoaaiiinoe
a?aaeaeai, /oi aeaei ei iniiaaiea eniieueciaaoue eiouanoai a oii /enea
e a i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oeaeyo, a ia oieueei aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey naieo
iio?aaiinoae, eae yoi auei ?aiaa.
A iiaii Iniiaiii caeiia eneeth/aiu ii?iu, aiai?eaoea i iea-
iiainoe aaaeaiey oicyenoaa, enoiaey ec caaea/ ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iie
yeiiiieea. Ono?aiaii oaeaea oiiieiaiea i oic?an/aoa eae iaoiaea
aaaeaiey oicyenoaa. Ec yoiai iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi aeaiiue iaoiae
oicyenoaiaaiey, iie?aaoeeny ia aee?aeoeaioth ieaiiainoue, ii ia-
uaio i?aaeeo aieaa ia i?eiaiyaony eaaea i?aaei?eyoeyie, aeaeno-
aothueie ia aaca ainoaea?noaaiiie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe.
Eiinoeoooeey ?O a aa iuiaoiai aeaea io?aceea i?ioeai?a/ey
ia?aoiaeiiai e ?uieo ia?eiaea. Iia au?aceea oaoeee eiii?iienn
nee, aunooiathueo ca ?aciua ?uii/iua aa?eaiou oicyenoaa: eaie-
oaeenoe/aneee e nioeeaeenoe/aneee. Yoe i?ioeai?a/ey aoaeoo iai
iiiyoiu e a oiaea eco/aiey ioaeaeueiuo oai eo?na. Eae iie aoaeoo
?ac?aoaiu, iieaaeao a?aiy.
3. Iniiaiui aeaeii enoi/ieeia oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
yaeythony caeiiu ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. Ia?aoiae e caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noao, a ia iiaecaeiiiiio ?aaoee?iaaieth yeiiiieee, ianiiiaiii
neaaeoao ioianoe e iieiaeeoaeueiiio yaeaieth a iaoae aeecie. Aeinoi-
einoai caeiia, ninoiyuaa a aai aunieii o?iaia iiaeaioiaee e i?e-
iyoey, iai?a?aeaaiinoe, aaniethoiii ciaiee (ieeoi ia ai?aaa nnu-
eaoueny ia aai iaciaiea) aeaeatho caeii iiuiui ?u/aaii ?aaeecaoeee
yeiiiie/aneiai no?ieoaeuenoaa. Caeiiu ?aaeaiaioe?otho enoiaeiua
iiceoeee ?uii/iie yeiiiieee. E /eneo oaeeo caeiiia ioiinyony
Caeii , Caeii , Caeii ?NON?
e ae?.
Aieueoay a?oiia caeiiia iinayuaia i?aaiaiio iieiaeaieth noau-
aeoia, aeaenoaothueo a iiauo oneiaeyo. Yoi Caeii ?NON? , , (*1),
(*2) e ae?oaea.
(**1) AAN, 1991 .? 1. no. 5.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 18. no. 961.
!!27
A caeiiao (*1), (*2) eceiaeaiu iniiaiua iieiaeaiey i noaoona ?aaeiiia,
e?aaa e iaeanoae, ?aeiiia, ai?iaeia, ooieoeeiie?othueo ia aaca
ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe e ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, ia-
oiaeyuaeny a aaaeaiee e?aaa e iaeanoae. *a?ac eiiiaoaioeeth niio-
aaonoaothuae aaeieieno?aoeee ii?aaeaeaia eiiiaoaioeey aeaiiuo oa?-
?eoi?eaeueiuo ia?aciaaiee a iaeanoe yeiiiieee.
A caeiiao ?aoathony oaeaea iiiaea aii?inu ?aaoee?iaaiey oi-
cyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?acee/iuo noa?ao: iinoaaee i?iaeoeoeee
e oiaa?ia, eiaanoe?iaaiey, i?eaaoecaoeee) caeoiee naeueneioicye-
noaaiiuo i?iaeoeoia, ia?aaicee a?ocia e ae?oaea.
Caeiiii o?aaoee?iaai noaoon e aeayoaeueiinoue oeaio?aeueiiai i?a-
aiio?aieoaeueiiai i?aaia aeanoe oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee – A?-
aeo?aaeiiai Noaea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, Caeii
iea a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea e aeaaioth i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io ?aaeecaoeee
caueou oicyenoaaiiuo i?aa.
Iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi i?aainoauaeoiinoue e eiiiaoaioeey
?aaeiiia naaiaeiy ii?aaeaeyaony ia?yaeo n iacaaiiuie caeiiaie oaeaea
Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 22 ieoya?y 1993 aiaea ? 1723
i?aaiecaoeee e aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e?aaa,
iaeanoae, ai?iaeia oaaea?aeueiiai cia/aiey, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aa-
oiiiiiuo ie?oaia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia ia?eiae iiyoaiiie eii-
noeoooeeiiiie ?aoi?iu. Yoei Oeacii iiaeoaa?aeaeaii oaeaea, /oi
iacaaiiua caeiiu i?eiaiythony a /anoe, ia i?ioeai?a/auae ianoi-
yuaio Oeaco (no. 2).
Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 26 ieoya?y 1993 aiaea ? 1760 (*6) onoa-
iiaeaii, /oi Caeii ?O i?eiaiyaony a /anoe, ia i?ioeai?a/auae ianoiyuaio
Oeaco, /oi ooieoeee ai?iaeneeo e ?aeiiiuo Niaaoia auiieiyao ni-
ioaaonoaothuay ianoiay aaeieieno?aoeey.
Neaaeoao oaeaea eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?a-
ceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1993 aiaea ? 1598 (*1) iiaeoaa?aeaeaii aeaenoaea anao caeiiia ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee, i?eiyouo aei 21 naioya?y 1993 aiaea.
Iniai iaaaaeeo neacaoue i oaeeo caeiiao, eae Iniiau a?aaeaeaineiai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NNN? e ?anioaeee e AE ?NON?, eioi?ua
i?eiaiythony ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee n iaiai?eaie,
naeaeaiiuie a iinoaiiaeaiee Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie oaaea?a-
oeee io 14 ethey 1992 aiaea ? 3301-2 . (*2) A
yoeo caeiiao ?aaeaiaioe?othony o?aaeeoeeiiii ii aeoaeenoe/aneie ii-
aeaee ioiioaiey a iaeanoe oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai iai?ioa.
4. Oeacu I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ninoaaeytho aieueoie
iannea ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia, ?aaoee?othueo oicyenoaaiiua ioiioa-
iey. A niioaaonoaee ni no. 90 Eiinoeoooeee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
oeacu I?aceaeaioa ia iiaoo i?ioeai?a/eoue Eiinoeoooeee e Oaaea-
?aeueiui caeiiai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.A neo/aa eo i?ioeai?a/ey
aeaenoaoao ii?ia Eiinoeoooeee, caeiia ?inneeneee Oaaea?aoeee.
Oeacu eae n?aaenoai ?aaoee?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee
i?eiaiythony a neeo yoiai i?e i?iaaeueiinoe a ?aoaiee caeiiii oao
eee eiuo aii?inia eee i?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe iia?aoeaiiai ?acaeoey
caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo ?aoaiee.
Oaeiau, iai?eia?, Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea (*3), Oeac io 30
aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea (*5), Oeac io 16 oaa?aey 1992 aiaea (*6).
Iaaei oai ia iaiaa ioiaoeoue, /oi a ia?eiae i?iaaaeaiey ?aoi?iu
i?aceaeaioneea Oeacu eniieueciaaeenue ia oieueei a aeiiieiaiea e
?acaeoea caeiiia, ii ia?aaeei aeaaea aii?aee Eiinoeoooeee ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee. A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii i?eaanoe Oeac I?aceaeaioa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeeeio 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea ?323 (*1), a eioi?ii
aii?aee no. 12 aeaenoaiaaaoae oiaaea Eiinoeoooeee ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee auea iaia/aia oe?ieay i?eaaoecaoeey caiaeue, aeeth/aiea
eo a iai?io /a?ac caeia, iaiai caiaeueiuo iaaa, naea/a a a?aiaeo oaea
ia aeanoueth aini?aaiia, a a?aaeaeai, i?iaeaaea caiaeue a?aaeaeaiai e
th?eaee/aneei eeoeai. Oeac e oiio aea, ia n/eoaynue n aieae nianoaai-
ieeia eieoicia, aeae?aoe?iaae i?aia?aciaaiea eieeaeoeaiie oi?iu
nianoaaiiinoe a /anoioth, canoaaeyao eieoicu auaeaeyoue caiaeueiua
e eiouanoaaiiua iae /eaiai eieoicia e auaoei eieoicieeai.
5. A i?aeoeea ?aaoee?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee ano?a-
/aeenue iinoaiiaeaiey Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Oaeea iinoaiiaeaiey iie?aeenue ia no. 113 ?aaeaiaioa Aa?oiaiiai
Niaaoa ?NON?. A niioaaonoaee n yoie ii?iie a oeaeyo inouanoaeaiey
?anii?yaeeoaeueiuo e eiio?ieueiuo iieiiii/ee Aa?oiaiue Niaao
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aue ai?aaa i?eieiaoue e iinoaiiaeaiey.
Ianeieueei oi/ii caeanue auaea?aeeaaeanue iaia/aiiay ?aaeaiaioii
eiiiaoaioeey, i?iaiaeeeinue ?aca?aie/aiea iaaeaeo caeiiiaeaoaeueiui
?ac?aoaieai aii?ina e iooai i?eiyoey iinoaiiaeaiee? Ioaaoeoue
ia yoio aii?in aeinoaoi/ii neiaeii. Iaeiaei, a iaeanoe oicyenoaaiiuo
ioiioaiee oaeea iinoaiiaeaiey iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue a ea/anoaa
enoi/ieeia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
I?eia?ii aeoia oaeiai ?iaea iiaoo neoaeeoue iinoaiiaeaiea io 30
ia?oa 1992 aiaea (*2), iinoaiiaeaiea io 4 ai?aey 1992 a.
(*4), iinoaiiaeaiea io 13 oaa?aey 1992 aiaea, oo-
aa?aeeaoaa Iieiaeaiea i /aeao (*5), e ae?oaea.
6. Iinoaiiaeaiey I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, ecaeai-
iua a niioaaonoaee n aai eiiiaoaioeeae, oaeaea yaeythony enoi/ieeaie
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Aeou i?aaeoaeuenoaa a oi/iii niunea eo
?aaoeyoeaiuo aiciiaeiinoae aeieaeiu ecaeaaaoueny a ?acaeoea e en-
iieiaiea caeiiia, O?oaeii neacaoue, auaea?aeeaaaony ee naaiaeiy i?a-
aeoaeuenoaii yoi iieiaeaiea. Iai?eia?, aieueoeinoai aeoia i noaoona
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia i?eiyoi ia o?iaia caeiiia. Ii oai ia
iaiaa noaoon oaeiai aaaeiaeoaai oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, eae ae-
oeeiia?iia iauanoai ii?aaeaeyao Iieiaeaiea ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauan-
(**1) AAN, 1992, ?1, no. 53.
(**2) AAN. 1992, ? 15, no. 804.
(**3) AAN, 1992, ? 16. no. 843.
(**4) AAN, 1992, ? 30. no. 1791.
(**5) AAN, 1992, ? 24, no. 1283.
!!30
oaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io
25 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea (*1).
Iieiaeaiea i auionea e ia?auaiee oeaiiuo aoiaa e oiiaeiauo
ae?aeao a ?NON? ooaa?aeaeaii iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?NON?
io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea (*2). Iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON?
io 18 ethey 1991 aiaea ? 406 (*3) noi?ioee?iaai noaooa iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee.
A yoii niunea aieaa iainiiaaiii iiyaeaiea a ?yaeo aeoia-ii?i
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iinoaiiaeaiey i?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee io 5 aaaonoa 1992 aiaea, ooaa?aeeaoaa Iieiaeaiea (*4), iinoaiiaeaiey i?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee io 25 iiya?y 1993 aiaea ? 1233 (*5).
7. A ?yaeo enoi/ieeia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa noiyo aeou ieien-
oa?noa e aaaeiinoa, i?eiyoua a niioaaonoaee n eo eiiiaoaioeeae.
N?aaee yoeo aeoia iaeaieueoaa cia/aiea eiatho aeou i?aaiia, aeae-
noaothueo iaiin?aaenoaaiii a yeiiiie/aneie noa?a. Yoi ieienoa?-
noai oeiainia ?O, ieienoa?noai aiaoiayeiiiie/aneeo naycae ?O,
ieienoa?noai yeiiiieee ?O, Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiieoao ii aioeii-
iiiieueiie iieeoeea e iiaeaea?aeea iiauo yeiiiie/aneeo no?oeoo?,
Oeaio?aeueiue Aaie ?innee e ae?oaea.
Iai?eia?, oaeie aaaeiaeoee aeo, eae Iieiaeaiea i aooaaeoa?neii
o/aoa e io/aoiinoe a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ooaa?aeaeaii i?eeacii
Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 20 ia?oa 1992 aiaea
? 10 (*6).
Ieienoa?noaii oeiainia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee 6 ethey 1992
aiaea ooaa?aeaeaia eino?oeoeey (*1).
8. Ianoiua i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey oaeaea iiaoo ecaeaaaoue
ii?iaoeaiua aeou oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaiai niaea?aeaiey, iie?aynue
ia Eiinoeoooeeth ?O, Caeii ?NON? io 4 ethey 1991 aiaea , Caeii ?O .
No. 73 Eiinoeoooeee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee i?aaeoniao?eaaao aic-
iiaeiinoe ?aaoee?iaaiey noauaeoaie ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee anao
ioiioaiee, iaoiaeyueony aia i?aaeaeia aaaeaiey, onoaiiaeaiiuo
no. 71-72. Yoe oeacaiey Iniiaiiai caeiia ?acaeou a oiiiyioouo
caeiiao i eiiiaoaioeee niioaaonoaothueo Niaaoia e ianoiie aaeie-
ieno?aoeee (no. 27, 45, 49-57 Caeiia ;
no. 18,38,39,60 e ae?. Caeiia ).
Iai?eia?, ?aeii ai?aaa ii?aaeaeeoue i?aaeea iieueciaaiey i?e-
?iaeiuie ?ano?naie, i?aaeea iieueciaaiey aiaeicaai?iuie nii?o-
aeaieyie, oneiaey e ii?yaeie ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee
ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee e ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa
(no. 55 i. 7, II, 16 Caeiia ), a
?aeiiiay aaeieieno?aoeey ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey i?iaaaeaiey ecun-
eaoaeueneeo ?aaio ia oa??eoi?ee ?aeiia (no. 60 i. 13 oiai aea
Caeiia).
I/aaeaeii, /oi aeaaiua ?aaoee?othuea aiciiaeiinoe oa??eoi?e-
aeueiuo ia?aciaaiee e eo i?aaiia naycaiu n i?aaii nianoaaiiinoe
ia i?eiaaeeaaeauea ei eiouanoaaiiua oiiaeu.
9. A nayce n eciaiaieai ooieoeee ainoaea?noaaiiiai a?aeo?aaea
e i?aia?aciaaieai aai a a?aeo?aaeiue noae ii iiaiio aeieaeai auoue
?aoai aii?in i ii?iaoeaiii oa?aeoa?a aeoia Aunoaai a?aeo?aaeiiai
noaea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
A niioaaonoaee ni no. 30 Caeiia
Aunoaai a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ?anniao?eaaao
iaiauaiiua iaoa?eaeu i?aeoeee i?eiaiaiey caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa a?-
aeo?aaeiuie noaeaie e aeaao a ii?yaeea noaeaaiiai oieeiaaiey ?oei-
aiaeyuea ?acuyniaiey ii aii?inai i?eiaiaiey caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa.
?acuyniaiey Ieaioia Aunoaai a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea ?NON? iayca-
oaeueiu aeey anae nenoaiu a?aeo?aaeiuo noaeia ?innee. ssaeythony yoe
?acuyniaiey enoi/ieeaie i?aaa?
(**1) OA. 1992. ?16.
!!32
I?e ?aoaiee aeaiiiai aii?ina, i/aaeaeii, iaaei enoiaeeoue ec aeaoo
niia?aaeaiee. I?aia?aciaaiea a?aeo?aaea a a?aeo?aaeiue noae icia-
/aao iooiae io i?aaenoaaeaiee ia a?aeo?aaea, eae ia i?aaia oi?aaeaiey,
iaaeaeaiiii a neeo yoiai i?aaii ?aaoee?iaaoue aeayoaeueiinoue i?aae-
i?eyoee, iniiaaiiuo ia ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe. I?aa?aua-
iea a?aeo?aaea a a?aeo?aaeiue noae icia/aao iiyaeaiea i?aaia i?a-
ainoaeey a noa?a yeiiiie/aneeo nii?ia, aaea aeaenoaotho oaea ia y/aeee
ainoaea?noaaiiiai ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, a naiua ?acee/iua noauaeou,
iniiaaiiua ia ?aciuo oi?iao nianoaaiiinoe. I?aaiu aea i?aainoaeey
ia iiaoo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaiaaoue. Eae ?aiaa iu ia i?eciaaaee ii?-
iioai?/aneie eiiiaoaioeee ca Aa?oiaiui Noaeii NNN?, oae ia
iiaeao eaeoe ?a/ue i i?eciaiee aiciiaeiinoae ii?iioai?/anoaa ca
Aunoei a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. Yoi i?ioeai-
?a/eei au oaeaea i?eioeeio ?acaeaeaiey caeiiiaeaoaeueiie, eniieie-
oaeueiie e noaeaaiie aeanoe, cae?aieaiiiio no. 10 Eiinoeoooeee ?in-
neeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Enoiaey ec yoiai ?acuyniaiey Ieaioia Aunoaai a?aeo?aaeiiai
noaea – ia enoi/iee i?aaa, a eeoue n?aaenoai onoaiiaeaiey aaeeiiia-
?aciiai iiieiaiey caeiiia oicyenoaaiiie noa?u. Iaiauay i?ae-
oeeo, Aunoee a?aeo?aaeiue noae ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ?ac?aaaou-
aaao e a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea aiineo i?aaeeiaeaiey ii niaa?oai-
noaiaaieth caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa (no. 32 Caeiia
2. I?iaeaiu nenoaiaoecaoeee oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
1. Iiiaiia?acea ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia, ecaeaaaaiuo a iaeanoe oi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, aieueoia /enei i?aaiia, eiathueo i?aai
ecaeaaaoue ii?iaoeaiua aeou a yoie iaeanoe, nicaeatho ia?iiiue iannea
ianenoaiaoece?iaaiiuo e ia oii?yaei/aiiuo aeoia. A iniiaa yoiai
ianneaa iao nenoaiiia?acothuaai aeoa. Ii iaiaoiaeei aeey oiai,
/oiau:
a) naeaeaoue caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai yoie noa?u iaic?eiui e oaeiaiui
aeey i?aeoe/aneiai i?eiaiaiey;
a) nicaeaoue no?ieioth e acaeiioaycaiioth ea?a?oeth aeoia, a ei-
oi?ie iiaeii auei au, enoiaey ec iniiaiuo ?aoaiee, iieo/eoue oi/iua
aeaiiua ia ieii/aoaeueiii, aeaoaeueiii ?aoaiee aii?ina a iiaecaeiiiii
ii?ie?iaaiee;
a) a ea?a?oee ii?iaoeaiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey auaea?aeaoue o?aaiaa-
iey iineaaeiaaoaeueiiai niioaaonoaey aeoia ieaeanoiyuaai ?aiaa aeoai
auoanoiyueo i?aaiia;
a) ca n/ao nicaeaiey iauae /anoe oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
iaania/eoue ia oieueei aaeeinoai i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey a no ini-
aaiiuo ioaaoaeaieyo, ii e nyeiiiieoue ii?iioai?/aneee iaoa?eae,
!!33
a eioi?ii i?eioeeieaeueiua iieiaeaiey ia ioaeaeaeenue au a iiaoi?aiee
a eaaeaeii iiae?acaeaeaiee iniaaiiuo /anoae oicyenoaaiiiai caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaa.
2. Oaeea i?iaeaiu, anoanoaaiii, iiaoo auoue ?aoaiu oieueei ia
iniiaa eiaeeoeeaoeee oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, nicaeaiey Oi-
cyenoaaiiiai eiaeaena ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Iaaei o/anoue iiuo aannenoaiiiai, o?aaiaioa?iiai ?aaoee?iaa-
iey oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee a oneiaeyo aaeieieno?aoeaii-ei-
iaiaeiie nenoaiu. Iaiaic?eiue i?aaiaie eiiaeiia?ao aue iaia-
oiaeei oie nenoaia aeey ia?iiiie e iaei/iie ?aaeaiaioaoeee aea-
yoaeueiinoe caaiueaa, ooieoeeiie?othueo ia ia yeiiiie/aneie
(iaei yeiiiie/aneie), a ia aee?aeoeaiie aaca. A oi aea a?aiy
aee?aeoeaiia oi?aaeaiea eneeth/aei aaaaeaiea caeiiiinoe ii aa?-
oeeaee. Iii ia ioaeii auei aeanoaothuae ath?ie?aoee. Ocaea ca-
eiiiinoe o?aaiaaeanue eeoue a ai?eciioaeueiii acaeiiaeaenoaee
th?eaee/aneeo eeoe.
Naaiaeiy iao oao i?e/ei, eioi?ua aeaaaee au iniiaaiey ianoaeaaoue
ia aeoaeecia ?aaoee?iaaiey. Iaiaoiaeei aaeeiue iiaeoiae e oicyeno-
aiaaieth e a ai?eciioaeueiuo, e a aa?oeeaeueiuo ioiioaieyo aic-
aeaenoaey ainoaea?noaa ia ?uiie. Iiyoiio iaaei i?aiaeieaoue ianeaaeea
i?ioeiai a yoie iaeanoe e nin?aaeioi/eoue oneeey ia ia ?anuaieaiiii
a?aaeaeainei-aaeieieno?aoeaiii aa?eaioa ?aaoee?iaaiey, a ia nicaea-
iee aaeeiiai nenoaiiia?acothuaai aeoa. Iaaei o/eouaaoue, /oi a no?a-
iao NIA oaeie iiaeoiae e ?aaoee?iaaieth iaia/aaony. A /anoiinoe,
ia Oe?aeia aaaeoony ?aaiou ii iiaeaioiaea Oicyenoaaiiiai (oi?aiaiai)
eiaeaena.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Aeaeoa ia?a/aiue enoi/ieeia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
2. Eaeiaa ?ieue Eiinoeoooeee ?inneeneeie Oaaea?aoeee a oicye-
noaaiii-i?aaiaii ?aaoee?iaaiee?
3. ssaeythony ee aeou Ieaioia Aunoaai a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea
enoi/ieeaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ? Eaeia cia/aiea iie eiatho?
4. Eaeiaa ?ieue Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca
NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee a ea/anoaa enoi/ieea oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa?
5. A /ai ninoiyo i?iaeaiu nenoaiaoecaoeee oicyeonoaaiiiai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa?
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Oaia III. Oicyenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea
1. Iiiyoea e aeaeu oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee
1. O ?aaoee?iaaiiua ii?iaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ioiioaiey,
aicieeathuea a i?ioeanna inouanoaeaiey i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aea-
yoaeueiinoe, a oaeaea aneaaenoaea ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia
o/anoieeia ?uiea, eioi?ua naycaiu acaeiiuie i?aaaie e iay-
caiiinoyie, yaeythony oicyenoaaiiuie i?aaiioiioaieyie. Iie
i?aaenoaaeytho niaie i?aaiaoth naycue iaaeaeo noauaeoaie, niaea?aeaiea
eioi?ie ninoaaeytho noauaeoeaiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe. Oaeea i?a-
aiioiioaiey neeaaeuaathony ii iiaiaeo aauae, aeaenoaee e ae?oaeo
iauaeoia.
I?aaiioiioaiey eaaeaeie io?anee i?aaa eiatho naieo noauaeoia,
niaoeeoe/aneea iauaeou e auaeaeythueany ii naiaio niaea?aeaieth
e eiino?oeoeee noauaeoeaiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe. Enoiaey ec
yoiai, iaoea i?aaenoieo auyaeoue ana yoe eaoaai?ee, aeaoue ei iaae-
eaaeauoth eaaeeoeeaoeeth n oeaeueth oi/iiai onoaiiaeaiey niunea
e niaea?aeaiey i?aaiaiai acaeiiaeaenoaey o/anoieeia yeiiiie/an-
eiai iai?ioa.
2. Iineieueeo ana oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey neeaaeuaathony
ia noaaeeyo aini?iecaiaenoaaiiuo i?ioeannia eee i?e aicaeaenoaee ia
ieo ainoaea?noaa, niune ethaiai ec ieo, eo yeiiiie/aneay nouiinoue
iiaeao auoue iiiyoa e ioeaiaia ii ianoo a aini?iecaiaenoaa (i?iec-
aiaenoai, iaiai, ?ani?aaeaeaiea, iio?aaeaiea) e a caaeneiinoe io
oa?aeoa?a i?eiaiyaiiai ainoaea?noaii ?aaoee?iaaiey. E i?eia?o,
iaycaoaeuenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea naycaii ni noaaeeae iaiaia, i?a-
aiaie ?aaeei eiouanoaa a aieueoae noaiaie ioiineony e noaaeee
i?iecaiaenoaa, oeiainiaua ioiioaiey caaiueaa ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa
ai iiiaii au?aaeatho ioiioaiey ?ani?aaeaeaiey e o.ae. Iaeiaei, a
nenoaia neiaeiuo naycae aini?iecaiaenoaa i?aaiaua oi?iu iiaoo
iineoue e ioiineoaeueii naiinoiyoaeueiue oa?aeoa?, io?aaeaoue iaeiia-
?aiaiii ianeieueei aai noaaeee, iaoiaeeoueny ia eo nouea. Ana yoi
eiaao cia/aiea i?e eco/aiee niunea eiie?aoiuo i?aaiioiioaiee,
eo th?eaee/aneeo e yeiiiie/aneeo oeaeae. Iai?eia?, aeiaiai? i?aae-
i?eyoee iiaeao auoue iai?aaeai ia ia?aaea/o eiouanoaa a nianoaai-
iinoue eee a iieiia oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea, ioiinynue oai naiui e
noa?a oiaa?iiai iaiaia. Ii aeiaiai? iiaeao ioaaouaaoue e i?ioeann
i?iecaiaenoaa, eiaaea ii caeeth/aaony a oeaeyo niaianoiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe. Aeiaiai? iiaeao iiin?aaeiaaoue iaeiia?aiaiii i?ioeannu i?iec-
aiaenoaa, iaiaia e ?ani?aaeaeaiey, eiaaea ii caeeth/aaony i?aaiaie
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ianoiie aaeieieno?aoeee n i?aaei?eyoeyie a oeaeyo iaania/aiey eii-
ieaeniiai yeiiiie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey oa??eoi?ee e
iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe oicyenoaiaaiey, a oeaeyo ?aaeecaoeee
?ac?aaioaiiuo ath ia?.
A eaeii i?aaiioiioaiee e n eai iaoiaeeony i?aaei?eyoea, ?aa-
eecothuaa iaycaiiinoue aanoe iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii aooaaeoa?neee
o/ao, ioiineoue ia naaanoieiinoue cao?aou a niioaaonoaee n onoaiia-
eaiiui ii?yaeeii?
Anee ia i?eiyoue caeanue eiino?oeoeee aaniethoiiai i?aaiioiioaiey,
a eioi?ii i?aaei?eyoea aunooiaao noauaeoii i?aaa ia aaaeaiea naiae
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii-
?yaeea, ia anooiay ie a eaeea eiie?aoiua i?aaiaua nayce, oi aoaeao
oo?a/aia eaaeeoeeaoeey aeaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eae i?aaiaie, caoai-
iaia i?aaiaay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee.
A ii?aaeaeaiee nouanoaa i?aaiioiioaiee, eo niaea?aeaiey anaa-
aea aeieaeia o/eouaaoueny aai yeiiiie/aneay iniiaa. Iiaeaeoe, a
io?anee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa eae ie a eaeie eiie anaaaea iaia-
oiaeeii oi/ii ii?aaeaeyoue ?aaeueiia yeiiiie/aneia niaea?aeaiea
eiie?aoiiai i?aaiioiioaiey, aaeaeaaoii ia?aaiaeeoue aai ia ycue
i?aaa. Yoi o?aaiaaiea ia anaaaea auiieiyaony a i?aeoe/aneie, a
iiae/an e ii?iioai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe, aneaaenoaea /aai ?aaoee-
?iaaiea e ia aeaao aeaeaaiiai ?acoeueoaoa. Oae,
a ?aaoee?iaaiee ioiioaiee eiouanoaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe oacen
i aa iaioa?aoeiinoe iuoaeenue aeieaia a?aiy i?iaiaeeoue a aeeciue n
iiiiuueth ii?i, iiaaeaaaaoeo acuneeaaoue iaonoieee. Yoi ia aea-
aaei yooaeoa. Eeoue iinea oiai, eae auea caiouaia a aeaei eii-
no?oeoeey oic?an/aoiiai aeioiaea, a caoai e ia?auaiey acuneaiey
ia i?eaueue, inoathuothny o i?aaei?eyoey, iaoaieci ioaaonoaai-
iinoe noae aieaa aeaenoaaiiui.
Aeeeoaeueiia a?aiy, iai?eia?, n/eoaeinue, /oi aeey caueou eio-
uanoaaiiuo i?aa oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa aeinoaoi/ii oiai, /oiau
a?aeo?aae ?anniao?eaae aii?inu a noa?a ai?eciioaeueiiai oiaa?ii-
aeaiaaeiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey. Yoi ia aeaaaei caoeou i?aaai i?aaei?e-
yoee io aiaoaoaeuenoaa ii aa?oeeaee. Aaeaeo yoiai a?aieoeu caueou
i?aa auee ?anoe?aiu e ?ani?ino?aiaiu ia aa?oeeaeueiua ioiioaiey,
e a ianoiyuaa a?aiy oe?iei i?aaenoaaeaiu a A?aeo?aaeii-i?ioean-
noaeueiii eiaeaena ?O.
Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey niunea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey iaia-
oiaeeii o/eouaaoue e oa?aeoa? ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey oi-
cyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. A naiii aeaea, n eai naycai noauaeo
oicyenoaiaaiey, eiaaea ii iieo/aao aeanoiua oeacaiey io aioeii-
iiiieueiiai i?aaia, i?aaia oeaiiia?aciaaiey, Ainnoaiaea?oa e ae?.?
I?aaeeueii n/eoaoue, /oi yoe ioiioaiey aicieeatho aeey caueou ioa-
ee/iiai eioa?ana, e aeou aini?aaiia, caueuathuea yoio eioa?an,
!!36
onoaiaaeeaatho i?aaiioiioaiey aeaiiiai noauaeoa n ainoaea?noaii. A
neeo yoiai noaiiaeony iiiyoiui, ii/aio ioaaonoaaiiinoue, ianoo-
ieaoay a ?acoeueoaoa iaauiieiaiey oeacaiee aini?aaiia, onoaiaa-
eeaaaony ia?aae ainoaea?noaii, a i?eiaiyaiua ia?u eiouanoaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey icia/atho iaycaoaeuenoai aianoe noiiu oo?aoia a athae-
aeao.
3. Niaea?aeaiea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey ninoaaeytho noau-
aeoeaiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe aai o/anoieeia, ya-
eythueany ia?ie aiciiaeiiai eeai aeieaeiiai iiaaaeaiey. Aeey oyniaiey
eiino?oeoeee i?aaiioiioaiey a oai?ee a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa iau/ii
i?eaaaatho e aeaeaieth i?aa ia aaniethoiua e ioiineoaeueiua (*1). Yoi
aeaeaiea, ianiio?y ia aai ecaanoioth oneiaiinoue, oeaeaniia?acii en-
iieueciaaoue e a oai?ee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. A aaniethoiii i?aai-
ioiioaiee noauaeoo i?aaa i?ioeainoieo iaii?aaeaeaiiia eiee/anoai
iaycaiiuo eeoe n ianneaiie iaycaiiinoueth ia i?aiyonoaiaaoue ino-
uanoaeaieth i?aaa. Oaeiai i?aai i?aaei?eyoey ia aai i?iecaiaeno-
aaiiua oiiaeu. E /eneo aaniethoiuo neaaeoao ioianoe eiiiaoaioeeth
i?aaei?eyoey ia ooaa?aeaeaiea ieaia nianoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aa-
aeaiea aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa, oi?ie?iaaiea ?acoeueoaoia oicyenoaai-
iie aeayoaeueiinoe. E /eneo ioiineoaeueiuo ioiinyony i?aaa n ei?-
?aniiiaee?othuae ei iaycaiiinoueth, /aua anaai iieiaeeoaeueiiai oa-
?aeoa?a o ae?oaeo noauaeoia. Oaeiau i?aaiioiioaiey, aicieeathuea
ec aeiaiai?ia, ainoaea?noaaiiuo caeacia, aeoia oicyenoaaiiiai ?oei-
aiaenoaa.
4. A oicyenoaaiiii i?aaiioiioaiee o/anoaotho noauaeou, aaaeo-
uea i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue, ainoaea?noai e ?aaeiiu.
Iiae?iaii iu aoaeai aiai?eoue i ieo a oaia
O oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee eiathony niaoeeoe/aneea iau-
aeou:
1) aaue, a oii /enea aeaiueae e oeaiiua aoiaae;
2) aeaenoaey iaycaiiuo noauaeoia;
3) nianoaaiii aeayoaeueiinoue noauaeoa i?aaa;
4) iaeiouanoaaiiua aeaaa, eniieuecoaiua i?e aaaeaiee oicyeno-
aaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (oe?ia, oiaa?iue ciae, eiiia?/aneay oaeia
e ae?.).
Niia?acii yoei iauaeoai iiaeii ?acee/aoue neaaeothuea aeaeu
i?aaiioiioaiee:
– aauiua (aauiua aaniethoiua e aauiua aaniethoii-ioiine-
oaeueiua) ;
– iaycaoaeuenoaaiiua (ioiineoaeueiua i?aaiioiioaiey a eo /a-
ou?ao aeaeao n o/aoii noa?u i?eiaiaiey e o/anoaothueo noauaeoia);
(**1) Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai. *anoue 1. I., 1986, n. 78.
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– ii aaaeaieth nianoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (aaniethoiua i?aaiio-
iioaiey) ;
– iaeiouanoaaiiua (aaniethoiua i?aaiioiioaiey).
Oeaeaniia?acii, eae e a a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa (*1), enoiaey ec iauaeoa
i?aaiioiioaiey, ?acee/aoue aauiua e iaycaoaeuenoaaiiua i?aaa- E
/eneo ia?auo ioiinyony i?aai nianoaaiiinoe oicyenoaothueo noau-
aeoia, i?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, oicyenoaaiiiai aaaea-
iey a ioiioaiee cae?aieaiiiai ca ieie eiouanoaa. Yoi aeaeaiea
i?iaiaeeony n oi/ee c?aiey oiai, /oi yaeyaony iauaeoii oicyenoaai-
iiai i?aaiioiioaiey: aaue, eae iauaeou iaoa?eaeueiiai ie?a, eee
aeaenoaey iaycaiiuo eeoe, ia niaa?oaiea eioi?uo ai?aaa i?aoaiaei-
aaoue noauaeou i?aaa.
A?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaia aeaeaiea i?aaiioiioaiee ia aauiua e
iaycaoaeuenoaaiiua naycuaatho ni niiniaaie caueou i?aa eneaie
ia eno?aaiaaiee eiouanoaa ec /oaeiai iacaeiiiiai aeaaeaiey,
ono?aiaiey iiiao a iieueciaaiee e ?anii?yaeaiee eee iaycaoaeue-
noaaiiuie o?aaiaaieyie (iiioaeaeaiea e ?aaeueiiio eniieiaieth
iaycaoaeuenoaa eee aiciauaieth oauoeia). A oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa
aauiay e iaycaoaeuenoaaiiay caueoa i?aaa auaeyaeeo ianeieueei
eia/a.
Aeaei a oii, /oi a neeo i?aaeiaoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, nay-
caiiiai n ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a,
a iai ia iiaoo ?aaeaiaioe?iaaoueny iauea ioiioaiey ii io?aia
eiouanoaa aia yeiiiie/aneiai iai?ioa. Yoi icia/aao, /oi caueoa
ia iniiaa aeiaeeeaoeee ia ioiineony e oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaie.
Oaeea o?aaiaaiey
eeoe) aeieaeiu ?aaeeciauaaoueny a ?aieao a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa, ?a-
aoee?othuaai iau/iua eiouanoaaiiua ioiioaiey aia aini?iec-
aiaenoaaiiuo naycae. Iiyoiio, auaeaeyy a ea/anoaa aeaea aauiua
oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey, ia neaaeoao niaoeaaoue eo n aau-
iuie i?aaaie, io?aiyaiuie ii?iaie a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa. Aau-
iua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaa ?aaeecothony e io?aiythony a ?aieao
ioiioaiee i?e inouanoaeaiee aini?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
noauaeoia, iai?eia?, io aiaoaoaeuenoaa auoanoiyueo noauaeoia.
aeey aani?aiyonoaaiiiai inouanoaeaiey a oiaea oicyenoaaiiie aea-
yoaeueiinoe i?aa ia cae?aieaiiia eiouanoai. Oaeiaa caueoa io
iaiainiiaaiiiai ecuyoey eiouanoaa, aai ia?a?ani?aaeaeaiey au-
oanoiyuei caaiii, ainoaea?noaii e o.i.
Oi aea iaaeeaaeeo neacaoue e ia iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
Oieueei ioiioaiey, naycaiiua n inouanoaeaieai oicyenoaaiiie aea-
yoaeueiinoe iiaoo ninoaaeyoue i?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. I?e-
/eiaiea a?aaea, e i?eia?, iinoi?iiiei noauaeoii aia aii?iecaiae-
(**1) Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai *anoue 1. I.. 1986, n. 79.
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noaaiiie nayce n iei, aeieaeii ioaaouaaoueny a?aaeaeaineei i?aaii.
Ia ioiinyony e oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao e iaycaoaeuenoaa ec oae iacu-
aaaiiai iainiiaaoaeueiiai i?eia?aoaiey eee naa?aaeaiey eiouanoaa,
anee oieueei iii ia aicieeei ia aaca nouanoaiaaaoaai ?aiaa oicye-
noaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey. Iai?eia?, i?e ?anoi?aeaiee oicyeno-
aaiiiai aeiaiai?a noiia ia?aieao iaeiei i?aaei?eyoeai ae?oaiio aoaeao
?anniao?eaaoueny a ea/anoaa iauaeoa oicyenoaaiiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa.
I?inoia aea ia?a/eneaiea aeaiaa ii ioeaea iaeiei i?aaei?eyoeai
ae?oaiio ia ninoaaeo oicyenoaaiiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa. O?aaiaaiey i
aica?aoa iainiiaaoaeueii oiea/aiiiai aoaeoo eaaeeoeoee?iaaoueny ii
ae.42 AE ?O.
Iauaeoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey yaeyaony nianoaaiiay
aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaei?eyoey e i?aaei?eieiaoaey. Noauaeou oicyeno-
aiaaiey aaaeoo aa a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii e ana eiua eeoea ia
aeieaeiu i?aiyonoaiaaoue a aa inouanoaeaiee.
A ea/anoaa iauaeoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey aunooiatho
oaeaea e iaeiouanoaaiiua aeaaa: iaeiaiiaaiea (oe?ia) i?aaei?e-
yoey, oiaa?iue ciae, ciae ianeoaeeaaiey, iaeiaiiaaiea ianoa i?i-
enoiaeaeaiey oiaa?ia, eiiia?/aneay oaeia. Ii iiaiaeo yoeo iauaeoia
neeaaeuaathony aaniethoiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey. Ieeoi,
e?iia noauaeoa – iineoaey yoeo i?aa aac aai ?ac?aoaiey ia iiaeao
ainiieueciaaoueny iaeiaiiaaieai i?aaei?eyoey, oiaa?iui ciaeii e
ciaeii ianeoaeeaaiey, iaiyoue iaeiaiiaaiea ianoa i?ienoiaeaeaiey
oiaa?a, i?eia?aoaoue eioi?iaoeeth, ninoaaeythuoth eiiia?/aneoth
oaeio i?aaei?eyoey) e ?acaeaoaoue aa.
5. Iniiaaieai aicieeiiaaiey oicyenoaaiiuo i?aa e iaycaiiin-
oae yaeythony th?eaee/aneea oaeou. A eaaeaeie io?anee nouanoaoao
nenoaia oaeeo oaeoia. Anoue iia e a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa. Yoa io?aneue
ioaaouaaao naiei ?aaoee?iaaieai /aua anaai aeayoaeueiinoue. Iiyoiio
i?aaiii?iaeaeathueie oaeoaie i?aaenoatho i?aeiouanoaaiii aeaeno-
aey o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee. Niauoey ia ea?atho
caeanue nouanoaaiiie ?iee, iie ano?a/athony aeaaiui ia?acii a ea-
/anoaa i?aaieciaiythueo e i?aaii?ae?auathueo ianoiyoaeuenoa.
Neaaeai, noeoeeiua neeu i?e?iaeu iiaoo iiaeeyoue ia ioaaonoaaiiinoue
i?aaei?eyoey-aeieaeieea, nieceoue eeai aiana ono?aieoue aa. A onoa-
iiaeaiiuo caeiiii neo/ayo iie iiaoo aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia oa/aiea
eneiaie aeaaiinoe. I?aaiii?iaeaeathueie niauoeyie iiaoo auoue, ii-
aeaeoe) oieueei a ioiioaieyo no?aoiaaiey eiouanoaa e eiuo eioa-
?ania noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey.
Aeaenoaey o/anoieeia (i?aaiii?iaeaeathuea, eciaiythuea e i?a-
e?auathuea) iiae?acaeaeytho oaeaea ia i?aaiia?iua e iai?aaiia?iua.
Iai?eia?, oeacaiey i?aaia ainoaea?noaa, aeaiiua n i?aauoaieai
eiiiaoaioeee, aeieaeiu auoue ioianaiu e /eneo iai?aaiia?iuo aeae-
noaee.
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I?aaiia?iua aeaenoaey eeanneoeoee?otho ia aeou-i?aaeienaiey,
aeou-niaeaoaiey (aeiaiai?u), aeou-?ac?aoaiey e aeou iaeiinoi-
?iiiaai oa?aeoa?a. E /eneo ia?auo ioiinyony, iai?eia?, aeou
aioeiiiiiieueiiai oa?aeoa?a, cai?auaiey, i?aaeienaiey i i?ae?a-
uaiee ia?ooaiee. E aeoai-niaeaoaieyi ioiinyony oicyenoaaiiua
aeiaiai?u i?aaei?eyoee, i?eiyoea e eniieiaieth caeacia. E aeoai
o?aoueaai aeaea ioiinyony eeoeaicee-?ac?aoaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo
i?aaiia ia niioaaonoaothuoth aeayoaeueiinoue. A iaeiinoi?iiiai ii-
?yaeea niaa?oathony aeaenoaey ii eniieiaieth iaycaoaeuenoa, i?eia-
iythony ia?u iia?aoeaiiai aicaeaenoaey (iai?eia?, ia?aaiae ia
i?aaeiieaoo, ia aee?aaeeoeaioth oi?io ?an/aoia). A ?acoeueoaoa
iaeiinoi?iiiaai aeoa-cayaeaiey i?eiaiyaony a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii
eneiaay aeaaiinoue.
TH?eaee/aneea oaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iaiaoiaeeii ioee/aoue
io oneiaee (i?aaeiinueie) eo aicieeiiaaiey. Aeaei a oii, /oi
iiiaea aeaenoaey i?eia?aoatho th?eaee/aneia cia/aiea eeoue i?e
niaethaeaiee ii?aaeaeaiiuo a caeiia oneiaee. Oae, iaiaoiaeeiui
oneiaeai i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?eyoey aei aeaeaa?y 1993 aiaea yaeyeinue
?aoaiea iauaai nia?aiey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa. Iii iaoneaaee-
aaei aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue aeoa i i?ae?auaiee i?aaei?eyoey, ii ia-
iin?aaenoaaiii a ninoaa th?eaee/aneeo oaeoia oaeia ?aoaiea ia
aoiaeeei.
Ninoaau th?eaee/aneeo oaeoia, oi anoue iaiaoiaeeioth ii caeiio
eo niaieoiiinoue, ninoaaeytho ianeieueei aeaenoaee o/anoieeia oicye-
noaaiiuo ioiioaiee, a a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo a ninoaa iiaoo
aoiaeeoue e niauoey. Iai?eia?, iaycaoaeuenoai eaieoaeueiiai no?ie-
oaeuenoaa iaaeaeo caeac/eeii e iiae?yae/eeii aicieeaao i?e iaee/ee
?yaea ae?oaeo iniiaaiee (aeo ia ioaiaea caiee, iaee/ea o caeac/eea
i?iaeoa) e aeiaiai?a, eioi?ua ana aianoa e ii?iaeaeatho aeaiiia i?a-
aiioiioaiea.
6. Caeiiiinoue aeaenoaee o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee
ii?aaeaeyaony iaiin?aaenoaaiii ii eo niioaaonoaeth o?aaiaaieyi ca-
eiia. Aaaeiui i?e yoii yaeyaony iaee/ea iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee aeey
niaa?oaiey niioaaonoaothuaai aeaenoaey. Iacaeiiiui aoaeao, e i?e-
ia?o, aeo i?aaei?eyoey i i?iaeaaea oiaa?ia ca ?oaaae aac iieo/aiey
niioaaonoaothuae eeoeaicee. Iacaeiiia aeiau/a i?e?iaeiuo ?ano?nia
aac iieo/aiey niioaaonoaothuaai aeoa-ioaiaea. Oaeea aeaenoaey ia
ii?iaeaeatho th?eaee/aneeo iineaaenoaee, iie ie/oiaeiu.
E niaeaeaieth, a iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia ?ac?aaioai aua
a aeinoaoi/iie ia?a aii?in i caeiiiinoe th?eaee/aneeo oaeoia-aeae-
noaee. A cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie iu eniieuecoai iiea i?eiyoua a
a?aaeaeaineii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ii?iu i naeaeeao. Ii naeaeee, eae
ecaanoii, ioiinyony oieueei e /anoe yeiiiie/aneiai iai?ioa, e oiio
aea iie ioaaouaatho oieueei ai?eciioaeueiia acaeiiaeaenoaea i?aae-
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i?eieiaoaeae. Aii?in aea i caeiiiinoe aeaenoaey a oicyenoaaiiii
i?aaa noieo aieaa oe?iei, eai caeanue th?eaee/aneeie oaeoaie au-
nooiatho e aeou-i?aaeienaiey, e aeou-?ac?aoaiey, e aiiaua aeou
noauaeoia, ia yaeythueony th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie. Iiyoiio aii?inu
i th?eaee/aneeo oaeoao ?inneeneiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa aua aeaeoo
iao/iiai enneaaeiaaiey e caeiiiaeaoaeueiiai ?aoaiey. A ia?aii i?e-
aeeaeaiee iu ana-oaee iiaeai naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi oicyenoaaiiia
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia ciaao eiuo iineaaenoaee ianiaethaeaiey o?aai-
aaiee caeiia, e?iia eae ie/oiaeiinoue i?eiyouo n aai ia?ooaieai
aeoia.
7. ?anniao?eaay ?aaeueioth oeaiue oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee
ii eo eiino?oeoeee, iauaeoai e niaea?aeaieth, iiaeii auaeaeeoue oaeea
eo aeaeu:
1. Aaniethoiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey (ioiioaiey nianoaai-
iinoe);
2. Aaniethoii-ioiineoaeueiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey (iieiiai
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, a?aiaeu, iia?aoea-
iiai oi?aaeaiey);
3. Aaniethoiua ioiioaiey ii aaaeaieth nianoaaiiie oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe;
4. Ioiineoaeueiua iaycaoaeuenoaaiiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioii-
oaiey;
5. Iaeiouanoaaiiua aaniethoiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioa-
iey (i?aai ia oe?io, oiaa?iue ciae e ae?.).
2. Aaniethoiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey
1. Aeey aauiiai i?aaiioiioaiey oa?aeoa?ii, /oi noauaeo a iai
?aaeecoao i?aai ia eiouanoai a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii, ii?aaea-
eythuei aio ia?o aiciiaeiiai iiaaaeaiey ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaa-
ieth e ?anii?yaeaieth. Iauaeoii i?aaiioiioaiey, ii iiaiaeo ei-
oi?iai iii neeaaeuaaaony, aunooiaao aauue.
A oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa ?aaoee?oaiua aauiua ioiioaiey naycaiu
n i?iecaiaenoaii, iaiaiii, ?ani?aaeaeaieai e i?iecaiaenoaaiiui iio-
?aaeaieai. Aaeaeo yoiai iauaeoaie aauiuo i?aaiioiioaiee caeanue
aunooiaao oi, /oi o/anoaoao a yoeo aini?iecaiaenoaaiiuo i?ioeannao.
I?aaeiaou, neoaeauea oaeiaeaoai?aieth ee/iuo iio?aaiinoae aia
i?iecaiaenoaa, ia yaeythony iauaeoaie oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiauo aau-
iuo ioiioaiee. Iai?eia?, oiaa?u ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey, ?aaee-
coaiua i?aaei?eyoeyi oi?aiaee, aunooiatho eae iauaeou aauiuo
i?aa i?aaei?eyoee-ecaioiaeoaeae. ssaeythony iie oaeeie aea e a
ia?eiae iaoiaeaeaiey o i?aaei?eyoee oi?aiaee. Iaeiaei n iiiaioa
ia?aoiaea a nianoaaiiinoue a?aaeaeai oiaa?u noaiiayony iauaeoaie
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aauiuo a?aaeaeaineeo i?aa e ?aaoee?iaaiea aeaeueiaeoeo ioiioaiee
iaania/eaaaony oaea a?aaeaeaineei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
2. Aaniethoiui aauiui i?aaii, ia ei??aniiiaee?othuei ie n
iaeiei eiie?aoiui noauaeoii, yaeyaony i?aai nianoaaiiinoe. I?aai
nianoaaiiinoe aeaao aai noauaeoo aiciiaeiinoe aeaaeaiey, iieueciaaiey
e ?anii?yaeaiey eiouanoaii a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii. Yoi i?aai
eniieuecoaony aeey inouanoaeaiey oicyenoaiaaiey ia aaca nianoaai-
iiai eiouanoaa ainoaea?noaii, e?ayie, iaeanoyie, ?aeiiaie, ai?i-
aeaie, a oaeaea /anoiuie nianoaaiieeaie. A iaaieueoii iauaia ?a-
aeecoao naia i?aai nianoaaiiinoe aeey inouanoaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe e iauanoaaiiua i?aaiecaoeee a oeaeyo ?aaeecaoeee on-
oaaiuo caaea/, ii /aua anaai eae iio?aaeoaee i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio e
oneoa).
Ainoaea?noai (eee ?aaeii) eae nianoaaiiee ?aaeecoao naia i?aai
a oicyenoaiaaiee, eiaaea i?eieiaao ?aoathuea e ?anii?yaeeoaeueiua
(?ac?aoeoaeueiua) aeou a ioiioaiee iauaeoia nianoaaiiinoe, i
iai?aaeaiee eo ia oicyenoaaiiua oeaee. Oaeea ?aoaiey, eae iea-
iiaua aeou i no?ieoaeuenoaa aaaeiaeoeo ia?iaeiioicyenoaaiiuo
iauaeoia, i nicaeaiee iiauo iauaaeeiaiee eee i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oi-
cyenoaaiiuo eiiieaenia n aicaeaaeythueie eo i?aaiaie, i ia?a-
aea/a i?aaei?eyoee, iauaaeeiaiee, eo i?eaaoecaoeee – ana yoi aeae-
noaey ii ?aaeecaoeee i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe. Aoiaeyo ee iie a i?aaeiao
oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey? Iineieueeo yoe aeou eia-
tho i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oicyenoaaiiua oeaee e ii?iaeaeatho i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeueneea ioiioaiey, iie ioiinyony e oicyenoaaiiiio ?aao-
ee?iaaieth.
O/anoaotho a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo ia aaca nianoaaiiiai
eiouanoaa /anoiua nianoaaiieee – oece/aneea e th?eaee/aneea
eeoea. Iiae?iaii yoio aii?in aoaeao ?anniio?ai a 1 oaiu V.
3. Aaniethoii-ioiineoaeueiua aauiua i?aaiioiioaiey
1. E /eneo oaeeo i?aaiioiioaiee ioiinyony i?aai iieiiai
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, iia?aoeaiiai
oi?aaeaiey, iiaeeciaiiiai ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey, a?aiaeu e ae?oaea
i?aaa ia eiouanoai, iieo/aiiua io nianoaaiieeia aeey aaaeaiey
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Iie yaeythony aaniethoii-ioiineoaeueiuie, iioiio /oi noauaeo
oaeiai i?aaa ?aaeecoao naie aiciiaeiinoe aia acaeiiaeaenoaey n
ae?oaeie noauaeoaie, aeaaeaao, iieuecoaony e ?anii?yaeaaony eiouan-
oaii
nianoaaiieea, n eioi?ui ii ninoieo a ioiineoaeueiii i?aaiioiioa-
iee.
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I?aaiioiioaiey oaeiai ?iaea a nia?aiaiiie ?aaoee?iaaiee iiin-
?aaenoaotho i?aaeinoaaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioieoeeiaeueiiai eio-
uanoaa i?aaei?eyoeyi. Iie iieo/atho eiouanoai aeey aai ?aaeecaoeee
a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie eiieo?aioeee n oai, /oiau, eniieuecoy aaoi-
iiiioth iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiioth naiinoiyoaeueiinoue, iieo/eoue
iioeiaeueiua oeiainiai-oicyenoaaiiua ?acoeueoaou, iicaieythuea
?aioaaaeueii (n auaiaeie aeey ainoaea?noaa e ?aaeiia) aanoe aeaea a
nianoaaiiuo eioa?anao e eioa?anao nianoaaiieea.
2. Iauai oaeeo i?aa ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e ?anii?yaeaieth
i?aaeinoaaeaiiui ei eiouanoaii ?acee/ai. A?aieoeu i?aa iieiiai
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey aeanoei ii?aaeaeaiu caeiiii. A ioiioaiee
i?aa oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, a?aiaeu e ae?oaeo caaeneiuo io niano-
aaiieea i?aa iie ii?aaeaeaiu eiie?aoiuie niaeaoaieyie n niano-
aaiieeii. Iu ?anniio?ei yoe aii?inu a oaia . A aeaiiie oaia aaaeii io?aceoue, /oi
?anniao?eaaaiua i?aaiioiioaiey yaeythony iniiaiuie, ii?aaeaey-
thueie aeayoaeueiinoue noauaeoia caaeneiuo i?aa.
4. Aaniethoiua i?aaiioiioaiey ii iiaiaeo aaaeaiey
nianoaaiiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
1. Aeey oaeeo i?aaiioiioaiee oa?aeoa?ii oi, /oi iie neeaaeuaa-
thony ii iiaiaeo aaaeaiey nianoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Iineaaeiyy au-
nooiaao eae iauaeo i?aaiioiioaiey. Eiino?oeoeey aea i?aaiaie
nayce oaeiaa, /oi o noauaeoa, aaaeouaai oicyenoaiaaiea ii onoa-
iiaeaiiui caeiiai i?aaeeai, iao eiie?aoiuo iaycaiiuo eeoe. Ana
ae?oaea noauaeou iaycaiu n/eoaoueny n aiciiaeiinoueth aanoe i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue aeaiiui noauaeoii e ia i?aiyonoaiaaoue
aa ?aaeecaoeee, a a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo (iai?eia?, aaiee a
neeo no. 24 Caeiia ) – niaeaenoaiaaoue ae. Ia?a aiciiaeiiai iiaaaeaiey ii
aaaeaieth oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe i/a?/aia caeiiii.
A?aieoeu i?aaa i?aaei?eyoey ii aaaeaieth oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe ii?aaeaeaiu ae. IV Caeiia . Iie eiie?aoece?othony a ii?iaoeaiuo ae-
oao, iinayuaiiuo aa ioaeaeueiui noi?iiai. Enoiaeiui iieiaeaieai
aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee aeaiiiai i?aaa yaeyaony oeacaiea no. 21 Caeiia
i oii, /oi i?aaei?eyoea inouanoaeyao naith aeayoaeueiinoue ai anao
noa?ao e io?aneyo ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa e iiaeao aanoe ethaua aeaeu
aeayoaeueiinoe, ia cai?auaiiua caeiiii.
2. A aaniethoiii i?aaiioiioaiee i?aaei?eyoey aaaeoo naith aeay-
oaeueiinoue, ia anooiay a ioiioaiey n eai-eeai, anee aa ii?iaeueiia
oa/aiea ia i?a?aaony iiae aeeyieai o?aoueeo eeoe eee a ?acoeueoaoa
!!43
ia?ooaiey onoaiiaeaiiiai ii?yaeea aaaeaiey oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe
naiei noauaeoii i?aaa. A yoii neo/aa aaniethoiia i?aaiioiioaiea
i?aa?auaaony a ioiineoaeueiia: i?aaei?eyoea iieo/aao i?aai ono?a-
ieoue iacaeiiiia ia?ooaiea aai i?aaa, eeai, iaiai?io, iaycaii ii
o?aaiaaieth oiieiiii/aiiiai noauaeoa i?ae?aoeoue ia?ooaiea ca-
eiia, eee onoaiiaeaiiuo a?aieoe i?aaa.
Iai?eia?, a neo/aa ecaeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiii aeoa n
i?aauoaieai eiiiaoaioeee, i?aaei?eyoea eiaao i?aai o?aaiaaoue
i?eciaiey iaaeaenoaeoaeueiui oaeiai aeoa e aiciauaiey oauoeia
yoei i?aaiii (no. 20 i. 2 Caeiia ). E iaiai?io, anee i?aaei?eyoea ia?ooeo
onoaiiaeaiiua yeieiae/aneea ii?iu, ionooieo io onoaiiaeaiiuo
i?aaee ii oaoieea aaciianiinoe, ia?ooeo i?aaeea aaaeaiey e i?aae-
inoaaeaiey noaoenoe/aneie eee aooaaeoa?neie io/aoiinoe, eiiia-
oaioiua ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaiu iiaoo iio?aaiaaoue i?ana/aiey aei-
iouaiiuo ia?ooaiee e aiciauaiey oauoeia, ianooieaoeo aeey
ainoaea?noaa a oaeeo neo/ayo.
5. Ioiineoaeueiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey
1. I?aaiioiioaiey, a eioi?uo aeaa eiio?aaaioa naycaiu iaaeaeo
niaie i?aaaie e iaycaiiinoyie ano?a/athony /aua anaai a ea/anoaa
iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee. Iaeiaei, iaycaoaeuenoaaiiay
naycue aeieaeieea e e?aaeeoi?a – ia aaeeinoaaiiue aa?eaio ioiine-
oaeueiiai i?aaiioiioaiey.
Oai, aaea aeaa e aieaa o/anoieea oicyenoaiaaiey aeaenoaotho
niaeaniaaiii, inouanoaeyy niaianoioth aeayoaeueiinoue, iiaeii ae-
aeaoue ioiineoaeueiia i?aaiioiioaiea iniaiai ?iaea. A oiaa?euano-
aao, a aeiaiai?ao i niaianoiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, a
niaianoiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo n o/anoeai eiino?aiiiai eaieoaea i?a-
aiioiioaiey a?yae ee neaaeoao eiino?oe?iaaoue a ea/anoaa iayca-
oaeuenoaaiiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey aeieaeieea e e?aaeeoi?a. Eo o?oaeii
i?aaenoaaeyoue eae iau/ioth iaycaoaeuenoaaiioth naycue. Caeanue aeae-
noaotho niaeaniaaiii ia?oia?u, iinoaaeaoea ia?aae niaie caaea/o
aeinoe/ue iauaai oicyenoaaiiiai ?acoeueoaoa ia iniiaa neiaeaiey
nee e n?aaenoa.
Iiyoiio auei au i?aaeeueiaa n/eoaoue oaeea i?aaiioiioaiey
ioiineoaeueiuie, ii ia iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuie a o?aaeeoeeiiiii aeaea.
Iu iieaaaai, /oi a neeo neacaiiiai niaeaniaaiey oicyenoaaiiay
aeayoaeueiinoue a caaeaiiii noi?iiaie iai?aaeaiee aeieaeia eaaeeoe-
oee?iaaoueny a ea/anoaa ioiineoaeueiiai i?aaiioiioaiey iniaiai ?iaea:
noauaeou ia aaca caeeth/aiiiai aeiaiai?a aeaenoaotho niaeaniaaiii
(ioiineoaeueiay naycue), ii ia a ea/anoaa aeieaeieeia e e?aaeeoi?ia,
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a a ea/anoaa noauaeoia, iaycaaoeony niaianoii aeinoe/ue ii?aaeaeai-
iiai eie oicyenoaaiiiai ?acoeueoaoa.
2. A ioee/ea io ?anniio?aiiiai aauiiai i?aaiioiioaiey a iay-
caoaeuenoaa iaeei o/anoiee ai?aaa o?aaiaaoue io ae?oaiai niaa?oaiey
niioaaonoaothueo aeaenoaee. Iaycaiiue noauaeo aeieaeai eo auiie-
ieoue, oi anoue ia?aaeaoue eiouanoai: auiieieoue ?aaiou, ieacaoue oneoae.
A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo i?aeoe/anee ia ano?a/aaony iayca-
oaeuenoa n io?eoeaoaeueiui niaea?aeaieai. Oa?aeoa? acaeiiaeaenoaey
o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiiai iai?ioa ia i?aaeiieaaaao oaeeo ioiioa-
iee.
Iaycaoaeuenoaa a?aaeaeaineiai e oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa eiatho ?ac-
iue oa?aeoa? e noa?o i?eiaiaiey. A a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa iie iiin-
?aaenoaotho oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiue iai?io a i?ioeanna oaeiaeaoai?aiey
a?aaeaeaiaie naieo iio?aaiinoae. O/anoieeaie iaycaoaeuenoa a?aae-
aeaineiai i?aaa yaeythony a neeo yoiai a?aaeaeaia (eeai a?aaeaeaia e
th?eaee/aneea eeoea). A oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa a iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo
i?aaiioiioaieyo o/anoaotho ainoaea?noai, ?aaeiiu, i?aaei?eyoey e
eo iiae?acaeaeaiey, a oaeaea a?aaeaeaia. Iie iiin?aaenoaotho aanue ain-
i?iecaiaenoaaiiue yeiiiie/aneee iai?io, eae niaieoiiinoue ioii-
oaiee a i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa, iaiaia, ?ani?aaeaeaiey e i?iecaiae-
noaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey. Oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiue iai?io ninoaaeyao eeoue
/anoue yeiiiie/aneiai iai?ioa, oae eae aia aai niaa?oaaony ?aaee-
caoeey eiuo iaycaoaeuenoa e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?aae ainoaea?noaii.
Iai?eia?, a oaeie oi?ia ?aaeecoaony iai?aaeaiea ieaoaaeae a
athaeaeao e ec athaeaeaoa. Aia oaeiai iai?ioa inouanoaeyaony aioo?e-
oicyenoaaiiia acaeiiaeaenoaea e ia?auaiea iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiin-
oae, aia aai ?aaeecothony iae?inayce aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?e-
aeueiuo aaeeieoe iaaeaeo niaie e ainoaea?noaii. Iiyoiio eeoue a /anoe
oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey eniieuecothony eino?oiaiou o?a-
aeeoeeiiiiai oa?aeoa?a: th?eaee/aneia eeoei, aeaiaaeiua ?an/aou n ii-
iiuueth aaieianeeo n/aoia e ia?a/eneaiee. A iaycaoaeuenoaao iaoi-
aa?iiai oa?aeoa?a eniieuecothony eiua eino?oiaiou acaeiiaeaenoaey.
Caeanue iiaoo i?eiaiyoueny n?aaenoaa, iaania/eaathuea aioo?eoicye-
noaaiiia nio?oaeie/anoai, i?aaeoniao?eaaaiua a aeoao i?aaei?eyoee
e iauaaeeiaiee, i?aaeoniio?aiiua a aeiaiai?ao ?aaeiiia, a aeoao i
i?aaao i?aaiia oicyenoaaiiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa, ?aaeecothueo oicyeno-
aaiii-oi?aaeai/aneea iaycaoaeuenoaa.
3. Oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa a caaeneiinoe io oiai, eaeoth
noa?o acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iie ianeo-
aeeaatho, iiae?acaeaeythony ia /aou?a iniiaiuo aeaea:
1) oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneea;
2) aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua;
3) iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiua;
4) oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicenoaaiiua.
!!45
A oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a iao/iia iainiiaaiea iie-
o/eee ia?aua o?e aeaea oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaa (*1). A ioiioaiee
yoeo aeaeia i?eiaieoaeueii aua e aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiio ia-
oaiecio auee ?ac?aaioaiu iniiaaiey eo aicieeiiaaiey, niaea?aea-
iea, aeaeu. Iaiueoaio enneaaeiaaieth iiaeaa?any aii?in i oa??eoi?e-
aeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao (*2). Ainiiaenoaiaaaoaa aeieaia a?a-
iy i?aaenoaaeaiea ia iaycaoaeuenoaao, eae i?aaiaie oi?ia,
ianeoaeeaathuae eneeth/eoaeueii oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiue iai?io a ?aieao
o?aaeeoeeiiiiai iiieiaiey a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa, ia noeioee?iaaei
eco/aiea eiuo ioiineoaeueiuo i?aaiioiioaiee. Eeoue a oiaea ?ac-
?aaioee oicyenoaaiiie eiioeaioeee auyaeyeenue i?aaiaua oi?iu aca-
eiiaeaenoaey ?acee/iuo oicyenoaaiiuo ia?aciaaiee iiieii naeaeie
th?eaee/aneeo eeoe. A caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa yoe oi?iu iaia/aiu iiea
eiioo?ii. Iaoea i?aaenoieo aua aieueoay ?aaioa a yoii iai?aaeaiee
aeey oiai, /oiau yeiiiie/aneee iai?io iieo/ee oai?aoe/aneia iau-
yniaiea, a a oi?iu nio?oaeie/anoaa noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?a-
aa – ?acaa?iooia caeiiiaeaoaeueiia cae?aieaiea.
4. I?e ?anniio?aiee /aou?ao iniiaiuo aeaeia oicyenoaaiiuo
iaycaoaeuenoa iaiaoiaeeii oeacaoue oi iniaaiiia, /oi ioee/aao eo ae?oa
io ae?oaa. Iie iiaoo auoue auyaeaiu, anee a eaaeaeie ec /aou?ao a?oii
ia?aoeoue aieiaiea ia: a) iniiaaiey aicieeiiaaiey; a) o/anoieeia
iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee; a) eo niaea?aeaiea; a) enoi/ieee
i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey.
Yoi iicaieeo a naith i/a?aaeue oai, aaea iaiaoiaeeii, i?iaanoe
oaeoaeaiioth eeanneoeeaoeeth ?aciiaeaeiinoae iaycaoaeuenoa aioo?e
eaaeaeie a?oiiu a caaeneiinoe io iniaaiiinoae, iieo/eaoeo au?a-
aeaiea a oii eee eiii yeaiaioa i?aaiioiioaiey e enoi/ieeao
i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey.
5. Oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneea iaycaoaeuenoaa aicieeatho a ?a-
coeueoaoa aeoia ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia e aeiaiai?ia iaaeaeo aino-
aea?noaii, ?aaeiiaie e i?aaei?eyoeyie (iauaaeeiaieyie), a neiaeiuo
ia?aciaaieyo – iaaeaeo niiiae/eiaiiuie caaiueyie. Iai?eia?, oaeea
iaycaoaeuenoaa iiaoo aicieeaoue a neeo aeoa ia ooaa?aeaeaiee athaeaeaoa
i?e oeaio?aeeciaaiiii oeiaine?iaaiee eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa
(Oaaea?aoeee, ?anioaeeee, aoiaeyuae a Oaaea?aoeeth). Oiaaea e?aaeeoi?ii
noaiiaeony aae?anao oeiaine?iaaiey, a iaycaiiui noauaeoii – ai-
noaea?noai, a i?e oeiaine?iaaiee ec ianoiiai athaeaeaoa – ?aaeii.
A iauaaeeiaiee aeieaeieeii iiaeao yaeoueny i?aaei?eyoea, iaycaiiia
a neeo aeiaiai?a i nicaeaiee iauaaeeiaiey e oeaio?aeecaoeee ooieoeee
ia?aaeaaaoue n?aaenoaa ia niaea?aeaiea aiia?aoa iauaaeeiaiey, ia ?aa-
(**1) Oai/oe E.A.,Aoeii/eei A.I., Aaiaa O.A. Oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa.I.. 1970,
n 31-122.
(**2) Ni.: Ia?oaiueyiia A.N. Iauea iieiaeaiey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, n. 68.
!!46
eecaoeeth oeaio?aeeciaaiiuo ooieoeee. Iauaaeeiaiea niioaaonoaaiii
noaiao noauaeoii, iaycaiiui niaa?oeoue aeaenoaey, auoaeathuea ec
oeaio?aeecaoeee ooieoeee.
Oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneea iaycaoaeuenoaa iiaoo aicieeaoue e a
?acoeueoaoa aioeiiiiiieueiuo aeoia. A niioaaonoaee n ieie i?aaei?e-
yoea (iauaaeeiaiea) eee eiia caaii iaycoaony eciaieoue no?oeoo?o
i?iecaiaenoaa, ?acoe?oiieoue aai, a ainoaea?noai a eeoea eiiiaoaioiiai
i?aaia – o?aaiaaoue auiieiaiey aeaiiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa (*1). Eaeiau en-
oi/ieee i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey ioiioaiee oeacaiiiai oa?aeoa?a?
I?aaeaea anaai yoi caeii , i?aaeoniao?eaathuee iaycaoaeuenoaa i?aaei?eyoey
i?aaeinoaaeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiai eioi?iaoeee, iaiaoiaee-
iie aeey iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey e aaaeaiey iauaainoaea?noaaiiie nenoaiu
nai?a e ia?aaioee yeiiiie/aneie eioi?iaoeee (no. 28 caeiia). Yoi
caeii , a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui oicyenoaothuea
noauaeou iaycaiu eniieiyoue i?aaeienaiey aioeiiiiiieueiiai eiie-
oaoa i i?ae?auaiee ia?ooaiee aeaiiiai caeiia, i ainnoaiiaeaiee
iieiaeaiey, nouanoaiaaaoaai aei ia?ooaiey caeiia, i i?eioaeeoaeue-
iii ?acaeaeaiee, i ?anoi?aeaiee eee eciaiaiee aeiaiai?ia, i?ioe-
ai?a/aueo caeiio (no. 12). Yoi caeii
inouanoaeythuea eiaanoeoeeiiioth aeayoaeueiinoue, iaycaiu ii ?aoa-
ieyi i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, i?eiyoiio a
i?aaeaeao eo eiiiaoaioeee, i?eieiaoue o/anoea a i?aaeioa?auaiee e
eeeaeaeaoeee iineaaenoaee /?acau/aeiie neooaoeee, a iaania/aiee
ii?iaeueiuo oneiaee aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe ianaeaiey e ooieoeeiie-
?iaaiee ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa
niioaaonoaothueo iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia) i?aaei?eyoeyi e i?aaie-
caoeeyi ianoiue caeac a ?acia?a aei 5% iauaia i?iecaiaeeiie i?i-
aeoeoeee oiaa?ia e ieacuaaaiuo oneoa. Iaycaoaeuenoai aicieeaao a
neeo oaeiai caeaca.
6. Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa aicieeatho ii ai?ecii-
oaee iaaeaeo iiae?acaeaeaieyie i?aaei?eyoee, a oaeaea ii aa?oeeaee
(**1) No. 19 Caeiia .
!!47
iaaeaeo ieie e i?aaei?eyoeyie (iauaaeeiaieyie) a neeo aeoia oi-
cyenoaaiiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa ni noi?iiu i?aaei?eyoee a aae?an naieo
iiae?acaeaeaiee. A niioaaonoaee n eca?aiiui a eaaeaeii caaia ia?i-
aeiiai oicyenoaa ii?yaeeii ?aaeecaoeee aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa
iaycaoaeuenoaa iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny e ia iniiaa aeiaiai?ia. Iin-
eaaeiea iieo/eee iniaaiii aieueoia ?ani?ino?aiaiea aeey onoaiia-
eaiey aa?oeeaeueiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey caaiueaa ni naieie iiae?acaea-
eaieyie. Onoaiiaeaiea iiae?yaeiuo ioiioaiee n oeaoaie, o/anoie-
eaie, a?eaaaeaie, caaiueyie, a?aiaeiue iiae?yae – ana yoi ioiioaiey,
ioi?ieyaiua aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuie aeiaiai?aie, ii?iaeaeathueie
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa.
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua aeiaiai?u caeeth/athony e ii ai?eciioaee,
/aua iaaeaeo e?oiiuie iiae?acaeaeaieyie (iai?eia?, iainiaeaiiuie
iiae?acaeaeaieyie iauaaeeiaiey), ?aaea – iaaeaeo
aeaeaieyie.
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa ia eiatho oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiie
oi?iu, oi anoue acaeiiaeaenoaea noi?ii a ieo ia nii?iaiaeaeaaony
i?iecaiaenoaii oiaa?iie i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa) n iaiaiii aa ia
aeaiueae. A neeo yoiai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiia acaeiiaeaenoaea ia en-
iieuecoao oaeeo eino?oiaioia, eae ?aaeueiua ?an/aou e n/aoa a aaiea.
Yoe iaycaoaeuenoaa ?aaeecothony n iiiiuueth n?aaenoa aooaaeoa?neiai
o/aoa, ioaaouaathuaai ia?aiauaiea iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae, au-
iieiaiea ?aaio e ieacaiea oneoa.
Oai ia iaiaa aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue ?an/ao iie?aaony ia iauae-
oeaii nouanoaothuea oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiua ioiioaiey, aneaaenoaea /aai
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa ?aaeecothony anaaaea eae noie-
iinoiua. A ?yaea neo/aaa o/anoieee acaeiiaeaenoaotho ae?oa n ae?oaii
ii ?an/aoiui oeaiai, ooaa?aeaeaaiui i?aaei?eyoeai. A ae?oaeo neo/ayo
i?eiaiyaony /aeiaay nenoaia ?an/aoia. A o?aoueeo, – yoi iiaeao
iieo/eoue au?aaeaiea a iaoo?aeueii-noieiinoiii aeaea. Iaeiaei, ia-
caaeneii io yoiai iaycaoaeuenoaaiiay oi?ia anaaaea neoaeeo aioo?e-
oicyenoaaiiiio ?an/aoo, a iioiio eiaao noieiinoiia ecia?aiea.
Eaeiai niaea?aeaiea yoeo iaycaoaeuenoa? A aa?oeeaeueiuo iayca-
oaeuenoaao i?aaei?eyoee e eo iiae?acaeaeaiee oa?aeoa?ii ii?aaeaeaiea
aeey iiae?acaeaeaiey iieacaoaeae, eioi?uo iii aeieaeii aeinoe/ue, a aeey
ae?oaie noi?iiu — ii?aaeaeaiea iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey yoiai iaoa?eaeue-
ii-oeiainiauo i?aaeinoaaeaiee, iaania/aiey oneiaee aeey i?iecaiae-
noaa, o?iioa ?aaio, ii?yaeea acaeiiaeaenoaey n ae?oaeie o/anoieeaie
i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna. Iai?eia?, ca eieoiciie a?eaaaeie ca-
e?aieyaony ii?aaeaeaiiia eiee/anoai iaaoe. A?eaaaea iaycoaony naeaoue
i?iaeoeoeeth (oa?noue e iyni) ia ii?aaeaeaiioth noiio, a eieoic
iaycoaony iaania/eoue a?eaaaeo niioaaonoaothuei eiee/anoaii ei?iia.
Aiciaa?aaeaeaiea a?eaaaea eieoic iaycoaony auiea/eaaoue ii ii?iaoeao
oaeoe/anee iieo/aiiiai aaeiaiai aeioiaea. Oaeiai ?iaea iaycaoaeuenoaa,
!!48
iaoeaeaiiua ia iieacaoaeue aeioiaea, noeioee?otho aioecao?aoiia, yei-
iiiiia eniieueciaaiea ei?iia e iieo/aiea aieueoaai aeioiaea n iaiue-
oeie cao?aoaie.
Aeey ai?eciioaeueiuo iaycaoaeuenoa acaeiiaeaenoaothueo iiae?ac-
aeaeaiee, naycaiiuo aeaooaae?aniui ieaiiaui aeoii i?aaei?eyoey
eee aeiaiai?ii (eeai oai e ae?oaei iaeiia?aiaiii), oa?aeoa?iui
yaeyaony aeey iaeiie noi?iiu iaycaiiinoue ia?aaea/e i?iaeoeoeee, au-
iieiaiey ?aaio, ieacaiey oneoa a iieueco ae?oaie noi?iiu, a aeey
ae?oaie – iaania/aiea oneiaee aeey eo auiieiaiey. Acaeiiaeaenoaea
iiaeao auoue e acaeiiui. Iai?eia?, iaeei oeao i?aaei?eyoey acaiai
ia iieo/aiea oneoae ii ?aiiioo iai?oaeiaaiey iaycoaony ieacaoue
ae?oaiio eiua oneoae. Iacaaeneii io acaeiiinoe aeaiiiai iaycaoaeue-
noaa iii a ethaii neo/aa i?ieaeao oic?an/aoioth ioeaieo ii aooaae-
oa?neei aeaiiui i?aaei?eyoey. Iaycaoaeuenoaaiiay oi?ia caeanue oai
oniaoiaa neoaeeo oic?an/aoo, /ai eo/oa iinoaaeai o/ao aioo?ei-
?iecaiaenoaaiiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey.
Neaaeoao neacaoue, /oi i?e acaeiiaeaenoaee iainiaeaiiuo iiae?ac-
aeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee, iieo/eaoeo i?aai ioe?uoey oaeoueo e ?an-
/aoiuo n/aoia, iaycaoaeuenoaa iiaoo ?aaeeciaaoueny e iaiin?aaenoaaiii
a oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiie oi?ia.
Enoi/ieeaie i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey iaycaoaeuenoaaiiiai aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey yaeythony eieaeueiua ii?iaoeaiua
aeou i?aaei?eyoee, i?eieiaaiua a oeaeyo i?aaiecaoeee aioo?eoi-
cyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa.
7. Iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa iaaeaeo ianiiiae/e-
iaiiuie caaiueyie ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, o/anoaothueie a oiaa?ii-
aeaiaaeiuo ioiioaieyo, aicieeatho a neeo aeiaiai?a, eai iniiaiui
n?aaenoaii nio?oaeie/anoaa i?e yeiiiie/aneeo iaoiaeao oicyenoaiaa-
iey noae aeiaiai?. Ieaiiaua oaycee nio?oaeie/anoaa ano?a/athony
oieueei a iniauo neo/ayo, i?yii oeacaiiuo a caeiia. Ia iniiaa
ieaiiauo aeaooaae?aniuo caaeaiee ?aaeecothony a /anoiinoe o?ain-
ii?oiua iaycaoaeuenoaa ia?aaicee a?ocia, aaea o?ainii?oiay i?aaie-
caoeey iaycaia i?aaeinoaaeoue ii?aaeaeaiiia eiee/anoai ia?aaici/iuo
n?aaenoa, a a?ociioi?aaeoaeue – ii?aaeaeaiiue a?oc. Enoaoe, iainii-
aaiea yoeo iaycaiiinoae ieaiii iineo a ecaanoiie ia?a neiaiee-
/aneee oa?aeoa?, iineieueeo a iniiaa ieaia ia?aaicee eaaeao cayaee
a?ociioi?aaeoaeae, i?eiyoua o?ainii?oiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie, oi
anoue aeiaiai?iia ia/aei.
O/anoieeaie iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa yaeythony
i?aaei?eieiaoaee e i?aaei?eyoey-th?eaee/aneea eeoea. N th?eaee/aneie
ee/iinoueth e eino?oiaioaie oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai iai?ioa (?an/aoiue
e oaeouee n/aoa, ii?aaeaeaiiua ?an/aoiua oi?iu) naycaia aiciiae-
iinoue noauaeoia o/anoaiaaoue a iai naiinoiyoaeueii, eae oeao?, ya-
eythueony oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaeyie. Yoa /anoue yeiiiie/aneiai iai-
!!49
?ioa, iiin?aaeiaaiiay aeiaiai?aie e iaycaoaeuenoaaie n o/anoeai
e?aaeeoi?ia e aeieaeieeia, a iaeaieueoae noaiaie iniauaia i?aaiaui
?aaoee?iaaieai e ?acaeoui niiniaaie caueou. E ianoiyuaio a?a-
iaie /anoue i?aaiauo ii?i (iniiaiua iieiaeaiey e i?aaa e iaycai-
iinoe o/anoieeia) iaoiaeeony a Iniiaao a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaa e AE nithciuo ?anioaeee. Iaeioi?ua niaea?aeaony a ?aciuo
Iieiaeaieyo, I?aaeeao e eiuo aeoao.
N oi/ee c?aiey ?acaeoey caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa iaiaoeeanue ii?aaea-
eaiiay oaiaeaioeey e nicaeaieth iniaiai ianneaa ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia,
iinayuaiiuo oicyenoaaiiui aeiaiai?ai) oicyenoaaiiui iaycaoaeue-
noaai. Aeaaea a /anoe, eanathuaeny oicyenoaaiiiai iai?ioa a oiaa?-
ii-aeaiaaeiie oi?ia, ?acaeoea iniaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey aeaeaei ioii/-
eiaaeinue io Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e AE. Iiiaeo
aeiaiai?ia, oe?iei i?eiaiyaiuo ia i?aeoeea, a Iniiaao e AE iao.
Oa ec ieo, eioi?ua eiathony a ieo, nio?aieeenue a ea/anoaa naiuo
iaueo aano?aeoeee, ia ?aaioathueo ia i?aeoeea. Caaea/e eiioeaio-
?aoeee ?aaoee?iaaiey anao iaycaoaeuenoa n iiae/eiaieai eo aeaenoaeth
aaeeiuo i?eioeeiia, n iaania/aieai i?aaiii?yaeea ia anao noaaeeyo
eo aicieeiiaaiey e ?aaeecaoeee, n /aoeie ?aaeaiaioaoeeae acaeii-
aeaenoaey o/anoieeia iaycaoaeuenoa ia anao o?iaiyo o?aaotho nicaeaiey
a Oicyenoaaiiii eiaeaena ?O (eee eiii iaiauathuai aeoa oaeiai
oeia) ?acaeaea
eaaeiaaoaeueii e anaiauaiethua ?aoaiu ana yoe aii?inu.
8. Oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa eae ioiioa-
iey oa??eoi?eaeueiuo noauaeoia (?anioaeeee eee ?aaeiiu ai aeaaa
n niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiii aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey) iaaeaeo niaie e n
i?aaei?eyoeyie. Yoi iaycaoaeuenoaaiiua ioiioaiee
Caaea/e eiiieaeniiai e yooaeoeaiiai ?acaeoey oicyenoaa iaaic-
iiaeii ?ac?aoeoue iuia, ia iaania/ea nio?oaeie/anoaa io?aneaauo
caaiueaa e oa??eoi?eaeueiuo aaeeieoe. Eiiiaoaioeey ianoiuo i?aaiia
aeanoe a iaania/aiee eiiieaeniiai ?aoaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe ia naiae oa??eoi?ee ?anoe?yaony.
Io niaeaniaaiiiai ii?yaeea ieaie?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe caaiueaa ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, aeaenoaothueo ia oa??eoi?ee
aicaeaaeyaiie niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiii ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoue
(eioi?ue a i?eioeeia iiaeii n/eoaoue e aeiaiai?iui), aaea ianoiuo
i?aaiii aeanoe i?aaeinoaaeyeanue ia?aiia/aeueii niaauaoaeueiay ?ieue
n iaycaoaeueiui
caeiiiaeaoaeue ia?aoae e eiiio iino?iaieth iniiaaiee oa??eoi?e-
aeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa. Ianoiui i?aaiai aeanoe ioai-
aeeeanue ana aieaa aeoeaiay ?ieue a i?aaiecaoeee acaeiiaeaenoaey n
io?aneaauie caaiueyie ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa e a ?yaea neo/aaa iie
iieo/aee aeaaea i?aai aee?aeoeaii onoaiaaeeaaoue caaeaiey i?aaei?e-
!!50
yoeyi, a ii aii?inai, cao?aaeaathuei yeieiae/aneea, aeaiia?aoe-
/aneea e eiua eioa?anu ianaeaiey oa??eoi?ee, i?aaei?eyoey iaycaiu
niaeaniauaaoue n ieie naie ieaiu. Aaeieieno?aoeey ?aaeiiia ai?aaa
cai?auaoue aaaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe, i?ioeai?a/auae oaeei eioa?anai
(no. 55 i. 15, 49 i. 13, 56 i. 2, 50 i. 2 Caeiia ) .
A niaea?aeaiee aeayoaeueiinoe ?aaeiiia aeeth/aaony iuia eiiia-
oaioeey, ioaaouaathuay ia oieueei nioeeaeueii-eoeueoo?ioth noa?o, ii
e i?iecaiaenoaaiii-yeiiiie/aneoth. Iniaaiii aaaeiie noaea yoa aea-
yoaeueiinoue iinea oiai, eae oa??eoi?ee auee iaaeaeaiu nianoaaiiui
eiouanoaii.
A ?aaioa ii eiiieaeniiio yeiiiie/aneiio e nioeeaeueiiio ?ac-
aeoeth oa??eoi?ee i?aaei?eyoea o/anoaoao ia aeia?iaieueiie aeiaiai?-
iie iniiaa (no. 57 i. 7, 50 i. 9 Caeiia ).
Ia no?iai aeia?iaieueiie iniiaa eiaao i?aai i?aaei?eyoea i?eieiaoue
o/anoea a oi?ie?iaaiee aiaathaeaeaoiuo oeaeaauo oeiainiauo oiiaeia
?anioaeee e ?aaeiiia (no. 47, i. 1 Caeiia ).
Oaeei ia?acii, oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa
eiatho iniiaaieai aicieeiiaaiey aeo i?aaia aeanoe a neo/ayo,
i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii, e aeiaiai? – ai anao inoaeueiuo
neo/ayo.
Eaeiai niaea?aeaiea oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iayca-
oaeuenoa? A niioaaonoaee n caaeaieai eee aeiaiai?ii, caeeth/aiiui
ianoiui i?aaiii aeanoe eee oi?aaeaiey n i?aaei?eyoeai, niioaao-
noaothuaa i?aaei?eyoea iaycoaony i?iecaanoe aeey aeaiiie aaeieien-
o?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiie aaeeieoeu niioaaonoaothuaa eiee/anoai
i?iaeoeoeee, oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey, ieacaoue ii?aaeaeaiiue
iauai oneoa ianaeaieth, iino?ieoue nioeeaeueii-eoeueoo?iua iauaeou,
nicaeaoue ?aai/ea ianoa, iiauneoue yooaeoeaiinoue ?aaiou ca n/ao
auiieiaiey i?eiyouo ia?ii?eyoee (ii eiiia?aoeee n ae?oaeie i?aae-
i?eyoeyie. nicaeaieth niaianoiuo iauaeoia i?iecaiaenoaaiiie eio-
?ano?oeoo?u, inouanoaeaieth yeiiiiee iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa, ?a-
no?nia, ?anoe?aieth eniieueciaaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiuiinoae e
ae?.), a niioaaonoaothuay aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiay aaeeieoea
eiaao i?aai o?aaiaaoue auiieiaiey yoeo iaycaoaeuenoa e a naith
i/a?aaeue iaycoaony niaeaenoaiaaoue ae?oaie noi?iia a ?aoaiee yoeo
aii?inia, a oaeaea oeiaine?iaaoue i?iaaaeaiea niioaaonoaothueo ia-
?ii?eyoee.
Yoe iaycaoaeuenoaa ia anaaaea eiatho oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeioth oi?io,
ii iinyo noieiinoiie oa?aeoa?, iineieueeo ana iaia/aaiia a iae
eiaao niioaaonoaothuaa eiee/anoaaiiia e noieiinoiia au?aaeaiea.
Eiouanoaaiiue oa?aeoa? eo ninoieo ia oieueei a oii, /oi aaeieien-
o?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiay aaeeieoea iieo/aao e ?aaeecoao eiie?ao-
!!51
iua iaoa?eaeueiua aeaaa (?aaeueii eo iieo/atho, i?eia?aoatho, en-
iieuecotho ianaeaiea aaeeieoeu, caaiuey ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, ?anii-
eiaeaiiua ia iae), ii e a oii, /oi aa eioa?anu oaeiaeaoai?ythony
iooai oe?aieaiey eiouanoaaiiie e oeiainiaie aacu ?aaeiia.
Aeey oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa iaiaoiaeeii eo
eaaaeueiia i?eciaiea e aaaaeaiea niiniaia caueou. Oaeay caueoa
naaiaeiy eiaaony o oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneeo iaycaoaeuenoa. Io-
/anoe i?eciaia iia e aeey oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iayca-
oaeuenoa a oi?ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia ca ia?o-
oaiea i?aa i?aaei?eyoee ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie (no. 20 Caeiia
). Iaiaoi-
aeeii, /oiau e aeiaiai?iua iaycaoaeuenoaa
eee auee aini?eiyou
a caeiia e iieo/eee /aoeoth i?aaiaoth io?aio. A oaeie io?aia
ioaeaeathony iaa noi?iiu iaycaoaeuenoaa. Ianoiiio i?aaio aeanoe
oaeaea iaiaoiaeeii a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo eiaoue n?aaenoaa ca-
ueou aeey iiioaeaeaiey e ?aaeueiiio eniieiaieth iaycaoaeuenoa i?aae-
i?eyoee (ii auioneo oiaa?ia ia oa??eoi?ee, ii no?ieoaeuenoao iai-
ai?aiiuo iauaeoia), ia?aaeei a iaeiinoi?iiiai ii?yaeea ioeacuaath-
ueony io eo auiieiaiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca iiaeiaiua ia?ooaiey.
Oaeiai ?iaea ia?ooaiey e ioeacu aeaoi?ie?otho eioa?anu ?aaeiia,
aai nioeeaeueiua i?ia?aiiu, aaeain aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia ianaeaiey.
I/aaeaeii, /oi ?acaeoea oai?ee e caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa i oicyenoaaiiuo
iaycaoaeuenoaao aeieaeii i?eaanoe e ?aoaieth yoeo aii?inia.
6. Iaeiouanoaaiiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey
1. Eae oaea aiai?eeinue, oaeea aaniethoiua ioiioaiey neeaaeuaa-
thony ii iiaiaeo iaeiouanoaaiiuo aeaa, eniieuecoaiuo noauaeoaie
oicyenoaiaaiey a oiaea naiae aeayoaeueiinoe. Iaeiaei, n?aco aea iaaei
iiae/a?eiooue, /oi eeoue a oiaea ii?iaeueiie eo ?aaeecaoeee iie ni-
o?aiytho aeaeeiinoue aaniethoiuo iaeiouanoaaiiuo i?aa. I?e ia?o-
oaiee oaeeo i?aa aicieeaao eiie?aoiia iaycaoaeuenoai ii eo caueoa
io ia?ooaiey e iii iaiaaeeaiii o?ainoi?ie?oaony a eiouanoaaiiia.
Iioa?iaaoee, caueuay naie iaeiouanoaaiiua i?aaa, iiaeao o?a-
aiaaoue aiciauaiey oauoeia io ia?ooeoaey.
Iai?eia?, a niioaaonoaee ni no. 46 Caeiia (*1)
i?e ia?ooaiee i?aaa ia oiaa?iue ciae (ciae ianeoaeeaaiey) e ia
iaeiaiiaaiea ianoa i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a ia?yaeo n i?eiaiaieai
ia? i?ana/aiey ia?ooaiey eeoei, iacaeiiii eniieuecothuaa oiaa?iue
(**1) AAN. 1992. ? 42, no. 2322.
!!52
ciae e ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiia iaeiaiiaaiea ianoa i?ienoiaeaeaiey oi-
aa?a, iaycaii aicianoeoue iioa?iaaoaio oauoee.
2. Aeaenoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai iiea ia nicaeaei aeinoaoi/iie
caueou oaeeo iaeiouanoaaiiuo i?aa, eae i?aai ia iaeiaiiaaiea
(oe?io), eiiia?/aneoth oaeio. Caeiiiaeaoaeue onoaiiaee eeoue eo
nouanoaiaaiea a no. 6-13 Caeiia , a no. 28 yoiai Caeiia. Ii oeacae ia iaooth
ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoey ca ia?ooaiea
aea?noaa e aai i?aaiia ca ia?ooaiea i?aa i?aaei?eyoey (no. 20 Caeiia).
Iie?aynue ia yoe ii?iu, iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae i oii, /oi oicye-
noaaiiua ioiioaiey iaeiouanoaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a ianoo a naaa ca-
?aiaa eiouanoaaiiue iioaioeeae e caueuathony ia?aie eiouano-
aaiiiai oa?aeoa?a.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Aeaeoa iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey, oeaaeeoa
aai yeaiaiou.
2. I?iaaaeeoa eeanneoeeaoeeth iauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aai-
ioiioaiey, oeaaeeoa eo eeanneoee,?e?othuaa cia/aiea aeey ioaeaeue-
iuo aeaeia i?aaiioiioaiee.
3, ?ane?ieoa cia/aiea aaniethoiuo e aaniethoii-ioiineoaeue-
iuo aauiuo i?aaiioiioaiee, iieaaeeoa noa?o eo inouanoaeaiey.
4. ?ane?ieoa cia/aiea aaniethoiuo i?aaiioiioaiee ii iiaiaeo
aaaeaiey nianoaaiiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, iieaaeeoa noa-
?o eo ?aaeecaoeee.
3. Oeaaeeoa iauaeou ioiineoaeueiuo oicyenoaaiiuo iayca-
oaeuenoa e aeaeu oaeeo iaycaoaeuenoa, iieaaeeoa noa?o eo i?eia-
iaiey.
6. Aeaeoa oa?aeoa?enoeeo iaeiouanoaaiiuo oicyenoaaiiuo
i?aaiioiioaiee e oeaaeeoa eo iauaeou.
!!53
Oaia IV. Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Iauea iieiaeaiey
1. Iineoaeyie oicyenoaaiiuo i?aa e iaycaiiinoae yaeythony
iaaeaeaiiua eiiiaoaioeeae noauaeou, iaeaaeathuea iainiaeai-
iui eiouanoaii, ia aaca eioi?iai iie aaaeoo i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue e eioth oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue.
ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiua a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea eee eaaeoeie?i-
aaiiua eiui ia?acii, a oaeaea inouanoaeythuea ?oeiaiaenoai
oaeie aeayoaeueiinoueth, i?eia?aoathuea i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe io
naiaai eiaie e ianouea naiinoiyoaeueioth eiouanoaaiioth io-
aaonoaaiiinoue.
Iniiaiui i?eciaeii noauaeoa oicyenoaiaaiey yaeyaony iaee-
/ea o iaai iainiaeaiiiai eiouanoaa. I?aaiaie oi?iie oaeiai
iainiaeaiey yaeyaony i?aaeaea anaai i?aai nianoaaiiinoe, iaee/ea
eioi?iai aeaao iaeaaeaoaeth iaeneioi aiciiaeiinoae caieiaoueny ia-
iin?aaenoaaiii i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoueth, a oaeaea ino-
uanoaeyoue ?oeiaiaenoai nicaeaaaaiuie nianoaaiieeaie i?aaei?eyoe-
yie, ii?aaeaeyoue iai?aaeaiey eo aeayoaeueiinoe e oneiaey aa ino-
uanoaeaiey.
2. Iainiaeaiea eiouanoaa iiaeao eiaoue e oi?iu caaeneiuo io
nianoaaiieea i?aa: i?aaa iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, oicye-
noaaiiiai aaaeaiey, a?aiaeu, iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey, aioo?eoicye-
noaaiiiai aaaeaiey. Aaaeii eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi aia aaniethoiiai (eee
ioiineoaeueiiai, i?e i?aaeinoaaeaiee eiouanoaa nianoaaiieeii eee
eiui i?aaiii/iui noauaeoii) iainiaeaiey ia iiaeao iiyaeoueny
oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, iioiio /oi oieueei ia oaeie eiouanoaai-
iie aaca ?aaeecoaony nianoaaiiue yeiiiie/aneee eioa?an e aaaeaieth
aeae n oeaeueth iieo/aiey i?eauee.
3. Aunooieaiea a oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa n oeaeueth iieo/aiey
i?eauee icia/aao, /oi oieueei i?ioanneiiaeueiia caiyoea i?iecaiae-
noaii oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) aeaao iniiaaiea n/eoaoue o/anoieeia
oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie. Anee a?aaeaeaiei niaa?oaao
oaeiai ?iaea aeoeee yieciaee/anee eee iai?ioanneiiaeueii aac oeaee
ecaea/aiey i?eauee (iai?eia?, ?aaeecoao ia?aciaaaoeany o iaai
eceeoee naeueoici?iaeoeoeee, i?iaeaao noaaoea iaioaeiuie aio aaue,
no?ieo aeii ninaaeo aeaaea n iieaoie ?aciaiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey), ii ia
iiaeao ?anoeaieaaoueny eae i?aaei?eieiaoaeue, ia iaycai ?aaeno?e?i-
aaoueny a yoii ea/anoaa. Ia iaai a yoii neo/aa ?ani?ino?aiythony
oieueei ii?iu a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa, ii ia caeii e ae?oaea caeiiu oicyenoaaiiie
noa?u.
Ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny i?aaei?eieiaoaeai a?aaeaeaiei, eioi?ue eo-
iee aeioiaeioth aoiaao eee iiianoee aeeaae a aaie n oeaeueth iieo/aiey
i?ioeaioia, iioiio /oi ii ia o/anoaoao iaiin?aaenoaaiii a ea/anoaa
iinoiyiiiai i?ioanneiiaeueiiai caiyoey a aaaeaiee oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe e iieo/aaiue ei aeioiae – ?acoeueoao i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey, eioi?iio io ioaeae n?aaenoaa ia
aiciacaeiie iniiaa.
Nii?iui a yoii niunea yaeyaony iieiaeaiea aeoeeiia?a. N iaeiie
noi?iiu, aeoeey aeaao aio i?aai ia o/anoea a oi?aaeaiee e iieo/aiea
aeioiaea. N ae?oaie noi?iiu, iaiin?aaenoaaiii i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth
aeayoaeueiinoue aaaeoo ia aeoeeiia?u, eioi?ua, o/anoaoy a iauai ni-
a?aiee e nicaeaiee i?aaiia aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa oi?ie?otho noaoon
e aieth aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, ii ia o/anoaotho a oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe io naiaai eiaie. A oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa aunooiaao
aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai, eioi?ia eae noauaeo i?eia?aoaao i?aaa e
iaycaiiinoe e ianao eiouanoaaiioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue. Iu iieaaaai,
/oi aeoeeiia? – ia noauaeo oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Aiciiaeii, /oi
yoe ioiioaiey ?aaeecothony a iniaie io?anee i?aaa, ianeoaeeaathuae
aioo?aiiaa ono?ienoai oaeeo iauanoa, eiiia?aoeaia e o.i. Iiieii
yoeo iao/iuo aeiaiaeia i?aaeeaaaaiia ?aoaiea eiaao /enoi i?aeoe-
/aneoth iaa?oceo: i?eciaiea aeoeeiia?ia, aeeaae/eeia, i?eia?aoaoa-
eae oeaiiuo aoiaa i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie canoaaeei au i?iaiaeeoue ?a-
aeno?aoeeth anao oaeeo eeoe, eae i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, /oi eeoaii
anyeiai niunea.
Aiaeiae/ii athaeaeaoiua o/?aaeaeaiey, niaa?oathuea ?acee/iua
eiouanoaaiiua naeaeee, ii ia iieo/eaoea io nianoaaiieea niaeaney
ia i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue, ia i?eia?aoatho i?aaa ia
naiinoiyoaeueiia ?anii?yaeaiea aeioiaeaie io oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe e
eiouanoaii, i?eia?aoaiiui ca n/ao yoeo aeioiaeia (no. 5 i. 4 Caeiia
).
N i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoueth oanii naycaiu aeaa a?oi-
iu aeayoaeueiinoe: aaaeaiey oicyenoaa ia iaeiiia?/aneie iniiaa e
oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiecaoi?neay, eeai aeanoii-?aaoee?othuay aeay-
oaeueiinoue ainoaea?noaa e ?aaeiiia. Aeayoaeueiinoue iaeiiia?/aneeo
no?oeoo? (iai?eia?, oiaa?iuo e oiiaeiauo ae?ae) inouanoaeyaony
a oaeii aeaea a oeaeyo iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe ianeoaeeaaiey
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae. Iaeiiia?/aneia au?aaeaiea oaeie aeayoaeueiin-
oe a ecaanoiie ia?a oneiaii. Anee ae?aea ia ?ani?aaeaeyao iie-
o/aiiie i?eauee iaaeaeo naieie aeoeeiia?aie, oi iai?aaeaiea
anao aeioiaeia ia oeo/oaiea iai?oaeiaaiey ae?aee, ianeoaeeaaiea
eeeaioo?u aea/ao iiauoaiea noieiinoe aa aeoeee. A inoaeueiii
oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue iaeiiia?/aneeo no?oeoo? aaaeaony a
!!55
oaeii aea eeth/a, eae e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay aeayoaeueiinoue, e a
iinoiyiiii acaeiiaeaenoaee n i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie e i?aaei?eyoe-
yie. Iiyoiio oaeea iaeiiia?/aneea ia?aciaaiey oaeaea yaeythony
noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiecaoi?neay aeayoaeueiinoue ainoaea?noaa e ?a-
aeiiia eae nianoaaiieeia yaeyaony i?aaeiinueeie nicaeaiey i?aae-
i?eyoee, ii?aaeaeaiee niaea?aeaiey eo aeayoaeueiinoe e i?ae?auaiey
, eo a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo. A yoeo ioiioaieyo, oanii naycai-
iuo n i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe, ainoaea?noai e ?aaeiiu
yaeythony noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Ianiiiaiii oi, /oi
iie aeaenoaotho a ea/anoaa noauaeoia, eiaaea ?aaeecothony aeanoiua
ooieoeee a oeaeyo caoeou ioaee/iuo eioa?ania a iaeanoe^ yeiii-
ieee.
4. I?aaei?eieiaoaee e i?aaei?eyoey aeieaeiu eaaeoeie?iaaoueny
a ea/anoaa noauaeoia n iiiiuueth ?aaeno?aoeee. Oece/aneea eeoea,
ecuyaeaoea aeaeaiea caieiaoueny i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeue-
iinoueth aac ia?aciaaiey th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, i?ioiaeyo ?aaeno?aoeeth
a niioaaonoaee n i?eiyoui 7 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. Caeiiii ?NON? (*1).
I?aaei?eyoey-th?eaee/aneea eeoea i?ioiaeyo ?aaeno?aoeeth a niio-
aaonoaee ni no. 34 Caeiia .
A iniaii ii?yaeea ?aaeno?e?othony oaeea noauaeou, eae aaiee (*2).
Eo onoaau ?aaeno?e?othony a Oeaio?aeueiii aaiea. E?anoueyineea
oicyenoaa ?aaeno?e?othony ia iniiaa Caeiia ?NON? ?aeiiiie aaeieieno?aoeeae, iinea
/aai i?eia?aoatho noaoon th?eaee/aneiai eeoea (*3). I?aainoaueaeoiinoue
aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiuo ia?aciaaiee iuia oaeaea nay-
cuaaaony n onoaaaie e?aaa, iaeanoae, eioi?ua a niioaaonoaee ni
no. 4 Caeiia , no.66 Eiinoeoooeee ?O i?e-
ieiaaony i?aaenoaaeoaeueiui i?aaiii niioaaonoaothuaai noauaeoa
?O, a oaeaea Iieiaeaieyie (onoaaaie) i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee,
eioi?ua a niioaaonoaee ni no. 5 Caeiia ?aaeno?e?othony i?aaiaie ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ni-
ioaaonoaothueo e?ay, iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai
ie?oaa.
Ia ioaeaeaaony a eaeie-eeai eaaeoeiaoeee a ea/anoaa noauaeoa
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ainoaea?noai, oi anoue Oaaea?aoeey e ?anioaeeea,
(**1) AAN, 1992, ?8, no. 360.
(**2) AAN. 1990, ? 27, no. 356.
(**3) AAN, 1991, ? 1, no. 5.
!!56
aoiaeyuay aian. A niioaaonoaee n Eiinoeoooeeae ?O, Eiinoeoooeeyie
?anioaeee, aoiaeyueo a Oaaea?aoeeth, iie eiatho niioaaonoaothuoth
eiouanoaaiioth aaco e eiiiaoaioeeth aeey ?aaeecaoeee aaaeaiey oi-
cyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e ?oeiaiaenoaa ath.
5. Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia oieueei aaaeoo oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue ii auioneo oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa), ii e inouanoaeytho
?oeiaiaenoai ath eeai aeanoiia ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ia
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue. Iauai e niioiioaiea yoeo
aeaoo noa? i?iyaeaiey oicyenoaiaaiey o ?aciuo noauaeoia ?acee/ai.
O i?aaei?eieiaoaeae-a?aaeaeai eiiiiiaio ?oeiaiaenoaa aiiaua ionoo-
noaoao. O i?aaei?eyoee ?oeiaiaenoai i?iyaeyaony a ioiioaiee naieo
iiae?acaeaeaiee, a aeaaiia – a aai ?aaioa – iaiin?aaenoaaiiia aa-
aeaiea oicyenoaa. O oaeeo noauaeoia eae ainoaea?noai, ?aaeii a eii-
iaoaioeee i?aiaeaaeaao oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiecothuay aeayoaeueiinoue a
ioiioaiee noauaeoia, aeaenoaothueo ia aaca i?aaeinoaaeaiiiai aino-
aea?noaii eee ?aaeiiii eae nianoaaiieeaie eiouanoaa e ?aaoee?o-
thuaa aicaeaenoaea a ioiioaiee anao noauaeoia-i?aaei?eieiaoaeae
i?e inouanoaeaiee caueou ioaee/iuo eioa?ania. N ieie ainoaea?-
noai onoaiaaeeaaao i?aaiioiioaiey a i?ioeanna ?aaeecaoeee aioe-
iiiiiieueiuo ooieoeee, aceiaiey iaeiaia, o?aaiaaiee niaethaeaiey
ii?yaeea aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca
aai ia?ooaiea.
Eiioeaioeey oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, eae oaea aiai?eeinue, ia /eaieo
iaeanoue yeiiiieee a caaeneiinoe io
i?aaiioiioaiee. I iaiaoiaeeiinoe aaeeinoaa ?aaoee?iaaiey a iaeanoe
oicyenoaa iu oaea aiai?eee. Iiyoiio ana nayce ainoaea?noaa, ?aaeiiia,
i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaei?eieiaoaeae iu ?anniao?eaaai ia oa??eoi?ee
oicyenoaiaaiey a eo aaeeinoaa.
6. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey eae iaiaoiaeeiue yeaiaio
i?aainoauaeoiinoe icia/aao, /oi noauaeo iieo/aao aiciiaeiinoue
i?eia?aoaoue i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe n iiiaioa nicaeaiey e yoa
aiciiaeiinoue ainiieiyaony eiathueieny o noauaeoa iaee/iuie
i?aaaie (ia eiouanoai, oe?io, auai? noa?u oicyenoaiaaiey
e ae?.) (*1)
Eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue aeey eaaeaeiai oicyenoaothuaai
noauaeoa icia/aao, /oi ii ioaa/aao nai, naiei eiouanoaii i?aaeaea
anaai i?e iaee/ee a onoaaa (iieiaeaiee) aeiiieiaiee, ioaaono-
aaiiinoue caoai iiaeao ainiieiyoueny e ae?oaie eiouanoaaiiie
noa?ie. Iai?eia?, a oiaa?euanoaao yoi iiaeao auoue eiouano-
aaiiay noa?a oiaa?euae a aeiiieiaiea e ioaaonoaaiiinoe naiiai
i?aaei?eyoey.
(**1) Iiae?iaiaa ia yoiini.: Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. Iauea iieiaeaiey. I., 1983, n. 51-52.
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7. I?iaiaey eeanneoeeaoeeth noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa,
ioaeii eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi iiaeii i?iaiaeeoue eo ioee/ea ii ?aciui
i?eciaeai, iai?eia? ?acee/aoue ainoaea?noaaiiua, ioieoeeiaeueiua
e /anoiua i?aaei?eyoey a caaeneiinoe io oiai, ia eaeie oi?ia
nouanoaaiiinoe iie iniiaaiu. Iiaeii ?acee/aoue noauaeoia a caaene-
iinoe io oa?aeoa?a eo oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee e auaeaeeoue
ainoaea?noai, ?aaeiiu, i?aaei?eyoey, eo iiae?acaeaeaiey.
Iiaeii ?acee/aoue noauaeou ii oiio, eae auaeyaeeo ii?aaeaeaiea
eo noaoona: ia aaca oieueei caeiia eee iaeiia?aiaiii ia aaca ae?oaeo caeiiia
(iai?eia?, ) eeai aiiaua
niaoeeaeueiuo caeiiia (iai?eia?, ).
I?aaei?eyoey iiaeii ?acee/aoue ii eo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie
oi?ia.
Iu ?anniio?ei i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia noauaeoia
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, o/eouaay ana yoe oaeoi?u. A ia?aii iiae?ac-
aeaeaiee neaaeoao, i/aaeaeii, auaeaeeoue oaeea noauaeou, a eiiiaoaioeee
eioi?uo i?aiaeaaeaao aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe:
a) i?aaei?eieiaoaee – oece/aneea eeoea;
a) i?aaei?eyoey;
a) iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoee.
Aeaeaa i?aaeiieaaaaony ?ane?uoue oa?aeoa?enoeeo:
a) ainoaea?noaa;
a) ?aaeiiia (e?aaa, iaeanoae, ?aeiiia e ai?iaeia).
A eo oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee iaeaieueoee oaeaeueiue aan
ninoaaeyao oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiecaoi?neay aeayoaeueiinoue eae niano-
aaiieeia, a oaeaea ?aaeecaoeey e caueoa ioaee/iuo eioa?ania
iauanoaa.
Aioo?e yoeo a?oii iu aeeooa?aioee?oai noauaeoia ii eo ini-
aaiiinoyi a eiouanoaaiiie aaca, eiiiaoaioeee, i?aaiaiio noa-
oono, io?aaeaiiiio a niaoeeaeueiuo aeoao, iinayuaiiuo oaeei
noauaeoai.
2. A?aaeaeaia eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Oece/aneea eeoea iieo/eee iniaue noaoon i?aaei?eieiaoaeae
e noaee noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iinea oiai, eae a caeiiao
i nianoaaiiinoe (ia?aiia/aeueii Nithca NN?, a caoai e ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee) auei onoaiiaeaii, /oi nianoaaiiinoue a?aaeaeai ia iineo
aieaa iio?aaeoaeueneiai oa?aeoa?a, a iiaeao aeoeaii eniieueciaaoueny
a i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oicyenoaaiiuo oeaeyo. Yoe iieiaeaiey auee ?ac-
aeou a Caeiia , eiaaea a?aaeaeaiei iieo/ee i?aai aanoe oaeoth aeayoaeueiinoue
eae eiaeeaeaeoaeueii, oae e nicaeaaay i?aaei?eyoey n i?eaea/aieai
iaaiiuo ?aaioieeia.
Eiouanoaaiiie aacie oece/aneeo eeoe-i?aaei?eieiaoaeae ii ia-
uaio i?aaeeo yaeyaony nianoaaiiinoue. Iaeiaei yoa aaca iiaeao auoue
i?aaenoaaeaia e a?aiaeiaaiiui eiouanoaii.
Enoiaey ec no. 14 Caeiia ) niano-
aaiieeaie eiouanoaa, ia?aaeaiiiai ei a ea/anoaa aeeaaeia (a oii
/enea e n?aaenoa, iieo/aiiuo io i?iaeaaee aeoeee), i?eciathony
i?aaei?eyoey, iauanoaa e oiaa?euanoaa. A neeo yoiai a?aaeaeaiei
a ninoaaa oaeiai i?aaei?eyoey, a /anoiinoe aeoeeiia?iiai iauano-
aa, – ia nianoaaiiee (ninianoaaiiee) aai eiouanoaa, a o/anoiee
eieeaeoeaiie nianoaaiiinoe. A ea/anoaa o/anoieea ii e ?aoaao
aii?inu oi?aaeaiey aeaeaie iauanoaa, a oii /enea e /a?ac nicaea-
aaaiua i?aaiu yoiai iauanoaa. Yoe aeaenoaey ii niaa?oaao aia
naiae ia?niiaeueiie i?aainoauaeoiinoe e eae aoaeoi ia aeieaeai
i?eciaaaoueny eae aeoeeiia? noauaeoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Oai
ia iaiaa, no. Iieiaeaiey
aeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y
1990 a. ? 601 (*1), i?eciaao ca aeoeeiia?aie i?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia
aeieth a onoaaiii eaieoaea iauanoaa. Yoi ia?niieoeoee?oao i?aai
aeoeeiia?a ia eiouanoai, aeaeaao aai o/anoieeii aeieaaie niano-
aaiiinoe e oai naiui eae au noaaeo aai a ?yae i?aaei?eieiaoaeae-
noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Aeoiaaony ana aea, /oi aeoeeiia?iay nianoaaiiinoue ii naiaio oa-
?aeoa?o i?eiaaeeaaeeo e eieeaeoeaiie nianoaaiiinoe, noauaeoii ei-
oi?ie yaeyaony naii aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai, iauaaeeiythuaa aai o/an-
oieeia naiae iaiei/eie th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, a aeoeeiia?u yaeythony
o/anoieeaie oaeie nianoaaiiinoe (iacaaeneii io aeieaaiai eee aac-
aeieaaiai aa?eaioa) e a neeo yoiai ia iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae
noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Oi aea naiia, i/aaeaeii, auoaeaao e ec iieiaeaiey ae?oaeo ae-
oeeiia?ia, a /anoiinoe aea?aeaoaeae aeoeee eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia.
Ai?i/ai, yoio aii?in aeieaeai auoue enneaaeiaai a oai?ee ananoi-
?iiia.
A eiuo neo/ayo iaiueoae annioeee?iaaiiinoe a?aaeaeaieia, eiaaea
ii aunooiaao o/anoieeii oiaa?euanoaa, ?aoaao aai aeaea ia a ninoaaa
eieeaeoeaa e ia iiae oe?iie th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, a eae o/anoiee
aeieaaie nianoaaiiinoe (i?e nouanoaothuae ?aaeecaoeee aa iaoiaeii
niaeaniaaiey n ae?oaeie o/anoieeaie (no. 117 AE), a ia i?eioeeiii
aieueoeinoaa aieinia), aai neaaeoao i?eciaoue i?aaei?eieiaoaeai e
noauaeoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Aannii?ii, /oi e /eneo noauaeoia
(**1) NI ?NON?, 1991, ?6, no. 92.
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ioiinyony o/anoieee iieiiai oiaa?euanoaa, eioi?ua ia iauaaeeiy-
thony a th?eaee/aneia eeoei e ?aaeno?e?otho ia?niiaeueii i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue (ni. no. 3 i. 7 Caeiia ?NON? ) a ea/anoaa
o/anoieeia iieiiai oiaa?euanoaa.
2. I?aainoauaeoiinoue a?aaeaeaieia-i?aaei?eieiaoaey a noa?a oi-
caenoaaiiiai i?aaa ia neaaeoao niaoeaaoue n aai a?aaeaeaineie i?aai-
noaueaeoiinoueth. A noa?a a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa ii iaeaaeaao iauae
i?aainiiniaiinoueth a ea/anoaa eeoea, oaeiaeaoai?ythuaai naie iio-
?aaiinoe a eiouanoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa. A oi-
cyenoaaiiii iai?ioa ii iaeaaeaao niaoeeaeueiie oicyenoaaiiie eii-
iaoaioeeae, oi anoue aaaeao i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue: ino-
uanoaeyao i?iecaiaenoai oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) n niaethaeaieai
onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii i?aaee, ?aaeecoao eo (a oii /enea iioii)
eae ?acoeueoaou i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe, a ia i?aaeiaou
iio?aaeaiey, noaaoea a?aaeaeaieio iaioaeiuie eee eceeoieie. Ia
neo/aeii ?aaeecaoeey oaeeo i?aaeiaoia ia yaeyaony i?aaeiaoii ia-
eiaiiaeiaeaiey, a oi a?aiy eae noiiu, iieo/aiiua io i?iaeaaee
eiouanoaa i?e inouanoaeaiee i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe
n oeaeueth iieo/aiey aeioiaea, iiaeeaaeao iaeiaeaieth iaeiaii’.
I?eia?aoaaiia i?aaei?eieiaoaeai eiouanoai aeey i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe iaeiaii ia iaeaaaaony, aieaa oiai, noiia
aaeiaiai aeioiaea aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey oiaiueoaaony ia noiio
?anoiaeia, naycaiiuo n iieo/aieai aeioiaea. I?aaeiaou aea, iieo/aaiua
a?aaeaeaieiii ii a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaui naeaeeai ianeaaeiaaiey eee
aea?aiey, iai?ioea, iiaeeaaeao iaeiaiiaeiaeaieth (*2).
I?eia?aoaiea noaoona i?aaei?eieiaoaey aeey a?aaeaeaieia naycaii
n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ?aaeno?aoeee oece/aneiai eeoea a yoii ea/anoaa.
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee naiae i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie eiiiaoaioeee a?aae-
aeaiei a i?aaa eca?aoue ethaoth noa?o aeayoaeueiinoe, e?iia cai?auaiiie
caeiiii.
3. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. A /enea ia?auo aii?inia yoie oaiu noieo aii?in i niiniaao
e oi?iao nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey. ?aiaa yoe aii?inu a oneiaeyo
ainiiaenoaa ainoaea?noaaiiie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe e aaeieieno?aoea-
(**1) Ni.: no. 3 i. 1
anoaaiieea a ioiioaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai oaaea?aeueiiai
eiouanoaa, a /anoiinoe ii ?anii?yaeaieth e oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?-
noaaiiui eiouanoaii i?aaei?eyoee, ioiinyueony e oaaea?aeueiie
nianoaaiiinoe, aiceiaeaiu ia Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiieoao ?O ii
oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eiouanoaii. Niioaaonoaaiii ooi-
eoeee oi?aaeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiui eiouanoaii a e?ayo, iaeanoyo,
aaoiiiiiuo iaeanoyo e ie?oaao aiceiaeaiu ia niioaaonoaothuea
eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eiouanoaii yoeo ?a-
aeiiia (*2).
(**1) Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai. O. 1. I., 1986, n. 125.
(**2) Ni.: iinoaiiaeaiea Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 21 yiaa?y 1991a. ?35
Iieiaeaiea i Ainoaea?noaaiiii eiieoaoa ?NON? ii oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui
eiouanoaii, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 21 yiaa?y
1991 a. ?35. -NI ?NON?. 1991, ? 11, no. 145.
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Iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O
io 10 oaa?aey 1994 aiaea ? 96 ia?a?ani?aaeaeaia eiiia-
oaioeey aini?aaiia ii nicaeaieth e i?ae?auaieth oaaea?aeueiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee, ooaa?aeaeaieth eo onoaaia, iacia/aieth ?oeiaiaeeoaeae e
caeeth/aieth (eciaiaieth, ?anoi?aeaieth) eiio?aeoia n ieie (*1).
Ooieoeee oi?aaeaiey ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoueth a ?aeiiao
e ai?iaeao aiceiaeaiu ia Eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii
?aeiiia e ai?iaeia, iieiaeaiey i eioi?uo ooaa?aeaeaao niioaaonoao-
thuay aaeieieno?aoeey.
Iiyoiio iniiaaieai aeey o/?aaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey ia aaca
ainoaea?noaaiiie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe yaeythony aeou
Eiieoaoia ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii, eeai oiieiiii/aiiuo
eie i?aaiia. A yoii niunea e ii?yaeie nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey, eae
aai o/?aaeaeaiea, iiaeao auoue iacaai o/?aaeeoaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeue-
iui. Enoiaeiui o/?aaeeoaeueiui aeieoiaioii yaeyaony aeaiiue aeo
i nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey. Eiieoao, aunooiathuee io eiaie niano-
aaiieea (ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa), i?e-
iyaoee ?aoaiea i nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey, e ooaa?aeaeaao aai onoaa.
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aae-
i?eyoey, a oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey, a eiouanoaa aeeaae ainoaea?noaa
eee ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe aieaa 50%, ?anniao?eaaao ni-
aianoii n o/?aaeeoaeai, oneiaey eiio?aeoa i?e iaeia ?oeiaiaee-
oaey (no. 32 Caeiia ). O/anoea o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa a nicaeaiee i?aae-
i?eyoey e ii?aaeaeaiee oneiaee eiio?aeoa (iineaaeiee oaeaea iiae-
ienuaaaony n Eiieoaoii-o/?aaeeoaeai) yaeyaony iaeiei ec i?aai-
ia?acothueo oaeoia a i?ioeanna o/?aaeaeaiey. ?aiaa a no. 32 oii-
iyiooiai Caeiia aiai?eeinue oaeaea ia o/anoee o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa a ?anniio?aiee e ooaa?aeaeaiee niaianoii n o/?aaee-
oaeai eciaiaiee e aeiiieiaiee, aiineiuo a onoaa. Iieaaaai, /oi
yoi i?aaeei aeieaeii auoue ia oieueei ainnoaiiaeaii, ii e ?anoe?aii
ca n/ao eiiiaoaioeee ia ooaa?aeaeaiea onoaaa. I?aaaea, a iiiaio
nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea /aua anaai aua ia
noi?ie?iaai. I/aaeaeii, /oi i?e ooaa?aeaeaiee onoaaa neaaeiaaei
au i?aaeoniio?aoue, /oi ii aeaenoaoao ia ia?aua o?e ianyoea nicaeaiey
i?aaei?eyoey, a caoai iiaeeaaeeo ia?aooaa?aeaeaieth ii i?aaeeai
no. 32 iacaaiiiai caeiia.
Nicaeaiiia i?aaei?eyoea ?aaeno?e?oaony ii i?aaeeai no. 33 Caeiia
, aiineony a
Ainoaea?noaaiiue ?aano? e n yoiai iiiaioa yaeyaony noauaeoiie i?aaa.
(**1) NAII, 1994, ?9, no. 593.
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I?aaei?eyoeth auaeaaony naeaeaoaeuenoai i aai ainoaea?noaaiiie ?a-
aeno?aoeee. Ca ?aaeno?aoeeth acuneeaaaony n i?aaei?eyoey ainoaea?no-
aaiiay iioeeia (*1).
I?aaei?eyoey – aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa oaeaea nicaeathony ii ?a-
oaieth niioaaonoaothuaai Eiieoaoa. Iaeiaei ii?yaeie nicaeaiey ai-
noaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa ei??aeoe-
?oaony ia iniaaiiinoe nicaeaiey aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa a niioaaonoaee
n Iieiaeaieai ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiui iinoaiia-
eaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y 1990 a. ? 601 (*2). A
yoeo neo/ayo aaaeioth ?ieue ea?aao Oiiae oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa e
aai ianoiua ioaeaeaiey, a oaeaea Oiiaeu eiouanoaa ?anioaeee, e?aaa,
iaeanoae, ai?iaeia e ?aeiiia (*3). Oiiaeai i?e nicaeaiee aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa ii ?aoaieth niioaaonoaothueo Eiieoaoia ia?aaeathony i?aaa
o/?aaeeoaeae e iaeao aeoeee. Iie ?aaeecotho eo, a a ioiioaiee
inoaaoeony aeoeee auiieiytho ooieoeee aeoeeiia?ia.
Nicaeaiea iiauo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa ia neaaeoao niaoeaaoue n
i?aia?aciaaieai aeaenoaothueo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee a
ii?yaeea i?eaaoecaoeee ia iniiaa Caeiia ?NON? (*4), a
oaeaea ia iniiaa iniaiai ii?yaeea eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaai-
iuo i?aaei?eyoee n iaeiia?aiaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoeeiia?-
iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia (*5). Yoe aeaa oeacaiiuo i?ioeanna au-
?aaeatho iniaue niinia iiyaeaiey iiauo noauaeoia iooai i?aia-
?aciaaiey aeaenoaothueo n eciaiaieai oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe e
iioiio aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny iniai, a oii /enea e n iiceoeee
i?aaii?aainoaa, eioi?iai i?e o/?aaeaeaiee iiauo aeoeeiia?iuo
iauanoa auoue ia iiaeao.
3. O/?aaeeoaeueiue ii?yaeie i?eiaiyaony i?e nicaeaiee i?aaei?e-
yoee, iniiaaiiuo ia /anoiie nianoaaiiinoe, ii ?aoaieth nianoaai-
ieea eiouanoaa. Oaeei ia?acii nicaeathony eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua e na-
iaeiua i?aaei?eyoey.
I?e nicaeaiee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey aeey ?aaeno?aoeee
i?aaei?eyoey aeinoaoi/ii i?aaenoaaeaiey ia ?aaeno?aoeeth cayaea-
(*1) Ni.: iinoaiiaeaiea Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 14 ethiy 1991 a. ? 327 . – Caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoai e yeiiiieea, 1991. ?1 1, n. 9.
(*2) NI ?NON?. 1991. ?6, no. 92.
(*3) Iieiaeaiea i ?inneeneii oiiaea oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoa-
iiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?NON? io 3 ethee 1991 a. – AAN, 1991 .?27, no. 929.
(**4) AAN. 1991. ? 27. no. 928.
(**5) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a. ? 721
I?aaii ia auaeaeaiea ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey iaeaaeatho no?oe-
oo?iua iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey, oi anoue aeaaiua aai ninoaaiua
/anoe, iai?eia? oeaoa ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey, oa?iu ec ninoaaa
ainoaea?noaaiiiai naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey, no?oeoo?iua
aaeeieoeu ec ninoaaa iauaaeeiaiey. E /eneo oaeeo noauaeoia ia iiaoo
auoue ioianaiu aoi?e/iua iiae?acaeaeaiey, oaeea eae o/anoee oeaoia,
a?eaaaeu, oicyenoaa e o.i. iiae?acaeaeaiey.
O/?aaeaeaiea i?aaei?eyoey a aeaiiie neooaoeee eiaao oo iniaai-
iinoue, /oi aai i?iaiaeeo ia o/?aaeeoaeue-nianoaaiiee, a o?oaeiaie
eieeaeoea, ia eiathuee nianoaaiiie eiouanoaaiiie aacu, ii n
aeicaieaiey nianoaaiieea, aeaiiiai a caeiia. Eiaaony, i?aaaea, ia-
eioi?ay iaeiae/iinoue a ioiioaiee ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe.
aaea eae aoaeoi niaeanea nianoaaiieea aiiaua ia o/eouaaaony, a
i?aaeiieaaaaony. Yoi iieiaeaiea, i/aaeaeii, iiyaeeinue aneaaenoaea
!!64
oiai, /oi ioieoeeiaeueiay nianoaaiiinoue neiaeeeanue ia aaca aino-
aea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe e ainoaea?noaii aeiioneaaony aiciiae-
iinoue oaeeo aeoeee ii yoei niia?aaeaieyi. Ii ii aieueoiio n/aoo,
eiia/ii, oaeeo i?ioeai?a/ee neaaeoao ecaaaaoue (?aaii, eae aino-
aea?noaaiiuo ?aoaiee i i?eaaoecaoeee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee, aeeeiai oiiaea e o.i.).
Aeicaieeoaeueii-o/?aaeeoaeueiue niinia ia neaaeoao niaoeaaoue n
?ai?aaiecaoeeae iooai ?acaeaeaiey (eee auaeaeaiey). ?ai?aaieca-
oeey i?iaiaeeony ii aiea nianoaaiieea i?aaei?eyoey, i?e niaethaea-
iee oneiaee, caoeene?iaaiiuo a aai onoaaa. A aeaiiii aea neo/aa
auaeaeaiea – o/?aaeaeaiea inouanoaeyaony ii aiea o?oaeiaiai eie-
eaeoeaa e iacaaeneii io oiai, i?aaeoniao?eaae ee Onoaa i?aaei?e-
yoey oaeoth aiciiaeiinoue. ?ai?aaiecaoeey – ?acaeaeaiea i?aaeiie-
aaaao iainiaeaiea ae?oa io ae?oaa iiauo i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaii?a-
ainoai iiyaeaoeony th?eaee/aneeo eeoe a ioiioaiee anao i?aaeieo
iaycaoaeuenoa i?aaei?eyoey ii ?acaeaeeoaeueiiio aaeaino. Caeanue aea
iiaeii oaa?aiii neacaoue eeoue i oii, /oi o/?aaeaeaiiia (auaeaeea-
oaany) oaeei iooai i?aaei?eyoea nio?aiyao iaycaoaeuenoaa ia?aae
i?aaei?eyoeai, a ninoaaa eioi?iai iaoiaeeeinue (no. 33 Caeiia ). A ioiioa-
iee aea iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae eiio?aaaioaie i?aaei?eyoey a?yae ee
iiaeii aiai?eoue ia oieaa?naeueiii i?aaii?aainoaa, oi anoue i ia-
?aoiaea aeiee iaycaoaeuenoa i?aaei?eyoey a io-
iioaiee ae?oaeo eiio?aaaioia. O?ainii?oiue oeao, auoaaeoee ec
ninoaaa iaaaeueiiai eiiaeiaoa, ia a ninoiyiee i?aainoaiaaoue iay-
caoaeuenoaa ii iinoaaea iaaaee e o.i. aeieae. Iiyoiio caeii oo-
aa?aeaeaao eeoue ia iaycaiiinoyo ?aaioaoue ia naia i?aaeiaa i?aae-
i?eyoea, oae eae yoi auei aei auaeaeaiey, ii oaea ia eiie (aeiai-
ai?iie) iniiaa.
Ia neaaeoao niaoeaaoue oaeia o/?aaeaeaiea e n i?eaaoecaoeeae
iiae?acaeaeaiey, iineieueeo i?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee icia/aao i?aia-
?aciaaiea ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe a /anoioth e inouanoa-
eyaony ia aiciacaeiuo ia/aeao (aueoi) eeai ia iniiaa aeoeeiie-
?iaaiey.
O/?aaeeoaeai i?aaei?eyoey a ?anniao?eaaaiii aa?eaioa neaaeoao
n/eoaoue o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea, i?aaenoaaeoaee eioi?iai e i?iaiaeyo
?aaeno?aoeeth nicaeaaaaiiai i?aaei?eyoey. Aiciiaeiua eiouanoaaiiua
nii?u a aeaiiii neo/aa aeieaeai, ii iaoaio iiaieth, ?ac?aoaoue
a?aeo?aaeiue noae.
Neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi eiiiaoaioeey o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia
ia auaeaeaiea ec i?aaei?eyoey ?acee/ia: ii iauaio i?aaeeo, yoi
eiiiaoaioeey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa i?aaei?eyoey (no. 32 i. 3 Caeiia
). Aeey iiae-
?acaeaeaiey aini?aaei?eyoee, eiaaoeo aaeainiaoth noieiinoue in-
!!65
iiaiuo oiiaeia ia 1 yiaa?y 1992 a. aieaa 50 iei ?oaeae e n?aae-
ianieni/ioth /eneaiiinoue ?aaioathueo aieaa 1000 /aeiaae, oaeaea
iaeaaeaaoeo ia 1 yiaa?y 1992 aiaea ioaeaeueiui aaeainii, onoaiia-
eaii, /oi iie iiaoo auaeaeyoueny e i?aia?aciauaaoueny a ioe?uoua
aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ii ?aoaieth o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa iiae?ac-
aeaeaiey (*1).
6. Iiyaeaiea i?aaei?eyoey iooai i?aia?aciaaiey iaeiiai a ae?oaia
ia iniiaa i?aia?aciaaiey oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe ia ioiineony e
o/?aaeaeaieth i?aaei?eyoey, ?aaii eae e e iau/iie ?ai?aaiecaoeee ai
anao aa oi?iao (neeyiea, ?acaeaeaiea, i?eniaaeeiaiea, auaeaeaiea).
No. 37 Caeiia iacuaaao i?aia?aciaaiea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu
i?aaei?eyoey a ?yaeo ?aciiaeaeiinoae ?ai?aaiecaoeee. Iaeiaei i?aae-
noaaeyaony, /oi i?aia?aciaaiea a oiaea i?eaaoecaoeee iiaeii n/eoaoue
niaoeeaeueiiai aeaea ?ai?aaiecaoeeae.
I?aia?aciaaiea i?aaei?eyoey iooai eciaiaiey oi?iu niano-
aaiiinoe eiaao ianoi i?e inouanoaeaiee i?eaaoecaoeee ia iniiaa
Caeiia io 3 ethey 1991 a. (*2) a ?aaeaeoeee Caeiia io 5
ethiy 1992 a. (*3). I?aia?aciaaiea aea iooai eciaiaiey i?aaiecaoeeii-
ii-i?aaiaie oi?iu eiaao ianoi, a /anoiinoe, i?e eiiia?oeeaee-
caoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee e i?aia?aciaaiee eo a aeoee-
iia?iua iauanoaa (*4).
I?ioeann i?aia?aciaaiey n i?eaaoecaoeeae, ii iaoaio iiaieth,
aeieaeai auoue iinoaaeai a iniaoth a?oiio.
A oiaea i?eaaoecaoeee yoe eciaiaiey icia/atho niaio oi?iu
nianoaaiiinoe, /aua anaai e n eciaiaieai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie
oi?iu aeayoaeueiinoe (aianoi i?aaei?eyoey – oiaa?euanoai, eee
aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai ioe?uoiai oeia). I?e i?aia?aciaaiee aea
oieueei i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu ?a/ue eaeao ia eciaiaiee
i?aaiecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey) oi?aaeaiey ei, acaeiiioiioaiee o/?a-
aeeoaeae, eiino?oeoeee e iauaia ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?aaei?eieiaoaeae,
niaianoii o/?aaeeaoeo i?aaei?eyoea, o.a. ?ai?aaiecaoeee a aa iauai
iiieiaiee.
(**1) Ni.: Iieiaeaiea i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee n iaeiia?a-
iaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia, ooaa?aeaeaiiia Oea-
cii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a. – AAN, 1992, ? 28, no. 1657.
(**2) AAN, 1991, ? 27, no. 927.
(**3) AAN, 1992, ? 28. no. 1614.
(**4) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O
!!66
Aaaeiaeoei iiiaioii a oa?aeoa?enoeea eciaiaiey noaoona i?e
i?aia?aciaaiee yaeyaony aii?in i i?aaii?aainoaa noauaeoia, iiy-
aeaoeony a ?acoeueoaoa i?aia?aciaaiey.
A aeoao, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo i?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee, oi/iiai
ioaaoa ia yoio aii?in a ioiioaiee i?aaei?eyoee, i?eia?aoaaiuo
ia aoeoeeiia e ii eiieo?no, iao. I?eia?aoaiea i?aaei?eyoey ia
aoeoeeiia ia o?aaoao io iieoiaoaey auiieiaiey eaeeo-eeai on-
eiaee e eae aoaeoi ia i?aaeiieaaaao ia?aiaiaiey i?eia?aoaaiiai
aeieaaie. I?eia?aoaiea ia eiieo?na o?aaoao io iieoiaoaey au-
iieiaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaee, onoaiaaeeaaaiuo niioaaonoao-
thuei eiieoaoii ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii, ii oneiaey eii-
eo?na, ia?a/eneyaiua a i. 2.8 A?aiaiiiai iieiaeaiey i i?eaaoe-
caoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii eiieo?no (*1), ia aeeth/atho o?aaiaaiee i
i?aaii?aainoaa. A oi aea a?aiy i?e i?aia?aciaaiee i?aaei?eyoey
a ioe?uoua aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa a neeo i. 4.3 A?aiaiiiai iie-
iaeaiey i i?aia?aciaaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo
i?aaei?eyoee a ioe?uoua aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa (*2) onoaiaaeeaaaony
i?aaii?aainoai a ioiioaiee i?aa e iaycaiiinoae ainoaea?noaai-
iiai, ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey, eiaaoeony o iaai ia iiiaio
i?aia?aciaaiey, a oii /enea i?aa iieueciaaiey caieae e ae?oaeie
i?e?iaeiuie ?ano?naie.
A niioaaonoaee n i. 10 Iieiaeaiey i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?-
noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee n iaeiia?aiaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoee-
iia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia (*3) aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai, nicaeaiiia
a ii?yaeea eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee (/oi ioiineony e ?ai?aaiecaoeee),
noaiiaeony i?aaii?aaiieeii i?aa e iaycaiiinoae i?aia?aciaaiiiai
i?aaei?eyoey.
Iaeiaei e i?e i?iaaaeaiee aoeoeeiia, e i?e i?iaeaaea ii eiieo?no
eioi?iaoeeiiiua niiauaiey iieoiaoaeyi-o/anoieeai eiieo?na e
aoeoeeiia aeeth/atho naaaeaiey ia iaycaoaeuenoaao i?aaei?eyoee (oi?-
aiauo, athaeaeaoiuo) e?aaeeoiuo).
Iiiaauaiea i aeieaao icia/aao, /oi iie ia?aeaeao e i?eia?aoa-
oaeyi e n ieie oa aeieaeiu aoaeoo n/eoaoueny, oi anoue i?aainoaiaaoue
eo.
Oaeei ia?acii, i?aia?aciaaiea-i?eaaoecaoeey i?aaeiieaaaao i?a-
aii?aainoai, oioy e ia ioiineony e iau/iie ?ai?aaiecaoeee. Iau/iay
?ai?aaiecaoeey a oi?ia i?aia?aciaaiey i?ienoiaeeo oieueei i?e ec-
(**1) I?eeiaeaiea e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y 1992 a. ? 66
no.312.
(**2) I?eeiaeaiea ? 3 e oiio aea Oeaco io 29 yiaa?y 1992 a.
(**3) Ooaa?aeaeaii Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a. ?721. -AAN, 1992,?2ss.
no. 1657.
!!67
iaiaiee i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe. Caeanue i?a-
aii?aainoai inouanoaeyaony eae iai?aiaiiia naienoai ?ai?aaieca-
oeee.
7. A neo/ayo nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey eee i?aia?aciaaiey aai ia
iniiaa i?eaaoecaoeee aiciiaeii o?aaiaaiea i ?ac?aoaiee caieiaoueny
niioaaonoaothueie aeaeaie aeayoaeueiinoe. Caeii auaeaeaaao oaeia
o?aaiaaiea, eiaaea ia caiyoea ii?aaeaeaiiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe o?aaoaony eaaeeoeeaoeeiiiue aooanoao: eiaaea aeey aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey o?aaoaony o/anoie caiee, ae?oaea i?e?iaeiua ?ano?nu;
eiaaea i?aaei?eyoea nicaeano i?iecaiaenoai ii ?aoaieth ?anioaeeeai-
neeo i?aaiia. A yoeo neo/ayo iaiaoiaeeii ?ac?aoaiea ?aeiiiie eee
ai?iaeneie aaeieieno?aoeee (no. 36 Caeiia ).
Iniaie oi?iie ?ac?aoaiey ia caiyoea ii?aaeaeaiiuie aeaeaie
aeayoaeueiinoe yaeyaony iieo/aiea eeoeaicee. Iaiaoiaeeiinoue eeoeai-
cee onoaiaaeeaaaony caeiiii aeey eiiia?/aneeo aaieia e ae?oaeo
e?aaeeoiuo o/?aaeaeaiee (*1), aeey oiaa?iuo ae?ae (*2), ae?aeaauo iin?aaeie-
eia e a?iea?ia (*3), eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia (*4), oiiaeiauo ae?ae (*5), o/an-
oieeia eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, auiieiythuea niioaaonoaoth-
uea aeaeu ?aaio (*6), ae?oaeo o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe,
eiaaea yoi niaoeeaeueii i?aaeoniio?aii caeiiii. Eeoeaicee ai anao
oaeeo neo/ayo auaeatho i?aaiu, oiieiiii/aiiua caeiiii, i?aaeon-
iio?aaoei iaiaoiaeeiinoue iieo/aiey eeoeaicee. Iie aea oiieiiia-
/eaathony a ii?aaeaeaiiuo caeiiii neo/ayo, eiaaea iieo/eaoaa ee-
oeaiceth i?aaei?eyoea ia?ooaao i?aaeea aaaeaiey ?ac?aoaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoueth, ia iocua eeoeaicee.
8. I?ae?auaiea i?aaei?eyoee eiaao aeaa oi?iu: eeeaeaeaoeeth e
?ai?aaiecaoeeth. I?e eeeaeaeaoeee i?ae?auaiea nii?iaiaeaeaaony i?a-
e?auaieai aeae e eiouanoaa. ?ai?aaiecaoeey aea icia/aao oieueei
i?ae?auaiea nouanoaiaaaoaai i?aaei?eyoey a aai i?aaeiai aeaea
(iooai neeyiey, ?acaeaeaiey, i?eniaaeeiaiey, i?aia?aciaaiey a eioth
(**1) No. 2 Caeiia
? 27 no. 357.
(**2) No. 12 Caeiia “0 oiaa?iuo ae?aeao e ae?aeaaie oi?aiaea>. – AAN. 1992, \” 18,
no. 961.
(**3) Oai aea. no. 23.
(**4) No. 19 Iieiaeaiey ia eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeao, ooaa?aeaeaiiiai Oeacii I?aceaeaioa
?O 7 ieoya?y 1992a., no.21 Iieiaeaiey i niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oii-
aeao i?eaaoecaoeee, aeeoioee?othueo i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee a?aaeaeai, ooaa?aeaeaiiia
oai aea Oeacii. – AAN, 1992, ? 42, no. 2370.
(**5) Ni.: i. 57 Iieiaeaiey i auioneo e a?auaiee oeaiiuo aoiaa e oiiaeiauo ae?ae a
?NON?, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?NON? io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 a.
?78.-NI ?O, 1992. ? 5, no. 26.
(**6) No. 6 Caeiia
I?e ?ai?aaiecaoeee yoi aiciiaeii a neo/ayo i?eioaeeoaeueiiai
?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey, inouanoaeythuaai iiiiiieenoe/aneoth aea-
yoaeueiinoue, ii ?aoaieth Aioeiiiiiieueiiai eiieoaoa ?O (no. 19
Caeiia ) (*1).
?ai?aaiecaoeey i?aaei?eyoey, eioi?ay iiaeao aucaaoue yeieiae/an-
eea, nioeeaeueiua, aeaiia?aoe/aneea e eiua iineaaenoaey, cao?aaeaa-
thuea eioa?anu ianaeaiey oa??eoi?ee, aeieaeia niaeaniauaaoueny n
niioaaonoaothuae aaeieieno?aoeeae e?ay, iaeanoe, ?aeiia, ai?iaea a
caaeneiinoe io ianooaaa oaeeo iineaaenoaee.
Eeeaeaeaoeeth i?aaei?eyoey inouanoaeyao niaoeeaeueii nicaeaaaaiue
aeey yoiai i?aai – eeeaeaeaoeeiiiay eiienney eeai i?aai, oiieii-
ii/aiiue nianoaaiieeii. Eeeaeaeaoeeiiiay eiienney iiiauaao a
ioeoeeaeueiie ia/aoe ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey ioaeeeaoeeth
i aai eeeaeaeaoeee, aiciiaeiinoe cayaeaiey i?aoaicee a n?ie, ia
iaiaa aeaoo ianyoeaa, auyaeyao e iiaaoaao aeieae e o?aaiaaiey,
ninoaaeyao eeeaeaeaoeeiiiue aaeain e ia?aaeaao aai ooaa?aeaeaiea
nianoaaiieeo eee i?aaio, iacia/eaoaio eeeaeaeaoeeiiioth eiien-
neth. N ooaa?aeaeaieai aaeaina e eneeth/aiee i?aaei?eyoey ec Aino-
aea?noaaiiiai ?aano?a i?aaei?eyoea n/eoaaony eeeaeaee?iaaiiui.
Eeeaeaeaoeey i?aaei?eyoey ia iniiaaiee iauyaeaiey aai aaie?ioii
inouanoaeyaony a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii (*2). Aaie?ionoai yaeyaony iniaui niiniaii
eeeaeaeaoeee, ioee/athueiny iniiaaieyie (iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue),
niaoeeaeueii o/?aaeaeaaiuie i?aaiaie aeey icaei?iaeaiey aeayoaeueiin-
oe, e, iaeiiaoe, eeeaeaeaoeeae a neo/aa iaaiciiaeiinoe naie?iaaiey
i?aaei?eyoey, iniaui (eiieo?niui) ii?yaeeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey aeieaia
iaaeaeo e?aaeeoi?aie.
(**1) AAN, 1991, ? 16, no. 499.
(**2) AAN, 1993.? 1,no.6.
!!69
Ca nicaeaieai, neeyieai, i?eniaaeeiaieai, i?aia?aciaaieai, eee-
aeaeaoeeae oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia a neo/ayo e i?aaeaeao, onoaiia-
eaiiuo aioeiiiiiieueiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, onoaiaaeeaaaony ai-
noaea?noaaiiue eiio?ieue ii eeiee Aioeiiiiiieueiiai eiieoaoa, ei-
oi?ua ai?aaa ioeacaoue a niioaaonoaothueo neo/ayo a ?ac?aoaiee ia
oaeea ?aoaiey (*1) eee, iai?ioea, iiaeaea?aeaoue oaeea i?ioeannu (*2).
9. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee io-
iineony e eiiiaoaioeee i?aaei?eyoee. I?aaei?eyoea naii ?aoaao
aii?in i naiae no?oeoo?a e ooaa?aeaeaao iieiaeaiey i niioaaono-
aothueo iiae?acaeaeaieyo, eioi?ua a caaeneiinoe io o?iaiy iai-
niaeaiey, aioo?eoicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee e aiciiaeiinoae
auoiaea ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoee (iu eiaai a aeaeo ainoaea?no-
aaiiua e ioieoeeiaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey) auaatho ?aciuo aeaeia
(ni. ia yoii 13 ianoiyuae aeaau). Anee i?e nicaeaiee iiae-
?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee i?eiaiyeenue aeiaiai?iua oi?iu, oi e
i?ae?auaiea eo aeieaeii niioaaonoaiaaoue iaoneiaeaiiui aeiai-
ai?iii oneiaeyi.
10. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia ia?acoaiuo a ainoaea?no-
aaiii-i?aaiaii ii?yaeea (ainoaea?noaa e ?aaeiiia), ia ioiineony
nianoaaiii e oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao. I?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi nicaeaiiua
a yoii ii?yaeea noauaeou aeaenoaotho a oaeii ea/anoaa e iaeaaeatho
oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeeae eae aeaiiua caeiiii i?aaiaua ?aaeue-
iinoe.
A i?eioeeia o noauaeoia iaeeiaeiaiai o?iaiy – ?aaiay oicyeno-
aaiiay eiiiaoaioeey, ia caaenyuay io oa?aeoa?a onoaaa eiie?aoiiai
?aaeiia e aeeth/aaiuo a iaai iieiaeaiee. Onoaaiia ?aaoee?iaaiea
a yoii neo/aa ia eanaaony aiaoiae oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee
eiie?aoiiai ?aaeiia, a iai?aaeaii ia onoaiiaeaiea aioo?e?aaeii-
iuo ioiioaiee, ?ani?aaeaeaiey eiiiaoaioeee iaaeaeo i?aaiaie, au-
?aaeathueie aieth aeaiiiai ia?aciaaiey.
11. Anoue noauaeou, aeaenoaothuea ia aaca iniaiai caeiiiaeaoaeueiiai
iaania/aiey, eioi?ua ia?acothony e i?ae?auathony a ii?yaeea, ii-
?aaeaeyaiii yoei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii. E eo /eneo ioiinyony, a /an-
oiinoe, e?anoueyineea (oa?ia?neea) oicyenoaa. Aeey eo nicaeaiey e
i?ae?auaiey i?aaeoniio?aiu iniaua oneiaey, naycaiiua n iniaui
ii?yaeeii auaeaeaiey caiaeueiiai o/anoea, eaaeeoeeaoeeae eeoe, ni-
caeathueo e?anoueyineia oicyenoai.
Ia yoii aoaeao neacaii a 13 ianoiyuae oaiu.
Iniaue ii?yaeie nicaeaiey e i?ae?auaiey aeaenoaoao aeey iauaaee-
iaiee i?aaei?eyoee. Aeey iaai oa?aeoa?ia aeia?iaieueiinoue nicaeaiey
(**1) No. 17 Caeiia . – AAN, 1991, ? 16. no. 499.
(**2) No. 21 oiai aea Caeiia.
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e i?ae?auaiey. Aai iiaeii auei au ioianoe e /eneo aeiaiai?ii-o/-
?aaeeoaeueiuo e aeiaiai?ii-i?ae?auaaiuo n oii eeoue iii?aaeie.
/oi aeiaiai?ii ia iiaeao auoue ia?aie/aii i?aai ia naiaiaeo auoiaea
i?aaei?eyoey ec ninoaaa iauaaeeiaiey.
A iineaaeiaa a?aiy iiyaeeenue iiaua no?oeoo?u n aeinoaoi/ii
iaii?aaeaeaiiui i?aaiaui noaoonii. Iu eiaao a aeaeo oeiainiai-
i?iiuoeaiiua a?oiiu. Eo nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea naaiaeiy aanueia
iaii?aaeaeaiii, eae ia aiieia ynai e nai noaoon yoeo ia?aciaaiee.
Ia yoeo oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiuo a?oiiao iu aiai?ei ia n. 100
ianoiyuae ?aaiou.
4. Iauea iieiaeaiey i i?aaei?eyoeyo eae noauaeoao
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Aii?in i i?aaei?eyoeyo eae noauaeoao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
yaeyaony, iiaeaeoe, oeaio?aeueiui n?aaee ?anniao?eaaaiuo a ianoiy-
uae oaia.
Aeaei a oii, /oi yoi aeaaiay oeao?a a oicyenoaiaaiee. I?aae-
i?eyoea yaeyeinue ia i?ioyaeaiee naie aeanyoeeaoee iii?iie aacie
niaaoneie nioeeaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieee e, noaey ii anaio, inoaiaony
oaeiaie e i?e ia?aoiaea e ?uieo, iioiio /oi ieeaeia eiaeeaeaeo-
aeueiia i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai ia a ninoiyiee auiieieoue caaea/e i?i-
ecaiaenoaa, iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai ?acaeoey, no?ieoaeuenoaa, o?ain-
ii?oa e ae?oaeo noa?, ia i?eaaaay e nicaeaieth o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa.
Oieueei i?aaiecoaiue (eee i?eaea/aiiue ia aaca iaeia ?aaioie-
eia) eieeaeoea a ninoiyiee ?aoeoue caaea/e e?oiiiai (ioiineoaeueii
e?oiiiai eee aeaaea iaeiai, ii yooaeoeaiiai) i?iecaiaenoaa, no?i-
eoaeuenoaa, ?ac?aaioee iao/iie i?iaeaiaoeee, ianooaaiie o?ain-
ii?oe?iaee a?ocia e ia?aaicee iannaaee?ia, nayce, oi?aiaiai, eii-
ioiaeueiiai, auoiaiai ianeoaeeaaiey. Iiyoiio i?eioeeieaeueiua
iiaeoiaeu e i?aaiaie i?aaiecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee yaeythony aeey i?a-
aiaaaeia aaaeiaeoeie n?aaee ae?oaeo. Eiaiii a yoii noauaeoa oicye-
noaiaaiey nin?aaeioi/ai ocae i?aaiauo i?iaeai. Eiaiii caeanue au-
yaeythony aeaaiua aii?inu i?aaiaiai noaoona, ia aiai?y oaea i
o?aaeeoeeiiiii eioa?ana i?aaiaaaeaiey e i?iaeaiai nouiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoey, aai th?eaee/aneie ee/iinoe, oai?ee ia?aciaaiey e i?ae?a-
uaiey i?aaei?eyoee.
A oneiaeyo ?aceiai eciaiaiey ei?aiiuo onoiaa oi?iaoeee, ia-
?aoiaea e ?uieo, iiyaeaiey /anoiuo i?aaei?eyoee, iiiaiia?acey
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i, anoanoaaiii, aanueia o?oaeii aeaoue
en/a?iuaathuea e aeaaea aa?aioe?iaaiii oi/iua ?aoaiey. Iiyoiio
eiaiii a aeaiiie oaia auaeaeaathony iiaeoiaeu e ?aoaiey, eioi?ua
aoaeoo iiiaie?aoii ianoaeaeaoueny a i?aaiaie iaoea aeey oiai, /oiau
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i?eeoe e auaa?aiiui i?aaiaui eiino?oeoeeyi, e iauai?eiyoiio
iiieiaieth i?aainoauaeoiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo aeaaiie
oeao?u yeiiiieee
2. Iaeiei ec ia?auo aii?inia a i?iaeaia i?aaei?eyoee anoaao
aii?in i nouiinoe i?aaei?eyoey. *oi niaie i?aaenoaaeyao yoio
iiiaieeeee e iiiaicia/auee oaiiiai? Eaeiau oaiaeaioeee aai
?aoi?ie?iaaiey a oneiaeyo ?uiea? Iiaeii ee iaeoe caeanue aaeeioth
oi?ioeo aeey i?aaei?eyoey eee iaiaoiaeeii n?aco ?acaeaeeoue i?i-
aeaio iienea nouiinoe i?aaei?eyoey ia ianeieueei /anoae a ca-
aeneiinoe io oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe, ia eioi?ie iii iniiaaii,
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu, noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe e ae?. oae-
oi?ia?
A niaaoneie i?aaiaie aeieo?eia iauyniaiea nouiinoe i?aaei?e-
yoey a eiioea eiioeia auei i?eiyoi ia aaca o/aiey aeaaeaieea A.A.
Aaiaaeeeoiaa. Eco/ay niaaoneoth aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue, ii iainiiaae
nouiinoue i?aaei?eyoey – th?eaee/aneiai eeoea ia iniiaa oai?ee
eieeaeoeaa. O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea ia aaca ainoaea?noaaiiiai (eee
eiiia?aoeaiiai) eiouanoaa ai aeaaa n ainoaea?noaaiiui (eee ec-
a?aiiui eiiia?aoeaii) ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e au?aaeae nouiinoue i?aae-
i?eyoey, eae i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ia?aciaaiey. Yoa oai?ey auea
aini?eiyoa caeiiiaeaoaeai e i?aeoe/anee ?aaeeciaaia a Iieiaea-
iee i nioeeaeenoe/aneii ainoaea?noaaiiii i?iecaiaenoaaiiii i?aae-
i?eyoee (*1), ae?oaeo aeoao i noaoona eiuo ia?aciaaiee (*2). Aei iineaaeieo
aeoia i noaoona ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee (*3) caeiiiaeaoaeue i?e-
aea?aeeaaeny iauyniaiey nouiinoe i?aaei?eyoey n iiceoeee oai?ee
eieeaeoeaa.
A oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo caeiiiaeaoaeue nianoee iiaeoiae e
iauyniaieth i?aaei?eyoey iainiiaaieai aai nouiinoe oeao?ie i?aae-
i?eieiaoaey. Ec Caeiia iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi nouiinoue ethaiai i?aaei?e-
yoey, eae /anoiiai, oae e ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioieoeeiaeueiiai naaiaeiy
au?aaeaao yoa oeao?a. No. 3, 16-20, 31 Caeiia iicaieyao naeaeaoue
auaiae, /oi nianoaaiiee-i?aaei?eieiaoaeue eeai noauaeo, oi?aaeyth-
uee aai eiouanoaii ia i?aaa oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey n onoaiiaea-
ieai i?aaeaeia oaeiai aaaeaiey nianoaaiieeii eiouanoaa, ?aaeecoao
eiiiaoaioeeth i?aaei?eyoey. E i?aaei?eieiaoaeth ia?aoiaeyo ana i?aaa,
iaycaiiinoe e ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoey. Aeaaea ia ainoaea?noaai-
iii e ioieoeeiaeueiii i?aaei?eyoee o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea, caeeth/ea
eieeaeoeaiue aeiaiai? n aaeieieno?aoeeae, ii?aaeaeea oneiaey eiio-
(**1) NI NNN?. 1965, ? 10-20, no. 155.
(**2) NI NNN?. 1974. ?8, no. 38; NI NNN?. 1976. ? 2. no. 13 e ae?.
(**3) Ni.: Caeii NNN? “0 ainoaea?noaaiiii i?aaei?eyoee (iauaaeeiaiee)”, i?eiyoue 30
ethiy 1787 a. – Ecae. Ecaanoey, I., 1987, Caeii NNN? ni niaoeeaeueiui ?aaoee?iaa-
ieai aeayoaeueiinoe ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia i?aaei?eyoee.
Iacaaiiue caeii a ea/anoaa i?yiiai (e aaeeinoaaiiiai) aeoa,
?aaeaiaioe?othuaai noaoon i?aaei?eyoey, ioiineony e /anoiui (na-
iaeiui), ainoaea?noaaiiui e ioieoeeiaeueiui i?aaei?eyoeyi, nia-
oaiiiio oiaa?euanoao, iauaaeeiaieyi i?aaei?eyoee. Aeey aeoeei-
ia?iuo iauanoa, aaieia, ae?ae, oaeaea i?eciaaaaiuo i?aaei?eyoe-
yie, eiaaony aeiiieieoaeueiia ?aaoee?iaaiea a aeaea aeoia,
niaoeeaeueii ?aaeaiaioe?othueo eo aeayoaeueiinoue a niioaaonoaothuae
noa?a, eiouanoaaiioth aaco e oicyenoaaiioth eiiiaoaioeeth. Yoi
icia/aao, /oi ia?yaeo n aeaenoaeai iaueo ii?i caeiia i i?aaei?eyoee
i?eiaiythony e ii?iu, io?aaeathuea iniaua /a?ou eo noaoona,
ioa?aie/eaathuea ioee/eoaeueiua /a?ou eo noaoona i?aaei?eyoey
aiiaua, eae au niaoeeaeece?othuea i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea i?aaei?e-
yoee i?eiaieoaeueii e iniaaiiinoyi noa?u eo aeayoaeueiinoe. Ia-
i?eia?, ii?iu Caeiia
aiai?yo i aaieianeeo iia?aoeeyo e naeaeeao, i cai?auaiee iia?aoeee
ii i?iecaiaenoao e oi?aiaea iaoa?eaeueiuie oeaiiinoyie, ii no?a-
oiaaieth (ca eneeth/aieai no?aoiaaiey aaethoiuo e e?aaeeoiuo
?eneia). Caeii iniaui
ia?acii ii?aaeaeyao noa?o aeayoaeueiinoe oiaa?iuo ae?ae, onoaiaa-
eeaaao, /oi ae?aea ia iiaeao inouanoaeyoue oi?aiaoth, oi?aiai-iin-
?aaeie/aneoth e eioth aeayoaeueiinoue, iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia naycaiioth
n i?aaiecaoeeae ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee, /oi ae?aea ia ai?aaa inouan-
oaeyoue aeeaaeu, i?eia?aoaoue aeiee (iae), aeoeee i?aaei?eyoee, o/-
?aaeaeaiee e i?aaiecaoeee, anee oeacaiiua noauaeou ia noaayo oeaeueth
inouanoaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe ii i?aaiecaoeee ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee
(no. 3 Caeiia).
Iieiaeaiea ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao ?ane?uaaao noaoon aeoee-
iia?iiai iauanoaa n iiceoeee iniaaiiinoae aai ono?ienoaa, i?aa
aeoeeiia?ia, i?aaiecaoeee eiouanoaaiiie aacu.
5. E iauaa e iniaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea i?aaiaiai iieiaeaiey
i?aaei?eyoee ?acee/iiai aeaea enoiaeeo oaeaea ec ?acee/ey i?aaie-
caoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu i?aaei?eyoee. Iiyoiio aeey oiai, /oiau
ia?aeoe e inaauaieth i?aaiaiai iieiaeaiey i?aaei?eyoee, ?acee/a-
thueony ii naiae i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?ia, iaiaoiaeeii au-
ynieoue, /oi aea i?aaenoaaeyao niaie a i?eioeeia i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?a-
aiaay oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey.
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Eae aea neaaeoao ii?aaeaeeoue iiiyoea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaay
oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey? *oi noieo ca yoei oa?ieiii? Ec eaeeo yea-
iaioia iia neeaaeuaaaony?
Iiae i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iie i?aaei?eyoey iaaeeaaeeo
iiieiaoue niaieoiiinoue eiouanoaaiiuo e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ioee-
/ee, niiniaia oi?ie?iaaiee eiouanoaaiiie aacu, iniaaiiinoae
acaeiiaeaenoaey nianoaaiieeia, i?aaei?eieiaoaeae e o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa i?aaei?eyoey, eo ioaaonoaaiiinoe ae?oa ia?aae ae?oaii e
eiio?aaaioaie.
Eiouanoaaiiua ioee/ey io?aaeatho oi, ia eaeie oi?ia niano-
aaiiinoe eee ia aaca eaeiai aauiiai i?aaa aeaenoaoao i?aaei?eyoea.
Anee yoi ainoaea?noaaiiia eiouanoai (eee aai i?aiaeaaeathuay
/anoue (*1), oi iu eiaai aeaei n ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaei?eyoeai, iaoi-
aeyueiny a oaaea?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe eee nianoaaiiinoe e?aaa,
iaeanoae, ?anioaeeee, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai ie?oaa.
Anee i?aaei?eyoea iniiauaaao naith aeayoaeueiinoue ia aaca io-
ieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa eee n aai i?aiaeaaeaieai, iu eiaai
aeaei n ioieoeeiaeueiui i?aaei?eyoeai. Eiaaea i?aaei?eyoea i?e-
iaaeeaaeeo a?aaeaeaieio (eee aai naiuea), iu ii?aaeaeyai aai eae
/anoiia (naiaeiia) i?aaei?eyoea. A Caeiia eiaiii ii oi?ia nianoaai-
iinoe ?acee/athony ia?aua o?e i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaua oi?iu
(no. 6-8).
Iineaaeothuea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaua oi?iu (oiaa?euanoaa,
aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa, a?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey, iauaaeeiaiey i?aae-
i?eyoee) caeiiiaeaoaeue ioiineo e iaeiie (/anoiie) oi?ia nianoaai-
iinoe th?eaee/aneeo eeoe.
Oai ia iaiaa e i?e iaeiie oi?ia nianoaaiiinoe caeanue eiathony
eiouanoaaiiua ioee/ey a aeaea ?acee/ee a niiniaao niaaeeiaiey
eiouanoaa nianoaaiieeia e i?aaei?eieiaoaeae. A oiaa?euanoaao
eiouanoai niaaeeiyaony ia aaca aeiaiai?a aeey niaianoiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe. A aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao ioe?uoiai oeia – aeey niaianoiie
(**1) Aii?in ia eiouanoaaiiie ia?a ioianaiey i?aaei?eyoey e /eneo ainoaea?noaaiiuo
yaeyaony i?iaeaiaoe/iui. Iiaeii iieaaaoue, /oi i?eiaaeeaaeiinoue ainoaea?noao ia iaiaa
51 % onoaaiiai eaieoaea icia/aao iaee/ea ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey. Iaeiaei a
?yaea neooaoeee caeiiiaeaoaeue ?anoeaieaaao iieiaeaiea i?aaei?eyoey a ea/anoaa ainoaea?-
noaaiiiai e i?e iaiueoae aeiea i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe ainoaea?noao i?aaei?eyoey. E i?eia?o,
ia iiaoo auoue i?eia?aoaoaeyie eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey n i?eiaaeeaaeiinoueth ainoaea?-
noao aieaa 25% onoaaiiai eaieoaea a neo/ayo i?eaaoecaoeee. I?aaeeueiui ana aea
neaaeoao n/eoaoue, /oi e /eneo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee neaaeoao ioianoe oa ec ieo.
eioi?ua iaeaaeatho i?aaii ?aoaiey ia aaca ainoaea?noaaiiiai iioaioeeaea eiouanoaa,
oi anoue n onoaaiui eaieoaeii ia iaiaa 51%. Ana inoaeueiua neooaoeee aunooieaiey a
iai?ioa ii niaoeeaeueiui oeacaieyi caeiiiaeaoaey neaaeoao ?anoeaieaaoue eae aunooiea-
iea o/anoieeia niaoaiiie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe. Aii?in yoio, iaeiaei, ioaeaeaaony a
i?eioeeieaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeueiii ?aoaiee.
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aeayoaeueiinoe ia iniiaa i?eia?aoaiey aeoeee (ni. no. no. 9-12 Caeiia
i i?aaei?eyoeyo).
Eiouanoaaiioth aaco aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey iiaeao au?aaeaoue
e i?aaeinoaaeaiiia nianoaaiieeii i?aaei?eieiaoaeth i?aai oicyeno-
aaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii, eiaaea iauai iieiiii/ee i?aaei?eyoey
ii?aaeaeyao nianoaaiiee – o/?aaeeoaeue i?aaei?eyoey.
A a?aiaeiii i?aaei?eyoee oiaa?eue naycaiu a?aiaeiie oi?iie
i?eia?aoaiey eiouanoaa aeey i?aaei?eyoey. A iauaaeeiaieyo i?aae-
i?eyoee eiouanoai auaeaeyaony i?aaei?eyoeyie a niaeaniaaiiie ia?a
aeey ?aoaiey iinoaaeaiiuo ia?aae iauaaeeiaieai caaea/.
A eiiia?aoeaiii i?aaei?eyoee eiouanoai niaaeeiyaony a oi?ia
eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaie eee eieeaeoeaii-niaianoiie nianoaaiiin-
oe.
I?aaiecaoeeiiiua ioee/ey au?aaeathony ai aioo?aiiae eiino?oe-
oeee oi?aaeaiey aeaeaie i?aaei?eyoey. A ainoaea?noaaiiii e ioie-
oeeiaeueiii i?aaei?eyoee oi?aaeythuei yaeyaony iacia/aiiue eee
i?eiyoue ii eiio?aeoo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, aieae eioi?iai e i?eieiathony
aioo?aiiea e aiaoiea ?aoaiey i?aaei?eyoea.
A iieiii oiaa?euanoaa aunooieaiea a iai?ioa i?ienoiaeeo ii
aiea iaeiiai eee ianeieueeeo /eaiia, oiieiiii/aiiuo aeiaa?ai-
iinoueth aeaenoaiaaoue io eiaie anao oiaa?euae. A niaoaiiii oi-
aa?euanoaa aai aieth au?aaeaao aeaenoaeoaeueiue /eai, oiieiiii-
/aiiue aeiaa?aiiinoueth aeaenoaiaaoue io eiaie ae?oaeo aeaenoaeoaeue-
iuo /eaiia.
A aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao aiey au?aaeaaony iauei nia?aieai e
eiuie i?aaiaie, noi?ie?iaaiiuie a niioaaonoaee n onoaaii ia-
uanoaa. A iauaaeeiaiee i?aaei?eyoee eo aieth au?aaeaao nicaeaiiay
ia aeiaiai?iie iniiaa aee?aeoeey (i?aaeaiea, niaao).
Iniaaiiinoe acaeiiaeaenoaey nianoaaiieeia, i?aaei?eieiaoaeae
o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia i?aaei?eyoey a ?acee/iuo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-
i?aaiauo oi?iao i?aaei?eyoey i?iyaeythony i?aaeaea anaai a ?acee/ee
o/anoey a aeaeao i?aaei?eyoee nianoaaiieeia – o/?aaeeoaeae i?aae-
i?eyoey.
Nianoaaiiee-ainoaea?noai e ?aaeii ieeiaaea ia o/anoaotho iaiin-
?aaenoaaiii a oi?aaeaiee aeaeaie i?aaei?eyoey, a ii?o/atho ?aaee-
caoeeth oicyenoaiaaiey o?oaeiaiio eieeaeoeao e iacia/aiiiio (i?e-
aea/aiiiio ii eiio?aeoo) ?oeiaiaeeoaeth. Ana oaeea i?aaei?eyoey
oicyenoaotho ia iaeeiaeiauo, au?aaeaiiuo a caeiia ia/aeao n ini-
aaiiinoyie, auoaeathueie ec yoeo onoaaiuo caaea/ e noa?u aeay-
oaeueiinoe.
A?aaeaeaiei-nianoaaiiee i?aaei?eyoey iiaeao nai inouanoaeyoue
?oeiaiaenoai (eee niaianoii n /eaiaie naiuee) i?aaei?eyoeai, ii
iiaeao ii?o/eoue aaaeaiea aeae i?aaei?eieiaoaeth, iaiai?ea a aeiaiai?a
oneiaey aaaeaiey aeae.
!!77
Nianoaaiieee, niaaeeieaoeany a oiaa?euanoai, iiaoo acaeiiaeae-
noaiaaoue a oiaea oicyenoaiaaiey ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a i niaianoiie
aeayoaeueiinoe e Onoaaa i?aaei?eyoey, iaiai?ea oneiaey oaeiai aca-
eiiaeaenoaey. Anee aea oiaa?eue-nianoaaiieee ii?o/atho aaaeaiea
aeae i?aaei?eieiaoaeth, iineaaeiee aeaenoaoao a ?aieao aeaiiuo aio
iieiiii/ee.
Aeey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa acaeiiaeaenoaea ii?aaeaeyaony ni-
aeaniaaiiui oi?aaeaieai aeaeaie iauanoaa anao aai o/anoieeia.
A iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia i?aiaeaaeatho ?aoaiey ia iniiaa i?i-
noiai eee eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiiai aieueoeinoaa. Caeanue ionoonoaotho
yeaiaiou ee/iie nayce, ee/iiai aeiaa?ey, eioi?ua nouanoaotho a
iauanoaa cae?uoiai oeia. A iauanoaa cae?uoiai oeia iiaoo auoue
i?aaeoniio?aiu aeanoeea oneiaey auoiaea e aeaaea aiiaua iaaiciiae-
iinoue ia?aaea/e aeiee ae?oaei eeoeai. A aeoeeiia?iii iauanoaa io-
e?uoiai oeia auoiae ec iaai naiaiaeai e inouanoaeyaony iooai
i?iaeaaee aeoeee.
A eiiia?aoeaao, aeaenoaothueo ia aaca eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaie e
eieeaeoeaii-niaianoiie nianoaaiiinoe, /eaiu acaeiiaeaenoaotho eae
o/anoieee eieeaeoeaa. Iaeiaei i?e yoii nio?aiytho i?aai naiaiaeiiai
auoiaea ec eiiia?aoeaa n ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeaiiie (eieeaeoeaii-aeiea-
aie aa?eaio) eee ii?aaeaeyaiie i?e auoiaea (eieeaeoeaii-niaiano-
iue aa?eaio) aeieae eiouanoaa.
A iauaaeeiaiee i?aaei?eyoee oi?ia nio?oaeie/anoaa o/anoieeia
ii?aaeaeyaony aeiaiai?ii. Ana o/anoieee eiatho i?aai naiaiaeiiai
auoiaea ec ninoaaa iauaaeeiaiey ia oneiaeyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aai
onoaaii.
O?oaeiaua eieeaeoeau i?aaei?eyoee eiatho ?aciue iauai eii-
iaoaioeee, a caaeneiinoe io oiai, eaeia yoi ainoaea?noaaiiia (io-
ieoeeiaeueiia) eee /anoiia i?aaei?eyoea. O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea
i?aaei?eyoey, iacaaeneii io aai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?-
iu:
– ?aoaao aii?in i iaiaoiaeeiinoe caeeth/aiey n aaeieieno?a-
oeeae eieeaeoeaiiai aeiaiai?a, ?anniao?eaaao e ooaa?aeaeaao aai
i?iaeo;
– ?anniao?eaaao e ?aoaao aii?inu naiioi?aaeaiey o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa a niioaaonoaee n onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey;
– ii?aaeaeyao ia?a/aiue e ii?yaeie i?aaeinoaaeaiey ?aaioieeai
i?aaei?eyoee nioeeaeueiuo eueaio ec oiiaeia o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa;
– ii?aaeaeyao e ?aaoee?oao oi?iu e oneiaey aeayoaeueiinoe ia
i?aaei?eyoee iieeoe/aneeo ia?oee, ?aeeaeiciuo e ae?oaeo iauano-
aaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee.
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioieoeeiaeueiiai, a oaeaea
i?aaei?eyoey, a eiouanoaa eioi?iai aeeaae ainoaea?noaa eee ianoiiai
Niaaoa ninoaaeyao aieaa 50%:
!!78
– niaianoii n o/?aaeeoaeai i?aaei?eyoey ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey
eiio?aeoa i?e iaeia ?oeiaiaeeoaey;
– i?eieiaao ?aoaiea i auaeaeaiee ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey iae-
iiai eee ianeieueeeo no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee aeey nicaeaiey iiaiai
i?aaei?eyoey.
I?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaua oi?iu ?acee/athony oaeaea ii eii-
no?oeoeee ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoee ia?aae eiio?aaaioaie, a
oaeaea ioaaonoaaiiinoe nianoaaiieeia-o/?aaeeoaeae e i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeae, niaaeeieaoeony aeey aaaeaiey aeae i?aaei?eyoey, ae?oa ia?aae
ae?oaii.
Ainoaea?noaaiiua e ioieoeeiaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey ioaa/atho na-
iinoiyoaeueii, a ainoaea?noai e ?aaeiiu-nianoaaiieee ioaa/atho
ca ieo oieueei a neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii, iai?eia?,
anee ainoaea?noai eee ?aaeii aunooieee a ea/anoaa aa?aioia i?aae-
i?eyoey.
Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiia (naiaeiia) /anoiia i?aaei?eyoea ioaa/aao naiei
eiouanoaii a i?aaeaeao, ii?aaeaeyaiuo onoaaii. Yoi icia/aao, /oi
ii aeieaai i?aaei?eyoey iiaeao auoue i?eaea/ai e iaiin?aaenoaaiii
aai nianoaaiiee, /eaiu aai naiuee, anee yoi caoeene?iaaii a onoaaa
i?aaei?eyoey. A naiaeiii i?aaei?eyoee ioaaonoaaiiinoue /eaiia naiuee
ii aeieaai i?aaei?eyoey e ae?oa ia?aae ae?oaii ii?aaeaeyaony niaeaoa-
ieai iaaeaeo ieie.
A iieiii oiaa?euanoaa ana o/anoieee ianoo iaia?aie/aiioth
nieeaea?ioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii iaycaoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa anai
naiei eiouanoaii.
A niaoaiiii oiaa?euanoaa aeaenoaeoaeueiua /eaiu ianoo iieioth
nieeaea?ioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii iaycaoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa anai
naiei eiouanoaii. *eaiu-aeeaae/eee ianoo ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii iay-
caoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa a i?aaeaeao aeeaaea a eiouanoai oiaa?e-
uanoaa. E niaeaeaieth, caeii ia ii?aaeaeyao niioiioaiey o?aaiaaiee
e aeaenoaeoaeueiui oiaa?euai e /eaiai-aeeaae/eeai, oi anoue i?e-
i?eoaoiinoe eo oaeiaeaoai?aiey. Neaaeoao ee oaeiaeaoai?youe o?aai-
aaiey ii aeieaai nia/aea ec iannu eiouanoaa nieeaea?ii ioaaono-
aaiiuo eeoe, a caoai ia?aoiaeeoue ia eiouanoai /eaiia-aeeaae/eeia,
eee aea iaaeeaaeeo, ia?aiia/aeueii ia?aoea acuneaiea ia ana eio-
uanoai oiaa?euanoaa (aeaenoaeoaeueiuo /eaiia e aeeaaeu /eaiia-
aeeaae/eeia), aino?aaiaaoue iaaeinoathuaa ca n/ao i?i/aai eiouanoaa
aeaenoaeoaeueiuo /eaiia? I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi enoiaey ec niunea io-
iioaiee a niaoaiiii oiaa?euanoaa, neaaeoao i?eiyoue aoi?oth eii-
no?oeoeeth.
A oiaa?euanoaa n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth ana o/anoieee
ioaa/atho ii iaycaoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa a i?aaeaeao naieo aeeaaeia.
A aeoeeiia?ii iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianoo-
iaao aeey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, eae nianoaaiieea naiaai eiouanoaa.
!!79
Aeoeeiia?u, eae oaeiaua ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?aae eai-eeai ii aeieaai
iauanoaa ia ianoo. Iie iiaoo iioa?youe oieueei aeoeee ia iniiaa eo
iieiiai eee /anoe/iiai iaanoeaiaiey.
Aeey o/anoieeia iauaaeeiaiey i?aaei?eyoee eo ioaaonoaaiiinoue
ioaeaeaia io eiouanoaaiiie noa?u naiiai iauaaeeiaiey. Ioaaonoaai-
iinoue iauaaeeiaiey iiaeao ainiieiyoueny o/anoieeaie iauaaeeiaiey,
anee iaaeinoaao eiouanoaa iauaaeeiaiey, a ia?o, i?aaeoniio?aiioth
onoaaii.
Eoae, ii i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?ia auaeaeythony i?aaei?e-
yoey: ainoaea?noaaiiua, ioieoeeiaeueiua, /anoiua (naiaeiua) (*1); oi-
aa?euanoaa o?ao aeaeia; aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa, iauaaeeiaiey i?aae-
i?eyoee, a?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey.
Ii noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe e iniaaiiinoyi eiiiaoaioeee iacaae-
neii io i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu auaeaeythony: aaiee, ae?-
aee, no?aoiaua iauanoaa, oiiaeu, i?aaei?eyoey n eiino?aiiuie
eiaanoeoeeyie (a oii /enea niaianoiua i?aaei?eyoey). I/aaeaeii,
n ecaanoiie aeieae iaiai?ie nthaea iiaeii ioianoe e iaeua i?aae-
i?eyoey. Caeiiiaeaoaeue eca?ae eo aeey iniaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey n
oeaeueth iiiu?aiey aeayoaeueiinoe oaeeo i?aaei?eyoee. Ii onoaiiaee
ei ?yae eueaio, enoiaey ec caaea/e nei?aeoaai nicaeaiey ?uii/iuo
no?oeoo?, auno?i aaeaioe?othueony e eciaiythueiny oneiaeyi e
o?aaiaaieyi ?uiea (*2). Noi?ie?iaaeanue, oaeei ia?acii, iniaay eii-
iaoaioeey oaeeo i?aaei?eyoee. Yoi e aeaao iniiaaiey ?anniao?eaaoue
eo iniai.
?anniio?ei iineaaeiaaoaeueii i?aaiaua iniaaiiinoe iacaaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee n o/aoii oiai iauaai, /oi auei neacaii i ieo a ia-
noiyuai ia?aa?aoa.
5. Ioaeaeueiua aeaeu i?aaei?eyoee
A. Ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey
1. Ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey auaeaeythony ii eo eiouan-
oaaiiie aaca: oeaeeeii eee a i?aiaeaaeathuai ?acia?a ainoaea?-
noaaiiiai eiouanoaa (ni. n. 85) – yoi ainoaea?noaaiiay niano-
aaiiinoue oaaea?aeueiiai o?iaiy eee iaoiaeyuayny o e?aaa, iaean-
(**1) Iiaeii auaeaeeoue oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey i?eiaaeeaaeauea iauanoaaiiui iauaaeeiaie-
yi, ii aeey ieo oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue iineo neo/aeiue oa?aeoa? e aeieaeia niio-
aaonoaiaaoue onoaaiui caaea/ai iauanoaaiiiai iauaaeeiaiey, a ia oeaeyi ecaea/aiey
i?iauee.
(**2) Ni.: iinoaiiaeaiea Nianoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 18 ethey 1991a. ? 406
i?aaiecaoeee. I?aaei?eyoey aicaeaaeyeenue iacia/aiiui niioaaono-
aothuei ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiii ?oeiaiaeeoaeai, eioi?ue io eiaie
ainoaea?noaa ?aaeeciauaae anth aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaei?eyoey a niioaao-
noaee n eiio?aeoii eee i?eeacii i iacia/aiee. A iaeioi?uo neo/ayo
i?aaei?eyoey nicaeaaaeenue eae aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai e
cae?uoiai oeia, a eioi?uo aeoeee i?eiaaeeaaeaee ae?oaei i?aaei?e-
yoeyi ei?aaiecaoeeyi (ainoaea?noaaiiui ai?aiaeaaeathueo ?acia?ao,
/anoiui – a iaiueoeo ?acia?ao).
N ecaeaieai Oeaca I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 aiaea ? 721
ca eneeth/aieai niaoicia e oao, i?eaaoecaoeey eioi?uo cai?auaia
Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e
ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a 1992
aiaeo, iiaeeaaeao i?aia?aciaaieth a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?u-
oiai oeia. O/?aaeeoaeyie oaeeo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa aeieaeiu
noaoue niioaaonoaothuea eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii. Eo
i?aaiaie noaoon aeieaeai iie?aoueny ia niaoeeaeueiue Oeiiaie Onoaa
aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia, aeaiiue a ?acaeaea III
(**1) AAN. 1992, ?28. no. 1657.
!!81
Iieiaeaiey i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee n
iaeiia?aiaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?u-
oiai oeia (*1).
3. Nicaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiuo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa eiatho iaeiie
ec caaea/ iaeaa/eoue eo i?eaaoecaoeeth.
A ia?eiae aei i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey –
aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa iaoiaeyony a ia?aoiaeiii ninoiyiee ia iooe
e i?aia?aciaaieth a /anoiua. Aea?aeaoaeai aeoeee a yoio ia?eiae
yaeyaony niioaaonoaothuee Oiiae eiouanoaa, eioi?iio ia?aaeathony
i?aaa o/?aaeeoaey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa. A yoio iiiaio nicaeaaony
e aeaenoaoao ia i?aaei?eyoee ?aai/ay eiienney ii i?eaaoecaoeee,
eioi?ay ?ac?aaaouaaao a ia?aoiaeiue ia?eiae ieai i?eaaoecaoeee,
a eioi?ii a niioaaonoaee n Oeiiaui ieaiii i?eaaoecaoeee iaia-
/aaony aa?eaio i?eaaoecaoeee n iaai?ii niioaaonoaothueo (a ca-
aeneiinoe io aa?eaioa i?eaaoecaoeee) eueaio aeey ?aaioieeia i?aae-
i?eyoey.
A ioee/ea io iau/iiai, oi anoue aiiaue nicaeaaaaiiai, aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa (Iieiaeaiea ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiia
iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea
?601 aaeaiiii neo/aa ia aeaenoaoao) a aeaiiii aeoeeiia?iii iauanoaa
?aoathuae oeao?ie aunooiaao Oiiae eiouanoaa, yaeythueeny aea?-
aeaoaeai iieiaeiu eee aieaa /enea aeoeee. Ii eiaao i?aai i?eieiaoue
?aoaiey i eeeaeaeaoeee iauanoaa, i ?acaeaeaiee e auaeaeaiee iiae-
?acaeaeaiee ec aai ninoaaa; onoaiaaeeaaoue oneiaey eiio?aeoia n
aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie aaeieieno?aoeee Iauanoaa, a oaeaea ii?aaea-
eyoue ?acia?u ieeaaeia e aiciaa?aaeaeaiey aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe aaeie-
ieno?aoeee, /eaiia i?aaeaiey e /eaiia Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia Iauanoaa;
iaeeaaeuaaoue aaoi ia ethaua ?aoaiey ia inaiaiaeaeaiee aeieaeiinoiuo
eeoe aaeieieno?aoeee eee /eaiia Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia io ioaaonoaai-
iinoe.
Iieiiii/ey Oiiaea i?ae?auathony n oiai iiiaioa, eiaaea eiee-
/anoai i?eiaaeeaaeaueo aio aeoeee ninoaaeee iaiaa 50%, iaueii-
aaiiuo (oi anoue ?aoathueo) aeoeee Iauanoa.
4. A oiaea inouanoaeaiey ?aoi?iu i?eiaiyaony oaeaea e eiiia?-
oeeaeecaoeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee. A /anoiinoe, i?aia?aci-
aaiea eo a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa nii?iaiaeaeaaony eiiia?oeeaeeca-
oeeae. *oi yoi icia/aao? Caeiiiaeaoaeue a nouiinoe noaaeo ciae ?a-
aainoaa iaaeaeo i?aia?aciaaieai i?aaei?eyoee e
eiiia?oeeaeecaoeeae (*2).
(**1) Ooaa?aeaeaii yoei aea Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O.
(**2) Ni., a /anoiinoe, i. 1 Iieiaeaiey i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee n iaeiia?aiaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia (ni.
n. 117).
!!82
I?eia?aoaiea ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaei?eyoeai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-
i?aaiaie oi?iu aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa aeaenoaeoaeueii iaiyao noaoon
i?aaei?eyoee a iai?aaeaiee onoaiiaeaiey ia/ae aeayoaeueiinoe, iiae-
aa?aeaiiuo aicaeaenoaeth ?uii/iie n?aaeu. *a?ac eioa?an aeoeeiia?ia,
einoeooou ?aaeecaoeee i?aaa ia aeoeeth eae oi?aaeythuaa n?aaenoai,
eae n?aaenoai iieo/aiey aeioiaea a caaeneiinoe io ?acoeueoaoia oi-
cyenoaiaaiey, iiaay oi?ia eo/oa io?aaeaao o?aaiaaiey ?uiea. A
yoii niunea aeaenoaeoaeueii i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaay oi?ia aeoee-
iia?iiai iauanoa ianao a naaa cia/eoaeueii aieueoee ca?yae yeiii-
ie/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey aeayoaeueiinoe noauaeoa oicyenoaiaaiey ia-
aeaee
Aeoiaaony, iaeiaei, /oi ia oieueei oi?ia aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa
e anoue eiiia?oeeaeecaoeey i?aaei?eyoey. ?a/ue eaeao i oii, /oi nai
iiene iioeiaeueiiai yeiiiie/aneiai iiaaaeaiey noaiiaeony niioaao-
noaaiiui iio?aaiinoyi iiaie oi?iu. Iu aua oaeaeei, /oi eiiia?-
oeeaeecaoeey i?aaei?eyoey ia o?iaia ioieoeeiaeueiuo oi?i nianoaai-
iinoe auaeyaeeo ii-eiiio iacaaeneii io i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie
oi?iu. Iiea aea ioiaoei, /oi ia o?iaia ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaai-
iinoe i?aia?aciaaiea a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai icia/aao oneeaiea
yeiiiie/aneiai eioa?an aeoeeiia?ia e aeaeai naiaai i?aaei?eyoey
(aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa).
A. Ioieoeeiaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey
1. Iniiaaiiua ia ioieoeeiaeueiie oi?ia nianoaaiiinoe i?aaei?e-
yoey ai iiiaii ii naiaio noaoono iaiiieiatho ainoaea?noaaiiua
i?aaei?eyoey. Iainiaeaiea eo eiouanoaaiiie aacu a oi?ia i?aaa
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii ?aaeiia oaeaea icia/aao io-
iineoaeueioth oicyenoaaiioth aaoiiiieth e eneeth/aao aee?aeoeaiia
aicaeaenoaea ni noi?iiu ianoiuo i?aaiia i?aaenoaaeoaeueiie aeanoe
e ianoiie aaeieieno?aoeee, ca eneeth/aieai neo/aaa, i?yii i?aae-
oniio?aiiuo caeiiii.
A /anoiinoe, ?aeiiiay, ai?iaeneay aaeieieno?aoeey ii?aaeaeyo a
niioaaonoaee n caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii oneiaee i?eia?aoaiey, nicaeaiey,
i?aia?aciaaiey ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe; ooaa?aeaeaao ia?a-
/aiue iauaeoia ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, i?eia?aoaiea, ni-
caeaiea e i?aia?aciaaiea eioi?uo o?aaoao iniauo oneiaee (no. 55
i. 5, no. 66 i. 5 Caeiia i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee); ii?aaeaeyao
ii?yaeie ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee e ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa (no. 55 i. 7, no. 66 i. 7
Caeiia).
Ianoiay aaeieieno?aoeey ai?aaa auaeaaaoue (n ia?aaea/ae niioaao-
noaothueo iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia) i?aaei?eyoeyi e i?aaiecaoeeyi
ianoiue caeac a ?acia?a aei 5 i?ioeaioia iauaia i?iecaiaeeiie
!!83
i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia) e ieacuaaaiuo oneoa (no. 59 i. 4, no. 70 i. 4
Caeiia).
Caeii i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee i?aaeoniao?eaaao oaeaea aic-
iiaeiinoue aeiaiai?iiai acaeiiaeaenoaey n ioieoeeiaeueiuie i?aaei?e-
yoeyie ii aii?inai ?acaeoey ianoiiai oicyenoaa, eio?ano?oeoo?u
?aaeiia, i?eaea/aiey oiaa?ia aeey ianoiiai niaaaeaiey e ii ae?oaei
aii?inai ?acaeoey ianoiiai oicyenoaa.
Anoanoaaiii, /oi ana oaeiai ?iaea iieiiii/ey i?iaoee?othony ia
noaoona ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey, aeaeatho aai a eaeie-oi ia?a
caaeneiui io eiiiaoaioeee ianoiuo i?aaiia aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey.
Iaeiaei yoa caaeneiinoue eanaaony oieueei onoaiiaeaiey i?yii i?aae-
oniio?aiiuo caeiiii aiciiaeiinoae yoeo i?aaiia. Iiyoiio ca ecu-
yoeai oaeeo aiciiaeiinoae noaoon ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey a
iniiaiuo naieo /a?oao (a oaeaea ca ecuyoeyie a iieueco eiiiaoaioeee
aini?aaei?eyoee) oa?aeoa?ecoaony oae aea, eae e o aini?aaei?eyoey.
2. Aii?in i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee ia
naycai n i?aia?aciaaieai i?aaei?eyoee a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa,
oioy iineaaeiaa oaeaea ia eneeth/aaony.
Eiiia?oeeaeecaoeey caeanue icia/aao oaeoth ?ai?aaiecaoeeth no?oe-
oo? oi?aiaee e auoiaiai ianeoaeeaaiey (*1), eioi?ay aaea e ?acoe?oi-
iaieth e?oiiuo i?aaei?eyoee (oi?aia, eiiaeiaoia auoiaiai ianeo-
aeeaaiey e ae?.) e nicaeaieth iaeaiueeeo i?aaei?eyoee (aoaeuea, ian-
oa?neeo, aaiue, i?a/a/iuo, oei/enoie, oioiaoaeuea,
ia?eeiaoa?neeo) a ?aiaa th?eaee/aneeo eeoe. A ?acoeueoaoa eiiia?-
oeeaeecaoeee aac eciaiaiey oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe (iia inoaaony
ioieoeeiaeueiie) aeaenoaiaaaoea a oneiaeyo aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai
?an/aoa no?oeoo?u iieo/atho noaoon th?eaee/aneiai eeoea e aeeth-
/athony a oicyenoaaiiue iai?io a ea/anoaa iieiii?aaiuo o/ano-
ieeia.
A. *anoiua (naiaeiua) i?aaei?eyoey
1. Aeey oaeiai i?aaei?eyoey oa?aeoa?ii, /oi iii i?eia?aoaao naie
noaoon, iineieueeo inouanoaeyao i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue
n i?eaea/aieai iaaiiiai o?oaea ia aaca eiouanoaa, i?eiaaeeaaeauaai
a?aaeaeaieio eee /eaiai aai naiuee (no. 2 Caeiia ). A onoaaa oaeiai i?aaei?eyoey
io?aaeaaony aai iaeiaiiaaiea, aae?an, eeoei, ?oeiaiaeyuaa i?aaei?e-
yoeai, e eeoei, yaeythuaany nianoaaiieeii aai eiouanoaa. I?aaie-
(**1) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?NON? io 25 iiya?y 1991 a. . -AAN. 1991, ?48, no. 1675; Oeac I?a-
ceaeaioa io 28 iiya?y 1991 a. . – Oai aea, no. 1694.
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caoeeiiii-i?aaiaay oi?ia /anoiiai i?aaei?eyoey iiaeao auoue, ii-
aeaeeiiio, oieueei a aeaoo aa?eaioao: /anoiia e /anoii-naiaeiia
i?aaei?eyoea. A iineaaeiai neo/aa aicieeaao aii?in i iaiaoiaeeiinoe
ooaa?aeeoue a onoaaa ii?yaeie ?ani?aaeaeaiey i?eauee iaaeaeo /eaiaie
naiuey – o/?aaeeoaeyie e ninianoaaiieeaie i?aaei?eyoey.
2. Aunooieaiea /anoiiai (naiaeiiai) i?aaei?eyoey a iai?ioa aei-
eaeii nii?iaiaeaeaoueny i?eciaieai aai th?eaee/aneei eeoeii. Eae
th?eaee/aneia eeoei iii aeieaeii ianoe ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii iaycaoaeue-
noaai naiei eiouanoaii. Iaeiaei a onoaaa iiaeao auoue oeacaia
aiciiaeiinoue ioaaonoaaiiinoe e iaiin?aaenoaaiii nianoaaiieea i?aae-
i?eyoey naiei eiouanoaii (no. 2 i. 3 iacaaiiiai caeiia). I?aaeaeu
oaeie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii?aaeaeythony onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey. Aeey na-
iaeiiai i?aaei?eyoey iie iiaoo aa?uee?iaaoueny ii?aaeaeaieai aeiee
ioaaonoaaiiinoe eaaeaeiai /eaia naiuee-nianoaaiieea i?aaei?eyoey.
Iiaeao i?eiaiyoueny e nieeaea?iay ioaaonoaaiiinoue a ?aieao, i?aae-
oniio?aiiuo onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey.
Io oiaa?euanoaa ai anao aeaeao aai naiaeiia i?aaei?eyoea ioee/aao
eae ieieioi
eioi?iai ninianoaaiieeai iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe ouaoaeueii th?eaeece?i-
aaoue acaeiiioiioaiey ii oie eee eiie iiaeaee oiaa?euanoaa. Iie
no?iyony a niioaaonoaee n niaeaoaieai iaaeaeo niaie /eaiia naiuee.
A. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oiaa?euanoaa
1. Oiaa?euanoaa i?aaenoaaeytho niaie i?aaei?eyoey, aicieeoea
ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a i niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe aeaoo e aieaa noau-
aeoia, niaaeeieaoeo naia eiouanoai aeey aaaeaiey iaueo aeae a
oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey.
Caeii i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
oniio?ae o?e aa?eaioa aaaeaiey oaeeo aeae: a oi?ia iieiiai, nia-
oaiiiai oiaa?euanoaa e oiaa?euanoaa n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaai-
iinoueth. Eo ioee/aao niinia niaaeeiaiey eiouanoaa e iiaeaeue ioaao-
noaaiiinoe oiaa?euae ii aeieaai i?aaei?eyoey. A iieiii
oiaa?euanoaa, a nouiinoe, ana no?ieony ia acaeiiaeaenoaee o/ano-
ieeia aac aeanoeie oi?iu i?aaei?eyoey. Oioy iieiia oiaa?euanoai
e noieo a ?yaeo iaeiie ec i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i i?aaei?eyoey,
ii iii ia yaeyaony th?eaee/aneei eeoeii. A neeo oaeie eiino?oeoeee
oiaa?euanoai ia ?aaeno?e?oaony a ea/anoaa i?aaei?eyoey. ?aaeno?a-
oeee iiaeeaaeao o/anoieee oiaa?euanoaa n oeacaieai, /oi iie ?aaen-
o?e?othony a ea/anoaa aai /eaiia (*1). Aaaeaiea aeae oiaa?euanoaa a
(**1) Caeii ?NON? . – AAN, 1992, ? 8.
no. 360.
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ionoonoaee i?aaiecaoeeiiiie oi?iu i?aaei?eyoey inouanoaeyaony ia
aaca aeiaa?aiiinoe, auaeaaaaiie iaeiiio ec o/anoieeia aeey aaaeaiey
iaueo aeae.
Ana o/anoieee iieiiai oiaa?euanoaa ianoo iaia?aie/aiioth
nieeaea?ioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii iaycaoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa anai
naiei eiouanoaii. Onoaiiaeaiea oaeie eiino?oeoeee iiiyoii: anee
iao i?aaei?eyoey n aai onoaaiui oiiaeii, oi ioaaonoaaiiinoue iiaeao
auoue ia?aianaia oieueei ia eiouanoai niaaeeieaoeony a oiaa?e-
uanoai eeoe, a aeey oiai, /oiau aa?aioe?iaaoue eiio?aaaioia oaeiai
ia?aciaaiey, ioaaonoaaiiinoue no?ieony eae iaia?aie/aiiay e ni-
eeaea?iay.
I?e anai yoii i?inoia oiaa?euanoai ana aea eiaao nianoaai-
iia iaeiaiiaaiea n oeacaieai eiaie ia iaiaa iaeiiai ec o/an-
oieeia.
Aaee a oaeia oiaa?euanoai iauaaeeiythony th?eaee/aneea eeoea, oi
au?aceoaeai oaeie niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe yaeyaony oieueei aeiaiai?
iaaeaeo ieie. Ieeaeeo ?aaeno?aoeee aeey oaeiai niiauanoaa th?eaee-
/aneeo eeoe ia o?aaoaony.
2. A niaoaiiii oiaa?euanoaa niaianoiay aeayoaeueiinoue i?eia-
?aoaao oa?aeoa? acaeiiaeaenoaey a oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey. A iai ii-
?aciiio neeaaeuaathony eiouanoaaiiua ioiioaiey o/anoieeia e
oi?aaeythuea aiciiaeiinoe oiaa?euae. ?aoathuoth ?ieue a aeaeao
niaoaiiiai oiaa?euanoaa ea?atho aai aeaenoaeoaeueiua /eaiu. Iie
niaianoii eee a eiii ii?yaeea i?eieiatho ?aoaiey ii aaaeaieth aeae
oiaa?euanoaa. Oaeie ii?yaeie oeene?oaony a o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieo-
iaioao e onoaaa oiaa?euanoaa. Aeaenoaeoaeueiua /eaiu a nayce n
yoei ianoo iaia?aie/aiioth nieeaea?ioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii aeaeai
oiaa?euanoaa.
*eaiu – aeeaae/eee ea?atho eioth ?ieue: iie i?aaeinoaaeytho oi-
aa?euanoao naia eiouanoai, ii ia i?eieiatho o/anoey a aaaeaiee
aai aeae. A nayce a yoei eo ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aie/eaaaony eo
eiouanoaaiiui aeeaaeii.
Niaoaiiia oiaa?euanoai yaeyaony th?eaee/aneei eeoeii e eiaao
nianoaaiiia iaeiaiiaaiea n oeacaieai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie
oi?iu e eiaie ia iaiaa iaeiiai aeaenoaeoaeueiiai /eaia.
3. Oiaa?euanoai n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth caeii i?e-
?aaieaaao eae aoaeoi e aeoeeiia?iiio iauanoao cae?uoiai oeia e
oa?aeoa?ecoao eae iauaaeeiaiea a?aaeaeai e (eee) th?eaee/aneeo eeoe
aeey niaianoiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (no. II Caeiia i i?aae-
i?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe). Yoi iauaaeeiaiea
eiaao a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a ee/iinoiue, aeiaa?eoaeueiue oa?aeoa?.
O/anoieee oiaa?euanoaa ciatho ae?oa ae?oaa e iioiio ia?aiaia
oeao?u o/anoieea n onooieie i?aaa ia aeeaae i?ienoiaeeo a ii?yaeea,
i?aaeoniio?aiiii onoaaii oiaa?euanoaa. Caeii aiai?eo, /oi aeey
!!86
ia?aoiaea aeeaaeia io iaeiiai o/anoieea e ae?oaei eeoeai iaiaoiaeeii
niaeanea o/anoieeia oiaa?euanoaa. Yoi iiiyoii. Aeayoaeueiinoue
oaeiai oiaa?euanoaa iniiaaia ia ia?aie/aiee ioaaonoaaiiinoe
?acia?ii aeeaaea, a oi?ie?iaaiea aiee oiaa?euanoaa ii iauaio
i?aaeeo i?ienoiaeeo n o/aoii ?acia?a aeeaaea (anee eiia ia ii?a-
aeaeaii onoaaii oiaa?euanoaa). Yoi aeaeaao caaeneiui iieiaeaiea
eaaeaeiai ec o/anoieeia io ?aoaiee ae?oaiai o/anoieea oiaa?euan-
oaa. Iiyoiio eciaiaiea aai ninoaaa i?ienoiaeeo n niaeaney eaaeaeiai
ec /eaiia. A onoaaa iiaoo auoue cae?aieaiu ?acee/iua aa?eaiou
eciaiaiey ninoaaa o/anoieeia oiaa?euanoaa, ii niaeanea ia oio
eee eiie aa?eaio ia?aiaiu a aai ninoaaa, ia?aoiaea aeeaaea e
ae?oaei eeoeai aeieaeii auoue iai?aiaiiui. A onoaaa iiaeao auoue
i?aaeoniio?aii, /oi aeoeeiia?u ia ai?aaa o?aaiaaoue io iauanoaa
aica?aoa eo aeeaaeia (*1).
4. Anoue ee ?acee/ea a noaoona oiaa?euanoaa n ia?aie/aiiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoueth e aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa cae?uoiai oeia?
Ii-aeaeeiiio, anoue, e iie ii?aaeaeythony oai, /oi oiaa?euanoai
ia auioneaao aeoeee, a aeaenoaoao ia aaca niaaeeiaiey aeeaaeia.
Aeeaaeu, eae oaea aiai?eeinue, ia?aoiaeyo e ae?oaei eeoeai n niaeaney
ae?oaeo o/anoieeia (no. II i. 2 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo), a aio aeoeee
cae?uoiai iauanoaa iiaoo ia?aoiaeeoue io iaeiiai eeoea e ae?oaiio n
niaeaney aieueoeinoaa aeoeeiia?ia (anee eiia ia iaiai?aii a onoaaa
iauanoaa) (*2).
Aeey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa cae?uoiai oeia oa?aeoa?iui ya-
eyaony iniaue ii?yaeie o/?aaeaeaiey, oi?ie?iaaiea nenoaiu i?aaiia
oi?aaeaiey iauanoaii (?acae. XVIII Iieiaeaiey
iiai aee?aeoi?a. A oiaa?euanoaa, iniaaiii n iaaieueoei eiee/an-
oaii o/anoieeia, a oaeie nenoaia i?aaiia iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe e
oi?aaeaiea iiaeao auoue i?aaieciaaii a ii?yaeea, ii?aaeaeaiiii
onoaaii.
5. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia.
Yoi aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iauaaeeiaiea a?aaeaeai
e (eee) th?eaee/aneeo eeoe aeey niaianoiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe) nicaeaaaaiia ca n/ao naiaiaeiie i?iaeaaee aeoeee ethaui caei-
oa?aniaaiiui oece/aneei eee th?eaee/aneei eeoeai.
Aai eiouanoaaiiay aaca – iniiaiua e iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa, i?e-
ia?aoaiiua a ?acoeueoaoa nai?a n?aaenoa ia iniiaa aeoeeiie?iaaiey, –
i?eiaaeeaaeeo aeoeeiia?iiio iauanoao (no. 14 Caeiia ) e oi?aaeyaony iauanoaii ia iniiaa aieueoeinoaa
I. 8 Iieiaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai Ni-
aaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y 1990 a. ?601.
I. 7 iacaaiiiai Iieiaeaiey.
!!87
aieinia aeoeeiia?ia (i, 103-105 Iieiaeaiey
Iaaei neacaoue, /oi a oa?aeoa?enoeea eiouanoaaiiie aacu ae-
oeeiia?iiai iauanoaa eiaaony iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue. A i. 43 Iie-
iaeaiey
iinoe iaeaaeaoaey aeoeee ia aeieth a onoaaiii eaieoaea iauanoaa,
oi anoue nianoaaiiinoue iauanoaa i?aaenoaaeaia a ea/anoaa aeieaaie.
Yoi oeacaiea, yaeyaony, ii-aeaeeiiio, iaoi/iui. Anee enoiaeeoue
ec iaai, oi e oi?aaeaiea aeoeeiia?iie nianoaaiiinoueth neaaeoao
no?ieoue niioaaonoaaiii ii aeieaaiio oa?aeoa?o i?aaa, oi anoue i?e-
iaieoaeueii eao. 117 AE ?NON? ia iniiaa iauaai niaeaney eee
i?e ionoonoaee oaeiaiai – ii ?aoaieth noaea. Nai oa?aeoa? aeay-
oaeueiinoe iauanoaa aeaeaao iaaiciiaeiui iianaaeiaaiia oi?aaeaiea
aai aeaeaie iiae/eieoue iaoaiecio ?aaeecaoeee aeieaaie nianoaai-
iinoe. E oiio aea e-ec i?aaiaiai iieiaeaiey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa
ia auoaeaao aiciiaeiinoe eno?aaiaaiey aeoeeiia?aie naieo aeeaaeia
(i. 8 Iieiaeaiey). A /ai ninoieo oiaaea i?aai ia aeieth? I/aaeaeii,
/oi i?aaa aeoeeiia?a caeeth/athony a aiciiaeiinoe o/anoaiaaoue a
oi?aaeaiee aeaeaie iauanoaa, iieo/aoue aeeaeaeaiaeu e inoaaoothny
iinea ?an/aoia e auiieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoa aeieth a eiouanoaa, a
oaeaea aeieth iinea eeeaeaeaoeee iauanoaa. I?aaa aeoeeiia?ia iinyo,
ii iaoaio iiaieth, ia aauiue, a iaycaoaeuenoaaiiue e /eaineee
oa?aeoa?.
6. Oi?aaeaiea aeoeeiia?iui iauanoaii a niioaaonoaee n aai on-
oaaii iineo aeinoaoi/ii neiaeiue oa?aeoa?, iiae/eiaii iniaui i?i-
oeaaeo?ai nicuaa nia?aiee aeoeeiia?ia (aiaeiauo e /?acau/aeiuo),
iiaanoee eaaeaeiai nia?aiey, eai?oia, i?einoaiiaeaiey e aiciaiia-
eaiey nia?aiee e ae?. O aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa neiaeiay no?oeoo?a
i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey: Niaao aee?aeoi?ia, eiathuee ecae?aaiiai Ni-
aaoii i?aaenaaeaoaey, caianoeoaeae: iacia/aaiiai nia?aieai aeoeei-
ia?ia ec /enea aee?aeoi?ia – aaia?aeueiiai aee?aeoi?a (i?aceaeaioa
iauanoaa); i?aaeaiea iauanoaa. ?ani?aaeaeaiea eiiiaoaioeee iaaeaeo
ieie inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaaiee onoaaa iauanoaa (no. 20 Iie-
iaeaiey) .
Aeayoaeueiinoue aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia aace?oaony
ia nai?a n?aaenoa ca n/ao i?iaeaaee aeoeee. Aeoeee – oeaiiua aoiaae,
iaeaaeathuea aieueoie iai?ioiniiniaiinoueth, iineieueeo naiaiaeii i?i-
aeathony ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa. Iie auaatho iaueiiaaiiuie (n
i?aaii aieina) e i?eaeeaae?iaaiiua (aac i?aaa aieina, ii n oee-
ne?iaaiiui i?aaii ia aeeaeaeaiaeu).
Ia iniiaa auionea i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo aeoeee inouanoaeyaony
i?eaea/aiea n?aaenoa iauanoaii a aacaica?aoiie oi?ia. Yoe n?aae-
noaa ia ninoaaeytho caaiiiai eaieoaea, iiaeiaii n?aaenoaai, i?e-
aea/aiiui a ii?yaeea ae. XI Iieiaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao
!!88
n iiiiuueth auionea iaeeaaoeee. Iaeeaaoeey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
aeieaiaia iaycaoaeuenoai iauanoaa a aeaea oeaiiie aoiaae, i?aaenoaa-
eythuae i?aai aa aeaaeaeueoeo ia auieaoo iiieiaeueiie noiiu a
iaiai?aiiue n?ie e aaeaaiaeii – iaiai?aiiuo i?ioeaioia. A neeo
iaeeaaoeee aeaaeaeaoe iieo/aao ia?aoii aeaiiua acaeiu n?aaenoaa e
i?ioeaiou ii aeieao. Ii i?eaeeaae?iaaiiie aeoeee aeaaeaeaoe iie-
o/aao aa?aioe?iaaiioth /anoue i?eauee io iauanoaa, a n?aaenoaa,
aeiaeaiiua a aa i?eia?aoaiea, ii ai?aaa iieo/eoue, ?aaeeciaaa
aeoeeth ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa.
7. Iauanoai auioneaao oieueei eiaiiua aeoeee, aeaaeaeueoeu eioi-
?uo ?aaeno?e?othony a niaoeeaeueiii ?aano?a, aaaeouainy a iauanoaa.
A ?aano?a aeoeeiia?ia oeacuaaaony eiee/anoai e eaoaai?ee aeoeee,
aeaoa eo i?eia?aoaiey, iaeiaiiaaiea (eiy) e ianoiiaoiaeaeaiea (ian-
oi aeeoaeuenoaa) aeoeeiia?a, iiieiaeueiay noieiinoue e oeaia i?eia?a-
oaiey aeoeee. Naeaeea ii eoiea-i?iaeaaea aeoeee ioi?ieyaony ienue-
iaiii ia aeaiea onoaiiaeaiiie oi?iu. Iieiaeaiea ia aeoeeiia?iuo
iauanoaao ia naycuaaao aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe naeaeee n aa iineaaeothuae
?aaeno?aoeeae a ?aano?a. ?aano?, oaeei ia?acii, yaeyaony n?aaenoaii
o/aoa aeoeeiia?ia, ia aaca eioi?iai inouanoaeythony /eaineea ae-
oeeiia?iua ioiioaiey (aucia ia nia?aiea, ?aaeecaoeey i?aaa ia
aeeaeaeaiae e ae?.).
8. Aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai ai?aaa aunooiaoue a ethaie noa?a aeay-
oaeueiinoe. Yoa i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaay oi?ia naaiaeiy ?ani?ino-
?aiaia a i?iiuoeaiiinoe, oi?aiaea, aaieianeii, ae?aeaaii, no?a-
oiaii aeaea. Ia yoo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaoth oi?io a iaycaoaeueiii
ii?yaeea ia?aoiaeyo ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey a i?ioeanna iiaeai-
oiaee e i?eaaoecaoeee. Iaeiaei eo i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea naiaia?acii.
Iii ?aaeaiaioe?iaaii a niaoeeaeueiuo aeoao (ni. n. 183-184). Iu
?anniio?ei aai iniai a oaia .
Ae. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea iauaaeeiaiee i?aaei?eyoee
1. I?aaei?eyoey iiaoo iauaaeeiyoueny a ?acee/iuo oi?iao e n
?aciie noaiaiueth eioaa?aoeee naieo aeae e eiouanoaa a caaeneiinoe
io oeaeae, eioi?ua i?aneaaeotho iauaaeeiaiey. Iie iiaoo auoue
eiioea?iaie, annioeeaoeeyie, iaaeio?aneaauie, ?aaeiiaeueiuie
iauaaeeiaieyie. Iacaaeneii io yoiai caeiiiaeaoaeue noaaeo ana yoe
iauaaeeiaiey a iieiaeaiea i?aaei?eyoee e n/eoaao eo iaeiie ec
ia?aiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i i?aaei?eyoey. Niaoeeaeueiuo ae-
oia ii ioaeaeueiui ?aciiaeaeiinoyi iauaaeeiaiee ia ecaeaaaeinue,
iiyoiio oa?aeoa? eaaeaeiai iauaaeeiaiey ii?aaeaeyaony aeiaiai?ii
iauaaeeiythueony i?aaei?eyoee e ooaa?aeaeaiiui eie onoaaii iau-
aaeeiaiey.
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2. Aeey iauaaeeiaiee oaeiai ?iaea iai?aiaiiui yaeyaony aei-
a?iaieueiinoue eo nicaeaiey. Ia nae?ao, /oi a ia?aoiaeiue ia?eiae
?aoi?ie?iaaiey noa?uo no?oeoo? iauaaeeiaiey nicaeaaaeenue io-
ithaeue ia ia aeia?iaieueiie iniiaa. Aa?oiaiue Niaao ?NON?, ?an-
niao?eaay II ieoya?y 1991 a. aii?in i nicaeaiee e aeayoaeueiinoe
annioeeaoeee, eiioea?iia, ei?ii?aoeee e ae?oaeo iauaaeeiaiee i?aae-
i?eyoee (*1), onoaiiaee, /oi aii?aee caeiio Niaao Ieieno?ia
?NON?, ae?oaea i?aaiu aianoi aeia?iaieueiinoe a nicaeaiee iau-
aaeeiaiee naieie i?aaei?eyoeyie aee?aeoeaii nicaeaee iiiai-
/eneaiiua no?oeoo?u, iaaeaeea eo aeanoiuie iieiiii/eyie ii
oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie. A nayce n yoei
Aa?oiaiue Niaao ?NON? iinoaiiaee cai?aoeoue i?aaiai aino-
aea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey ?NON? aeaeaae?iaaoue ethaui,
a oii /enea ?aaeiiaeueiui, iaaeio?aneaaui e iaae?anioaeeeai-
neei nithcai, annioeeaoeeyi, eiioea?iai, ei?ii?aoeeyi e ae?oaei
iauaaeeiaieyi i?aaei?eyoeyi iieiiii/ey ii oi?aaeaieth aino-
aea?noaaiiui eiouanoaii e oeiaine?iaaoue eo aeayoaeueiinoue. Anai
nicaeaiiui eiioea?iai, annioeeaoeeyi, ei?ii?aoeeyi e anai ae?oaei
iauaaeeiaieyi cai?auaii inouanoaeyoue aeanoiua ooieoeee ii
ioiioaieth e aoiaeyuei a eo ninoaa i?aaei?eyoee, a oii /enea
?anii?yaeaoueny eo eiouanoaii, aunooiaoue a?aiaeiaeaoaeai aino-
aea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee, o/?aaeaeaiee, ?ai?aaieciaaoue e eee-
aeaee?iaaoue eo, iacia/aoue e oaieueiyoue ?oeiaiaeeoaeae ainoaea?no-
aaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee, aeaaaoue iaycaoaeueiua aeey eniieiaiey oea-
caiey.
3. A neeo yoiai eiouanoai iauaaeeiaiee ninoaaeytho oa iniiaiua
e iai?ioiua oiiaeu, eioi?ua aeia?iaieueii ii aeiaiai?o ia?aaeaiu
iauaaeeiaieyi. Oa?aeoa? i?aaa ia eiouanoai o iauaaeeiaiey i?aae-
noaaeyao niaie i?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, a iauai i?aaiii/ee
ii?aaeaeyaony aeiaiai?ii e onoaaii iauaaeeiaiey.
Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey iauaaeeiaiey ii?aaeaeyaony eneeth-
/eoaeueii oaie iieiiii/eyie, eioi?ua aeia?iaieueii ia?aaeaiu aio
iauaaeeiythueieny i?aaei?eyoeyie. Iauaaeeiaiey nicaeathony aeia?i-
aieueii e caeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao aiciiaeiinoue aeia?iaieueiiai auoiaea
ec aai ninoaaa. Ana i?aaei?eyoey nio?aiytho naiinoiyoaeueiinoue e
i?aaa th?eaee/aneiai eeoea.
Iaaeaeo niaie iauaaeeieaoeany i?aaei?eyoey oaeaea acaeiiaeaeno-
aotho ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a.
?aoaiea i aoiaeaeaiee a iauaaeeiaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee io-
ieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey, a oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey niaoaiiie oi?iu
nianoaaiiinoe, a eioi?ii aeiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai
i?aaei?eyoey eiouanoaa ninoaaeyao aieaa 50%, i?eieiaaony ii
(**1) AAN, 1991, ?43, no. 1373.
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niaeaniaaieth n o?oaeiaui eieeaeoeaii (no. 13 Caeiia i i?aaei?e-
yoeyo) .
4. A niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 5 aeaeaa?y 1993
aiaea ? 2096 a oicyenoaaiiue iai?io aaiaeyony iiaua
oicyenoaaiiua ia?aciaaiey. Oeacii ooaa?aeaeaii Iieiaeaiea i
oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiuo a?oiiao e ii?yaeea eo nicaeaiey. A
niioaaonoaee n yoei Iieiaeaieai oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiie
a?oiiie i?eciaaony ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiay a iniaii ?aano?a oe-
iainiai-i?iiuoeaiiuo a?oii ?O a?oiia i?aaei?eyoee, o/?aae-
aeaiee, i?aaiecaoeee, e?aaeeoei-oeiainiauo o/?aaeaeaiee e eiaan-
oeoeeiiiuo einoeoooia, iauaaeeiaiea eaieoaeia, eioi?uo i?iec-
aaaeaii a ii?yaeea e ia oneiaeyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aeaiiui
Iieiaeaieai.
Oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiua a?oiiu nicaeathony aa o/anoieeaie a
aeia?iaieueiii ii?yaeea eee iooai eiinieeaeaoeee iaeiei o/anoieeii
a?oiiu i?eia?aoaaiuo ei iaeaoia aeoeee ae?oaeo o/anoieeia. Iie
iiaoo nicaeaaaoueny ii ?aoaieth Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?O, a oaeaea ia
iniiaa iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo niaeaoaiee.
A oao neo/ayo, eiaaea o/anoieee a?oiiu nicaeatho aeoeeiia?iia
iauanoai ioe?uoiai oeia, noauaeoii i?aaa noaiiaeony yoi aeoeei-
ia?iia iauanoai, eioi?ia oi?aaeyaony o/anoieeaie (aeoeeiia?aie)
oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiie a?oiiu (i?e yoii aeieaeia auoue niaethaeaia
i?ioeaaeo?a aai nicaeaiey n i?iaa?eie aiciiaeiinoe o/?aaeaeaiey ii
aioeiiiiiieueiui iieacaoaeyi, ii niaethaeaieth i?aaeaeueii aeiionoe-
iiai iauaia ainnianoaaiiinoe, iauanoaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, aeaaio-
ai?eoaeueiuo e eiuo iauanoaaiiuo oiiaeia e ae?. iiceoeee – ni.
i.i. 7-8 Iieiaeaiey).
Eiaaea oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiay a?oiia nicaeaaony ia aaca ia?a-
aea/e iaeiiio ec o/anoieeia iaeaoa aeoeee a aeiaa?eoaeueiia oi?aaea-
iea, noauaeoii i?aaa yaeyaony aeaiiue o/anoiee, eioi?ue inouan-
oaeyao aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiuo aeae naiinoiyoaeueii n niaethaeaieai
eioa?ania ae?oaeo o/anoieeia, a niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii i ia?aaea/a
iaeaoia aeoeee (niaethaeaiea oeacaiiuo i?ioeaaeo? a yoii neo/aa i?e
nicaeaiee a?oiiu oaeiai aeaea oaeaea iaycaoaeueii).
Eiaaea iaeei ec o/anoieeia a?oiiu i?eia?aoaao iaeao aeoeee
ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee, iineaaeiea noaiiayony o/anoieeaie a?oiiu
(caeanue oaeaea aeieaeiu auoue niaethaeaiu oneiaey e iauay i?ioeaaeo?a
nicaeaiey a?oiiu), noauaeoii i?aaa yaeyaony iaeaaeaoaeue aeoeee.
Oeaeueth nicaeaiey oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiuo a?oii yaeyaony iau-
aaeeiaiea iaoa?eaeueiuo e oeiainiauo ?ano?nia aa o/anoieeia aeey
iiauoaiey eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoe e yooaeoeaiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa,
nicaeaiea ?aaeiiaeueiuo oaoiieiae/aneeo e eiiia?aoeeiiiuo naycae,
oaaee/aiea yenii?oiiai iioaioeeaea, onei?aiea iao/ii-oaoie/an-
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eiai i?ia?anna, eiiaa?nee iai?iiiuo i?aaei?eyoee e i?eaea/aiea
eiaanoeoeee.
I?eioeeieaeueii iiiyoii, /oi nicaeaiea oaeeo a?oii icia/aao
eiioeaio?aoeeth eaieoaea e aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe ca
n/ao niaaeeiaiey eiiiaoaioeee a aeoeeiia?iii iauanoaa, aeiaa?eoaeue-
iii oi?aaeaiee e iaee/ey o i?eia?aoaoaey iaeaoia aeoeee ae?oaeo
i?aaei?eyoee.
Iaeiaei, i?aaiaie noaoon o/anoieeia a aeaoo iineaaeieo neo/ayo^
(iniaaiii i?e i?iaeaaea aeoeee iaeiiio ec o/anoieeia a?oiiu) ia
ynai. Naia oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiay a?oiia ia eiaao /aoeie i?a-
aiaie iaiei/ee e iiea ia ynii, eaeia i?aaiaie noaoon aeaiiiai
ia?aciaaiey, eae oaeiaiai.
A. A?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey
1. Yoe i?aaei?eyoey iieo/eee ?ani?ino?aiaiea ia ?oaaaea eiioea
80-o aiaeia, eiaaea 23 iiya?y 1989 a. auee i?eiyou Iniiau caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee ia a?aiaea, eioi?ua a /anoe,
ia i?ioeai?a/auae caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, aeaeno-
aotho e iiiuia. Iaeiaei aeaaiia a iieiaeaiee a?aiaeiuo i?aaei?eyoee –
oe?ioa eiouanoaaiiuo i?aa (ni. no. 18 Iniia) e aiciiaeiinoue aueoia
a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa iooai aianaiey a?aiaeiie ieaou e aianaiey
iieiinoueth aii?oecaoeeiiiie aai noieiinoe (no. 10 Iniia) i?aoa?iaei
eciaiaiey. Eciaiaia e aiciiaeiinoue i?aia?aciaaiey a?aiaeiiai i?aae-
i?eyoey a ethaie aeae i?aaei?eyoey, aeaenoaothuaai ia iniiaa eieeae-
oeaiie nianoaaiiinoe, eai e yoiio a?aiaie a caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?NON?
yoa oi?ia nianoaaiiinoe auea yeeieie?iaaia.
2. Naaiaeiy a?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey a ?innee ia?acothony e aeae-
noaotho i?eiaieoaeueii e no. 15 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe, no. 19 Caeiia , Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 14 ieoya?y 1992 aiaea ? 1230
.
Yoeie aeoaie ii?aaeaeaii, /oi aeiaiai?u a?aiaeu, caeeth/aiiua
aei anooieaiey a neeo Caeiia ?NON? , a eioi?uo ii-
?aaeaeaiu n?iee, aaee/eia, ii?yaeie e oneiaey aueoia, inouanoaey-
aony ii cayaeaieth a?aiaeaoi?a a niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii a?aiaeu n
i?aaii aueoia.
Anee oaeea aeiaiai?u caeeth/aiu aei anooieaiey a neeo Caeiia
?NON? e a aeiaiai?ao ia auee ii?aaeaeaiu n?iee, aa-
ee/eia, ii?yaeie eee oneiaey aueoia, aueoi inouanoaeyaony:
– i?e noieiinoe eiouanoaa ia iiiaio naea/e aai a a?aiaeo aei 1
iei ?oaeae – ia iniiaaiee aeiiieieoaeueiiai niaeaoaiey ia a?aiaea
eiouanoaa. Aaee/eia aueoia, anee iia ia auea onoaiiaeaia aeiai-
ai?ii a?aiaeu, ii?aaeaeyaony a ?acia?a aeaoe?aoiie noieiinoe eio-
uanoaa, naeaiiiai a a?aiaeo;
– i?e noieiinoe eiouanoaa ia iiiaio naea/e aai a a?aiaeo nauoa
1 iei ?oaeae aueoi inouanoaeyaony iooai i?aia?aciaaiey i?aae-
i?eyoey – a?aiaeaoi?a a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai ioe?uoiai oeia.
*oi yoi icia/aao?
I?aaeaea anaai oi, /oi a?aiaeaoi?aie iiaoo auoue oieueei oa noaueaeou,
eioi?ua i?eaaee naith i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaoth oi?io a niioaao-
noaea n caeiiii . Oaeeie noauaeoaie iiaoo auoue oiaa?euanoaa.
Aeaeaa. Oneiaey aueoia nio?aiythony a niioaaonoaee n caeeth/ai-
iuie aeiaiai?aie aeey oao ec ieo, eioi?ua iineaaeiaaoaeueii ii?aaea-
eeee oneiaey aueoia aei anooieaiey a neeo Caeiia ?NON? . Aeey i?i/eo noauaeoia aueoi i?aaeoniao?eaaaony eeai ii
aeaoe?aoiie noieiinoe, eeai ii aeieaeai inouanoaeyoueny ia iniiaa
i?aia?aciaaiey a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai.
Ana inoaeueiua aa?eaiou aicieeiiaaiey e aeayoaeueiinoe a?aiaeiuo
i?aaei?eyoee aiciiaeiu aac i?aa aueoia ia iniiaa a?aiaeu, oi anoue
a?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey a iaeiie ec i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo Caeiiii i i?aaei?eyoee, iiaoo aicieeaoue, ii i?a-
ia?aciauaaoue oi?io nianoaaiiinoe iie aeieaeiu a neo/ayo e ia
oneiaeyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aeoaie i i?eaaoecaoeee.
A neeo yoiai noaoon aiiaue aicieeathueo a?aiaeiuo i?aaei?eyoee
aoaeao oa?aeoa?eciaaoueny iaeiie ec ?anniio?aiiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-
i?aaiauo oi?i i?aaei?eyoey, ca eneeth/aieai oiai ianoiyoaeuenoaa,
/oi eiouanoaaiioth aaco oaeiai noauaeoa aoaeao ninoaaeyoue aeaaiui
ia?acii a?aiaeiaaiiia eiouanoai.
6. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea aaieia
1. Aaiee – yoi i?aaiecaoeee iniaiai ?iaea. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea
aaieia ii?aaeaeaii aeaoiy caeiiaie: Caeiiii ?NON? io 2 aeaeaa?y
1990 a. (*1) ) e io 2
aeaeaa?y 1990 a. (*2)
(**1) AAN. 1990, ?27, no. 356.
(**2) AAN, 1990. ? 27, no. 357.
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Eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa aaiee oa?aeoa?ecothony neiaeiie
e iiiaiieaiiaie eiiiaoaioeeae. I?e ia?aii oaeoaeaiiii eco/aiee
noaoona aaieia iaiaoiaeeii onaieoue iiiaea aeou, oa?aeoa?ecothuea
eo iiiaiieaiiaoth eiiiaoaioeeth.
2. Aaiee – o/?aaeaeaiey, aeaenoaothuea a noa?a oeiainia, oi
anoue eo aeayoaeueiinoue i?ioiaeeo a noa?a aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey.
I?aaeiaoii eo aeoeee yaeythony aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, oeaiiua aoiaae,
ae?aaioeaiiua iaoaeeu, oi anoue ana, /oi auiieiyao ooieoeeth iea-
oaaea, ia?auaiey e e?aaeeoa a aeaiaaeiie (yeaeaaeaioii-aiciacae-
iie) oi?ia.
Aii?in i oii, yaeyaony ee aaie i?aaei?eyoeai e iiaeii ee ?an-
i?ino?aieoue ia iaai caeii – nii?ai. Anee n/eoaoue, /oi iaeuecy, oi iaaei a caeiia
?anniao?eaaoue e ?aoaoue oa
aii?inu, eioi?ua aiiaua ia ?aaoee?oao aeaiiue aeo, eeai ionueaao
e caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao ?O (iai?eia?, aii?inu i?ae?auaiey aaieia,
eo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i, o?oaeiauo ioiioaiee, nioeeaeue-
iie aeayoaeueiinoe e ae?.).
I?aaeeueiaa, ii iaoaio iiaieth, ana aea n/eoaoue aaie i?aaei?e-
yoeai, aeaenoaothuei a noa?a oeiainia e ?ani?ino?aiyoue ia iaai
iauea iieiaeaiey caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo, anee a caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
i aaieao ia i?aaeoniio?aii eiuo, niaoeeaeueiuo ?aoaiee. Oaeay
iinoaiiaea aii?ina i?aaiia?ia, iniaaiii, anee o/anoue, /oi Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?O io 22 aeaeaa?y 1993 aiaea ? 2270 iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea aaieia i?iecaiaeeony iuia ia
iniiaaiee caeiia (*1).
Ana aaiee a niaieoiiinoe i?aaenoaaeytho niaie nenoaio, aia
eioi?ie eo aeayoaeueiinoue iaaiciiaeia. A yoie nenoaia ?oeiaiaeyuay
?ieue i?eiaaeeaaeeo Aaieo ?innee. Ii ii?aaeaeyao iniiau aaieia-
neie aeayoaeueiinoe, eioi?ay ia iiaeao auoue ?aaeeciaaia aia nen-
oaiu, aia iiae/eiaiey aaeeiui i?aaeeai aaaeaiey iia?aoeee, aia
iii?u ia oeaio? n aai ooieoeeyie, iauaaeeiythueie aeayoaeueiinoue
nenoaiu.
Oeaio? nenoaiu – Aaie ?innee auiieiyao oieeaeueiua ooieoeee,
ia naienoaaiiua ieeaeie eiie i?aaiecaoeee. Oieueei Aaie ?innee
inouanoaeyao ecaioiaeaiea e yienneth aeaiaaeiuo ciaeia a niioaao-
noaee n ?aoaieyie aunoaai i?aaenoaaeoaeueiiai i?aaia ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee. Eeoue aio i?eiaaeeaaeao ooieoeee ?aca?aiie nenoaiu.
Oieueei ii ?oeiaiaeeo anaie aaieaie, ia/eiay io ?aaeno?aoeee onoaaia,
auaea/e eeoeaicee ia niaa?oaiea aaieianeeo iia?aoeee e eii/ay
iaaeci?iuie e ?aaoee?othueie ooieoeeyie.
(**1) NAII, 1993, ? 2, no. 5076.
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3. Oeaio?aeueiue aaie (Aaie ?innee) yaeyaony aeaaiui Aaieii
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e iaoiaeeony a aa nianoaaiiinoe. Ii nicaeai
a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii io 2 aeaeaa?y 1990 a. e aue iiaeio/aoai Aa?oiaiiio Niaaoo ?O (*1).
Onoaa aaiea ooaa?aeaeai I?aceaeeoiii Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O.
Aaie ?innee yaeyaony th?eaee/aneei eeoeii.. Ii yeiiiie/anee
naiinoiyoaeai, inouanoaeyao ?anoiaeu ca n/ao nianoaaiiuo aeioi-
aeia. Yoe aeioiaeu Aaie ?innee iieo/aao ca n/ao i?aaeinoaaeaiey
e?aaeeoia aaieai, aaaeaiey ?an/aoii-eanniaiai ianeoaeeaaiey aai-
eia ni aceiaieai eiienneiiiiai nai?a, ca n/ao iia?aoeee a io-
iioaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa, /aeia, aaenaeae, ae?a-
aioeaiiuo iaoaeeia, ca n/ao eiuo iia?aoeee, niioaaonoaothueo
aai Onoaao.
4. Iniiao eiouanoaaiiie aacu Aaiea ?innee ninoaaeyao aai On-
oaaiue eaieoae, oi anoue n?aaenoaa, eioi?uie iaaeaeye aai i?e nicaeaiee
Aa?oiaiue Niaao ?O. A oiaea aeayoaeueiinoe eiouanoaaiiay aaca
Aaiea ?innee iiiieiyaony ca n/ao iieo/aiiuo aeioiaeia. Ii iiaeao
nicaeaaaoue oiiaeu ?acee/iiai iacia/aiey (oiiae iieaou o?oaea, i?i-
ecaiaenoaaiiiai e nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey e ae?oaea a niioaaonoaee n
Onoaaii Aaiea ?innee) (*2). Eiouanoai i?eiaaeeaaeeo Aaieo ?innee ia
i?aaa iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey.
5. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey ?ani?aaeaeyaony ii ianeieueeei
iai?aaeaieyi. A iaeanoe i?aaiecaoeee aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey Aaie
?innee inouanoaeyao yienneth aeaiaa, i?aaiecoao ia?auaiea aea-
iaaeiuo ciaeia, inouanoaeyao ?aaoee?iaaiea aeaiaaeiie iannu a
ia?auaiee. A iaeanoe aeaiaaeii-e?aaeeoiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey Aaie
?innee ii?aaeaeyao ii?iu iaycaoaeueiuo ?aca?aia eiiia?/aneeo
aaieia, aeaiiie?oaiuo a Aaiea ?innee, o/aoiua noaaee ii e?a-
aeeoai, yeiiiie/aneea ii?iaoeau aeey aaieia, ?aoeiaine?oao aai-
ee iooai i?aaeinoaaeaiey ei n?i/iuo e?aaeeoia ii i?ioeaioiie
(o/aoiie noaaea) Aaiea ?innee, ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey i?aaeinoaaea-
iey e?aaeeoia iiae caeia ?acee/iuo aeoeaia, e?aaeeooao aaiee e
eiua e?aaeeoiua o/?aaeaeaiey a ea/anoaa e?aaeeoi?a iineaaeiae ei-
noaioeee.
Aaie ?innee yaeyaony caeiiiui aaaioii ainoaea?noaa ii ?aaee-
caoeee aai oeiainia e a yoii ea/anoaa i?iaiaeeo iia?aoeee ii ino-
uanoaeaieth eanniaiai eniieiaiey athaeaeaoia, eniieuecoao a?aiaiii
naiaiaeiua n?aaenoaa athaeaeaoia ?O, ?anioaeee, aoiaeyueo a Oaaea?a-
oeeth, ianoiuo athaeaeaoia, n?aaenoaa iaua?anioaeeeaineiai oiiaea noa-
aeeecaoeee, a oaeaea ae?oaeo oiiaeia a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea. Aaie
?innee o/eouaaao ia naiai aaeaina ainoaea?noaaiiue aeiea ?inneeneie
(**1) A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ii iiae/eiai i?aaeoaeuenoao ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
(**2) AAN. 1991. ?29. no. 1012.
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Oaaea?aoeee a ?acia?a eoieaiiuo o Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?O
ainoaea?noaaiiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa, ii eiaao i?aai i?aaeinoaaeyoue ai-
noaea?noao (a eeoea Ieioeia ?O) e?aaeeo ia n?ie ia aieaa oanoe
ianyoeaa ia iie?uoea ?ac?uaia iaaeaeo aiaeiauie e oaeoueie athae-
aeaoiuie aeioiaeaie e ?anoiaeaie, a oaeaea ia iie?uoea aioo?aiiaai
ainoaea?noaaiiiai aeieaa.
Aaie ?innee i?eieiaao ia aaeain iaeeaaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiiai
caeia ?O, ?aaeecoao eo ?aciauaiea, iiaaoaiea e auieaoo i?i-
oeaioia ii iei. Ieienoa?noai oeiainia ?O oiea/eaaao Aaieo ?innee
i?ioeaiou ii yoei iaeeaaoeeyi.
Eae oeaio? aaieianeie nenoaiu Aaie ?innee inouanoaeyao iaae-
ci? ca aeayoaeueiinoueth aaieia e aa ?aaoee?iaaiea. Aaie ?innee
onoaiaaeeaaao aeey anao aaieia iauaiu e n?iee i?aaeinoaaeaiey
aooaaeoa?neie e noaoenoe/aneie io/aoiinoe, iaiaoiaeeiie aeey iaae-
ci?a. Ii onoaiaaeeaaao aaeeiua i?aaeea aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa,
noaoenoe/aneie io/aoiinoe e niaa?oaiey aaieianeeo iia?aoeee a
aaieao.
Aaie ?innee ai?aaa aeaaaoue ae?oaei aaieai iaycaoaeueiua i?aae-
ienaiey ia ono?aiaiee ia?ooaiee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoa i aaieao e on-
oaiiaeaiee yeiiiie/aneeo ii?iaoeaia. A nayce n auyaeaiiuie
ia?ooaieyie Aaie ?innee ai?aaa i?eiaieoue i?aaeoniio?aiiua ca-
eiiii naieoeee (no. 33 Caeiia ).
A ii?yaeea ?aaoee?iaaiey aeayoaeueiinoe aaieia Aaie ?innee on-
oaiaaeeaaao aeey aaieia yeiiiie/aneea ii?iaoeau (ieieiaeueiue
?acia? onoaaiiai eaieoaea, i?aaeaeueiia niioiioaiea iaaeaeo ?acia-
?ii onoaaiiai eaieoaea aaiea e noiiie aai aeoeaia n o/aoii ioeaiee
?enea, iieacaoaee eeeaeaeiinoe aaiea, ieieiaeueiue ?acia? iayca-
oaeueiuo ?aca?aia, aeaiiie?oaiuo a Aaiea ?innee, e ae?. a niioaaonoaee
ni no. 24 Caeiia );
auaeaao e iocuaaao eeoeaicee ia niaa?oaiea aaieianeeo iia?aoeee,
?aaeno?e?oao onoaau aaieia e aaaeao eieao ?aaeno?aoeee aaieia,
ii?aaeaeyao ii?yaeie oi?ie?iaaiey iaycaoaeueiuo no?aoiauo oiiaeia
aeey aiciauaiey oauoeia eeeaioia.
Aaie ?innee ?aaeecoao aiaoiayeiiiie/aneea ooieoeee. Ii
ai?aaa inouanoaeyoue ethaua iia?aoeee a eiino?aiiie aaethoa a
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e ca a?aieoeae ia aaca aeaenoaothuaai caei-
iiaeaoaeuenoaa e a niioaaonoaee n iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aaieianeie i?ae-
oeeie. Aaie ?innee i?aaenoaaeyao eioa?anu ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
a oeaio?aeueiuo aaieao ae?oaeo no?ai, iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo aaieao e
eiuo oeiainiai-e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeeyo, aaea iaaeainoaea?noaaiiia
nio?oaeie/anoai inouanoaeyaony ia o?iaia oeaio?aeueiuo aaieia.
Ii auaeaao eeoeaicee (?ac?aoaiey) ia ioe?uoea i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoa
eiino?aiiuo aaieia e eiuo oeiainiai-e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeee
!!96
ia oa??eoi?ee ?O, inouanoaeyao ?aaoee?iaaiea eo?na ?oaey ii
ioiioaieth e aeaiaaeiui aaeeieoeai eiino?aiiuo ainoaea?noa, oi-
?aaeyao cieioi-aaethoiuie ?aca?aaie ?O, iaoiaeyueieny ia aa-
eaina Aaiea ?innee, auaeaao eeoeaicee ia inouanoaeaiea aaieaie
iia?aoeee a eiino?aiiie aaethoa a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e ca
a?aieoeae. I?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe ii iiaeao aaiaeeoue ia?aie/aiey aeey
aaieia ia iauaiu i?eaea/aiey e?aaeeoia ec-ca a?aieoeu e o?iaaiue
i?ioeaioiuo noaaie ii iei a ?aieao aaeeiie oaaea?aeueiie aeaiaae-
ii-e?aaeeoiie iieeoeee.
6. Oi?aaeaiea Aaieii ?innee inouanoaeyaony Niaaoii aee?ae-
oi?ia Aaiea e i?aaenaaeaoaeai Aaiea ?innee. Iineaaeiee iacia/a-
aony n?ieii ia 5 eao e inaiaiaeaeaaony io aeieaeiinoe i?aaeoaeuenoaii
?O. Ii eiaao ia?aiai caianoeoaey e caianoeoaeae, eioi?ua ia-
cia/athony e inaiaiaeaeathony io aeieaeiinoe i?aaeoaeuenoaii ?O ii
i?aaenoaaeaieth I?aaenaaeaoaey Aaiea ?innee.
Ninoaa Niaaoa Aee?aeoi?ia Aaiea ?innee ooaa?aeaeaaony I?aae-
oaeuenoaii ?O ii i?aaenoaaeaieth i?aaenaaeaoaey Aaiea ia n?ie aai
iieiiii/ee. Aai eiiiaoaioeey a aaaeaiee aeae Aaiea ?innee yaeyaony
?aoathuae. A aai iieiiii/ey aoiaeeo:
a) ?ac?aaioea iniiaiuo iai?aaeaiee aeaiaaeii-e?aaeeoiie iieeo-
eee ?O;
a) ii?aaeaeaiea iauaiia e aeaeia iia?aoeee Aaiea ?innee n aaieaie
e athaeaeaoaie, a oaeaea ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa, ia aaethoiii ?uiea;
a) ii?aaeaeaiea ?acia?ia e?aaeeoia Aaiea ?innee, i?aaeinoaaeya-
iuo ae?oaei aaieai e i?ioeaioiuo noaaie (o/aoiuo noaaie) ii yoei
e?aaeeoai;
a) nicaeaiea e eciaiaiea oiiaeia, ia?acoaiuo a niioaaonoaee n
Onoaaii Aaiea ?innee;
ae) onoaiiaeaiea yeiiiie/aneeo ii?iaoeaia aeey aaieia;
a) ?anniio?aiea io/aoa i ?aaioa, aaeaina, n/aoa i?eauee e oauo-
eia Aaiea ?innee;
ae) ae?oaea aii?inu, i?aaeoniio?aiiua onoaaii Aaiea ?innee e
?aaeaiaioii ?aaiou Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia.
7. No?oeoo?a nenoaiu Aaiea ?innee ninoieo ec Aeaaiuo oi?aa-
eaiee, aeaenoaothueo io eiaie Aaiea ?innee a i?aaeaeao i?aaeinoaa-
eaiiuo ei iieiiii/ee. A ninoaaa yoeo Aeaaiuo oi?aaeaiee aeae-
noaotho ia i?aaao no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee ?an/aoii-eanniaua
oeaio?u.
Aaie ?innee e aai oa??eoi?eaeueiua Aeaaiua oi?aaeaiey ninoaa-
eytho aaeeioth oeaio?aeeciaaiioth nenoaio. Aeaaiua oi?aaeaiey Aaiea
?innee iaania/eaatho i?iaaaeaiea aaeeiie oaaea?aeueiie iieeoeee a
iaeanoe aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey, e?aaeeoiaaiey, ?an/aoia, eanniauo
iia?aoeee e inouanoaeytho iaaeci? ca aeayoaeueiinoueth aaieia. A i?aae-
aeao naiae eiiiaoaioeee iie ?anii?yaeathony cae?aieaiiui ca iei
!!97
eiouanoaii e caeeth/atho io eiaie Aaiea ?innee aeiaiai?u n th?e-
aee/aneeie e oece/aneeie eeoeaie.
Aaie ?innee nicaeaao oaeaea ia i?aaao th?eaee/aneeo eeoe eee
no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee: ?inneeneia ?anioaeeeaineia iauaaee-
iaiea (oi?aaeaiea) eieannaoeee aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee, au/eneeoaeue-
iua oeaio?u, o/aaiue oeaio?, a oaeaea ae?oaea o/?aaeaeaiey, i?aae-
i?eyoey e i?aaiecaoeee aeey auiieiaiey caaea/ e ooieoeee Aaiea
?innee.
9. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea eiiia?/aneeo aaieia iiieii oiai, /oi
neacaii i ieo a nayce n oa?aeoa?enoeeie aaieianeie nenoaiu e
Aaiea ?innee, ii?aaeaeyaony aeaaiui ia?acii a Caeiia .
Aaie – yoi eiiia?/aneia o/?aaeaeaiea, eioi?iio ia iniiaaiee
eeoeaicee, auaeaaaaiie Oeaio?aeueiui aaieii (Aaieii ?innee),
i?aaeinoaaeaii i?aai i?eaeaeaoue aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa io th?eaee-
/aneeo e oece/aneeo eeoe e io naiaai eiaie ?aciauaoue eo ia
oneiaeyo aica?aoiinoe, ieaoiinoe e n?i/iinoe, a oaeaea inouan-
oaeyoue eiua aaieianeea iia?aoeee. Aaie anaaaea yaeyaony th?eaee-
/aneei eeoeii.
Ioaeaeueiua aaieianeea iia?aoeee iiaoo auiieiyoue o/?aaeaeaiey,
ia yaeythueany aaieaie. Ia oaeea e?aaeeoiua o/?aaeaeaiey ?ani?in-
o?aiyaony aeaenoaea Caeiia ,
anee eiia ia i?aaeoniio?aii aeaiiui caeiiii.
10. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea aaieia iaiiieiaao a iaueo /a?oao
iauea i?aaeea nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoee. Aaie ?innee aicieeaao a
o/?aaeeoaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiii, i?i/ea aaiee a o/?aaeeoaeueiii e
aeiaiai?ii-o/?aaeeoaeueiii ii?yaeea. Aeey anao aaieia (e?iia Aaiea
?innee) iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea iieo/aiea eeoeaicee. A iae i?aaeoniao-
?eaaaony ia?a/aiue iia?aoeee, eioi?ua ai?aaa niaa?oaoue aaiee. Caeii
i?aaeoniao?eaaao ii?aaeaeaiiue ia?a/aiue aeieoiaioia aeey iieo/aiey
eeoeaicee, a oii /enea iniaua aeieoiaiou aeey eeoeaice?iaaiey aeay-
oaeueiinoe niaianoiuo aaieia, eiino?aiiuo aaieia e oeeeaeia aai-
eia-ia?aceaeaioia (o.a. nicaeaiiuo e iaoiaeyueony aia ?innee). A
ioiioaiee iineaaeieo Aaie ?innee ai?aaa i?aaeuyaeoue oaeaea e aei-
iieieoaeueiua o?aaiaaiey ioiineoaeueii ieieiaeueiiai e iaeneiaeue-
iiai ?acia?a eo onoaaiiai eaieoaea (no. 12-14 Caeiia ), ?aaeno?aoeeth onoaaia aaieia inouan-
oaeyao Aaie ?innee. Aaiee, ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiua ei, eiatho i?aai
ioe?uaaoue ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee e ca aa i?aaeaeaie oeeeaeu e
i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoaa.
II. Eiouanoaaiioth aaco aaiea ninoaaeytho: onoaaiie eaie-
oae, oi anoue n?aaenoaa th?eaee/aneeo e oece/aneeo eeoe, noi?ie-
?iaaiiua o/?aaeeoaeyie aaiea (onoaaiie eaieoae oi?ie?oaony
ec n?aaenoa ia iaiaa o?ao o/anoieeia aaiea), eioi?ue neoaeeo
!!98
iaania/aieai iaycaoaeuenoa aaiea; i?eaea/aiiua n?aaenoaa th?e-
aee/aneeo eeoe ia oeacaiiuo auoa oneiaeyo; eiouanoai e n?aae-
noaa, iieo/aiiua a aeaea aeioiaeia io aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe: a
oii /enea iai?aaeaiiua a ?aca?aiue, no?aoiaie e eiua oiiaeu,
ia?acoaiua aaieii.
Eaeie i?aaiaie oeooe eaaeeo a iniiaa i?aaa aaiea ia noi?ie-
?iaaiiue o/?aaeeoaeyie onoaaiie eaieoae, ia iieo/aiiua aeioiaeu
e i?eia?aoaiiia ia yoe aeioiaeu eiouanoai? Iaaei iieaaaoue, /oi o
aaiea caeanue iaeeoei i?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii.
Aeaaeaiea, iieueciaaiea e ?anii?yaeaiea ei ii yoiio oeooeo ino-
uanoaeyaony a iauaiao, ii?aaeaeaiiuo o/?aaeeoaeueiuie aeieoiai-
oaie.
12. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey aaiea ii?aaeaeyaony e?oaii aai-
eianeeo iia?aoeee e naeaeie, eioi?ua ii i?aaa niaa?oaoue a niioaao-
noaee n Caeiiii e auaeaiiie aaieo eeoeaiceae. E /eneo oeie/iuo
aaieianeeo iia?aoeee iiaeii ioianoe:
– i?eaea/aiea aeeaaeia (aeaiiceoia) e i?aaeinoaaeaiea e?aaeeoia;
– inouanoaeaiea ?an/aoia ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia e aaieia-
ei??aniiiaeaioia (oi anoue aaieia, acaeiiaeaenoaothueo aeey iaania-
/aiey ?an/aoia eeeaioia, eiathueo n/aoa a niioaaonoaothueo aai-
eao), eo eanniaia ianeoaeeaaiea;
– ioe?uoea e aaaeaiea n/aoia eeeaioia e aaieia-ei??aniiiaeai-
oia, a oii /enea eiino?aiiuo, a oii /enea n/aoia oeiaine?iaaiey
eaiaeiaeaiee;
– auaea/o ii?o/eoaeuenoaa e aa?aioee, a oaeaea eiuo iayca-
oaeuenoa ca o?aoueeo eeoe, i?aaeoniao?eaathuoth eniieiaiea a aeaiaae-
iie oi?ia.
Yoa aeayoaeueiinoue caieiaao iaeaieueoee oaeaeueiue aan aaiea e
yaeyaony iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiie a ?aaioa ethauo aaieia.
E?iia oiai, aaiee niaa?oatho e ae?oaea iia?aoeee e naeaeee:
– auioneatho, iieoiatho, i?iaeatho e o?aiyo ieaoaaeiua aeieo-
iaiou e oeaiiua aoiaae (/aee, aee?aaeeoeau, aaenaey, aeoeee, ia-
eeaaoeee e ae?oaea aeieoiaiou), inouanoaeytho n ieie e eiua iia-
?aoeee;
– i?eia?aoatho i?aaa o?aaiaaiey ii iinoaaea oiaa?ia e ieacaieth
oneoa, i?eieiatho ia naay ?enee eniieiaiey oaeeo o?aaiaaiee,
eieanne?otho oaeea o?aaiaaiey (oi?oaeoeia), a oaeaea auiieiytho
yoe iia?aoeee n aeiiieieoaeueiui eiio?ieai ca aeaeaeaieai oiaa?ia
(oaeoi?eia);
– iieoiatho e i?iaeatho aaethoo a iaee/iii aeaea e iaoiaeyuothny
ia n/aoao e ai aeeaaeao o niaaoneeo e eiino?aiiuo th?eaee/aneeo e
oece/aneeo eeoe;
– iieoiatho e i?iaeatho a ?O e ca aa i?aaeaeaie ae?aaioeaiiua
iaoaeeu, eaiie, a oaeaea ecaeaeey ec ieo;
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– i?eaeaeatho e ?aciaoatho ae?aaioeaiiua iaoaeeu ai aeeaaeu,
inouanoaeytho eiua iia?aoeee n yoeie oeaiiinoyie a niioaaonoaee n
iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aaieianeie i?aeoeeie;
– i?eaeaeatho, ?aciauatho n?aaenoaa e oi?aaeytho oeaiiuie ao-
iaaaie ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia – aeiaa?eoaeueiua (o?anoiaua) iia-
?aoeee;
– ieacuaatho a?iea?neea e eiinoeueoaoeeiiiua oneoae, inouan-
oaeytho eeceiaiaua iia?aoeee;
– i?iecaiaeyo ae?oaea iia?aoeee e naeaeee ii ?ac?aoaieth Aaiea
?innee, auaeaaaaiiio a i?aaeaeao aai eiiiaoaioeee (no. 5 Caeiia ).
Eiiiaoaioeey aaieia, eae iu aeaeei, ?aaeecoaony eneeth/eoaeueii
a aeaiaaeii-oeiainiaie noa?a. Aaieai cai?auaaony inouanoaeyoue
iia?aoeee ii i?iecaiaenoao e oi?aiaea iaoa?eaeueiuie oeaiiinoyie,
a oaeaea ii no?aoiaaieth anao aeaeia, ca eneeth/aieai no?aoiaaiey
aaethoiuo e e?aaeeoiuo ?eneia.
A iaania/aiea oeiainiaie noaaeeueiinoe aaieia ana aaiee ia
oa??eoi?ee ?O aeaiiie?otho iaycaoaeueiua ?aca?au aaieia a Aaiea
?innee, enoiaey ec onoaiiaeaiiuo ei ii?iaoeaia iaycaoaeueiuo
?aca?aia. Eae oaea aiai?eeinue, aaiee iaycaiu niaethaeaoue onoaiia-
eaiiua ei Aaieii ?innee iaycaoaeueiua yeiiiie/aneea ii?ia-
oeau:
– ieieiaeueiue ?acia? onoaaiiai eaieoaea aaiea;
– i?aaeaeueiia niioiioaiea iaaeaeo ?acia?ii onoaaiiai eaieoaea
e noiiie aai aeoeaia n o/aoii ioeaiee ?enea:
– iieacaoaee eeeaeaeiinoe aaeaina (oi anoue aiciiaeiinoe iiaa-
oaiey anao naieo iaycaoaeuenoa a neo/aa eeeaeaeaoeee aaiea);
– ieieiaeueiue ?acia? iaycaoaeueiuo ?aca?aia, ?aciauaaiuo
a Aaiea ?innee;
– iaeneiaeueiue ?acia? ?enea ia iaeiiai caaiueea;
– ia?aie/aiea ?acia?ia aaethoiiai e eo?niaiai ?eneia;
– ia?aie/aiey eniieueciaaiey i?eaea/aiiuo aeaiiceoia aeey i?e-
ia?aoaiey aeoeee th?eaee/aneeo eeoe (no. 24 Caeiia ).
O aaieia eiaaony i?aai ia aaieianeoth oaeio, oi anoue ia nio?a-
iaiea oaeiu ii iia?aoeeyi naieo eeeaioia. Ni?aaee ii yoiio iiaiaeo
iiaoo auaeaaaoueny oieueei a neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo Caeiiii (no. 25
Caeiia ).
A caueoo i?aa aeeaae/eeia caeii onoaiaaeeaaao i?aaeei i
aiciiaeiinoe ia?auaiey acuneaiey ia aeeaaeu oieueei a neo/ayo,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii (ii ?aoaieth noaeia .e iinoaiiaeaieyi
neaaenoaaiiuo i?aaiia ii iaoiaeyueiny a eo i?iecaiaenoaa oaieia-
iui aeaeai; ii oaeiaeaoai?aiiiio eneo, auoaeathuaio ec oaieiaiiai
aeaea; ii ?aoaieth ia aeeiaioao e a ae?oaeo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo
!!100
caeiiii neo/ayo – no. 26 Caeiia ) .
A ioiioaieyo n eeeaioo?ie a ianoiyuaa a?aiy ii?aaeaeythuei
yaeyaony eneeth/eoaeueii aeiaiai?. Eeeaiou naiinoiyoaeueii auae?atho
aaiee aeey e?aaeeoii-?an/aoiiai ianeoaeeaaiey. Eeoue aaie eee aai
ioaeaeaiea ii ianoo ?aaeno?aoeee i?aaei?eyoey iaycaiu ioe?uoue ?an-
/aoiue n/ao ii o?aaiaaieth i?aaei?eyoey (no. 24 Caeiia ). I?ioeaioiua noaa-
ee e aaee/eia eiienneiiiiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey ii iia?aoeeyi aaieia
onoaiaaeeaathony ii niaeaoaieth noi?ii n o/aoii eiiiaoaioeee Aaiea
?innee ia ?aaoee?iaaiea o?iaiy aaieianeeo i?ioeaioiuo noaaie
(no. 15 Caeiia ).
Iniaay eiiiaoaioeey i?aaeoniio?aia aeey aaiea a neo/ayo iaiea-
oaaeaniiniaiinoe eeeaioia. Iie ai?aaa a oaeeo neo/ayo ?aaeeciaaoue
ia?u, i?aaeoniio?aiiua no. 34 Caeiia .
Aaiee iaycaiu ioaeeeiaaoue aiaeiaua aaeainu ii oi?ia e a n?iee,
onoaiaaeeaaaiua Aaieii ?innee. Eo aeayoaeueiinoue iiaeeaaeeo aaea-
aiaeiie aoaeeoi?neie i?iaa?ea.
Aaiee aeaenoaotho a ethaie eca?aiiie eie i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?a-
aiaie oi?ia (/anoiia i?aaei?eyoea, aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai cae?uoiai
eee ioe?uoiai oeia, oiaa?euanoai, niaianoiua aaiee n o/anoeai
niaaoneiai e eiino?aiiiai eaieoaea e ae?.). A caaeneiinoe io yoiai
iie ?aaeecotho naith eiiiaoaioeeth a onoaiiaeaiiie caeiiii oi?ia
/a?ac naie onoaaiua i?aaiu. ?aaioieeai i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie
aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey cai?auaaony o/anoea (niaiauaiea aeieaeiinoae)
a i?aaiao oi?aaeaiey aaieia.
7. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea ae?ae
1. Ae?aee auaatho aeaoo aeaeia: oiaa?iua ae?aee e oiiaeiaua ae?aee.
Niioaaonoaaiii i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oiaa?iuo ae?ae ?aaoee?oaony
caeiiii (*1), i?aaiaia
iieiaeaiea oiiaeiauo ae?ae – Iieiaeaieai i auionea e ia?auaiee
oeaiiuo aoiaa e oiiaeiauo ae?aeao a ?NON?, ooaa?aeaeaiiuo iinoa-
iiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?NON? io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. ? 78^ (*2).
2. Iiae oiaa?iie ae?aeae iiieiaaony i?aaiecaoeey n i?aaaie th?e-
aee/aneiai eeoea, oi?ie?othuay iioiaue ?uiie iooai i?aaiecaoeee
e ?aaoee?iaaiey ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee, inouanoaeyaiie a oi?ia aean-
iuo ioaee/iuo oi?aia, i?iaiaeeiuo a ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeaiiii ianoa
(**1) AAN, 1992, ? 18, no. 961.
(**2) NI ?O, 1992, ?5. no. 26.
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e a ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy ii onoaiiaeaiiui ath i?aaeeai (no. 2 Caeiia
).
A yoii ii?aaeaeaiee aaaeii o/eouaaoue, /oi oieueei niaieoiiinoue
anao iacaaiiuo i?eciaeia aeaao iiiyoea oiaa?iie ae?aee. Oi?ie-
?iaaiea iioiaiai ?uiea icia/aao, /oi aeayoaeueiinoue ae?aee naycaia
n oiaa?ii, ii?aaeaeyaiui ?iaeiauie i?eciaeaie, eioi?ue ?aaeeco-
aony ia?oeyie, oi anoue iioii. Eiaeeaeaeoaeueii-ii?aaeaeaiiua aaue
ia iiaoo ninoaaeyoue i?aaeiaoa aeayoaeueiinoe ae?aee e yaeyoueny ae?-
aeaaui oiaa?ii (no. 6 Caeiia).
I?aaiecaoeey e ?aaoee?iaaiea oi?aiaee ia ae?aea au?aaeaao noa?o
aeayoaeueiinoe oiaa?iie ae?aee e aa niaoeeaeueioth eiiiaoaioeeth (no. 3
Caeiia). Ae?aea – yoi i?aaiecaoeey, nicaeaaaaiay niaoeeaeueii e en-
eeth/eoaeueii aeey oiai, /oiau auoue ianoii n?aaeioi/aiey iioiauo
naeaeie, eioi?ua au io?aaeaee iauaeoeaii oeaio aeaiiiai oiaa?a ia
iniiaa eiioeaio?aoeee ia ae?aea ni?ina e i?aaeeiaeaiey. Oiiieiaiea
i ?aaoee?iaaiee ia icia/aao eaeiai-eeai aaeieieno?aoeaiiai aia-
oaoaeuenoaa a oi?aiaeth. Iiae ?aaoee?iaaieai iiieiaaony nicaeaiea
e iiaeaea?aeaiea ia ae?aea ianoaiiaee, eneeth/athuae aicaeaenoaea
neo/aeiuo i?e/ei, aeeythueo ia oeaiiia?aciaaiea, eneonnoaaiiia
caauoaiea eee caieaeaiea oeai iooai naiai?a, ?ani?ino?aiaiey eiae-
iuo neooia e o.i.
Aeaniinoue e ioaee/iinoue oi?aia – eaaeeoeoee?othuee i?eciae
aeayoaeueiinoe ae?aee, aeathuee ae aiciiaeiinoue ia oieueei niiniano-
aiaaoue iauaeoeaiiio au?aaeaieth iauanoaaiii iaiaoiaeeiuo cao?ao
ia i?iecaiaenoai oiaa?a, ii e auiieieoue a nayce n yoei ooieoeeth
eioe?iaee oeai, oi anoue onoaiiaeaiey a ianooaaao ?aaeiia eee a
oeaeii a Oaaea?aoeee iauaeoeaiiai o?iaiy oeaiu ia aeaiiue oiaa? a
aeaiiia a?aiy n o/aoii anao oaeoi?ia, aicaeaenoaothueo ia yoio
o?iaaiue.
Anee a ae?oaeo o/?aaeaeaieyo (iioiaua aacu, oi?aiaua aeiia)
oi?aiaey inouanoaeyaony aia oi?i aeaniinoe e ioaee/iinoe, oi,
anoanoaaiii, iaaiciiaeii i?eaioe?iaaoueny ia i?eiaiyaiua caeanue
oeaiu oae, eae ia iauaeoeaii auaa?aiiuo iaoaieciii ae?aeaaie
oi?aiaee.
Aeaniua e ioaee/iua oi?ae iaania/eaathony iniaui iaoaieciii
ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee: a) iiiiuueth iin?aaeieeia-a?iea?ia; a) aoeoee-
iiiui iaoiaeii oi?aiaee; a) iiae/eiaieai o/anoieeia oi?aia iniaui
i?aaeeai ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee; a) aeaenoaeai iniauo i?aaee i ae?aea-
auo naeaeeao.
Aeaenoaeai ae?aeaauo i?aaee iaania/eaaaony ia oieueei ii?yaeie
aeayoaeueiinoe ia ae?aea o/anoieeia oi?aia, aeaniinoue e ioaee/iinoue
oi?aia, – ii e eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoue ae?aee, i?eaea/aiea eeeaioo?u.
Aio ii/aio i?aaeea, ?aaeaiaioe?othuea niiniau niaa?oaiey e ioi?-
ieaiey naeaeie i?eieiathony ia oeaio?aeeciaaiii, a naiinoiyoaeueii
!!102
eaaeaeie ae?aeae. Iie yaeythony eae au oaeinoiaa?aieai aa aiciiae-
iinoae e eaaeeoeeaoeee e aianoa n ae?oaeie oaeoi?aie iiauoatho
aa ?aniaeoaaaeueiinoue e noieiinoue aeoeee.
3. Ae?aea iiaeao eiaoue ?acee/ioth i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaoth
oi?io: yoi iiaeao auoue /anoiia eee niaoaiiia (ainoaea?noaaiii-
/anoiia) aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai cae?uoiai oeia, aeoeeiia?iia ia-
uanoai ioe?uoiai oeia. Aaaeii eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a ioee/ea io
iau/iiai aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa /eaiu ae?aee (oa eeoea, o/ano-
aothuea a oi?ie?iaaiee onoaaiiai eaieoaea ae?aee, eeai aiiny-
uea /eaineea e eiua oeaeaaua aciinu a eiouanoai ae?aee) ia
oieueei eiatho i?aai o/anoaiaaoue a oi?aaeaiee aa aeaeaie e iie-
o/aoue aeeaeaeaiaeu, ii e o/anoaiaaoue a ea/anoaa /eaiia ae?aee a
ae?aeaaie oi?aiaea (no. 14 Caeiia ).
4. A o/?aaeaeaiee oiaa?iie ae?aee eiathony oa iniaaiiinoe,
/oi aeiey eaaeaeiai o/?aaeeoaey eee /eaia ae?aee a aa onoaaiii
eaieoaea ia iiaeao i?aauoaoue 10 i?ioeaioia. A o/?aaeaeaiee ae?aee
ia iiaoo o/anoaiaaoue: i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aa-
eaiey, aaiee e e?aaeeoiua o/?aaeaeaiey, no?aoiaua e eiaanoeoee-
iiiua eiiiaiee e oiiaeu, iauanoaaiiua, ?aeeaeiciua e aeaaio-
ai?eoaeueiua iauaaeeiaiey e oiiaeu, oece/aneea eeoea, eioi?ua a
neeo caeiia ia iiaoo inouanoaeyoue i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeay-
oaeueiinoue.
Nicaeaiea ae?aee eae i?aaei?eyoey inouanoaeyaony a iau/iii
ii?yaeea, e ainoaea?noaaiioth ?aaeno?aoeeth iie i?ioiaeyo oae aea,
eae e i?aaei?eyoey, ii ae?aeaaay oi?aiaey inouanoaeyaony ia ae?-
aeao oieueei ii eeoeaicee, auaeaaaaiie Eiienneae ii oiaa?iui
ae?aeai i?e Ainoaea?noaaiiii eiieoaoa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii
aioeiiiiiieueiie iieeoeea e iiaeaea?aeea iiauo yeiiiie/aneeo
no?oeoo?. Cayaeaiea i i?aaeinoaaeaiee eeoeaicee iiaeao auoue iiae-
aii. anee e iiiaioo ia?auaiey noiia aeeaaeia a onoaaiie eaieoae
ninoaaeyao ia iaiaa 50% iauyaeaiiie noiiu. Ioeac a auaea/a
eeoeaicee aeaao i?aai ia iiaoi?iia ia?auaiea. Ieii/aoaeueii aii?in
i i?aaiia?iinoe ioeaca ?aoaaony a noaeaaiii ii?yaeea (no. 12 Ca-
eiia).
I?e iieo/aiee eeoeaicee aeieaeiu auoue i?aaeinoaaeaiu aeieoiai-
ou, niaoeeoe/aneea aeey aeaiiiai aeaea i?aaei?eyoee, a /anoiinoe,
I?aaeea ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee, iaai? ioieoia niaea?aeaiey eioi?uo
ca?aiaa i?aaeii?aaeaeai caeiiii (no. 18 Caeiia), aea e onoaa ae?aee
aeieaeai niaea?aeaoue naaaeaiey, niaoeeoe/aneea aeey aeaiiiai aeaea i?aae-
i?eyoee: i iaeneiaeueiii eiee/anoaa /eaiia ae?aee, ii?yaeea i?eaia
a /eaiu ae?aee, i?einoaiiaee e i?ae?auaiey /eainoaa, ii?yaeie
?ac?aoaiey nii?ia iaaeaeo o/anoieeaie ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee e ae?.
(no. 17 Caeiia).
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5. I?aaiecaoeey ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee – aeaaiay noa?a aeayoaeueiin-
oe ae?aee. A ae?aeaaie oi?aiaea i?eieiatho o/anoea aeaa eaoaai?ee
o/anoieeia: iieiua /eaiu ae?aee (eiathuea i?aai o/anoaiaaoue a
oi?aao ai anao naeoeeyo ae?aee) e iaiieiua (eiathuea i?aai o/anoey
a oi?aao a niioaaonoaothuae naeoeee, a oaeaea iinoiyiiua iinaoeoaee
(a?iea?neea oe?iu, eiioi?u, iacaaeneiua a?iea?u), eioi?ua i?e-
ia?aoatho ia n?ie aei o?ao eao i?aai ia o/anoea a ae?aeaauo oi?aao
ia aeaiiie ae?aea ca ieaoo, e ?aciaua iinaoeoaee, i?eia?aoathuea
ca ieaoo i?aai ia niaa?oaiea naeaeie a oa/aiea aeaiiiai aeiy. Iin-
eaaeiea niaa?oatho oieueei iaeio ?aciiaeaeiinoue naeaeie – naeaeee n
?aaeueiui oiaa?ii.
Iniaaiiinoueth i?aaiaiai iieiaeaiey ae?aee yaeyaony oi, /oi a
nianoaaiii ae?aeaaie oi?aiaea ae?aea ia o/anoaoao, ieeaeeo naeaeie
a oiaea oi?aia iia ia caeeth/aao, iioiio /oi a oaeie oi?aiaea
o/anoaotho oeacaiiua noauaeou a ea/anoaa a?iea?ia-iin?aaeieeia
eee /eaiu ae?aee, ia yaeythueany a?iea?neeie oe?iaie (a?iea?a-
ie), io naiaai eiaie e ca naie n/ao. Ae?aea oieueei i?aaiecoao e
?aaoee?oao ae?aeaaoth oi?aiaeth.
6. A nayce n oai, /oi ae?aeaaoth oi?aiaeth aaaeoo iacaaiiua auoa
o/anoieee Caeii iin-
ayuaao ?acaeae III i?aaiecaoeee ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee e aa o/anoieeai.
A yoii ?acaeaea oa?aeoa?ecoaony i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea a aeaiiie noa?a
aeayoaeueiinoe ae?aeaauo a?iea?ia, oi anoue a?iea?neeo oe?i, eiioi?
e iacaaeneiuo a?iea?ia. Ana ae?aeaaua naeaeee aaaeoony oieueei (e?iia
neo/aaa, eiaaea eo iiaoo niaa?oaoue oaeaea /eaiu ae?aee, ia yaeyth-
ueany a?iea?aie) /a?ac ae?aeaauo a?iea?ia.
Ae?aeaaua a?iea?u iaeaaeatho ?acee/iie eiiiaoaioeeae ia ni-
aa?oaiea naeaeie ia ae?aea. Niaa?oaiea oueth/a?niuo naeaeie (oi
anoue naeaeee n aiciiaeiinoueth ia?ai?iaeaaee eiio?aeoa e auea?uoa
?acieoeu io aiciiaeiiai iiauoaiey) e iioeeiiiuo naeaeie (oi anoue
n i?aaii auai?a iiceoeee i?iaeaaoea eee iieoiaoaey ca ii?aaeaeai-
ioth ieaoo – iioeeii, eeai n i?aaii ioeaca io ethaie iiceoeee)
inouanoaeyaony a?iea?aie ia iniiaa eeoeaicee, auaeaaaaiuo Ei-
ienneae ii oiaa?iui ae?aeai. I?i/ea naeaeee niaa?oathony a?i-
ea?aie aac eeoeaicee.
A i?eioeeia ioiioaiey noauaeoia, caeeth/athueo naeaeee ia ae?aea
/a?ac a?iea?ia, ioiioaiey a?iea?ia n eeeaioaie ?aaeaiaioe?othony
niioaaonoaothueie aeiaiai?aie. Iaeiaei ae?aea, ia /ueae oa??eoi?ee
i?ienoiaeeo caeeth/aiea anao oaeeo naeaeie, ia eiaeeoa?aioia ii
ioiioaieth e iei. Iia iiaeao ?aaeaiaioe?iaaoue acaeiiioiioaiey
ae?aeaauo iin?aaeieeia e eo eeeaioia, i?eiaiyoue a onoaiiaeaiiii
ii?yaeea naieoeee e ae?aeaaui iin?aaeieeai, ia?ooathuei onoaiia-
eaiiua ath i?aaeea acaeiiioiioaiee ae?aeaauo iin?aaeieeia n eo
eeeaioaie (no. 25 Caeiia). Iai?eia?, oae iiaeao auoue i?e ia?o-
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oaiee a?iea?aie i?aaee ioi?ieaiey naeaeie, aeaenoaothueo ia aeai-
iie ae?aea.
O a?iea?ia anoue niaoeeoe/aneea iaycaiiinoe a nayce n aaaeaieai
aeae ia ae?aea. Iie iaycaiu aanoe o/ao naeaeie ii eaaeaeiio eeeaioo
e o?aieoue yoe naaaeaiey a oa/aiea iyoe eao ni aeiy niaa?oaiey naeaeee,
e i?aaeinoaaeyoue eo ii o?aaiaaieth Eiiennee ii oiaa?iui ae?aeai
(no. 24 Caeiia ).
7. Eiouanoaaiioth aaco oiaa?iie ae?aee ninoaaeyao /anoiay
eeai niaoaiiay ainoaea?noaaiii-/anoiay nianoaaiiinoue a caaeneiin-
oe io ninoaaa o/?aaeeoaeae e /eaiia ae?aee, nicaeaaoeo aa onoaaiie
eaieoae. Iineieueeo aeiey eaaeaeiai o/?aaeeoaey eee /eaia ae?aee ia
iiaeao i?aauoaoue aeanyoe i?ioeaioia aa onoaaiiai eaieoaea, oaeeo
o/?aaeeoaeae e /eaiia ae?aee aeieaeii auoue ia iaiaa aeanyoe. A neeo
yoiai ae?aee ia?acothony a i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?ia aeoeei-
ia?iiai iauanoaa cae?uoiai eee /aua ioe?uoiai oeia.
Ia?a/aiue e ii?yaeie oi?ie?iaaiey eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia ae?-
aee, ?ani?aaeaeaiey i?eauee ii?aaeaeyaony nia?aieai /eaiia ae?aee
a niioaaonoaee n aa onoaaii. A neo/ayo, anee ii ?aoaieth nia?aiey
ia i?aaeoniao?eaaaony auieaoa aeeaeaeaiaeia, i?eaueue ca n/ao io/en-
eaiee, nai?ia e ae?oaeo ieaoaaeae ca ieacuaaaiua ae?aeae oneoae
iai?aaeyaony ia oeo/oaiea ianeoaeeaaiey, iai?oaeiaaiey oi?aiauo
iiiauaiee e a iineaaeiai neo/aa ae?aea ia yaeyaony eiiia?/aneei
i?aaei?eyoeai.
Iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia I?aaeoaeuenoai ?O io 11 iay
1993 a. iiaeaea?aeeaaaony
aeayoaeueiinoue ae?ae, ca?aaeno?e?iaaaoeony a ea/anoaa iaeiiia?/an-
eeo i?aaiecaoeee (*1). ?aoaieai Eiiennee ii oiaa?iui ae?aeai i?e
AEAI ?innee io 15 ethey 1993 a. ooaa?aeaeai Ii?yaeie ioianaiey
oiaa?iuo ae?ae e ia?a/ith oiaa?iuo ae?ae, ia eioi?ua ?ani?ino?a-
iyaony aeaenoaea yoiai iinoaiiaeaiey (*2).
8. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey ae?aee eiaao no?iai oeaeaaie oa-
?aeoa?: i?aaiecaoeey e ?aaoee?iaaiea ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee. Yoo eii-
iaoaioeeth ?aaeecotho i?aaiu oi?aaeaiey ae?aee, n?aaee eioi?uo au-
noei i?aaiii yaeyaony nia?aiea /eaiia ae?aee. *eainoai a ae?aea
aicieeaao a neeo o/anoey a oi?ie?iaaiee onoaaiiai eaieoaea eeai
aianaiey aciinia a eiouanoai ae?aee. Ii?yaeie anooieaiey a /eaiu
ae?aee ii?aaeaeyaony o/?aaeeoaeueiuie aeieoiaioaie e /eainoai iiae-
oaa?aeaeaaony naeaeaoaeuenoaii, auaeaaaaiui ae?aeae. Iieiua /eaiu
ae?aee a niioaaonoaee n onoaaii eiatho aieueoaa iaaeaee iaiieiua
/eaiu eiee/anoai aieinia ia iauai nia?aiee.
(**1) NAII, 1993, ?20, no. 1763.
(**2) Yeiiiieea e aeeciue, 1993, ? 36, n. 16.
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Aeaaiay /anoue eiiiaoaioeee ae?aee – i?aaiecaoeey ae?aeaaie
oi?aiaee inouanoaeyaony a niioaaonoaee n i?aaeeaie ae?aeaaie oi?-
aiaee, ooaa?aeaeaaiuie eaaeaeie ae?aeae, enoiaey ec onoaaiuo caaea/
e n o/aoii aiciiaeiinoae a i?aaeinoaaeaiee oneoa.
Caeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao iaycaoaeueiue ia?a/aiue oao ?aaeaiaioa-
oeee, eioi?ua aaiaeyony a i?aaeeao. A /anoiinoe, a ieo aeieaeiu auoue
ii?aaeaeaiu:
– ii?yaeie i?iaaaeaiey ae?aeaauo oi?aia;
– aeaeu ae?aeaauo naeaeie;
– iaeiaiiaaiea oiaa?iuo naeoeee;
– ia?a/aiue iniiaiuo no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee ae?aee;
– ii?yaeie eioi?ie?iaaiey o/anoieeia ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee i
i?aaenoiyueo ae?aeaauo oi?aao;
– ii?yaeie ?aaeno?aoeee e o/aoa ae?aeaauo naeaeie;
– ii?yaeie eioe?iaee oeai ae?aeaauo oiaa?ia;
– ii?yaeie acaeiiuo ?an/aoia /eaiia ae?aee e ae?oaeo o/anoieeia
ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee i?e caeeth/aiee ae?aeaauo naeaeie;
– ia?u ii eiio?ieth ca i?ioeannii oeaiiia?aciaaiey ia ae?aea a
oeaeyo iaaeiiouaiey ?aceiai aeiaaiiai iiauoaiey eee iiieaeaiey
o?iaiae oeai, eneonnoaaiiiai caauoaiey eee caieaeaiey oeai, naiai?a
eee ?ani?ino?aiaiey eiaeiuo neooia n oeaeueth aicaeaenoaey ia oeaiu;
– ia?u, iaania/eaathuea ii?yaeie e aeenoeeieeio ia ae?aeaauo
oi?aao, a oaeaea ii?yaeie e oneiaey i?eiaiaiey yoeo ia?;
– ia?a/aiue ia?ooaiee, ca eioi?ua ae?aeae acuneeaathony oo?a-
ou n o/anoieeia ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee, a oaeaea ?acia?u oo?aoia e
ii?yaeie eo aceiaiey;
– ?acia?u io/eneaiee, nai?ia, oa?eoia e ae?oaeo ieaoaaeae e
ii?yaeie eo aceiaiey;
– ae?oaea iaiaoiaeeiua a niioaaonoaee ni no. 18 Caeiia naaaeaiey.
Caeii iaiaa?eaaao a ?yaea noaoae iniaua o?aaiaaiey e eiiia-
oaioeee ae?aee. Ae?aea ii o?aaiaaieth o/anoieea ae?aeaaie oi?-
aiaee iaycaia i?aaieciaaoue yenia?oeco ea/anoaa ?aaeueiuo oiaa-
?ia, ?aaeecoaiuo /a?ac ae?aeaaua oi?ae (no. 27). A oeaeyo iaan-
ia/aiey eniieiaiey niaa?oaiey ia iae oi?aa?aeiuo, oueth/a?niuo
e iioeeiiiuo naeaeie ae?aea iaycaia i?aaieciaaoue ?an/aoiia ia-
neoaeeaaiea iooai nicaeaiey ?an/aoiuo o/?aaeaeaiee (eee?eiaiauo
oeaio?ia) eee iooai caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?a n aaieii, eiui e?a-
aeeoiui o/?aaeaeaieai ia i?aaiecaoeee ?an/aoiiai (eee?eiaiaiai)
ianeoaeeaaiey (no. 28). Caeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi iacaaeneii
io ae?ae iiaoo nicaeaaaoueny eee?eiaiaua oeaio?u n aiaeiae/iuie
ooieoeeyie iaania/aiey eniieiaiey oaeeo naeaeie e i?aaeinoaa-
eyao ei aeey yoiai niioaaonoaothuoth eiiiaoaioeeth (i. 2-3 oie
aea noaouee).
!!106
Ae?aea eiaao i?aai naiinoiyoaeueii onoaiaaeeaaoue io/eneaiey
io eiienneiiiuo, iieo/aaiuo ae?aeaauie iin?aaeieeaie a aicia-
a?aaeaeaiea ca iin?aaeie/aneea iia?aoeee ia ae?aea; nai?u, oo?aou
e ae?oaea ieaoaaee, aceiaaiua ca oneoae, ieacuaaaiua ae?aeae;
oo?aou ca ia?ooaiea onoaaa ae?aee, i?aaee ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee e
ae?oaeo i?aaee, onoaiaaeeaaaiuo ae?aeae (no. 29).
Ae?aea ai?aaa nicaeaaaoue a?aeo?aaeiua eiiennee, e eioi?ui iiaoo
i?eaaaaoue aeey ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia o/anoieee ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee,
ooaa?aeaeaoue iieiaeaiea i iae. A ?aieao, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 31
Caeiia, ae?aea ai?aaa o/anoaiaaoue ai aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeay-
oaeueiinoe.
9. A neeo aieueoie cia/eiinoe a i?aaiecaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai
iai?ioa ae?ae caeiiiaeaoaeue a caeiia aaiaeeo iniaia ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea eo aeay-
oaeueiinoe. Aio iinayuai ?acaeae IV yoiai Caeiia.
Aeey oaeiai ?aaoee?iaaiey nicaeaaony Eiienney ii oiaa?iui ae?-
aeai. Ia yoo Eiienneth aiceiaeaiu:
– auaea/a eeoeaicee ia i?aaiecaoeeth ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee;
– inouanoaeaiea eee eiio?ieue eeoeaice?iaaiey ae?aeaauo iin-
?aaeieeia;
– eiio?ieue ca niaethaeaieai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa i ae?aeao;
– i?aaiecaoeey eco/aiey aeayoaeueiinoe e ?acaeoey ae?ae;
– ?ac?aaioea iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii iiaeaioiaea ae?-
aeaauo aeieoiaioia;
– ?anniio?aiea aeaeia o/anoieeia ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee ia cei-
oiio?aaeaiey e ia?ooaiey caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa a ae?aeaaie oi?aia-
ea.
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee yoeo caaea/ Eiienney ii oiaa?iui ae?aeai iaae-
aeaia iieiiii/eyie e ai?aaa:
ioeacaoue ae?aea a auaea/a eeoeaicee ia i?aaiecaoeeth ae?aeaaie
oi?aiaee i?e ianiioaaonoaee aa o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieoiaioia e i?aaee
ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee caeiio;
ioeiaeeoue auaea/o eeoeaicee;
aiioee?iaaoue auaeaiioth eeoeaiceth i?e ia?ooaiee ae?aeae ca-
eiiiaeaoaeuenoaa;
iai?aaeoue ae?aea iaycaoaeueiia i?aaeienaiea ia ioiaia eee ec-
iaiaiee o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieoiaioia, i?aaee ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee,
?aoaiee i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey ae?aeae, i?ae?auaiee aeayoaeueiinoe,
i?ioeai?a/auae caeiio;
iai?aaeoue ae?aeaaiio iin?aaeieeo i?aaeienaiea i i?ae?auaiee
aeayoaeueiinoe, i?ioeai?a/auae caeiio;
i?eiaiyoue e ae?aea eee ae?aeaaiio iin?aaeieeo naieoeee a neo/aa
ia?ooaiey o?aaiaaiee caeiia eee ianaiaa?aiaiiiai eniieiaiey
i?aaeienaiee Eiiennee;
!!107
iacia/aoue ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiienna?a ia ae?aeo;
i?aaieciaaoue ii niaeaniaaieth n i?aaiaie oeiainiaiai eiio?iey
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aoaeeoi?neea i?iaa?ee aeayoaeueiinoe ae?ae e
ae?aeaauo iin?aaeieeia:
o?aaiaaoue io ae?ae, ?an/aoiuo o/?aaeaeaiee (eee?eiaiauo oeai-
o?ia) e ae?aeaauo iin?aaeieeia i?aaenoaaeaiey o/aoiie aeieoiai-
oaoeee;
iai?aaeyoue a noae eee a?aeo?aaeiue noae iaoa?eaeu aeey i?eiaiaiey
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii naieoeee e ae?aeai e eo /eaiai.
Noaouey 36 Caeiia i?aaeoniao?eaaao oaeaea naieoeee.
Ooieoeee iacia/aiiiai Eiienneae Ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiien-
na?a ninoiyo a iaiin?aaenoaaiiii eiio?iea ca niaethaeaieai ae?aeae
e ae?aeaauie iin?aaeieeaie caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, aeey /aai ii iaae-
aeai niioaaonoaothueie iieiiii/eyie, oeacaiiuie a no. 37 Ca-
eiia.
10. E oiiaeiaui ae?aeai ioiinyony i?aaiecaoeee, o/?aaeaeaiiua
niaoeeaeueii aeey iaania/aiey ia?auaiey oeaiiuo aoiaa e nicaeaiey
iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee aeey eo ii?iaeueiiai ia?auaiey a i?aaie-
caoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?ia cae?uoiai aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa e ia
i?aneaaeothuea oeaee iieo/aiey nianoaaiiie i?eauee (*1).
Niaoeeoeea oiiaeiaie ae?aee eae i?aaei?eyoey aeaeia ec oeacaiey
ia oi, /oi oaeay ae?aea ia i?aneaaeoao oeaee iieo/aiey nianoaaiiie
i?eauee. Yoi ia icia/aao, /oi ii aeaiiiio i?eciaeo iia aeieaeia
auoue ioianaia e iaoicyenoaothuei noauaeoai. Aeaei a oii, /oi
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneee eioa?an e iieo/aieth aeioiaeia io aeayoaeueiinoe
oiiaeiaie ae?aee eiaaony o /eaiia ae?aee, eioi?uie yaeythony ei-
aanoeoeeiiiua einoeooou (ni. i. 14-15 Iieiaeaiey io 28 aeaeaa?y),
a oaeaea ainoaea?noaaiiua eniieieoaeueiua i?aaiu, a iniiaiua caaea/e
eioi?uo aoiaeeo inouanoaeaiea iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie e
iioiio i?aaiecothuea oiiaeiaua ae?aee eae au aeey naay. Aeioiaeu
oiiaeiaie ae?aee (io i?iaeaaee aeoeee, /eaineeo aciinia, nai?ia ni
naeaeie e eiua) aeieaeiu iaania/eoue oieueei aacoauoi/iinoue aa aeay-
oaeueiinoe. Naiei /eaiai iia ia auiea/eaaao ieeaeeo aeeaeaeaiaeia.
Aieaa oiai, oiiaeiaay ae?aea ia ai?aaa caieiaoueny ie/ai eiui,
e?iia i?aaiecaoeee ia?auaiey oeaiiuo aoiaa. I?e yoii naia iia
caieiaoueny eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth ia ai?aaa (i. 56 iacaai-
iiai Iieiaeaiey).
11. Eae i?aaei?eyoea oiiaeiaay ae?aea ?aaeno?e?oaony a niioaao-
noaee n Caeiiii ?NON? , ii aeey aaaeaiey aeayoaeueiinoe n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie
iia aeieaeia iieo/eoue eeoeaiceth a Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?O. Oii-
(**1) I. 55 Iieiaeaiey i auionea e ia?auaiee oeaiiuo aoiaa e oiiaeiauo ae?aeao,
ooaa?aeaeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?NON? io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. ? 78.
!!108
aeiaay ae?aea naiinoiyoaeueii ?ac?aaaouaaao ii?yaeie niaa?oaiey
naeaeie ai a?aiy ae?aeaauo oi?aia, ii?yaeie naa?ee e ?an/aoia ii
caeeth/aiiui naeaeeai.
Einoeooo /eainoaa a oiiaeiaie ae?aea, iiaeaeoe, aieaa ecae-
?aoaeai, iaaeaee /eainoai a oiaa?iie ae?aea: /eaiaie aa iiaoo
auoue oieueei eiaanoeoeeiiiua einoeooou e ainoaea?noaaiiua en-
iieieoaeueiua i?aaiu, niaoeeaeece?othueany ia inouanoaeaiee
iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie) iai?eia? oiiae oaaea?aeueiiai eio-
uanoaa, aai ioaeaeaiey. I?e yoii oiiaeiaay ae?aea ai?aaa onoa-
iaaeeaaoue ieieiaeueiua iaycaoaeueiua o?aaiaaiey e eiaanoeoee-
iiiui einoeoooai, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey anooieaiey a /eaiu ae?aee:
eaaeeoeeaoeeiiiua o?aaiaaiey e i?aaenoaaeoaeyi /eaiia ia ae?-
aeaauo oi?aao.
Ooieoeee oiiaeiauo ae?ae iiaoo auiieiyoue oiaa?iua e aaethoiua
ae?aee, aaea iiaoo nicaeaaaoueny niioaaonoaothoea naiinoiyoaeueiua
no?oeoo?iua iiae?acaeaeaiey.
8. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oiiaeia, aaaeoueo oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue. Eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee, oiiaeu e oieaeeiae
1. N?aaee noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iniaia iieiaeaiea ca-
ieiatho oiiaeu, aaaeouea oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue niaoeeaeueiuo
aeaeia. Eo aeayoaeueiinoue ia naycaia n auioneii i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia.
Auiieiaiea ?aaio e ieacaiea oneoa a ea/anoaa iniiaiiai caiyoey
oaeaea ia ninoaaeyao i?aaeiaoa auiieiaiey eie onoaaiuo caaea/.
Aeaaiay noa?a eo aeayoaeueiinoe – auiieiaiea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-eio-
uanoaaiiuo caaea/, oi?aaeaiea nianoaaiiinoueth eee eiuie, aeaaiui
ia?acii, oeiainiauie oiiaeaie ia i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie iniiaa.
Yoa aeayoaeueiinoue eee yaeyaony i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie, eee oanii
naycaia n iath.
E i?eia?o. Oiiae Oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa yaeyaony iai?aae-
oaeuenoaaiiui i?aaiii, ?anii?yaeathueiny e oi?aaeythuei niano-
aaiiinoueth ?O, iaoiaeyuaeny a aai aaaeaiee. Aeey yoiai ii auiieiyao
ooieoeee aeoeeiia?ia a ioiioaiee i?aaei?eyoee aeoeeiia?iuo ia-
uanoa, i?eiaaeeaaeaueo a oie eee eiie /anoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?a-
oeee, aunooiaao o/?aaeeoaeai aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa, a niioaaonoaee
ni naiae eiiiaoaioeeae inouanoaeyao ia?ii?eyoey ii i?eaaoeca-
oeee (*1).
Oaaea?aeueiue aei?iaeiue oiiae, aei?iaeiua oiiaeu ?anioaeee a
ninoaaa e?ay, iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai ie?oaa
nicaeathony aeey oeiaine?iaaiey cao?ao, naycaiiuo n niaea?aeaieai,
(**1) AAN, 1991. ?27. no. 929.
!!109
?aiiioii, ?aeiino?oeoeeae e no?ieoaeuenoaii aaoiiiaeeueiuo aei?ia
iauaai iieueciaaiey. Enoi/ieeaie n?aaenoa oaeeo oiiaeia aunooiatho
oeaeaaua aiaathaeaeaoiua iinooieaiey io iaeiaia ia ?aaeecaoeeth ai-
?th/a-niaci/iuo iaoa?eaeia, iaeiaa ia iieueciaaoaeae aaoiiiaeeue-
iuo aei?ia, iaeiaa n aeaaeaeueoeaa o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa, iaeiaa ia
i?eia?aoaiea aaoio?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa (e?iia i?eia?aoaaiuo
a?aaeaeaiaie a ee/iia iieueciaaiea eaaeiauo aaoiiiaeeae), aeoeecia
n i?iaeaaee aaoiiiaeeae a ee/iia iieueciaaiea a?aaeaeai. A aei?iaeiua
oiiaeu iiaoo iai?aaeyoueny oaeaea n?aaenoaa io i?iaaaeaiey caeiia,
eioa?ae, i?iaeaaee aeoeee, oo?aoiuo naieoeee, aeia?iaieueiuo aciinia
e ae?.
Yoe enoi/ieee ?ani?aaeaeythony iaaeaeo oiiaeaie a niioaaonoaee
n caeiiii (*1) e ?anoiaeothony ii ooaa?aeaeaaiiio niioaaonoaothueie
i?aaiaie aeanoe ii?yaeeo (*2).
2. Iniaia ianoi n?aaee noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey caieiatho ei-
aanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee e oiiaeu.
Eo i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea ecia/aeueii ii?aaeaeyeinue Iieiaeaieai
i auionea e ia?auaiee oeaiiuo aoiaa e oiiaeiauo ae?aeao a ?NON?,
ooaa?aeaeaiiui iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?NON? io 28 aea-
eaa?y 1991 aiaea (*3). Eiaanoeoeeiiiay eiiiaiey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
i?aaiecaoeeth – th?eaee/aneia eeoei, aunooiathuaa a ethaie i?aa-
iecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?ia e eiathuaa niaoeeaeueioth eiiiaoai-
oeeth a iaeanoe auionea e ia?auaiey oeaiiuo aoiaa. Eiaanoeoeeiiiay
eiiiaiey caieiaaony i?aaiecaoeeae auionea oeaiiuo aoiaa, auaea-
/ae aa?aioee ii eo ?aciauaieth, aeiaeaieai n?aaenoa a oeaiiua
aoiaae, eoieae-i?iaeaaeae oeaiiuo aoiaa io naiaai eiaie e ca naie
n/ao, a oii /enea iooai eioe?iaee oeaiiuo aoiaa (iauyaeaiey ia
ii?aaeaeaiiua oeaiiua aoiaae
aaoue e iieoiaoue).
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee oi?ie?otho naie ?ano?nu oieueei ca
n/ao nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa (n?aaenoa o/?aaeeoaeae) e yiennee niano-
aaiiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa, ?aaeecoaiuo th?eaee/aneei eeoeai. Oi?ie-
?iaaoue naie i?eaea/aiiua ?ano?nu ca n/ao n?aaenoa ianaeaiey ei-
aanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee ia ai?aaa. Yoei eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee
ioee/athony io eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia.
Aaaeiaeoaa iai?aaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe eiaanoeoeeiiiuo eiiia-
iee ninoieo a auiieiaiee iin?aaeie/aneeo ooieoeee ii ?aaeecaoeee
oeaiiuo aoiaa i?aaiecaoeee-yieoaioia. E i?eia?o, iie ieacuaatho
niaeaenoaea aeoeeiia?iui iauanoaai a ?aaeecaoeee eo aeoeee. Ii
(**1) AAN, 1992, ? 44. no. 1426.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 6. no. 240.
(**3) NI, 1992. ?5, no. 26
!!110
niaeaoaieth n yieoaioii iie ai?aaa aunooiaoue aa?aioaie e i?aa-
iecaoi?aie auionea oeaiiuo aoiaa ia oaeeo oneiaeyo:
– eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee iaycothony aueoieoue ca naie n/ao
aanue auione oeaiiuo aoiaa ii oeene?iaaiiie oeaia n oeaeueth aeaeue-
iaeoae ia?ai?iaeaaee eo noi?iiiei eiaanoi?ai:
– eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee iaycothony aueoieoue ca naie n/ao
iaaei?aciauaiioth eie n?aaee noi?iiieo eiaanoi?ia a oa/aiea iai-
ai?aiiiai n?iea /anoue auionea oeaiiuo aoiaa;
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua eiiiaiee iiaoo i?eiyoue ia naay iaycaoaeue-
noaa ii i?iaeaaea oeaiiuo aoiaa io eiaie yieoaioa noi?iiiei
eiaanoi?ai aac iaycaoaeuenoa ii aueoio iaaei?ani?ino?aiaiiie
/anoe auionea.
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu oaeaea caieiathony aeayoaeueiinoueth a noa-
?a auionea e ia?auaiey oeaiiuo aoiaa. Iie ia?acothony eneeth/e-
oaeueii a oi?ia aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia. Iiieii
iacaaiiiai Iieiaeaiey io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea eo noaoon ii?aaeaeai
a Oeaca I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 aiaea (*1).
Iacaaiiui Oeacii ii?aaeaeaiii ii-?aciiio i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea
eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiioia i niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo
oiiaeia i?eaaoecaoeee (*2). Eiaanoeoeeiiiue oiiae caieiaaony auioneii
aeoeee n oeaeueth i?eaea/aiey n?aaenoa eiaanoi?ia. Yoe n?aaenoaa ii io
naiaai eiaie aeeaaeuaaao a oeaiiua aoiaae, a oaeaea ia aaieianeea
n/aoa e ai aeeaaeu, auiea/eaay aeoeeiia?ai aeioiaeu, iieo/aaiua io
yoeo aeiaeaiee. Ana ?enee iaanoeaiaiey oeaiiuo aoiaa e oauoee ianoo
aeoeeiia?u oiiaea. A caaeneiinoe io oniaoia eiaanoeoeeiiiiai oiiaea
(aai i?aaeeueiie eiaanoeoeeiiiie iieeoeee) aeoeee iiauoathony eee
iiieaeathony a oeaia.
Aeey oiai, /oiau aa?aioe?iaaoue ioiineoaeueioth oeiainiaoth on-
oie/eainoue oiiaea, i?aaeoniao?eaaaony, /oi iia?aoeee oiiaeia ii aei-
aeaieyi i?eaea/aiiuo n?aaenoa ia?aie/aiu ii?aaeaeaiiuie a?aie-
oeaie. Eiaanoeoeeiiiue oiiae ia ai?aaa iai?aaeyoue aieaa 5 i?ioeaioia
naiaai eaieoaea ia i?eia?aoaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa iaeiiai yieoaioa, a
oaeaea i?eia?aoaoue aieaa 10 i?ioeaioia oeaiiuo aoiaa iaeiiai yieoaioa
(i ae?oaeo ia?aie/aieyo ni.: ?acaeae IV
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu iiaoo auoue ioe?uouie (n oi/ee c?aiey
oiai, /oi oiiae, yieoe?othuee oeaiiua aoiaae, iaycoaony eo aueoieoue
(**1) AAN, 1992. ?42, no. 2370.
(**2) Ia ii?yaeie o/?aaeaeaiey e ooieoeeiie?iaaiey /aeiauo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia
aeaenoaea Iieiaeaiey io 28 aeaeaa?y ! 991 a. ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony.
(**3) I?eeiaeaiea ? 1 e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 a.
!!111
ii o?aaiaaieth aeaaeaeueoea) e cae?uouie (n oi/ee c?aiey oiai, /oi
oiiae ia iaycoaony aueoiaoue oeaiiua aoiaae). Yoi aeaeaiea ia neaaeoao
niaoeaaoue n i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iie oiiaea – ana iie
aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia.
Niaoeeaeece?iaaiiua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu (oae iacuaaa-
iua /aeiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu) caieiathony aeeoioee-
?iaaieai i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia a?aaeaeai aeey iineaaeothuaai
eo eniieueciaaiey a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e
ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee. Iaeiia?aiaiii iie inouanoaeytho
aeayoaeueiinoue, caeeth/athuothny a i?eaea/aiee n?aaenoa ca n/ao
yiennee nianoaaiiuo aeoeee e eiaanoe?iaaiey nianoaaiiuo
n?aaenoa a oeaiiua aoiaae ae?oaeo yieoaioia, oi?aiaea oeaiiuie
aoiaaaie, a oaeaea aeaaeatho eiaanoeoeeiiiuie oeaiiuie aoia-
aaie, noieiinoue eioi?uo ninoaaeyao 30 e aieaa i?ioeaioia io
iauae noieiinoe aai aeoeaia (*1). *aeiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu
yaeythony eiaanoeoeeiiiuie oiiaeaie cae?uoiai oeia e ia eiatho
i?aaa aueoiaoue naie aeoeee o aeoeeiia?ia. Eo aeoeee iiaoo
ia?auaoueny ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa, a oaeaea i?iaeaaaoueny e
iieoiaoueny ae?oaei iooai.
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu e /aeiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu ino-
uanoaeytho naith aeayoaeueiinoue ii eeoeaiceyi, iieo/aaiui a onoa-
iiaeaiiii ii?yaeea.
Noaoon e aeayoaeueiinoue oiai e ae?oaiai oiiaea ii?aaeaeyaony oaeaea
I?eia?iui onoaaii eiaanoeoeeiiiiai oiiaea. Iniiaiuie iieiaea-
ieyie aeaiiceoa?iiai aeiaiai?a. I?eia?iui aeiaiai?ii n oi?aaeyth-
uei ia oi?aaeaiee eiaanoeoeeiiiui oiiaeii, Oeiiaui i?iniaeoii
yiennee eiaanoeoeeiiiiai oiiaea (*2).
3. Oieaeeiaiaua eiiiaiee eae noauaeou i?aaa auaeaeythony oai,
/oi eo oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey ninoieo ia oieueei a aaaeaiee
nianoaaiiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe ii .auioneo oiaa?ia, au-
iieiaieth ?aaio e ieacaieth oneoa, ii e a ?oeiaiaenoaa aeayoaeueiinoueth
ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee iin?aaenoaii i?eia?aoaiey eo aeoeee. Iie ai?aaa
oaeaea aanoe eiaanoeoeeiiioth aeayoaeueiinoue a noa?a eoiee-i?iaeaaee
oeaiiuo aoiaa.
I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oieaeeiaiauo eiiiaiee ii?aaeaeyaony ia?yaeo
n Caeiiii i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe
oaeaea A?aiaiiui iieiaeaieai i oieaeeiaiauo eiiiaieyo, nicaeaaa-
aiuo i?e i?aia?aciaaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee a aeoeei-
ia?iua iauanoaa, ooaa?aeaeaiiui Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 16
(**1) Iieiaeaiea i niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeao i?eaaoecaoeee, aeeo-
ioee?othueo i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee a?aaeaeai. – I?eeiaeaiea ? 2 e Oeaco I?ace-
aeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 a., ni. oaeaea ?acae. 9 Ainoea?noeaiiie i?ia?aiiu i?eaa-
oecaoeee, NAII. 1994, ? 1, no. 2.
(**2) I?eeiaeaiea ? 3 e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 a.
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iiya?y 1992 a. (*1).
Oieaeeiaiaie eiiiaieae i?eciaaony i?aaei?eyoea, iacaaene-
ii io aai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu, a ninoaa aeoeaia
eioi?iai aoiaeyo eiio?ieueiua iaeaou aeoeee ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee.
A naith i/a?aaeue i?aaei?eyoey, eiio?ieueiua iaeaou aeoeee eioi-
?uo aoiaeyo a ninoaa aeoeaia oieaeeiaiaie eiiiaiee, eiaiothony
Eiio?ieueiue iaeao, eae i?eciae iaee/ey eee ionoonoaey oie-
aeeiaiaie eiiiaiee aeieaeai iaania/eoue i?eiyoea (ioeeiiaiea)
ethaiai ?aoaiey ia iauai nia?aiee aeoeeiia?ia (iaeueeia). Aai
iaee/ea ii?aaeaeyaony AEAI ?O n o/aoii eiie?aoiuo iniaaiiin-
oae no?oeoo?u eaieoaea i?aaei?eyoey e o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieoiai-
oia.
Oieaeeiaiaua eiiiaiee e eo aei/a?iea i?aaei?eyoey nicaeathony
a oi?ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa ioe?uoiai oeia. A?aiaiiia iie-
iaeaiea onoaiaaeeaaao ii?aaeaeaiiua ia?aie/aiey ia nicaeaiea oie-
aeeiaiauo eiiiaiee. Ia aeiioneaaony eo nicaeaiey, anee yoi aaaeao
e iiiiiieecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, iie ia iiaoo nicaeaaaoueny a noa?a
oi?aiaee, naeuenei-oicyenoaaiiii i?iecaiaenoaa, iauanoaaiiii ie-
oaiee e auoiaii ianeoaeeaaiee ianaeaiey, o?ainii?oa (e?iia
aeaeaciiaei?iaeiiai, o?oaii?iaiaeiiai e i?aaei?eyoee, inouanoaey-
thueo eneeth/eoaeueii iaaeaeoia?iaeiua ia?aaicee) e a iaeioi?uo
ae?oaeo neo/ayo.
Oeiainiaua oieaeeiaiaua eiiiaiee auaeaeythony oai, /oi aieaa
50% eo eaieoaea ninoaaeytho oeaiiua aoiaae ae?oaeo yieoaioia.
Oeaiiua aoiaae e eiua oeiainiaua aeoeau aeieaeiu ninoaaeyoue
eiouanoai eiiiaiee (ia n/eoay eiouanoaa, iaiaoiaeeiiai aeey
oi?aaeaiey aeaeaie eiiiaiee). Aneaaenoaea yoiai e eiiiaoaioeee
oeiainiaie oieaeeiaiaie eiiiaiee ioiineony eneeth/eoaeueii aa-
aeaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Ae?oaea aeaeu aeayoaeueiinoe
aeey iaa ia aeiioneathony. A ioee/ea io ae?oaeo, oeiainiaay oie-
aeeiaiaay eiiiaiey ia ai?aaa aiaoeaaoueny a i?iecaiaenoaaiioth
e eiiia?/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue aei/a?ieo i?aaei?eyoee. Aa i?aae-
noaaeoaee iiaoo oieueei i?eieiaoue o/anoea a nia?aieyo aeoeeiia-
?ia, ii ia iiaoo auoue aeeth/aiu a ninoaa i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey
aei/a?ieie i?aaei?eyoeyie. Naeaeee oaeie eiiiaiee a ioiioaiee
i?eiaaeeaaeaueo ae oeaiiuo aoiaa iiaoo niaa?oaoueny ia eia/a eae
ia i?aaieciaaiiii ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa, oi anoue ia oiiaeiaie
ae?aea.
4. Iniaia ianoi n?aaee eiaanoeoeeiiiuo i?aaiecaoeee caieiaao
Ainoaea?noaaiiay eiaanoeoeeiiiay ei?ii?aoeey (Aineiei?), eioi?ay
(**1) AAN, 1992. ?47, no. 2722.
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nicaeaia aeey eii?aeeiaoeee eiaanoeoeeiiiiai i?ioeanna a Oaaea?aoeee.
Aineiei? aeaenoaoao a ea/anoaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey. A
aai oicyenoaaiioth eiiiaoaioeeth aoiaeeo ?aaeecaoeey eiaanoeoee-
iiiuo i?iaeoia ca n/ao oeaio?aeeciaaiiuo eaieoaeueiuo aeiaea-
iee, auaeaeyaiuo oeaeaaui iacia/aieai I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?innee-
neie Oaaea?aoeee, e?aaeeoia OeA ?O, i?eaea/aiiuo e nianoaaiiuo
n?aaenoa. Aeey oiai, /oiau ?aaeeciaaoue oaaea?aeueiua e ?aaeiiaeueiua
i?ia?aiiu nioeeaeueiiai e yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey Aineiei? eia-
ao i?aai inouanoaeyoue yenia?oeco, eiieo?niue ioai? eiaanoeoee-
iiiuo i?iaeoia, o/anoaiaaoue a eo iiaeaioiaea, /oiau caoai ii?a-
aeaeeoue iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiia iai?aaeaiea eiaanoeoeee, oeiai-
ne?iaaoue ?aaeecaoeeth niioaaonoaothueo i?iaeoia (iai?eia?,
naycaiiuo n eiiaa?neae AIE, ?acaeoeai ia?a?aaaouaathueo i?i-
ecaiaenoa a AIE e ae?.) e i?eaea/ue e eiaanoe?iaaieth oaeeo iauaeoia
eiino?aiiuo e ioa/anoaaiiuo eiaanoi?ia. Aeey noeioee?iaaiey
iineaaeieo Aineiei? aunooiaao aa?aioii, a oii /enea iiaeao ino-
uanoaeyoue caeiaiaua iia?aoeee a oeaeyo iaania/aiey aeeaaeuaaaiuo
eiaanoi?aie ia iaiai?aiiuo oneiaeyo n?aaenoa a ?aaeecoaiua
i?iaeou (*1).
9. Ainoaea?noai (?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey) e ?anioaeeee,
aoiaeyuea a iaa, eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Ainoaea?noai eae noauaeo oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iaaeaeaii i?e-
ciaeaie, naienoaaiiuie noauaeoai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa: iaeaaeaao
nianoaaiiui eiouanoaii, eioi?ia ?aaeecoao a yeiiiie/aneii iai-
?ioa, oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeeae, ?oeiaiaeeo oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoueth e iaiin?aaenoaaiii inouanoaeyao aa, onoaiaaeeaay oi-
cyenoaaiiua nayce n ae?oaeie o/anoieeaie oicyenoaaiiiai iai?ioa
aeanoii e ia iniiaa aeiaiai?ia.
Eiia/ii, eae noauaeo oicyenoaiaaiey ainoaea?noai eiaao naie
iniaaiiinoe. A aai eiiiaoaioeee i?aiaeaaeaao ?oeiaiaenoai oicyeno-
aaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth. Ainoaea?noai ia ioaeaeaaony eae o/anoiee yei-
iiie/aneiai iai?ioa a eaaeoeiaoeee, iiaeiaii ae?oaei noauaeoai.
?oeiaiaenoai yeiiiieeie n iiiiuueth aeoia th?eaee/aneie neeu, oi
naoue caeiiia, oaeaea yaeyaony aai iniaaiiinoueth.
Oai ia iaiaa auei au iai?aaeeueiui ono?aieoue yoiai noauaeoa
ec ?yaea noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Yoi naeaeaao iaiauynieiui
iiiaea aii?inu oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, nicaeano aaeooi a i?a-
aiaie o?aeoiaea ?oeiaiaeyuae aeayoaeueiinoe ainoaea?noaa a noa?a
(**1) Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O . – AAN, 1992, ? 27, no. 1558.
(**2) Ni.: Caeii ?NON?
? 29, no. 1005.
9. Ainoaea?noai e ?anioaeeee eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 117
E niaianoiiio aaaeaieth oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie
aeanoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe
?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ioiinyony:
– ?aca?aie/aiea ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe;
– i?e?iaeiiieueciaaiea, io?aia ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu e iaania/aiea
yeieiae/aneie aaciianiinoe (a /anoe, eanathuaeny ?anniao?eaaaiuo
iaie aii?inia oicyenoaiaaiey);
– onoaiiaeaiea iaueo i?eioeeiia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey e nai?ia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
E aaaeaieth ?anioaeeee a ninoaaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ioiineony
?aaoee?iaaiea aii?inia, ca eneeth/aieai ia?aaeaiiuo a aaaeaiea
oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?a-
oeee.
Eiiiaoaioeey ii ?oeiaiaenoao yeiiiieeie aeeth/aao oaeaea eii-
o?ieue ca inouanoaeaieai oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Yoe eiio?ieueiua ooieoeee ?aaeecothony a i?aaiioiioaiee ai-
noaea?noaa ni anaie noauaeoaie oicyenoaiaaiey ii aii?inai, ii?a-
aeaeaiiui a caeiia, eiaaea anyeee aae?anao niioaaonoaothueo aaeaiee
ainoaea?noaa iaycai niaethaeaoue a oiaea oicyenoaiaaiey: a) i?e?iaei-
io?aiiua o?aaiaaiey caeiia e iiaecaeiiiuo aeoia; a) aaaeaiea o/aoa
e io/aoiinoe; a) nioeeaeueiiai e iaaeeoeeineiai no?aoiaaiey ?aaioie-
eia; a) io?aiu o?oaea e oaoieee aaciianiinoe; ae) o?aaiaaiey
AINO(ia) e INO(ia), eiaaea yoi i?aaeoniio?aii caeiiii (*1); a) o?aai-
aaiey caeiia ; ae) ae?oaea o?aaiaaiey caeiia ii aaaeaieth i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Eiio?ieueiua ooieoeee a oaeeo neo/ayo icia/atho iaee/ea niio-
aaonoaothueo i?aaiioiioaiee iaaeaeo ainoaea?noaii (a eeoea eiiia-
oaioiuo i?aaiia) e eiio?iee?oaiui noauaeoii. Iniiaaieai oaeeo
i?aaiioiioaiee yaeythony oeacaiey caeiia ia onoaiiaeaiee eii-
iaoaioeee ainoaea?noaa ?aaeeciaaoue eiio?ieueioth ooieoeeth a neo/ayo
e i?aaeaeao, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo eiie?aoiui caeiiii. I?aaiaie oi?-
iie oaeiai eiio?iey aunooiatho aeou i?iaa?ie, o?aaiaaiee io/aoiuo
aeieoiaioia, i?aaeienaiee ii onoaiiaeaiiui oaeoai ia?ooaiey
caeiia, eiuo oi?iao, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo eiie?aoiui caeiiii ia
onoaiiaeaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiio?iey ca oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoueth.
Eiie?aoiia ?aaoee?iaaiea icia/aao ecaeaiea aeoia, iai?aaeai-
iuo ia onoaiiaeaiea, eciaiaiea e i?ae?auaiea oicyenoaaiiuo
i?aaiioiioaiee. ?aaoee?iaaiea, eae neaaaaiia eiiiaoaioeee aino-
aea?noaa ii ?oeiaiaenoao oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth /aua anaai ia
naycaii n aee?aeoeaii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiie oi?iie ?aaeecaoeee aino-
(**1) Iai?eia?, no. 10 Caeiia ia eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?NON?.
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aea?noaii naiae eiiiaoaioeee. Yoo eiiiaoaioeeth ainoaea?noai no?a-
ieony inouanoaeoue ia yeiiiie/aneie iniiaa.
Oae, ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe inouanoaeyaony n iiiiuueth aeoia i aeioaoeeyo, noaneaeeyo,
noaaaioeeyo, athaeaeaoiuo noaeao ia ?acaeoea ioaeaeueiuo oa??eoi?ee,
io?aneae, i?iecaiaenoa. Yoe e iiaeiaiua aeou onoaiaaeeaatho oicye-
noaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneia iaycaoaeuenoai, a neeo eioi?iai ainoaea?noai
iaycaii eniieieoue ?aoaiey i niioaaonoaothueo i?aaeinoaaeaieyo, a
aae?anao iaia/aiiuo nnoae, aeioaoeee, noaaaioeee iieo/aao i?aai o?a-
aiaaoue eo i?aaeinoaaeaiey.
Aeou ?aaoee?iaaiey iie?athony ia eiiiaoaioeeth ainoaea?noaa,
ii?aaeaeaiioth a caeiia. ?aoaiea aioeiiiiiieueiiai i?aaia i ?ac-
aeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey yaeyaony iniiaaieai aeey aai i?ae?auaiey
(?ai?aaiecaoeee a oi?ia ?acaeaeaiey). ?aoaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai
eiieoaoa ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia
ooaa?aeaeaiee ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey yaeyaony iniiaaieai
aeey i?aia?aciaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, oi anoue i?aai-
eciaiythuei aeoii.
4. I?e ?anniio?aiee ainoaea?noaa eae noauaeoa oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue, eaeea aea i?aaiu ?inneeneie Oaaea-
?aoeee eee ?anioaeeee, aoiaeyuae a aa ninoaa, onoaiaaeeaatho i?a-
aiioiioaiey ainoaea?noaa n ae?oaeie noauaeoaie. Anee ?aiaa n/eoa-
einue, /oi ?aaeeciaaoue eiiiaoaioeeth ainoaea?noaa (a onoaiiaeaiiie
Caeiiii ia?a) ai?aaa ethaua i?aaiu ainoaea?noaa, oi naaiaeiy yoi
auaeyaeeo eia/a. Io eiaie ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ai?aaa aeaenoaiaaoue
oaaea?aeueiua i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, oi anoue
oeaio?aeueiua i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee,
e eo i?aaiu ia ianoao. Iaeuecy a yoii ieaia iieaaaoue, /oi, neaaeai,
niioaaonoaothuay aaeieieno?aoeey e?aaa, iaeanoae e ae?. ai?aaa i?e-
ieiaoue oicyenoaaiiua aeou io eiaie Oaaea?aoeee. Iie naiinoiy-
oaeueiua noauaeou ni naiae eiouanoaaiiie aacie e eiiiaoaioeeae.
Io eiaie ?anioaeeee, aoiaeyuae a ?inneeneoth Oaaea?aoeeth, au-
nooiatho i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey ?anioaeeee e eo i?aaiia ia
ianoao.
5. Iaaei ia?aoeoue aieiaiea aua ia iaeii ianoiyoaeuenoai. Aino-
aea?noai ?aaeecoao i?aainoaueaeoiinoue /a?ac naie i?aaiu. Ec yoiai
iaeuecy aeaeaoue auaiaeia, /oi i?aaiioiioaiey a iaeanoe oicyenoai-
aaiey neeaaeuaathony n yoeie i?aaiaie, a ia ainoaea?noaii.
Iaeuecy eiino?oe?iaaoue oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey ainoaea?-
noaa n ae?oaeie noauaeoaie iooai i?eaycuaaiey eo e i?aaio ainoaea?noaa
eae noauaeoo. A oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa ana noauaeou aeaenoaotho ia
iniiaa eiouanoaaiiiai iainiaeaiey. I?aaa e iaycaiiinoe ainoaea?noaa
oanii naycaiu n aai eiouanoaaiiie aacie: ia iaa eiaeaony niioaaono-
aothuea ia?aiaiaiey ii i?ia?aiiai, aeoai ia eiouanoaaiiuo iay-
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caoaeuenoaao. Ia iaa eiaeaony ia?aiaiaiey, a iaa aeeaathony i?eia?a-
oaiey. Anee ii ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiia e.e. noauaeoo i?e/eoathony
anneaiiaaiey, oi ii ai?aaa eo o?aaiaaoue io ainoaea?noaa, eae iaeaaeaoaey
i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia ieo. Auiieiaiea aea iaycaoaeuenoa ainoaea?noaa
?aaeecoaony aeayoaeueiinoueth eiiiaoaioiiai i?aaia.
A ethauo neo/ayo i?aaiioiioaiea aeieaeii onoaiaaeeaaoueny iaaeaeo
noauaeoaie, aeaenoaothueie n nianoaaiiie eiouanoaaiiie aacie.
10. Aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey e?aaa,
iaeanoae, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa eae noauaeou
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. E?ay, iaeanoe, ai?iaea Iineaa e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a eae noauaeou
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa (aeaeaa aeey e?aoeinoe – e?ay, iaeanoe) iaea-
aeatho nianoaaiiui eiouanoaii, eioi?ia ?aaeecotho a yeiiiie/aneii
iai?ioa eae aai nianoaaiieee, eiatho oicyenoaaiioth eiiiaoaioeeth,
iie?athuothny ia Eiinoeoooeeth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, a oaeaea
Caeii (*1).
Yoe oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey yaeythony noauaeoaie ?innee-
neie Oaaea?aoeee. Oa?aeoa?ii, /oi eo i?aainoaueaeoiinoue ioi?ieyaony
onoaaii e?ay, iaeanoe, a eioi?ii ia iniiaaiee Eiinoeoooeee ?in-
neeneie Oaaea?aoeee e caeiiia ?O cae?aieyaony noaia oi?aaeaiey
e?aai, iaeanoueth, eiie?aoece?othony no?oeoo?a, ooieoeee e iieii-
ii/ey i?aaiia aaeieieno?aoeee, i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe eo ?oeiaiaee-
oaeae, oi?iu o/anoey a?aaeaeai a aeayoaeueiinoe e?aaaie, iaeanoiie
aaeieieno?aoeee. Onoaa aeieaeai i?eieiaoueny e?aaaui, iaeanoiui
caeiiiaeaoaeueiui nia?aieai (*2).
Eiia/ii, i?aaeoniio?aiiia Caeiiii niaea?aeaiea Onoaaa a?yae
ee yaeyaony niaa?oaiiui. Ia iao acaeyae) a iaai aeieaeiu au
aeeth/aoueny naaaeaiey ia eiouanoaa e?ay, iaeanoe, iieo/aiiii a
nianoaaiiinoue a niioaaonoaee n ?anii?yaeaieai ii iinoaiiaeaieth
Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea,
iaeiaei neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, /oi, ai-ia?auo, eiouanoaaiiia i?aae-
inoaaeaiea ioi?ieyaony a aeoao ?ani?aaeaeaiey (ooaa?aeaeaaiuo a
ia?a/iyo iauaeoia) (*3) nianoaaiiinoe, a, ai-aoi?uo, eiiiaoaioeey
(**1) AAN, 1992, ? 13, no. 663.
(**2) No. 4 Caeiia .
(**3) Ni.:Iieiaeaiea ia ii?aaeaeaiee iiiauaeoiiai ninoaaa oaaea?aeueiie, ainoaea?noaai-
iie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe e ii?yaeea ioi?ieaiey i?aa nianoaaiiinoe, oo-
aa?aeaeaiiia ?anii?yaeaieai I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie oaaea?aoeee io 18 ia?oa 1992 a.
? 114 ?i.- AAN. 1992, ? 13. no. 697.
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e?aaa, iaeanoae ii?aaeaeaia a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a a Caeiia , ae?oaeo caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoao. Iiyoiio
aeaaiui, eae iai eaaeaony, aeey onoaaia yaeyaony ?ani?aaeaeaiea
iieiiii/ee iaaeaeo i?aaiaie oi?aaeaiey, ?aaeecothueie eiiia-
oaioeeth iaeanoe, e?ay.
2. Eiouanoaaiioth aaco e?ay, iaeanoe, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-
Iaoa?ao?aa ninoaaeytho iauaeou, ia?aaeaiiua a ainoaea?noaaiioth ni-
anoaaiiinoue yoeo aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiuo ia?aciaaiee.
A ia?a/ie iauaeoia, ia?aaeaaaaiuo a ainoaea?noaaiioth nianoaaiiinoue
yoeo noauaeoia, aeeth/athony oa iauaeou, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeaiu i?e-
eiaeaieai ? 2 e Iinoaiiaeaieth Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee io 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea ? 3020-1.
Iaaei ia?aoeoue aieiaiea, /oi yoi iauaeou ainoaea?noaaiiie ni-
anoaaiiinoe, ii ieeaeea i?aaiu ainoaea?noaa ia ai?aaa iinea eo
ia?aaea/e ?aaeeciaaoue aeaaeaiea, iieueciaaiea e ?anii?yaeaiea yoei
eiouanoaii, e?iia i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey
e?aaa e iaeanoae. Caeiiiaeaoaeue aia?aua a caeiiao i nianoaaiiinoe
?NON? aaae iiiyoea ainoaea?noaaiiay nianoaaiiinoue e?aaa, iaeanoae.
Yoi icia/aao, /oi ainoaea?noaaiiay nianoaaiiinoue i?eiaaeeaaeeo ai-
noaea?noaaiiiio aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiiio ia?aciaaieth
e?ay, iaeanoe. Eieaeueiua a?aieoeu yoie nianoaaiiinoe n ooaa?aeaea-
ieai iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii ia?a/iy aa iauaeoia oa?aeoa?ecotho eio-
uanoaaiioth aaco e?aaa e iaeanoae. N yoei eiouanoaii e aunooiatho
iie a yeiiiie/aneii iai?ioa (*1), aeaaeatho, iieuecothony e ?anii?yaea-
thony ei.
Iiieii yoiai a oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea e ?anii?yaeaiea e?ay,
iaeanoe iiaoo ia?aaeaaaoueny iauaeou, /eneyueany a ninoaaa oaaea-
?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe (*2).
E?ay e iaeanoe a naith i/a?aaeue i?eiaaeeaaeauea ei iauaeou
ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe ai?aaa cae?aieyoue ca i?aaei?eyoeyie
ia i?aaa oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, a ca o/?aaeaeaieyie – ia i?aaa
iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey (*3).
3. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey e?aaa e iaeanoae a iniiaa naiae
iie?aaony ia Caeii ?O . Iniiaiua neaaa-
aiua yoie eiiiaoaioeee ioiinyony e noa?a ?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe e?ay, iaeanoe /a?ac e?aaaua, iaeanoiua i?aaiu aaeie-
ieno?aoeee. Iie onoaiaaeeaatho ii?yaeie oi?aaeaiey e ?anii?yaeaiey
(**1) Ni.: no. 12 Caeiia ?O .
(**2) No. 11 oeacaiiiai Caeiia.
(**3) No. 13 iacaaiiiai Caeiia.
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nianoaaiiinoueth e?ay, iaeanoe, a oaeaea iauaeoaie oaaea?aeueiie ni-
anoaaiiinoe, ia?aaeaiiuie a oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea e ?anii?yaeaiea
e?ay, iaeanoe;
– ia?acotho aiaathaeaeaoiua oiiaeu, aaethoiua oiiaeu, eioi?ua
?aaeecotho, a oii /enea aeey aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
(no. 20-21 Caeiia);
– i?eieiatho ?aoaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee eiouanoaa e?ay, iaeanoe
(no. 27 Caeiia);
– ooaa?aeaeatho ia?a/ie nioeeaeueii cia/eiuo aeey e?ay, iaeanoe
iauaeoia, ia iiaeeaaeaueo io/oaeaeaieth; onoaiaaeeaatho iaeneiaeue-
iua ?acia?u noieiinoe io/oaeaeaaiiai eiouanoaa;
– nicaeatho e i?ae?auatho i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiaaeeaatho i?aaeaeu
eo oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii, caeeth/atho eiio?aeou n eo
?oeiaiaeeoaeyie;
– ooaa?aeaeatho ieaiu e i?ia?aiiu nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey e?ay, iaeanoe;
– onoaiaaeeaatho a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii e?aaaua, iaeanoiua
iaeiae, nai?u, iioeeiu e oa?eou ia iieaoo oneoa i?aaei?eyoee e
i?aaiecaoeee, iaoiaeyueony a nianoaaiiinoe e?ay, iaeanoe, e ii?yaeie
eo aceiaiey;
– ooaa?aeaeatho noaaee ieaoaaeae a e?aaaie, iaeanoiie athaeaeao
i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee, iaoiaeyueony a nianoaaiiinoe e?ay,
iaeanoe; onoaiiaeaiea eueaio e i?aeiouanoa, a oii /enea iaeiaiauo,
ii ieaoaaeai a e?aaaie, iaeanoiie athaeaeao (no. 13 Caeiia).
E?aaaay, iaeanoiay aaeieieno?aoeey a oiaea iia?aoeaiiai ?oei-
aiaenoaa oicyenoaii:
– ?ac?aaaouaaao i?iaeou e iaania/eaaao auiieiaiea ieaiia e
i?ia?aii nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey e?ay, iaeanoe; i?aa-
iecoao iiaeaioiaeo i?iaeoia e oeooeueiuo nieneia no?iae iauaeoia,
iaoiaeyueony a nianoaaiiinoe e?ay. iaeanoe e ooaa?aeaeaao eo;
– inouanoaeyao ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee (?aaeecoao iaoa?eaeueii-oaoie/aneea ?ano?nu,
?ani?aaeaeyaiua a aae?an e?aaa e iaeanoae; i?aaiecoao ia?ii?eyoey
ii i?eaaoecaoeee eiouanoaa, iaoiaeyuaainy a nianoaaiiinoe e?ay,
iaeanoe; caiaiyao ii niaeaniaaieth n i?aaei?eyoeyie ieaoaaee, aii-
neiua eie a e?aaaie, iaeanoiie athaeaeao, ii?aaeaeaiiuie aeaeaie
i?iaeoeoeee, iaoa?eaeaie, a oaeaea auiieiaieai ?aaio eee ieacaieai
oneoa, i?eieiaao ae?oaea iiaeiaiua ?aoaiey) (no. 49-50 Caeiia).
E?aaaay, iaeanoiay aaeieieno?aoeey eiio?iee?otho aaaeaiea oi-
cyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee, iaoiaeyueony a nianoaai-
iinoe e?ay, iaeanoe, a o./. aaaeaiea eie o/aoa e io/aoiinoe (no. 49,
52,56 Caeiia).
E niaeaeaieth, caeiiiaeaoaeue ia i?iaiaeeo iineaaeiaaoaeueii eean-
neoeeaoeee anao aeaeia ?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth ni
!!122
noi?iiu e?aaa e iaeanoae eae noauaeoia i?aaa. Eo eiiiaoaioeey
aeaaony a ianenoaiaoece?iaaiiii aeaea, a oii /enea a io?aneaaii
?ac?aca e ii iai?aaeaieyi oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (ni.: no. 49-
56 Caeiia). Iaeiaei, aeaaea ec ia?a/eneaiey aaaeiaeoeo aeaeia oaeiai
?oeiaiaenoaa aeaeii, /oi a eiiiaoaioeee i?aaenoaaeaiu ana aeaeu ?o-
eiaiaeyuae aeayoaeueiinoe: nicaeaiea noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey, iea-
ie?iaaiea, ?aaoee?iaaiea (a oii /enea ii?iaoeaiia) e eiio?ieue
ca noauaeoaie oicyenoaiaaiey.
A eiiiaoaioeeth e?aaa e iaeanoae caeiiiaeaoaeue aeeth/aao e
iaiin?aaenoaaiiia aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Oioy
e?ay e iaeanoe ia auioneatho i?iaeoeoeee, ia auiieiytho ?aaio
e ia ieacuaatho oneoa a oii aeaea, eaeie naienoaai noauaeoai
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa – i?aaei?eyoeyi e oece/aneei eeoeai.
Iaeiaei eo ?aaioa ii iaania/aieth iaoa?eaeueii-oeiainiauo
i?aaeiinueie i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa, a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo e
iaiin?aaenoaaiiia aeeth/aiea a i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeue-
iinoue (iai?eia?, i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee e iaaa, auione caeiia,
iieo/aiea e?aaeeoia e o.i.) icia/aao i?eia?aoaiea oicyenoaai-
iuo i?aa e iaycaiiinoae a yeiiiie/aneie noa?a e iioiio
aeieaeia auoue ?anniio?aia a ?yaeo eiiiaoaioeee noauaeoia ii
aaaeaieth oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
A yoii niunea e?ay e iaeanoe ai?aaa:
– ?aaeeciaaoue i?eiaaeeaaeauaa ei eiouanoai, a oii /enea n
oeaeueth iieo/aiey aeioiaea (io naea/e a a?aiaeo,a oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea,
i?iaeaaee eee i?eaaoecaoeee) (no. II-13 Caeiia);
– o/anoaiaaoue ai aiaoiayeiiiie/aneeo naycyo aeey ?aaeecaoeee
e i?eia?aoaiey i?iaeoeoeee (no. 14 Caeiia);
– aeeaaeuaaoue n?aaenoaa aiaathaeaeaoiuo oiiaeia a aeoeee e iae
aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa e oiaa?euanoa (no. 20 Caeiia);
– auioneaoue caeiu; ia?aaeaaaoue n?aaenoaa nicaeaaaaiuo oeaeaauo
oiiaeia aaieai a ea/anoaa ?ano?nia e?aaeeoiaaiey oeaeaauo i?ia?aii
e ia?ii?eyoee aeey ?aoaiey oa??eoi?eaeueiuo caaea/, a oii /enea
ia eueaioiie iniiaa; iieueciaaoueny e?aaeeoaie ia oicyenoaaiiua e
nioeeaeueiua oeaee (no. 22 Caeiia);
– i?aaeinoaaeyoue caeiu i?aaei?eyoeyi e i?aaiecaoeeyi ec n?aaenoa
e?aaaiai, iaeanoiiai athaeaeaoa (no. 46 Caeiia);
– anooiaoue a aeiaiai?iua ioiioaiey n ae?oaeie e?ayie, iaean-
oyie, aaoiiiiiuie iaeanoyie, ie?oaaie e ?anioaeeeaie a ninoaaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aeey nicaeaiey niaianoiuo i?aaei?eyoee, oi-
cyenoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee, eii?aeeiaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe a ?acee/iuo
io?aneyo (no. 7 Caeiia);
– ?aoaoue ia aeiaiai?iuo ia/aeao n ethauie o/anoieeaie oicye-
noaaiiuo ioiioaiee ethaua aii?inu a eioa?anao e?ay, iaeanoe
(no. 45, 52-54 e ae?. noaouee Caeiia).
!!123
4. Eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa e?ay e iaeanoe ?aaeecotho
naith eiiiaoaioeeth /a?ac aaeieieno?aoeeth e?ay, iaeanoe, i?aaiu
e?aaaie, iaeanoiie aaeieieno?aoeee.
Aaeieieno?aoeey aeaenoaoao ia aaca ii?aaeaeaiey na eiiiaoaioeee
a Onoaaa e?ay, iaeanoe (no. 4 Caeiia), oi?aaeyao e ?anii?yaeaaony
iauaeoaie nianoaaiiinoe e?ay, iaeanoe a i?aaeaeao, onoaiiaeaiiuo
Caeiiii (no. 13 Caeiia). I?aaiu e?aaaie aaeieieno?aoeee aeaeno-
aotho a niioaaonoaee ni noaiie oi?aaeaiey e?aai, iaeanoueth e
iieiiii/eyie, ii?aaeaeaiiuie Onoaaii e?ay, iaeanoe (no. 38 Ca-
eiia). Iieiiii/ey ii nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiio ?acaeoeth e?ay,
iaeanoe, iaeanoiie, e?aaaie aaeieieno?aoeee – iie?athony naaiaeiy
a oii /enea e ia oa ii?iu, eioi?ua auee aae?aniaaiu i?aaenoaae-
oaeueiui i?aaiai (no. 45-56 Caeiia). Iiyoiio i?e ii?aaeaeaiee
caeiiiinoe aeoia aaeieieno?aoeee e?ay, iaeanoe iaiaoiaeeii o/e-
ouaaoue ana yoe iiiaiou, iicaieythuea aaeieieno?aoeee ?aaeiia,
aa i?aaiia, aeaenoaiaaoue io aai eiaie.
5. Ana, /oi neacaii a ianoiyuai ia?aa?aoa i i?aainoauaeoiinoe
e?aaa e iaeanoae, iiaeao auoue ioianaii e e aaoiiiiiui iaeanoyi
e ie?oaai, oaeaea yaeythueieny noauaeoaie Oaaea?aoeee. Iie eia-
tho aiaeiae/ioth eiouanoaaiioth aaco e oicyenoaaiioth eiiia-
oaioeeth. Ia neo/aeii ia iniiaaiee i?aaenoaaeaiey Niaaoa ia?i-
aeiuo aeaiooaoia Aa?aeneie aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe ia iaa ?ani?ino-
?aiaii aeaenoaea Caeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (*1).
11. Aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey ai?iaeia
e ?aeiiia eae noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Ai?iaea e ?aeiiu n eo ianaeaieai yaeythony oaeaea noauae-
oaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Iie iaeaaeatho nianoaaiiui eiouan-
oaii ia ia/aeao i?aaa ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, ?aaeecotho
yoi eiouanoai, nicaeaaay ioieoeeiaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey, inouan-
oaeyy ?oeiaiaenoai eo aeayoaeueiinoueth eae nianoaaiieee, a oaeaea
caeeth/ay aeiaiai?u n ae?oaeie noauaeoaie oicyenoaiaaiey a oeaeyo
?aaeecaoeee ieaiia yeiiiie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey oa?-
?eoi?ee e caueou yeiiiie/aneeo eioa?ania ianaeaiey ai?iaeia
e ?aeiiia.
I?aainoauaeoiinoue ai?iaeia e ?aeiiia iaania/eaaaony caeiiii
(e i?eiyouie a aai ?acaeoea aeoaie
Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O e I?aceaeaioa ?O i ?ani?aaeaeaiee iauaeoia
(**1) AAN, 1992. ? 13, no. 664.
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ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe a ioieoeeiaeueioth nianoaaiiinoue),
Caeiiii ?NON? (*2) io-
ianaiu:
Iauaeou, ?aniieiaeaiiua ia oa??eoi?eyo, iaoiaeyueony a aa-
aeaiee niioaaonoaothuaai ai?iaeneiai (ca eneeth/aieai ai?iaeia ?ae-
iiiiai iiae/eiaiey), ?aeiiiiai (ca eneeth/aieai ?aeiiia a ai?i-
aeao) Niaaoa ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia a aeaea aeeeuo e iaaeeeuo iiia-
uaiee nioeeaeueii-eoeueoo?iiai e auoiaiai iacia/aiey. Nthaea aea
ioiinyony aeeeeuii-yenieoaoaoeeiiiua e ?aiiioii-no?ieoaeueiua
i?aaei?eyoey, iauaeou eiaeaia?iie eio?ano?oeoo?u ai?iaeia (e?iia
aoiaeyueo a ninoaa eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoee), ai?iaeneiai iannaaee?-
neiai o?ainii?oa, aiaoiaai aeaaiono?ienoaa, a oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey,
inouanoaeythuea yenieoaoaoeeth, ianeoaeeaaiea e ?aiiio oeacai-
iuo iauaeoia.
A ioieoeeiaeueioth nianoaaiiinoue ioianaiu oaeaea iauaeou ?i-
cie/iie oi?aiaee, iauanoaaiiiai ieoaiey e auoiaiai ianeoaeeaaiey
ianaeaiey, a oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey e iiae?acaeaeaiey, i?aaeiacia/aiiua
aeey eo ianeoaeeaaiey, o/?aaeaeaiey e iauaeou cae?aaiio?aiaiey (e?i-
ia iaeanoiuo aieueieoe e aeeniaina?ia), ia?iaeiiai ia?aciaaiey (e?iia
niaoeoeie aeey aeaoae, no?aaeathueo o?iie/aneeie caaieaaaieyie),
eoeueoo?u e nii?oa.
Yoo eiouanoaaiioth aaco naiae aeayoaeueiinoe e ?aaeecoao
ianoiay aaeieieno?aoeey ia iniiaaiee caeiia . ?aaeecaoeey eiouanoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee inouan-
oaeyaony aeaaiui ia?acii iooai i?aaeinoaaeaiey ioieoeeiaeueiie
nianoaaiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea i?aaei?eyoee, ia?aaea/o
aa a a?aiaeo, a o/?aaeaeaieyi – a iia?aoeaiia oi?aaeaiea n ni-
ioaaonoaothuei ioi?ieaieai noaoona ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee e o/?aaeaeaiee e caeeth/aieai eiio?aeoia n eo ?oeiaiaeeoa-
eyie. Yoe ooieoeee inouanoaeytho nicaeaaaaiua aeey yoeo oeaeae
(**1) AAN, 1991, ?29, no. 1010.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 3, no. 89.
!!125
eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth niioaaonoaothuae ioieoeeiaeueiie ni-
anoaaiiinoueth.
3. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey ?aeiiia e ai?iaeia, eae oaea ai-
ai?eeinue, iie?aaony ia Caeii ?O
(aeaau 7-8 Caeiia).
I?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey ooaa?aeaeatho athaeaeao, ieaiu e i?i-
a?aiiu nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey ?aeiia e ai?iaea; ecia-
iaiey e aeiiieiaiey e iei, io/aou i eo auiieiaiee; ii?aaeaeytho
iai?aaeaiey eniieueciaaiey eaieoaeueiuo aeiaeaiee.
Ii ?aoaieth aaeieieno?aoeee ?aeiia e ai?iaea ia?acothony aia-
athaeaeaoiua e aaethoiua oiiaeu ?aeiia, ii?aaeaeyaony eo noaoon e
oeaeaaia iacia/aiea; o/?aaeaeathony oiiaeu aeey e?aaeeoiaaiey oeaeaauo
i?ia?aii e ia?ii?eyoee aeey ?aoaiey oa??eoi?eaeueiuo caaea/, oo-
aa?aeaeathony io/aou ia eo eniieiaiee. Aaeieieno?aoeey ai?iaea e
?aeiia i?eieiaao ?aoaiey i auaeaeaiee aeioaoeee e noaaaioeee athae-
aeaoai ieaeanoiyueo oa??eoi?ee, a oaeaea nnoae e caeiia ec n?aaenoa
?aeiiiiai athaeaeaoa; onoaiaaeeaaao a niioaaonoaee n caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaii ianoiua iaeiae, nai?u e oa?eou ia oiaa?u e oneoae, i?iec-
aiaeeiua e ieacuaaaiua ioieoeeiaeueiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie; i?eie-
iaao ?aoaiey i auionea eioa?ae, caeiia; ii?aaeaeyao a niioaaonoaee
n caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii oneiaey i?eia?aoaiey, nicaeaiey, i?aia?aciaa-
iey iauaeoia ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe; ooaa?aeaeaao ia?a/aiue
iauaeoia oaeie nianoaaiiinoe, i?eia?aoaiea, nicaeaiea e i?aia?a-
ciaaiea eioi?uo o?aaoao niaeaney i?aaenoaaeoaeueiiai i?aaia aeanoe.
Ai?iae, ?aeii a eeoea naieo i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey
e ii?yaeie ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee e ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa; onoaiaaeeaaao a niioaaonoaee
n caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ii?yaeie e oneiaey nicaeaiey e i?aia?aciaaiey
i?aaei?eyoee eee eiuo iauaeoia ?uii/iie eio?ano?oeoo?u, ?acia-
uaiey eo ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie oa??eoi?ee; onoaiaaeeaaao eaiou
ia ?ac?aaioeo iaoiaeyueony a aai aaaeaiee ianoi?iaeaeaiee iieaciuo
eneiiaaiuo e ieaoo ca eo eniieueciaaiea.
A aai eiiiaoaioeeth aoiaeeo oaeaea onoaiiaeaiea eueaio e i?aeio-
uanoa, a oii /enea iaeiaiauo, a oeaeyo noeioee?iaaiey i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe; ii?aaeaeaiea a niioaaonoaee n caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaii i?aaee iieueciaaiey i?e?iaeiuie ?ano?naie, auianaiea
?aoaiee i i?einoaiiaeaiee no?ieoaeuenoaa e yenieoaoaoeee iauaeoia
a neo/aa ia?ooaiey yeieiae/aneeo, naieoa?iuo, no?ieoaeueiuo ii?i
ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie oa??eoi?ee, cai?auaiea ia iniiaaiee caeeth-
/aiey Ainoaea?noaaiiie naieoa?ii-yieaeaieieiae/aneie neoaeau ?O
e Aineiieoaoa ?O ii yeieiaee e i?e?iaeiiieueciaaieth i?iaaaeaiey
ia naiae oa??eoi?ee ia?ii?eyoee, eioi?ua iiaoo aucaaoue iaaea-
aii?eyoiua yeieiae/aneea eciaiaiey, eciaiaiee aeaiia?aoe/aneie
neooaoeee eee ae?oaea iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey.
!!126
A eiiiaoaioeeth ai?iaea e ?aeiia aoiaeeo oaeaea onoaiiaeaiea
i?aaee iieueciaaiey aiaeicaai?iuie nii?oaeaieyie, i?aaeiacia/ai-
iuie aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey ioaeae ianaeaiey, a oaeaea ciiu naieoa?iie
io?aiu aiaeiuo iauaeoia a niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie naieoa?iuo
ii?i; iauyaeaiea i?e?iaeiuo e eiuo iauaeoia ianoiiai cia/aiey,
i?aaenoaaeythueo yeieiae/aneoth, enoi?e/aneoth eee iao/ioth oeai-
iinoue, iaiyoieeaie i?e?iaeu, enoi?ee e eoeueoo?u e ii?aaeaeaiea
i?aaee eo io?aiu e eniieueciaaiey.
4. ?aaeecaoeey oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee inouanoaeyaony oae-
aea ?aeiiiie e ai?iaeneie aaeieieno?aoeeae, a oiaea i?aeoe/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe.
Caeii aeaoaeueii ?ane?uaaao eii-
iaoaioeeth ?aeiiiie, ai?iaeneie aaeieieno?aoeee a iaeanoe ieaie-
?iaaiey, athaeaeaoa, oeiainia e o/aoa (no. 56 e no. 67); a iaeanoe
oi?aaeaiey ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoueth, acaeiiioiioaiee n
i?aaei?eyoeyie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaiecaoeeyie ia oa??eoi?ee
?aeiia, ai?iaea (no. 57 e no. 68); a iaeanoe oeaiiia?aciaaiey (no. 58
e no. 69); a iaeanoe iaoa?eaeueii-oaoie/aneiai iaania/aiey nioee-
aeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey oa??eoi?ee (no. 59 e no. 70); a
iaeanoe no?ieoaeuenoaa, o?ainii?oa e nayce (no. 61 e no. 72); a
iaeanoe aeeeeuiiai oicyenoaa, eiiioiaeueii-auoiaiai e oi?aiaiai
ianeoaeeaaiey ianaeaiey (no. 62 e no. 73); a noa?ao nioeeaeueii-
eoeueoo?iiai ianeoaeeaaiey ianaeaiey e aai nioeeaeueiie caueou
a oie ia?a, a eioi?ie yoi naycaii n ?aaeecaoeeae oicyenoaaiiie
eiiiaoaioeee.
Yoa oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey aaeieieno?aoeee iiaeao auoue ioea-
iaia a ea/anoaa eniieieoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, a ea/anoaa iaania-
/eaathuae i?iaaaeaiea a aeeciue i?eiyouo ?aoaiee.
Neaaeoao oaeaea eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a ?aeiiao e ai?iaeao i?eieiathony
onoaau i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee, a eioi?uo a /enea ae?oaeo aii?inia
?aoaaony e aii?in i ?aca?aie/aiee iieiiii/ee iaaeaeo niioaaono-
aothueie i?aaiaie oi?aaeaiey (no. 5). Iiyoiio aeaoaeecaoeey e
eiie?aoecaoeey oaeiai ?aca?aie/aiey eiiiaoaioeee ia iniiaaiee
caeiia iiaeao auoue i?iaaaeaia a yoii aeoa.
12. O?oaeiaua eieeaeoeau i?aaei?eyoee eae noauaeou
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
1. Aii?in i i?aainoauaeoiinoe o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia a oicye-
noaaiiuo ioiioaieyo a ianoiyuaa a?aiy neiaeai e nii?ai. A i?aaeieo
oneiaeyo oicyenoaiaaiey ii aiiaua ia aicieeae, eai o?oaeiaua
eieeaeoeau ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee e eiiia?aoeaiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee ii ?ani?ino?aiaiiie a oai?ee i?aaa e caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
!!127
aa?nee ninoaaeyee yae?i i?aaei?eyoey, au?aaeaee aai nouiinoue e ia
ninoaaeyee iniaie i?aaiaie oeao?u (*1).
A oneiaeyo, eiaaea nouiinoue i?aaei?eyoey caeiiiaeaoaeue naycae n
oeao?ie nianoaaiieea eee i?aaei?eieiaoaey, o o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa
iiyaeeny nianoaaiiue, iniaue yeiiiie/aneee eioa?an, au?aaeath-
ueeny a iaiaoiaeeiinoe iaiai?eoue iniiaiua oneiaey o?oaea ?aaioie-
eia i?aaei?eyoey e iieo/aiey niioaaonoaothueo eiouanoaaiiuo
oiiaeia a naia aaaeaiea, a oaeaea o/anoaiaaoue a ?aoaiee aii?inia
nicaeaiey e i?ae?auaiee i?aaei?eyoey. O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea a neeo
yoiai eae au aeenoaioee?iaaeny io i?aaei?eyoey e a ea/anoaa naiin-
oiyoaeueiie oeao?u aeieaeai anooiaoue a i?aaiioiioaiey n i?aaei?e-
yoeai, ca eioi?ui iuia /aoei i?iniao?eaaaony oeao?a nianoaaiieea
eeai i?aaei?eieiaoaey.
I?eciaiea o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa noauaeoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
iicaieyao /aoei ii?aaeaeeoue aai noaoon e eiiiaoaioeeth a ?aoaiee
aii?inia, cao?aaeaathueo eioa?anu oaeiai ia?aciaaiey. Iaeiaei oa-
i?aoe/aneoth neiaeiinoue i?aaenoaaeyao oi, /oi o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea
eae oaeiaie ia aaaeao i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue e a neeo
yoiai ia iaeaaeaao oaie i?eciaeaie, eioi?ua oa?aeoa?ecotho noau-
aeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. A oi aea a?aiy a?yae ee i?aaeeueii aoaeao
n/eoaoue o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea i?aaei?eyoey noauaeoii eiie io?anee
i?aaa.
E /eneo noauaeoia o?oaeiaiai i?aaa aai iaeuecy ioianoe, iioiio
/oi ?yae aii?inia, eioi?ua aoiaeyo a eiiiaoaioeeth o?oaeiaiai eieeae-
oeaa (iai?eia?, ?aoaiea aii?ina i auaeaeaiee ec ninoaaa i?aaei?e-
yoey no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee) iaaiciiaeii n/eoaoue
Aua iaiueoa iniiaaiee aeey ioianaiey eo e noa?a aaeieieno?aoeaiiai
i?aaa, iineieueeo yoi ia eniieieoaeueii-?anii?yaeeoaeueiay aeayoaeue-
iinoue a noa?a oi?aaeaiey. Iaeuecy n/eoaoue .o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea e
noauaeoii a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa, iineieueeo ii ia yaeyaony th?eaee-
/aneei eeoeii.
A neeo yoiai, iaaa?iia, aieaa oeaeaniia?aciui i?aaenoaaeyaony
i?eciaiea o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa i?aaei?eyoey iniaiai ?iaea noauaeoii
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, oioy e ia i?eieiathuei o/anoey a i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe eee ?oeiaiaenoaa ath, ii oai ia iaiaa
oanii naycaiiui n iath, aeeythuei naieie aeoaie ia oaeoth aeay-
oaeueiinoue.
2. Eae noauaeoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea oa-
?aeoa?ecoao oi, /oi a aai ninoaa aoiaeyo ana a?aaeaeaia, o/anoaothuea
(**1) Ni., iai?eia?, no. 2 Iieiaeaiey i nioeeaeenoe/aneii ainoaea?noaaiiii i?iecaiae-
noaaiiii i?aaei?eyoee, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 4
ieoya?y 1965 a.-NI NNN?, 1965, ? 19-20, no. 155. Ni. oaeaea: no. 1 Caeiia NNN?
, i?eiyoii 30 ethiy 1987 a. – Ecae.
Ecaanoey. I., 1987.
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naiei o?oaeii a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey ia iniiaa o?oaeiaiai aei-
aiai?a (no. 32 Caeiia ) . Aai eiouanoaaiiie aacie aeayoaeueiinoe yaeythony oii-
aeu, noi?ie?iaaiiua ei ia iniiaa eieeaeoeaiiai aeiaiai?a n niano-
aaiieeii i?aaei?eyoey eee aicaeaaeythuei aai i?aaei?eieiaoaeai.
Yoe oiiaeu eniieuecothony o?oaeiaui eieeaeoeaii aeey i?aaeinoaaeaiey
/eaiai eieeaeoeaa nioeeaeueiuo eueaio ii iieaoa o?oaea, ii i?aaein-
oaaeaieth iaoa?eaeueiie iiiiue, no?ieoaeuenoao aeiiia ioaeuoa, aeao-
neeo o/?aaeaeaiee, aeeeuo aeiiia e ae?.
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea aicaeaaeytho eca?aiiua ei i?aaiu. Yoei
i?aaiii yaeyaony iau/ii niaao o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa e eiie oiie-
iiii/aiiue ia aunooieaiea io eiaie eieeaeoeaa i?aai.
3. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa ii?aaea-
eaia a caeiia .
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea iacaaeneii io aai i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie
oi?iu:
– ?aoaao aii?in i iaiaoiaeeiinoe caeeth/aiey n aaeieieno?aoeeae
eieeaeoeaiiai aeiaiai?a, ?anniao?eaaao e ooaa?aeaeaao aai i?iaeo;
– ?anniao?eaaao e ?aoaao aii?inu naiioi?aaeaiey o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa a niioaaonoaee n onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey;
– ii?aaeaeyao ia?a/aiue e ii?yaeie i?aaeinoaaeaiey ?aaioieeai
i?aaei?eyoey nioeeaeueiuo eueaio ec oiiaeia o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa;
– ii?aaeaeyao e ?aaoee?oao oi?iu e oneiaey aeayoaeueiinoe ia
i?aaei?eyoee iieeoe/aneeo ia?oee, ?aeeaeiciuo e ae?oaeo iauano-
aaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee (*1).
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea ainoaea?noaaiiiai eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aae-
i?eyoey, a oaeaea i?aaei?eyoey, a eiouanoaa eioi?iai aeeaae aino-
aea?noaa eee ianoiiai Niaaoa ninoaaeyao aieaa 50%:
– niaianoii n o/?aaeeoaeai i?aaei?eyoey ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey
eiio?aeoa i?e iaeia ?oeiaiaeeoaey;
– i?eieiaao ?aoaiea i auaeaeaiee ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey iae-
iiai eee ianeieueeeo no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee aeey nicaeaiey iiaiai
i?aaei?eyoey.
Eae iu aeaeei, oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa
(a aeaea aicaeaenoaey ia ?aoaiea oicyenoaaiiuo aii?inia) ?acee/ia
aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee e eiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee. Caeiiiaeaoaeue n/eoaao iaiaoiaeeiui i?aaeinoaaeoue aieueoee
iauai eiiiaoaioeee o?oaeiaui eieeaeoeaai ainoaea?noaaiiuo e io-
ieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
(**1) Eiiiaoaioeeth o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa a yoie iaeanoe iaeuecy ioianoe e noa?a oicye-
noaiaaiey. E oiio aea yoa ii?ia i?aeoe/anee ia aeaenoaoao a neeo ?yaea aeoia I?aceaeaioa
?O ii aeaia?oecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa.
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13. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea e?anoueyineeo (oa?ia?neeo) oicyenoa
1. E?anoueyineia (oa?ia?neia) oicyenoai yaeyaony iniaui
noauaeoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, ioee/athueiny oai, /oi iii
aeaenoaoao a noa?a naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa ia aaca
nianoaaiiiai eiouanoaa e caiaeueiiai o/anoea, i?aaeinoaaeyaiiai
nianoaaiieeii-ainoaea?noaii a iieueciaaiea, a oii /enea a?aiaeo,
iiaeeciaiiia ianeaaeoaiia aeaaeaiea. A niioaaonoaee n i?iaiaey-
uaeny ?aoi?iie caiey iiaeao iaoiaeeoueny e a nianoaaiiinoe oaeiai
oicyenoaa.
E?anoueyineia (oa?ia?neia) oicyenoai iiaeao ninoiyoue ec iaeiiai
eee ianeieueeeo /eaiia, a oii /enea ninoaaeyoue naiueth eee a?oiio
eeoe, iauaaeeieaoeony a oaeia oicyenoai. Aeaaie aai yaeyaony iaeei
ec aai aeaaniiniaiuo /eaiia. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea e?anoueyineiai
(oa?ia?neiai) oicyenoaa ii?aaeaeyaony Caeiiii , i?eiyoii 22 iiya?y 1990 aiaea, aeaeno-
aothuei a ?aaeaeoeee io 27 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea (*1), a oaeaea Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?O io 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea (*2), iinoaiiaeaieai
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 29 aeaeaa?y (*3), ii?aaeaeeaoeie ii?yaeie auoiaea ec ninoaaa
eieoicia e niaoicia eo ?aaioieeia n oeaeueth nicaeaiey oa?ia?neeo
oicyenoa.
2. Nicaeaiea e?anoueyineiai (oa?ia?neiai) oicyenoaa iiae/eiaii
iniaui i?aaeeai. I?aai ia aai nicaeaiea e iieo/aiea caiaeueiiai
o/anoea aeey yoeo oeaeae eiaao eaaeaeue aeaaniiniaiue a?aaeaeaiei,
aeinoeaoee 18 eao, eiathuee iiuo ?aaiou a naeueneii oicyenoaa e
naeueneioicyenoaaiioth eaaeeoeeaoeeth eeai i?ioaaeoee niaoeeaeue-
ioth iiaeaioiaeo. I?e iaee/ee ianeieueeeo i?aoaiaeaioia i?aeio-
uanoaaiiia i?aai ia iieo/aiea caiaeueiiai o/anoea eiatho a?aaeaeaia,
i?iaeeaathuea a aeaiiie ianoiinoe (no. 4 Caeiia ). I?aai auai?a i?aoaiaeaioa i?e yoii ia
eiieo?niie iniiaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo aaeieieno?aoeee ?aaeiia, a aaaeaiee
eioi?ie iaoiaeeony caiaeueiue o/anoie. Nii?u i i?aeiouanoaa a
i?aaiecaoeee e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa e i?aaa ia caieth ?anniao?e-
aathony noaeii. Caeii ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey i?aaeinoaaeaiey caiaeueiiai
o/anoea. Ii ia?aaeaaony ia iniiaaiee cayaeaiey a?aaeaeaieia a iie-
ueciaaiea, a oii /enea a a?aiaeo, iiaeeciaiiia ianeaaeoaiia aeaaeaiea
eee nianoaaiiinoue ?aoaieai ?aeiiiie (ai?iaeneie) aaeieieno?aoeee.
N?ie i?aaeinoaaeaiey caiee a a?aiaeo ia aeieaeai i?aauoaoue 5 eao.
(**1) AAN, 1991, ? 1. no. 5.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 1. no. 53.
(**3) NI, 1992, ? 1-2, no. 9.
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Ia?aaea/a a nianoaaiiinoue (n i?aaiii/eyie, ii?aaeaeaiiuie Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?O io 27 ieoya?y 1993 aiaea (*1) i?iecaiaeeony a i?aaeaeao
onoaiiaeaiiuo ii?i aanieaoii, nauoa onoaiiaeaiiuo ii?i – ca
ieaoo.
Ia?aaea/a caiee a a?aiaeo ioi?ieyaony aeiaiai?ii, iiaeeaaeauei
?aaeno?aoeee niioaaonoaothuae aaeieieno?aoeeae. Ia?aaea/a a nianoaai-
iinoue ioi?ieyaony ainoaea?noaaiiui aeoii, oaeinoiaa?ythuei oaeia
i?aai. ?acia? caiaeueiiai o/anoea aeey aaaeaiey e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa
ii?aaeaeyaony a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa Niaaoii ia?iaeiuo aeaio-
oaoia n o/aoii eiee/anoaa /eaiia oicyenoaa, aai niaoeeaeecaoeee,
i?aaeaeueiuo ii?i, onoaiiaeaiiuo a ?anioaeeea, e?aa, iaeanoe.
E?anoueyineia oicyenoai ?aaeno?e?oaony ?aeiiiie (ai?iaeneie)
aaeieieno?aoeeae iinea ioi?ieaiey i?aa ia caieth. Iinea yoiai
iii i?eia?aoaao noaoon th?eaee/aneiai eeoea.
E?anoueyineia oicyenoai iiaeao ia?aciaaoueny e ia iniiaa auaeaeaiey
iay i?e auoiaea ec eieoicia eee niaoicia. A niioaaonoaee n iinoa-
iiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. aeaaeaeaoe auaeaeaiiiai aio eio-
uanoaaiiiai e caiaeueiiai iay aeieaeai iiaeaoue cayaeaiea ai aioo?e-
oicyenoaaiioth eiienneth eieoica eee niaoica ia eniieueciaaiee
naiaai iay aeey i?aaiecaoeee nicaeaiey e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa e iinea
ioi?ieaiey a oeacaiiii ii?yaeea e?anoueyineia oicyenoai ?aaeno?e-
?oaony ianoiie aaeieieno?aoeeae a ea/anoaa th?eaee/aneiai eeoea.
3. Eiouanoai e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo aai /ea-
iai ia i?aaao iauae aeieaaie nianoaaiiinoe, a i?e aaeeiiaeaniii
?aoaiee /eaiia iiaeao ia?aaeaaaoueny a iauoth niaianoioth niano-
aaiiinoue. I?e yoii auoiae iaeiiai ec /eaiia oicyenoaa ia aea/ao
?acaeaea eiouanoaa oicyenoaa. *anoue eiouanoaa (aeeaae, aeiey, iae)
iiaeao eiiiaine?iaaoueny aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie. Ii?yaeie ?acaeaea
e auieaou eiiiainaoeee onoaiaaeeaaaony a oaeii neo/aa ii aca-
eiiie aeiaiai?aiiinoe /eaiia oicyenoaa, a i?e aa ionoonoaee – a
noaeaaiii ii?yaeea.
I?eia?aoaiea eiouanoaa e i?iaeaaea aai e?anoueyineei oicyenoaii
?aaeecoaony naiaiaeii.
I?iaeoeoeey e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa ?aaeecoaony e?anoueyineei
oicyenoaii aia eaeeo-eeai iaycaoaeueiuo caaeaiee ia iniiaaiee
aeiaiai?ia n ethaui i?eia?aoaoaeai ii naiinoiyoaeueii onoaiaaee-
aaaiui oeaiai. I?e yoii e?anoueyineia oicyenoai aeieaeii niaethaeaoue
aeaenoaothuea ii?iaoeau ii ea/anoao i?iaeoeoeee, naieoa?iui o?a-
aiaaieyi e ae?oaei ia?aiao?ai.
Caeii, i?aaaea, aiai?eo ia iaycaiiinoe aini?aaiecaoeee i?eieiaoue
anth i?aaeuyaeaiioth e?anoueyineei oicyenoaii i?iaeoeoeeth, iieueco-
(**1) NAII, 1993, ?44. no. 4191.
!!131
thuothny ni?inii, niioaaonoaothuoth noaiaea?oai ea/anoaa, n iieaoie
ii onoaiiaeaiiui ainoaea?noaaiiui caeoii/iui, aeiaiai?iui e eiui
oeaiai. Iaeiaei oaeea caiene ia niioaaonoaotho ?uii/iui iaoaiec-
iai, e, ii-aeaeeiiio, naeaeaiu a Caeiia (no. 17) a ia?eiae ia/aea aoiaeaeaiey a ?uii/iua
ioiioaiey, a iioiio ia eiatho eaeiai-eeai iaoaiecia ?aaeecaoeee.
Ia i?aeoeea aeaenoaotho ?uii/iua iaoaieciu e eaeeo-eeai aa?aioee
i?eia?aoaiey oaeie i?iaeoeoeee aini?aaiecaoeeyie ia aeaaony, anee
oieueei niaoeeaeueiui aeoii ia onoaiaaeeaathony iaycaoaeueiua aeey
caaioiaeoaeueiuo i?aaiecaoeee ieieiaeueiua caeoii/iua oeaiu.
4. Oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa oa?ae-
oa?ecoaony naiinoiyoaeueiinoueth auai?a iai?aaeaiee naiae aeayoaeue-
iinoe, no?oeoo?u e iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa, enoiaey ec nianoaaiiuo
eioa?ania. Iii iiaeao caieiaoueny ethaui aeaeii aeayoaeueiinoe, ia
cai?auaiiui aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, i?e nio?aiaiee a
ea/anoaa aaaeouaai aeaea aeayoaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa, ia?a?aaioee
?aaeecaoeee naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee (no. 16 Caeiia).
5. I?ae?auaiea aeayoaeueiinoe e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa ianooiaao
a neo/aa, anee ia inoaaony ie iaeiiai /eaia oicyenoaa eee ianeaaeieea,
aeaeathuaai i?iaeieaeaoue aeayoaeueiinoue oicyenoaa, a neo/aa ?aoaiey
/eaiia e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa i i?ae?auaiee aai aeayoaeueiinoe
eee a nayce n aaie?ionoaii oicyenoaa.
Iii iiaeao ianooieoue oaeaea i?e ecuyoee caiaeueiiai o/anoea aeey
ainoaea?noaaiiuo e iauanoaaiiuo ioaeae. Iineaaeiaa aeiioneaaony i?e
oneiaee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai auaeaeaiey ?aaiioeaiiiai caiaeueiiai o/an-
oea, iaono?ienoaa aai aeeeuie e i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie iiiauaieyie
acaiai ecuiaaiuo e aiciauaiey anao oauoeia.
?aoaiea i i?ae?auaiee auiineony ?aeiiiie (ai?iaeneie) aaeie-
ieno?aoeeae.
Eiouanoai e?anoueyineiai oicyenoaa eniieuecoaony ia ?an/aou ii
iieaoa o?oaea, iaiyouo ?aaioieeia, ieaoaaee a athaeaeao, aica?ao nnoae
aaieai, ?an/aou n i?i/eie e?aaeeoi?aie. Inoathuaany eiouanoai e
iieo/aiiua io aai ?aaeecaoeee n?aaenoaa nio?aiythony a ea/anoaa
iauae nianoaaiiinoe eeai aeaeyony. Caiaeueiue o/anoie ?ani?aaeaey-
aony a ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiii iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?O io 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea ? 86.
14. I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee
1. Iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey (oeaoa, oicyenoaa, ioaeaeaiey,
o/anoee, a?eaaaeu e ae?.) i?eciathony noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa, eiaaea iie aeaenoaotho ia iniiaa i?aaiecaoeeiiii-eiouanoaai-
iiai iainiaeaiey e ?aaeecotho naith aeayoaeueiinoue ia aaca aioo?e-
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oicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa, iino?iaiiiai oae, /oi aeinoeaeaiea yooae-
oeaiiai ?acoeueoaoa icia/aao iieo/aiea aeioiaea (i?eauee). Yoa i?e-
aueue (aeioiae) e yaeyaony oeaeueth aeayoaeueiinoe niioaaonoaothuaai iiae-
?acaeaeaiey. Oioy aioo?eoicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue inouanoaeyaony
aieueoae /anoueth aia noa?u oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai iai?ioa e iaiin?aae-
noaaiiiai aeaenoaey ?uii/iiai iaoaiecia (a yoeo noa?ao aeaenoaoao
naii i?aaei?eyoea), iie ieacuaatho aicaeaenoaea ia aioo?eoicyeno-
aaiiua ioiioaiey, ii?aaeaeytho noieiinoiie oa?aeoa? aioo?aiiaai
oic?an/aoa, aai iaoeaeaiiinoue ia auione i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa)
i?eiaieoaeueii e o?aaiaaieyi ?uiea. Aeey ?aaeecaoeee ?uii/iuo
o?aaiaaiee i?aaei?eyoea i?eaaaaao e i?aaiecaoeee aioo?eoicyeno-
aaiiiai ?an/aoa. Oaeay i?aaiecaoeey ceaeaeaony ia eiouanoaaiiii e
i?aaiecaoeeiiiii iainiaeaiee naieo iiae?acaeaeaiee, iaaeaeaiee eo
oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeeae, aeathuae aiciiaeiinoue aaoiiiiii (io-
iineoaeueii aaoiiiiii) ?aaeeciaaoue naie eioa?an, i?eia?aoaoue i?aaa
e iaycaiiinoe, ianoe ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ?acoeueoaou oicyenoaiaaiey.
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue ?an/ao n aai iiaeaeueth aee?aeoeaiiai onoaiia-
eaiey caaeaiey e auiieiaiey aai ia iniiaa eieoeeaoeaiuo aaoiiii-
iuo aeaenoaee iiae?acaeaeaiee inoaeny naaiaeiy aaeeinoaaiiui ianoii
i?eeiaeaiey aeaiiiai iaoiaea oicyenoaiaaiey, iniaaiiinoueth aeayoaeue-
iinoe aeaiiuo noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
2. I?aaiaie noaoon iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey ii?aaeaeyaony
naiei i?aaei?eyoeai ai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo aeoao. Ia?aaiaey
iiae?acaeaeaiey ia oicyenoaaiiue ?an/ao, i?aaei?eyoea ?ac?aaaouaaao
iauaa iieiaeaiea ia oneiaeyo oic?an/aoiie ?aaiou iiae?acaeaeaiee
i?aaei?eyoey e ecaeaao iieiaeaiey i eiie?aoiuo iiae?acaeaeaieyo, a
eioi?uo ii?aaeaeyao eiouanoaaiioth aaco iiae?acaeaeaiey, aai oicye-
noaaiioth eiiiaoaioeeth, oneiaey acaeiiaeaenoaey n i?aaei?eyoeai e
ae?oaeie iiae?acaeaeaieyie, noeioee?iaaiey ca aeinoeaeaiea onoaiia-
eaiiuo iieacaoaeae e i?eiaiaiey ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca ia?ooa-
iea onoaiiaeaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa. A iineaaeiea aiaeu i?aaiecaoeey
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa ai iiiaii no?ieony ia i?eiaiaiee
aeiaiai?iuo ia/ae. Ioiioaiey n oeaoaie, o/anoeaie, a?eaaaeaie ioi?-
ieythony ?ac?aaaouaaaiuie o/anoieeaie aeaiiuo ioiioaiee aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia. Nouanoaoao aeaa oeia aioo?eoicyeno-
aaiiuo ioiioaiee, ioiioaiey i?aaei?eyoee ni naieie iiae?acaeaea-
ieyie e ioiioaiey iiae?acaeaeaiee iaaeaeo niaie. Aeiaiai?u
(iiae?yaeiue, a?aiaeiue iiae?yae) caeeth/athony /aua anaai a ia?aii
oeia ioiioaiee. Iai?eia?, a niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii a?aiaeiiai
iiae?yaea a?aiaeiue eieeaeoea (oeaoa, a?eaaaeu e ae?.) i?eieiaao ia
naay iaycaiiinoue i?iecaanoe e ia?aaeaoue i?aaei?eyoeth eeai ii aai
oeacaieth ?aaeeciaaoue ae?oaei i?aaei?eyoeyi eee a?aaeaeaiai i?aae-
oniio?aiioth a aeiaiai?a i?iaeoeoeeth (?aaiou, oneoae). A?aiaeiue
eieeaeoea ai?aaa ?anii?yaeaoueny ii naiaio oniio?aieth i?iaeoeoeeae
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(?aaioaie, oneoaaie), i?iecaaaeaiiie naa?o iauaia, oeacaiiiai a
aeiaiai?a, anee eiiai ia onoaiiaeaii a aeiaiai?a. I?iecaiaenoaaiiay
i?ia?aiia oi?ie?oaony a?aiaeiui eieeaeoeaii naiinoiyoaeueii n
o/aoii iaycaoaeuenoa, i?eiyouo ii aeiaiai?o. A aeiaiai?a ii?aaeaeythony
?acia?u e ii?yaeie o/anoey iiae?acaeaeaiey a ieaoaaeao i?aaei?eyoey,
a oii /enea ?anoiaeao ia ?acaeoea i?iecaiaenoaa, iaoee e oaoieee,
nioeeaeueiua ioaeaeu. I?aaei?eyoea iiaeao i?aaeinoaaeoue a?aiaeiiio
eieeaeoeao i?aai caeeth/aoue aeiaiai?u io eiaie i?aaei?eyoey. A
onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii neo/ayo iiae?acaeaeaieth iiaeao auoue ioe?uo n/ao a
aaiea.
Acaeiiaeaenoaea iiae?acaeaeaiee iaaeaeo niaie oaeaea iiaoo ioi?-
ieyoueny aeiaiai?aie, anee aeaenoaothuaa ia i?aaei?eyoee iieiaeaiea
i aioo?eoicyenoaaiiii ?an/aoa e iieiaeaiey i noaoona eiie?aoiuo
iiae?acaeaeaiee aeatho ei i?aai caeeth/aoue oaeea aeiaiai?u. A aeiai-
ai?ao i?aaeoniao?eaathony acaeiiua i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe, oneiaey
e n?iee eo auiieiaiey, aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua oeaiu ia ia?aaeaaa-
aioth i?iaeoeoeeth (auiieiyaiua acaeiii ?aaiou e oneoae), ii?yaeie
?an/aoia. Nenoaia ?an/aoia a oaeeo ioiioaieyo i?aaiecoaony aoo-
aaeoa?eae i?aaei?eyoey e iniiauaaaony ia aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo
o/aoiuo iia?aoeeyo. Niioaaonoaothuea ?an/aou iainiaeythony ia
eeoeaauo n/aoao iiae?acaeaeaiee. Iiaeao i?eiaiyoueny /aeiaay nen-
oaia ?an/aoia.
3. Oioy oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey iiae?acaeaeaiey ii?aaeaey-
aony naiei i?aaei?eyoeai, iaeioi?ua enoiaeiua iieiaeaiey iaia/aiu
aeey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia iiae?acaeaeaiee iaiin?aaenoaaiii a caeiia.
A niioaaonoaee ni no. 14 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe onoaiaaeeaaaony, /oi aeey iainiaeaiiuo iiae-
?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey iiaoo ioe?uaaoueny ?an/aoiue e oaeouea
n/aoa a aaiea. Iainiaeaiiuie iiae?acaeaeaieyie neaaeoao n/eoaoue oa
ec ieo, eioi?ua oa??eoi?eaeueii eee oaoiieiae/anee a ninoiyiee
aeaenoaiaaoue naiinoiyoaeueii a ii?aaeaeaiiie noaaeee iauacaaiaeneiai
i?ioeanna, iiaoo ia oieueei ?aaioaoue a ?aaeeia i?aaei?eyoey, ii iae-
iia?aiaiii anooiaoue a ioiioaiey n ae?oaeie i?aaei?eyoeyie, a oii
/enea io naiaai eiaie. Aeey ?aaeecaoeee oaeeo aiaoieo ioiioaiee
i?aaei?eyoea iiaeao ioe?uoue naiaio iainiaeaiiiio iiae?acaeaeaieth
n/ao a aaiea e ii?aaeaeeoue oneiaey aai eniieueciaaiey. Oaeeie
iiae?acaeaeaieyie iiaoo auoue oeeeaeu, o?ainii?oiua oeaoa, oa?iua
oeaoa e o.i. iiae?acaeaeaiey.
Caeiiiaeaoaeue auaeaeyao n?aaee iiae?acaeaeaiee oae iacuaaaiua
no?oeoo?iua iiae?acaeaeaiey. E eo /eneo neaaeoao ioianoe oa, ec
eioi?uo ninoieo naii i?aaei?eyoea : oeaoa, ioaea-
eaiey, i?iecaiaenoaaiiua aaeeieoeu, oicyenoaa. Niune auaeaeaiey
no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee a iniaia iieiaeaiea ninoieo a oii, /oi
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oieueei iie ai?aaa auaeaeyoueny ec ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey ii ?aoaieth
o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa (no. 32-33 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo).
Caeiiiaeaoaeue a Caeiia ie/aai ia aiai?eo i nouanoaiaaiee oaeeo iiae?acaea-
eaiee eae oic?an/aoiua iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey. Iaeiaei, enoiaey
ec iaueo oeacaiee caeiia i i?aaao i?aaei?eyoey naiinoiyoaeueii
ii?aaeaeeoue naith no?oeoo?o, iainiaeyoue naie iiae?acaeaeaiey, aeaao
iniiaaiey auaeaeeoue a ea/anoaa iniauo iiae?acaeaeaiee oic?an/aoiua
iiae?acaeaeaiey, oi anoue iniiauaathuea naith aeayoaeueiinoue ia noaoona
ii?aaeaeaiiie i?aaiecaoeeiiii-eiouanoaaiiie aaoiiiiee e eieoee-
aoeaa a oicyenoaiaaiee i?e auiieiaiee caaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey. Oaeea
iiae?acaeaeaiey, anee iie eiouanoaaiii e i?aaiecaoeeiiii iainia-
eaiu e ?aaioatho ia iniiaa aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa, yaeythony
noauaeoaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Anee o iiae?acaeaeaiee oaeea i?e-
ciaee ionoonoaotho, a eo aeayoaeueiinoue ia naycaia n oic?an/aoii, iie
ia yaeythony noauaeoaie i?aaa. Oaeea i?aaiecaoeeiiiua aioo?eoi-
cyenoaaiiua no?oeoo?u, aeaenoaothuea aia yeiiiie/aneiai iainia-
eaiey, neoaeao eeoue i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oaoie/aneiio iaania/aieth
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e eaaeaeue ?aaioiee oaeie no?oeoo?u
aunooiaao ia?niiaeueii a ioiioaieyo, ?aaoee?oaiuo o?oaeiaui i?a-
aii.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Eae neaaeoao noi?ioee?iaaoue iiiyoea noauaeoa oicyenoaai-
iiai i?aaa? Eaeiau i?eciaee oaeiai noauaeoa?
2. Eae iiaeii inouanoaeoue eeanneoeeaoeeth noauaeoia oicye-
noaaiiiai i?aaa? Ii eaeei iniiaaieyi i?iaiaeeony oaeay eean-
neoeeaoeey?
3. Iaciaeoa e aeaeoa oa?aeoa?enoeeo niiniaia nicaeaiey e
i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?eyoee eae noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa?
4, *oi oaeia i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaay oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey ?
Eaeea aeaeu. i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i onoaiaaeeaaao caeii?
5. Aeaeoa n?aaieoaeueioth oa?aeoa?enoeeo ioaeaeueiouo aeaeia
i?aaei?eyoey e iieaaeeoa iaeaieaa nouanoaaiiua ioee/ey oiaa-
?euanoa e aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa.
6. Eaeiai i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea aaieia? *ai iie ioee/athony?
A /ai ninoiyo iniaaiiiinoe eiouanoaaiiie aacu aaieia e eo
oicyenoaaiiie eiiiaoaioeee?
7. Eaeiai i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea ae?ae e ioaeaeueiuo eo aeaeia?
Oeaaeeoa eo eiouanoaaiioth aaco e oicyenoaaiioth eiiiaoaioeeth.
8. Ii?aaeaeeoa i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oiiaeia, aaaeoueo oicyeno-
aaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue. Eaeeo aeaeia iie iiaoo auoue? A /ai ninoieo
eo oicyenoaaiiay eiiiaoaioeey?
!!135
9. *oi ia?acoao eiouanoaaiioth aaco, eiiiaoaioeeth e noa?o
aeayoaeueiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo ainoaea?noaa?
10. A /ai ninoiyo iniaaiiinoe eiouanoaaiiie aacu, eiiia-
oaioeee e noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe oa??eoi?eaeueiuo iaaciaaiee eae
noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa?
II. Ii?aaeaeeoa i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea e?anoueyineeo (oa?ia?neeo)
oicyenoa.
12. Ia /oi iie?aaony e eae oa?aeoa?ecoaony i?aainoauaeo-
iinoue iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee? Eaeea eo aeaeu neaaeoao ?ac-
ee/aoue?
!!136
Oaia V. I?aai ia eiouanoai noauaeoia
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
1. I?aai nianoaaiiinoe eae iniiaa oicyenoaiaaiey
1. Eiouanoaaiioth iniiao oicyenoaiaaiey! ninoaaeyao i?aai ni-
anoaaiiinoe. Nianoaaiieeo i?eiaaeeaaeao n?aaenoaa i?iecaiaenoaa) ia
aaca eioi?uo inouanoaeyaony i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay aeayoaeueiinoue. Ni-
anoaaiiee i?aaiecoao i?aaei?eyoey, ii?aaeaeytho aai caaea/e, ii?o/aao,
eiaaea ia aeaenoaoao nai, aaaeaiea aeae oiieiiii/aiiiio-i?aaei?eieia-
oaeth, onoaiaaeeaaao a?aieoeu eiouanoaaiiuo i?aa i?aaei?eieiaoaey
a yoeo neo/ayo e ia iniiaaiee aeiaiai?a n iei – aeieth i?eauee,
eioi?oth ii aoaeao iieo/aoue ca eniieueciaaiea ia?aaeaiiiai eiouanoaa.
Nianoaaiieeo i?eiaaeeaaeeo oaeaea i?aai ia i?ae?auaiea i?aaei?eyoey.
Nianoaaiiee iiaeao eniieueciaaoue eiouanoai aeey inouanoaeaiey
ethaie ia cai?auaiiie caeiiii i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe
(no. 2 i. 2 Caeiia i nianoaaiiinoe a ?NON?). Oneiaeai aa aaaeaiey
yaeyaony o?aaiaaiea, ia ia?ooaoue ioaee/iua eioa?anu, io?aiyaiua
caeiiii i?aaa ae?oaeo eeoe.
2. A i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aai nianoaaiiinoe ?a-
aeecoaony ii-?aciiio. Oaeea nianoaaiieee eae ainoaea?noai, aaeie-
ieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey ?aaeecotho aai, naeaaay
eiouanoai, a a?aiaeo, nicaeaaay i?aaei?eyoey, i?aaiecaoeee eee o/?aae-
aeaiey. Ei i?aaeinoaaeyaony i?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey,
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eee iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey. Eiouanoai,
ia ?ani?aaeaeaiiia oaeei ia?acii, n?aaenoaa eaciu ?aaeecothony a
oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa aeanoueth i?aaiia ainoaea?noaa e niioaaonoaaiii
aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiiai ia?aciaaiey aeanoiuie aeoaie
ieaie?iaaiey, ii?aaeaeaiey iai?aaeaiey eiouanoaa e aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa, i?aaiaiai ?aaeeia eniieueciaaiey eiouanoaa (iai?eia?,
onoaiiaeaieai ii?yaeea iieueciaaiey i?e?iaeiuie ?ano?naie).
I?e ia?aaea/a eiouanoaa a iieiia oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea, oi-
cyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea, iia?aoeaiia oi?aaeaiea. ainoaea?noai e noau-
aeou i?aaa ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe nio?aiytho ca niaie ii-
?aaeaeaiiue caeiiii eee aeiaiai?ii iauai iieiiii/ee. Iai?eia?,
ainoaea?noai e aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiia ia?aciaaiea ii?a-
aeaeytho oneiaey e ii?yaeie ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee i?aae-
i?eyoee, ?aoatho aii?inu eo i?ae?auaiey iooai eeeaeaeaoeee e
?ai?aaiecaoeee.
3. I?aai /anoiie nianoaaiiinoe ?aaeecoaony a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a
naiei nianoaaiieeii (a?oiiie nianoaaiieeia). A oiaa?euanoaao e
!!137
aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, oi?aaeaiea eiouanoaii inouanoaeyaony
eeai nia?aieyie ninianoaaiieeia, eeai /a?ac nicaeaiiua eie i?aaiu.
A?aaeaeaia iaiin?aaenoaaiii oi?aaeytho naieie /anoiuie (naiae-
iuie) i?aaei?eyoeyie. Aiaeiae/ii oicyenoaotho e?anoueyia (oa?ia-
?u), eioi?ua ia?yaeo n eniieueciaaieai naiaai eiouanoaa, i?eiaae-
eaaeauaai ei ia i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe, ?aaeecotho i?aai iiaeeciaiiiai
ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey a ioiioaiee caiaeueiiai o/anoea.
Eieoicu, niaoicu, naeueneioicyenoaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey, i?aaie-
caoeee iio?aaeoaeueneie eiiia?aoeee, annioeeaoeee e iauaaeeiaiey ai
iiiaeo neo/ayo aeaenoaotho ia aaca eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaie e eieeae-
oeaii-niaianoiie nianoaaiiinoe. Aeey oaeie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe
oa?aeoa?iui yaeyaony oi?aaeaiea ath /a?ac auai?iua i?aaiu, a
oaeaea i?aai auoiaea ec ninoaaa oicyenoaa n eiouanoaaiiui iaai.
Aeaenoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia eniieuecoao iiiyoey eieeaeoeaiie
nianoaaiiinoe, aeey eioi?ie aue oa?aeoa?ai iaaeaeeiue oa?aeoa?,
oi?aaeaiea eieeaeoeaii e eca?aiiuie ei i?aaiaie. Oaeia i?aaiaia
?aoaiea naycaii n aeaeieeaeoeaecaoeeae naeueneiai oicyenoaa e aai
oa?ia?aoeeae. AEeciue iieaaeao, ianeieueei i?aaiia?ai oaeie iiaeoiae.
N iiceoeee ieth?aeecia oi?i nianoaaiiinoe i/aaeaeii, /oi aeae?aoe-
?oaiia ono?aiaiea iaeiie ec ?ani?ino?aiaiiuo oi?i ia iiaeao neo-
aeeoue ?aaiii?aaeth, aeene?eieie?oao nianoaaiieeia, aeanyoeeaoey ?a-
aioaaoeo ia aaca eieeaeoeaiie oi?iu, i?ioeai?a/eo no. 2 Caeiia
, aa?aioe?iaaaoaai noaaeeueiinoue ioii-
oaiee nianoaaiiinoe, iaania/aiea oneiaee eo ?acaeoey e caueou.
Aaaeaiea oicyenoaa ia aaca anao oi?i nianoaaiiinoe ia eneeth/aao
aiciiaeiinoe ia?aaea/e nianoaaiieeii eiouanoaa i?aaei?eieiaoaeth.
Ai anao oaeeo neo/ayo aicieeaao aii?in i oii, eaeia i?aaiaie
noaoon ia?aaeaaaaiiai eiouanoaa. I?aaei?eieiaoaeue a yoie neooaoeee
?aaeecoao iaeei ec aauiuo einoeoooia: i?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai
aaaeaiey, iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey (*1), oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey (*1), a?ai-
aeu, a?aiaiiiai iieueciaaiey (*3).
2. I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey
1. I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
i?iecaiaeiia io i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe aauiia i?aai, ninoiyuaa a
aiciiaeiinoe aeaaeaiey, iieueciaaiey e ?anii?yaeaiey eiouanoaii,
niaa?oaiee a ioiioaiee iaai ethauo aeaenoaee, ia i?ioeai?a/aueo
caeiio. E i?aao iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey i?eiaiythony i?a-
(**1) No. 5 Caeiia .
(**2) No. 6,7, 15 Caeiia .
(**3) No. 16 Caeiia ). Nianoaaiiee
(ainoaea?noai eee aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiay aaeeieoea) a niio-
aaonoaee n caeiiii inoaaeytho ca niaie ?aaeecaoeeth ?anii?yaeeoaeueiuo
aiciiaeiinoae a aeaea i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?eyoey (no. 37 Caeiia ), aiciiaeiinoe
aai i?eaaoecaoeee. Inoaeueiua iieiiii/ey o?eaaeu ?aaeecoao i?aaei?e-
yoea. Iii iaycaii oiea/eaaoue iaeiae a ainoaea?noaaiiue athaeaeao.
Iaycaiiinoue ia?aaea/e nianoaaiieeo /anoe aeioiaeia a aeaea iaeiaia,
i/aaeaeii, i?aaiia?ii n/eoaoue oaeaea ia?aie/aieai aiciiaeiinoae o
iieo/eaoaai eiouanoai eniieueciaaoue iieiinoueth e ?acoeueoaou aai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie ?aaeecaoeee. I?aaaea, ia yoi iiaeii niio?aoue e eia/a:
n iiceoeee o?aaiaaiey ainoaea?noaii /anoe aeioiaeia aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey
ioaee/iuo eioa?ania ainoaea?noaa e iauanoaa. Ii iacaaeneii io in-
iiaaiee – i?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey a caeiia ia?aie/aii
oieueei yoeie iniiaaieyie. Ioaeii, iaeiaei, eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a
iineaaeiaa a?aiy a aeoao i?aaeoaeuenoaa (*1) i?aaei?eieiathony iiiuoee
nei??aeoe?iaaoue a?aieoeu yoiai i?aaa onoaiiaeaieai oeaeaaiai iacia-
/aiey eiouanoaa i?e ia?aaea/a, iiae/eiaiey aai ?aaeeia onoaaiui
caaea/ai i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiiaeaieai ?yaea ?anii?yaeeoaeueiuo aiciiae-
iinoae oieueei n niaeaney auoanoiyuaai i?aaia. Oaeia iiaecaeiiiia
ii?ie?iaaiea o?oaeii n/eoaoue niioaaonoaothuei caeiio.
I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiaei oe?ieia i?eia-
iaiea a ia?eiae, eiaaea aeaaiie oeao?ie a oicyenoaiaaiee aue o?o-
aeiaie eieeaeoea i?aaei?eyoey, n iieiiii/eyie eioi?iai naycuaaeinue
ii?aaeaeaiea iai?aaeaiee aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey, ?aaeecaoeey
aai eiouanoaaiiuo i?aa a oe?ieii iauaia (*2). A Caeiia ?NON? (NAII, 1994, ? 8, no. 593).
(**2) Ni., iai?eia?: Caeii , i?eiyoue 4 ethiy 1990 a., a
/anoiinoe, no. 10 yoiai Caeiia.
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i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe> aiiaua ia i?aae-
oniao?eaaaony aiciiaeiinoe i?eiaiaiey oaeiai i?aaa. Yoi naycaii
n ia?aoiaeii caeiiiaeaoaey ?O e iiaie eiioeaioeee aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo, onoaiiaeaieth a ea/anoaa
aeaaiie oeao?u oicyenoaiaaiey i?aaei?eieiaoaey.
A niioaaonoaee n yoei caeiiii ainoaea?noaaiiia e ioieoeeiaeueiia
eiouanoai iiaeao ia?aaeaaaoueny ainoaea?noaaiiui e ioieoeeiaeueiui
i?aaei?eyoeyi a oicyenoaaiiia aaaeaiea (*1). Yoi aauiia oicyenoaaiiia
i?aai ia eiouanoai eiaao oaea ae?oaie iauai i?aaiii/ee. O iaai
ae?oaea iniiaaiey onoaiiaeaiey, ae?oaia nioeeaeueiia iacia/aiea e
noa?a i?eiaiaiey. Iiyoiio iaaeeaaeeo ?anniio?aoue aai a ?yaeo iniauo
aauiuo i?aa, i?iecaiaeiuo io i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe.
3. I?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii
1. I?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
i?aai aeaaeaiey, iieueciaaiey e ?anii?yaeaiey eiouanoaii, ia?a-
aeaiiui i?aaei?eyoeth nianoaaiieeii. Iauai ?aaeecaoeee yoie o?eaaeu
i?aaiii/ee onoaiaaeeaaaony aeiaiai?ii. Yoi icia/aao, /oi caeii
ca?aiaa ia ii?aaeaeyao a?aieoe aeaiiiai i?aaa. Aeey eaaeaeiai noauaeoa
oaeiai i?aaa iauai iieiiii/ee eiaeeaeaeoaeece?iaai niaeaoaieai
n nianoaaiieeii. Nianoaaiiee ai?aaa inoaaeoue ca niaie iaoneiaeai-
iue iauai i?aaiii/ee, nio?aieoue aiciiaeiinoue iieueciaaoueny e ?an-
ii?yaeaoueny eiouanoaii, e o. ae. Iiyoiio a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii
neo/aa auynieoue i?aaiaie ?aaeei eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey iiaeii,
iie?aynue ia o/?aaeeoaeueiua aeieoiaiou i?aaei?eyoey, ia aai onoaa.
2. Caeii
aia?aua aaae a i?aaiaie iaeoiae eaoaai?eth
Noauaeoii yoiai i?aaa ii iacuaaao ainoaea?noaaiiua e ioieoeeiaeue-
iua i?aaei?eyoey n oeacaieai, /oi yoi i?aai ia?aaeaaony i?aaei?eyoeth
a eeoea o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa. Ec yoiai a?yae ee iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae
i oii, /oi aeaiiia i?aai a eaeie-oi ia?a i?eiaaeeaaeeo o?oaeiaiio
eieeaeoeao. Nei?aa anaai yoa oi?ioea naycaia n eia?oeeiiii ain-
i?iecaiaeeiie caeanue aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee oai?eae o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa, iauyniyaoae ?aiaa nouiinoue
ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
A nayce n yoei aicieeaao aii?in, eae oa?aeoa?eciaaoue i?aai
i?aaei?eieiaoaey e i?aaei?eyoey a ioiioaiee eiouanoaa, ia?aaeai-
iiai ei /anoiui nianoaaiieeii (nianoaaiieeaie)? Ia iiaeeaaeeo
niiiaieth, /oi iauai i?aaiii/ee ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e
?anii?yaeaieth o i?aaei?eieiaoaey (a niioaaonoaaiii e aicaeaaeya-
(**1) No. 6 e no. 7 Caeiia .
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iiai ei i?aaei?eyoey) ii?aaeaeyaony oaeaea niaeaoaieai n nianoaai-
ieeii. Yoi auoaeaao ec oeacaiee no. 16-20 aeaiiiai Caeiia, aaea
eiouanoaaiiua i?aaa i?aaei?eieiaoaey naycuaathony n aeiaiai?ii e
ooaa?aeaeaaiui nianoaaiieeii onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey. A yoii niunea
nouiinoue aicieeathuaai o i?aaei?eieiaoaey eiouanoaaiiiai i?aaa
ia ia?aaeaiiia eiouanoai ie/ai ia ioee/aaony io i?aaa oicyeno-
aaiiiai aaaeaiey. Iiyoiio anoue ana iniiaaiey iieaaaoue, /oi oaeia
i?aai a ea/anoaa i?iecaiaeiiai io /anoiie nianoaaiiinoe i?eiaaeea-
aeeo e /anoiiio i?aaei?eyoeth, eiaaea nianoaaiiee aaaeao oicyenoaai-
ioth aeayoaeueiinoue ia nai, a n iiiiuueth i?eaea/aiiiai ia aeiaiai?iie
iniiaa i?aaei?eieiaoaey,
Aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee i?aa i?aaei?eieiaoaey a ioiioaiee ia?a-
aeaiiiai aio eiouanoaa neaaeoao iia?aoueny ia oeacaiey no. 3 i. 2
Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoee. A niioaaonoaee n iacaaiiui caeiiii ioii-
oaiey nianoaaiieea e i?aaei?eieiaoaey ii eiouanoao ii?aaeaeythony
eiio?aeoii, a eioi?ii iiaoo auoue i?aaeoniio?aiu ia?aie/aiey i?aa
eniieueciaaiey eiouanoaa e inouanoaeaiey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia aeay-
oaeueiinoe.
Iinea caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?a nianoaaiiee ia ai?aaa aiaoeaaoueny
a aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaei?eyoey ca eneeth/aieai oao neo/aaa, eioi?ua
iaiai?aiu a aeiaiai?a i ia?aaea/a eiouanoaa e caoeene?iaaiu oaeaea
onoaaii i?aaei?eyoey.
4. I?aai iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey eiouanoaii
1. I?aai iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey eiouanoaii i?aaenoaaeyao ni-
aie i?aai aeaaeaiey, iieueciaaiey e ?anii?yaeaiey eiouanoaii, ca-
e?aieaiiui ca ainoaea?noaaiiui eee eiui o/?aaeaeaieai, oeiaine-
?oaiui ca n/ao n?aaenoa nianoaaiieea, a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii,
oeaeyie aeayoaeueiinoe o/?aaeaeaiey, caaeaieyie nianoaaiieea e ia-
cia/aieai eiouanoaa (no. 5 i. 3 Caeiia ).
Nianoaaiieee cae?aieaiiiai ca o/?aaeaeaieai eiouanoaa ai?aaa
ecuyoue yoi eiouanoai o o/?aaeaeaiey eeai ia?a?ani?aaeaeeoue aai
iaaeaeo ae?oaeie nicaeaiiuie ei th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie ii naiaio
oniio?aieth, anee eiia ia onoaiiaeaii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?innee-
neie Oaaea?aoeee e aoiaeyueo a iaa ?anioaeee.
Noauaeoii aeaiiiai i?aaa, eae iu aeaeei, caeii i?eciaao ia
ethaia th?eaee/aneia eeoei, iieo/eaoaa eiouanoai io ainoaea?noaa n
aeaiiui i?aaiaui oeooeii, eae yoi auei ?aiaa, a oieueei athaeaeaoiua
e eiua oeiaine?oaiua ca n/ao n?aaenoa nianoaaiieea o/?aaeaeaiey.
Yoi iiiyoii, oae eae o/?aaeaeaiey oaeiai ?iaea aaaeoo oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue a ea/anoaa iio?aaeoaeae oiaa?ia, ?aaio, oneoa e iioiio
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aeieaeiu aeanoei auaea?aeeaaoue caaeaiiua ia?aiao?u ii ?aaeecaoeee
eiouanoaa. I?aaiii/ey o/?aaeaeaiey no?iai ii?aaeaeaiu ?aieaie e
oeaeyie aeayoaeueiinoe, onoaiiaeaiiuie a iieiaeaiee i aeaiiii o/-
?aaeaeaiee, o?aaiaaieyie niaou, ooaa?aeaeaiiie nianoaaiieeii, aai
caaeaieyie. Ii iauaio i?aaeeo o/?aaeaeaiey ia eiatho i?aaa ?an-
ii?yaeaoueny aeioiaeaie io eiouanoaa (a ii aieueoae /anoe e ia aeieaeiu
eiaoue aeioiaeia).
2. Oai ia iaiaa o/?aaeaeaiey iiaoo n niaeaney nianoaaiieea aanoe
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue n oeaeueth iieo/aiey i?eauee a
neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii. I?e yoii iie i?e-
ia?aoatho i?aai ia naiinoiyoaeueiia ?anii?yaeaiea aeioiaeaie io oaeie
aeayoaeueiinoe e eiouanoaii, i?eia?aoaiiui ca n/ao yoeo aeioiaeia
(no. 5 i. 4 Caeiia ). Iai?eia?, athae-
aeaoiia o/?aaeaeaiea ieacuaaao ieaoiua oneoae ianaeaieth (a oii
/enea e ia?yaeo n aacaiciacaeiui ieacaieai oneoa ii iniiaiiio
i?ioeeth aeayoaeueiinoe). Iieo/aaiua aeioiaeu a niioaaonoaee n aei-
aiai?ii iiaoo iinooiaoue a ?anii?yaeaiea o/?aaeaeaiey e ia?auaoueny
ei ia naie ioaeaeu aia ooaa?aeaeaiiie nianoaaiieeii iniiaiie niaou
aeayoaeueiinoe o/?aaeaeaiey.
5. I?aai a?aiaeaoi?a eae aauiia oicyenoaaiiia i?aai
1. Aeey aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eiouanoai iiaeao
ia?aaeaaaoueny nianoaaiieeii i?aaei?eieiaoaeth ii aeiaiai?o a?aiaeu.
Aicieeathuaa i?aaiioiioaiea yaeyaony iaycaoaeuenoaaiiui e iiae-
/eiaii ii?iai iaycaoaeuenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Iaeiaei a ioiioaieyo
a?aiaeaoi?a ni anaie o?aoueeie eeoeaie iii yaeyaony aauiuie e
caueuaaony eae aauiia i?aai (no. 157 AE ?NON?). Aauiue oa-
?aeoa? i?aaa a?aiaeaoi?a a iineaaeiea aiaeu cia/eoaeueii oneeeeny a
nayce n ?anoe?aieai ia?aaeaaaaiuo nianoaaiieeii a?aiaeaoi?o i?a-
aiii/ee. A niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii a?aiaeaoi? iieo/aao i?aaa
aeaaeaiey, iieueciaaiey e ?anii?yaeaiey iaiyoui eiouanoaii. In-
iiau caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee ia a?aiaea (*1)
iaeneiaeueii oe?iei i?aaenoaaeee i?aaa a?aiaeaoi?a, i?aaei?eyoey,
a iniaaiiinoe aai ?anii?yaeeoaeueiua i?aaiii/ey. Ii eiae i?aai
i?iaeaaaoue, iaiaieaaoue, naeaaaoue a noaa?aiaeo, i?aaeinoaaeyoue aanieaoii
ai a?aiaiiia iieueciaaiea eeai acaeiu iaoa?eaeueiua oeaiiinoe,
aoiaeyuea a ninoaa a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa, i?e oneiaee, anee
(**1) Ni.: Nai?iee Caeiiia NNN?*0 nianoaaiiinoe a NNN?>, Iniiau caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee i caiea; ; ; Iniiau caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee ia a?aiaea. Iieeoecaeao, 1990.
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oaeay ia?aaea/a eiouanoaa ia aeaeea oiaiueoaiey i?iecaiaenoaai-
ii-yeiiiie/aneiai iioaioeeaea a?aiaeiaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey. Nouan-
oaaiiui auei e i?aai aueoia a?aiaeaoi?ii iaiyoiai eiouanoaa
(no. 18, 10 iacaaiiuo Iniia).
A oiaea inouanoaeaiey ?aoi?iu a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee acaeyae
ia a?aiaeo, a iniaaiiinoe ia a?aiaeo i?aaei?eyoee i?aoa?iae ecia-
iaiey. Iauai i?aaiii/ee a?aiaeaoi?a nouanoaaiii noaeai, a /ano-
iinoe oi?acaeiaii ia aoaeouaa i?aai a?aiaeaoi?a ia aueoi a?aiaei-
aaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey iooai aianaiey a?aiaeiie ieaou (no. 19 Caeiia
?NON? ). Aueoi ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioieoeeiaeueiiai
i?aaei?eyoey ai anao neo/ayo inouanoaeyaony iuia ia iniiaa i?e-
aaoecaoeee. A?aiaea ia yaeyaony aieaa oaeei niiniaii i?aia?aciaaiey
oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe.
2. Oai ia iaiaa a?aiaea eae niinia oicyenoaiaaiey nio?aiyao
naia cia/aiea. I?aaei?eyoey, a?aiaeiaaiiua aei anooieaiey a neeo
Caeiia ?NON? , nio?aieee naie i?aaa, a oii /enea e ia aueoi a?ai-
aeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa. Ii oai aeiaiai?ai, aaea ia auee ii?aaeaeaiu
n?iee, aaee/eia aueoia eee ii?yaeie aai aianaiey, oneiaey ooi/-
iythony aeiiieieoaeueiuie niaeaoaieyie n niioaaonoaothueie eiie-
oaoaie ii oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eee ioieoeeiaeueiui eio-
uanoaii. I?e yoii a?aiaeiua i?aaei?eyoey i?aia?acothony a aeoeei-
ia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia (*1).
Oaeiaa neooaoeey n a?aiaeiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie, ?aiaa caeeth/aa-
oeie aeiaiai?u a?aiaeu. Eo a?aiaeiia i?aai ia eiouanoai nio?aiyaony
a i?aaeiai aeaea oae, eae iii auei noi?ioee?iaaii a aeiaiai?ao,
caeeth/aiiuo aei ethey 1991 aiaea.
Caeeth/aaiua iuia aeiaiai?u iie?athony ia ii?iu ae. 10 Iniia
a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e ?anioaeee, no. 15 Ca-
eiia , Oeac
I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 14 ieoya?y 1992 a.
3. *oi yaeyaony oa?aeoa?iui aeey a?aiaeiiai i?aaa e /oi ioee/aao
aai io ae?oaeo aauiuo i?aa?
I?aai aeaaeaiey e iieueciaaiey eiouanoaii o a?aiaeaoi?a onoa-
iaaeeaaaony eae iaiouaieaiay /anoue i?aaiii/ee a?aiaeaoi?a: i?i-
aeoeoeey, ieiaeu e eiua aeioiaeu, iieo/aiiua a?aiaeaoi?ii a ?acoeueoaoa
eniieueciaaiey a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa a niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii,
yaeyaony aai nianoaaiiinoueth. ?anii?yaeeoaeueiua aea aiciiaeiinoe
a?aiaeaoi?a iuia iaaaeeee e iauai eo ii?aaeaeyaony oaia?ue eneeth-
(**1) Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y 1992 a. ? 1230 . – AAN, 1992, ? 43, no. 2429.
!!143
/eoaeueii ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a n a?aiaeiaeaoaeai. A?aiaeaoi? ai?aaa n
niaeaney a?aiaeiaeaoaey naeaaaoue eiouanoai a noaa?aiaeo. Anee ?a/ue
eaeao ia a?aiaea eiouanoaa, i?eiaaeeaaeauaai a?aiaeiaeaoaeth ia i?aaa
/anoiie nianoaaiiinoe, a aeiaiai?a a?aiaeu iiaeao niaea?aeaoueny oneiaea
i aueoia eiouanoaa i?e oneiaee aianaiey iaoneiaeaiiie aeiaiai?ii
aueoiiie oeaiu (no. 87 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa). Yoi
i?aaeei, eae oaea aiai?eeinue, ia aeaenoaoao, anee ?a/ue eaeao i aino-
aea?noaaiiii e ioieoeeiaeueiii eiouanoaa, aaea iinea ethey 1991 a.
aueoi iiaeao inouanoaeyoueny oieueei ia iniiaa caeiiia i i?eaaoe-
caoeee.
Ioee/ea a?aiaeiiai aauiiai i?aaa io ae?oaeo aauiuo i?aa ni-
noieo, oaeei ia?acii, a ioiineoaeueii oceeo ?anii?yaeeoaeueiuo aic-
iiaeiinoyo a?aiaeaoi?a. Iii ioee/aaony io i?aaa iieiiai oicyeno-
aaiiiai aaaeaiey oaeaea oai, /oi iauai iieiiii/ee iineaaeiaai on-
oaiiaeai caeiiii. Oaeaea neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi yoe i?aaa, a ioee/ea
io a?aiaeu, i?aaeinoaaeythony ia ca ieaoo. Yoi ia eneeth/aao aiciiae-
iinoe ia?aaea/e nianoaaiieeo ii?aaeaeaiiie /anoe aeioiaeia, ii yoi
ia ieaoa ca eiouanoai, a oneiaea aai i?aaeinoaaeaiey.
O a?aiaeaoi?a eiaaony ?yae niaoeeoe/aneeo i?aa, i?enoueo oieue-
ei aeiaiai?o a?aiaeu: caeanue iniaui ia?acii ?aaeaiaioe?oaony i?aai
a?aiaeaoi?a ia i?iecaaaeaiiua oeo/oaiey (no. 85 i. 4 Iniia a?aae-
aeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa), ?ani?aaeaeaiu iaycaiiinoe ii ?aiii-
oo eiouanoaa iaaeaeo o/anoieeaie aeiaiai?a, a oi a?aiy eae ia-
?aaea/a eiouanoaa a iieiia oicyenoaaiiia eee oicyenoaaiiia
aaaeaiea icia/aao aeey noauaeoia yoiai i?aaa ianaiea anao iaycai-
iinoae ii anai aeaeai ?aiiioa iieo/aiiiai io nianoaaiieea eio-
uanoaa. A?aiaeiue aeiaiai? iineo n?i/iue oa?aeoa?. I?aai iieiiai
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey e oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey oaeiai oa?ae-
oa?a ia eiatho.
6. I?aai iiaeeciaiiiai ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey
caiaeueiui o/anoeii
1. Yoi aauiia i?aai i?eiaaeeaaeeo e?anoueyineiio (oa?ia?neiio)
oicyenoao eae naiinoiyoaeueii oicyenoaothuaio noauaeoo n i?aaaie
th?eaee/aneiai eeoea a ioiioaiee auaeaeaiiiai aio a iieueciaaiea
caiaeueiiai o/anoea aeey aaaeaiey naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaeno-
aa. O noauaeoa yoiai i?aaa eiathony i?aaiii/ey ii aeaaeaieth, iie-
ueciaaieth e ?anii?yaeaieth caiaeueiui o/anoeii. Iauai aeaiiuo i?a-
aiii/ee ii?aaeaeai a no. 10 Caeiia ?NON? (*1).
(**1) A ?aaeaeoeee io 27 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea.-AAN, 1991 .?1, no. 5.
!!144
I?e ionoonoaee oaeiauo caiaeueiue o/anoie ia?aaeaaony iaeiiio
ec ianeaaeieeia, ecuyaeaoaio aeaeaiea aanoe e?anoueyineia oicyenoai.
I?e iaee/ee ianeieueeeo ianeaaeieeia auai? i?iecaiaeeony ia eii-
eo?niie iniiaa i?aaiii oi?aaeaiey, a aaaeaiee eioi?iai iaoiaeeony
caiaeueiue o/anoie. Nii?u i i?aeiouanoaaiiii i?aaa ianeaaeiaaiey
caiaeueiiai o/anoea ?anniao?eaathony noaeii.
Anee iao ianeaaeieeia, aeaeathueo aanoe e?anoueyineia oicye-
noai, caiaeueiue o/anoie ia?aaeaaony ii ianeaaenoao a ?acia?ao,
onoaiiaeaiiuo aeey aaaeaiey ee/iiai iiaeniaiiai oicyenoaa, eeai
aeey ianeoaeeaaiey aeeeiai aeiia, eeai aeey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai naaei-
aiaenoaa e aeeaioiiaiaenoaa (no. 26 Caeiia ). Iineaaeiaa nianoaaiii icia/aao oaea i?a-
e?auaiea ia oieueei aauiiai oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa a aeaea iiaeec-
iaiiiai ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey, ii e naiiai noauaeoa
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
!!145
7. I?aai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii
1. I?aai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii i?aaenoaaeyao
niaie oaeaea i?iecaiaeiia io i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe (a aiciiaeii e io i?aaa
oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey, iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey) i?aai aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e ?anii-
?yaeaieth cae?aieaiiui ca iei eiouanoaii i?aaei?eyoey. Iii inouan-
oaeyaony a niioaaonoaee n aioo?eoicyenoaaiiui aeiaiai?ii, caaeaieai
i?aaei?eyoey, oeaeyie aeayoaeueiinoe, ii?aaeaeaiiuie a iieiaeaiee i
aeaiiii iiae?acaeaeaiee, i?aaeeaie aaaeaiey oic?an/aoa ia i?aaei?eyoee.
Iniaaiiinoyie yoiai i?aaa yaeyaony oi, /oi aai a?aieoeu ii?aaeaeaiu
aeey ?aaeecaoeee aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa naiei i?aaei?eyoeai. Yoi
i?aai ?aaeecoaony a iiaeaaeythuai aieueoeinoaa ai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo
ioiioaieyo e ia auoiaeeo a noa?o oiaa?iiai iaiaia. Eeoue a oao neo/ayo,
eiaaea ii oneiaeyi aeayoaeueiinoe iainiaeaiiiio iiae?acaeaeaieth i?aae-
i?eyoey ioe?uaaaony n/ao a aaiea, iii iiaeao ?aaeeciaaoue eiouanoai
e iooai aunooieaiey a oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiii iai?ioa. Iai?eia?, oa?iue
oeao iiaeao a niioaaonoaee n oneiaeyie aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa
i?iecaiaeeoue e ?aaeeciauaaoue naiinoiyoaeueii i?iecaiaeeioth oa?o. O?ai-
nii?oiue oeao i?aaei?eyoey iiaeao caieiaoueny a onoaiiaeaiiuo i?aaeaeao
o?ainii?oiui ianeoaeeaaieai eeeaioo?u io naiaai eiaie.
2. Iniiaaieai aicieeiiaaiey i?aaa aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aa-
aeaiey iiaeao auoue aeo iaaeaeaiey iiae?acaeaeaiey niioaaonoaothuei
i?aaii eeai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai?.
Iniiaiuie i?aaiii/eyie a o?eaaea aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aaaea-
iey yaeythony i?aaiii/ey aeaaeaiey e iieueciaaiey. ?anii?yaeeoaeue-
iua aiciiaeiinoe, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua iiae?acaeaeaieth, i?aeoe/anee
eneeth/atho aiciiaeiinoue io/oaeaeaiey eiouanoaa ae?oaei iiae?acaea-
eaieyi eee aiiaua ca i?aaeaeu i?aaei?eyoey, oioy yoi aeiionoeii
(iai?eia?, i?aaeinoaaeaiea i?aaa ?aaeecaoeee iaioaeiuo i?aaei?e-
yoeth i?aaeiaoia iai?oaeiaaiey, eiaaioa?y e ae?oaeo aauae). Iau/ii
?anii?yaeeoaeueiua i?aaiii/ey naycaiu n ia?aaea/ae noaieia, iai?o-
aeiaaiey a ?aiiio, n ia?aiauaieai eo a noa?o aeayoaeueiinoe ae?oaeo
iiae?acaeaeaiee. Ia?aiao?u ?anii?yaeaiey aeieaeiu auoue iaiai?aiu
a niioaaonoaothuai aeoa i?aaei?eyoey e onoie/eai cae?aieaiu ca
iiae?acaeaeaieai.
8. I?aaiaie ?aaeei ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia eiouanoaa
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia
1. I?aaiaie ?aaeei eiouanoaa icia/aao nouanoaiaaiea aioo?e
iniiaiuo i?aaiauo oi?i (nianoaaiiinoe eee i?iecaiaeiuo aauiuo
oicyenoaaiiuo i?aa) iniauo i?aaee ?aaeecaoeee i?aaiii/ee ii
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aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e ?anii?yaeaieth eiouanoaii a oiaea oicye-
noaiaaiey.
I?aaiaie ?aaeei iiaeao onoaiaaeeaaoueny a ioiioaiee ioaeaeueiuo
aeaeia eiouanoaa, auaeaeyaiuo ii yeiiiie/aneei e (eee) th?eaee-
/aneei i?eciaeai. Ii iiaeao onoaiaaeeaaoueny a ioiioaiee oiiaeia,
eiaaea eiouanoai iainiaeyaony e o/eouaaaony ioaeaeueii ii iniaui
i?aaeeai, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeii niaethaeaoue anai oicyenoaothuei noau-
aeoai. I?aaiaie ?aaeei iiaeao eanaoueny oae iacuaaaiuo ?aca?aia
i?aaei?eyoey, oi anoue n?aaenoa, oi?ie?oaiuo a no?aoiauo oeaeyo,
eiaaea caeii o?aaoao eeai aeiioneaao eo nicaeaiea.
I?eiaiaiea i?aaiaiai ?aaeeia eiouanoaa ia neaaeoao aini?eie-
iaoue oieueei n iiceoeee ?anii?yaeeoaeueiuo aiciiaeiinoae noauaeoa.
A oicyenoaiaaiee ii i?iyaeyaony a onoaiiaeaiee iniauo i?aaee
o/aoa aeaiiiai eiouanoaa, ii?yaeea ioianaiey noieiinoe eiouanoaa
ia naaanoieiinoue e ae?.
2. Onoaiiaeaiea i?aaiaiai ?aaeeia ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia eiouanoaa
ainoaea?noaaiiuo, ioieoeeiaeueiuo, /anoiuo i?aaei?eyoee yaeyaony
iauei a oao neooaoeeyo, eiaaea ioaee/iue eioa?an canoaaeyao onoa-
iiaeoue iaeeiaeiaua i?aaeea a oeaeyo: a) nicaeaiey iaeiioeiiiai ?a-
oaiey aii?inia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey; a) oi?ie?iaaiey aaeeiuo einoe-
oooia oicyenoaiaaiey (iai?eia?, iaeeiaeiaiai i?aaiaiai cia/aiey
a ?aoaiee aii?ina ia onoaaiii eaieoaea, oiiaeao e ?aca?aao i?aae-
i?eyoey); a) aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa ia i?aaei?eyoeyo ii
aaeeiui i?aaeeai n oai, /oiau iiaeii auei eiio?iee?iaaoue eniie-
iaiea i?aaei?eyoeai iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae ainoaea?noaii (no. 28 Caeiia
).
N yoeo iiceoeee iu aeieaeiu ?anniio?aoue i?aaiaie ?aaeei eio-
uanoaa, na?oiie?iaaiiiai ii yeiiiie/aneei e th?eaee/anee i?ecia-
eai aeey anao i?aaei?eyoee iacaaeneii io eo oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe
e i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu, auaeaeyy oai ia iaiaa iniaai-
iinoe i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey oai, aaea iie ano?a/athony.
3. Iniiaiua e iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa ?acee/athony i?aaeaea anaai
ii niiniao ia?aianaiey naiae noieiinoe ia i?iaeoeoeeth (a iaeiii
i?iecaiaenoaaiiii oeeeea eee ii /anoyi). Yoio yeiiiie/aneee e?e-
oa?e nei??aeoe?iaai a Iieiaeaiee i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/ao-
iinoe (*1) ei niia?aaeaieyi oaeianoaa o/aoa. A ninoaa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa-
ioianaiu i?aaeiaou, neoaeauea iaiaa aiaea, noieiinoueth a i?aaeaeao
500 oun. ?oa, a oaeaea iaeioi?ua ae?oaea i?aaeiaou (ni. i. 46 Iie-
iaeaiey).
Iniiaiua n?aaenoaa (caeaiey, nii?oaeaiey, iaoeiu, iai?oaeiaaiea
eae?oaea n?aaenoaa o?oaea) io?aaeathony a aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io-
(**1) Ooaa?aeaeaii i?eeacii Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?O io 20 ia?oa 1992 a. – AIA,
1992. ? 6.
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/aoiinoe ii ia?aiia/aeueiie noieiinoe, oi anoue ii oaeoe/aneei
cao?aoai ia eo i?eia?aoaiea, ecaioiaeaiea e no?ieoaeuenoai. I?e
?aaeecaoeee eee eiii auauoee iniiaiuo n?aaenoa aeioiae eee oauoie
ii oaeei iia?aoeeyi ioiineony ia ?acoeueoaou oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey (i?eaueue eee oauoee).
I?aaiaia cia/aiea ioianaiey n?aaenoa i?iecaiaenoaa e iniiaiui
ninoieo a oii, /oi iie iiaaoatho naith noieiinoue e ia?aiinyo aa ia
i?iaeoeoeeth ii ooaa?aeaeaiiui aeey anao i?aaei?eyoee aaeeiui aii?-
oecaoeeiiiui ii?iai, ca eneeth/aieai onoaiaaeeaaaiuo ii iniaui
i?aaeeai ii?i oae iacuaaaiie onei?aiiie aii?oecaoeee.
A ninoaaa eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey ia?yaeo n iniiaiuie n?aaenoaaie
e a ioee/ea io iai?ioiuo eiathony oaeaea oae iacuaaaiua iaiaoa-
?eaeueiua aeoeau: i?aaa iieueciaaiey caieae, aiaeie, ae?oaeie i?e-
?iaeiuie ?ano?naie, iauaeoaie i?iiuoeaiiie e eioaeeaeooaeueiie
nianoaaiiinoe.
Iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau io?aaeathony a o/aoa e io/aoiinoe a
noiia cao?ao ia i?eia?aoaiea e ?anoiaeia ii eo aeiaaaeaieth aei
ninoiyiey, a eioi?ii iie i?eaiaeiu e eniieueciaaieth a caieaie?i-
aaiiuo oeaeyo. Iie ia?aiinyo naith ia?aiia/aeueioth noieiinoue ia
i?iaeoeoeeth ii ii?iai, ii?aaeaeyaiui ia i?aaei?eyoee, enoiaey ec
onoaiiaeaiiiai n?iea eo eniieueciaaiey. Ii oai aeoeaai, aaea ia-
aiciiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue oaeie n?ie, ii?iu eciina onoaiaaeeaathony a
?an/aoa ia 10 eao, ii ia aieaa n?iea aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey
(i. 49 Iieiaeaiey i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa).
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa (nu?uea, iaoa?eaeu, oiieeai e ae?oaea i?aae-
iaou o?oaea) io?aaeathony a aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/aoiinoe ii eo
oaeoe/aneie naaanoieiinoe, a ninoaaa eioi?ie o/eouaathony cao?aou
ia eo i?eia?aoaiea, aeeth/ay iaoeaiee, eiienneiiiia aiciaa?aaeaea-
iea, oaiiaeaiiua iioeeiu, ?anoiaeu ia o?ainii?oe?iaeo, o?aiaiea
e o. i.
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa a niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai i ninoaaa
cao?ao ii i?iecaiaenoao e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa),
aeeth/aaiuo a naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa), e i ii?yaeea
oi?ie?iaaiey oeiainiauo ?acoeueoaoia, o/eouaaaiuo i?e iaei-
aiiaeiaeaiee i?eauee, ooaa?aeaeaiiui iinoaiiaeaieai I?aae-
oaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee 5 aaaonoa 1992 a. (*1), eaaeeoeoee-
?othony eae
ia i?iaeoeoeeth ii iauaio i?aaeeo a iaeiii i?iecaiaenoaaiiii
oeeeea. N?aaenoaa o?oaea, ca/eneaiiua a ninoaa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa,
nienuaathony ia naaanoieiinoue a niioaaonoaee n i?aaeeaie i. 47
Iieiaeaiey i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa a n?iee, oeacaiiua a aeaiiii
ioieoa.
(**1) NAII. 1992. ?9, no. 602.
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A Iieiaeaiee i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa a eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey
auaeaeythony oaeaea aioiaay i?iaeoeoeey e oiaa?u, iacaaa?oaiiia
i?iecaiaenoai. Eo i?aaiaie ?aaeei oa?aeoa?ecoaony iniauie i?aae-
eaie aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa. Enoiaey ec aeaiiuo o/aoa ?aaeecaoeee
oiaa?ia, oi?ie?oaony, a /anoiinoe, aaee/eia iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue. Ii iacaaa?oaiiiio i?iecaiaenoao ?anoiaeu, i?iecaaaeai-
iua a io/aoiii ia?eiaea, ii ioiinyueany e neaaeothuei io/aoiui
ia?eiaeai, iiaeeaaeao ioianaieth ia ecaea?aeee i?iecaiaenoaa eee ia-
?auaiey a oa/aiea n?iea, e eioi?iio iie ioiinyony.
4. N?aaee oiiaeia e ?aca?aia i?aaei?eyoey i?aaeaea anaai aeieaeai
auoue auaeaeai onoaaiue eaieoae (ni. no. 10 Caeiia , ?acae. VII Iieiaeaiey
aeaiaaeiii au?aaeaiee) o/anoieeia (nianoaaiieeia) a eiouanoai i?e
nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey aeey iaania/aiey aai aeayoaeueiinoe a ?acia?ao,
ii?aaeaeaiiuo o/?aaeeoaeueiuie aeieoiaioaie (i. 57 Iieiaeaiey i
aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa). A ea/anoaa eiouanoaaiiiai yoio oiiae aeieaeai
auoue nicaeai i?e nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey. Aeey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia i?aae-
i?eyoee caeiiiaeaoaeue onoaiaaeeaaao ii?aaeaeaiiua ?acia?u e ii-
?yaeie nicaeaiey onoaaiiai eaieoaea. Oae, onoaaiue eaieoae eii-
ia?/aneiai aaiea aeieaeai oi?ie?iaaoueny ec n?aaenoa ia iaiaa o?ao
o/anoieeia e auoue ia iaiaa onoaiiaeaiiie aaee/eiu. Ia oiaa?iie
ae?aea aeiey eaaeaeiai o/?aaeeoaey eee /eaia ae?aee a aa onoaaiii
eaieoaea ia iiaeao i?aauoaoue aeanyoe i?ioeaioia.
A aeoeeiia?iii iauanoaa onoaaiue eaieoae a iiiaio o/?aae-
aeaiey iauanoaa aeieaeai ninoiyoue ec iaiai?aiiiai /enea iaueii-
aaiiuo aeoeee, e?aoiiai aeanyoe n iaeeiaeiaie iiieiaeueiie noie-
iinoueth. Onoaaiue eaieoae ia iiaeao auoue ieaea ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeey
cae?uoiai e ioe?uoiai iauanoaa ?acia?ia.A oa/aiea 30 aeiae iinea
?aaeno?aoeee iauanoaa ia iaiaa 50 i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai eaieoaea
aeieaeii auoue iiea/aii. A oa/aiea ia?aiai aiaea aeayoaeueiinoe aeieaeia
auoue iiea/aia aoi?ay aai iieiaeia. Ioeoeeaeueiia naeaeaoaeuenoai
i ?aaeno?aoeee (acaiai a?aiaiiiai) auaeaaony iinea iieaou 50
i?ioeaioia eaieoaea.
Onoaaiue eaieoae a oiaa?euanoaao oa?aeoa?ecoao i?aaeaeu io-
aaonoaaiiinoe nianoaaiii oiaa?euanoaa e aai /eaiia (iai?eia?,
a iieiii ana oiaa?eue ianoo iaia?aie/aiioth nieeaea?ioth ioaao-
noaaiiinoue ii iaycaoaeuenoaai oiaa?euanoaa anai naiei eiouano-
aii). A niaoaiiii oiaa?euanoaa e a oiaa?euanoaa n ia?aie/aiiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoueth aeey o/anoieeia-aeeaae/eeia e /eaiia oiaa?euan-
oaa n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth aeiey aeeaaea a onoaaiue
eaieoae ii?aaeaeyao ?acia? eo ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii aeieaai oiaa?e-
uanoaa.
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Ianiiiaiii, /oi onoaaiue eaieoae a ia?eiae nicaeaiey i?aaei?e-
yoey niioaaonoaothuae i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu i?aaenoaa-
eyao ?aaeueiue eiouanoaaiiue oiiae. A ia?eiae aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoey ?acia? iaee/iuo eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia iiaeao ia niaia-
aeaoue n niioaaonoaothuae aaee/eiie onoaaiiai oiiaea, anee eiia ia
i?aaeoniio?aii i?yiui oeacaieai caeiia.
Onoaaiue eaieoae a ?yaea neo/aaa yaeyaony enoiaeiie aaee/eiie
aeey ii?aaeaeaiey eiuo eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia. Oae aeey eiiia?/an-
eeo aaieia Aaie ?innee onoaiaaeeaaao i?aaeaeueiia niioiioaiea
iaaeaeo ?acia?ii onoaaiiai eaieoaea aaiea e noiiie aai aeoeaia n
o/aoii ioeaiee ?enea (no. 24 Caeiia ). A aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao ?aca?aiue oiiae oi?-
ie?oaony a ?acia?a ia iaiaa 10 i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai eaieoaea (i. 81
Iieiaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iue iauanoaao). .
5. ?aca?aiue oiiae nicaeaaony aeey iie?uoey iai?aaeaeaeaiiuo ii-
oa?ue e oauoeia. A iaycaoaeueiii ii?yaeea ii nicaeaaony a neo/ayo,
i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii. Oaeia ?aca?aiue oiiae aeoeeiia?-
iuo iauanoa, eioi?ue aeieaeai ninoaaeyoue ia iaiaa 10 i?ioeaioia
onoaaiiai eaieoaea. Ii?yaeie aai oi?ie?iaaiey e eniieueciaaiey
ii?aaeaeyaony onoaaii, a io/eneaiey – nia?aieai aeoeeiia?ia. Ni-
caeaiea ?aca?aiiai oiiaea aeieaeii iai?aiaiii i?aaeoniao?eaaoueny
onoaaii aaiea (no. 9 Caeiia ). Eiiaaea caeii ii?aaeaeyao ia oieueei ieieiaeueiue ?acia?
?aca?aiiai oiiaea, ii e ii?yaeie aai oi?ie?iaaiey.
6. I?aaei?eyoey iiaoo nicaeaaaoue oaeaea ?aca?au ia i?aaenoiyuoth
iieaoo ioioneia, auieaoo aaeaiany/iiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey ca auneoao
eao, ?anoiaeia ia ?aiiio iniiaiuo n?aaenoa e ae?oaea oeaee. I?aaiaie
?aaeei oaeiai ?iaea ?aca?aia caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi a neo/aa eo
nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoea ai?aaa nienuaaoue cao?aou ia naaanoieiinoue
i?iaeoeoeee, enoiaey ec ii?iaoeaia, io/eneaiee a oaeea oiiaeu, oo-
aa?aeaeaaiuo a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea naieie i?aaei?eyoeyie (*1).
Anee aea oaeeo oiiaeia ia ia?acoaony, oi cao?aou, iai?eia?, ia
?aiiio iniiaiuo oiiaeia aeeth/athony a naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee
(?aaio, oneoa) ii niioaaonoaothuei yeaiaioai cao?ao (iaoa?eaeueiui
cao?aoai, cao?aoai ia iieaoo o?oaea e ae?.).
7. I?aaei?eyoea iiaeao nicaeaaaoue ?aca?au niiieoaeueiuo aeieaia
ii ?an/aoai n ae?oaeie i?aaei?eyoeyie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, a oaeaea io-
aeaeueiuie eeoeaie n ioianaieai noii ?aca?aia ia ?acoeueoaou oicye-
noaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (oi anoue i?eaueue eee oauoie i?aaei?eyoey).
Niiieoaeueiui aeieaii i?eciaaony aeaaeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue i?aae-
i?eyoey, eioi?ay ia iiaaoaia a n?iee, onoaiiaeaiiua aeiaiai?aie,
e ia iaania/aia niioaaonoaothueie aa?aioeyie. ?aca?a niiieoaeueiuo
(**1) Ni., a /anoiinoe, i. 10 Iieiaeaiey io 5 aaaonoa 1992 a.
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aeieaia nicaeaaony ia iniiaa ?acoeueoaoia i?iaaaeaiiie a eiioea io/aoiiai
aiaea eiaaioa?ecaoeee aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
Aaee/eia ?aca?aa ii?aaeaeyaony ioaeaeueii ii eaaeaeiio niiieoaeue-
iiio aeieao a caaeneiinoe io oeiainiaua ninoiyiey (ieaoaaeanii-
niaiinoe) aeieaeieea e ioeaiee aa?iyoiinoe iiaaoaiey aeieaa iie-
iinoueth eee /anoe/ii. Anee aei eiioea aiaea, neaaeothuaai ca aiaeii
nicaeaiey ?aca?aa niiieoaeueiuo aeieaia, yoio ?aca?a a eaeie-eeai
/anoe ia aoaeao eniieueciaai, oi iaec?anoiaeiaaiiua noiiu i?eni-
aaeeiythony e i?eauee niioaaonoaothuaai aiaea (*1).
8. I?aaiaie ?aaeei i?eauee i?aaei?eyoey oa?aeoa?ecoaony neiae-
iui ?aaoee?iaaieai. Iii aeeth/aao a naay: a) iiiyoea i?eauee,
ii?yaeie e iaoiaeu aa ii?aaeaeaiey; a) iaycaoaeuenoaa i?aaei?eyoey ii
oieaoa iaeiaia ec i?eauee; a) ioianaiea noii ioaaonoaaiiinoe
ia?aae ainoaea?noaii e eiio?aaaioaie ia i?eaueue i?aaei?eyoey a
onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea.
Eiia/iue oeiainiaue ?acoeueoao – i?eaueue (a a niioaaonoao-
thueo neo/ayo e oauoee) i?aaei?eyoey neaaaaony ec aeioiaeia io
?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa), iniiaiuo n?aaenoa e eiiai
eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey, a oaeaea io eiuo aia?aaeecaoeeiiiuo iia-
?aoeee, oiaiueoaiiuo ia noiio ?anoiaeia ii iei.
I?eaueue i?aaei?eyoey iiaeii n/eoaoue eiouanoaaiiui oiiaeii
iniaiai ?iaea. Aeey iaai oa?aeoa?ii oi, /oi yoi anaaaea aeaiaaeiua
n?aaenoaa, ia?aciaaiiua eae eoia iiiaiieaiiaie ?aaiou i?aaei?eyoey.
I?ioeann ia?aciaaiey i?eauee i?aaenoaaeyao niaie neiaeioth yeiii-
ie/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue, i?iaiaeyuothny a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie eiiu-
thieoo?u e iinoiyiiiai aicaeaenoaey i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey a
oeaeyo io?aiu ioaee/iiai eioa?ana aeey iieo/aiey io i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeae /anoe iieo/aiiiai eie aeioiaea. A ?aciua ia?eiaeu ?acaeoey
iaoaai iauanoaa i?eaueue ea?aea ?acioth ?ieue. A oneiaeyo aaeie-
ieno?aoeaiiai-eiiaiaeiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey yeiiiieee i?eiaiyeenue
niiniau ecuyoey aeioiaea o i?iecaiaeeoaeae a i?aaeaeueii aeanoeii
aa?eaioa, eiaaea i?aaei?eyoeth ia inoaaeyeinue ieeaeie naiinoiyoaeue-
iinoe a ?anii?yaeaiee aeioiaeaie e ana oeiaine?iaaiea aai aeayoaeue-
iinoe inouanoaeyeinue eneeth/eoaeueii aee?aeoeaiui ia?acii. A ee-
aa?aeece?iaaiiie ?aoi?iie 1965 a. iiaeaee yeiiiieee auea oneeaia
?ieue i?eauee, eae oaeoi?a ?aaiou i?aaei?eyoey, aicaeaenoaothuaai
ia iiauoaiea caeioa?aniaaiiinoe a ?aaioa. A yoio ia?eiae a?aiaie
i?aaei?eyoea iieo/eei cia/eoaeueiua i?aaa a ?anii?yaeaiee oeiai-
niauie ?acoeueoaoaie naiae aeayoaeueiinoe e caeiiiaeaoaeai aue nicaeai
?aaeei, ii?aaeaeythuee aiciiaeiinoe i?aaei?eyoey, iinea aianaiey
onoaiiaeaiiuo ieaoaaeae a ainoaea?noaaiiue athaeaeao, e ii ae?oaei
iai?aaeaieyi naiinoiyoaeueii ieaie?iaaoue ?aaeecaoeeth iieo/aiiuo
(**1) I. 59-60 Iieiaeaiey i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/aoiinoe io 20 ia?oa 1992 a.
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oeiainiauo ?ano?nia n o/aoii neiaeiie nenoaiu iiiu?eoaeueiuo
oiiaeia, ?aieaie eioi?uo auea ia?aie/aia yoa naiinoiyoaeueiinoue (*1).
A oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi e iaeiaiaui oi?-
iai ecuyoey i?eauee (aeioiaea) o i?aaei?eyoee ioaee/iue eioa?an
ainoaea?noaa e oeiainiaui ?acoeueoaoai i?aaei?eyoey i?eia?ae oi?-
iu, eneeth/athuea aeae?aoe?iaaiea aeey i?aaei?eyoee ii?yaeea ?an-
ii?yaeaiey eie naiae i?eaueueth. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea aa ?aaeeia
nin?aaeioi/eaaaony iuia ia iaania/aiee aaeeiiia?aciiai, a niioaao-
noaee n caeiiii i?eiaiaiee ?aaoee?iaaiey, i?eaiaeyuaai a eoiaa
e i?eauee, inoathuaeny a iieiii ?anii?yaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey. Aei
yoiai iiiaioa i?aai o?aaiaaiey io i?aaei?eyoey onoaiiaeaiiie
caeiiii /anoe aeioiaeia eiatho ainoaea?noai e aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa?-
?eoi?eaeueiua aaeeieoeu a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii ?inneeneie Oaaea-
?aoeee
Iaeiaei aeey oiai, /oiau ia?aeoe e iaeiaiaiio ?aaoee?iaaieth i?e-
auee, iaiaoiaeeii ii?aaeaeeoue ii?yaeie e iaoiaeu aa ii?aaeaeaiey. Aeaei
a oii, /oi naia ?aaeecaoeey i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa) iiaeao ii?aaea-
eyoueny ii-?aciiio: eeai ii ia?a iieaou (i?e aaciaee/iuo ?an/aoao –
ii ia?a iinooieaiey n?aaenoa ia n/aoa a o/?aaeaeaiey aaieia, a i?e
?an/aoao iaee/iuie aeaiueaaie – ii iinooieaiee n?aaenoa a eanno),
eeai ii ia?a ioa?ocee oiaa?ia (auiieiaiey ?aaio, ieacaiey oneoa) e
i?aaeuyaeaiey iieoiaoaeth (caeac/eeo) ?an/aoiuo aeieoiaioia.
Iaoiae ii?aaeaeaiey au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio,
oneoa) onoaiaaeeaaaony i?aaei?eyoeai ia aeeeoaeueiue n?ie, enoiaey
ec oneiaee oicyenoaiaaiey e caeeth/aaiuo aeiaiai?ia (*3).
Iinea au/aoa ec aaeiaie i?eauee noii a niioaaonoaee nino. no.2
Caeiia ?O (*4)
inouanoaeyaony ii onoaiiaeaiiui ii?iai aa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea. Iin-
eaaeiaa inouanoaeyaony n i?eiaiaieai oeacaiiuo a caeiia eueaio ii
iaeiao (*5) e i?aaee ia oiaiueoaiee a oeaeyo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey noii
aeioiaeia, iaeaaaaiuo ii ae?oaei iniiaaieyi (*6).
Ii ?aciiio i?iecaiaeeony ioianaiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey
ia?aae ainoaea?noaii e ia?aae eiio?aaaioaie ii aeiaiai?ai. Ioaaono-
aaiiinoue ia?aae eiio?aaaioaie ii aeiaiai?ai ia?auaaony ia i?eaueue
ia?aae oaea?aeaieai iaeiaa ia i?eaueue. Noiiu, aianaiiua a athaeaeao
a aeaea naieoeee ca ia?ooaiea iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae ainoaea?noaii,
(**1) Ni. i. 24 iinoaiiaeaiey OeE EINN e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 4 ieoya?y
1965 a. ? 729 . – NI, 1965, ? 19-20, no. 153.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? II, no. 527.
(**3) I. 13 Iieiaeaiey io 5 aaaonoa 1992 a.
(**4) AAN, 1992,? II. no. 525.
(**5) No. 7 iacaaiiiai Caeiia.
(**6) No. 2 i. 9 aeaiiiai Caeiia, a oaeaea no. 10 yoiai Caeiia.
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ioiinyony ia i?eaueue, inoathuothny a ?anii?yaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey (*1).
E eeoue iaeioi?ua ec ianoiuo iaeiaia (iai?eia?, nai? ca ioe?uoea
eai?iiai aeciana, no?ieoaeuenoai iauaeoia i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iacia-
/aiey a eo?i?oiie ciia e ae?.) oiea/eaathony i?aaei?eyoeyie ec
i?eauee, inoathuaeny iinea oieaou iaeiaa ia i?eaueue (*2).
*oi eanaaony oaeie io?eoeaoaeueiie eiouanoaaiiie eaoaai?ee,
eae oauoee i?aaei?eyoey, oi eo iaee/ea icia/aao ionoonoaea i?eauee
e ono?aiaiea aa eae iauaeoa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey. Iie iiaoo i?iya-
eyoueny oaeaea a i?einoaiiaeaiee oaeoueo ieaoaaeae i?aaei?eyoey e
yaeyoueny aiaoiei i?eciaeii aai ianinoiyoaeueiinoe (aaie?ionoaa) (*3).
9. I?aaiaie ?aaeei i?eauee, inoathuaeny a iieiii ?anii?y-
aeaiee i?aaei?eyoey, eacaeinue au, iiaeii auei ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue
eiaiii n oi/ee c?aiey aiciiaeiinoe i?aaei?eyoey ?aaeeciaaoue yoe
n?aaenoaa ii naiaio oniio?aieth aac eaeeo-eeai ia?aie/aiee.
Iaeiaei, oioy a niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 15
iiya?y 1991 aiaea
/oi aeey i?aaei?eyoee ioiaiaiu ia?aie/aiey a ioiioaiee yoeo
n?aaenoa, ii i?e yoii aiai?eony, /oi i?aaei?eyoey naiinoiyoaeueii
iai?aaeytho n?aaenoaa ia iio?aaeaiea a i?aaeaeao ca?aaioaiiuo
n?aaenoa. Ii?aaeaeaiea oiai, /oi aoiaeeo a ninoaa ca?aaioaiiuo n?aaenoa
e /oi ioiineony e n?aaenoaai, iai?aaeyaiui ia iio?aaeaiea, noaei
i?aaeiaoii ?aaoee?iaaiey Eino?oeoeee Aineiinoaoa ?innee io 13
ieoya?y 1992 a. ? 63/124, niaeaniaaiiie n Ieiyeiiiieee ?O.
Ieio?oaea ?O e Oeaio?aeueiui Aaieii ?innee (*5), a oaeaea ienueia
Aaiea ?innee io 6 ai?aey 1993 aiaea ? 17 (*5).
Eae iiaeii iiiyoue ec ienueia Oeaio?aeueiiai aaiea ?innee, ca?a-
aioaiiuie n/eoathony oieueei n?aaenoaa, iieo/aiiua io ?aaeecaoeee
i?iaeoeoeee, i?iecaaaeaiiuo ?aaio, ieacaiiuo oneoa. A /anoiinoe, a
ienueia oeacuaaaony, /oi ia iio?aaeaiea ia iiaoo auoue iai?aaeaiu
oaeea n?aaenoaa eae a?aiaeiay ieaoa, au?o/ea io i?iaeaaee iniiaiuo
oiiaeia, aii?oecaoeeiiiua io/eneaiey, n?aaenoaa oeaeaauo e?aaeeoia.
Yoe oeacaiey aanueia niiieoaeueiu n oi/ee c?aiey eo iaoiaeiei-
ae/aneeo iiceoeee. A?yae ee iiaeii n/eoaoue iaca?aaioaiiuie n?aaenoaa
(**1) Ni. i. 9 Eino?oeoeee Ainoaea?noaaiiie iaeiaiaie neoaeau io 6 ia?oa 1992 a. . – Nai?iee
(**2) Ni.: no. 21 Caeiia
(**3) Ni.: no. 1 Caeiia ?O . – AAN,
1993. ?1, no.6.
(**4) AAN, 1991, ?47, no. 1609.
(**5) YeAE. 1992, iiya?ue.
(**6) AeA, 1993, ? 20.
!!153
io ?aaeecaoeee iniiaiuo oiiaeia, i?eia?aoaiiuo ca n/ao i?ioeiai
o?oaea. Oi aea ioiineony e e a?aiaeiie ieaoa. Oai ia iaiaa a ienueia
?aaeaiaioe?iaaia i?ioeaaeo?a e oaoieea aeieoiaioaeueiiai ioi?iea-
iey iai?aaeaiey n?aaenoa ia iio?aaeaiea. A noaoenoe/aneie io/ao-
iinoe, aaaaeaiiie Eino?oeoeeae io 13 ieoya?y 1992 a., ?aaeaiaioe-
?iaai ninoaa n?aaenoa, iai?aaeyaiuo ia iio?aaeaiea. I?e onoaiia-
eaiee ?anoiaeaeaiee iaaeaeo aeaiiuie ni?aaie, ninoaaeaiiuo ia
iniiaaiee ia?ae/iiai aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa, e aeaiiuie noaoenoe-
/aneie e aooaaeoa?neie io/aoiinoe e ia?aiieo/aiee n?aaenoa ia
iio?aaeaiea o/?aaeaeaiea aaiea iaycaii i?einoaiiaeoue auaea/o
n?aaenoa ia oeacaiiua oeaee aei aiciauaiey ia?aiieo/aiiie noiiu.
Ana aaiee iaycaiu eiio?iee?iaaoue yoe i?ioeannu.
10. Aeey iaeioi?uo aeaeia eiouanoaa caeiiiaeaoaeue onoaiaaeeaaao
i?aaiaie ?aaeei, enoiaey ec iniaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey i?aaiaiai iie-
iaeaiey iaeioi?uo aeaeia i?aaei?eyoee. Oae, aeey iaeuo i?aaei?eyoee
i?aaeoniao?eaaaony iniaue ?aaeei iniiaiuo oiiaeia. Iaeua i?aae-
i?eyoey a ia?aue aiae yenieoaoaoeee iiaoo nienuaaoue aeiiieieoaeueii
eaeaii?oecaoeeiiiuaio/eneaieyaei 50% ia?aiia/aeueiie noieiinoe
iniiaiuo oiiaeia ni n?ieii neoaeau nauoa o?ao eao, a oaeaea i?i-
ecaiaeeoue onei?aiioth aii?oecaoeeth aeoeaiie /anoe i?iecaiaenoaai-
iuo oiiaeia (*1).
Aeoeaioth /anoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia ninoaaeytho iaoeiu,
iai?oaeiaaiea e o?ainii?oiua n?aaenoaa. Eiaiii e yoiio eiouanoao
ioiineony aiciiaeiinoue onei?aiiie aii?oecaoeee.
9. Iaaauanoaaiiue ninoaa eiouanoaa. O?aaiaaiey e aeieae
1. A ninoaa eiouanoaa oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa a ea/anoaa aai
iniaie
au?aaeaiee noiiu, i?aaenoiyuea e iieo/aieth a niioaaonoaee n aei-
aiai?ii, a oaeaea iiaeeaaeauea oieaoa e?aaeeoi?ai. O yoiaie iouanoaa
eiaaony oa iniaaiiinoue, /oi iii caueuaaony ia aauiuie, a iayca-
oaeuenoaaiiuie eneaie (aic?aaeaieyie). N oi/ee c?aiey oicyeno-
aaiiiai iai?ioa e i?aaiaie ?aaeei oaeeo noii ii?aaeaeyaony ia
aiciiaeiinoyie aauiuo i?aa (ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e ?anii-
?yaeaieth), a aeaaiui ia?acii oai, eae e eaeei ia?acii iie iiaeeaaeao
?aaeecaoeee e o/aoo a ninoaaa eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia i?aaei?eyoey,
eae ?anniao?eaathony a ea/anoaa iauaeoa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.
2. A niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/ao-
iinoe a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ?an/aou n aeaaeoi?aie e e?aaeeoi?aie
(**1) Iinoaiiaeaiea Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 18 ethey 1991 aiaea ? 406 . – YeAE. 1991 , ? 36.
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aeieaeiu io?aaeaoueny a noiiao, auoaeathueo ec aooaaeoa?neeo caie-
nae, i?eciaaaaiuo i?aaeeueiuie. A nii?iuo neo/ayo aii?in aeieaeai
auoue a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee aeaaiinoe ?ac?aoai th?enaeeeoeeiiiui
i?aaiii.
A ?an/aoao n oeiainiauie e iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie, o/?aaeaeaieyie
aaieia io?aaeaaiua a io/aoiinoe noiiu aeieaeiu auoue niaeaniaaiu
n ieie e oiaeaeanoaaiiuie. Inoaaeaiea ia aaeaina iaio?aaoee?iaai-
iuo noii ii oaeei ?an/aoai ia aeiioneaaony (i. 62-63 Iieiaeaiey).
3. Ia?aaeueiua o?aaiaaiey ii ?aoaieth ?oeiaiaeeoaey nienuaa-
thony ca n/ao n?aaenoa ?aca?aa niiieoaeueiuo aeieaia eee ia ?acoeueoaou
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (oi anoue ia oauoee), eee ia oiaiueoaiea
oeiaine?iaaiey (oiiaeia). Aeieae, ii eioi?ui eneiaay aeaaiinoue
enoaeea, ioiinyony ia ?acoeueoaou oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (oi
anoue ia i?eaueue) eee ia oaaee/aiea oeiaine?iaaiey (oiiaeia).
4. O?aaiaaiey, eae eiouanoai i?aaei?eyoey (aai aeoeau) iiaeea-
aeao iaeiaiiaeiaeaieth, aeieae eneeth/athony ec ninoaaa iaeiaiiaea-
aaaiuo aeoeaia. A niioaaonoaee ni no. 2-3 Caeiia ?O eoiae aeoeaa oiaiueoathony ia noiio
eniieueciaaiey caaiiuo n?aaenoa, ?an/aoia n athaeaeaoii, e?aaeeoia
aaieia aeey ?aaioieeia.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Eae oa?aeoa?ecothony aauiua eiouanoaaiiua i?aaa> ?aa-
eecoaiua noauaeoaie a oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa? Aeaeoa ii?aaeaea-
iea eaaeaeiai ec oaeeo i?aa e iieaaeeoa ioee/ea ae?oa io ae?oaa.
2. *oi oaeia i?aaiaie ?aaeei eiouanoaa? Eaeeie niiniaaie
aeinoeaaaony aai onoaiiaeaiea?
3. Eaeie i?aaiaie ?aaeei iniiaiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey? Ia-
iaoa?eaeueiuo aeoeaia?
4. Eae neaaeoao oa?aeoa?eciaaoue i?aaiaie ?aaeei iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa?
5. *oi oaeia onoaaiie eaieoae i?aaei?eyoey? ?aca?aiue oiiae?
6. Eae iino?iaii ?aaoee?iaaiea oeiainia i?aaei?eyoey? *oi
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie i?eaueue i?aaei?eyoey, inoathuayny a aai
?anii?yaeai ee?
Oaia VI. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea e i?eaaoecaoeey
eae i?aaeiinueee nicaeaiey iaiaoiaeeiuo
?uii/iuo no?oeoo?
1. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee
1. Nicaeaiea ?uiea o?aaoao, /oiau a iai o/anoaiaaee ?aciua
yeiiiie/aneea no?oeoo?u, aeaenoaothuea eae nianoaaiieee eee ii
e?aeiae ia?a eae aaoiiiiii i?aaieciaaiiua noauaeou, i?aneaaeo-
thuea naie nianoaaiiua eioa?anu. Oai naiui aoaeao nicaeaia oaeay
n?aaea, a eioi?ie eaaeaeue ec o/anoieeia i?eaiaeeo a aeaenoaea iaoaieci
eiieo?aioeee e canoaaeyao anao eneaoue iooe e oniaoo.
Yeiiiieea iaoae no?aiu aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiai ia?eiaea
ieacaeanue i?aaieciaaiiie a i?yii i?ioeaiiieiaeiii aeooa. Inii-
aaiiay ia aaca aaeeiiai oiiaea ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, aeae-
noaothuay eae aaeeiue ieaiiaue iiiieeo iia nicaeaaaea oaeea iiae-
?acaeaeaiey ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, aeey eioi?uo aeaaiui auei auiie-
iaiea caaeaiee ii ea/anoao, a ia yeiiiie/aneee eioa?an. A no?aia
nicaeaaaeenue aeaaiou-i?aaei?eyoey, eiioeaio?e?iaaaoea i?iecaiaeno-
ai. Eiiaaea ioaeaeueiua aeaeu i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia auioneaee oie-
eaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey.
?aaeei oicyenoaiaaiey i?aaei?eyoee, iniiauaaaoeo naith aeay-
oaeueiinoue ia aaeeiii oiiaea ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, nicaea-
aaeny eae ieaiiai-?an/aoiue, ia caaenyuee io aicaeaenoaey ae?oaeo
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia. I?aaei?eyoeyi aa?aioe?iaaeinue ieaiiaia
niaaaeaiea e ieaiiaue nauo eo i?iaeoeoeee. Oaeaeaiea i?iecaiaeeoaey
io nianoaaiiinoe, ieaaee?iaaiea aai yeiiiie/aneiai eioa?ana, e –
i?iecaiaenoao aeaeaei naii i?iecaiaenoai eiaeeooa?aioiui e iao/-
ii-oaoie/aneiio i?ia?anno, ia ?iaeaeaei no?aieaiee inaieoue ia?a-
aeiaua aeinoeaeaiey iaoee e oaoieee. Iieiaeeoaeueiua noi?iiu iea-
iiaiai oicyenoaa (ieaiiia?iinoue i?iecaiaenoaa, iineaaeiaaoaeueiia
aeinoeaeaiea iinoaaeaiiie caaea/e, onoie/eainoue e naaeaine?iaai-
iinoue io?aneae e no?oeoo? yeiiiieee, anaiauay caiyoinoue ianaeaiey,
nioeeaeueiay aa?aioe?iaaiiinoue i?aa) aeene?aaeeoe?iaaeenue ieceei
o?iaiai i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea, cao?aoiui oa?aeoa?ia yeiii-
ieee, iooi?aeaieai iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e ae?oaeie oae-
oi?aie, i?iyaeythueie naia aeaenoaea ec-ca oiai, /oi yeiiiie/aneee
eioa?an i?iecaiaeeoaey i?iyaeyeny ia iaiin?aaenoaaiii, ia a iieiie
ia?a, a a ioaeaeaiiuo i?aaiecoaiuo ainoaea?noaii iaoiaeao e oi?iao.
Anee o/anoue, /oi iauanoaaiiue oa?aeoa? nianoaaiiinoe e oiio aea
aue aeaoi?ie?iaai i?enaiaieai aeanoe ath?ie?aoeae, eniieuecothuae
!!156
ainoaea?noai eae naith nianoaaiiinoue a naiai eioa?ana, oi noaiiaeony
iiiyoiui, ii/aio yeiiiieea aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiai ia?eiaea
ia aeaaaea iaaeaaeae ia oniao a aeaaiii: aunoae i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe
o?oaea.
2. Aeey ia?aoiaea e ?uieo i?e ethaii aa?eaioa ia?ano?ieee aic-
ieeea iaiaoiaeeiinoue nicaeaoue ?uii/ioth no?oeoo?o, niiniaioth i?e-
aeeceoue i?iecaiaeeoaey e nianoaaiiinoe, iaeeaeoue a iai iioaioeee
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai e nianoaaiiiai eioa?ana e ?acoeueoaoai oicyeno-
aiaaiey. Noaei yanoaaiii iuouaoueny iauaeoeaiia o?aaiaaiea ni-
caeaoue iiaua ioiioaiey nianoaaiiinoe, iicaieythuea, ai-ia?auo,
?aoeoue yoo caaea/o e, ai-aoi?uo, nicaeaoue eiieo?ai-
oioth n?aaeo, aeaiiiiiieece?iaaoue ia?iaeiia oicyenoai, iinoaiaiii
ono?aiyy eneeth/eoaeueiia iieiaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
Yoe caaea/e iiaeii ?aoeoue ia iniiaa ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?e-
aaoecaoeee. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea icia/aei aeaa niiniaa i?aia?aciaaiey
ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe: a) a eieeaeoeaiua oi?iu nicaeaieai
a?aiaeiuo e eiuo eieeaeoeaiuo i?aaei?eyoee n aueoiii ainoaea?no-
aaiiie nianoaaiiinoe; a) a /anoiua oi?iu iooai nicaeaiey /anoiuo
i?aaei?eyoee, iooai aueoia, eee aeoeeiie?iaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiie
nianoaaiiinoe.
I?eaaoecaoeey icia/aea oieueei iaeei niinia i?aia?aciaaiey ai-
noaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee – a /anoiua. Caeiiiaeaoaeue eca?ae iooue
i?eaaoecaoeee, ioeacaaoenue io aeeth/aiey a ?uii/iia oicyenoai
eieeaeoeaiuo nianoaaiieeia. Yoiio niinianoaiaaea eeiey, acyoay
caeiiiaeaoaeai oaea i?e i?eiyoee caeiia i nianoaaiiinoe, eioi?ue,
aeooi neacaa i aiciiaeiinoe eieeaeoeaiuo i?aaei?eyoee (no. 14 Ca-
eiia) , ?anoeaiee oai ia iaiaa eo nianoaaiiinoue a ea/anoaa /anoiie
nianoaaiiinoe, iiianoea yoo noaoueth a ?acaeae II Caeiia, a a aeaeue-
iaeoai ia?anoae aiiaua i iae oiiieiaoue. A Caeiia (*1) aiai?eony, /oi
i?eaaoecaoeey icia/aao i?eia?aoaiea a?aaeaeaiaie, aeoeeiia?iuie
iauanoaaie (oiaa?euanoaaie) o ainoaea?noaa e ianoiuo Niaaoia
ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia a /anoioth nianoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoee, oeaoia,
i?iecaiaenoa, o/anoeia, eiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee yoeo i?aaei?eyoee, au-
aeaeyaiuo a naiinoiyoaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey, iai?oaeiaaiey, caeaiee,
nii?oaeaiee, eeoeaicee, iaoaioia e ae?oaeo iaoa?eaeueiuo e iaiaoa-
?eaeueiuo aeoeaia i?aaei?eyoee (aeaenoaothueo e eeeaeaee?iaaiiuo
ii ?aoaieth i?aaiia, i?aaiii/iuo i?eieiaoue oaeea ?aoaiey io
eiaie nianoaaiieea); aeieae (iaaa, aeoeee) ainoaea?noaa e ianoiuo
Niaaoia ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia a eaieoaea aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa (oi-
aa?euanoa), i?eiaaeeaaeaueo i?eaaoece?oaiui i?aaei?eyoeyi aeieae
(**1) AAN, 1991, ? 27, no. 927. Caeii aeaenoaoao n eciaiaieyie e aeiiieiaieyie, aia–
naiiuie Caeiiii io 5 ethiy 1992 a. e io 24 ethiy 1992 a.
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(iaaa, aeoeee) a eaieoaea eiuo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa (oiaa?euanoa),
a oaeaea niaianoiuo i?aaei?eyoee, eiiia?/aneeo aaieia, annioeeaoeee,
eiioea?iia, nithcia e ae?oaeo iauaaeeiaiee i?aaei?eyoee (no. 1 Caeiia).
A ia?aie i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee – Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?ai-
ia i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee
a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia 1992 aiae (*1) aiai?eony, /oi aeaaiuie
oeaeyie i?eaaoecaoeee a 1992 aiaeo yaeythony:
– oi?ie?iaaiea neiy /anoiuo nianoaaiieeia, niaeaenoaothueo
nicaeaieth nioeeaeueii i?eaioe?iaaiiie ?uii/iie yeiiiieee;
– iiauoaiea yooaeoeaiinoe aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee iooai
eo i?eaaoecaoeee;
– nioeeaeueiay caueoa ianaeaiey e ?acaeoea iauaeoia nioeeaeueiie
eio?ano?oeoo?u ca n/ao n?aaenoa, iinooieaoeo io i?eaaoecaoeee:
– niaeaenoaea i?ioeanno noaaeeecaoeee oeiainiaiai iieiaeaiey a
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
– nicaeaiea eiieo?aioiie n?aaeu e niaeaenoaea aeaiiiiiieecaoeee
ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa:
– i?eaea/aiea eiino?aiiuo eiaanoeoeee:
-nicaeaiea oneiaee e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo no?oeoo? aeey ?anoe?aiey
ianooaaa i?eaaoecaoeee a 1993-1994 aiaeao (*2) .
3. Eae neaaeoao ec yoiai, oi?ie?iaaiea ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee
i?aaeiieaaaaony oieueei ia iooyo ia?aciaaiey neiy /anoiuo niano-
aaiieeia. Yoa caaea/a /?acau/aeii neiaeia aeey auiieiaiey, oae eae
o?aaoao, /oiau a iauanoaa nouanoaiaaea a?oiia eeoe, niiniaiuo
aueoieoue ?aaeueii (a ia iiieiaeueii, i?eiaueaoenue, aeiionoei, a
ea/anoaa aeoeeiia?a e eaeiio-eeai aeoeeiia?iiio iauanoao n iaeiie
eee ianeieueeeie aeoeeyie) aeaaioneee eiouanoaaiiue iioaioeeae
anaia?iaeiie nianoaaiiinoe a aeaea oaeie /anoe, eioi?ay aoaeao iaoi-
aeeoueny iiae eo eiio?ieai e aoaeao ?aaeeciaaia n iiiiuueth i?oaeeiu
/anoiiai eioa?ana. E iiiaioo ia/aea i?aia?aciaaiee oaeeo a?aaeaeai
a no?aia ia auei. Iiyoiio ia?aiia/aeueiia iaeiieaiea eaieoaea
aeieaeii auei inouanoaeoueny ia iooyo onei?aiiiai nicaeaiey neiy
nianoaaiieeia, eioi?ue niia au auno?i iieo/eoue oaeea n?aaenoaa,
/oi aeaei au aio aiciiaeiinoue anneieee?iaaoue ainoaea?noaaiioth ni-
anoaaiiinoue. Iiiyoii, /oi yoi aiciiaeii oieueei ia iniiaa ia?a?an-
i?aaeaeaiey n?aaenoa, eiathueony o a?aaeaeai. Eaaeoeiiuo n?aaenoa aeey
yoiai ia nouanoaoao. ?aoeoue oaeoth caaea/o iiaeii auei eeoue iooai:
a) nicaeaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaeiinueie a caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa aeey oca-
eiiaiey i?ioeannia ia?a?ani?aaeaeaiey eiouanoaa io aieueoeinoaa
(**1) AAN. 1992. ? 28, no. 1617.
(**2) Yoe caaea/e ianeieueei nei??aeoe?iaaiu a iiaie I?ia?aiia, aaaaeaiiie a aeaenoaea
n 1 yiaa?y 1994 a., ii a aeaaiii iie inoaeenue i?aaeieie -nicaeaiea eiieo?niie n?aaeu
e oi?ie?iaaiea neiy /anoiuo nianoaaiieeia. (NAII, 1994. ? 1 , na 2.)
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e iaiueoeinoao; a) ineaaeaiey oaeoi?ia, naea?aeeaathueo eiouano-
aaiiua iaeiieaiey; a) aaaaeaiey iaoaieciia, niinianoaothueo on-
ei?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee; a) nicaeaiey iai?ioiniiniaiuo aeieoiaioia
i auaeaeaiee aeiee a ia?iaeiie nianoaaiiinoe n aiciiaeiinoueth eii-
oeaio?aoeee eo a iaeieo ?oeao.
Aeey yoiai aue caiouai iaoaieci naiaiaeu oi?aiaee, aeathuee
aiciiaeiinoue niaeoeyoeaiui iooai, eciaiea nouanoaiaaaoea iiae-
oiaeu e iiaeaaeaieth oaeiai ?iaea aeaenoaee, inouanoaeoue eiioeaio-
?aoeeth n?aaenoa o oi?aiaoeaa e eiuo iin?aaeieeia. Yoiio niinianoaoao
oe?ieia aiaae?aiea a oicyenoaaiioth aeeciue iin?aaeie/anoaa, ia
aaca eioi?iai noaei aiciiaeiui eniieueciaaoue eaiaeu auno?iai
iaiaauaiey. E yoiio aea aaaeao iaoaieci oieiaie i?eaaoecaoeee,
onei?aiea eioi?iai nii?iaiaeaeaeinue ?ani?iaeaaeae aineiouanoaa ii
caieaeaiiui oeaiai. Eaoaeecaoi?ii ia?aiia/aeueiiai iaeiieaiey
noaee oaeaea eioeyoeeiiiua i?ioeannu, i?eaaaeoea e eeoaieth ia-
eiieaiee e naa?aaeaiee aieueoeinoaa ianaeaiey, ii nicaeaaoea aeey
iaiueoeinoaa i?aaeiinueee n iiiiuueth n?aaenoa, iaaeeouo ia iie-
oeaaeoeiiie (eee aiana ia eaaeoeiiie) iniiaa, neoiaoue i?eaaoe-
caoeeiiiua /aee ii ieceie oeaia, i?eiaiyy aianoi eiaiiuo i?e-
aaoecaoeeiiiuo n/aoia iaacee/aiiua aao/a?u aeey i?eia?aoaiey
aeieae, aeoeee, iaaa ainoaea?noaaiiie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaai-
iinoe n aiciiaeiinoyie oaeoaeyoue ia?aiia/aeueiia iaeiieaiea ca
n/ao iaeieioueo neiaa ianaeaiey.
A?aiy iieaaeao, aica?aoeony ee caeiiiaeaoaeue e eaeaa oe?ieiai
iiieiaiey ?acainoaea?noaeaiey, aeeth/athuaai i?aia?aciaaiea aino-
aea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe a eieeaeoeaioth nianoaaiiinoue, eee aoaeao
ianoaeaaoue eneeth/eoaeueii ia i?eaaoecaoeee e ia?aaea/a ainoaea?no-
aaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee oieueei a /anoioth nianoaai-
iinoue, Iineaaeiee i?ioeann naycai iaiin?aaenoaaiii n ei?aiiui i?a-
ia?aciaaieai iauanoaaiii-yeiiiie/aneie oi?iaoeee e aeieaeai iie-
?aoueny ia iiaua eiinoeoooeeiiiua ?aoaiey.
2. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee
1. Ia/aeueiuie caeiiiaeaoaeueiuie aeoaie yaeyeenue Caeii , a oaeaea Caeii
Yoe caeiiu onoaiiaeee enoiaeiua iiceoeee i?eaaoecaoeee, eioi?ay
aeieaeia inouanoaeyoueny ia aaca Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu, ii?a-
aeaeythuae ia i?aaenoiyuee ia?eiae (ia?aue aiae e o?e iineaaeothueo
(**1) AAN. 1991, ? 27. no. 925, 927.
!!159
aiaea), /oi eiaiii e eaeei niiniaii aoaeao i?eaaoece?iaaoueny, eoi
yaeyaony o/anoieeii i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo i?ioeannia e niioaaonoaaiii
noauaeoii i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee.
Aeaeaa iineaaeiaae Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 a.
i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia 1992 aiae (*1). Oeac ionooiee io
o?aaiaaiee iacaaiiuo caeiiia e aue i?eiyo aii?aee onoaiiaeai-
iie eiiiaoaioeee, a /anoiinoe ia?ooee eiiiaoaioeeth Aa?oiaiiai
Niaaoa ?O ia ooaa?aeaeaiea Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoe-
caoeee. Aeaenoaea yoeo Iniiaiuo iieiaeaiee auei i?ae?auaii iin-
oaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io II ethiy 1992 aiaea (*2).
Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y 1992 aiaea
ooaa?aeaeaiu a aeaea A?aiaiiuo iieiaeaiee e iaoiaee/aneeo oeacaiee,
?aaeaiaioe?othueo i?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee, a oaeaea oeiiauo oi?i,
aeou, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo ?aaeecoaony yoio i?ioeann.
Caeiiii io 5 ethiy 1992 aiaea (*4) aianaiu eciaiaiey, eioi?ua i?ecaaiu
iaeaa/eoue e oniaa?oainoaiaaoue i?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee n o/aoii ia?-
aiai iiuoa aa i?iaaaeaiey.
A oeaeyo onei?aiey e ?anoe?aiey ia?niaeoea i?eaaoecaoeee i?e-
iyo Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a.
aaoecaoeee iooai i?aia?aciaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee a
aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ia iniiaa
ooaa?aeee oaeia iieiaeaiea), eioi?ia iicaieeo ?aaeeciaaoue i?eaa-
oecaoeeth oaeeo i?aaei?eyoee iooai i?iaeaaee aeoeee oaea nicaeaiiuo
aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa, aea?aeaoaeai eioi?uo a ia?aue ia?eiae a in-
iiaiii yaeyeenue Oiiaeu ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiouanoaa. Iie e aeieaeiu
(**1) AAN, 1992, ?3, no. 93.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 28, no. 1617.
(**3) AAN, 1992, ? 7, no. 312.
(**4) AAN, 1992, ? 28, no. 1614.
(**5) AAN, 1992, ? 28, no. 1657.
!!160
auee aunooieoue eo i?iaeaaoeaie e i?iaiaeieeaie i?eaaoecaoeee ia
neaaeothuae noaaeee, iinea eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee.
Ai eniieiaiea yoiai Oeaca 4 aaaonoa 1992 aiaea i?aaeoaeuenoai ?O
i?eiyei iinoaiiaeaiea .
Yoei iinoaiiaeaieai ooaa?aeaeaii Iieiaeaiea i ii?yaeea ?aaeno?aoeee
auionea aeoeee aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa ioe?uoiai oeia, o/?aaeaeaiiuo
a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee, a oaeaea Oeiiaie ieai i?eaaoecaoeee (*1).
Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 aaaonoa 1992 aiaea
ooaa?aeaeaii Iieiaeaiea i i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeao (*2). A ?acaeoea
yoiai Oeaca I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?O ecaeaii iinoaiiaeaiea io 15 ethey
1992 aiaea ? 490 , a eioi?ii i?aaeon-
iio?aiu i?aaiecaoeeiiiua ia?ii?eyoey ii aaaaeaieth a aeaenoaea
nenoaiu i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia. Ai eniieiaiea yoiai iinoaiia-
eaiey Aineiieiouanoaii ?O ooaa?aeaeai ?yae aeoia ii ?aaeecaoeee
nenoaiu i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia, a oii /enea Eino?oeoeey i ii?yaeea
auaea/e i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia a?aaeaeaiai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee,
ooaa?aeaeaiiay ?anii?yaeaieai io 20 aaaonoa 1992 a. ? 369-? (*4).
Aeey iaania/aiey ?aaeecaoeee a?aaeaeaiaie i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /a-
eia aue ecaeai Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 aiaea (*5), eioi?ui ooaa?ae-
aeaii Iieiaeaiea ia eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeao e Iieiaeaiea i niaoee-
aeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeao i?eaaoecaoeee, aeeoioee-
?othueo i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee a?aaeaeai. Yoei aea Oeacii
ooaa?aeaeai I?eia?iue onoaa eiaanoeoeeiiiiai oiiaea, Iniiaiua
iieiaeaiey aeaiiceoa?iiai aeiaiai?a. I?eia?iue aeiaiai? n oi?aaey-
thuei ia oi?aaeaiee eiaanoeoeeiiiui oiiaeii e Oeiiaie i?iniaeo
yiennee eiaanoeoeeiiiiai oiiaea.
Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y 1992 aiaea (*6) o?aaoee?iaae aii?inu i noaeueaa
(**1) NAII, 1992. ?7, no. 386.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ?35. no. 2001.
(**3) NAII, 1992, ?3.no. 110.
(**4) I?aaiaua iniiau i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Eioi?iaoeeiiiue iaeao ii?iaoeaiuo aeieoiaioia e iaoa?eaeia Enneaaeiaaoaeueneee
oeaio? /anoiiai i?aaa. I., 1992, o. 2, n. 92-111.
(**5) AAN. 1992. ? 42, no. 2370.
(**6) AAN. 1992, ?43. no. 2429.
!!161
a?aiaeiuo aeiaiai?ia, caeeth/aiiuo aei aaaaeaiey a aeaenoaea caeiia
, e aueoia eiouanoaa ii oaeei aeiaiai?ai.
2. A ?yaea aeoia I?aceaeaioa ?O e I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O ?ac?aoaiu
aii?inu ia iniaaiiinoyo i?eaaoecaoeee a ioaeaeueiuo io?aneyo ia-
?iaeiiai oicyenoaa. Iai?eia?, iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O
io 4 naioya?y 1992 aiaea ? 708 (*1) ooaa?aeaeaii Iieiaeaiea i ?ai?aaiecaoeee eieoicia, niaoicia
e i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee, a oaeaea Iieiaeaiea i i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee ii
ia?ae/iie ia?a?aaioea naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, ?uau,
ii?ai?iaeoeoia e i?aaei?eyoee ii i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oaoie/aneiio
ianeoaeeaaieth e iaoa?eaeueii-oaoie/aneiio iaania/aieth aa?ii-
?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena. Naiaia?acea yoeo aeoia ninoieo a oii,
/oi iie ia oieueei ?anniao?eaatho aii?inu i?eaaoecaoeee. A ia?aii
iieiaeaiee ?a/ue eaeao oaeaea e i i?aia?aciaaiee eieeaeoeaiie
nianoaaiiinoe eieoicia e niaoicia a /anoioth nianoaaiiinoue n i?e-
aaoecaoeeae caiee.
A Oeaca I?aceaeaioa ?O io 17 iiya?y 1992 aiaea
i?eyoey yoie io?anee, ia?a/eneaiiua a ia?a/iyo, i?eeaaaaiuo e iin-
oaiiaeaieth, a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa, o/?aaeaeaii i?aaei?eyoea aeey eiiia?/aneiai oi?aaeaiey cae?aieyaiuie ia 3 aiaea a
oaaea?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe iaeaoaie aeoeee nicaeaiiuo aeoeeiia?iuo
iauanoa (ia?a/aiue ? 1). Nicaeaiu oaeaea aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa –
iaooyiua eiiiaiee, iieo/athuea a onoaaiie eaieoae 38 i?ioeaioia
aeoeee i?aia?aciaaiiuo a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa i?aaei?eyoee (ia?a-
/aiue ? 2), n cae?aieaieai yoeo aeoeee a oaaea?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe
ia o?e aiaea. A onoaaiie eaieoae nicaeaiiuo o?ainii?oiuo eiiiaiee
aeoeee aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa, nicaeaiiuo i?e i?aia?aciaaiee o?ainii?-
oe?othueo iaooue e iaooai?iaeoeou i?aaei?eyoee (ia?a/aiue ? 3). Yoa
/anoue aeoeee cae?aieyaony a oaaea?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe e ia iiaeao
ia?aaeaaaoueny o?aoueei eeoeai a oa/aiea anaai ia?eiaea aeaenoaey cai?aoa
i?eaaoecaoeee o?oaii?iaiaeiiai o?ainii?oa, onoaiiaeaiiiai Ainoaea?no-
aaiiie i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee ia 1992 aiae. Inoaeueiua 49 i?ioeaioia
aeoeee nicaeaiiuo aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa cae?aieythony a oaaea?aeueiie
(**1) NAeII, 1992. ? 12, no. 931.
(**2) NAII, 1992, ? 22, no. 1878.
!!162
nianoaaiiinoe ia 3 aiaea. A Oeaca onoaiiaeai oaeaea iniaue ii?yaeie
i?iaeaaee aeoeee, ia cae?aieaiiuo a oaaea?aeueioth nianoaaiiinoue.
Aiaeiae/iia cia/aiea eiaao Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 30 aeaeaa?y
1992 aiaea (*1).
Iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia – I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee io 9 ia?oa 1993 aiaea ooaa?aeaeai ii?yaeie oi?ie?iaaiey
oiiaeia aeoeeiie?iaaiey ?aaioieeia i?aaei?eyoey (*2), nicaeaiea eioi?uo
i?aaeoniio?aii no. 25 Caeiia .
3. Aeey inouanoaeaiey i?eaaoecaoeee iaiaoiaeeia nenoaia i?aa-
iia, ?aaeecothueo yoe i?ioeannu, onoaiiaeaiea eo eiiiaoaioeee a
yoii aeaea. Iieiaeaiea i Ainoaea?noaaiiii eiieoaoa ?O ii oi?aa-
eaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eiouanoaii ooaa?aeaeaii iinoaiiaeaieai
Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 21 yiaa?y 1991 aiaea (*3). I?aaiaia iie-
iaeaiea eiieoaoia ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii e?ay, iaeanoe, aaoi-
iiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai ie?oaa, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Ia-
oa?ao?aa ii?aaeaeaii a aeaaiuo /a?oao Oeiiaui iieiaeaieai, oo-
aa?aeaeaiiui Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y 1992 aiaea (*4).
Yoe eiieoaou a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii i?aaiecotho
i?eaaoecaoeeth ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa:
?ac?aaaouaatho e i?aaenoaaeytho i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee aeey eo
ooaa?aeaeaiey eiiiaoaioiuie i?aaiaie; i?aaiecotho e eiio?iee-
?otho eo ?aaeecaoeeth; io/eouaathony ia?aae Aa?oiaiui Niaaoii
?O e niioaaonoaothueie Niaaoaie ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia i auiie-
iaiee i?ia?aii; nicaeatho eiiennee ii i?eaaoecaoeee – aeaeno-
aothuea ?aai/ea i?aaiu; i?eieiatho ?aoaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee,
inouanoaeytho i?aia?aciaaiey i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu
i?aaei?eyoee; aaaeatho eiuie aii?inaie, auoaeathueie ec eo
eiiiaoaioeee.
?inneeneee oiiae oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa aeaaeaao, ?anii?yaea-
aony e oi?aaeyao nianoaaiiinoueth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, iaoiaey-
uaeny a aai aaaeaiee, e inouanoaeyao aa i?eaaoecaoeeth, aeaenoaoy ia
iniiaaiee Iieiaeaiey i ?inneeneii oiiaea oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa,
ooaa?aeaeaiiii Iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ethey
1991 aiaea (*5). A oiaea i?eaaoecaoeee ii inouanoaeyao ooieoeee i?iaeaaoea
(**1) NAII. 1993. ?2. no. 100.
(**2) NAII. 1993. ?1 1. no. 944.
(**3) NI, 1991. ? 11. no. 145.
(**4) AAN, 1992, ? 43, no. 2430.
(**5) AAN, 1991, ? 27. no. 929. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy Iieiaeaiea i ?inneeneii oiiaea
oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa ooaa?aeaeaii Oeacii I?aceaeaioa io 17 aeaeaa?y 1993 a. (NAII,
1993, ?51, no. 4937.)
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aeieae (iaaa, aeoeee) aini?aaei?eyoee, aunooiaao a ea/anoaa o/?aaee-
oaey aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa ia aaca i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
Oaeiau iniiaiua aeou, ?aaoee?othuea i?eaaoecaoeeth ainoaea?-
noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
4. Aicieeaao aii?in, e eaeie io?anee i?aaa ioiineony yoio
caeiiiaeaoaeueiue e i?eiueathuee e iaio iiaecaeiiiue ii?ia-
oeaiue iannea? I?aaenoaaeyaony i?aaeeueiui ioianoe ?anniao?e-
aaaiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai e oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao, iineieueeo i?i-
aaaeaiea i?eaaoecaoeee icia/aao aeey ainoaea?noaa ?aaeecaoeeth naiae
nianoaaiiinoe a i?ioeanna oicyenoaiaaiey. ?acoeueoaoii i?iaaaeai-
iuo i?aia?aciaaiee yaeyaony iiyaeaiea iiauo nianoaaiieeia –
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, ?aaeecothueo i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeue-
iinoue ia aaca i?eia?aoaiiiai eiouanoaa. Yoa aeayoaeueiinoue ai
iiiaii aeieaeia no?ieoueny i?e iaee/ee i?aaii?aainoaa (iai?eia?,
i?e i?iaeaaea ii eiieo?no, aueoia ia iniiaa a?aiaeu). I?ioeann
iiyaeaiey iiauo i?aaei?eyoee ia iniiaa aeoeeiie?iaaiey oaeaea
au?aaeaao oi?ie?iaaiea iiauo noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey ii i?a-
aeeai, naienoaaiiui nicaeaieth noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe.
Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee, i?aaiecaoeey eiouan-
oaaiiuo i?aia?aciaaiee ioiineony e aii?inai ?aaoee?iaaiey aino-
aea?noaii i?ioeanna nicaeaiey ?uii/iuo no?oeoo?, oi anoue yaeyaony
i?iyaeaieai ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneea
ioiioaiey (i?ae?auaiea iaeieo e nicaeaiea ae?oaeo noauaeoia oi-
cyenoaiaaiey) a oeaeyo niaethaeaiey iioeiaeueiie ia?u a niioiioaiee
ioaee/iiai e /anoiiai eioa?ania, aneaaenoaea /aai ana oaeea ioii-
oaiey ioiinyony e i?aaeiaoo oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. A aai nenoaia,
io?aaeaiiie a oeaio?aeueiii aeoa yoie io?anee, aeieaeai auoue ?acaeae,
iinayuaiiue i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo
i?aaei?eyoee.
3. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee.
Ianoiua i?ia?aiiu. Ieaiu i?eaaoecaoeee
1. Aeaaiui aeoii, ?aaoee?othuei i?ioeannu i?eaaoecaoeee a eaae-
aeue aeaiiue ia?eiae aa i?iaaaeaiey, yaeyaony Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?i-
a?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee. Ath onoaiaaeeaathony oeaee, i?ei?eoaou e
ia?aie/aiey i?e i?iaaaeaiee i?eaaoecaoeee. I?ia?aiia aiineony
Niaaoii Ieieno?ia ?O e ooaa?aeaeaaony Oaaea?aeueiui Nia?aieai.
Ia?aiia/aeueii iia ?ac?aaaouaaeanue ia o?e aeeaeaeoeo aiaea e ni-
noiyea ec caaeaiey ia oaeouee aiae e i?iaiica ia aeaa iineaaeothueo
aiaea.
I?ia?aiia niaea?aeeo:
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– ia?a/aiue iauaeoia ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, iaia/ai-
iuo e i?eaaoecaoeee, e iainiiaaiea eo auai?a, a oii /enea iauaeou
e i?aaei?eyoey, iiaeeaaeauea iaycaoaeueiie i?eaaoecaoeee, a oaeaea
ia?a/aiue iauaeoia, i?eaaoecaoeey eioi?uo cai?auaia; ia?a/aiue iau-
aeoia, i?eaaoecaoeey eioi?uo inouanoaeyaony ii ?aoaieth I?aae-
oaeuenoaa ?O eeai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee; ia?a/aiue iauaeoia, i?eaaoecaoeey eioi?uo inouanoaey-
aony ii ?aoaieth Aineiieiouanoaa ?O n o/aoii iiaiey io?aneaauo
ieienoa?noa;
– o?aaiaaiey e ianoiui i?ia?aiiai i?eaaoecaoeee;
– caaeaiey i?aaiai ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey ii
i?eaaoecaoeee;
– ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaeii/oeoaeueiuo niiniaia i?eaaoecaoeee e oi?i
ieaoaaea, eueaio /eaiai o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia i?eaaoece?oaiuo
i?aaei?eyoee;
– aaee/eio noii i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo aeeaaeia (/aeia), ?ani?a-
aeaeyaiuo n?aaee a?aaeaeai ?O, e ?acia? aeeaaea ia iaeiiai iieo/aoaey
a aeaiiii ia?eiaea;
– oneiaey eniieueciaaiey eiino?aiiuo eiaanoeoeee:
– i?iaiic iinooieaiey n?aaenoa io i?eaaoecaoeee e eo iai?aa-
eaiea;
– ae?oaea aii?inu, auoaeathuea ec ?aaeecaoeee i?ia?aiiu.
2. A ?acaeoea Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee i?eie-
iathony ?anioaeeeaineea e ianoiua i?ia?aiiu, a oaeaea ii?iaoea-
iua aeou, iaania/eaathuea eo auiieiaiea. Yoe ieaiu ia iiaoo
onoaiaaeeaaoue aeiiieieoaeueiuo ia?aie/aiee i?eaaoecaoeee a n?aa-
iaiee n o?aaiaaieyie Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu.
A Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee ia 1992 aiae e a
iiaie i?ia?aiia, a /anoiinoe, ia?a/eneythony iauaeou e i?aaei?e-
yoey, i?eaaoecaoeey eioi?uo aeiioneaaony oieueei a niioaaonoaee n
ianoiuie i?ia?aiiaie (*1). Yoi iauaeou e i?aaei?eyoey ai?iaeneiai
iannaaee?neiai o?ainii?oa, e?iia oaeniiioi?iiai, a oaeaea i?aaei?e-
yoey ii aai ?aiiioo; aaie, i?a/a/iua, ioni?iia?a?aaaouaathuea
caaiaeu, aioaee (n iaycaoaeueiui ainoaea?noaaiiui eeoeaice?iaaieai
eo aeayoaeueiinoe) e iaeioi?ua ae?oaea iauaeou e i?aaei?eyoey.
3. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia e ianoiua i?ia?aiiu ii naiae
th?eaee/aneie nooe yaeythony ii?iaoeaiuie aeoaie, ?aaoee?othueie
iiaaaeaiea noauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo ioiioaiee a i?ioeanna ino-
uanoaeaiey i?eaaoecaoeee. A yoe i?aaiioiioaiey anooiatho n iaeiie
noi?iiu ainoaea?noai – nianoaaiiee /a?ac i?aaiu) ?aoathuea aii?inu
i?eaaoecaoeee, ia/eiay io Oaaea?aeueiiai Nia?aiey, I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?O, Aineiieiouanoaa ?O e eii/ay Oiiaeii eiouanoaa ?O, eiuie
(**1) Ni., a /anoiinoe, ?acaeae 2.4 Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu.
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aini?aaiaie, ?aaeecothueie i?eaaoecaoeeth, a oaeaea ainoaea?noai-
?anioaeeea a ninoaaa ?O a eeoea niioaaonoaothueo ?anioaeeeaineeo
i?aaiia, e?ay, iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaia
/a?ac ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey a e?ayo e iaeanoyo,
aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaao, ?aoathueo aii?inu a
ioiioaiee nianoaaiiinoe niioaaonoaothueo ?aaeiiia; ?aeiiu ^ ai-
?iaea, yaeythueany ioieoeeiaeueiuie nianoaaiieeaie, aeaenoaothuea
/a?ac i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey yoeo noauaeoia.
N ae?oaie noi?iiu, a yoeo i?aaiioiioaieyo o/anoaotho iieoiaoaee
i?eaaoece?oaiiai eiouanoaa, i?eaaoece?oaiua i?aaei?eyoey, eo
o?oaeiaua eieeaeoeau, eiathuea i?aai iiaeaoue cayaeo ia i?eaaoe-
caoeeth e noaoue iieoiaoaeyie, i?aaenoaaeoaee e iin?aaeieee.
*eaiu o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa, ?aaeecothuea naia i?aai a ninoaaa
yoiai eieeaeoeaa ia i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee, ioaeaeueiua a?aaeaeaia, ?a-
aeecothuea i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee, iaiin?aaenoaaiii noauaeoaie
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee ia yaeythony, anee
oieueei ia aunooiatho a ea/anoaa iieoiaoaeae io naiaai eiaie. I/a-
aeaeii, /oi ioiioaiey a?aaeaeai n o?oaeiauie eieeaeoeaaie, a ninoaaa
eioi?uo iie aeaenoaotho, ia ioiinyony e i?eaaoecaoeeiiiui oicye-
noaaiiui ioiioaieyi. Oaeaea iao iniiaaiee ioiineoue e oicyeno-
aaiiui ioiioaiey a?aaeaeai n eiaanoeoeeiiiuie oiiaeaie i?e ?aa-
eecaoeee ei i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia. Yoe ioiioaiey ii i?eia?a-
oaieth oeaiiuo aoiaa ia yaeythony i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneeie ii naiae
nooe, a ioiinyony e a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaui. A?aaeaeaia ia ?aaeno?e-
?othony a oiaea yoeo iia?aoeee a ea/anoaa i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, a ino-
uanoaeytho eoieth-i?iaeaaeo aeioiaeiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa a ea/anoaa eeoe,
?aaeecothueo oaeiaeaoai?aiea naieo iio?aaiinoae.
4. I?iaeaaoeaie ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee,
aeaenoaothueie a ea/anoaa i?aaiia, oiieiiii/aiiuo nianoaaiieeii,
aunooiatho ?inneeneee oiiae oaaea?aeueiiai eiouanoaa (aai ioaeaeaiey
ia ianoao), a oaeaea oiiaeu eiouanoaa ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?O,
e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiuo iaeanoae e aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaia, ?ae-
iiia (e?iia ?aeiiia a ai?iaeao), ai?iaeia (e?iia ai?iaeia ?aeiiiiai
iiae/eiaiey) (no. 6-7 Caeiia i i?eaaoecaoeee).
Iieoiaoaeyie aunooiatho a?aaeaeaia, th?eaee/aneea eeoea, ca en-
eeth/aieai oao, a onoaaiii eaieoaea eioi?uo aeiey ainoaea?noaa,
?aaeiiia ai aeaaa n niioaaonoaothuae aaeieieno?aoeeae, iauanoaaiiuo
i?aaiecaoeee (iauaaeeiaiee), aeaaioai?eoaeueiuo e eiuo iauanoaai-
iuo oiiaeia i?aauoaao 25 i?ioeaioia. Yoi ia?aie/eoaeueiia oneiaea
iiiyoii. Anee aeiey ainoaea?noaa eee ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe
o i?eia?aoaoaey cia/eoaeueia, i?eaaoecaoeey eae i?aia?aciaaiea a
/anoioth nianoaaiiinoue oa?yao niune. Iauanoaaiiua e aeaaioai?e-
oaeueiua i?aaiecaoeee oaeaea ia yaeythony noauaeoaie /anoiie niano-
aaiiinoe e i?iaeaaea ei eiouanoaa ia ninoaaeo i?eaaoecaoeee..
!!166
A?aaeaeaia eae iieoiaoaee aeieaeiu aunooiaoue io naiaai eiaie. A
oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iie nicaeatho oiaa?euanoaa e aeoeeiia?iua ia-
uanoaa, iieoiaoaeyie noaioo nicaeaiiua eie i?aaei?eyoey.
Iieoiaoaee iiaoo aeaenoaiaaoue /a?ac naieo i?aaenoaaeoaeae e i?e
niaeaenoaee iin?aaeieeia (no. 10 Caeiia i i?eaaoecaoeee). I?aaenoa-
aeoaeue aeaenoaoao ii aeiaa?aiiinoe iieoiaoaey, a iin?aaeiee aac
oaeiaie, eiaaea ii auiieiyao ooieoeee ieacaiey oneoa oaeoe/aneiai
ii?yaeea: ciaeiieony n i?aaeiaoii naeaeee, iiiiaaao iieoiaoaeth a
aa ioi?ieaiee, i?aaenoaaeyao eioi?iaoeeth e o. i.
5. I?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee ia/eiaaony n eieoeeaoeaiuo aeaenoaee
ni noi?iiu i?iaeaaoea, iieoiaoaey, a oaeaea o?aoueeo eeoe e aini?aaiia.
Eieoeeaoeaa iiaeao enoiaeeoue io eiieoaoia ii oi?aaeaieth niioaao-
noaothuei eiouanoaii, ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaei?eyoey, o?oaeiaiai eie-
eaeoeaa i?aaei?eyoey, oeaoa, i?iecaiaenoaa, eiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aae-
i?eyoey, a?aaeaeai e i?aaiecaoeee, eiathueo i?aai auoue iieoiaoaeyie.
O?aaiaaoue ia/aea i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee ai?aaa oaeaea niaaeie-
ee, aaiee, e?aaeeoi?u e i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey.
I?aaiaie oi?iie, i?eaiaeyuae a aeaenoaea i?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee,
e ?anniio?aiea aa aiciiaeiinoe yaeyaony cayaea yoeo noauaeoia a
Aineiieiouanoai ?O eee niioaaonoaothuee eiieoao ii oi?aaeaieth
eiouanoaii iaoeeiiaeueii-ainoaea?noaaiiiai, iaoeeiiaeueii- eee aae-
ieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiiai ia?aciaaiey. Cayaea o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa i?eieiaaony e ?anniio?aieth, anee aa iiaeienaei ia
iaiaa iieiaeiu aai /eaiia, au?aceaoeo aeaeaiea o/anoaiaaoue a
i?eaaoecaoeee iooai nicaeaiey oiaa?euanoaa eee aeoeeiia?iiai ia-
uanoaa. Cayaee ?aaeno?e?othony eiieoaoii eee aai i?aaiaie. ?a-
oaiea i i?eaaoecaoeee (eee ia ioeaca a i?eaaoecaoeee) eie aeieaeii
auoue i?eiyoi a iany/iue n?ie n iiiaioa ?aaeno?aoeee cayaee. Ca-
eiiiaeaoaeue ia aeiioneaao i?e ?aoaiee o/aoa eaeeo-eeai ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, e?iia i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a no. 14 Caeiia i i?eaaoe-
caoeee. Ioeac aiciiaeai oieueei a neo/ayo, anee:
– eeoei, iiaeaaoaa cayaeo a ea/anoaa iieoiaoaey, ia iiaeao auoue
i?eciaii ei ii iioeaai, oeacaiiui a no. 9 Caeiia;
– eiaaony caeiiiaeaoaeueii onoaiiaeaiiia ia?aie/aiea ia i?e-
aaoecaoeeth aeaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey;
– i?aaei?eyoea aeeth/aii a onoaiiaeaiiue Ainoaea?noaaiiie, ?an-
ioaeeeaineie eee ianoiie i?ia?aiiie ia?a/aiue iauaeoia, ia iiae-
eaaeaueo i?eaaoecaoeee;
– oeacaiiia a cayaea i?aaei?eyoea auei i?eaaoece?iaaii ?aiaa.
6. A neo/aa i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee nicaeaaony eiienney
ii i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey e onoaiaaeeaaaony n?ie iiaeaioiaee
ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee. Yoio n?ie ia iiaeao i?aauoaoue o?ao ianyoeaa
ni aeiy iiaea/e cayaee. Ieai i?eaaoecaoeee ii?aaeaeyao niiniau e
n?iee i?eaaoecaoeee; ia/aeueioth oeaio i?aaei?eyoey: aaee/eio on-
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oaaiiai eaieoaea aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa eee oiaa?euanoaa; ?aei-
iaiaeoaioth oi?io ieaoaaea (?an/aoia). A ninoaa ieaia iiaeao aoiaeeoue
i?iaeo aai ?ai?aaiecaoeee, a /anoiinoe aiciiaeiinoue auaeaeaiey aai
iiae?acaeaeaiee a naiinoiyoaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey (n ii?aaeaeaieai eo
onoaaiuo eaieoaeia) eee ?ani?iaeaaeo eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoey. I?e
yoii ia aeiioneaaony neeyiea, i?eniaaeeiaiea i?aaei?eyoey, eeoaiea
aai noaoona th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, ca eneeth/aieai neo/aaa aai eee-
aeaeaoeee n iineaaeothuae i?iaeaaeae aai aeoeaia.
7. Caeii onoaiaaeeaaao i?ioeaaeo?u ?anniio?aiey e niaeaniaaiey
ieaia ia?aae aai ooaa?aeaeaieai. I?iaeo ieaia ninoaaeyaony cayaeoaeai
(cayaeoaeyie). A ninoaa eiiennee aoiaeyo i?aaenoaaeoaee eiieoaoa ii
oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii, ?aaioieee oeiainiauo i?aaiia. I?aaiu
aeanoe, aaeieieno?aoeey i?aaei?eyoey e o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea, a oaeaea
i?aaiu AEAI ?O ai?aaa iai?aaeyoue naieo i?aaenoaaeoaeae a aa ninoaa.
Ieai aeieaeai auoue iai?aaeai ia niaeaniaaiea ianoiie aaeieien-
o?aoeee, a oaeaea o?oaeiaiio eieeaeoeao i?aaei?eyoey. Ieai n/eoaaony
niaeaniaaiiui, anee iie ia i?eiyee a iaaeaeueiue n?ie n iiiaioa
iieo/aiey ieaia ?aoaiee i aai iaeia?aiee eee ioeeiiaiee. Iaaeaeue-
iue n?ie iiaeao auoue i?iaeeai, ii ia aieaa /ai aei aeaoo iaaeaeue. Ieai
i?eaaoecaoeee ooaa?aeaeaaony niioaaonoaothuei eiieoaoii ii oi?aa-
eaieth eiouanoaii.
A neo/aa ioeeiiaiey o?oaeiaui eieeaeoeaii ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee
eiienney iaycaia i?aaeeiaeeoue ae?oaie aa?eaio ieaia. I?e iiaoi?iii
aai ioeeiiaiee ieii/aoaeueiia ?aoaiea i aei?aaioea ieaia, niiniaa
e ii?yaeea inouanoaeaiey i?eaaoecaoeee i?eieiaao niioaaonoaothuay
aaeieieno?aoeey eee oiieiiii/aiiue ath i?aai.
A neo/aa ioeeiiaiey ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey, iaoiaey-
uaainy a nianoaaiiinoe ?O, eiienney iaycaia i?aaeeiaeeoue ae?oaie
aa?eaio ieaia. I?e iiaoi?iii ioeeiiaiee ieaia ieii/aoaeueiia.
?aoaiea i?eieiaao Aineiieiouanoai ?O.
Iinea i?eiyoey ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoea aeeth/aaony
niioaaonoaothuei eiieoaoii a ieai-a?aoee eiieo?nia, aoeoeeiiia,
aeoeeiie?iaaiey. Aicieeaao neiaeiia i?aaiioiioaiea: nianoaaiiee
(ainoaea?noai, ?aaeii) iaycoaony i?iaeaoue i?aaei?eyoea (eee aai eio-
uanoai) niioaaonoaothuei niiniaii eaaeaeiio aeaeathuaio eee i?a-
ia?aciaaoue aai a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai, eee eiui ia?acii, enoiaey
ec onoaiiaeaiiuo ieaiii enoiaeiuo aeaiiuo, a i?aaei?eyoea iaycoaony
aeaenoaiaaoue a niioaaonoaee n oeacaieyie ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee aei
iiiaioa aai eeeaeaeaoeee, eeai ?ai?aaiecaoeee, iinea /aai i?eaaoe-
ce?oaiia i?aaei?eyoea eee aeoeau eeeaeaee?iaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey
ia?aoiaeyo a ?anii?yaeaiea niioaaonoaothuaai i?aaia. A neo/ayo ni-
caeaiey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, o/?aaeaeaaiiai a oaeeo neo/ayo ni-
ioaaonoaothuei eiieoaoii ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii, aeoeee ia-
?aaeathony oiiaeo eiouanoaa.
!!168
8. I?eaaoecaoeey iiaeao auoue inouanoaeaia oaeeie niiniaaie:
– iooai eoiee-i?iaeaaee ii eiieo?no;
– iooai eoiee-i?iaeaaee ia aoeoeeiia;
– iooai aeoeeiie?iaaiey e i?iaeaaee aeoeee;
– iooai aueoia ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a a?aiaeu.
Ia?aua o?e niiniaa (a?aiaea n aueoiii a ianoiyuaa a?aiy ia
i?eiaiyaony, i?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa a?aiaeu i?iaiaeeony oieueei ia
iniiaa ?aiaa caeeth/aiiuo aeiaiai?ia) ecae?athony eiienneae ii
i?eaaoecaoeee n o/aoii iiaiey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa i?aaei?eyoey;
i?aaeeiaeaiey iieoiaoaeae, iiaeaaoeo cayaeo; iniaaiiinoae i?eaa-
oece?oaiiai iauaeoa; ioeaiee aai eaieoaea; nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/an-
eiai cia/aiey i?aaei?eyoey aeey oa??eoi?ee; iiaiey i?aaenoaaeoaey
oiiaea eiouanoaa.
?aoaiea i auai?a niiniaa i?eaaoecaoeee e oi?iu ieaoaaea i?e-
ieiaao Aineiieiouanoai ?O e niioaaonoaothuea eiieoaou ii oi-
?aaeaieth eiouanoaii. ?anniio?ei iineaaeiaaoaeueii yoe niiniau.
A niioaaonoaee n Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee ia
1992 aiae ana i?aaei?eyoey auee ?acaeaeaiu ia o?e a?oiiu:
– iaeeea i?aaei?eyoey ni n?aaeianieni/iie /eneaiiinoueth aieaa
1000 /aeiaae e aaeainiaie noieiinoueth iniiaiuo oiiaeia ia 1 yiaa?y
1992 aiaea iaiaa 1 iei ?oaeae, eioi?ua iiaeeaaeaee i?iaeaaea ia
aoeoeeiia eeai ii eiieo?no;
– i?aaei?eyoey ni n?aaeianieni/iie /eneaiiinoueth aieaa 1000
/aeiaae e aaeainiaie noieiinoueth ia 1 yiaa?y 1992 aiaea aieaa 50
iei ?oaeae, eioi?ua i?eaaoece?iaaeenue ia iniiaa aeoeeiie?iaaiey;
– i?i/ea i?aaei?eyoey (oi anoue iaoiaeyueany a i?iiaaeooi/iii
iaaeaeo aeaiiuie ii /eneaiiinoe ?aaioathueo e noieiinoe), eioi?ua
iiaee auoue i?eaaoece?iaaiu ethaui niiniaii (eiia a?aiaeu), anee
ia auei ?aiaa caeeth/aii oaeiai aeiaiai?a (*1).
4. I?eaaoecaoeey i?aaei?eyoee ia iniiaa
eoiee-i?iaeaaee ii eiieo?no
1. Iiae i?eaaoecaoeeae ii eiieo?no iiieiaaony i?eia?aoaiea o
ainoaea?noaa e ianoiuo i?aaiia aeanoe a?aaeaeaiaie eee th?eaee/aneeie
eeoeaie a /anoioth nianoaaiiinoue iauaeoa i?eaaoecaoeee, eiaaea io
iieoiaoaeae o?aaoaony auiieiaiea ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaee ii ioii-
oaieth e iauaeoo i?eaaoecaoeee (*2). Yoeie oneiaeyie iiaoo auoue
(**1) ?acaeae 5 Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu ia 1992 aiae.
(**2) No. 20 Caeiia i i?eaaoecaoeee, i. 1.3 A?aiaiiiai iieiaeaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee ai-
noaea?noiaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a ?inneeneie oaaea?aoeee ii eiieo?no
(I?eeiaeaiea ? 5 e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y 1992 a.).
!!169
auaeaeiooua i?e i?iaeaaea i?aaei?eyoey oeacaiey i nio?aiaiee (ec-
iaiaiee) i?ioeey i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiiaeaiiii o?iaia ?aaiou iano,
iauaia i?iecaiaeeiuo i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia aeey ianoiiai iio?aaea-
iey, ii iauaiai eiaanoeoeee a i?eia?aoaaiue iauaeo e ae?.
Aeey i?iaeaaee iauaeoia ii eiieo?no oiiaeii eiouanoaa oi?ie-
?oaony n?ieii ia iaeei aiae iinoiyiii aeaenoaothuay eiieo?niay ei-
ienney a ea/anoaa ?aai/aai i?aaia oiiaea. Eiieo?niay eiienney
ii?aaeaeyao oneiaey, ii?yaeie e n?iee i?iaaaeaiey eiieo?na. Iia
i?aaiecoao a niioaaonoaee n onoaiiaeaiiui ii?yaeeii ioaeeeaoeeth
eioi?iaoeee i i?iaeaaaaiuo iauaeoao; i?eieiaao e ?anniao?eaaao
i?aaeeiaeaiey e aeieoiaioaoeeth io iieoiaoaeae; ii?aaeaeyao iiaaaee-
oaey, i?eaeaoaao aai aeey ioi?ieaiey naeaeee e eioi?ie?oao ia-
uanoaaiiinoue ia eoiaao eiieo?na.
A ninoaa eiieo?niie eiiennee aeeth/athony i?aaenoaaeoaee i?i-
aeaaoea, eiieoaoa ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii e oeiainiauo i?aaiia.
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea, AEAI (aai oa??eoi?eaeueiia oi?aaeaiea) ai?a-
aa o/anoaiaaoue a ?aaioa eiieo?niie eiiennee /a?ac naieo i?aaenoa-
aeoaeae.
2. Iaycaoaeueiui oneiaeai eiieo?na yaeyaony ia/aeueiay oeaia
i?eaaoece?oaiiai iauaeoa. Iia ii?aaeaeyaony ia iniiaaiee A?aiai-
iuo iaoiaee/aneeo oeacaiee ii ioeaiea noieiinoe iauaeoia i?eaa-
oecaoeee (*1). Iacaaiiue aeo niaea?aeeo oeacaiey i ii?yaeea ioeaiee
iauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeee ii a?oiiai eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia (caeaiey
e nii?oaeaiey; iaoeiu, iai?oaeiaaiea e ae?oaea iniiaiua n?aaenoaa;
aeieain?i/iua oeiainiaua aeiaeaiey; iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau e ae?.).
Ia iniiaa iieo/aiiuo iaoa?eaeia eiieo?niay eiienney ninoaa-
eyao eioi?iaoeeiiiia niiauaiea ii iauaeoai, iiaeeaaeauei i?iaea-
aea, e i?aaiecoao aai ioaeeeaoeeth a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee e a onoa-
iiaeaiiuo i?aaiao ioaeeeaoeee (*2). Yoi niiauaiea niaea?aeeo naaaeaiey
i ia/aeueiie oeaia iauaeoa i?eaaoecaoeee; oi?ia ieaoaaea e oneiaeyo
i?aaeinoaaeyaiie ?ann?i/ee, anee iia i?aaeoniio?aia i?iaeaaoeii:
ii?yaeea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai iciaeiieaiey o/anoieea eiieo?na n i?i-
aeaaaaiui iauaeoii; ieii/aoaeueiue n?ie i?eaia cayaie: noiia ca-
eiaa a ?acia?a 10 i?ioeaioia io ia/aeueiie oeaiu iauaeoa e ?an/aoiue
n/ao, ia eioi?ue ii aeieaeai auoue ia?a/eneai; aeaoa, a?aiy e ianoi
ane?uoey eiiaa?oia n i?aaeeiaeaieyie o/anoieeia; oneiaey eiieo?na
e e?eoa?ee auyaeaiey iiaaaeeoaey.
I?e i?iaeaaea ii eiieo?no i?aaei?eyoey aeiiieieoaeueii oeacuaa-
thony naaaeaiey, oa?aeoa?ecothuea ana noi?iiu aai ?aaiou (ni. i. 2.11
A?aiaiiiai iieiaeaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee ii eiieo?no) ii oi?ia,
ii?aaeaeyaiie i?iaeaaoeii.
(**1) I?eeiaeaiea ? 2 e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y 1992a.
(**2) I. 2.10 A?aiaiiuo iieiaeaiee i i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee ii eiieo?no.
!!170 Oaia VI. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea e i?eaaoecaoeey
N iiiaioa iioaeeeiaaiey eioi?iaoeeiiiiai niiauaiey anai
th?eaee/aneei e oece/aneei eeoeai i?aaeinoaaeyaony aiciiaeiinoue
i?aaeaa?eoaeueii iciaeiieoueny n iauaeoaie i?eaaoecaoeee. Ca i?e-
aeaoaiey aeey iciaeiieaiey onoaiaaeeaaaony ieaoa a ?acia?a aei
500 ?oaeae.
3. Aeey o/anoey a eiieo?na a aae?an eiieo?niie eiiennee aeieaeia
auoue naiaa?aiaiii i?aaenoaaeaia cayaea, i?aaeeiaeaiey ii oneiaeyi
eiieo?na, aeieoiaio i aianaiee caeiaa, a th?eaee/aneei eeoeai naa?o
oiai – caaa?aiiua iioa?eaeueii eee i?aaiii, inouanoaeaoei ?a-
aeno?aoeeth i?aaei?eyoey, eiiee o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieoiaioia.
Iinea iieo/aiey yoeo aeieoiaioia cayaeoaeth iai?aaeyaony ienue-
iaiiia oaaaeiieaiea ia o/anoee aai a eiieo?na n oeacaieai aeaou
?aaeno?aoeee aai cayaee. Ii noaiiaeony o/anoieeii eiieo?na e iiaeao
ioicaaoue naia i?aaeeiaeaiea aei onoaiiaeaiiiai n?iea i?iaaaeaiey
eiieo?na. A yoii neo/aa ii ai?aaa iieo/eoue ia?aoii noiio caeiaa.
N iiiaioa iioaeeeiaaiey eioi?iaoeeiiiiai niiauaiey i eiieo?na
aei aai ieii/aiey o/anoieee ia aeieaeiu iaiaieaaoueny eioi?iaoeeae
eee ?acaeaoaoue eioi?iaoeeth i iiaeaaaaiuo eie i?aaeeiaeaieyo,
eia/a iie n/eoathony a?oauie ia?ooeoaeyie i?aaee eiieo?na.
4. I?aaeeiaeaiey iieoiaoaeae ?anniao?eaathony eiienneae, enoi-
aey ec onoaiiaeaiiuo oneiaee eiieo?na e e?eoa?eaa ii?aaeaeaiey
iiaaaeeoaey. Iiaaaeeoaeai i?eciaaony oio, eoi auiieieo oneiaey
eiieo?na e i?aaeeiaeeo i?e yoii iaeaunooth oeaio. Anee oaeeo o/an-
oieeia ieaaeaony aeaia, iiaaaeeoaeai i?eciaaony oio, eoi iiaeae cayaeo
?aiaa. Anee e yoi ia i?eaiaeeo e aai auyaeaieth, iiaaaeeoaeue ii?a-
aeaeyaony ii ae?aaeth.
A eoiaiaii i?ioieiea a onoaiiaeaiiue aeaiue ane?uoey eiiaa?oia
io?aaeaaony caeeth/aiea eiieo?niie eiiennee, a eioi?ii oeacuaa-
aony:
– iaeiaiiaaiea iauaeoa i?eaaoecaoeee;
– ninoaa eiieo?niie eiiennee;
– naaaeaiey ia o/anoieeao eiieo?na;
– i?aaeeiaeaiey o/anoieeia eiieo?na;
– ienueiaiiua caeeth/aiey /eaiia eiieo?niie eiiennee n iain-
iiaaieai auai?a;
– iaeiaiiaaiea iiaaaeeoaey eiieo?na;
– oeaia i?eia?aoaiey iauaeoa, oi?ia ieaoaaea.
Yoio i?ioieie e aeieoiaiou i?aaenoaaeythony ia ooaa?aeaeaiea
i?iaeaaoeo. Eiieo?n iauyaeyaony ianinoiyaoeiny, anee a eiienneth
iinooieei ia aieaa iaeiiai i?aaeeiaeaiey, oaeiaeaoai?ythuaai anai
oneiaeyi eiieo?na, a oaeaea anee oeaia iieoiee nieceeanue ii n?aa-
iaieth n ia/aeueiie oeaiie aieaa /ai ia 30 i?ioeaioia.
A yoii neo/aa eiieoao, eioi?iio aica?auathony aeieoiaiou, iay-
cai a iany/iue n?ie ia?aniio?aoue ieai i?eaaoecaoeee iauaeoa.
!!171
?acoeueoaou eiieo?na iiaoo auoue ii?ioanoiaaiu a oa/aiea 30 aeiae.
A oa/aiea 30 aeiae i?iaeaaaoe .a iaycaoaeueiii ii?yaeea ioaeeeoao
eioi?iaoeeth ia eoiaao eiieo?na a ianoiie ia/aoe e eioi?iaoee-
iiiii atheeaoaia oiiaea eiouanoaa (i?iaeaaoea).
5. Ioi?ieaiea i?aa nianoaaiiinoe ia i?eaaoece?iaaiiue iauaeo
aeieaeii auoue i?iecaaaeaii ia iicaeiaa 30 aeiae iinea ioi?aaeaiey
i?iaeaaoeii ienueia iiaaaeeoaeth eiieo?na. A caeeth/aaiii aeiaiai?a
eoiee-i?iaeaaee ii eoiaai eiieo?na oeacuaathony iniiaiua oa?ae-
oa?enoeee iauaeoa (iaeiaiiaaiea, oeaia, ii?yaeie eniieueciaaiey
caiaeueiiai o/anoea), naaaeaiey i noi?iiao, ii?yaeie ia?aaea/e iauaeoa
e n?iee ieaoaaea, acaeiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa noi?ii ii aeaeueiaeoaio
eniieueciaaieth iauaeoa, oneiaey, ia eioi?uo aue i?iaeai iauaeo,
ae?oaea oneiaey.
A neo/aa, anee iieoiaoaeue ia oieaoeo aeaiueae a onoaiiaeaiiue
n?ie, aeiaiai? eoiee-i?iaeaaee i?ae?auaaony, a noiia aeaiaa, aianaiiay
a ea/anoaa caeiaa, ia aica?auaaony. I?aai i?eia?aoaiey i?e yoii
ia?aoiaeeo e o/anoieeo eiieo?na, i?aaeeiaeeaoaio i?aaeuaeouoth oeaio.
I?e i?eia?aoaiee iauaeoa noiia caeiaa aeeth/aaony a n/ao iieaou
ii aeiaiai?o. Anai inoaeueiui o/anoieeai eiieo?na noiia caeiaa
aica?auaaony a oa/aiea 10 aeiae ni aeiy iauyaeaiey ?acoeueoaoia
eiieo?na.
I?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia?aoiaeeo io i?iaeaaoea iieoiaoaeth n ii-
iaioa ?aaeno?aoeee aeiaiai?a a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea. I?i-
aeaaaoe ia?aaeaao iieoiaoaeth naeaeaoaeuenoai i nianoaaiiinoe.
I?e iaauiieiaiee oneiaee aeiaiai?a iieoiaoaeai (a oii /enea
e ii i?aaeeiaeaiiui ia eiieo?na oneiaeyi) i?iaeaaaoe iiaeao iinoaaeoue
a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea aii?in i iiioaeaeaiee iieoiaoaey e ?aaeueiiio
eniieiaieth iaycaoaeuenoaa, a oaeaea ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?e/eiaiiua
oauoee.
6. I?e i?iaeaaea ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee
(a oaeaea eiouanoaa eeeaeaee?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee) ii eiieo?no
oiaa?euanoao (aeoeeiia?iiio iauanoao), nicaeaiiiio ?aaioieeaie
i?aaei?eyoey e aeeth/athuaio ia iaiaa iaeiie o?aoe nieni/iiai
ninoaaa ?aaioieeia i?eaaoece?oaiiai i?aaei?eyoey (iiae?acaeaeaiey),
i?e aai iieoiea i?aaeinoaaeythony eueaiou: neeaeea n i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu
a ?acia?a 30 i?ioeaioia, ?ann?i/ea ieaoaaea ia n?ie aei o?ao eao.
Anee ?aaioieee i?eaaoece?oaiiai i?aaei?eyoey ia noaiiayony
aai i?eia?aoaoaeyie, iie iieo/atho aei 20 i?ioeaioia io i?iaeaaeiie
oeaiu iauaeoa, ii ia aieaa 15 ieieiaeueiuo ?acia?ia iany/iie
iieaou o?oaea a ?an/aoa ia iaeiiai ?aaioieea.
I?e i?iaeaaea eiouanoaa eeeaeaee?iaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey auiea-
/eaaaony aei 30 i?ioeaioia io i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu, ii ia aieaa 20
ieieiaeueiuo ?acia?ia iany/iie iieaou o?oaea a ?an/aoa ia iaeiiai
?aaioieea.
!!172
5. ‘I?eaaoecaoeey i?aaei?eyoee ia iniiaa aoeoeeiia
1. I?iaeaaea i?aaei?eyoey e ae?oaiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai e ioie-
oeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa ia aoeoeeiia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie i?inoae-
oee niinia i?eaaoecaoeee. Io iieoiaoaey ia o?aaoaony auiieiaiey
ieeaeeo oneiaee. Ii aeieaeai a oiaea oi?aia i?aaeeiaeeoue iaene-
iaeueioth oeaio, e oiaaea aio ia?aaeaaony i?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia
i?iaeaaaaiue iauaeo. Iniiaiia ?aaoee?iaaiea i?eaaoecaoeee aeai-
iui niiniaii a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii i i?eaaoecaoeee e Aino-
aea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee nin?aaeioi/aii ai A?aiai-
iii Iieiaeaiee i i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo
i?aaei?eyoee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia aoeoeeiia, eioi?ia aeaii
a ea/anoaa i?eeiaeaiey ? 4 e Oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y
1992 a.
Aoeoeeiiu auaatho aeaoo aeaeia: ioe?uoua e cae?uoua (cae?uoue
oaiaea?). Ioe?uoue (i?iaiaeeiue aeanii e ioaee/ii) aoeoeeii en-
iieuecoaony, eae i?aaeei, i?e i?iaeaaea aeoeaia eeeaeaee?iaaiiiai
i?aaei?eyoey, iaaieueoeo i?aaei?eyoee, aeoeee aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa.
Cae?uoue aoeoeeii, i?iaiaeeiue iinoiyiii aeaenoaothuae oaiaea?iie
eiienneae (aa ninoaa ooaa?aeaeaaony niioaaonoaothuei eiieoaoii ii
oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii) a oi?ia eiieo?na cae?uouo cayaie, i?e-
iaiyaony, eae i?aaeei, aeey i?iaeaaee e?oiiuo (ni. o?aoueth a?oiio
i?aaei?eyoee a eeanneoeeaoeee ia n. 177 ) i?aaei?eyoee e iaeaoia
aeoeee aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa.
2. Aeey i?aaiecaoeee aoeoeeiia eiieoao ii oi?aaeaieth eiouan-
oaii ia?aaeaao oiiaeo eiouanoaa, yaeythuaiony i?iaeaaoeii:
– naeaeaoaeuenoai i i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia i?eaaoece?oaiue iau-
aeo;
– ieai i?eaaoecaoeee n ?aoaieai i i?eaaoecaoeee iauaeoa ia
aoeoeeiia, aeaiiuie ia ioeaiea eiouanoaa e ae?oaie eioi?iaoeeae i
i?eaaoece?oaiii iauaeoa;
– i?iaeo eioi?iaoeeiiiiai niiauaiey i i?iaaaeaiee aoeoeeiia;
– iaoa?eaeu eeeaeaeaoeeiiiie eiiennee i?e i?iaeaaea aeoeaia
eeeaeaee?iaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey.
Ia iniiaa yoeo aeaiiuo i?iaeaaaoe ninoaaeyao eioi?iaoeeiiiia
niiauaiea ia iauaeoa, i?aaeeaaaaiii aeey i?iaeaaee, e i?aaiecoao aai
ioaeeeaoeeth a ianoiie ia/aoe e niaoeeaeueiuo eioi?iaoeeiiiuo
atheeaoaiyo ia iicaea /ai ca 3 iaaeaee aei iauyaeaiiie aeaou aoeoeeiia.
Yoi eioi?iaoeeiiiia niiauaiea niaea?aeeo naaaeaiey, en/a?iuaath-
uei ia?acii oa?aeoa?ecothuea i?iaeaaaaiue iauaeo, oi?io i?iaa-
aeaiey aoeoeeiia, ia/aeueioth oeaio i?iaeaaee, oi?io ieaoaaea, oneiaey
i?aaeinoaaeaiey ?ann?i/ee, ii?yaeie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai iciaeiieaiey
n iauaeoii, ieii/aoaeueiue n?ie i?eaia cayaie, oeacaiea i noiia
!!173
caeiaa (10 i?ioeaioia ia/aeueiie oeaiu), aeaoo, a?aiy e ianoi i?iaa-
aeaiey aoeoeeiia, ae?oaea oneiaey.
3. E o/anoeth a aoeoeeiia aeiioneathony th?eaee/aneea e oece/aneea
eeoea, naiaa?aiaiii i?aaenoaaeaoea cayaeo, ae?oaea iaiaoiaeeiua aei-
eoiaiou, e aianoea caeiaiaoth noiio.
Aeey o/anoey a ioe?uoii aoeoeeiia aai o/anoieeo auaeaaony aeeao.
O/anoieeo cae?uoiai oaiaea?a aunueaaony ienueiaiiia oaaaeiieaiea
i iieo/aiee cayaee n oeacaieai aeaou ?aaeno?aoeee. Cayaeoaeth iiaeao
auoue ioeacaii a o/anoee ia aoeoeeiia, anee iiaeaaoee cayaeo ia
iiaeao auoue iieoiaoaeai, eee ii ia i?aaenoaaee iaycaoaeueiuo aei-
eoiaioia.
Ioe?uoue aoeoeeii i?iaiaeeo aoeoeeiieno, iaiyoue i?iaeaaoeii.
Oi?ae i?iaiaeyony aei i?aaeeiaeaiey iaeaunoae oeaiu a ii?yaeea iin-
eaaeiaaoaeueiiai iiauoaiey (nieaeaiey) oeai. Iiaaaeeoaeai i?ecia-
aony iieoiaoaeue, i?aaeeiaeeaoee iaeaunooth oeaio. Iaeiaei, anee
iinea o?iae?aoiiai iauyaeaiey ia/aeueiie oeaiu ie iaeei ec iieo-
iaoaeae ia naeaeae cayaee (ia iiaeiye aeeao), aoeoeeii i?eciaaony
ianinoiyaoeiny.
Cae?uoue aoeoeeii i?iaiaeeony iooai ?anniio?aiey cayaie e
auyaeaiey iieoiaoaey, i?aaeeiaeeaoaai iaeaunooth oeaio.
Iiaaaeeoaeue aoeoeeiia aeieaeai a oa/aiea onoaiiaeaiiiai n?iea
iiaeienaoue i?ioieie i ?acoeueoaoa aoeoeeiia. Anee iiaaaeeoaeue a oa-
/aiea 10 aeiae ia iiaeienae i?ioieiea, aianaiiue caeia aio ia
aica?auaaony, a ?acoeueoaou aoeoeeiia aiioee?othony. I?e i?iaaaea-
iee cae?uoiai oaiaea?a i?aai ia i?eia?aoaiea iauaeoa i?eia?aoaao
o/anoiee, i?aaeeiaeeaoee i?aaeuaeouoth oeaio. Anee e ii ioeacuaaaony
io iiaeienaiey i?ioieiea, ?acoeueoaou oaiaea?a aiioee?othony.
Iinea iiaeienaiey i?ioieiea a oa/aiea 30 aeiae aeieaeai auoue
iiaeienai aeiaiai? eoiee-i?iaeaaee, a eioi?ii ia?yaeo n oneiaeyie
aeiaiai?a ia iauaeoa i?iaeaaoeii e iieoiaoaeai iiaeienuaathony oaeaea
oneiaey i oi?iao e n?ieao ieaoaaea. Anee iieoiaoaeue ia ia?aaaaeao
onoaiiaeaiioth noiio a ii?aaeaeaiiua aeiaiai?ii n?iee, aeiaiai?
eoiee-i?iaeaaee aiioee?oaony, a noiia caeiaa ia aica?auaaony.
I?e i?iaaaeaiee cae?uoiai oaiaea?a i?aai ia i?eia?aoaiea iauaeoa
a yoii neo/aa aiiaue iieo/aao o/anoiee, i?aaeeiaeeaoee iaeaunooth
oeaio. Anee e ii ioeacuaaaony iiaeienaoue aeiaiai?, ?acoeueoaou oaiaea?a
aiioee?othony.
4. A niioaaonoaee n onoaiiaeaiiuie n?ieaie e oi?iie ieaoaaea
iieoiaoaeue iaycai ia?aaanoe ia ?an/aoiue n/ao i?iaeaaoea eee aianoe
iaee/iuie onoaiiaeaiioth aeiaiai?ii noiio. A neo/aa, anee iieo-
iaoaeue ia ia?aaaaeao eee ia aianao aa a oeacaiiua n?iee, aeiaiai?
eoiee-i?iaeaaee ?anoi?aaaony, a noiia caeiaa ia aica?auaaony.
I?e i?iaaaeaiee cae?uoiai oaiaea?a i?aai ia i?eia?aoaiea iauaeoa
iieo/aao o/anoiee, i?aaeeiaeeaoee i?aaeuaeouoth oeaio. Anee e ii
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ioeacuaaaony io iiaeienaiey aeiaiai?a, ?acoeueoaou cae?uoiai oaiaea?a
aiioee?othony.
I?e aianaiee iieoiaoaeai ieaoaaeae noiia caeiaa can/eouaaaony
a ieaoaaee ii aeaiiie naeaeea. Anai inoaeueiui o/anoieeai aoeoeeiia
caeia aica?auaaony a oa/aiea 10 aeiae n iiiaioa iiaeienaiey i?i-
oieiea i ?acoeueoaoao aoeoeeiia.
I?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia?aoiaeeo e iieoiaoaeth n iiiaioa ?aaen-
o?aoeee aeiaiai?a a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea, iinea /aai i?iaeaaaoe
ia?aaeaao iieoiaoaeth naeaeaoaeuenoai i i?aaa .nianoaaiiinoe.
5. I?e i?iaeaaea eiouanoaa ia aoeoeeiia ?aaioieee i?iaeaaaaiiai
i?aaei?eyoey aeey o/anoey a i?eia?aoaiee i?aaei?eyoey iiaoo nicaea-
aaoue oiaa?euanoai (aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai) eee caeeth/eoue aeiaiai?
i niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Anee oaeia iauaaeeiaiea ?aaioieeia
ninoaaeyao ia iaiaa o?aoe nieni/iiai ninoaaa, iii iieo/aao eueaiou
ii ?ann?i/ea ieaoaaea, ii aiciiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey niioaaonoaai-
iie /anoe n?aaenoa yeiiiie/aneiai noeioee?iaaiey, a oaeaea i?a-
eiouanoai a i?eia?aoaiee i?aaei?eyoey i?e i?i/eo ?aaiuo onei-
aeyo. I?i/ea ?aaioieee, ia iieo/eaoea i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe a
?acoeueoaoa aoeoeeiia, iieo/atho aei 30 i?ioeaioia io i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu
iauaeoa, ii ia aieaa /ai 20 ieieiaeueiuo ?acia?ia iany/iie iieaou
o?oaea (*1).
6. I?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa i?aia?aciaaiey
ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee
a ioe?uoua aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa
1. Yoio niinia i?eaaoecaoeee eanaaony iaeaieaa e?oiiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee (ni. i. 5.2 Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee ia
1992 a., a oaeaea i. 7 Oeaca I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y 1992 a.
). Iiieii Caeiia i i?eaaoecaoeee ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee a
oaeii i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee inouanoaeyaony Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?i-
a?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee, Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29 yiaa?y 1992 a.
caieyie; Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a. ? 721
onoaaii aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia; iinoaiiaeaieai
(**1) I. 5.5 Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee ia 1992 aiae.
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I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 4 aaaonoa 1992 a. ? 547 , i?eiyoui yoei
iinoaiiaeaieai Oeiiaui ieaiii i?eaaoecaoeee; iaeioi?uie ae?o-
aeie aeoaie iiaecaeiiiiai oa?aeoa?a. Ia aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa,
nicaeaiiua iooai i?eaaoecaoeee, ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony aeaenoaea Iie-
iaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai
Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea, a oie /anoe,
aaea iii i?ioeai?a/eo Oeiiaiio onoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiiio Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a. Ia auione aeoeeiia?iui iauan-
oaii, nicaeaiiui a ii?yaeea i?eaaoecaoeee, aeoeee e na?oeoeeaoia
ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony Iieiaeaiea i auionea e ia?auaiee oeaiiuo
aoiaa e oiiaeiauo ae?aeao a ?NON?, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 28 aeaeaa?y 1991 aiaea (*1).
2. I?ioeann i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoee ?anniao?eaaaiui niini-
aii ia/eiaaony n o/?aaeaeaiey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa Aineiieio-
uanoaii ?O, aai oa??eoi?eaeueiui aaaionoaii eee eiieoaoii ii
oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii niioaaonoaothuae ?anioaeeee, e?ay, ia-
eanoe e ae?. O/?aaeeoaeue a niioaaonoaee ni no. 34 Caeiia i?aaenoaaeyao niioaao-
noaothuae aaeieieno?aoeee ii ianoo ?aniieiaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey ?a-
oaiea ia o/?aaeaeaiee aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa ia iniiaaiee
i?eiyoiai ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee. Iinea ?aaeno?aoeee aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa eiieoao ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii ia?aaeaao i?aaa o/-
?aaeeoaey e iaeao aeoeee a niioaaonoaothuee oiiae eiouanoaa.
Neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, /oi a niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O
io 1 ethey 1992 a. ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey, iiaeiaaeathuea iiae
aai aeaenoaea, auee i?aia?aciaaiu a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa e eo
onoaau ?ac?aaioaiu a niioaaonoaee n Oeiiaui onoaaii, ooaa?aeaeai-
iui aeaiiui oeacii. Eo i?eaaoecaoeey inouanoaeyeanue iniaui ia-
?acii, oi anoue ieai i?eaaoecaoeee e aeayoaeueiinoue eiiennee ia
i?aaeoanoaiaaee o/?aaeaeaieth aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, a iaiai?io,
i?eaaoecaoeey ia/eiaeanue n o/?aaeaeaiey aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa,
iinea /aai (eee ia?aeeaeueii yoiio) ieaiu i?eaaoecaoeee ?aaeeci-
auaaee ia oaeeo i?aaei?eyoeyo ?aai/ea eiiennee ii i?eaaoecaoeee,
nicaeaaaaiua ia i?aaei?eyoeyo ii ?aoaieth ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaei?e-
yoey (eee o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa, eiaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ia inouanoaee
naiaai i?aaa a naieaeiaaiue n?ie iinea anooieaiey a neeo Oeaca io
1 ethey 1992 a.).
A oa/aiea iyoiaaeoeaoe aeiae iinea ?aaeno?aoeee aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa o?oaeiaie eieeaeoea iaycai i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i aa?eaioa
i?aia?aciaaiey, n eioi?ui naycaii ?ani?aaeaeaiea aeoeee iau/iuo
(**1) I. 14 Iieiaeaiey i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee, ooaa?ae-
aeaiiiai Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a.
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e i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo (niioaaonoaaiii oeia e oeia ) a ae-
oeeiia?iii iauanoaa. Ainoaea?noaaiiay ?aaeno?aoeey auiouaiiuo a
oaeeo neo/ayo aeoeee, i?iecaiaeeeanue ieienoa?noaaie oeiainia oa-
aea?aoeee, ?anioaeee, aoiaeyueo a iaa, oeiainiauie oi?aaeaieyie
(ioaeaeaie) ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey o/?aaeeoaey. I?aia?aciaaiea e
iineaaeothuaa oi?aaeaiea aeaeaie aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa no?ieony
a aeaeueiaeoai enoiaey ec i?eiyoiai aa?eaioa. I?iaeaaea aeoeee Oiiaeii
eiouanoaa inouanoaeyaony oaeaea niia?acii i?eiyoiio aa?eaioo.
3. Aeayoaeueiinoue ?aai/eo eiiennee ii i?eaaoecaoeee ia i?aae-
i?eyoeyo iai?aaeaia ia i?aaiecaoeeth nia?aiey o?oaeiaiai eieeae-
oeaa aeey auai?a aa?eaioa i?aia?aciaaiey i?aaei?eyoey e iieo/aiey
eueaio, ?ac?aaioeo ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee a niioaaonoaee n ?acaeaeaie
Oeiiaiai ieaia e niaeaniaaiea aai n /eaiaie o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa.
Eiienney ninoaaeyao e iiaeienuaaao aeo ioeaiee eiouanoaa ii ni-
noiyieth ia 1 ethey 1992a.eii?aaeaeyaoaaee/eioonoaaiiaieaieoaea.
I?e yoii A?aiaiiua iaoiaee/aneea oeacaiey ii ioeaiea noieiinoe
iauaeoa i?eaaoecaoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiua Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 29
yiaa?y 1992 a., i?eiaiythony n ecuyoeai aeaenoaey ioieoia, eanath-
ueony iaiaoiaeeiinoe iieiie eiaaioa?ecaoeee, iineieueeo n iiiaioa
?aaeno?aoeee aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa aeoeau e ianneau i?aaei?eyoey
(a a neo/ayo aeoeeiie?iaaiey iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey – aai
aeoeau e ianneau a i?aaeaeao, onoaiiaeaiiuo ?aoaieai niioaaono-
aothuaai eiieoaoa ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii) i?eieiathony ae-
oeeiia?iui iauanoaii ii ninoiyieth ia 1 ethey 1992 a (*1) . Eiienney
?ac?aaaouaaao onoaa aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa a niioaaonoaee n Oe-
iiaui onoaaii aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa, o/?aaeaeaaiuo a niioaaonoaee
n Oeacii io 1 ethey 1992 a.
4. ?aaeecaoeey i?eaaoecaoeee ia iniiaa nicaeaiey aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia inouanoaeyaony iooai i?iaeaaee aeoeee.
Ii?yaeie i?iaeaaee yoeo aeoeee, eae oaea aiai?eeinue, naycai n iaeiei
ec aa?eaioia i?aia?aciaaiey, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo Ainoaea?noaaiiie
i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee. Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a.,
Oeiiaui ieaiii i?eaaoecaoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiui iinoaiiaeaieai
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 4 aaaonoa 1992 a. ? 547.
A niioaaonoaee n yoeie aeoaie iaia/athony a iniiaiii o?e
ii?yaeea i?iaeaaee aeoeee e auoaeathuea ec iaai iniaaiiinoe aeayoaeue-
iinoe i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
I?e eca?aiee aa?eaioa 1 anai /eaiai o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa
i?eaaoece?oaiiai i?aaei?eyoey aacaiciacaeii ia?aaeathony eiai-
iua i?eaeeaae?iaaiiua (iaaieinothuea) aeoeee, ninoaaeythuea
(**1) Ni.: i. 5.1 e i. 10 ?acae. 1 Iieiaeaiey i eiiia?oeeaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee n iaeiia?aiaiiui i?aia?aciaaieai a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia,
ooaa?aeaeaiiiai Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 a.
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25 i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai eaieoaea (ii ia aieaa 20 ieieiaeueiuo
?acia?ia iany/iie iieaou o?oaea a ?an/aoa ia iaeiiai ?aaioath-
uaai). *eaiai o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa i?iaeaaony oaeaea aei 10 i?i-
oeaioia io onoaaiiai eaieoaea iaueiiaaiiuo aeoeee
A ?anniao?eaaaiii aa?eaioa auioneathony oaeaea i?eaeeaae?iaai-
iua aeoeee oeia , eioi?ua auioneathony a n/ao aeiee onoaaiiai
eaieoaea, aea?aeaoaeai eioi?ie yaeyaony Oiiae eiouanoaa. Naia-
ia?acea yoeo i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo aeoeee iaieo oeiia ninoieo a oii,
/oi:
a) iie aeatho i?aai i?enoonoaey ia nia?aieyo aeoeeiia?ia n niaa-
uaoaeueiui aieinii; (aeaaeaeueoeu aeoeee oeia eiatho i?aai ?a-
oathuaai aieina oieueei a neo/ayo, eiaaea eciaiaiea eee aeiiieiaiea
onoaaa cao?aaeaaao eo eioa?anu, oaeia ?aoaiea aeieaeii auoue iaeia?aii
aeaaeaeueoeaie aeoeee oeia ia iaiaa /ai aeaoiy o?aoyie aieinia
aeaaeaeueoeaa yoeo aeoeee);
a) aeaaeaeueoeu aeoeee oeia eiatho i?aai ia aeeaeaeaiae a
?acia?a 10 i?ioeaioia /enoie i?eauee, ?acaeaeaiiie ia /enei
aeoeee) ninoaaeythueo 25 i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai eaieoaea, ii eoiaai
iineaaeiaai oeiainiaiai aiaea; i?e yoii, anee noiia aeeaeaeaiaeia
ii iaueiiaaiiui aeoeeyi a aeaiiii aiaeo i?aauoaao oeacaiiua
?acia?u, ?acia? aeeaeaeaiaeia ii aeoeeyi oeia aeieaeai auoue
iiauoai aei ?acia?a aeeaeaeaiaeia, auiea/eaaaiuo ii iaueiiaai-
iui aeoeeyi;
a) aeaaeaeueoeu aeoeee oeia eiatho i?aai ia iieo/aiea aaea-
aiaeiiai oeene?iaaiiiai aeeaeaeaiaea; ?acia? aai ninoaaeyao 5 i?ioeai-
oia /enoie i?eauee, aeaeaiiie ia /enei aeoeee, ninoaaeythueo 25
i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai eaieoaea. Aeaenoaoao oi aea i?aaeei ia oaaee-
/aiee aeeaeaeaiaeia, eiaaea ii iaueiiaaiiie aeoeee auiea/eaaaony
aieueoa, /ai ii i?eaeeaae?iaaiiui; aeoeee oeia e oeia
iiaoo auoue i?iaeaiu aac niaeaney ae?oaeo aeoeeiia?ia;
!!178
a) i?eaeeaae?iaaiiua aeoeee oeia i?e i?iaeaaea eo oiiaeii
eiiaa?oe?othony a yoio iiiaio a iaueiiaaiiua.
Ii aa?eaioo 2 anai eeaiai o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa i?aaeinoaa-
eyaony i?aai i?eia?aoaiey iaueiiaaiiuo (aieinothueo) aeoeee a
?acia?a 51 i?ioeaioa io aaee/eiu onoaaiiai eaieoaea aac eaeeo-
eeai eueaio. I?iaeaaeiay oeaia aeoeee ii?aaeaeyaony a niioaaonoaee n
iieiaeaieai, ooaa?aeaeaiiui Aineiieiouanoaii ?O. A yoii neo/aa
aacaiciacaeiay ia?aaea/a aeoeee e i?iaeaaea aeoeee ia eueaioiuo on-
eiaeyo eneeth/aaony.
Aeaiiue aa?eaio, n iaeiie noi?iiu, aeaao aiciiaeiinoue o?oaeiaiio
eieeaeoeao nio?aieoue i?aai ia oi?aaeaiea i?aaei?eyoeai, ii, n
ae?oaie e?aeia cao?oaeiyao i?eia?aoaiea oaeiai i?aaa. Iinoaiiaea
aii?ina i i?eaaoecaoeee ia aaca aoi?iai aa?eaioa icia/aao neaioe-
/aneia ioiioaiea Aini?ia?aiiu e aeaiiiio aa?eaioo.
Ii aa?eaioo 3 i?aaeii/oaiea n?aco ioaeaaony i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
eieoeeaoeaa a?oiiu /anoiuo nianoaaiieeia, ii ia?aae iae noaayony
caaea/e ioaaonoaaiiiai ?aoaiey caaea/ iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiie
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
Anee a?oiia ?aaioieeia i?aaei?eyoey aa?ao ia naay ioaaonoaai-
iinoue ca auiieiaiea ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee, iaaeiiouaiey aai aaie-
?ionoaa e iieo/aao niaeanea iauaai nia?aiey o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa
ia caeeth/aiea niioaaonoaothuaai aeiaiai?a, oi /eaiai oaeie a?oiiu
i?aaeinoaaeyaony ii enoa/aiee aiaee/iiai n?iea aeaenoaey aeiaiai?a i
auiieiaiee auaeaeioouo o?aaiaaiee i?aai ia i?eia?aoaiea 20 i?i-
oeaioia (*1) io onoaaiiai eaieoaea iaueiiaaiiuo aeoeee ii eo iiie-
iaeueiie noieiinoe. I?e iaauiieiaiee oneiaee aeiaiai?a yoe eueaiou
(iioeeii) oo?a/eaathony e aeoeee iinooiatho a i?iaeaaeo. Ia ia?eiae
aeaenoaey aeiaiai?a oeacaiiie a?oiia ia?aaeaaony i?aai ia aieiniaaiea
20 i?ioeaioaie aieinothueo aeoeee, i?eiaaeeaaeaueo niioaaonoaoth-
uaio Oiiaeo eiouanoaa. A aeiaiai?a iaiaa?eaathony iaycaoaeuenoaa
/eaiia a?oiiu e i?aaeaeu eo iaoa?eaeueiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe eio-
uanoaii (aiineiui a aeaea caeiaa) ia noiio ia iaiaa 200 ieie-
iaeueiuo ?acia?ia iany/iie iieaou o?oaea a ?an/aoa ia eaaeaeiai
/eaia a?oiiu.
Anai ?aaioieeai i?aaei?eyoey i?e yoii i?iaeathony iaueiiaaiiua
aeoeee, ninoaaeythuea 20 i?ioeaioia aaee/eiu onoaaiiai eaieoaea,
ii ia noiio ia aieaa 20 ieieiaeueiuo ?acia?ia iany/iie iieaou
o?oaea a ?an/aoa ia iaeiiai ?aaioieea ni neeaeeie 30 i?ioeaioia io eo
iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe e n i?aaeinoaaeaieai ?ann?i/ee ia o?e aiaea.
I?e yoii aaee/eia ia?aiia/aeueiiai aciina ia iiaeao .auoue iaiaa
15 i?ioeaioia iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe aeoeee. Yoio aa?eaio i?eia-
iyaony oieueei ia i?aaei?eyoeyo n /eneaiiinoueth ?aaioieeia aieaa
(**1) Ii iiaie i?ia?aiia 30% onoaaiiai eaieoaea.
!!179
200 /aeiaae e aaeainiaie noieiinoueth iniiaiuo oiiaeia io 1 aei 50
iei ?oaeae.
Auai? aoi?iai e o?aoueaai aa?eaioia i?eaaoecaoeee inouanoaeyaony
eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiui aieueoeinoaii. ?aoaiea n/eoaaony i?eiyoui,
anee ca iaai i?iaieiniaaei ia iaiaa 2/3 io iauaai /enea ?aaioieeia
i?aaei?eyoey. Anee oaeiai aieueoeinoaa iao, eueaiou i?aaeinoaaeythony
ii ia?aiio aa?eaioo.
7. I?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa a?aiaeu i?aaei?eyoee e eo aueoia
1. Aeaiiue niinia i?eaaoecaoeee i?eiaiyaony a niioaaonoaee n
aiciiaeiinoueth a?aiaeu i?aaei?eyoee e eo aueoia ia aaca Iniia
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee ia a?aiaea, i?e-
iyouo 23 iiya?y 1989 aiaea. I?aaaea, yoio caeiiiaeaoaeueiue aeo a
nouiinoe ia icia/ae i?eaaoecaoeee, eai i?aaeiieaaae aueoi a?ai-
aeiaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee o?oaeiaui eieeaeoeaii a?aiaeaoi?ia a eie-
eaeoeaioth nianoaaiiinoue a?aiaeiiai i?aaei?eyoey.
A neeo Caeiia i nianoaaiiinoe a ?NON? e Caeiia aiciiae-
iinoe oaeiai i?aia?aciaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe a eie-
eaeoeaioth ono?aiaiu, eae e ono?aiaia aiciiaeiinoue aueoia eie-
eaeoeaii eiouanoaa ia iniiaa a?aiaeu. Aueoi ioiuia iiaeao
inouanoaeoueny oieueei iooai i?eaaoecaoeee, ii ia a ii?yaeea aia-
naiey a?aiaeiuo ieaoaaeae (*1). Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y
1992 aiaea (*2) ?acaeaeee i?aaei?eyoey, caeeth/eaoea a naia a?aiy
aeiaiai?u ia a?aiaea i?aaei?eyoee ia aaca aeaenoaiaaaoeo oiaaea
Iniia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo ?anioaeee ia a?aiaea,
ia aeaa a?oiiu:
1) oa, eioi?ua caeeth/eee aeiaiai? aei anooieaiey a neeo Caeiia
?O , ii i?aaeoniio?aee i?e yoii a aeiaiai?ao n?iee, aaee/eio,
ii?yaeie e oneiaey aianaiey aueoia;
2) oa, eioi?ua, oioy e caeeth/eee aeiaiai?u a oi aea a?aiy, ii
in i?aaeoniio?aee a ieo n?iee eee aaee/eio, eee ii?yaeie aueoia.
I?aaei?eyoey ia?aie a?oiiu nio?aieee i?aai ia aueoi ii oneiaeyi
.aeiaiai?a. I?aaei?eyoey aoi?ie a?oiiu i?e noieiinoe eiouanoaa,
oeacaiiiai a aeiaiai?a, aei 1 iei ?oaeae aeieaeiu caeeth/aoue aeiiie-
(**1) Ni.:no. 19 3aeiia , no. 15 i. 1 Caeiia . .
(**2) AAN, 1992, ? 43, no. 2429.
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ieoaeueiua niaeaoaiey e ?aaeeciaaoue ii iei i?aai ia aueoi (i?e
yoii aaee/eia aueoia, ia ii?aaeaeaiiiai a aeiaiai?a, oaaee/eaaeanue
aei aeaoe?aoiie noieiinoe eiouanoaa, naeaiiiai a a?aiaeo). I?e noi-
eiinoe a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa nauoa 1 iei ?oaeae i?aaei?eyoea-
a?aiaeaoi? aeieaeii auei i?aia?aciauaaoueny a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai
ioe?uoiai oeia.
2. I?aaei?eyoey, aueoiathuea eiouanoai, ai anao neo/ayo
aeieaeiu auee i?eaanoe naith i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaoth oi?io
a niioaaonoaea n Caeiiii . I?e yoii aeiioneaeinue ae?iaeaiea o?oaeiaiai
eieeaeoeaa, e iiaua oiaa?euanoaa nicaeaaaeenue a ii?yaeea au-
aeaeaiey naiae aeiee ec iauae nianoaaiiinoe a?aiaeiiai eieeae-
oeaa. A yoie /anoe iie nio?aiyee i?aaii?aainoai i?aaei?eyoey-
a?aiaeaoi?a. Aueoiaaiay aeiey eiouanoaa aeieaeia auea ninoaa-
eyoue /anoue, i?iii?oeeiiaeueioth aeiea iiaiai i?aaei?eyoey a
iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa (?aaeecaoeee) oiaa?ia, ?aaio, oneoa. A io-
iioaiee yoiai eiouanoaa i?aaeinoaaeyeanue eueaioiay neeaeea a
30 i?ioeaioia noieiinoe eiouanoaa, i?aaeoniio?aiiie aeiaiai?ii
a?aiaeu.
3. Ii oai i?aaei?eyoeyi, eioi?ua aeieaeiu auee i?aia?aciau-
aaoueny a aeoeeiia?iua iauanoaa, o/?aaeeoaeyie aunooiaee niioaao-
noaothuea eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii, a oaeaea oece/an-
eea e th?eaee/aneea eeoea, iaeaaeathuea i?aaii nianoaaiiinoe ia
eiouanoai (aeieth a eaieoaea) i?aia?acoaiiai i?aaei?eyoey, anee
iie ienueiaiii ia ioeacaeenue io i?aa o/?aaeeoaeae e ia caeeth/eee
eiiai niaeaoaiey.
Oaeei ia?acii, i?eaaoecaoeey ia aaca a?aiaeu a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
eanaaony oieueei oao i?aaei?eyoee, eioi?ua ?aaeecotho aeiaiai?u,
caeeth/aiiua aei anooieaiey a neeo Caeiia . Iiauo aeiaiai?ia
a?aiaeu n i?aaii aueoia a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa ia oneiaeyo,
ii?aaeaeaiiuo Iniiaaie caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e nithciuo
?anioaeee ia a?aiaea, ia caeeth/aaony.
8. ?aaeecaoeey i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia e ii?yaeie
i?iaeaaee aeoeee. ?ieue /aeiauo aoeoeeiiia
e niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo /aeiauo oiiaeia
1. I?iaeaaea i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee, a oaeaea aeoeee ae-
oeeiia?iuo iauanoa, nicaeaaaaiuo a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee, eiaao
oo iniaaiiinoue, /oi ?an/aou ca i?eia?aoaaiua iauaeou e aeoeee
iiaeii aanoe n iiiiuueth i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia. Aaaaeaiiua ia?-
aiia/aeueii Caeiiii ?O io 3 ethey 1991 aiaea
iiiua n/aoa (eieaeee) a ea/anoaa naeaeaoaeuenoaa i i?aaa a?aaeaeaieia
ia aeieth a iauaia?iaeiie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe e eino-
?oiaioa ?an/aoia i?e i?eia?aoaiee i?eaaoece?oaiuo iauaeoia auee
caiaiaiu a aeaeueiaeoai nenoaiie i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia, aaaaeai-
iuo Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 aaaonoa 1992 a. ? 914 (*2),
Ioee/ea /aeia io eiaiiuo n/aoia ninoieo a aunieie iai?ioi-
niiniaiinoe /aeia eae oeaiiuo aoiaa ia i?aaeuyaeoaey, a oi a?aiy
eae i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua n/aoa i?aaeiieaaaeenue eiaiiuie, eniieueco-
aiuie oieueei aeey oeaeae i?eaaoecaoeee, e i?iaeaaea ia iiaeeaaeaee.
I?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee a niioaaonoaee ni no. 1 i. 2 Iieiaeaiey i
ieo iiaoo iieoiaoueny e i?iaeaaaoueny aac ia?aie/aiee. I?eaaoeca-
oeeiiiue /ae, auaeaaaaiue a?aaeaeaiai a niioaaonoaee n ii?iaoeaaie,
onoaiaaeeaaaiuie a Ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee ni-
ioaaonoaothuaai aiaea, eniieuecothony a ea/anoaa ieaoaaeiiai n?aaenoaa
a i?ioeanna i?eia?aoaiey eiouanoaa i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee
a /anoioth nianoaaiiinoue.
2. I?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie iiaeao iiea/eaaoueny iieiinoueth
eee /anoe/ii noieiinoue iauaeoa i?eaaoecaoeee eee i?eia?aoaaiuo
aeoeee (*3). I?iaeaaoeu i?eaaoece?oaiiai eiouanoaa iaycaiu i?eieiaoue
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee ii eo iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe. I?eaaoeca-
oeeiiiue /ae, eniieueciaaiiue a ea/anoaa ieaoaaeiiai n?aaenoaa i?e
i?eia?aoaiee iauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeee, iiaaoaaony e ecuiaaony ec
ia?auaiey. Eaaeaeue i?eaaoecaoeeiiiue /ae eiaao naie n?ie aeaeno-
aey, onoaiaaeeaaaiue i?e aai auionea I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?O e oea-
cuaaaiue ia naiii /aea. Ii ia iiaeao auoue iaiaa iaeiiai aiaea e
aieaa aeaoo eao.
I?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee iiaoo ?aaeeciauaaoueny a oeaeyo i?eaa-
oecaoeee e iiin?aaeiaaiii, oi anoue n iiiiuueth niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo
eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia (*4), aeeoioee?othueo i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /a-
ee e i?iaeathueo a?aaeaeaiai ca yoe /aee nianoaaiiua aeoeee, aeioiae
ii eioi?ui auiea/eaaaony ca n/ao i?eia?aoaiey niaoeeaeece?iaai-
iui oiiaeii aeoeee i?aaei?eyoee.
(**1) AAN, 1991, ? 27, no. 925. Oeacii ooaa?aeaeaii e Iieiaeaiea i i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo
/aeao.
(**2) AAN, 1992, ?35, no. 2001.
(**3) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 aaaonoa 1992 a. ? 914, a oaeaea Iieiaeaiea i
cae?uoie iiaeienea ia aeoeee i?e i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo
i?aaei?eyoee, ooaa?aeaeaiiia ?anii?yaeaieai Aineiieiouanoaa ?O io 27 ethey 1992 i-
?308 ?.-YeAE, 1992, ?31.
(**4) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 ieoya?y 1992 a. . Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 16 iiya?y 1992 aiaea ? 1391 (*3), Ai-
noaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiiie i?eaaoecaoeee, a oaeaea i?eiyouie a eo
?acaeoea aeoaie Aineiieiouanoaa ?O.
Aeaaiia a yoii ?aaoee?iaaiee ninoaaeyao ii?aaeaeaiea aaee/eiu
aiciiaeiie iieaou i?eia?aoaaiuo iauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie
/aeaie, iineieueeo ae?oaay /anoue iieaou aeieaeia auoue i?iecaaaeaia
a aeaiueaao. I?e yoii i?aaei?eyoey e eiua iauaeou i?eaaoecaoeee,
iiaeeaaeauea i?iaeaaea ca /aee, aeieaeiu auoue aeeth/aiu a niioaaono-
aothuee ia?a/aiue iauaeoia Aineiieiouanoaii ?O (no. 1 Oeaca io
16 iiya?y 1992 a.).
I?e i?iaeaaea iauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeee, ioiinyueony e nianoaai-
iinoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe,
aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaia, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa, iieaoa
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie i?iecaiaeeony a ?acia?a ainueieaeanyoe
i?ioeaioia io .i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu yoeo iauaeoia. Ii i?eaaoecaoeee
iauaeoia, ioiinyueony e nianoaaiiinoe ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?O,
(**1) NAII, 1992, ? 16, no. 1235; AAN. 1992. ?25, no. 1427
(**2) NAII, 1992, ? 18, no. 1456. Ae?oaea aiciiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey i?eaaoecaoeeii-
iuo /aeia (aeey iieoiee aeeeuey) iu ia ?anniao?eaaai, eae ia ioiinyueany e oicyeno-
aaiiiio i?aao.
(**3) NAII. 1992, ?21, no. 1730.
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iieaoa i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie i?iecaiaeeony iieoiaoaeyie a
?acia?a o?eaeoeaoe iyoe i?ioeaioia io i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu yoeo iauaeoia.
Ii ?aoaieyi Aa?oiaiuo Niaaoia ?anioaeee aeiey iieaou i?eaaoe-
caoeeiiiuie /aeaie iiaeao auoue oaaee/aia aei ainueieaeanyoe i?i-
oeaioia io i?iaeaaeiie oeaiu yoeo iauaeoia. I?e i?eaaoecaoeee iau-
aeoia, ioiinyueony e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, iieoiaoaeue
eiaao i?aai aianoe i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie /anoue ieaoaaea,
ninoaaeythuoth aei ni?iea iyoe i?ioeaioia io i?iaeaaee yoeo iauaeoia.
Ii ?aoaieth niioaaonoaothueo i?aaenoaaeoaeueiuo i?aaiia e aaeie-
ieno?aoeee i?aaeae iieaou i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie iiaeao auoue
oaaee/ai aei aeaayiinoa i?ioeaioia.
Ia?aie/aiey a eniieueciaaiee i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia eanathony
neoaeaueo ainoaea?noaaiiiai aiia?aoa. Iie iiaoo eniieueciaaoue eo
oieueei aeey i?eia?aoaiey aeoeee niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeii-
iuo oiiaeia.
4. Eniieueciaaiea /aeia aeey i?eia?aoaiey aeoeee i?eaaoece?oa-
iuo i?aaei?eyoee i?aaenoaaeyao niaie neiaeiue i?ioeann, a eioi?ii
ni/aoathony eueaioiua i?aaa /eaiia o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia ia i?e-
ia?aoaiea aeoeee a caaeneiinoe io eca?aiiiai aa?eaioa eueaio n
i?iaeaaeae eo
aoeoeeiiao.
?aaeecaoeey i?aa ia i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee a niioaaonoaee n
eca?aiiui eueaioiui aa?eaioii (eee n i?aaeinoaaeaieai i?aa ia
i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee aac eueaio, ii a onoaiiaeaiiuo ?acia?ao)
inouanoaeyaony a ii?yaeea oae iacuaaaiie cae?uoie iiaeienee e
?aaeaiaioe?oaony Iieiaeaieai i cae?uoie iiaeienea ia aeoeee
i?e i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee (*2). Nouiinoue cae?uoie iiaeienee ninoieo a iaania/aiee i?aa
/eaiia o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa e i?ei?eoaoiii i?eia?aoaiee ae-
oeee ia onoaiiaeaiiuo o?aiy aa?eaioaie oneiaeyo. Cae?uoay
iiaeienea i?iaiaeeony ?aai/ae eiienneae ii i?eaaoecaoeee i?aae-
i?eyoey, a a neo/aa, eiaaea iia ia i?iaaea aa a n?iee, onoaiia-
eaiiua Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 1 ethey 1992 aiaea ? 721,
cae?uooth iiaeieneo i?iaiaeeo niioaaonoaothuee eiieoao ii oi-
?aaeaieth eiouanoaii.
?aaioieee (e auaoea ?aaioieee), eiathuea i?aai ia i?eia?a-
oaiea aeoeee naiaai i?aaei?eyoey a ii?aaeaeaiiuo ?acia?ao (ia iaiaa
iaeiie e ia aieaa i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiiai eiee/anoaa, onoaiiaeaiiiai
?aai/ae eiienneae ii i?eaaoecaoeee eee eiieoaoii, i?iaiaeyuei
(**1) Iieiaeaiey i i?iaeaaea aeoeee a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee e i niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo
/aeiauo aoeoeeiiao ooaa?aeaeaiu Aineiieiouanoaii ?O 4 iiya?y 1992 a. ?anii?yaea-
ieai ? 701 ?. – YeAE. 1992, ? 46.
(**2) Ooaa?aeaeaii Aineiieiouanoaii ?innee 27 ethey 1992 a. ?anii?yaeaieai ? 308-?.
-YeAE, 1992, ?31.
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cae?uooth iiaeieneo), i?eia?aoatho eo ii ?acee/iui oeaiai, niio-
aaonoaothuei eca?aiiiio aa?eaioo.
Ii aa?eaioo ? 1 oeaia aeoeee ?aaiyaony iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe
iaeiie aeoeee, oiiiaeaiiie ia eiyooeoeeaio 0,7 (aeaaaaiua 30-i?i-
oeaioiua eueaiou). Ii aa?eaioo ? 2 oeaia iaeiie aeoeee ?aaiyaony
iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe iaeiie aeoeee, oiiiaeaiiie ia eiyooeoeeaio
1,7 (o/eouaaaiay eioeyoeey; iinea 31 aeaeaa?y 1992 a. eiyooeoeeaio
i?eiaiyaony ii ?aoaieth Aineiieiouanoaa ?O n o/aoii eioeyoeee).
Ii aa?eaioo ? 3 oeaia ?aaiyaony iiieiaeueiie noieiinoe iaeiie
aeoeee, oiiiaeaiiie ia eiyooeoeeaio 0,7 (i?aaeinoaaeyaiua eueaiou).
5. I?e ?aaeecaoeee aeoeee aeaenoaotho i?aaeoniio?aiiua Iieiaea-
ieai i?aaeea, a neeo eioi?uo iaania/eaaaony i?iaeaaea aeoeee a
niioaaonoaee n oeacaiiui a cayaea eiee/anoaii, ii i?e i?aauoaiee
a cayaeao i?aaeaeueiiai /enea iiaeeaaeaueo i?iaeaaea aeoeee iii nie-
aeaaony i?ioea cayaee ii niioaaonoaothuae oi?ioea (i. 5.7.2 Iie-
iaeaiey) n oai, /oiau iaania/eoue ?ani?aaeaeaiea aeoeee n o/aoii
cayaeaiiiai e eiathueony aiciiaeiinoae.
Ii ia?aiio aa?eaioo o/anoiee iiaeienee eiae i?aai aianoe
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie aei 100 i?ioeaioia ieaoaaeae. Ii aoi?iio
aa?eaioo o/anoiee iiaeienee eiae i?aai aianoe i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie
/aeaie aei noa i?ioeaioia naiaai ieaoaaea, ii iaycai aue i?e yoii
iieaoeoue ia iaiaa 70 i?ioeaioia naiaai ieaoaaea i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie
/aeaie. Ii o?aoueaio aa?eaioo o/anoiee iiaeienee eiae i?aai aianoe
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuie /aeaie aei 100 i?ioeaioia naiaai ieaoaaea.
Oaeei ia?acii, iinea i?eia?aoaiey aeoeee aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie
aaeieieno?aoeee, ?aaioieeaie i?aaei?eyoey ii .cae?uoie iiaeienea e
ec oiiaea aeoeeiie?iaaiey ?aaioieeia i?aaei?eyoey (a oii /enea e
ca i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee) inoaaoayny /anoue aeoeee i?iaeaaony ii
o?ai eaiaeai: a) /a?ac /aeiaua aoeoeeiiu; a) a ioe?uoie i?iaeaaea
ia eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oi?aao; a) i?iaeaaea ii eiiia?/aneiio eiieo?no
a niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai i eiiia?/aneii eiieo?na ii i?iaeaaea
aeoeee (*1).
6. Eiee/anoai aeoeee, i?iaeaaaaiuo ia /aeiaii aoeoeeiia, ii?a-
aeaeyaony eae ?aciinoue iaaeaeo iauei eiee/anoaii aeoeee, iiaeeaaeaueo
i?iaeaaea ca i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee (*2), e eiee/anoaii aeoeee, i?iaea-
aaaiuo ca i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee ii cae?uoie iiaeienea e eueaioiie
i?iaeaaea aeieaeiinoiui eeoeai aaeieieno?aoeee. Yoi eiee/anoai ia
iiaeao auoue iaiueoa, /ai 29 i?ioeaioia aeoeee aeaiiiai aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa (*3).
(**1) Ni.: I. 3 Iieiaeaiey i i?iaeaaea aeoeee a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeee.
(**2) A niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 14 ieoya?y 1992 a.
(**3) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 8 iay 1993 a. ? 640 . – NAII,
1993, ?20, no. 1755.
!!185
Ana i?aaei?eyoey, iiaeeaaeauea iaycaoaeueiiio aeoeeiie?iaaieth
e i?eaaoecaoeee, ?acaeaathony ?aoaieai eiieoaoa ii oi?aaeaieth
Aineiieiouanoaii ia iyoue a?oii, aeey eioi?uo onoaiaaeeaathony
n?iee iauyaeaiey e caaa?oaiey aoeoeeiia (ieaiu-a?aoeee). Iaaeaeo
eiieoaoii e oiiaeii eiouanoaa caeeth/athony niaeaoaiey, eioi?uie
ii?aaeaeyaony ii?yaeie e n?iee ia?aaea/e iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey ?aaeecaoeee
aeoeee aeieoiaioia. A niioaaonoaee n yoei niaeaoaieai eiieoao
ia?aaeaao oiiaeo:
– auieneo ec ieaia-a?aoeea i?iaeaaee aeoeee i?aaei?eyoey;
– na?oeoeeaou, oaeinoiaa?ythuea i?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia aeoeee,
iiaeeaaeauea i?iaeaaea ia /aeiaii aoeoeeiia;
– eiieth ooaa?aeaeaiiiai ieaia i?eaaoecaoeee;
– o/?aaeeoaeueiua aeieoiaiou e i?aaa o/?aaeeoaey aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa.
N yoeie aeieoiaioaie aunooiatho a ea/anoaa i?iaeaaoea ia aoeoeeiia
niioaaonoaothuea oiiaeu eiouanoaa.
7. Iiae /aeiaui aoeoeeiiii iiieiaaony i?iaeaaea aeoeee i?eaa-
oece?oaiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee en-
eeth/eoaeueii ca i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee. Ia iniiaa iieo/aiiuo io
eiieoaoa aeieoiaioia i?iaeaaaoe ninoaaeyao eioi?iaoeeiiiia niia-
uaiea i i?iaaaeaiee /aeiaiai aoeoeeiia, eioi?ia aeieaeii auoue iioa-
eeeiaaii ia iicaeiaa, /ai ca 4 iaaeaee aei iauyaeaiiie aeaou ieii/aiey
aoeoeeiia a niaoeeaeueiii eioi?iaoeeiiiii atheeaoaia e a ianoiie
ia/aoe. Yoi niiauaiea aeieaeii niaea?aeaoue:
– iieiia iaeiaiiaaiea e aae?an aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa;
– iauaa eiee/anoai e oeiu auiouaiiuo aeoeee;
– iiieiaeueioth noieiinoue iaeiie aeoeee:
– aua?aiiue ?aaioieeaie i?aaei?eyoey aa?eaio iieo/aiey
eueaio;
– eiee/anoai e iiieiaeueioth noieiinoue aeoeee, auiineiuo ia
i?iaeaaeo;
– aae?an e oaeaoii i?aaiecaoeee, a eioi?ie iieoiaoaee iiaoo
iciaeiieoueny n i?iniaeoii yiennee (ieaiii i?eaaoecaoeee);
– oeacaiea ia oi, /oi aaeeinoaaiiie oi?iie ieaoaaea ia aoeoeeiia
yaeythony i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee;
– ia?aue e iineaaeiee aeaiue iiaea/e cayaie:
– aae?an e iiia? eiioaeoiiai oaeaoiia i?iaeaaoea;
– aae?ana, ii eioi?ui i?eieiathony cayaee io o/anoieeia aoe-
oeeiia.
E o/anoeth a aoeoeeiia aeiioneathony oece/aneea e th?eaee/aneea
eeoea, eiathuea i?aai auoue iieoiaoaeyie a niioaaonoaee ni no. 9
Caeiia i i?eaaoecaoeee. Iie iiaeatho cayaee ia o/anoee a aoeoeeiia
oeia 1 eee oeia 2, a caaeneiinoe io oiai, i?aaeeaaaaony ee eiee/anoai
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo /aeia, eioi?ia oeacuaaaony aeey iieaou aeoeee,
!!186
eee iaeneiaeueiay oeaia, eioi?oth o/anoiee niaeanai caieaoeoue ca
iaeio aeoeeth.
Aoeoeeii i?aaenoaaeyao niaie eiieo?n cayaie, iinooieaoeo a
onoaiiaeaiiue n?ie, aaea iiaaaeeoaeyie i?eciathony cayaeoaee, ca-
yaee eioi?uo ii oneiaeyi aoeoeeiia oaeiaeaoai?ythony. I?e yoii
aeoeee iiaoo auoue i?iaeaiu ii i?iaeaaeiie oeaia, eioi?ay ii?aaeaey-
aony eiienneae, i?iaiaeyuae aoeoeeii. Yoa i?iaeaaeiay oeaia ii?a-
aeaeyaony enoiaey ec oiai, /oi ana cayaee oeia 1 oaeiaeaoai?ythony,
oaeiaeaoai?ythony oaeaea ana cayaee oeia 2, oeacaaoea iaeneiaeue-
ioth oeaio, i?aauoathuoth i?iaeaaeioth, e /anoue oaeeo cayaie (ii-
?aaeaeyaioth a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea (i. 5.5.3 e 5.5.4 Iieiaeaiey
i /aeiauo aoeoeeiiao), a eioi?uo i?aaeeiaeaia oeaia, ?aaiay i?i-
aeaaeiie.
Iinea i?iaaaeaiey aoeoeeiia i?iaeaaaoe iai?aaeyao i?ioieie i aai
eoiaao eniieieoaeueiui i?aaiai aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa aeey aiana-
iey eciaiaiee a ?aano? aeoeeiia?ia.
8. Iinea i?iaaaeaiey /aeiauo aoeoeeiiia aeoeee i?eaaoece?o-
aiuo i?aaei?eyoee iiaoo i?iaeaaaoueny, ii oaea oieueei ca aeaiueae
a eo inoaaoaeny /anoe eeai ia eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oi?aao (*1), eeai ia
eiiia?/aneii eiieo?na ii i?iaeaaea aeoeee. I?iaeaaea aeoeee ia
eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oi?aao naycaia (eae e aiiaua i?iaeaaea ii eii-
eo?no) n i?eiyoeai ia naay iieoiaoaeai auaeaeaaaiuo ia eiieo?na
o?aaiaaiee i aeiaeaiee eiaanoeoeee a i?eaaoece?oaiia i?aaei?e-
yoea a niioaaonoaee n eiaanoeoeeiiiie i?ia?aiiie, a oaeaea au-
iieiaiea anao eee ianeieueeeo ec iauyaeaiiuo a eiieo?na onei-
aee.
Ia eiiia?/aneii eiieo?na i?iaeaaea aeoeee inouanoaeyaony a
iineaaeithth i/a?aaeue iinea anao oeacaiiuo niiniaia eo i?iaeaae.
9. Ia ?aaioathuea ia i?aaei?eyoeyo a?aaeaeaia, iieo/eaoea
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee, iiaee ?aaeeciaaoue eo iinea i?iaaaeaiey
cae?uoie iiaeienee e i?iaeaaee aeoeee ec oiiaeia aeoeeiie?iaaiey
?aaioieeia i?aaei?eyoee (OA?I) ia /aeiauo aoeoeeiiao, ia eii-
eo?nao. Iaeaieaa i?eaieai e oaeiaai aue aeey ieo niinia i?eia-
?aoaiey aeoeee o niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia,
eioi?ua o/?aaeaeathony niaoeeaeueii aeey oiai, /oiau aeeoioee?iaaoue
i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee, i?eia?aoaoue ia ieo aeoeee i?eaaoece-
?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee e, iieo/ay ii iei aeioiae, ?ani?aaeaeyoue i?e-
aueue a naith i/a?aaeue iaaeaeo aea?aeaoaeyie aeoeee eiaanoeoeeiiiiai
oiiaea.
(**1) Ni.: I?eia?iia iieiaeaiea ia eiaanoeoeeiiiuo eiieo?nao (eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oi?-
aao) e i?iaeaaea iauaeoia i?eaaoecaoeee, iaoiaeyueony a ainoaea?noaaiiie e ioieoee-
iaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, ooaa?aeaeaiiua ?anii?yaeaieai Aineiieiouanoaa ?O io 13
iiya?y 1992 a. – YeAE, 1992. ? 48.
!!187
*aeiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu aeaenoaotho a niioaaonoaee n
Iieiaeaieai i ieo ii eeoeaicee Aineiieiouanoaa ?O. Ii iiaeao
auoue oieueei cae?uoui, oi anoue ii ia eiaao i?aaa aueoiaoue naie
aeoeee o aeoeeiia?ia. Nicaeaaony ii anaaaea a oi?ia aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa ioe?uoiai oeia.
10.A ia?eiae iiaeaioiaee ianoiyuaai eo?na e ecaeaieth a niioaaonoaee
n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 24 aeaeaa?y 1993 aiaea i?eiyoa iiaay
Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioie-
oeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee (*1). E aa iniaaiiinoyi neaaeoao ioianoe i?aaeaea
anaai oi, /oi iia aeieaeia caaa?oeoue eniieueciaaiea i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo
/aeia e ai?aaeue i?iaiaeeoueny ia /enoi ?uii/iie iniiaa. Iaia/aiu
iiaua niiniau ia?aie/aiey i?eaaoecaoeee iauaeoia, ia?a/eneaiiuo
a ?acaeaea 2.2 e 2.3 I?ia?aiiu: iooai cae?aieaiey 100% aeoeee a
ainoaea?noaaiiie nianoaaiiinoe, eeai iooai i?aia?aciaaiey i?aaei?e-
yoey a ainoaea?noaaiiia (
n/ao ainoaea?noaaiiuo enoi/ieeia. Ae?oaea ia?aie/aiey naycaiu n
cae?aieaieai a oaaea?aeueiie nianoaaiiinoe ia n?ie ia aieaa 3 eao
eiio?ieueiiai iaeaoa aeoeee eeai n auioneii
Oi?iu e niiniau i?eaaoecaoeee a iniiaiii inoaeenue i?aaeieie.
Inoaeenue aac eciaiaiey e o?e aa?eaioa eueaio i?e aeoeeiie?iaaiee
i?aaei?eyoee. ?anoe?aia noa?a i?eiaiaiey o?aoueaai aa?eaioa, aei
30% oaaee/aia aeiey eieoeeaoeaiie a?oiiu a onoaaiii eaieoaea
i?eaaoece?oaiiai i?aaei?eyoey.
?anoe?aiu oaeaea aiciiaeiinoe o/anoey a i?eaaoecaoeee eiino-
?aiiuo eiaanoi?ia. *aeiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiiaeu iieo/eee i?aai
aeeaaeuaaoue aei 25 i?ioeaioia onoaaiiai oiiaea i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee (aianoi 10 i?ioeaioia, eae yoi auei ?aiaa). Oneeaia caueoa
i?aa aeoeeiia?ia i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
A I?ia?aiio aeeth/aiu iaeioi?ua iniaua iiaeoiaeu e i?eaaoe-
caoeee a ?acee/iuo ?aaeiiao. Caeanue o/eouaathony iniaaiiinoe oeaeae
i?eaaoecaoeee, a ?aeiiao E?aeiaai Naaa?a aaiaeyony aeiiieieoaeueiua
ia?aie/aiey i?eaaoecaoeee, ii a oi aea a?aiy onoaiaaeeaathony aei-
iieieoaeueiua niiniau i?eaaoecaoeee.
Iiaay I?ia?aiia ia onoaiaaeeaaao ia?eiaea aa aeaenoaey. Ia/aei
aa ?aaeecaoeee – 1 yiaa?y 1994 aiaea.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. *oi oaeia ?acainoaea?noaeaiea? I?eaaoecaoeey? Eaeia ni-
noaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, iaania/eaathuaai aeaiiua i?ioeannu?
2. Ii?aaeaeeoa cia/aiea ainoaea?noaaiiie e ianoiuo i?ia?aii
i?eaaoecaoeee. Eaeea ?acaeaeu iie aeeth/atho?
(**1) NAII, 1994, ? 1,no. 2.
!!188
3. *oi oaeia ieai i?eaaoecaoeee? Eai ii ?ac?aaaouaaaony e
ooaa?aeaeaaony? Eaeia aai i?aaiaia cia/aiea?
4. Eaeea niiniau i?eaaoecaoeee i?eiaiythony? Aeaeoa oa?ae-
oa?enoeeo eaaeaeiai ec niiniaia, iieaaeeoa i?aaa e eueaiou o?o-
aeiauo eieeaeoeaia.
5. Eae inouanoaeyaony i?eaaoecaoeey ia iniiaa i?aia?aciaaiey
ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a ioe?uoua ae-
oeeiia?iua iauanoaa?
6. Eaeia ii?yaeie i?iaeaaee aeoeee i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee? Eae i?eiaiythony a i?ioeanna i?eaaoecaoeeee i?eaaoeca-
oeeiiiua /aee?
7. Eaeiaa ?ieue /aeiauo aoeoeeiiia e niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo /aeiauo
oiiaeia?
!!189
Oaia VII. Ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea
yeiiiieee a oneiaeyo ?uiea
1. Ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ia yeiiiieeo
a oneiaeyo ?uiea: iniiaaiey e i?aaeaeu
1. I?e ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iie yeiiiieea aa aeaaiui ?aaoeyoi?ii
noaiiaeony ?uiie, eioi?ue yeiiiie/anee, caeiiaie ni?ina e i?aae-
eiaeaiey, ii?aaeaeyao ?acaeoea iauanoaaiii-iaiaoiaeeiiai i?iecaiae-
noaa, oeaio oiaa?a, aai ea/anoai, iio?aaeoaeueneea naienoaa, aeaao
eiioeuen ?acaeoeth iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e a oi aea a?aiy
aaneo iaioaeiia, ia?aioaaaeueiia, iaeiieo?aioiiniiniaiia i?iec-
aiaenoai. ?uiie aicaeaenoaoao oai naiui ia eioa?anu i?aaei?eieia-
oaeae, canoaaeyao eo oeo/oaoue i?iecaiaenoai, ea/anoai oiaa?a. Eii-
eo?aioeey i?aaei?eieiaoaeae iiioaeaeaao eo nieaeaoue cao?aou ia i?i-
ecaiaenoai e niioaaonoaaiii oeaiu. A yoii niunea aicaeaenoaea ia
yeiiiieeo n iiiiuueth eioa?ana ieacuaaaony aieaa nouanoaaiiui,
iaaeaee a oneiaeyo aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiie nenoaiu, aaea aeaa-
iui niiniaii aicaeaenoaey aunooiaee aee?aeoeaiua eiiaiaeu aino-
aea?noaaiiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaii ia iniiaa ieaiia, a yeiiiie-
/aneea ia?u iaoiaeeeenue ia aoi?ii ianoa.
Iaaei neacaoue, /oi ainoaea?noaaiiia anaiauaiethuaa ?oeiaiaenoai
yeiiiieeie eiaao a i?eioeeia aieueoea aiciiaeiinoe canoaaeoue i?i-
ecaiaenoai, iniaaiii iauanoaaiiia i?iecaiaenoai, ?acaeaaoueny a ii-
?aaeaeaiiii iai?aaeaiee. Ainoaea?noai iiaeao niinianoaiaaoue ?aoa-
ieth iae?icaaea/ iooai nin?aaeioi/aiey oneeee ia eca?aiiii ia-
i?aaeaiee. Ii a yoii neo/aa yeiiiie/aneee eioa?an i?iecaiaeeoaey
e iio?aaeoaey ionooiaao ia aoi?ie ieai eee aiana eaii?e?oaony. A
eoiaa i?iecaiaenoai oa?yao iauaeoeaiua ecia?eoaee, iiaeao noaoue
cao?aoiui, eae yoi e neo/aeinue a iaoae enoi?ee. Ionoonoaea eii-
eo?aioeee aeaeaei yeiiiieeo ieioi aini?eei/eaie e iao/ii-oaoie-
/aneiio i?ia?anno, iiaaoaei no?aieaiey e niaa?oainoaiaaieth i?i-
ecaiaenoaa, aeaeaei yoio i?ioeann oaeaeii oieueei niciaoaeueiuo aa?ie-
/aneeo ii?uaia eeai aiayeiiiie/aneiai i?eioaeaeaiey. Iieaoa o?oaea
i?e yoii no?ieeanue ia iniiaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai ii?ie?iaaiey, aaea
e o?aaieeiaea.
Aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiay nenoaia e aa yeiiiieea auee ii-
naiaio yooaeoeaiuie a yeno?aiaeueiuo oneiaeyo aeiaaeueiiai ia-
?aono?ienoaa oi?iaoeee, oneiaeyo aieiu, i?aiaeieaiey ?ac?ooe. Ii
iia iaia?oaeeaaea naith iayooaeoeaiinoue a iau/iuo oneiaeyo. Aio
ii/aio iinea o?oaeiiai iiuoa ?aoi?i 1965, 1979 aiaeia iuneue yei-
!!190
iiie/aneiai ia?aono?ienoaa ia?aoeeanue e a iaoae no?aia e eaeaa
?uiea, aeieaia a?aiy ioaa?aaaiie, ianiio?y ia ie?iaie iiuo.
I?aaaea, iiai?io e ?uieo a iaoae no?aia iinoaaee aeeeaiio aeaoo
auai?ia: nioeeaeenoe/aneiai ia?aono?ienoaa ieaiiaie yeiiiieee a
noi?iio ?uiea ia aaca iauanoaaiiuo oi?i nianoaaiiinoe, eee ioeaca
io iineaaeieo, aeiaaeueiie i?eaaoecaoeee e ?aa?anna e eaieoaeenoe-
/aneie iiaeaee. A nayce n yoei a no?aia eaeao io/eoaeueiue iiene
iiaeaee ?acaeoey, eioi?ay aeaea au yooaeoeaioth e nioeeaeueii ni?a-
aaaeeeaoth yeiiiieeo. Enoi?ey ii?aaeaeeo a eiia/iii n/aoa iooue
auoiaea ec e?ecena.
2. Iaeiaei iacaaeneii io yoiai i?e ethaie ?uii/iie iiaeaee
aicieeaao aii?in i ?iee ainoaea?noaa a yeiiiieea, iaiaoiaeeiinoe
aai aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue aaoiiiiiuo i?aae-
i?eieiaoaeae, iniiaaieyo e i?aaeaeao aeiionoeiiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aiaoaoaeuenoaa a iaa. Yeoi?ey ia?aiai ia?eiaea ia?aoiaea e ?uieo
a ii?uaa ?aceiai io?eoeaiey ieaiiaiai aicaeaenoaey ia yeiiiieeo
i?eaaea e ia?aioeaiea aiciiaeiinoae ?uiea. Auynieeinue, /oi iiiaea
iauanoaaiii cia/eiua caaea/e, a oii /enea e oaea?aeaiea ?uii/iie
naiaiaeu a eiieo?aioiuo ?aieao, iaaiciiaeii ?aoaoue aia ainoaea?-
noaaiii-i?aaiaiai iaoaiecia (*1).
3. Iaiaoiaeeiinoue ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ii?aaeaeyaony,
eae ieieioi, neaaeothueie o?aaiaaieyie io?aiu ioaee/iuo eioa-
?ania:
a) iaania/aiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo e iauanoaaiiuo ioaeae, i?ei?e-
oaoia a yeiiiie/aneii e nioeeaeueiii ?acaeoee;
a) oi?ie?iaaiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai athaeaeaoa;
a) caueou ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu e iieueciaaiey i?e?iaeiuie ?a-
no?naie;
a) iaania/aiey caiyoinoe ianaeaiey;
ae) iaania/aiey aaciianiinoe e iai?iiu no?aiu;
a) ?aaeecaoeee naiaiaeu i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa e eiieo?aioeee, ca-
ueou io iiiiiieecia;
ae) niaethaeaiey i?aaiii?yaeea ai aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeue-
iinoe i?aaei?eieiaoaeae e eiino?aiiiai eiaanoe?iaaiey.
Eae aeaeii ec yoiai ia?a/iy caaea/, ?aoaaiuo ainoaea?noaii, ana
iniiaaiey aeey ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey eaaeao a noa?a ioaee/-
iuo eioa?ania iauanoaa. *anoiue eioa?an caueuaaony a oneiaeyo
?uiea ia iooyo i?aainoaeey, a oaeaea ainoaea?noaaiiui aiaoaoaeue-
noaii oiaaea e a oie ia?a, a eaeie ii ni/aoaaony n ioaee/iui. Ia?a
(**1) Ni., a /anoiinoe, iinoaiiaeaiea Niaaoa Ieieno?ia e I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee io 15 ethiy 1993 a. . – NAII, 1993, ? 25, no. 2391,
!!191
ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey e aai i?aaeaeu i?e aiaoaoaeuenoaa a
aeaea i?aaei?eieiaoaey ii?aaeaeythony iaiaoiaeeiinoueth e aeinoaoi/-
iinoueth nio?aiaiey nouanoaaiiuo yeaiaioia ?uii/iiai ?aaoee?i-
aaiey yeiiiieee a ni/aoaiee n ei??aeoe?iaeie yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey a ioaeiii iauanoao iai?aaeaiee. Yoe i?aaeaeu aeieaeiu
auoue oi/ii iaia/aiu e cae?aieaiu a ii?iao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
2. Eeanneoeeaoeey aeaeia ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey ia yeiiiieeo
1. Aeayoaeueiinoue ainoaea?noaa a noa?a yeiiiieee iiiaiia?acia. A
yoii aii?ina ioaeii o/eouaaoue, /oi ainoaea?noai aeaenoaoao ia ia-
neieueeeo o?iaiyo: a) eae oaaea?aeueiue nianoaaiiee e i?aaenoaaeoaeue
eioa?ania anaai iauanoaa; a) eae ?anioaeeea, aoiaeyuay a ?inneeneoth
Oaaea?aoeeth, yaeythuayny nianoaaiieeii naieo eiouanoaaiiuo oii-
aeia e niioaaonoaaiii au?aaeathuay eioa?anu ia?iaea ?anioaeeee; a)
a ea/anoaa e?aaa, iaeanoae, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa,
yaeythueony nianoaaiieeaie cae?aieaiiiai ca ieie ainoaea?noaai-
iiai eiouanoaa e au?aaeathueo eioa?anu ianaeaiey eo oa??eoi?ee;
a) a ea/anoaa aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe e aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaia, yaeythueony
nianoaaiieeaie naieo eiouanoaaiiuo oiiaeia e au?aaeathueo ei-
oa?anu ianaeaiey eo oa??eoi?ee.
Ana oeacaiiua oa??eoi?eaeueiua aaeeieoeu yaeythony noauaeoaie
Oaaea?aoeee. Eie iiaeienai Oaaea?aoeaiue aeiaiai?, a eioi?ii i?i-
aaaeaii ?aca?aie/aiea iieiiii/ee e i?aaeiaoia aaaeaiey iaaeaeo
i?aaiaie ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e i?aa-
iaie aeanoe niioaaonoaothueo ?anioaeee e eiuo oa??eoi?eaeueiuo
ia?aciaaiee. A neeo yoiai e n o/aoii ?aca?aie/aiey eiiiaoaioeee
ii oeacaiiiio aeiaiai?o ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ia yeiii-
ieeo inouanoaeyaony: a) a ianooaaao ainoaea?noaa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee e ainoaea?noa-?anioaeee, aoiaeyueo a iaa; a) ia oa?-
?eoi?ee ae?oaeo noauaeoia Oaaea?aoeee. Oaeia iiae?acaeaeaiea ii
ianooaao aeaenoaey iaiaoiaeeii eiaoue a aeaeo i?e ioeaiea aeaenoaey
niioaaonoaothueo aeoia i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aa-
eaiey.
I?aaiu aeanoe a ai?iaeao e ?aeiiao i?e iuiaoiai iiaeoiaea
caeiiiaeaoaey e iei eae i?aaiai ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey e ioie-
oeeiaeueiuo nianoaaiieeia eae aoaeoi ia aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny a
ea/anoaa ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia. A neeo yoiai, i/aaeaeii, eo ?ieue
a noa?a aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue neaaeoao ?an-
niao?eaaoue niaoeeaeueii. Iu einiainy aa a ioaeaeueiii ia?aa?aoa
ianoiyuae oaiu niaoeeaeueii, iineieueeo e ia oa??eoi?ee ai?iaeia e
?aeiiia eo i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey eiatho niioaaonoaothuoth
!!192
eiiiaoaioeeth a noa?a yeiiiieee, ii iaoiaee/anee aoaeai eiaoue a
– aeaeo, /oi yoi ia ainoaea?noaaiiay, a ioieoeeiaeueiay eiiiaoaioeey.
2. Ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea n oi/ee c?aiey iniiaaiee aai
i?iyaeaiey iiaeii ?acaeaeeoue oaeaea ia iauaa, iniiaaiiia ia oii,
/oi ainoaea?noai e aai i?aaiu aunooiatho io eiaie ia?iaea e a
ioaee/iuo eioa?anao, ?aoay ia?a/eneaiiua auoa caaea/e, e ini-
aaiiia, eiaaea ainoaea?noai (aai i?aaiu) aunooiaao a ea/anoaa ni-
anoaaiieea, oi?aaeyy naieie eiouanoaaiiuie oiiaeaie. Oaeia
iiae?acaeaeaiea ii?aaaeaii oai, /oi yoe noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe aino-
aea?noaa a ii?aaeaeaiiie ia?a iainiaeaiu e niioaaonoaaiii ianeo-
aeeaathony ?aciuie i?aaiauie ianneaaie. Aicaeaenoaea iauaai
ii?yaeea iaania/eaaaony ?aaoee?iaaieai, ianeoaeeaathuei ?aciua
noi?iiu yeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe a caaeneiinoe io ?aoaaiuo
caaea/. Iai?eia?, yeiiiie/aneea e nioeeaeueiua i?ei?eoaou iaan-
ia/eaathony caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii i iinoaaeao oiaa?ia e caeoieao
naeueoici?iaeoeoeee aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae, athaeaeaoiua eioa?a-
nu – caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii i iaeiaao, ii?yaeea oi?ie?iaaiey naaan-
oieiinoe; yeieiae/aneea caaea/e – caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ia io?aia
i?e?iaeu; iaania/aiea caiyoinoe ianaeaiey – caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii
i caiyoinoe ianaeaiey e o. ae.
Aeayoaeueiinoue aea ainoaea?noaa e aai i?aaiia a ea/anoaa nianoaai-
ieeia iaania/eaaaony caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii i nianoaaiiinoe, aeoao i
eiiiaoaioeee i?aaiia, ?aaeecothueo yoi i?aai, nicaeathueo e i?a-
e?auathueo i?aaei?eyoey, caeeth/athueo aeiaiai?u n eo ?oeiaiaee-
oaeyie, inouanoaeythueo i?aia?aciaaiea ainoaea?noaaiiie niano-
aaiiinoe a eiua oi?iu.
3. N oi/ee c?aiey niaea?aeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey iii
iiaeao iiae?acaeaeyoueny ia nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia oi-
cyenoaiaaiey, ieaie?iaaiea, ?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe e eiio?ieue ca iath.
Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe,
eae i?iyaeaiea nianoaaiieeii o/anoey a i?aaiecaoeee oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, iu ?anniao?eaaee a oaia
Ieaie?iaaiea eae oi?ia ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey ia yei-
iiieeo eiaao oeaeueth iaania/eoue eiiieaeniia yeiiiie/aneia ?ac-
aeoea ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, ?anioaeee e ?aaeiiia.
Ieaiiaay aeayoaeueiinoue aaaeaony a oa??eoi?eaeueiii e io?aneaaii
?ac?aca, iiaeao auoue iai?aaeaia ia ?aoaiea ioaeaeueiuo oicyenoaai-
iuo caaea/. Iia aae?aniaaia oa??eoi?eyi, io?aneyi, ioaeaeueiui noau-
aeoai oicyenoaiaaiey. Ainoaea?noaaiiua ieaiu-i?ia?aiiu yeiii-
ie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey ia iinyo aieaa oa?aeoa?a aae?aniie
aee?aeoeau. Iaia/aaiua iieacaoaee neoaeao i?eaioe?aie ?acaeoey,
aeinoeaeaiea eioi?uo iaania/eaaaony yeiiiie/aneeie ia?aie: onoa-
!!193
iiaeaieai oeiaine?iaaiey, i?aaeinoaaeaieai iaeiaiauo eueaio, e?a-
aeeoia, noaaaioeee.
Eeoue a neo/ayo, i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii,
aeou ieaie?iaaiey iiaoo ii?iaeaeaoue aeey aae?anaoia niioaaonoaothuea
iaycaoaeuenoaa. Iai?eia?, i?e ooaa?aeaeaiee oaaea?aeueiuo e iaaeai-
noaea?noaaiiuo oeaeaauo i?ia?aii, a oaeaea ia?a/iy ae?oaeo ainoaea?-
noaaiiuo ioaeae ainoaea?noaaiiui caeac/eeai auaeaeythony iaiaoiaee-
iua oeiainiaua n?aaenoaa, aeeth/ay aaethoiua, e iie yaeythony io-
aaonoaaiiuie ca auiieiaiea yoeo i?ia?aii e iaania/aiea
ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae (*1).
?aaoee?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
ainoaea?noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea a ioiioaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai noauaeoa
(noauaeoia) oicyenoaiaaiey n oeaeueth iaaeiiouaiey, eciaiaiey eee
i?ae?auaiey oicyenoaaiiie neooaoeee eee, iai?ioea, iiaeaea?aeaiey
aa a niioaaonoaothuai ninoiyiee.
Iaaeiiouaiea (cai?ao) ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeaeia oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe iiaeao ano?aoeoueny a ii?yaeea io?aiu ie?oaeathuae i?e-
?iaeiie n?aaeu, iai?eia?, a aeaea cai?aoa no?ieoaeuenoaa yeieiae/anee
a?aaeiuo iauaeoia (*2). Eciaiaiea oicyenoaaiiie neooaoeee iiaeao iin-
eaaeiaaoue a ?acoeueoaoa i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ia ia?aie/aiee eee i?e-
inoaiiaeaiee yeieiae/anee a?aaeiie aeayoaeueiinoe (*3). I?ae?auaiea
iiaeao auoue au?aaeaii a i?eioaeeoaeueiii ?acaeaeaiee noauaeoa, ca-
ieiathuaai aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea e inouanoaeythuaai i?e yoii
iiiiiieenoe/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue (*4).
?aaoee?iaaiea iiaeao inouanoaeyoueny a ea/anoaa i?yiiai (aee-
?aeoeaiiai) ?aoaiey aii?ina (cai?ao, ?ac?aoaiea) e a ea/anoaa
einaaiiiai, eiaaea i?eiaiythony yeiiiie/aneea ?u/aae e noeioeu.
Iai?eia?, a niioaaonoaee ni no. 4 Caeiia ?O a oeaeyo yeiiiie-
/aneiai noeioee?iaaiey iinoaaueeia i?iaeoeoeee aeey ainioaeae ei
iiaoo i?aaeinoaaeyoueny eueaiou ii iaeiao ia i?eaueue, e?aaeeou ia
eueaioiuo oneiaeyo, aaethoiua n?aaenoaa, inoaaeyaiua a eo ?anii-
?yaeaiee i?e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee ia yenii?o, anneaiiaaiey ec
ainathaeaeaoa.
A niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii
aeayoaeueiinoe iiaeao auoue i?yiui (a ioiioaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo
(**1) No. 2 i. 4 Caeiia ?O , caeiiu i noaoona ioaeaeueiuo
noauaeoia), oae e ioaeaeueiua aa noa?u. Yoi caeiiu ia eiaanoeoeeyo,
ia io?aia ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu, i?e?iaeiiieueciaaiee, caueoa i?aa
iio?aaeoaeae e ae?.
I?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay aeayoaeueiinoue aeieaeia aanoenue n o/aoii
aieueoiai /enea aeoia, ii?aaeaeythueo ?aaoee?othuea aiciiaeiinoe
i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey. Oai ia iaiaa iaia-
oiaeeii, /oiau anyeia aicaeaenoaea i?iaiaeeeinue oieueei ia iniiaaiee
niioaaonoaothuae oiieiiia/eaathuae ii?iu e a onoaiiaeaiiuo
i?aaeaeao.
Eiio?ieue eae niinia ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey i?aaenoaaeyao
niaie onoaiiaeaiea aeey i?aaiia ainoaea?noaa aiciiaeiinoe iaaethaeaoue
e a ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaeaeao i?iaa?youe ninoiyiea aeae i?aaei?eieia-
oaey, i?eieiaoue niioaaonoaothuea ia?u a i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii
neo/ayo. A caeiia eiiaaea aianoi oa?ieia eiio?ieue oiio?aaeyaony
oa?iei iaaeci? (iai?eia?, iaaeci? Aaiea ?innee ca aeayoaeueiinoueth
aaieia). I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi yoi ?aaiicia/iue oa?iei. A no. 30
Caeiia a /enea
ooieoeee iaaeci?a oeacuaaaony e ia eiio?ieue ca niaethaeaieai caei-
iiaeaoaeuenoaa i aaieao.
Aeey anao i?aaei?eyoee a no. 28 Caeiia ii?aaeaeaiu iauea eiio?iee-
?oaiua noa?u: aaaeaiea aooaaeoa?neie e noaoenoe/aneie io/aoiinoe,
eioi?iaoeey, iaiaoiaeeiay aeey iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iauaainoaea?no-
aaiiie nenoaiu eioi?iaoeee. Ec noa?u eiio?iey eneeth/aaony
eioi?iaoeey, ioianaiiay a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea e eiiia?/aneie
oaeia.
Iniai (niaoeeaeueii) eiio?iee?oaiua noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoee iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny a aeoao, aae?aniaaiiuo ii?aaeaeaiiui
noauaeoai. Oae, iniai eiio?iee?othony i?aaei?eyoey-iiiiiieenou.
Niaoeeaeueiiio eiio?ieth iiaeaa?aathony oaeaea niioaaonoaothuea noa?u
aeayoaeueiinoe. A iaeanoe yeieiaee caeii i?aaeoniao?eaaao iniaue yei-
eiae/aneee eiio?ieue (?acae. O Caeiia
oniao?eaaao iniaue naieoa?ii-yieaeaieiiiae/aneee iaaeci? (*1) e o. ae.
(**1) ?acaeae 5-6 Caeiia .
AAN. 1991, ?20, no. 641.
!!195
3. I?aaiaua oi?iu ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey
ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue
1. I?aaeaea anaai iaaei oeacaoue ia oi, /oi ana aeaeu aicaeaenoaey
eiatho i?aaiaoth oi?io aeoa, oi anoue iaea/aiiiai a onoaiiaeaiioth
oi?io aeaenoaey i?aaia aeanoe eee oi?aaeaiey, n eioi?ui naycu-
aathony i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii i?aaiaua iineaaenoaey. O yoeo
aeoia eiaaony naia iaeiaiiaaiea (ieaiiaue aeo, oeaeaaay i?ia?aiia,
?ac?aoaiea, eaioa, eeoeaicey, i?aaeienaiea e ae?.), aae?anao, iacia-
/aiea, niaea?aeaiea. Aia oaeie i?aaiaie oi?iu ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey ia nouanoaoao. Aiciiaeia onoiay oi?ia oaeiai aeoa?
I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi iao. Ainoaea?noaaiiay aiey ia iiaeao auoue au-
?aaeaia a oi?ia onoiiai ?anii?yaeaiey. Ai anyeii neo/aa a caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaa ia i?aaeoniao?eaaaony ?ac?aoaiey eaeeo-eeai aii?inia
a onoiie oi?ia.
2. Ieaiiaue aeo (i?ia?aiia) i?aaenoaaeyao niaie caaeaiea ii?-
iaoeaiiai (oi anoue i?aaeoniao?eaathuaa aaaeaiea oicyenoaa ii?aaea-
eaiiui ia?acii, iai?eia?, n i?aaeinoaaeaieai eiaanoi?ai eueaio a
niioaaonoaee n ainoaea?noaaiiie eiaanoeoeeiiiie i?ia?aiiie) eee
eiie?aoiiai oa?aeoa?a a aae?an oeacaiiuo a iai noauaeoia, iaycaiiuo
a neeo yoiai niaethaeaoue i?aaeoniio?aiiua a iai o?aaiaaiey eee
auiieieoue oeacaiiua aeaenoaey a onoaiiaeaiiue n?ie e eiathueo
i?aai o?aaiaaoue iaoa?eaeueii-oeiainiaiai iaania/aiey caaeaiiiai.
Oae, iai?eia?, ainoaea?noaaiiue caeac/ee iaycai auiieieoue oea-
caiey oeaeaaie i?ia?aiiu e eiaao i?aai o?aaiaaoue i?aaeinoaaeaiey
auaeaeaiiuo aeey yoiai oeiainiauo n?aaenoa (no. 2 i. 4 Caeiia i
iinoaaeao aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae).
Ieaiiaua aeou auaatho ?aciiai iacia/aiey e i?eieiathony ?ac-
ee/iuie i?aaiaie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey. Oaaea?aeueiua i?ia?aiiu
ii?aaeaeytho caaea/e a iaeanoe yeiiiieee, yeieiaee, nioeeaeueii-eoeue-
oo?iiai e iaoeeiiaeueiiai ?acaeoey (no. 71 Eiinoeoooeee ?O). Ieaiu
(i?ia?aiiu) noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ?aoatho niioaaono-
aothuea caaea/e ia eo oa??eoi?ee.
Ia aaca yoeo ieaiia-i?ia?aii nicaeathony e ?aaeecothony caoai
ieaiu e i?ia?aiiu eiie?aoiuo noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey.
Caeiiiaeaoaeue ia aeae iiea niaoeeaeueiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey i ieaie-
?iaaiee, niaea?aeaiee ieaiiauo aeoia, eo cia/aiee, iiyoiio i?a-
aiaia cia/aiea e niune ieaiiauo aeoia iu auaiaeei ec iaeioi?uo
ae?oaeo caeiiia, a /anoiinoe, Caeiia . A niioaaonoaee ni no. 1 yoiai
Caeiia ?acee/athony:
– oaaea?aeueiua oeaeaaua i?ia?aiiu (aeeth/ay eiiieaeniua i?i-
a?aiiu oaaea?aeueiiai cia/aiey, a a eo /enea i?ia?aiiu ooiaeaiai-
oaeueiuo iao/iuo enneaaeiaaiee, iiuoii-eiino?oeoi?neeo ?aaio);
!!196
– iaaeainoaea?noaaiiua oeaeaaua i?ia?aiiu, a eioi?uo o/anoaoao
?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey;
– i?ia?aiiu yenii?oiuo iinoaaie i?iaeoeoeee aeey auiieiaiey
iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo yeiiiie/aneeo, a oii /enea aaethoii-e?aaeeoiuo
iaycaoaeuenoa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
– i?ia?aiiu iiaeaea?aeaiey iaiaoiaeeiiai o?iaiy iai?iiiniinia-
iinoe e ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe.
A niioaaonoaee ni no?oeoo?ie i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aa-
eaiey e athaeaeaoiui ono?ienoaii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee auaeaeyaony
oaeaea o?iaaiue ?aaeiiaeueiuo oeaeaauo i?ia?aii (?anioaeee a ninoaaa
?O, aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiuo ie?oaia, e?aaa, iaeanoae,
ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa).
no. 2 Caeiia ii?aaeaeyao iniiaiua i?eioeeiu ?ac?aaioee e ?aa-
eecaoeee oeaeaauo i?ia?aii. Iie ?ac?aaaouaathony n o/aoii oi?ie-
?iaaiey niioaaonoaothueo athaeaeaoia. I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii iaania-
/eoue:
i?ei?eoao a ?aoaiee nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo, iai?iiiuo,
iao/ii-oaoie/aneeo, i?e?iaeiio?aiiuo e ae?oaeo aaaeiaeoeo ca-
aea/;
aeinoeaeaiea eiie?aoiiai eiia/iiai ?acoeueoaoa e iieo/aiea ia-
iaoiaeeiiai yeiiiie/aneiai yooaeoa a ia?eiae io iaeiiai aei iyoe
eao;
niaeaniaaiiinoue e eiiieaeniinoue ?aoaiey io?aneaauo e ?aaei-
iaeueiuo caaea/; oayceo oeiainiauo, iaoa?eaeueiuo e o?oaeiauo ?a-
no?nia.
Ana oeaeaaua i?ia?aiiu aeieaeiu iaania/eaaoueny niioaaonoaoth-
ueie oneiaeyie yeiiiie/aneiai noeioee?iaaiey (eueaiou ii iaeiao
ia i?eaueue, e?aaeeou ia eueaioiuo oneiaeyo, anneaiiaaiey ec athaeaeaoa
e ae?.).
3. Ieaiiaua aeou, eae iu aeaeei, i?eieiathony a iaania/aiea
ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae. Ainoaea?noaaiiua ioaeaeu – yoi iio?aaiinoue
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a i?iaeoeoeee, iaiaoiaeeiie aeey ?aoaiey ia-
uaiaoeeiiaeueiuo i?iaeai, ?aaeecaoeee nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo,
iai?iiiuo, iao/ii-oaoie/aneeo, i?e?iaeiio?aiiuo e ae?oaeo oeaea-
auo i?ia?aii, a oaeaea eiuo caaea/.
Ieaiiaua aeou aneaaenoaea yoiai ?aaeecothony n iiiiuueth i?a-
aiauo oi?i: ainoaea?noaaiiiai caeaca, ainoaea?noaaiiiai caeac/eea,
ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiio?aeoa, ieaiiaiai iaycaoaeuenoaa ainoaea?noaa
(e?ay, iaeanoe) e aincaeac/eea, aeiaiai?iiai iaycaoaeuenoaa aincaeac-
/eea e Iinoaaueea i?iaeoeoeee.
Ainoaea?noaaiiue caeac – yoi aeeth/aiiue a niioaaonoaothuae
ainoaea?noaaiiie i?ia?aiia iauai iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aa auiieiaiey
iinoaaie, ?aaio, oneoa, eioi?ue aee?aeoeaii aae?anoaony ainoaea?no-
aaiiiio caeac/eeo aeey eo ?aaeecaoeee.
!!197
Ainoaea?noaaiiue caeac/ee – yoi oa i?aaiaay oeao?a, eioi?ay
iacia/aaony i?aaiii, ooaa?aeaeathuei niioaaonoaothuea oeaeaaua i?i-
a?aiiu, aeey eo ?aaeecaoeee n i?aaeinoaaeaieai niioaaonoaothuae
eiiiaoaioeee a oeaeyo auiieiaiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai caeaca.
Iau/ii ainoaea?noaaiiuie caeac/eeaie aunooiatho i?aaiecaoeee
Oaaea?aeueiie eiio?aeoiie nenoaiu. Ii oiaa?ai iauai?iiuoeaiiiai
i?eiaiaiey e ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiui caeac/eeii
aunooiaao ei?ii?aoeey . I?e inouanoaeaiee aincaeo-
iie ca?ia, oeaaii?iaeoeoia e i?iaeoeoia ca?iiia?a?aaioee oaeoth
?ieue auiieiyao ei?ii?aoeey (*1).
Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiio?aeo – yoi aeiaiai?, caeeth/aaiue ainca-
eac/eeii a oeaeyo oaeiaeaoai?aiey ioaeae, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a niio-
aaonoaothuae oeaeaaie i?ia?aiia n iinoaaueeaie, iiae?yae/eeaie,
oneoaiaeaoaeyie.
A yoii aeiaiai?a, caeeth/aaiii naiaiaeii, ia ?uii/iie iniiaa,
ii?aaeaeythony ana oneiaey acaeiiaeaenoaey noi?ii. Aei iinoaaueeia
(ae?oaeo eniieieoaeae) ieeaeeo iaycaoaeueiuo caaeaiee ia aeiaiaeeony.
I?eaea/aiea eo inouanoaeyaony ia aeia?iaieueiie iniiaa, a oii /enea
iii iiaeao inouanoaeyoueny ia aaca eiieo?na, oi?aia e ae?oaeo ia-
?ii?eyoee. Iinoaaueee naiinoiyoaeueii i?eia?aoatho iaoa?eaeueiua
?ano?nu, iaiaoiaeeiua ei aeey auiieiaiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo eiio-
?aeoia. A aeiaiai?a ii?aaeaeythony e oa eueaioiua oneiaey, eioi?ua
auoaeatho ec oeaeaauo i?ia?aii.
A neeo iaycaoaeuenoaa, aicieeathuaai ec oeaeaaie i?ia?aiiu e
iacia/aiey ainoaea?noaaiiiai caeac/eea, iineaaeiee iaycai auiie-
ieoue caaeaiea ii iaania/aieth ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae e eiaao i?aai
o?aaiaaoue io ainoaea?noaa (eiiai noauaeoa oaaea?aoeee, ooaa?aeeaoaai
?aaeiiaeueioth oeaeaaoth i?ia?aiio) oeiainiaiai iaania/aiey iin-
oaaeaiiie caaea/e.
I?e ?aaeecaoeee aeaiiiai oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneiai iayca-
oaeuenoaa oe?iei i?eiaiyaony einoeooo i?eaea/aiey e eniieiaieth
o?aoueeo eeoe, eae ia noaaeee caeeth/aiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo eiio?aeoia,
oae e a i?ioeanna eo eniieiaiey. Ainoaea?noaaiiua caeac/eee iiaoo
ia eiio?aeoiie (aeiaiai?iie) iniiaa ia?aaeaaaoue i?aaiai ainoaea?no-
aaiiiai oi?aaeaiey, i?aaei?eyoeyi, i?aaiecaoeeyi e o/?aaeaeaieyi
auiieiaiea /anoe naieo ooieoeee ii oi?ie?iaaieth e ?aciauaieth
caeacia ia caeoieo e iinoaaeo i?iaeoeoeee aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo
ioaeae (*2). A i?ioeanna eniieiaiey caeeth/aiiuo eiio?aeoia iinoaaue-
eai (eiui eniieieoaeyi) oeacuaathony eiio?aeoiua iieo/aoaee
i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa). I?e yoii iinoaaueeai aa?aioe?oaony
(**1) Ni. Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 7 aaaonoa 1992 a. “0 ia?ao ii oi?ie?iaaieth oaaea-
?aeueiie eiio?aeoiie nenoaiu>. NAII, 1992, ? 7. no.387.
(**2) Ni.: no. 3 Caeiia
!!198
iieaoa i?iaeoeoeee ii oeaiai, ii?aaeaeaiiui a ainoaea?noaaiiii eii-
o?aeoa.
A neeo ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiio?aeoa aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey aino-
aea?noaaiiuo ioaeae iaeia noi?iia – iinoaauee (eiie eniieieoaeue)
iaycoaony iinoaaeoue i?iaeoeoeeth (auiieieoue ?aaiou, ieacaoue oneoae),
a ae?oaay noi?iia – ainoaea?noaaiiue caeac/ee (eee oiieiiii/aiiia
ei eeoei) – i?eiyoue e iieaoeoue eo.
Aeaiiia iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiia iaycaoaeuenoai ia ioee/aaony
io eiuo iaycaoaeuenoa. Aai auaeaeyao oieueei iniiaaiea aicieeiiaaiey
(eiio?aeo ai eniieiaiea ieaiiaiai caaeaiey) e oa eueaiou, eioi?ua
i?aaeinoaaeythony aeieaeieeo-iinoaaueeo (eiiio eniieieoaeth).
4. Aeo ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey – yoi iaea/aiiia a
onoaiiaeaiioth oi?io oeacaiea eiiiaoaioiiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?-
aaia, aae?aniaaiiia oicyenoaothuei noauaeoai eee eiie?aoiiio
noauaeoo e niaea?aeauaa o?aaiaaiea i aaaeaiee oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii eeai i i?eaaaeaiee aa a niioaao-
noaothuaa ninoiyiea. Anee oaeie aeo niaea?aeeo i?aaeei iiaaaeaiey
e aae?aniaai iaii?aaeaeaiiiio eiee/anoao noauaeoia, iu eiaai aeaei
n ii?iaoeaiui ?aaoee?iaaieai. Anee yoi oeacaiea eiie?aoiiio
noauaeoo, ?a/ue eaeao i eiie?aoiii ?aaoee?iaaiee.
E /eneo aeoia ii?iaoeaiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey iiaeii ioianoe,
iai?eia?, ooaa?aeaeaiea ia?a/iy aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee, naiaiaeiay ?a-
aeecaoeey eioi?uo cai?auaia (*1). Io ae?oaeo aeaeia i?aaiaiai ?aao-
ee?iaaiey aeou ?aaoee?iaaiey aeayoaeueiinoe ioee/athony iia?a-
oeaiui oa?aeoa?ii aicaeaenoaey. Iie iinyo iiaecaeiiiue oa?aeoa?
e ecaeathony iau/ii aeey iia?aoeaiiai ?aoaiey eiie?aoiuo caaea/
a ii?aaeaeaiiie noa?a oicyenoaiaaiey. Oiiiyiooue ia?a/aiue ni-
aea?aeeo, e i?eia?o, oeacaiey, eanathueany ae?aaioeaiiuo iaoaeeia
e eaiiae, no?aoaae/aneeo iaoa?eaeia, aii?oaeaiey, aiai?eiania,
?aaeeiaeoeaiuo iaoa?eaeia, yaeia e iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo aeaeia i?i-
aeoeoeee.
Eiie?aoiia ?aaoee?iaaiea – yoi ecaeaiea aeoa, ii?iaeaeathuaai,
eciaiythuaai eee i?ae?auathuaai oicyenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea.
Oaeei ia?acii aeo eiie?aoiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey – yoi anaaaea th?e-
aee/aneee oaeo.
?aaoee?iaaiea iiaeao auoue i?yiui, eiaaea niioaaonoaothuee aeo
niaea?aeeo aee?aeoeaiia oeacaiea (iai?eia?, aeo aioeiiiiiieueiiai
eiieoaoa n o?aaiaaieai i i?ae?auaiee ia?ooaiee Caeiia ), e einaaiiui, onoaiaaeeaathuei eueaiou e i?a-
(**1) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 22 oaa?aey 1992 a. i?aaeoniao?eaaao a no. 7 iauaa i?a-
aeei i eueaioao aeey ieaoaeueueeia iaeiaa. A i. 9 yoie noaouee i?aae-
oniio?aii, /oi i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe iaoeeiiaeueii-aino-
aea?noaaiiuo e aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiuo ia?aciaaiee ii-
ieii eueaio, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 7 Caeiia, iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoue
aeey ioaeaeueiuo eaoaai?ee ieaoaeueueeia aeiiieieoaeueiua eueaiou
ii iaeiao a i?aaeaeao noii iaeiaiauo ieaoaaeae, iai?aaeyaiuo a
eo athaeaeaou.
E /eneo i?aaiii?iaeaeathueo aeoia neaaeoao ioianoe aeou i?aae-
inoaaeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiie oeiainiaie iiiiue ainoaea?noaaiiuie
i?aaiaie a niioaaonoaee n ainoaea?noaaiiuie eiaanoeoeeiiiuie i?i-
a?aiiaie a aeaea aeioaoeee, noaneaeee, noaaaioeee, athaeaeaoiuo nnoae
ia ?acaeoea ioaeaeueiuo oa??eoi?ee, io?aneae i?iecaiaenoa (no. 10
Caeiia
N onoaiiaeaieai eeieoia naycaii aicieeiiaaiea i?aaa ia au-
aeaeaiiue iauai ?ano?nia. Iai?eia?, a niioaaonoaee ni no. 19 Caeiia .
?NON?
?iaeiiieueciaaiea onoaiaaeeaaaony niaoeeaeueii oiieiiii/aiiuie ia
oi i?aaiaie io?aiu ie?oaeathuae i?e?iaeiie n?aaeu.
N?aaee aeoia-?ac?aoaiee auaeaeyaony nenoaia eeoeaiceiiiuo ?ac-
?aoaiee. Eeoeaicee eae ?ac?aoeoaeueiua aeou i?eiaiythony a oeaeii
?yaea oicyenoaaiiuo neooaoeee. Iie auaeathony ia eiiieaeniia i?e-
?iaeiiieueciaaiea (no. 18 iacaaiiiai Caeiia
e eiii?o i?iaeoeoeee.
Eaeea aeaeu aeayoaeueiinoe o?aaotho niaoeeaeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey (ee-
oeaice?iaaiey)? Iiaeii iacaaoue ii e?aeiae ia?a ianeieueei aeaeia
oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe, aaea caeii (a eiiaaea e iiaecaeiiiue aeo) o?aaoao
oaeiai ?ac?aoaiey. Eeoeaicee iaiaoiaeeiu:
– ia inouanoaeaiea oioy au ioaeaeueiuo aaieianeeo iia?aoeee
aaieaie e ae?oaeie e?aaeeoiuie o/?aaeaeaieyie; eeoeaicey auaeaaony
!!200
Aaieii ?innee (no. 11 Caeiia );
– ia inouanoaeaiea ae?aeaaie oi?aiaee, aeayoaeueiinoe ae?aeaauo
iin?aaeieeia, ae?aeaauo a?iea?ia; eeoeaicee auaeathony Eiienneae
ii oiaa?iui ae?aeai i?e Aineiieoaoa ?O ii aioeiiiiiieueiie
iieeoeea e iiaeaea?aeea iiauo yeiiiie/aneeo no?oeoo? (no. 34 Caeiia
?O );
– ia aaaeaiea no?aoiaie aeayoaeueiinoe no?aoiauie i?aaieca-
oeeyie; eeoeaicee auaeathony Oaaea?aeueiie neoaeaie ?innee ii iaae-
ci?o ca no?aoiaie aeayoaeueiinoueth (no. 32 Caeiia ?O ) ;
– ia aaaeaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe n auiieiaieai ni-
ioaaonoaothueo aeaeia ?aaio; ia?a/aiue oaeeo ?aaio e ii?yaeie auaea/e
eeoeaicee onoaiaaeeaathony Niaaoaie Ieieno?ia ?O e ?anioaeee a
ninoaaa ?O (no. 6 Caeiia ?NON?
– ia aaaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe ii nayce; ana aeaeu aeayoaeueiinoe
ii nayce inouanoaeythony ia iniiaa eeoeaicee, auaeaaaaiuo Ie-
ienoa?noaii ?O ii nayce, eioi?iaoeea e einiino eee ii niaea-
niaaieth n yoei ieienoa?noaii (iinoaiiaeaiea Niaaoa Ieieno?ia
?NON? io 22 aeaeaa?y 1990 a.
? 596 (*1));
– ia aaaeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia e eo oi?aa-
eythueo; eeoeaice?iaaiea inouanoaeyaony Ainoaea?noaaiiui eiie-
oaoii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eio-
uanoaii – niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia i?eaaoe-
caoeee, aeeoioee?othueo i?eaaoecaoeeiiiua /aee a?aaeaeai;
Ieienoa?noaii oeiainia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee – anao inoaeueiuo
eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia (*2);
– aaaeaiea no?ieoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe;
– a eiuo onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii neo/ayo.
Iaaei neacaoue, /oi eeoeaicee eae aeou ?ac?aoaiey iiaoo auoue
ioicaaiu a neo/ayo ianiaethaeaiey oicyenoaothuei noauaeoii onoa-
iiaeaiiiai ii?yaeea aeayoaeueiinoe e oiaaea aeou iocuaa eeoeaicee
aunooiatho eae i?aaii?ae?auathuea aeou. I?aaii?ae?auathueie
aeoaie yaeythony oaeaea aeou-cai?aou oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
E eo /eneo ioiinyony aeou niyoey n i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeiaieuenoaaiiiai
nu?uey, ieuaauo i?iaeoeoia, eiioaeoe?othueo n ieie iaoa?eaeia e
ecaeaeee, ia niioaaonoaothueo naieoa?iui i?aaeeai ii iinoaiia-
(**1) NI. 1991 ,?6, no. 90.
Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O . – AAN, 1992, ? 42.
no. 2370.
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eaieth aeaaiiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai naieoa?iiai a?a/a eee aai caian-
oeoaey (no. 13 Caeiia ?NON? ).
I?aaieciaiythueie aeoaie iiaoo auoue ?aoaiey i?aaiia io?aiu
ie?oaeathuae i?e?iaeiie n?aaeu ia ia?aie/aiee aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoee, inouanoaeyaiie n ia?ooaieai i?e?iaeiio?aieoaeueiiai ca-
eiiiaeaoaeuenoaa (no. 7 Caeiia
Eiie?aoiua aeou iiaoo iineoue iaycuaathuee oa?aeoa? (aeou-
i?aaeienaiey), oa?aeoa? iiaeaea?aeee aeayoaeueiinoe (iai?eia?, iiae-
aea?aeea ?acaeaeaiey oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa eee aai auoiaea ec
aaaeiinoaaiiiai iiae/eiaiey Aioeiiiiiieueiui eiieoaoii ?O), ii-
aoo auoue naieoeeae-niaeaniaaieai aeayoaeueiinoe (iai?eia?, niaea-
niaaiea n e?aaaie, iaeanoiie aaeieieno?aoeeae ieaiia e ia?ii?eyoee
i?aaei?eyoeyie, eiaaea iie eiatho yeieiae/aneea, aeaiia?aoe/aneea
e eiua iineaaenoaey, cao?aaeaathuea eioa?anu ianaeaiey).
Ec niunea eaaeaeiai oaeiai aeoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiiai caeiiii, au-
oaeatho i?aaiaua iineaaenoaey aai i?eiyoey eee, iai?ioea, iai?e-
iyoey: iaycuaathuea aeou iiaeeaaeao eniieiaieth, iiaeaea?aeea aeaao
aiciiaeiinoue inouanoaeaiey iaia?aiey, niaeaniaaiea i?eaeaao ca-
eiiioth neeo ieaio eee ia?ii?eyoeth.
6. Aeo eiio?iey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aeaenoaea oiieiiii/aiiiai
ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?aaia, oeene?othuaai a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii
ii?aaeaeaiiia i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, ia
iniiaa eioi?iai aeieaeia inouanoaeyoueny aai iineaaeothuay oicyeno-
aaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue.
I?aaiaua oi?iu iauaai eiio?iey ca aeayoaeueiinoueth i?aaei?e-
yoee, auoaeathuea ec no. 28 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo, ninoiyo a
i?aaeinoaaeaiee aooaaeoa?neie e noaoenoe/aneie io/aoiinoe. Aoo-
aaeoa?neay io/aoiinoue a aeaea Oeiiauo oi?i, ooaa?aeaeaaiuo Iei-
oeiii ?O, i?aaenoaaeyaony a aeaea eaa?oaeueiie e aiaeiaie io/aoiinoe
nianoaaiieeai (i?aaiai, oiieiiii/aiiui oi?aaeyoue aineiouan-
oaii, o/anoieeai, o/?aaeeoaeyi a niioaaonoaee n o/?aaeeoaeueiuie
aeieoiaioaie); i?aaio iaeiaiaie einiaeoeee; i?aaio ainoaea?noaai-
iie noaoenoeee; ae?oaei aini?aaiai, ia eioi?ua a niioaaonoaee n
aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii aiceiaeaia i?iaa?ea ioaeaeueiuo
noi?ii aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey e iieo/aiea niioaaonoaothuae
io/aoiinoe.
Noaoenoe/aneay io/aoiinoue a aeaea Oeiiauo oi?i, ooaa?aeaeaaiuo
Aineiinoaoii ?O, i?aaenoaaeyaony i?aaio ainoaea?noaaiiie noaoen-
oeee.
A ii?yaeea iauaai eiio?iey i?aaei?eyoey i?aaenoaaeytho oaeaea
ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiai eioi?iaoeeth, iaiaoiaeeioth aeey iaeiai-
iaeiaeaiey, aaaeaiey iauaainoaea?noaaiiie nenoaiu nai?a e ia?aaioee
yeiiiie/aneie eioi?iaoeee. Yoa eioi?iaoeey iiaeao eiaoue ooaa?-
!!202
aeaeaiiua a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea ieienoa?noaaie e aaaeiinoaaie
oi?iu ?an/aoia, ni?aaie e eiuo oi?i (iai?eia?, i?eeiaeaieyie
e Eino?oeoeee Ainiaeiaiaie neoaeau ?O io 6 ia?oa 1992 a. ? 4
yaeythony ?an/ao iaeiaa io oaeoe/aneie i?eauee, Ni?aaea ia aaai-
niauo aciinao a athaeaeao, enoiaey ec i?aaeiieaaaaiie i?eauee ia
oaeouee eaa?oae (*1)).
Ana aeaeu iauaai eiio?iey iinyo oaeouee e iineaaeothuee oa-
?aeoa?. Auyaeaiiua ia?ooaiey aeaeoo i?eiaiaiea e i?aaei?eyoeth
iaeiaiauo e eiuo i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Niioaaonoaaiii e eiio?iee?othuea ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaiu ianoo
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca iaiaaeeaaeauaa inouanoaeaiea eiio?iey, a /ano-
iinoe, ca ia?ooaiea eiiia?/aneie oaeiu i?aaei?eyoey.
7. Ae?oaea aeaeu eiio?iey ca aeayoaeueiinoueth i?aaei?eyoey, ino-
uanoaeyaiua a ?acee/iuo noa?ao, aaaeoony ii ia?a iaiaoiaeeiinoe.
Oaeie eiio?ieue iiaeao auoue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiui (i?ioeeaeoe/aneee
iaaeeoeeineee iniio?), oaeouei e iineaaeothuei (yeieiae/aneee
eiio?ieue, aioeiiiiiieueiua i?iaa?ee).
I?aaiaua oi?iu oaeiai eiio?iey – ?acee/iu. Yoi iiaoo auoue
aeou, a oii /enea aeou yeieiae/aneie yenia?oecu, ninoaaeaiea
i?ioieieia, eno?aaiaaiea naaaeaiee e ae?.
I?iaaaeaiea eiio?iey aeieaeii niioaaonoaiaaoue eiiiaoaioeee eii-
o?iee?othuaai i?aaia. I?aaei?eyoea ai?aaa ia auiieiyoue o?aaiaaiee
i?aaiia ii aii?inai, ia aoiaeyuei a eo eiiiaoaioeeth, e ia ciaeiieoue
eo n iaoa?eaeaie, ia ioiinyueieny e i?aaeiaoo i?iaa?ee.
?acoeueoaou i?iaa?ie niiauathony i?aaei?eyoeth. Ia?ooaiey, on-
oaiiaeaiiua aeoaie eiio?iey, ?aaeecothony i?aaiaie ainoaea?noaai-
iie aeanoe a caaeneiinoe io oa?aeoa?a ia?ooaiey iooai i?eiaiaiey
naieoeee oiieiiii/aiiui i?aaiii, ia?auaieai a a?aeo?aaeiue noae,
ae?oaeie i?aaeoniio?aiiuie caeiiii niiniaaie n oeaeueth i?ana/aiey
ia?ooaiee e ainnoaiiaeaiey ia?ooaiiuo i?aa e eioa?ania.
8. A iniauo i?aaiauo oi?iao eiio?iee?oaony ea/anoai i?iaeoe-
oeee. Eie yaeythony AINOu e ae?oaea onoaiiaeaiiua o?aaiaaiey
noaiaea?oecaoeee, iaoiaeu na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee, oneoa.
Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiio?ieue inouanoaeyaony a neo/ayo onoaiiaea-
iey AINOaie iaycaoaeueiuo o?aaiaaiee, a oaeaea iaycaoaeueiie na?-
oeoeeaoeee, oi anoue iaycaoaeueiiai iiaeoaa?aeaeaiey niioaaonoaey i?i-
aeoeoeee onoaiiaeaiiui o?aaiaaieyi. Auaeaaaaiua aeieoiaiou (na?-
oeoeeaou) e ciaee niioaaonoaey (ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiua a
onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea) iaycuaatho ecaioiaeoaeae (i?iaeaaoeia, en-
iieieoaeae) iaania/eoue niioaaonoaea ?aaeecoaiie i?iaeoeoeee o?a-
aiaaieyi ii?iaoeaiuo aeieoiaioia, ia niioaaonoaea eioi?ui iia
auea na?oeoeoee?iaaia e ia?ee?iaaia.
(**1) Iaeiae, nai?u, iioeeiu ?innee. N. 63-65.
!!203
Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiio?ieue ca niaethaeaieai noaiaea?oia i?aaee
iaycaoaeueiie na?oeoeeaoeee iaania/eaatho i?aaiu Ainnoaiaea?oa ?O,
eiua niaoeeaeueii oiieiiii/aiiua i?aaiu oi?aaeaiey ?O (*1).
9. Iniaoth noa?o i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaaeci? (eiio?ieue) Aaiea
?innee ca aeayoaeueiinoueth aaieia. Aio iinayuaia ae. VII Caeiia . Oa?aeoa?iui yaeyaony
oi, /oi Aaie ?innee onoaiaaeeaaao a ea/anoaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aaiea aaeeiua i?aaeea aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa a aaieao, noaoenoe/aneie
io/aoiinoe e niaa?oaiey aaieianeeo iia?aoeee. Ii onoaiaaeeaaao
aeey aaieia iauaiu e n?iee i?aaenoaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neie e noaoen-
oe/aneie io/aoiinoe. Aaie ?innee onoaiaaeeaaao e yeiiiie/aneea
ii?iaoeau, iaycaoaeueiua e niaethaeaieth, e eiio?iee?oao eo niaeth-
aeaiea. Ii aea ai?aaa e i?eiaieoue naieoeee a nayce n auyaeaiiuie
a ?aaioa aaieia ia?ooaieyie aieioue aei iocuaa eeoeaicee ia niaa?-
oaiea aaieianeeo iia?aoeee.
Niioaaonoaaiii iniaui ia?acii eiio?iee?oaony oicyenoaaiiay
aeayoaeueiinoue no?aoiauo i?aaiecaoeee ii eeiee ?inno?aoiaaeci?a e
aai oa??eoi?eaeueiuo i?aaiia.
4. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea aicaeaenoaey i?aaiia ianoiiai
naiioi?aaeaiey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue
1. Naia aicaeaenoaea ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ieacuaatho
e i?aaiu ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey. Oaeeie i?aaiaie yaeythony
ianoiua i?aaenoaaeoaeueiua i?aaiu, niioaaonoaothuay ianoiay aaeie-
ieno?aoeey. Eiaiii iie ?aaeecotho aeanoue ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey.
Eiua i?aaiu oa??eoi?eaeueiiai iauanoaaiiiai naiioi?aaeaiey, ni-
caeaaaaiua ianaeaieai, iiaoo oaeaea ieacuaaoue naia aicaeaenoaea ia
aeayoaeueiinoue oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia. I?aaenoaaeyaony, iaeiaei,
/oi eiiiaoaioeey oaeeo i?aaiia iiaeao auoue iieo/aia io i?aaenoa-
aeoaeueiuo i?aaiia aeanoe ec ninoaaa oao eo iieiiii/ee, eioi?uie
iie iaaeaeaiu a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii . Eiia icia/aei au iaia?aie/aiiia ?anoe?aiea eiiia-
oaioeee i?aaiia oa??eoi?eaeueiie aeanoe ia aiaoaoaeuenoai a oicye-
noaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue.
2. Iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi aeaaiuie oeao?aie n?aaee i?aaiia
ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey aunooiatho ?aeiiu e ai?iaea, eioi?ua aeae-
noaotho /a?ac naie i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey e iaeaaeatho ioie-
oeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoueth. Anee ?anniio?aoue eiiiaoaioeeth aaeie-
ieno?aoeee iinaeeiauo e naeueneeo ?aaeiiia, oi iao?oaeii onoaiiaeoue,
(**1) Caeii ?O . – AAN, 1993, ? 25, no. 917; Caeii ?O . – AAN, 1993, ? 26, no. 966.
!!204
/oi eo aicaeaenoaea ia aaaeaiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe yaeyaony
ieieiaeueiui. Iii naycaii:
– n ooaa?aeaeaieai ieaiia e i?ia?aii ia naiae oa??eoi?ee, a
oaeaea aiaathaeaeaoiuo oiiaeia, /oi icia/aao a nouiinoe aiciiaeiinoue
aunooieoue caeac/eeii i?e ?aaeecaoeee niioaaonoaothuae i?ia?aiiu
eae noauaeoa, noi?ie?iaaaoaai naie oeiainiaua aiciiaeiinoe aeey
yoiai;
– n ii?aaeaeaieai oneiaee i?eia?aoaiey, nicaeaiey, i?aia?aci-
aaiey iauaeoia ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, ooaa?aeaeaieai ia?a-
/iy noauaeoia oaeie nianoaaiiinoe, i?eia?aoaiea, nicaeaiea e i?a-
ia?aciaaiea eioi?uo o?aaoao niaeaney aaeieieno?aoeee niioaaonoao-
thuae oa??eoi?ee (?a/ue eaeao i oao iauaeoao, eioi?ua ia?aaeathony
iinaeeiaui e naeueneei ia?aciaaieyi);
– n onoaiiaeaieai ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie oa??eoi?ee oneiaee
?aciauaiey i?aaei?eyoee, ia iaoiaeyueony a ioieoeeiaeueiie niano-
aaiiinoe;
– n onoaiiaeaieai a niioaaonoaee n caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii i?aaee
iieueciaaiey i?e?iaeiuie ?ano?naie, i?einoaiiaeaieai no?ie-
oaeuenoaa e yenieoaoaoeee iauaeoia a neo/aa ia?ooaiey yeieiae-
/aneeo, naieoa?iuo, no?ieoaeueiuo ii?i ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie
oa??eoi?ee;
– n ?ac?aoaieai ia?ii?eyoee, iaia/aiiuo a ieaiao i?aaei?e-
yoee, eieoicia, eiiia?aoeaia, cao?aaeaathueo yeieiae/aneea, aea-
iia?aoe/aneea e eiua noi?iiu aeecie ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie oa??e-
oi?ee;
– n eiio?ieai ia naiae oa??eoi?ee ca niaethaeaiea i?e?iaeiio-
?aiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, iaeiaeaieai oo?aoia ca oua?a, i?e/e-
iaiiue i?e?iaeiie n?aaea;
– n aea/ae ?ac?aoaiee ia no?ieoaeuenoai ia naiae oa??eoi?ee
anao iauaeoia i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iacia/aiey, i?einoaiiaeaieai
no?ieoaeuenoaa, inouanoaeyaiiai n ia?ooaieai ooaa?aeaeaiiuo i?i-
aeoia, ieaiia e i?aaee cano?ieee;
– n inouanoaeaieai eiio?iey ca ?aaioie o?ainii?oiuo i?aae-
i?eyoee ia naiae oa??eoi?ee (ii ia?o?ooai e a?aoeeai aeaeaeaiey);
(ec aeaau 6 Caeiia ).
3. Aieaa cia/eoaeueiay eiiiaoaioeey ?aeiiiuo e ai?iaeneeo i?-
aaiia aeanoe. Ei i?aaeinoaaeaii i?aai aeaaaoue ?ac?aoaiea ia caiyoea
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth a neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 36
Caeiia .
Iie aea inouanoaeytho ainoaea?noaaiioth ?aaeno?aoeeth i?aaei?eyoee
(LT. 34 iacaaiiiai Caeiia).
I?aaiu, aicaeaaeythuea ?aeiiu e ai?iaea, nicaeatho e i?ae?auatho
i?aaei?eyoey, iniiaaiiua ia ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, ii?a-
aeaeytho oneiaey e ii?yaeie eo i?eaaoecaoeee.
!!205
I?aaa a iaeanoe ieaie?iaaiey, ooaa?aeaeaiey ieaiia e i?i-
a?aii iiaeii ioeaieaaoue eae einaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ia oicyenoaai-
ioth Aeayoaeueiinoue, iineieueeo a ieo in i?aaeoniao?eaaaony aee?ae-
oeaiuo oeacaiee a aae?an oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia e eeoue iaia-
/athony aiciiaeiua i?eaioe?u oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe ia aeaiiie
oa??eoi?ee.
A ea/anoaa i?aaiia, iaeaaeathueo eiiiaoaioeeae a ioiioaiiee
caiee e eiuo i?e?iaeiuo ?ano?nia, iie ?aaeecotho eiiiaoaioeeth
ii ?aaoee?iaaieth (ii?iaoeaiiio e eiie?aoiiio) iieueciaaiey
oaeeie iauaeoaie: onoaiaaeeaatho ii?yaeie e oneiaey nicaeaiey e
i?aia?aciaaiey i?aaei?eyoee ia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiie oa??eoi?ee; on-
oaiaaeeaatho eaiou ia ?ac?aaioeo iaoiaeyueony a eo aaaeaiee iie-
aciuo eneiiaaiuo; ii?aaeaeytho i?aaeea iieueciaaiey i?e?iaeiuie
?ano?naie; i?einoaiaaeeaatho no?ieoaeuenoai eee yenieoaoaoeeth
iauaeoia a neo/aa ia?ooaiey yeieiae/aneeo, naieoa?iuo, no?ie-
oaeueiuo ii?i; cai?auatho ia iniiaaiee caeeth/aiey niioaaonoao-
thueo neoaea i?iaaaeaiea ia?ii?eyoee, eioi?ua iiaoo aucaaoue
iaaeaaii?eyoiua yeieiae/aneea eciaiaiey, eciaiaiey aeaiia?a-
oe/aneie neooaoeee eee ae?oaea iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey; onoaiaa-
eeaatho i?aaeea iieueciaaiey aiaeicaai?iuie nii?oaeaieyie, i?aae-
iacia/aiiuie aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey ioaeae ianaeaiey, a oaeaea ciiu
naieoa?iie io?aiu aiaeiuo iauaeoia a niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie
naieoa?iuo ii?i.
I?aaiu ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey inouanoaeytho niaeaniaaiea ii
ieaiai i?aaei?eyoee e ia?ii?eyoeyi, eioi?ua iiaoo eiaoue yeiei-
ae/aneea, aeaiia?aoe/aneea e eiua iineaaenoaey, cao?aaeaathuea ei-
oa?anu ianaeaiey ?aeiia.
Aiaeece?oy aeinoaoi/ii aannenoaiiue iaai? iieiiii/ee ?aeiiia
e ai?iaeia a iaeanoe yeiiiieee, neaaeoao naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi a iniiaiii
iie aeaenoaotho a oicyenoaaiiii iai?ioa eae iau/iua noauaeou.
nicaeathuea i?aaei?eyoey, caeeth/athuea ?acee/iiai ?iaea naeaeee,
ie?aoaiiua ia oeaeyie ecaea/aiey i?eauee, a caaea/aie iaania/aiey
eioa?ania ianaeaiey oa??eoi?ee.
Ec anao aiciiaeiinoae aeanoii inouanoaeyoue ?aaoee?othuoth eii-
iaoaioeeth a ioiioaiee ae?oaeo oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia iiaeii
ia?aoeoue aieiaiea, iiaeaeoe, oieueei ia i?aai ?aeiiiie e ai?iaeneie
aaeieieno?aoeee auaeaaaoue (n ia?aaea/ae niioaaonoaothueo iaoa?eaeue-
iuo ?ano?nia) i?aaei?eyoeyi e i?aaiecaoeeyi ianoiue caeaca ?ac-
ia?a aei 5% iauaia i?iecaiaeeiie i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia) e ieacuaa-
aiuo oneoa (no. 59 i. 4 e no. 70 i. 4 Caeiia i ianoiii naiioi?aa-
eaiee). Oaeie caeac iaycaoaeai e eniieiaieth.
Eiio?ieueiua aiciiaeiinoe ?aeiiiuo e ai?iaeneeo i?aaiia ian-
oiiai naiioi?aaeaiey naycaiu n inouanoaeaieai ooieoeee ii io?aia
caiee, i?e?iaeiuo ?ano?nia, eania, iaae?, aoiinoa?iiai aicaeooa,
!!206
?anoeoaeueiiai e aeeaioiiai ie?a, iaania/aiey eioa?ania ianaeaiey
oa??eoi?ee. Yoa eiiiaoaioeey cae?aieaia a ae. 7-8 Caeiia i ianoiii
naiioi?aaeaiee, a oaeaea a caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, iaania/eaathuai ni-
ioaaonoaothuea noa?u iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee.
5. I?aaiaua eino?oiaiou ainoaea?noaaiiiai
ii?ie?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
A oiaea inouanoaeaiey eiio?iey ca oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth
auaaao iaiaoiaeeii aeey ioeaiee i?aaiia?iinoe eee iai?aaiia?iinoe
iiaaaeaiey oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa aaanoe eiee/anoaaiiua ecia-
?eoaee (eee iieacaoaee) oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?acee/iuo noa?ao
oicyenoaiaaiey. A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue n?aaee ieo aeieaeiu auoue iacaaiu
ii?iu e ii?iaoeau.
Ii?iu e ii?iaoeau i?aaenoaaeytho niaie ?ac?aaioaiiua ca?aiaa
e ooaa?aeaeaiiua a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea aaee/eiu iio?aaeaiey
iniiaiuo oiiaeia, i?e?iaeiuo e iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia, aeiionoeiuo
a?aaeiuo aua?inia e ae?oaeo iiaeeaaeaueo iaycaoaeueiiio i?eiaiaieth
oneiaee oicyenoaiaaiey. Ii?iaoeau a ioee/ea io ii?i ia i?inoua,
a neioaoe/aneea aaee/eiu, ioee/athueany neiaeiui ecia?aieai
iiiaioaeoi?iuo neaaaaiuo (iai?eia?, ii?iaoea i?aaeaeueii aeiion-
oeiuo inoaoi/iuo eiee/anoa a?aaeiuo oeie/aneeo aauanoa, ?ann/e-
ouaaaiue ia iniiaa ieieiaeueii aeiionoeiuo inoaoi/iuo aauanoa
a i?iaeoeoao ieoaiey ii eaaeaeiio eniieuecoaiiio oeie/aneiio aa-
uanoao i?e noiia?iii eo aicaeaenoaee).
Ii?iu e ii?iaoeau eiatho ii?aaeaeaiiua aae?anaou. A caaene-
iinoe io oiai, anai eee noauaeoai, aeaenoaothuei a ii?aaeaeaiiie
noa?a, i?aaenoieo eo i?eiaiyoue, iiaeii ?acee/aoue ii?iu e ii?iaoeau
iauaai e niaoeeaeueiiai aeaenoaey. Iaueie aeey anao noauaeoia oi-
cyenoaiaaiey yaeythony ii?iu aii?oecaoeeiiiuo io/eneaiee, ii?iu
e ii?iaoeau ioianaiey ia naaanoieiinoue cao?ao ii eiiaiaee?iaeai,
ia i?aaenoaaeoaeueneea ?anoiaeu, ?anoiaeu ia ?aeeaio, ia iiaeaioiaeo
e ia?aiiaeaioiaeo eaae?ia (*1). E iei neaaeoao ioianoe naieoa?iua ii?iu
e aeaeaie/aneea ii?iaoeau, eioi?uie onoaiaaeeaatho e?eoa?ee
naieoa?iie aaciianiinoe /aeiaaea ia i?iecaiaenoaa.
E ii?iai e ii?iaoeaai niaoeeaeueiiai aeaenoaey neaaeoao ioianoe
oa, eioi?ua ooaa?aeaeaiu aeey noauaeoia, eiaaea eo aeayoaeueiinoue ni-
i?yaeaia, iai?eia?, n i?e?iaeiiieueciaaieai eee naycaia n eiie
ii?ie?oaiie noa?ie. A niioaaonoaee n ?acaeaeii IV Caeiia
i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiuo a?aaeiuo aicaeaenoaee ia ie?oaeathuoth i?e-
?iaeioth n?aaeo: ii?iaoeau i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiuo eiioeaio?aoeee a?aae-
iuo aauanoa; ii?iaoeau i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiuo aua?inia e na?inia
a?aaeiuo aauanoa; ii?iaoeau i?aaeaeueiiaeiionoeiuo o?iaiae ooia,
aea?aoeee iaaieoiuo iieae e eiuo a?aaeiuo oece/aneeo aicaeaenoaee;
ii?iaoeau i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiiai o?iaiy ?aaeeaoeeiiiiai aicaeaeno-
aey e ae?.
A ?yaea neo/aaa i?eiaiythony oae iacuaaaiua eeieou, oi anoue
i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiua aaee/eiu eniieueciaaiey ?ano?nia, eee, ia-
i?ioea, i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiua aua?inu, na?inu caa?yciythueo aa-
uanoa. Oaeiau eeieou ia i?e?iaeiiieueciaaiea (no. 19 Caeiia
Aeecee ii naiaio cia/aieth e iei eaiou, i?eiaiyaiua i?e
yenii?oa oiaa?ia, eioi?ua auaeaeythony oiieiiii/aiiuie ainoaea?-
noaaiiuie i?aaiaie iinoaaueeai (i?iaeaaoeai) e ii?aaeaeytho aeey
ieo i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiua iauaiu yenii?oa aeaiiiai aeaea i?iaeoeoeee
e oiaa?ia.
A oicyenoaaiiie i?aeoeea i?eiaiythony e oaeea eino?oiaiou,
eae onoaiiaeaiea iauaiia iinoaaie. A /anoiinoe, iinoaaea ec oa-
aea?aeueiiai oiiaea ca?ia e a oaaea?aeueiue oiiae inouanoaeyaony a
niioaaonoaee n iauaiaie, ooaa?aeaeaaiuie i?aaeoaeuenoaii (*1). Onoa-
iaaeeaathony e iauaiu iinoaaie ec oaaea?aeueiiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oiiaea (*2).
I?aaiaie niune
aee?aeoeaiii ii?aaeaeaiee iauaia iinoaaie, eo aaee/eiu. Yoio ei-
no?oiaio, i/aaeaeii, ia niioaaonoaoao ?uii/iiio iaoaiecio e iiaeao
?anniao?eaaoueny eae a?aiaiiay ia?a.
A oeaiiaie iieeoeea ainoaea?noaa eniieuecoaony oaeay eaoaai?ey,
eae onoaiiaeaiea i?aaeaeueiuo oeai, a oaeaea i?aaeaeueiua eiyooeoee-
aiou iiauoaiey oeai, /oi icia/aao onoaiiaeaiea aa?oiae a?aieoeu
oeaiu iaiin?aaenoaaiii eeai aiciiaeiiai e?aoiiai aa iiauoaiey^.
A ea/anoaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai ii?ie?iaaiey aunooiatho oaeaea
aeou Aaiea ?innee, eioi?uie onoaiaaeeaathony yeiiiie/aneea ii?-
iaoeau aeey aaieia (no. 24 Caeiia ), i?ioeaioiua noaaee ii e?aaeeoai, auaeaaaaiui ca
n/ao ainoaea?noaaiiuo ?ano?nia.
(**1) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 24 aaaonoa 1992 a.
6. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea iiaeaea?aeaiey eiieo?aioeee
ia ?uiea e ia?aie/aiea iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe
1. Ia?aoiae e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi iinoaaee ia?aae ainoaea?noaii
caaea/o iaania/eoue ii?iaeueiua ?uii/iua ioiioaiey, iiaeaea?aeaoue
eiieo?aioeeth eae aeaaioth aeaeaeouoth neeo ?uiea e iiaeaaeoue ii-
iiiieenoe/aneea oaiaeaioeee a ai?ueaa ca iieo/aiea i?eauee a iaoiae
ii?iaeueiuo ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee.
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee yoie caaea/e ecaeai niaoeeaeueiue Caeii e nicaeaiu niaoeeaeueiua ainoaea?noaaiiua aioeii-
iiiieueiua i?aaiu (*2).
Iniiaaieyie aeey ainoaea?noaaiiiai aiaoaoaeuenoaa a aeaea ?uiea
yaeythony: a) onoaiiaeaiea aeiieie?othuaai iieiaeaiey ia ?uiea
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia; a) ceioiio?aaeaiea oicyenoaothuaai
noauaeoa aeiieie?othuei iieiaeaieai ia ?uiea; a) niaeaniaaiiua
aeaenoaey oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia, ia?aie/eaathueo eiieo?aioeeth:
a) i?eiyoea aeoia i?aaiaie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, iai?aaeaiiuo ia
ia?aie/aiea eiieo?aioeee; ae) aeinoeaeaiea niaeaoaiee i?aaiia aeanoe
e oi?aaeaiey, ia?aie/eaathueo eiieo?aioeeth; a) o/anoea a i?aae-
i?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe ainoaea?noaaiiie
aeanoe e ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey; ae) iaaeia?iniaanoiay eiieo-
?aioeey (?acae. II-III Caeiia).
2. Aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea ia ?uiea (no. 4 iacaaiiiai Caei-
ia) – yoi eneeth/eoaeueiia iieiaeaiea oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa ia
?uiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai oiaa?a, aeathuaa aio aiciiaeiinoue ieacuaaoue
?aoathuaa aeeyiea ia eiieo?aioia, cao?oaeiyoue aeinooi ia ?uiie
ae?oaei oicyenoaothuei noauaeoai eee eiui ia?acii ia?aie/eaaoue
naiaiaeo eo yeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. Aeiieie?othuei i?eciaaony
iieiaeaiea oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, aeiey eioi?iai ia ?uiea ii-
?aaeaeaiiiai oiaa?a i?aauoaao i?aaeaeueioth aaee/eio, onoaiaaeeaa-
aioth aaeaaiaeii Aioeiiiiiieueiui eiieoaoii ?O, ca eneeth/aieai
oao neo/aaa, eiaaea oicyenoaothuee noauaeo aeieaaeao, /oi, ianiio?y
ia i?aauoaiea i?aaeaeueiie aaee/eiu, aai iieiaeaiea ia ?uiea ia
yaeyaony aeiieie?othuei. Ia iiaeao auoue i?eciaii aeiieie?othuei
iieiaeaiea oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, aeiey eioi?iai ia ?uiea ii-
?aaeaeaiiiai oiaa?a ia i?aauoaao 35%.
Caeiiiaeaoaeue, i?eaioe?oynue ia eiee/anoaaiiua ia?aiao?u aei-
ieie?othuaai iieiaeaiey, oai ia iaiaa ia oioneaao ec aeaeo oi, /oi
(*1) AAN, 1991. ? 16. no. 499.
(*2) Ni.: Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 24 aaaonoa 1992 a. . – AAN, 1992. ? 35. no. 2008. Ni. oaeaea: Oeiiaia iieiaeaiea i
oa??eoi?eaeueiuo oi?aaeaieyo AEA11 ?O. – YeAE, 1991 , ? 44
!!209
noauaeo, iieo/eaoee aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea, ii nouanoao, ia
iiaeao ia aeiieie?iaaoue ia ?uiea, eai neooaoeey iiaeao auoue oaeie,
/oi iieiaeaiea i?iecaiaeeoaey, iai?eia?, oieeaeueii, /oi aai i?i-
aeoeoeey aiiaua i?aainoiaeeo ii ea/anoao i?iaeoeoeeth ae?oaeo i?iec-
aiaeeoaeae, a oeaio ii iacia/aao ieaea ie?iaiai o?iaiy oeai.
Eaeiau iineaaenoaey aeiieie?othuaai iieiaeaiey ia ?uiea oi-
cyenoaothuaai noauaeoa? Caeanue iaaei n?aco neacaoue, /oi i?aeoeea
iioea ii iooe i?eciaiey iiiiiieenoaie i?aaei?eyoee, caieia-
thueo aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea ia ?uiea, iacaaeneii io oiai,
inouanoaeyaony ee eie iiiiiieenoe/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue e i?e-
aaaatho ee aeiieie?othuea i?aaei?eyoey e iaaeia?iniaanoiie eii-
eo?aioeee.
Noauaeou, caieiathuea aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea ia ?uiea,
iiaeeaaeao aeeth/aieth a ainoaea?noaaiiue ?aano? i?aaei?eyoee-iiii-
iieenoia (*1). Oi?ie?iaaiea aeaiiiai ?aano?a, aeiaaaeaiea aei caeioa?a-
niaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee eioi?iaoeee i aeeth/aiee a ?aano? eee en-
eeth/aiey ec ?aano?a inouanoaeyaony AEAI ?O. I?aaeeiaeaiey ii
aeeth/aieth a ?aano? i?aaei?eyoee, yaeythueony iiiiiieenoaie,
iiaoo i?aaenoaaeyoueny a AEAI ?O iio?aaeoaeyie i?iaeoeoeee yoeo
i?aaei?eyoee. I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?anioaeee, aoiaeyueo a ?O, i?aaiu
eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiuo ia?aciaaiee,
ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa eee ii eo ii?o/aieth ae?oaea
i?aaiu auyaeytho i?aaei?eyoey, yaeythueany iiiiiieenoaie ia ian-
oiii ?uiea, e aiinyo i?aaeeiaeaiey a AEAI ?O aeey aeeth/aiey eo
a ?aano?.
I?aaiaui neaaenoaeai aeeth/aiey a ?aano? yaeyaony:
a) eiio?ieue ca oeaiaie ia i?iaeoeoeeth, ii eioi?ie i?aaei?eyoey
iauyaeaiu iiiiiieenoaie:
a) onoaiiaeaiea ii?yaeea, i?e eioi?ii i?iaeoeoeey, eioi?ay ?aa-
eecoaony ii ?aaoee?oaiui oeaiai, ?aaeecoaony i?aaei?eyoeyie-ii-
iiiieenoaie eneeth/eoaeueii ii ?aaoee?oaiui oeaiai;
a) onoaiiaeaiea i?aaeea, /oi i?iaeoeoeey, ?aaeecoaiay eie ii
naiaiaeiui oeaiai, aeaeea?e?oaony anyeee ?ac, eiaaea i?aaei?eyoea-
iiiiiieeno iiauoaao ia iaa oeaio; aeaeea?aoeey iiaeao auoue i?eiyoue
i?aaiaie oeaiiia?aciaaiey e oiaaea iiiiiieeno, ca?aaeno?e?iaai
oeaio, iieo/aao i?aai i?iaeaaaoue oiaa? ii iiaie oeaia, ii aeaeea?aoee-
iiaeao auoue e ioaa?aiooa e oiaaea i?aaei?eyoea-iiiiiieeno iaycai’
nio?aiyoue i?aaeiee o?iaaiue oeai (*2).
(**1) Ni.: Iieiaeaiea i ainoaea?noaaiiei ?aano?a ?NONA .’fi”^^cy^^ii(
lillU e i?aaei?eyoee
iiiiiieenoia, aeaenoaothueo i;1 oiaa?iuo ?uieao, Oo1i.’?ae.ai1.1 i?eeacii AEEA1
?^ON? ? 60 io 10 ieoya?y 1991 a. -YeAE, 1992, ? 1.
(**2) Ni.: Iieiaeaiea i ii?yaeea ?aaoee?iaaiey oeai ia i?iaeoeoeeth i?aaei?eyoee-ieie
iieunoia. Ooaa?aeaeaii Ieienoa?noaii yeiiiieee e oeiainia ?O 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 i
? ?-424. -YeAE. 1992, ? 6).
!!210
3. Iiiiiieenoe/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue oicyenoaothueo noauae-
oia ninoieo a niaa?oaiee noauaeoii, aeiieie?othuei ia ?uiea
(e niioaaonoaaiii aeeth/aiiui a ?aano?), aeaenoaee, oeacaiiuo a
i. , ,
iaeaieai a ia?a/eneaiiuo a Caeiia oi?iao. Iiiiiieenoe/aneay
aeayoaeueiinoue yaeyaony i?aaiia?ooaieai. E ia?ooeoaeth i?eia-
iythony i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii naieoeee, a oaeaea ia?u ioaao-
noaaiiinoe.
E /eneo naieoeee ioiineony aaaaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee-
?iaaiey oeai ia i?iaeoeoeeth i?aaei?eyoey-iiiiiieenoa. ?aoaiea i
aaaaeaiee ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey oeai i?eieiaaony Ieien-
oa?noaii yeiiiieee e oeiainia ?O ii i?aaenoaaeaieth AEAI ?O
a ?acoeueoaoa aiaeeca iineaaenoaee ceioiio?aaeaiee aeiieie?othuei
iieiaeaieai ia oiaa?iuo ?uieao ni noi?iiu i?aaei?eyoey-iiiiii-
eenoa. Oaeia ?aoaiea iai?aaeyaony i?aaei?eyoeth-ecaioiaeoaeth i?i-
aeoeoeee (oiaa?a, oneoa); i?aaeoaeuenoaai ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?O,
i?aaiai eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiuo ia?a-
ciaaiee, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa. Ia ?anioaeeeaineii
?uiea ?aaoee?iaaiea oeai iaeiei ec aiciiaeiuo (*1) iaoiaeia inouanoa-
eyao Oaaea?aeueiue i?aai oeaiiia?aciaaiey, ia ianoiuo ?uieao –
yoi eiiiaoaioeey i?aaeoaeuenoaa e ae?oaeo eniieieoaeueiuo i?aaiia
noauaeoia Oaaea?aoeee.
I?eiyoua ?aoaiey i ia?ao ii ?aaoee?iaaieth oeai iai?aaeythony:
i?aaei?eyoeth-ecaioiaeoaeth i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia, oneoa);
niioaaonoaothuei oeiainiaui i?aaiai;
niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiai AEAI ?O;
iniiaiui iio?aaeoaeyi i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia, oneoa).
Naieoeeae ca iiiiiieenoe/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue yaeyaony oaeaea
i?eioaeeoaeueiia ?acaeaeaiea oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia. AEAI ?O
ai?aaa i?eiyoue oaeia ?aoaiea a ioiioaiee noauaeoa, inouanoaey-
thuaai iiiiiieenoe/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue, i?e iaee/ee iaeiiai eee
ianeieueeeo neaaeothueo oneiaee:
aiciiaeiinoe i?aaiecaoeeiiiiai e (eee) oa??eoi?eaeueiiai iai-
niaeaiey i?aaei?eyoee, no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee eee no?oeoo?-
iuo aaeeieoe;
ionoonoaey oaniie oaoiieiae/aneie acaeiinayce i?aaei?eyoee,
no?oeoo?iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee eee no?oeoo?iuo aaeeieoe (a /anoiinoe,
anee aeiey aioo?aiiaai iai?ioa a iauai iauaia aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee
oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa ninoaaeyao iaiaa 30%);
?aca?aie/aiey noa? aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee, no?oeoo?iuo iiae-
?acaeaeaiee eee no?oeoo?iuo aaeeieoe a ?aieao oceie i?aaeiaoiie
niaoeeaeecaoeee ia ii?aaeaeaiiue oiaa? (no. 19 Caeiia ).
?aoaiea AEAI ?O i i?eioaeeoaeueiii ?acaeaeaiee iiaeao auoue
a 45-aeiaaiue n?ie iaaeaeiaaii a A?aeo?aaeiue noae. Iii iiaeeaaeeo
eniieiaieth a onoaiiaeaiiue AEAI ?O n?ie, eioi?ue ia iiaeao
auoue iaiaa 6 ianyoeaa.
Naieoeeae ca aaaeaiea iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe yaey-
aony oaeaea iaiaoiaeeiinoue niaa?oaiey aeaenoaee ii i?ae?auaieth
i?aaiia?ooaiey. Ii i?aaeienaieth AEAI ?O (aai oa??eoi?eaeue-
iuo oi?aaeaiee) oicyenoaothuee noauaeo iaycai: ainnoaiiaeoue
ia?aiia/aeueiia iieiaeaiea, ?anoi?aiooue eee eciaieoue aeiaiai?,
auiieieoue eiua aeaenoaey, i?aaeoniio?aiiua i?aaeienaieai (no. 22
Caeiia).
Iaeiiaoe, oicyenoaothuee noauaeo, aaaeouee iiiiiieenoe/an-
eoth aeayoaeueiinoue, ianao ca iaa e eiouanoaaiioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue,
eioi?ay ninoieo a iaycaiiinoe aicianoeoue eiio?aaaioai i?e/e-
iaiiua ia?ooaieai aioeiiiiiieueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa oauoee,
oieaoeoue oo?ao a athaeaeao. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae eiio?aaaioii
?aaeecoaony ii ?aoaieth A?aeo?aaeiiai noaea. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia-
?aae ainoaea?noaii ?aaeecoaony ii ?aoaieth AEAI ?O (aai oa??e-
oi?eaeueiuo i?aaiia).
Neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi e iniiaaiey yoie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
?aciua: ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae eiio?aaaioii ianooiaao ca i?e/eia-
iea oauoeia iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth noauaeoa. Ioaaono-
aaiiinoue ia?aae ainoaea?noaii ianooiaao ca oeeiiaiea eee ianaiaa-
?aiaiiia eniieiaiea i?aaeienaiee AEAI (aai oa??eoi?eaeueiuo oi-
?aaeaiee), eeai ca i?aaeinoaaeaiea caaaaeiii iaaeinoiaa?iuo
(eiaeiuo) naaaeaiee. A neo/ayo ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?aae ainoaea?noaii
ia?yaeo n i?aaei?eyoeai-iiiiiieenoii e ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiaoo auoue
i?eaea/aiu e ?oeiaiaeeoaee (aeieaeiinoiua eeoea) oicyenoaothueo
noauaeoia (no. 24 Caeiia).
4. A ?yaeo iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe caeii ?anniao?eaaao
oaeaea iai?aaiia?iua aeou i?aaiia aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, iai?aa-
eaiiua ia ia?aie/aiea eiieo?aioeee, a oaeaea niaeaoaiey (niaea-
niaaiiua aeaenoaey) i?aaiia aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, ia?aie/eaathuea
eiieo?aioeeth (no. 7 e 8 Caeiia). ?aaii iaaeiionoeiie n/eoaao caeii
o/anoea a i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i?-
aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey. Ei
cai?auaaony: eiaoue a nianoaaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey: naiinoiyoaeueii
eee /a?ac i?aaenoaaeoaey aieiniaaoue iin?aaenoaii i?eiaaeeaaeaueo
ei aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae o/anoey i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiee iauei ni-
a?aieai aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, oiaa?euanoaa n ia?aie/aiiie io-
aaonoaaiiinoueth eee ae?oaiai oiaa?euanoaa; caieiaoue aeieaeiinoe a
i?aaiao oi?aaeaiey oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa (no. 9 Caeiia).
!!212
Ca niaa?oaiea aeaenoaee a ia?ooaiea aeaiiuo cai?aoia aeieaeiin-
oiua eeoea ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey ianoo ioaaonoaai-
iinoue ia?aae ainoaea?noaii. I?e oeeiiaiee io eniieiaiey eee ia-
naiaa?aiaiiia eniieiaiea i?aaeienaiee AEAI ?O i i?ae?auaiee
ia?ooaiee iie iaycaiu oieaoeoue oo?ao (no. 24 Caeiia). Ai?i/ai,
yoa ioaaonoaaiiinoue oaea ia aoiaeeo a oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaoth, a
yaeyaony aaeieieno?aoeaiie.
5. Caeii i?eaeaao cia/aiea ia oieueei i?ana/aieth iiiiiieenoe-
/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe e i?aaeoniao?eaaao ia?u iiaeaaeaiey oaeeo
yenoeannia, ii e no?aieony onoaiiaeoue ?aaeei niaeaenoaey ?acaeoeth
oiaa?iuo ?uieia e eiieo?aioeee, i?aaeoi?aaeeoue aaaeaiea iiiiiieen-
oe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. A neeo yoiai AEAI ?O ?aaeecoao ainoaea?-
noaaiiia aicaeaenoaea e aeey ?aoaiey yoeo caaea/.
Niaeaenoaea ?acaeoeth ?uiea ?aaeecoaony ?ac?aaioeie ii eeiee
AEAI ?aeiiaiaeaoeee e iai?aaeaiey eo niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiai
aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey. Yoi iiaoo auoue ?aeiiaiaeaoeee i i?aaeinoaaeaiee
eueaioiuo e?aaeeoia, a oaeaea ia oiaiueoaiee iaeiaia eee inaiaiae-
aeaiee io ieo oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia, aia?aua anooiathueo ia
aeaiiue oiaa?iue ?uiie; ia eciaiaiee noa?u i?eiaiaiey naiaiae-
iuo, ?aaoee?oaiuo e oeene?iaaiiuo oeai ia oiaa?u, i?iecaiaeeiua
eee ?aaeecoaiua oicyenoaothueie noauaeoaie, ceioiio?aaeythue-
ie naiei aeiieie?othuei iieiaeaieai; i nicaeaiee ia?aeeaeueiuo
no?oeoo?; i oeiaine?iaaiee ia?ii?eyoee ii ?anoe?aieth auionea
aeaoeoeeoiuo oiaa?ia a oeaeyo ono?aiaiey aeiieie?othuaai iieiaeaiey
ioaeaeueiuo oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia e ae?. (ni. no. 16 Caeiia).
Ia?ie niaeaenoaey ?acaeoeth ?uiea e i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey aeiieie?o-
thuaai iieiaeaiey noauaeoa ia ?uiea yaeyaony oaeaea aeo iiaeaea?aeee
?acaeaeaiey oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa eee aai auoiaea ec aaaeiinoaai-
iiai iiae/eiaiey (no. 21 Caeiia). Cia/aiea yoie ia?u ninoieo a oii,
/oi a niioaaonoaee ni no. 32 Caeiia auaeaeaiea ec ninoaaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai
eee ioieoeeiaeueiiai i?aaei?eyoey iaeiiai eee ianeieueeeo no?oeoo?-
iuo iiae?acaeaeaiee i?iecaiaeeony ii ?aoaieth o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa
anaai i?aaei?eyoey. A neo/aa ioeaca aii?in i aai i?aaiia?iinoe iiaeao
auoue ?anniio?ai a AEAI (aai oa??eoi?eaeueiui oi?aaeaieai), ei-
oi?ue ai?aaa iiaeaea?aeaoue ?aoaiea no?oeoo?iiai iiae?acaeaeaiey i
auoiaea. Cia/aiea aeoa iiaeaea?aeee ninoieo, ii-aeaeeiiio, a ono?aiaiee
iaaaoeaiuo iineaaenoaee ioeaca i?aaei?eyoey eee aaaeiinoaa, a onoa-
iiaeaiee noaoona eaaeoeiiinoe aeaiiie ?ai?aaiecaoeee.
Aeey i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey e ono?aiaiey aeiieie?othuaai iieiaeaiey
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia caeii onoaiaaeeaaao i?aaeaa?eoaeueiue
eiio?ieue AEAI ?O e aai oa??eoi?eaeueiuo oi?aaeaiee ca nicaeaieai,
neeyieai, i?eniaaeeiaieai, i?aia?aciaaieai, eeeaeaeaoeeae oicye-
noaothueo noauaeoia.
!!213
Aeey anao oaeeo aeoia, eiaaea ?a/ue eaeao i nithcao, annioeeaoeeyo,
eiioea?iao, iauaaeeiaieyo i?aaei?eyoee, e?oiiuo aeoeeiia?iuo ia-
uanoaao e oiaa?euanoaao (n onoaaiui eaieoaeii 50 iei. ?oa. e
auoa), ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo, anee yoi
i?eaiaeeo e iiyaeaieth noauaeoa, caieiathuaai aeiieie?othuaa iie-
iaeaiea, iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia niaeanea AEAI ?O (aai oa?-
?eoi?eaeueiiai oi?aaeaiey). AEAI ?O ia iicaeiaa 30 aeiae n iiiaioa
iieo/aiey oiaeaoaenoaa aeieaeai niiaueoue i i?eiyoii ii oiaeaoaenoao
?aoaiee.
A niaeanee ia nicaeaiea oiiiyioouo noauaeoia iiaeao auoue io-
eacaii, anee a ?acoeueoaoa iiyaeyaony noauaeo n aeiieie?othuei
iieiaeaieai ia ?uiea. Oai ia iaiaa AEAI ?O ai?aaa aeaoue niaeanea
aeaaea i?e aiciiaeiinoe aicieeiiaaiey oeacaiiuo iaaeaaii?eyoiuo
iineaaenoaee, anee nicaeaiea iauaaeeiaiey iiaeao nouanoaaiii nii-
nianoaiaaoue ianuuaieth oiaa?iuo ?uieia, oeo/oaieth iio?aaeoaeue-
neeo naienoa oiaa?ia e iiauoaieth eo eiieo?aioiiniiniaiinoe, a
/anoiinoe ia aiaoiai ?uiea (no. 17 Caeiia).
Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiio?ieue a oeaeyo i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey iiiiiieecia
inouanoaeyaony oaeaea ca i?eia?aoaieai aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae o/anoey
a onoaaiii eaieoaea oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia.
I?eia?aoaiea oicyenoaothuei noauaeoii, ioaaouaathuei aieaa
35% ?uiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai oiaa?a, aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae o/anoey a
onoaaiii eaieoaea ae?oaiai oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, ?aaioathuaai
ia ?uiea oiai aea oiaa?a, a oaeaea iieoiea ethaui th?eaee/aneei
eeoeii eee a?aaeaeaieiii eiio?ieueiiai iaeaoa aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae
o/anoey oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa, caieiathuaai aeiieie?othuaa
iieiaeaiea, inouanoaeyaony n i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai niaeaney AEAI ?O
(oa??eoi?eaeueiiai oi?aaeaiey). Iiae eiio?ieueiui iaeaoii i?e yoii
iiieiaaony oaeia eiee/anoai aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae o/anoey, eioi?ia
iaania/eaaao aieaa 50% aieinia i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiee ia iauai
nia?aiee aeoeeiia?ia, o/?aaeeoaeae, iaeueeia (no. 18 Caeiia).
Ioeac a aea/a niaeaney ia nicaeaiea – i?ae?auaiea iauaaeeiaiee,
ia i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee, iaaa, aeieae, iiaeao auoue iaaeaeiaai a A?-
aeo?aaeiue noae (no. 20 Caeiia).
7. ?ieue ainoaea?noaa i?e ?anniio?aiee aeae
i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee (aaie?ionoaa)
1. Einoeooo ianinoiyoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey (aaie?ionoai) iiy-
aeeny a iaoai i?aaiaii ?aaoee?iaaiee a nayce n ia?aoiaeii e
?uii/iui ioiioaieyi. A oneiaeyo anaiauaiethuaai ainiiaenoaa ai-
noaea?noaaiiie e eiiia?aoeaii-eieoiciie nianoaaiiinoe i?iaeaia
i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?eyoee, eiiia?aoeaia e eieoicia aaeaeo eo ia-
!!214
ninoiyoaeueiinoe ia noaaeeanue e ia ?aoaeanue, iioiio /oi ia?aioa-
aaeueiua e oauoi/iua i?aaei?eyoey e oicyenoaa ano?aeaaeenue a ea-
/anoaa oaeiauo a yeiiiieeo e nouanoaiaaee a ea/anoaa ieaiiai-
oauoi/iuo ca n/ao ainoaea?noaaiiiai oeiaine?iaaiey, ia?eiaee/an-
eiai nienaiey aeieaia n eieoicia, iinoiyiii aeaenoaothueo e
eaaaeeciaaiiuo ia?a?ani?aaeaeeoaeueiuo oeiainiauo ioiioaiee a
oicyenoaaiiuo nenoaiao ieienoa?noa e aaaeiinoa.
A ?uii/iuo oneiaeyo oaeay aiciiaeiinoue eneeth/aaony, a oii
/enea e aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo eee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
Eaaeaeue oicyenoaothuee noauaeo aeieaeai iaania/eoue ?aioaaaeueiue
aini?iecaiaenoaaiiue i?ioeann a ?aaiuo oneiaeyo oicyenoaiaaiey,
ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeaiiuo caeiiaie yeiiiie/aneie noa?u.
2. Aeey aaaaeaiey oyaeaeiai e neiaeiiai nioeeaeueiiai i?ioeanna i?a-
e?auaiey i?aaei?eyoey iooai aaie?ionoaa a ii?aaeaeaiiua ?aiee
i?eiyo e aeaenoaoao Caeii ?O . A yoii caeiia ii?aaeaeaiu iiiyoey aaie?ionoaa e aai
i?eciaee (?acae. 1), iniiaaiey e ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey aeaea i aai-
e?ionoaa a A?aeo?aaeiii noaea (?acae. II), ?ai?aaiecaoeeiiiua i?ioea-
aeo?u, i?eiaiyaiua a -oeaeyo icaei?iaeaiey aeae i?aaei?eyoey (?acae.
Ill), ii?yaeie i?eioaeeoaeueiie eeeaeaeaoeee e i?iaaaeaiey eiieo?niiai
i?iecaiaenoaa (?acae. IV), ie?iaia niaeaoaiea aeieaeieea e e?aaeeoi?ia
a i?ioeanna i aaie?ionoaa (?acae. V), iai?aaiia?iua aeaenoaey i?e
aaie?ionoaa (?acae. VI), aiciiaeiinoe aianoaeaaiuo i?ioeaaeo? e aei-
a?iaieueiie eeeaeaeaoeee i?aaei?eyoey-aeieaeieea (?acae. VII). A aeaiiie
oaia, ia ?anniao?eaay iiae?iaii anaai yoiai ?aaoee?iaaiey, iu
oioaee au inoaiiaeoueny oieueei ia iaeiie noi?iia aii?ina: ?iee
ainoaea?noaa a ?ac?aoaiee aii?inia i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe i?aaei?e-
yoee.
3. Iaaei neacaoue, /oi ie e iaeiie oi?ia i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?eyoey
ia eiaaony noieue cia/eoaeueiiai ioaee/iiai eioa?ana, eae e i?a-
e?auaieth aai aneaaenoaea ianinoiyoaeueiinoe. Iieo/aiea aianoi iaee-
aeaaiuo ieaoaaeae ii aeieaai io?eoeaoaeueiiai oeiainiaiai ?acoeueoaoa
cao?aaeaaao naiua nouanoaaiiua eioa?anu o/anoieeia yeiiiie/an-
eiai iai?ioa. Caaea/a iaeneiaeueii niya/eoue iineaaenoaey oaeiai ye-
noeanna aeaeaao caueoo /anoiuo eioa?ania iaeiia?aiaiii e eioa?anii
ioaee/iui.
I?eciaiea i?aaei?eyoey aaie?ioii nicaeaao ino?ioo e aieaciai-
iinoue neooaoeee ia oieueei aeey e?aaeeoi?ia, ii e aeey naiiai aeieaeieea,
a aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa caeioa?aniaaiiiai a nianaiee naiaai aeaea,
caueoa eiouanoaa, ia aaca eioi?iai ooieoeeiie?iaaei i?aaei?e-
yoea.
Iiyoiio ia iiaoo auoue ioa?ioaiu iiiuoee icaei?iaeaiey aeay-
oaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey, ainnoaiiaeaiey aai ii?iaeueiiai yeiiiie-
/aneiai e oeiainiaiai noaoona. Yoio eioa?an e aiciiaeiinoe ainnoa-
!!215
iiaeaiey aeecianiiniaiinoe i?aaei?eyoey iaoneaaeeaaao o/anoea ai-
noaea?noaa a ?aoaiee aii?inia, i i?ioeaaeo?ao naiaoeee.
Iaeiiaoe, iaeuecy ia o/eouaaoue, /oi iaaeia?iniaanoiuie i?aaei?e-
ieiaoaeyie einoeooo aaie?ionoaa iiaeao auoue eniieueciaai aeey ia-
iaia eiio?aaaioia, iioaiie/aneiai i?enaiaiey /oaeiai eiouanoaa
e ae?. ceioiio?aaeaiee. A neeo yoiai ioaee/iue eioa?an e i?aai-
ii?yaeeo canoaaeyao o/anoaiaaoue ainoaea?noai a aeacaaoe?iaaiee oaeeo
aeoeee e i?eaea/aiee aeiiaiuo e ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
4. Eaeiaa aea ?ieue ainoaea?noaa a ?aaeecaoeee aeae i ianinoiyoaeue-
iinoe (aaie?ionoaa) i?aaei?eyoey?
I?aaeaea anaai iaaei ioiaoeoue, /oi aieueoeinoai i?ioeaaeo? ii oaeei
aeaeai ?aaeecoaony ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie, a /anoiinoe A?-
aeo?aaeiui noaeii. A ?aoaiee ?yaea aii?inia ii yoei aeaeai iiaeao
i?eieiaoue o/anoea i?ieo?i?, eioi?ue ai?aaa ia?aoeoueny a A?aeo-
?aaeiue noae n cayaeaieai i aicaoaeaeaiee i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo i
ianinoiyoaeueiinoe (no. 7 Caeiia). A ?ai?aaiecaoeeiiiuo i?ioeaaeo?ao
aeey i?aaei?eyoee, a eiouanoaa eioi?uo eiaaony aeeaae ainoaea?noaa
eee ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, a oaeaea iieo/athueo aeioaoeee
ec athaeaeaoia, o/anoaotho i?aai, oiieiiii/aiiue ainoaea?noaii, aae-
ieieno?aoeeae niioaaonoaothuaai ?aaeiia, oi?aaeyoue eiouanoaii
i?aaei?eyoey: oeiainiaua i?aaiu – a ioiioaiee i?aaei?eyoee, iie-
o/athueo aeioaoeee ec athaeaeaoia niioaaonoaothueo o?iaiae. Eo ae-
ou – aa?aioee yaeythony iniiaaieyie aeey i?einoaiiaeaiey A?aeo-
?aaeiui noaeii i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe (aaie?io-
noaa) i?aaei?eyoey. Ioeac aea io oi?aaeaiey eiouanoaii, io
i?iaaaeaiey naiaoeee eee io i?aaeinoaaeaiey aeioaoeee oeiainiaui
i?aaiii aeaao iniiaaiey aeey i?iaaaeaiey i?ioeanna aei eiioea n i?iaa-
aeaieai eiieo?niiai i?iecaiaenoaa (no. 14 Caeiia).
5. Aeaaiia aea ianoi a ?aaeecaoeee aeae i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe i?e-
iaaeeaaeeo A?aeo?aaeiiio noaeo. A?aeo?aaeiue noae:
a) aicaoaeaeaao i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe (aaie-
?ionoaa) i?aaei?eyoey;
a) a i?ioeanna ?aaeecaoeee ?ai?aaiecaoeeiiiuo i?ioeaaeo? iacia-
/aao a?aeo?aaeiiai oi?aaeythuaai eiouanoaii aeieaeieea;
a) i?eieiaao ?aoaiey i i?ae?auaiee aiaoiaai oi?aaeaiey eio-
uanoaii (n i?eciaieai aeieaeieea ianinoiyoaeueiui e ioe?uoeai
eiieo?niiai i?iecaiaenoaa, eeai n i?ae?auaieai i?iecaiaenoaa ii
aeaeo i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey) eee i?iaeieaeaiee i?iaaaeaiey
aiaoiaai oi?aaeaiey;
a) auiineo ii?aaeaeaiea i i?iaaaeaiee naiaoeee, iauyaeyao eiieo?n
aeaeathueo i?eiyoue o/anoea a naiaoeee, aeiioneaao eeoe e o/anoeth a
eiieo?na, ?anniao?eaaao cayaeaiey ia yooaeoeaiinoe i?iaaaeaiey
naiaoeee, auiineo ii?aaeaeaiea i aa caaa?oaiee i?e aeinoeaeaiee
oeaee naiaoeee, auiineo ii?aaeaeaiea i aa i?ae?auaiee a nayce n
!!216
ieii/aieai n?iea i?iaaaeaiey, iaauiieiaieai o?aaiaaiee, i?eie-
iaao ?aoaiea i i?eciaiee aeieaeieea ianinoiyoaeueiui (aaie?ioii)
e ioe?uoee eiieo?niiai i?iecaiaenoaa;
ae) a eiieo?niii i?iecaiaenoaa ioe?uaaao e cae?uaaao aai; ia-
cia/aao eiieo?niiai oi?aaeythuaai; auiineo ii?aaeaeaiea ia iono-
?aiaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaey io auiieiaiey iaycaiiinoae ii oi?aaeaieth
i?aaei?eyoeai-aeieaeieeii; i?eieiaao ?aoaiey i i?aaiia?iinoe
aeaenoaee o/anoieeia eiieo?niiai i?iecaiaenoaa; ooaa?aeaeaao ?acia?
aiciaa?aaeaeaiey eiieo?niiai oi?aaeythuaai, ii?aaeaeaiiue nia?a-
ieai e?aaeeoi?ia; i?iecaiaeeo aaainiaua auieaou; ?anniao?eaaao
aii?inu i i?aoaiceyo, ioeeiiaiiuo eiieo?niui oi?aaeythuei, eee
ia i/a?aaeiinoe eo oaeiaeaoai?aiey; ooaa?aeaeaao io/ao eiieo?niiai
oi?aaeythuaai e auiineo ii?aaeaeaiea i caaa?oaiee eiieo?niiai
i?iecaiaenoaa;
a) ?anniao?eaaao aii?inu ie?iaiai niaeaoaiey iaaeaeo aeieaeie-
eii e eiieo?niuie e?aaeeoi?aie, ooaa?aeaeaao aai, a oaeaea i?eciaao
iaaeaenoaeoaeueiui eeai ?anoi?aaao aai.
Ana aeaenoaey ii aeaeai i ianinoiyoaeueiinoe (aaie?ionoaa) i?aae-
i?eyoee ?aaeecothony A?aeo?aaeiui noaeii a oi?ia aeoia i?aainoaeey
ii ii?iai A?aeo?aaeii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai eiaeaena.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. *ai ii?aaeaeyaony iaiaoiaeeiinoue ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee-
?iaaiey e aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue e /anoiia
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai a oneiaeyo ?uiea?
2. Eaeei ia?acii eeanneoeoee?othony aeaeu ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey ia yeiiiieeo? A eaeeo i?aaiauo oi?iao iii inouan-
oaeyaony?
3. Eaeiau oi?iu e niiniau aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiia ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey? Ii?aaeaeeoa eo
eiiiaoaioeeth a yoie noa?a.
4. Eaeea i?aaiaua eino?oiaiou i?eiaiythony aeey ainoaea?no-
aaiiiai ii?ie?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe?
5. Eaeea ia?u inouanoaeyao ainoaea?noai aeey iiaeaea?aeaiey eii-
eo?aioeee e ia?aie/aiey iiiiiieenoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe?
!!217
Oaia VIII. Caeiiiinoue e ainoaea?noaaiiay
i?aaiecaoeey i?aaiaie ?aaiou a yeiiiieea
1. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea caeiiiinoe
a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
1. Iiae caeiiiinoueth a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo neaaeoao ii-
ieiaoue iaania/aiioth nenoaiie ainoaea?noaaiiuo ii?i aiciiaeiinoue
naiaiaeii e iaeaieaa yooaeoeaii inouanoaeyoue i?aaei?eieiaoaeue-
neoth aeayoaeueiinoue, niaethaeay i?e yoii caeiiiua eioa?anu aino-
aea?noaa, iauanoaa, ae?oaeo oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia, o?aaoy a
naith i/a?aaeue io ieo onoaiiaeaiiiai caeiiii e aeiaiai?ii iiaaaeaiey,
caueou ia?ooaiiuo i?aa e aiciauaiey i?ioeaii?aaii i?e/eiai-
iuo oauoeia.
Caeiiiinoue a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi eiaao
ea/anoaaiii eiia niaea?aeaiea e cia/aiea, iaaeaee a ia?eiae aaeie-
ieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiai iino?iaiey yeiiiieee. A oneiaeyo aee-
?aeoeaiiai ieaie?iaaiey io oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia o?aaiaaeinue
a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue auiieieoue onoaiiaeaiiia ieaiiaia caaeaiea.
Yeiiiie/aneee eioa?an e oicyenoaiaaieth iiaeaea?aeeaaeny neiaeiie
nenoaiie oae iacuaaaiuo oic?an/aoiuo ia?. Aianoi auaeaeaeaiey
ia ia?aue ieai iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai eioa?ana e ?acoeueoaoai o?oaea
caeiiiaeaoaeue a iaeanoe yeiiiieee no?iee /?acau/aeii a?iiicaeeea
eiino?oeoeee aiayeiiiie/aneiai aeanoeiai ?aaoee?iaaiey, eioi?ui
a iaeue/aeoeo aeaoaeyo onoaiaaeeaaeenue a?aieoeu naiinoiyoaeueiin-
oe e ne?oioeacii ioia?yeenue noeioee?othuea aiciiaeiinoe. Ana
yoi i?eaiaeeei e iaiaoiaeeiinoe nicaeaiey ia?iiiiai ianneaa i?a-
aiauo aeoia a iaeanoe yeiiiieee, nicaeaaaaiuo a iniiaiii ii
eacoenoe/aneiio i?eioeeio: aiciiaeii oieueei oi, /oi i?yii i?aae-
oniio?aii caeiiii eee ?ac?aoathuae ii?iie. Niaethaeaiea caeiiia
a yoeo oneiaeyo (iniaaiii i?e aannenoaiiinoe, iaiaic?eiinoe e
iaoii?yaei/aiiinoe oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa) noaiiaeeinue
i?aa?aaeie ia iooe e yooaeoeaiiio oicyenoaiaaieth, noaaeei ia-
eaieaa i?aaei?eei/eauo e eieoeeaoeaiuo ?aaioieeia a iaeaieaa
neiaeiia iieiaeaiea, oae eae ca/anooth i?eaiaeeei eo ia a?aiue
i?aaiia?ooaiey. A iaeaieaa aaciianiii iieiaeaiee iaoiaeeeny
oio, eoi i?aaeii/eoae ne?oioeacii niaethaeaoue ana iiiai/eneaiiua
i?aaeea, ii ia aeinoeaae i?e yoii aieueoeo oniaoia a oicyenoai-
aaiee.
Iiiuoee eeaa?aeecaoeee oneiaee oicyenoaiaaiey, ?anoe?aiey
i?aa i?aaei?eyoee, aeaeaaoeany a oiaea ?aoi?i 1964, 1979 aiaeia, ia
!!218
eiaee a yoii niunea cia/eoaeueiuo aeinoeaeaiee, iineieueeo aeaaiue
noeioee?othuee oaeoi? – ?uii/iia ?aaoee?iaaiea – ia i?aaeon-
iao?eaaeinue.
2. A oneiaeyo ?uiea ia ia?aia ianoi aunooiaao iaania/aiea
oicyenoaothuei noauaeoai i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie naiaiaeu, aiciiae-
iinoe aanoe ethaoth oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue aia eaeiai-eeai
aee?aeoeaiiai aicaeaenoaey, ecae?aoue ethaia iiaaaeaiea, ia i?ioeai-
?a/auaa caeiio. Naie a?aieoeu aiciiaeiiai iiaaaeaiey ?anoe?aiu
i?aaeaea anaai ca n/ao oiai, /oi ia ia?aia ianoi n?aaee ?aaoee?othueo
yeiiiieeo aeoia auoae caeii. Anee a oneiaeyo aaeieieno?aoeaii-
eiiaiaeiiai iaoaiecia a noa?a yeiiiieee aeaenoaiaaei n/eoaiiia
eiee/anoai caeiiia (*1), a oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ii?aaeaeyee ni-
oie ouny/ iiaecaeiiiuo aeoia, iaoeaeaiiuo ioithaeue ia ia iaania/aiea
naiaiaeu oicyenoaiaaiey, oi a ianoiyuaa a?aiy aeaaiia ?aaoee?oth-
uaa aicaeaenoaea i?iaiaeeony a iniiaiii a oi?ia caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo
aeoia. Yoi iiiyoii e iauynieii. Aaoiiiiiua noauaeou, aeaenoaothuea
e oiio aea ia aaca iiiaiia?acey oi?i Nianoaaiiinoe e i?aaiecaoee-
iiii-i?aaiauo oi?i, ia iiaoo no?ieoue naith aeayoaeueiinoue a oneiaeyo
ianoaaeeueiiai e iaei aaoi?eoaoiiai iiaecaeiiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey.
?uii/iay aeayoaeueiinoue eaaeaeie y/aeee i?iecaiaenoaa ia iai?aaeyaony
aieaa aee?aeoeaaie ainoaea?noaaiiuo aeoia, ii acaeiiaeaenoaea /an-
oiuo (aaoiiiiiuo) eioa?ania, oi?ie?oaiuo naiaiaeii, aeieaeii auoue
iiae/eiaii aaeeiui i?aaeeai, eioi?ua a ninoiyiee onoaiiaeoue oieueei
caeii.
I?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay naiaiaea iaania/eaaaony oaeaea nenoaiie
ii?i, ia?aaeaeathueo oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia io iacaeiiiiai
aiaoaoaeuenoaa ainoaea?noaa e aai i?aaiia a oicyenoaiaaiea. O?a-
aiaaiea caeiiiinoe a yoii iai?aaeaiee iaania/eaaaony aiciiae-
iinoueth caueou i?aa i?aaei?eieiaoaeae i?ioea ainoaea?noaa. Iauea
oeacaiey no. 20 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe i iaaeiionoeiinoe aiaoaoaeuenoaa ainoaea?noaa, e?iia
eae ii onoaiiaeaiiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?O iniiaaieyi e a
i?aaeaeao i?aaiii/ee aai i?aaiia, i?aaeinoaaeaiee i?aaei?eyoeth
i?aaa ia?auaoueny a noae eee A?aeo?aaeiue noae n cayaeaieai i
i?eciaiee iai?aaiia?iuie e iaaeaenoaeoaeueiuie aeoia ethauo
ainoaea?noaaiiuo eee eiuo i?aaiia eeai eo aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe,
eanathueony i?aaei?eyoey, onoaiiaeaiea iaycaiiinoe ainoaea?no-
aaiiuo eee eiuo i?aaiia eee eo aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe ii aiciauaieth
i?e/eiaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeth iacaeiiiuie aeaenoaeyie oauoeia ?ac-
(**1) Iaaacuioa?anii aniiiieoue a nayce n yoei, /oi aei 1964 a. noaoon iniiaiiai
caaia ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa-i?aaei?eyoey aiiaua ia aue ii?aaeaeai, a caoai ieiei
/aoaa?oe aaea ?aaeaiaioe?iaaeny a iiaecaeiiiuo aeoao. A noa?a ainoaea?noaai-
iiai ?oeiaiaenoaa yeiiiieeie aiiaua ionoonoaiaaei eaeia-eeai caeiiiaeaoaeueno-
ai i ieaie?iaaiee.
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aeou a oeaeii ?yaea ii?i eae iaoa?eaeueiiai, oae e i?ioeannoaeueiiai
i?aaa (*1).
3. A oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo aaaeiaeoei o?aaiaaieai caeii-
iinoe noaei niaeaniaaiea ioaee/iuo e /anoiuo (aaoiiiiiuo) ei-
oa?ania. Eioa?anu ainoaea?noaa e iauanoaa a oi?ie?iaaiee athaeaeaoa,
iaania/aiee iai?iiu e aaciianiinoe ainoaea?noaa, nioeeaeueii-eoeueoo?-
iii ?acaeoee iauanoaa, caueoa yeieiaee e ae?oaei aii?inai aeaeatho
iaiaoiaeeiui nicaeaiea nenoaiu caeiiia, onoaiaaeeaathueo aaeeiua
i?aaeea iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?e?iaeiiieueciaaiey, nicaeaiee nioeeaeueiuo
oiiaeia e ae?. Aeey yoiai a naith i/a?aaeue iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeaiea
aaeeiuo i?aaee ?aaoee?iaaiey oeiainia i?aaei?eyoey, aaaeaiey aoo-
aaeoa?neiai o/aoa, oi?ie?iaaiey naaanoieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee e o.ae.
I?aoaaee/aiea aiciiaeiinoae ?uii/iiai ?aaoee?iaaiey e aani-
ethoece?iaaiea /anoiuo eioa?ania e i?aa a yoeo oneiaeyo auei au
iai?aaeeueiui. ?a/ue, neaaeiaaoaeueii, iiaeao eaeoe i aa?iiiecaoeee
ioaee/iuo e /anoiuo eioa?ania. Oi/iay aeice?iaea ainoaea?noaaiiiai
aicaeaenoaey ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue e a?aieoeu, eioi?ua ia
aeieaeai i?anooiaoue oicyenoaothuee noauaeo, yaeyaony, iiaeaeoe,
iaeaieaa cia/eiuie /a?oaie caeiiiinoe ia?aoiaeiiai ia?eiaea.
?aoaiea ia?aie /anoe caaea/e iiaeao auoue aeinoeaiooi ioiine-
oaeueii eaaei. Aeey ainoaea?noaaiiiai aiaoaoaeuenoaa anaaaea aeieaeii
auoue oi/iia iniiaaiea. Aia eiie?aoiie oiieiiii/eaathuae ii?iu
iii aeieaeii n/eoaoueny iacaeiiiui. ?aoaiea aea aoi?ie /anoe caaea-
/e – iaania/aiea oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe ii i?eioeeio: aic-
iiaeii ana, /oi i?yii ia cai?auaii caeiiii, i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
aieaa neiaeioth th?eaeeei-oaoie/aneoth i?iaeaio. Aeey i?iaaaeaiey aa
a aeeciue iaaei /aoei oeacaoue oa cai?aou e eiia?aoeau, eioi?ua ia
aeieaeai ia?ooaoue oicyenoaothuee noauaeo, aeaau ia aianoue a aeaeeeo.
Iiiyoii, /oi yoi ia iiaeao ioaaouaaoueny oieueei ii?iaie oaieiaiiai
e aaeieieno?aoeaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, onoaiaaeeaathueie oaeaea
aeinoaoi/ii aieueoie ia?a/aiue ia?ooaiee, n eioi?uie ano?a/athony
i?aaei?eieiaoaeue e i?aaei?eyoea a i?ioeanna oicyenoaiaaiey (*2). Ca-
(**1) Ni.. iai?eia?: no. 15 e no. 25 Caeiia ; no. 14 e 15 Caeiia
AIE ?O e ae?. aeou.
(**2) Iaaei neacaoue, /oi iu ano?a/aainy caeanue n i?iaeaiie ?aca?aie/aiey aaeieieno?a-
oeaiiai e oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, iioiio /oi oaeea ia?ooaiey eae i?aaeon-
iio?aiiua aeaaaie 5-1 2, 13 Eiaeaena ?NON? ia aaeieieno?aoeaiuo i?aaiia?ooaieyo
ai iiiaeo neo/ayo iaia/atho a?aieoeu oicyenoaaiiie, i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeue-
iinoe. E aaeieieno?aoeaiiio i?aao ioiinyony oa ii?iu, eioi?ua aae?aniaaiu eeoeai,
ioaaonoaaiiui ca niaethaeaiea oeacaiiuo i?aaee e iinayuaiu aaeieieno?aoeaiui ia-
?ai e i?aaiai, eo i?eiaiythuei. E oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao, i/aaeaeii, aeieaeiu auoue
ioianaiu eee ii e?aeiae ia?a aeieaeiu o/eouaaoueny a iai naie cai?aou, oioy aae?ani-
aaiu iie eeoeai, a ia i?aaei?eyoeyi.
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i?aou yoe a aieueoii /enea ?annayiu e a naiii oicyenoaaiiii
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e a niaaeiuo io?aneyo, n eioi?uie nii?eeanaaony
aaaeouee oicyenoaiaaiea noauaeo (caiaeueiia, i?e?iaeiio?aieoaeue-
iia, ai?iia, eaniia e ae?oaia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai). O/anoue eo aeinoaoi/ii
o?oaeii. I/aaeaeii, /oi iaoea i?aaenoieo au?aaioaoue iiaeoiaeu e ?a-
oaieth yoie caaea/e. Aiciiaeii, /oi yoi iiaeao auoue naeaeaii a eaaeaeie
io?anee (iiaeio?anee) i?aaa iaoiaeii auianaiey anao cai?aoia
iiiaia?aiiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
2, O?aaiaaiey e caeiiiinoe a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo
1. Noaaeeueiinoue e i?aaeeueiinoue i?aaiecaoeee ?uii/iuo ioiioa-
iee o?aaoao, /oiau caeiiiinoue iniiauaaeanue ia aa?oiaainoaa caeiia.
Caeii eae aunoee aeo ainoaea?noaaiiie aiee eiaao ia?aae anaie
ae?oaeie aeoaie aeinoieinoai iai?a?aeaaiinoe, yniinoe, anaiauaai
ciaiey. I?eiyoue aunoei caeiiiaeaoaeueiui i?aaiii a onoaiiaeai-
iii ii?yaeea ii naiaiaeai io nethieiooiuo, ioeai/ii iiiyouo iio-
?aaiinoae iauanoaa, /ai iiaoo a?aoeoue iiaecaeiiiua aeou, iniaaiii
eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe.
Caeiio aeieaeia auoue iiae/eiaia any iineaaeothuay ea?a?oey ii?-
iaoeaiuo aeoia, eia/a yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci aoaeao aeaenoaiaaoue
?anniaeaniaaiii, aac o/aoa no?aoaae/aneeo caiuneia caeiiiaeaoaey.
O?aaiaaiea aa?oiaainoaa caeiia e caeiiiinoe iiaecaeiiiuo aeoia
ia?aaeeaaao naaiaeiy aieueoea eniuoaiey ia i?i/iinoue.
E i?eia?o, ie Caeii ?NON? io 23 iiya?y 1990 aiaea , ie Caeii ia
i?aaeiieaaaee i?eioaeeoaeueiiai ?aoi?ie?iaaiey eieoicia e ni-
aoicia n iaycaoaeueiui i?aia?aciaaieai eo nianoaaiiinoe ec eie-
eaeoeaiie a eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaoth e eieeaeoeaii-niaianoioth. Ec-
aeaiiua aea eae aoaeoi a ?acaeoea caeiia aeaa iiaecaeiiiuo aeoa
Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 27 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. (*1), a oaeaea iin-
oaiiaeaiea I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. ?86 (*2) ia oieueei aeae?aoe-
?iaaee i?eioaeeoaeueiue caiaeueiue ?acaeae a oicyenoaao, ii caiaeii
i?iaaee i?ioeaicaeiiiia i?ioea aiee nianoaaiieeia-eieoicia
i?aia?aciaaiea eo eieeaeoeaiie nianoaaiiinoe a aeieaaoth e ni-
aianoioth, onoaiiaeee i?aai ia eiouanoaaiiue iae eeoe, auaua-
oeo ec /eaiia eieoicia, iaycaee anao eieoicieeia Iio?aaiaaoue
(**1) AAN, 1992, ? 1, no. 53.
(**2) ?A, 1991, 30 aeaeaa?y.
!!221
auaeaeaiey iaaa e ii?aaeaeeoue eo eniieueciaaiea a iaeiii ec /aou?ao
aeae?aoe?iaaiiuo aa?eaioia. Yoe aeou i?ioeai?a/ao caeiio ii
anai iniiaaieyi.
Oi aea iiaeii neacaoue i ?yaea oeacia I?aceaeaioa ?O, ecaeaiiuo
a oiaea i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?e-
yoee. Oeacii io 29 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. auee ooaa?aeaeaiu Iniiaiua
iieiaeaiey i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoee-
iaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia 1992 a.(*1), oioy a
niioaaonoaee ni no. 3 Caeiia ooaa?aeaeaiea ainoaea?noaai-
iie i?ia?aiiu i?eaaoecaoeee ioianaii e eiiiaoaioeee Aa?oiaiiai
Niaaoa ?NON? e a Oeaca auee i?aaeoniio?aiu i?eioeeieaeueii eiua
i?aaeea i?iaaaeaiey i?eaaoecaoeee. Yoio aea Oeac oi?acaeiee i?aae-
oniio?aiiua Caeiiii
Oeac io 14 aaaonoa 1992 a. aaae a aeaenoaea nenoaio i?eaaoecaoeeiiiuo
/aeia a ?O (*3).
2. Naiaiaea ?uii/iiai iai?ioa o?aaoao, /oiau a nenoaia oicye-
noaaiiuo caeiiia auei cia/eoaeueii ?anoe?aii eiee/anoai aeen-
iiceoeaiuo ii?i, oi anoue aeathueo aiciiaeiinoue naiei noi?iiai
eca?aoue auaiaeiia aeey ieo i?aaeei iiaaaeaiey. I/aaeaeii, /oi i?e-
aioe?ii aeey onoaiiaeaiey oaeeo ii?i aeieaeii auoue ionoonoaea
ioaee/iiai eioa?ana e eiia?aoeaiiio ?aaoee?iaaieth. A yoii
niunea iieacaoaeueiuie yaeythony ?aoaiey caeiiiaeaoaey ii n?ieai
cayaeaiey i?aoaicee e i?eiaiaieth n?ieia eneiaie aeaaiinoe. Ec-
aanoii, /oi Iieiaeaiea i i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea o?aaoee?iaaiey
nii?ia, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io
24 ethiy 1992 aiaea (*4), ia onoaiiaeei n?ieia cayaeaiey i?aoaicee.
Ainoaea?noao e iauanoao a iiauo oneiaeyo ?anoe?aiey aeeniice-
oeaiuo ia/ae a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee aac?acee/ii, a eaeea
n?iee aoaeoo cayaeyoueny i?aoaicee, eeoue au i?aaeuyaeaiea eo nea-
aeiaaei a oa/aiea n?ieia eneiaie aeaaiinoe. Iiyoiio Iieiaeaiea
inoaaeyao aii?ina a?aiaie i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee ia oniio?aiea
naieo nii?yueo noauaeoia.
Aiaeiae/ii oi?acaeiaii aeaenoaiaaaoaa ?aiaa i?aaeei ia iay-
caoaeueiinoe i?eiaiaiey noaeii, a?aeo?aaeai eee o?aoaeneei noaeii
eneiaie aeaaiinoe iacaaeneii io cayaeaiey noi?ii. A niioaaonoaee
ni no. 43 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN? e
?anioaeee eneiaay aeaaiinoue i?eiaiyaony ioiuia noaeii, a?aeo-
(**1) AAN, 1992, ?3, no. 93.
(**2) AAN, 1991, ? 27, no. 925
(**3) AAN, 1992, ?35, no. 2001.
(**4) AAN, 1992, ?30. no. 1791.
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?aaeiui noaeii eee o?aoaeneei noaeii oieueei ii cayaeaieth noi?iiu
a nii?a.
Oo?aoeei niune iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ieaoaaeioth aeenoeeieeio aeanoeeie
ia?aie, e caeiiiaeaoaeue ia o?aaoao aieaa ia?auaoue a aeioiae ainoaea?-
noaa ia eno?aaiaaiiua o aini?aaei?eyoee a n?ie noiiu caaeieaeai-
iinoe. Yoe noiiu ia?auathony ia i?eaueue i?aaei?eyoey.
Iao aieaa aeanoeeo eiia?aoeaiuo i?aaee ia iaycaoaeueiinoe
i?eiaiaiey eiouanoaaiiuo ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe e ia?ooeoaeyi
aeiaiai?iie aeenoeeieeiu. Aano?aeiuie iiaeii n/eoaoue nouanoaiaaa-
oea i?aaeea ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca iai?eiaiaiea ia? ioaaonoaai-
iinoe (ni., iai?eia?, i. 101 Iieiaeaiey i iinoaaeao i?iaeoeoeee
i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oaoie/aneiai iacia/aiey, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoa-
iiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 10 oaa?aey 1981 a.) (*1). Eii-
o?aaaio nai ii?aaeaeyao naia iiaaaeaiea a ioiioaiee e ae?oaiio
noauaeoo.
3. I?e iiiaiia?acee oi?i nianoaaiiinoe iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau a
caeiia iineaaeiaaoaeueii auaea?aeeaaeinue i?aaeei i ?aaainoaa caueou
anao oi?i nianoaaiiinoe. Naaiaeiy yoi o?aaiaaiea auaea?aeeaaaony,
oau, ia anaaaea iineaaeiaaoaeueii. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy neiaeeeanue ne-
ooaoeey, eiaaea caeiiiaeaoaeue ia?aaeei neeiiyaony e i?ei?eoaoai /an-
oiie nianoaaiiinoe a oua?a ae?oaei oi?iai. Iaeaieueoae aeene?e-
ieiaoeee iiaeaa?aeanue eieeaeoeaiay nianoaaiiinoue, i?aiaeaaeaaoay
a eieoicao e eiiia?aoeaao. Caeiiiaeaoaeue a i?eioeeia ioaa?a aic-
iiaeiinoue nouanoaiaaiey oaeie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe, iiaeiaiea aa
ia eieeaeoeaii-aeieaaoth e eieeaeoeaii-niaianoioth, oi anoue a nou-
iinoe /anoioth nianoaaiiinoue, oi?aaeyaioth ia eieeaaeaeueii, a ia
iniiaa
nouiinoe e oi?aaeyaiay eieeaeoeaii aeoeeiia?iay nianoaaiiinoue
i?aaenoaaeaia a ea/anoaa aeieaaie (*2).
Aac?acia?iay e onei?yaiay iinoiyiii i?eaaoecaoeey eiouanoaa
ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee iiaeaeea ianno
yenoeannia. Iauaia?iaeiia aeinoiyiea a ?acoeueoaoa i?iaeaaony ca aan-
oeaiie, i?ienoiaeeo ia aica?auaiea ia?iaeo aai aeia?a, io/oaeaeaiiiai
iainoaea?noaeaieai nianoaaiiinoe, a ia?aaea/a aai a ?oee iaiiiaeo
ca n/ao aieueoeinoaa.
4. Aeey iineaaeiaaoaeueiiai inouanoaeaiey caeiiiinoe iaiaoiaee-
ii, /oiau naii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai auei iai?ioeai?a/eai, /oiau
caeiiiaeaoaeue iineaaeiaaoaeueii ecae?ae iaaeeaaeauoth i?aaiaoth
oi?io, niioaaonoaothuoth aaia?aeueiie yeiiiie/aneie caaea/a. Anee
yoiai iao, anee eino?oiaiou ?aaoee?iaaiey eca?aiu iaoaea/ii,
(**1) NI, 1981, ?9-10, no. 62.
(**2) Ni.: I. 43 Iieiaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao, ooaa?aeaeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai
Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 25 aeaeaa?y 1990 a.
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aai yooaeoeaiinoue oo?a/eaaaony, a o?iaaiue caeiiiinoe – nieaea-
aony.
E i?eia?o, aaiaey ianoiia naiioi?aaeaiea e o/?aaeaeay aai
nianoaaiioth eiouanoaaiioth aaco, caeiiiaeaoaeue iaia?aaaeny oe-
?aieoue aeanoue ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey, naeaeaoue aa yeiiiie/anee
neeueiie, niiniaiie ?aoaoue caaea/e yeiiiie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai
?acaeoey ca n/ao nianoaaiiie iaoa?eaeueii-oeiainiaie aacu. ?ae-
iiai e ai?iaeai eae nianoaaiieeai aeieaeia i?eiaaeeaaeaoue any
iieiioa iieiiii/ee ii aeaaeaieth, iieueciaaieth e ?anii?yaeaieth
eiouanoaii, eiaiii ei (a eeoea niioaaonoaothueo i?aaiia) i?e-
naiaii i?aai ii?aaeaeyoue oneiaey e ii?yaeie ?acainoaea?noaeaiey
e i?eaaoecaoeee ioieoeeiaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee e ioieoeeiaeueiiai
eiouanoaa (*1).
A oi aea a?aiy, ooaa?aeaeay ainoaea?noaaiioth i?ia?aiio i?eaa-
oecaoeee, e I?aceaeaio ?O e Aa?oiaiue Niaao ?O niaa?oaiii ia
o/eouaaee oiai, /oi eiatho aeaei n nianoaaiieeaie, oiieiiii/ai-
iuie e oiio aea caeiiii ia ?aoaiea aii?inia i?eaaoecaoeee
ioieoeeiaeueiiai eiouanoaa. A ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?ia?aiiao oea-
cuaathony a /enea iauaeoia iaycaoaeueiie i?eaaoecaoeee e oa, ei-
oi?ua iaoiaeyony a ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe, aeiaiaeyony iiea-
caoaee e ii?iaoeau ?ani?aaeaeaiey n?aaenoa, iinooiathueo io i?e-
aaoecaoeee.
*oi inoaaony a yoii aa?eaioa io i?aa ioieoeeiaeueiuo niano-
aaiieeia? Aeinoeaaaony ee caaea/a iii?u ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey
ia nianoaaiiua eiouanoaaiiua oiiaeu? Ioaao iai?aoeaaaony nai
niaie.
A ea/anoaa ia aiieia oaea/iiai i?aaiaiai ?aoaiey aeey iaania/aiey
o/anoey a iai?ioa a?aaeaeai e (eee) th?eaee/aneeo eeoe i?aaenoaaeyaony
aaaaeaiiay no. 9 Caeiia i?aaiaay oi?ia iieiiai oiaa?euanoaa. Aa ?aciuoue
i?aaiaie noaoon n iaee/eai n iaeiie noi?iiu oe?iu (iaeiaiiaaiey)
e ionoonoaeai n ae?oaie noi?iiu i?aa th?eaee/aneiai eeoea a?yae ee
niiniaai iaaeaaeii ianeoaeeoue niaaeeieaoeony a oaeia oiaa?euanoai
eeoe. Ia neo/aeii ia i?aeoeea ?aaeei i?eaaaatho e yoie i?aaiaie
oi?ia. Oianoii aniiiieoue e oi, /oi ii AE ?NON? 1922 a. iieiia
oiaa?euanoai i?eciaaaeinue th?eaee/aneei eeoeii (no. 298 AE
?NON?).
5. Caeiiiinoue aeieaeia auoue aaeeiie. Yoi o?aaiaaiea aeeeooao ia-
noaiiaea noaiiaeaiey ?uiea, eioi?ay i?ioiaeeo a oneiaeyo neeueiae-
oeo oeaio?iaaaeiuo oaiaeaioeee ia oieueei ni noi?iiu iaoeeiiaeueiuo
?anioaeee, ii e e?aaa, iaeanoae a no?aieaiee ?aoeoue naie ianoiua
caaea/e ca n/ao ae?oaeo oa??eoi?ee e Oaaea?aoeee a oeaeii aac o/aoa
(**1) Ni.: no. 55 i. 7, no. 66 i. 7 Caeiia i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee a ?NON?.
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neiaeiuo yeiiiie/aneeo oneiaee ec-ca aeaenoaey eeeiaoe/aneeo,
yeieiae/aneeo, no?oeoo?ii-yeiiiie/aneeo e eiuo oaeoi?ia a ae?oaeo
?aaeiiao. Yoi o?aaiaaiea auoaeaao ec oiai, /oi ii?iaeueiue oicye-
noaaiiue iai?io, oi?aiaey iaaeaeo ?aaeiiaie iiaoo auoue iaania/aiu
oieueei a oneiaeyo aaeeinoaa i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey, eneeth/athuaai
aeene?eieiaoeeth
A yoii niunea iaiaaeaaeeaathuei yaeyaony oi, /oi ana o?e ?acaeaea
Oaaea?aoeaiiai aeiaiai?a e iuia aeaenoaothuay Eiinoeoooeey ?O
(no. 71) ioianee e aaaeaieth oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia aeanoe onoaiia-
eaiea i?aaiauo iniia aaeeiiai ?uiea, oeiainiaia, aaethoiia, e?a-
aeeoiia, oaiiaeaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea, aeaiaaeioth yienneth, iniiau
oeaiiaie iieeoeee, oaaea?aeueiua yeiiiie/aneea neoaeau, aeeth/ay
oaaea?aeueiua aaiee, oaaea?aeueiua iaeiae e nai?u, oaaea?aeueiua
oiiaeu ?aaeiiaeueiiai ?acaeoey, oaaea?aeueiua yia?aaoe/aneea nen-
oaiu, yaea?ioth yia?aaoeeo, ?anuaieythuea iaoa?eaeu, oaaea?aeue-
iue o?ainii?o, eioi?iaoeeth e naycue, aeayoaeueiinoue a einiina.
Ianiiiaiii oe?aieo aaeeinoai caeiiiinoe e ioianaiea e aaaeaieth
oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia a?aeo?aaeii-i?ioeanoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaa, eai aaeeinoai a ?ac?aoaiee oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia iaania/e-
aaao a oeaeii oicyenoaaiiue i?aaiii?yaeie ia anae oa??eoi?ee
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
E niaeaeaieth, caeiiiaeaoaeue ia auneacae ii?aaeaeaiiiai ioiioa-
iey e nicaeaieth aaeeiiai i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey ia aaca Oicyeno-
aaiiiai eiaeaena ?O eee Iniia oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa,
eioi?ue niia au noaoue noa?aeiaaui caeiiiaeaoaeueiui aeoii aeey
?aaoee?iaaiey oicyenoaiaaiey ia anae oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee, iaania/ee aaeeinoai aeayoaeueiinoe oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia
e ainoaea?noaaiiuo iiaeoiaeia e ?acaeoeth ?uii/iie yeiiiieee. Aa-
aeouaany caeiiiaeaoaeueiia iaania/aiea anao yoeo i?ioeannia i?ien-
oiaeeo ii noa?ai, iai?aaeaieyi, einoeoooai. Caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai i?e
oaeii iiaeoiaea inoaaony ?acae?iaeaiiui, aannenoaiiui. Ia ?aoathony
iiiaea iauea aii?inu. A i?aaiaii aaeooia ieacuaaaony oeaeue ?yae
noa? oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, a ?yae ec ieo ec-ca ionoonoaey
aaeeiuo iaoiaeieiae/aneeo enoiaeiuo iiceoeee ia iieo/aao aaeaeaao-
iiai i?aaiaiai au?aaeaiey.
Ana yoi aiai?eo i oii, /oi aii?in oeaio?aeueiiai nenoaiiia?a-
cothuaai aeoa a noa?a yeiiiieee i?iaeieaeaao inoaaaoueny aeooaeue-
iui.
6. Caeiiiinoue aeeth/aao a naay oaeaea aii?in ia o?iaia eniie-
iaiey caeiiia, i?aeoeea aeayoaeueiinoe ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia,
iaania/eaathueo i?aaiii?yaeie. Ia?aoiaeiue e ?uieo ia?eiae ii-
?iaeee oeaeue ?yae i?iaeai, aeeythueo ia o?iaaiue caeiiiinoe.
Ia?acaeoinoue ?uii/iuo i?aaiauo iaoaieciia e, iiaeii neacaoue,
o?aaeeoeee, onei?aiiue ia?aoiae e ia?aiia/aeueiiio iaeiieaieth
!!225
eaieoaea e nicaeaieth eeanna nianoaaiieeia ca n/ao iaeeaeoeiiiai
i?enaiaiey iauaia?iaeiie nianoaaiiinoe, niaeoeyoeaiiai iaiaa-
uaiey iin?aaeie/athueo noa? i?eaiaeeo e ianoaiiaea
?uiea.
Ia?aeinu a yeiiiie/aneie no?oeoo?a, iaaeaiea i?iecaiaenoaa,
?ac?uau a o?iaia aeioiaeia a i?iecaiaenoaaiiie e iin?aaeie/aneie
noa?a, iauaa iaaeaiea aeioiaeia o?oaeyueony, iiiaea ae?oaea oaeoi?u
yeiiiie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai ii?yaeea ia iicaieytho i?ieiaeeoue
aei?iao ii?iaeueiui ?uii/iui ?aaoeyoi?ai: /anoiie eiieo?aioeee,
oeeaeeeciaaiiiio ia?aiauaieth eaieoaea a niioaaonoaee n iauan-
oaaiiuie iio?aaiinoyie, au?aaieaaieth o?iaiy aeioiaeia e ae?. In
ni?aaeythony ni naieie caaea/aie a iieiie ia?a iaeiaiaay neoaeaa,
i?aaiio?aieoaeueiua i?aaiu, eioi?ui ia oaeaaony naea?aeaoue aieio
yeiiiie/aneie i?anooiiinoe e ?yeaoa. Yoi oiiiaeaaony ia iaain-
i?eei/eainoue aieueoae /anoueth iauanoaa /anoiuo eaeaaeia, ooaa?-
aeaeaiea eioi?uo nii?iaiaeaeaaony iaeeaeoeiiui ia?a?ani?aaeaea-
ieai aeioiaeia, nie?ooaieai iauanoaaiii cia/eiiai, o?aaeeoeeiiii
iauanoaaiiiai. Iiiyoii, /oi i?iaaaeaiea ia?ano?ieee a aeooa /an-
oiieaieoaeenoe/aneeo ii?yaeeia ia iiaeao ano?aoeoue iiieiaiey o
oao, eiai aaaeoo e iei, ioa?anuaay iniiau aeaenoaiaaaoaai eiinoe-
oooeeiiiiai no?iy, ?ac?ooay einoeooou, ianeoaeeaathuea iauano-
aaiiia i?iecaiaenoai ia aaca iauaia?iaeiie eee eieeaeoeaiie ni-
anoaaiiinoe.
Oaeanony ee noaaeeece?iaaoue e aa?iiiece?iaaoue ia?aoiae e ?uieo,
ia eaeie iniiaa aoaeao a eiia/iii n/aoa niaa?oai yoio ia?aoiae, –
ia yoio aii?in ioaaoeo aoaeouaa. Aii?in ia o?iaia caeiiiinoe, iaaei
iaaeayoueny, aoaeao ?aoaoueny a eo/ooth noi?iio a ia?o yaiethoeee
?aoi?i a noi?iio oeeaeeeciaaiiiai ?uiea n o/anoeai anao oi?i
nianoaaiiinoe, n oaea?aeaieai a ni?aaaaeeeauo ?aieao /anoiiai i?aae-
i?eieiaoaeuenoaa, no?ieoaeuenoaa yeiiiie/aneeo e iieeoe/aneeo ei-
noeoooia n o/aoii eioa?ania aieueoeinoaa ia?iaea.
3. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?aaiecaoeey i?aaiaie ?aaiou a yeiiiieea
1. I?aaiaay ?aaioa a yeiiiieea ninoieo a iiaeaea?aeaiee aino-
aea?noaii caeiiiinoe i?e inouanoaeaiee oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeue-
iinoe. A oneiaeyo aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiiai iaoaiecia auei
i?eiyoi n/eoaoue, /oi oaeoth ?aaioo aaaeao i?aaiaay neoaeaa ainoaea?-
noaaiiuo e eiiia?aoeaiuo i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee, iaania/e-
aathuay caeeth/aiea e eniieiaiea aeiaiai?ia, i?eieiathuay ia?u
e caueoa eo ia?ooaiiuo i?aa e eioa?ania.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy anoue ana iniiaaiey n/eoaoue, /oi i?aaiaoth
?aaioo a yeiiiieea aaaeoo i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aa-
!!226
eaiey, ii?aoeaii iiaeaea?aeeaathuea i?aaiii?yaeie a aeayoaeueiinoe
oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia, i?eieiathuea ia?u e iiaeaea?aeaieth aa
a ninoiyiee, iaania/eaathuai ?aaeecaoeeth ioaee/iuo eioa?ania
ainoaea?noaa e iauanoaa. N yoie oi/ee c?aiey ia neaaeoao ioiineoue
e i?aaiaie ?aaioa aeayoaeueiinoue th?eaee/aneeo neoaea, caueuathueo
/anoiua (aaoiiiiiua) eioa?anu nianoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee. Oaeoth
?aaioo iaaei ioeaieaaoue ia eae ?aaioo a yeiiiieea, a a ea/anoaa
iau/iie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, iaeaeaaiie a i?aaiaua oi?-
iu.
Ia neaaeoao ioiineoue e i?aaiaie ?aaioa a yeiiiieea aeayoaeueiinoue
i?aaiia i?aainoaeey: A?aeo?aaeiiai noaea, o?aoaeneiai noaea, iaaeaeo-
ia?iaeiiai eiiia?/aneiai a?aeo?aaea, iineieueeo iie inouanoaeytho
oieueei ?ac?aoaiea oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia iaaeaeo ioaeaeueiuie noau-
aeoaie oicyenoaiaaiey a oi?ia aeoia i?aainoaeey e a?aeo?e?iaaiey.
Ia ioiineony e i?aaiaie ?aaioa aeayoaeueiinoue e i?aaiio?aieoaeueiuo
i?aaiia: i?ieo?aoo?u, IAAe aaeaeo oiai, /oi iia iai?aaeaia oieueei
ia i?ana/aiea i?aaiia?ooaiee e ia eiaao aia yoiai iianaaeiaaiiai
i?aaiecothuaai niaea?aeaiey.
2. Ii iaoaio iiaieth, i?aaiaoth ?aaioo a yeiiiieea aaaeoo
oaeea i?aaiu aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, eae i?aaiu Ainoaea?noaaiiie
iaeiaiaie neoaeau ?O, Aineiieoaoa ?O ii aioeiiiiiieueiie ii-
eeoeea e iiaeaea?aeea iiauo yeiiiie/aneeo no?oeoo?, Aineiioeai
?O, ?inno?aoiaaeci?a ?O, Ainnoaiaea?oa ?O, Ainoaea?noaaiiiai oa-
iiaeaiiiai eiieoaoa ?O, IAYN ?O, Aineiieiouanoaa ?O, i?aaiu
ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey, ?ac?aoathuea caiyoea ii?aaeaeaiiie
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth (no. 36 Caeiia . – NAII. 1993, ? 19, no. 1589.
(**2) NAII, 1993, ? 23, no. 2112.
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ae) i?einoaiaaeeaatho ?aaeecaoeeth oiaa?ia (e ieacuaaaiua i?e
yoii oneoae), ia niioaaonoaothueo ii ea/anoao iaycaoaeueiui o?a-
aiaaieyi noaiaea?oia, iianiuo (a?aaeiuo) aeey aeecie, caei?iauey e
eiouanoaa a?aaeaeai;
a) ?anniao?eaatho cayaeaiey e aeaeiau a?aaeaeai e iinea niioaao-
noaothueo i?iaa?ie i?eieiatho ii iei ?aoaiey, iaycaoaeueiua aeey
eniieiaiey i?iaeaaoeii, ecaioiaeoaeai (i?e ianiaeanee n i?eiyoui
?aoaieai i?iaeaaaoe, ecaioiaeoaeue, iio?aaeoaeue ai?aaa ia?aoeoueny
a noae, a?aeo?aaeiue noae a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea, i?e yoii aeaenoaea
?aoaiee oi?aaeaiee Ainoi?aeiniaeoeee ia i?einoaiaaeeaaaony aei
?aoaiey noaea).
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee yoeo ooieoeee Ainoi?aeiniaeoeey eiaao i?aai:
a) inouanoaeyoue i?iaa?ee n i?aaii aani?aiyonoaaiiiai aeinooia
ia oi?aiauo e i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo;
a) i?iecaiaeeoue eiio?ieueiua iieoiee oiaa?ia, ecuiaoue ia?acoeu
(i?iau) aeey enneaaeiaaiey ea/anoaa;
a) inouanoaeyoue eiio?ieue ca iaee/eai o i?iaeaaoea, ecaioiaeoaey
na?oeoeeaoa ia ?aaeecoaiua oiaa?u e niioaaonoaeai eo o?aaiaaieyi
eiie?aoiiai noaiaea?oa eee ae?oaiai ii?iaoeaiiai aeieoiaioa;
a) aeaaaoue caeeth/aiea ii i?inueaa i?iaeaaoea, iio?aaeoaey i ea/an-
oaa na?oeoeoee?iaaiiuo oiaa?ia;
ae) ninoaaeyoue aeou e aeaaaoue iaycaoaeueiua e eniieiaieth i?iaeaa-
oeii, ecaioiaeoaeai i?aaeienaiey: ia ono?aiaiee auyaeaiiuo ia?o-
oaiee i?aaee oi?aiaee e oaoiieiae/aneie aeenoeeieeiu i?e i?iec-
aiaenoaa oiaa?ia; i niyoee n ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia, iianiuo (a?aaeiuo)
aeey aeecie, caei?iauey e eiouanoaa a?aaeaeai; i i?einoaiiaeaiee eee
aaaaeaiee iniauo oneiaee i?eaiee e ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia, ecaioiaeai-
iuo n ia?ooaieyie o?aaiaaiee ii?iaoeaiie aeieoiaioaoeee aei on-
o?aiaiey iaaeinoaoeia e iiaoi?iiai caeeth/aiey Ainoi?aeiniaeoeee;
a) ia?aaeaaaoue iaoa?eaeu a neaaenoaaiiua i?aaiu aeey i?eaea/aiey
e ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe, aeiioneathueo iaiaeiie?aoiua
ceioiio?aaeaiey a oi?aiaea, auionea e ?aaeecaoeee iaaeia?iea/ano-
aaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, iaiinyuae cia/eoaeueiue oua?a eioa?anai iio-
?aaeoaeae;
ae) aunooiaoue noi?iiie a i?aaiao noaea e a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea.
I?iaeaaaoe, ecaioiaeoaeue iaycaiu aeaaaoue iauyniaiey, naycaiiua
n ?acoeueoaoaie i?iaa?ie, i?eieiaoue ia?u ii ono?aiaieth ane?uouo
ia?ooaiee e niiauaoue ia yoii a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee niioaaonoao-
thuei oi?aaeaieyi Ainoi?aeiniaeoeee.
10. Oaaea?aeueiue ai?iue e i?iiuoeaiiue iaaeci? ?innee (Ain-
ai?oaoiaaeci? ?innee) aeaenoaoao a niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai, oo-
aa?aeaeaiiui Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io 18 oaa?aey 1993 aiaea ? 234 (*1).
(**1) NAII, 1993, ? 8, no. 657.
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Ii auiieiyao caaea/e ii i?aaiecaoeee e inouanoaeaieth ainoaea?no-
aaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey i?iiuoeaiiie aaciianiinoe e ainoaea?no-
aaiiiai iaaeci?a ca niaethaeaieai oeaio?aeueiuie i?aaiaie oaaea?aeue-
iie eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe, i?aaei?eyoeyie, iauaaeeiaieyie e i?-
aaiecaoeeyie, iacaaeneii io eo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i,
aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie e a?aaeaeaiaie o?aaiaaiee ii aaciianiiio
aaaeaieth ?aaio a i?iiuoeaiiinoe, ono?ienoao e aaciianiie yeni-
eoaoaoeee iai?oaeiaaiey;
ii i?aaiecaoeee e inouanoaeaieth ai?iiai iaaeci?a a oeaeyo ni-
aethaeaiey anaie iieueciaaoaeyie iaae? caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?O, i?aaee
e ii?i ii aaciianiiio aaaeaieth ?aaio, i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth e ono?aia-
ieth eo a?aaeiiai aeeyiey ia ianaeaiea, ie?oaeathuoth i?e?iaeioth
n?aaeo, iauaeou ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, a oaeaea ii io?aia iaae?:
ii inouanoaeaieth eeoeaice?iaaiey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia aeayoaeueiin-
oe, naycaiiuo n iiauoaiiie iianiinoueth, e ae?oaea caaea/e oaeiai
?iaea a oaieueiie, ai?ii?oaeiie, ?oaeiie, iaoaeeo?ae/aneie, iaooa- e
aaciaeiauaathuae, iaooa- e aaciia?a?aaaouaathuae i?iiuoeaiiin-
oe, iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoeyo, naycaiiuo n iiauoaiiie iian-
iinoueth eo aeayoaeueiinoe.
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee yoeo caaea/ Ainai?oaoiaaeci? ?innee eiaao i?aai
i?iaiaeeoue aani?aiyonoaaiii i?iaa?ee iiaeeiio?ieueiuo i?aaei?eyoee
e iauaeoia; ooaa?aeaeaoue ii?iaoeaii-oaoie/aneea aeieoiaiou ii ai-
i?inai, aoiaeyuei a aai eiiiaoaioeeth, iaycaoaeueiua aeey eniieiaiey
anaie th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie e a?aaeaeaiaie; aeaaaoue iaycaoaeueiua
aeey eniieiaiey i?aaeienaiey ia ono?aiaiee auyaeaiiuo ia?ooaiee,
i i?einoaiiaeaiee ?aaio, eioi?ua aaaeoony n ia?ooaieai onoaiia-
eaiiuo i?aaee; i?einoaiaaeeaaoue aeaenoaea eee aiioee?iaaoue (ecu-
iaoue) auaeaiiua ?ac?aoaiey (eeoeaicee) ia i?iaaaeaiea ?ac?aoaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe a neo/ayo ia?ooaiey oneiaee aeaenoaey ?ac?aoaiee,
a oaeaea, eiaaea aicieeaao iianiinoue aaa?ee, oa?ica aeaaee ethaeae
eee iaianaiey oua?aa eo caei?iaueth.
Ainai?oaoiaaeci? eiaao i?aai ia?aaeaaaoue a niioaaonoaothueo neo-
/ayo iaoa?eaeu a aaeieieno?aoeaiua e neaaenoaaiiua i?aaiu aeey
i?eaea/aiey aeiiaiuo e ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
11. Aaaeioth i?aaiaoth ?aaioo a yeiiiieea inouanoaeyao Aino-
aea?noaaiiue eiieoao ?O ii oi?aaeaieth ainoaea?noaaiiui eiouan-
oaii (*1), eiieoaou ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii e?ay, iaeanoe, aaoi-
iiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai ie?oaa, ai?iaeia Iineau e Naieo-Ia-
oa?ao?aa, oa??eoi?eaeueiua aaaionoaa Aineiieiouanoaa ?O, eioi?ua
inouanoaeytho a i?aaeaeao naiae eiiiaoaioeee ia?ii?eyoey ii i?e-
aaoecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiouanoaa, nicaeatho) ?ai?aaiecotho e
(**1) Iieiaeaiea i iai ooaa?aeaeaii iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia ?NON? io 21
yiaa?y 1991 a.-NI ?NON?. 1991, ?1 1. no. 145.
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eeeaeaee?otho a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea ainoaea?noaaiiua i?aaei?e-
yoey, ooaa?aeaeatho eo onoaau, caeeth/atho, eciaiytho e ?anoi?aatho
eiio?aeou n eo ?oeiaiaeeoaeyie, aaaeoo ?aano?u ainoaea?noaaiiiai
eiouanoaa, aunooiatho aai a?aiaeiaeaoaeyie.
Iie ai anao oaeeo neo/ayo eiio?iee?otho caeiiiinoue i?iaaaeaiey
i?ioeannia i?eaaoecaoeee, eniieueciaaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai eiouan-
oaa, ia?aaeaaaaiiai ii aeiaiai?ai, aunooiatho a ea/anoaa enooeia i
i?eciaiee iaaeaenoaeoaeueiuie naeaeie i?eaaoecaoeee, ?anoi?aeaiee
aeiaiai?ia i ia?aaea/a aineiouanoaa a iieueciaaiea i?e ia?ooaiee
i?aa e eioa?ania ainoaea?noaa.
12. Aii?inu iiaeaea?aeaiey caeiiiinoe a aeayoaeueiinoe oicyenoao-
thueo noauaeoia ano?a/athony oaeaea a ?aaioa Ieienoa?noaa io?aiu
ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu (*1). Ieienoa?noaa yeiiiieee ?O (*2). Iie ninoaaeytho
aaaeioth /anoue aeanoiie aeayoaeueiinoe e?aaaie, iaeanoiie aaeieien-
o?aoeee niioaaonoaothueo aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiuo ia?a-
ciaaiee” (*3), i?aaiia ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey e ianoiie aaeieieno?a-
oeee, ?aoaiey eioi?uo, i?eiyoua a i?aaeaeao eo eiiiaoaioeee, iinyo
iaycaoaeueiue oa?aeoa? aeey anao oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia e iaau-
iieiaiea eo aea/ao ioaaonoaaiiinoue aeey aeiiaiuo a yoii i?aaie-
caoeee, aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe e a?aaeaeai.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Eae neaaeoao iiieiaoue caeiiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioii-
oaieyo a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo?
2. Eaeiau o?aaiaaiey e caeiiiinoe ia?aoiaeiiai e ?uieo ia?e-
iaea? Aeaeoa eo oa?aeoa?enoeeo e iauynieoa cia/aiea eaaeaeiai ec
ieo.
3. A /ai ninoieo i?aaiaay ?aaioa a yeiiiieea? Eaeea i?aaiu
inouanoaeytho iiaeaea?aeaiea caeiiiinoe a yeiiiieea? Oeaaeeoa
noa?o eo aeayoaeueiinoe.
4. Eaeiau i?aaiaua oi?iu aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia, iania/eaa-
thueo caeiiiinoue oicyenoaaiiouo ioiioaiee?
(**1) Iieiaeaiea i Ieienoa?noaa io?aiu ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu e i?e?iaeiuo ?ano?nia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ooaa?aeaeaii iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee io 18 aeaeaa?y 1992 a. – NAII, 1993, ? 3, no. 172.
(**2) Iieiaeaiea i i?i ooaa?aeaeaii iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 2 ia?oa
1993 a. – NAII, 1993, ?10, no. 846. I aeayoaeueiinoe AEAI ?O aiai?eeinue ?aiaa.
(**3) Iiieii eiiiaoaioeee, eceiaeaiiie a caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia yoeo i?aaiao, eiiiaoai-
oeey aaeieieno?aoeee iiaeao ?anoe?youeny e ii eeiee i?aaeoaeuenoaa. Iai?eia?, iinoa-
iiaeaieai io 27 iay 1992 a. eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiuo
ia?aciaaiee, ai?iaeia oaaea?aeueiiai cia/aiey i?aaeinoaaeaia cia/eoaeueiay eiiiaoai-
oeey ia eeoeaice?iaaiea ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia aeayoaeueiinoe. -NAII, 1993, ?22, no. 2033.
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Oaia IX. N?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa
1. Iauea iieiaeaiey i n?ieao a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
1. Ni n?ieaie iu ano?a/aainy i?aeoe/anee a ethaie io?anee
i?aaa. N?ie eae io?acie a?aiaie eiaao o?e yeaiaioa: ia/aei,
oa/aiea, eiiaoe. Aeey eaaeaeiai ec ieo onoaiaaeeaathony ii?aaeaeaiiua
i?aaiaua iineaaenoaey. N ia/aeii oa/aiey n?iea ia i?aaeuyaeaiea
i?aoaicee e aai oa/aieai naycaii, e i?eia?o, i?aai ia i?aaeuyaeaiea
i?aoaicee e i?aaiecaoeeyi o?ainii?oa e nayce. N ieii/aieai oaeiai
n?iea yoi i?aai iiaaoaaony.
Eeoue o n?ieia, aaea ia/aei, oa/aiea e eiiaoe neeou aiaaeeii aaeaeo
iai?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe n?iea (iiiaiou), i?aaiaua iineaaenoaey nay-
cuaathony iaiin?aaenoaaiii n naiei n?ieii, a ia aai yeaiaioaie
(iiiaio ia?aoiaea i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe e ?enea neo/aeiie aeaaee
aaue, iiiaio caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?a, eniieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoaa e
Ae?.).
2. A oeaeyo oii?yaei/aiey oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee caeiiiaea-
oaeue eniieuecoao a ea/anoaa n?ieia ?acee/iua io?acee a?aiaie:
ia?eiaeu aiaea (iai?eia?, iaaeaaoeeiiiue ia?eiae aeey o?ainii?oe-
?iaee a?ocia ?a/iui e ii?neei o?ainii?oii), nacii – aeey ioii-
oaiee caaioiaee naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee. Iiaoo eniieue-
ciaaoueny io?acee a?aiaie naiie ?aciie aeeeoaeueiinoe: ioaaonoaai-
iinoue ca i?inoie o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa en/eneyaony ieiooaie,
?an/aou iaaeaeo oicyenoaaie e caaioiaeoaeyie naeueneioicyenoaai-
iie i?iaeoeoeee en/eneythony aeiyie i?eaiee i?iaeoeoeee, aeieain-
?i/iua aeiaiai?u ia iinoaaeo i?iaeoeoeee iiaoo caeeth/aoueny ia
iyoeeaoiee ia?eiae e o.ae.
Eiiaaea e caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eaaaaao e onoaiiaeaieth n?iea, oeacaa
ia aai
oaeuenoaa). Yoi icia/aao, /oi eiie?aoiay i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue oaeiai
n?iea ii?aaeaeyaony naieie o/anoieeaie oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiio-
iioaiey, enoiaey ec eiie?aoiie neooaoeee, a i?e ionoonoaee niaea-
oaiey a oiaea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia – a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii.
N?iee a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo onoaiaaeeaathony ii-?acii-
io, a caaeneiinoe io iiiaeo oaeoi?ia: iacia/aiey n?ieia o/ano-
aothueo noauaeoia, oa?aeoa?a aeaenoaee, ninoaaeythueo iauaeo iay-
caoaeuenoaa e ae?. A nayce n yoei iie onoaiaaeeaathony ?acee/iuie
i?aaiaie e a ?acee/iuo i?aaiauo aeoao: caeiiaie, iiaecaeiiiuie
aeoaie; aeiaiai?ii oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia, a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo
iie iiaoo ii?aaeaeyoueny iaeiinoi?iiiei aieaecuyaeaieai.
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3. Aeey ioiioaiee aa?oeeaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a, o?aaothueo /ao-
einoe e eiie?aoiinoe, i?eiaiythony, aeaaiui ia?acii, oi/ii ii-
?aaeaeaiiua n?iee, oae eae yoi naycaii n onoaiiaeaieai ainoaea?-
noaaiiiai i?aaiii?yaeea a yeiiiieea n aeiaaaeaieai aei i?aaei?eyoee
caeacia aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae, yeiiiie/aneeo ii?iaoeaia
aeey aaieia, i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ii cayaeai ia i?eaaoecaoeeth e o.i.
neooaoeeyo.
Oae onoaiaaeeaathony n?iee ia ?anniio?aiea cayaie ia i?eaa-
oecaoeeth (no. 14 Caeiia ), n?iee nicaeaiey eiiennee ii
i?eaaoecaoeee (no. 14 i. 3 oiai aea Caeiia), n?iee ioaeeeaoeee ei-
oi?iaoeee i i?eaaoece?oaiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo (no. 18 i. 1 oiai aea
Caeiia)
Aianoa n oai n?iee auiieiaiey caaeaiee aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo
ioaeae iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny ia oieueei aee?aeoeaii, ii e aeeniiceoeaii
ii niaeaoaieth aincaeac/eeia n iinoaaueeaie (ni. no. 4 Caeiia ?O
).
Ia?aoiae e iiaui iaoiaeai oicyenoaiaaiey i?aaeinoaaeyao aic-
iiaeiinoue iinoaaueeai onoaiiaeoue ii niaeaoaieth n aincaeac/eeii
n?iee iinoaaie, oi anoue i?eiaiaiea aeiaiai?iuo n?ieia iiaeao auoue
inouanoaeaii e i?e ?aaeecaoeee ieaie?oaiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo
ioaeae.
4. A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo eniieuecothony eae iauea, oae
e nie?auaiiua eee niaoeeaeueiua n?iee. Iaueie iau/ii iacuaatho
n?iee, ?ann/eoaiiua ia ana eee a?oiio i?aaiioiioaiee niioaaono-
aothuaai oa?aeoa?a. Oae, e iauei ioiinyony n?iee oi?ie?iaaiey
e iieaou onoaaiiai eaieoaea aeoeeiia?iuie iauanoaaie, iineieueeo
iie eanathony anao aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoa e aeoeeiia?ia (ni. i. 38
Iieiaeaiey ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao). Niaoeeaeueiui (nie?auai-
iui) n?ieii yaeyaony n?ie aeey aianaiey iaiiea/aiiie /anoe aeoeee.
Oaeia o?aaiaaiea Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia iauanoaa aeieaeii auoue auiie-
iai aeoeeiia?aie a oa/aiea 15 aeiae.
Niaoeeaeueiua n?iee i?eiaiythony oieueei e ai/ii onoaiiaeaiiiio
e?oao i?aaiioiioaiee e i?e oii a ecuyoea ec i?aaee ia iaueo
n?ieao. Oaeiau n?iee i o?aaiaaieyo ii ia?ooaieyi oneiaee i
ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia i?e iinoaaea, i iaonoieeao, (no. 79
AE ?NON?).
5. A i?aaeaeao iaueo iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny oaeaea e /anoiua
n?iee, eniieuecoaiua, eae i?aaeei, i?e eniieiaiee aeeyueony oi-
cyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa ii iinoaaea, eaieoaeueiiio no?ieoaeuenoao,
ia?aaiceao. I?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue eo onoaiaaeeaaaony a caaeneiinoe
io aeeeoaeueiinoe no?ieoaeueiiai oeeeea; ia?eiaeia nic?aaaiey naeuen-
eioicyenoaaiiuo eoeueoo?, i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oneiaee nio?oaeie/a-
thueo noi?ii e ae?oaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa.
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I?e iinoaaea i?iaeoeoeee inouanoaeaiea i?aaa iieoiaoaey e
eniieiaiea iaycaiiinoe iinoaaueea ii?aaeaeyaony aeiaiai?ii, enoiaey
ec iau/iuo o?aaiaaiee i ?eoie/iinoe iinoaaie, iaiaoiaeeiie aeey
ii?iaeueiie oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe iinoaaueea e iieoiaoaey.
Yoi i?aaeiieaaaao aiciiaeiinoue onoaiiaeaiey e /anoiuo n?ieia.
/_ *anoiua n?iee iiaaoaiey nnoaeu a i?aaeaeao iauaai n?iea aa
aica?aoa ii?aaeaeythony noi?iiaie.
*anoiua n?iee eiatho aieueoia cia/aiea a oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee, iauaaeeiaiee, i?aaiecaoeee. Iie ii?iaee-
cotho eo aeayoaeueiinoue, ieacuaay aicaeaenoaea ia ?eoie/iinoue i?i-
ecaiaenoaa, a oaeaea aeatho aiciiaeiinoue oi?aaiii/aiiiio noauaeoo
i?ieiio?iee?iaaoue ea/anoai e naiaa?aiaiiinoue auiieiaiey ?acee/-
iuo aeaenoaee iaycaiiui eeoeii.
E /anoiui n?ieai ioiinyony e oae iacuaaaiua) a?aoeee eniie-
iaiey iaycaoaeuenoa. A?aoeee niaiauaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio e i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo i?ioeannia iniiaiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoey, ia?aaea/e iai?oaeiaaiey, iaoa?eaeia, a?aoeee auiieiaiey
ionei-iaeaaei/iuo e no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio niaeanothony noi-
?iiaie aeiaiai?a iiae?yaea ia eaieoaeueiia no?ieoaeuenoai.
6.N?iee a oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao, eae i?aaeei, noaaeeue-
iu. Io ieo iaeuecy ioeeiieoueny ie a oo, ie a ae?oaoth noi?iio. Ec
yoiai iauaai i?aaeea caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai aeiioneaao iaeioi?ua eneeth-
/aiey. Oae, aein?i/iia eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa aeiionoeii a neeo
caeiia, nouanoaa iaycaoaeuenoaa eee niaeaoaiey noi?ii (no. 173 AE
?NON?). Iuia anaia?ii iiiu?yaony aein?i/iay naea/a iauaeoia ea-
ieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa.
n ca/aoii aa a n/ao eiee/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee, iiaeeaaeauae naea/a ii
aeiaiai?o iinoaaee eee eiio?aeoaoeee a neaaeothuai naeaoi/iii ia?e-
iaea. ?ac?aoaaony oaeaea aein?i/iia aica?auaiea aaieianeie nnoaeu,
e eiia aein?i/iia eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa, niioaaonoaothuea eioa-
?anai noi?ii e a oeaeii – ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa.
2. I?aaiecaoeeiiiua n?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa
1. E i?aaiecaoeeiiiui n?ieai ioiinyony onoaiiaeaiiua caei-
iii io?acee a?aiaie, a oa/aiea eioi?uo aeieaeiu auoue niaa?oaiu
aeaenoaey ii oi?ie?iaaieth i?aaiioiioaiee a iaeanoe inouanoa-
eaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe: i?aaenoaaeaia aeey ooaa?aeaeaiey
ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee (no. 3 Caeiia ), i?aaenoaaeai onoaa i?aaiecaoeee aeey aai ooaa?aeaeaiey eee
?aaeno?aoeee.
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Oicyenoaaiiua ioiioaiey, i?aaeaea /ai aicieeiooue, i?ioiaeyo
ii?aaeaeaiiue i?ioeann oi?ie?iaaiey. A ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo ii au-
eeaaaony a aeinoaoi/ii neiaeioth i?ioeaaeo?o. Oaeiaa, e i?eia?o,
i?ioeaaeo?a oi?ie?iaaiey e ?aaeecaoeee ieaiia i?eaaoecaoeee, ei-
oi?ay ?acaeaaaony ia ioaeaeueiua yoaiu n onoaiiaeaieai niioaaono-
aothueo iineaaenoaee aeey eaaeaeiai yoaia aeaiiiai i?ioeanna.
2. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia i?eaaoecaoeee aiineony i?aaeoaeue-
noaii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e ooaa?aeaeaaony aunoei i?aaenoaae-
oaeueiui i?aaiii aeanoe ia iicaea, /ai ca ianyoe aei ianoaeaeaiey a
ia?aii /oaiee caeiia i ?anioaeeeaineii athaeaeaoa ?O (no. 3 Caeiia
).
A niioaaonoaee n yoie i?ia?aiiie a ii?aaeaeaiiua n?iee i?iec-
aiaeyony aeaenoaey i?aaiia, i?iaiaeyueo i?eaaoecaoeeth. ?aoaiea ii
cayaea ia i?eaaoecaoeeth aeieaeii auoue i?eiyoi niioaaonoaothuei
eiieoaoii ii oi?aaeaieth eiouanoaii a iany/iue n?ie ni aeiy
iiaea/e e ?aaeno?aoeee cayaee (no. 14 Caeiia).
I?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiey i i?eaaoecaoeee nicaeaiiay eiienney ii
i?eaaoecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey, eioi?ay aeieaeia ?ac?aaioaoue ieai i?e-
aaoecaoeee a n?ie ia aieaa o?ao ianyoeaa ni aeiy iiaea/e cayaee ia
i?eaaoecaoeeth. Yoio n?ie iiaeao auoue i?iaeeai Aineiieiouanoaii
?O, ii ia aieaa /ai aei oanoe ianyoeaa.
?ac?aaioaiiua ieaiu aeieaeiu auoue i?aaenoaaeaiu aeey niaeani-
aaiey o?oaeiaiio eieeaeoeao i?aaei?eyoey, aaeieieno?aoeee niioaao-
noaothuaai ?aaeiia. Aeey ?anniio?aiey ei oaeaea i?aaeinoaaeyaony
iaaeaeueiue n?ie. Anee a yoio n?ie iie ia i?eioo ?aoaiey, ieai
n/eoaaony niaeaniaaiiui (no. 14 Caeiia).
Ana iineaaeothuea aeaenoaey ii i?eaaoecaoeee oaeaea aeieaeiu i?i-
aiaeeoueny a oeacaiiua n?iee. I?e yoii a niioaaonoaothueo aeoao
i?aaeoniao?eaathony ii iauaio i?aaeeo iineaaenoaey ianooieaiey
n?ieia e iineaaenoaey eo ianiaethaeaiey noauaeoaie, a aae?an eioi?uo
iie onoaiaaeeaathony.
Oae, a niioaaonoaee n ieaiii i?eaaoecaoeee i?iaeaaaoe ninoaaeyao
eioi?iaoeeiiiia niiauaiea ia iauaeoa, i?aaeeaaaaiii ia aoeoeeiia,
e i?aaiecoao aai ioaeeeaoeeth a ianoiie ia/aoe e niaoeeaeueiuo
eioi?iaoeeiiiuo atheeaoaiyo ia iicaeiaa /ai ca 3 iaaeaee aei iau-
yaeaiiie aeaou i?iaaaeaiey aoeoeeiia. N iiiaioa iioaeeeiaaiey
eioi?iaoeeiiiiai niiauaiey anai th?eaee/aneei e oece/aneei ee-
oeai aeieaeia auoue i?aaeinoaaeaia aiciiaeiinoue iciaeiieaiey n iau-
aeoii i?eaaoecaoeee.
A eioi?iaoeeiiiii niiauaiee oeacuaaaony n?ie i?eaia cayaie
ia o/anoea a aoeoeeiia. Iineaaenoaeai i?iionea oaeiai n?iea yaeyaony
ioeac a i?eaia cayaeaiey. Anee iiaaaeeoaeue aoeoeeiia a oa/aiea 10
aeiae ia iiaeienae i?ioieie i aai ?acoeueoaoao, aio ia aica?auaaony
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aianaiiue caeia, ?acoeueoaou aoeoeeiia aiioee?othony, iauaeo aic-
a?auaaony i?iaeaaoeo. A n?ie in iicaeiaa 30 aeiae n iiiaioa iiaeienaiey
i?ioieiea i ?acoeueoaoao aoeoeeiia i?iaeaaoeii e iieoiaoaeai aeieaeai
auoue iiaeienai aeiaiai? eoiee-i?iaeaaee. A aeiaiai?a a oii /enea
aeieaeiu auoue ii?aaeaeaiu n?iee e oi?ia ieaoaaea. Anee iieoiaoaeue
ia ia?aaaaeao (aianao) onoaiiaeaiioth noiio a yoe n?iee, aeiaiai?
eoiee-i?iaeaaee aiioee?oaony, a noiia caeiaa ia aica?auaaony.
Iu aeaeei oaeei ia?acii, /oi a noa?a i?aia?aciaaiey nianoaai-
iinoe i?aaiecaoeeiiiua n?iee iineaaeiaaoaeueii ii?aaeaeytho ana noi-
?iiu oi?ie?iaaiey i?aaiioiioaiee i?eaaoecaoeee.
3. E i?aaiecaoeeiiiui ioiinyony n?iee caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia.
0au/ii iie caeeth/athony a niioaaonoaee ni no. 58 0niia e no. 160-164
A?aaeaeaineiai eiaeaena eee a niioaaonoaee ni niaoeeaeueii ecaeaiiuie
ii?iaoeaiuie aeoaie. Iineaaenoaeai ianiaethaeaiey onoaiiaeaiiuo
n?ieia ioaaoa ia ioa?oo caeanue aoaeao onoaiiaeaiea aeiaiai?iiai iay-
caoaeuenoaa e ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca aai eniieiaiea.
Ethaie i?aaiecaoeeiiiue n?ie aia caaeneiinoe io niiniaa aai
onoaiiaeaiey, aeeeoaeueiinoe, iineaaenoaee ianiaethaeaiey eiaao nia-
oeeaeueiue oa?aeoa?, iineieueeo aeaenoaoao a noa?a ca?iaeaeaiey oi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca aai ianiaethaeaiea aei-
eaeia a neeo yoiai onoaiaaeeaaoueny niaoeeaeueii, eae ca ianiaethaeaiea
iaycaiiinoe auiieieoue a onoaiiaeaiiue n?ie niioaaonoaothuaa aeae-
noaea.
Caeii ia au?acee iiea e yoiio naiaai ioiioaiey. Yoi aiai?eo
i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?aoaiey aii?inia i n?ieao a iaueo iieiaeaieyo
Oicyenoaaiiiai eiaeaena.
3. N?iee inouanoaeaiey i?aa e eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
1. Aeaiiua n?iee ii?aaeaeytho a?aiy, a oa/aiea eee ii ianooi-
eaiee eioi?iai iiaoo ?aaeeciaaoueny i?aaa e aeieaeiu inouanoa-
eyoueny iaycaiiinoe. A oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao oaeea n?iee
iau/ii onoaiaaeeaathony aeiaiai?ii. Noi?iiu ii?aaeaeytho aeaoie,
ia?eiaeii) a?aoeeii e ae?oaeie i?eaiaie a?aiy, a oa/aiea eioi?iai
aeieaeiu auoue niaa?oaiu eee iiaoo niaa?oaoueny oaeea aeaenoaey,
eae ia?aaea/a aauae, auiieiaiea ?aaio, ieacaiea oneoa) iieaoa ii
aeiaiai?o e o.ae.
N enoa/aieai n?ieia naycuaaaony:
a) onoaiiaeaiea oaeoa iaeniieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoaa, i?in?i/ee,
ianooieaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?in?i/eo e ia/aei oa/aiey n?ieia
eneiaie aeaaiinoe;
a) iiaaoaiea aiciiaeiinoe ?aaeeciaaoue i?aai, anee ec aeiaiai?a
eee nouanoaa iaycaoaeuenoaa ia auoaeaao eiiai (iai?eia?, enoa/aiea
!!240
n?iea iaaeaaoeee eeoaao a?ociioi?aaeoaey aiciiaeiinoe ioi?aaeoue
a?oc ?aeie, ii?ai a aeaiiii aiaeo);
a) ia?aianaiea iaycaiiinoe ?aaeueiiai eniieiaiey ia neaaeothuee
ia?eiae;
a) oo?aoa e?aaa (iai?eia?, a neo/aa i?iionea n?iea ia i?aaeuya-
eaiea i?aoaicee ii o?ainii?oiui iaycaoaeuenoaai);
ae) eiua i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii iineaaenoaey.
2. N?iee inouanoaeaiey i?aa e eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae iiaoo
onoaiaaeeaaoueny caeiiii. Aeey aieueoeinoaa oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai-
/aneeo iaycaoaeuenoa n?iee aianaiey iaeiaiauo ieaoaaeae, i?aaenoaa-
eaiey aooaaeoa?neeo io/aoia, noaoenoe/aneie io/aoiinoe onoaiaa-
eeaathony caeiiii. ___
Cia/eoaaeueii ?aaea onoaiaaeeaathony caeiiii n?iee aeey inouanoa-
eaiey i?aa. A oiiiyioouo a?ainii?oiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao o?ainii?oiua-
onoaau e eiaeaenu onoaiaaeeaatho n?iee i?aaeueyaeaiey i?aoaicee ii
o?aaiaaieyi e o?ainii?oiui i?aaiecaoeeyi, naycuaay i?iione n?iea
n oo?aoie i?aaa ia i?aaeuyaeaiea enea. Caeii
4. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea aeey oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa
aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia, n?ieia aiaeiinoe e neoaeau
1. A oa/aiea aa?aioeeiiai n?iea e?aaeeoi? (iieoiaoaeue, caeac-
/ee) ai?aaa i?aaeuyaeoue aeieaeieeo (iinoaaueeo, iiae?yae/eeo, en-
iieieoaeth) o?aaiaaiey ia ono?aiaiee iaia?oaeaiiuo e caoeene-
?iaaiiuo a i?aaeoniio?aiiii ii?yaeea iaaeinoaoeia a i?iaeoeoeee
(?aaioao, oneoaao), a aeieaeiee iaycai ono?aieoue eo a aannii?iii
ii?yaeea aacaiciacaeii, eeai caiaieoue i?aaeiao aeiaiai?a eiui iaae-
eaaeauaai ea/anoaa, eeai aacaiciacaeii ono?aieoue iaaeinoaoee, eeai
ni?acia?ii oiaiueoeoue iieoiioth oeaio, eeai i?eiyoue oiaa? n ia-
aeinoaoeaie e aica?aoeoue oiea/aiioth noiio, anee ia aeieaaeao, /oi
iaaeinoaoee yaeeenue ?acoeueoaoii ia?ooaiey i?aaee iieueciaaiey
eee o?aiaiey i?aaeiaoa aeiaiai?a e?aaeeoi?ii, aeaenoaey o?aoueeo
eeoe, eeai iai?aiaeieeiie neeu.
I?e iaia?oaeaiee iaaeinoaoeia ca i?aaeaeaie aa?aioeeiiai n?iea
caeioa?aniaaiiay noi?iia oa?yao i?aai o?aaiaaoue ono?aiaiey ia?o-
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oaiee a aannii?iii ii?yaeea, ii iiaeao i?eaaaiooue e caueoa i?aaa
a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea. Onoaiiaeaiea aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia (oiaa?ia,
auiieiyaiuo ?aaio) yaeyaony iaeiei ec n?aaenoa iaania/aiey ea/anoaa
i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa).
I?aaeea i i?eiaiaiee aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia i?aaeoniao?eaathony
caeiiaie, iiaecaeiiiuie ii?iaoeaiuie aeoaie, noaiaea?oaie, oao-
ie/aneeie oneiaeyie, a oaeaea niaeaoaieai noi?ii. Oicyenoaaiiia
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai aeiioneaao aiciiaeiinoue e iiiu?yao onoaiiaeaiea
a aeiaiai?a aieaa i?iaeieaeeoaeueiuo aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia, /ai iie
i?aaeoniio?aiu noaiaea?oaie eee oaoie/aneeie oneiaeyie.
Aa?aioeeiua n?iee oa?aeoa?iu aeey oao oicyenoaaiiuo iayca-
oaeuenoa, eiaaea aeieaeiee iaycai ia?aaeaoue e?aaeeoi?o iaoa?eaeeciaai-
iue i?aaeiao, iai?eia?, ii iinoaaea, iiae?yaeo ia eaieoaeueiia no?i-
eoaeuenoai, eeai eiaaea a ?acoeueoaoa i?eeiaeaiey e i?aaeiaoo aeiaiai?a
oneeee aeieaeieea ii noaiiaeony ea/anoaaiii eo/oa (eaieoaeueiue
?aiiio caeaiee) eee ea/anoai aai ainnoaiaaeeaaaony aei ii?aaeaeaiiuo
i?aaeaeia (?aiiio noaieia, iai?oaeiaaiey).
2. Aa?aioeeiua n?iee onoaiaaeeaathony iau/ii ni aeiy i?iaeaaee
aaue, ia?aaea/e ?aaio. Iie ioiinyony e ii?aaeaeaiiui n?ieai, ca
eneeth/aieai aa?aioeeiiai n?iea, i?eiaiyaiiai a eaino?ieoaeuenoaa
a ioiioaiee nenoaiu oeaio?aeueiiai ioiieaiey, i?e?aaieaaaiiai
iau/ii e aeeeoaeueiinoe iaeiiai ioiieoaeueiiai naciia, i?iaeieaeeoaeue-
iinoue eioi?iai a ?aciuo ?aeiiao iaiaeeiaeiaa. A oa/aiea aa?aioee-
iiai ia?eiaea ecaeaeea aeieaeii ?aaioaoue aacioeacii. Aa?aioeeiue
n?ie aoiaeeo a niaea?aeaiea iaycaiiinoe aeieaeieea (ecaioiaeoaey,
i?iaeaaoea, iiae?yae/eea) ii eniieiaieth naiae iaycaiiinoe, naycaiiie
n ia?aaea/ae iieo/aoaeth (iieoiaoaeth, caeac/eeo) i?iaeoeoeee, oi-
aa?ia, eiuo ?acoeueoaoia o?oaea iaaeeaaeauaai ea/anoaa. Iieo/aoaeue
(iieoiaoaeue, caeac/ee), a naith i/a?aaeue, ai?aaa ?ann/eouaaoue ia
iaaeaaeiinoue e aacioeaciinoue iieo/aiiiai i?aaeiaoa aeiaiai?a aiiaua
e oai aieaa a ?aieao aa?aioeeiiai n?iea.
Aeeeoaeueiinoue aa?aioeeiiai n?iea o/eouaaaony a oeaia ecaeaeey
(?acoeueoaoia ?aaiou iiae?yae/eea). Anee noi?iiu ii naiaio niaea-
oaieth oaeeeiytho aai, iie ai?aaa iaiai?eoue e aeiieaoo. Ionoonoaea
aa?aioeeiiai n?iea eee aai iai?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue niioaaonoaaiii
nieaeaao ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia).
Aeey ?aaeecaoeee i?aa ii aa?aioeyi aaaeii, /oiau onoaiiaeaiea
iaaeinoaoeia e cayaeaiea o?aaiaaiee ia eo ono?aiaiee i?iecioei
a ia?eiae oa/aiey aa?aioeeiiai n?iea.
3. Eiathony iaeioi?ua iniaaiiinoe i?e en/eneaiee aa?aioeeiuo
n?ieia ia i?iaeoeoeeth no?ieoaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa a neo/aa iaia?o-
aeaiey a iae ne?uouo aeaoaeoia.
Caeanue iiaeao eiaoue ianoi ?ac?ua iaaeaeo a?aiaiai iaia?oaeaiey
iaaeinoaoeia e iiiaioii ninoaaeaiey aeoa. Naycaii yoi n oai, /oi
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caeac/ee eee i?aaiecaoeey, yenieoaoe?othuay iauaeo, iaia?oaeea
aeaoaeou, iaycaiu ienueiaiii oaaaeiieoue ia yoii aaia?aeueiiai iiae-
?yae/eea, eioi?ue aeieaeai eiiaiaee?iaaoue naiaai i?aaenoaaeoaey a
n?iee, onoaiiaeaiiua aeiaiai?ii. A?aiy aeey ioi?aaee niiauaiee,
a?aiy iaeeaeaiey i?aaenoaaeoaey iiae?yae/eea a iauae neiaeiinoe iiaoo
ioiaeaeiooue n?ie ninoaaeaiey aeoa i iaaeinoaoeao. I/aaeaeii, /oi i?e
iaia?oaeaiee aeaoaeoia a eiioea aa?aioeeiiai n?iea aeo i ieo iiaeao
auoue ninoaaeai e ca aai i?aaeaeaie. Anee yoi i?iecioei ia ii aeia
caeac/eea, aa?aioeeiue n?ie neaaeoao n/eoaoue niaethaeaiiui.
A eneeth/aiea ec iauaai i?aaeea ia ii?aaeaeaiiinoe aa?aioeeiuo
n?ieia ii nenoaia oeaio?aeueiiai ioiieaiey ii onoaiaaeeaaaony a
iaeei ioiieoaeueiue nacii. I?e naea/a nenoaiu a eiioea ioiieoaeueiiai
naciia a?aiy aa?aioee iiaeao ieacaoueny iai?iaeieaeeoaeueiui. I/a-
aeaeii, neaaeoao o/eouaaoue yoi e aeeth/aoue a aeiaiai? oneiaea ia
onoaiiaeaiee aieaa i?iaeieaeeoaeueiiai a?aiaie aeey cayaeaiey o?a-
aiaaiee i aacaiciacaeiii ono?aiaiee iaaeinoaoeia.
4. Io aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia neaaeoao ioee/aoue n?iee aiaeiinoe oi-
aa?a. Yoe n?iee onoaiaaeeaathony ecaioiaeoaeai e ii?aaeaeytho aic-
iiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey i?iaeaiiiai oiaa?a ii iacia/aieth. I?a-
aiaia cia/aiea oaeeo n?ieia ninoieo a oii, /oi ii enoa/aiee eo
cai?auaaony ?aaeecaoeey niioaaonoaothueo ieuaauo, iaaeeoeeineeo,
oeie/aneeo e ae?oaeo oiaa?ia. Naeaeee eoiee-i?iaeaaee a oaeeo neo-
/ayo aeieaeiu auoue i?eciaiu iaaeaenoaeoaeueiuie (no. 48 AE). Aa-
?aioeeiue n?ie iiaeao auoue iaiueoei eee ?aaiui n?ieo aiaeiinoe
oiaa?a.
5. Iniaia ianoi n?aaee n?ieia caieiatho n?iee neoaeau oiaa?a.
N?ie neoaeau oiaa?a - yoi i?aaeaeueiue io?acie a?aiaie, a oa/aiea
eioi?iai i?iaeaiiay aauue iaycaia auiieiyoue naia iacia/aiea e a
oa/aiea eioi?iai ecaioiaeoaeth (i?iaeaaoeo) iiaeao auoue i?aaeuya-
eaii o?aaiaaiea i aacaiciacaeiii ono?aiaiee iaaeinoaoeia a i?i-
aeaiiie aaue.
Io aa?aioeeiiai n?iea n?ie neoaeau ioee/aaony oai, /oi o?aai-
aaiea ii iiaiaeo iaaeinoaoeia iiaeao auoue cayaeaii oieueei a noaeaaiii
ii?yaeea, a ia a aannii?iii, eae a ia?eiae aeaenoaey aa?aioeeiiai
n?iea. N?ie neoaeau eanaaony oieueei ecaioiaeaiiuo aauae, a oi
a?aiy eae aa?aioeeiua n?iee iiaoo i?aaeoniao?eaaoueny e a ioiioa-
iee auiieiaiiuo ?aaio ii ?aiiioo aaue.
Io n?ieia aiaeiinoe n?ie neoaeau ioee/aaony oai, /oi ia?aua
n?iee onoaiaaeeaathony a ioiioaiee iio?aaeyaiuo aauae e ii?a-
aeaeytho ia?eiae eo aiciiaeiiai iio?aaeaiey. N?iee neoaeau onoaiaa-
eeaathony aeey iaiio?aaeyaiuo aauae. N?ie aiaeiinoe ia naycai n
iaaeinoaoeaie aaue e o?aaiaaieyie ia eo ono?aiaiee. Ii i?aaeia-
cia/ai oieueei aeey oeenaoeee aiciiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey oiaa?a ii
oi?iaeueiui i?eciaeai i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe aai nouanoaiaaiey.
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Caeii a no. 18 onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi
a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea n?ie neoaeau oiaa?a ia onoaiiaeai, o?aaiaaiea
i aacaiciacaeiii ono?aiaiee iaaeinoaoeia oiaa?a iiaeao auoue cayaeaii
a oa/aiea 10 eao, i?e oneiaee, /oi iaaeinoaoee iinyo nouanoaaiiue
oa?aeoa? e aeiiouaiu ii aeia ecaioiaeoaey. I?e yoii iaaeinoaoee
aeieaeiu ono?aiyoueny ii cayaeaiiui o?aaiaaieyi ecaioiaeoaeai –
a oa/aiea 10 aeiae, a i?iaeaaoeii – a oa/aiea 20 aeiae. I?e iaau-
iieiaiee o?aaiaaiee a yoe n?iee o iieoiaoaey iiyaeyaony aiciiae-
iinoue cayaeoue ana o?aaiaaiey, eioi?ua ii ai?aaa cayaeoue a nayce n
aa?aioeyie ea/anoaa (no. 249).
Oaeei ia?acii n?ie neoaeau oiaa?a onoaiaaeeaaaony caeiiii
i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoueth 10 eao aeey neooaoeee, eiaaea aai ia onoaiiaee
nai ecaioiaeoaeue.
6. A neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii, aa?aioeeiua n?iee ii-
aoo oaeeeiyoueny. Oae, ia iniiaaiee no. 19 Caeiia
n?iee i?iaeeaaathony ia a?aiy, a oa/aiea eioi?iai ii ia eniieueciaaeny
ec-ca iaia?oaeaiiuo iaaeinoaoeia.
Aa?aioeeiua n?iee onoaiaaeeaathony i?aaeaea anaai a eioa?anao
oi?aaiii/aiiuo eeoe – iieo/aoaeae i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia), caeac-
/eeia. N ae?oaie noi?iiu, iie iaiaoiaeeiu ecaioiaeoaeyi i?iaeoeoeee
(oiaa?ia), iiae?yae/eeai, oae eae iiioaeaeatho eo niaa?oainoaiaaoue
ea/anoai auioneaaiuo ecaeaeee, i?iaeoeoeee, eniieueciaaoue a i?iec-
aiaenoaa iiaaeoea aeinoeaeaiey iaoee e oaoieee.
5. I?aoaiceiiiua n?iee
1. E i?aoaiceiiiui ioiinyony n?iee, a oa/aiea eioi?uo noau-
aeo, iaia?aiiue caueoeoue naia ia?ooaiiia i?aai, iaycai cayaeoue
i?aoaiceth iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia?ooeoaeth, a iineaaeiee ?anniio?aoue
aa a onoaiiaeaiiue n?ie e ?ac?aoeoue nii? n cayaeoaeai iooai
oaeiaeaoai?aiey eee iioeae?iaaiiiai ioeeiiaiey i?aoaicee.
Ianiaethaeaiea onoaiiaeaiiiai n?iea i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee
aea/ao iaaiciiaeiinoue i?aaeuyaeaiey enea a a?aeo?aaeiue noae ii
aeaeai, aicieeathuei ec o?ainii?oiuo ioiioaiee. Iie iaoiaeyony
ca i?aaeaeaie nii?iiai i?aaiioiioaiey e i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey aei-
a?iaieueiiai ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia e iaeaa/aiey ?ac?aoaiey eo th?en-
aeeeoeeiiiuie i?aaiaie a neo/aa iaaeinoeaeaiey noi?iiaie niaeaoa-
iey. Aa?aioeeiua aea n?iee i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey iiauoaiey ea/anoaa
i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia, ?aaio), aoiaeyo a ninoaa iaoa?eaeueiiai i?aai-
ioiioaiey e neoaeao caueoa i?aa iio?aaeoaey i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia,
?aaio), iineieueeo i?aaeinoaaeytho aiciiaeiinoue i?aaeaea anaai aacaic-
iacaeiiai ono?aiaiey iaaeinoaoeia (eee caiaiu i?aaeiaoa aeiaiai?a).
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A noa?a oicyenoaaiiiai iai?ioa i?aoaiceiiiue ii?yaeie ?anniio-
?aiey nii?ia eiaao iniaia cia/aiea, oae eae iaania/eaaao auno-
?aeoaa ainnoaiiaeaiea ia?ooaiiuo i?aa i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaieca-
oeee, o/?aaeaeaiee. I?aaeuyaeyy i?aoaicee iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia?ooe-
oaeth, i?aaiecaoeee, /uee i?aaa e caeiiiua eioa?anu ia?ooaiu,
ca/anooth a ei?ioeea n?iee ainiieiytho iioa?e a naiai oicyenoaa.
?anniio?aiea o?aaiaaiee a i?aaeaeao iai?iaeieaeeoaeueiuo i?aoai-
ceiiiuo n?ieia niinianoaoao oaeaea auyaeaieth i?e/ei oo?aou,
iaaeinoa/e, ii?/e a?oca, iinoaaee iaaeia?iea/anoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee
(oiaa?ia), i?in?i/ee eniieiaiey aeiaiai?iuo iaycaoaeuenoa. I?aae-
i?eyoey, iauaaeeiaiey, i?aaiecaoeee, ?anniao?eaay cayaeaiiua i?a-
oaicee, i?iaa?ytho ia oieueei eo caeiiiinoue e iainiiaaiiinoue (ia-
ee/ea iaiaoiaeeiuo aeieoiaioia, i?aaeeueiinoue ?an/aoa acuneeaaaiie
noiiu e o.ae.), ii a iaiaoiaeeiuo neo/ayo i?iecaiaeyo yenia?oeco,
auaa?eo ?an/aoia e ae?oaea aeaenoaey, iaania/eaathuea o?aaoee?i-
aaiea nii?a a aeia?iaieueiii ii?yaeea. Ana yoi oaeaea iaeaa/aao iin-
eaaeothuaa ?anniio?aiea nii?ia a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea.
3. I?eciaiiay i?aoaicey ii iaycaoaeuenoaai aeaiaaeiiai oa?aeoa?a
eiaao cia/aiea eniieieoaeueiiai aeieoiaioa. Anee a ioaaoa i i?e-
ciaiee i?aoaicee ia niiauaaony i ia?a/eneaiee i?eciaiiie noiiu
e e ioaaoo ia i?eeaaaaony ii?o/aiey aaieo n ioiaoeie ia eniieiaiee
(i?eiyoee e eniieiaieth), cayaeoaeue i?aoaicee ai?aaa ii enoa/aiee
20 aeiae iinea iieo/aiey ioaaoa i?aaeuyaeoue a aaie eieanniaia
ii?o/aiea ia nienaiea a aannii?iii ii?yaeea i?eciaiiie aeieaeieeii
noiiu n ia/eneaieai a neo/ayo, onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii,
iaie ca i?in?i/eo ieaoaaea. E ii?o/aieth i?eeaaaaony ioaao aeieae-
ieea (*1).
6. N?iee eneiaie aeaaiinoe
1. N?ie aeey caueou ia?ooaiiiai i?aaa noauaeoa iooai ia?a-
uaiey n eneii a noae eee a?aeo?aae yaeyaony n?ieii eneiaie
aeaaiinoe (ni. no. 42 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa).
Iauee n?ie eneiaie aeaaiinoe onoaiiaeai aeeeoaeueiinoueth a o?e
aiaea. Aeey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia ioiioaiee onoaiaaeeaathony nie?auaiiua
n?iee, eioi?ua, eae i?aaeei, iaiiiai ei?i/a iaueo. A ia?aoth
i/a?aaeue e iei ioiinyony oa, /oi iacaaiu a no. 79 AE: ii eneai i
acuneaiee iaonoieee (oo?aoa, iaie), i iaaeinoaoeao i?iaeaiiuo
aauae, ii o?aaiaaieyi, auoaeathuei ec iinoaaee i?iaeoeoeee ia-
iaaeeaaeauaai ea/anoaa eee iaeiiieaeoiie i?iaeoeoeee (acuneaiea
iaonoieee, oo?aoa, iaie, oauoeia, aica?aoa oiea/aiiuo noii e
(**1) I. 6 Iieiaeaiey i i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia.
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o.ae.). O?ainii?oiua onoaau e eiaeaenu onoaiaaeeaatho nie?auaiiua
n?iee ?acee/iie aeeeoaeueiinoe ii o?aaiaaieyi, aicieeathuei ec
ia?aaicee a?ocia, iannaaee?ia e aaaaaea, a /anoue 2 no. 305 EOI –
aeaooaiaee/iue n?ie aeey eneia, naycaiiuo n eniieiaieai aeiaiai?a
ii?neiai no?aoiaaiey.
Aeey eneia ia ia?aoiii acuneaiee oiea/aiiuo noii oo?aoia,
iaie e iaonoiae nie?auaiiue n?ie ia onoaiiaeai, iiyoiio neaaeoao
enoiaeeoue ec oiai, /oi e oaeei o?aaiaaieyi i?eiaiyaony iauee n?ie
eneiaie aeaaiinoe (*1).
2. Iniaaiiinoueth einoeoooa eneiaie aeaaiinoe yaeyaony aai ei-
ia?aoeaiinoue, /oi icia/aao a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue iaaiciiaeiinoue oaeee-
iaiey, nie?auaiey, a oaeaea onoaiiaeaiey ii niaeaoaieth noi?ii.
Iaeiaei i?eiaiaiea noaeii n?ieia eneiaie aeaaiinoe inouanoaeyaony
iuia oieueei ii cayaeaieth noi?iiu a nii?a (no. 43 Iniia a?aaeaeai-
neiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa). Ia oa/aiea eneiaie aeaaiinoe ia ieacuaaao
aicaeaenoaea i?aaii?aainoai, eaeei au ie auei iniiaaiea aai aic-
ieeiiaaiey: onooiea o?aaiaaiey, ia?aaiae aeieaa eee ?ai?aaiecaoeee
th?eaee/aneiai eeoea. Ia eiaao cia/aiey oaeaea oio oaeo, eoi i?aae-
uyaeyao o?aaiaaiea io eiaie enooea: i?ieo?i?, ainoaea?noaaiiay,
eiiia?aoeaiay eee iauanoaaiiay i?aaiecaoeey.
3. Aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia, naycaiiuo n ia?ooaieai
oicyenoaaiiuo i?aa, iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeaea anaai ii?aaeaeeoue, eaeia
i?aai ia?ooaii, eaeea o?aaiaaiey iii ii?iaeeei e eaeia oaeoe/anee
cayaeaii o?aaiaaiea. Yoi naycaii in oieueei n ?acee/iie aeeeoaeueiinoueth
aeaaiinoiuo n?ieia, ii e n ii?aaeaeaieai ia/aea oa/aiey n?iea. A
eiia/iii n/aoa ?aoaaony aii?in: enoae n?ie eee ene cayaeai a i?aaeaeao
aeaaiinoe. Iaeniieiaiea, iai?eia?, aeiaiai?a iinoaaee iiaeao aea/ue
ca niaie aicieeiiaaiea ianeieueeeo o?aaiaaiee: ia acuneaiea iaon-
oieee (oo?aoa, iaie), oauoeia, ia?aoiiai acuneaiey eceeoia oi-
ea/aiiuo noii, aeey eioi?uo onoaiiaeaiu ?acee/iua ii aeeeoaeueiinoe
n?iee aeaaiinoe. Aeaeaa neaaeoao oi/ii ii?aaeaeeoue ia/aeueiue iiiaio
n?iea eneiaie aeaaiinoe. Ii ii?aaeaeyaony ii i?aaeeai no. 42 i. 3
Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie ia/aei
oa/aiey noaaeony a caaeneiinoue io aeaoo oneiaee: 1) iaee/ey ia?o-
oaiiiai oicyenoaaiiiai noauaeoeaiiai i?aaa; 2) iaee/ey noauaeoa,
/ueai?aaiia?ooaii,naaaeaieeioaeoaia?ooaiey (eee i?aaeiieiaeaiey
i oii, /oi ii ?aniieaaaao eee aeieaeai ?aniieaaaoue eie).
E?aaeeoi? n?i/iiai oicyenoaaiiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa i ia?ooaiee
naiaai i?aaa ociaao iinea enoa/aiey n?iea eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoe
(**1) Eino?oeoeaiua oeacaiey Aina?aeo?aaea NNN? io 15 aeaeaa?y 1963a. ? E-1-54 . Ni.: Nenoaiaoece?iaaiiue nai?iee eino?oeoeaiuo oeacaiee Ai
noaea?noaaiiiai a?aeo?aaea i?e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN?. I., 1983, n. 66.
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aeieaeieeii, oi anoue iiiaio ia?ooaiey e aicieeiiaaiey i?aaa ia
ene a iaoa?eaeueiii niunea niaiaaeatho. Anee aea noi?iiu iaoiaeyony
a ?aciuo ioieoao, eioi?iaoeey i ia?ooaiee i?aaa iinooiaao iic-
aeiaa, iiyoiio e i?aai ia ene iiaeao aicieeiooue in a iiiaio ia?o-
oaiey, a eiaaea eeoei ociaei a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe eee aeieaeii auei
ociaoue i ia?ooaiee i?aaa. Enoaoe iaycai oeacaoue iiiaio, a eioi?ue
aio noaei ecaanoii ia yoii. Iai?eia?, aeiai eniieiaiey iaycaoaeue-
noaa ii iinoaaea eiiai?iaeiaio iieo/aoaeth n/eoaaony aeaiue naea/e
i?iaeoeoeee (oiaa?ia) o?ainii?oiie i?aaiecaoeee, ii ia ioa?ocea
iaaeia?iea/anoaaiiuo ecaeaeee iieo/aoaeue ociaao eeoue a i?ioeanna
i?eaiee eee eniieueciaaiey i?iaeoeoeee.
4. Ia ia/aei oa/aiey eneiaie aeaaiinoe ieacuaatho aeeyiea aa-
?aioeeiua n?iee, onoaiiaeaiiua a ioiioaiee i?iaeoeoeee i?iec-
aiaenoaaiii-oaoie/aneiai iacia/aiey (oiaa?ia), i?iaeoeoeee no?ie-
oaeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, ?acoeueoaoia ?aaiou iiae?yae/eea, a oaeaea
n?iee ?anniio?aiey i?aoaicee o?ainii?oiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie. Oae,
ia/aei oa/aiey aeaaiinoiiai n?iea ia i?iaeoeoeeth (oiaa?u), iinoaa-
eaiioth n iaaeinoaoeaie, naycaii n aeaoie ninoaaeaiey aeoa i iaee/ee
aeaoaeoia a i?aaeaeao aa?aioeeiiai n?iea. Anee aeo ii eaeei-eeai
i?e/eiai ninoaaeai ianaiaa?aiaiii, eneiaay aeaaiinoue oa/ao ni aeiy,
eiaaea ii aeieaeai aue auoue ninoaaeai, o. a. ni aeiy enoa/aiey aa?ai-
oeeiiai n?iea (ni. i. 9 Eino?oeoeee i ii?yaeea i?eaiee i?iaeoeoeee
i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oaoie/aneiai iacia/aiey e oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio-
?aaeaiey ii ea/anoao) (*1).
I?e ?aaeecaoeee i?aoaiceiiiiai ii?yaeea a o?ainii?oiuo ioii-
oaieyo e ioiioaieyo nayce ia/aei oa/aiey aeaaiinoiuo n?ieia
oaycuaaaony iau/ii n aeiai iieo/aiey ioaaoa ia i?aoaiceth eee
enoa/aiey n?iea, onoaiiaeaiiiai aeey i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee e
iieo/aiey ioaaoa ia iaa.
5. E oicyenoaaiiui iaycaoaeuenoaai, i?aaeoniao?eaathuei /ano-
iua n?iee eniieiaiey, eneiaay aeaaiinoue i?eiaiyaony i?e ia?ooaiee
iaycaoaeuenoaa a eaaeaeii oaeii ia?eiaea. Ia/aei oa/aiey eneiaie
aeaaiinoe ii?aaeaeyaony ii iauaio i?aaeeo. Ii iaycaoaeuenoaai, n?ie
eniieiaiey eioi?uo ia ii?aaeaeai, oa/aiea eneiaie aeaaiinoe ia/e-
iaaony n iiiaioa i?aaeuyaeaiey o?aaiaaiey ia eniieiaiee iayca-
oaeuenoaa (no. 42 i. 3 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa).
Ia/aei oa/aiey aeaaiinoe ii o?aaiaaieyi i acuneaiee iinoiyiii
oaeoueo naieoeee ii?aaeaeyaony ii eaaeaeiio aeith a ioaeaeueiinoe, oi
anoue aaeaaeiaaii. Eneiaua o?aaiaaiey i?aaeuyaeythony ia acuneaiea
naieoeee a i?aaeaeao ia?eiaeia, ii eioi?ui eneiaay aeaaiinoue ia enoaeea.
6. Eneiaia o?aaiaaiea i caueoa ia?ooaiiiai i?aaa i?eieiaaony
niioaaonoaothuei th?enaeeeoeeiiiui i?aaiii aia caaeneiinoe io en-
(*1) AHA, 1975. ? 2.
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oa/aiey eneiaie aeaaiinoe. I?e oaaaeeoaeueiinoe i?e/eiu i?iionea
n?iea eneiaie aeaaiinoe ia?ooaiiia i?aai iiaeeaaeeo caueoa. Caeii
ia aeaao ia?a/iy i?e/ei, ioiinyueony e oaaaeeoaeueiui e ia iacuaaao
eo i?eciaeia. Noaeaaii-a?aeo?aaeiay i?aeoeea e oaeei ianoiyoaeue-
noaai aeey oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee ioiineea eiiaaea ?ai?aaieca-
oeeth th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, iicaeiaa auaeaeaiea enooea a naiinoiyoaeueiia
th?eaee/aneia eeoei e iaeioi?ua ae?oaea i?e/eiu.
7. Enoa/aiea aeaaiinoiiai n?iea icia/aao iaaiciiaeiinoue i?eio-
aeeoaeueiiai inouanoaeaiey ia?ooaiiiai i?aaa, anee ae?oaay noi?iia
ianoaeaaao ia i?eiaiaiee n?ieia aeaaiinoe.
A niioaaonoaee ni no. 91 AE enoa/aiea n?iea aeaaiinoe ii aeaaiiio
iaycaoaeuenoao i?ae?auaao oa/aiea aeaaiinoiiai n?iea e ii aeiiie-
ieoaeueiui o?aaiaaieyi: acuneaiea iaonoieee (oo?aoa, iaie), ia-
?auaiea acuneaiey ia caeiaeaiiia eiouanoai, i?eaea/aiea e io-
aaonoaaiiinoe aa?aioa. Aeiiieieoaeueiue oa?aeoa? yoeo o?aaiaaiee
ninoieo a oii, /oi iie iaania/eaatho eniieiaiea oieueei aeaenoae-
oaeueiiai aeaaiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa, i?ae?auaiea eioi?iai iooai ca-
/aoa, niaeaoaiey, iiaaoeee, iaaiciiaeiinoe eniieiaiey e ae?. aaaeao
e i?ae?auaieth e aeiiieieoaeueiiai. Iii, eae i?aaeei, neaaeoao noaeueaa
aeaaiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa.
I ae?oaeo aii?inao yoie oaiu (i?einoaiiaeaiee, ia?a?uaa n?ieia
eneiaie aeaaiinoe) nooaeaioai ecaanoii ec eo?na a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Aeaeoa iiiyoea n?iee a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo, i?iaa-
aeeoa eo eeanneoeeaoeeth ii niiniao onoaiiaeaiey, en/eneaiey e
i?aaiaiai cia/aiey.
2. *oi oaeia i?aaiecaoeieiiiua n?iee? Eaeiai eo cia/aiea?
3. Eaeiai i?aaiaia cia/aiea n?ieia inouanoaeaiey i?aa e en-
iieiaiey iaycaiiinoae?
4. *oi oaeia aa?aioeeiue n?ie? N?ie aiaeiinoe e n?ie neoaeau
? A /ai ninoieo eo i?aaiaia cia/aiea?
5. *oi oaeia i?aoaiceiiiue n?ie?
6. Eaeea iniaaiiinoe eiaao i?eiaiaiea n?ieia eneiaie aeaa-
iinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo?
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Oaia X. Naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoue
a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
1. Iiiyoea naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoe
a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
1. Ii?iu i?aaa aeieaeiu auoue niaaaeaiu eino?oiaioii, iiioae-
aeathuei noauaeoia aeaenoaiaaoue a niioaaonoaee n caeiiii, a a neo/ayo
ioeeiiaiey io i?aaeienaiiiai – iiaeaa?aaoue o/anoieeia i?aaiioii-
oaiee aicaeaenoaeth ii?aaeaeaiiuo naieoeee. Yoi aicaeaenoaea iiaeao
eiaoue ?acee/iue oa?aeoa?. O eaaeaeie io?anee i?aaa eiaaony naie
iaai? ia?, iai?eia?, i?eiaiyaiuo e ia?ooeoaeyi oaieiaiuo ca-
i?aoia, i?aaee i caeeth/aiee e eniieiaiee naeaeie, iaieaoaeueueeai
iaeiaia e eiui. Anoue oaeie iaai? ia? e a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa.
Ana iie iiaoo auoue ?acaeaeaiu ia aeaa’ a?oiiu: a) naieoeee – eae
ethaua iineaaenoaey ia?ooaiey ii?i; a) ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe, nay-
caiiua n eiouanoaaiiui iaeacaieai ia?ooeoaey.
Eiouanoaaiiue oa?aeoa? ioiioaiee a oicyenoaaiiie noa?a a
i?eioeeia i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi ca ia?ooaiea onoaiiaeaiiie iaycaiiinoe
aoaeoo i?eiaiaiu eiouanoaaiiua ia?u aicaeaenoaey. Ii yoe ia?u
(naieoeee) iaiaeeiaeiau ii naiaio cia/aieth. A iaeiii neo/aa iaeni-
?aaiue ieaoaeueuee, aoaeo/e ia?aaaaeai ia aee?aaeeoeaioth oi?io ?an-
/aoia, auioaeaeai ca?aiaa ioaeaeaoue aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a aaie iin-
oaaueea. Yoi aicaeaenoaoao ia ieaoaeueueea, i?aaeinoaaeyy aianoa n
oai iinoaaueeo aa?aioee aeey aoaeoueo ?an/aoia. A ae?oaii neo/aa
iaeni?aaiue aeieaeiee iaeacuaaaony acuneaieai iaonoieee e ianao
eiouanoaaiiua iioa?e. A iaeiii neo/aa i?aaei?eyoea, nenoaiaoe/anee
ia?ooathuaa ieaoaaeioth aeenoeeieeio, iiaeao auoue iauyaeaii aaieaie
iaieaoaaeaniiniaiui e a nayce n yoei aio iiaoo auoue i?ae?auaiu
iinoaaee i?iaeoeoeee, auiieiaiea ?aaio e ieacaiea oneoa. A ae?oaii –
iaiainiiaaiii iieo/aiiay i?aaei?eyoeai i?eaueue a ?acoeueoaoa ca-
auoaiey oeai. ianiaethaeaiey noaiaea?oia aoaeao ecuyoa a athaeaeao. Ana
yoe eiouanoaaiiua ia?u ioiinyony eeai e a?oiia , eeai e a?oiia
. Oa ia?u, aaa eiouanoaaiiia aicaeaenoaea ieacaeinue ia naycaiiui
n aacyeaeaaeaioiui eeoaieai eiouanoaa, aeieaeiu auoue ioianaiu
i?inoi e naieoeeyi, eae iineaaenoaeyi ianiaethaeaiey ii?i i?aaa. Oa
aea, aaea aicaeaenoaea nii?yaeaii n eeoaieai eiouanoaa, aeieaeiu auoue
ioianaiu e naieoeeyi – ia?ai ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
2. Ii/aio iaiaoiaeeii ?acee/aoue yoe aieueoea a?oiiu naieoeee?
Aeaei a oii, /oi a ia?aii neo/aa aeey i?eiaiaiey naieoeee aeinoaoi/ii
oaeoa i?aaiia?ooaiey. I?e yoii ia o?aaoaony niaoeeoe/aneeo in-
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iiaaiee, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeiu, eiaaea ?a/ue caoiaeeo i neo/ayo eio-
uanoaaiiiai iaeacaiey.
N?aaee aieueoiai aniaeoa aicc?aiee ia eiouanoaaiioth ioaaonoaai-
iinoue iu iiaeaea?aeeaaai acaeyae ia iaa, oaaaeeoaeueii ?ac?aaioaiiue a
o?oaeao I.N. Iaeaeia (*1), e iieaaaai, /oi ii iaeaieaa ieiaeioai?ai a
oai?aoe/aneii e i?aeoe/aneii ioiioaieyo, oae eae iicaieyao oi/ii
noaeeoue i nouiinoe aicaeaenoaey e ia i?eienuaaoue iau/iui naieoeeyi
cia/aiey ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe. O ioaaonoaaiiinoe e i?inoi naieoeee
?acee/iua nioeeaeueiua ooieoeee. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue icia/aao eiouan-
oaaiiia iaeacaiea aeey iaeiie noi?iiu – ia?ooeoaey. Iia auiieiyao
ooieoeeth eiiiainaoeeiiioth – aeey ae?oaie noi?iiu (eiaaea oa iiiyea
oauoee). Oai naiui iia ea?aao i?aaeoi?ayeoneueii-ainieoaoaeueioth
?ieue aeey ia?ooeoaey e n?aaenoaa caueou i?aaa – aeey iioa?iaaoaai.
Naieoeee, ia yaeythueany ia?aie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, ia eeoatho a
ea/anoaa iaeacaiey aeiiaiiai ia?ooeoaey aai eiouanoaa. Iie eeoue
aicaeaenoaotho ia iaai aeey io?aiu i?aaiii?yaeea e ia?aaeaeaiey i?aaa
io ia?ooaiey. Aio ii/aio iie i?eiaiythony iaiin?aaenoaaiii ii
iaeiiio oaeoo ia?ooaiey ii?iu i?aaa, a oi a?aiy eae aeey i?eia-
iaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaiaoiaeei ninoaa oaeeo oaeoia.
3. Eoae. ioaaonoaaiiinoueth a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo nea-
aeoao n/eoaoue naieoeeth, ninoiyuoth a eeoaiee noauaeoa, ia?ooea-
oaai caeii, i?aaa e eioa?anu ae?oaeo noauaeoia, eiouanoaa aac
eaeie-eeai eiiiainaoeee, i?eiaiyaioth a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea
ia iniiaa inoaeaeaiey iiaaaeaiey ia?ooeoaey eae ia i?aaenoaaeaoaai
/?acau/aeiuo iniiaaiee, ii?aaaeuaathueo oaeia iiaaaeaiea.
A oeacaiiii ii?aaeaeaiee aeaaony iiiyoea eiouanoaaiiie ioiioa-
iee. Oneiaey i?eiaiaiey aa a ioaeaeueiuo i?aaiioiioaieyo iiaoo
ioee/aoueny. Iai?eia?, eeoaiea eiouanoaa iiaeao i?ienoiaeeoue a
iieueco ae?oaie noi?iiu iaycaoaeuenoaaiiiai i?aaiioiioaiey, eeai
acuneeaaaiua noiiu iiaoo ia?auaoueny a aeioiae ainoaea?noaa. Acun-
eaiea iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoueny ii ?aoaieth a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea eeai
eiiai eiiiaoaioiiai i?aaia, oieaoa iiaeao auoue inouanoaeaia e
iaiin?aaenoaaiii naiei ia?ooeoaeai.
Iaeiaei ai anao neo/ayo ianooieaiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe au?aaeaaony
a eiouanoaaiiii iaeacaiee ia iniiaa inoaeaeaiey iiaaaeaiey noau-
aeoa – ia?ooeoaey.
4. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo aeecei nii?eea-
naaony n ia?aie iiiu?aiey, oae eae noeioee?iaaiea oi?ioae ?aaiou
oaeeie ia?aie icia/aao iaeiia?aiaiii, /oi i?e ieioie ?aaioa ianooiaao
aeanoeioee?iaaiea, ioeac io iaia/aiiuo iiiu?eoaeueiuo ia?. A ii?iao
(**1) Ni.: I.N. Iaeaei. Eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
I., 1968, n. 3-48.
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oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, aeaenoaiaaaoeo a 70-80-a aiaeu, iie-
o/eea oe?ieia ?ani?ino?aiaiea oae iacuaaaiay yeiiiie/aneay ioaao-
noaaiiinoue iniiaiuo caaiueaa (eiiaaea aa iacuaatho ioeaii/iie), ninoi-
yaoay a oii, /oi i?aaei?eyoea, ia auiieieaoaa onoaiiaeaiiuo caaeaiee
e iaycaoaeuenoa, oa?yei i?aai ia/eneeoue onoaiiaeaiiua a ieaiiaii
ii?yaeea ?acia?u naieo iiiu?eoaeueiuo oiiaeia, a aeieaeii auei nieceoue
eo ?acia? e?aoii iaauiieiaieth. A nayce n eciaiaieyie, naycaiiuie
n iiaui ?uii/iui iaoaieciii oicyenoaiaaiey, ioeaii/iay ioaaono-
aaiiinoue aeey i?aaei?eyoee a aa i?aaeiai aeaea oo?aoeea naia cia/aiea
e ia i?eiaiyaony aieaa, iineieueeo oo?aoeee neeo ieaiiaua caaeaiey e
ioeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe ii noaiaie eo auiieiaiey.
Eino?oiaio ioeaii/iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe nio?aiee naia cia/aiea,
a /anoiinoe, aeey noeioee?iaaiey (aeanoeioee?iaaiey) iiae?acaeaea-
iee i?aaei?eyoee e iauaaeeiaiee. Oeacaiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey ai aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo noeioee?othony e ianoo ioaaonoaai-
iinoue ia iniiaa ioeaiee eo aeayoaeueiinoe e auaeaeaiey ei (niia?acii
i?eiaiyaiui oi?iai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa) iaoneiaeai-
iuo ca?aiaa n?aaenoa aeey iieaou e iiiu?aiey o?oaea, nei??aeoe?i-
aaiiuo ia iauai iaauiieiaiey. Oaeei ia?acii a neo/ayo ia?aau-
iieiaiey caaeaiee i?eiaiythony ia?u noeioee?iaaiey, a i?e iaau-
iieiaiee – aeanoeioee?iaaiey, oi anoue ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Yoo oanioth
naycue noeioee?iaaiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ioia/aao A.A. Eaioaa, n/e-
oay, /oi aiiaua ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia caieiaao naiinoiyoaeueiiai ianoa
a nenoaia eino?oiaioia oicyenoaiaaiey, a ia?ac?uaii naycaia ni
noeioee?iaaieai (*1).
Iaoaieci yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaaonoaaiiinoe auaeaeyaony
oai, /oi iia ia iai?aaeaia a iieueco ae?oaie noi?iiu i?aaiioiioaiey
e ia auiieiyao eiiiainaoeeiiiie ooieoeee. Yoi ioaaonoaaiiinoue eae
au ia?aae naiei niaie, ca naie aeaenoaey. Iiaeii ee a nayce n yoei
noaaeoue aa a iaeei ?yae ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe? Ia neaaeoao ee n/eoaoue aa
iaeiie ec ?aciiaeaeiinoae naieoeee, ia naycaiiuo n ioaaonoaaiiinoueth?
Aeoiaaony, /oi aeey ioianaiey yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaao-
noaaiiinoe a iaeio a?oiio n ioaaonoaaiiinoueth ia?aae ae?oaeie noau-
aeoaie i?aaa anoue ?yae iniiaaiee. Ai-ia?auo, iia icia/aao aeey
ia?ooeoaey eeoaiea aai eiouanoaa, eioi?ia ii iieo/ee au (ia-
/eneee a ea/anoaa iiiu?eoaeueiuo oiiaeia), anee au ia aeiionoee
ia?ooaiey caeiia. Ai-aoi?uo, aeey i?eiaiaiey yoie naieoeee iaia-
oiaeei ninoaa th?eaee/aneeo oaeoia, a oii /enea aeia ia?ooeoaey,
iineieueeo aeaaea i?e naiae ioiineoaeueiie ia?acaeoinoe iaoaieci
eiouanoaaiiie ioeaii/iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe o?aaoao o/aoa ioiioaiey
ia?ooeoaey e naiaio i?ioeaii?aaiiio iiaaaeaieth. A caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaa a naia a?aiy i?aaeoniao?eaaeenue aeaaea aa?aioee auieaou noii
(**1) A.A.Eaioaa. Yeiiiieea e i?aai. I., 1981, n. 189.
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oi?ioi ?aaioathuei iiae?acaeaeaieyi i?aaei?eyoee, eioi?ua a oeaeii
ia ni?aaeeenue n caaeaieyie e iaycaoaeuenoaaie (*1).
Iaoaieci yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaaonoaaiiinoe iieo/ee
?acaeoea a ia?eiae, eiaaea eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae
eiio?aaaioii auea nouanoaaiii oi?iaeeciaaia ec-ca oiai, /oi ia
i?eiaiyeanue ai iiiaeo neooaoeeyo noi?iiaie ae?oa e ae?oao (ionoonoaea
eioa?ana e iieo/aieth naieoeee, aiienoe?iaaiea ec-ca iaaeaeaiey
ii?oeoue ioiioaiey), ec-ca ianiaa?oainoaa iaoaiecia ?aaeecaoeee
(iai?aaeaiea iieo/aiiuo noii a athaeaeao). A ianoiyuaa a?aiy
ioeaii/iay ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?eiaiyaony oieueei a noa?a, aioo?eoi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. Ai anao ae?oaeo noa?ao i?eiaiyaony ioaao-
noaaiiinoue ia?aae eiio?aaaioii e ia?aae ainoaea?noaii ca ia?ooaiea
i?aaee aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
2. Aeaeu naieoeee
1. Naieoeee, i?eiaiyaiua e ia?ooeoaeyi oicyenoaaiiiai caei-
iiaeaoaeuenoaa, ?anniao?eaathony iau/ii eae ia?u iia?aoeaiiai aic-
aeaenoaey ia ia?ooeoaey. Yoi icia/aao, /oi eo i?eiaiaiea:
a) aini?aiyonoaoao aeaeueiaeoei ia?ooaieyi e caueoeo caeioa-
?aniaaiioth noi?iio, ainoaea?noai e iauanoai io yoiai ia?ooaiey;
a) iiioaeeo ia?ooeoaey i?ae?aoeoue ia?ooaiea e i?aaeoi?aaeeo
i?e/eiaiea oauoeia ae?oaei noauaeoai.
A neeo yoiai oaeea naieoeee i?eiyoi iacuaaoue iia?aoeaii-oicye-
noaaiiuie (*2). Eo iia?aoeaiinoue caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi iie aaiaeyony a
aeaenoaea naieie caeioa?aniaaiiuie noauaeoaie eeai ainoaea?noaaiiu-
ie i?aaiaie, eiio?iee?othueie niaethaeaiea caeiiiinoe a niioaaono-
aothuae noa?a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, oi anoue ii iauaio i?aaeeo
aac ia?auaiey a a?aeo?aaeiue noae, ae?oaea i?aaiio?aieoaeueiua i?aaiu.
Aeeceei ii iacaaieth e niuneo yaeyaony e eaaeeoeeaoeey oaeeo
naieoeee, eae ia? iia?aoeaiiai aicaeaenoaey (*3). Iaaei oai ia iaiaa
ioiaoeoue, /oi e iiiyoea naieoeee e oai aieaa ioaaonoaaiiinoe a
iaoea ia yaeyaony aaeeiui.
Niioaaonoaaiii iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiua naieoeee iiaeii iiae?ac-
aeaeeoue ia: a) i?eiaiyaiua noi?iiie a aeaiiii i?aaiioiioaiee, ca-
ueuathuae naie i?aaa e eioa?anu; a) i?eiaiyaiua Aaieii ?innee e
ae?oaeie aaieaie, i?aaiaie Ainnoaiaea?oa ?O, Aineiioeai ?O e ae?oaeie
i?aaiaie, oiieiiii/aiiuie aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia ia?ooeoaeae a oeaeyo
i?ana/aiey ia?ooaiee e aicaeaenoaey ia ieo io eiaie ainoaea?noaa.
(**1) Ni.: NI. 1971. ? 13. no. 91. I.8.
(**2) Ni.: Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. Iauea iieiaeaiey. I., 1983, n. 230.
(**3) Ni.: Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. I., 1977. n. 467-468.
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2. Naieoeee, i?eiaiyaiua noi?iiaie iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo i?aai-
ioiioaiee, i?aaeoniao?eaathony caeiiii e aeiaiai?ii. Iaai? oaeeo
ia? aeinoaoi/ii oe?iei i?aaeoniio?ai e a caeiia e a caeeth/aaiuo
noi?iiaie aeiaiai?ao. Iai?eia?, a aeiaiai?ao iiae?yaea ia eaieoaeueiia
no?ieoaeuenoai, a aeiaiai?ao iinoaaee cae?aieythony oaeea n?aaenoaa
aicaeaenoaey, eae i?einoaiiaeaiea caeac/eeii ?aaio e iaiieaoa eo
a neo/aa ioeeiiaiey iiae?yae/eea io i?iaeoii-niaoiie aeieoiaioaoeee,
eae ioeac io iieaou i?iaeoeoeee iinoaaueea, ia niioaaonoaothuae
oneiaeyi aeiaiai?a, ia?aaiae iaeni?aaiiai ieaoaeueueea ia aee?aaee-
oeaioth oi?io ?an/aoia e ae?. A o?ainii?oiuo ioiioaieyo onoaaaie
e eiaeaenaie oaeaea i?aaeoniio?aia aiciiaeiinoue i?eiaiaiey oaeeo
ia?. Iai?eia?, ii?neie ia?aaic/ee ai?aaa i?iaeaoue iaaino?aaiaai-
iue a?oc i?e iaiieaoa ioi?aaeoaeai anao i?e/eoathueony ii aeaiiie
ia?aaicea noii (*1). A aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie ia?aaicea a?ociiieo/aoaeue
ai?aaa ioeacaoueny io i?eiyoey a?oca, anee ea/anoai aai aneaaenoaea
iia?aaeaeaiey eee ii?/e eciaieeinue ianoieueei, /oi eneeth/aaony
aiciiaeiinoue iieiiai eee /anoe/iiai eniieueciaaiey a?oca (*2).
A aeiaiai?ao iiaoo i?aaeoniao?eaaoueny oaeea naieoeee, eae ioeac
iaeiie noi?iiu io niaa?oaiey aeaenoaee a iieueco eiio?aaaioa i?e
ia?ooaiee ei iaycaoaeuenoa. Iai?eia?, i?e iai?aaeinoaaeaiee ai-
a?aiy nu?uey ecaioiaeoaeth ii iiaeao ioeacaoueny io ecaioiaeaiey
i?iaeoeoeee, ia?aianoe ecaioiaeaiea e iinoaaeo ia aieaa iicaeiea
n?iee e ae?. Iau/ii a aeiaiai?ao iaoneiaeeaathony ioeac io i?eaiee
iaaeia?iea/anoaaiii auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, ioeac io eo iieaou e i?e-
aiee. Yoe naieoeee i?eiaiythony e ai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioii-
oaieyo. Caeanue iie iiaoo aaiaeeoueny a aeaenoaea ia oieueei aeiaiai?aie,
ii e iieiaeaieyie i aioo?eoicyenoaaiiii ?an/aoa.
Iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiua naieoeee a oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneeo
iaycaoaeuenoaao ?aaeecothony ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie naiae aeanoueth.
A nayce n iaauiieiaieai i?aaei?eyoeai iaycaoaeuenoa aio iiaoo auoue
aeaiu oeacaiey i ii?yaeea e niiniaao ainiieiaiey, in naeaeaiiuo a aae?an
ainoaea?noaa iaeiaiauo ia?a/eneaiee, iiaoo auoue i?eiaiaiu ia?u i?e-
ioaeeoaeueiiai acuneaiey ia ia?a/eneaiiuo aia?aiy n?aaenoa (*3).
A oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao iaoaieci i?e-
iaiaiey naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiea ia ?acaeo e ia iieo/ee
/aoeiai i?aaiaiai au?aaeaiey. I?e iaee/ee o noi?ii acaeiiuo i?aa
e iaycaiiinoae eiae/ii i?aaeiieiaeeoue aiciiaeiinoue i?eiaiaiey
oaeie naieoeee, eae ioeac a i?aaeinoaaeaiee ano?a/iiai oaeiaeaoai-
?aiey, anee iaycaoaeuenoai ia?ooaii ae?oaie noi?iiie. Iai?eia?,
(**1) No. 157 Eiaeaena oi?aiaiai ii?aieaaaiey NNN?. ooaa?aeaeaiiiai Oeacii I?aceaee-
oi Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? io 17 naioya?y 1968 a. – AAN, 1968. ? 39. no. 351.
(**2) I. 63 Onoaaa aeaeaciuo aei?ia NNN?. – NI, 1964, N” 5, no. 36.
(**3) Ci.: I. IS-19 Iieiaeaiey i Ainoaea?noaaiiie iaeiaiaie neoaeaa ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee. – Nai?iee
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i?e ia?ooaiee niaeaoaiey i ia?aaea/a n?aaenoa aeey o/anoey a no?i-
eoaeuenoaa nioeeaeueii-eoeueoo?iiai iauaeoa, aeeeiai aeiia ianoiue
i?aai aeanoe iiaeao ioeacaoue a i?aaeinoaaeaiee i?aaa iieueciaaiey
yoei iauaeoii eee a auaeaeaiee aeeeuo iiiauaiee.
3. Naieoeee, i?eiaiyaiua io eiaie ainoaea?noaa aai i?aaiaie,
iie?athony oieueei ia oeacaiey caeiia. I?eiaiaiea ia? aicaeaenoaey
e noauaeoai oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, ia i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caei-
iii, ia aeiioneaaony.
Eiieoao ii noaiaea?oecaoeee, iao?ieiaee e na?oeoeeaoeee e aai
i?aaiu eiatho i?aai i?eiaiyoue naieoeee i?e ionooieaieyo i?aae-
i?eyoee io onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii o?aaiaaiee ii ea/anoao. Oae,
ii ai?aaa iai?aaeyoue i?aaei?eyoeyi i?aaeienaiey ia ono?aiaiee
ia?ooaiee iaycaoaeueiuo noaiaea?oia, i?ae?auaiee auionea e ?aa-
eecaoeee oiaa?ia (*1). Eiieoao ?O ii iieeoeea oeai eiaao i?aai i?e
ia?ooaiee i?aaei?eyoeyie aeenoeeieeiu oeai o?aaiaaoue i?eaaaeaiey
eo a niioaaonoaea n caeiiii.
Ana yoe e iiaeiaiua ia?u ioiinyony e /eneo iia?aoeaiuo naieoeee,
i?eiaiyaiuo e ia?ooeoaeyi caeiia. Yoe naieoeee icia/atho ianooi-
eaiea aeey ia?ooeoaeae iaaeaaii?eyoiuo eiouanoaaiiuo iineaaenoaee.
oioy au ec naiiai aeoa i?yii yoi e ia auoaeaei. E i?eia?o, ono?aiaiea
ia?ooaiee a io/aoiinoe, eae i?aaeei, ninoieo oieueei ai aianaiee a
iaa i?aaeeueiuo naaaeaiee. Ii ca yoei noieo i?ana/aiea aiciiaeiinoae
e iieo/aieth iaca?aaioaiiuo aeey iio?aaeaiey n?aaenoa e o.i (*2).
3. Aeaeu ioaaonoaaiiinoe
1. Ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiaoo iiae?acaeaeyoueny ii ?acee/iui
iniiaaieyi. O/aiua, eioi?ua ia iiae?acaeaeytho naieoeee ia iau/iua
ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe, a naiae eeanneoeeaoeee enoiaeyo ec aiaoieo
oi?i i?iyaeaiey iineaaenoaee. Oae. A.E. Iaiooia iacuaaao iyoue
aeaeia ioaaonoaaiiinoe noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai ucaaa, ?anniao?e-
aay a iaeiii ?yaeo e naieoeee, e ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe (*3). Ae?oaea aaoi?u
?acee/atho ioaaonoaaiiinoue e ii niioiioaieth n oauoeaie (eiiiai-
naoeeiiiua e oo?aoiua naieoeee) (*4), e ii ae?oaei iniiaaieyi.
A eceaaaaiie iaie eeanneoeeaoeee i?iaiaeeony auaeaeaiea io-
aeaeueiuo aeaeia ioaaonoaaiiinoe niia?acii eaaeeoeeaoeee oicyeno-
aaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee, eiino?oeoeeyi aa i?eiaiaiey, a caaene-
(**1) Iieiaeaiea i Eiieoaoa ?inneeneie oaaea?aoeee ii noaiaea?oecaoeee, iao?ieiaee e
na?oeoeeaoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiia iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 25 aeaeaa?y
1992 a. – NAII. 1993. ? 4. no. 308.
(**2) Ni. ia yoii aieaa iiae?iaii a oaia
(**3) Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. Iauea iieiaeaiey, n. 219-221.
(**4) Oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. I., 1977, n. 456-467.
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iinoe io ?iee, eioi?oth iia ea?aao a ?acee/iuo oicyenoaaiiuo
neooaoeeyo, e ii iaeioi?ui ae?oaei iniiaaieyi. Eaaeaeia ec iniiaaiee
eeanneoeeaoeee iicaieyao oynieoue ii?aaeaeaiiua noi?iiu aeaiiiai
oicyenoaaiii-i?aaiaiai einoeoooa e ii?yaeie aai ?aaeecaoeee..
2. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ?acee/aaony i?eiaieoaeueii e oai aeaeai iay-
caoaeuenoa, ca ia?ooaiea eioi?uo iia neaaeoao. Aeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe
aiia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao, aaea o/anoieee ioaa/atho
ae?oaia?aae ae?oaii a ea/anoaa th?eaee/aneeo eeoe, oa?aeoa?ii acuneaiea
iaonoieee e oauoeia a i?aoaiceiiii-eneiaii ii?yaeea (a oaeaea e ii
eieoeeaoeaa ia?ooeoaey eee iioa?iaaoaai a i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caei-
iii neo/ayo aacaeoeaioiiai nienaiey noii ni n/aoa ia?ooeoaey (*1)).
I?e yoii i?e/eoathueany noiiu ia?a/eneythony n iaeiiai ?an/aoiiai
n/aoa ia ae?oaie. Ana nii?iua aii?inu ?ac?aoathony th?enaeeeoeeiiiuie
i?aaiaie, oiieiiii/aiiuie ia eo ?aoaiea. Yoa ioaaonoaaiiinoue,
aeieaia a?aiy o?aeoiaaaoayny a ea/anoaa a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie, a neeo
a?aaeaeainei-aaeieieno?aoeaiiai iiaeoiaea e ?aaoee?iaaieth oicyenoaai-
iuo ioiioaiee iieo/eea iaeaieueoaa ?acaeoea e o?aaoee?iaaiea.
Ii?iu i iae nin?aaeioi/aiu a Iniiaao a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
e AE, a oaeaea a eiuo iiaecaeiiiuo aeoao.
Aeey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe oa?aeoa?iui yaeyaony
i?eiaiaiea yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaaonoaaiiinoe, -ai?anoue ia?u
noeioee?iaaiey – aeanoeioee?iaaiey iiae?acaeaeaiee i?eiaiythony ii
iieacaoaeyi auiieiaiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa. I?e yoii
a ea/anoaa aniiiiaaoaeueiiai eino?oiaioa eniieuecoaony e iiaeaeue io-
aaonoaaiiinoe ae?oa ia?aae ae?oaii a aeaea oieaou naieoeee iaeiei iiae-
?acaeaeaieai – ae?oaiio. Yoe acuneaiey /aua anaai ia iinyo oa?aeoa?a
?aaeueiuo aeaiaaeiuo ieaoaaeae, a i?eiaiythony a ea/anoaa eca?aiiuo
ia i?aaei?eyoee ia? ioeaiee. Iaiauaiiua ioeaii/iua aeaiiua yaeythony
a yoii neo/aa iniiaie noeioee?iaaiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe eaaeaeiai ec
ieo e ?aaeecothony a nenoaiao ?ani?aaeaeaiey iiiu?eoaeueiuo oiiaeia,
oiiaeia ca?aaioiie ieaou e eiuie iiaeiaiuie ia?aie. Iai?eia?, ii
noaiaie auiieiaiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa ei??aeoe?o-
aony ?ani?aaeaeaiea iiiu?eoaeueiuo n?aaenoa iaaeaeo oeaoaie.
ioeaieo a iieiaeeoaeueioth eee io?eoeaoaeueioth noi?iio.
Aeey oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneeo iaycaoaeuenoa a caeiia (no. 20
Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe) ii-
?aaeaeaea ioaaonoaaiiinoue auoanoiyuaai i?aaia, oi anoue ainoaea?noaa,
eioi?ia ioaa/aao ca iaeiiiaoaioiia aiaoaoaeuenoai e iaiaaeeaaeauaa
(**1) Oaeea ia?u /anoi i?eiaiythony a o?ainii?oiuo ioiioaieyo (ni., iai?eia?,
no. 160 Onoaaa aeaeaciuo aei?ia) e a eiuo i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii neo/ayo. Aacae-
oeaioiia nienaiea iiaeao auoue e naieoeeae ca ia?ooaiea onoaiiaeaiiuo i?aaee oicye-
noaiaaiey (acuneaiea i?e/eoathueony ieaoaaeae) e ioaaonoaaiiinoueth (acuneaiea
oo?aoia ca ia?aca?oaeaiiua aaaiiu).
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inouanoaeaiea naieo iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae i?aaei?eyoeai. A naith i/a-
?aaeue e ainoaea?noai i?eiaiyao ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe e i?aaei?eyoeyi
ca ia?ooaiea i?aaee aaaeaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Yoe
naieoeee onoaiiaeaiu a ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeaiiuo ?acia?ao e ?aaeeco-
thony ii eneo oiieiiii/aiiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia. Oaeiau
naieoeee ca ia?ooaiea iaeiaiaiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaa i noaiaea?oao e na?oeoeeaoeee, i oeaiao e ae?oaea (*1).
Ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeue-
noaao i?aaei?eyoee ia?aae aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiui ia?a-
ciaaieai ai aeaaa n niioaaonoaothuei i?aaiii aeanoe ia iieo/eea
iiea /aoeiai o?aaoee?iaaiey. A i?eioeeia yoa ioaaonoaaiiinoue iiaeao
auoue en/eneaia a niioaaonoaothueo noieiinoiuo iieacaoaeyo (oauo-
ee io iaauionea onoaiiaeaiiiai aeiaiai?ii eiee/anoaa oiaa?ia e,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, io oiai, /oi iie ia auee ?aaeeciaaiu ia oa??eoi?ee
niioaaonoaothuaai ?aaeiia, io iaauiieiaiey ianoiiai caeaca ii
i?iaeoe?iaaieth, ii ecaioiaeaieth ianoaiaea?oece?iaaiiiai iai?o-
aeiaaiey aeey ianoiuo ioaeae (*2) e ae?.). O?oaeiinoe a ?aaeecaoeee oaeie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe ninoiyo a oii, /oi a yoeo iaycaoaeuenoaao aeaenoaotho
aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua aaeeieoeu ai aeaaa n i?aaiaie
aeanoe e ianoiie aaeieieno?aoeeae, eioi?uo caeii iiea i?yii ia
iacuaaao o/anoieeaie oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee e iioiio ia i?aae-
oniao?eaaao eiie?aoiuo niiniaia caueou eo i?aa.
3. A caaeneiinoue io oiai, ianooiaao ee ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae
eiio?aaaioii eee ainoaea?noaii, iieo/athuei niioaaonothuea
noiiu ca ia?ooaiea eeai aea iia ninoieo a aiciiaeiinoe (iaaic-
iiaeiinoe) ia/eneaiey e iieo/aiey a naia ?anii?yaeaiea noii,
?acee/aaony ioaaonoaaioeoue i?aae ae?oaeie noauaeoaie e yeiiiie-
/aneay (ioeaii/iay) ioaaonoaaiiinoue.
Enoi/ieeaie ?aaoee?iaaiey yeiiiie/aneie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ai
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo, aaea nae/an iia aeaaiui ia?acii
i?eiaiyaony, yaeythony i?eieiaaiua i?aaei?eyoeyie e iauaaeeia-
ieyie aeou i aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
4. Ii oa?aeoa?o iaycaoaeuenoa n o/anoeai ianeieueeeo noauaeoia
(aeieaaua, nieeaea?iua, noaneaeea?iua) ioaaonoaaiiinoue oaeaea ?ac-
ee/aaony a ea/anoaa aeieaaie, nieeaea?iie e noaneaeea?iie. Eiino-
?oeoeey e iaoaieci yoie ioaaonoaaiiinoe eco/aeenue a eo?na a?aae-
aeaineiai i?aaa. A eo?na oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa iaiaoiaeeii o/anoue
iaeioi?ua iniaaiiinoe yoeo aeaeia ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Aeieaaua iaycaoaeuenoaa e ioaaonoaaiiinoue aicieeatho a oicyeno-
aaiiuo aeiaiai?ao ?aciiai oeia. Yoi iiaoo auoue e aeiaiai?u iinoaaee
(**1) Ni., iai?eia?, no. 13 Caeiia ?O ia iniiaao iaeiaiaie nenoaiu e ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee
(**2) Ni.: no. 59 i. 4 Caeiia i ianoiii naiioi?aaeaiee a ?NON?.
!!256
(aeieueueee a nenoaia iio?aaeoaeueneie eiiia?aoeee). *aoa anaai a
nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo aeieaaua iaycaoaeuenoaa aicieeatho i?e iauaaee-
iaiee n?aaenoa aeey ?aoaiey eaeie-eeai iauae oicyenoaaiiie caaea/e.
A /anoiinoe, aaaeiia cia/aiea eiatho aeiaiai?u ianoiuo i?aaiia aeanoe
e oi?aaeaiey n i?aaei?eyoeyie e iauaaeeiaieyie i aeieaaii o/anoee a
?acaeoee iiuiinoae no?ieoaeueiie eiaeono?ee, i niaianoiii no?ieoaeue-
noaa e yenieoaoaoeee iauaeoia i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai e nioeeaeueii-eoeue-
oo?iiai iacia/aiey. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ai anao oaeeo aeiaiai?iuo iay-
caoaeuenoaao ii?aaeaeyaony aeieae o/anoey a niioaaonoaothuai aeiaiai?a.
Nieeaea?iay ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo ano?a-
/aaony a iieiii e niaoaiiii oiaa?euanoaa. Iia iiaeao eniieueci-
aaoueny oaeaea a neo/ayo, eiaaea oeaee niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aae-
i?eyoee o?aaotho aeiiieieoaeueiuo aa?aioee aeey e?aaeeoi?ia. Aeey
yoiai nieeaea?iay ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaeoniao?eaaaony a aeiaiai?a
o/anoieeia niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Noaneaeea?iay (aeiiieieoaeueiay) ioaaonoaaiiinoue aicieeaao a oi-
cyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo i?e auaea/a aa?aioee auoanoiyuei i?aaiii
ii nnoaeai, iieo/aaiui iiae/eiaiiui i?aaei?eyoeai. A niioaaonoaee
ni no. 210 AE ?NON? ioaaonoaaiiinoue auoanoiyuaai i?aaia aaiea,
eiiai noauaeoa aoaeao noaneaeea?iie, oi anoue ii i?eaeaeaaony e iae,
eiaaea o iniiaiiai aeieaeieea ia n/aoa iao n?aaenoa, /oiau ?ann/eoaoueny
ca aeieaa e auieaoeoue i?ioeaiou ca caaeieaeaiiinoue. Oicyenoaaiii-i?a-
aiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ia ioaaouaaao eiuo neo/aaa aicieeiiaaiey ni-
eeaea?iie e noaneaeea?iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe (a neo/ayo i?e/eiaiey a?aaea
e ae?.), iineieueeo yoi ia yaeyaony i?aaeiaoii oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Oaeea ioiioaiey ?aaoee?othony a?aaeaeaineei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
5. ?aa?anniay ioaaonoaaiiinoue iniiaaia ia ?aa?anniii iaycaoaeue-
noaa. Eiaaea iaeei ec o/anoieeia oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee iiian io-
aaonoaaiiinoue ca ae?oaiai ec-ca aeiiouaiiiai oai ia?ooaiey naiae
iaycaiiinoe, ii ai?aaa o?aaiaaoue aiciauaiey i?e/eiaiiuo oauoeia.
Iniaaiiinoueth ?aa?anniuo iaycaoaeuenoa a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
yaeyaony oi, /oi iia aicieeaao eae ?acoeueoao iiiaicaaiiinoe oicye-
noaaiiuo ioiioaiee. I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeia oeaiue iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo
naycae noauaeoia. Anee ia iaeiii ec o/anoeia yoie oeaie aicieeaao
ia?ooaiea, oi iii i?e iaee/ee oauoeia a eaaeaeii iineaaeothuai caaia
aeieaeii i?eaanoe e eo aiciauaieth ia?aiia/aeueii aeiiaiui ia?ooe-
oaeai. A nayce n yoei a i?aaa aicieeea i?iaeaia ia iniiaaieyo
ioaaonoaaiiinoe a ?aa?anniii o?aaiaaiee. Ioaao/ee caeanue iiaeao auoue
iaaeiiaiui, iineieueeo aai oaeaea iiaeaae niaaeiee. Iaeiaei inaiaiae-
aeaiea aai io ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia yoii iniiaaiee iiaeao i?eaanoe e
oiio, /oi aoaeao oeaiue o?aaiaaiee, a aeiiaiue noauaeo –
inaiaiaeaeai io ioaaonoaaiiinoe, a iioa?iaaoee ia iieo/eo aiciauaiey.
Aio ii/aio a iaoea auee auneacaiu i?aaeeiaeaiey i iaiaoiaeeiinoe
caiaiu nenoaiu ?aa?anniuo eneia ia iaeei e iaiin?aae-
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noaaiiiio aeiiaieeo, ii?iaeeaoaio naieie aeaenoaeyie io?eoeaoaeueiue
yooaeo a oeaie acaeiiioiioaiee o/anoieeia. (*1) I?aeoeea a ?yaea neo/aaa
eaeao ii yoiio iooe, i?eaeaeay a a?aeo?aaeiue i?ioeann niioaao/eeaie
noaiiae?yae/eeia, noaiinoaaueeia. Iaeiaei ai?eciiou oaeiai i?eaea/a-
iey noauaeoia ec oeaie acaeiinaycaiiuo o/anoieeia iau/ii iaaaeeee.
A aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa ?anniio?aiea oaeeo nii?ia neaaeoao
yoeo neooaoeeyo Aina?aeo?aaeai NNN? a naia a?aiy auea auaeaeiooa
iiceoeey iaeneiaeueii oe?ieiai iiieiaiey aeiu o/anoieeia iiiaic-
aaiiuo ioiioaiee, eioi?ua ia aeieaeiu inaiaiaeaeaoueny io ioaaonoaai-
iinoe iooai i?inoie nnueee ia iaeni?aaiinoue eiio?aaaioia, a aeieaeiu
i?eieiaoue ana ia?u e eniieiaieth iaycaoaeuenoa (*2). Yoe oeacaiey a?-
aeo?aaea aeieaia a?aiy eaaeaee a iniiaa ?aoaiey aii?inia ia ioaaono-
aaiiinoe a oeaie ?aa?anniuo o?aaiaaiee. Naaiaeiy iaiaoiaeeiu eiua
oai?aoe/aneea ?aoaiey yoiai aii?ina.
6. A caaeneiinoe io oiai, eoi e ii eaeei iniiaaieyi o?aaoao
ioaaonoaaiiinoe, ainoaea?noai ee a eeoea naieo ooieoeeiiaeueiuo i?aa-
iia, inouanoaeythueo eiio?ieue a noa?a niioaaonoaothueo ioiioaiee,
i?aaiio?aieoaeueiua i?aaiu eee eiio?aaaio ia?ooeoaey, ?acee/atho
ioaaonoaaiiinoue eiioeneaoeeiiioth, oi anoue naycaiioth n ecuyoeai
eiouanoaa a aeioiae ainoaa?noaa, e eiiiainaoeeiiioth, oi anoue neoaeauoth
oeaeyi aiciauaiey oauoeia iioa?iaaoaai eiio?aaaioa.
Eiioeneaoeeiiiua ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?eiaiythony oieueei a
neo/ayo, i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii. Eo i?eiaiytho io eiaie
ainoaea?noaa oiieiiii/aiiua i?aaiu, eiaaea a eo eiiiaoaioeeth aoiaeeo
?ac?aoaiea niioaaonoaothueo aii?inia (*3).
Eiiiainaoeeiiiua ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe, ninoiyuea a aiciauaiee
iioa?iaaoaio io i?aaiia?ooaiey oauoeia, i?eiaiythony oieueei ii
o?aaiaaieth iineaaeiaai, e oaeiaeaoai?aiea oaeeo o?aaiaaiee inouan-
oaeyaony eeai a i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea, eeai ii ?aoaieth a?aeo?aae-
iiai noaea e eiuo i?aaiia, ?ac?aoathueo oicyenoaaiiua nii?u.
7. Ii iauaio ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?ooeoaey ?acee/aaony ioaaono-
aaiiinoue iieiay, ia?aie/aiiay e iiauoaiiay. Iieiay ioaaonoaai-
iinoue icia/aao iaiaoiaeeiinoue aiciauaiey anao oauoeia, i?e/eiaiiuo
eiio?aaaioo, eee oua?aa – ainoaea?noao, iai?eia?, a neo/ayo caa?yc-
iaiey ie?oaeathuae n?aaeu e ia?aoeeiiaeueiiai eniieueciaaiey i?e?i-
(**1) N. Iaeaei. Eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo,
n. 136-152.
(**2) Ni.: I. 7 Eino?oeoeaiuo oeacaiee Ainoaea?noaaiiiai a?aeo?aaea NNN? io 6 ie-
oya?y 1969 aiaea ? E-1-33 . Nenoaiaoece?iaaiiue
Nai?iee eino?oeoeaiuo oeacaiee Ainoaea?noaaiiiai a?aeo?aaea i?e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia
NNN?. I., 1983, n. 60.
(**3) Ni. ia coii a oaia
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aeiuo ?ano?nia (no. 29 i. 2 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe). Ia?aie/aiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaeiieaaaao
aiciauaiea oauoeia eeoue /anoe/ii. Iiauoaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue
icia/aao ia oieueei aiciauaiea oauoeia, ii e iieaoo naa?o oiai
iaonoieee. Iieiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ana o?e aeaea oauoeia (oo?aoa,
iia?aaeaeaiea eiouanoaa, iiianaiiua ?anoiaeu e iaiieo/aiiua aeioiaeu)
yaeyaony iniiaiui aeaeii ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Iia i?eiaiyaony, anee
eiia ia onoaiiaeaii caeiiii eee aeiaiai?ii. Ia?aie/aiiay e iiau-
oaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?eiaiythony a neo/ayo, eiaaea yoi niaoeeaeueii
i?aaeoniio?aii caeiiii eee aeiaiai?ii. I?e yoii aeiaiai?iia nieaeaiea
ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeiioneaaony oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea ?acia? ioaaonoaai-
iinoe aeey aeaiiiai aeaea iaycaoaeuenoa ia onoaiiaeai oi/ii caeiiii.
Aeey iiauoaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe noi?iiaie ii acaeiiiio niaeaoaieth
ieeaeeo ia?aie/aiee ia onoaiiaeaii.
Ia?aie/aiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeinoeaaaony ianeieueeeie niiniaa-
ie. Iia iiaeao auoue onoaiiaeaia iooai aaaaeaiey oae iacuaaaiie
eneeth/eoaeueiie iaonoieee, eneeth/athuae aiciiaeiinoue acuneaiey
oauoeia (no. 68 i. 3 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa). Iai?e-
ia?, oaeay iaonoieea i?aaeoniio?aia ca ia?ooaiea iaycaoaeuenoa ii
iiaea/a o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa (no. 143-144 Onoaaa aeaeaciuo aei?ia
Nithca NN?). Ia?aie/aiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiaeao auoue aeinoeaiooi
oeacaieai ia aiciiaeiinoue aiciauaiey ia anao oauoeia, a oieueei
eo /anoe. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue, iaeiiaoe, iiaeao auoue ia?aie/aia e i?inoi
oeacaieai i?aaeaeueiuo ?acia?ia acuneaiey. Iai?eia?, ia?aaic/ee
aiciauaao a?ociioi?aaeoaeth oauoee a noiia noieiinoe oo?a/aiiiai
eee iia?aaeaeaiiiai a?oca.
Iiauoaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue aaiaeeony caeiiiaeaoaeai a neo/ayo
iniai na?ueaciuo ia?ooaiee caeiia. Oae, iaaeiiinoaaea i?iaeoeoeee
a ?aeiiu E?aeiaai Naaa?a e oeeiiaiea io caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia
aea/ao i?eiaiaiea aunieeo iaonoiae (*1). Aunieea iaonoieee acunee-
aaeenue ca oeeiiaiea io caeeth/aiey iaycaoaeueiuo aeiaiai?ia ia
iinoaaeo iaoa?eaeueii-oaoie/aneeo ?ano?nia aa?ii?iiuoeaiiiio
eiiieaeno, nu?uey e i?iaeiaieuenoaey – a ain?ano?nu a 1991 aiaeo (*2).
Iiauoaiioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue, eae oaea aiai?eeinue, iiaoo i?aae-
oniio?aoue e naie o/anoieee iaycaoaeuenoaa. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy i?e-
ieiathony ia?u e niaa?oainoaiaaieth eiouanoaaiiie ioaaonoaai-
iinoe, ono?aiaieth eiathueony a ?yaea neo/aaa ia?aie/aiee, i?aae-
i?eyoey iaoeaeeaathony ia aiaeec iioa?ue e i?aaeuyaeaiea o?aaiaaiee
i acuneaiee oauoeia.
(**1) Ni.: Iinoaiiaeaiea Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 4 ai?aey 1992 a. . – AAN. 1992, ? 16. no. 843.
(**2) AAN, 1991, ?17,no.562.
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A niioaaonoaee n yoei ?acei nie?auaaony /enei caeiiiuo iaon-
oiae. Naie noi?iiu aeieaeiu ?ac?aaaouaaoue a aeiaiai?ao oneiaey
eiouanoaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
8. Iniaui aeaeii ioaaonoaaiiinoe neaaeoao n/eoaoue i?aaeon-
iio?aiiua no. 37 i. 3 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieia-
oaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe ia?u ii eeeaeaeaoeee i?aaei?eyoey. I?aae-
i?eyoea iiaeao auoue i?ae?auaii nianoaaiieeii ii aai oniio-
?aieth. Ii iii iiaeao auoue i?ae?auaii oaeaea e a neo/ayo
iaauiieiaiey oneiaee aeayoaeueiinoe, onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoaii ?O.
Iaee/ea oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, anee iie iiaoo auoue iinoaaeaiu
a aeio i?aaei?eyoeth, canoaaeyao i?eeoe e auaiaeo, /oi a oaeie
neooaoeee neaaeoao aiai?eoue ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey. Ii/aio?
Iioiio, /oi a aeaiiii neo/aa ?a/ue eaeao ia oieueei i eeoaiee noauaeoa
eiouanoaaiiuo i?aa, ii e aiiaua i aai i?ae?auaiee n iiaaoaieai
i?eioaeeoaeueii aeieaia, ?anoi?ie?iaaiee o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa e
oaieueiaiee ?aaioieeia. I?e yoii a neo/ayo i?ae?auaiey i?aaei?e-
yoey ii ?aoaieth noaea, a oaeaea a neo/ayo i?eciaiey aaie?ioii
niaeaney o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa ia o?aaoaony.
I?ae?auaiea i?aaei?eyoey i?e ionoonoaee aai aeiu a ianooi-
eaiee ianoiyoaeuenoa, iineoaeeaoeo iniiaaieai aeey yoiai, ia io-
iineony e ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Auiea/eaaaiua aeieae e eiiiainaoeee
caeanue ioiinyony e ?ani?aaeaeaieth oauoeia. Ioaeii ee ?acee/aoue
i?ae?auaiea i?aaei?eyoey ii iacaaenyuei io iaai i?e/eiai e
eae ?acoeueoao ieioiai oicyenoaiaaiey? I/aaeaeii, /oi a yoii anoue
niune, eai aeiiaiia i?aaei?eyoea aeieaeii ia oieueei ?anieaoeoueny
ni naieie ?aaioieeaie, ii e iaycaii ianoe ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae
eiio?aaaioaie ca i?e/eiaiiua ei oauoee, a oii /enea e i?ae?a-
uaieai i?aaei?eyoey. Yoi eiaao cia/aiea e a niunea ioeaiee
oicyenoaiaaiey i?aaei?eyoey i?e ?aoaiee i cai?aoa aai aeayoaeue-
iinoe (no. 37 i. 3 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe).
4. Iniiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe
1. Aeey ianooieaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe, eioi?ay anaaaea iineo oa-
?aeoa? eiouanoaaiiiai iaeacaiey, aeieaeai auoue iaeeoei ninoaa th?e-
aee/aneeo oaeoia – iniiaaiee aeey aa i?eiaiaiey. A iaoea a?aae-
aeaineiai i?aaa, eco/athuae yoio aii?in a ieineinoe iiaaaeaiey noau-
aeoia a?aaeaeaineiai iai?ioa, noi?ie?iaaeny acaeyae, /oi a ninoaa
i?aaiia?ooaiey a eiouanoaaiiie noa?a aeieaeiu aoiaeeoue, ii iauaio
i?aaeeo, neaaeothuea oaeou: 1) i?ioeaii?aaiinoue iiaaaeaiey noau-
aeoa; 2) iaee/ea oauoeia o iioa?iaaoaai io i?aaiia?ooaiey; 3)
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i?e/eiiay naycue iaaeaeo ia?aui e aoi?ui; 4) iaee/ea aeiu ia?o-
oeoaey (*1).
Neaaeoao, iaeiaei, eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi e noa?a i?eiaiaiey oicye-
noaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, e noauaeou, aa ?aaeecothuea, e nai oa-
?aeoa? iacaaiiuo iniiaaiee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa auaeyaeeo iuia
eia/a (no. 71 i. 2 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa) a oaeaea
iinoaiiaeaiea Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ia?oa 1993 a. ) (*2). Aaeaeo yoiai oa aea yeaiaiou ninoaaa
i?aaiia?ooaiey iaiaoiaeeii ?anniio?aoue n o/aoii eo iniaaiiinoae
a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa.
2. I?ioeaii?aaiinoue iiaaaeaiey icia/aao ia?ooaiea iauaeoea-
iuo ii?i i?aaa e iniiaaiiuo ia ieo noauaeoeaiuo i?aa ae?oaeo
noauaeoia. A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo iaeaieaa /anoi oaeia ii-
aaaeaiea i?ioaeaao a oi?ia aacaeaenoaey (iaiaaeeaaeauaai aeaenoaey).
A iaycaoaeuenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaieyo ia?a aeieaeiiai iiaaaeaiey
noauaeoa i?aaeienaia aio eeai aeiaiai?ii, eeai onoaiiaeaiiui eii-
iaoaioiui i?aaiii ii?yaeeii acaeiiaeaenoaey (iai?eia?, ooaa?ae-
aeaiiui ia i?aaei?eyoee ii?yaeeii aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioa-
iee), eeai caeiiii, ii?aaeaeeaoei niaea?aeaiea i?aaiioiioaiee
noauaeoia (iai?eia?, no. 28 Caeiia i i?aaei?eyoeyo e i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe, o?aaoee?iaaaoay ioiioaiey i?aaei?eyoey
n ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie). Ionooieaiea io yoie ia?u i?ioe-
aii?aaii, iineieueeo noauaeo aeieaeai aeaenoaiaaoue i?aaeienaiiui aio
ia?acii. Aeaenoaoy eia/a, ii ia?ooaao i?aaa ae?oaiai noauaeoa.
A i?aaiioiioaieyo ia ioiineoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a, aaea noauaeo ia
iaycai acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue n ae?oaei eiie?aoiui noauaeoii, i?ioe-
aii?aaiinoue au?aaeaaony a ionooieaiee io onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii
i?aaee oicyenoaiaaiey.
3. Iaee/ea oauoeia a ninoaaa i?aaiia?ooaiey icia/aao, /oi
i?e acaeiiaeaenoaee aeaoo eee ianeieueeeo noauaeoia iioa?iaaoaio
i?e/eiaiu oauoee a aeaea: a) oo?aou, iia?aaeaeaiey eiouanoaa; a)
iiianaiiuo aneaaenoaea ia?ooaiey ?anoiaeia; a) oiouaiiie aneaae-
noaea ia?ooaiey iaycaoaeuenoaa auaiaeu. I?e ioeaii/iie aioo?eoi-
cyenoaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aii?in ia oauoeao aeieaeai ?anniao?e-
aaoueny eae n?aaiaiea iieo/aiiuo eiouanoaaiiuo ?acoeueoaoia n
caieaie?iaaiiuie ii yoei aea o?ai iai?aaeaieyi (i?aaeoniio?ai-
iuie aioo?eoicyenoaaiiui aeiaiai?ii).
A ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia?aae eiio?aaaioii aii?in ia oauoeao ?an-
niao?eaaaony anaaaea n o/aoii aiciiaeiinoe eo acuneaiey n i?e/e-
ieoaey. A iaoaiecia yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaaonoaaiiinoe
(**1) Ni., iai?eia?: Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai. *. 1. I., 1986. n. 517.
(**2) AAN, 1993. ? 11, no. 393.
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onoaiiaeaiea oauoeia ?anniao?eaaaony a ianeieueei ae?oaeo aniaeoao:
a) n iiceoeee ioeaiee ?aaiou iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey; a) n iiceoeee
eo ioianaiey ia ?acoeueoaou aeayoaeueiinoe aeiiaiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey
i?aaei?eyoey.
A i?eioeeia aeey ?aaeecaoeee ioaaonoaaiiinoe aaaeiu oieueei oa
oauoee, eioi?ua yaeythony ?acoeueoaoii i?ioeaii?aaiiai e aeiiaiiai)
iiaaaeaiey. Yoio auaiae iauae oai?ee eiouanoaaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe (*1)
ia iieo/ee iiea /aoeiai au?aaeaiey a iaoaiecia ?aaoee?iaaiey yei-
iiie/aneie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Ioeaiea ?acoeueoaoia ?aaiou iiae?acaeaea-
iey i?aaei?eyoey no?ieony iiae/an aia enneaaeiaaiey yoeo aii?inia.
Aeaei a oii, /oi ?aaeecaoeey ioeaiee e ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?ienoiaeeo aac
?aoaiee th?enaeeeoeeiiiuo i?aaiia, eae yoi auaaao a neo/ayo ioaao-
noaaiiinoe ia?aae eiio?aaaioii. Yoi aeaeatho nicaeaaaaiua ia i?aaei?e-
yoeyo niaoeeaeueiua i?aaiu, a /anoiinoe, eiiennee ii iai?iecaiaee-
oaeueiui ?anoiaeai, eioi?ua enneaaeotho oa?aeoa? oauoeia e ioiinyo eo
ii niioaaonoaothuaio aae?ano. Oaeay aeayoaeueiinoue neaai th?eaeece?iaaia
e e ianoiyuaio a?aiaie, iioiaea, /oi caeiiiaeaoaeue iioa?ye eioa?an
e iaania/aieth i?aaiii?yaeea a yoie noa?a. Aeoiaaony, /oi a iaueo
iieiaeaieyo Oicyenoaaiiiai eiaeaena ?innee iaaeeaaeeo iineaaeiaaoaeueii
?ac?aoeoue aii?in i iiiyoee oauoeia, eo auyaeaiee a ?acoeueoaoa
yeiiiie/aneiai aiaeeca aeayoaeueiinoe, i?aaeeueiie eaaeeoeeaoeee n
oeaeueth ?aoaiey aii?inia aeey ioeaiee aeayoaeueiinoe, acuneaiey n ae-
iiaiuo e nienaiey n aaeaina, eiaaea iao iniiaaiee aiaiyoue eo eiio-eeai.
4. I?e/eiiay naycue i?ioeaii?aaiiai iiaaaeaiey n oauoeaie ya-
eyaony iai?aiaiiui yeaiaioii ninoaaa i?aaiia?ooaiey i?e acae-
iiaeaenoaee aeaoo e aieaa noauaeoia. A yoii aii?ina aiieia iiaoo
auoue eniieueciaaiu ciaiey, iieo/aiiua a oai?ee eiouanoaaiiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe a?aaeaeaineiai i?aaa (*2). Iaeiaei a oicyenoaaiiuo io-
iioaieyo, eiathueo neiaeioth oeaiue acaeiiaeaenoaey ii aieueoei
iiiaieeaoo?ai ecaeaeee, ?aaio, oneoa, auyaeaiea aeaenoaeoaeueii
i?e/eiaiiuo oauoeia ?acee/iuo aeaeia, i?iyaeythueony a ?aciuo
noaaeeyo i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna, yaeyaony caaea/ae eoaea aieaa
neiaeiie, iaaeaee onoaiiaeaiea i?e/eiaiey oauoeia a a?aaeaeainei-
i?aaiauo ioiioaieyo. Acaeiicaaeneiinoue i?ioeaii?aaiiai iiaa-
aeaiey e a?aaeiiiniuo ?acoeueoaoia caeanue auaaao iai/aaeaeiie. Aeaaea
i?e i?yiuo i?e/eiiuo naycyo auaaao o?oaeii onoaiiaeoue, ianeieueei
oa eee eiuanaie a i?iecaiaenoaa aucaaiu iaaeiiinoaaeie eiio?aaaioa,
a a eaeie ia?a i?ienoiaeyo io nianoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. E?oiiia
i?aaei?eyoea, naycaiiia nioiyie aeiaiai?ia n ae?oaeie i?aaei?eyoe-
yie, iiaeao iioa?iaoue oauoee n?aco io iaeni?aaiinoe ianeieueeeo
niaaeieeia. Au/eaieoue aeieth eaaeaeiai i?e/eieoaey auaaao aeinoa-
(**1) Ni.: Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai. *.1. I., 1986, n.519-522.
(**2) Ni.: Niaaoneia a?aaeaeaineia i?aai . *. 1, I., 1986, n. 519-522.
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oi/ii neiaeii. Anee aea e yoiio i?eiaoeaaaony aua e oeaiue
no?iee, o?aoee inouanoaeye aa ione, a a ?acoeueoaoa auioneaaiay
i?iaeoeoeey ia niioaaonoaoao onoaiiaeaiiui o?aaiaaieyi), oi ennea-
aeiaaiea i?e/eiiuo caaeneiinoae noaiiaeony aua aieaa neiaeiui
aeaeii. Iaoaeeaeoaeueii iiyoiio, /oi a oicyenoaaiiie i?aeoeea eiai-
ii ii i?e/eiai neiaeiinoe iainiiaaiey i?e/eiaiey oauoeia iaeiei
noauaeoii ae?oaiio eneia i acuneaiee oauoeia i?aaeuyaeyaony iaei.
Noi?iiu /aua ia?aie/eaathony o?aaiaaieyie i acuneaiee iaonoie-
ee, aeey acuneaiey eioi?ie aeinoaoi/ii oaeoa ia?ooaiey (aeia ia-
?ooeoaey eee ionoonoaea eneeth/athueo ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianoiy-
oaeuenoa iai?aiaeieeiie neeu i?acthie?oaony).
Iaaeaeo oai eiaiii ?aaeueiinoue o?aaiaaiee ia oauoeao aeieaeia
neoaeeoue iiaeeeiiui eino?oiaioii ?uii/iiai acaeiiaeaenoaey. Iai?a-
iaiiui oneiaeai acaeiiaeaenoaey oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia ia ?uiea
yaeyaony ciaiea enoeiiuo ?acia?ia oauoeia, oeaiu eaaeaeiai ia?ooaiey
i?aaa ia oieueei aeey ?aoaiey eiiiainaoeeiiiuo aii?inia, ii e aeey
auai?a naiaai aeaeueiaeoaai iiaaaeaiey, iiaeai?a ia?oia?ia, ?anoi?aeaiey
aeiaiai?a. I?aaeuyaeaiea o?aaiaaiey ia oauoeao ieacuaaao iaaeeaaeauaa
aicaeaenoaea ia ia?oia?a iioa?iaaoaai noauaeoa, eai oi/ii aeice?oao
aai ia?o ioaaonoaaiiinoe, canoaaeyao eneaoue iooe oeo/oaiey ?aaiou.
Iiyoiio a i?aeoe/aneie ?aaioa ana aieueoaa i?eiaiaiea iaoiaeyo
?ac?aaaouaaaiua iaoiaeeee iiaen/aoa oauoeia io ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeaeia
ia?ooaiee iaycaoaeuenoa. Aaaeiia cia/aiea eiaao /aoeay i?aaiecaoeey
aeinoiaa?iiai aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa aeey iaania/aiey ?aoeeiiaeueiiai e
yeiiiiiiai eniieueciaaiey iaoa?eaeueiuo, oeiainiauo e o?oaeiauo
?ano?nia, caueou nianoaaiiuo eioa?ania, aeoeaiiai eniieueciaaiey
i?aaiauo n?aaenoa aeey ai?ueau n i?aaiia?ooaieai,
5. Iaiaoiaeeiui iniiaaieai ioaaonoaaiiinoe yaeyaony aeia i?aae-
i?eieiaoaey a i?ioeaii?aaiii iiaaaeaiee (i?e ionoonoaee oauoeia),
a i?ioeaii?aaiii iiaaaeaiee e aai a?aaeiiiniuo ?ncoeueoaoao (i?e
i?e/eiaiee oauoeia eiio?aaaioo). Iiae aeiie iiieiaaony iaaeieaeiia
n oi/ee c?aiey i?aaa e ii?aee ineoe/aneia ioiioaiea noauaeoa
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e ia?ooaieth caeiia (iniiaaiiiai ia
iai e aeiaiai?a iaycaoaeuenoaa) a oi?ia oiunea eee iainoi?iaeiinoe (*1).
Aeey a?aaeaeaieia-i?aaei?eieiaoaey caeiiiaeaoaeue nio?aiee naaiae-
iy iauea iiaeoiaeu a onoaiiaeaiee iniiaaiee ioaaonoaaiiinoe. En-
oiaey ec iinoaiiaeaiey Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ia?oa 1993 a..
aeey noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aeaenoaothueo aac i?e-
iaiaiey i?aaiaie oi?iu th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, i/aaeaeii, oaeaea ni-
(**1) Ni.: No. 71 /. 1 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa e e. 5 iinoaiiaeaiey Aa?-
oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ia?oa 1993 a. .
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o?aiythony i?aaeiea i?aaeea ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i?aaeoniio?aiiua
no. 71 /.1 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Iaeiaei naeaeaoue
oaeie auaiae iiaeii eeoue aeey noa?u oao ioiioaiee, ia eioi?oth
?ann/eoaii i?eiaiaiea Iniia, oi anoue noa?o ioiioaiee oiaa?iiai
iaiaia. ssnii, iai?eia?, /oi e ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?inoiai oiaa?euan-
oaa iiaeii i?eiaiyoue eeoue i?aaeea – ioaa/aao aeiiaiia oiaa?e-
uanoai. Ii eae auoue n oaie noauaeoaie, eioi?ua aeaenoaotho aia
oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai iaiaia? Ia eaeie iniiaa ioaa/atho ainoaea?noai.
?aaeiiu, iiae?acaeaeaiey a noa?a eiuo iaycaoaeuenoa?
I/aaeaeii, /oi ioaao ia oaeie aii?in iiaeii aeaoue eeoue n iaua-
th?eaee/aneeo iiceoeee: aac aeiu iao ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Ii/aio caeiiiaeaoaeue aeey i?aaei?eyoee-th?eaee/aneeo eeoe onoa-
iiaee ioaaonoaaiiinoue aac aeiu, eneeth/ay aa oieueei neooaoeeyie,
eiaaea ia?ooeoaeue aeieaaeao iaaiciiaeiinoue iaaeeaaeauaai eniieiaiey
aaeaeo iai?aiaeieeiie neeu?
I/aaeaeii, /oi oaeei ia?acii ii iinoaaee caaea/o iiauneoue io-
aaonoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoee. Caeiiiaeaoaeue iniai iiae/a?eioe, /oi e
ianoiyoaeuenoaai iai?aiaeieeiie neeu ia ioiineony ia?ooaiea iay-
caoaeuenoa eiio?aaaioaie eeai ionoonoaoao ia ?uiea ioaeiuo aeey
eniieiaiey oiaa?ia (no. 71 /. II Iniia. I?aaeeueii ee yoi n iaua-
th?eaee/aneeo iiceoeee? Ia eo/oa ee auei, nio?aiyy aeio eae in-
iiaaiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe, iiauneoue ianooaau ioeaiee iiaaaeaiey e
ea/anoaa aeiiaiiai? Aaaeue iiaeii auei, eae e ?aiaa, n/eoaoue aeieae-
ieea-i?aaei?eieiaoaey aeiiaiui, anee ii ia i?iyaee iaeneioia
?a/eoaeueiinoe aeey eniieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoaa. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi
aacaeiiaiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue, eae iaeacaiea aac aeiu – ia eo/oee
niinia oe?aieaiey iaycaoaeuenoaaiiie aeenoeeieeiu.
Aii?in i aeia eae iniiaaiee yeiiiie/aneie (ioeaii/iie) ioaaono-
aaiiinoe iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey aeieaeai ?aoaoueny ii iauei i?a-
aeeai. Eacaeinue au, i eaeie e ia?aae eai aeia iiaeao eaeoe a yoii
neo/aa ?a/ue? I aeia i?aae naiei niaie? I?eiaiyy io?eoeaoaeueioth
ioeaieo e eeoay aeiiaiia iiae?acaeaeaiea i?e/eoathueony aio eio-
uanoaaiiuo aeaa, iu ?anoeaieaaai iiaaaeaiea yoiai iiae?acaeaeaiey eae
iaaeieaeiia ii ioiioaieth e i?aaei?eyoeth, a ninoaa eioi?iai iii aoiaeeo.
Aicieeaao aii?in, eiaao ee niune aiai?eoue i aeia a yoeo neo/ayo,
anee iao aiciiaeiinoe ii?iaa?aiooue i?acoiioeeth aeiiaiinoe (yoa
noa?a ioiioaiee iaei th?eaeece?iaaia). E oiio aea caeanue e ia
i?aaeoniio?aiu aeieacuaaiea ionoonoaey aeiu e o?aaiaaiea i?aaein-
oaaeoue oi, /oi i?e/eoaeinue a oneiaeyo ii?iaeueiiai oiaea niauoee?
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, onoaiaaeeaay i?aaeea noeioee?iaaiey (aeanoe-
ioee?iaaiey) a i?ioeanna aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, ia i?ae-
oeea iau/ii ia noaaeony i?yii oaeeo aii?inia.
I?e iaaeeaaeauai ?acaeoee iaoaiecia aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an-
/aoa e aai i?aaiaiai iaania/aiey yoe aii?inu ?aoathony (e aoaeoo
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?aoaoueny) ia iniiaa i?eioeeia aeiu. I?e oaeii iiaeoiaea ianoiyoaeue-
noaa, ianooieaoea ia ii aeia noauaeoa, ia o/eouaathony a ea/anoaa
aeeythueo ia oiiae ca?aaioiie ieaou, ?acia? noii iaoa?eaeueiiai
iiiu?aiey. Iiaeaeue oaeie ioeaiee yaeyaony ni?aaaaeeeaie, oae eae
io?eoeaoaeueiua iineaaenoaey aeieaeiu ia?aiauaoueny a noa?o oao iiae-
?acaeaeaiee, eioi?ua ia aeaea ieacaeenue iiaeiiu a aeiiouaiiuo ia-
?ooaieyo. Anee oaeeo
i?eyoey, iauaaeeiaiey, eioi?ua ?aaeecotho ioeaieo e noeioee?iaaiea
(aeanoeioee?iaaiea), yoi iiaeao naeaeaoue naii caeioa?aniaaiiia iiae-
?acaeaeaiea, i?eiaiea ia?u a ioiioaiee aeaenoaeoaeueiiai ia?ooeoaey
e acuneaa n iaai oi, /oi ia naeaeaii a ii?yaeea yeiiiie/aneie ioaao-
noaaiiinoe. Eiia/ii, aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau iaoaieci aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa aue iineaaeiaaoaeueii th?eaeece?iaai.
I?eioeei aeiu eae iauai?aaiaie aeieaeai i?eiaiyoueny ai anao
oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo, ca ecuyoeyie, i?aaeoniio?aiiuie no. 71
/. II Iniia. A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo i?aaeiaai a?aiaie ia?aaeei
aeiioneaeanue ioaaonoaaiiinoue aac niecia?aiey n aeiie. Oaeiaa auea
ioaaonoaaiiinoue a?ociioi?aaeoaey e ia?aaic/eea ca ia?ooaiea iay-
caoaeuenoa ii iiaea/a o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa i?ioanneiiaeueiiai o?a-
ieoaey (no. 427 AE ?NON?), oicyenoaa a aeiaiai?a eiio?aeoaoeee (*1)
e a iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo neo/ayo.
A?yae ee neaaeoao nio?aiyoue iiaeiaiua i?aaeea. I?aaaea, iaaei neacaoue,
/oi iaeioi?ua ec ieo niaea?aeao iaiae ia oi, /oi ono?aiythuea ioaao-
noaaiiinoue ianoiyoaeuenoaa (iai?eia?, ia?a/eneyaiua a no. 145, 146
OAEAe noeoeeiua aaaenoaey, cai?auaiey iia?ocee eiiiaoaioiuie i?-
aaiaie eee oiiiyiooua a i. 40 Iieiaeaiey i ii?yaeea caeeth/aiey e
eniieiaiey aeiaiai?ia eiio?aeoaoeee noeoeeiua aaaenoaey, aeia ecai-
oiaeoaey) eae au aiai?yo ia ionoonoaee aeiu aeieaeieea. Oai ia iaiaa
yoe ?aoaiey iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiu e eneaaeatho iinooeao: ioaa/aao oieueei
aeiiaiue. A Oicyenoaaiiii eiaeaena neaaeiaaei au cae?aieoue aai aac-
iaiai?i/ii, eae niioaaonoaothuee i?eioeeio caeiiiinoe.
A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo aeaenoaoao ii?iaa?aeeiay i?acoi-
ioeey aeiu ia?ooeoaey eeai “iaee/ey iniiaaiee aeey aai ioaaono-
aaiiinoe. Yoi neaaeoao ec no. 71 Iniia a?aaeaeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noaa, ec ii?i, ?aaoee?othueo ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii ioaeaeueiui oicye-
noaaiiui aeiaiai?ai (*2). Iaeiaei iacaaiiua i?aaeea i?eiaiythony
oieueei a ioiioaiee iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa. Ia-
iaoiaeeii ?ani?ino?aieoue eo ia ana neo/ae ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Naeaeaoue
yoi oeaeaniia?acii oaeaea a Oicyenoaaiiii eiaeaena.
(**1) Ni.: I. 40 Iieiaeaiey i ii?yaeea caeeth/aiey e eniieiaiey aeiaiai?ia eiio?aeoa-
oeee naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiia i?eeacii Ainaa?ii?iia NNN?
io 15ai?aey 1987a. ?300. Niaeaniaaii n Ieioeiii NNN?, Ieithnoii NNN?, Aa?-
oiaiui Noaeii NNN? e Aina?aeo?aaeai NNN?. – AIA, 1988, ? 2, n. 25.
(**2) Ni.:Eino?oenoeaiua oeacaiey Aina?aeo?aaea NNN? io 6 ieoya?y 1969 aiaea ? E-1-33.
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Aeeyao ee oi?ia e noaiaiue aeiu ia ?acia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe?
Eeoue a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo caeiiiaeaoaeue onoaiaaeeaaao oaeoth ca-
aeneiinoue (*1). Aa i?iyaeaieai yaeyaony e i?aaeei no. 71 Iniia a?aae-
aeaineiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia oiaiueoaiee ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeieae-
ieea i?e iaee/ee oaeaea e iaaeieaeiiai iiaaaeaiey e?aaeeoi?a (oae
iacuaaaiay niaoaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue noi?ii). Neaaeoao niaeaneoue-
ny n I.N. Iaeaeiui, /oi aaee/eio ioaaonoaaiiinoe oeaeaniia?acii
niecia?youe n oai, oiuoeaiii eee ii iainoi?iaeiinoe niaa?oaii
ia?ooaiea, a?oaay eee eaaeay noaiaiue iainoi?iaeiinoe eiaea ianoi
a eiie?aoiii neo/aa (*2). Oaeia i?aaeei aeieaeii auoue aeeth/aii a
iauea iieiaeaiey Oicyenoaaiiiai eiaeaena.
5. ?aaeecaoeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe
1. Aii?in i ?aaeecaoeee ioaaonoaaiiinoe – yoi aii?in i iaoa-
iecia i?eaaaeaiey a aeaenoaea ii?i, onoaiaaeeaathueo ioaaonoaai-
iinoue. Caeanue aeieaeia auoue io?aaeaia oaeaea noaeueaa acuneaiiuo e
iieo/aiiuo noii, oi anoue, ia eaeea n?aaenoaa aeieaeii auoue ia?auaii
acuneaiea e a eaeie i/a?aaeiinoe (aei eee iinea iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey)
aeieaeiu ioiineoueny ia i?eaueue acuneaiiua noiiu.
Aeaei a oii, /oi yoe aniaeou ii-?aciiio auaeyaeyo a ioiioaieyo
n o/anoeai a?aaeaeai e i?aaiecaoeee. A ?aoaiee oaeeo aii?inia a
noa?a a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe acuneaiea aiciiaeii
eeoue aeaoiy iooyie: aeia?iaieueii e /a?ac noae (eiiaaea iioa?eaeueiui
iooai a i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii neo/ayo). Ca eneeth/aieai ia-
eioi?uo aa?aioee i?e acuneaieyo (*3) aeey i?eaaaeaiey a aeaenoaea io-
aaonoaaiiinoe ia eiaao i?eioeeieaeueiiai cia/aiey, ca n/ao eaeeo
aeaeia eiouanoaa a?aaeaeaieia iie aoaeoo inouanoaeaiu.
A oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo i?eaaaeaiea a aeaenoaea ii?i ia
ioaaonoaaiiinoe eiaao ?acee/iua ?aoaiey. A iaeieo neooaoeeyo ca-
eiiiaeaoaeue aeiioneaao aacaeoeaioiia nienaiea n?aaenoa aieae acunea-
oaey. A ae?oaeo – canoaaeyao i?eaaaaoue e i?aoaiceiiiiio e eneiaiio
ii?yaeeo.
Iai?aaeaiea acuneaiiuo e iieo/aiiuo noii oaeaea ii-?aciiio
no?ieeinue a ?acee/iua ia?eiaeu. Nouanoaiaaaoee aeieaia a?aiy
(**1) Ni., iai?eia?, no. 151 OAEAe NNN? i aeaieiii ?acia?a ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca a?oc,
eniieueciaaiiue aeaeaciie aei?iaie aeey naieo ioaeae. A naia a?aiy e iinoaiiaeaiee
Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 27 ieoya?y 1967 a. auei i?aaeoniio?aii iiauoaiea ioaao-
noaaiiinoe ca a?oaia ia?ooaiea oneiaee aeiaiai?a e. iai?ioea, iiieaeaiea a eneeth-
/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo. – NI. 1967, ? 26. no. 186.
(**2) I.N. Iaeaei. Eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
N. 154-155.
(**3) Noaouee 368-369 AIE ?NON?, I?eeiaeaiea ? 1 e AIE ?NON?.
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ii?yaeie ia?auaiey acuneaiee ia aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa i?aaiecaoeee
aiiaua i?eaae e oiio, /oi acuneeaaaiua noiiu ioiineeenue ia
naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee e ?aaeeciaaeenue aianoa n iath aac eaeiai-
eeai iaeacaiey ia?ooeoaey. Iineaaeiaaaoaa a oiaea ?aoi?iu 1965 a.
oeacaiea ia ioianaiee acuneaiiuo oauoeia, oo?aoia e iaie ia
?acoeueoaou oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe (*1) iicaieeei i?iaeaeiooueny
aia?aae a aeaea niaa?oainoaiaaiey iaoaiecia ioaaonoaaiiinoe, oae
eae i?aaei?eyoey noaee ioaa/aoue ca ia?ooaiea naiae i?eaueueth.
Iaeiaei yoi ia i?eaaei e iiauoaieth yooaeoeaiinoe ioaaonoaai-
iinoe, oae eae a ?aaeueiie aeecie o?aaiaaiey ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe
cayaeyeenue a iacia/eoaeueiii /enea neo/aaa. Yoi iauyniyeinue iaca-
eioa?aniaaiiinoueth acuneaoaeae e ioaao/eeia, aeaenoaiaaaoeo ia
aaca aaeeiie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe (acuneaiiua iaonoieee a aieue-
oeinoaa naiai iai?aaeyeenue a athaeaeao), e iaaeaeaieai ii?oeoue
ioiioaiey n eiio?aaaioaie. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi acuneaoaee
iinoe, a ia i?aaa e?aaeeoi?ia ia acuneaiea, ianiio?y ia oi, /oi a
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa iiyaeyeenue ii?iu ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca iai?e-
iaiaiea ia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe (*2), iieiaeaiea aeae nouanoaaiii ia ia-
iyeinue (*3). Eiouanoaaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue eiio?aaaioia a nouiinoe
auiieiyea a naiii iauai aeaea oieueei ooieoeeth neaiaeecaoeee i
ia?ooaieyo, a ?aaeueiiai aicaeaenoaey ia noauaeoia ia ieacuaaea.
I?e ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iiio oicyenoao ioiaee iiiaea oaeoi?u,
aeeyaoea ia iaoaieci ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Iia noaea einoeoooii,
iaania/eaathuei i?aaeaea anaai eiiiainaoeeiiioth ooieoeeth, e oae
caoai n?aaenoaii i?aaeoi?aaeeoaeueii-ainieoaoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a. Yoi
anoanoaaiiia iacia/aiea aa e iaoneiaeei ono?aiaiea eiuo i?oaeei
aa i?eiaiaiey, e?iia eae a caueoo nianoaaiiiai yeiiiie/aneiai
eioa?ana.
A iaoaiecia ?aaeecaoeee ioaaonoaaiiinoe oaea ia noieo aii?in i
oii, acuneeaaoue eee ia acuneeaaoue eiouanoaaiiua naieoeee n eii-
o?aaaioa. Yoi aeaei acuneaoaey. Nouanoaaiiui yaeyaony eeoue th?e-
aeeei-oaoie/aneee aii?in: ia eaeoth /anoue i?eauee aeieaeii auoue
ia?auaii acuneaiea – ia i?eaueue aei aa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey eee ia
i?eaueue, inoathuothny a ?anii?yaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey (i?aaei?eieia-
oaey). Caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eiaiyao caeanue aeaa iiaeoiaea. Ii o?aaiaaieyi
(**1) Ni.: I. 10 iinoaiiaeaiey OeE EINN e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 4 ieoya?y 1965 a.
? 729 .
(**4) Iaaei neacaoue, /oi a AE ?NON? anoue e aua iaeei ii?yaeie i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee,
ioee/iue io oeacaiiuo, eanathueeny ioiioaiee ii eoiea-i?iaeaaea (ni.: no. 247-249
AE ?NON?)
!!268
eecaoeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ainoaea?noaa (a eeoea niioaaonoaothueo i?-
aaiia, aeiionoeaoeo ia?ooaiea i?aa i?aaei?eyoey) ia o?aaoao ni-
aethaeaiey i?aoaiceiiiiai ii?yaeea (no. 2 A?aeo?aaeii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai eiaeaena ?O).
?aaeecaoeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe a oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiuo
iaycaoaeuenoaao iieo/eea iaeioi?oth iniiao a no. 22 A?aeo?aaeii-
i?ioeannoaeueiiai eiaeaena ?O. Iaeiaei, iiiyoii, /oi i?ioeannoaeue-
iuo oeacaiee AIE ?O iaaeinoaoi/ii aeey ?aoaiey anao aii?inia
ioaaonoaaiiinoe. A oneiaeyo ionoonoaey eaaaeueiiai i?eciaiey
?aaeiiia noauaeoaie i?aaa aiiaua o?oaeii iino?ieoue oaeiaeaoai-
?eoaeueioth eiino?oeoeeth ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Eeoue i?e iineaaeiaa-
oaeueiii ?aoaiee yoiai aii?ina a Oicyenoaaiiii eiaeaena iiaeii
ii?aaeaeeoue aa noauaeoia, iniiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe, ii?yaeie ?a-
aeecaoeee, oa eiouanoaaiiua oiiaeu, eioi?ua iiaoo noaoue aae?anii
ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. *oi oaeia naieoeey e ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo
ioiioaieyo? Eae iie niioiinyony?
2. Eaeea naieoeee i?eiayiythony a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo?
Eae ?acee/athony ia?u ioaaonoaaiiinoe?
3. A /ai ioee/ea yeiiiie/aneie ioaaonoaaiiinoe io ioaao-
noaaiiinoe ia?aae eiio?aaaioii e ia?aae ainoaea?noaii?
4. Iaciaeoa iniiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo io-
iioaieyo. A /ai iniaaiiinoe ninoaaa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaiia-
?ooaiey?
5. Eae ?aaeecoaony ioaaonoaaiiinoue a oicyenoaaiiuo ioii-
aoaieyo? Eaeiau iniaaiiinoe ioianaiey ia i?eaueue ioaaono-
aaiiinoe ia?aae eiio?aaaioii e ia?aae ainoaea?noaii?
6. Eaeia ii?yaeie acuneaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe?
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Oaia XI. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?anniio?aiey
oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia
1. Nouiinoue oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia a oneiaeyo ?uiea
1. A oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo cia/eoaeueii eciaieeanue nouiinoue
oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia. ?aiaa i?e/eiu aicieeiiaaiee nii?ia eaaeaee
a noa?a ?acee/ii iiieiaaiuo noauaeoaie eioa?ania i?e onoaiiaeaiee,
auiieiaiee onoaiiaeaiiuo caaeaiee. Iiaoaeeoaeueiui iioeaii e auya-
eaieth iniauo eioa?ania caeanue yaeyeinue no?aieaiea e iieo/aieth au-
aiaeiiai caaeaiey e iaeeo/oeo oneiaee aeey aai auiieiaiey. Eiioeeeoiua
neooaoeee aicieeaee oiaaea a ?aieao aaeeinoaa oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe,
aaeeinoaa ieaiiaiai ?oeiaiaenoaa yeiiiieeie e ia iineee oa?aeoa?a
noieeiiaaiey /anoiuo eioa?ania eiieo?e?othueo ia ?uiea noauaeoia.
Aaeeinoai ainoaea?noaaiiie oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe, ieaiiaie nenoaiu
oicyenoaiaaiey eae au oia?yei neeo i?ioeai?a/ee iaaeaeo aini?aaei?e-
yoeyie. Iniai eiioeeeoiuie auee neooaoeee, aicieeaaoea i?e ia?o-
oaiee noi?iiaie iaycaoaeuenoaa, /oi, anoanoaaiii, aeeyei ia iieiaeaiea
eiio?aaaioa. Ii aeaaea a yoeo neooaoeeyo nii?u aicaoaeaeaeenue a iiaeaa-
eythuai aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa ia i acuneaiee ?aaeueiuo oauoeia, a i
iieo/aiee oae iacuaaaiuo caeiiiuo iaonoiae, aeaaaaoeo aiciiaeiinoue
naaeaine?iaaoue iieo/aiiua e oiea/aiiua naieoeee. A neeo oi?iaee-
caoeee ioiioaiee o/anoieeia, i?aaenoaaeyaoeo iaeiiai e oiai aea niano-
aaiieea, nii?u ai iiiaii aicaoaeaeaeenue iaioioii, iineee oi?iaeueiue
oa?aeoa?. Nenoaia ia?aciaaiey oiiaeia noeioee?iaaiey ai iiiaii ia
io?aaeaea aeeyiey oiea/aiiuo (aea e iieo/aiiuo!) naieoeee ia ia?a-
ciaaiea iiiu?eoaeueiuo oiiaeia, a ainoaea?noaaiiay iiaeaea?aeea oo?a-
oeaoeo iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoee, ionoonoaea oa?icu aaie?ionoaa
oaeaea nieaeaee caeioa?aniaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoee e aicaoaeaeaieth nii?ia.
Aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee nouiinoe nii?ia i caueoa oic?an/aoiiai ei-
oa?ana aanueia i?eia/aoaeueii, /oi o/anoieee oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioa-
iee ia auee icaai/aiu ?ac?aaioeie a aeiaiai?ao acaeiiie eiouano-
aaiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, oiiaay ia ?anienaiiua a ?acee/iiai ?iaea
ii?iaoeaiuo aeoao caeiiiua iaonoieee. E i?eiaiaieth ia? ioaao-
noaaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey ia?aaeei iiioaeaeaeenue ?acee/iuie onoaiia-
eaie e aee?aeoeaaie (*1). Nai ii?yaeie i?eaea/aiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe
(**1) Oa?aeoa?iui auei oi, /oi o?aaiaaiee 1) acuneaiee iaonoiae e oo?aoia ca ia?ooaiey
iaycaoaeuenoa ie iinoaaeai i?aaeuyaeyeenue a iacia/eoaeueiie /anoe io /enea aeiiouaiiuo
ia?ooaiee (a i?aaeaeao aei 7-10%). Ni.: Io/eineee A. Yooaeoeaiinoue i?eiaiaiey i?a-
aiauo n?aaenoa i?aaiaie a?aeo?aaea. Niaaoneiy thnoeoeey. 1977, ? 15, n. 15.
!!270
(iai?eia?, iooai ia?auaiey e auoanoiyuaio i?aaio ioaao/eea),
oe?ieia i?eiaiaiea aiienoe?iaaiey i?aaeoaeuenoaii io?aneae e
a?oii i?aaei?eyoee, enoiaey ec neooaoeee, neeaaeuaaaoaeny ia ioaeaeueiuo
o/anoeao oicyenoaiaaiey, naeaeaoaeuenoaiaae i oii, /oi eioa?an enooeia
ia n/eoaeny iauanoaaiii-cia/eiui, ia i?eieiaeny a ?an/ao.
2. Aeey nii?ia, ?ani?ino?aiaiiuo a oneiaeyo aaeieieno?aoeaii-
eiiaiaeiie yeiiiieee, naiaia?aciui yaeaieai auee oae iacuaaaiua
i?aaeaeiaiai?iua nii?u, oi anoue nii?u i caeeth/aiee ieaiiauo aeiai-
ai?ia e eo oneiaeyo. Nii?u i iiioaeaeaiee caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia
ia oneiaeyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo iaycaoaeueiui aeey noi?ii ieaiiaui
caaeaieai, au?aaeaee nooue niioiioaiey ieaia e aeiaiai?a. Aeiaiai?
aeieaeai aue niioaaonoaiaaoue ieaiiaiio caaeaieth (no. 159 AE
?NON?). N?aaee ooieoeee oicyenoaaiiiai aeiaiai?a ia ia?aii ianoa
anaaaea aunooiaea ooieoeey aeaoaeecaoeee e eiie?aoecaoeee ieaiiaiai
caaeaiey. A eo oiaea aicieeaee oaeiai ?iaea nii?u, eioi?ua a oneiaeyo
naiaiaeu aeiaiai?a aicieeiooue ia iiaoo, anee oieueei ia yoio n/ao iao
niaoeeaeueiiai oeacaiey caeiia eee niaeaney naieo noi?ii ia ?an-
niio?aiea a noaea iiaeiaiuo nii?ia. I?aaeaeiaiai?iua nii?u caieiaee
cia/eoaeueiia ianoi a i?aeoeea Ainoaea?noaaiiiai a?aeo?aaea, eioi-
?ue a ea/anoaa i?aaia oi?aaeaiey i?eieiae ?aoaiea i oii, eae
aeieaeiu auoue iino?iaiu ioiioaiey noi?ii noi/ee c?aiey iioeiaeueii
au?aaeaiiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo eioa?ania.
3. I?e ia?aoiaea e ?uieo, o/anoee a oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
?acee/iuo noauaeoia, aeaenoaothueo ia aaca ?aciuo oi?i niano-
aaiiinoe, aicieeiiaaiea nii?ia naycaii n caueoie /anoiiai (aa-
oiiiiiiai) eioa?ana. Aiieiuaiiia a aeiaiai?a no?aieaiea eiio-
?aaaioia iieo/eoue io ia?oia?a oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae) iaaeeaaea-
uaai ea/anoaa e a iaoneiaeaiiua n?iee io?aaeaao ii?iaeueiua
o?aaiaaiey i?aaei?eieiaoaey, o/anoaothuaai a iai?ioa n oeaeueth
?aaeecaoeee naiaai oiaa?a e iieo/aiey i?eauee. Iaiaaeeaaeauaa
eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa eiio?aaaioii aeaeaao aeey iaai iaaiciiae-
iui ?aoaiea nianoaaiiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneeo caaea/. Iiyoiio
aicaoaeaeaiea nii?ia i caueoa naieo eioa?ania neoaeeo ?aoaieth
caaea/e iieo/aiey i?eauee (eee, eae ieieioi, aiciauaiey oauo-
eia) ca n/ao noauaeoia, ia?ooeaoeo caeiiu ?uii/iiai acaeii-
aeaenoaey.
Yoe nii?u oaea ia eiatho iaiin?aaenoaaiii au?aaeaiiiai ioaee/-
iiai eioa?ana. Ainoaea?noao e iauanoao a i?eioeeia ia aaaeii, aoaeoo
ee noi?iiu aicaoaeaeaoue nii?, o?aaiaaoue ioaaonoaaiiinoe ae?oa io
ae?oaa eee iiaanyo eiioeeeo eaeei-eeai eiui niiniaii. Ainoaea?noao
e iauanoao aaaeii eeoue, /oiau ii cayaeaiiiio o?aaiaaieth auei
inouanoaeaii i?aainoaeea, /oiau ?uii/iua ioiioaiey auee iaaeaaeii
ia?aaeaeaiu caeiiii e i?aaue a nii?a iieo/ee o?aaoaioth caueoo.
Aeey ?aoaiey oaeeo caaea/ ioiaaeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue a ainoaea?noaaiiii
!!271
a?aeo?aaea, eae i?aaia ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey. *anoiuie ei-
oa?anaie oi?aaeyoue iaeuecy. Aeey ?ac?aoaiey eiioeeeoia iaaeaeo
o/anoieeaie ?uii/iie yeiiiieee iaiaoiaeei i?aai i?aainoaeey.
Aio ii/aio a oiaea ?aoi?i auei oi?acaeiaii ainoaea?noaaiiia
a?aeo?e?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia, aue nicaeai niaoeeaeueiue
i?aai i?aainoaeey – A?aeo?aaeiue noae, a aeayoaeueiinoue aai auea
iaea/aia a i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io, i?enouoth i?aaiai i?aainoaeey.
2. Nenoaia aeoia, ?aaoee?othueo ?anniio?aiea
oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia, eo ianoi a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa
1. A oiaea ?aoi?iu iiaeaa?aeinue iaiiaeaieth ana caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai
i ?anniio?aiee oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia. 4 ethey 1991 aiaea aue i?eiyo
Caeii ?NON?
A?aeo?aaeiue noae inouanoaeyao noaeaaioth aeanoue i?e ?ac?aoaiee
nii?ia, aicieeathueo a i?ioeanna i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiin-
oe. Yoio caeii ii?aaeaeee caaea/e e iniiaiua i?eioeeiu aeayoaeueiinoe
a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea, i/a?oee iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoue a?aeo?aaeiiio noaeo
yeiiiie/aneeo nii?ia e nii?ia a noa?a oi?aaeaiey, ii?aaeaeee
nenoaio a?aeo?aaeiuo noaeia, ii?yaeie eo eca?aiey, ninoaa a?aeo-
?aaeiiai noaea, i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe noaeae, eo ainoaea?noaaiii-i?a-
aiaie noaoon.
5 ia?oa 1992 aiaea i?eiyo A?aeo?aaeii-i?ioeannoaeueiue eiaeaen
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (*2), onoaiiaeaoee ii?yaeie ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia,
aicieeathueo a oiaea inouanoaeaiey i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeue-
iinoe.
24 ethiy 1992 aiaea iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O ooaa?-
aeaeaii Iieiaeaiea i i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia (*3),
a eioi?ii cae?aieaiu ii?yaeie aeinoaeaaiiai o?aaoee?iaaiey yeiiiie-
/aneeo nii?ia. Yoi Iieiaeaiea i?eiaiyaony, anee eiia ia onoaiiaeaii
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, aeaenoaothuei ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?a-
oeee. Oaeia oeacaiea Iieiaeaiey icia/aao, /oi aeey ?yaea oicyenoaaiiuo
nii?ia nio?aiyaony, a /anoiinoe, iniaue ii?yaeie o?aaoee?iaaiey
nii?ia, i?aaeoniio?aiiue o?ainii?oiuie Onoaaaie e Eiaeaenaie (*4).
7 ethey 1993 aiaea i?eiyo Caeii , a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui a iaaeaeoia?iaeiue eiiia?-
(**1) AAN, 1991, ? 30, no. 1014.
(**2) AAN. 1992, ? 16. no. 836.
(**3) AAN, 1992, ?30, no. 1791.
(**4) Ni.: Iinoaiiaeaiea Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ia?oa 1993 a. . – AAN, 1993, ? It. no. 393.
(**5) AAN, 1993. ? 32, no. 1240.
!!272
/aneee a?aeo?aae iiaoo ia?aaeaaaoueny ii niaeaoaieth noi?ii nii?u
ec aeiaiai?ia e ae?oaeo i?aaiioiioaiee, aicieeathueo i?e inouan-
oaeaiee aiaoiaoi?aiauo e eiuo aeaeia iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo yeiiiie-
/aneeo naycae, anee eiiia?/aneia i?aaei?eyoea oioy au iaeiie ec
noi?ii iaoiaeeony ca a?aieoeae, a oaeaea nii?u iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeyie
n eiino?aiiuie eiaanoeoeeyie e iaaeaeoia?iaeiuie iauaaeeiaieyie
e i?aaiecaoeeyie, nicaeaiiuie ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee,
iaaeaeo niaie nii?u iaaeaeo eo o/anoieeaie, a ?aaii eo nii?u n
ae?oaeie noauaeoaie i?aaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
24 ethiy 1992 aiaea iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee ooaa?aeaeaii A?aiaiiia iieiaeaiea i o?aoaeneii noaea aeey
?ac?aoaiey yeiiiie/aneeo nii?ia (*1), a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui ino-
uanoaeyaony ?anniio?aiea yeiiiie/aneeo nii?ia, iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiuo
a?aeo?aaeiui noaeai, ii ia?aaeaiiui ii niaeaoaieth noi?ii ia ?ac-
?aoaiea o?aoaeneiai noaea.
Oicyenoaaiiua nii?u ?anniao?eaathony ii i?aaeeai i o?aoaeneii
?acae?aoaeuenoaa a niioaaonoaee n iacaaiiui Iieiaeaieai e a oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea iinoiyiii aeaenoaothuea o?aoaeneea noaeu nicaeathony
i?aaei?eyoeyie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaiecaoeeyie, a oii /enea e ia
iniiaaiee caeiia, aeiioneathuaai oaeoth aiciiaeiinoue. Iai?eia?, a
niioaaonoaee ni no. 30 Caeiia ?O nii?u, naycaiiua n caeeth/aieai ae?aeaauo naeaeie, ?an-
niao?eaathony a ae?aeaaie a?aeo?aaeiie eiiennee, eioi?ay nicaeaaony
eae i?aai, inouanoaeythuee i?eie?aiea noi?ii eee auiieiythuee
eiua ooieoeee o?aoaeneiai noaea. Yoi icia/aao, /oi aeaiiay a?aeo-
?aaeiay eiienney aeaenoaoao i?eiaieoaeueii e Iieiaeaieth i o?aoae-
neii noaea e ia yaeyaony naiinoiyoaeueiui th?enaeeeoeeiiiui i?aaiii,
oioy ii?yaeie i?aaiecaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe e ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia ii?a-
aeaeyaony i?aaeeaie ae?aee, nicaeathuae ae?aeaaoth a?aeo?aaeioth ei-
ienneth (*2).
3. Ii?yaeie o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia
ia iniiaa i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee
1. I?aoaiceiiiue ii?yaeie nio?aiee naia cia/aiea a ea/anoaa: a)
aiciiaeiinoe naieo noi?ii i?eiyoue ?aoaiea, i?eie?ythuaa eioa?anu
noi?ii; a) aiciiaeiinoe ?ac?aoeoue eiioeeeo ia iniiaa auaeaeioouo
noi?iiaie i?aaeeiaeaiee; a) onoaiiaeaiey i?eioeeieaeueiuo ?aciia-
eanee, iiaeeaaeaueo ?ac?aoaieth th?enaeeeoeeiiiiai i?aaia.
(**1) AAN, 1992, ?30, no. 1790.
(**2) Ni.: No. 3 A?aiaiiiai iieiaeaiey i o?aoaeneei noaea aeey ?ac?aoaiey yeiiiie/an-
eeo nii?ia.
3. I?aoaiceiiiue ii?yaeie 273
Niune i?aoaiceiiiiai ii?yaeea anaaaea aue naycai n aiciiaeiinoueth
t ai?ie naiei i?eiyoue ?aoaiea, iaania/eaathuaa eiii?iienn. I?e
aai ionoonoaee i?aoaiceiiiue ii?yaeie icia/ae onoaiiaeaiea no-
uanoaa nii?a, oi?ioee?iaaiea noi?iiaie aii?inia, eioi?ua ia
iiaoo auoue o?aaoee?iaaiu eee iaiin?aaenoaaiii ioaeaeathony a ?aoa-
iee th?enaeeeoeeiiiui i?aaiii.
A yoii niunea Iieiaeaiea i i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea o?aaoee?i-
aaiey nii?ia onoaiaaeeaaao ii?yaeie ?ac?aoaiey yeiiiie/aneeo
nii?ia, ii?aaeaeyao, eae aeieaeiu i?aaeuyaeyoueny e iai?aaeyoueny eii-
o?aaaioai i?aoaicee, a eaeea n?iee aeieaeii neaaeiaaoue eo ?anniio-
?aiea, eaeeie i?aaiauie iineaaenoaeyie nii?iaiaeaeaaony i?eciaiea
e ioeeiiaiea i?aoaicee.
2. Iieiaeaiea i i?aoaiceiiiii ii?yaeea o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia
io 24 ethiy 1992 a. oa?aeoa?ii oai, /oi iii ia onoaiaaeeaaao
n?ieia i?aaeuyaeaiey i?aoaicee. A ?aiaa aeaenoaiaaaoeo aeoao yoi
auei iaiaoiaeeiui ao?eaooii ii?yaeea ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia. N/e-
oaeinue iaiaoiaeeiui niaethaeaoue n?iee cayaeaiey i?aoaicee eiio-
?aaaioo. Yoe n?iee aieaa ia onoaiaaeeaathony. Naie noi?iiu aei-
eaeiu niia?aciauaaoue naie aiciiaeiinoe n o/aoii n?ieia eneiaie
aeaaiinoe. Cayaeaiiia a i?aaeaeao n?ieia eneiaie aeaaiinoe n/eoaaony
eaaeoeiiui e aeieaeii auoue ?anniio?aii ioaao/eeii. Aeaenoaotho
oieueei n?iee ?anniio?aiey i?aoaicee. A nayce n oai, /oi n?iee
cayaeaiey i?aoaicee ia onoaiaaeeaathony, aicieeaao aii?in i iin-
eaaenoaeyo cayaeaiey i?aoaicee iinea enoa/aiey n?ieia eneiaie
aeaaiinoe. Eaeiau iie? E niaeaeaieth, caeiiiaeaoaeue ia aeae ia nae
n/ao ii?aaeaeaiiiai ioaaoa. I/aaeaeii, neaaeoao enoiaeeoue ec oiai,
/oi i?iione n?ieia a aeaiiii neo/aa iiaaoaao iaoa?eaeueii-i?a-
aiaia o?aaiaaiea i caueoa i?aaa, oae eae iaeiia?aiaiii enoaeatho
e n?iee aeaaiinoe. Iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi i?aoaicey, iiaeaiiay
ca i?aaeaeaie n?iea eneiaie aeaaiinoe, ia iiaeeaaeao ?anniio?aieth,
a ene a th?enaeeeoeeiiiue i?aai ia iiaeao i?eieiaoueny e ?anniio-
?aieth, oi anoue o enooea oo?a/eaaaony i?aai ia ene, eae a iaoa?e-
aeueiii, oae e i?ioeannoaeueiii niunea (ni. no. 104 i. 4 AIE ?O).
3. Cayaeaiiay iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii i?aoaicey aeieaeia auoue
?anniio?aia a 30-aeiaaiue n?ie ni aeiy aa iieo/aiey, anee eiie
n?ie ia onoaiiaeai niaeaoaieai noi?ii, iaaeaeoia?iaeiuie aeiai-
ai?aie, a oaeaea eiio?aeoaie n eiino?aiiuie oe?iaie. Ioaao ia
i?aoaiceth aeaaony a ienueiaiiie oi?ia. A iai oeacuaaaony (i?e
iieiii eee /anoe/iii oaeiaeaoai?aiee i?aoaicee) i?eciaiiay
noiia, iiia? e aeaoa ieaoaaeiiai ii?o/aiey ia ia?a/eneaiea yoie
noiiu eee n?ie e niinia oaeiaeaoai?aiey i?aoaicee, anee iia ia
iiaeeaaeeo aeaiaaeiie ioeaiea. I?e ioeaca a oaeiaeaoai?aiee i?aoai-
cee (iieiii eee /anoe/iii) niiauathony iioeau ioeaca ni nnueeie
ia niioaaonoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai e aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iainii-
!!274
auaathuea ioeac; ia?a/aiue i?eeaaaaiuo e ioaaoo ia i?aoaiceth
aeieoiaioia, ae?oaeo aeieacaoaeuenoa.
I?e oaeiaeaoai?aiee i?aoaicee, iiaeeaaeauae aeaiaaeiie ioeai-
ea, e ioaaoo ia i?aoaiceth i?eeaaaaony ii?o/aiea aaieo ia ia-
?a/eneaiea aeaiaa n ioiaoeie ia eniieiaiee (i?eiyoee e eniie-
iaieth).
A neo/ayo iieiiai eee /anoe/iiai ioeaca a oaeiaeaoai?aiee
i?aoaicee cayaeoaeth aeieaeiu auoue aica?auaiu iiaeeeiiua aeieo-
iaiou, eioi?ua auee i?eeiaeaiu e i?aoaicee, a oaeaea iai?aaeaiu
aeieoiaiou, iainiiauaathuea ioeac, anee eo iao o cayaeoaey i?a-
oaicee.
Anee i?aoaicey i?eciaaony, ii i?e yoii ia niiauaaony i ia?a-
/eneaiee i?eciaiiie noiiu e e ioaaoo ia i?eeaaaaony ii?o/aiea
aaieo n ioiaoeie ia eniieiaiee (i?eiyoee e eniieiaieth), cayaeoaeue
i?aoaicee ai?aaa ii enoa/aiee 20 aeiae iinea iieo/aiey ioaaoa
i?aaeuyaeoue a aaie ii?o/aiea ia nienaiea a aannii?iii ii?yaeea
i?eciaiiie aeieaeieeii noiiu n ia/eneaieai a neo/ayo, onoaiia-
eaiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, iaie ca i?in?i/eo ieaoaaea. E ii?o/aieth
i?eeaaaaony ioaao aeieaeieea.
4. Eiie ii?yaeie i?aaeuyaeaiey e ?anniio?aiey i?aoaicee onoa-
iaaeeaaaony aeey o?ainii?oiuo ioiioaiee. O?ainii?oiua onoaau
e eiaeaenu, nio?aiythuea naia aeaenoaea (*1) a nenoaia ii?i oicyenoaai-
iiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, niaea?aeao iniaua i?aaeea. A ieo onoaiiaeaiu
niaoeeaeueiua n?iee aeey i?aaeuyaeaiey e ?anniio?aiey i?aoaicee e
ia?aaic/eeo (*2), a oaeaea n?iee eneiaie aeaaiinoe ii o?ainii?oiui
ioiioaieyi.
Ia iiaeaiiay a n?ie i?aoaicey iiaeao ia ?anniao?eaaoueny ia?a-
aic/eeii. Neaaeiaaoaeueii ia iiaeao auoue i?aaeuyaeai e ene a a?aeo-
?aaeiue noae. N?ie aeey cayaeaiey i?aoaicee eiaao i?anaeaoaeueiue
oa?aeoa?, oi anoue iiaaoaao aiciiaeiinoue caueou i?aaa. Oeacaiiua
i?aaeea nicaeatho eueaioiue ?aaeei aeey ia?aaic/eeia, ia aiai?y oaea
i i?aaeaeueii ei?ioeii n?iea eneiaie aeaaiinoe (aeaa ianyoea) aeey
o?aaiaaiee e iei. I/aaeaeii, /oi a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo yoi
ia?aaiii?aaea aeieaeii auoue ono?aiaii.
O?ainii?oiua onoaau e eiaeaenu onoaiaaeeaatho e niaoeeaeueiua
* i?aaeea i ia/aea oa/aiey eneiaie aeaaiinoe. Caeanue iie naycuaathony
ia n iiiaioii ia?ooaiey i?aaa, eae ai anao inoaeueiuo ioiioaieyo,
a n iiiaioa iieo/aiey ioaaoa ia ioeeiiaiee i?aoaicee eee enoa-
/aiey n?iea, onoaiiaeaiiiai aeey aa ?anniio?aiey.
(**1) Ni.: Iinoaiiaeaiea Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 3 ia?oa 1993 a.
4. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii 1. ?ac?aoaiea nii?ia a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea ?aaeaiaioe?iaaii A?- aeo?aaeiui i?ioeannoaeueiui eiaeaenii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. A ?aieao ianoiyuaai eo?na, i/aaeaeii, iao aiciiaeiinoe e iaiaoiaee- iinoe ?anniao?eaaoue ana noi?iiu a?aeo?aaeiiai i?ioeanna. A yoeo oeaeyo a aocao aaaaeaiu niaoeeaeueiua eo?nu, aaea iiae?iaii eco/athony i?aaeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii. Iiyoiio iu ?anniio?ei caeanue iauea aii?inu, oa?aeoa?ecothuea oa iiaua /a?ou ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia a?aeo?aaeiuie noaeaie a n?aaiaiee n oai iaaeaa- iei i?ioeui, eiaaea oaeea nii?u ?ac?aoaeenue i?aaiaie ainoaea?no- aaiiiai a?aeo?aaea. 2. Ia?aoiae e ?uii/iie yeiiiieea i?aaeii?aaeaeyao i?eioeeie- aeueii iiaua oi?iu ?ac?aoaiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia. Caueoa /anoiuo (aaoiiiiiuo) i?aa e eioa?ania ia iiaeao aieaa inouan- oaeyoueny ia aaca i?eioeeiia, eioi?uie ?oeiaiaenoaiaaeny ainoaea?- noaaiiue a?aeo?aae, a /anoiinoe, th?enaeeeoeeiiiue i?aai ia iiaeao aieaa aeaenoaiaaoue a ea/anoaa i?aaia ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey, auoiaeeoue ca i?aaeaeu eneiauo o?aaiaaiee aeey caueou iauaaino- aea?noaaiiuo eioa?ania, oaaee/eaaoue ioaaonoaaiiinoue noi?ii a n?aa- iaiee n o?aaoaiie noi?iiaie, ia?auaoue a aeioiae athaeaeaoa iaonoieee i?e oiouaieyo noi?ii (e?iia neo/aaa oeeiiaiey io niaa?oaiey aeaenoaee, aiceiaeaiiuo ia noi?iio noaeii, e iaaunueeo eno?aai- aaiiuo iaoa?eaeia - ni. no. 107 AIE ?O), aicaoaeaeaoue aeaea ii nianoaaiiie eieoeeaoeaa (*1). *anoiua (aaoiiiiiua) i?aaa e eioa?anu ?aaeecotho noauaeou, eioi?ui iie i?eiaaeeaaeao. Iiyoiio ?anniio- ?aiea nii?ia ?aoi?ie?iaaii a noi?iio inouanoaeaiey i?aainoaeey, a nai ainoaea?noaaiiue a?aeo?aae i?aa?auai caeiiiaeaoaeai a a?- aeo?aaeiue noae. Iiiaea /a?ou, naienoaaiiua ?anniio?aieth nii?ia a iau/iuo noaeao, aini?eiyou a AIE ?O. Ii nouanoao, yoi ?anniio?aiea ya- eyaony i?aainoaeeai oicyenoaaiiiai noaea, aeaenoaothuaai a noa?a yeiiiieee. Ia neo/aeii a ia?eiae iiaeaioiaee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ia a?aeo?aaeiii noaea aiineeenue i?aaeeiaeaiey i iaeiaiiaaiee aai oi- cyenoaaiiui noaeii. Caeiiiaeaoaeue ia aini?eiye yoeo i?aaeeiaeaiee ii oai niia?aaeaieyi, /oi iiaue noae nio?aiee iaeioi?ua /a?ou a?aeo?e?iaaiey nii?ia e ninoaaeyao niaoeeoe/aneoth nenoaio noaeaa- iuo i?aaiia, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey i?aainoaeey a noa?a i?aaei?eie- iaoaeuenoaa. I?eiyoea caeiia ia a?aeo?aaeiii noaea e AIE ?O (**1) Ni.: no. 79 I?aaee ?anniio?aiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia ainoaea?noaaiiuie a?aeo- ?aaeaie, ooaa?aeaeaaiua iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 5 ethiy 1980 a. - NI. 1988. ? 19-20, no. 59. !!276 caaa?oeei iino?iaiea i?ioeannoaeueiie io?anee i?aaa, aaeaeaaoiie iaoa?eaeueiiio oicyenoaaiiiio i?aao. 3. Eaeea aea i?eioeeieaeueii iiaua /a?ou eiaao naaiaeiy ?ac?a- oaiea oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea? I?aai ia ia?auaiea a a?aeo?aaeiue noae eiatho ia oieueei th?e- aee/aneea eeoea, i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e oi?aaeaiey, ii e a?aaeaeaia-i?aaei?eieiaoaee, iieo/eaoea yoio noaoon a onoaiiaeai- iii caeiiii ii?yaeea, a oaeaea o?oaeiaua eieeaeoeau i?aaei?eyoee (no. 2 AIE ?O). Yoi ?aoaiea caeiiiaeaoaey o/eouaaao iiyaeaiea a i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneii iai?ioa a?aaeaeaieia a iiaii aeey iaai ea- /anoaa, eae noauaeoa oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, i?eciaao i?aainoauae- oiinoue o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia. Noauaeoaie i?ioeanna yaeythony oaeaea e?ay, iaeanoe, ai?iaea, ?aeiiu, aaoiiiiiay iaeanoue, aaoiiiiiua ie?oaa, ?inneeneay Oa- aea?aoeey e ae?oaea ainoaea?noaa (ni. no. 22 AIE). ?ac?aoaiea nii?ia i?iecaiaeeony a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii eieeaae- aeueii, a ninoaaa o?ao noaeae (ca eneeth/aieyie, i?aaeoniio?aiiuie AIE ?O). Eieeaaeaeueiinoue ?anniio?aiey nii?ia i?ecaaia eneeth- /eoue noauaeoeaeci a oicyenoaaiiii i?aainoaeee, iaania/eoue aa?aioee caeiiiinoe noaeaaiiai ?aoaiey. Yoiio aea niinianoaoao aaaaeaiiia i?aaeei i naiiioaiaea e ioaiaea noaeae ii iioeaai ?iaenoaaiiuo naycae n o/anoieeaie aeaea e caeioa?aniaaiiinoe a aai enoiaea (no. 14 e 17 AIE). Ioaiae iiaeao auoue inouanoaeai e a ioiioaiee i?ieo?i?a, yenia?oa e ia?aaiae/eea (no. 15 AIE). Onoaiiaeaiea iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoe a?aeo?aaeiiio noaeo nii?ia o/eouaaao ?uii/iue oa?aeoa? yeiiiieee. Oae iacuaaaiua i?aae- aeiaiai?iua nii?u iiaoo auoue ?anniio?aiu a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea, anee eiaaony niaeaoaiea noi?ii i ia?aaea/a nii?a ia ?ac?aoaiea a?aeo- ?aaeiiai noaea eee anee oaeay ia?aaea/a i?aaeoniio?aia caeiiiaeaoaeue- iuie aeoaie. AIE aaae eneiaie ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a noa?a oi?aa- eaiey, nouanoaaiii ?anoe?ea iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoue a?aeo?aaeiiio noaeo oaeeo nii?ia (no. 22 AIE). A nenoaio aeieacaoaeuenoa, eniieue- coaiuo a oiaea ?anniio?aiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia, aaaaeaiu naeaea- oaeueneea iieacaiey (no. 39 e 51 AIE). Yoa iiaaeea niinianoaoao aeaiie?aoecaoeee ?anniio?aiey nii?a, ?anoe?aieth aiciiaeiinoae aei- eacuaaiey e ono?aiaieth eceeoiaai oi?iaeecia a ioeaiea ianoiy- oaeuenoa aeaea. Iaeiie ec aaaeiaeoeo iiaaee yaeyaony aaaaeaiea eannaoeeiiiiai ii?yaeea i?iaa?ee caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe ?aoaiee a?aeo- ?aaeiuo noaeia. Aiciiaeiinoue iaaeaeiaaiey noaeaaiiai ?aoaiey ni- noaaeyao aaaeiaeooth /a?oo i?aainoaeey. A ?aiaa nouanoaiaaaoeo i?aaeeao ?anniio?aiey nii?ia ainoaea?noaaiiuie a?aeo?aaeaie ia i?aaeoniao?eaaeinue oaeie aiciiaeiinoe iaaeaeiaaiey ?aoaiey a?- !!277 aeo?aaea. Aeiioneaeinue eeoue ia?auaiea n oiaeaoaenoaii eee cayaea- ieai i ia?aniio?a ?aoaiey a ii?yaeea iaaeci?a. Eannaoeeiiiay aeaeiaa e eannaoeeiiiue i?ioano i?ieo?i?a, iiaeaiiua a eannaoeeiiiue n?ie, aeaeoo ?anniio?aiea aeaea a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea eieeaaeae (eee i?e aa ionoonoaee a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea - Aunoai a?aeo?aaeiii noaea) n o/anoeai noi?ii e i?eiyoea iioeae?iaaiiiai iinoaiiaeaiey ii aeaeiaa (i?ioanoo). Iiaue ii?yaeie ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea nio?a- iee oaeaea, i?aaaea a ianeieueei eciaiaiiii aeaea, a?aeo?e?iaaiea, eae niinia aeayoaeueiinoe a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea. Noi?iiu ia eiatho aieaa i?aaa o/anoaiaaoue a i?eiyoee ?aoaiey (ni. no. 17 I?aaee ?anniio?aiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia ainoaea?noaaiiuie a?aeo?a- aeaie), ii a?aeo?aaeiue noae niaeaenoaoao aeinoeaeaieth niaeaoaiey iaaeaeo noi?iiaie e i?eieiaao ?aoaiey a niioaaonoaee n aeinoea- iooui niaeaoaieai, anee iii ia i?ioeai?a/eo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao e ia ia?ooaao io?aiyaiua caeiiii i?aaa e eioa?anu o?aoueeo eeoe (no. 5 AIE). 5. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ii?yaeea ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a iaaeaeoia?iaeiii eiiia?/aneii a?aeo?aaea 1. Aeey nii?ia, aicieeathueo i?e inouanoaeaiee aiaoiaoi?aiauo e eiuo aeaeia iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo yeiiiie/aneeo naycae, anee eiiia?- /aneia i?aaei?eyoea oioy au iaeiie ec noi?ii iaoiaeeony ca a?aieoeae, a oaeaea nii?ia i?aaei?eyoee n eiino?aiiuie eiaanoeoeeyie, iaae- aeoia?iaeiuo iauaaeeiaiee e i?aaiecaoeee, nicaeaiiuo ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, iaaeaeo niaie, nii?ia iaaeaeo eo o/anoieeaie, a ?aaii eo nii?ia n ae?oaeie noauaeoaie i?aaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee onoaiiaeaia iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiinoue eo iaaeaeoia?iaeiiio eiiia?/anei- io a?aeo?aaeo a niioaaonoaee n Caeiiii ?O .
?ac?aoaiea oaeeo nii?ia inouanoaeyaony a?aeo?aaeai eee, /oi
yaeyaony ?aaiicia/iui, o?aoaeneei noaeii, iineieueeo oeacaiiue
caeii onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi a?aeo?aae icia/aao ethaie a?aeo?aae (o?a-
oaeneee noae) iacaaeneii io oiai, ia?acoaony ee ii niaoeeaeueii aeey
?anniio?aiey ioaeaeueiiai aeaea eee inouanoaeyaony iinoiyiii aeae-
noaothuei a?aeo?aaeiui o/?aaeaeaieai, a /anoiinoe, Iaaeaeoia?iae-
iui eiiia?/aneei a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii eee Ii?neie a?aeo?aaeiie
eiienneae i?e Oi?aiai-i?iiuoeaiiie iaeaoa ?O (no. 2 Caeiia).
2. Iniiaaieai aeey ia?aaea/e nii?a ia ?anniio?aiea eiiia?/an-
eiai a?aeo?aaea (o?aoaeneiai noaea) yaeyaony a?aeo?aaeiia niaea-
oaiea i ia?aaea/a a a?aeo?aae anao eee ii?aaeaeaiiuo nii?ia, eioi?ua
aicieeee eee iiaoo aicieeiooue iaaeaeo noi?iiaie a nayce n eaeei-
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eeai eiie?aoiui i?aaiioiioaieai, iacaaeneii io oiai, iineei iii
aeiaiai?iue oa?aeoa? eee iao.
*enei a?aeo?ia a ninoaaa o?aoaeneiai noaea ii?aaeaeyaony noi-
?iiaie ii naiaio oniio?aieth, a anee noi?iiu ia ii?aaeaeyo yoiai
/enea, oi iacia/athony o?e a?aeo?a. I?ioeaaeo?a iacia/aiey a?aeo-
?ia iiaeao auoue niaeaniaaia noi?iiaie. A ionoonoaea oaeiai ni-
aeaoaiey i?e a?aeo?aaea n o?aiy a?aeo?aie eaaeaeay noi?iia ia-
cia/aao iaeiiai a?aeo?a, a aeaa iacia/aiiuo oaeei ia?acii –
iacia/atho o?aoueaai. A eieeeceiiiuo neooaoeeyo ii i?inueaa ethaie
ec noi?ii ooieoeee iacia/aiey o?aoueaai a?aeo?a (eee aaeeiiee/iiai
a?aeo?a, i iacia/aiee eioi?iai ia aeiaiai?eeenue noi?iiu) auiie-
iyao I?aceaeaio Oi?aiai-i?iiuoeaiiie iaeaou ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee.
Naiaia?aciie iniaaiiinoueth aeayoaeueiinoe o?aoaeneiai noaea ya-
eyaony onoaiiaeaiiay caeiiii aiciiaeiinoue o?aoaeneiio noaeo naiiio
noaeeoue i naiae eiiiaoaioeee, o?aeooy a?aeo?aaeioth iaiai?eo (oi
anoue niaeaoaiea i ia?aaea/a nii?a ia ?anniio?aiea o?aoaeneiai noaea)
ii cayaeaieth nii?yuae noi?iiu. ?aoaiea aii?ina i eiiiaoaioiinoe
o?aoaeneiai noaea, auianaiiia i?aaeaa?eoaeueii (ia?aae ?anniio?aieai
nii?a ii nouanoao), iiaeao auoue ia?aianaii ii i?inueaa noi?iiu a
Aa?oiaiue noae ?anioaeeee a ninoaaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, e?aaaie,
iaeanoiie, ai?iaeneie noae, noae aaoiiiiiie iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai
ie?oaa ii ianoo a?aeo?aaea. ?aoaiey yoeo noaeia ii aeaiiiio aii?ino
ia iaaeaeothony.
3. I?ioeaaeo?a aaaeaiey ?acae?aoaeuenoaa a a?aeo?aaea i?e oneiaee
niaethaeaiey Caeiia
ii?aaeaeyaony ii aeiaiai?aiiinoe noi?ii. A ionoonoaea niaeaoaiey
noi?ii o?aoaeneee noae aaaeao aai oae, eae n/eoaao ioaeiui. Ii aeiai-
ai?aiiinoe noi?ii ?aoaaony e aii?in i ycuea (ycueao), eioi?ue
aoaeao eniieueciaaoueny a oiaea ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. Noi?iiu ii aeiaiai?ai-
iinoe onoaiaaeeaatho n?iee, a oa/aiea eioi?uo enoaoe aeieaeai cayaeoue
ia ianoiyoaeuenoaao, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo aai eneiaua o?aaiaaiey, i nii?-
iuo aii?inao e o?aaoaiii oaeiaeaoai?aiee, a ioaao/ee – naie aic-
?aaeaiey. Anee noi?iiu ia aeiaiai?eeenue ia yoii, ethaay noi?iia
iiaeao eciaiyoue eee aeiiieiyoue naie eneiaua o?aaiaaiey e aic?aaeaiey
ii aeaeo a oiaea ?acae?aoaeuenoaa, anee oieueei o?aoaeneee noae ia ni/oao
iaoeaeaniia?aciui aeiioneaoue eo aaeaeo aeiiouaiiie caaea?aeee.
Iniaaiiinoueth ?acae?aoaeuenoaa yaeyaony oaeaea aiciiaeiinoue i?a-
e?auaiey aai, eiaaea enoaoe ia i?aaenoaaeyao eneiaia cayaeaiea a
niaeaniaaiiua n?iee. Iai?aaenoaaeaiea aea ioaao/eeii aic?aaeaiee
a oaeea n?iee ia i?aiyonoaoao ?acae?aoaeuenoao e ia ?anniao?eaaaony
eae i?eciaiea ooaa?aeaeaiee enooea.
4. Auianaiea ?aoaiey inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaa ii?i, eioi?ua
noi?iiu eca?aee a ea/anoaa i?eiaieiuo e nouanoao nii?a. I?e
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ionoonoaee oeacaiee noi?ii o?aoaeneee noae i?eiaiyao i?aai,
ii?aaeaeaiiia a niioaaonoaee n eieeeceiiiuie ii?iaie iaaeaeo-
ia?iaeiiai /anoiiai i?aaa, eioi?ua ii n/eoaao i?eiaieiuie. Ai
anao neo/ayo ?aoaiea i?eieiaaony a niioaaonoaee n oneiaeyie
aeiaiai?a e n o/aoii oi?aiauo iau/aaa, i?eiaieiuo e aeaiiie
naeaeea.
?aoaiea eieeaaee a?aeo?ia auiineony ii aieueoeinoao aieinia.
Aii?inu i?ioeaaeo?u iiaoo ?ac?aoaoueny a?aeo?ii, yaeythueiny i?aae-
naaeaoaeai o?aoaeneiai noaea, anee ii aoaeao oiieiiii/ai ia yoi
noi?iiaie eee anaie ae?oaeie a?aeo?aie.
5. Iaaeaeiaaiea ?aoaiey o?aoaeneiai noaea aeiioneaaony a oi?ia
oiaeaoaenoaa ia ioiaia, eioi?ia ?anniao?eaaaony i?e iaee/ee ii-
?aaeaeaiiuo, ia?a/eneaiiuo a caeiia iniiaaiee (no. 34 Caeiia)
Aa?oiaiui Noaeii ?anioaeeee a ninoaaa ?O e ae?oaeie, iacaaiiuie
ia n.288 noaeaie. Eioa?anii, /oi a /enea iniiaaiee e ioiaia ?aoaiey
iacuaaaony i?ioeai?a/ea ioaee/iiio ii?yaeeo ?inneeneie Oaaea?a-
oeee.
Oiaeaoaenoai ia ioiaia aeieaeii auoue cayaeaii ia iicaeiaa o?ao
ianyoeaa ni aeiy iieo/aiey a?aeo?aaeiiai ?aoaiey, a aeaeiaa ia
oieeiaaiea eee aeiiieieoaeueiia a?aeo?aaeiia ?aoaiea – a yoio
aea n?ie, ii en/eneyaiue aeey auianaiey ?aoaiey ii oaeie i?i-
nueaa.
6. Caeii onoaiaaeeaaao oaeaea einoeooo ioeaca a i?eciaiee e
i?eaaaeaiee a eniieiaiea ?aoaiee a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea a ia?a/en-
eaiiuo a no. 36 Caeiia neo/ayo. ?aoaiea ia yoii auiineo eiiia-
oaioiue noae, aaea eni?aoeaaaony i?eciaiea eee i?eaaaeaiea a en-
iieiaiea ?aoaiey ii i?inueaa noi?iiu, eioi?ay aeieaeia i?aaenoaaeoue
aeieacaoaeuenoaa ii?i/iinoe n oi/ee c?aiey no. 36 Caeiia auianaiiiai
?aoaiey.
Iniaaiiinoyie ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a iaaeaeoia?iaeiii eiiia?-
/aneii a?aeo?aaea yaeythony oaeei ia?acii i?aaeinoaaeaiea noi?iiai
oe?ieeo aiciiaeiinoae aeey ii?aaeaeaiey ii?i, ia iniiaaiee eioi?uo
?aoaaony nii?, oi?ie?iaaiey o?aoaeneiai noaea, ii?aaeaeaiey i?i-
oeaaeo?u ?ac?aoaiey nii?ia.
6. Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea ii?yaeea ?anniio?aiey
nii?ia o?aoaeneei noaeii
1. O?aoaeneee noae ?anniao?eaaao nii?u, iiaeaaaeiinoaaiiua a?-
aeo?aaeiui noaeai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia iniiaaiee A?aiaiiiai
Iieiaeaiey i o?aoaeneii noaea aeey ?ac?aoaiey yeiiiie/aneeo nii?ia,
ooaa?aeaeaiiiai iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?inneeneie Oa-
aea?aoeee io 24 ethiy 1992 aiaea.
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O?aoaeneea noaeu ?acee/athony eae iinoiyiii aeaenoaothuea, e
oneoaai eioi?uo iiaoo i?eaaaiooue nii?yuea noi?iiu iooai ni-
aeaniaaiiiai ia?auaiey, e nicaeaaaaiua noi?iiaie aeey ?anniio-
?aiey eiie?aoiiai nii?a. Ii?yaeie i?aaiecaoeee, aeayoaeueiinoe e
?ac?aoaiey nii?ia aeey iinoiyiii aeaenoaothueo o?aoaeneeo noaeia
ii?aaeaeyaony i?aaeeaie i?aaei?eyoey, o/?aaeaeaiey eee i?aaieca-
oeee, nicaeaaoeo iinoiyiiue o?aoaeneee noae. Anee yoe i?aaeea ia
iieiu, o?aoaeneee noae e noi?iiu ?oeiaiaenoaothony A?aiaiiui
iieiaeaieai.
Ia?aaea/a nii?a o?aoaeneiio noaeo inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaa-
iee niaeaoaiey noi?ii, eae ninoaaeyaiiai niaoeeaeueii, oae e
iooai aeeth/aiey a ea/anoaa iaiai?ee a aeiaiai?. Niaeaoaiea
aeieaeii eiaoue ienueiaiioth oi?io, eia/a iii i?eciaaony iaca-
eeth/aiiui.
2. I?aaeea i iacia/aiee o?aoaeneeo noaeae noiaee n i?aaeeaie,
niaea?aeaueieny a Caeiia , n oie ?acieoeae, /oi A?aiaiiia iieiaeaiea ia i?aaeoniao?eaaao
aiciiaeiinoe aaeeiiee/iiai ?ac?aoaiey nii?a, onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi
/enei noaeae aeieaeii auoue ia/aoiui.
Iieiiii/ey o?aoaeneiai noaeuee iiaoo auoue i?ae?auaiu ii aai
i?inueaa eee ii niaeaoaieth noi?ii, a nayce n /ai iacia/aaony iiaue
o?aoaeneee noaeuey a niioaaonoaee n oai aea ii?yaeeii, eioi?ue onoa-
iiaeee noi?iiu aeey iacia/aiey noaeae.
O?aoaeneee noae, eae e iaaeaeoia?iaeiue eiiia?/aneee a?aeo?aae,
naiinoiyoaeueii ?aoaao aii?in i aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe niaeaoaiey i
ia?aaea/a nii?a ia aai ?anniio?aiea. A neo/aa i?eciaiey ionoonoaey
niaeaoaiey eee aai iaaeaenoaeoaeueiinoe nii? iiaeao auoue ia?aaeai
ia ?ac?aoaiea a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea.
3. ?ac?aoaiea nii?a i?ienoiaeeo a o?aoaeneii noaea i?e onoaiia-
eaiee noi?iiaie oe?ieeo i?aa aeey ii?aaeaeaiey ii?yaeea ?ac?aoaiey
nii?a, ianoa ?ac?aoaiey, ycuea i?iecaiaenoaa, ii?i i?aaa ae?oaeo
ainoaea?noa.
?aoaiea noaea eniieiyaony noi?iiaie aeia?iaieueii a ii?yaeea e
n?iee, onoaiiaeaiiua a ?aoaiee. A neo/aa aai iaeniieiaiey ioaao-
/eeii i?eeac ia i?eioaeeoaeueiia eniieiaiea auaeaao a?aeo?aaeiue
noae niioaaonoaothuae ?anioaeeee, e?ay, iaeanoe, ai?iaea, aaoiiiiiie
iaeanoe, aaoiiiiiiai ie?oaa, ia oa??eoi?ee eioi?uo iaoiaeeony
o?aoaeneee noae. A auaea/a i?eeaca iiaeao auoue ioeacaii, anee ni-
aeaoaiey noi?ii i ?anniio?aiee nii?a a o?aoaeneii noaea in aeinoea-
iooi; ninoaa noaea e i?ioeaaeo?a ?anniio?aiey in niioaaonoaiaaee
niaeaoaieth noi?ii; i?e ionoonoaee iaaeeaaeauaai ecaauaiey noi?iiu
i aeia ?acae?aoaeuenoaa a o?aoaeneii noaea e iaee/ee i?e/ei, ii
eioi?ui ia iiaee auoue i?aaenoaaeaiu aic?aaeaiey; nii? eanaeny
noa?u oi?aaeaiey.
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Ii?aaeaeaiea a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea ia ioeaca a auaea/a i?eeaca
iiaeao auoue iaaeaeiaaii a eannaoeeiiiii ii?yaeea a niioaaonoaee n
o?aaiaaieyie AIE.
7. Ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia
1. ?anniio?aiea aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia iaaeaeo iiae?acaea-
eaieyie i?aaei?eyoey e iaaeaeo iiae?acaeaeaieyie e naiei i?aaei?e-
yoeai inouanoaeyaony a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea yoe iiae?acaeaeaiey aeae-
noaotho ia iniiaa aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa, a ea/anoaa i?aa-
iecaoeeiiii e eiouanoaaiii iainiaeaiiuo noauaeoia.
Ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey yoeo nii?ia ii?aaeaeyaony naiei i?aae-
i?eyoeai a niioaaonoaee n i?eieiaaiui ei iieiaeaieai i aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiii ?an/aoa. Aeey ?anniio?aiey nii?ia ia i?aaei?eyoee
iiaeao auoue nicaeai niaoeeaeueiue i?aai, oiieiiii/aiiue ?oeiai-
aeeoaeai i?aaei?eyoey ia eo ?ac?aoaiea. Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua
nii?u aicieeatho e ?ac?aoathony, eae i?aaeei, aia noa?u oiaa?-
ii-aeaiaaeiiai iai?ioa, iiyoiio i?eieiaaiua ii iei ?aoaiey ia
iiaoo eniieiyoueny oae, eae yoi i?ienoiaeeo i?e ?ac?aoaiee nii?ia
iaaeaeo th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie. Iie eniieiythony n iiiiuueth aoo-
aaeoa?ee i?aaei?eyoey, inouanoaeythuae aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue
o/ao ii iaoiaeeea, i?eiaiyaiie ia i?aaei?eyoee. Aooaaeoa?ey,
aaaeouay ?an/aou iaaeaeo iiae?acaeaeaieyie i?aaei?eyoey ii aioo-
?eoicyenoaaiiui oeaiai, ?aaeecoao ioaaonoaaiiinoue a niioaaonoaee
n ?aoaieai i?aaia, ?anniao?eaathuaai oaeea nii?u ?an/aoiui
iooai, oi anoue ioianaieai ia niioaaonoaothuea iieacaoaee aeay-
oaeueiinoe iiae?acaeaeaiee ioaao/eeia (eo eeoeaaua n/aoa) io?eoea-
oaeueiuo ?acoeueoaoia i?iea?aiiiai nii?a. Niioaaonoaaiii io?aaea-
thony a eeoeaauo n/aoao iiae?acaeaeaiee enooeia noiiu auiea/aiiuo
ei naieoeee.
A oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iainiaeaiiui iiae?acaeaeaieyi i?aaei?eyoey
ioe?uaathony oaeouea e ?an/aoiua n/aoa a aaiea, ?a/ue iiaeao eaeoe
e i acuneaiee aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa n yoeo n/aoia. A yoeo neo/ayo aeey
?aaeecaoeee nienaiey noii n yoeo n/aoia a cayaeaiee ia ioe?uoee
oaeeo n/aoia aeieaeiu auoue iaiai?aiu aiciiaeiinoe nienaiey n ieo
noii ii ?aoaieth i?aaei?eyoey.
2. Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuie yaeythony oaeaea e nii?u, aicieeathuea
iaaeaeo iiae?acaeaeaieai i?aaei?eyoey e naiei i?aaei?eyoeai, eiaaea
yoe ioiioaiey no?iyony ia iniiaa aeiaiai?ia aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai
a?aiaeiiai iiae?yaea.
Naaiaeiy caeiiiaeaoaeue ia ii?aaeaeee, eaeei ia?acii ?ac?aoathony
oaeea nii?u. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi iie aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny a
niioaaonoaee n aeiaiai?ii, i?aaeoniio?aiiui a iai i?aaiii e a
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onoaiiaeaiiii aeiaiai?ii ii?yaeea. O?oaeii ioaaoeoue ia aii?in i oii,
eae iaania/eoue i?eioaeeoaeueiia eniieiaiea auianaiiuo ?aoaiee,
iniaaiii, eiaaea a ?iee ioaao/eea aunooiaao i?aaei?eyoea. Yoio
aii?in ioaeaeaaony a caeiiiaeaoaeueiii ?ac?aoaiee.
Eiio?ieueiua aii?inu
1. Eaeiau, i?e/eiu e a /ai ninoieo nouiinoue nii?ia, aicie-
eathueo iaaeaeo o/anoieeaie oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee?
2. Eaeea i?aaiu ?anniao?eaatho oicyenoaaiiua nii?u? Iaci-
aeoa caeiiu, iaania/eaathuea ?anniio?aiea oicyenoaaiiuo nii-
?ia?
3. Eaeia ii?yaeie o?aaoee?iaaiey nii?ia ia iniiaa i?aaeuyaeaiey
i?aoaicee?
4, Aeaeoa iauoth oa?aeoa?enoeeo ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a a?-
aeo?aaeiii noaea. Eaeea i?eioeeieaeueii iiaua /a?ou eiaao naaiaeiy
?anniio?aiea nii?ia a a?aeo?aaeiii noaea?
5. Eaeia ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey nii?ia a iaaeaeoia?iaeiii eii-
ia?/aneii a?aeo?aaea?
6. Eae ?ac?aoathony aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua nii?u?
I?ia?aiia o/aaiiai eo?na
!!285
*anoue 1. Iauea iieiaeaiey
Oaia 1. Iiiyoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
I?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa, i?eioeeiu, iaoiae. Ia?aie/aiea
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa io niaaeiuo io?aneae. Oicyenoaaiiue iaoa-
ieci e oicyenoaaiiia i?aai. Iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Oicye-
noaaiiia i?aai a ?uii/iuo oneiaeyo. Nenoaia eo?na Oicyenoaaiiiai
i?aaa.
Oaia 2. Enoi/ieee oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
Ninoaa e no?oeoo?a oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. ?ieue caeiia
a i?aaiaii iaania/aiee oicyenoaaiiiai iaoaiecia. Aeaeu enoi/ieeia
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. ?acaeoea oicyenoaaiiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa.
I?iaeaiu nenoaiaoecaoeee e eiaeeoeeaoeee.
Oaia 3. Oicyenoaaiiia i?aaiioiioaiea
Iiiyoea e aeaeu oicyenoaaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee. Aauiua i?a-
aiioiioaiey e eo aeaeu, iniiaaiey aicieeiiaaiey. Oicyenoaaiii-
iaycaoaeueiua i?aaiioiioaiey, eo aeaeu e iniiaaiey aicieeiiaaiey.
Oicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai?, noa?a aai i?eiaiaiey, cia/aiea a iiauo
oneiaeyo oicyenoaiaaiey. Aeaeu oicyenoaaiiuo aeiaiai?ia e oicye-
noaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa.
Oaia 4. Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
Iiiyoea e i?eciaee noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Eeanne-
oeeaoeey noauaeoia. Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea noauaeoia oicyenoaai-
iie aeayoaeueiinoe.
!!286
I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea i?aaei?eieiaoaey e oi?i i?aaei?eieiaoaeue-
neie aeayoaeueiinoe. A?aaeaeaiei eae noauaeo i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa.
I?aaei?eyoea, aai aeaeu e i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaua oi?iu. Iniaai-
iinoe eiiiaoaioeee ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia i?aaei?eyoee. Neiaeiua ia?a-
ciaaiey (annioeeaoeee, eiioea?iu, iauaaeeiaiey e ae?.).
I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee eae
noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa.
Noauaeou, eiathuea iniaia i?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea. Aaiee, eo
i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea. Ae?aee, eo i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea. Oiiaeu e
ae?oaea noauaeou.
I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea yeiiiie/aneiai niiauanoaa, ?anioaeee e
?aaeiiia eae noauaeoia oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa. Iniaaiiinoe i?aaiaiai
?aaoee?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe a naiaiaeiuo yeiiiie-
/aneeo ciiao e ciiao naiaiaeiiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa.
Oaia 5. I?aai ia eiouanoai ?anioaeee e ?aaeiiia, caaiueaa
e iiae?acaeaeaiee ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa, noauaeoia
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa
I?aai nianoaaiiinoe eae iniiaa oicyenoaiaaiey. I?aai aino-
aea?noaaiiie e ioieoeeiaeueiie nianoaaiiinoe. Eiiiaoaioeey ni-
anoaaiieeia a ?aaeecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia ia iniiaa
eca?aiiie eie i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe. Oa?aeoa?enoeea aauiuo i?aa, eniieuecoaiuo a oi-
cyenoaaiiii iai?ioa. I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey,
a?aiaeu, iiaeeciaiii ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey, iia?aoeaiiai oi?aa-
eaiey. Iiiyoea onoaaiiai oiiaea e aai i?aaiaia cia/aiea. ?aca?-
aiue, aii?oecaoeeiiiue, ?aiiioiue e eiua oiiaeu, eo i?aaiaie
?aaeei. I?aaiaia cia/aiea cae?aieaiey eiouanoaa ia iniiaa
ioaeaeueiiai, naiinoiyoaeueiiai e naiaiaeiiai aaeainia. No?oeoo?a
aaeainia.
I?aaiaie ?aaeei iniiaiuo e iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoee e
iauaaeeiaiee. I?aaiaie ?aaeei aeioiaeia i?aaei?eyoey, ii?yaeie ioia-
naiey ?anoiaeia ia naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee. I?aaiaie ?aaeei i?e-
auee i?aaei?eyoey. N?aaenoaa, iai?aaeyaiua ia iio?aaeaiea, n?aae-
noaa, iai?aaeyaiua ia iaeiieaiea. Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoee,
i?aaeea eo ?ani?aaeaeaiey ii aaieianeei e aooaaeoa?neei n/aoai.
Ii?yaeie ?aaeecaoeee iaee/iuo e aaciaee/iuo aeaiaa a oicyenoai-
aaiee. Aeiaiai? ?an/aoiiai e oaeouaai n/aoa.
Nenoaia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey e aianaiey n?aaenoa a oeaio?aeeciaaiiua
oiiaeu, eo ?ieue a oi?ie?iaaiee e ?ani?aaeaeaiee aeioiaeia i?aaei?e-
yoey. Aaethoiua oiiaeu.
!!287
I?aai ia eiouanoai a?aiaeiiai i?aaei?eyoey. I?aai ia eiouanoai
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee e iauaaeeiaiee,
a oii /enea ia iniiaa aioo?eoicyenoaaiiie a?aiaeu.
Oaia 6. ?acainoaea?noaeaiea e i?eaaoecaoeey eae i?aaeiinueee
nicaeaiey iaiaoiaeeiuo ?uii/iuo no?oeoo?
Iiiyoea ?acainoaea?noaeaiey e i?eaaoecaoeee. Caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noai, iaania/eaathuaa yoo aeayoaeueiinoue. Ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?ai-
ia i?eaaoecaoeee. Ii?yaeie i?eaaoecaoeee, aa niiniau, ioi?ieaiea
naeaeie. Cia/aiea aeiaiai?ia n i?eia?aoaoaeyie ainoaea?noaaiiie
nianoaaiiinoe. Aeoeeiie?iaaiea aini?aaei?eyoee e ioieoeeiaeue-
iuo i?aaei?eyoee.
Oi?iu e niiniau o/anoey a?aaeaeai a i?ioeannao i?eaaoecaoeee.
Oaia 7. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ainoaea?noaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey
ia oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue a oneiaeyo ?uiea
Iaania/aiea ?aaainoaa oneiaee oicyenoaiaaiey anai noauaeoai
oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa eae i?aaeiinueea ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee. I?-
aaiecaoeeiiiua oi?iu ?aaeecaoeee oaeiai ?aaainoaa.
Iiiyoea aeaeia e oi?i ?oeiaiaenoaa oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth.
Nicaeaiea e i?ae?auaiea i?aaei?eyoee e eo iiae?acaeaeaiee. Aino-
aea?noaaiiay ?aaeno?aoeey i?aaei?eyoee, aa o?aaiaaiey e oi?iu. On-
oaiiaeaiea enoiaeiuo iiceoeee oicyenoaiaaiey (iaeiae, ii?iu aii?-
oecaoeee e ae?.). Ainoaea?noaaiiua i?ia?aiiu iiaeaea?aeee i?aaei?eie-
iaoaeuenoaa, eo aeaeu.
Eiio?ieue ca oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth. Iniiaiua iai?aaea-
iey e oi?iu eiio?iey.
?aaoee?iaaiea eiie?aoiia e ii?iaoeaiia eae aeae oicyenoaaiiiai
?oeiaiaenoaa. Oi?aaeaiea a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
I?yiia ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?uiea. Cai?auaiiua
aeaeu aeayoaeueiinoe. Aeayoaeueiinoue, inouanoaeyaiay ii eeoeaicee.
Nenoaia, i?aaiu e ii?yaeie eeoeaice?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe.
Aioeiiiiiieueiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai, aai niaea?aeaiea e oeaee.
Iniiaaiey e ii?yaeie i?eiaiaiey aioeiiiiiieueiuo ia?. Aino-
aea?noaaiiue eiieoao ii aioeiiiiiieueiie iieeoeea e iiaeaea?aeea
iiauo yeiiiie/aneeo no?oeoo? e aai oa??eoi?eaeueiua oi?aaea-
iey.
!!288
Yeiiiie/aneea ?u/aaa aicaeaenoaea ia ?uiie. I?ei?eoaou a
yeiiiie/anaeii e nioeeaeueiii ?acaeoee. Niiniau i?aaiaiai iaania-
/aiey ioaeaeueiuo i?ei?eoaoiuo iai?aaeaiee yeiiiie/aneiai e ni-
oeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey.
I?aaiaua oi?iu aicaeaenoaey ia oeaiu i?aaei?eyoee. Aicaeaenoaea
n iiiiuueth iaeiaia e iaeiaiauo eueaio. E?aaeeoiua noaaee, i?ioeaiou
ii aeeaaeai e nnoaeai, aeioiaeu ii oeaiiui aoiaaai. Ii?yaeie eo
onoaiiaeaiey e i?eiaiaiey.
Oaia 8. N?iee a oicyenoaaiiii i?aaa
Iauea iieiaeaiey i n?ieao e eo aeaeao a oicyenoaaiiuo ioii-
oaieyo. I?aaiecaoeeiiiua n?iee e eo cia/aiea. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea
aeey oicyenoaaiiuo iaycaoaeuenoa aa?aioeeiuo n?ieia e eo aeaeu.
I?aoaiceiiiua n?iee, eo i?aaiaia cia/aiea. N?iee eneiaie aeaa-
iinoe e eo niioiioaiea n ae?oaeie n?ieaie a oicyenoaaiiuo ioii-
oaieyo.
Oaia 9. Naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoue
a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo
Iiiyoea naieoeee e ioaaonoaaiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaie-
yo. Aeaeu naieoeee. Aeaeu ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Iniiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiin-
oe. ooieoeee ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Aii?in ia iauaia ioaaonoaaiiinoe e
aiciiaeiinoe aa ia?aie/aiey a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo. ?aaee-
caoeey ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Oaia 10. Caeiiiinoue e i?aaiaay ?aaioa a yeiiiieea
Iiiyoea e cia/aiea caeiiiinoe a oicyenoaaiiuo ioiioaieyo.
O?aaiaaiey caeiia e yeiiiie/aneea eioa?anu i?aaei?eieiaoaeae,
oi?iu eo niaeaniaaiey. Caeiiiinoue i?aaiauo aeoia, ?aaoee?oth-
ueo oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue. Caeiiiinoue ?aaeecaoeee i?aai-
auo ii?i, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo inouanoaeaiea i?aaei?eieiaoaeue-
noaa.
I?aaiaua n?aaenoaa ?aaeecaoeee eioa?ania i?aaei?eieiaoaeae.
I?aaiaia iieiaeaiea th?eaee/aneie neoaeau. Niaea?aeaiea e i?iaeaiu
i?aaiaie ?aaiou a yeiiiieea.
!!289
Oaia 11. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?anniio?aiey
oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia
!!289
Oaia 11. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?anniio?aiey
oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia
I?e/eiu aicieeiiaaiey oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia. Ia?ooaiea on-
eiaee aeiaiai?ia eae iaeia ec iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiuo i?e/ei.
Ia?u ai?ueau n yoeie ia?ooaieyie.
Aeaeu oicyenoaaiiuo nii?ia. I?aaiu, ?ac?aoathuea oicyenoaai-
iua nii?u. I?aaeaeiaiai?iia o?aaoee?iaaiea ?aciiaeanee noi?ii.
I?aoaiceiiiue ii?yaeie. Aacaeoeaioi?iua acuneaiey, eo ?ieue e ianoi
a nenoaia ?ac?aoaiey eiioeeeoia. ?ac?aoaiea oicyenoaaiiuo nii-
?ia a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii, ae?oaeie i?aaiaie. ?aoaiey e ii?aaeaeaiey
a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea e ae?oaeo i?aaiia. Eniieiaiea ?aoaiee, eo ia-
?aniio?.
!!290
*anoue 2. I?aaiaia iaania/aiea ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
Oaia 1. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe nianoaaiieea e i?aaei?eieiaoaey
I?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai a?aaeaeai e eo oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue,
iniiaaiiay ia nianoaaiiii eiouanoaa. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea
aaaeaiey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, o?oaeiaiai oicyenoaa, e?anoue-
yineiai (oa?ia?neiai) oicyenoaa, iiaeniaiiai oicyenoaa.
I?iecaiaenoaaiii-oicyenoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue a i?aaiecaoeeiiii-
i?aaiaie oi?ia i?aaei?eyoey.
Auai? i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaie oi?iu. Ii?aaeaeaiea acaeiiio-
iioaiee i?aaei?eyoey n nianoaaiieeii eiouanoaa. Eiio?aeo n i?aae-
i?eieiaoaeai. Nicaeaiea o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa e ioi?ieaiea n iei
ioiioaiee.
Eca?aiea noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe. Iieo/aiea iaiaoiaeeiuo ?ac?a-
oaiee.
Ii?aaeaeaiea no?oeoo?u i?aaei?eyoey, i?aaiauo ia/ae acaeii-
aeaenoaey iiae?acaeaeaiee. Eieaeueiua i?aaiaua aeou.
Ieaie?iaaiea i?iecaiaenoaa. Enoiaeiua aeaiiua, iaiaoiaeeiinoue
niaeaniaaiey ieaiia n ianoiuie i?aaiaie aeanoe. Iniiaiua o?aai-
aaiey e i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey
(yeieiae/aneea, naieoa?iua, oaoieea aaciianiinoe, nioeeaeueiua e
Ae?.).
Ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa) a oneiaeyo ?uiea. Ainoaea?-
noaaiiay nenoaia noaiaea?oecaoeee. Cia/aiea noaiaea?oia, oaoie/an-
eeo oneiaee, no?ieoaeueiuo ii?i e i?aaee. Caueoa eioa?ania iio-
?aaeoaey.
Oaia 2. I?aaiaua oi?iu ?aaeecaoeee, i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia
Iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey ?acaeoey i?aaiauo oi?i, iiin?aaeoth-
ueo ?aaeecaoeeth i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia iooai ia?aaea/e aauiuo
i?aa. Oi?ie?iaaiea oicyenoaaiiuo naycae ii niaaaeaieth e nauoo
!!291
a oneiaeyo ?uiea. I?yiua nayce. Ae?aeaaua naeaeee. Aeiaiai?u
ia y?ia?eao. Aeiaiai?u iinoaaee e eoiee-i?iaeaaee. Aeiaiai? ?ai-
ou.
No?oeoo?a aeiaiai?iuo naycae i?e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee e oi-
aa?ia. Eniieiaiea aeiaiai?ia. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ia?ooaiea iay-
caoaeuenoa. Iniaaiiinoe i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia
ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey.
Oaia 3. I?aaiaia iaania/aiea iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai
i?ia?anna e eioi?iaoecaoeee
Iao/ii-oaoie/aneay i?iaeoeoeey eae oiaa?. Aa aeaeu: ecia?aoaiey,
?aoeeiiaeecaoi?neea i?aaeeiaeaiey, iio-oao, i?iiuoeaiiue ia?a-
caoe, oa?oeceia, i?ia?aiiiua n?aaenoaa e ae?.
I?aaiaua oi?iu, iaania/eaathuea nicaeaiea e ?aaeecaoeeth ia-
o/ii-oaoie/aneie i?iaeoeoeee. I?aai ia nae?ao i?iecaiaenoaa, eii-
ia?/aneay oaeia. Aeiaiai?u i ?aaeecaoeee iao/ii-oaoie/aneie i?i-
aeoeoeee. Oa?oeceia.
I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea eioi?iaoecaoeee. Eioi?iaoeeiiiua
niaeaoaiey. Eioi?iaoeea. I?aaiaua oi?iu aa nicaeaiey e ?aa-
eecaoeee.
Oaia 4. I?aaiaia iaania/aiea ?aaeecaoeee oneoa
Oneoae, i?iecaiaeeiua a ea/anoaa oiaa?a. Aeaeu oneoa a ?ac-
ee/iuo noa?ao oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe: aeiaiai?u i aaieia-
neeo oneoaao, aeiaiai?u i iin?aaeie/anoaa ia ae?aea. O?ainii?oiua
iaycaoaeuenoaa e iaycaoaeuenoaa a noa?a nayce. Ae?oaea aeiaiai?u,
iiin?aaeothuea ?aaeecaoeeth oneoa. Eo aeaeu (o?aiaiea, ia?eaoeia
e ae?.).
Oaia 5. I?aaiaua oi?iu ia?aaea/e eiouanoaa
ai a?aiaiiia oicyenoaaiiia iieueciaaiea
A?aiaea i?aaei?eyoey. Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiay a?aiaea. Eeceiaiaua
aeiaiai?u. Eiua aeaeu a?aiaeu.
!!292
Oaia 6. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia eiaanoeoeeyo. Eiaanoi?u
e iauaeou eiaanoe?iaaiey
Ainoaea?noaaiiia ?aaoee?iaaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Oeaee e oi?iu. I?yiia oi?aaeaiea ainoaea?noaaiiuie eiaanoeoeeyie
e ?aaoee?iaaiea oneiaee eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Eiaanoe-
oeeiiiay aeayoaeueiinoue a oi?ia eaieoaeueiuo aeiaeaiee.
Aeiaiai?iua oi?iu acaeiiaeaenoaey noi?ii i?e inouanoaeaiee
eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Aeiaiai?u iiae?yaea ia i?iecaiaenoai
i?iaeoiuo e ecuneaoaeueneeo ?aaio, ia eaieoaeueiia no?ieoaeue-
noai. No?oeoo?a aeiaiai?iuo naycae. I?aaa e iaycaiiinoe noi?ii.
Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ii aeiaiai?ai. Oicyenoaaiiue niinia no?ieoaeue-
noaa.
Oaia 7. I?aaiaia iaania/aiea aeayoaeueiinoe noauaeoia
aa?ii?iiuoeaiiiai eiiieaena e ainoaea?noaaiiie
caeoiee naeueoici?iaeoeoia
Iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey ?acaeoey AIE e i?aaiecaoeee caeoiee
naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee.
I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ioiioaiee i?aaei?eyoee, iauaaeeiaiee,
oa?ia?neeo oicyenoa i?e i?iecaiaenoaa, caaioiaea, o?aiaiee e ia-
?a?aaioea naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee. Noeioee?iaaiea yo-
oaeoeaiinoe yoie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Aeiaiai? caeoiee naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee a iiauo on-
eiaeyo, aai caeeth/aiea, eniieiaiea e ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ia?ooaiea
iaycaoaeuenoa o/anoieeia aeiaiai?a.
Oaia 8. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea oeiaine?iaaiey
e e?aaeeoiaaiey
Niiniau oeiaine?iaaiey oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?e-
yoee e iauaaeeiaiee. Oeaio?aeeciaaiia oeiaine?iaaiea e naiioe-
iaine?iaaiea. Oeiaine?iaaiea cao?ao i?iecaiaenoaa, eaieoaeueiiai
no?ieoaeuenoaa. Enoi/ieee oeiaine?iaaiey.
Aaieianeee e?aaeeo. Aai aeaeu. I?eioeeiu e?aaeeoiaaiey e i?a-
aiaua oi?iu e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiioiioaiee. I?aaiaie ?aaeei caaiiuo
n?aaenoa. Ii?yaeie iiaaoaiey e enoi/ieee iiaaoaiey caaeieaeaiiinoe
ii e?aaeeoo.
!!293
Acaeiiia e?aaeeoiaaiea. Iniaaiiinoe e?aaeeoiaaiey aiaoiayei-
iiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Oaia 9. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea oeai e oa?eoia
Cia/aiea oeaiu, aeaeu oeai, oa?eoia. Ii?yaeie eo oi?ie?iaaiey
e ooaa?aeaeaiey. Oeaiu, eiio?iee?oaiua ainoaea?noaii. Naiaiaeiua
oeaiu. Aeenoeeieeia oeai. Ia?ooaiea ainoaea?noaaiiie aeenoeeieeiu
oeai e oa?eoia. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca eo ia?ooaiea.
Oaia 10. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?an/aoia a yeiiiieea
Iiiyoea ?an/aoiuo i?aaiioiioaiee e eo o/anoieee. Aeiaiai?
?an/aoiiai e oaeouaai n/aoa. Eino?oiaiou ?an/aoia, eo ioi?ieaiea
e i?aaiaia cia/aiea. Oi?iu ?an/aoia e eo ?aaoee?iaaiea a niioaao-
noaee n oicyenoaaiiuie caaea/aie. ?an/aou ii o?aaiaaieth. ?an/aou
ii eieoeeaoeaa ieaoaeueueea. ?an/aou ii eieoeeaoeaa ethaie ec noi?ii.
I?aaiaua oi?iu e iniaaiiinoe ?an/aoia ii aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue a ?an/aoiuo i?aaiioiioaieyo.
Oaia 11. I?aaiaua oi?iu o/aoa, io/aoiinoe
e ioeaiee oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
I?aaiaia cia/aiea aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa noaoenoe/aneie io/ao-
iinoe, o?aaiaaiey e eo i?iaaaeaieth. I?aaiecaoeey iia?aoeaiiai e
neioaoe/aneiai o/aoa. ?aaecee e aoaeeoi?neea i?iaa?ee. Ioaaono-
aaiiinoue ca eneaaeaiea io/aoiinoe.
Ioeaiea ?acoeueoaoia oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe e aa i?aaiaia
cia/aiea.
Oaia 12. I?aaiaia iaania/aiea nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey
o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia. Nioeeaeueiia ia?oia?noai.
I?aai e caueoa nioeeaeueiuo aeaa
I?aai o?oaeiaiai eieeaeoeaa ia enoi/ieee iaoa?eaeueiuo e aea-
iaaeiuo ?ano?nia, iai?aaeyaiuo ia nioeeaeueiia ?acaeoea a oneiaeyo
!!294
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa. Eo ?aaeecaoeey a oneiaeyo ?uiea. Nioeeaeueiia
ia?oia?noai. ?ac?aaioea niaeaoaiee n i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie e i?a-
aeoaeuenoaii ia oneiaeyo o?oaea e nioeeaeueiii ?acaeoee. Caueoa i?aa
o?oaeiauo eieeaeoeaia.
Oaia 13. I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe
iniiaiuo caaiueaa ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa
Iiiyoea niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aa o/anoieee. Aeiaiai? i ni-
aianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe a noa?a oiaa?ii-aeaiaaeiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey
iniiaiuo caaiueaa. Eiua aeaeu e oi?iu nio?oaeie/anoaa i?aaei?eyoee
aeey nicaeaiey niaianoiuo i?aaei?eyoee, aaeeiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo
no?oeoo? e i?aaiia oi?aaeaiey, aeey ?aoaiey nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie-
/aneeo caaea/ a ?anioaeeeao e ?aaeiiao.
Oaia 14. I?aaiaua oi?iu aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee
I?aai i?aaei?eyoee ia aiaoiayeiiiie/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue. On-
eiaey inouanoaeaiey oaeie aeayoaeueiinoe. Nenoaia ainoaea?noaaiiiai
?aaoee?iaaiey aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. I?aaa i?aaei?e-
yoey ia caeeth/aiea aiaoiayeiiiie/aneeo naeaeie /a?ac aiaoia-
oi?aiaua iauaaeeiaiey e iaiin?aaenoaaiii n ca?oaaaeiuie eiio?a-
aaioaie. Aeiaiai?u, i?eiaiyaiua a yenii?oii-eiii?oiuo iia?aoeeyo
i?aaei?eyoey. Aaethoiua naeaeee. I?aaa e iaycaiiinoe ii oaeei
aeiaiai?ai. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ia?ooaiea iaycaoaeuenoa.
Aaaeaiea aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe a ninoaaa niaiano-
iuo i?aaei?eyoee. Oneiaey nicaeaiey oaeeo i?aaei?eyoee. I?aaa e
iaycaiiinoe o/anoieeia niaianoiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
!!295
Aeoaaeoii-i?aaeiaoiue oeacaoaeue
A
Aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiua ia?aciaaiey 119123
Aeoeey 62,87,156
Aeoeeiia? 54,55
Aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai ioe?uoiai oeia 86, 90
Aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai cae?uoiai oeia 85
A?aiaeiia i?aaei?eyoea 91-93,179-181
A?aeo?aaeiue noae 215, 275
Aoeoeeii 172-174
A
Aaie eiiia?/aneee 92-100
Aaie Oeaio?aeueiue 94-97
Aaieianeay oaeia 99
Aaie?ionoai 213-216
Ae?aea oiaa?iay 100
Ae?aea oiiaeiaay 107,108
A?iea? 103,104
A
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue aeiaiai? 47,132
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua ioiioaiey 132
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey 132-134
Aioo?eoicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa 47
A
Ainoaea?noaaiiia i?aaei?eyoea 79-82
Ainoaea?noaaiiua ioaeaeu 196
Ainoaea?noaaiiue eiio?aeo 197, 198
Ainoaea?noaaiiue caeac 196
Aa?aioeeiue n?ie 240-242
A?aaeaeaiei-i?aaei?eieiaoaeue 59
Ae
Aeiieie?othuaa iieiaeaiea 208,215
E
Eiaanoeoeeiiiay eiiiaiey 108-111
Eiaanoeoeeiiiue oiiae 110
e
Eaioa 199,207
Eiiia?oeeaeecaoeey 81
Eiieo?n 168-172
Eiioeneaoeeiiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue 257
Eiiia?aoea 77
E?anoueyineia (oa?ia?neia) oicyenoai 129-132
E
Eeeaeaeaoeey 67,68
Eeieo 199
Eeoeaicey 67,200
I
Iaoiae oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 9-12
Iiiiiieenoe/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue 210-213
Ioieoeeiaeueiia i?aaei?eyoea 82,83
I
Iaoea oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 18
Iaeiouanoaaiiua oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey 51-52
Iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau 147
Ii?iaoeau 206
I
Iauaaeeiaiey i?aaei?eyoee 88-90
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoey 146, 147
Iauea n?iee 236, 231
Iia?aoeaii-oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa 48
I?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiaay oi?ia 75,76,78,79
I?aaiecaoeeiiiua n?iee 237
Iniiaiua n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoey 146,147
I
Ieaie?iaaiea 192,205
I?aai nianoaaiiinoe 136
I?aai iieiiai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey 137-139
I?aai oicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii 139
I?aai iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey eiouanoaii 140,141
I?aai a?aiaeaoi?a ia eiouanoai 141-143
I?aai iiaeeciaiiiai ianeaaeoaiiai aeaaeaiey 143
I?aai aioo?eoicyenoaaiiiai aaaeaiey eiouanoaii 145
I?aoaicey 273-276
I?aoaiceiiiue n?ie 243, 244
I?aaeiao oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 1
I?eaueue 150-152
I?eaaoecaoeey 155-189
I?eaaoecaoeeiiiue /ae 160, 180-189
I?eaeeaae?iaaiiua aeoeee 176
I?eioeeiu oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 6-9
?
?acainoaea?noaeaiea 155, 158
?aca?au i?aaei?eyoey 149
?aca?aiue oiiae 149, 150
?ai?aaiecaoeey 67, 68
N
Naieoeey 248
Na?oeoeeaoeey 202
Nie?auaiiua (niaoeeaeueiua) n?iee 236
Nieeaea?iay ioaaonoaaiiinoue 256
Niaoeeaeece?iaaiiue oiiae 111, 180
N?ie aiaeiinoe 240
N?ie neo?au 240-242
N?ie eneiaie aeaaiinoe 244-248
Noauaeou oicyenoaaiiiai i?aaa 53-135
Noaneaa?iay ioaaonoaaiiinou 256
O
Oa??eoi?eaeueii-oicyenoaaiiua iaycaoaeuenoaa 49-51
Oiaa?euanoai iieiia 85
Oiaa?euanoai niaoaiiia 86
Oiaa?euanoai n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth 85
O?aoaeneee noae 273,279-281
O?oaeiaie eieeaeoea 126-128
O
Onoaaiue eaieoae 148
O
Oeiainiai-i?iiuoeaiiua a?oiiu 90
Oeiainiaua oieaeeiaiaua eiiiaiee 112
Oiiaeu 108
X
Oieaeeiaiaua eiiiaiee 108, III
Oic?an/ao 132
Oicyenoaaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey 34-36,38
Oicyenoaaiii-oi?aaeai/aneea iaycaoaeuenoaa 44-46
* ., .
*anoiia (naiaeiia) i?aaei?eyoea 83
*anoiua n?iee 236,237
TH
TH?eaee/aneia eeoei 71
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