Eociaoeia I.I. 1980 – Aeieacuaaiea a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
AAAAeAIEA
I?ia?aiiie EINN ia ia?eiae ia?aoiaea io nioee-
aeeci.a ‘e eiiioiecio ‘auea iinoaaeaia caaea/a iaan-
ia/aiey no?iaiai niaethaeaiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie ocaeii-
ainoe, ‘enei?aiaiey anyeeo ia?ooaiee i?aaiii?yaeea,
eeeaeaeaoeee i?anooiiinoe, ono?aiaiey i?e/ei, aa ‘ii?iae-
aeathueo ‘.
Aii?inu oe?aieaiey ‘nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe
anaaaea auee :e inoathony a oeaio?a aieiaiey Eiiioien-
oe/aneie ia?oee Niaaoneiai Nithca. A. E. Eaiei iaiae^
iae?aoii iiae/a?eeaae cia/aiea caeiiiinoe a iino?iaiee
iiaiai iauanoaa 2. A ?aoaieyo- ia?oeeiuo nuacaeia, ii-
noaiiaeaieyo OeE EINN e Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN?
ii?aaeaeaiu iooe aeaeueiaeoaai ‘niaa?oainoaiaaiey ca-
eiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, iaia/aiu eiie?aoiua ia?u, iai?aaeai-
iua ia oe?aieaiea nioeeaeenoe/aieiai i?aaiii?yaeea,
oeo/oaiea aeayoaeueiinoe ‘i?aaiio?aieoaeueiuo i?aaiia.
Iniaia cia/aiea a yoii ioiioaiee eiaao iinoaiiaea-
iea OeE EINN
Eiinoeoooeey NNN? i?eaeaea iniaia cia/aiea ca-
eiiiinoe e i?aaiii?yaeeo a ?acaeoee nioeeaeenoe/aneie
aeaiie?aoee.
3
.noaeueiia i?aaiioiioaiya – yoi ‘anaaaea ?acoeueoao ?a-
aoee?iaaiey iiaaaeaiey a?aaeaeai., ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?-
aaiia :e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe i?;e aicaoaeaeaiey aeaea, aai
?anneaaeiaaiee, noaeaaiii ?acae?aoaeuenoaa ‘e i?e i?i,-
‘ecaiaenoaa a ae?oaeo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai’ i?ioeanna>3.
I?aaiaia ?aaoee?iaaiea ‘ioiioaiee, ‘neeaaeuaathueo-
ny a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?aaeoniao-
?eaae aua OIE ?NON? 1923 a., eioi?ue onoaiaaeeaae
iaycaiiinoue i?aaiia noaea, i?ieo?aoo?u, neaaenoaey e
aeiciaiey i?eieiaoue ana cayaeaiey ii iiaiaeo niaa?-
oaiiuo eai-eeai .eee aioiaeaoeony ‘e niaa?oaieth i?a-
nooieaiee, ii?aaeaeye ii?yaeie i?eaia oaeeo cayaeaiee
.e i?eiyoey niioaaonoaothueo ?aoaiee. Iiyoiio ia au-
oaeaee ec caeiia- ooaa?aeaeaiey ioaeaeueiuo aaoi?ia, /oi
i?eai cayaeaiey i niaa?oaiiii i?anooieaiee, iniio?
ianoa .i?ienoanoaey i o. i. ia iiaoo n/eoaoueny oaieia-
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiuie aeaenoaeyie, iineieueeo a yoeo neo-
/ayo yeiau inouanoaeythony iauaaaeieieno?aoeaiua iie-
iiii/ey i?aaiia ieeeoeee e eeoue caoai ?aoaaony ai-
i?in i iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?enooieoue e. aeaenoaeyi oaieia-
yi-i?ioeannoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a4. Aioo?aiia i?ioeai?a/e-
ai e ooaa?aeaeaiea i oii, /oi a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea nouanoaotho o aieia ii-i?ioeannoaeueiua io-
iioaiey, iaeiaei ieeaeeo i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee aei
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?aaiu aeiciaiey, ‘neaae-
noaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea i?iecaiaeeoue ia iiaoo5.
Iiaiea i oii, /oi a noaaeee ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue ia inouanoaeyaony 6^
/oi oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua ioiioaiey .aicieeatho oieue-
ei iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai’ aeaea 7, auneacuaaeinue
e iinea i?eiyoey iuia aeaenoaothuaai oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. N yoei noaeaeaieai niaea-
neoueny iaeuecy, iineieueeo OIE ?NON? 1960 a. ia oieue-
ei ooi/iee e eiie?aoece?iaae ii?iu ?aiaa aeaenoaia.aa-
oaai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, ?aa-
eaiaioe?iaaaoea aeayoaeueiinoue ii aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai. aeaea, ii’ e onoaiiaee iaeioi?ua iiaua iiei-
aeaiey, eioi?ua eanathony, a /anoiinoe, oneiaee e ii-
?yaeea i?eiyoey ?aoaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai-
aeaea, ia ioeaca a ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, i ia-
?aaea/a cayaeaiey eee niiauaiey ii iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe
eee iiaenoaeiinoe, a oaeaea ii?yaeea i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee’
(niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo (‘no. 109 OIE). Aiaeiae/-
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iua ii?iu eiathony a OIE anao nithciuo ?anioaeee.
Eiiaaea iieaaatho, /oi i?iaa?ea cayaeaiee (.niia-
uaiee) i’ i?anooieaieyo inouanoaeyaony iaoiaeaie ia-
uaai iaaeci?a 8. N yoei iaeuecy niaeaneoueny. TH?eaee/an-
eay i?e?iaea yoie i?iaa?ee ii?aaeaeyaony oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiueai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii e iiyoiio ia iiaeao ia
eiaoue i?ioeannoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a,. I?ieo?i?, neaaeiaa-
oaeue, i?aai aeiciaiey, noae, i?iaa?yy cayaeaiea (niia-
uaiea) i ‘i?anooieaiee ;e i?eieiay ?aoaiea i aicaoae-
aeaiee eee ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea,
aeaenoaotho ia iniiaaiee i?aaeienaiee ii?i oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiiai! i?aaa; neaaeiaaoaeueii’, yoa eo aeayoaeue-
iinoue e .naycaiiua ‘a iae ioiioaiey yaeythony i?ioean-
noaeueiuie.
Ooaa?aeaeaiey i oii, /oi i?iaa?ea cayaeaiee (ni-
iauaiee) .i i?anooieaieyo ‘inouanoaeyaony a i?ioeanno-
aeueiuo oi?iao, ‘ia eieaaeao e niaea?aeauaany a /. 2
no. 109 OIE iieiaeaiea, niaeanii eioi?iio yoa i?i-
aa?ea ia iiaeao i?iaiaeeoueny n iiiiuueth neaaenoaaiiuo
aeaenoaee. I?ioeannoaeueiua aeaenoaey ia naiaeyony e neaae-
noaaiiui; ia .en/a?iuaathony ei.e. Ioiioaiey iaaeaeo
i?ioeannoaeueiuie i neaaenoaaiiuie aeaenoaeyie anoue io-
iioaiey ‘?iaea e aeaea: ethaia neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea ya-
eyaony i?ioeannoaeueiui, ii ia eaaeaeia i?ioeannoaeueiia
aeaenoaea yaeyaony aeaenoaeai neaaenoaaiiui. E /eneo
oaeeo i?ioeannoaeueiuo (ii i’a neaaenoaaiiuo) aeaenoaee e
ioiineony eno?aaiaaiea iaiaoiaeeiuo iaoa?eaeia, ii-
eo/aiea ‘iauyniaiee, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo aiciiaeii i?i-
ecaiaenoai i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooi-
eaieyo.
Oaeei ia?acii, i?eai, i?iaa?ea e ?ac?aoaiea ca-
yaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo, i?iaa?ea caeii-
iinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe i?eiyoiai ?aoaiey – yoi /anoue
oaieiaii-i?ioeainoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, naycaiiie n ?a-
oaieai aii?ina ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee ‘eee ia .ioeaca a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iniaaiiinoueth yoie aeayoaeue-
iinoe yaeyaony ia ionoonoaea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu, a
aa naiaia?acea. Ec yoiai iieiaeaiey auoaeaao i?eioee-
ieaeueiue auaiae: oaieiaiue i?ioeann ia/eiaaony ia n
iiiaioa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eae iieaaatho
(iaeioi?ua aaoi?u 9, a ‘n iiiaioa iinooieaiey a i?aaiu,
oiieiiii/aiiua ia aicaoaeaeaiea oaieiaiiai aeaea, naa-
aeaiee i’ niaa?oaiiii ye,e aioiayuainy ‘i?’anooieai>e,
o. a. n iiiaioa iiyaeaiey iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea10. Oaieiaii-i?ioeainoaeueiua ioiioaiey
aicieeatho iinea oiai, eae i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey,
i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea iieo/atho ecaanoea i’ niaa?oaiiii
eee aioiayuainy i?anooieaiee. Iieo/aiea oaeeo naaaea-
iee iaycuaaao niioaaonoaothueo eeoe auiieieoue aeae-
noaey, ninoaaeythuea a naiae niaieoiiinoe aeayoaeueiinoue
ii ?ac?aoaieth aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee ‘eee ia ioeaca
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai1 aeaea, ‘eioi?ay e ii?aaeaeyao
niaea?aeaiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo ioiioaiee a yoieue noaaeee
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. A i?ioeaiii neo/aa iu
iaecaaaeii i?eaeai e ‘auaiaeo, /oi’ noaaeey aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea ii nouanoao iaoiaeeony ca ?aieaie
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, iineieueeo a’iae yeiau ionoonoao-
tho oaieiaii-i?ioeainoaeueiua ioiioaiey e ia inouano-
aeyaony oaieiaii-i?iiannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue.
I?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea, i?aaiaay ?aaeaiaioaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe anao eeoe,
o/anoaothueo a yoie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, neo-
aeao iai?aiaiiui oneiaeai i?eiyoey caeiiiiai e iain-
iiaaiiiai ?aoaiey.
2. Na?aeoeaaeiie anae oaieiaii-i?ioeainoaeuiie aea-
yoaeueiinoe yaeyaony aeieacuaaiea.
N?aaee ‘niaaoneeo th?enoia iauai?eciaiiui yaeyao-
ny iiaiea, /oi aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ?aciiaeaeiinoue iiciaiey /a-
eiaaeii ‘iauaeoeaii nouanoaothuae, ?aaeueiie aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, iiae/eiyaony iauei caei-
iiia?iinoyi ia?enenonei-eaieineie oai?ee iiciaiey.
Oae aea, eae e a ae?oaeo noa?ao iauanoaaiiiai iicia-
iey, a oiaea aeieacuaaiey iinoaiaiii iaeaieeaathony
naaaeaiey ia eiaaoai ianoi niauoee; aia/aea io?uai/-
iua, iaiieiua, iaeiie?aoiua naaaeaiey noaiiayony iie-
iaa e eiie?aoiaa. Oae,
Oa?aeoa?ecoy i?ioeann iiciaiiy, A. E. Eaiei ie-
nae:
Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu – yoi ‘aaeeinoai /oanoaaiiiai e
?aoeeiiaeueiiai, yiie?e/aneiai e eiae/aneiai, iaiin?aae-
noaaiiiai e iiin?aaenoaiaaiiiai iiciaiey.
Yoe iieiaeaiey iieiinoueth ioiinyony e e aeieacu-
aaiith a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Enoeia a oai-
eiaiii i?ioeanna aeinoeaaaony a ?acoeueoaoa aeieacuaaiey,
eioi?ia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ia?ac?uaiia aaeeinoai
i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe ‘i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey,
.i?ieo?aoo?u e ‘noaea ii ‘niae?aieth e i?iaa?ea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa e iuneeoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, caeeth/athuaeny
a ‘ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, a iainiiaaiee auoaeathueo ec
ieo auaiaeia.
Iaeiaei i?aeoe/aneay e iuneeoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue,
aoaeo/e eiiiiiaioaie aaeeiiai, i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey,
nouanoaaiii ioee/athony ae?oa io ae?oaa: niae?aiea e
i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa – yoi aiaoia iauaeoeae?iaai-
iua aeaenoaey, eioi?ua iiaoo ?aaeaiaioe?iaaoueny ii?-
iaie i?aaa; aeayoaeueiinoue aea ii ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa
e iainiiaaieth auoaeathueo ec ieo auaiaeia a iaiueoae
noaiaie iiaeaa?aeaia i?aaiaiio ?aaoee?iaaieth, iineieue-
eo iia iiae/eiyaony iauaeoeaii nouanoaothuei, ia ca-
aenyuei io aiee ethaeae caeiiai iuoeaiey, i?aaeeai
eiaeee. Yoi iineoaeeei iaeioi?ui aaoi?ai iniiaaieai
aeey ooaa?aeaeaiey, /oi aeieacuaaiea – yoi eeoue i?ae-
oe/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue ii niae?aieth e enneaaeiaaieth
aeieacaoaeuenoa, a ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa eaaeaeo ca i?a-
aeaeaie i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey 13.
Ii ec oiai, /oi niae?aiea e i?iaa?ea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, n iaeiie noi?iiu, e eo ioeaiea – n ae?oaie,
i?aaenoaaeytho niaie aeaa aeaea aeayoaeueiinoe, iiae/eiy-
thueany ea/anoaaiii “acee/iui caeiiai, aiana ia nea-
aeoao, /oi aeayoaeueiinoue ii ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa aiia-
ua ia iiaeao ?aaoee?iaaoueny i?aaiauie ii?iaie. I?a-
aiaay ?aaeaiaioaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia aeiciaiey,
neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ii ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa
aiciiaeia. Aieaa oiai, iia ‘ai iiiaii i?aaeii?aaeaeyao
aeinoeaeaiea oeaee aeieacuaaiey – onoaiiaeaiey iauae-
oeaiie enoeiu. Ia neo/aeii iiyoiio, /oi enoiaeiua
iieiaeaiey ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, i?eiyoua oie eee
-eiie aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie ‘nenoaiie, ii?aaeaeytho anth
-no?oeoo?o e oa?aeoa? yoie nenoaiu eae niaoeeoe/aneie
aeey eaaeaeie aeaiiie enoi?e/aneie oi?iu i?ioeanna 14.
Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia i?aai ia onoaiaaeeaaao, ia
-eciaiyao e i’a ioiaiyao iauaeoeaiuo caeiiia iuoea-
iey, ‘iii ‘ia iiaeao ?aaoee?iaaoue iuneeoaeueioth aeayoaeue-
-iinoue ii nouanoao, /oi, iaeiaei, ia eneeth/aao aiciiae-
iinoe ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiey yoie aeayoaeueiinoe ii oi?ia,
i?y/ai yooaeoeaiinoue oaeie ?aaeaiaioaoeee ii?aaeaey-
aony oai, ianeieueei iia ioaa/aao iauaeoeaiui caei-
iiia?iinoyi. Niaaoneia oaieiaii-i?ioeainoaeueiia i?aai
onoaiaaeeaaao oaeie ii?yaeie niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee i
ioeaiee aeieacao’aeuenoa, eioi?ue canoaaeyao eeoe, inoua-
noaeythueo aeieacuaaiea, aeaenoaiaaoue e iuneeoue a ni”
ioaaonoaee n aiinaieiae/aneeie e ineoieiae/aneeie ca-
eii iia ?iinoyi.e, iai?aaeyy oai naiui eo i?aeoe/an-
eoth e oinoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ii i?aaeeueiiio iooe-
Caeii ii?aaeaeyao ‘i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ‘ii oaieiaiiio
aeaeo, enoi/ieee, niiniau’e ii?yaeie iieo/aiey oaeoe-
/aneeo aeaiiuo, eioi?ua eniieuecothony ‘a ea/anoaa aeieaca-
oaeuenoa,’ i?eioeeiu eo ioeaiee, iniiaaiey aeey i?eiyoey
oao eee eiuo ?aoaiee, iaia/aao aii?inu, iiaeeaaeauea
?anniio?aieth i?e i?eiyoee yoeo ?aoaiee. Oaeay i?ioean-
noaeueiay ?aaeaiaioaoeey ieacuaaao iaiin?aaenoaaiiia
aeeyiea ia iuneeoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue eeoe, inouano-
aeythueo aeieacuaaiea, i?aaeinoa?aaay eo io aiciiaeiuo
ioeaie e nicaeaaay oai naiui iaiaoiaeeiua oneiaey
aeey onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu ii eaaeaeiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo,
Aucuaaao aic?aaeaiea i oi/ea c?aiey ioaeaeueiuo
aaoi?ia, eioi?ua naiaeyo aeieacuaaiea oieueei e iunee-
oaeueiiio, eiae/aneiio i?ioeanno, a aeaenoaey i?aaiia
aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea, iai?aaeaiiua
ia niae?aiea e i?iaa?eo oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, ?anniao-
?eaatho eeoue eae i?aaeiinueeo aeieacuaaiey 15. Eae .ec-
aanoii, eiaeea iia?e?oao aioiauie iiiyoeyie, ioaea-
eaynue io ‘enoi/ieeia i i?aeoe/aneie i?iaa?ee eiathueo-
ny ciaiee. A i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea ‘aiciiaeii
oieueei n iiiiuueth aeieacaoaeuenoa, eioi?ua iieo/aiu e
i?iaa?aiu a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea, i?e/ai
ianiaethaeaiea o?aaiaaiee caeiia ioiineoaeueii ‘enoi/-
ieeia e niiniaia iie o/aiey e i?iaa?ee oaeoe/aneeo
aeaiiuo aea/ao iaaeiionoeiinoue eo eniieueciaaiey a ‘ea-
/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue oaeaea, /oi ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa.
iaioaeaeeia io eo niae?aiey e i?iaa?ee, oaea a oiaea
niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa i?ienoiaeeo ‘eo i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iay ioeaiea. Oaeei niiniaai i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa,
eae aiaeec niaea?aeaiey eaaeaeiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ni-
iinoaaeaiea aai n ae?oaeie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, eiathue-
ieny a aeaea, oaeaea i?enoue yeaiaiou ioeaii/iie aea-
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yoaeueiinoe. Iiyoiio i?aaenoaaeyaony iaoaea/iui ii?a-
aeaeaiea .iaeioi?uie a1aoi?aie niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee y
ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa eae yoaiia (noaaeee) ‘i?ioeanna
aeieacuaaiey 16, a ia eae aai yeaiaioia 17.
Iaeiaei aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
ia iiaeao auoue naaaeaii eeoue e niae?aieth, i?iaa?ea-
e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa. A niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie
oaie ia ii -‘i ?ioeanno ae ueiiai c a eiii ae a oae uenoa a, e a aeaeia
i?eieiaaiia ii aeaeo ?aoaiea aeieaeii auoue i’0’oea.e?i-
aaii, iainiiaaii eiathueieny aeaiiuie (no. no. 1A2,
113, 205, 314 e ae?. OIE). Iiyoiio a caaea/o eeoea, ino-
uanoaeythuaai aeieacuaaiea, aoiaeeo ia oieueei iiciaiea
oaeoia, ii e iainiiaaiea naieo auaiaeia n oeaeueth ia-
?aaea/e iieo/aiiuo naaaeaiee niioaaonoaothuaio aae?ana-
oo aeieacua.a.iey, o. .a. aeieacuaaiea ‘aeeth/aao a naay ae&a-
noi?iiu – ‘iiciaaaoaeueioth i oaeinoiaa?eoaeuioth.
Oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiay ‘noi?iia aeieacuaaiey eiaao ini-
aia cia/aiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Oaeoe/an-
eea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua, ii i’a cae?aieaiiua a onoa-
iiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea, ia iiaoo .eniieueciaaoueny a
ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa. Oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiay noi?iia aei-
eacuaaaaeey iaania/eaaao aiciiaeiinoue iiciaiey ianoi-
yoaeuenoa oaieiaiiai aeaea ia oieueei eeoeii, inouanoaey-
thuei aeieacuaaeea, ii e anaie o/anoieeaie noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa, /oi iicaieyao iineaaeiei iaeaieaa iieii ?a-
aeeciaaoue naie i?aaa ii’ o/anoeth a aeieacuaaiie; iia
niinianoaoao oi?ie?iaaieth aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey ee-
oea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a e
noaeae, nicaeaao iaiaoiaeeiua oneiaey aeey iainiiaaiey
‘e iioeae?iaaiey i?eieiaaiuo ?aoaiee, niaeaenoaoy
oai naiui onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu ii eaaeaeiio aeaeo.
Oaeei ‘ia?acii, aeieacuaaiea ianoiyoaeuenoa, eia-
thueo cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea, inouanoaeyaony a ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?ai-
iii caeiiii, :e caeeth/aaony a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia
aeiciaiey, .neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a e noaea ii niae?a-
ieth, i?iaa?ea e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa e iainiiaaieth-
?aoaiee, i?eieiaaiuo ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo.
Aianoa n oai iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai,
/oi i?aaiu aeiciaiey, ‘neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea
iiaoo iieo/eoue ciaiey ia ianoiyoaeuenoaao, iaiaoiaee-
iuo aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia
eia/a eae iooai i?ioeannoaeueiiai, aeieacuaaiey 18. Aei’ea-
11
cuaaiea – yoi eeoue iaeei., ii ia aaeeinoaaiiue niinia
iiciaiey yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa. I ieo iiaeii ociaoue e
a ?acoeueoaoa ‘i?iaaaeaiey iai?ioeanno aeuiuo aeaenoaee,
a /anoiinoe, iia?aoeaii-?icuneiuo ia?ii?eyoee. Oae-
oe/aneea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua oaeeie niiniaaie, ia ‘ii-
aoo auoue eniieueciaaiu aeey iainiiaaiey i?eieiaaiuo
ii aeaeo ?aoaiee. Oai ia iaiaa iie ea?atho i/aiue aaae-
ioth ?ieue: iie niaeaenoaotho aeieacuaaieth, iicaieyy
i?aaeeueii aua?aoue aai iai?aaeaiea, iiiiaay ii?aaea-
eeoue enoi/ieee, ec eioi?uo ;a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii
ii?yaeea iiaeii iieo/eoue iaiaoiaeeiua naaaeaiey, e o. i,
Iniaia cia/aiea eiaao eniieueciaaiea yoeo niiniaia
iiciaiey a noaaeee ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eiaaea
‘a ?anii?yaeaiee eeoea, ‘i?iecaiaeyuaai i?iaa?eo caya-
eaiey (niiauaiey) i i?anooieaiee, aua iao oao n?aaenoa,
eioi?uie iii ?aniieaaaao a noaaeeyo i?aaeaa?eoaeueiian-
?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aeey niae-
?aiey e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa.
3. I?ioeann aeieacuaaiey ia/eiaaony oaea a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea 19. Eaaeaeia ‘iinooieaoaa
a i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea cayaeaiea
(niiauaiea) i niaa?oaiiii eee aioiayuainy i?anooi-
eaiee aeieaeii auoue ouaoaeueii i?iaa?aii. Aeaenoaey
ii i?iaa?ea yoeo cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i?aaenoaaey-
tho niaie aeieacuaaiea, iineieueeo onoaiiaeaiea iaee/ey
yee ionoonoaey oneiaee, .iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, caeeth/aaony a auyniaiee a ii?aaeaeai-
iii caeiiii ii?yaeea ?yaea ianoiyoaeuenoa, /oi aiciiae-
ei eeoue iooai niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee e ioeaiee naaaeaiee
.ia yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao, o. a. iooai i?ioeannoaeueiiai
aeieacuaaiey.
A niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie no. no. 1A2 e 114
OIE, iaeiia?aiaiii n aicaoaeaeaieai oaieiaiiai aeaea,^
a oaeaea i?e ia?aaea/a cayaeaiey eee niiauaiey ii iiae-
neaaenoaaiiinoe eee iiaenoaeiinoe aeieaeiu auoue i?eiyou
.ia?u e i?aaeioa?auaieth .eee i?ana/aieth i?anooieaiey,
.cae?aieaieth aai neaaeia. Ia?u ii cae?aieaieth ‘e ni-
o?aiaieth neaaeia i?anooieaiey iai?aaeaiu aa iaan-
ia/aiea aiciiaeiinoe eo eniieueciaaiey a ea/anoaa aei-
eacaoaeuenoa a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo.
Ii anee yoe iaoa?eaeu, neaaeu i?anooieaiey iiaoo
eiaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea ia iineaaeothueo
noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai’ noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, oi oai aieaa iie
12
eiatho oaeia cia/aiea ia naiie ia?aie noaaeee i?i-
oeanna, iineieueeo eiaiii n eo iiiiuueth auyniyaony ia-
ee/ea eee ionoonoaea iniiaaiee ‘e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea.
?aoaiea’ i’ aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, eae e aia ae?oaea ?aoaiey a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aeieaeii iniiauaaoueny ea
aea. i?iecaieueiii oniio?aiee i?aaiia aeiciaiey, ‘neaae-
noaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea, a ia oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo,
iieo/aiiuo e’c oeacaiiuo caeiiii enoi/ieeia a onoa-
iiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea, o. a. i’a aeieacaoaeuenoaao.
Ia aeieacaoaeuenoaao aeieaeii auoue iniiaaii e ?aoaiea
i caaea?aeaiee iiaeic?aaaaiiai aeee i i?eiaiaiee e iaio
ia?u i?ana/aiey aei’ i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey, a oii
/enea e oiaaea, eiaaea iaiaoiaeeiinoue a i?eiyoee yoeo
ia? aicieeaao iaeiia?aiaiii! n aicaoaeaeaieai oaieia-
iiai’ aeaea. Ana yoi naeaeaoaeunoaoao ia ioeai/iinoe
ooaa?aeaeaiey, /oi niae?aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ia yaeyaony
oeaeueth noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea20.
Iiaiea ‘i’ oii, /oi a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
.iia.0 aeaea inouanoaeyaony ‘i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey, ?ac-
aeaeyaony ia .anaie o/aiuie. Oae, iai?eia?, I. A. AEi-
aa.i e O. I. Oaoeoeeei iieaaatho, /oi
Aiai?y, aea i niaea?aeaiee iinoaiiaeaiey ‘i. aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea, aaoi?u ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi iaeuecy o?a-
aiaaoue, /oiau iii iniiauaaeinue ia ?acaa?iooie nen-
oaia aeieacaoaeuenoa, iineieueeo a ia?aie noaaeee oai-
eiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eo aua ii/oe iao; ii yoi
iinoaiiaeaiea aeieaeii aeeth/aoue .aiaeec eiathueony
aeaiiuo, aeieaeii auoue iioeae?iaaii nnueeie ia iaeai-
eaa aaaeiua ec ieo 22.
Yoe niaa?oaiii i?aaeeueiua caia/aiey naiaeyo ea
iao enoiaeiia iieiaeaiea ia ionoonoaee aeieacuaaiey a
noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Aeaenoaeoaeueii,
a yoie noaaeee iao ,
ii yoi ia cia/eo, /oi a aeaiiie noaaeee aeieacaoaeuenoaa
ionoonoaotho aiiaua. Naie aaoi?u ioia/atho, /oi oae-
oe/aneea aeaiiua, eioi?ua auee nia?aiu a oiaea i?i-
aa?ee iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea n ni-
aethaeaieai oeacaiiiai’ a -caeiia ii?yaeea eo iieo/aiey,
yaeythony aeieacaoaeuenoaaie23, /oi i?e ?aoaiee aii-
13
?ina i ia?aaea/a aeiiaiiai ia ii?oie a niioaaonoaee
ni no. 10 OIE oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea
aai aeio a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, ia i?aaenoaaey-
.thuaai ‘aieueoie- iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe, aeieaeiu auoue
cae?aieaiu niioaaonoaothueie aeieoiaioaie (iauynia-
ieyie, i?ioieieaii, ni?aaeaie, oa?aeoa?enoeeaie y
o. i.), eioi?ua eiatho cia/aiea ienueiaiiuo [enoi/ieeia
aeieacaoaeuenoa24. Oaeei ia?acii, I. A. AEiaei o O. I.
Oaoeoeeei, .i?eciatho, ‘/oi c noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oai,-
.eiaiiai aeaea i?ienoiaeeo i?ioeann niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee
e ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, eioi?ua ‘eeaaeoony a iniiao
i?eieiaaiuo a yoie noaaeee ?aoaiee. Ii niae?aiea,
i?iaa?ea e ‘ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa – yoi yeaiaiou oai-
aeiaii-i?ioeainoaeueiiai. aeieacuaaiey. Ionthaea neaaeoao
‘auaiae, /oi’ aeieacuaaiea ia/eiaaony oaea a ia?aie noa-
aeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa25.
Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u n/eoatho, /oi aeieacuaaiea a noa-
aeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ia .yaeyaony aeiea-
cuaaieai a i?ioeannoaeueiii niunea yoiai neiaa. I. A.
Eoieiieay, iai?eia?, iieaaaao, /oi a eaaeaeie noaaeee
(eiatho ianoi yeaiaiou aeieacuaaiei – niae?aiea, i?i-
aa?ea. i ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, .ii i?eiaieoaeueii e noa-
aeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i aeieacuaaiee iiaeii
aiai?eoue eeoue eae i iiiyoee oai?ee iiciaiey, eae ia
ii?aaeaeaiiie eiae/aneie eaoaai?ee 26.
Iniiaaieai aeey oaeiai ooaa?aeaeaiey, eae aeaeii,
yaeyaony cai?auaiea i?iecaiaenoaa a noaaeee aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea eaeeo-eeai neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee.
Oae, I. A. Eoieineay ieoao:
i oii, /oi aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaoo ‘auoue nia?aiu eae io-
oai i?iecaiaenoaa neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee, oae e a ?a-
coeueoaoa eiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee 28.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii,, i?iecaiaenoai neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee 29 – ia aaeeinoaaiiue niinia .niae?aiey aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. A yoeo oeaeyo iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu e Ae?o-
aea i?ioeannoaeueiua n?aaenoaa, e eioi?ui ioiinyony, a
/anoiinoe, o?aaiaaiea io o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee, i?-
aaiecaoeee, aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe ;e a?aaeaeai i?aaenoaaeaiey
E
i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, iiaoueo onoaiiaeoue iaiaoi-
aeeiua ii aeaeo oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, o?aaiaaiea i?i-
ecaiaenoaa ?aaecee (/. 1 no. 70 OIE). Aeieacaoaeuenoaa
iiaoo auoue i?aaenoaaeaiu o/anoieeaie i?ioeanna, a
oaeaea ethauie a?aaeaeaiaie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaei?e-
yoeyie, i?aaiecaoeeyie (/. 2 no. 70 OIE). Yoe niiniau
.
iieo/aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa oeacaiu a caeiia ia?yaeo n
aiciiaeiinoueth i?iecaiaenoaa neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee.
Iiyoiio iaeuecy i?eciaoue i?aaeeueiui -ooaa?aeaeaiea, /oi
iie inouanoaeythony a ?aieao niioaaonoaothueo neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee (iai?eia?, i?aaenoaaeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa o/anoieeaie i?ioeanna naycaii n auaieie; en-
o?aaiaaiea aeieoiaioa, ‘eiathuaai i?eciaee aauanoaai-
iiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa, – n iniio?ii, e o. i.) 30. Neaaeoao
ioiaoeoue oaeaea, /oi aaoi?u, io?eoeathuea aiciiaeiinoue
niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa aac .iiiiue neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee, aiai?yo i’ i?aaenoaaeaiee e eno?aaiaaiee i?aae-
iaoia e aeieoiaioia, eioi?ua oaea nouanoaotho e ii-
iaioo niaa?oaiey .niioaaonoaothuaai’ neaaea oaaii aai aeae-
noaey. Ii, iie ia oeacuaatho, a ?aieao eaeiai neaaenoaai-
iiai aeaenoaey inouanoaeyaony, iai?eia?, o?aaiaaiea i
i?iecaiaenoaa ?aaecee, i i?aaenoaaeaiee ni?aaee, oa?ae-
oa?enoeee, eiiee enoi?ee aieacie, o. a. i iieo/aiee
aeieoiaioia, ‘eioi?ua aua ‘i?aaenoieo ninoaaeoue.
Caiaoei, /oi iaeioi?ua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey ii-
aoo i?iaiaeeoueny e aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Oae, iai?eia?, a neo/ayo, ia oa?iyueo ioeaaaoaeuenoaa,
aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao ‘auoue ‘i?iecaa-
aeai iniio? ianoa i?ienoanoaey ,(/. ‘2 no. 17,8 OIE).
A oiaea iniio?a ianoa i?ienoanoaey aiciiaeii oaeaea
i?iecaiaenoai iniio?a i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, iaia?o-
aeaiiuo ia ianoa i?ienoanoaey (/. 5 no. 179 OIE).
A neo/ayo, eiaaea i?eciaee i?anooieaiey ‘iaia?oaeeaatho
‘iaiin?aaenoaaiii, i?aai aeiciaiey, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo-
?i? eee .noae a i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa .ii ae?oaiio aeaeo,
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai, aeaea oaeaea onoa-
iaaeeaathony n iiiiuueth .oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iieo-
/aiiuo a ?acoeueoaoa i?iecaiaenoaa neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee a oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey eee noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeue-
noaa ia?aiai aeaea. Iaeiaei I. A. Eoieineay n/eoaao,
/oi auaiae ia .ionoonoaee i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey
a ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
iueai. Anee ?aoaiea aii?ina i iaee/ee ie.e ionoonoaee
aeieacuaaiey a oie eee eiie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?i-
oeanna naycuaaoue n aiciiaeiinoueth i?iecaiaenoaa a iae
neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee (eae iieaaaao e I. A. Eoiei-
neay), oi eae iiaeii io?eoeaoue ‘i?ioeannoaeueiue oa?ae-
oa? aeieacuaaiey ;a ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-
ea a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea niae?aiea e i?iaa?ea aeiea-
caoaeuenoa inouanoaeythony n iiiiuueth neaaenoaaiiuo aeae-
noaee?
Ia iniiaaiee eceiaeaiiiai neaaeoo i?eeoe e au-
aiaeo, /oi ;a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ino-
uanoaeyaony aeieacuaaiea. Ii ‘iii ‘ioee/aaony ii?aaea-
eaiiuie iniaaiiinoyie io aeieacuaaiey a ae?oaeo noa-
aeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Yoe iniaaiiinoe ea-
nathony i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey, n?aaenoa aeieacucaiey
(aeieacaoaeuenoa), i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey.
Ai-ia?auo, a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
niaoeeoe/ai nai i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey, iineieueeo a oea-
eyo i?iaa?ee naaaeaiee i aioiayuainy eee niaa?oai-
iii i?anooieaiee i?iecaiaenoai neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee,
eae i?aaeei’, iaaeiionoeii; aeieacuaaiea inouanoaeyao-
ny n iiiiuueth eiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee.
Ai-aoi?uo, aeey onoaiiaeaiey iaee/ey eee ionoo-
noaey oneiaee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea, i?eaeaeathony ia ana enoi/ieee oaeoe/aneeo
aeaiiuo, ia?a/eneaiiua a /. 2 no. .69 OIE, a eeoue
iaeioi?ua ec ieo. Oaeeie enoi/ieeaie yaeythony, ia-
i?eia?, aeieoiaiou, i?aaenoaaeaiiua cayaeoaeai ‘i’ i?a-
nooieaiee eee eiuie eeoeaie, a oaeaea iieo/aiiua ii
eieoeeaoeaa i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a
eee noaea. A ea/anoaa enoi/ieeia oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo
ia iiaoo ‘eniieueciaaoueny iieacaiey naeaeaoaeae, iioa?-
iaaoeo, iiaeic?aaaaiuo, iaaeiyaiuo, oae eae yoe o/a-
noieee noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iiyaeythony a aieaa iicaeieo
noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Enoi/ieeaie oaeoe/an-
eeo aeaiiuo a noaaeee ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i’a
iiaoo auoue oaeaea e ‘i?ioieieu neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee,
iineieueeo yo i?iecaiaenoai, ca iaeioi?ui’eneeth/aieai,
ia aeaiiii yoaia cai?auaii. Aianoa n oai ia yoie noa-
aeee aiciiaeiu e .eiua, oa?aeoa?iua oieueei aeey iaa
enoi/ieee oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iai?eia?, iauyniaiey
i?aaeaeai e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe.
–’16
E, iaeiiaoe, a-o?aoeeo. ii?aaeaeaiiua ioiaaiaeinoe
eiatho i?aaeiao y i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey i?e ?aoaiee
aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
2. Caaea/e aeieacuaaiey a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
Aeieacuaaiea – yoi iniiaiay /anoue anae oaieiaai-
i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe; iiyoiio 1iiae,ei neacaoue,
/oi caaea/e aeieacuaaiey a eiia/iii n/aoa ‘yaeythony
caaea/aie oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
A no. 2 Iniia (no. 2 OIE) oeacaiu caaea/e, eioi-
?ua yaeythony .iaueie aeey oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
a oeaeii. Aianoa n oai eaaeaeay aai ioaeaeueiay noaaeey
eiaao iniaua, ‘i?enouea oieueei ae caaea/e, eioi?ua
i?iecaiaeiu io .iaueo caaea/ oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Oa-
eei ia?acii, niioiioaiea iaaeaeo yoeie aeaoiy a?oiia-
ie caaea/ anoue niioiioaiea iaaeaeo .iauei e .ioaeaeueiui,
/anoiui, aaeeie/iui. A. E. Eaiei ienae, /oi
ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii i?iyaeythony, eiie?aoece?othony
caaea/e noaeii?iecaiaenoaa a oeaeii.
Iniiaiie caaea/ae ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa yaeyaony onoaiiaeaiea iaee/ey eee io-
noonoaey oneiaee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. I?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo-
?u e noaea i?ecaaiu, n iaeiie noi?iiu, ?aaae?iaaoue ia
eaaeaeue oaeo, a eioi?ii oniao?eaathony i?eciaee i?a-
nooieaiey, a .n ae?oaie – ia aeiioneaoue aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea i?e .iaee/ee ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/a-
thueo i?iecaiaenoai! ii aeaeo. Ia yoii yoaia oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ia noaayony e ia ?ac?aoathony caaea/e
aeinoiaa?iiai’ onoaiiaeaiey oaeoa [niaa?oaiey i?anooi-
eaiey, eciaee/aiey i?anooiieea, iineieueeo aua ia ?a-
oai aii?in i oi.i, eiathony .ee aeinoaoi/iua iniiaaiey
i?aaeiieaaaoue iaee/ea a aeayiee, i eioi?ii iinooieei
cayaeaiea (‘niiauaiea), i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey. Ii-
yoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi
2. I. I. Eociaoei (“‘”” “” ‘””””
“”‘” ‘ ‘ -o’oo
A ey. 44.
E?iia oiai, caeii iaycuaaao i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaae-
noaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea i?e i?eiyoee’ ?aoaiey i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee i ia?aaea/a cayaeaiey
(niiauaiey) ii’ iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe eee iiaenoaeiinoe i?e-
iyoue ia?u e i?aaeioa?auaieth eee i?ana/aieth i?anooi-
eaiey (no. no. 1’12, 114 OIE).
Ii iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi’ a neo-
/aa ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea caaea/a ii
22
i?iaaaeaieth ia?ii?eyoee ii i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth i?anooi-
eaiee aeieaeia a iieiii ‘iauaia ?aoaoueny a ‘noaaeee aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai, aeaea45. ‘A no. E1 OIE aiai?eony
i iaiaoiaeeiinoe auyniaiey i?e/ei ,e oneiaee, niinia-
noaiaaaoeo niaa?oaieth i?anooieaiey, a ia ethaiai
ae?oaiai i?aaiia?ooaiey. Anee a oiaea i?iaa?ee iinoo-
ieaoaai cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) auynieony, /oi’ oeacai-
iia a iai aeayiea yaeyaony ia i?anooieaieai, a aaeie-
ieno?aoeaiui, a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaui eee aeenoeeieeia?-
iui i?aaiia?ooaieai, oi auyaeaiea i?e/ei e onei-
aee, niinianoaiaaaoeo aai niaa?oaieth, aeieaeii inoua-
noaeyoueny niioaaonoaaiii iaoiaeaie aaeieieno?aoeaiiai,
a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaiai’, aeenoeeieeia?iiai’, ii ia oaieia-
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a. A i?ioeaiii neo/aa
i?aaiu, i?ecaaiiua aanoe ‘ai?ueao n i?anooiiinoueth, iea-
aeoony caiyouie auiieiaieai ianaienoaaiiuo ei ooie-
oeee.
Iaeoae eae caaea/ oaieiaiiai–noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
/eoae ainieoaoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue ‘ia-
uae i aa/iie nioeeaeueiie eaoaai?eae, iacuaae aa acao-
eie anae ‘th?eaee/aneie ?aaiou46.
E, E E^
Caaea/a ainieoaiey a?aaeaeai a aeooa iaoeeiiiiai
eniieiaiey niaaoneeo caeiiia e oaaaeaiey i?aaee ni-
oeeaeenoe/aneiai iauaaeeoey noieo e ia?aae noaaeeae aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Naii ii naaa aicaoaeaeaiea
oaieiaiiai aeaea a eaaeaeii neo/aa iaia?oaeaiey i?ecia-
eia i?anooieaiey ieacuaaao aieueoia ainieoaoaeueiia
aicaeaenoaea ia a?aaeaeai, oaaaeaeay eo a oii, /oi a ni-
oeeaeenoe/aneii iauanoaa ie ‘iaeii eeoei, niaa?oeaoaa
i?anooieaiea, ia iiaeao inoaoueny aaciaeacaiiui.
A niioaaonoaee ‘ni’ no. .1’0 OIE, noae, i?ieo?i?, a
oaeaea neaaeiaaoaeue e i?aai aeiciaiey, n niaeaney i?i-
eo?i?a, ai?aaa iai?aaeyoue iaoa?eaeu aac aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea aeey i?eiaiaiey e eeoeo, niaa?-
oeaoaio i?anooieaiea, ia? iauanoaaiiiai, ‘aicaeaenoaey,
anee iie oaa?aiu,’ /oi’ ‘a ?acoeueoaoa oaeiai ?aoaiey ao-
aeao aeinoeaioo iaaeeaaeauee ainieoaoaeueiue yooaeo. On-
oaiiaeaiea ianoiyoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?aaeeue-
iiai i?eiaiaiey oeacaiiie ii?iu, yaeyaony caaea/ae
Aeieacuaaiey ‘a ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iaeiaei ia?aaea/a iaoa?eaeia aac aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea aeey ‘i?eiaiaiey ‘ia? iauanoaaiiiai aic-
23
aeaenoaey iiaeao i?eaanoe e iaauiieiaieth ae?oaeo caaea/
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa: iaiieiiio ?ane?uoeth
i?anooieaiey, oaeoe/aneie [iaaeieacaiiinoe .aeiu eeoea,
niaa?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea, ia onoaiiaeaieth i?e/ei ‘e
oneiaee, niinianoaiaaaoeo niaa?oaieth i?anooieaiey.
I?aaenoaaeyaony oaeaea, /oi’ iaeaieueoaa ‘ainieoaoaeueiia
‘aicaeaenoaea ia eeii, niaa?oeaoaa i?anooieaiea, iiaeao
ieacaoue eiaiii noaeaaiia ?acae?aoaeuenoai niaa?oaiiiai
ii aeayiey 47, a ia ioeac a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aea-
ea a ‘nayce n ia?aaea/ae .iaoa?eaeia ia ?ainii o?aiea
iauanoaaiiinoe, ‘/oi iiaeao ii?iaeeoue o yoiai eeoea ‘ee-
ethceth a ac i aea c aiiin o’e.
E?iia oiai, iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi iieiaeaiea,
cae?aieaiiia a no. 10 OIE, yaeyaony ‘eneeth/aieai ec
i?aaeea, onoaiiaeaiiiai no. 3 OIE, niaeanii eioi?iio
oaieiaiia aeaei’ aeieaeii ‘auoue aicaoaeaeaii ‘a eaaeaeii
neo/aa iaia?oaeaiey i?eciaeia ‘i?anooieaiey. Iii ia
niioaaonoaoao e o?aaiaaieyi no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?
(no. 172 Eiinoeoooeee ?NON?), a eioi?ie aiai?eony,
/oi oieueei noae ai?aaa i?eciaoue oi eee eiia eeoei ae-
iiaiui ;a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey. Neaaeiaaoaeueii,
oieueei thoae iaaeaeai i?aaii ‘i?eciaoue /aeiaaea aeiia-
iui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey e inaiaiaeeoue aai. io
iaeacaiey n oai, /oiau e iaio .auee i?eiaiaiu ia?u
iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey 48.
Iaeiaei iaeioi?ua aaoi?u n/eoatho aiciiaeiui ni-
o?.aiioue ‘nouanoaothuee iuia ii?yaeie aeinoaeaaiiai in-
^i;a’i1aeaea’i:e’y eeoea io oaieiaiie ‘ioaaonoaaiiinoe n ii-
neaaeothuei i?eiaiaieai ia? aaeieieno?aoeaiiai eee
iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey, ‘iieaaay, /oi oaeia inai-
aiaeaeaiea ia iiaeao ?anniao?eaaoueny eae i?eciaiea ee-
oea aeiiaiui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey ‘a niunea
‘no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?. Ii eo iiaieth, a iiaeiaiuo
neo/ayo iniiaaieai aeey i?eiaiaiey ia? aaeieieno?a-
oeaiiai eee iauanoaaiiiai aicaeaenoaey yaeyaony ia
‘i?anooieaiea, a iaee/ea ‘a aeayiey eeoea, inaiaiaeaeaaii-
ai io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i?eciaeia aaeieieno-
?aoeaiiai ia?ooaiey eee aioeiauanoaaiiiai i?inooi-
ea 4Y.
N yoie oi/eie c?aiey niaeaneoueny iaeuecy, ii'(aeieue-‘
eo iia iicaieyao ‘naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi i?eciaiea aeayiey
i?anooiiui eee .iai?anooiiui caaeneo ia ‘io i?aaeie-
naiee caeiia, a io ‘noauaeoeaiiai oniio?aiey neaaei-
24
aaoaey. A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe aea yoi’ ia oae. Aney ‘aoaeao
onoaiiaeaii, /oi ‘niaa?oaiiia aeayiea- i?aae o niio?aii
ii?iaie oaieiaiiai i?aaa, ‘yoi aeayiea aeieaeii ?an-
niao?eaaoueny eae i?anooiiia iacaaeneii io oiai, aoaeao
eeoei, aai niaa?oeaoaa, i?eaea/aii ‘e oaieiaiie ioaao-
noaaiiinoe eee inaiaiaeaeaii io iaa a ‘nayce n i?eiaia-
ieai ia? aaeieieno?aoeaiiai .eee iauanoaaiiiai’ aic-
aeaenoaey50. Iiyoiio i?ae?auaiea aeaea ii ia?aaaeee-
oe?othuei iniiaaieyi i?aaeiieaaaao i?eciaiea eeoea
aeiiaiui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, /oi, a niioaao-
noaee ni no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?, iieiiii/ai naeaeaoue
oieueei noae.
Ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u, ioia/ay ?acee/ea iiiyoee
/oi ‘nooue i?eciaiey aeiiaiui neaaeoao ‘aeaeaoue a ‘ianooi-
eaiee oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i?aoa?iaaaiee io?e-
oeaoaeueiuo iineaaenoaee ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?eioaeaeaiey,
aeaaea e i?e inaiaiaeaeaiee io iaeacaiey. Anee aea eeoei,
niaa?oeaoaa i?anooieaiea, inaiaiaeaeaaony ia oieueei io
iaeacaiey, ii e ‘io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, oi aeey
i?eiyoey oaeiai ‘?aoaiey aeinoaoi/ii eeoue onoaiiaeoue
aeio yoiai eeoea, eiinoaoe?iaaoue iaee/ea eioi?ie ii’-
aoo i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey. Ia yoii iniiaaiee aeaea-
aony auaiae i oii, /oi’ eiathony i?aaiaua i?aaeiinueee
aeey nio?aiaiey ca i?aaiaie ?anneaaeiaaiey aiciiaeiin-
oe inaiaiaeaeaiey io oaieiaiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe e ‘ia-
eacaiey, oae eae onoaiiaeaiea yoeie i?aaiaie oaeoa
niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey ia icia/aao i?eciaiey aeiu
a ea/anoaa iaycaoaeueiiai n oi/ee c?aiey caeiia aino-
aea?noaaiiiai ii?eoeaiey ca i?anooieaiea 51.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, iiiyoey
ia ?aaiicia/iu: i?eciaoue /aei-
aaea aeiiaiui a niaa?oaiey ‘i?anooieaiey iiaeao oieue-
ei ‘noae, onoaiiaeoue aea aeio yoiai’ eeoea iaiaoiaeeii oaea
a ‘noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey. I?aaenoaaey-
aony, iaeiaei, /oi aii?in ia inaiaiaeaeaiey eeoea io oai-
eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca niaa?oaiiia i?anooieaiea
.iiaeao auoue ?aoai oieueei iinea i?eciaiey aai’ aeiia-
-iui ‘a niaa?oaiee yoiai i?anooieaiey oiieiiii/ai-
iui ia oi ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiii (noaeii).
Ia iao acaeyae, ethaua iiiuoee iainiiaaoue aiciiae-
iinoue nio?aiaiey nouanoaothuaai ii?yaeea i?ae?auaiey
oaieiaiuo aeae ii ia?aaaeeeoe?othuei ‘iniiaaieyi a ae.i-
25
noaeaaiuo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. i?ioeai?a/ao
no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?. O/eouaay yoi, iu iiaeaea?-
aeeaaai iiaiea aaoi?ia, i?aaeeaaathueo eneeth/eoue ec
aeaenoaothuaai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa no. 10 OIE52. E?iia
oiai, iaiaoiaeeii eneeth/eoue e ii?iu, aeiioneathuea ‘aic-
iiaeiinoue ‘ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee
aai ‘i?ae?auaiey ii ia?aaaeeeoe?othuei iniiaaieyi
i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, neaaeiaaoaeai .e i?ieo?i?ii (i. i. 3,
4, 8 no. 5, ‘no. no. 6, 62-9 OIE). Niioaaonoaothuea ec-
iaiaiey iaaeeaaeeo .aianoe y a oaieiaiia .caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noai.
Ioaeaeueiua .aaoi?u n/eoatho, /oi oeaeueth aeieacuaa-
iey a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai!, aeaea yaeyaony
oaeaea niae?aiea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo aeey auaeaeaeaiey
e ?ac?aaioee anao aiciiaeiuo aeey ?anniao?eaaaiiai
neo/ay neaaenoaaiiuo aa?nee53. N yoei iiaieai niaea-
neoueny iaeuecy, iineieueeo aeeth/aiea a i?aaeiao i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiie i?iaa?ee ianoiyoaeuenoa, auyniaiea eioi-
?uo .iaiaoiaeeii’ aeey iino?iaiey neaaenoaaiiuo aa?nee,
i?aa?aoeei au yoo i?iaa?eo a no??iaao ?anneaaeiaaiey,
ioaeaeeei au iiiaio aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, /oi
anaaaea iaaeaaii?eyoii’ neacuaaaony ia ia?niaeoeaao
?anneaaeiaaiey. E?iia oiai, onoaiiaeaiea yoeo ianoi-
yoaeuenoa eiaiii ‘a ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
ia aucuaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoueth, oae eae a oiaea i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey iie iiaoo ‘auoue auyniaiu
n aieueoae ‘iieiioie. Iaeiaei’ yoi’ ia cia/eo, /oi iaoa-
?eaeu i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie .i?iaa?ee aiiaua iaeuecy en-
iieueciaaoue aeey iino?iaiey neaaenoaaiiuo .aa?nee. Ia-
i?ioea, iie eiatho aieueoia cia/aiea aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
iai?aaeaiey ?anneaaeiaaiey, iienea aeieacaoaeuenoa
e o. i.
Niaaoneia oaieiaiiai?ioeainoaeueiia caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noai onoaiaaeeaaao iniaue ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiuo aeae i i?anooieaieyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo /. I
no. 96 .e /. 1 no. .206 OE ?NON? 54. Ii yoei oaieiaiui
aeaeai ia o?aaoaony i?iecaiaenoai’ i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey; iaeiia?aiaiii n aicaoaeaeaieai oaieiaiiai
aeaea ia oeacaiiuo ‘i?anooieaieyo noaeuey (noae) i?eie-
iaao ?aoaiea e i i?aaeaiee noaeo eeoe, eo niaa?oeaoeo
(no. 418 OIE).
Iaeioi?ua o/aiua ‘e i?aeoe/aneea ?aaioieee, aiai-
?y i iaiaoiaeeiinoe onei?aiey oaieiaiiai, noaeii?iec-
26
aiaenoaa, i?aaeeaaatho ioeacaoueny io iaycaoaeueiiai i?i-
ecaiaenoaa ?anneaaeiaaiey e ii aeaeai i ae?oaeo i?anooi-
eaieyo, ia .i?aaenoaaeythueo aieueoie ‘iauanoaaiiie
iianiinoe55. ‘,E /eneo oaeeo i?anooieaiee ‘iau/ii io-
iinyo iaia?eaaiea e iaaaoeaaiea iieoiaoaeae, naii-
aiiiaa?aiea, a?aeiiuea?noai’ e o. i.
N yoie oi/eie c?aiey niaeaneoueny iaeuecy. Anyeia
i?aaeeiaeaiea ia eciaiaiee i?ioeannoaeueiiai’ ii?yaeea
a oeaeii eee i ia?aniio?a ioaeaeueiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo
einoeoooia e ii?i neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue n iiceoeee,
aoaeao ee iii niinianoaia.aoue eo/oaio auiieiaieth ca-
aea/ oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aoaeao ee ‘iii niaea-
niauaaoueny n aai aeaiie?aoe/aneeie
i?eioeeiaie 56. Ca-
aea/e oaieiaiiai1 i?ioeanna ‘a oeaeii iiaoo auoue oniaoii
auiieiaiu eeoue i?e oneiaee, anee aoaeoo ?aoaiu ca-
aea/e eaaeaeie ec ‘aai ioaeaeueiuo noaaeee. A eaeay oi?iua-
iey noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ioeac io i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey ioaeaeueiuo eaoaai?ee oaieiaiuo aeae iiaoo
iiiaoaoue auiieiaieth caaea/ oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, ii-
neieueeo .caaea/e yoie ‘noaaeee, ,a oaeaea noaaeee aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai’ aeaea ii iiaeaioiaea oneiaee aeey on-
iaoiiai ?anniio?aiey aeaea a noaea aoaeoo aiceiaeaiu
ia noae, eioi?ue, oaeei ia?acii, noaiao auiieiyoue ia-
naienoaaiiua ‘aio ooieoeee. Iiyoiio i?aaenoaaeyaony i?a-
aeeueiie oi/ea c?aiey aaoi?ia, aunooiathueo i?ioea
eeeaeaeaoeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ‘ii ioaeaeue-
iui eaoaai?eyi oaieiaiuo aeae 57.
Aeaaa II
I?AAeIAO E I?AAeAEU AeIEACUAAIEss
A NOAAeEE AICAOAEAeAIEss
OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
1. I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
1. I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo i?aae-
noaaeyao niaie nenoaio ianoiyoaeuenoa, onoaiiaeaiea .ei-
oi?uo iaiaoiaeeii aeey i?aaeeueiiai! ?ac?aoaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea e1 auiieiaiey caaea/ oaieiaiiai’, noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa.
I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey eiaao neiaeioth no?oeoo?o.
Iniiaiie ‘aai’ /anoueth yaeythony ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iiaeea-
aeauea aeiea cu aaii th ii anai ‘aac eneeth/aiey oaieia-
iui aeaeai (‘no. 68 OIE). Caeiiii onoaiiaeaiu oaeaea
ianoiyoaeuenoaa, auyniaiea eioi?uo iaiaoiaeeii ii io-
aeaeueiui eaoaai?eyi oaieiaiuo aeae: i’ i?anooieaieyo
i’aniaa?1oaiii’e’aoieo (no. 392 OIE), ia iauanoaaiii
iianiuo aeayieyo iaaiaiyaiuo, a oaeaea i i?anooieaie-
yo eeoe, caaieaaoeo aeooaaiie ‘aieaciueth iinea niaa?-
oaiey i?anooieaiey (no. 404 OIE), e o. i. Iiieii
yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey aoiaeyo ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, eneeth/athuea i?iecaiaenoai ii oaieiaii-
io aeaeo (no. 5 O.IE), aeathuea iniiaaiea aeey i?ae?a-.
uaiey oaieiaiiai aeae.a aneaaenoaea eciaiaiey ianoaiia-
ee, a nayce n i?eiaiaieai ia? aaeieieno?aoeaiiai acun-
eaiey, n ia?aaea/ae oaieiaiiai aeaea ia ?anniio?aiea
oiaa?euaneiai noaea eee eiiennee ei aeaeai ianiaa?-
oaieieaoieo, eee a nayce n ia?aaea/ae aeiiaiiai ia ii-
?oee (‘no. no. 6-9 OIE). Ana’ yoe ianoiyoaeanoa.a eia-
tho iaiin?aaenoaaiiia th?eaee/aneia cia/aiea aeey i?a-
aeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ‘aoiaeyo e eiua iaoiyoaeue-
noaa, iaiaoiaeeiinoue auyniaiey iaee/ey eee ionoonoaey
eioi?uo oioy i?yii e ia oeacaia a caeiia, ii aac on-
oaiiaeaiey .eioi?uo oaeaea iaaiciiaeii i?aaeeueii ?ac-
28
?aoeoue oaieiaiia aeaei. .E iei ioiinyony, a /anoiinoe>
aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oaeou1., ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea
cia/aiea aeey ‘ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, e ae?.
Aeey ‘i?eiyoey caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey
ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo ana ianoiyoaeuenoaa, oeacaiiua a ca-
eiia, aeieaeiu auoue onoaiiaeaiu aeinoiaa?ii. Aeinoiaa?ii
aeieaeiu auoue onoaiiaeaiu e oa aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oae-
ou, ‘n iiiiuueth .eioi?uo auyniythony yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa,
iineieueeo aeey iieo/aiey enoeiiiai auaiaea iaiaoiaeeii,
/oiau enoeiiuie auee e oa iinueee, ia iniiaaiee
eioi?uo yoio auaiae aeaeaaony. Aeey oiai aea, /oiau oio
eee eiie oaeo iia auoue i?eciai aeinoiaa?iui, ii aeie-
aeai ‘auoue aeieacai. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n oo-
aa?aeaeaieai, /oi aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oaeou ia aoiaeyo
a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey 2.
Aucuaaao aic?aaeaiea e auneacuaaiea ‘ioaeaeueiuo
aaoi?ia ‘i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?acee/aoue i?aaeiao aeieacuaa-
iyy e i?aaeiao iiciaiey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Noi?ii-
ieee yoie oi/ee c?aiey iieaaatho, /oi iiiyoea i?aaeia-
oa iiciaiey ‘oe?a, /ai eiiyoea ‘i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey.
Iie .ia?aie/eaatho i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiiy oieueei e?o-
aii ‘ianoiyoaeuenoa, oeacaiiuo a no. 68 OIE e a oao
noaoueyo OIE, eioi?ua i?aaeoniao?eaatho ianoiyoaeuenoaa,.
eiathuea ‘iniaia cia/aiea ii ioaeaeueiui eaoaai?eyi
oaieiaiuo aeae (no. no. 392, 404 OIE), a aeieacaoaeue-
noaaiiua oaeou, eae e .eiua ‘ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea
cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea,
ii .auoiaeyuea ca ?aiee i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiyy, aeeth-
/atho a i?aaeiao iiciaiey 3.
Oaeie iiaeoiae e ii?aaeaeaieth niaea?aeaiey iiiyoey
i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey iiaeao nicaeaoue i?aa?aoiia aia-
/aoeaiea, /oi ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo aeieaeiu ‘auoue aeiea-
caiu oieueei ianoiyoaeuenoaa, oeacaiiua a oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiii caeiia. *oi aea eanaaony aeieacaoaeuenoaai-
iuo oaeoia e eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, yeiau eaaeaueo ca
i?aaeaeaie i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey, oi aeey eo onoaiia-
eaiey iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny ia oieueei oaeoe/aneea aeai-
iua, nia?aiiua, i?iaa?aiiua e ioeaiaiiua a onoaiia-
eaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea (o. a. aeieacaoaeuenoaa), ii e
naaaeaiey, ia ‘yaeythueany aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, iai?eia?,
iieo/aiiua ‘iia?aoeaiui iooai, iineieueeo aeieacua.a-
iea – ,ia ‘aaeeinoaaiiue niinia iiciaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa,
eiathueo cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oai-
29
eiaiiai aeaea. A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe aea ana oaeou e ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea ii oai-
eiaiiio aeaeo, ‘iiaeeaaeao aeieacuaaieth, iiyoiio ana iie
aeieaeiu auoue ‘aeeth/aiu a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey.
2. Ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey i?aaeeueiiai
?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, aeieaeiu ‘auoue onoaiia-
eaiu a iieiii ‘iauaia a noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e a oiaea noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. A yoii
niunea iiaeii ‘aiai?eoue ‘i’ [aaeeiii i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiiy
a yoeo e iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo noaaeeyo i?ioeanna. Ii auei-
au iai?.a.aeeuei.I! iieaaaoue, /oi’ ‘ana
ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eia-
thuea cia/aiea aeey aeaea, aeieaeiu !A ?aaiie ia?a en-
neaaeiaaoueny ai anao aac eneeth/aiey noaaeeyo. Niaoeeoe-
ea eiie?aoiuo caaea/ iaeioi?uo noaaeee oaieiaiiai no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa ii?aaeaeyao iniaaiiinoe i?aaeiaoa aeiea-
cuaaiey ia yoeo noaaeeyo. A /anoiinoe, aeey aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe a enneaaeiaaiee
‘anao ianoiyoaeuenoa, eiathueo cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeue-
iiai ?ac?aoaiey aeaea. Eo auyniaiea yaeyaony caaea/ae
iineaaeothueo noaaeee i?ioeanna. Noaouey 108 OIE onoa-
iaaeeaaao, /oi’ aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea aeinoaoi/ii onoaiiaeoue eeoue i?eciaee
I?anooieaiey. ‘Neaaeiaaoaeueii, a ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey aoaeao oaea, /ai a
ae?oaeo ‘noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Neacaiiia aeaao iniia.aiea ia ‘niaeaneoueny n iiaie-
ai aaoi?ia, iieaaathueo, /oi i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ia-
uee (
aeaiea e ooaa?aeaeaiea i oii, /oi ‘i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey
oioy e yaeyaony iauei aeey anao noaaeee oaieiaiiai no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa, ii ia ‘ioaeaeueiuo aai ‘noaaeeyo onoaiaa-
eeaaaony eeoue /anoue aoiaeyueo a iaai ianoiyoaeuenoa,
/oi ?aaeueiue iauai i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ia eaaeaeie
noaaeee oaieiaiiai’ i?ioeanna ia?ac?uaii’ naycai n aa ca-
aea/aie e .iniaaiiinoyie5. Anee i?eciaoue i?aaeeueiie
oi/eo c?aiey ‘i oii, /oi i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey iaeeiaeia
ai anao noaaeeyo, oi yoi aeieaeii i?eaanoe e io?eoeaieth
?acee/ey iaaeaeo noaaeeyie aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai1 aea-
ea e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, ‘iineieueeo ia yoeo
noaaeeyo aeieaeiu onoaiaaeeaaoueny iaeie e oa aea ianoi-
yoaeuenoaa. Iiyoiio neaaeoao niaeaneoueny n aaoi?aie,
eioi?ua n/eoatho, /oi io caaea/, noiyueo ia?aae oie eee
30
eiie noaaeeae oaieiaiiai’ noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, caaenyo ‘ia
?aaeueiue iauai i?aaeiaoa, aeieacuaaiiy, a naii’ aai ni-
aea?ae.aiea, /oi a ?acee/iuo ‘noaaeeyo i?ioeanna i?aaeiao
aeieacuaaiey iiaeao ‘auoue ?aciui 6.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia ‘ii?a-
aeaeyao e?oaa ianoiyoaeuenoa, iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea ‘ei-
oi?uo aeieaeii auoue onoaiiaeaii a oeaeyo o?aaeeueiiai
?ac?aoaiey cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo;
iii niaea?aeeo eeoue oeacaiey ia oneiaey, iaiaoiaeeiua
aeey ‘i?eiyoey oiai eee eiiai ?aoaiey. A /anoiinoe, a
niioaaonoaee ni ‘no. no. 112 e 114 OIE, aeey aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea iaiaoiaeeii iaee/ea iiaiaea e ‘in-
iiaaiey ‘e yoiio. ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea i?eieiaaony a neo/aa ionoonoaey in-
iiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, a oaeaea i?e
[iaee/ee ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo ‘i?iecaiaenoai ii
aeaeo (no. 113 OIE).
Oaeay caeiiiaeaoaeueiay ?aaeaiaioaoeey i?aaeiaoa aei-
eacuaaiey a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai’ aeaea ia
iiaeao ‘auoue i?eciaia oaea/iie. Iaeuecy, iai?eia?, ‘n/e-
oaoue i?aaeeueiui ?aoaiea ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea, i?eiyoia i?e iaee/ee iiaiaea e iniiaaiey e yoi-
io, .eiaaea a .eiathueony iaoa?eaeao niaea?aeaony oeaca-
iey ‘ia ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eneeth/athuea i?iecaiaenoai ii
aeaeo, ‘anee iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
ia i?iaa?yeinue, oioy aeey yoiai auee ana aiciiaeiinoe.
Ia iiaeao auoue i?eciaii caeiiiui ‘e ?aoaiea ‘ia ioeaca
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai’ aeaea, ‘anee ia auei onoaiia-
eaii, eiaeny ee i?aaeoniio?aiiue caeiiii iiaiae e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
3. I?e ?ac?aoaiee ‘aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia
ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea i?aaeaea ‘anaai
iaaeeaaeeo auynieoue, ‘anoue ‘ee caeiiiue iiaiae e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. ‘Iiae iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea neaaeoao iiieiaoue iieo/aiea i?aaiaie
aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ec oeacaiiuo
a caeiia enoi/ieeia naaaeaiee i aioiayuainy .eee niaa?-
oaiiii i?anooieaiee.
‘Iiaiae e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony
th?eaee/aneei o.aeoii, n eioi?ui caeii naycuaaao aic-
ieeiiaaiea oai’eiaii’-i?ioeannoaeueiuo ioiioaiee7. N aai
iiyaeaieai o oeacaiiuo i?aaiia aicieeaao th?eaee/an-
eay iaycaiiinoue i?eiyoue cayaeaiea (niiauaiea) i eth-
a1
aii niaa?oaiiii .eee iiaeaioiaeyaiii i?anooieaiee,
?anniio?aoue aai ‘a onoaiiaeaiiue caeiiii n?ie, i?eiyoue
niioaaonoaothuaa ?aoaiea e oaaaeiieoue i iai cayaeoaey.
Iaeiaei ia eaaeaeia cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), iieo/ai-
iia i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea,
yaeyaony iiaiaeii e -aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii-
neieueeo ia aia yoe cay1aeaiey (niiauaiey) .aeaeoo i?a-
aiaoth iaycaiiinoue oeacaiiuo i?aaiia ?anniio?aoue eo
e i?eiyoue ‘?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Aeey ‘aicieeiiaaiey oa-
eie iaycaiiinoe ‘iaiaoiaeeii’, /oiau naaaeaiey i. i?anooi-
eaiee ‘auee iieo/aiu ec oeacaiiuo ‘a caeiia enoi/ie-
eia, /oiau cayaeaiea (niiauaiea) ioaa/aei ii?aaeaeai-
iui i?ioeannoaeueiui o?aaiaaieyi.
Aaaeiaeoei o?aaiaaieai, eioi?ia i?aaeuyaeyao ca-
eii e iiaiaeai aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ya-
eyaony .ecaanoiinoue eeoea, naeaeaaoaai cayaeaiea. Iiyoi-
io ‘iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ia iiaoo
neoaeeoue aiiieiiua cayaeaiey. A Io/aoiii aeieeaaea
OeE EINN XXVI nuacaeo .ia?oee oiaa?eu E. E. A?aaeiaa
oeacuaae, /oi aiiieiiui iieeaiai ia aeieaeii auoue
ianoa a iaoae aeecie 8.
A no. 93 OIE ?NON? 1923 a. aiai?eeinue, /oi aii-
ieiiua cayaeaiey yaeythony iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea iinea eo iaaeaniie i?iaa?ee. A iuia
aeaenoaothuai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa
oaeiai oeacaiey ia niaea?aeeony (ca .eneeth/aieai no. 84
OIE Eacaoneie NN?).
Iieo/aiea i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, .neaaenoaey, i?ieo?a-
oo?u e noaea aiiieiiiai! cayaeaiey ia ii?iaeaeaao th?e-
aee/aneie iaycaiiinoe yoeo i?aaiia ?anniio?aoue aai,.
Iaeiaei a iai eiiaaea niaea?aeaony oaaaeeoaeueiua aeai-
iua, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea i .niaa?oaiee eee i?eaioia-
eaiee ‘e niaa?oaieth i?anooieaiey. Inoaaeaiea oaeiai
cayaeaiey aac anyeiai aieiaiey auei. au iai?aaeeueii,
iiyoiio niaea?aeaueany a iai naaaeaiey aeieaeiu auoue
i?iaa?aiu. Ii yoa i?iaa?ea ia aeieaeia i?iecaiaeeoueny
i?ioeannoaeueiuie iaoiaeaie, iineieueeo .aiiieiiia caya-
eaiea, ia aoaeo/e iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaaiiai
aeaea, ia iiaeao aucaaoue aicieeiiaaiea oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiuo ioiioaiee. Niiniaaie oaeie i?iaa?ee ii-
aoo auoue iia?aoeaii-?iauneiua ia?ii?eyoey i?aaiia
aeiciaiey, iauee iaaeci? ‘i?ieo?i?a e o. i. Anee ‘a oiaea
32
i?iaa?ee aiiieiiiai cayaeaiey niaea?aeaueany a iai
naaaeaiey iiaeoaa?aeyony, aeieaeii ‘auoue aicaoaeaeaii oai-
eiaiia aeaei, iiaiaeii e ‘/aio aoaeao iaiin?aaenoaaiiia
iaia?oaeaiea i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey niioaaonoaothue-
ie aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie 9.
A ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo caeiiiaeaoaeue naycuaaao ?ac-
?aoaiea aii?ina i’ aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea n ai-
eaecuyaeaieai eeoe, iino?aaeaaoeo io i?anooieaiey.
Oae, no. 27 OIE onoaiaaeeaaao iniaaiiinoe ‘i?iecaiae-
noaa ii aeaeai oae iacuaaaiiai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey.
A yoie noaouea aiai?eony, /oi’ aeaea i i?anooieaieyo,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 112, /. 1 no. 130, no. 131, /. ‘1
no. 117, no. 141 O.E, aicaoaeaeathony ia eia/a eae ii aea-
eiaa iioa?iaaoaai. Eiuie neiaaie, iiaiaeaie e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiuo aeae /anoiiai iaaeiaiey iiaoo
auoue oieueei cayaeaiey eeoe, eioi?ui i?e/eiai a?aae
yoeie i?anooieaieyie. ‘Ia iiaeao ?anniao?eaaoueny eae
aeaeiaa .iauyniai ea iioa?iaaoaai n eceiaeaieai oae-
oe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea, aeaiiia ii o?aaiaaieth
aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea 10.
Aianoa n oai neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a ioaeaeue-
iuo neo/ayo ‘iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth aeae /anoiiai ia-
aeiaiey ‘iiaoo auoue cayaeaiey a?aaeaeai e niiauaiey
o/?aaeaeaiee .eee i?aaiecaoeee, anee yoe a?aaeaeaia, o/-
?aaeaeaiey eee i?aaiecaoeee yaeythony iiaeoiaie eee ii-
ia/eoaeyie iioa?iaaoaai (‘no. 115 OIE A?oceineie
NN?, no. 89 OIE Eacaoneie NN?, no. 373 OIE Ocaae-
neie NN?).
A /. 3 no. 27 OIE aiai?eony, /oi a eneeth/eoaeue-
iuo neo/ayo aeaei’ i’ i?anooieaiee, i?aaeoniio?aiiii
no. 112, /. 1 no. 130, no. 131 e no. 141 OE, i?ieo?i?
ai?aaa aicaoaeeoue e i?e ionoonoaee aeaeiau iioa?iaa-
oaai. Naaaeaiey i oaeeo i?anooieaieyo i?ieo?i? ii-
aeao iieo/eoue ?acee/iuie niiniaaie, a oii /enea e
io a?aaeaeai, ia ‘yaeythueony iioa?iaaoeiy. Ii eo ca-
yaeaiey ia .iiaoo neoaeeoue iiaiaeaie e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai’ aeaea /anoiiai1 iaaeiaiey. Anee i?e iaee/ey
oneiaee, oeacaiiuo a /. 3 no. 27 OIE, i?ieo?i? i?e.
ieiaao ?aoaiea aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, oi iiaiaeii
e yoiio aoaeao .iaiin?aaenoaaiiia iaia?oaeaiea ei i?e-
ciaeia i?anooieaiey i.
Oaeei ia?acii, aac iaaeeaaeauaai ‘iiaiaea ‘e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai- aeaea ia iiaeao ia/aoueny i?ioeannoaeue-
3- I. I. Eociaoeia ‘ 33
iay aeayoaeueiinoue. Ia onoaiiaea iaee/ey oaeiai’ iiaiaea,
i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ia
ai?aaa niaa?oeoue ie iaeiiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeaenoaey,
iie ia iiaoo i?eiyoue ie iaeiiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai’ ?a-
oaiey, a oii /enea ‘i ‘aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca ‘a ‘aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iiyoiio iaeuecy i?eciaoue
i?aaeeueiie i?aeoeeo, eiaaea, onoaiiaea ionoonoaea ca-
eiiiiai iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia-
i?eia?, ‘ionoonoaea aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai ii aeaeai /a-
noiiai iaaeiaiey, oeacaiiua i?aaiu i?eieiatho ?aoa-
iea ‘ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ane.e
iinea yoiai iinooiaao aeaeiaa iioa?iaaoaai, oi’ i?e-
iyoia ?aiaa ?aoaiea i’a ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea
i’a ioiaiyaony, a auiineony iinoaiiaeaiea
i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. A ?acoeueoaoa iieo/a-
aony, /oi ii iaeiiio oaeoo eiaaony aeaa i?ioeaiiieiae-
iuo ?aoaiey – i’ aicaoaeaeaiee ,e ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Aeey ono?aiaiey oaeiai iieiaeaiey i?aaenoaaeyaony
oeaeaniia?aciui aeiiieieoue /. 3 no. 109 OIE oeacaieai
i’a aiciiaeiinoue ‘i?eiyoey ‘?aoaiey ‘ia .inoaaeaiee ca-
yaeaiey eee ‘niiauaiey ‘aac ?anniio?aiey. E?iia oiai,
a OIE neaaeiaaei au aaanoe naiinoiyoaeueioth noaoueth,
a eioi?ie oeacaoue, ‘/oi’ a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea cayaeaiea
eee niiauaiea ia ioaa/aao iaiaoiaeeiui o?aaiaaieyi,
i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?aai aeiciaiey, noaeuey, noae au-
iinyo iinoaiiaeaiea ‘(ii?aaeaeaiea) ‘ia inoaaeaiey ca-
yaeaiey eee niiauaiey aac ?anniio?aiey; i?e/ai a
iinoaiiaeaiee aeieaeiu auoue oeacaiu iniiaaiey, i?a-
iyonoaothuea aai ?anniio?aieth ii nouanoao. Eiiey
yoiai iinoaiiaeaiey (ii?aaeaeaiey) iai?aaeyaony ca-
yaeoaeth, ‘anee ii ‘ecaanoai. Anee iinoaiiaeaiea ia in-
oaaeaiee cayaeaiey eee niiauaiey aac ‘?anniio?aiey
auianaii’ neaaeiaaoaeai eee i?aaiii aeiciaiey, oi aai
eiiey aeieaeia: iai?aaeyoueny ‘i?ieo?i?o.
Oaeei ia?acii, onoaiiaeaiea iaee/ey eee ionoo-
noaey iiaiaea ‘e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyao-
ny ia?aii/a?aaeiie caaea/ae i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey.
i?ieo?aoo?u ‘e noaea. A nayce n yoei iaeuecy niaeaneoue-
ny n iiaieai o/aiuo, eioi?ua ia aeeth/atho iiaiae e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea a i?aaeiao i?iaa?ee, i?aae-
oanoaothuae i?eiyoeth ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia
ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea 12.
34
4. ‘A i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey a ia?aie noaaeee oaieia-
iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa aoiaeeo oaeaea iniiaaiea e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
OIE ?NON? 1923 a. ia niaea?aeae ii?aaeaeaiey ii-
iyoey iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. A ‘ni-
ioaaonoaee n iuia aeaenoaothuei oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii,
no. 1.08 OIE).
Aiaeece?oy ‘yoi ‘iieiaeaiea, iiiaea o/aiua i?eoi-
aeyo e auaiaeo, /oi iniiaaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieia-
iiai aeaea aeeth/aao a ‘naay aeaa ia?ac?uaii ‘naycaiiuo
yeaiaioa – th?eaee/aneia ;e oaeoe/aneia ‘iniiaaiea. Iiae
th?eaee/aneei iniiaaieai iiieiaaony iaee/ea a aeayiee,
i eioi?ii iinooi.ee.01 cayaeaiea (‘niiauaiea), i?eciaeia
i?anooieaiey, a ‘iiae oaeoe/aneei – aeinoaoi/iua aeai-
iua, ia iniiaa eioi?uo onoaiaaeeaathony i?eciaee i?a-
nooieaiey 13. Ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u ‘iieaaatho, /oi iaee/ea
i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey yaeyaony oaieiaii-i?.aaiaie
noi?iiie ‘iniiaaiey e ‘aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, ,a
iaee/ea aeinoaoi/iuo aeaiiuo – aai i?ioeannoaeueiie
noi?iiie i.
N oaeei iiieiaieai ‘iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea niaeaneoueny iaeuecy. ,A niaaoneii oaieia-
iii i?ioeanna eaaeaeia i?eieiaaiia ii aeaeo ?aoaiea
aeieaeii’ auoue iainiiaaii eiathueieny oaeoe/aneeie
aeaiiuie, aeieacaoaeuenoaaie. Ii naii ii naaa iaee/ea
aeieacaoaeuenoa ia neoaeeo iniiaaieai aeey i?eiyoey
oiai eee eiiai ?aoaiey; aeieacaoaeuenoaa – yoi eeoue
n?aaenoai iiciaiey, onoaiiaeaiey oaeoia, ianoiyoaeuenoa,
iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?eiyoey caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai
?aoaiey e a eiia/iii ‘n/aoa aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoa-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iniiaaieai aea aeey i?eiyoey
i?ioeannoaeueiuo ?aoaiee yaeyaony ?acoeueoao oaeiai
iiciaiey – onoaiiaeaiea yoeo oaeoia .e ianoiyoaeuenoa 15.
A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a aeiaieueii /anoi iiaeii
ano?aoeoue auneacuaaiey, /oi iniiaaieai e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘neoaeeo iaee/ea i?eciaeia nin-
oaaa i?anooieaiey 16. Ooaa?aeaeaiea i oii, /oi oaieiaiia
aeaei aeieaeii’ ‘auoue aicaoaeaeaii i?e iaee/ee ‘i?eciaeia
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, niaea?aeeony e a iinoaiiaeaiey
Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai ‘Noaea NNN? io 26 naioya?y 1975 a.
o 35
17. Oaeei ia?acii, iiiyoey ,e /anoi
oiio?aaeythony eae oiaeaeanoaaiiua. A yoie ‘nayce ini-
aue eioa?an i?aaenoaaeyao ?anniio?aiea aii?ina ia ‘eo
niioiioaiee.
Ec ii?aaeaeaiyy iiiyoey i?anooieaiey, aeaiiiai a
no. 7 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca- NN? e
nithciuo ?anioaeee (no. 7 OE), neaaeoao, /oi. aai i?e-
ciaeaie yaeythony i?ioeaii?aaiinoue e iauanoaaiiay
iianiinoue niaa?oaiiiai aeayiey. Ii?aaeaeaiey iiiyoey
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey caeii ia aeaao, yoi iiiyoea ‘auei
au?aaioaii oai?eae oaieiaiiai i?aaa iooai aano?aae-
?iaaiey io iniaaiiinoae ioaeaeueiuo i?anooieaiee. Nin-
oaa i?anooieaiey aeeth/aao a naay /aou?a yeaiaioa:
iauaeo, iauaeoeaioth noi?iio, noauaeo e noauaeoeaioth
noi?iio i?anooieaiey. Iaeiaei aeaeaei ia anaaaea onoa-
iiaeaiea anao yoeo yeaiaioia aaaeao e i?eciaieth ?an-
niao?eaaaiiai aeayiey i?anooiiui. A oeaeii ?yaea neo-
/aaa aeaenoaea eee aacaeaenoaea, oioy oi?iaeueii e iiae-
iaaeathuaa iiae i?eciaee eaeiai-eeai aeayiey, i?aaeoniio-
?aiiiai Iniaaiiie /anoueth OE, ia n/eoaaony i?anooiiui
(/. 2 no. 7, no. no. 13, 14 OE). Anee ianoiyoaeuenoaa, nae-
aeaoaeuenoaothuea i niaa?oaiee oaeeo aeaenoaee, auya-
eythony a oiaea i?iaa?ie cayaeaiey (niiauaiey), a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeii auoue ioeacaii; an-
ee aea yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa onoaiaaeeaathony a iineaaeo-
thueo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aeaei i?a-
e?auaaony. Ia i?aeoeea oaeea ?aoaiey i?eieiathony c
niioaaonoaee n i. 2 no. 5 OIE, o. a. aaeaeo ionoonoaey
a aeayiee ninoaaa i?anooieaiey 18. Oae, iai?eia?, a ?a-
coeueoaoa eco/aiey iaoa?eaeia, ii eioi?ui auei’ io-
eacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, auynieeinue, /oi
aaeaeo iaeicia/eoaeueiinoe aeayiey a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-|
eiaiiai aeaea auei ioeacaii a 19,7% neo/aaa io”!
iauaai ‘eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo iaoa?eaeia, i?e/ai
a 21,9% neo/aaa ‘io eiee/anoaa iaoa?eaeia, ii ei-
oi?ui auei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
ii aeaiiiio iniiaaieth, a iinoaiiaeaiee ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea niaea?aeaeanue ‘nnueea e ia
36
/. 2 no. 7 OE, e ia i. 2 no. 5 OIE. AI aeiae/iua ?aei-
iaiaeaoeee aeathony e a th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a19. Oae,
I. A. AEiaei e O. I. Oaoeoeeei, ?anniao?eaay neoo-
aoeeth, naycaiioth n iinooieaieai a i?aaiu i?ieo?a-
oo?u niiauaiey i oii, /oi i?iaeaaaoe iaaaceia iuoaeny
aeaoue acyoeo a noiia 25 ?oa. iauanoaaiiiio einiaeoi?o
ii oi?aiaea, .ninoaaeaoaio aeo i ianaiaa?aiaiiii io-
e?uoee iaaaceia, a iieo /. 2 no. 7 Iniia oaieiaiiai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ‘i?eoiaeyo e auaiaeo ‘ia ionoonoaee
a yoii aeayiey i?eciaeia ninoaaa ‘i?anooieaiey. A?yae ee
yoi aa?ii, ‘eai eiaei’ianoi i?aaeoniio?aiiia oaieiaiui
caeiiii aeayiea (aea/a acyoee), iinyaathuaa ia io?a-
iyaiua oaieiaiui i?aaii iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey,
oiuoeaiii niaa?oaiiia ‘aiaiyaiui eeoeii, aeinoeaoei
aic?anoa oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Cia/eo, a aeae-
noaeyo i?iaeaaoea anoue ninoaa i?anooieaiey20.
A i?aaeeueiinoe oaeiai auaiaea oaaaeaeaao e aiaeec
niioaaonoaothueo ii?i OE. Oeacaiea ia oi, /oi iaei’-
cia/eoaeueiua aeaenoaey eee ‘aacaeaenoaea, a oaeaea aeayiey,
niaa?oaiiua a ninoiyuee iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu eee
e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe, iiaeiaaeatho iiae i?eciaee aea-
yiey, i?aaeoniio?aiiiai Iniaaiiie /anoueth OE (/. 2
no. 7, no. no. 13, 14 OE), icia/aao, /oi iie oi?iaeueii
niaea?aeao i?eciaee oaeiai aeayiey, o. ‘a. a ieo eiaaony
ninoaa i?anooieaiey.
Ii/aio aea eeoea, ‘aeiiaiua a niaa?oaiee yoeo aea-
yiee, ia iiaoo auoue ‘i?eaea/aiu e oaieiaiie ioaao-
noaaiinnoe? Iioiio, /oi eo aeaenoaey ia yaeythony ia-
uanoaaiii iianiuie, ‘a neaaeiaaoaeueii., e i?anooiiuie.
Naienoaii iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe iiaeao iaeaaeaoue
oieueei i?anooieaoea, o. ‘a. ?aaeueii nouanoaiaaaoaa ya-
eaiea iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. A ninoaa i?anooi-
eaiey – yoi iao/iay aano?aeoeey, oi?iaeueiay eii-
no?oeoeey, naiaia?aciay iiaeaeue i?anooieaiey, iiyoiio
‘ii ia iiaeao auoue iauanoaaiii iianiui. Iauanoaaiiay
iianiinoue – iniaay eaoaai?ey, .eioi?ay eaaeeo aia ii-
iyoey ninoaaa i?anooieaiey. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoue-
ny n auneacuaaaoeiny a th?eaee/aneie eeoa? aoo?a iia-
ieai, /oi iauanoaaiiay iianiinoue yaeyaony ‘iaiouaiea-
iui i?eciaeii ‘ninoaaa i?anooieaiey21, iineieueeo i?e-
ciaiea i?aaeeueiinoe yoie oi/ee c?aiey ii nouanoao
icia/aao i?eciaiea oiaeaeanoaaiiinoe iiiyoee
e
37
Oaeei ia?acii, i?anooieaiea – yoi aeayiea, ni-
aea?aeauaa ninoaa i?anooieaiey e, e?iia oiai, yaey-
thuaany iauanoaaiii ieanaoueai. [Iiyoiio a i?eaaaeaiiuo
auoa neo/ayo iniia aiiai e ioeaco a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ‘aoaeao ia ionoonoaea a aeayiee ninoaaa i?a-
nooieaiey, a .ionoonoaea iaiaoiaeeiiai i?eciaea i?a-
nooieaiey – iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe.
Iiiyoea, ninoaaa i?anooieaiey oa?aeoa?ecoao aea-
yiea oieueei eae i?ioeaii?aaiia, i?e/ai ionoonoaea
oioy au iaeiiai’ ‘yeaiaioa ninoaaa, i?anooieaiey i’yia/a-
ao ionoonoaea ninoaaa a ‘oeaeii. Aaee aea a aeayiee iao
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, cia/eo yoi’ aeayiea ia yaeyaony
i?ioeaii?aaiui, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, e i?anooiiui.
Oae, anee iauaeo iinyaaoaeuenoaa ia ‘io?aiyaony
ii?iaie oaieiaiiai’ i?aaa eee aea aeayiea (eioi?ia
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie yeaiaio iauaeoeaiie noi?iiu nin-
oaaa i?anooieaiey) ia i?aaeoniio?aii Iniaaiiie /anoueth
OE eae i?anooiiia, oi .i?anooieaiea ionoonoaoao. Yoi
iieiaeaiea /aoei au?aaeaii! a /. .1 ‘no. 7 OE.
Ii ia?aie/eaaoue ‘ionoonoaea i?ioea ii?aaiinoe aea-
yaeey oieueei ionoonoaeai iauaeoa e iauaeoeaiie noi?i-
iu ninoaaa i?anooieaiey iaeuecy, ‘iineieueeo i?e i?eia-
iaiee caeiia ‘neaaeoao ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny o?aaiaaieyie
eae Iniaaiiie, oae e Iauae /anoe OE. Ianiioaaonoaea
ethaiai ‘yeaiaioa ninoaaa i?anooieaiey oai o?aaiaaie-
yi, eioi?ua i?aaeuyaeyao e iei caeii, icia/aao ionoo-
noaea i?anooieaiey. Iiyoiio e i?e ionoonoaee noau-
aeoeaiuo i?eciaeia (noauaeoa e ‘noauaeoeaiie noi?i-
iu) ninoaaa i?anooieaiey aeaenoaea eee aacaeaenoaea ia
iiaeao ?anniao?eaaoueny eae i?ioeaii?aaiia. Oae, a neo-
/aa ionoonoaey noauaeoa i?anooieaiey (iai?eia?, eiaaea
i?aaeoniio?aiiia Iniaaiiie /anoueth OE aeayiea niaa?-
oaii eeoeii, ia aeinoeaoei ‘e yoiio iiiaioo aic?anoa,
ii aeinoeaeaiee eioi?iai, niaeanii! caeiio, aiciiaeia
oaieiaiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue, eee iaaiaiyaiui) niaa?-
oaiiia aeayiea ?anniao?eaaaony oieueei eae iauanoaai-
ii ‘iianiia, ii ia eae i?anooiiia (i. 5 no. 5, no. 403
OIE), iineieueeo ionoonoaoao i?ioeaii?aaiinoue yoiai
aeayiey.
A ‘/. 1 no. 3 Iniia oaieiaiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Ni-
thca NN? y nithciuo ?anioaeee ,(/. 1 no. 3 OE) .aiai?eo- ‘
ny:
eiaei ianoi iauanoaaiii iianiia aeayiea, ii a aeae-
noaeyo eeoea, aai niaa?oeaoaai, ia auei oiunea eee
iainoi?iaeiinoe (o. a. ionoanoaiaae.a noauaeoeaiay noi-
?iia ninoaaa i?anooieaiey), yoi. eeoei’ ia iiaeao auoue
i?eaea/aii! ,e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, iineieueeo ca-
eii ?anniao?eaaao aai aeaenoaey oieueei eae iauanoaai-
ii iianiua, ‘ii ia eae i?ioeaii?aaiua.
Oaeei ia?acii, ‘ionoonoaea oioy au iaeiiai yea-
iaioa: ninoaaa i?anooieaiey icia/aao ionoonoaea ‘i?ioe-
aii?aaiinoe aeayiey. Iiyoiio a neo/aa onoaiiaeaiey io-
noonoaey a aeayiee oiai eee eiiai eeoea ninoaaa i?anooi-
eaiey iniiaaieai ‘e ioeaco a ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea (.eee e i?ae?auaieth aeaea) ‘aoaeao .ionoonoaea i?e-
ciaeia i?anooieaiey.
Eaeea aea i?eciaee .iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiayoue, /oiau
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘auee iaee-
oei? ‘I?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee
iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai, aeaea a eaaeaeii
neo/aa iaaei ‘ii?aaeaeeoue, /oi’ aeayiea, i eioi?ii aiai-
?eony a cayaeaiee (niiauaiee), i?aaenoaaeyao iauano-
aaiioth iianiinoue. Anee aeaenoaea ;ee’e aacaeaenoaea .ia
iaeaaeaao yoei iaiouaieaiui i?eciaeii i?anooieaiey,
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeii ‘auoue ioeacaii.
Cia/eoaeueii aieueooth neiaeiinoue i?aaenoaaeyao
?ac?aoaiea aii?ina i oii, yaeyaony ee ?anniao?eaa-
aiia aeayiea i?ioeaii?aaiui. I?e/ai yoa neiaeiinoue
Ri iiiaii iaoneiaeaia oai, /oi aeey i?eiyoey ?aoa-
iyy i .aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iaiaoiaeeii ia
oieueei onoaiiaeoue iauea i?eciaee i?anooieaiey (iaua-
noaaiioth iianiinoue e i?ioeaii?aaiinoue), ii e ii?aaea-
eeoue, eaeia eiaiii i?anooieaiea .niaa?oaii, iineieueeo,
a niioaaonoaee ni no. 112 OIE, a iinoaiiaeaiee i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeia auoue oeacaia noaouey
oaieiaiiai caeiia, ii i?eciaeai eioi?ie aeaei ‘aic-
aoaeaeaaony. Iiyoiio i?e ii?aaeaeaiee oao i?eciaeia
ninoaaa i?anooieaiey, eioi?ua aeieaeiu auoue onoaiia-
eaiu aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea, neaaeoao o/eouaaoue iniaaiiinoe eiino?oeoeee nin-
oaaia eiie?aoiuo i?anooieaiee.
?9
I?aaeaea anaai iaiaoiaeeii .auynieoue, eiaaony ee
iauaeo i?anooieaiey, o. a. io?aiythony ee oaieiaiui
caeiiii oa iauanoaaiiua’ ioiioaiey, . Ec niunea yoie ii?iu auoaeaao, /oi e iiiaioo
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?eciaee i?anooieaiey
aeieaeiu auoue iaeeoei, oioy niauoea i?anooieaiey iiaeao
inoaaaoueny iaonoaiiaeaiiui, ‘/oi ionoonoaea aeinoiaa?-
iuo aeaiiuo i niauoee i?anooieaiey ia aeieaeii i?aiyo-
noaiaaoue ‘aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, iineieueeo aeey
onoaiiaeaiey niauoey i?anooieaiey, eae i?aaeei, o?a-
aoaony i?iecaiaenoai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
5. Onoaiiaeaiey iiaiaeia e iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaea-
ieth oaieiaiiai, aeaea aua iaaeinoaoi/ii aeey i?eiyoey
42
oaeiai’ ?aoaiey. Iaiaoiaeeii’ i?iaa?eoue, iao ee ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, eioi?ua, niaeanii caeiio, ‘eneeth/atho i?iec-
aiaenoai ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa oaeaea
aoiaeyo a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey a ia?aie noaaeee oaieia-
iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Ia?a/aiue ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth-
/athueo i?iecaiaenoai, ii aeaeo, niaea?aeeony a no. 5 OIE.
Iaeiaei eo ‘nenoaia, ia iao ‘acaeyae, .ioaeaeaaony c niaa?-
oaii oaia aiee.
I?aaeaea anaai neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi’ caeiiiaeaoaeue
oiio?aaeyao iiiyoea ‘
cae?aieaiiiai ‘a, /. ‘1 no. 113 OIE, auoaeaao, /oi a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeae.a aeieaeii’ auoue ioeacaii, anee
ionoonoaotho iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea,
a oaeaea a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea^ iniiaaiea e ‘aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea eiaaony, ii eiaaony e ‘iaeii ec ‘ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai ii, aeaeo. Eiuie
neiaaie, caeiiiaeaoaeue n/eoaao ionoonoaea .iniiaaiee .e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai, aeaea e iaee/ea ianoiyoaeuenoa,
eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo, naiinoiyoaeueiuie
iniiaaieyie e .ioeaco a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A no. 5 OIE iiiyoea
niunea, oae eae iii aeeth/aao a .naay oaeea iiiyoey,
eae ionoonoaea iiaiaea ‘e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea
(i.7) e ionoonoaea iniiaaiee ‘e i?eiyoeth oaeiai ?aoa-
iey (i. i. 1, 2, 5). Inoaeueiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, ia?a/en-
eaiiua a yoie noaouea, ‘eneeth/atho i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo
ia a neeo ionoonoaey iiaiaeia e iniiaaiee e .aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea, .a iioiio, /oi caeiiiaeaoaeue ii’ oai eee
eiui i?e/eiai n/eoaao iaaiciiaeiui aeaeueiaeoaa aa-
aeaiea noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny
n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi’ iaee/ea eaeiai-eeai ec ianoi’-
yoaeuenoa, ia?a/eneaiiuo .a no. 5 OIE,
eneeth/aao inii-
aaiea e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, e eeoue oieueei
ionoonoaea aeaeiau iioa?iaaoaai, ii aeaeai /anoiiai
iaaeiaiey ‘icia/aao ionoonoaea iiaiaea e aicaoaeaeaieth
oaieiaiiai aeaea 25.
Iiyoiio neaaeoao ooi/ieoue ‘?aaeaeoeeth /. 1 no. 113
OIE, oeacaa, ‘/oi a. aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaeiai aeaea aeie-
aeii auoue ioeacaii’ a theo/aa ionoonoaey ineiaaeee e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai’ aeaea, a oaeaea i?e iaee/ee
43
eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo .i?iecaiaenoai ii
aeaeo.
E?iia oiai, i?aaenoaaeyaony oeaeaniia?aciui a noa-
ouea ia ianoiyoaeuenoaao, eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai ii
aeaeo, oeacaoue, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei ia iiaeao auoue aic-
aoaeaeaii, a aicaoaeaeaiiia aeaei iiaeeaaeeo i?ae?auaieth,
anee ionoonoaoao onoaiiaeaiiue caeiiii iiaiae e aic^
aoaeaeai.eth oaieiaiiai aeae.a, ionoonoaoao iniiaaiea e
aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, a oaeaea eiathony eiua
ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eneeth/athuea i?iecaiaenoai, ii aeaeo.
?ane?uoeth niaea?aeaiey eaaeaeiai ec oeacaiiuo ianoi-
yoaeuenoa neaaeoao iinayoeoue naiinoiyoaeueioth noaoueth.
A ea/anoaa ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eneeth/athuaai i?iec-
aiaenoai ii aeaeo aaeaeo oiai, /oi iao iiaiaea aea noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aiaieeiao iaiaoiaee-
iinoue a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai, aeaea ii. iiaiio iaae-
iaieth eee, a ioiioaiee iiaiai eeoea. Yoi iieiaeaiea
iniiaaii ia iauae eiiiaoaioeee ‘noaea, eioi?ue i?e ino-
47
uanoaeaaee i?aainoaeey ia naycai auaiaeaie i?aaiia aei-
ciaiey, neaaeiaaoaey i i?ieo?i?a.
3) Iaee/ea .a ioiioaiee oiai aea eeoea ii oiio aea
oaeoo iaioiaiaiiiai iinoaiiaeaiey i?aaia aeiciaiey,
neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a eee noaeuee eeai ii?aaeaeaiey
noaea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. Yoi
ianoiyoaeuenoai, ‘eneeth/athuaa i?iecaiaenoai! ii aeaeo, ca-
eiiii ia i?aaeoniio?aii, iaeiaei .a th?eaee/aneie eeoa-
?aoo?a iainiiaaiii noaaeeny aii?in i’ iaiaoiaeeiinoe
aai aeeth/aiey a ia?a/aiue, niaea?aeaueeny a no. 5 OIE29.
Auaiae i oii, /oi oeacaiiia ianoiyoaeuenoai’ i?aiyo-
noaoao aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, .auoaeaao ec ii-
eiaeaiey, cae?aieaiiiai a /. 3 no. 116 OIE, niaeanii
eioi?iio . Ec
yoie ii?iu neaaeoao, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei iiaeao auoue
aicaoaeaeaii oieueei iinea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie ‘ioiaiu ‘eia-
thuaainy ii yoiio oaeoo ?aoaiey i’a ioeaca a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Noaeaaiay i?aeoeea oaeaea i?eciaao iaee/ea iaio-
iaiaiiiai iinoaiiaeaiey ia ioeaca .a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ianoiyoaeuenoaii, eneeth/athuei i?iecaiae-
noai ii aeaeo30. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi a oeaeyo aaeeiiia-
?aciiai i?eiaiaiey ii?i oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii oi ca-
eiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo aeayoaeueiinoue i?aa-
iia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ii aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiuo aeae, aeaiiia ianoiyoaeuenoai! aeie-
aeii auoue i?aaeoniio?aii a caeiia.
4) Iaee/ea a ioiioaiee oiai aea eeoea ii oiio aea
oaeoo aicaoaeaeaiiiai oaieiaiiai, aeaea, eioi?ia iaoi-
aeeony a i?iecaiaenoaa oiai’ aea eee ae?oaiai i?aaia aei-
ciaiey, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a ‘eee noaea 31. Yoi ianoi-
yoaeuenoai, i?aiyonoaothuaa aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea, oaeaea aeieaeii auoue i?aaeoniio?aii’ a caeiia.
A no. 5 OIE oeacaiu e eiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, en-
eeth/athuea i?iecaiaenoai ii’ aeaeo: enoa/aiea n?ieia
aeaaiinoe (i. 3), iaee/ea aeoa aiienoee .eee iiieeiaa-
yea ‘ioaeaeueiuo eeoe (‘i. 4), nia?oue eeoea, niaa?oeaoaai
i?anooieaiea (i. 8). Ii iineieueeo ioeac a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea eee i?ae?auaiea aeaea a nayce n ia-
ee/eai yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa ia ?aaaeeeoe?otho eeoei, ni-
48
aa?oeaoaa i?anooieaiea, ?aoaoue ‘aii?in ia inaiaiaeaea-
iee io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii yoei iniiaaieyi
iiaeao oieueei’ noae, eai. oieueei ii iaaeaeai i?aaii i?e-
ciaoue /aeiaaea aeiiaiui a ‘niaa?oaiee ‘i?anooieaiey
(no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?).
Ii yoei aea iniiaaieyi iaeuecy niaeaneoueny e n
iiaieai aaoi?ia, eioi?ua iieaaatho, /oi ,a .aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao auoue ioeacaii a neo/aa,
eiaaea e iiiaioo iinooieaiey a .i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaae-
noaey, ‘i?ieo?aoo?u e .noaea naaaeaiee i’ i?anooieaiee
eyoei, aai niaa?oeaoaa, ia?anoaei’ auoue iauanoaaiii
iianiui32. Yoi. ooaa?aeaeaiea, e?iia oiai, ia niioaao-
noaoao e aeaenoaothuaio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao, iineieueeo
no. 6 OIE aeiioneaao eeoue i?ae?auaiea aeaea aneaaenoaea
eciaiaiey ianoaiiaee, a ia ioeac a aai aicaoaeaeaiee33.
Aeoiaaony, /oi i?aaeeiaeaiiay nenoaia ianoiyoaeuenoa,
.eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo, aoaeao niinianoai-
aaoue i?eiyoeth caeiiiiai, e iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey ia
ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea eee i i?ae?aua-
e’e’e oaea aicaoaeaeaiiiai’ aeaea.
6. A i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey a noaaeey aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai, aeaea aoiaeyo e eiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, auyn-
iaiea ‘eioi?uo iaiaoiaeeii aeey i?eiyoey caeiiiiai’ e
iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey. Oae, a niioaaonoaee ni no. 10
OIE, .
Ii, ‘eae oaea ioia/aeinue, yoi iieiaeaiea ia niioaaonoao-
ao o?aaiaaieyi no. 160 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?. Iaeiaei e
‘a oii neo/aa, anee caeiiii aoaeao cae?aieaii iieiaea-
| ie’a, /oi oieueei noae ai?aaa ia?aaeaoue aeaei ia ?annaaeio-
( ?aiea .iauanoaaiiinoe, ianoiyoaeuenoaa, auyniaiea eioi-
! ?uo iaiaoiaeeii aeey i?eiyoey oaeiai ?aoaiey, aeieae-
^ ,iu aoaeoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny a noaaeeyo aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
^1 eiaeiai aeaea e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
ae 4. I. I. Eoceaoeia 49
N o/aoii ‘eceiaeaiiiai i?aaenoaaeyaony oeaeaniia?ac-
iui
aaanoe a OIE naiinoiyoaeueioth .noaoueth ia ianoi-
yoaeuenoaao, iiaeeaaeaueo auyniaieth a noaaeee .aicaoaeaea-
iey \oiei1aiiai aeaea. A iae neaaeoao oeacaoue, /oi i?e
?ac?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
aeieaeii ‘auoue onoaiiaeaii iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea ii-
aiaeia e .aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea, iniiaaiee e
aicaoaeaeaieth’oaieiaiiai aeaea, ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/a-
thueo i?iecaiaenoai, ii aeaeo, a oaeaea eiuo ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, .auyniaiea .eioi?uo iaiaoiaeeii, aeey ‘i?eiyoey
?aoaiey .i .aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca .a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea.
2. I?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
1. Iniaaiiinoe i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ii?aaeaeytho
e iniaaiiinoe i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey :a .noaaeee aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. A i?ioeannoaeueiie oai?ee i
nouiinoe i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey auneacuaaeenue ?ac-
ee/iua .noaeaeaiey. Anoue iiaiea, /oi i?aaeaeu aeieacu-
aaiey – yoi e?oa aeieacaoaeuenoa, .iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey
i?eiyoey i?aaeeueiiai ?aoaiey ii. oaieiaiiio aeaeo34.
Ii iiaieth ae?oaeo .aaoi?ia, i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey –
yoi a?aieoeu (aeoaeia) enneaaeiaaiey ‘oaeoia, aoiaeyueo
a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey 35. I?aaenoaaeyaony, iaeiaei, /oi
iiiyoea i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaii.y aeeth/aao a, naay iaa yoe
yeaiaioa, iineieueeo aac aeieacaoaeuenoa iaeuecy aeinoe/ue
iaiaoiaeeiuo a?aieoe ‘enneaaeiaaiey 36.
I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey e i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey –
yoi acaeiinaycaiiua, ii ia ‘oiaeaeanoaaiiua iiiyoey.
I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie niaieoiiinoue
eneiiuo ii. aeaeo .oaeoia.. I?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey – yoi
nenoaia aeieacaoaeuenoa, ‘iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey auaiaea i aa-
ei/ey .eee. ionoonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, ninoaaeythueo
i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey. Iiiyoea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey
oa?aeoa?ecoao ‘oeaeue aeieacuaaiey, a iiiyoea i?aaeaeia
aeieacuaaiey – n?aaenoa.a aeinoeaeaiey yoie uaee. 37. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n au-
neacuaaieyie ,i oii, /oi, ianiio?y ia ii?aaeaeaiioth
?acieoeo a iauai cia/aiee i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia aeiea-
cuaaiey, yoe iiiyoey iiaeii, eniieueciaaoue eae eaeai-
oe/iua38, /oi i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey – yoi iaiaa oaea/-
iia au?aaeaiea ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaa-
yeth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo39, /oi ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaeiaoa
aeieacuaaiey icia/aao ii?aaeaeaiea ‘i?aaeaeia e iai?aa-
eaiey enneaaeiaaiey ii aeaeo40.
Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u oaeoe/anee ioiaeaeanoaeytho ‘ii- /
iyoey i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey, iieaaay, /oi
41. Ii niaieoiiinoue ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, enneaaeiaaiea eioi?uo iiaeao eiaoue cia/aiea ‘
aeey .i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, – yoi
ia i?aaeaeu, a i.?aaei.ao aeieacuaaiey. Yoe ianoiyoaeue-
noaa ia iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae iieiia eee /anoe/-
iia .au?aaeaiea iiiyoey i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey, iineieue-
eo eaoaai?ee i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiyy nay-
caiu n ?acee/iuie aniaeoaie i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeiea-
cuaaiey, a ia ioiinyony ae?oa e ae?oao eae /anoue e oea-
eiio 42.
Oaieiaei-i?iuainoaeaiue caeii aieaa eee. iaiaa
/aoei o noaia aeeaaao i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ii oaieia-
iiio aeaeo. *oi aea .eanaaony i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey, oi
nii ii?aaeaeaiu a caeiia eeoue a iaueo /a?oao. Oae,
o?aaiaaiea ananoi?iiiinoe, iieiiou e iauaeoeaiinoe
enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea (/. 1 no. 20 OIE)
a ?aaiie ia?a ioiineony eae e i?aaeiaoo, oae e e i?a-
aeaeai aeieacuaaiey. E?iia oiai, caeii, ii?aaeaeyy e?oa
ianoiyoaeuenoa, auyniaiea iaee/ey eee ionoonoaey eioi-
?uo iaiaoiaeeii aeey i?eiyoey oiai eee e.i.iai ?aoaiey,
oeacuaaao, /oi aeey eo onoaiiaeaiey o?aaothony
(no. no. 108, 14.3, 200, 201, 222 e ae?. OIE). Aino?ia i oii.
aeinoaoi/ii ee aeieacaoaeuenoa aeey i?eciaiey yoeo ia-
noiyoaeuenoa onoaiiaeaiiuie, ?aoaaony eeoeii, i?iec-
4*
51
aiaeyuei aeiceaiea, neaaeiaaoaeai, i?ieo?i?ii e noaeii
ii naiaio aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth.
‘2. ssaeythony ey i?aaeaeu’ aeieacuaaiey iaueie aeey
anao noaaeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa? I?e ioaaoa
ia yoio aii?in neaaeoao [enoiaeeoue ec oiai, /oi i?aaeaeu
aeieacuaaiey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo i?aaeiieaaatho ennea-
aeiaaiea anao ianoiyoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aai i?a-
aeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey (o. a. i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey), oa-
eei ia?acii, /oiau, n iaeiie noi?iiu, iaania/eoue on-
oaiiaeaiea anao yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, a n ae?oaie – aa-
?aioe?iaaoue aeinoiaa?iinoue eo onoaiiaeaiey.
Eae oaea ioia/aeinue, i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey yaeyao-
ny iauei a ‘noaaeeyo i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey e
noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. Ionthaea neaaeoao, /oi e i?a-
aeaeu aeieacuaaiey a yoeo noaaeeyo iaeeiaeiau. Ec yoiai
iieiaeaiey ia auoaeaao, iaeiaei, /oi a noaaeee noaeaa-
iiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny oieueei
oa aeieacaoaeuenoaa, eioi?ua auee nia?aiu a i?ioeanna
?anneaaeiaaiey. Aeiaieueii /anoi e?oa aeieacaoaeuenoa ;1
onoaiiaeaiiuo ia eo iniiaa ianoiyoaeuenoa, eioi?ua
aiaeece?othony i?e i?iecaiaenoaa ?anneaaeiaaiey, n iae-
iie noi?iiu, e a noaeaaiii ?acae?aoaeuenoaa – n ae?oaie,
ia yaeythony iaeieie e oaie aea. Aeoiaaony, /oi a iiaeia-
iuo neo/ayo neaaeoao aiai?eoue ia i oii, /oi i?aaeiao e
i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey a yoeo noaaeeyo ia niaiaaeatho, a
i ianiaiaaeaiee oaeoe/aneiai iauaia aeieacuaaiey, o. a.
niaieoiiinoe oao .eee eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa ‘e aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, enneaaeothueony a ‘eaaeaeie ec yoeo noaaeee. Ii-
neieueeo i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea i?ecaaii iiae-
aioiaeoue iieiioeaiiue aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiue iaoa?eae
aeey ‘noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa ‘ai anai aai iauaia, ii-
noieueeo i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey iaeie e oa aea ‘ia neaae-
noaee .e a noaea 43.
Aianoa n oai iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n auneacuaaaoeiny
a th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a iiaieai, /oi i?aaeaeu aeiea-
cuaaiey iaeeiaeiau aeey anao .noaaeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa 44. A ‘noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeae.a ia
noaaeony caaea/a auynieoue ana ianoiyoaeuenoaa, aoiaeyuea
a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo; i?aaeiao aei-
eacuaaiey ia yoie noaaeee ia?aie/ai, a neaaeiaaoaeueii,
ia?aie/aiu aoaeoo e i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey, iineieueeo aeey
onoaiiaeaiey iaiueoaai e?oaa ianoiyoaeuenoa o?aaoaony e
iaiueoee .e?oa aeieacaoaeuenoa.
52
Cia/eoaeueioth |neiaeiinoue i?aaenoaaeyao ?ac?aoaiea
cii?ina i oii, eaeay niaieoiiinoue oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo
iiaeao auoue i?eciaia aeinoaoi/iie aeey auaiaea i’ iaee-
/ee eee ionoonoaee iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea; iiaeii ee aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, .anee iaee/ea
yoeo iniiaaiee onoaiiaeaii ia aeinoiaa?yi, a n .ii?aaea-
eaiiie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe. Aeey i?aaeeueiiai .aai ?ac-
?aoaiey iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi iiiyoey
aeatho.
A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?’aoo?a i?aaeeueii .ia?auaeinue
aieiaiea ia iaoiaeaeanoaaeiinoue iiiyoee .enoeiu e aeinoi-
aa?iinoe 45. Enoeia – yoi niioaaonoaea iaoaai ciaiey
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, yoi .aa?iia ‘io?aaeaiea iauaeoeaiie
.?aaeueiinoe a niciaiee ethaeae, [
iiaaiiinoue eiathuaainy .ciaiey. Aeey oiai /oiau ciaiea
i oii eee eiii oaeoa iiaei ?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeinoi-
aa?iia, iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau iii auei e .enoeiiui, e iain-
iiaaiiui. Ciaiea, ia ‘ioaa/athuaa oioy au iaeiiio ec
oeacaiiuo o?aaiaaiee, ia .yaeyaony aeinoiaa?iui. Iiyoi-
io iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi iiiyoey en-
oeiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe niaiaaeatho47. Enoeia – yoi
niioaaonoaea iaoaai ciaiey aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, a iainii-
aaiiinoue – yoi, .niioaaonoaea ‘iauaai ciaiey ii?aaeaeai-
iui oaeoe/aneei aeaiiui, .eioi?ua iiaoo auoue eae ‘en-
oeiiuie, oae e eiaeiuie.
A niioaaonoaee .n o?aaiaaieyie oaieiaii-i?ioeanno-
aeueiia.i caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, eaaeaeia i?eieiaaiia i?aaia-
ie aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ?aoaiea
aeieaeii ‘auoue iainiiaaiiui. Ii iaeuecy i?eciaoue i?a-
aeeueiui ooaa?aeaeaiea, /oi ana .?aoaiey, auiineiua a oi-
aea oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aeieaeiu ‘auoue enoeiiu-
ie 48. Caeiiiaeaoaeue ia anaaaea n/eoaao iniiaaieai aeey
i?eiyoey oiai eee eiiai ?aoaiey aeinoiaa?ii onoaiia-
eaiiua oaeou. Aeinoiaa?iia onoaiiaeaiea anao ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, eiathueo nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea aeey i?.aaeeue-
iiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, yaeyaony ‘oeaeueth
i?ioeanno ae ueiiai’ aeieacuaaiey. Aeinoeaeaiea aeinoiaa?ii-
ai ciaiey eiinoaoe?oaony .neaaeiaaoaeai e eeoeii, i?i-
ecaiaeyuei aeiciaiea, ‘a iaaeieoaeueiii caeeth/aiee, no-
53
aeii ia?aie einoaioeee – a i?eaiai?a, noaeii eannaoee-
iiiie einoaioeey – ‘a ii?aaeaeaiee.
Anoue iiaiea, /oi i?e ?ac?aoaiee aii?ina i aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea neaaeoao enoiaeeoue ec aeinoi-
aa? ianoe naiiai’ oaeoa, ii iiaiaeo eioi?iai’ naeaeaii ni-
iauaiea, e ec i?aaeeueiinoe ‘ioeaiee yoiai, oaeoa eae
i?anooieaiey49, /oi oniaoiia ?aoaiea caaea/ ia?aie
noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna aiciiaeii eeoue ‘.i?e onei-
aee aeinoiaa?iiai’ auaiaea i niauoee, niaea?aeauai i?e-
yiaye i?anooieaiey50, ‘/oi aeayiea e iaee/ea-a iai
.i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey aeieaeiu .auoue onoaiiaeaiu aein-
oiaa?ii!51, /oi a ?anii?yaeaiee i?aaia, ?ac?aoathuaai
aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai1 aeaea, aeieaeiu ‘auoue
oaeea oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, eioi?ua ia aucuaatho nii-
iaiey ioiineoaeueii i?anooiiiai oaeoa 52, /oi :e iiiaioo
auianaiey iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea iniiaaiea e i?eiyoeth oaeiai ?aoaiey aeieaeii
auoue onoaiiaeaii aeinoiaa?ii’53.
Yoe noaeaeaiey i?aaenoaaeythony iaaa?iuie. Iaeuecy
o?aaiaaoue aeinoiaa?iiai onoaiiaeaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa>
iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?eiyoey eaeiai-eeai ?aoaiey, eiaaea
i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey aua’ ia caeii/ai. A /anoiinoe, a
iiiaio -i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i’ aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
/aea auaiae i. iaee/ee a aeayiee, i’ eioi?ii iinooieei
cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey ia
anaaaea iiaeao auoue aeinoiaa?iui, iineieueeo a ia?aie
noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiea oieueei ia/e-
iaaony, iiiaea ianoiyoaeuenoaa i?anooieaiey aua ia ec-
aanoiu. Ii?aaeaeyy oneiaey, i?e iaee/ee eioi?uo ii-
aeao auoue aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei, caeii iacuaaao
aeinoaoi/iua aeaiiua, oe a c u a a th ue a ia i?eciaee
i?anooieaiey. Oaeei ia?acii, ?a/ue eaeao ia iainiiaai-
iii i?aaeiieiaeaiee, a ia i aeinoiaa?iinoe auaiaeia. O?a-
aiaaiea aea aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeoue i?eciaee i?anooiea-
iey oaea :e iiiaioo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ii-
noaaeei au ia?aae yoei yoaiii oaieiaiiai noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa iaauiieieioth e eceeoithth caaea/o, iii. iiaei
au i?eaanoe ‘e ineiaeiaieth i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee (niia-
uaiee). Iiyoiio neaaeoao niaeaneoueny n iiaieai aaoi-
?ia, eioi?ua n/eoatho, /oi aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeinoaoi/ii eiaoue aeaiiua,
iicaieythuea naeaeaoue i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiue .auaiae i, oii,
/oi eiaei ianoi i?anooieaiea54. I?a.aeeueiinoue ?aoaiey
54
i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea i?iaa?yaony ia anao ii-
neaaeothueo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Iaaei o/anoue ‘aua ‘e ‘oi., /oi iiaiea i iaiaoiaeeiinoe
aeinoiaa?iiai onoaiiaeaiey niauoey i?anooieaiey oaea
e iiiaioo aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ia niioaaonoao-
; ao iieiaeaieth, cae?aieaiiiio a no. 3 OIE, iiaeani/y
: eioi?iio i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u ,e
noaea aeieaeiu i?eiyoue ia?u e onoaiiaeaieth niauoey
i?anooieaiey iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ia
niioaaonoaoao iii e i?aeoeea aicaoaeaeaiey e ?anneaaei-
aaiey oaieiaiuo aeae, iineieueeo onoaiiaeaiea niauoey
i?nnooieaiiy ia?aaeei o?aaoao ouaoaeueiie ,e e?iiio-
eeaie ?aaiou, a auaiae i ‘aai iaee/ee noaiiaeony aeinoi-
aa?iui eeoue a eiioea ?anneaaeiaaiey.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue oaeaea, /oi ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u,
ooaa?aeaeathuea iaiaoiaeeiinoue aeinoiaa?iiai onoaiiaea-
iey niauoey i?anooieaiey e iiiaioo aicaoaeaeaiey oai”
eiaiiai aeaea, aeiioneatho .i?ioeai?a/ey a naieo noaeaea-
ieyo. Oae, A. ssneineee, iieaaay, /oi aeayiea e iaee/ea
a iai i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey aeieaeiu auoue onoaiia-
eaiu aeinoiaa?ii, ia io?eoeaao oiai’, /oi
a noaaeee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey auyniyeinue,
/oi a aeayiee ionoonoaotho i?eciaee i?anooieaiey, cia-
/eo i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai
aeaea iaee/ea yoeo i?eciaeia auei’ onoaiiaeaii ia aein-
oiaa?ii, a i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueii.
Iaeuecy i?eciaoue i?aaeeueiui e oiio?aaeaiea iaei-
oi?uie aaoi?aie oaeeo iiiyoee, eae
iinoue> ianoiyoaeuenoa57, iineieueeo aeinoiaa?iinoue, a io-
ee/ea io aa?iyoiinoe, ya eiaao noaiaiae. Iaoe noae-
aeaiey i oii aeee eiii oaeoa iiaoo auoue aieaa eee
iaiaa aa?iyoiuie, ii. iie iiaoo auoue eee aeinoiaa?iu-
ie, eee iaaeinoiaa?iuie. Eniieueciaaiea aea oeacaiiuo
iiiyoee ii’ nouanoao icia/aao, /oi ?a/ue eaeao i aieaa
eee iaiaa .aa?iyoiii noaeaeaiee i^ oao .eee eiuo oaeoao,
i?eciaeao, ianoiyoaeuenoaao.
A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a i?aaeeueii ia?aua-
einue aieiaiea ia ianiioaaonoaea iaaeaeo /. 2 no. 108 e
55
/. ‘1 no. 119 OIE, niaea?aeaueo ii?aaeaeaiea iniiaaiey
e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai’ aeaea58. A /. 2 no. 108 OIE
aiai?eony, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei iiaeao auoue .aicaoae-
aeaii oieueei ‘a oao ‘neo/ayo, eiaaea eiathony aeinoaoi/iua
aeaiiua,
niunea yoie ii?iu .auoaeaao, /oi e iiiaioo i?eiyoey
?aoaiey i .aicaoaeaeaiee o aie iaeiiai aeaea iao iaiaoiaee-
iinoe aeinoiaa?ii onoaiaaeeaaoue iaee/ea i?eciaeia
i?anooieaiey; aeinoaoi/ii eiaoue eeoue aeaiiua,
caii, /oi, i?aai aeiciaiey aicaoaeaeaao oaieiaiia aeaei
. ?aaeaeoeey yoie
ii?iu aeaao iniiaaiea aeey ooaa?aeaeaiey, /oi ‘e iiiaioo
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?eciaee i?anooieaiey
aeieaeiu auoue onoaiiaeaiu aeinoiaa?ii. I?aaenoaaeyaony,
/oi yoe ii?iu iaaei i?eaanoe a niioaaonoaea ae?oa n
ae?oaii. E?iia oiai, a oeaeyo aaeeiiia?aciiai iiieia-
iey aeinoaoi/iinoe aeaiiuo, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey ?aoaiey
aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, neaaeoao .ecia-
ieoue ?aaeaeoeeth /. 2 no. 108 OIE, oeacaa a iae: oaieia-
iia aeaei iiaeao auoue aicaoaeaeaii oieueei i?e iaee/ee
iainiiaaiiiai i?aaeiieiaeaiey, /oi aeayiea, .i eioi?ii
aiai?eony a cayaeaiee eee niiauaiee, niaea?aeeo i?e-
ciaee i?anooieaiey.
Oaeei ia?acii, caeii ia o?aaoao, /oiau ‘e iiiaioo
i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea oaeo
niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey aue onoaiiaeai aeinoiaa?ii;
aeinoaoi/ii iieo/eoue aeaiiua, oeacuaathuea ia aiciiae-
iinoue aai niaa?oaiey. Yoi iieiaeaiea oaeaea naeaeaoaeue-
noaoao .i oii, /oi: i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey i?e i?eiyoee
?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aoaeoo oaea,
/ai ii) oaieiaiiio aeaeo a oeaeii, iineieueeo aeey aa-
?iyoiiai, i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiiai auaiaea ‘i .iaee/ee eee io-
noonoaee eaeeo-eeai oaeoia, ianoiyoaeuenoa o?aaoaony
iaiueoaa eiee/anoai aeieacaoaeuenoa, /ai aeey eo aeinoiaa?-
iiai onoaiiaeaiey.
Iaeiaei neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi aeey. i?eiyoey
?aoaiey ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai’ aeaea io-
noonoaea iniiaaiee e .aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea eee
iaee/ea ‘eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo ‘i?iecaiaenoai
ii aeaeo, aeieaeiu auoue onoaiiaeaiu aeinoiaa?ii’59. Yoi
ieacuaaao aeeyiea e ia i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey i?e i?e-
66
iyoee ?aoaiey ia ioeaca ,a aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea.
Oaeei ia?acii, iiiaaiyiaoe i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia
aeieacuaaiey a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea ca-
eeth/athony a oii, /oi ia aeaiiii yoaia oaieiaiiai ao-
aeii?iecaiaenoa.a, eae i?aaeei, aeieaeiu auoue onoaiia-
eaiu ia aia ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea cia/aiea aeey ‘i?a-
aeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, a eeoue iaeioi-
?ua .ec ieo. I?e/ai aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeinoaoi/ii iainiiaaiiiai i?aae-
iieiaeaiey i nouanoaiaaiey yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa.
A eaaa III
INIAAIIINOE AeIEACAOAEUeNOA
E I?IOeANNA AeIEACUAAIEss
A NOAAeEE AICAOAEAeAIEss
OAIEIAIIAI AeAEA
1. Iniaaiiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
1. Aaeeinoaaiiui n?aaenoaii onoaiiaeaiey ianoi-
yoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, yaeythony aeieacaoaeuenoaa. Ii?aaeaeaiea
iiiyoey aeieacaoaeuenoaa niaea?aeeony ‘a no. 16 Iniic
(no. 69 OIE ?NON? e niioaaonoaothueo noaoueyo OIE
ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee) \. Yoi ii?aaeaeaiea oieeo-
aony ii-?aciiio. Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u iieaaatho, /oi iiae
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie neaaeoao iiieiaoue oieueei oaeoe/aneea
aeaiiua, oaeou, a iieacaiey naeaeaoaeae e o. ‘i. neoaeao
enoi/ieeaie aeieacaoaeuenoa 2.
Iiaeiaiia iiieiaiea aeieacaoaeuenoaa aucuaaao aic-
?aaeaiea i?aaeaea anaai iioiio, /oi iii a naiae iniiaa
no?ieony ia io?uaa oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo io eo enoi/-
ieeia. E. Ae. Ia?eia, ‘iai?eia?, ienae:
eyaony iaiieiui, iineieueeo a iai oeacuaaaony e.eoue
ia iaeei i?eciae aeieacaoaeuenoaa – aai ioiineiinoue.
Ii oaeei naienoaii iiaoo iaeaaeaoue e oaeoe/aneea aeay-
iua, ia eiathuea aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie neeu, iai?eia?,
iieo/aiiua’ a ?acoeueoaoa’ iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie aea-
yoaeueiinoe i?aaiia aeiciaiey. Ia iniiaaiee iaeiiai
eeoue naienoaa ioiineiinoe ia i?aaenoaaeyaony aiciiae-
iui ioa?aie/eoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa io oaeoe/aneeo aeay-
iuo, ia yaeythueony oaeiauie.
Aeey oiai aea, /oiau oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua iiaee ?an-
58
niao?eaaoueny ‘eae aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau
iie auee ‘iaea/aiu a i?aaeoniio?aiioth caeiiii i?ioean-
noaeueioth oi?io, /oiau iie auee iieo/aiu a onoaiia-
eaiiii caeiiii i?ioeannoaeueiii ii?yaeea, /oiau iie
ioaa/aee o?aaiaaieth aeiionoeiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa. Iae-
iei ec iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee ‘i?eciaiey aeieacaoaeuenoaa
aeiionoeiui ‘yaeyaony iieo/aiea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo
oieueei ec i?aae oniio?aiiuo caeiiii enoi/ieeia. En-
iieueciaaiea eiuo enoi/ieeia oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo a ea-
/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa iaaeiionoeii’.
Ii yoei aea i?e/eiai iaeuecy ‘niaeaneoueny e n oi/-
eie c?aiey 01 oae ‘iacuaaaiii
iee aeieacaoaeuenoa, a niioaaonoaee n ‘eioi?ie aeieacaoaeue-
noaaie neoaeao e oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, e eo .enoi/ieee 4.
Oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua e eo enoi/ieee, acyoua naie ii
naaa, a io?uaa ae?oa io ae?oaa, ia ia?acotho aeieacaoaeue-
noaa. Neaaeoao i?eciaoue o?aaeeueiui iiaiea aaoi?ia,
eioi?ua iiae aeieacaoaeuenoaaie iiieiatho ia?ac?uaiia
aaeeinoai ‘niaea?aeaiey (oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo) e oi?iu –
(enoi/ieeia, ec eioi?uo iieo/aiu yoe aeaiiua) 5. Oaeia
iiieiaiea aeieacaoaeuenoaa i?eaioe?oao i?aaiu aeicia-
iey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ia enneaaeiaaiea
e ‘oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, e eo enoi/ieeia, ia ‘ioeaieo
eae aeia?oaoa/anoaaiiinoe ‘enoi/ieea, oae i aeinoiaa?iin-
oe ‘iieo/aiiuo ec iaai’ oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo.
Ii aeey oiai, /oiau oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua
ec oeacaiiuo .a caeiia enoi/ieeia, iiaee eiaoue aeiea-
caoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea, iaiaoiaeeii, aua iaeii oneiaea:
yoe aeaiiua aeieaeiu auoue .iieo/aiu ia ethauie, a
oieueei’ oeacaiiuie a caeiia niiniaaie. Naaaeaiey, ni-
a?aiiua eiuie niiniaaie, ia yaeythony aeieacaoaeue-
noaaie, iineieueeo a iiaeiaiuo ‘neo/ayo ‘ionoonoaotho ia-
iaoiaeeiua aa?aioee eo aeinoiaa?iinoe eee eneeth/aaony
‘aiciiaeiinoue eo iineaaeothuae i?iaa?ee. Caeiiiinoue
niiniaa iieo/aiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo – iaiouaiea-
iay /anoue iiiyoey aeieacaoaeuenoaa6.
A niaaoneie th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a auneacuaa-
eenue ?acee/iua noaeaeaiey ii aii?ino i ‘oii, /oi neaaeoao
iiieiaoue iiae oaeoe/aneeie aeaiiuie, ‘i eioi?uo aiai-
?eony ‘a /. 1 no. ’69 OIE, – ‘naie oaeou eee naaaeaiey
i ieo. Anoue iiaiea, /oi caeiiiaeaoaeue n/eoaao aeieaca-
oaeuenoaaie oieueei aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeaiiua’ oaeou7.
N yoei iaeuecy ‘niaeaneoueny. Iiae oaeoe/aneeie aeaiiu-
59
ii .neaaeoao iiieiaoue naaaeaiey i oaeoao. Eiaiii ec
oaeiai iiieiaiey aeieacaoaeuenoaa e enoiaeee caeiiiaea-
oaeue, onoaiiaea, /oi
OIE). Caeii, neaaeiaaoaeueii, o?aaoao i?iaa?ee e ioeai-
ee aeieacaoaeuenoa n oi/ee c?aiey eo aeinoiaa?iinoe.
Oaeou aea eae yaeaiey iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe
ia iiaoo auoue niiieoaeueiuie eee iaaeia?iea/anoaai-
iuie: iie 1ee;e nouanoaiaaee eee ia nouanoaiaaee. Aei-
noiaa?iuie eee iaaeinoiaa?iuie iiaoo .auoue eeoue naa-
aeaiey i’a yoeo ‘oaeoao. Ii a iiiaio iieo/aiey naaaea-
iee aua ia ecaanoii, niioaaonoaotho iie eee ia niio-
aaonoaotho iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. A ea/anoaa
aeinoiaa?iuo yoe naaaeaiey iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eeoue
iinea eo i?iaa?ee e iiaiee a niaieoiiinoe n ae?oaeie
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie. Anee aea iiae aeieacaoaeuenoaaie ii-
ieiaoue oieueei aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeaiiua oaeou, oi
o?aaiaaiea caeiia i i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa aoaeao ec-
eeoiei, oae eae iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?iaa?youe oi, /oi
oaea i?iaa?aii e i?eciaii aeinoiaa?iui.
Iiieiaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa oieueei eae aeinoiaa?ii
onoaiiaeaiiuo oaeoia i?ioean?a/eo e no. 314 OIE; a iae
aiai?eony, /oi iienaoaeueiay /anoue i?eaiai?a aeieaeia
niaea?aeaoue iioeau, ii eioi?ui noae ioaa?a oa eee eiua
aeieacaoaeuenoaa. A /anoiinoe, noae iiaeao ioaa?aiooue
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, i?eciaiiua iaaeinoiaa?iuie. Ec neacai-
iiai auoaeaao, /oi iiae oaeoe/aneeie aeaiiuie, i ei-
oi?uo aiai?eony a /. 1 no. 69 OIE eae i aeieacaoaeue-
noaao, neaaeoao iiieiaoue ia naie oaeou, a naaaeaiey i
ieo 8.
Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u iieaaatho, /oi iiae oaeoe/anee-
ie aeaiiuie iaaei iiieiaoue eae naaaeaiey i oaeoao,
iieo/aiiua ec oeacaiiuo a caeiia enoi/ieeia, oae e
onoaiiaeaiiua ia eo iniiaa aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oae-
ou 9. Aeaenoaeoaeueii, aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oaeou a ni-
aieoiiinoe n ae?oaeie oaeoe/aneeie aeaiiuie -eniieue-
cothony aeey iainiiaaiey auaiaea i: iaee/ee eee ionoo-
noaee i?anooieaiey, i aeiiaiinoe eee iaaaoi aianoe
iaaeiyaiiai.
oaeueiay aauue> 10. Yoo iuneue A. E. Eaieia .eiiaaea i?i-
60
aiaeyo a iainiiaaiea oiai, /oi’ aeieacaoaeuenoaaie yaey-
thony oaeou, a ya naaaeaiey i’ ieo”. Iaeiaei a ?aaioa
A. E. Eaieia ?a/ue eaeao ia i’ nouiinoe i?ioeannoaeueiuo
aeieacaoaeuenoa, ‘a i eiae/aneii aeieacuaaiie.
Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua oaeou iaiaoiaeeii ioee/aoue io
naaaeaeee i oaeoao. Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiue oaeo – yoi
iuneaiiue (eaeaaeueiue) ia?ac iauaeoeaiie aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe, noi?ie?iaaaoeeny ia iniiaa aiaeeca a
ioeaiee naaaeaiee i oaeoa12. Ii iiaeao auoue eniieue-
ciaai a ea/anoaa a?aoiaioa a eiae/aneii aeieacuaaiee,
ii ii ia yaeyaony aeieacaoaeuenoaii a i?ioeannoaeueiii
niunea yoiai neiaa. Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiue oaeo i?aae-
noaaeyao niaie ninoaaioth /anoue i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaa-
iey, iineieueeo, i?aaeaea /ai eniieueciaaoue aai a eiae-
/aneii aeieacuaaiee, iaiaoiaeeii aai onoaiiaeoue n ii’-
iiuueth naaaeaiee i’ iai, o. a. n iiiiuueth aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Ooaa?aeaeaiea i oii, /oi aeieacaoaeuenoaaie neoaeao
ia oieueei naaaeaiey i oaeoao, ii e naie oaeou, eiia-
aea iainiiauaaaony neaaeothueie aeiaiaeaie: iaoa?eaeue-
iua neaaeu i?anooieaiey, nio?aieaoeany e iiiaioo
.?anneaaeiaaiey eee noaeaaiiai! ?acae?aoaeuenoaa oaieia-
iiai aeaea, iiaoo auoue iaiin?aaenoaaiii’ aini?eiyou ee-
oeii, i?iecaiaeyuei aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaeai, i?ieo?i-
?ii eee noaeii (iai?eia?, oaeo iaoiaeaeaiey ia ianoa
i?anooieaiey .iiaea, eioi?ui, ii. anae .aeaeeiinoe, auei
niaa?oaii oaeenoai) 13. N yoei noaeaeaieai niaeaneoueny
.iaeuecy, iineieueeo iaoa?eaeueiua neaaeu i?anooieaiey a
.ea/anoaa iineoaeae aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie eioi?iaoeee
aaiey, ia io?aaeaiu ‘aai niciaieai e i?ioeannoaeueii ia
ioi?ieaiu. .Oieueei a ?acoeueoaoa oaeiai io?aaeaiey aic-
ieeaao aeieacaoaeuenoai, ii ,a aeaiiii neo/aa aeieaca-
oaeuenoaii aoaeao oaea ia nai oaeo iauaeoeaiie ?aaeue-
iinoe, a naaaeaiey i iai, niaea?aeaueany a onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiii enoi/ieea (iai?eia?, a i?ioieiea iniio?a
ianoa i?ienoanoaey).
Ii iaoaio iiaieth, a oeaeyo aaeeiiia?aciiai iiie-
iaiey aeieacaoaeuenoaa iaaei ooi/ieoue ii?aaeaeaiea yoiai
iiiyoey, niaea?aeauaany a no. 69 OIE. Yoo noaoueth nea-
aeiaaei au eceiaeeoue a oaeie ?aaeaeoeee:
2. Iiaoo ee iaoa?eaeu, iieo/aiiua aei aicaoaeaea-
aey oaieiaiiai’ aeaea, neoaeeoue aeieacaoaeuenoaaie; aeiion-
oeii ee eo eniieueciaaiea a yoii ea/anoaa a iineaaeo-
thueo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa?
Anoue iiaiea, /oi yoe iaoa?eaeu ia eiatho aeieaca-
oaeuenoaaiiie neeu, iineieueeo iie iiiaaeatho a noa?o
aeayoaeueiinoe neaaenoaaiiuo y noaeaaiuo i?aaiia a ii-
?yaeea, ia onoaiiaeaiiii oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui ca-
eiiii 14, iie iieo/athony ec enoi/ieeia, ia oeacaiiuo
a /. 2 no. 69 OIE 15. Ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u iieaaatho, /oi
cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) .i i?anooieaieyo, aeou ?aaecee,
aooaaeoa?neea aeieoiaiou, iieo/aiiua aei aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia eiatho ‘naiinoiyoaeueiiai aeieaca-
oaeuenoaaiiiai’ cia/aiey; iie iiaoo .auoue eniieueciaaiu
eae aeieoiaiou eee aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa eeoue
i?e oneiaee eo i?iaa?oae neaaenoaaiiui iooai 16.
Iaeiaei, eae oaea oeacuaaeinue, i?iecaiaenoai neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee – ia aaeeinoaaiiue niinia niae?a-
iey aeieacaoaeuenoa; iie iiaoo auoue iieo/aiu e n ii-
iiuueth eiuo i?ioeanno aeueiuo aeaenoaee (no. no. 70, 109
OIE). Iiyoiio oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua aei
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea n niaethaeaieai i?eiyouo
aeey yoie noaaeee i?ioeannoaeueiuo o?aaiaaiee, yaeythony
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, ia. iniiaaiee, eioi?uo a yoie noa-
aeee i?ioeanna onoaiaaeeaathony ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eia-
thuea cia/aiea aeey ?aoaiey aii?ina i, aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Aianoa n oai iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai,
/oi iaoa?eaeu i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie i?iaa?ee, i?iaiaeeiie
a ii?yaeea no. 109 OIE, nio?aiytho naia aeieacaoaeue-
noaaiiia cia/aiea a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai’ i?iecaiaenoaa ii
aeaeo e aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeieoiaiou 17, ii-
a2
neieueeo i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aeieacaoaeuenoaaeiii
cia/aiee yoeo iaoa?eaeia iaiaoiaeei aeeooa?aioee?i-
aaiiue iiaeoiae.
I?aaeaea anaai neaaeoao auynieoue, yaeythony ee. aeiea-
caoaeuenoaaie naaaeaiey, niaea?aeaueany a cayaeaieyo (ni-
iauaieyo) i i?anooieaieyo. Eae i?aaeei, a yoeo ca-
yaeaieyo (niiauaieyo) ,ia oieueei niaea?aeeony i?aaeii-
eiaeaiea (a eiiaaea e eaoaai?e/aneia ooaa?aeaeaiea) i
niaa?oaiee eee i?eaioiaeaiee e niaa?oaieth i?anooi-
eaiey, ii e i?eaiaeyony ii?aaeaeaiiua ‘oaeoe/aneea aeai-
iua, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea ‘yoi’ i?aaeiieiaeaiea (ooaa?aeaea-
iea). A ?acoeueoaoa i?iaaaeaiiiai’ iaie enneaaeiaaiey
auynieeinue, /oi oaeea naaaeaiey niaea?aeaeenue a 98,3.%
-eco/aiiuo cayaeaiee (niiauaiee). I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi.
yoe naaaeaiey iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu eae aeieacaoaeue-
noaa a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai i?iecaiaenoaa; ‘ii aeaeo, a eo
enoi/ieeii neoaeao oeacaiiua a /. ‘2 no. 69 OIE ‘
A niioaaonoaee n oeacaieyie oaieieii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea
eiatho aeieoiaiou, iaeaaeathuea niaieoiiinoueth neaaeo-
thueo i?eciaeia: ;1) iie niaea?aeao naaaeaiey ‘ia ianoi-
yoaeuenoaao, ‘enoi/iee eioi?uo iiaeao auoue i?iaa?ai;
2) yoe naaaeaiey oaeinoiaa?ythony eee eceaaathony i?aa-
iaie e aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie ‘a i?aaeaeao eo aeieaeiino-
iie eiiiaoaioeee, ‘a anee aeieoiaio enoiaeeo io a?aae-
aeaieia, – oi a i?aaeaeao ‘aai’ .oaeoe/aneie inaaaeiieai-
iinoe; 3) yoe naaaeaiey aeieaeiu eiaoue cia/aiea aeey aea-
ea; 4) aeieoiaio i?eia?aoaao cia/aiea aeieacaoaeuenoaa,
anee niaethaeai onoaiiaeaiiue .caeiiii ii?yaeie aai’ ii-
eo/aiey e i?eiauaiey e aeaeo. Aia yoe i?eciaee i?e-
noue e i?ioeannoaeueii’ ‘ioi?ieaiiiio cayaeaieth (ni-
iauaieth) i’ i?anooieaiee. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoue-
ny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi enoiaeyuea io a?aaeaeai cayaea-
iey, ‘iauyniaiey e o. i. ‘yaeythony aeieoiaioaie eeoue
a iauaeaiiii iieeiaiee yoiai neiaa, ‘ii’ iie ia neoaeao
i?ioeannoaeueiuie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, eai oaeiauie ii-
aoo auoue eeoue enoiaeyuea ‘io a?aaeaeai aeieoiaiou, ca
eioi?uie caeii i?eciaao th?eaee/aneoth neeo (caaaua-
iey, aeiaa?aiiinoe, aeiaiai?u e o. i.) 19. Caiaoei, /oi
cayaeaiey ‘(niiauaiey) i i?anooieaieyo oaeaea eiatho
th?eaee/aneoth neeo, iineieueeo eo iinooieaiea a i?aaiu
aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea yaeyaony oai
63
th?eaee/aneei oaeoii, eioi?ue aea/ao iaycaiiinoue oea-
caiiuo i?aaiia ?anniio?aoue eo, i?eiyoue niioaaonoao-
thuaa ?aoaiea e oaaaeiieoue i iai cayaeoaey. E?iia oiai,.
anee naaaeaiey, niaea?aeaueany .a yoeo cayaeaieyo (niia-
uaieyo), ia niioaaonoaotho aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, eeoei, io
eioi?iai iie enoiaeyo, iiaeao auoue i?eaea/aii e oaieia-
iie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca caaaaeiii eiaeiue aeiiin.
Ii iiaieth ioaeaeueiuo aaoi?ia, iiaiaeu e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea eae aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaoo ia-
oiaeeoueny e a
ie?iaaaoainy aeaea. Cayaeaiey e ienueia a?aaeaeai i?aae-
noaaeytho niaie a
naeaeaoaeae e iioa?iaaoeo, yaea n iiaeiiie – yoi ao-
aeouea iieacaiey iiaeic?aaaaiiai e iaaeiyaiiai. *oi
aea eanaaony niiauaiee ainoaea?noaaiiuo e iauanoaai-
yuo i?aaiecaoeee, iioaeeeiaaiiuo a ia/aoe ‘noaoae, ca-
iaoie e ienai, oi iie i?aaenoaaeytho niaie a ieii/a-
oaeueiii aeaea aeieoiaiou20. Ii’ ia iaeiii e oii aea
i?anooieaiee i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u
e noaea iiaoo ociaoue ec ?aciuo enoi/ieeia. Iai?eia?,
a?aaeaeaiei iiaeao cayaeoue yoei i?aaiai i iaianaiee
aio oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, e ia yoii aea iiaeao ii-
nooieoue niiauaiea ea/aaiiai o/?aaeaeaiey, eoaea iino?a-
aeaaoee ia?auaeny ca iaaeeoeeineie iiiiuueth. A iiaeia-
iii ‘neo/aa auei ‘au iai?aaeeueii ?anniao?eaaoue niia-
uaiea ea/aaiiai o/?aaeaeaiey, a eioi?ii eceaaathony
caienaiiua ni1 neia iioa?iaaoaai ianoiyoaeuenoaa iaia-
iaiey a;io oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, eae ieii/aoaeueii
noi?ie?iaaaoaany aeieacaoaeuenoai, a cayaeaiea, ii-
aeaiiia yoei aea a?aaeaeaieiii ‘a i?aaiu aeiciaiey,
neaaenoaey, ‘i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea, – eeoue eae aai
iiai o/?aaeaeaiey yaeythony aeieacaoaeuenoaaie oiai, /oi
auei niaa?oaii i?anooieaiea.
Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea eiatho e ae?oaea aei-
eoiaiou (ni?aaee, oa?aeoa?enoeee, aeou ?aaecee e
eiaaioa?ecaoeee, caeeth/aiey oaoie/aneeo einiaeoi?ia e
o. i.), eioi?ua auee eno?aaiaaiu aei aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai! aeaea i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?a-
oo?u e ‘noaea, eeai auee i?aaenoaaeaiu ii nianoaaiiie
eieoeeaoeaa cayaeoaeai i i?anooieaiee eee eiuie ee-
oeaie. Oae, a ?acoeueoaoa i?ia aaeaiiiai iaie eco/aiey
oaieiaiuo aeae auynieeinue, /oi iaeiia?aiaiii n cayaea-
64
yiai (niiauaieai) .i i?anooieaiee aeiiieieoaeueiua ia-
oa?eaeu i?aaenoaaeyeenue a 11,7% neo/ayo io iauaai
eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo aeae, a oii /enea iaoa?eaeu ia
oeeiiaiee io oieaou aeeiaioia – a 63,3% neo/aaa io
iauaai eiee/anoaa i?aaenoaaeaiiuo iaoa?eaeia, iaoa?e-
aeu i aei?iaeii-o?ainii?oiuo i?ienoanoaeyo-a 13,3%,
eiiee enoi?ee ‘aieacie – a 13,3%, aeou ?aaecee –
,R 6,6%, iaoa?eaeu aaaeiinoaaiiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ia-
n/anoiiai neo/ay ia ‘i?iecaiaenoaa – a. 3,3%. Aiineaae-
noaee ana yoe ‘iaoa?eaeu auee iieiaeaiu a iniiao
‘iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth/aiey e i?eaiai?a.
Iaeiaei ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u iieaaatho, /oi oioy i?i-
oeaaeo?a eno?aaiaaiey iaoa?eaeia a i?eioeeia aaeeia aeey
anao noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, ii eno?aaiaaiea .i?aae-
iaoia y aeieoiaioia a niioaaonoaee ni’ no. 70 OIE,
n iaeiie noi?iiu, e a ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiii no. 109
OIE, – n ae?oaie, i?eaiaeeo e ?acee/iui ?acoeueoaoai:
a ia?aii neo/aa iieo/aaony aeieacaoaeuenoai, a ai aoi-
?ii – iaoa?eaeu, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey i?eiyoey iainii-
aaiiiai ?aoaiey ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ei-
oi?ua aeieacaoaeuenoaaie ia yaeythony. A oiaea i?aaeaa-
?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey aeieoiaiou, iieo/aiiua aei’
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu
a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa, i?e/ai aeey i?eaeaiey ei
aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie neeu ia o?aaoaony aeiiieieoaeueii-
ai i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey, yoe aeieoiaiou noaii-
ayony aeieacaoaeuenoaaie
Yoi noaeaeaiea i?aaenoaaeyaony ‘iaoaaaee oaeueiui. An-
ee i?ioeannoaeueiue ii?yaeie eno?aaiaaiey aeieoiaioia
ia caaeneo io noaaeee i?ioeanna, a eioi?ie aicieeea ia-
iaoiaeeiinoue a eo iieo/aiee, anee aeey eniieueciaaiey
aeieoiaioa, iieo/aiiiai; aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea, a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoaa a iineaaeothueo noa-
aeeyo oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe
e ‘eo aeiiieieoaeueiii i?ioeannoaeueiii ioi?ieaiee, oi,
i/aaeaeii, iaeuecy ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi yoe aeieoiaiou eiatho
?acee/iue i?aaiaie noaoon a caaeneiinoe ‘io oiai, ia
eaeie ‘noaaeee iie iieo/aiu. Iiyoiio neaaeoao i?eeoe
e auaiaeo, /oi aeieoiaiou, eno?aaiaaiiua i?aaiaie aei-
ciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e ‘noaea a niioaaonoaey
‘n ii?iaie oaieiaii-i?iiannoaeueiiai i?aaa, aeieaeiu
?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeieacaoaeuenoaa iacaaeneii io
5. I. I. Eociaoeia
65
oiai, ‘a eaeie iiiaio oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iie
iieo/aiu.
A .iaeioi?uo neo/ayo aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea iiaoo auoue i?iaaaeaiu ‘ioaeaeueiua neaaenoaaiiua
aeaenoaey. Oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua a ?acoeueoaoa
eo i?iecaiaenoaa, ‘yaeythony aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, iineieue-
eo ‘eo enoi/iee (i?ioieieu neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee) i?y-
ii i?aaeoniio?ai caeiiii a /. 2 no. 69 OIE.
A oiaea iniio?a ianoa i?ienoanoaey aiciiaeii ia-
ia?oaeaiea i?aaeiaoia, eiathueo ioiioaiea e i?anooi-
eaieth. Oaeea aea i?aaeiaou iiaoo auoue i?aaenoaaeaiu
cayaeoaeai i i?anooieaiee e eiuie eeoeaie, eno?aai-
aaiu ‘ii eieoeeaoeaa i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?i-
eo?aoo?u e noaea. A iineaaeothueo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yoe i?aaeiaou iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny
eae aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa. Ii iaeuecy niaeaneoue-
ny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, ‘/oi aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa
—
99 O’
iieo/athony e aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea’-. Aio
eee eiie i?aaeiao i?eia?aoaao
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, anee eiathony i?ioieieu iaia?oaeaiey
e iniio?a yoiai i?aaeiaoa, anee auianaii’ iinoaiiaea-
iea i i?eiauaiee yoiai i?aaeiaoa e aeaeo a ea/anoaa
aauanoaaiiiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa e, iaeiiaoe, anee na*
yoio i?aaeiao eiaaony a iaee/ee. Ii anee i?iecaiaenoaa
iniio?a i?aaeiaoa, iaia?oaeaiiiai ia ianoa i?ienonno
‘aey, aiciiaeii a oiaea iniio?a ianoa i?ienoanoaey, oa
iniio? i?aaeiaoia, eioi?ua auee i?aaenoaaeaiu a i?-
aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea cayae-
oaeai eee eiuie eeoeaie, eee auee eno?aaiaaiu ii
eieoeeaoeaa oeacaiiuo i?aaiia, aiciiaeai oieueei iinea
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. E eeoue iinea .aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai1 aeaea ‘yoe ‘i?aaeiaou iiaoo ‘auoue i?eia-
uaiu e iaio a ea/anoaa aauanoaaiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Ii naaaeaiey, ‘iieo/aiiua n ‘iiiiuueth yoiai i?aaeiaoa,
eniieuecothony i?e ?aoaiee aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee eee
ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Iniaue eioa?an i?aaenoaaeyao ?anniio?aiea aii?ina
a aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiii cia/aiee iauyniaiee, iieo/aiiuo
io a?aaeaeai y aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe aei aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea. A niaaoieie th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a
auei auneacaii iiaiea, /oi yoe iauyniaiey ia ii-
aoo auoue eniieueciaaiu a ‘ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa 23. Ae?o-
aea o/aiua n/eoatho, /oi oaeea iauyniaiey nio?aiytho
naia aeiea ya oae anoaaiiia cia/aiea .iinea aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea e aeieaeiu ?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeieo-
iaiou 24. Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u iieaaatho, /oi iauyniaiey
i/aaeaeoeaa neoaeao aeieoiaioaie (o. a. aeieacaoaeuenoaaie)
oieueei ,a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, ‘a iinea-
aeothueo aea noaaeeyo ‘oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iau-
yniaiey ia .iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu a ea/anoaa aei-
eacaoaeuenoa aianoi iieacaiee yoeo eeoe eae naeaeaoa-
eae 2a.
Ii iiaieth aaoi?ia, io?eoeathueo aeieacaoaeuenoaai-
iia cia/aiea iauyniaiee, iniiaiui .
yniaiee, i?aiyonoaothuei eo eniieueciaaieth a ea/anoaa
aeieacaoaeuenoa, yaeyaony oi, /oi iie iieo/aiu ‘aac i?a-
aeoi?aaeaeaiey ia oaieiaiie ‘ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca ioeac io
aea/,e iieacaiee e ca aea/o caaaaeiii eiaeiuo iieaca-
ie. Ii auei au iai?aaeeueii enoiaeeoue ec caaaaeiiie
:aae’in oi aa?iinoe naaaeaiee, niaea?aeaueony !A iauyniaiee,
[ioue iioiio, /oi eeoei, aeathuaa iauyniaiea, ia i?a-
aeoi?aaeaeaeinue ia oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii
,o. no. 181, 182 OE. ?acoiaaony, i?ioeannoaeueiue ii?y-
aeie aeii?ina nicaeaao iaeaieaa aeaaii?eyoiua oneiaey
[ey iieo/aiey aeinoiaa?iuo naaaeaiee. Iaeiaei naii ii
iaa i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiea ia oaieiaiie ‘ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca
i-eac io aea/e iieacaiee e ca aea/o caaaaeiii eiaeiuo
[ieacaiee ia yaeyaony iieiie aa?aioeae oiai, /oi
theo/aiiua naaaeaiey aaconeiaii aeinoiaa?iu, iineieueeo
1 ‘ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo eiaeiua iieacaiey aeathony e iinea
‘aeiai i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey.
Eco/aiea i?aeoeee iieacuaaao, /oi naaaeaiey, ni^
1’a?aeaueany a ‘iauyniaieyo, eae i?aaeei, aeinoiaa?iu.
Oae, ii iaoei aeaiiui, 96,7% eeoe, o eioi?uo aei aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeae.a auee iieo/aiu iauyniaiey,
aeii?aoeaaeenue a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiyy
o noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. Noae i?eciae aeinoiaa?iu-
ie iieacaiey 90,5% aeii?ioaiiuo ei eeoe, i?e/ai
95,5% iieacaiee, i?eciaiiuo noaeii aeinoiaa?iuie, ni-
aea?aeaee naaaeaiey, aiaeiae/iua oai, ‘eioi?ua auee ii-
eo/aiu o oao aea eeoe aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Ianiiiaiii, eeoei, o eioi?iai aei aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea auei iieo/aii iauyniaiea, aeieaeii auoue
Aeii?ioaii a oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey, ii-
neieueeo eniieueciaaiea ‘iauyniaiee aianoi iieacaiee
naeaeaoaeae (iioa?iaaoeo, iaaeiyaiuo) iaaeiionoeii,
o 67
oae eae a i?ioeaiii neo/aa ‘aoaeao eiaoue ianoi iiae-
iaia aeieacaoaeuenoaa i i?eaeaeaiiiai aeaea. (iai?eia?,.
naaaeaiee, iieo/aiiuo a ?acoeueoaoa aeii?ina naeaeaoaeae)
iaoa?eaeaie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie i?iaa?ee.
A oi aea a?aiy a i?aeoeea iiaoo ano?aoeoueny neo-
/ae, eiaaea eeoei, aeaaoaa iauyniaiea, i’a i?aaenoaaeyao-
ny aiciiaeiui aeio?ineoue, iai?eia?, ‘a nayce n aai nia?oueth.
A yoii neo/aa iiaoo auoue iaeaeaiu e ae?oaea aeieacaoaeue-
noaa, a oii /enea e i?iecaiaeiua. Ii! aoaeao ee ii?aa-
aeai .a yoeo oneiaeyo ioeac io -eniieueciaaiey a ea/anoaa
aeieacaoaeuenoaa iauyniaiey, iieo/aiiiai o i/aaeaeoea ni-
auoey? Aeoiaaony, /oi iao.
Ii e oiaaea, eiaaea eeoei’, aeaaoaa iauyniaiea, aeii?a-
oeaaaony i?e i?iecaiaenoaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey, iauyniaiea nio?aiyao naith aeieacaoaeuenoaai-
ioth ‘neeo. A i?aeoeea ano?a/athony neo/ae, eiaaea eeoei
a oiaea aeii?ina a ‘neeo oao .eee eiuo i?e/ei aeaao ii-
eacaiey, ‘ioee/athueany ii naiaio niaea?aeaieth io naa-
aeaiee, i?eaiaeeaoeony a iauyniaiee. Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u
iieaaatho, ‘/oi i?e oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao iauyniaiey,
ia yaeyynue aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, i?iaeieaeatho ieacuaao
aeeyiea eeoue ia: i?ioeann iiciaiey, iiaoaeaeay eei.
inouanoaeythuaa aeieacuaaiea, i?eiyoue ia?u e ooi/i’
ieth eiathueony naaaeaiee26.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii!, anee eiaaony nouanoaaiiia i?io;
ai?a/ia iaaeaeo naaaeaieyie, niaea?aeaueieny a iieac:
Ieyo e a iauyniaiee, ‘iie aeieaeiu auoue ouaoaeueii i?’
aa?aiu. Iaeiaei iaiaoiaeeiinoue ‘a oaeie i?iaa?ea ie-
yaeyaony ia oieueei ‘iioiio, /oi yoe naaaeaiey ioee/athony
ae?oa io ae?oaa. Aeaaiay i?e/eia caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi
eiaaony nouanoaaiiia i?ioeai?a/ea iaaeaeo aeaoiy aei-
eacaoaeuenoaaie: naaaeaieyie, niaea?aeaueieny a iauyn-
iaiee, n iaeiie noi?iiu, e a iieacaieyo – n ae?oaie.
Yoi i?ioeai?a/ea aeieaeii auoue ono?aiaii eee iauyn-
iaii, iineieueeo ?aoaiea, i?eiyoia ia iniiaa i?ioeai-
?a/eauo aeaiiuo, aoaeao iacaeiiiui y iaiainiiaaiiui.
Niaaoneia oaieiaaeoi-i?ioeannoaeueiia caeiiiaeaoaeue-
noai onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi a neo/ayo, eiaaea eiaaony no-
uanoaaiiia i?ioeai?a/ea iaaeaeo ii Eacaie y i,e, eioi?ua
auee aeaiu naeaeaoaeai eee iiaenoaeeiui i?e i?iecaiae-
noaa aeiciaiey eee i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai .neaaenoaey, n iaeiie
noi?iiu, e eo iieacaieyi.e ia noaea – n ae?oaie, a no-
aeaaiii canaaeaiee iiaoo ‘auoue iaeaoaiu iieacaiey
68
yoeo eeoe, aeaiiua eie i?e i?iecaiaenoaa ?anneaaeiaa-
iey (no. tho. 281, 286 OIE). Ii. a ‘i?aeoeea iiaoo eiaoue
ianoi neo/ae, :eiaaea a iieacaieyo naeaeaoaeae e iiaeno-
aeeiuo, aeaiiuo eie a e?iiaiia ?anneaaeiaaiey e ia no-
aea, iao oaeeo i?ioeai?a/ee, ii yoe iieacaiey nouano-
aaiii .ioee/athony ‘io naaaeaiee, eioi?ua ‘auee iieo/aiu
o oao aea eeoe aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai! aeaea. Iiaoo
e,e yoa iauyniaiey auoue iaeaoaiu a noaeaaiii canaaea-
iee, a anee iiaoo, oi eaeoth ?ieue aoaeoo ea?aoue niaea?-
aeaueany a ieo oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua: ‘aoaeoo .iie neoaeeoue
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie eee ae.a iao? Ii iaoaio iiaieth, a
yoeo neo/ayo iauyniaiey aeieaeiu iaeaoaoueny a noaea
(yoi iieiaeaiea auei au ‘oeaeaniia?acii cae?aieoue a
caeiia), a naaaeaiey, niaea?aeaueany a ieo, iaiaoiaeeii
?anniao?eaaoue eae aeieacaoaeuenoaa. Oaeie ii?yaeie ‘ao-
aeao niinianoaiaaoue iieiiio, ananoi?iiiaio e iauaeoea-
iiio enneaaeiaaieth anao ‘ianoiyoaeuenoa aeae.a ‘e ‘auiana-
ieth caen.iaiai .e iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey. Iaaeaeo oai
.eco/aiea i?aeoeee iieacuaaao, /’oi1 noaeu aeaeaei ia anaa-
aea iaeaoatho iauyniaiey a neo/aa eo ioee/ey ‘io iiea-
caiee oao aea eeoe. Oae, ii iaoei aeaiiui, nouanoaai-
iua i?ioeai?a/ey iaaeaeo iauyniaieyi.e, iieo/aiiuie
aei ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai .aeaea, e iieacaieyie oao aea
eei ia noaea eiaeenue a 3’1 neo/aa (1’2,1°/i io iauaai ei-
ee/anoaa eco/aiiuo oaieiaiuo aeae), a iauyniaiea a
noaeaaiii canaaeaiee iaeaoaeinue eeoue a iaeiii neo/aa,
i?e/ai ‘niaea?aeaueany a iai aeaiiua auee iieiaeaiu a
iniiao i?eaiai?a.
I?aeoeea Aa?oiaiiai ‘Noaea ?NON? oaeaea n.aeaea-
– oaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi iauyniaiey, iieo/aiiua aei aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, nio?aiytho naia aeieacaoaeue-
noaaiiia cia/aiea .a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai ‘i?iecaiaenoaa ii
aeaeo. Aa?oiaiui Noaeii Aeaaanoaineie ANN? Iaiaaa
y Aaaeaeeaa auee inoaeaeaiu ii ‘i. 3 no. 117 OE. A ean-
naoeeiiiuo aeaeiaao iie oeacuaaee, /oi’ inoaeaeaiu i’a-
iainoiaaiii; naia ooaa?aeaeaiea iie iioeae?iaaee, a
/anoiinoe, oai, ‘/oi ‘noae ‘aue ia ai?aaa ‘a?aoue c.a iniiao
auaiaea ‘ia !eo .aeiiaiinoe iieacaiey iioa?iaaoeo ia
‘i?aaeaa?eoaeueiii neaaenoaee, iineieueeo a noaeaaiii ca-
naaeaiee ‘iie io yoeo iieacaiee ioeacaeenue. Noaeaaiay
‘eieeaaey Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?NON? inoaaeea i?eaiai?
aac eciaiaiey, oeacaa, /oi’ ‘aeia Iaiaaaa e Aaaeaeeaaa
iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony aeaiiuie, niaea?aeaueieny a .aeoao no-
69
aea aii-i aaee ie e n ei ai in aeaeaoae uenoaia a iey ii oa? i a ao eo,
i?ioieieao iniio?a aauanoaaiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, ca-
eeth/aiee noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineie yenia?oecu aauanoaai-
iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, iieacaieyo iioa?iaaoeo ia i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiii neaaenoaee, a oaeaea a iauyniaieyo, aeaiiuo
iioa?iaaoeie ii iiaiaeo neo/eaoaainy 27.
Aianoa n oai neaaeoao ‘eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi ieii/a-
oaeueiua auaiaeu ii. aeaeo iaeuecy iniiauaaoue eyoue ia
aeaiiuo, niaea?aeaueony a’ iauyniaiee; iie iiaeeaaeao
naiie ouaoaeueiie i?iaa?ea y ioeaiea c niaieoiiinoe
n ae?oaeie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie.
A niaaoneie th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a auei’ aunea-
caii iiaiea, /oi’ a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaeii en-
iieueciaaoue e ni?aaeo neaaeiaaoaey i niaea?aeaiee aa-
naaeu n a?aaeaeaieiii, oae eae yoa ni?aaea ninoaaey-
aony iioiio, /oi’ eiaao cia/aiea aeey aeaea 28. Aeaenoae-
oaeueii, oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, niaea?aeaueany a oaeie
ni?aaea, iiaoo eiaoue cia/aiea aeey aeaea.. Ii’ ioiine-
iinoue – yoi oieueei iaeii! ec naienoa aeieacaoaeuenoaa^
I?e ?aoaiee .’aii?ina i aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiii cia/aiee
oao eee eiuo naaaeaiee ioaeii eiaoue a aeaeo e ae?oaie
i?eciae aeieacaoaeuenoaa – aai aeiionoeiinoue. Iaiaoiaee-
ii auynieoue, niioaaonoaoao ee enoi/iee e niinia ii-
eo/aiey yoeo naaaeaiee o?aaiaaieyi caeiia. Aeaenoao-
thuaa oaieiaii1-i?ioeannoaeuiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia aea-
ao oaeiai niiniaa niae?aiey, aeieacaoaeuenoa, eae ninoaa-
eaiea ni?aaee ‘i niaea?aeaiee aanaaeu n a?aaeaeaieiii. ,
Oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, niaea?aeaueany a oaeie ni?aaea, ia
iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iineieueeo^
iie iieo/aiu niiniaii, ia i?aaeoniio?aiiui ,a caei-‘
ia; yoe naaaeaiey iinyo eeoue aniiiiaaoaeueiue, i?eai-
oe?othuee oa?aeoa?.
Oaeei ia?acii,’ iniaaiiinoueth aeieacaoaeuenoa a noa-
aeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony oi, /oi aeey
onoaiiaeaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, (iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?eiyoey
caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey, i?eaeaeathony ia
ina enoi/ieee ‘oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, ia?a/eneaiiua a’
/. 2 no. 69 OIE, a eeoue iaeioi?ua ec ieo. E?iia oiai,
aeey yoie noaaeee oa?aeoa?ai e oaeie niaoeeoe/aneee
enoi/iee oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo
(iauyniaiey a?aaeaeai y
aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe), eioi?ue ia ano?a/aaony a ae?oaeo
noaaeeyo i?ioeanna. I?y/ai yoe iauyniaiey nio?aiytho
naia aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea a oiaea aeaeueiaeoaai
70
i?iecaiaenoaa ii aeaeo e aeieaeiu ?anniao?.ea.aoueny ‘eae
aeieoiaiou.
2. Iniaaiiinoe niae?aiey
e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa
1. Iaeiie ec iniaaiiinoae i?ioeanna aei’eacuaa’iiy a
noaaeee .aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony ii?aaea-
eaiiue ‘e?oa noauaeoia aeieacuaaiey. E eo /eneo a ia?-
aoth i/a?aaeue neaaeoao ioianoe eeoe, ia eioi?uo caeii
aiceaaaao iaycaiiinoue nia?aoue, i?iaa?eoue e ioeaieoue
oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea i iaee/ee a
aeayiee i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey, e ‘i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i
aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaaiai
aeaea. Iaeiaei caeii ii?aaeaeyao e?oa yoeo eeoe ii-?acii-
io: no. 3 OIE e eo /eneo ‘ioiineo noae, i?ieo?i?a, nea-_
aeiaaoaey y i?aai aeiciaiey, a no. 109 OIE – i?ieo-
?i?a, ‘neaaeiaaoaey, i?aai aeiciaiey e noaeueth. I?aaenoaa-
eyaony, /oi yoe ii?iu neaaeoao i?eaanoe a niioaaonoaea
ae?oa n ae?oaii, oeacaa, /oi ?aoaiea ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee eee
ia ioeaca ‘a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iieiiii/iu
i?eieiaoue noae, noaeuey, i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue .e i?aai
aeiciaiey.
?aoeoue aii?in ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai’ aeaea iiaeao i?aai aeiciaiey,
oioy niae?atho, i?iaa?ytho i ioeaieaatho iaiaoiaeeiua
aeey yoiai oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua aeieaeiinoiua eeoea yoeo
i?aaiia. Iiyoiio eeoea, ‘i?iecaiaeyuea aeiciaiea, oaeaea
\ aeieaeiu .auoue -ioianaiu e /eneo noauaeoia aeieacuaa-
. iey a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A no. 3 OIE ?NON? e niioaaonoaothueo noaoueyo
OIE ae?oaeo nithciuo ?anioaeee aiai?eony, /oi noae,
i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue e i?aai aeiciaiey iaycaiu aic-
aoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei a i?aaeaeao ‘naiae eiiiaoaioeey.
I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi yoe i?aaiu iiaoo aicaoaeeoue oai-
eiaiia aeaei’ ‘i ethaii i?anooieaiee ioaee/iiai iaae-
iaiey, iacaaeneii io onoaiiaeaiiie caeiiii iiaeneaae-
noaaiiinoe, ca eneeth/aieai neo/ay, oeaca:i’i’ioi a /. 3
no. 256 OIE: oaieiaiia aeaei a ‘ioiioaiee naeaeaoaey, ii-
oa?iaaoaai eee yenia?oa, aeaaoeo caaaaeiii! eiaeiua ii-
eacaiey eee caeeth/aiea, iiaeao ‘auoue aicaoaeaeaii oieue-
ei .noaeii y eeoue iaeiia?aiaiii ‘n iinoaiiaeaieai i?e-
aiai?a. Aeaea aea i i?anooieaieyo /anoiiai iaaeiaiey
71
iiaeao aicaoaeeoue oieueei noaeuey, .a oaeaea ‘i?ieo?i? a neo-
/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo /. 3 no. 27 OIE.
Iiieii eeoe ;e i?aaiia, ia eioi?uo ‘aiceiaeaia iay-
caiiinoue iieiiai, ananoi?iiiaai y iauaeoeaiiai ennea-
aeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea, noauaeoaie aeieacuaaiey
a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna aunooiatho eeoea, iaii-
n?aaenoaaiii caeioa?aniaaiiua a ‘enoiaea aeaea (iiaeic?a-
aaaiue, iaaeiyaiue, iioa?iaaoee, a?aaeaeaineee enoaoe,
a?aaeaeaineee ioaao/ee), eo i?aaenoaaeoaee (a oii /enea
aaeaieaou, auiieiythuea iaycaiiinoe caueoieeia iaae-
iyaiuo eee i?aaenoaaeoaeae iioa?iaaoeo, a?aaeaeaineeo
enooeia e a?aaeaeaineeo ioaao/eeia), a oaeaea iauanoaai-
iua iaaeieoaee e iauanoaaiiua caueoieee. Iaeiaei yoe
o/anoieee noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ea yaeythony noauaeoaie
aeieacuaaiey a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, ii-
neieueeo iie iaaeaeythony i?aaii o/anoaiaaoue a ae’0’eacu-
aaieea a aieaa iicaeieo noaaeeyo.
2. Niae?aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiii aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u
e noaea, caeeth/athuothny a .’iiyneao e iaia?oaeaiee aei-
ea cy oae uenoa aaeeiie eioi?iaoeee, iieo/aiee ec yoeo en-
oi/ieeia naaaeaiee, eiathueo aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia-
/aiea, ,e a cae?aieaiee yoeo naaaeaiee .a onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiii ii?yaeea.
Iienee e iaia?oaeaiea iineoaeae eioi?iaoeee –
ia?aue yoai i?ioeanna niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa, ii.-
neieueeo ‘iieo/eoue iaiaoiaeeiua naaaeaiey .iaaiciiaeii, ia
iaia?oaeea eo enoi/ieeia. I?aaenoaaeyaony iaoaea/iui
iaeiaiiaaiea aeaiiiai yoaia niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa
aeao eaeoe eeoue ia iaia?oaeaiee enoi/ieea, iineoaey,
eiaaea, i?aaeiaoa, aeieoiaioa, .ianoa i?ienoanoaey
e o. i.
Neaaeothuei yoaiii niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa ya-
eyaony iieo/aiea naaaeaiee io ‘iaia?oaeaiiuo iineoaeae
eioi?iaoeee.
A yoeo oeaeyo eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeicia-
iea, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i? e noae ai?aaa aucaaoue eth-
aia eeoei aeey aeii?ina eee aeey aea/e caeeth/aiey a [ea/a-
noaa yenia?oa, o?aaiaaoue io o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee,
i?aaiecaoeee, aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe e a?aaeaeai i?aaenoaaea-
iey i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, iiaoueo onoaiiaeoue ea-
.72
iaoiaeeiua ii aeaeo oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, o?aaiaaoue i?i-
ecaiaenoaa ?aaecee (/. 1 no. 70 OIE).
Oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua a onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiii ii?yaeea, aeieaeiu auoue iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii
cae?aieaiu, caoeene?iaaiu. Aac niaethaeaiey i?ioeanno-
aeueiuo o?aaiaaiee cae?aieaiey yoeo aeaiiuo iie, eae
i?aaeei, oo?a/eaatho naia aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea.
Aeieacaoaeuenoai iiaeao n/eoaoueny iieo/aiiui,
yoiio i?aaenoaaeyaony iaaa?iui .auaeaeaiea cae?aieaiey
oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo |A naiinoiyoaeueiue yeaiaio aeieacue;-
aaiey ia?yaeo n niae?aieai, i?iaa?eie e ‘ioeaieie aei-
eacaoaeuenoa 30: cae?aieaiea iieo/aiiuo naaaeaiee – ia-
iouaieaiay /anoue ‘niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Aieueooth ?ieue a i?ioeanna niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa
ea?aao ‘iia?aoeaii-?icuneiay aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiia aei-
ciaiey. Ia ‘aoaeo/e ‘i?ioeannoaeueiuie, iia?aoeaiua ia-
?ii?eyoey niaeaenoaotho aeie acu aaii th, iiiiaay a iaia-
?oaeaiee enoi/ieeia iaiaoiaeeiie eioi?iaoeee, a ii?a-
aeaeaiee oa?aeoa?a e oaeoeee i?iaaaeaiey i?ioeannoaeue-
iuo aeaenoaee, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo yoa .eioi?iaoeey ii-
aeao auoue iieo/aia, a iino?iaiee aa?nee, ii?aaeaeaiee
iai?aaeaiey ?anneaaeiaaiey e o. ‘i.31 (I?e i?iaa?ea
cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo aeaiiua, iieo-
/aiiua iia?aoeaiui
iooai, iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny aeey
auyniaiey iaee/ey eee ‘ionoonoaey ‘niauoey i?anooiea-
iey, auyaeaiey eeoe, inaaaeiieaiiuo ‘ia yoii niauoee
eee ‘aai ioaeaeueiuo ianoiyoaeuenoaao, acaeiiioiioaiee
oao eee eiuo eeoe, iaia?oaeaiey oaeoia, aua ia ecaa-
noiuo eeoeo, i?iecaiaeyuaio i?iaa?eo, a oaeaea aeey i?y-
eyoiy i’a>? ii i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth ‘eee i?ana/aieth oa?anooi-
-eaiiy.
Ii aoeaaeueiiio niuneo iieiaeaiey, cae?aieaiiiai
a /. 4 no. 127 OIE, neaaeiaaoaeue ai?aaa aeaaaoue i?aaiai
aeiciaiey ii?o/aiey i i?iecaiaenoaa ?icuneiuo aeaeno&ee
oieueei a i?ioeanna ‘i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey. Iaeiaei
‘.iaiaoiaeeiinoue a i?iaaaeaiee oaeeo aeaenoaee aeiaieueii
/anoi aicieeaao oaea a oiaea i?iaa?ee .cayaeaiee (niia-
uaiee) i i?anooieaiee. Iiyoiio i?aaenoaaeyaony oeaea-
niia?aciui cae?aieoue a caeiia .i?aai neaaeiaaoaey ia
aea/o iaycaoaeueiuo oeacaiee i?aaiai aeiciaiey i i?i-
ecaiaenoaa iia?aoeaii-?icuneiuo ia?ii?eyoee a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea 32.
73
3. Aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaoo i?aaeeueii io?aaeaoue oae-
ou iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, a iiaoo e eneaaeaoue
eo, o. a. iie iiaoo auoue aeinoiaa?iuie e iaaeinoiaa?iu-
ie. Iiyoiio a /. 3 no. 70 OIE oeacuaaaony, /oi aia
nia?aiiua ii aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaeeaaeao ouaoaeue-
iie, ananoi?iiiae ‘e iauaeoeaiie i?iaa?ea ‘ni noi?iiu
eeoea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a
e noaea.
Eiia/iie oeaeueth i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa yaeyaony
onoaiiaeaiea aeinoiaa?iinoe eee iaaeinoiaa?iinoe oae-
oe/aneeo aeaiiuo.O Iaeiaei a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea i?iaa?ea aeinoiaa?iinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa
iinyo ianeieueei! ia?aie/aiiue oa?aeoa?, iineieueeo aeey
i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aein-
oaoi/ii i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiuo auaiaeia i iaee/ee a aea-
yiee, i eioi?ii .iinooieei cayaeaiea (niiauaiea),
i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey. E, Aeey onoaiiaeaiey aeinoiaa?-
innoe aeieacaoaeuenoa a noaaeee .aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea ionoonoaotho e iaaeeaaeauea oneiaey, oae eae e yoi-
io iiiaioo i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey oieueei ia/eiaaony,
nia?aiu aua aeaeaei ia (ana aeieacaoaeuenoaa e, /oi na-
iia aeaaiia, aeey eo niae?aiey iaeuecy eniieueciaaoue
iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiue niinia – i?iecaiaenoai neaae-
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee. Iiyoiio aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeinoaoi/ii onoaiiaeoue
niaeanoaiinoue, iai?ioeai?a/eainoue oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo.
*oi aea eanaaony ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea,
oi .ii a ?yaea neo/aa aeieaeai iniiauaaoueny ia ananoi-
?iiia i?iaa?aiiuo, aeinoiaa?iuo aeieacaoaeuenoaao.
.iAeey i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa eniieuecothony ?aciua
iaoiaeu. Iaeiei ec ieo yaeyaony aiaeec, enneaaeiaaiea
niaea?aeaiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo e eo enoi/ieeia ‘n oi/-
ee c?aiey .eo iieiiou, iai?ioeai?a/eainoe, eiae/aneie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe eceiaeaiey ‘naaaeaiee .e o. i. Yoi ii-
iiaaao auynieoue ana aiciiaeiua a aeaiiii neo/aa on-
eiaey, eioi?ua iiaee iiaeeyoue ia i?aaeeueiia io?a-
aeaiea oaeoia. Anee a ?acoeueoaoa aiaeeca aoaeao onoa-
iiaeaii’, /oi, eaeeo-eeai i?e/ei, niiniaiuo iiaeeyoue
ia aeinoiaa?iinoue oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, ia auei, eee aea
eo aeaenoaea auei iaeo?aeeciaaii ae?oaeie oaeoi?aie,
yoi aoaeao oeacuaaoue ia enoeiiinoue iieo/aiiuo naaaea-
iee.
74
Aianoa n oai a ?acoeueoaoa aiaeeca, enneaaeiaaiey’
ioaeaeueiiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa aeaeaei ia anaaaea i?aaenoaa-
eyaony aiciiaeiui onoaiiaeoue aai aeinoiaa?iinoue. Iiyoi-
io eeoei, inouanoaeythuaa aeie acu a aien, iiaeao i?eaaa-
iooue e ae?oaiio ‘niiniao i?iaa?ee – ‘niiinoaaeaieth’
eaaeaeiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa n ae?oaeie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie,
eiathueieny a aeaea. Yoi iicaieyao auyaeoue niaiaaeaiey,.
?acee/ey, i?ioeai?a/ey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, a oaeaea
auynieoue i?e/eiu .iaia?oaeaiiuo ‘i?ioeai?a/ee.
I?eiaiaiea yoeo iaoiaeia i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoaa
iiaeao iieacaoue, /oi eiathueony aeaiiuo eaaeinoaoi/ei
aeey oiai, /oiau i?eciaoue oi eee eiia aeieacaoaeuenoai
aeinoiaa?iui. ‘A yoeo ‘neo/ayo aicieeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue
a iouneaiee iiauo aeieacaoaeuenoa, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo ‘eee
ii?iaa?aathueo oaea eiathueany. I?iaa?yy aeieacaoaeue-‘
noaa, neaaeoao, oi aiciiaeiinoe, eniieueciaaoue ?aciua en-
oi/ieee naaaeaiee ia iaeieo e oao aea oaeoao (iieacaiey
naeaeaoaeae, ‘iioa?iaaoeo, iaaeiyaiuo, caeeth/aiey yen-
ia?oia, aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa), iineieueeo en-
eaaeaiea eioi?iaoeee a iaeiii enoi/ieea aiciiaeii, ii
a nenoaia enoi/ieeia oaeay ‘aa?iyoiinoue oiaiueoaaony
eee en/acaao nianai.
Aiaeec e enneaaeiaaiea niaea?aeaiey eaaeaeiai aeiea- ^
caoaeuenoaa,, niiinoaaeaiea aai n ae?oaeie eiathueieny
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie i?aaenoaaeytho niaie eiae/aneoth oi?-
io i?iaa?ee, a niae?aiea iiauo aeieacaoaeuenoa – yoi a
iniiaiii yiie?e/aneee .iooue i?iaa?ee. Anee eiae/an-
eay oi?ia i?iaa?ee iaeeiaeiaa aeey anao noaaeee oaieia-
iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, oi niiniau yiie?e/aneie i?i-
aa?ee ?acee/athony a caaeneiinoe io oiai,, ia eaeii
yoaia oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna iia i?iaiaeeony. Iai?eia?,
iniaaiiinoueth niae?aiey ,e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa a
noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea yaeyaony oi, /oi
iie ia iiaoo i?iecaiaeeoueny n iiiiuueth neaaenoaaiiuo
aeaenoaee (/. 2 no. 109 OIE).
^4. Iaeei ec niiniaia ‘iieo/aiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo
aeey ?ac?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca
c aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea – eno?aaiaaiea iaia-
oiaeeiuo iaoa?eaeia ,(/. 2 no. ‘109 OIE). A niioaaonoaey
n /. 1 ‘no. 70 OIE, eeoei, ‘i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, neaaei-
aaoaeue, i?ieo?i? e noae ai?aaa o?aaiaaoue io o/?aaeaea-
iee, ‘i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaiecaoeee, aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe e
a?aaeaeai i?aaenoaaeaiey i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, ii-
75
ooueo onoaiiaeoue (iaiaoiaeeiua ii aeaeo ianoiyoaeue-
noaa. A ?acoeueoaoa eco/aiey iaoa?eaeia, ii eioi?ui
auei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, auyiie-
einue, /oi aeiiieieoaeueiua aeieoiaiou en o?aaiaaeenue a
15,4% neo/aaa io iauaai eiee/anoaa enneaaeiaaiiuo ia-
oa?eaeia, a oii /enea oa?aeoa?enoeee – a 9,3%, ni?aa-
ei i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee noaeeiinoe – a 5,3%,
eiiee enoi?ee aieacie e .ni?aaee i oaeaniuo iia?aae-
aeaieyo – eaaeaeay a 0,3% neo/aaa, eiiee naeaeaoaeuenoaa
i ?iaeaeaiee e ni?aaee i o?oaeiniiniaiinoe – eaaeaeay a
0,1% neo/aaa33.
O?aaiaaiea i’ i?aaenoaaeaiee i?aaeiaoa eee aeieoiai-
oa aeieaeii auoue iaea/aii a ienueiaiioth oi?io. Yoi
iicaieyao ooi/ieoue, eaeie eiaiii i?aaeiao eee aeieo-
iaio eno?aaoaony, eaeea aeaiiua e ca eaeie ia?eiae ia-
iaoiaeeii’ i?aaenoaaeoue e o. i. E?iia oiai, (iaee/ea a
.aeaea ienueiaiiiai cai?ina iauyniyao ‘iooe iiyaeaiey
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, aac /aai iaaiciiaeii noaeeoue i aai aei-
ionoeiinoe.
(“A oiaea i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) i i?anooi-
.eaieyo eiiaaea aicieeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue a aeieoiaioao,
i?aaenoaaeaiea eioi?uo iaaiciiaeii aac i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iiai i?iaaaeaiey ?aaecee, aaaeiinoaaiiie i?iaa?ee eee
aaaeiinoaaiiie yenia?oecu. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo eeoei,
i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaeue, ‘i?ieo?i? e noae
iiaoo o?aaiaaoue i?iecaiaenoaa yoeo aeaenoaee.?
I i?aaa oeacaiiuo eeoe o?aaiaaoue i?iecaiaenoaa
?aaecee i?yii aiai?eony a /. 1 ‘no. 70 OIE. Iiyoiio
iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n iiaieai ioaeaeueiuo aaoi?ia, /oi
?aaecey ia yaeyaony niiniaii niae?aiey aeieaca-
oaeuenoa 34.
Aeaenoao thuaa oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia caeiiiaea-
oaeuenoai ia ?aaoee?oao iaiin?aaenoaaiiuo ioiioaiee
iaaeaeo neaaeiaaoaeai e ?aaeci?ii, ia ii?aaeaeyao niaea?-
aeaiea aeayoaeueiinoe ?aaeci?a, iaoiaeu e niiniau i?i-
ecaiaenoaa ?aaecee, ii?yaeie ninoaaeaiey aeoa ?aaecee
e o. i. A neo/aa i?iecaiaenoaa .?aaecee ‘ii ii?o/aieth
eeoea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a
‘eee noaea i?ioeannoaeueiui aeaenoaeai neaaeoao n/eoaoue
.eeoue aea/o niioaaonoaothuaai ii?o/aiey, naii ae.n i?i-
ecaiaenoai ?aaecee i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoueth ia
yaeyaony 35. Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaie-
“ai,’/o.i ?aaecey, i?iecaiaeeiay ii o?aaiaaieth noaeaaiuo e
neaaenoaaeiuo i?aa)A01A, iineo i?ioeannoaeueiue oa?aa..
oa? c6.
Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai’ ia i?a-
aeoniao?eaaao oaeeo niiniaia niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa,
eae iacia/aiea aaaeiinoaaiiie i?iaa?ee eey ‘aaaeii’
noaaiiie yenia?oecu. I aaaeiinoaaiiie i?iaa?ea aiai-
?eony a no. 23 Caeiia i I?ieo?aoo?a NNN? yo, a eioi-
?ie ia?a/eneythony iieiiii/ey i?ieo?i?a i?e ino-
uanoaeaiee iauaai iaaeci?a. Ii’, i?eieiay ai’ aieia-
iea, /oi iaeieie e oaie aea iaoiaeaie iiaoo inouano-
aeyoueny ?acee/iua ooieoeee, iiiaea aaoi?u n/eoatho
iacia/aiea aaaeiinoaaiiuo i?iaa?ie aiieia aeiionoeiui
niiniaii iieo/aiey eioi?iaoeee, iaiaoiaeeiie aeey ?a-
oaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ‘ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea38. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi a OIE
neaaeoao cae?aieoue i?aai eeoea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea,
neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a e noaea o?aaiaaoue i?iecaiaenoaa
aaaeiinoaaiiuo i?iaa?ie e yenia?oec.
Oa?aeoa? aaaeiino aaiiuo i?iaa?ie e yenia?oec aanue-
ia ?aciiia?acai. Iai?eia?, ii cayaeaieyi ‘(niiaua-
ieyi) i i?eieneao a no?ieoaeueiuo ‘i?aaiecaoeeyo ii-
aeao auoue iacia/aia i?iaa?ea aeey i?iaaaeaiey eiio?ieue-
iuo iaia?ia e auyniaiey i?e/ei caauoaiey iauaia
no?ieoaeueiuo ‘?aaio; aeey ?aoaiey aii?ina i aicaoaeaea-
iee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii oaeoo ‘auionea iaaeia?iea/ano-
aaiiie, ianoaiaea?oiie eee iaeiiieaeoiie i?iaeoeoeee
iiaeao iio?aaiaaoueny iacia/aiea aaaeiinoaaiiie yenia?-
oecu ea/anoaa yoie i?iaeoeoeee e o. i^
O?aaiaaiea i iacia/aiee ?aaecee, aaaeiinoaaiiie
i?iaa?ee eee aaaeiinoaaiiie yenia?oecu aeieaeii ioi?-
ieyoueny iinoaiiaeaieai, a eioi?ii neaaeoao oeacaoue
ianoiyoaeuenoaa, aucaaaoea iaiaoiaeeiinoue i?iaaaeaiey
yoeo aeaenoaee, aii?inu, eioi?ua aeieaeiu iieo/eoue in-
aauaiea a ?acoeueoaoa eo i?iaaaeaiey, ii?aaeaeeoue iauai
aeayoaeueiinoe, iiaeeaaeauae i?iaa?ea, e n?iee aa i?iec-
aiaenoaa. Oaeia iinoaiiaeaiea, a niioaaonoaee n /. 5
no. A27 OIE, iaycaoaeueii aeey i?aaei?eyoey, o/?aaeaea-
iey, i?aaiecaoeee eee aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea, eioi?ui iii
aae?aniaaii. Iineieueeo i?ioeannoaeueiue oa?aeoa? o?a-
aiaaiey i iacia/aiee ?aaecee ia caaeneo io oiai, eiaaea
nia iacia/aaony – aei eee iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea, i?1aaenoaaeythony iaoaaaeeoaeueiuie i?aaeeiaea-
eyy ioaeaeueiuo aaoi?ia i’ oii, /oi i?:e i?iecaiaenoaa
44.
I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi ?ac?aaioeie ?aeiiaiaeaoeee i
iaeaieaa ?aoeeiiaeueiuo ‘niiniaao i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee
|.’ ^.niiauaiee) i i?anooieaieyo ?acee/iuo .eaoaai?ee e
?;
79
oaeoe/aneeo i?eaiao ‘i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaa?i/iuo aeae-
noaee aeieaeia caieiaoueny e?eieiaeenoeea. Iaeuecy i?e-
ciaoue i?aaeeueiui iiaiea ioaeaeueiuo aaoi?ia, /oi ai-
i?inu, naycaiiua n ?anniio?aieai ia?ae/iuo iaoa?e-
ae I|A i i?anooieaieyo, ia aoiaeyo .a i?aaeiao e?eieiaeen-
oeee e, a /anoiinoe, iaoiaeeee ?anneaaeiaaiey ioaeaeue-
iuo aeaeia i?anooieaiee 45.
I?iaaaeaiiia iaie eco/aiea iaoa?eaeia, ii ‘eioi-
?ui ‘auei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee oaiei.aiiai aeaey, ii-
eacaei, /oi iauyniaiey iieo/aeenue i?e i?iaa?ea eaae-
aeiai cayaeaiey (niiauaiey), a oii /enea 22,5% iau-
yniaiee auei iieo/aii o cayaeoaey, 9,8% – O iino?a-
aeaaoaai (ia cayaeoaey), 26,2% – o i/aaeaeoeaa i?ien-
oaaeoaai, 20,6% – o eeoea, caiiaeic?aiiiai a niaa?oa-
iee i?anooieaiey, 20,8% – o eiuo eeoe. A oiaea eco-
/aiey oaieiaiuo aeae, ieii/aiiuo iinoaiiaeaieai i?e-
aiai?a., auei’ onoaiiaeaii, /oi iauyaiaoey iieo/aeenue
i?e ‘i?iaa?ea 47,5% cayaeaiee, iinooieaoeo a i?aaiu
aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea, a oii ‘/enea
14,1% iauyniaiee auei, iieo/aii’ o cayaeoaey,
3,1% – o iino?aaeaaoaai (ia cayaeoaey), 40,4% – o
i/aaeaeoeaa, 21,7% – o caiiaeic?aiiiai, 20,7% – o eiuo
46
eeoe
Iieo/eoue oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, ia iaoiaeeiua aeey
i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?aaiu aei-
ciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea iiaoo e ec en-
oi/ieeia, i?aaenoaaeaiiuo cayaeoaeai eee eiuie ee-
oeaie a ethaie noaaeee oaieiaiiai’ i?ioeanna. A noaaeee
‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeae.a iie .iiaoo auoue i?aaenoaa-
eaiu iaeiia?aiaiii ‘n .cayaeaieai (niiauaieai) i i?a-
nooieaiee eee a ia?eiae i?iaa?ee, i?aaeoanoaothuae ?a-
oaieth aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee: ‘eee ia ioeaca a ‘aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
A ?acoeueoaoa eco/aiey oaieiaiuo aeae, ieii/aiiuo
iinoaiiaeaieai i?eaiai?a, auynieeinue, /oi’ iaeiia?aiai-
ii .n cayaeaieai (niiauaieai) i i?anooieaieyo aeiiie-
yioaeueiua iaoa?eaeu ‘i?aaenoaaeyeenue a ‘11,7% neo/aaa
io iauaai eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo aeae, ;a oii /enea ia-
oa?eaeu ia oeeiiaiee io oieaou aeeiaioia – a 7,4%,
iaoa?eaeu i aei?iaeii-o?ain ii?oiuo i?ienoanoaeyo –
a 1,55%, eiiee enoi?ee aieacie – a 1,55%, aeou ?aae-
cee – a 0,77%, iaoa?eaeu aaaeiinoaaiiiai ?anneaaeiaa-
iey ian/anoiiai, neo/ay ia i?iecaiaenoaa – a 0,39%.
80
E cayaeaieyi (niiauaieyi), ‘ii ‘eioi?ui ‘auei ioeaca-
,ii a .aicaoaeaeaiee oaiei’aiiai’ aeaea, aeiiieieoaeueiua ia-
oa?eaeu i?eeaaaeenue a 30,5% neo/aaa, a oii /enea
iaoa?eaeu i aei?iaeii-o?ainii?oiuo i?ienoanoaeyo –
a 22,4%, aeou ai?iaeneie oaeaoiiiie naoe i
iia?aaeaea-
ieyo oaeaoiiia-aaoiiaoia – a 6,65%, eiiee enoi?ee
aieacie – a 0,9%, aeou aaaeiinoaaiiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey
ian/anoiiai neo/ay ia ‘i?iecaiaenoaa – a 0,5%.
A oeaeyo iaania/aiey aiciiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey
iieo/aiiuo i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia a ea/anoaa aeiea-
caoaeuenoa iaiaoiaeeii cae?aieoue .a caeiia ii?yaeie i?aae-
noaaeaiey yoeo iauaeoia, niaeanii’ eioi?iio eeoei, ia-
?aaeaaoaa iauaeo, aeieaeii auoue aeii?ioaii ia ianoi-
yoaeuenoaao ‘aai iaia?oaeaiey .(anee i?aaeiao eee aeieo-
iaio i?aaenoaaeai a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aea-
ea, o yoiai eeoea neaaeoao iieo/eoue iauyniaiea); ia?a-
aea/a iauaeoa aeieaeia ‘i?ienoiaeeoue a i?enoonoaee ii-
iyouo, i /ai aeieaeai ninoaaeyoueny i?ioieie47.
Anee i?aaeiao eee aeieoiaio iaia?oaeai ?aaioieeii
i?aaiia aeiciaiey ,i?e i?iecaiaenoaa iia?.aoeaii-?icune-
euo aeaenoaee, ii iiaeao auoue i?aaenoaaeai n ?aii?oii
yoiai eeoea 48, a eioi?ii aeieaeiu .auoue oeacaiu a?aiy,
ianoi’ e ianoiyoaeuenoaa iaia?oaeaiey i?aaenoaaeyaiiai
iauaeoa. A oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey eee ‘noaeaaiiai ?acae?a-
oaeuenoaa iia?aoeaiue ?aaioiee iiaeao ‘auoue aeii?ioai
a ea/anoaa ‘naeaeaoaey ‘ii ‘ianoiyoaeuenoaai, naycaiiui n
iaia?oaeaieai i?aaeiaoa eee aeieoiaioa.
.5. Eae oaea ioia/aeinue, iniiaiie iniaaiiinoueth i?i-
oeanna aeieacuaaiey .a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea yaeyaony cai?auaaeea i?iecaiaenoaa, neaaenoaaiiua
aeaenoaee a ‘oeaeyo’ niae?aiey e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Iaeiaei ec yoiai iieiaeaiey ‘anoue iaeii eneeth/aiea: a
neo/ayo, ia oa?iyueo ioeaaaoaeuenoaa, iniio? ianoa i?i-
enoanoaey .iiaeao auoue i?iaaaeai aei’ aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea ,(/. 2 no. 178 OIE).
Ec ‘aoeaaeueiiai niunea yoie ii?iu auoaeaao nea-
aeothuaa: i?iecaiaenoai ‘iniio?a ianoa i?ienoanoaey aei
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aeiiouaii ia iioiio, /oi
aac iaai iaaic iiaeii’ ?aoeoue aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee eee
ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ‘eae iiea-
aatho iaeioi?ua aaoi?u 49, a a nayce n oai, /oi ‘aai i?i-
ecaiaenoai, ‘n o/aoii eiie?aoiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, ‘ia oa?-
ieo ioeaaaoaeuenoaa. Ioeai/ii oaeaea ‘oieeiaaiea oea-
6. I. I. Eociaoeia u
oec. E?iia oioi1, eeoei., i?iecaiaeyuaa i?iaa?eo, iiaeao
ainiieueciaaoueny eiinoeueoaoeeae niioaaonoaothuaai nia-
oeeaeenoa aeey ?ac?aoaiey aicieeoeo o iaai aii?inia.
Iaeiaei a oeaeii ?yaea neo/aaa yoeo oi?i iiaeao
ieacaoueny iaaeinoaoi/ii aeey i?eiyoey i?aaeeueiiai ?a-
oaiey. Iiyoiio caneoaeeaaao iniaiai aieiaiey ?an-
ai io?aiea i?aaeeiaeaiee i oeaeaniia? aciinoe i?iecaiaenoa a
no aeaaii- iaaeeoeeineie yenia?oecu aei
aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea 53.
?Aeey i?eiyoey caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey
ii cayaeaieth (niiauaieth) ia iaia?oaeaiee o?oia n
i?eciaeaie ianeeuenoaaiiie nia?oe i?aaeaea anaai iaia-
oiaeeii ‘auynieoue, /oi iineoaeeei ‘i?e/eiie nia?oe, ii-
neieueeo aac yoiai iaaiciiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue, eiathony ee
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. A niioaao-
noaee n i. 1 no. 79 OIE, aeey onoaiiaeaiey ‘i?e/ei nia?-
oe iaycaoaeueii i?iecaiaenoai ‘yenia?oecu, eioi?ay ii-
aeao auoue iacia/aia oieueei iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
iiai aeaea. Iieo/aaony caieiooue e?oa: ia aicaoaeea
oaieiaiiai aeaea, iaeuecy iacia/eoue yenia?oeco, a aac
iieo/aiey caeeth/aiey yenia?oa ia i?aaenoaaeyaony aic-
iiaeiui i?eiyoue caeiiiia e (Iainiiaaiiia ?aoaiea i
aicaoaeaeaiee, oaieiaiiai aeaea,.-/
I Aiaeiae/iay neooaoeey aicieeaao e i?e iinooieaiee
cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) i’ iaianaiee oaeaniuo iia?aae-
aeaiee. Noaiaiue eo oyaeanoe iiaeii onoaiiaeoue oieueei ia
iniiaaiee caeeth/aiey yenia?oa (i. 1 no. 79 OIE), a
yenia?oeca iiaeao auoue iacia/aia oieueei iinea aicaoae-
aeaiey oaieiaiiai aeae.a. Ii aac iieo/aiey caeeth/aiey
yenia?oa iaaiciiaeii .ii?aaeaeeoue ii?yaeie aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai’ aeaea, iineieueeo ii ?acee/ai a caaeneiinoe
io oa?aeoa?a iia?aaeaeaiee.
A ea/anoaa auoiaea ec nicaeaaoaainy iieiaeaiey ia-
eioi?ua aaoi?u i?aaeeaaatho ‘i?eieiaoue ?aoaiea i’ aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ia ‘iniiaa aeaiiuo aaaeii-
noaaiiie 54 eee aeieaeiinoiie 55 yenia?oecu, eiio?ieueii-
ai (iaoaeiaiaiaoiie/aneiai) ane?uoey o?oia eee ni?aa-
ee ‘a?a/a i oyaeanoe oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee56, a caoai
iacia/aoue noaeaaii- iaaeeoeeineoth yenia?oeco aeey ii?a-
aeaeaiey i?e/ei nia?oe eee oyaeanoe oaeaniuo iia?aae-
aeaiee.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, oeacaiiua aeaenoaey iiaoo iiii/ue &
i?yeyoee ?aoaiey ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a aic-
84
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeae.a. Iaeiaei, i?aaeeaaaaiue ii-
?yaeie aaaeao e iaioaeiiio aeoaee?iaaieth, eioi?iai iiae-
ii ecaaaeaoue, ‘anee iacia/aoue noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineoth yen-
ia?oeco aei’ aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Anee aea a
oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey eee ‘noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aic-
ieeioo niiiaiey a i?aaeeueiinoe ia?aiai caeeth/aiey
‘yenia?oa eee iiyaeony iaia oiaeei inoue a auyniaiee ea-
eeo-eeai iiauo ianoiyoaeuenoa, aiciiaeii iacia/aiea ei-
iieieoaeueiie eee iiaoi?iie yenia?oecu. Ii. oaeia ii-
aoi?iia enneaaeiaaiea auei au oaea ia ‘i?aaeeii, a en-
eeth/aieai.
E?iia oiai, ‘aicaoaeea oaieiaiia aeaei, eeoei, i?iec-
aiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaeue e i?ieo?i? iieo/atho
i?aai ia oieueei ia iacia/aiea yenia?oecu, ii e ia
i?iecaiaenoai ae?oaeo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee (caaea?aea-,.
e.ee, iauneia, aeii?inia e o. i.), eioi?ua .nouanoaaiii
cao?aaeaatho i?aaa a?aaeaeai. I?e/ai oeacaiiua aeae-
noaey iiaoo i?iaiaeeoueny e a neo/aa, eiaaea iioa?iaa-
oee ‘ia i?ineo i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ii’ oaeoo
iaianaiey ‘aio eaaeeo oaeaniuo ‘iia?aaeaeaiee, aieaa oi-
ai, aic?aaeaao i?ioea yoiai’.
Neaaeoao ia?aoeoue .aieiaiea e ia aua iaeei iaaein-
oaoie yoiai, i?aaeeiaeaiey. Aeey i?eiyoey ?aotheey ia
ioeaca ‘a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea a nayce n ‘ionoo-
noaeai cayaeaiey iioa?iaaoaai i iaianaiee aio eaaeeo
oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee iaiaoiaeeii’ aeinoiaa?ii onoaii-
aeoue, /oi’ aio i?e/eiaiu eiaiii’ eaaeea oaeaniua ii-
a?aaeaeaiey, a ia eaeea-eeai ae?oaea. Ioaaoeoue aea i’a
aii?in i oyaeanoe oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee iiaeao oieueei
yenia?oeca, eioi?ay, anee .neaaeiaaoue oeacaiiie eii-
oeaioeee, iiaeao auoue .iacia/aia oieueei iinea aicaoaeaea-
iey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Ionthaea auoaeaao eiae/aneee au-
aiae ‘i iaaiciiaeiinoe a aeaiiii neo/aa ioeaca a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeae.a ‘a niioaaonoaee n i. 7 no. 5
oie.
,’Ia i?aeoeea iiiaea .neaaeiaaoaey, aeaeay ecaaaeaoue
-i?yiiai ia?ooaiey caeiia, ‘a oiaea i?iaa?ee iaee/ey
eee ionoonoaey iniiaaiey ,e ‘aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea ii cayaeaieth (‘niiauaieth) ia iaia?oaeaiee ‘o?o-
ia ioeoeeaeueii ia iacia/atho yenia?oeco, a iai?aaeytho
a yenia?oiua o/?aaeaeaiey iai?iiannoaeueiua ienueia, io-
iioaiey n i?inueaie ‘i?iecaanoe enneaaeiaaiea o?oia.
Oae, a ?acoeueoaoa ‘i?iaaaeaiiiai- yaii eco/aiey iaoa-
85
?eaeia i naiioaeenoaao enneaaeiaaiea o?oiia i?i.aiaey-
einue a 97,3% neo/aaa io iauaai eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo-
iao),eaei.a57.
1 A ‘oeaeyo i?iaa?ee cayaeaiee [(niiauaiee) i ‘iaia-
naiee oaeaniuo iiaa?aaeaeaiee i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaae-
noaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea iai?aaeytho iioa?iaaoaai
ia noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineia ‘inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea. Ii iaoei
aeaiiui, noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineia inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea ii-
oa?iaaoeo aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?iaiaeeeinue.
a ‘3% neo/aaa io iauaai .eiee/anoaa oaieiaiuo aeae e
iaoa?eaeia, ii eioi?ui auei ioeacaii’ a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai! aeaea.
Iieo/ea aeo noaeaaii!-iaaeeoeeia eiai enneaaeiaaiey
o?oia eee aeo noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineiai inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaa-
iey, eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa ‘i?iaa?eo, ia iniiaaiee niaea?-
aeaueony a ieo aeaiiuo ?aoaao aii?in i aicaoaeaeaiee
eee ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai, aeaea. I?e/ai
‘a neo/aa aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, anee naaaeaiey,.
niaea?aeaueany a ‘aeoa, aeinoaoi/ii iieiu, noaeaaii-iaaee-
‘oeiiieay ‘yenia?oeca aeey ii?aaeaeaiey i?e/ei nia?oe eee
oyaeanoe oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee iau/ii ia iacia/aaony’
(/oi i?ioeai?a/eo i. 1 no. 79 OIE) e ieii/aoaeueiua
auaiaeu ii aeaeo iniiauaathony ia aeaiiuo enneaaeiaaiee,
‘i?iaaaeaiiuo aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Ii iaaeeoeeineia enneaaeiaaiea o?oia, i?iaaaeaiiia
aac niaethaeaiey o?aaiaaiee caeiia, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo
iacia/aiea e i?iecaiaenoai yenia?oecu, aeiaieueii /anoi
auaaao iaiieiui, /oi iaoneiaeaii, ionoonoaeai ,a ni-
i?iaiaeeoaeueiuo ‘ienueiao e iai?aaeaieyo naaaeaiee ia
ianoiyoaeuenoaao aeaea, aii?inia, eioi?ua aeieaeiu auoue
?aoaiu a i?ioeanna enneaaeiaaiey, e o. i. I?aaenoaaey-
aony, ‘/oi oaeie iaiieiiou ‘enneaaeiaaiey ,e aicieeathuae
a, nayce n yoei iaiaoiaeeiinoe a aeiiieieoaeueiii ennea-
aeiaaiee iiaeii ecaaaeaoue, ‘anee iacia/aoue noaeaaii-iaaee-
eeoineoth yenia?oeco aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
no iiiyoey
cii, oeaeue noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineiai inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiey
i?aaenoaaeyaony iayniie.
Anee neaaeiaaoaeth iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue iaee/ea
eee ionoonoaea oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, eo ?aniieiaeaiea
e o. i., aeinoaoi/ii i?iaanoe, iau/iia inaeaeaoaeuenoai-
aaiea. Aaee aea o?aaoaony ‘ii?aaeaeeoue oa?aeoa?, oyaeanoue,
aeaaiinoue, iaoaieci .ia?aciaaiey oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee,
o. a. ioaaoeoue 1ia aii?inu, aeey ?ac?aoaiey eioi?uo o?a-
aothony niaoeeaeueiua iiciaiey, aeieaeia auoue iacia/aia
noaeaaii-i.aaeeoeeine.ay yenia?oeca. A iineieueeo noaeaaii-
iaaeeoeeineia inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea i?aaeiieaaaao iieo-
/aiea, iaiauaiea e enoieeiaaiea eioi?iaoeee ia iniiaa
niaoeeaeueiuo iiciaiee, neaaeoao i?eciaoue, /oi. iii yaey-
aony ?aciiaeaeiinoueth noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineie ‘yenia?oecu 59.
Oaeie auaiae auoaeaao e ec no. 181 OIE A?iyineie
NI?, a eioi?ie aiai?eony, /oi iinoaiiaeaiea i iacia-
/aiee noaeaaii-iaaeeoeyineiai inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiey auii-
neony ii i?aaeeai, ?aaoee?othuei i?iecaiaenoai’ yen-.
ia?oecu.
I?aaenoaaeyaony iaoaaaeeoaeueiui iiaiea, /oi noaeaa-
ii-iaaeeoeeineia inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea – ‘yoi naiinoi-
yoaeueiia aeaenoaea, caieiathuaa i?iiaaeooi/iia iiei-
aeaiea iaaeaeo iau/iui inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaieai .e noaeaa-
ii-iaaeeoeeineie yenia?oecie e ‘ioee/athuaany io iineaae-.
!iae oai, /oi niaoeeaeeno i?eiaiyao naie iiciaiey a
iaiueoai ‘iauaia, /ai i?e yenia?oeca 60. Iiyoiio a oao
‘neo/ayo, eiaaea aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee-
87
eee i’a ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea o?aaoaony
onoaiiaeoue oyaeanoue oaeaniuo iia?aaeaeaiee, neaaeoao tha-
cia/aoue ia noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineia inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea, a.
noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineoth yenia?oeco.
Ieacaiiia aeaao iniiaaiea ia niaeaneoueny n ooaa?-
aeaeaieai aaoi?ia, aunooiathueo i?ioea i?iaaaeaiey no-
aeaaii-iaaeeoeeineie yenia?oecu aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieia-
ei?a^yaea 61.
\ Eco/aiea’ ‘i?aeoeee ?anniio?aiey cayaeaiee (niia-
uaiee) i ‘i?anooieaieyo ‘iieacaei’, /oi eiiaaea aei aic-
. aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i?iaiaeyony e ae?oaea ceaeu
yenia?oec: aaoioaoie/aneay, ii/a?eiaaae/aneay, o?aniei-
ae/aneay, iiaea?ii^-oaoie/aneay, oiaa?iaaae/aneay. A th?e-
aee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a auneacuaaeinue .iiaiea i. iaiaoi-
aeeiinoe aeiionoeoue aei ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
i?iecaiaenoai iaeioi?uo aeaeia yenia?oec, a /anoiinoe,
aoaoioaoie/aneie 62. Yoa ‘oi/ea c?aiey i?aaenoaaeyaony ia-
oaaaeeoaeueiie, iineieueeo ?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee eee
ia ‘ioeaca ‘a ‘aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeii i?e-
iyoue e ‘aac eo i?iaaaeaiey. Iai?eia?, i?e ?anniio?aiee
iaoa?eaeia .i’ aei?iaeii-o?ainii?oiuo ‘i?ienoanoaeyo ia-
iaoiaeeiua naaaeaiey iiaoo auoue iieo/aiu ec iauynia-
iee, i?ioieieia iniio?a ianoa i?ienoanoaey e o?ain-
ii?oiuo n?aaenoa e ae?oaeo aeieoiaioia, ninoaaeyaiuo ?a-
aioieeaie AAE i?e o/anoee niioaaonoaothueo niaoee-
aeenoia.
‘AAieaoie eioa?an ‘i?aaenoaaeyao ?anniio?aiea aii-
?ina i [aiciiaeiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa aei aicaoaeaeaiey oai-
eiaiiai aeaea oaeiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey, eae caaea?-
aeaiea iiaeic?aaaaiiai.
Iniiaaiey e caaea?aeaieth iiaeic?aaaaiiai onoaiia-
eaiu a no. 32 Iniia (no. 122 OIE), ec niunea eioi?ie
auoaeaao: e iiiaioo caaea?aeaiey aeieaeiu eiaoueny naa-
aeaiey i oii, /oi niaa?oaii i?anooieaiea (i?e/ai ‘ia
ethaia i?anooieaiea, a oieueei oaeia, ca eioi?ia iiaeao
auoue iacia/aii iaeacaiea “a aeaea eeoaiey ‘naiaiaeu),
a oaeaea i oii, /oi a aai niaa?oaiee iiaeic?aaaaony ii-
?aaeaeaiiia eeoei’, o. a. oaea’ eiaaony iniiaaiea e aic-
aoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea. ‘Neaaeiaaoaeueii,
iaiaoiaeeiinoue caaea?aeaiey eiua, iiaeic?aaaaiiai a ni-
88
a??ethiee i?anooieaiey, neaaeoao nia/aea aicaoaeeoue oai-
eiaiia aeaei, a oaea iioii i?iecaiaeeoue caaea?aeaiea.
X oaeiio caeeth/aieth i?eaiaeeo e aiaeec iieiaeaiey,
.cae?aieaiiiai a /. !1 no. 1’19 OIE.
Iaeiaei iiiaea iieaaatho, /oi caaea?aeaiea iiaeic?a-
aaaiiai iiaeao auoue
i?iecaaaeaii e aei’ aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai aeaea64. Yoi ooaa?aeaeaiea iau/ii iioeae?o-
aony ‘n?i/iinoueth, iaioeiaei inoueth yoiai neaaenoaaiiiai
aeaenoaey, eiaaea iaiaoiaeeiinoue a caaea?aeaiee aicieea-
ao, iai?eia?, i?e iaiin?aaenoaaiiii iaia?oaeaiee oae-
oa i?anooieaiey e eeoea, ‘aai
niaa?oeaoaai.
Aeoiaaony, ioeaea noi?iiieeia oeacaiiie oi/ee
c?aiey caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi iie ia ?acee/atho .
Caaea?aeaoue eeoei’ ai a?aiy niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey
iiaeao ia oieueei ?aaioiee ieeeoeee, ii e ethaie a?aae-
aeaiei. Aianoa n oai i?iecaaaeaiiia eie caaea?aeaiea
ia .yaeyaony .caaea?aeaieai a ‘i?ioeannoaeueiii niunea yoi-
ai neiaa. A nayce n yoei ioaeaeaaony a ooi/iaiee oo-
aa?aeaeaiea, /oi caaea?aeaoue .eeoei, iiaeic?aaaaiia a ni-
aa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, iiaeao ethaie ?aaioiee ie-
eeoeee 65. Aeaenoaeoaeueii!, ethaie ?aaioiee ieeeoeee ii-
aeao ‘i?iecaanoe
y’i .i?aaii i?iecaiaenoaa i?ioeannoaeueiiai’ caaea?aeaiey
.caeii iaaeaeyao oieueei neaaeiaaoaey (/. 6 no. ‘127 OIE)
e i?aai aeiciaiey (/. 1 no. 122 OIE).
Oaeei ia?acii, aeaenoaey ii
aeaieth caiiaeic?aiiiai! e aeaenoaey ‘ii ‘aai i?ioeannoaeue-
iiio caaea?aeaieth eiatho ?acioth ‘i?e?iaeo. .
.caaea?aeaiea eeoea e ‘aai aeinoaaeaiea a i?aaiu, eiathuea
.i?aai aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei, ia yaeythony i?ioean-
noeueiuie aeaenoaeyie, a auoaeatho ec aaeieieno?aoeaiuo
ooieoeee i?aaiia ieeeoeee. Anee iinea niaa?oaiey yoeo
.aeaenoaee auynieony, ‘/oi ‘auei niaa?oaii i?anooieaiea,
neaaeoao aicaoaeeoue oaieiaiia aeaei e eeoue iioii, i?e
yaee/ee oneiaee, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 122 OIE, i?i-
.ecaiaeeoue i?ioeannoaeueiia caaea?aeaiea iiaeic?aaaaiiai.
Iiyoiio iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai, /oi ?ac-
a?aie/aiea aeaenoaee ii aeinoaaeaieth eeoea a i?aaiu,
.eiathuea i?aai aicaoaeaeaoue oaieiaiia aeaei’, *’ aai i?i-
oeannoaeueiiio caaea?aeaieth iineo yneothnoaaieue oa-
?aeoa?66.
89
A i. 2 no. 94 OIE ONN? aiai?yony, /oi niiaua-
iey i?aaenoaaeoaeae aeanoe, iauanoaaiiinoe eee ioaeaeue-
iuo a?aaeaeai i caaea?aeaiee iiaeic?aaaaiiai ia ianoa
niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey eee n ‘iiee/iui yaeyaony na-
iinoiy oae ueiu.i iiaiaeii e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai’ aeaea.
I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi a aeaiiii neo/aa ?a/ue eaeao ia i
i?ioeannoaeueiii, .a i’
iauaiee i oii, /oi aeaiiia eeoei auei’ canoeaiooi e.a
ianoa i?anooieaiey. Oaeia niiauaiea .neoaeeo eeoue in-
iiaaieai aeey i?ioeannoaeueiiai caaea?aeaiey. Iiyoiio
aucuaaao aic?aaeaiea ooaa?aeaeaiea iaeioi?uo aaoi?ia,
iieaaathueo, /oi iiaiaeii e [aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea yaeyaony caaea?aeaiea iiaeic?aaaaiiai a ii?yaeea
no. 122 OIE67.
Iineieueeo iu n/eoaai, /oi caaea?aeaiea iiaeic?aaa-
aiiai aeieaeii i?iecaiaeeoueny oieueei’ iinea aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai! aeaea, aucuaaao -aic?aaeaiea ooaa?aeaeaiea i
aiciiaeiinoe .i?iecaiaenoaa aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea oaeeo oanii naycaiiuo ‘n caaea?aeaieai aeaenoaee,
eae iniio? ianoa caaea?aeaiey, ee/iue iaune e inaeaea-
oaeuenoaiaaiea caaea?aeaiiiai68. Anee eeoei canoeaiooi
i?e niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey eee iaiin?aaenoaaiii iin-
ea aai niaa?oaiey, ianoi aai caaea?aeaiey niaiaaeaao n
ianoii i?ienoanoaey, iniio? eioi?iai iiaeao auoue i?i-
ecaaaeai e aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. *oi aea’ ea-
naaony ee/iiai .iaunea e inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiey caaea?-
aeaiiiai, oi yoe aeaenoaey iai?aaeaiu ia ia niae?aiea
naaaeaiee, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo iaee/ea .eee ionoonoaea i?a-
nooieaiey, a ia eciaee/aiea eiie?aoiiai eeoea a ni-
aa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, iiyoiio iie aeieaeiu i?iecai-
eeoueny iinea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, eiaaea oaea
?aoai aii?in i iaee/ee a aeayiee, i’ ‘eioi?ii iinooieei
cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey. Anee
aea eiathony iianaiey, /oi’ eeoei aei’ aai i?ioeannoaeueiiai
caaea?aeaiey ‘iiaeao oie/oiaeeoue neaaeu eee i?oaeey i?a-
nooieaiey, iai?eia?, aua?ineoue iiae, neoaeeaoee i?o-
aeeai oaeenoaa, ?aaioiee ieeeoeee, inouanoaeaoee
niio?o, eioi?ue ia yaeyaony i?ioeannoaeueiui aeaenoae-
ai 69, e .iaia?oaeaiiua ‘i?e yoii i?aaeiaou eee aeieoiai-
ou i?aaenoaaeoue eeoeo, aaaeouaio i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo,
a ‘niioaaonoaee n /. 2 no. 70 OIE.
90
Eco/aiea i?aeoeee iieacuaaao, iaeiaei, /oi a iaei-
oi?uo neo/ayo aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai1 aeaea i?iai-
aeyony ioaeaeueiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey. Ii, iaoei
aeaiiui, aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea a 0,16% ‘neo-
/aaa io ‘iauaai eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo oaieiaiuo aeae e,
iaoa?eaeia, ii eioi?ui auei ioeacaii, ‘a .aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea, i?iecaiaeeeinue caaea?aeaiea e aeii?in
iiaeic?aaaaiiai, .a oaeaea aeii?in naeaeaoaeae, a 0,24%-
ee/iue .iaune, a 0,32% – auaiea (i?e/ai yoi neaae-
noaaiiia aeaenoaea .ioi?ieyeinue ‘i?ioieieii ecuyoey eee
aeoii auaiee). Ii aeaiiui A. ?. Ieoaeeaiei, aei aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai’ aeaea iaunee e auaiee i?iaiaee-
eenue ii 2 % aeae, ‘aini?iecaaaeaiea ianoaiiaee e ianoi-
yoaeuenoa niauoey, inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea, aeaeoeeineiie-
/aneay yenia?oeca, iienue eiouanoaa, aeii?inu naeaeaoa-
eae – ii 1% aeae70. ‘A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a oaeaea
auneacuaaeinue iiaiea i iniaoiaee iinoe a ‘ioaeaeueiuo
neo/ayo ?ac?aoeoue aei aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
i?iecaiaenoai oaeeo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee, eae iiaeue
eiouanoaa71, aeii?in72, iauie73, aueaaiea 74.
I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi i?iecaiaenoai, yoeo neaaenoaai-
iuo aeaenoaee a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai! noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa ia aucuaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoueth, oae eae aii?in
i aicaoaeaeaiee (eee ‘ia ioeaca a ‘aicaoaeaeaiee, oaieia-
iiai aeaea iiaeao ‘auoue ?aoai’ e aac naaaeaiee, iieo/ai-
iuo n eo iiiiuueth. E?iia oiai, inouanoaeaiea yoeo
aeaenoaee naycaii n aoi?aeaieai a ee/ioth aeeciue a?aae-
aeai, n ia?aie/aieai eo i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania,
n i?eiaiaieai i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioaeaeaiey. .Ana yoi
aiciiaeii eeoue a oii neo/aa, anee aoaeoo onoaiiaeaiu
iniiaaiey e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea.
3. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa a noaaeee ^
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
1. Eiae/aneei i?iaeieaeaieai i?iaa?ee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa yaeyaony eo ioeaiea. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa i?aae-
noaaeyao niaie iuneeoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue eeoea, i?i-
ecaiaeyuaai’ aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo?i?a e noaeae,
?aaoee?oaioth a ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaeaeao ii?iaie oai-
eiaii-i?iuannoaeuiiai i?aaa. A /. 1 no. 17 Iniia (/. I
no. 71 OIE ?NON? e niioaaonoaothueo noaoueyo OIE
ae?oaeo ‘nithciuo ?anioaeee) cae?aieaii iniiaiia i?aai-
91
aia o?aaiaaiea, i?aaeuyaeyaiia caeiiii e ‘ioeaiea aeiea-
caoaeuenoa, eioi?ia caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi noae, i?ieo-
?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue e eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, aeie-
aeiu ioeaieaaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa ii naiaio aioo?^aeaio
oaaaeaeaieth, iniiaaiiiio ia ananoi?iiiai, iieiii e
iauaeoeaiii ?anniio?aiee 1anao ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea a
eo niaieoiiinoe, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue caeiiii e nioeeaeenoe-
‘/aieei i?aainiciaieai 75.
Yoi o?aaiaaiea yaeyaony iauei aeey anao noaaeee
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, -a oii /enea e aeey noa-
aeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Aianoa n oai ioeaiea
aeieacaoaeuenoa a eaaeaeie noaaeee eiaao naie iniaaiiin-
oe, eioi?ua iaoneiaeaiu caaea/aie noaaeee e niaoeeoeeie
inouanoaeaiey .a iae i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Aioo?aiiaa oaaaeaeaiea i?e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa
neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue ,a aeaoo aniaeoao: eae iaoiae
ioeaiee e eae aa ?acoeueoao76. Iaoiae ioeaiee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa ii aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth aaeei aeey anao noa-
aeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e oa?aeoa?ecoaony
neaaeothueie /a?oaie: 1. Ana noauaeou, ioeaieaathuea
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, aeieaeiu ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny oieueei nai-
ei aioo?aiiei oaaaeaeaieai; iie iaycaiu ee/ii ioeaieoue
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, a ia enoiaeeoue ec oie ioeaiee, eioi?oth
aeaee aeieacaoaeuenoaai ae?oaea eeoea. A. E. E.aiei oeacu-
aae, /oi
A. E. Eaiei n/eoae i/aiue aaaeiui ea/anoaii ?aaioie-
eia ainoaea?noaaiiiai aiia?aoa oi, /oi
iiai aeaea o?aaiaaiea caeiia i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?oeiaiae-
noaiaaoueny ee/iui oaaaeaeaieai icia/aao, -/oi i?aaiu
aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ia aeieaeiu
iniiauaaoue auaiae i iaee/ee a aeayiee, i eioi?ii ii-
nooieei cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), i?eciaeia ‘i?anooiea-
iey ia oie ioeaiea, eioi?oth yoiio aeayieth aeaao cayae-
oaeue; iie iaycaiu ee/ii ioeaieoue naaaeaiey,, niaea?aea-
ueany a cayaeaiee (.niiauaiee), a iaiaoiaeeiuo neo-
/ayo i?iecaanoe eo aeiiieieoaeueioth i?iaa?eo e i?e-
iyoue niioaaonoaothuaa ?aoaiea ia iniiaa neiaeeaoaainy
o ieo aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey. 2. Caeii ia onoaiaaee-
. Oae, yoe eeoea ia ai?aaa n/eoaoue niiauaiey i
i?anooieaieyo, iinooieaoea io o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?e-
yoee, i?aaiecaoeee, caneoaeeaathueie aieueoaai aeiaa?ey,
iaaeaee niiauaiey, iinooieaoea ‘io a?aaeaeai; iie ia aeie-
aeiu ioaeaaaoue i?aaeii/oaiea a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa
i?aaeiaoai e aeieoiaioai, .iieo/aiiui ii eo ‘eieoeeaoe-
aa, ii n?aaiaieth n iauaeoaie, i?aaenoaaeaiiuie cayae-
oaeai eee eiuie eeoeaie, e o. i. 3. Ioeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa ?acee/iuie o/anoieeaie i?ioeanna, a oii /en-
ea e auoanoiyueie aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie e i?aaiaie,
ia iaycaoaeueia aeey eo ‘iineaaeothuae ioeaiee eeoeii, i?i-
ecaiaeyuei aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaeai, .i?ieo?i?ii ee’e
noaeii. No. 29 Caeiia .i I?ieo?aoo?a NNN? onoaiaaee-
aaao, /oi i?ieo?i? ai?aaa aeaaaoue i?aaiai aeiciaiey e
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey oeacaiey a nayce n ?ac?a-
oaieai aii?ina i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ‘eioi-
?ua ‘yaeythony iaycaoaeueiuie aeey iineaaeieo. Anee nea-
aeiaaoaeue eee i?aai aeiciaiey ia .niaeaniu n yoeie oea-
caieyie, iie ai?aaa iaaeaeiaaoue eo auoanoiyuaio i?i-
eo?i?o, ia i?einoaiaaeeaay eo auiieiaiea.
*oi aea eanaaony aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey eae ?a-
coeueoaoa ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, oi iii caaeneo io oiai,
ia eaeie noaaeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yoa ioeai-
ea i?ienoiaeeo. Aeey i?eiyoey ethaiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai.
?aoaiey iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau eeoei, .i?iecaiaeyuaa aeicia-
iea, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i? e noae auee oaa?aiu a aai
i?aaeeueiinoe. Ii anee :a noaaeeyo i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa iaiaoiaeeia
oaaaeaeaiiinoue a aeinoiaa?iinoe auaiaeia, e eioi?ui oea-
caiiua eeoea i?eoee a ?acoeueoaoa aeieacuaaiiy, oi aeey
i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aein-
oaoi/ii iainiiaaiiiai ‘i?aaeiieiaeaiey i iaee/ee a aea-
yiee, i ‘eioi?ii iinooieei cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), i?e-
ciaeia i?anooieaiey 79.
Iaeiei ec oaeoi?ia, ieacuaathueo aeeyiea ia oi?-
– ie?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey noaeae, i?ieo?i?a,
neaaeiaaoaey e eeoea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea, neoaeeo
ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa a eo niaieoiiinoe. O?aaiaaiea
93
iniiauaaoue ‘auaiaeu ia ?acoeueoaoao .enneaaeiaaiey ii-
-aieoiiinoe oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo yaeyaony iaoiaeieiae-
/aneei i?eioeeiii iiciaiey. ‘A. E. Eaiei oeacuaae,
/oi
eacaoaeuenoa ‘a .niaieoiiinoe niiniaia i?eaanoe e auai-
aeai, i?aaeeueii io?aaeathuei iauaeoeaioth ?aaeueiinoue.
?aoaiea i ‘aicaoaeaeaiee eee i’a ioeaca a ‘aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea oaeaea aeieaeii auoue iniiaaii
ia niaieoiiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa. Noae, i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaa-
oaeue ‘e eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, aeieaeiu ioeaieoue
naaaeaiey, niaea?aeaueany a cayaeaieyo, ni?aaeao, iau-
yniaieyo e ae?oaeo ‘iaoa?eaeao, e ia iniiaa neiaeeaoa-
ainy o ieo aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey ‘i?eiyoue caeiiiia ‘e
iainiiaaiiia ?aoaiea.
Ae?oaei oaeoi?ii, ieacuaathuei aeeyiea ‘ia oi?ii,-
?i!a.ai,ea aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey, yaeythony i?aaeienaiey
.caeiia. Ii?iu i?aaa ?aaeaiaioe?otho oi?iaeueioth noi-
?iio ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, onoaiaaeeaay aa iauea i?a-
aeea e iniaaiiinoe i?eiaieoaeueii e ioaeaeueiui noa-
aeeyi oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Ia iniiaaiee oea-
caiee caeiia i i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ?aoaaony aii-
?in ‘ia ioiineiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa. Onoaiaaeeaay enoi/-
ieee e niiniau niae?aiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, caeii
ii?aaeaeyao e?eoa?ee eo aeiionoeiinoe. Oeacaiey caeiia
ia iniiaaieyo i?eiyoey oao eee eiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo
?aoaiee ea?atho ?aoathuoth ?ieue a ii?aaeaeaiee e?o-
aa aeieacaoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey onoaiiaeaiey yoeo
iniiaaiee.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue oaeaea, /oi aeey ioeaiee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa aaaeiia cia/aiea eiatho ‘ii?iu ia oieueei oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai, ;ii e oaieiaiiai ‘i?aaa. Ii?iu,
iiiauaiiua a Iniaaiiie /anoe OE, ‘eiie?aoece?otho .
i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ‘ii aeaeo; oaieiaiia i?aai ii?aaea-
eyao .i?eciaee ‘i?anooieaiey, eeoue i?e iaee/ee eioi?uo
iiaeao auoue aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia aeaei, e o. i.
A /. 1 no. 71 OIE aiai?eony aua ia iaeiii oaeoi?a,
aeeythuai ia oi?ie?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey, –
nioeeaeenoe/aneii .i?aainiciaiee eeoe, inouanoaeythueo
aeieacuaaiea.
eco/aaiuo yaeaiee e aeaoue ei aaeeinoaaiii i?aaeeueioth
ioeaieo. Io i?aainiciaiey eeoea, inouanoaeythuaai aei-
aeacuaaiya, caaeneo e oi, eae iii oieeoao .ii?iu i?a-
aa e ioaeaeueiua .i?aaiaua eaoaai?ee, oaeea, eae
oaai?ee, ianiiiaiii, aeeyao ia i?aaeeueiinoue auaiaeia,
e eioi?ui i?eoiaeeo eeoei, inouanoaeythuaa aeieacuaa-
iea, a ?acoeueoaoa ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa. Iiyoiio aeey
iaania/aiey iaaeeaaeauaai ‘i?eiaiaiey i?aaiauo ii?i
neaaeoao ia oieueei niaa?oainoaiaaoue caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai,
ii e ?acaeaaoue i?aainiciaiea eeoe, i?iecaiaeyueo aeicia-
iea, neaaeiaaoaeae, i?ieo?i?ia, noaeae, iiauoaoue o?i-
aaiue i?aaiaie eoeueoo?u .eeoe, i?eiaiythueo caeii.
2. Niaea?aeaieai iiaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa yaeyaony ii-
?aaeaeaiea eo ioiineiinoe, aeiionoeiinoe, aeinoiaa?iinoe
e aeinoaoi/iinoe, aeey i?eiyoey caeiiiiai e iainiiaai-
iiai ?aoaiey.
Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoaa n oi/ee c?aiey aai’ ioiine-
iinoi ninoieo a ii?aaeaeaiee ‘nayce aeieacaoaeuenoaa n
i?aaeiaoii aeieacuaaiey, .aai niiniaiinoe onoaiaaeeaaoue
ianoiyoaeuenoaa., eiathuea cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai
?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. A ‘noaaeee, aicaoaeaeaiey
oaieiaiiai! aeaea ioiineiuie aeieaeiu auoue i?eciaiu
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea .i iaee/ee eee io-
noonoaee a aeayiee, i eioi?ii iinooieei’ cayaeaiea (.ni-
iauaiea), .i?eciaeia i?anooieaiey, i iaee/ee eee io-
noonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo i?iecaiaenoai ii
aeaeo, a oaeaea oaeea aeieacaoaeuenoaa, eioi?ua iiaoo ni.i-
nianoaia.aoue onoaiiaeaieth ‘ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea iinea
aai aicaoaeaeaiey. .Iaeiaei a ia?aie ‘noaaeee oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa auaiae ia ‘ioiineiinoe aeaiiiai aeiea-
caoaeuenoaa ‘aanueia /anoi auaaao i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiui,
iineieueeo e .iiiaioo ‘aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea i’a-
no.iyoaeuenoaa i?ienoaaeoaai ecaanoiu eeoue a naiuo ia-
ueo /a?oao; a oiaea ae,a ?anneaaeiaaiey ‘iiaeao auoue on-
95
oaiiaeaii ionoonoaea .eaeie-eeai nayce iaaeaeo eiathue-
ieny aeaiiuie e i?aaeiaoii iieacuaaiey, ‘eee ae’a au-
ynieony, /oi yoa naycue oioy e nouanoaoao, ii iia ia
iaoneiaeaia i?anooieaieai. Iiyoiio i?e ii?aaeaeaiee
ioiineiiaT aeieacaoaeuenoa a oiaea i?iaa?ee cayaeaiey
(niiauaiey) .ioaeai aaeoi/eaue, ouaoaeueiue iiaeoiae.
Aeieacaoaeuenoai iiaeao auoue i?eciaii, aeiionoeiui,
anee oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, ninoaaeythuea aai niaea?aea-
iea, iieo/aiu ec ia?a/eneaiiuo a caeiia enoi/ieeia e
i?aaeoniio?aiiuie .caeiiii niiniaaie. Aeiionoeiinoue
aeieacaoaeuenoa a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea
a iaiueoae noaiaie naycaia n eo i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?-
iie, iaeiaei yoi ia cia/eo, /oi (A yoie noaaeee i?ioeanna
e?eoa?ee aeiionoeiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa ionoonoaotho ai-
iaua. Caeii ii?aaeaeyao enoi/ieee oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo,
eioi?ua iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu aeey ii?aaeaeaiey ia-
ee/ey eee ionoonoaey oneiaee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea. Naaaeaiey, iieo/aiiua ec
eiuo enoi/ieeia (aiiieiiuo cayaeaiee, iia?aoeaiuo
iaoa?e aeia e ae?oaeo niiauaiee, ia?aienoi/iee eioi?uo
auyaeoue iaaiciiaeii), ia iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny aeey
iainiiaaiey ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a
aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea.
Eaaeaeia aeieacaoaeuenoai aeieaeii auoue ioeaiaii n
oi/ee c?aiey ‘aai; aeinoiaa?iinoe, o. a. niioaaonoaey ii-
eo/aiiuo naaaeaiee ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. Onoaiia-
eaiea ‘yoiai niioaaonoaey yaeyaony oeaeueth e i?iaa?ee
aeieacaoaeuenoa, e eo ioeaiee, iineieueeo, eae ioia/aeinue
auoa, i?iaa?ea e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa iaioaeaeeiu
ae?oa io ae?oaa, a oiaea ‘i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa aieueooth
?ieue
ea?.atho ioeaii/iua noaeaeaiey.
Ecaanoioth neiaeiinoue i?aaenoaaeyao ii?aaeaeaiea
aeinoaoi/iinoe nia?aiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa aeey i?eiyoey
oiai eee eiiai, i?ioeannoaeueiiai ?aoaiey. Yoio aii?in
a aniaeoa i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey ?anniao?eaaeny a aea-
aa 1 1 .
Oaeei ia?acii, niaoeeoeea ioeaiee, aeieacaoaeuenoa
a ia?aie noaaeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa caeeth/a-
aony a oi.i, /oi ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, i?aaeoanoaothuay
i?eiyoeth ?aoaiey i’ aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ia
yaeyaony ieii/aoaeueiie; i?aaeeueiinoue naeaeaiiiai au-
aiaea i?iaa?yaony a iineaaeothueo noaaeeyo oaieiaiiai
i?ioeanna. *oi aea eanaaony ?aoaiey ia ioeaca a aic-
96
Noaeaeaiee oaien-aiiai aeaea, oi iii yaeyaony ieii/aoaeue-
iui, a aai iniiaa aeieaeiu eaaeaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, i?e-
ciaiiua ioiineiuie, aeiionoeiuie e aeinoiaa?iuie, e
eo niaieoiiinoue aeieaeia n ianiiiaiiinoueth naeaeaoaeue-
noaiaaoue ia ‘ionoonoaee a aeayiee i?eciaeia i?anooiea-
iey eee i iaee/ee eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo
i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo.
4. I?eiyoea ?aoaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee
eee ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea
A ?acoeueoaoa niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee e ioeaiee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u >
noaea aeieaeiu i?eeoe ‘e auaiaeo i iaee/ee eee ionoo-
noaee iiaiaeia e iniiaaiee e aicaoaeaeaieth oaieiaiiai
aeaea, a oaeaea ianoiyoaeuenoa, eneeth/athueo i?iecaiae-
noai ei1 aeaeo, e i?eiyoue niioaaonoaothuaa ?aoaiea.
A niioaaonoaee n /. 1 no. 109 OIE, ?aoaiea aeieaeii
auoue i?eiyoi a n?ie ia aieaa 3 nooie ni aeiy iieo/aiey
cayaeaiey eee .niiauaiey i, ‘i?anooieaiee, a a eneeth/e-
oaeueiuo neo/ayo – a n?ie ia .aieaa 10 nooie. Ia
i?aeoeea n?iee ?anniio?ai./! y .cayaeaiee (niiauaiee)
/a.noi ia?ooathony. Oae, ii iaoei aeaiiui, a n?ie aei
3 nooie auei’ ?anniio?aii 24,5% anao iinooieaoeo ca-
y.aeaiie (‘niiauaiee), a n?ne io 4 aei 10 nooie – 50,3%.
Oaeei ia?acii, eneeth/eoaeueiue aeanyoeaeiaaiue n?ie
aue ia?ooai a 25,2% neo/aaa, i?e/ai 5,9% cayAea.oe.
(niiauaiee) ?anniao?eaaeinue nauoa ianyoea.
?aoaiea i aicaoaeaeaiee eee ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, eae e ‘ana ?aoaiey a oaie-iaiii-
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aeieaeii niiiaueaaaouny ia eiathueony
aeaiiuo e ia .iiaeao ei i’?’iooai?a/eoue.
A niioaaonoaee n /. 1 no. 112 OIE, a iinoaiiaeaiee
i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aeieaeiu auoue oeacaiu,
a /anoiinoe, iiaiae e nniiaa.iia ‘e i?eiyoeth oaeiai ?a-.
uaiey. Ia i?aeoeea ‘yoi o?aaiaaiea caeiia /anoi ia?o-
7. I. I. Eociaoeia . -_^ .- . o7
oaaony. Ii. iaoei aeaiiui, e^aiae e aicaoaeaeaieth oai-
eiaiiai aeaea oeacuaaeny Aioue a 6,2% neo/aaa io ia-
uaai ‘eiee/anoaa ‘eco/aiiuo oaieiaiuo aeae. Ai’ ‘anao
iinoa iia eaieyo oeacuaaeenue ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iineoaeea-
oea ‘iniiaaieai aeey ‘auaiaea i oai, /oi a aeayiee, i ei-
oi?ii iinooieei cayaeaiea (niiauaiea), eiathony i?e-
ciaee i?anooieaiey, iaeiaei aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ia in-
iiaa eioi?uo yoe ianonnooaeueioaa auee i?eciaiu onoa-
iiaeaiiuie, i?eaiaeeeenue eeoue a 4,3% neo/aaa.
Ia ioeaca a .aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai! aeaea i?aay
aeiciaiey, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i? e noaeuey aeieaeiu au-
ianoe iioeae?iaaiiia iinoaiiaeaiea (/. 3 no. 113 O IE).
I?iaaaeaiiia iaie eco/aiea caeiiiinoe’ y iainiiaai-
iinoe ?aoaiee i’a ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aea-
ea iieacaei., /oi ai anao oiaoa.iiaeniiyo i?eaiaeyony
oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, iieiaeiiiua a iniiao yoeo ?aoa-
iee, iaeiaei ia ana iie iiaoo auoue i?eciaiu i?aaeeue-
iuie.
Eae oaea ioia/ae.inue, ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoae-
aeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao auoue auianaii eeoue
oiaaea, eiaaea e iiiaioo ‘aai i?eiyoey eiaaony oaeay
niaieoiiinoue aeieacaoaeuenoa, eioi?ay iicaieyao naeaeaoue
aeinoiaa?iue auaiae n’a ionoonoaee iainaayee e aicaoae-
aeaieth oaieiaiiai aeaea eee iaee/ee naiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa,
i?aiyonoaothueo i?iecaiaenoao ii aeaeo. Ii iaoei aeai-
iui, a 1,2% neo/aaa io iauaai eiee/anoaa eco/aiiuo
iaoa?eaeia, ii eioi?ui auei ioeacaii a aicaoaeaeaiee
oaieiaiiai aeaea, oaeie niaieoiiinoe aeie a ca oae uen oa oa
eiaeinue: a 11 neo/ayo ia auee iieo/aiu iauyiiaiey o
inaaaeiieaiiuo eeoe, ia eno?aaiaaeenue iaiaoiaeeiua ‘ia-
oa?eaeu; a iaeiii .neo/aa ia auea i?iaaaeaia ?aaecey.
A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a ioia/aeinue, /oi ‘iaeia ec
i?e/aae/ i?;:,;-eyo1ey iacaeiiiuo ?aoaiee ia ioeaca a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea – i?aoiaiueoaiea noain^.’;!
iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe aeayiey: i?anooieaiey eiiaaea
?anniao?eaathony eae iaeicia/eoaeueiua aeayiey, ia ya-
eythueany i?anooiiuie, eeai eae aaeieieno?aoeaiua
eee aeenoeeieeia?iua i?inooiee; i?anooieaiey, i?anea-
aeoaiua .a ii?yaeea ioaee/iiai iaaeiaiey, ioianao .e aea-
eai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey e o. i.83 Oaeea aea ioeaee
auyaeaiu e iaie. Oae, i?e eco/aiee oaieiaiuo aeae,
ieii/aiiuo iinoaii^aeaieai i?eaiai?a, auynieeinue, ./oi
ii aeaoi ec ieo (0,8% io iauaai eiee/anoaa ‘ecooaeioo
93
Aeae) ia?aiia/aeueii i?eeeiaeynue ?aoaiea ia ioeaca
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea aaeaeo iaeicia/eoaeue-
iinoe niaa?oaiiiai aeayiey. Yoi ?aoaiea ‘auei ioiaia-
ii [I?ieo?i?ii a ii?yaeea iaaeci?a n iai?aaeaieai ia-
oa?eaeia aeey i?iecaiaenoaa aeiiieieoaeueiie i?iaa?ee,
ii ?acoeueoaoai eioi?ie auei aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia
aeaei.
‘A 13,3% neo/aaa ‘io ‘eiee/anoaa iaoa?eaeia, ii ei-
oi?ui auei ioeacaoi a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea
aaeaeo iaeicia/eoaeueiinoe niaa?oaiiiai aeayiey, noa-
iaiue iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe oaeaea auei ioeaiaia ia-
aa?ii. ‘I?e aoii auynieeinue, /oi -iacaeiiiua ioeacu
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, aaeaeo iaeicea/eoaeue-
iiaoe aeayiey, eae e?aaiei, eiaee ianoi a oao neo/ayo,’
eiaaea a cayaeaiee (niiauaiee) eee ‘a i?iaa?i/iuo ia-
oa?eaeao
ionoonoaiaaee naaaeaiey i eeoea, niaa?oeaoai
i?anooieaiea. Oa,e,
ii .eiieaaeiaaeiu.i iaie iaoa?e-
aeai a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auei ioeacaii
ii oaeoai e?aaee ia n?aaieoaeueii e?oiiua .noiiu –
io 46 aei’ ‘300 ?oa. A oi aea a?aiy, anee. eiaeenue aeaiiua
i eeoea, niaa?oeaoai i?anooieaiea, i?eie iaeinue ?aoa-
iea ‘i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae i aeayieyo, eioi?uie
aue i?e/eiai iaiaa nouanoaaiiue oua?a, iai?eia?, i
e?aaea aeaiaa a ‘noiia io 5 aei 20 ?oa. I?aaenoaaeyaony,
iiyoiio, /oi ioeac ‘a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiuo aeae a oea-
caiiuo neo/ayo a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue iaoneiaeai ionoo-
noaeai ia?niaeoea ?ane?uoey aeaiiuo i?anooieaiee.
Ii yoei aea ‘iioeaai, eae oai eaaeaony, i?eieia-
thony ?aoaiey ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaneia.iiai aea-
ea ii iniiaaieyi, oa oeacaiiui a caeiia. Oae, iai?e-
ia?, ii cayaeaieth i .’e?aaea ianoeiaie oaiee noieiin-
oueth 56 ?oa. a .aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auei io-
eacaii aaeaeo oiai, /oi ‘iioa?iaaoay .i?ineea i?ae?a-
oeoue ?icune iioeuaiiiai. Ii cayaeaieth i e?aaea noiee
n aauaie ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeniaae oaieiaiiai
aeaea ‘auei iioeae?iaaii oai, /oi iioa? iaaoay inoaaeea
aa aac i?eniio?a. A ea/anoaa iniiaaiey e ioeaco a aic-
aoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea ‘i e?aaea ec noiee 65 ?oa. e
eeth/ae io naeoa auei oeacaii, /oi iioa?iaaoay i?a-
oaicee e ?aaioieeai ieeeoeee ia eiaao. Ioeac a aic-
aoaeaeaiee aeaea ii cayaeaieth i ae?aaea 103 ?oa. aue
iioeae?iaai nnueeie ia oi, -/oi yoe aeaiueae iioa?iaaoay
iiaea iioa?youe. ___,
7* .99
Aieueooth ?ieue a iaen’i.a/a:A1Ei caeiiiinoe -a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai ae&ea e?ecaay ea?aoue.i?ieo?i?-
neee .iaaeci? 84. A no. 28 Caeiia i I?ieo?aoo?a NNN?
a ea/anoaa caaea/e iaaeci?a ca eiiieoaieai caeiiia a
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia aeiciaiey e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey oeacaii’ iaania/aiea niaethaeaiey onoaiiaeai-
iiai ii?yaeea aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiuo aeae. A yoeo oea-
eyo i?ieo?i? iaycai ia ?aaea iaeiiai ?aca a ianyoe
i?iaa?youe eniieiaiia o?aaiaaiee caeiia, i i?eaia, ?a-
aeno?aoeee e ?ac?aoaiee cayaeaiee i niaa?oaiiuo eaey
aioiayueony i?anooieaieyo (no. 29 Caeiia).
Nouanoaaiiie aa?aioeae i?eiyoey caeiiiiai y
iainiiaaiiiai ?aoaiey ia ioeaca c aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea neoaeeo oaeaea onoaiiaeaiiia a ‘/. 3 no. 113
OIE iieiaeaiea, i?aaeienuaathuaa oaaaeiieyoue ia yoii
?aoaiee eeoei, o/?aaeaeaiea, i?aaei?eyoea eee iauano-
aaiioth i?aaiecaoeeth, io eioi?uo iinooieei! cayaeaiea
eee niiauaiea, n ?acuyniaeeiai i?aaa ia .aai iaaeaeiaa-
iea. A. E. Eaiei oeacuaae, /oi iaaei
ioeai/iuo ?aoaiee ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieia-
iiai aeaea. Ia yoii naeaeaoaeuenoaoao, a /anoiinoe, oio
oaeo, /oi aei 33% (a a eoeiaai?uo ?anioaeeeao aei 50%)
anao aeaeia, i?eianaiiuo ia iinoaiiaeaiey neaaeiaaoa-
eae e i?aaiia aeiciaiey ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, oaeiaeaoai?yaony i?ieo?i? a o e 86.
Iaaeaeo oai, ii aeaiiui TH. Iaiaaaa, iaaeaeoaony
eeoue 3% yoeo iinoaiiaeaiee; a ecaanoiie ia?a yoi
iauyniyaony oai, /oi oieueei a 67,33% neo/aaa cayae-
oaeth niiauaeinue ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oeitha-
iiai aeaea e eeoue 13,6% cayaeoaeae ?acuyniyeinue i?a-
ai ia iaaeaeiaaiea i?eiyouo iinoaiiaeaiee87. A oiaea
i?iaaaeaiiiai iaie eco/aiey caeiiiinoe ?aoaiee ia
ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auynieeinue, /oi
Oaeoe/anee i i?eiyoii ?aoaiee ecaauaeinue 59,0% ca-
yaeoaeae ii iaoa?eaeai, ii eioi?ui auei ioeacaii
a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea. a ii iaoa?eaeai i
naiioaeenoaao – eeoue 10,6%. I?e/ai, anee ii iaoa-
?eaeai i naiioaeenoaao i ii?yaeea iaaeaeiaaiey ?aoa-
iey ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea auee
oaaaeiieaiu ana cayaeoaee, ecaauaiiua i i?eiyoii ?a-
100 … -…
oaiee, oi ii aoi?ie a?oiia iaoa?eaeia – eeoue 27,4%.
A ?acoeueoaoa ie iaeii iinoaiiaeaiea ia auei iaaeaei-
aaii.
A nayce n yoei caneoaeeaaao iiaeaea?aeee i?aaeeiaea-
iea i oii, /oiau cayaeoaeue ia oieueei oaaaeiieyeny ia
ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii e /oiau aio
iai?aaeyeanue eiiey niioaaonoaothuaai iinoaiiaeaiey 88.
Oeaeaniia?acei, e?iia oiai, i?aaeinoaaeoue cayaeoaeth
i?aai ciaeiieoueny n iaoa?eaeaie i?iaa?ee naeaeaiiiai
ei cayaeaiey (niiauaiey) e oiaeaoaenoaiaaoue i aa aei-
iieiaiee 89.
A niioaaonoaee n /. 3 no. 112 O IE, eiiey iinoa-
iiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, auianaiiiai
neaaeiaaoaeai eee i?aaiii aeiciaiey, iaiaaeeaiii ia-
i?aaeyaony i?ieo?i?o. *oi aea eanaaony iinoaiiaeaiey
ia ioeaca ‘a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, oi caeii
oaeiai o?aaiaaiey ia niaea?aeeo. Iaaeaeo oai i?ieo?i?
aeieaeai inouanoaeyoue iaaeci? ia oieueei ca caeiiiinoueth
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, .ii e ca caeiiiinoueth io-
eaca a yoii. Iiyoiio caneoaeeaaao iiaeaea?aeee i?aaeei-
aeaiea i iaiaoiaeeiinoe aeiiieieoue /. 3 no. 113 OIE
oeacaieai ia iaycaiiinoue neaaeiaaoaey e i?aaia aeicia-
iey iai?aaeyoue i?ieo?i?o eiieth auianaiiiai eie ii-
noaiiaeaiey
ia ioeaca a .aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aea-
ea 90. I?aaenoaaeyaony, ‘/oi yoe aeiiieiaiey aoaeoo niinia-
noaiaaoue i?eiyoeth caeiiiuo e iainiiaaiiuo ?aoaiee
a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea.
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