.

Горский Г.Ф., Кокорев Л.Д., Элькинд П.С. 1978 – Проблемы доказательств в советском уголовном процессе (главы, касающиеся вопроса доказывания) (книга)

Язык: русский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
0 5990
Скачать документ

Ai?neee A.O., Eiei?aa E.Ae., Yeueeeiae I.N. 1978 – I?iaeaiu aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna (aeaau, eanathueany aii?ina aeieacuaaiey)

AEAAA II

OeAEUe, I?AAeIAO E I?AAeAEU AeIEACUAAIEss

1. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu – oeaeue aeieacuaaiey

A oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, eae a ethaie ae?oaie noa?a iauano-
aaiiie aeecie, aeaenoaotho ethaee, no?aiyueany e ii?aaeaeaiiui
oeaeyi, iineieueeo e caeanue 1. I?aaeeueiia ii?aaea-
eaiea e ii?iaoeaiia cae?aieaiea oaeeo oeaeae i?aaeii?aaeaey-
ao: a) oyniaiea oeaeaiai?aaeaiiinoe oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iie aeayoaeueiinoe, (eae e niioaaonoaothueo i?aaiioiioaiee;

a) niaeaenoaea iioeiaeueiie yooaeoeaiinoe oaeie aeayoaeueii-
noe (i?aaiioiioaiee), iineieueeo (i?e anae nii?iinoe iiiy-
oey yooaeoeaiinoe i?aaa e i?aaii?eiaieoaeueiie aeayoaeueii-
noe) aannii?iui e?eoa?eai eo yooaeoeaiinoe yaeyaony ?a-
aeueiia aeinoeaeaiea aeaeaaiuo ?acoeueoaoia; a) ?aoeoaeueiia
ii?iaa?aeaiea i?eiaieoaeueii e aeaiiie noa?a iauanoaaiiie
aeecie iaeeaaaeeenoneie eiioeaioeee – , eai yooaeoeaiinoue niioaaonoaothuae aeayoaeueiinoe
(i?aaiioiioaiee) i?aaeiieaoaao aeinoeaeaiea aeaeaaiuo ?a-
coeueoaoia ia ethauie n?aaenoaaie, a oieueei niioaaonoaothue-
ie oa?aeoa?o aeaeaaiuo oeaeae. 2.

Oeaee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, cae?aieaiiua no. 2 Iniia oai-
eiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa (no. 2 OIE), ninoiyo a auno?ii e
iieiii ?ane?uoee i?anooieaiee, eciaee/aiee aeiiaiuo e
iaania/aiee i?aaeeueiiai i?eiaiaiey caeiia n oai, /oiau
eaaeaeue niaa?oeaoee i?anooieaiea aue iiaeaa?aioo ni?a-
aaaeeeaiio iaeacaieth e ie iaeei iaaeiiaiue ia aue i?eaea-
/ai e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe e inoaeaeai.

1 Ia?en E. e Yiaaeuen O. Ni/., o. 21, n. 306.

2 E i y e A. O. Nia?. ni/. a 8-ie o., o. 4, 1967, n. 66.

5O
i

Oaieiaiia noaeii?iecaiaenoai aeieaeii niinianoaiaaoue oe-
?aieaieth nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe, i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth e
enei?aiaieth i?anooieaiee, ainieoaieth a?aaeaeai a aeooa ia-
oeeiiiiai eniieiaiey niaaoneeo caeiiia e oaaaeaiey i?aaee
nioeeaeenoe/aneiai iauaaeeoey.

Ian ia aeieaeii niouaoue oi ianoiyoaeuenoai, /oi niaea?aea-
iea oeaeae oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa caeiiiaeaoaeue aeea-
aeuaaao a ‘iiiyoea caaea/, oineieueeo ithainu iiiyoee e eaaeao ia a ?acee/ee eo niaea?aeaiey, a &
aiciiaeiinoe ?aciianiaeoiiai eniieueciaaiey. Eaoaai?ey
– oeeinioneay; eaoaai?ey eiaao aieaa i?ae-
oe/aneia, aeeoaeneia oiio?aaeaiea. Iiyoiio, eiaaea aeaiiay
eaoaai?ey iiaeaa?aaaony enneaaeiaaieth a aa oeeinioneii au-
?aaeaiee – aioo?aiiai (eae iuneeoaeueiia io?aaeaiea ii-
o?aaiinoae a ia?ac?uaiii aaeeinoaa ni no?aieaieyie, eioa?a-
naie /aeiaaea) e aiaoiai (.eae ‘noauaeoeaiia io?aaeaiea iau-
aeoeaii, ?aaeueii nouanoaothueo aiciiaeiinoae aeaenoaeoaeue-
iinoe, aiaoiaai “ie?a), noauaeoeaiii (iineieueeo oeaee oi?-
ioee?othony ethaeueie) e iauaeoeaiii (iineieueeo iie ii?aaea-
eythony a eiia/iii n/aoa iaoa?eaeueiuie oneiaeyie aeecie
iauanoaa), neaaeoao eniieueciaaoue iiiyoea” . A oao aea
neo/ayo, eiaaea ?a/ue eaeao i au?aaeaiee niaea?aeaiey yoie ea-
oaai?ee a ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaeeao iiaaaeaiey, a ii?iaoeaiuo
aeoao, a iai?aaeaiiinoe eiie?aoiie i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeue-
iinoe, aieaa oeaeaniia?acii iieueciaaoueny iiiyoeai ;.
eae yoi e aeaeaao caeiiiaeaoaeue a no. 2 Iniia (no. 2 OIE).

Aiaeec oeaeae (caaea/), cae?aieaiiuo no. 2 Iniia (no. 2′
OIE), aeaao iniiaaiea ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi, ninoaaeyy oeaeue aeiea-
auaaiey, onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu aoiaeeo aea iieiaeaiee iaeiiai-
ec eiiiiiaioia a iauea oeaee niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioean-
na. Yoi iaoiaeeo naia iiaeoaa?aeaeaiea a ii?iaoeaiii o?aaiaa-
iee iieiiai ?ane?uoey i?anooieaiee, eciaee/aiey e iaea-
caiey oieueei aeiiaiuo, ono?aiaiey i?eaea/aiey a ea/anoaa
iaaeiyaiuo e inoaeaeaiey iaaeiiaiuo.

Oaeay eiino?oeoeey i?aaenoaaeyaony iauaeoeaii ii?aaaeai-
iie iioiio, /oi aeieacuaaiea a ea/anoaa oeaio?aeueiiai, noa?-
aeiaaiai eiiiiiaioa oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe
ia?acoao iaiaoiaeeiia naienoai anaai oaieiaiiai noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa. Iiyoiio e oeaeue aeieacuaaiey ia?acoao ninoaaioth
/anoue iaueo oeaeae oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna3.

3 Ia onoaiiaeaiee enoeiu eae niaoeeoe/aneie oeaee aeieacuaaiey, ia-
oiaeyuaeny ai acaeiinayce n caaea/aie oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ii’
ia aoiaeyuae ,a niaea?aeaiea yoeo caaea/, ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a ni-

58

*oi aea oaeia iauaeoeaiay enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa?

Eae e anyeay enoeia, iauaeoeaiay enoeia a aeaiiie noa-
?a iauanoaaiiie aeecie anoue aunoay oi?ia noauaeoeaiiai
io?aaeaiey iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, anoue iieiia e oi/-
iia niioaaonoaea noauaeoeaiuo noaeaeaiee enneaaeoaiui oae-
oai e ianoiyoaeuenoaai. Oai ia iaiaa, enoeia a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eiaao ii?aaeaeaiioth niaoeeoeeo, eioi?ay, ia
i?aa?auay aa a eaeie-oi iniaue aeae enoeiu, ioee/aao enoe-
io, onoaiaaeeaaaioth a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, io en-
oeiu a ethaie eiie noa?a iauanoaaiiie aeecie. A /enea oa-
eeo iniaaiiinoae neaaeoao oeacaoue ia i?aaeiao iiciaiey, o. a.
niaoeeoe/aneee e?oa oaeoia, ioiinyueony e niauoeth, ninoa-
ao i?anooieaiey, e eeoeai, niaa?oeaoei i?anooieaiea, e
ae?oaei ianoiyoaeuenoaai, iiaeeaaeauei onoaiiaeaieth ii oai-
eiaiiio aeaeo; ia n?aaenoaa e niiniau onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu;

ia i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey (iauai aeieacaoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo
aeey onoaiiaeaiey niioaaonoaothueo ianoiyoaeuenoa, e nenoaia
neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee, o?aaoaiuo aeey iieo/a-
iey oaeeo aeieacaoaeuenoa).

O/ao niaoeeoe/aneeo iniaaiiinoae enoeiu e aa noaiiaea-
iey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eae e no?aieaiea iiea-
caoue aa i?eioeeieaeueiia, ea/anoaaiiia ioee/ea io oae iacuaaa-
iie oi?iaeueiie enoeiu a ao?aeoaciii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna4,
i?aaeii?aaeaeeee iinoaiiaeo a eeoa?aoo?a aii?ina i iaeia-
iiaaiee oaeie enoeiu iaoa?eaeueiie5. Iaeiaei nooue aii?ina
ia a oa?ieiieiaee, a a niaea?aeaiee, eioi?ia a niioaaonoao-
thuee oa?iei aeeaaeuaaaony. Iiiyoea aea oiio?aaeyaony ii nouanoao a niunea enoeiu iauaeoea-
iie n o/aoii aa niaoeeoeee a noa?a niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e i?eioeeieaeueiiai ioee/ey io oi?iaeue-

aaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1973, n. 116; Aieoineee N. A. Ai-
i?inu aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiiai oa?aaa a Iniiaao oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaeno-
aa e noaeiono?ienoaa a iiaii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN?. I., 1959,
n 122.

4 Iiae oi?iaeueiie enoeiie ‘a ao?aeoaciii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna nea-
aeoao iiieiaoue niioaaonoaea auaiaeia neaaenoaey e noaea ia iauaeoeaiui
ianoiyoaeuenoaai oaieiaiiai aeaea, a ii?aaeaeaiiui, ca?aiaa onoaiiaeai-
iui oi?iaeueiui oneiaeyi, iacaaeneii io oiai, niioaaonoaotho ee yoe
auaiaeu aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe eee ia niioaaonoaotho. Iineieueeo enoeia iae-
ia – iieiia e oi/iia noauaeoeaiia io?aaeaiea iauaeoeaiie aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe, iinoieueeo anyeia eiia iiieiaiea enoeiu ia io?aaeaao aa
naienoa.

5 Ni.: N o ? i a i a e / I. N. Iaoa?eaeueiay enoeia e noaeaaiua aeiea”
caoaeuenoaa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1955, n. 49-51.

69

iie- enoeiu (eaeaenoeiu) a noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ao?aeoaciii.


i?aaeeueii iiae/a?eeaaao niaoeeoeeo i?aaeiaoa,- caia/aao
I. N. No?iaiae/.- A iieueca io oaeiai iaeiaiiaaiey ninoith
eo i?aaeaea anaai a oii, /oi ei ?acei ioaa?aaaony anyeay aic-
iiaeiinoue auaeaaaoue ca enoeio a noaeaaiuo aeaeao oi, /oi io-
aa/aao ii?aaeaeaiiui th?eaee/aneei oneiaeyi, ii ioiineoaeue-
ii /aai iao aa?aioee, /oi anoue enoeia a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, ii
‘ nouanoao ia oi?iaeueii, a 6. Iineieueeo iaoa-
?eaeueiay enoeia – yoa oa aea iauaeoeaiay enoeia a i?eia-
iaiee ,e noaeaaiui aeaeai, iinoieueeo a aeaeueiaeoii iu ao-
aeai eniieueciaaoue iaa oa?ieia ( e
a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa) eae.
?aaiicia/iua.

Iaeiie ec nouanoaaiiuo iniaaiiinoae enoeiu a niaaoneia
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna yaeyaony oi, /oi iiciaiea oaeoe/aneeo
ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea i?ienoiaeeo ia eia/a eae..a-eo nioeeaeueii-
iieeoe/aneie e th?eaeeaa.neie-ioe.ai.ea. Yoa iniaaiiinoue iao-
neiaeaia oai, /oi iiciaiea oaeoa e i?eiaiaiea i?aaa iaoi-
aeyony caeanue a ia?ac?uaiie acaeiinayce. Ioaeaeeoue aeaa oea-
caiiua noi?iiu aaeeiiai oeaeiai ae?oa io ae?oaa i?aeoe/anee
iaaiciiaeii. I?aaiu neaaenoaey e noaea iiciatho, iai?eia?,,
oaeou neoiee, i?iaeaaee, iaaeeau ia aano?aeoii, a iioiio.,
/oi iie ia?acotho ninoaa niaeoeyoeee. Iie iiciatho oaeou
oiuoeaiiuo aeaenoaee, a?oai ia?ooathueo iauanoaaiiue ii?y-
aeie e au?aaeathueo yaiia iaoaaaeaiea e iauanoao, iiyoue, aea
ia aano?aeoii, a iioiio, /oi oaeea aeaenoaey ia?acotho ninoaa’
ooeeaainoaa e o. ae.

I?ioeaieee aeeth/aiey a niaea?aeaiea enoeiu a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ia oieueei oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea,
ii e i?aaiaie ioeaiee oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoa ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi
iineieueeo iauaeoeaiay enoeia yoi oaeia niaea?aeaiea, eioi-
?ia ia caaeneo ie io /aeiaaea, i’e io /aeiaa/anoaa 7, iinoieueeo
?anniao?eaaoue th?eaee/aneoth ioeaieo oaeoia a ea/anoaa eii-
iiiaioa enoeiu iaeuecy, eai ioeaiea – ia iauaeoeaiue oaeo,,
a ?acoeueoao noauaeoeaiiai oniio?aiey eeoe, i?iecaiaeyueo
?anneaaeiaaiea e noaeaaiia ?anniio?aiea. E oiio aea i?aaiaua-
ioeaiee iauanoaaiii iianiuo aeayiee iiaoo eciaiyoueny, a.
enoeia inoaaony iaeciaiiie.

6 Oai aea, n. 51.

7 Ni.: E aiee A. E. Iiei. nia?. ni/., o. 18, n. 123.

60

A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe aea iaeuecy ia oieueei oiaeyoue cia/a-
iey oeacaiiie iniaaiiinoe onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu a oaieia-
iii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa – iiciaiey oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
oaieiaiiai aeaea ia eia/a eae a eo nioeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneie
e th?eaee/aneie ioeaiea, ii e oiai, /oi aeaoue i?aaeeueii eiai-
ii oaeoth ioeaieo – cia/eo oiaea io?aceoue aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue.
I. I. Iieyineee caia/ae: 8.

*oi eanaaony aiciiaeiinoe eciaiaiey caeiiiaeaoaeai i?a-
aiauo ioeaiie ii?aaeaeaiiuo iauanoaaiii iianiuo aeayiee, oi

aaaeue enoeia anaaaea eiie?aoia e aa iiciaiea anoue oi/iia io-
?aaeaiea oaeoia aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe a oneiaeyo eiie?aoii ii?a-
aeaeaiiiai a?aiaie e i?ino?ainoaa. Iai?eia?, ?anniao?eaa-
aiia iuia a ea/anoaa .iacia/eoaeueiiai aeeuaiea ianeieueeeo
‘aooaiie oeaaa yaeyeinue a oneiaeyo aiaiiiai a?aiaie oya/ae-
oei i?anooieaieai. Yoi iiaeoaa?aeaeaao iuneue i eiie?aoiii
oa?aeoa?a enoeiu, ii ia i iaiaoiaeeiinoe eneeth/aiey ec aa
niaea?aeaiey iauanoaaiii-iieeoe/aneie e th?eaee/aneie nou-
iinoe onoaiaaeeaaaiuo oaeoia. A. E. Eaiei ioia/ae, /oi
aeey oiai /oiau ciaoue i?aaeiao, iaiaoiaeeii aieeiooue a aai
nouiinoue, ioaaoeoue ana nayce e iiin?aaenoaiaaiey. 9.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, oeaeue aeieacuaaiey iiaeao auoue i?eciaia
aeinoeaiooie oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea ciaiea neaaeiaaoaeae e no-
aeae ia ianoiyoaeuenoaao oaieiaiiai aeaea i?aaeeueii io?aaea-
ao oaeou ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe a eo nioeeaeueii-iieeoe-
/aneie e th?eaee/aneie nouiinoe, eai enoeia e 10. I?aaenoaaeyaony iai?aaeeueiui, iaeiaei, aeeth/aiea”
a aa iauai iacia/aaiuo noaeii ia? iaeacaiey. Ii?aaeaeaiea ia-
eacaiey anoue ia aeiciaiea oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa i?ioeiai e
ianoiyuaai, a ?acoeueoao oaea ninoiyaoaainy iiciaiey oaeeo.
oaeoie e ianoiyoaeuenoa a eo nioeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneie e th?e-
aee/aneie nouiinoe. Eia/a aiai?y, iacia/aiea iaeacaiey –
neaaenoaea oaea onoaiiaeaiiie ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo enoeiu.
Iiyoiio iaeacaiea ia iiaeao auoue enoeiiui eee iaenoei-
iui, a yaeyaony caeiiiui eee iacaeiiiui, iainiiaaiiui
eee iaiainiiaaiiui, ni?aaaaeeeaui eee iani?aaaaeeeaui11.

Eoae, iiae^iauaeoeaiie (iaoa?eaeueiie) enoeiie ^ niaao;

neii oaieiaiii i?i’oea7na~’neaaeo?o~iii”ei”aoue~iieiia e oi/iia-
niioaaonoaea auaiaeia i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey e noaea
ianoiyoaeuenoaai eiie?aoiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea a eo nioeeaeue-
ii-iieeoe/aneie e th?eaee/aneie ioeaiea.

Iu aiai?ei ia enoeia eae i oeaee aeieacuaaiey e eiiiiiaioa-
iaueo oeaeae oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. A eeoa?aoo?a,.
iaeiaei, iauaeoeaiay enoeia ia?aaeei .?anniao?eaaaony a ea-
/anoaa oeaee e i?eioeeia oaieiaiiai I?ioeanna.

Neaaeoao i?aaeaea anaai aic?aceoue i?ioea aiciiaeiinoe i?e-
aeaaaoue iaeiiio e oiio aea yaeaieth iaeiia?aiaiii cia/aiea-
i?eioeeia e oeaee a neeo ?aciioa?aeoa?iinoe aeaiiuo eaoa-
ai?ee. I?eioeeiu – yoi ia oeaeue…>, -eiu/a?ane.aae A. E. Ea-
iei 12. ,’A naiii aeaea: eaoaai?ey a oaieiaiii noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa ioaa/aao ya aii?in – ia /oi iai?aaeaia aeayoaeue-
iinoue i?aaiia ‘neaaenoaey ‘e ‘noaea; eaoaai?ey – eae,..
eaeei ia?acii iia inouanoaeyaony.

A ea/anoaa iaeiiai ec iniiaiuo a?aoiaioia a caueoo noae-
aeaiey ia enoeia eae oeaee e i?eioeeia oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna
iau/ii i?eaiaeeony Ia?eniai iieiaeaiea i oii, /oi “. Ionthaea aeaeaaony auaiae, /oi iauaeoeaiay enoeia ioaa-
/aao e ia iaeei, e ia ae?oaie ec iacaaiiuo aii?inia. ,-ieoao ss. I. ‘Ii-
oiaeeiaea?14. E aeaeaa ooaa?aeaeaao, /oi io?eoeaiea ca iauae-
oeaiie enoeiie aeaieiiai cia/aiey – e oeaee e i?eioeeia oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna – icia/aao aaeaa ee ia ioeac io aa i?ecia-
iey a aeaiiie noa?a iauanoaaiiie aeecie.

A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe yoi ia oae. Noaeaeaiea E. Ia?ena ia
enoeiiinoe ?acoeueoaoa enneaaeiaaiey e enoeiiinoe aaaeouaai
e iaio iooe enneaaeiaaiey, oeacuaay ia iauaa, aianoa n oai
iiae/a?eeaaao e iniaaiiia: a iaeiii neo/aa ?a/ue eaeao i ?acoeue-
oaoao eae oeaee enneaaeiaaiey, a ae?oaii – i iooe aeinoeaeaeey
aeaiiie oeaee. 15. Yoi
e nicaeaao iaoiaeieiae/aneoth i?aaeiinueeo aeey i?eciaiey iae-
iei ec i?eioeeiia oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna ananoi?iiiinoe, iie-
iiou e iauaeoeaiinoe enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa oaieiaii-
ai aeaea (no. 14 Iniia, no. 20 OIE), a oeaeueth aeieacuaaiey-
onoaiiaeaiea ‘enoeiu a ea/anoaa oaeiai (ananoi?iiiaai, iie-
iiai e iauaeoeaiiai) enneaaeiaaiey. Neaaeoao i?e yoii

o/eouaaoue, /oi aei iiaeaaaeaiey eoiaa enneaaeiaaiey e oai na-
iui aei iiiaioa aeinoeaeaiey oeaee enneaaeiaaiey, iiciaiea
nanoiyoayunoa oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaeao auoue ?ac?iciaiiui,
iania?aiiui, iaiieiui. Iiciaiea aea enoeiu a ea/anoaa oea-
ee aeioacuaaiey i?aaeiieaaaao enoeio ?acaa?ioooth, niaaeeia-
iea ?ac?iciaiiuo caaiueaa a aaeeiia oeaeia.

Eoae, enoeia a niaaoneii oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
ninoaaeyao oeaeue aeieacuaaiey e eiiiiiaio iaueo oeaeae ana-
ai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. I?eioeeiii aea yaeyaony ii?iaoea-
iia o?aaiaaiea iieiiou, ananoi?iiiinoe in ‘iauaeoeaiinoe ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey oaieiaiuo aeae eae ia-
iaoiaeeiiai iooe onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu.

13 Ia?en E. e Yiaaeuen O. Ni/., o. 1, n. 7-8.
e Iioiaeeiaea? ss. I. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu a niaaoneii oai-
eiaiii i?ioeanna. ss?ineaaeue, 1974, n. 11.

15 Ea?ei A. I. Io neaaenoaaiiie aa?nee e enoeia. I., 1976, n. 190.

63

Aii?in ia enoeia, iaeiaei, iiaeao oo?aoeoue ana naia cia-
/aiea i?e iinoaiiaea iiae niiiaiea aiciiaeiinoe aa iiciaiey.

A i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a i?ioeuo eao iaiaeiie?aoii ano?a-
/aeenue ooaa?aeaeaiey i oii, /oi iiciaiea enoeiu ia anaaaea
aeinooiii i?aaiai oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eioi?ui ia-
?aaeei i?eoiaeeony aeiaieuenoaiaaoueny aunieie noaiaiueth aa?i-
yoiinoe 16. A iniiaa yoiai eaaeaea iaoiaeieiae/anee ii?i/iay
eiioeaioeey A. ss. Auoeineiai i oii, /oi oneiaey noaeaaiie aea-
yoaeueiinoe noaayo noaeueth ia?aae iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ?oeiaiaenoai-
aaoueny ia enoeiiuie, ia aeinoiaa?iuie ciaieyie, a eeoue au-
nieie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe17.

E iiaeiaiiai ?iaea noaeaeaieyi a i?ioeii iiaeii auei au
ia aica?auaoueny, anee au ia iocaoee eo a ianoiyuaa a?aiy.
I?aeoe/aneea o?oaeiinoe, eaaeauea ia iooe onoaiiaeaiey en-
oeiu a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, iaeioi?ua aaoi?u ia-
i?aaiia?ii ?anniao?eaatho eae iai?aiaeieeiua i?aiyonoaey
e aa onoaiiaeaieth 18. I?anooieaiea a neeo yoiai iiaeao auoue
ia oieueei ia?ane?uoui, ii e ia?ane?uaaaiui 1A.

Nii?o iao, iooue e onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu i/aiue o?oaeai.
Yoe o?oaeiinoe a noa?a oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ineiae-
iaiu ia?aaeei no?aieaieai caeioa?aniaaiiuo eeoe (iaaeiyai
iuo, iioa?iaaoeo e ae?.) aaanoe a caaeoaeaeaiea i?aaiu aeicia-
iey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea. Oaeea o?oaeiinoe, iaeiaei,
eiatho i?aeoe/aneee, a ia aiinaieiae/aneee oa?aeoa?, neaaei1-
aaoaeueii, eo iiaeii e ioaeii i?aiaeieaoue.

Iaoa?eaeenoe/aneay oeeinioey oaaaeeoaeueii aeieacaea io-
noonoaea eaeeo au oi ie auei aiinaieiae/aneeo i?aiyonoaee
aeey onoaiiaeaiey iauaeoeaiie enoeiu. Niaeanii ia?eneno-
nei-eaieineie oai?ee iiciaiey e, a /anoiinoe, eaieineie oai?
?ee io?aaeaiey, iaoa niciaiea, aoaeo/e aoi?e/iui ii ioiioa-

16 Ni., iai?eia?: * aeueoeia I. A. Niaaoneee oaieiaiue i?ioeann,
aui. 2. I., 1929, n. 100-101; Oaieiaiue i?ioeann. I., 1948, n. 252, 257,
276 e ae?.; Aieoineee N. A. I aa?iyoiinoe y aeinoiaa?iinoe a oaieia-
iii noaea. – A ei.: I?iaeaiu oaieiaiie iieeoeee, ei. IV. I., 1937,
n. 61; O a ae a a i n y i A. N. iK. aii?ino ia onoaiiaeaiee iaoa?eaeueiie en-
oeiu a niaaoneii i?ioeanna. – , 1948,
? 6, n. 66.

17 Ni. e?eoeeo yoie eiioeaioeee A. ss. Auoeineiai a no.: Pax o-
e i a ? Ae Ia eca?auaieyo A. ss. Auoeineei niaaoneie oai?ee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. – . I., 1962, aui. 14, n. 123.

18 Ii., iai?eia?: A? naiue aa A. Ae. Aii?inu iauae oai?ee noaeaa-
iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. I., ‘1964, n. 46.

is Ni.: Iioia’e ei aea ? A. Ae. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu a niaaoneii
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 20.

64

ieth e auoeth, iiaeao iiciaaaoue ie?oaeathuoth ian aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoue. Iaoe iuouaiey, i?aaenoaaeaiey yaeythony neaiea-
ie, nieieaie n aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, iieo/athuae naia au?aaea-
iea a iaoeo iiiyoeyo e noaeaeaieyo. Niioaaonoaaiii, aauae,
iaiiciaaaaiuo /aeiaa/aneei niciaieai, iao
e auoue ‘ia iiaeao. Eiathony ianoiyoaeuenoaa aua ia iiciai-
iua, ii e iiciaieth eioi?uo ia iiaeao auoue ieeaeeo aiinai-
eiae/aneeo i?aiyonoaee. 20. Ieeaeeo eneeth/aiee aeey
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa a yoii ia nouanoaoao.

Iaeiaei niiniaiinoue iiciaoue enoeio aua ia icia/aao aa
?aaeueiiai iiciaiey. Yoi cia/eo, /oi a oii eee eiii neo/aa
iiciathuee iiaeao ioeaeoueny, i?eiyoue enoeio ca eiaeue, a
eiaeue ca enoeio.

Iineieueeo enoeia anoue noauaeoeaiia io?aaeaiea iauaeoea-
iie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, aa iiciaiea anaaaea aeeth/aao a naay
aeeaeaeoe/aneia aaeeinoai aeaoo yeaiaioia – iauaeoeaiiai e
noauaeoeaiiai. Ianoiyoaeuenoaa ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe no-
uanoaotho aia e iacaaeneii io aiee e niciaiey /aeiaaea.
Ii iiciaiu iie iiaoo auoue ia eia/a eae i?e iiiiue eo
noauaeoeaiiai aini?eyoey /aeiaaeii, aini?eyoey, eioi?ia a
oii eee eiii neo/aa, ii oai eee eiui i?e/eiai iiaeao iea-
caoueny ianiaa?oaiiui. Ia?ae/iui e ii?aaeaeythuei anaaaea
inoaaony oaeoi? iauaeoeaiue – auoea, iiciaaaaiay aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoue.

Neacaiiia iicaieyao naeaeaoue neaaeothuea auaiaeu i?eia-
ieoaeueii e” aii?ino i iiciaiee enoeiu a oaieiaiii noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa:

a) n eaeeie (au o?oaeiinoyie ia i?eoeinue noieeiooueny i?-
aaiai aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea a i?ioeanna ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e ?anniio?aiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, onoaiiaeaiea
iauaeoeaiie (iaoa?eaeueiie) enoeiu inoaaony aeey ieo a i?ei-
oeeia anaaaea aeinooiiui;

a) yoi ia eneeth/aao, iaeiaei, aiciiaeiinoe neaaenoaaiiuo
e noaeaaiuo ioeaie, ii eneeth/aao eo iaecaaaeiinoue e iaono-
?aieiinoue;

a) aeinoeaeaiea niioaaonoaothuae oeaee aiciiaeii eeoue i?e
oneiaee aieueoeo oneeee i?aaii?eiaieoaeueiuo i?aaiia, ia-
i?aaeaiiuo ia onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu ii eaaeaeiio eiie?aoii-
io aeaeo;

2e Eaiei A. E. Iiei. nia?. ni/., o. 18, n. 134.
5. Caeac ? 11506

65

a) iineieueeo ia iooe e onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu iao aiinai-
eiae/aneeo i?aiyonoaee, a eiathony eeoue o?oaeiinoe i?aeoe-
/aneiai oa?aeoa?a, iinoieueeo e’o i?aiaeieaiea caaeneo ai
iiiaii io i?aaeeueiie i?aaiecaoeee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa, iniaaiii – io aiaae?aiey a aeaiioth noa?o iauanoaaiiie
aeecie aeinoeaeaiee iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e iiauoa-
iey i?ioanneiiaeueiiai ianoa?noaa neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo
eaae?ia.

Eae iu aeaeei, aii?in ia enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa ia iiaeao ?anniao?eaaoueny eae /enoi oai?aoe/aneee.
Ii eiaao aieueoia i?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea. A E. Ia?en ienae: 21.

Iiciaiea enoeiu a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iaania/e-
aaao iaoeinoue ?ai?annee – iaeacaiea eeoe, aeaenoaeoaeueii ae-
iiaiuo, ii?aaaeaiea, iieioth ?aaaeeeoaoeeth iaaeiiaiuo. Onoa-
iiaeaiea enoeiu – iaiaoiaeeiia oneiaea caeiiiinoe e iain-
iiaaiiinoe neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeoia, eo oaaaeeoaeueiin-
oe aeey oe?ieeo iann o?oaeyueony, aeaenoaaiiiai eniieueciaa-
iey oaeeo aeoia a ea/anoaa n?aaenoaa ainieoaiey a?aaeaeai a
aeooa nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe e niaaoneiai i?aaiii-
?yaeea.

Eoae, i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaea iiaoo e aeieaeiu ii-
ciaaaoue enoeio ii eaaeaeiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Iaeiaei eaeiaa
aiinaieiae/aneay i?e?iaea oaeie enoeiu? ssaeyaony ee. iia
aaniethoiie eee ioiineoaeueiie?

A i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a ii aeaiiiio aii?ino eiathony o?e
oi/ee c?aiey.

Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi iineieueeo i?aaiu ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e noaea ieeiaaea ia onoaiaaeeaatho iieii e en/a?-
iuaathua ana (a oii /enea iaeue/aeoea) aeaoaee i?anooieaiey
(aeey /aai ei iiiaaeiaeeinue au auoiaeeoue aeaeaei ca i?aaeaeu
i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey), iinoieueeo, aoaeo/e iiciaia, enoeia a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yaeyaony ioiineoaeueiie22.

21 Map e n E. e Yiaaeuen O. Ni/., o. 3, n. 1-2.

22 Ni., iai?eia?: ‘Eoea?ia A. I. Iiiyoea iaoa?eaeueiie enoeiu
a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. – , 1952, ? 2, n. 10;

Oeueyiiaa E. O. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa noaeii ia?aie einoaioeee. I.,
1959, n, 60.

Ae?oaea iieaaatho//oi a oie ia?a, a eaeie i?aaeiao iicia-
iey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo /aoei ia?aie/ai ?aieaie ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, oae eee eia/a ioiinyueony e ninoaao eiie?aoiiai
i?anooieaiey, enoeia, iiciaaaaiay a oaieiaiii noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa, aeieaeia auoue i?eciaia aeinoaoi/ii iieiie ii iau-
aio, o. a, aaniethoiie23.

Auneacuaathony, iaeiiaoe, noaeaeaiey i oii, /oi iineieueeo
oeeinioneea eaoaai?ee aaniethoiie e ioiineoaeueiie enoeiu
iai?eiaieiu e i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aa?i?eiaie>
oaeueiuo i?aaiia, iinoieueeo enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa ia iiaeao auoue i?eciaia ie aaniethoiie, ie ioiine-
oaeueiie24.

I?e ?aoaiee aeaiiiai aii?ina neaaeoao enoiaeeoue, eae iu
iieaaaai, ec neaaeothueo iniiaiuo iieiaeaiee.

1. Niaeanii ia?enenonei-eaieineie oai?ee iiciaiey, aa-
niethoiay enoeia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iieiia e ananoi?iiiaa
ciaiea iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, ioaaouaathuaa ana
naienoaa e ioiioaiey iiciaaaaiuo i?aaeiaoia e yaeaiee. Io-
iineoaeueiay enoeia – enoeia iaiieiay, ia en/a?iuaathuay
anao naienoa e ioiioaiee iiciaaaaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.
A. E. Eaiei ienae, /oi <... iuoeaiea ii i aea naiae niiniaii aeaaaoue e aeaao iai aaniethoioth enoeio ei- oi neeaaeuaaaony ec noiiu ioiineoaeueiuo enoei>25.

Cia/eo, eaaeaeay nooiaiue /aeiaa/aneeo ciaiee yaeyaony io-
iineoaeueiie nooiaiueth a aaniethoiii iiciaiee e, oai naiui,
niaea?aeeo a naaa /anoeoeu aaniethoiie enoeiu, neeaaeuaathuae-
ny ec noiiu ioiineoaeueiuo enoei. <...aeey aeeaeaeoe iaoa ia nouanoaoao iaia a iaaeaeo io- iineoaeueiie e aaniethoiie enoeiie>, – iiae/a?eeaae
A. E. Eaiei26. E aeaeaa: 27.

2. Noa?a oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aoaeo/e eiie?aoiie
noa?ie iauanoaaiiie aeecie, ia ninoaaeyao ieeaeiai eneeth-
/aiey a aeaiiii aii?ina. Anee aaniethoiay enoeia a i?eioee-

23 Ni., ‘iai?eia?: No?iaiae/ I. N. Iaoa?eaeueiay enoeia e no-
aeaaiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 72-73; Ia?-
e i a E. Ae. I?eaiai? a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 223.

24 Ni., iai?eia?: ?eaeyi A. E. Ia?aniio? i?eaiai?ia a NNN?.
I;, 1958, n. 14; Eaaiia I. A. I?eioeei iauaeoeaiie enoeiu -a niaao-
neii a?aaeaeaineii i?ioeanna. I., 1964, n. 35-

2a Eaiei A. E. Iiee. nia?. ni/.. o. 18, n. 137.

26 Oai aea, n. 138.

27 Oai aea, n. 134-135.

5- 67

Tie aeinooiia /aeiaa/aneiio iiciaieth, oi iia aeinooiia e eii-
iaoaioiui i?aaiai ainoaea?noaa, ?anneaaeothuei, ?anniao?e-
aathuei e ?ac?aoathuei oaieiaiua aeaea. Eiia/ii, ii ioii-
oaieth e aa/ii ?acaeaathuaeny iaoa?ee, aa/ii ?acaeaathua-
iony ie?o, ii ioiioaieth ei anae noiia naycae e caeiiiia?-
iinoae /aeiaa/aneiai iauanoaa yoa enoeia aoaeao ioiineoaeue-
iie. Iaeiaei ii ioiioaieth e oi/ii ii?aaeaeaiiiio i?aaeiaoo
.aeieacuaaiey ii eiie?aoiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo, ia?aie/aiii-
-io niaa?oaiii ii?aaeaeaiiui e?oaii oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa,
.a?aiaiai e i?ino?ainoaii, enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa yaeyaony aaniethoiie. Neaaeoao i?e yoii o/eouaaoue, /oi
enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa aiana ia aeieaeia io?a-
aeaoue anao aeaoaeae i?anooieaiey. Eiiiaoaioiua i?aaiu aino-
aea?noaa iaycaiu iieii e en/a?iuaathua onoaiiaeoue oieueei
oi, /oi eiaao nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?an-
niio?aiey e ?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, o. a. oi, /oi aoiaeeo
a iauai i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey. A yoi ia?acoao niaa?oaiii
eiie?aoiue e?oa oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa, i eioi?ii ?a/ue iie-
aeao aeaeueoa.

Iiaeiaiiai ?iaea enoeiu iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue (n yeaiai-
oaie i?aoaioeeiciinoe) eae enoeiu, eioi?ua O. Yiaaeuen ia-
cuaae , ieii/aoaeueiuie, oaa?aei onoaiiaeaiiuie,
anee a oeei-
nioneii niunea aauai28. Iaeiaei eiaiii iioiio, /oi oeaeue
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e ninoieo a iiciaiee niaa?oai-
ii ii?aaeaeaiiuo oaeoia e niauoee, iia, aoaeo/e aaniethoiie,
eeoaaony, eae ni?aaaaeeeai caia/aao ‘I. N. No?iaiae/, 29.

Neacaoue aea, /oi enoeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa –
ia aaniethoiay e ia ioiineoaeueiay – cia/eo ioeacaoueny ai-
iaua io ?aoaiey iinoaaeaiiiai aii?ina ii nouanoao, ii-
neieueeo n oi/ee c?aiey ia?enenonei-eaieineie oeeinioee,
enoeia, aoaeo/e iauaeoeaiie, ia iiaeao ia auoue aaniethoiie
eee ioiineoaeueiie.

3. Ec i?eioeeieaeueii iieiaeeoaeueiiai ?aoaiey aii?ina i

-aiciiaeiinoe onoaiiaeaiey aaniethoiie enoeiu a oaieiaiii
i?ioeanna auoaeaao o?aaiaaiea, i?aaeuyaeyaiia i?aeoe/aneei

28 Ia?en E. e Yiaaeuen O. Ni/., o. 20, n. 88.

29 N o’?ia ia y / I. N. Iaoa?eaeueiay enoeia e noaeaaiua aeieaca-‘

-aaeuenoaa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 73.

30. E ?anniio?a-
ieth e?oaa ianoiyoaeuenoa, ninoaaeythueo i?aaeiao aeieacuaa-
yey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo, iu e ia?aeaeai a neaaeothuai ia?a-
a?aoa.

2. I?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey

.Aii?in i i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey – yoi aii?in i oii, /oi
iiaeeaaeeo aeieacuaaieth a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eia/a

-aiai?y, aii?in i niaieoiiinoe yaeaiee aiaoiaai ie?a, ii-
ciaiea eioi?uo iaiaoiaeeii aeey aeinoeaeaiey caaea/ oaieiaii-
ai noaeii?iec aiaenoa a.

,/ I?aaeeueiia ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ‘i?aaenoaa-
1;eyaony i/aiue aaaeiui. Aai iaiiia?iia ?anoe?aiea iiaeao ii-
i-.aea/ue iaii?aaaeaiioth caoyaeeo a ?anneaaeiaaiee e ?anniio?a-
1 .iee oaieiaiiai aeaea, caa?iiiaeaeaiea aeaea oaeoaie e ianoiy-

ci e o e e e n e a y I. A. ?aoaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eo

aeaeu, niaea?aeaiea e oi?iu, I., 1976, n. 74.

69

oaeuenoaaie, ia eiathueie nouanoaaiiiai cia/aiey aeey aai
caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai ?ac?aoaiey, a oaeaea ioaea/ue aie-

iaiea eeoe, ‘i?iecaiaeyueo aeiciaiea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?annea-
aeiaaiea e noaeaaiia ?acae?aoaeuenoai, io oaeoia e ianoiy-
oaeuenoa, eiathueo aeaenoaeoaeueii nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea ii
aeaeo. Iaaeicaieaiiia ia?aie/aiea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ia-
ecaaaeii aea/ao iaiieiioo e aeaaea iaeiinoi?iiiinoue ?anneaaei-
aaiey i ?anniio?aiey aeaea, aai iineaaeothuaa aica?auaiea ia
aeiiieieoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea eee ia iiaia noaeaaiia ?an-
niio?aiea. Iaaacuioa?anii caiaoeoue, /oi iaiieiioa e iaeii-
noi?iiiinoue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai
?acae?aoaeuenoaa – iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiia iniiaaiea,
aeaeouaa ioiaio noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a i?e i?iaa?ea aai ca-
eiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe a eannaoeeiiiii eee iaaeci?iii
ii?yaeea. Niaeanii no. 343 OIE, iaeiinoi?iiiei eee’iaiieii
i?iaaaeaiiui i?eciaaony aeiciaiea, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia eee no-
aeaaiia neaaenoaea, eioi?ua inoaaeee iaauyniaiiuie oaeea ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, onoaiiaeaiea eioi?uo iiaei eiaoue nouanoaai-
iia cia/aiea i?e iinoaiiaeaiee i?eaiai?a.
o –
enoeiiia niauoea… yaeaiea, ?aaeueiinoue, aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue
oiio?aaeyaony ‘a .cia/aiee aa?ii, ianiiiaiii…>32; – ‘yaeaiea, niioonoaothuaa /aio-eeai, ‘iiaouaa
aeeyoue ia /oi-eeai, oa eee eiay noi?iia aeaea, niauoey>33.

O/eouaay iniaaiiia, ?yae aaoi?ia ni?aaaaeeeai ioia/atho
iaiaoiaeeiinoue ?anniao?eaaoue i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey eae aaeei-

31 Ni.: A a iei A. A. Aiinaieiae/aneay e i?aaiaay i?e?iaea i?aae-
iaoa aeieacuaa.iey a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, aui. 1. Ooa,

1975, n. 29.

32 Neiaa?ue ?onneiai ycuea. Ecae. AI NNN?, o. 4, n. 750.

33 Oai aea, n.’ 778,
70

<:oai oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa34. iiaeoaa oiio yaeyao- ny aeaenoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai. no. iniia oie iai iacaaia oae: iiaeeaaeauea aeiea- cuaaieth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo>. Aiaeec yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, ii
nouanoao, iicaieyao o?eeoa e auaiaeo i oii, /oi caeiiiaea-
oaeue eiaao caeanue a aeaeo e oaeou (iai?eia?, eiaaoaa ianoi
a i?ioeii niauoea i?anooieaiey), e nianoaaiii ianoiyoaeue-
noaa (iai?eia?, aeeythuea ia noaiaiue e oa?aeoa? ioaaonoaai-
iinoe iaaeiyaiiai).

Oi aea naiia ioiineony e ei iiiaei ae?oaei iieiaeaieyi
aeaenoaothuaai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. No. 20 OIE iaycuaaao noae,
i?ieo?i?a, neaaeiaaoaey e eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, i?e-
ieiaoue ana i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii ia?u aeey ananoi?iiia-
ai, iieiiai e iauaeoeaiiai enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa oai-
eiaiiai aeaea, aeey auyniaiey eae oee/athueo, oae e ii?aaaeu-
aathueo iaaeiyaiiai, a oaeaea ioya/athueo eee niya/athueo;

aai aeio ianoiyoaeuenoa. Niaeanii no. no. 204 e 276 OIE, nea-
aeiaaoaeue e noae ia ai?aaa ioeacaoue a oaeiaeaoai?aiee cayaeai-
iuo o/anoieeaie oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna oiaeaoaenoa, anee ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, ia oyniaiee eioi?uo iie oiaeaoaenoaotho, iiaoo,-
eiaoue cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?ac?aoaiey aeaea.

Cia/eo, a yoeo, eae e ai iiiaeo ae?oaeo neo/ayo, eniiae–
coy oa?iei , caeiiiaeaoaeue eiaao a aeaeo e
oaeou, e ianoiyoaeuenoaa a oeacaiiii yoeiieiae/aneii
niunea.

I?ioea oaeie iiceoeee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiii-
aeaoaeuenoaa iiaeao auoue i?eaaaeaii neaaeothuaa aic?aaeaiea: aei
oao ii?, iiea niioaaonoaothuaa ianoiyoaeuenoai ia onoaiiaea-
ii, ia aeieacaii niaieoiiinoueth nia?aiiuo (ii aeaeo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, iie ia ‘iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae oaeou, o. a. ea;e
yaeaiey ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.

Ia naiii aeaea yoi ia oae. ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoueth
oaeo yaeyaony iacaaeneii io oiai, iiciai ii eee ia iiciai
/aeiaaeii. E a aeaeueiaeoai i?aaenoaaeaiey i oaeoa .iiaoo ‘ia-
iyoueny, ii nai oaeo inoaaony iaeciaiiui. Niauoea i?anooi-
eaiey, anee iii aeaenoaeoaeueii eiaei ianoi, i?e/eiaiiue i?a-
nooieaieai oua?a, anee oaeiaie aeaenoaeoaeueii iaianai i?a-
nooieaieai, e o. ae. – oaeou ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. Iie

34 Ni., iai?eia?: A?naiueaa A. Ae. Aii?inu iauae oai?ee, noaeaa-
iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. I., 1964, n. 20; No?iaiae/ I. N. .Eo?n niaaoneiai
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. I., 1968, o. 1, n. 295-298; Oaoeoeeei O. I.
Iauea i?iaeaiu i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. Eacaiue, 1976, n. 49 e ae.

71

yaeythony oaeiauie e oiaaea, eiaaea aua ia iiciaiu, ii aeieae-
iu auoue iiciaiu i?aaii?eiaieoaeueiuie i?aaiaie; iie inoa-
,thony oaeiauie e iinea eo onoaiiaeaiey.

Oaeei ia?acii, a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ia iieiaeaiee ?aa-
iicia/iuo aoiaeyo e oaeou, e ianoiyoaeuenoaa. Ii eaeiau iie?.
Oieueei ee yoi oaeou e ianoiyoaeuenoaa i?ioeiai eee aua e
ianoiyuaai?

A eeoa?aoo?a ia?aaeei i?eoiaeeony ano?a/aoueny n ooaa?aeaea-
ieai i oii, /oi iineieueeo eiiiaoaioiua i?aaiu ainoaea?noaa
eiatho aeaei n niauoeyie i?ioeiai, oaea niaa?oaiiiai i?a-
nooieaiey, iinoieueeo ‘a ‘i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey aoiaeyo ianoiy-
oaeuenoaa oieueei i?ioeiai. N. A. .Uaeoa?, iai?eia?, ooaa?ae-
aeaao: 35. A. A. A?naiueaa iieaaaao, /oi ioianaiea ni-
ioaaonoaothueo ianoiyoaeuenoa e i?ioeiio ii ioiioaieth ei
a?aiaie oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ninoaaeyao iaeio ec aaae-.
^iaeoeo niaoeeoe/aneeo iniaaiiinoae ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaea-
yaeeo onoaiiaeaieth a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna36.

Niaeaneoueny n oaeei noaeaeaieai iaeuecy. Eiia/ii, i?aai-

i?eiaieoaeueiua i?aaiu eiatho aeaei n ianoiyoaeuenoaaie i?a-
nooieaiey, oaea niaa?oaiiiai. Iaeiaei ia?yaeo n oaeeie ia-

noiyoaeuenoaaie a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey aoiaeyo aua e ae?oaea,
aicieeiiaaiea e nouanoaiaaiea eioi?uo ioiineony e iinea-
aeothuaio, a oii /enea e e ianoiyuaio a?aiaie. Iaeaieaa io-
/aoeeai yoi aeaeii, eiaaea ?a/ue eaeao, iai?eia? ia inaiaiaeaea-
iee io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i i?ae?auaiee oaieiaii-
ai aeaea n i?eaea/aieai eeoea e aaeieieno?aoeaiie ioaaonoaai-
iinoe, n ia?aaea/ae iaoa?eaeia ia ?anniio?aiea oiaa?eua-
neiai noaea, eiiennee ii aeaeai ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo, n ia?a-
aea/ae aeiiaiiai ia ii?oee e o. ae. Iaeiie ec ?aoathueo e oi-
io i?aaeiinueie yaeyaony onoaiiaeaiea aeaiiuo, iiaeoaa?ae-
aeathueo aiciiaeiinoue eni?aaeaiey e ia?aainieoaiey aeiia-
iuo aac i?eiaiaiey e iei oaieiaiiai iaeacaiey. Niioaaono-
aaiii yoi, aeaaiui ia?acii, (iiaeeaaeauea aeieacuaaieth ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, oa?aeoa?ecothuea ee/iinoue iaaeiyaiiai, aai
iiaaaeaiea iinea niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey, ioiioaiea e o?o-
aeo, naiuea, oiaa?euai, naiei iaycaiiinoyi e o. ae., a oaeaea a

35 Oaeoa’? ‘N. A. Nouiinoue e niiniau niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa a
niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1972, n. 5.

36 Ni.: A?naiueaa A. Ae. Aii?inu iauae oai?ee noaeaaiuo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. I., 1964, n. 19, a oaeaea ni.: Eac Oe. I. Noauaeou aeieaauaaiey
a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. Na?aoia, 1968, n. 4.

72

cia/eoaeueiie ia?a, ianoiyoaeuenoaa, niya/athuea e ioya/ath-
uea ioaaonoaaiiinoue iaaeiyaiiai (iiaenoaeeiiai).

-‘Ia -i?ioyaeaiee iiiaeo eao a i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a ain-
iiaenoaiaaei noaeaeaiea i oii, /oi iineieueeo i?aaeiao aeieacu-
aaiey caaeneo io oa?aeoa?a eiie?aoiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea, ii-
noieueeo ii?iaoeaii ii?aaeaeeoue aai eiiiiiaiou i?eiaieoaeue-
_ ii ei anai oaieiaiui aeaeai i?aaenoaaeyaony iaaiciiaeiui.

OA neeo yoiai aii?in i i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ia iiaeaa?aaeny-.-./’
j iao/iiio enneaaeiaaieth, ia ?anniao?eaaeny a o/aaiie eeoa-
1 ?aoo?a, a ?aiaa aeaenoaiaaaoaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ii?aaeaeyei
e?oa ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eeoue i?eiaieoaeueii e ioaeaeueiui noaaeeyi
e a nayce n ioaeaeueiuie i?ioeannoaeueiuie aeoaie/ iai?eia?,
iinoaiiaeaieai i i?eaea/aiee a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaiiai

aeeythueo ia noaiaiue e oa?aeoa? ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaaeiya- ;

iiai, ‘e o. i.

\ Aicaaaeaiea caeiiiaeaoaeai aeieacuaaiey ii anai oaieia-
iui aeaeai niioaaonoaothuaai e?oaa oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa
a i?aaiaoth iaycaiiinoue eiiiaoaioiuo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaa
nua?aei aieueooth ?ieue, iineieueeo oneeeei i?ioeannoaeueiua
aa?aioee iieiiou, ananoi?iiiinoe e iauaeoeaiinoe eo ?an-
neaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey e, oai naiui, iicia-
. ,-yey ii eaaeaeiio eiie?aoiiio aeaeo iauaeoeaiie enoeiu.

Eoae, ii ethaiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeaea
anaai onoaiiaeoue iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea niauoey i?anooiea-
iey (i. 1 no. 68 OIE), o. a. iai?aaiia?iiai aeayiey, eiath-
; uaai oaieiaii-i?aaiaia cia/aiea. Cia/eo, ?a/ue eaeao ia i NI-
1, auoee aiiaua, ia i niauoee a iauaoiio?aaeoaeueiii niunea
‘,”n,eiaa, a i niauoee i?anooieaiey, /oi ia anaaaea iaeii e oi aea.
Ii aeaeo ia iaia?oaeaiee o?oia n i?eciaeaie ianeeuenoaai-
iie nia?oe iiaeao auoue onoaiiaeaii, /oi nia?oue – ?acoeue-
oao ia oaeenoaa, a naiioaeenoaa; ii aeaeo i iiaea?a iiaeao
auoue onoaiiaeaii, /oi iiaea? – ?acoeueoao ia iiaeaeiaa, a
noeoeeiiai aaaenoaey; ii aeaeo ia aaa?ee ia aaoio?ainii?oa
iiaeao auoue onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?e/eia oiio – a?oaay iain-
oi?iaeiinoue iaoaoiaea, e o. ae. Ai anao oaeeo e ei iiaeiaiuo
neo/ayo niauoea, ii iiaiaeo eioi?iai aicaoaeaeaii oaieiaiia
aeaei, eiaaony, i?e oii, /oi niauoey i?anooieaiey iao. I?a-
aiaua iineaaenoaey caeanue i?eioeeieaeueii eiua, iaaeaee i?e
onoaiiaeaiee niauoey i?anooieaiey. Niioaaonoaaiii, onoaiaa-
eeaay niauoea i?anooieaiey, iaiaoiaeeii ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny
ia oieueei aeaiiie noaoueae OIE, ii e oie ii?iie OE, eioi?ay
i?aaeoniao?eaaao ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca eiie?aoiia i?anooieaiea.

‘ Aeey ooi/iaiey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo naienoa niauoey i?anooi-
eaiey iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue a?aiy, niinia e ae?oaea ianoiy-
oaeuenoaa aai niaa?oaiey, iineieueeo oaeiaua iiaoo eiaoue no-
uanoaaiiia cia/aiea aeey th?eaee/aneie eaaeeoeeaoeee aeayiey
e eiaeeaeaeoaeecaoeee oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeiiaiiai.
‘-Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? e Aa?oiaiua Noaeu nithciuo ?an-
ioaeee iaiaeiie?aoii oeacuaatho, /oi noaeu a eaaeaeii eiie-

38 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneei oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 157-158.

74

?aoiii neo/aa aeieaeiu oaaaeeoueny a oii, /oi eiaaoaa iano
aeayiea yaeyaony iauanoaaiii iianiui, oaieiaii-iaeacoaiui
niaea?aeauei ana yeaiaiou ninoaaa i?anooieaiey 39.

A niioaaonoaee n i. 2 no. 68 OIE onoaiaaeeaaaony aeaeaa
aeiiaiinoue iaaeiyaiiai a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey. OIE
?NON? e Aca?aaeaeaeaineie NN? aeiaaaeytho , a OIE ONN? – .

_^Oeacaiiia iieiaeaiea caeiia niaea?aeeo o?e iniiaiuo yea-
(iaioa: 1) onoaiiaeaiea oaeoa niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey eii-
‘e?aoiui eeoeii, i?eaea/aiiui e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe,
2) onoaiiaeaiea aeiiaiinoe aeaiiiai eeoea, o. a. niaa?oaiea
;ei oaeiai aeayiey oiuoeaiii eee iainoi?iaeii; 3) ?ane?u-
oea niaea?aeaiey oie oi?iu aeiu, eioi?ay eiaao ianoi a eii-
o?aoiii neo/aa. Oae, anee aeieacaii, /oi eeoei aeaenoaiaaei
‘oiuoeaiii, iaiaoiaeeii aeieacaoue iioea, iaia?aiea, oeaeue ia-
; uanoaaiii iianiiai aeayiey. Anee onoaiiaeaii, /oi eeoei aeae-
noaiaaei iainoi?iaeii, o?aaoaony aeieacaoue a /ai eiaiii –
a iaa?aaeiinoe eee naiiiaaeayiiinoe .au?aceeanue iainoi?iae-

iinoue.

L-

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, aeaiiue eiiiiiaio i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey
i?aaeiieaaaao oyniaiea eae ii?aaeaeaiiuo iauaeoeaiuo ia-
noiyoaeuenoa (i?e/eiiie nayce iaaeaeo eiie?aoiui iauanoaai-
ii iianiui aeayieai e ianooieaoei ?acoeueoaoii), oae e
noauaeoeaiie noi?iiu aeayiey (aeiu a oi?ia oiunea eee
iainoi?iaeiinoe e niaea?aeaiey eiie?aoiie oi?iu aeiu).

A ?yaea iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia e ii?aaeaeaiee noaeaaiuo
eieeaaee Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? e Aa?oiaiuo Noaeia nithc-
iuo ?anioaeee aiai?eony i oii, /oi i?aaiu oaieiaiiai noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa iaycaiu nia?aoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iiaeoaa?aeaeath-
uea, /oi oaieiaii-iaeacoaiia aeayiea niaa?oaii ii?aaeaeai-
iui eeoeii, /oi aeaiiia eeoei iiaeao auoue noauaeoii i?anooi-
eaiey (aeinoeaei ii?aaeaeaiiiai aic?anoa, yaeyaony aiaiya-
iui), /oi aeaenoaiaaei iii aeiiaii, o. a. oiuoeaiii eee ia-
inoi?iaeii, /oi aeiiaiia aeayiea e ianooieaoee ?acoeueoao ia-
oiaeyony a i?e/eiiie acaeiinayce40.

A .i?aaeiao, aeieacuaaiey aeaeaa aoiaeyo ianoiyoaeuenoaa,;

, aeeythuea ia noaiaiue e oa?aeoa? ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaaeiya-‘,

39 Ni.: Aii?inu oaieiaiiai ‘i?ioeanna, a i?aeoeea Aa?oiaiiai Noaea
NNN? e Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?NON?. Iiae ?aae. A. A. Eoeeeiaa e Ae. N. Ea-
?aaa. I., 1974, n. 5-12.

40 Ni.: Aii?inu oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna a i?aeoeea Aa?oiaiiai Noaea
NNN? e Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?NON?. I., 1974, n. 12-17.

75

iioi, oeacaiiua a no. no. 38 e 39 OE, a oaeaea yeua ianoiy-
oaeuenoaa, oa?aeoa?ecothuea ee/iinoue iaaeiyaiiai (i. 3

no. 68 OIE).

^–‘Neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, /oi ia?a/aiue ianoiyoaeuenoa, niya/ath-
1 ueo oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue, onoaiiaeai no. 38 OE i?eai- ;

oe?iai/ii. Ia?a/aiue aea ioya/athueo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeai caei-A
iiaeaoaeai en/a?iuaathua (no. 39 OE). Ianoiyoaeuenoaa, oa-e
?aeoa?ecothuea ee/iinoue iaaeiyaiiai, ia?ac?uaii acaeii- ‘
naycaiu aieaa oiai, ai iiiaii niaiaaeatho n ianoiyoaeuenoaa- ‘
ie ioya/athueie eee niya/athueie aeio e ioaaonoaaiiinoue.
Iaeiaei caeiiiaeaoaeue ?anoe?yao e?oa ia?aie a?oiiu ianoiy-
oaeuenoa aua e ca n/ao , eioi?ua iaaiciiaeii iieiinoueth –
; ii?iaoeaii o?aaoee?iaaoue, ii eioi?ua a niaieoiiinoe n i?a-
i aeoniio?aiiuie a caeiia aeatho aeinoaoi/ii iieiia e ananoi-
?iiiaa i?aaenoaaeaiea i ee/iinoe iaaeiyaiiai.

‘– Oaeea ianoiyoaeuenoaa ?aciiia?aciu e iiiaia?aiiu. Iie
iiaoo ioiineoueny e iiaaaeaieth a auoo, e neoaeaaiie, iauano-
aaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, iiaoo iineoue iaaaoeaiue eee iiceoea-
iue oa?aeoa? e o. ae. Eo iieiia oyniaiea niaeaenoaoao aeeooa-
?aioeeaoeee oi?i ioaaonoaaiiinoe, iaeaieaa i?aaeeueiiio ii-
?aaeaeaieth aa noaiaie e oa?aeoa?a. O/ao oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
iiaeao ea/ue a iniiao, iai?eia?, inaiaiaeaeaiey eeoea io oai-
eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe a nayce n i?eaea/aieai aai e aaeie-
ieno?aoeaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, n ia?aaea/ae aeaea ia ?anniio-
?aiea oiaa?euaneiai noaea, n ia?aaea/ae iaoa?eaeia ia ?an-
niio?aiea eiiennee ii aeaeai ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo, n ia?aaea-
/ae eeoea ia ii?oee iauanoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee eee eieeae-
oeao o?oaeyueony (no. no. 6’-9 OIE); a iniiao i?ae?a-
uaiey aeaea a neeo i?eciaiey eeoea iieiinoueth oo?aoeaoei
.iauanoaaiioth iianiinoue (no. 50 OE, no. 6 OIE); eca?aiey
naieoeee ieaea iecoaai i?aaeaea (no. 43 OE); i?eiaiaiey on-
eiaiiai iaeacaiey (no. 44 OE), eca?aiey eiaiii oie naie-
oeee, eioi?ay a iaeaieueoae ia?a niioaaonoaoao oa?aeoa?o e
noaiaie iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe i?anooieaiey, ee/iinoe ae-
iiaiiai e ianoiyoaeuenoaai aeaea, niya/athuei eee ioya/ath-
uei ioaaonoaaiiinoue (no. 37 OE).

Ieaioiu e noaeaaiua eieeaaee Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? e
Aa?oiaiuo Noaeia nithciuo ?anioaeee nenoaiaoe/anee ia?a-
uatho aieiaiea ieaeanoiyueo noaeia ia iaiaoiaeeiinoue iie-
iiai e ananoi?iiiaai oyniaiey ioya/athueo e niya/athueo ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, eae e anao aeaiiuo, oa?aeoa?ecothueo ee/iinoue

76

iaaeiyaiiai41. I?e/ai iaiieiia auyniaiea oaeeo ianoiy-
oaeuenoa ?anniao?eaaaony a niioaaonoaothuee ‘neo/ayo eae in-
iiaaiea aeey aica?auaiey aeaea ia aeiiieieoaeueiia ?anneaaei-
aaiea eee ia iiaia noaeaaiia ?anniio?aiea.

…JB niioaaonoaee n i. 4 no. 68 OIE iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue
^oa?aeoa? e ?acia? oua?aa, i?e/eiaiiiai i?anooieaieai.
lllo naiaio oa?aeoa?o oua?a iiaeao auoue ii?aeueiui, oece/a-
neei eee iaoa?eaeueiui. A iineaaeiai neo/aa neaaeoao onoaii-
aeoue aai oi/iue ?acia?, en/eneyy oaeiaie ai anao ?aaeueii
eiathueo ianoi oi?iao i?iyaeaiey (iai?eia?, n?ua ii ae-
ia ?anoeoeoaey nioeeaeenoe/aneie nianoaaiiinoe ieaiiauo ca-
aeaiee; ?acia? cao?ao, naycaiiuo n ea/aieai iioa?iaaoaai,
e ae?.). Iaiaoiaeeii i?e yoii oynieoue i?e/eiioth naycue iaae-
aeo iauanoaaiii iianiui aeayieai iaaeiyaiiai e oai eiie-
?aoiui oua?aii, i eioi?ii eaeao ?a/ue. Iaiyooy ia iayca-
oaeueiii aiciauaiee oua?aa, i?e/eiaiiiai i?anooieaieai,
ioaeii nia?aoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea oaeo iaee-
/ey o iaaeiyaiiai oeaiiinoae ‘eee eiouanoaa, eioi?ua iiaoo
auoue ia?auaiu aeey aiciauaiey ^neaaenoaee niaa?oaiiiai
i?anooieaiey. Neaaeoao onoaiiaeoue, ia ‘auee ee iie ‘i?eia?a-
oaiu i?anooiiui iooai.

_”– Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? e ?NON? oeacuaatho ia oi, /oi au-
yniaiea oa?aeoa?a e ?acia?a oua?aa, i?e/eiaiiiai i?anooi-
eaieai, eiaao cia/aiea ia oieueei aeey i?aaeeueiiai i?eiaia-
iey oaieiaiiai caeiia, ii?aaeaeaiey noaiaie aeiu e ia?u ia-
eacaiey, ii e aeey io?aiu eioa?ania iioa?iaaoeo, ainnoaiia-
eaiey eo i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania, ia?ooaiiuo i?anooi-
eaieai 42.

/Iaeiiaoe, niaeanii no. 68 OIE, auyniaieth iiaeeaaeao oae-
(aea ianoiyoaeuenoaa, niinianoaiaaaoea niaa?oaieth i?anooiea-
j iey. E eo /eneo iiaeii ioianoe: ianoiyoaeuenoaa, niinianoai-
‘ aaaoea oi?ie?iaaieth aioeiauanoaaiiuo acaeyaeia e i?eau-
! /ae, i?aia?aciaaieth eo a i?anooiiue oiunae eee i?anooi-
i ioth iainoi?iaeiinoue, ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iaeaa/eaoea niaa?oa-
iea iauanoaaiii iianiiai aeayiey, e ae?. Onoaiiaeaiea oaeeo
‘ianoiyoaeuenoa aeieaeii ni/aoaoueny n i?eiyoeai ?aoeoaeueiuo

41 Ni., iai?eia?: Iinoaiiaeaiea Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?
. – , 1977, ? 2, n. 7-9. ,

42 Ni.: Aii?inu oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna a i?aeoeea Aa?oiaiiai Noaea
NNN? e Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?NON?. I” 1974, n. 19-20.

77

\?a? ii eo ono?aiaieth e , i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth Ae?oaeo i?anooi-

^^”oIouaiea eee iaaeinoaoi/iia oyniaiea iaeiiai ec ianoiy-
oaeuenoa i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no. 15 Iniia (no. 68 OIE), iaec-
aaaeii aea/ao iaiieiioo eee iaeiinoi?iiiinoue ?anneaaeiaaiey
(noaeaaiiai ?anniio?aiey). Iiyoiio i?e iaaiciiaeiinoe ain-
iieieoue aeiiouaiiua i?iaaeu a iineaaeothueo noaaeeyo i?i-
oeanna aeaei ii iauaio i?aaeeo aeieaeii auoue aica?auaii ia
iiiieieoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea eee ia iiaia noaeaaiia ?an-
niio?aiea Oyniaiea yoiai i?aaenoaaeyaony oai aieaa aaaeiui,^
/oi ec /enea ioiaiyaiuo a eannaoeeiiiii e iaaeci?iii ii?yae-
ea noaeaaiuo i?eaiai?ia, aieaa 50% ioiaiythony eiaiii ii-
oiio /oi a i?aaeuaeoueo noaaeeyo ia onoaiaaeeaaaony oeee ia-
i?aaeeueii onoaiaaeeaaaony oio eee eiie eiiiiiaio i?aaeiaoa

iieacuaaiee.

Aicieeaao aii?in: en/a?iuaaaony ee i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey

iacaaiiui e?oaii oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo

n/ 15 Iniia (no. 68 OIE)? . : , : ‘,

‘ Ia aeaiiue aii?in iu ioaa/aai io?eoeaoaeueii a neeo nea-
aeothueo niia?aaeaiee. V
1. Ii?iaoeaiia cae?aieaiea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaeey no. U

Iniia iineo iauee oa?aeoa?, iineieueeo: :

a\ ia eneeth/aao, a, iaiai?io, i?aaeiieaaaao ii?iaoeaiia

cae?aieaiea ii?aaeaeaiiuo iniaaiiinoae i?eiaieoaeueii e ia-
eioi?ui eaoaai?eyi oaieiaiuo Aeae (i i?anooieaieyo iani-
aa?oaiiieaoieo, ia iauanoaaiii iianiuo aeayieyo eeoe aeo-
oaaiiaieueiuo e ae?.);

a) no 15 Iniia eiie?aoece?oaony e ainiieiyaony niioaao-
noaothueie noaoueyie OIE nithciuo ?anioaeee. Oae, anee
i 2 no 15 Iniia aiai?eo i oii, /oi aeieacuaaieth iiaeeaaeeo
aeiiaiinoue iaaeiyaiiai a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, oi i. 2
no 68 OIE aeiaaaeyao: <...e iioeau i>. Anee i. ^
no 15 Iniia i?aaeoniao?eaaao ianoiyoaeuenoaa, aeeythuea ia
noaiaiue e oa?aeoa? ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaaeiyaiiai, oi i 3
no 68 OIE Ooi/iyao: <...oeacaiiua a no. e oe oaeaea eiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa oa ee iinoue iaaeiyaiiai>. Eiiiiiaioii i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey, ni-
aeanii no. 68 OIE, yaeythony ,. – ^Atheeaoaiue Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?>>
1977, ? l^’ 11-I7-

78

Iniia. Iiiai/eneaiiua ?acee/ey a ii?iaoeaiii cae?aiea-
iee eiiiiiaioia i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey eiatho ianoi e a
OIE ?acee/iuo nithciuo ?anioaeee;

a) ii?iaoeaii cae?aieaiiue e?oa oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa,
iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth, eiie?aoece?oaony a i?aeoeea oai-
eiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa i?eiaieoaeueii e iniaaiiinoyi
eaaeaeiai eiie?aoiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea.

Iaeuecy iiyoiio niaeaneoueny n ooaa?aeaeaieai i oii, /oi
aeaenoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai 44. I?aaeeueiaa, ii-aeaeeiiio, iieaaaoue, /oi
caeiiiaeaoaeue oi?ioee?oao ?iaeiaua naienoaa aeaiiiai i?aai-
aiai einoeoooa, i?aaeinoaaeyy i?aaii?eiaieoaeueiui i?aaiai
aiciiaeiinoue eo eiie?aoece?iaaoue n o/aoii ianoiyoaeuenoa
eaaeaeiai oaieiaiiai aeaea e ii?aaeaeaiiuo ninoaaia i?anooi-
eaiee 45.

2. A ea/anoaa i?aaiaie ii?iu, cae?aieaiiie no. 15 Iniia
(no. 68 OIE), i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey eiaao iauee e iauaiay-
caoaeueiue oa?aeoa?. Iauee a’oii niunea, /oi caeiiiaeaoaeue
?ani?ino?aiyao aai ia ana oaieiaiua aeaea e ia ana noaaeee
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. I?eiaieoaeueii e eaaeaeiio aeaeo e eaae-
aeie noaaeee i?ioeanna eiiiiiaiou i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey eii-
e?aoece?othony, iiaoo ainiieiyoueny, ii ie i?e eaeeo onei-
aeyo ia iiaoo noaeaoueny. Iniiaaieai iaiauaiey niioaaono-
aothueo eiiiiiaioia yaeyaony oi, /oi iniaaiiinoe oaieiaiuo
aeae, eae e noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, ia eneeth/atho iaee-
/ey a ieo iaueo naienoa, e /eneo eioi?uo ioiinyony i?aaeaea
anaai oa, eioiiua noi?ioee?iaaiu a no. 15 Iniia

(no. 68 OIE).

.3. Oieaa?naeueiue oa?aeoa? iniiaiuo eiiiiiaioia i?aaeia-
oa aeieacuaaiey -aeey anao oaieiaiuo aeae e anao noaaeee i?i-
oeanna ni/aoaaony n aai aeeiaie/iui oa?aeoa?ii a i?aeoeea
oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Yoi iaoiaeeo naia au?aaeaiea a
oii, /oi ?aaeueiue iauai i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ia eaaeaeie
noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna ia?ac?uaii naycai n aa caaea/a-
ie e iniaaiiinoyie. Oae, a noaaeee aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai
aeaea aieiaiea i?aaii?eiaieoaeueiuo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaa
eiioeaio?e?oaony aeaaiui ia?acii ia i.1 no. 15 Iniia (niau-
oea i?anooieaiey, aai ianoi, a?aiy e ae?oaea ianoiyoaeueno-
aa), /oi ia eneeth/aao, eiia/ii aea, oyniaiey ii aiciiaeiinoe

44 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, ,n. 140.

45 Ia yoii ni., iai?eia?: E i eaa y A. I. Niioiioaiea i?aaeaa?e-
oaeueiiai neaaenoaey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. I., 1975, n. 67; Io-
oei E. E. Oeac. ni/., n. 72.

79

anao ae?oaeo eiiiiiaioia i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey. A noaaeee
?anneaaeiaaiey aieiaiea neaaeiaaoaey nin?aaeioi/eaaaony ia
oyniaiee y a ?aaeo n ‘niauoeai i?anooieaiey aua- e aeiiaiin-
oe iaaeiyaiiai a aai niaa?oaiee, ioya/athueo eee niya/ath-
ueo aeio iaaeiyaiiai ianoiyoaeuenoa, aeaiiuo, oa?aeoa?ecoth-
ueo aai ee/iinoue, e ae?. Aeinoaoi/ii niiinoaaeoue eiiiiiaiou
iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth/aiey (no. 205 OIE) e noaeaaiiai i?e-
aiai?a (no. no. 313-314 OIE), /oiau iiiyoue ii?aaeaeaiioth
aeeiaieeo i?aaeiaoa aeieaauaaiey a noaaeee noaeaaiiai ?acae?a-
oaeuenoaa ii n?aaiaieth n i?aaeiaoii aeieacuaaiey a noaaeee

i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey46.

Niioaaonoaaiii oa?ieiieiaee, oiio?aaeyaiie aeaenoaothuei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, a i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a i?eiyoi ?aca?aie-
/eaaoue iiiyoey ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth, e
eiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, ‘eiathueo cia/aiea aeey aeaea, i?aaeoniio-
?aiiuo, iai?eia?, no. no. 20, 21, 69, 74, 75, 76, 131, 205, 276
OIE e ae?. Ia aeeth/ay a iauai i?aae-
iaoa aeieacuaaiey, iaeioi?ua aaoi?u ioiinyo eo oi ee e /en-
eo i?iiaaeooi/iuo, o. a. oaeeo, eioi?ua, ia aoaeo/e i?aaeoniio-
?aiu no. 15 Iniia (no. 68 OIE), niaeaenoaotho onoaiiaeaieth
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aeaiiie ii?iie oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa47,
oi ee e /eneo oaeeo, eioi?ua a ioee/ea io ianoiyoaeuenoa, ni-
noaaeythueo i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey, iiaoo, ii ia iaycaoaeueii

aeieaeiu auoue aeieacaiu48.

I?ioea aeeth/aiey a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey oae iacuaaa-
iuo ianoiyoaeuenoa auneacuaathony naiua
?acee/iua a?aoiaiou. Aiai?yo i oii, /oi aniiiiaaoaeueiua
(i?iiaaeooi/iua) ianoiyoaeuenoaa naie ii naaa ia eiatho th?e-
aee/aneiai cia/aiey, /oi iie ninoaaeytho ia oeaeue, a n?aaenoai
aeieacuaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, eiathueo th?eaee/aneia cia/aiea,
/oi n i?iiaaeooi/iuie ianoiyoaeuenoaaie i?aaii?eiaieoaeue-
iua i?aaiu ano?a/athony ia ai anao aeaeao, a oieueei a oao,
aaea eiathony einaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa, i?e oii, /oi i?aaeiao
aeieacuaaiey ‘yaeyaony aaeeiui oi anai aeaeai e o. a.49.

46 Ni.: A?naiueaa A. Ae. Aeieacuaaiea oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
aeaea a ioaeaeueiuo noaaeeyo niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. – A ei.:

Aii?inu ai?ueau n i?anooiiinoueth ii niaaoneiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao. E?-
eoone, 1969. (O?oaeu E?eooneiai oi-oa, o. 45, aui. 8, /. IV); EieaeeyA.ss-
O?iaie oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. – , 1975, ? 11.

47 Ni., iai?eia?: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?i-
oeanna, n. 141.

48 Ni., iai?eia?: Oaeaiia I. I. Oai?ey oeee. I., 1960, n. 16.

49 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 143;

80

Ana yoe noaeaeaiey, iaeiaei, naeaeaoaeuenoaotho i iiaeeaaeaueo
o/aoo ?acee/iuo aeaeao e naienoaao eiiiiiaioia i?aaeiaoa
aeieacuaaiey, ii ia i oii, /oi iaeioi?ua ec ieo auoiaeyo ca

aai i?aaeaeu.

Iineieueeo iiae i?aaeiaoii aeieacuaaiey ii oaieiaiiio aea-
eo iu iiieiaai oaeou e ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iiaeeaaeauea aeiea-
cuaaieth, iinoieueeo ana iie, eiathuea cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeue-
iiai ?anniio?aiey e ?ac?aoaiey aeaea, iiaeeaaeao aeieacuaa’
ieth e, oai naiui, aoiaeyo a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey.

Enoiaey ec oiaeaeanoaa iiiyoee i?aaeiaoa iiciaiey e i?aae-
iaoa aeieacuaaiey, ec oiai, /oi 50, iu ia iiaeai ni-
aeaneoueny n ?aca?aie/aieai yoeo iieyoee a caaeneiinoe io
iauaia iiciaaaaiuo oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa. A yoii neo/aa ‘
i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ia?aie/eaaaony e?oaii ianoiyoaeuenoa,.
oeacaiiuo a no. 68 OIE e a oao noaoueyo OIE, eioi?ua i?a-
aeoniao?eaatho ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea iniaia cia/aiea ii
ioaeaeueiui eaoaai?eyi oaieiaiuo aeae (i i?anooieaieyo ia-
niaa?oaiiieaoieo, ia iauanoaaiii iianiuo aeayieyo eeoe aeo-
oaaiiaieueiuo e ae?.). Aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiua aea oaeou, eae e
eiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eiathuea cia/aiea ii aeaeo, ii auoi-
aeyuea ca i?aaeaeu i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey, aeeth/athony a oae

iacuaaaiue i?aaeiao iiciaiey51.

N iiceoeee oeacaiiie iaie iinueee, oi?ioee?iaaiea aeaoo

i?aaeiaoia – aeieacuaaiey e iiciaiey – i?aaenoaaeyaony ia-
neieueei eneonnoaaiiui, a ii nouanoao iaii?aaaeaiiui.

Ca aeeth/aiea a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey anao ianoiyoaeuenoa,
“eiathueo cia/aiea aeey i?aaeeueiiai ?anniio?aiey e ?ac?a-
oaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea (a oii /enea e aniiiiaaoaeueiuo, i?i-
iaaeooi/iuo), naeaeaoaeuenoaotho, iiieii neacaiiiai, aua e

neaaeothuea a?aoiaiou:

1. Eae auei oeacaii auoa, aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii i?i-
oeanna anaaaea i?aaeiieaaaao eiae/aneee iooue io ecaanoiiai, oi-
ai, /oi onoaiiaeaii ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo, e iaecaanoiiio, o. a.
e oiio, /oi aua ia iiciaii, ii aeieaeii auoue iiciaii. Niio-
aaonoaaiii, a i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey ?aca?aie/aiea iaaeaeo

A? naa ueaa ‘A. Ae. Aii?inu iauae oai?ee noaeaaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, n. 23;

Oeueyiiaa A. O. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa noaeii ia?aie ‘einoaioeee. I.,

1959, n. 31, e ae?.

50No,?iaiae/ I. N. Eo?n niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, o. I,

n. 235.

5! Ni.: Eocaei E. I. Iaoiaeieiae/aneea i?iaeaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey.

I., 1973, n. 22-23.

81

6, Caeac ? 11506

oae iacuaaaiuie e ianoiy-
oaeuenoaaie i?aaenoaaeyaony e?aeia oneiaiui, iineieueeo eth-
.aia ec eiathueo cia/aiea ii aeaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, aoaeo/e aei-
eacaii, noaiiaeony eae au i?iiaaeooi/iui a ea/anoaa n?aae-
. noaa onoaiiaeaiey ae?oaeo, aua ia iiciaiiuo, ii oaeaea
yiathueo nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea ii aeaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa.

2. H’e oieueei ,
aei e , eiathuea cia/aiea ii aeaeo,-
th?eaee/anee cia/eiu. Ia anaaaea eiay i?yiia aeeyiea ia
?aoaiey, i?eieiaaiua ii iniiaiui aii?inai oaieiaiiai
.aeaea, iie oai ia iaiaa iiaeeaaeao iaycaoaeueiiio o/aoo i?e
iino?iaiee aa?nee, i?e ii?aaeaeaiee iiaeneaaenoaaiiinoe e
iiaenoaeiinoe, i?e eca?aiee iaoiaeeee e oaeoeee neaaenoaai-
iuo (noaeaaiuo) aeaenoaee e ae?. Yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa i?aaeii?a-
aeaeytho e niioaaonoaothuea ?aoaiey i?aaio?eiaieoaeueiuo

i?aaiia, iai?eia?, i iacia/aiee noaeaaii-ineoeao?e/aneie,

noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineie, noaeaaii-ineoieiae/aneie yenia?oecu
ae ae?. Eiaiii iiyoiio, ia ia?aie/eaaynue ii?iaoeaiui ca-
e?aieaieai ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth (no. 15
Iniia, no. 68 OIE), caeiiiaeaoaeue oeacuaaao aua e ia oaeea,
‘.eiathuea cia/aiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo ianoiyoaeuenoaa, eae
aeaiiua i ee/iinoe iioa?iaaoaai, i acaeiiioiioaieyo iaae-
aeo naeaeaoaeai e iaaeiyaiui, naeaeaoaeai e iioa?iaaoei
(no. 74 OIE), iioa?iaaoei e iaaeiyaiui (no. 75 OIE), ia

ianoiyoaeuenoaao, iineoaeeaoeo iniiaaieai aeey caaea?aeaiey
eiaeic?aaaaiiai eee i?eiaiaiey e iaio ia?u i?ana/aiey
eee aeey i?eiyoey i?aaiaie aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey,
i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea niioaaonoaothueo ?aoaiee. Oae, oaieiaiia
aeaei iiaeao auoue aicaoaeaeaii oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea , oeacuaathuea ia i?eciaee i?anooiea-
iey (no. 108 OIE). I?eaea/aiea eeoea a ea/anoaa iaaeiyaii-
ai aiciiaeii ia eia/a, eae i?e iaee/ee , aeathueo iniiaaiea aeey i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey
a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey (no. 143 OIE). Ieii/aiea i?aae-
aa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey n iai?aaeaieai iaoa?eaeia aeaea
a noae aeey i?aaeaiey iaaeiyaiiai noaeo aeiionoeii eeoue oia-
aea, eiaaea nia?aiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa aeinoaoi/iu aeey yoiai
(no. no. 200, 201, 205, 213, 214 e ae?. OIE). Iaeiei ec aaaeiae-
oeo aii?inia, iiaeeaaeaueo ?anniio?aieth a noaaeee i?aaeaiey
noaeo, yaeyaony aii?in i oii, (no. 222 OIE). Iaaeieoaeueiue i?eaiai? noaea ia
iiaeao auoue iniiaai ia i?aaeiieiaeaieyo e iinoaiiaeyaony eeoue
i?e oneiaee, anee i?iaa?aiiuie a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee aeai-
iuie (no. 309 OIE). Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?

86

:a iinoaiiaeaiee io 30 ethiy 1969 a..
oeacae, /oi oioy ii aieueoeinoao oaieiaiuo aeae i?eaiai?u
e auiinyony a no?iaii niioaaonoaee n caeiiii, oai ia iaiaa-
ec-ca iiaa?oiinoiiai e iaiieiiai enneaaeiaaiey aeieaca-
oaeuenoa e ae?oaeo ia?ooaiee caeiia ana aua ano?a/athony neo-
/ae iacaeiiiuo iaiainiiaaiiuo i?eaiai?ia54. ?anniao?eaay
iaeiinoi?iiiinoue eee iaiieiioo aeiciaiey, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
eee noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey a ea/anoaa iniiaaiey e ioiaia eee-
eciaiaieth i?eaiai?a (no. 342 OIE), caeiiiaeaoaeue oeacuaa-.
ao, /oi iaeiinoi?iiiinoue eee iaiieiioa eiatho ianoi ai any-
eii neo/aa oiaaea, eiaaea ia auee aeii?ioaiu eeoea, /uee iiea-
caiey ‘ea?atho nouanoaaiioth ?ieue a aeaea, eee ya auea i?i-
aaaeaia yenia?oeca, eiaaea aa i?iaaaeaiea ii caeiio iaycaoaeue-
ii, ia auee eno?&aiaayu aeieoiaiou eee aaua’no1aai;iua aei-
eacaoaeuenoaa, eiathuea nouanoaaiiia cia/aiea, e ae?..
(no. 343 OIE).

Niioaaonoaaiii, anee iao aeinoaoi/iuo aeaiiuo (aeieaca-
oaeuenoa) aeey aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea, auiineony iinoa-
iiaeaiea ia ioeaca a aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea (no. EC-
OIE). Anee a ?acoeueoaoa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey
ia nia?aii aeinoaoi/ii aeieacaoaeuenoa, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo ni-
auoea i?anooieaiey, ninoaa i?anooieaiey eee aeiiaiinoue a
oii iaaeiyaiiai, aeaei aica?auaaony ia aeiiieieoaeueiia ?an-
neaaeiaaiea (i. no. 211, no. 232 OIE), a i?e iaaiciiaeii-
noe ainiieieoue iauai aeieacaoaeuenoa – i?ae?auaaony (no. no.
208, 234 OIE). Anee a iiaeaioiaeoaeueiie /anoe noaeaaiiai
?acae?aoaeuenoaa noae i?eoiaeeo e auaiaeo i iaaiciiaeiinoe neo-
oaoue aeaei ii nouanoao aneaaenoaea iayaee a noaeaaiia cana-
aeaiea eiai-eeai ec aucaaiiuo eeoe eee a nayce n iaiaoiaee-
iinoueth eno?aaiaaiey iiauo aeieacaoaeuenoa, noae ioeeaaeuaaao
?acae?aoaeuenoai e i?eieiaao ia?u e auciao iayaeaoeony
eeoe eee eno?aaiaaieth iiauo aeieacaoaeuenoa (no. 257 OIE).
I?e iaaeinoaoi/iinoe nia?aiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa noae iai?aaey-
ao aeaei aeey i?iecaiaenoaa aeiiieieoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey
(no. 258 OIE). Anee nia?aiiuie e i?iaa?aiiuie a noaeaa-
iii canaaeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoaaie ia iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony niau-
oea i?anooieaiey, ninoaa i?anooieaiey eee o/anoea iiaeno-
aeeiiai a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, noae iinoaiiaeyao ii?aa-
aeaoaeueiue i?eaiai? (no. 309 OIE), i?e/ai iinooiaao oae e
a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea eiaao ianoi aunieay noaiaiue aa?iyoii-

54 Ni.: Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?
I, 1974, n. 580-582.

87

noe oiai, /oi i?anooieaiea niaa?oee iaaeiyaiue (iiaenoaee-
iue) . A iniiaa yoiai – aeaenoaea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe,
i eioi?ie (a nayce n aeieacuaaieai) ?a/ue iieaeao iniai.
Caeanue eeoue caiaoei, /oi eiaiii a neeo i?acoiioeee iaae-
iiaiinoe, a neeo oiai, /oi iaaeiyaiue (iiaenoaeeiue) i?ecia-
aony iaaeiiaiui, iiea aai aeiiaiinoue ia aoaeao onoaiiaeaia
aaneeie e oaaaeeoaeueiuie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, iaaeieacaiiay
aeiiaiinoue ?anniao?eaaaony a ea/anoaa aeieacaiiie iaaeiia-
iinoe.

Caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eaioe?oao i?aaiu aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey,
i?ieo?aoo?u, noaea ia iaiaoiaeeiinoue eniieueciaaiey ii aea-
eo anao aeieacaoaeuenoa, eioi?ua iiaoo eiaoue cia/aiea aeey
aai caeiiiiai e iainiiaaiiiai ?ac?aoaiey. Oae, ie neaaei-
aaoaeue, ie noae ia ai?aaa ioeacaoue o/anoieeai i?ioeanna a
oaeiaeaoai?aiee oiaeaoaenoa i aeii?ina naeaeaoaeae, i?iecaiae-
noaa yenia?oecu e ae?oaeo neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee
ii niae?aieth e enneaaeiaaieth aeieacaoaeuenoa, anee ianoiy-
oaeuenoaa, ia onoaiiaeaiee eioi?uo iie oiaeaoaenoaotho, iiaoo
eiaoue cia/aiea ii aeaeo (no. no. 131, 204, 276 OIE). Ia?o-
oaiea yoiai o?aaiaaiey, iiaeaeoaa iaeiinoi?iiiinoue eee
iaiieiioo aeiciaiey, i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai eee noaeaaiiai neaae-
noaey, aucuaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue ioiaiu noaeaaiiai i?eaiai?a
n iai?aaeaieai aeaea ia aeiiieieoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea eee
ia iiaia noaeaaiia ?anniio?aiea (no. no. 343, 348 OIE);

Oyniaiea yoiai ianoiyoaeuenoaa i?aaenoaaeyaony oai aieaa
aaaeiui, /oi ‘a /enea (i?e/ei iaaetheiiai onoaiiaeaiey eiiii-
iaioia i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey iaeaieueoee oaeaeueiue aan ni-
noaaeyao ia i?iaaaeaiea noaeii oaeeo i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee,
eae aeii?in naeaeaoaeae, iieacaiey eioi?uo iiaoo eiaoue no-
uanoaaiiia cia/aiea, e yenia?oeca ‘i?e iaee/ee aaaeiuo e
oiio iniiaaiee.

Oai aieueoaa oaeeaeaiea aucuaaao i?aaeeiaeaiea I. O. Iau-
\eaae/a i i?aaeinoaaeaiee noaeo i?aaa nie?auaoue noaeaaiia
neaaenoaea a neo/ayo, eiaaea ii i?eciaao iieo/aiioth aeieaca-
oaeuenoaaiioth eioi?iaoeeth aeinoaoi/iie aeey i?aaeeueiiai
?ac?aoaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea55.

Niioaaonoaothuay ii?ia auea ecaanoia ?aiaa aeaenoaoth-
uaio oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao. Oae, ni-

55 Ni.: Iaoeaae/ I. O. ?aoeeiiaeueiia enneaaeiaaiea e eniieueci-
aaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. – I?iaeaiu niaa?-
oainoaiaaiey niaaoneiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. I., 1976, n. 175 (O?oaeu
AIEENC, ? 5).

88

aeanii no. 282 OIE ?NON? 1924 a., anee iiaenoaeeiue niaea-
oaeny n ianoiyoaeuenoaaie, eceiaeaiiuie a iaaeieoaeueiii
caeeth/aiee, i?eciaaae i?aaeeueiui i?aaeuyaeaiiia aio iaae-
iaiea e aeaaae iieacaiey, noae iia ia i?iecaiaeeoue aeaeueiaeoa-
ai noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey e ia?aeoe e auneooeaaieth i?aiee
noi?ii.

Yoa ii?ia, iaiaeiie?aoii iiaeaa?aaaiay a ia?eiae aa aeae-
noaey ?aceie e?eoeea, auea ioaa?aiooa iuia aeaenoaothuei
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, /oi neaaeoao
i?eciaoue aiieia ii?aaaeaiiui ii iaiueoae ia?a a neeo o?ao
iniiaaiee. Ai-ia?auo, noaay aii?in i nie?auaiee noaeaaiiai
neaaenoaey a caaeneiinoue io i?eciaiey eee iai?eciaiey ia-
aeiyaiui naiae aeiu, caeiiiaeaoaeue yaii ia?aioeaieaae ?ieue
oaeiai i?eciaiey, i?eaeaaae aio i?aoaaee/aiiia cia/aiea.
A ianoiyueo oneiaeyo yoi ieacaeinue au a i?yiii i?ioeai?a-
/ee n ii?iaoeaiui aeicaieaieai i?eaeaaaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaai-.
iia cia/aiea i?eciaieth iaaeiyaiui naiae aeiu oieueei i?e
oneiaee, anee iii iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony niaieoiiinoueth eiathueo–
ny ii aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoa (no. 77 OIE). Ai-aoi?uo, nie?aua-
iea noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey eae ii yoiio, oae e ii ethaiio ae?o-
aiio iniiaaieth, ieacaeinue au a i?ioeai?a/ee n o?aaiaaieai
caeiia iniiauaaoue noaeaaiue i?eaiai? eeoue ia oao aeieaca-
oaeuenoaao, eioi?ua ?anniio?aiu a noaeaaiii canaaeaiee (no.
301 OIE) n niaethaeaieai ananoi?iiiinoe, iieiiou e iauae-
oeaiinoe enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea (no. 20 OIE).
Iaecaaaeii naycaiiia n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ainiieiyoue i?iaaeu
noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey iaoa?eaeaie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?annea-
aeiaaiey, oeacaiiia i?aaeeiaeaiea iaianei au na?ueaciue o?ii
i?eioeeio iaiin?aaenoaaiiinoe, eioi?iio I. O. Iaoeaae/ ia-
iniiaaoaeueii i?eaeaao cia/aiea aoi?inoaiaiiiai, aniiiiaa-
oaeueiiai56. Caiaoei, /oi ?aca?aie/aiea i?eioeeiia oaieiaiiai
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ia aeaaiua e aoi?inoaiaiiua aeieaeii auoue
i?eciaii i?eioeeieaeueii iaaa?iui. – principi-
um – iniiaa, iniiaiiieaaathuaa ia/aei. Ana i?eioeeiu a eo
niaieoiiinoe, eae e eaaeaeue a ioaeaeueiinoe, au?aaeatho naiia
aeaaiia, iaeaieaa nouanoaaiiia a niaaoneii oaieiaiii noaei-
L i?iecaiaenoaa. Ia?ooaiea ethaiai ec ieo aeieaeii ?anniao?e-
aaoueny a ea/anoaa iniai na?ueaciiai ia?ooaiey caeiia, aea-
eouaai i?aaeoniio?aiiua OIE (iai?eia?, no. no. 332, 379)
iineaaenoaey. E, a-o?aoueeo, nie?auaiea noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey
iaecaaaeii iiaeaeei au nieaeaiea ainieoaoaeueiiai yooaeoa

56 Ni.: oai aea, n. 168.

89

noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa, eae e oaaaeeoaeueiinoe noaeaaiiai>
i?eaiai?a aeey i?enoonoaothueo a caea noaeaaiiai canaaeaiey
a?aaeaeai57.

Eae neaaeoao ec neacaiiiai, iaiainiiaaiiia noaeaiea
i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey iiaeao iiaea/ue iaiieiioo e iaeiinoi-
?iiiinoue ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa, o. a.
oaeia iieiaeaiea, i?e eioi?ii oa eee ae?oaea yeaiaiou i?aae-
iaoa aeieacuaaiey ieaaeoony ia onoaiiaeaiiuie eee onoa-
iiaeaiiuie iiaa?oiinoii, iaiieii. Aeiiouaiiua i?iaaeu a
aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiii iaoa?eaea, aiineaaenoaee iaainiieiaiiua^
iiaoo i?aaeii?aaeaeeoue e iaaeinoaoi/ioth aeinoiaa?iinoue auai-
aeia a /anoe iniiaiuo aii?inia oaieiaiiai aeaea.

A oie ia?a, a eaeie iaaeiionoeii noaeaiea i?aaeaeia aeiea-
cuaaiey, iaii?aaaeaii e ‘eo ‘ecauoi/iia ?anoe?aiea, aeaeo-
uaa aeeth/aiea a aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiue iaoa?eae aeaiiuo, ia
eiathueo cia/aiey ii eiie?aoiiio aeaeo, ia o?aaothueo aeiea-
cuaaiey a neeo naiae i/aaeaeiinoe, onoaiaaeeaathueo oi, /oi
oaea. aeinoiaa?ii onoaiiaeaii ae?oaeie aeieacaoaeuenoaaie
e o. ae.58. *?acia?iia ?anoe?aiea i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey, ai-
i?aee o?aaiaaieth yeiiiie/iinoe oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna,
oneiaeiyao aeieacuaaiea e, /oi iniaaiii aeinaaeii, aea/ao ia-
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiua cao?aou ainoaea?noaaiiuo n?aaenoa a nayce,
iai?eia?, n io?uaii a?aaeaeai (naeaeaoaeae, niaoeeaeenoia,
yenia?oia, e ae?.) io eo iniiaiie ?aaiou. Yoi iaecaaaeii au-
cuaaao ie/ai ia ii?aaaeaiioth iaaeeeoaeueiinoue noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa, cia/eoaeueiia ioaeaeaiea iiiaioa iinoaiiaeaiey i?e-
aiai?a io niauoey i?anooieaiey, a eiia/iii n/aoa – iaiana-
iea o?iia oeaeyi (iniaaiii ainieoaoaeueiui) niaaoneiai oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna.

Eiaiii iiyoiio a eeoa?aoo?a ?acee/atho iaiaoiaeeiua
e oaeoe/anee eiathuea ianoi i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey. Aaaeii,
/oiau enneaaeiaaieth aue iiaeaa?aioo oaeie e?oa aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, eioi?ue aeaenoaeoaeueii iaiaoiaeei aeey aeinoiaa?iiai
oyniaiey anao eiiiiiaioia i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey n o/aoii
iniaaiiinoae eaaeaeiai eiie?aoiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea. Neaaeo-
ao niaeaneoueny n oai, /oi aaaeiaeoei oneiaeai iioeiaeueii-
ai i?eaeeaeaiey oaeoe/aneeo i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey e ia-

67 Ia yoi ia?auae aieiaiea E. Ae. Ia?eia, e?eoeeoy ?aiaa eiaa-
oee .ianoi ii?yaeie nie?auaiey noaeaaiiai’neaaenoaey (ni.: Ia?eia E. Ae.
Noaeaaiia neaaenoaea .a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1955, n. 62).

58 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 190-193.

90

Iaoiaeeiui . yaeyaony” ouaoaeueiia e i?iaeoiaiiia ieaie?i-
aaiea ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa59.

Eoae, i?aaeeueiia ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey (eia-
ao aieueoia i?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea. Ai-ia?auo, iii niaeaenoao-
ao oii?yaei/aieth niae?aiey e enneaaeiaaiey aeieacaoaeuenoa a

iau&ia, iaiaoiaeeiii aeey oi?ie?iaaiey o i?aaenoaaeoaeae
ae?aaii?eiaieoaeueiuo i?aaiia aeinoiaa?iuo auaiaeia ioii-
neoaeueii eiiiiiaioia i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey. Ai-aoi?uo, iii
niinianoaoao i?eiaiaieth iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiuo e a oi aea
a?aiy yeiiiie/iuo n?aaenoa niae?aiey e eniieueciaaiey aei”.
ea’3’aoaeuenoaa.iiie eioi?iaoeee. A-o?aoueeo, ‘i?aaeeueiia ii?a-
aeaeaiea i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey-iaiaoiaeeiia oneiaea iaan-
ia/aiey aeinoaoi/iie aeoaeiu iiciaiey ‘niioaaonoaothuee ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, eae e iaiaoiaeeiie iaaeaaeiinoe e oaaaeeoaeueii-
noe ?acoeueoaoia oaeiai iiciaiey. A iinoaiiaeaiee , Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? aua
?ac ia?aoee aieiaiea noaeia ia iaiaoiaeeiinoue 60.

‘ Ianiio?y ia aieueoia cia/aiea aeaiiiai aii?ina, ii ia-
aeinoaoi/ii enneaaeiaai a th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a.

A i?aaeuaeouea aiaeu aii?in i i?aaeaeao aeieacuaaiey ee-
ai aiiaua ia noaaeeny, eeai, anee e noaaeeny, oi ioiaeaea-
noaeyeny n aii?inii i i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey.

Aaoi? ‘ia?aie a niaaoneie [i?aaiaie eeoa?aoo?a iiiia?a-
oey, iinayuaiiie i?aaeaeai aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii i?i-
‘. oeanna, A. I. Ieiueeianeee ienae, /oi, ianiio?y ia ii?aaeaeai-
ioth ?acieoeo a iauai cia/aiee iiiyoee i?aaeiaoa e i?aaeaeia

aeieacuaaiey, ii eniieuecoao yoe iiiyoey eae eaeaioe/iua61.
Ia aeaeeo naiinoiyoaeueiiai cia/aiey ca einoeoooii i?aaeaeia
aeieacuaaiey e I. N. No?iaiae/, oeacuaay ia oi, /oi ii?aaea-
eaiea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey icia/aao ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaea-

62

eia e iai?aaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey ii aeaeo”.

59 Ni.: ssE i eaa y A. I. Niioiioaiea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e
noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa. I., 1975, n. 72.

? , 1976, ? 3, n. 8.

61 Ni.: Ieiueeianeee A. I. I?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey’ a niaaoneii
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1956, n. 4. Yoo oi/eo c?aiey nai aaoi? iiaeaa?-
aaao e?eoeea a ei.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?i-
oeanna, n. 188.

62 Ni.: No?iaiae/ I, N. Eo?n niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna,
o. I, n. 361.

91

Iao aaeeiiai iiieiaiey i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey e n?aaee
aaoi?ia, i?eaeathueo aeaiiiio i?aaiaiio einoeoooo ioiine-
oaeueii naiinoiyoaeueiia cia/aiea. Iaeioi?ua ec ieo ‘.iiie-
iatho iiae i?aaeaeaie aeieacuaaiey iauai aeieacaoaeuenoa, ia-
iaoiaeeiuo aeey onoaiiaeaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, aoiaeyueo a
i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey63, ae?oaea – a?aieoeu onoaiiaeaiey e
/ enneaaeiaaiey oaeoia, neoaeaueo aeieacaoaeuenoaaie64,
o?a/uee-iaiaoiaeeioth aeoaeio enneaaeiaaiey niioaaonoao-
thueo ianoiyoaeuenoa65, /aoaa?oua-e a?aieoeu aeieacuaaiey,
au?aaeathuea iieiioo i?iaa?yaiuo ii aeaeo aa?nee, e aeo-
aeio enneaaeiaaiey iiaeeaaeaueo onoaiiaeaieth oaeoia e ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, e iauai aeieacaoaeuenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey’aeinoi-
aa?iiai iiciaiey i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey e iainiiaaiey au-
aiaeia ei aeaeo66, e ae?. Nouanoaaiiui ‘iaaeinoaoeai iaeioi?uo ec
i?eaaaeaiiuo ii?aaeaeaiee i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey yaeyaony
ioiaeaeanoaeaiea nouanoaa naiiai einoeoooa n iineaaenoaeyie
aai i?eiaiaiey. E a?aieoeu onoaiiaeaiey niioaaonoaothueo
oaeoia ‘e ianoiyoaeuenoa, e aeoaeia ‘eo enneaaeiaaiey – yoi
ia i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey, a ?acoeueoao i?eiaiaiey oao eee eiuo
i?aaeaeia aeieacuaaiey. I?aaeaeu aea aeieacuaaiey i?aaenoaa-
eytho niaie oio 0’auai aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiiai iaoa?eaea, eioi-
?ue iaiaoiaeei oi eaaeaeiio eiie?aoiiio aeaeo aeey iaania/a-
iey iaiaoiaeeiuo a?aieoe iioeiaeueiie aeoaeiu e .iieiiou en-
neaaeiaaiey ‘niioaaonoaothueo oaeoia e ianoiyoaeuenoa.

Neaaeoao iieaaaoue, iaeiaei, /oi .iiiyoea .i?aaeaeia aeieacu-
aaiey ia iaeiicia/ii, a ?aciianiaeoii67. A oie ia?a, a eaeie
n?aaenoaaie iieo/aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa yaeythony i?ioeannoaeue-
, iua (neaaenoaaiiua e noaeaaiua) aeaenoaey, i?aaeaeu ioaaou-
aatho ia oieueei iauai eniieuecoaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, ii e iau-
.’ai i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey eo iieo/aiey.

63 Ni., iai?eia?: Oaieiaiue i?ioeann. Ioa. .?aae. I. N. Aeaenaaa,
A. 3. Eoeaoaae/, I. N. Yeueeeiae. I., 1972, n. 158; Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa
a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 187.

64 Ni.: Oeueyiiaa E. O. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa noaeii ia?aie ei-
noayoeee. I., 1959, n. 23.

85 Ni.: O a ianaa’e / A. A. I?aaeaeu e i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey ii oai-
eiaiiio aeaeo. – A ei.: I?aeoeea i?eiaiaiey iiaiai oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. I., 1962, n. 37; Niaaoneee oaieiaiue i?i-
oeann. Iiae ?aae. Ae. N. Ea?aaa. I., 1975, n. 121, e ae?.

66 Ni.: Oaoeoeeei O. I. Iauea i?iaeaiu i?ioeannoaeueiiai aei-
eacuaaiey. Eacaiue, 1973, n. 69.

67 Ia iiiaianiaeoiinoue aeaiiiai iiiyoey ia?auatho aieiaiea
I. A. AEiaei e O. I. Oaoeoeeei a ei.
(I., 1965, n. 105).

92

Aaaeii i?e yoii caiaoeoue, /oi i?aaeoniio?aiiue caeiiii ia-
?a/aiue i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee, iai?aaeaiiue ia niae?a-
iea, i?iaa?eo e ioeaieo aeieacaoaeuenoa, yaeyaony ia i?eaioe-
?iai/iui, a en/a?iuaathuei. Ii?aaeaeaiea iaiaoiaeeiiai iau-
aia ‘i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee aeey iieo/aiey niioaaonoaothueo
Aeieacaoaeuenoa ii eaaeaeiio eiie?aoiiio aeaeo aeiionoeii ia
eia/a eae a i?aaeaeao ii?iaoeaii o?aaoee?iaaiiuo i?ioean-
noaeueiuo aeaenoaee. Iaeuecy a yoii .niunea i?eciaoue i?a-
aeeueiui ‘ooaa?aeaeaiea ‘iaeioi?uo aaoi?ia i oii, /oi a eioa-
?anao yooaeoeaiie ai?ueau n i?anooiiinoueth e, a /anoiinoe,
iioeiaeueiiai eniieueciaaiey a yoeo oeaeyo iiaaeoeo aeinoeaea-
iee iaoee e oaoieee, i?aaenoaaeyaony aiciiaeiui auoiaeeoue
ca i?aaeaeu ii?iaoeaii o?aaoee?iaaiiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo
Aeaenoaee ca n/ao, iai?eia?, iiaeaee?iaaiey, ?aeiino?oeoeee,
i?iaa?ee iieacaiee ia ianoa (a oao ?anioaeeeao, a eioi?uo
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia i?aaeoniao?eaaao aeaiiia aeaenoaea a
/enea i?ioeannoaeueiuo) e ae?^.A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe aea, eniieue-
coaiua a aeaea aeicaieaiiuo i?eaiia i?e i?iecaiaenoaa i?aaeo-
niio?aiiuo caeiin-i neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee (ia-
i?eia?, ?aeiino?oeoeey – i?e i?iaaaeaiee neaaenoaaiiiai yenia-
?eiaioa, i?iaa?ea iieacaiee iaaeiyaiiai ia ianoa – a i?ioean-
na iniio?a e ae?.), iie iiaoo iieo/eoue a aeaeueiaeoai cia/aiea
naiinoiyoaeueiuo, ii ia eia/a eae i?e oneiaee ii?iaoeaii-
ai cae?aieaiey eo a oaeii ea/anoaa caeiiiaeaoaeai iaeiia?a-
iaiii n ii?iaoeaiui o?aaoee?iaaieai iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey yoi-
ai i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee69.

Auai? ec /enea i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii oaeeo neaaeno-
aaiiuo (noaeaaiuo) aeaenoaee e a oaeii iauaia, eioi?ue ia-
iaoiaeei aeey iieiiai, ananoi?iiiaai e iauaeoeaiiai enneaaei-
aaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa eiie?aoiiai oaieiaiiai aeaea, caaeneo
Eae io oa?aeoa?a e iauaia o?aaoaiuo ii aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoa,
oae e io iaoiaeeee e oaeoeee aai ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaii-
ai ?anniio?aiey.

Eoae, iiae i?aaeaeaie aeieacuaaiey neaaeoao iiieiaoue iau-
ai aeieacaoaeuenoa e iaiaoiaeeiuo, aeey__eo._iieo/aiey__neaaeno-

68 Ii., iai?eia?: Oeuioeia I. E. I?iaa?ea iieacaiee ia ianoa.
Na?aoia, 1971, n. 60-61; Auoianeee E. A., Eocaei E. I. ?aeii-
no?oeoeey eae naiinoiyoaeueiia neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea. – ,
1971, ? 3, n. 132 e ae.

69 I oii, /oi i?aia?aciaaiea niioaaonoaothueo i?eaiia a naiinoiy-
oaeueiua neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey ninoaaeyao ii?aaeaeaiioth caeiiiia?iinoue,
Ni.: Oaeoa? N. A. Nouiinoue e niiniau niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa a ni-
aaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1972, n. 96 e ae.

93

aaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee, iaania/eaathueo iieiia, an|
noi?iiiaa e iauaeoeaiia onoaiiaeaiea anao eiiiiiaioia i?aae-
iaoa aeieacuaaiey ii eaaeaeiio eiie?aoiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo. i;|

Iineieueeo i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey, eae auei ioia/aii au-
oa, auoiaeeo aeaeaei ca i?aaeaeu no. 15 Iniia (no. 68 OIE),
iinoieueeo e i?aaeaeu aeieacuaaiey ioaaouaatho aanue eiiieaen
aeieacaoaeuenoa e iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey eo- iieo/aiey i?ioean-
noaeueiuo aeaenoaee, iaania/eaathueo iieiia, ananoi?iiiaa e
.iauaeoeaiia onoaiiaeaiea iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth oaeoia
e ianoiyoaeuenoa ii oaieiaiui aeaeai (no. 15 Iniia, no. 68
OIE), o?aaothueo iniaiai aieiaiey ii ioaeae’ue’iu’i eaoaai-
?eyi aeae (no. no. 392, 403, 415 e ae?. OIE), e eiuo oaeoia e
ianoiyoaeuenoa (a oii /enea ), eiathueo
cia/aiea ii eaaeaeiio eiie?aoiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo.

AEAAA V

OAIEIAII-I?IOeANNOAEUeIIA AeIEACUAAIEA

1. Iiiyoea aeieacuaaiiy

O?oyii?e?ii? EAOEIUeO ? oa”o”ee”/ ^””^'””^”J^Tg’LJ^’

uanoaeyaony iin?aaenoaii aeieacuaaiey, eioi?ia caeeth/aaony
a niae?aiee, i?iaa?ea, ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, a iainiiaaiee
auaiaeia ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo.

Aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yaeyaony ?ac-
iiaeaeiinoueth iiciaiey /aeiaaeii ?aaeueii nouanoaothuae, .
iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. Iiciaiea a oaieiaiii noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue a ?aciuo aniaeoao: eae ;

onoaiiaeaiea iauaeoeaiie enoeiu (i /ai oea ?a/ue ai aoi-
?ie aeaaa eieae), eae iiciaaaoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue, iai?aa-
eaiioth ia onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu (yoiio aii?ino iinayuaia
ianoiyuay aeaaa eieae).

Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoae^iia iieycuayie?. iineo enneaaeiaaa
oaeue’nee’e~oa?aeaea?, iii iai?aaeaii ia auyniaiea^ i aaoeo
ianoi” niauoee,” ia iiciaiea oaeoia ?aaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueii-
noeAiA onoaiiaeaiea iauaeoeaiie enoeiu e iiae/eiaii iauei
‘caeiiiia?iinoyi .ia?enenonei-eaieineie oai?ee iiciaiey.
A. E. Eaiei ienae: 1. Eae e a ae?oaeo noa?ao iauanoaaiiiai iiciaiey a
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna 2. Aeeaeaeoe/aneee iooue iiciaiey iauaeoeaiie aeaenoae-
oaeueiinoe – yoi iooue 3.

A oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa aeieacuaaiea ia/eiaaony._n_
aeeaiai nica?oeaiey, yiie?e/aneiai, iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai _a?n-
i]ceyoey~oaeoia, e~ia?auo naaaeaiee i ieo neaaeiaaoaeyuu
.ae?oaeie eeoeaie.._iooean1aaeae.thuiie .aoeaeaauaeaiea. Iii__iai-
aauaaony caoai eiae/aneei, ?aoeeiiaeueiui iuoeaieai, iic-

1 E a i e i A. E. Iiee. nia?. ni/., o. 29, n. 163-164.

2 Oai aea, o. 18, n. 102.

3 Oai aea, o. 29, n. 152-153.

aieathcaeei ia?a?aaioaoue eioi?iaoeeth, i?iieeiooue a nouiinoue

eco/aaAEi?ae’~ssssOaiey. iiciaoue

i?anooieaiey, onoaiiaeoue iauaeoeaioth eaoeio^_0niiaie yoi,-
a? i?ioea^^aeiciai^y^^5^aaeeaiANoeiue[_yaaeaeaony_’i?aaeoe^
I?aeoeea^- iniiaa iiciaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, eiathueo cia-
/aiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. I?aeoeeie inouanoaeyaony e i?i-
aa?ea enoeiiinoe auaiaeia ia anao noaaeeyo i?ioeanna, io aic-
aoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea aei auianaiey i?eaiai?a, i?iaa?-
ea aai caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe. I?aeoeea a ?acee/iuo
aa i?iyaeaieyo aunooiaao eae e?eoa?ee enoeiiinoe auaiaeia
a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Oaeei e?eoa?eai i?aaeaea ana-
ai yaeyaony niaieoiiinoue oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, ia iniiaaiee
eioi?uo i?iaa?yaony enoeiiinoue noaeaeaiee i iaee/ee eee io-
noonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth ii oaieia-
iiio aeaeo. A. E. Eaiei n/eoae oaeou, iainiiauaathuea au-
aiae, e?eoa?eai enoeiiinoe auaiaea e ienae, a /anoiinoe, oa-
?aeoa?ecoy E. Ia?ena, /oi 4.
Oaeay ioeaiea oaeoia eae e?eoa?ey enoeiu, eo ?iee a i?i-
aa?ea iainiiaaiiinoe auaiaeia iieiinoueth ioiineony e e oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiio aeieacuaaieth.

Aeey aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa oa?ae-
oa?ii aaeeinoai /oanoaaiiiai, yiie?e/aneiai, ?aoeeiiaeueiiai,
eiae/aneiai, iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai e iiin?aaenoaiaaiiiai iicia-
iey. Iaeiaei eo aeeaeaeoe/aneia ‘aaeeinoai ia eneeth/aao ?ac-
ee/iuo o?iaiae iiciaiey. *oanoaaiiia iiciaiea i?iyaeyaony
a iaiin?aaenoaaiiii aini?eyoee oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
aeaea neaaeiaaoaeai e ae?oaeie eeoeaie, inouanoaeythueie aei-
eacuaaiea. Aeey yiie?e/aneiai iiciaiey oa?aeoa?ii ia oieue-
ei iaiin?aaenoaaiiia, ii e iiin?aaenoaiaaiiia aini?eyoea aeae-
noaeoaeueiinoe. Yoi, iai?eia?, i?ienoiaeeo i?e aeii?ina naeaea-
oaeae e ae?oaeo eeoe, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo iiin?aaenoaiaaiiui
iooai neaaeiaaoaeue, noae ociatho oaeoe/aneea ianoiyoaeuenoaa
aeaea. ?aoeeiiaeueiia iiciaiea inouanoaeyaony iooai ioeaiee
niaieoiiinoe oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iicaieythuae naeaeaoue au-
aiaeu i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, eiathueo cia-
/aiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo, iooai eiae/aneiai aiaeeca oaeoe-
/aneeo aeaiiuo, iieo/aiiuo yiie?e/aneei iooai.

Aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa – yoi ia
oieueei iiin?aaenoaiaaiiia, ii e iaiin?aaenoaaiiia iiciaiea.
Iineaaeiaa aiciiaeii a ioiioaiee ioaeaeueiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa,

4 E a e e i A. E. Iiei. nia?. ni/., o. 29, n. 302.

aoiaeyueo a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey .ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo: ii-,
neaaenoaee niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey, ianoa niaa?oaiey i?a-
nooieaiey, i?oaeee e n?aaenoa, i?e iiiiue eioi?uo niaa?oaii
i?anooieaiea, e iaeioi?uo ae?oaeo ianoiyoaeuenoa5. Ooaa?aeaea-
iea, /oi ‘i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea 6, ia niioaaonoaoao/ia?eneno-
iei-eaieineie oai?ee iiciaiey, niaeanii eioi?ie’ ethaia ii”:

ciaiea inouanoaeyaony yiie?e/aneei, iaiin?aaenoaaiiui e
?aoeeiiaeueiui, iiin?aaenoaiaaiiui ‘iooai. Ia niioaaonoaoao
iii e i?aeoeea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey; oi,
/oi neaaeiaaoaee i noaeuee iaeioi?ua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, aoiaeyuea
a i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey, aini?eieiatho iaiin?aaenoaaiii -”
i/aaeaeii. O. I. Oaoeoeeei io?eoeaao iaiin?aaenoaaiiue iooue.
iiciaiey ia oii iniiaaiee, /oi 7. Oi, /oi enoeia onoaiaaeeaaaony, a auaiaeu ii
aeaeo iainiiauaathony aeieacaoaeuenoaaie – aa?ii, ii yoi ia
ii?iaa?aaao aiciiaeiinoe iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai iiciaiey nea-
aeiaaoaeyie e noaeueyie ioaeaeueiuo oaeoia a i?ioeanna eo iaia-
?oaeaiey, ioai?a e niioaaonoaothuaai i?ioeannoaeueiiai ca-
e?aieaiey naaaeaiee i ieo. Neaaeoao caiaoeoue, /oi a ae?oaii
neo/aa O. A. Oaoeoeeei aeiioneaao iaiin?aaenoaaiiia iicia-
iea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eiaaea ieoao, /oi noaaiiia aini?eyoea oae eee eia/a iaee/anoaoao i?e auyaea- iee ethauo ianoiyoaeuenoa aiaoiaai .ie?a (a oii /enea i?e iiiiue naaaeaiee i ieo), iaeiaei iii ieeiaaea ia aeinoaoi/ii aeey iaaeeaaeauaai iiciaiey eo nouanoaa>8. Iineaaeiaa aa?ii,
oai aieaa aeey oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey, ii iaaei-
noaoi/iinoue /oanoaaiiiai, yiie?e/aneiai, iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai
iiciaiey naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i aai iaee/ee, a ia ia aai ionoo-
noaee a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii.i aeieacuaaiee.

Ethaia iiciaiea iniiaaii ia aaeeiuo iaoiaeieiae/aneeo
‘caeiiiia?iinoyo, ii aeey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia iiciaiey oa?aeoa?-

5 Ii.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I.,
1973, n. 291-293; Aaeeei ?. N., Aeiaa?a A. E. E?eieiaeenoeea e
aeieacuaaiea. I., 1969, n. 11-13; E o ?uea a N. A. Iniiau oai?ee aeiea-
cuaayey ‘a niaaoneii i?aainoaeee. Ieine, 1969, n. 9-24; Aei?ioia A. ss.,
Ieeieaaa A. N. Iainiiaaiiinoue i?eaiai?a. I., 1959, n. 37-40.

6 Oaoeoeeei O. I. Iauea i?iaeaiu i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeaeacuaa-
iey. Eacaiue, 1976, n. 16.

7 Oai aea.

8 Oai aea,n. 17.

200

yu e ii?aaeaeaiiua iniaaiiinoe. O/eouaay yoe iniaaiiinoe,
neaaeoao ioee/aoue iiciaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa io
iao/iiai, oai?aoe/aneiai iiciaiey. Yeaiaiou iao/iiai ii-
ciaiey i?enoue e oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiio iiciaieth.
Aiaae?aiea aeinoeaeaiee iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna a oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea niaeaenoaoao aieaa oniao-
iiio ?aoaieth caaea/ i?ioeanna. Oa?aeoa? iao/iiai enneaaei-
aaiey iiaeao iineoue, iai?eia?, aeayoaeueiinoue yenia?oa a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Ii a oaieiaii-‘i?ioeannoaeueii,i aei-
eacuaaiee i?aiaeaaeaao i?aeoe/aneia, a ia oai?aoe/aneia
iuoeaiea. I?aeoeea yaeyaony iniiaie e oai?aoe/aneiai ii-
ciaiey, ii aeey oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey iia eiaao
iniaia cia/aiea. Iia i?iiecuaaao ana oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iia aeieacuaaiea, eioi?ia anaaaea, a eaaeaeii neo/aa aeieaeii
caeai/eaaoueny .eiie?aoiuie i?aeoe/aneeie auaiaeaie (niaa?-
oaii eee ia niaa?oaii i?anooieaiea, aeiiaai eee iaaeii-
aai iaaeiyaiue e o. ae.).

Aiaeece?oy niioiioaiea oai?aoe/aneiai e oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey e ioia/ay, /oi iineaaeiaa – yoi i?ae-
oe/aneia iiciaiea, i?ecaaiiia auyaeoue a eiie?aoiia yaea-
iee iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea oaea iiciaiiuo nouiinoae,
I. O. Necyeei ieoao: 9. Yoi aa?iay oa?aeoa?enoeea iniaaiiinoe i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey. Aa e?eoeea E. I. Eocaeiui ia oii
iniiaaiee, /oi 10, i?aaenoaaeyaony ia oaaaeeoaeueiie. Oi, /oi neaaeiaaoaeue,
noae aeieaeiu iiciaoue nouiinoue eiie?aoiiai aeayiey aa?ii, ii
aa?ii e oi, /oi ei iaiaoiaeeii iiciaoue, yaeyaony ee iii eii-
e?aoiui .i?iyaeaieai iaeioi?ie nouiinoe, io?aaeaiiie a ii?-
ia i?aaa. A yoii, a /anoiinoe, iniaaiiinoue oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiiai ‘iiciaiey.

Oai?aoe/aneia iiciaiea e iiciaiea a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna

yNecyoei I. O. Nouiinoue e yaeaiea ‘a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. –
, 1968, n. 117.

th Eocae e E. I. Iaoiaeieiae/aneea i?iaeaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey. ,I.,
1973, n. 33.

201

ioee/athony ‘ii naiaio i?aaeiaoo e iaoiaeo. I?aaeiao oai?aoe-
/aneiai iiciaiey aaca?aie/ai, aai ninoaaeytho iiaua nouii-
noe, caeiiiia?iinoe ?acaeoey i?e?iaeu e iauanoaa. I?aaeiao
i?ioeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey ia?aie/ai i?aaeienaieyie oaieia-
iiai e oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiia, ii naycai ia n ii-
auie, a n oaea ‘iiciaiiuie nouiinoyie e au?aaeaiiuie a oa-
eeo iiiyoeyo, eae niauoea i?anooieaiey, aeia e ae?oaea ia-
noiyoaeuenoaa, .iiaeeaaeauea aeieacuaaieth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo..

Ioee/eoaeueiie /a?oie i?ioeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey a n?aaia-
iee n oai?aoe/aneei iiciaieai yaeyaony i?aaiaay ?aaeaiai-
oaoeey i?ioeanna iiciaiey e aiciiaeiinoe eniieueciaaiey oao
eee eiuo n?aaenoa a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa enoeiiinoe au-
aiaeia.

Caeii ?aaoee?oao aeayoaeueiinoue ii aeieacuaaieth ‘e oa io-
iioaiey, .eioi?ua aicieeatho iaaeaeo o/anoieeaie oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. I?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia aeiea-
cuaaiey niaeaenoaoao iiciaieth oaeoia, onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu
a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa i. Iia io?aaeaao iniiaiua ia-
oiaeieiae/aneea iieiaeaiey ia?enenonei-eaieineie oai?ee
iiciaiey. I?eia?ii yoiio yaeyaony ii?ia, i?aaeoniao?eaath-
uay iaycaiiinoue ananoi?iiiaai, iieiiai e iauaeoeaiiai en-
neaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea (no. 20 OIE). v

I?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia i?ecaaia iaania/eoue iaeaieaa
yooaeoeaiue, iioeiaeueiue ‘iooue iiciaiey a oaieiaiii noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa. N o/aoii iio?aaiinoae i?aeoeee e iao/iuo en-
neaaeiaaiee i?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia iinoiyiii ?acaeaaaony, ni-
aa?oainoaoy oai naiui e i?ioeann iiciaiey oaeoia, onoaiia-
eaiey iauaeoeaiie enoeiu.

Cia/aiea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu aeieacuaaiey ninoieo a
I oii, /oi iia ?aaeaiaioe?oao ana iniiaiua noi?iiu aeieacu-
.; aaiey. Caeii ii?aaeaeyao i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey, ianoiyoaeue-
noaa, iiaeeaaeauea aeieacuaaieth ii eaaeaeiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo
(no. 68 OIE). A caeiia iacaaiu n?aaenoaa, eioi?ua iiaoo
auoue eniieueciaaiu a oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacu-
aaiey, a /anoiinoe, ‘enoi/ieee oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo (no. 69
OIE); neaaenoaaiiua, noaeaaiua aeaenoaey, iai?aaeaiiua ia
onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu (no. 70 OIE e ae?.). Caeiiii onoaiia-
eai .e?oa eeoe, inouanoaeythueo aeieacuaaiea e o/anoaothueo
a iai; i?aaeoniio?aiu eo i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe, naycaiiua n
inouanoaeaieai aeieacuaaiey. Iaeioi?ua eeoea (iaaeiyaiue,
iioa?iaaoee e ae?.) iniai caeioa?aniaaiu a ?acoeueoaoao aei-

i Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 324-342.

-eacuaaiey ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo, a nayce n /ai caeiiii i?aaeo-
niio?aiu i?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee ‘caueou eo i?aa e eioa-
?ania a oiaea aeieacuaaiey. ?aaeaiaioe?iaai caeiiii e nai
i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey.

Niaethaeaiea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu aeieacuaaiey – iaeia
ec noi?ii iaania/aiey nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a auneacaiu ?acee/iua noaeaea-
iey i nouiinoe aeieacuaaiey, a /anoiinoe i oii, yaeyaony
ee iii eeoue i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth neaaeiaaoaey, noaea
ii niae?aieth aeieacaoaeuenoa eee eeoue eo iuneeoaeueiie aeay-
oaeueiinoueth, eee nouiinoue aeieacuaaiey eae a oie, oae e a
ae?oaie aeayoaeueiinoe 12. A oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa enoeia
onoaiaaeeaaaony e iin?aaenoaii i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe
ii niae?aieth aeieacaoaeuenoa e iin?aaenoaii eiae/aneie, iun-
eeoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, naycaiiie n aiaeecii aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Iiyoiio oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea iaiaoiaeeii
?anniao?eaaoue eae i?aeoe/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue, caeeth/ath-
uothny a i?iaaaeaiee neaaenoaaiiuo, noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee, ia-
i?aaeaiiuo ia iaia?oaeaiea, cae?aieaiea, i?iaa?eo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, e eae iuneeoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue, caeeth/athuothny
a ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, iainiiaaiee ?acoeueoaoia, auaiaeia
aeieacuaaiey.

A i?ioeannoaeueiie oai?ee auea i?aaei?eiyoa iiiuoea iain-
iiaaoue, /oi 13. Iniiaiua a?aoiaiou caeeth/aeenue
a oii, /oi aeieacuaaiea – yoi niaieoiiinoue i?ioeannoaeueiuo
aeaenoaee, ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiuo caeiiii, a iuneeoaeueiue
i?ioeann ia iiaeeaaeeo oaeiio ?aaoee?iaaieth; a oae aea a oii,
/oi ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa eae iuneeoaeueiue i?ioeann ioee/a-
aony io aeayoaeueiinoe ii niae?aieth e enneaaeiaaieth aeieaca-
oaeuenoa i.

I?aaiaua ii?.iu ia iiaeiaiytho caeiiu iuoeaiey, ii, ia-
niiiaiii, aeeytho ia oi, /oiau i?ioeann iuoeaiey niioaao-
noaiaae yoei caeiiai. I?eia?ii oaeeo ii?i iiaoo auoue ii?-

12 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 293-296; E o ?uea a N. A. Oeac. ni/., n. 24-37; A.?naiueaa A. Ae.
Aii?inu iauae oai?ee noaeaaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. I., 196(4, n. 5-114.

13 E o ?uea a N. A. Oeac. ni/., n. 29.

e Oai aea, n. 26-37. E?eoeeo yoeo noaeaeaiee N. A. Eo?ueaaa ‘ni.:

Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 294-296; Eoc-
ae y E. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 179.

iu, ii?aaeaeythuea i?aaeiao iuneeoaeueiiai i?ioeanna (no. 68
OIE), iniiaiua ia/aea ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa (no. 71 OIE),.
o?aaiaaiey, naycaiiua n iainiiaaieai e iioeae?iaeie i?i-
oeannoaeueiuo ?aoaiee (no. no. 205, 301 OIE e ae?.).

Ioeaiea, eae iaeei ec yeaiaioia i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey, an-
oanoaaiii, ioee/aaony io aai ae?oaeo yeaiaioia: niae?aiey,
i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa, ii ioi?aaoue aa io ae?oaeo yeaiaioia
aeieacuaaiey e auaanoe ca aai i?aaeaeu iaaiciiaeii. Yoi ia-
?ooeo aaeeinoai i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey; niae?aiea e i?iaa?ea
aeieacaoaeuenoa a io?uaa io eo ioeaiee nouanoaiaaoue ia iiaoo.
A oiaea niae?aiey e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa neaaeiaaoaee e
noaeuee a ii?aaeaeaiiie ia?a inouanoaeytho e eo ioeaieo.

Oa?aeoa?iie /a?oie iiciaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiae-
noaa yaeyaony oi, /oi iii ninoieo ia oieueei a auyaeaiee oae-
oe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa oaieiaiiai aeaea, a e a eo oaeinoiaa-
?aiee a ‘ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiii caeiiii. Oaeinoiaa?e-
oaeueiay noi?iia iiciaaaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe eiaao iniaia
cia/aiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. A oiaea oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey aaaeii ia oieueei iieo/eoue naa-
aeaiey i oaeoao. Aeey iieiiai iiciaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeea-
aeaueo aeieacuaaieth, aaaeii yoe naaaeaiey i oaeoao oaeinoi-
aa?eoue a ii?yaeea e niiniaii, (i?aaeoniio?aiiui caeiiii. Oaei-
noiaa?eoaeueiay noi?iia aeayoaeueiinoe a iiciaaaoaeueiii i?i-
oeanna niaeaenoaoao .i?iaa?ea ‘e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, oi?ie?i-
aaieth aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey o eeoe, inouanoaeythueo aeiea-
cuaaiea. Iia iicaieyao aeoeaii o/anoaiaaoue a i?iaa?ea aei-
eacaoaeuenoa anai ae?oaei noauaeoai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai aeieacuaaiey. Oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue iaania/e-
aaao iaiaoiaeeiua oneiaey aeey iainiiaaiey e iioeae?iaee
‘auaiaeia, eioi?ua niaea?aeaony a i?eieiaaiuo ?aoaieyo, a
oaeaea aeey i?iaa?ee caeiiiinoe e iainiiaaiiinoe yoeo ?a-
oaiee. Oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue niaeaenoaoao onoaiia-
eaieth iauaeoeaiie enoeiu, aeinoiaa?iinoe iieo/aiiuo a oiaea
aeieacuaaiey ciaiee.

A oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiie oai?ee aa?ii ioia/aaony ia-
niaiaaeaiea iiiyoee enoeiiinoe e aeinoiaa?iinoe15. Enoeia –
yoi niioaaonoaea iaoaai ciaiey iauaeoeaiie aeaenoaeoaeueii-
noe, a aeinoiaa?iinoue – aua e iainiiaaiiinoue yoiai ciaiey.
Iaeiaei n oi/ee c?aiey i?aeoeee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai-
aeieacuaaiey iaeuecy n/eoaoue enoeio onoaiiaeaiiie, anee iia

15 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 287-288. . .

204

ia iainiiaaia. A yoii niunea i?aa I. N. No?iaiae/, ooaa?ae-
aeay, /oi a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iiiyoea 16.
Oaeinoiaa?eoaeuiue oa?aeoa? i?ioeanna iiciaiey aeeyao ia
iainiiaaiiinoue e aeinoiaa?iinoue ciaiee a oaieiaiii noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa.

Aeieacuaaiea /anoi ii?aaeaeytho eae aeayoaeueiinoue ii ni”
ae?aieth, i?iaa?ea e ioeaiea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo17. Ii aei-
eacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yoei ia ia?aie/eaa-
aony. Aeieacuaaiea, naycaiiia n auyniaieai oaeoe/aneeo
aeaiiuo, <...i aei oao ii iiea enneaaeiaaiea ia i e auaiaeo oi eioi : aiieiuaaony a eiie n yoiai iiiaioa anae oai- eiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeioacuaaiea iain- iiaaiea oaea aeinoeaiooiai auaiaea oacena>18. Iainiiaaiea
eiie?aoiiai oacena, auaiaea a iaeiii neo/aa ?anniao?eaatho
eae eiia c-ia/aiea ‘iiiyoey aeieacuaaiey, a ioee/ea io aeiea-
cuaaiey ii niae?aieth, i?iaa?ea e ioeaiea oaeoe/aneeo aeai-
iuo 19; a ae?oaii – eae yeaiaio aaeeiiai i?ioeanna aeieacuaa-
iey20. A. Ae. A?naiueaa ‘i?aaeeiaeee <... a iauai ii- iyoee aeieacuaaiey oaieiaiii i eioi ai yaeythony iieiaeaiey iniaia iiiyoea oaieiaii- eae niaoeeoe einoeoooa oieueei oaeoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa aeaea>21.

Neaaeoao caiaoeoue, /oi aeieacuaaiea a aeaea iainiiaaiey
eiie?aoiiai oacena, auaiaea ia anaaaea inouanoaeyaony eeoue
iinea oiai, eae a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iieiinoueth ca-
eii/eony aeieacuaaiea a aeaea niae?aiey, i?iaa?ee e ioeaiee
oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo. Iainiiaaiea oanii naycaii n enneaaei-
aaieai oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, n ioeaieie e i?iaa?eie aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. , ,

N eaeeo au iiceoeee ia iiaeoiaeeoue R iauyniaieth iiiyoey

1a No?iaiae/ I. N. EO?N niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, o. 1.

I., 1968, n. 326.

!7 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,

^Naaeoeeee A. I. Ainoaea?noaaiiia iaaeiaiea a noaea. I., 1971,

ia Ni.: No?iaiae/ I. N. Oeac. ni/;, n. 299; Naaeoeeee A. I.
Oeac. ni/., n. 156

20 CM.: Oa oeo e ee y O. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 13.

21 A?naiueaa A. Ae. Oeac. ni/., n. 11.

205

aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aai neaaeoao ?an-
niao?eaaoue eae aaeeiia iiiyoea, oiaeaeanoaaiiia iiiyoeth i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey, eiay a aeaeo aianoa n yoei aeaa
aiciiaeiuo aai aniaeoa: aeieacuaaiea-niae?aiea, i?iaa?ea e
ioeaiea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo; aeieacuaaiea-iainiiaaiea auai-
aeia, e eioi?ui i?eoiaeyo eeoea, inouanoaeythuea oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea.

O/eouaay aiciiaeiinoue ?aciianiaeoiiai oieeiaaiey oa?-
ieia , iaiaoiaeeii, ‘eae i?aaeeueii caiaoee
A. I. Naaeoeeee, aa?ii ii?aaeaeyoue, ‘eaeoth niuneiaoth iaa?oc-
eo ianao yoio oa?iei a ‘eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa, /oi aaae-
ii aeey .i?aaeeueiiai ‘iiieiaiey iiiaeo einoeoooia aeieaca-
oaeuenoaaiiiai ‘i?aaa 22.

Iiciaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa inouanoaeyaony
n iiiiuueth oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. Eeoue ia
iniiaa i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey n niaethaeaieai aai i?i-
oeannoaeueiie oi?iu aiciiaeii onoaiiaeaiea iauaeoeaiie en-
oeiu, auyniaiea ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth ii
oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Ii ec oiai, /oi oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aei-
eacuaaiea – aaeeinoaaiiue ‘iooue iainiiaaiey enoeiiinoe au-
aiaeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ia neaaeoao, eae eiiaaea
iieaaatho, /oi iiciaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa aic-
iiaeii 23.
Iiciaiea ia en/a?iuaaaony oaieiaii-o?ioeannoaeueiui aeiea-
cuaaieai, aio ecaanoiu e eiua oi?iu iiciaaaoaeueiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe 24. Iie ia yaeythony ?aoathueie, ia caiaiytho i?i-
oeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea, ia iiaoo neoaeeoue iainiiaaieai
i?eieiaaiuo ?aoaiee, ii naiae aniiiiaaoaeueiie ?ieueth ii
ioiioaieth e i?ioeannoaeueiiio aeieacuaaieth niaeaenoaotho ii-
ciaieth a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

Iiciaiea – i?ioeann neiaeiue, ia anaaaea iii ia/eiaaony
n’i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey, eiiaaea aio i?aaeoanoaoao
aeayoaeueiinoue, iai?aaeaiiay ia iiene iineoaeae ioaeiie eioi?-
iaoeee, ioai? yoie eioi?iaoeee aeey iineaaeothuae ?aaiou n
iae iooai i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. A oiaea iaaethaeaiee,

ii?ina a?aaeaeai e ‘i?e i?iaaaeaiee neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee
(iaunea, iniio?a, aeii?ina naeaeaoaeae e o. ae.) neaaeiaaoaeth
i?eoiaeeony eiaoue aeaei n aieueoei iauaiii ?acee/iie eioi?-
iaoeee, naaaeaieyie i oaeoao, eioi?ua aua ia noaee aeieaca-

22 Ni.: Naaeoeeee A. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 158.

23 Oaoeoeeei O. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 16.

24 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 290; Eocacaei E. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 19-21.

206

oaeuenoaaie. Ia yoii o?iaia ‘iiciaiey aio oaea i?eoiaeeony
aiaeece?iaaoue yoo eioi?iaoeeth, ioeaieaaoue iieo/aiiua naa-
aeaiey i oaeoao, ?aoaoue aii?in i’a eo ioiineiinoe e aeaeo e
iaiaoiaeeiinoe eo i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey eae aeieaca-
oaeuenoa25. ‘Iiciaiea n iiiiuueth oaeie eioi?iaoeee ia anoue
aua i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea, ii io yoiai iii ia ia?a-
noaao auoue iiciaieai.

Iiciaieth a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa niaeaenoaoao iia-
?aoeaii-?icuneiay aeayoaeueiinoue26. Yoi ia i?ioeannoaeueiay
aeayoaeueiinoue e a oiaea aa iaeuecy iieo/eoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ii
iiaeii iaia?oaeeoue iauaeou – iineoaee aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie
eioi?iaoeee, ‘eioi?ua caoai iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu a i?i- .
oeannoaeueiii aeieacuaaiee e noaoue enoi/ieeaie naaaeaiee i

oaeoao.

N .iiciaieai naycaia e i?iaeaia eiooeoeee, aa ?iee a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a cia/a-
iea eiooeoeee aeey i?ioeannoaeueiiai iiciaiey, n iaeiie noi?i-
iu, iieiinoueth ioaa?aaaony, n ae?oaie – iainiiauaaaony. A?yae
ee iiaoo auoue niiiaiey a oii, /oi enoeia iiaeao auoue iicia-
ia eiooeoeaii. ?acoiaaony, aeey oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna yoiai
iaaeinoaoi/ii. Ii i?aeoeea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeiea-
cuaaiey naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi eiiaaea eiooeoeaiay aei-
aaaeea neaaeiaaoaey niaeaenoaiaaea ?acaeoeth aa?nee, i?iaa?ea
eioi?uo i?eaiaeeea e onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu27. A yoii e ni-
noieo cia/aiea eiooeoeee aeey iiciaiey. Eae aa?ii caiaoee
A. I. Ea?ei, 2a.

I oii, /oi ia iiciaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa

aeeytho ia oieueei n?aaenoaa i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey,
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao e oio oaeo, /oi ia ?acee/iuo noaaeeyo oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna ii-?aciiio ?aoaaony aii?in i aeiionoeiuo
n?aaenoaao aeieacuaaiey. Oae, iauyniaiey i/aaeaeoeaa a noaaeee
aicaoaeaeaiey oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu aeey

25 Ni.: E o cae i E. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 20-21; Aaneeaiei A. I.,
O?ioeiia A. I. I iiiyoee enneaaeiaaiey aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie eioi?-
iaoeee. – A ei.: Iaoea e oaoieea ia neoaeaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey.

Aieaia?aae, 1976, n. 28-33.

26 Ni.: Aaeeei ?. N. Niae?aiea, enneaaeiaaiea e ioeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. I., 1966, n. 38-43.

27 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 317-324; Ea.?ei A. I. Io neaaenoaaiiie aa?nee e enoeia. I. 29. Ec iaai auoaeaao auaiae i oii, /oi aeieacuaaiea
eae iiiyoea oe?a iiciaiey, iineieueeo eiaao ia oieueei ii-
ciaaaoaeueiue, ii e oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiue oa?aeoa?. I?e yoii
ia o/eouaaaony, /oi aeieacuaaiea ia aaeeinoaaiiia n?aaenoai- .
iiciaiey, a oaeaea oi, /oi oaeinoiaa?eoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue
oa?aeoa?ecoao ia oieueei aeieacuaaiea, ii e eiua niiniau ii-
ciaiey. Ae?oaia ‘iiaiea ninoieo a oii, /oi <...i aeieacu- aaiey e anoue i iiciaiey oaeoia ianoiyoaeuenoa oaieia- iiai aeaea> 30.

Ii?aaeaeaiiia aaeeinoai ‘iiciaiey e aeieacuaaiey ia icia-
/aao eo iieiiai niaiaaeaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Eae oaea ioia/aeinue, iniiaiui n?aaenoaii iiciaiey yaeyaony
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea, ii iiciaieth niinia-
noaotho e eiua ‘ia?u; eae aieaa aieia iiiyoea, iiciaiea ioaa-
ouaaao niaie ana n?aaenoaa, niaeaenoaothuea onoaiiaeaieth
iauaeoeaiie enoeiu a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

Eoae, aeieacuaaiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo – yoi oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue e ioiioaiey, inouanoaeyaiua
a ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiii .caeiiii, e caeeth/athueany a
niae?aiee, i?iaa?ea, ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, iainiiaaiee au-
aiaeia ii aeaeo a oeaeyo onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu e ?aoaiey caaea/
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna.

Ii?aaeaeyy aeieacuaaiea, O. -I. Oaoeoeeei ieoao, /oi iii
caeeth/aaony 31. A oiaea aeieacuaaiey ia anaaaea iainiiauaathony aeinoi-
aa?iua auaiaeu, eiiaaea yoe auaiaeu ‘auaatho ioeai/iuie, ii
aeieacuaaiea io yoiai ia ia?anoaao auoue aeieacuaaieai, iii
ieacuaaaony oieueei ii?i/iui. Aeinoiaa?iinoue auaiaeia –
iauaeoeaiay enoeia, yoi – oeaeue aeieacuaaiey, o?aaiaaiea,
eioi?ia aeieaeii auoue i?aaeuyaeaii e aeieacuaaieth, ii yoi ia
‘i?eciae naiiai iiiyoey aeieacuaaiey.

Nouiinoue e iniiaiua n?aaenoaa aeieacuaaiey yaeythony
aaeeiuie ia i?ioyaeaiee anaai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, a eaaeaeie
aai noaaeee. Ii ia iaeioi?uo noaaeeyo i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiea
iaeaaeaao ii?aaeaeaiiuie iniaaiiinoyie. Iie eanathony i?aae-
iaoa e n?aaenoa aeieacuaaiey 32.

2. Niaea?aeaiea e noauaeou i?ioeanna _
aeieacuaaiey ”

1. Niaea?aeaiea i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey. Aeieacuaaiea ii
naiaio niaea?aeaieth i?aaenoaaeyao niaie neiaeioth nenoaio
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia ?anneaaeiaaiey, noaea e oao ioiioaiee,
eioi?ua aicieeatho a nayce n yoie aeayoaeueiinoueth iaaeaeo o/ano-
ieeaie oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Aeieacuaaiea – i?ioeann neiae-
iue. ?anniao?eaay aeieacuaaiea ‘eae nenoaio, iaiaoiaeeii
?acee/aoue aa no?oeoo?iua ia?aciaaiey: yeaiaiou aeieacuaa-
iey; n?aaenoaa aeieacuaaiey; o?iaie aeieacuaaiey.

Neiaeiinoue aeieacuaaiey eiaao e eiie aniaeo – yoi oa
o?oaeiinoe, eioi?ua nouanoaotho a i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Iie naycaiu n caaea/aie i?ioean-
na, oeaeyie aeieacuaaiey, n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth a eaaeaeii eii-
e?aoii-i neo/aa, ii ‘eaaeaeiio aeaeo i?eeoe e iiciaaaoaeue-iiio
?acoeueoaoo, onoaiiaeoue, eaeia e eai niaa?oaii i?anooieaiea,
ia aeiionoeoue i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaae-
iiaiiai. O?oaeiinoe aeieacuaaiey aicieeatho a nayce n oai,
/oi a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eiathony oaeea iiiaoe
onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu, eae i?ioeaiaeaenoaea oniaoiiio aeiea-
cuaaieth ni noi?iiu iaeioi?uo eeoe, caeioa?aniaaiiuo a en-
oiaea aeaea (iiaeic?aaaaiuo, iaaeiyaiuo e ae?oaeo eeoe). O?oae-
iinoe oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey eiiaaea aicie-

31 Oaoeoeeey O. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 14.

32 Ni.: A?naiueaa A. Ae. Aeieacuaaiea oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
aeaea a ioaeaeueiuo noaaeeyo niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. – A ei.: Ai-
i?inu ai?ueau n i?anooiiinoueth ii niaaoneiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao. E?-
eoone, 1969.

14. Caeac ? 11506

209

eatho a ?acoeueoaoa iioa?e e eneaaeaiey eioi?iaoeee ia ia-
noiyoaeuenoaao, eiathueo cia/aiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. ‘Neiae-
iinoe aeieacuaaiey a ii?aaeaeaiiie ia?a naycaiu n aai i?i-
oeannoaeueiie oi?iie. ‘I?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia niaeaenoaoao on-
oaiiaeaieth enoeiu, aa niaethaeaiea – iai?aiaiiia oneiaea
oniaoiiai aeieacuaaiey, ii, oi?iaeecoy aeieacuaaiea, iia
iiaeao eae oneiaeiyoue, oae e oi?iuaoue aai. ?acaeoea e niaa?-
oainoaiaaiea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu aeieaeii niaeaenoaiaaoue
onoaiiaeaieth iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiiai, iioeiaeueiiai i?ioean-
na aeieacuaaiey.

Oneiaeyie i?aiaeieaiey o?oaeiinoae, aicieeathueo a i?i-
oeanna aeieacuaaiey, yaeythony aunieay i?ioanneiiaeueiay iiae-
aioiaea neaaeiaaoaeae, noaeae, i?ieo?i?ia, eo iieeoe/aneea,
ii?aeueiua, aeaeiaua ea/anoaa.

Niaea?aeaiea i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey ?ane?uaaaony a aai
yeaiaioao. 1aeeie yeaiaioaie ‘yaeythony: iino?iaiea’ neaae-
naaaiiueao~aa?nee, niae?aiea (iaia?oaeaiea, cae?aieaiea) ^aei-
eacaoaeuenoa, i?iaa?ea A enneaaeiaaiea) aeieacaoaeuenoa~iO[aiea
.^i eacaoaeuenoa, iainiiaaiea auaiaeia ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo33.

Ana yeaiaiou i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey acaeiinaycaiu e ino-
uanoaeythony ia eciee?iaaiii ae?oa io ae?oaa, a a ii?aaeaeai-
iii aaeeinoaa, oa?aeoa?ecoy ?acee/iua noi?iiu aaeeiiai i?i-
oeanna aeieacuaaiey. A oiaea_niae?aiey e i?iaa?ee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa a ii?aaeaeaiiie ia?a inouanoaeyaony e ‘eo ioeaiea e
iino?iaiea aa?nee. I?e iiiniiaaiee auaiaeia ii aeaeo aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa i?iaa?ythony e ioeaieaathony. Iaeiaei ia ioaeaeueiuo
yoaiao aeieacuaaiey oio eee eiie aai yeaiaio i?iyaeyaony a
aieueoae eee iaiueoae noaiaie. A oiaea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?an-
neaaeiaaiey, oai aieaa aei i?aaeuyaeaiey iaaeiaiey, i?aiaea-
aeatho iino?iaiea aa?nee, niae?aiea e i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa,

yc I. N. No?iaiae/ auaeaeyao /aou?a yoaia: iaia?oaeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, ?anniio?aiea e i?ioeannoaeueiia cae?aieaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, i?i-
aa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa, ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa (No?iaiae/ I. N.’ Eo?n
niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, o. 1, n. 302); A?naeueaa A. Ae. – o?e
yeaiaioa: niae?aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, enneaaeiaaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, ioeaiea
aeieacaoaeuenoa (A?naiueaa A. Ae. Iniiau oai?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa a ni-
aaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. E?eoone, 1970, n. 41); A. ?. ?aoeiia e ni-
aea?aeaieth i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey ioiineo: iouneaiea iineoaeae eioi?-
iaoeee, niae?aiea, cae?aieaiea, i?iaa?eo e ioeaieo aeieacaoaeuenoa (Oai-
?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 287).

I aeieacuaaiee a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e aai niaea?aeaiee ni.:

E o ieineay I. A. Aeieacuaaiea a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I.,
1966; Aaeeei ?. N. Niae?aiea, enneaaeiaaiea e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa.
I., 1966; Ea?ei A. I. ?aaioa neaaeiaaoaey n aeieacaoaeuenoaaie. I.,
1966.

210 ‘

A noaeaaiuo i?aieyo – ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, i?e iinoaiia-
eaiee i?eaiai?a – iainiiaaiea auaiaeia ii aeaeo. Iaeiaei a
eaaeaeii ec yoeo neo/aaa iiaeii iaia?oaeeoue e eiua yeaiaiou
i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey.

Iaeiei ec yeaiaioia i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey yaeyaony ii-
no?iaiea e aeeiaie/aneia ?acaeoea neaaenoaaiiuo aa?nee.. Ia
yOa aa?ii ia?aoee aieiaiea O. I. Oaoeoeeei34. Aa?nee ea-
?atho cia/eoaeueioth ?ieue a aeieacuaaiee, niaeaenoaoy ananoi-
?iiiaio, iieiiio e iauaeoeaiiio ‘enneaaeiaaieth ianoiy-
oaeuenoa aeaea. N o/aoii oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, nia?aiiuo ii^
oaieiaiiio aeaeo. iaiaoiaeeii auaeaeaaoue ana aiciiaeiua aa?-
nee, ia ia?aie/eaaynue iaeiinoi?iiiei iai?aaeaieai aeieacu-
aaiey. Iino?iaiea ii eaaeaeiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo, iacaaeneii
‘a7~?ai eaaeouaeny , oeIueo e *nE;ayuo aa?nee~ya-
eyaony oa-eiae?.i oni?.oo1iiai^__i^ouanoaeaioay’ aeeeacuaa-iyoA8^

Ae?oaei yeaiaioii i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey yaeyaony “niae-
?ai’ea aeieacaoaeuenoa. Niaeanii no. 70 OIE eeoea, i?iecaiaey-
uea aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i?, noae ai?aaa ii iaoiaey-
ueiny a eo i?iecaiaenoaa aeaeai aucuaaoue ethaia eeoei aeey
aeii?ina, ii?o/aoue i?iaaaeaiea yenia?oecu, i?iecaiaeeoue in-
iio?u, iaunee e ae?oaea i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii neaaenoaai-
iua aeaenoaey; o?aaiaaoue io o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaei?eyoee, i?aaie-
caaeee, aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe e a?aaeaeai i?aaenoaaeaiey i?aaeiaoia
e aeieoiaioia; o?aaiaaoue i?iecaiaenoaa ?aaecee. Aeieacaoaeue-
noaa iiaoo ‘auoue i?aaenoaaeaiu o/anoieeaie i?ioeanna, a oae-
aea ethauie a?aaeaeaiaie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaei?eyoeyie e
i?aaiecaoeeyie.

Niae?aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa caeeth/aaony a iienea e iaia?o-
aeaiee enoi/ieeia iaiaoiaeeiie eioi?iaoeee, a iaia?oaeaiee
naaaeaiee i oaeoao, eiathueo aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea.
Iaiaoiaeeii iaeoe e aeii?ineoue naeaeaoaeae, auyaeoue e in-
iio?aoue ianoi niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey e o. ae. Ii niae?a-
iea caeeth/aaony ia oieueei a iaia?oaeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Naaaeaiey i oaeoao i?eia?aoatho aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/a-
iea, anee iie niioaaonoaothuei ia?acii cae?aieaiu niini-
aii e a ii?yaeea, onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii: ninoaaeai i?ioi-
eie aeii?ina naeaeaoaey, i?ioieie iniio?a ianoa i?ienoa-
noaey e o. ae. Niaethaeaiea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu iaia?oaea-
iey e cae?aieaiey aeieacaoaeuenoa ‘yaeyaony ii?aaeaeaiiie aa-
?aioeae, niinianoaoao eo nio?aiiinoe, iaania/eaaao aiciiae-

34 Ni.: Oaoeoeeei O. E. Oeac. ni/., n. 10-11.

35 I ?iee aa?nee a aeieacuaaiee ni.: E a ?’e i A. I. Io neaaenoaai-
iie aa?nee e enoeia. I., 1976.

14*

211

iinoue eo iineaaeothuae i?iaa?ee, ioeaiee, eniieueciaaiey aeey
iainiiaaiey auaiaeia ii aeaeo.

Neaaeothuee yeaiaio i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey – i?iaa?ea
aeieacaoaeuenoa. Ana nia?aiiua ii aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoaa iiaeea-
aeao ouaoaeueiie, ananoi?iiiae e iauaeoeaiie i?iaa?ea ni
noi?iiu eeoea, i?iecaiaeyuaai aeiciaiea, neaaeiaaoaey, i?ieo-
?i?a e noaea (/. III no. 70 OIE). I?iaa?ea iiaeeaaeeo eaaeaeia
aeieacaoaeuenoai ea.e eiie?aoiia naaaeaiea i oii eee eiii
oaeoa. Aeieacaoaeuenoaa a aeaea naaaeaiee i oaeoao iiaoo i?a-
aeeueii io?aaeaoue oaeou, a iiaoo eneaaeaoue eo, iie iiaoo
auoue aeinoiaa?iuie e iaaeinoiaa?iuie. .I?iaa?ea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa niinianoaoao auyniaieth yoiai. Aeey i?iaa?ee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa eniieuecothony ?aciua iaoiaeu. I?aaeaea anaai aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa aeieaeiu auoue ouaoaeueii ‘i?iaiaeece?iaaiu. Naaaea-
iey i oaeoao aeieaeiu aeaoaeueii i?iaa?youeny iooai iiae?iaii-
ai’ aeii?ina naeaeaoaeae e ae?oaeo eeoe, aieiaoaeueiiai iniio?a
ianoa i?ienoanoaey, aauanoaaiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. I?iaa?yy
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, iaiaoiaeeii niiinoaaeyoue eo n ae?oaeie aeiea-
caoaeuenoaaie, iieo/aiiuie ec oiai ae’a enoi/ieea e ec ae?o-
aeo enoi/ieeia. Niiniaii i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa yaeyaony
iiene iiauo enoi/ieeia oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iiauo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. Oae, i?iaa?eoue naaaeaiey i oaeoao, iieo/aiiua io
naeaeaoaey, iiaeii iooai ?icunea e aeii?ina ae?oaeo naeaea-
oaeae, i?iaaaeaiey eiuo neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee. Eneaaeaiea
eioi?iaoeee a iaeiii enoi/ieea aiciiaeii, ii a nenoaia en-
oi/ieeia oaeay aa?iyoiinoue nie?auaaony eee nianai en/a-
caao. Iiyoiio, i?iaa?yy aeieacaoaeuenoaa, neaaeoao eneaoue ii-
aua enoi/ieee naaaeaiee i oao aea oaeoao, ?aciiia?aceoue yoe
enoi/ieee, ia ia?aie/eaaynue iaeiei aeaeii, iai?eia?, oieueei
naeaeaoaeueneeie iieacaieyie; ioaeii no?ieoue oaeoth nenoaio
aeieacaoaeuenoa, eioi?ay naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaea au ia eo aeinoi-
aa?iinoe.

I?e ‘i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa iaiaoiaeeii eco/aoue enoi/iee
eioi?iaoeee, o/eouaaoue oneiaey iaia?oaeaiey e oi?ie?iaa-
iey aeieacaoaeuenoa, ianoaiiaeo, a eioi?ie ‘auee iaia?oaeaiu
aauanoaaiiua aeieacaoaeuenoaa, acaeiiioiioaiey naeaeaoaeae,
iioa?iaaoeo, iaaeiyaiuo, eaaeeoeeaoeeth yenia?oa e ae?oaea
ianoiyoaeuenoaa, aeeythuea ia aeinoiaa?iinoue aeieacaoaeuenoa.

Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa caeeth/aaony a ii?aaeaeaiee cia/e-
iinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa aeey onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu, ?aoaiey anao
caaea/ oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa –
yoi ‘iuneeoaeueiue, eiae/aneee i?ioeann. Ii inouanoaeyaony
ia iniiaa caeiiia eiaeee, ineoieiaee, ia iaai aeeytho i?a-

212 .

aiaia e i?aanoaaiiia niciaiea noauaeoa, i?iecaiaeyuaai ioeai-
eo aeieacaoaeuenoa. Oi, /oi ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, eae iunee-
oaeueiue i?ioeann, iiae/eiaia iauaeoeaiui caeiiai iuoea-
iey, ia ‘eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe aa ‘i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey.
Ia iniiaa iauaeoeaiuo caeiiia i?aaiaua ii?iu onoaiaaee-
aatho iniiaiua, eiathuea i?eioeeieaeueiia cia/aiea i?aaeea
ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa; iie i?aaeoniio?aiu, a /anoiinoe, a no.
no. 71, 77, 80, 221, 301 OIE e ae?oaeo ii?iao.

Noauaeoaie ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa iiaoo auoue ethaua
o/anoieee i?ioeanna, ii eo ioeaiee eiatho iaiaeeiaeiaia cia-
/aiea aeey i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. Iniaia cia/aiea
eiaao 0’oeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa eeoeaie, i?iecaiaeyueie aeieacu-
aaiea. Io eo ioeaiee caaenyo i?ioeannoaeueiua ?aoaiey e ieii-
/aoaeueiua auaiaeu ii aeaeo i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey, i aeiiaiinoe eee iaaeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai,

i iaeacaiee aeiiaiiai.

A ea/anoaa i?eioeeiia ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa eiiaaea ?an-
niao?eaatho iieiaeaiey, oeacaiiua a no. 71 OIE. I?eioeeia-
ie aeieacuaaiey, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, e i?eioeeiaie ioeaiee aei-
eacaoaeuenoa yaeythony iauea i?eioeeiu niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai
i?ioeanna. A no. 71 OIE noi?ioee?iaaii iniiaiia i?aaiaia
o?aaiaaiea ‘e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa. Iii caeeth/aaony a oii,
/oi noae, i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue, inouanoaeyy aeieacu-
aaiea, ioeaieaatho aeieacaoaeuenoaa ii naiaio aioo?aiiaio
oaaaeaeaieth, iniiaaiiiio ia ananoi?iiiai, iieiii, e iauae-
oeaiii ?anniio?aiee anao ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea a eo niaieoi-
iinoe, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue caeiiii e nioeeaeenoe/aneei i?aaini-
ciaieai. O. I. Oaoeoeeei aeaeeo a yoii /aou?a acaeiinay-
caiiuo i?eioeeia ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, eaaeaeue ec eioi?uo
<...eiaao niaoeeoe niune e iacia i aio ioiineoaeueioth naiinoiyoaeueiinoue>36. A no. 71 OIE, eae yoi
aeaeii ec aa niaea?aeaiey, ?a/ue eaeao i aaeeiii o?aaiaaiee e
ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, caeeth/athuainy a oii, /oi ioeaiea
aeieaeia inouanoaeyoueny ii aioo?aiiaio oaaaeaeaieth, iniiaai-
iiio: a) ia aiaeeca niaieoiiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa, a) ia ca-
eiia, a) ia nioeeaeenoe/aneii i?aainiciaiee37.

Aioo?aiiaa oaaaeaeaiea a ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa iaiaoiaee-
iMo ?anniao?eaaoue a aeaoo aniaeoao: eae iaoiae ioeaiee aeiea-
caoaeuenoa e eae ?acoeueoao ioeaiee. Eae iaoiae ioeaiee aeiea-

36 Oaoeoeeei O. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 184.

37 Eae aaeeiue i?eioeei ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa ?anniao?eaaao iieiaea-
iea no. 71 OIE Eoieineay I. A. (Ni.: E o ieineay I. A. ?aoaiey
a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. I., 1976, n. 88-96).

213

caoaeuenoa aioo?aiiaa oaaaeaeaiea oa?aeoa?ecoaony neaaeothue-
ie iieiaeaieyie: a) ana noauaeou, ioeaieaathuea aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa, aeieaeiu ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny oieueei naiei aioo?aiiei
oaaaeaeaieai, enoiaeeoue ia ec oie ioeaiee, eioi?oth aeaee aeiea-
caoaeuenoaai ae?oaea eeoea e o/anoieee ‘i?ioeanna, a eiaiii
eeoue ec naiaai aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey. Caeii iaycuaaao
eaaeaeiai noauaeoa aeieacuaaiey ee/ii ioeaieoue aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa. Ionooieaiea io yoiai o?aaiaaiey i?eaiaeeo e ioaa-
eai a aeieacuaaiee; a) caeii ia onoaiaaeeaaao oi?iaeueiua
i?aaeea, aeeythuea ia oa?aeoa? ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Noauaeou aeieacuaaiey ia noaniaiu oi?iaeueiie ioeaieie aei-
eacaoaeuenoa a caeiia. Yoi au?aaeaii a no. 71 OIE, i?aaeoniao-
?eaathuae, /oi <...ieeaeea aeieacaoaeuenoaa aeey noaea i neaaeiaaoaey e eeoea aeiciaiea ia eiatho ca onoaiiaeaiiie neeu>. Aeieacaoaeuenoaa ioeaieaathony
ia ii oi?iaeueiui ‘i?eciaeai, a ia iniiaaiee aioo?aiiaai
oaaaeaeaiey eeoea, inouanoaeythuaai ioeaieo aeieacaoaeuenoa;’,;:

a) ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ?acee/iuie o/anoieeaie i?ioeanna,,1
a oii /enea auoanoiyueie aeieaeiinoiuie eeoeaie e i?aaia-^
ie, ia eiaao iaycaoaeueiiai cia/aiey aeey iineaaeothuae ioeai-‘..:.’;

ee aeieacaoaeuenoa neaaeiaaoaeyie, noaeueyie e ae?oaeie eeoeaie;”
inouanoaeythueie aei.eacuaaiea. Yoi au?aaeaii, a /anoiinoe,
a no. no. 127, 352, 380 OIE e ae?oaeo ii?iao. Oae, anee auoa*
noiyuee noae ioiaiyao i?eaiai? ieaeanoiyuaai noaea e iai?aa-
eyao aeaei aeey aeiiieieoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey eee iiaoi?ii-
ai ?anniio?aiey a noaea, oi ii ia ai?aaa .i?aae?aoaoue aii?in
i aeieacaiiinoe eee iaaeieacaiiinoe iaaeiaiey, i aeinoiaa?ii-
noe eee iaaeinoiaa?iinoe oiai eee eiiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa,
i i?aeiouanoaao iaeieo aeieacaoaeuenoa ia?aae ae?oaeie; a anee
oaeea oeacaiey a i?yiie eee einaaiiie oi?ia niaea?aeaony
a ii?aaeaeaiee noaea, neaaeiaaoaee e noaeuee^ ioeaieaay aeieaca-
oaeuenoaa, aeieaeiu ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny ia yoeie oeacaieyie,
a naiei aioo?aiiei oaaaeaeaieai.

Aioo?aiiaa oaaaeaeaiea, eae ?acoeueoao ioeaiee aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, icia/aao oaa?aiiinoue neaaeiaaoaey, noaeae ‘a aeinoiaa?-
iinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa e i?aaeeueiinoe auaiaeia, e eioi?ui iie
i?eoee a oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey38.
Eaaeaeue i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey aeieaeai caaa?oaoueny aicieeii-
aaieai oaeie oaa?aiiinoe. Anee aa iao, cia/eo aeieacuaaioea

c> I aioo?aiiai oaaaeaeaiee ni.: ?aciee A. I. Aioo?aiiaa oaaae-
aeaiea i?e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa. I., 1977; A.?ioaaie TH. I. I?iaea-
iu oi?ie?iaaiey noaeaeneiai oaaaeaeaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.
Oa?ueeia, 1975.

no?aaeaao ecuyiaie, cia/eo io ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa iaiaoi-
aeeii aa?iooueny e niae?aieth e ‘i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa.

Aioo?aiiaa oaaaeaeaiea aeieaeii auoue iniiaaii ia ananoi-
?iiiai, iieiii e iauaeoeaiii ?anniio?aiee anao ianoiy-
oaeuenoa aeaea a eo niaieoiiinoe. N oi/ee c?aiey niaieoiiinoe
aeieacaoaeuenoa aeieaeii ioeaieaaoueny “e eaaeaeia aeieacaoaeuenoai.
a ioaeaeueiinoe e ana iie aianoa. Aiaeec niaieoiiinoe oaeoe-
/aneeo aeaiiuo yaeyaony iaoiaeieiae/aneie iniiaie iiciaiey.
<...iaiaoiaeeii ienae a. e. eaiei a ia ioaeaeueiua oaeou anth niaieoiiinoue ioiinyueony e aii oaeoia aac aaeeiiai eneeth> 39. Aiaeec aeieaca-
oaeuenoa a eo niaieoiiinoe – yoi iaeei ec oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo
ia oi?ie?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey.

Ae?oaie oaeoi? – yoi i?aaeienaiea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iiai caeiia. Oeacaiey caeiia i aeiionoeiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa,.
ia iniaaiiinoyo ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa a ?acee/iuo noaaeeyo
oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna -e ii ae?oaei aii?inai i?ioeannoaeueiie
oi?iu aeieacuaaiey yaeythony o?aaiaaieyie caeiia, eioi?ua
ieacuaatho aicaeaenoaea ia oi?ie?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai oaaae-
aeaiey neaaeiaaoaeae, noaeae.

N yoei naycai e neaaeothuee, i?aaeoniio?aiiue caeiiii
oaeoi?, aeeythuee ia oi?ie?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaea-
iey, – nioeeaeenoe/aneia i?aainiciaiea eeoe, inouanoaeyth-
ueo aeieacuaaiea. I?aainiciaiea aicaeaenoaoao ia oieueei ia
i?eiaiaiea ii?i iaoa?eaeueiiai i?aaa, ii e ia i?eiaiaiea
ii?i i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa, a /anoiinoe ii?i, aeeythueo
ia ioeaieo aeieacaoaeuenoa. I?aainiciaiea io?aaeaaony ia oi?-
ie?iaaiee aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey, ia ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa.
Io i?aainiciaiey neaaeiaaoaeae, noaeae caaeneo oi, eae iie
?anniao?eaatho cia/aiea i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiia a aeieacu- ‘
aaiee, eae iie oieeotho oaeea eaoaai?ee, eae , , , , e ae?. ?acee/iia oieeiaaiea yoeo eaoaai?ee ia
iniiaa neiaeeaoaainy o eeoea i?aainiciaiey, ianiiiaiii,
aeeyao ia oi?ie?iaaiea o iaai aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey a oi-
aea ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa. Iiyoiio oae aaaeii ?acaeaaoue, ni-
aa?oainoaiaaoue ‘i?aainiciaiea o eeoe, i?iecaiaeyueo aeicia-
iea, neaaeiaaoaeae, i?ieo?i?ia e noaeae.

Eaiei A. E. Iiei. nia?. ni/., o. 30, n. 351.

Iauaeoaie ioeaiee a i?ioeannoaeueiii aeieacuaaiee yaey-
thony oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua e eo enoi/ieee, o. a. aeieacaoaeue-
noaa, a oaeaea ‘iaoiaeu e niiniau eo iieo/aiey. Eiaiii yoi
eiaao a aeaeo caeii (no. 71 OIE), ii?aaeaeyy iniiaiua i?a-
aiaua o?aaiaaiey e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa. I?aaeeueiay ioeai-
ea oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo aiciiaeia eeoue ia iniiaa aaeeiie
ioeaiee yoeo aeaiiuo, enoi/ieeia, ec .eioi?uo iie iieo/aiu,
iaoiaeia, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo iie iieo/aiu. Anee ioeaiea i?i-\
oeanna aeieacuaaiey, anao n?aaenoa aeieacuaaiey naeaeaoaeuenoaoao
ia eo ecuyiao, i ianiioaaonoaee caeiio, yoi iiaeao naeaea-
oaeuenoaiaaoue e i ii?i/iinoe naieo oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, ii-
eo/aiiuo a ?acoeueoaoa oaeiai aeieacuaaiey.

Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ninoieo a ii?aaeaeaiee eo ioiineii-
noe, aeiionoeiinoe, aeinoiaa?iinoe e aeinoaoi/iinoe40.

A oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii aeieacuaaiee ioeaiea ‘iiaeao
inouanoaeyoueny ia ?aciuo o?iaiyo. Yoi i?aaeaea anaai ioeaiea
oaeoe/aneie eioi?iaoeee neaaeiaaoaeai ia o?iaia ioai?a ec
iaa oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo e eo i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey
a aeaea aeieacaoaeuenoa. Ae?oaie o?iaaiue – yoi ioeaiea ioaeaeue-
iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa n oi/ee c?aiey eo ioiineiinoe, aeiionoe-
iinoe, naycaiiay n i?iaa?eie eo aeinoiaa?iinoe. Neaaeothuee
o?iaaiue ninoieo a ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ia caaa?oathueo
yoaiao aeieacuaaiey, i?e ninoaaeaiee iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth-
/aiey, iinoaiiaeaiee i?eaiai?a e o. ae.41 Ia yoii o?iaia
ioeaiea niaieoiiinoe aeieacaoaeuenoa iiae/eiaia iainiiaaieth
auaiaeia, eae ?acoeueoaoia aeieacuaaiey.

Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ia ia?aii e aoi?ii o?iaiyo – yoi
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiay ioeaiea. E i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie ioeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa i?eaaaatho a oiaea aeieacuaaiey a i?aaeaeao iaeiie
noaaeee oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Oaeay i?aaeaa?eoaeueiay ioeaiea
iaiaoiaeeia aeey ieaie?iaaiey aeaeueiaeoaai aeieacuaaiey.
Ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ia o?aoueai o?iaia – yoi ieii/aoaeue-
iay ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa. Eaaeaeay noaaeey i?ioeanna caaa?oa-
aony i?eiyoeai ?aoaiey. Aeey iainiiaaiey niaea?aeaueony a

40 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,
n. 434-438; Ioo’ei E. ‘E. Iauaeoeaiay enoeia .y iaeioi?ua aii?inu
ioeaiee noaeaaiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa i?e inouanoaeaiee i?aainoaeey. E., 1971,

n. 105-134,

41 I. E. sseoa ‘?anniao?eaaao yoo ioeaieo aeieacaoaeuenoa eae naii-
noiyoaeueiue yoai aeieacuaaiey a ioee/ea io ioeaiee, eioi?ay naycaia
n niae?aieai e i?iaa?eie aeieacaoaeuenoa, (ni.: sseoa I. E. I?iaeaiu

;ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii ‘i?ioeanna. – , 1974, ? 6, n. 12-21).

216

?aoaieyo auaiaeia, eeoea, inouanoaeythuea aeieacuaaeoa,
aeieaeiu iieii, ieii/aoaeueii ioeaieoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa.

A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a ?ani?ino?aiaii .iiaiea, /oi
ieii/aoaeueiay ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa naycaia n iinoaiiaea-
ieai i?eaiai?a, a ana i?aaeoanoaothuea ioeaiee yaeythony
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiuie. Ii, eae aa?ii ieoao I. A. Eoieineay,
, a a i?eaiai?a – ia io?aaeaao nouanoaa ioeaii/iie aeayoaeueiinoe e ia
iiae/a?eeaaao naiinoiyoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a yoie aeayoaeueiinoe
ia eaaeaeie noaaeee, eaaeaeui noauaeoii i?ioeanna>42. I?e oa-
eie oa?aeoa?enoeea niaoeaathony ?aciua aii?inu: aii?in i

i?aaiaii cia/aiee auaiaeia, i oii, eiaaea aiciiaeii i?eiy-”
oea ieii/aoaeueiiai ?aoaiey i aeiiaiinoe eeoea, e aii?in i
nouiinoe naiie ioeaii/iie aeayoaeueiinoe, i i?aaeaa?eoaeue-
iie e ieii/aoaeueiie ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa o/anoieeaie i?i^
oeanna e ?iee yoeo ioeaiie aeey i?eiyoey ?acee/iuo ?aoaiee
a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

E yeaiaioai i?ioeanna eieacuaaiey^_ia?yeo_n ?anniio?ai-.
ieie. ne&aeoao ioianoe’ e iainiiaaiea auaiaeia ii oaieiaiiio
.aeaaeo. Yoiiio^auoue auAIaeUEi’ /anoiui, ioaeaeueeui aii?i-
nai, eioi?ua i?eoiaeeony ?aoaoue a .oiaea aeieycuiaiey. a_i?i-‘
oeanna niie?aiey. i?iaa?ee e ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa. Auoiaea
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii_ai” ^ieacuaaiey i?eoiaeeony ?aoaoue
?acee4″iu^”.7/anoi]ua__aii?inu: i aA?iocae?iee ioaeaeueiuo neaae^.
noaaiiuo aeaenoaee^ ia, oaeiaeaoai?aiee . eee ioeeiiaiee oiaea-
oaenoa,” naycaiiuo n aeieacuaaieai; ia ioai?a ec anae iieo-
/aaiie eioi?iaoeee i?e i?iaaaeaiee neaaenoaaiiuo, noaeaaiuo
aeaenoaee oao naaaeaiee i oaeoao, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeii, i?ioean-
noaeueii ioi?ieoue a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa; ia ieii/aiee
?anneaaeiaaiey, noaeaaiiai neaaenoaey e o. ae. I?eiyoea yoeo
e ae?oaeo ?aoaiee naycaii n ‘iainiiaaieai’ niioaaonoaothueo
auaiaeia.

Aeieacuaaieacaeeth/aaony e a iainiiaaiee iaueo auai-
aeia a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. IIE nAsscaiueOn^i?eiyoeai
?aoaiee i aicaoaeaeaiee oaieiaiiai aeaea, i i?eaea/aiee eeoea
a_ea/ anoaa_ia a eiyaiaOi~^’~OIaoaeaeaiee iaaeieoaeueiiai’ c a eeth –
/aiey. i ae?ae?auaio aeaeaOU “iinoaiiaeaiee’ i?eaiai?a e o. e.
Aeieacuaaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa -“”yoi ia
oieueei iainiiaaiea auaiaeia i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeieacuaaieth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo,

42 Eoieineay I. A. Oeac. niy., n. 102.

217

o. a. auaiaeia i oaeoe/aneie noi?iia aeaea, a e i th?eaee/aneie.
eaaeeoeeaoeee, ni?aaaaeeeainoe iaeacaiey e anao eiuo auai-
aeia, eioi?ua .iiaoo auoue naeaeaiu ia iniiaaiee oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa.

Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea eiiaaea ia?aie/e-
aatho eeoue iiciaieai oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa. Iaeiaei
o/eouaay, /oi a aeieacuaaiee ioaeaeathony e ae?oaea auaiaeu ii
oaieiaiiio aeaeo, iiae aeieacuaaieai a oaieiaiii noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa iaiaoiaeeii iiieiaoue iainiiaaiea ethauo auaiaeia
n?aaenoaaie ‘i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. Oae, auaiae i th?e-
aee/aneie eaaeeoeeaoeee iainiiauaaaony ia oieueei aiaeecii
ii?i oaieiaiiai i?aaa, a e eniieueciaaieai oaeoe/aneeo aeai-
iuo ia ianoiyoaeuenoaao, iiaeiaaeathueo iiae i?eciaee ninoaaa
i?anooieaiey. A io?uaa io yoeo aeaiiuo iaaiciiaeii naeaeaoue
i?aaeeueiue auaiae i th?eaee/aneie eaaeeoeeaoeee. Yoi eana-
aony e auaiaea i ni?aaaaeeeainoe iaeacaiey. Ii iiaeao auoue
naeaeai ia iniiaaiee eniieueciaaiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo i
ee/iinoe iaaeiyaiiai, naeaeaoaeuenoaothueo i noaiaie aai
iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe. N iiiiuueth n?aaenoa i?ioeannoaeueii-
ai aeieacuaaiey iiaoo auoue iainiiaaiu e ae?oaea auaiaeu a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea inouanoaeyaony n
iiiiuueth ii?aaeaeaiiuo n?aaenoa. N?aaenoaa yoe iaiaoiaeeii
?anniao?eaaoue eae iaeii ec no?oeoo?iuo ia?aciaaiee nenoa-
iu oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. Ia eo nouiinoe
a ‘th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a auneacaiu ?acee/iua noaeaeaiey.
Iiaeaa?aay eo e?eoe/aneiio aiaeeco, O. I. Oaoeoeeei i?a-
aeeueii ieoao, /oi n?aaenoaa i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey –
‘iiiaia?aiiia iiiyoea e ioaaouaaao niaie oaeoe/aneea aeai-
iua, enoi/ieee yoeo aeaiiuo, a oaeaea niiniau eo iieo/aiey,
i?iaa?ee e eniieueciaaiey a oiaea aeieacuaaiey 43.

Iaeio ec a?oii n?aaenoa i?iaeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey ni-
noaaeytho onoaiiaeaiiua caeiiii aeaeu oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa, o. a. eniieuecoaiua a oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioean-
noaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey ?acee/iua oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, ni-
aea?aeaueany a i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii enoi/ieeao. Eo en-
neaaeiaaieth auee iinayuaiu i?aaeoanoaothuea aeaau eieae.

Ae?oaoth a?oiio n?aaenoa i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey ia-
?acotho niiniau iieo/aiey, i?iaa?ee e eniieueciaaiey aeiea-
caoaeuenoa a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. E iei ioiinyony
?acee/iua neaaenoaaiiua e noaeaaiua aeaenoaey: aeii?in iiaei-

43 Ni.: Oaoeoeeei O. I. Oeac. ,nio., ?. 90-93.

c?aaaaiiai (no. 123 O’IE), aeii?in iaaeiyaiiai (no. ‘150 OIE),
aeii?in naeaeaoaeae (io. 158 OIE), aeii?in iioa?iaaoaai (no.
161 OIE), i/iay noaaea (no. 162 OIE), i?aaeuyaeaiea aeey
iiiciaiey (no. 164 OIE), auaiea (no. 467 OIE), iaune
,,(no. 168 OIE), ee/iue iaune (no. 172 OIE), iniio? (no. 178
OIE), inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaiea (no. 181 OIE), neaaenoaaiiue
yenia?eiaio (no. 183 OIE), yenia?oeca (no. 184 OIE). A no-
aeaaiii neaaenoaee aiciiaeiu, oa aea aeaenoaey, iai?aaeaiiua
ea i?iaa?eo e ‘niae?aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa (no. no. 70, 280-293
OIE).

Ia?yaeo n yoe.ie aeaenoaeyie caeii aeiioneaao a’ ea/anoaa
.niiniaia niae?aiey e i?iaa?ee aeieacaoaeuenoa: eno?aaiaaiea
io i?aaiecaoeee e a?aaeaeai i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia; i?iec-
aiaenoai ?aaecee ii o?aaiaaieth i?aaiia ?anneaaeiaaiey, i?i-
eo?i?a e noaea; i?aaeinoaaeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa o/anoieeaie’i?i-
oeanna, i?aaiecaoeeyie e a?aaeaeaiaie. Aeaenoaey yoe yaeythony
?aciiaeaeiinoueth neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee. Caeiiii
i?aaeoniio?ai ii?aaeaeaiiue e en/a?iuaathuee ia?a/aiue anao
neaaenoaaiiuo e noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee. Oieueei n eo iiiiuueth ii-
aoo inouanoaeyoueny niae?aiea e i?iaa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa44.

A no?oeoo?a yroJioBno-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey iaia-
oiaeeii ?acee/aoue Ia oieueei yeaiaiou i?ioeanna aeieacuaa-
iey (iino?iaiea aa?nee, niae?aiea, i?iaa?ea, ioeaiea aeieaca-
oaeuenoa, iainiiaaiea auaiaeia) e n?aaenoaa aeieacuaaiey (aei-
eacaoaeuenoaa e niiniau eo iieo/aiey), ii e ?acee/iua o?ia-
ie aeieacuaaiey 45.

A oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey eciaiytho-
ny aai /anoiua caaeaee, oa?aeoa? eioi?iaoeeiiiiai iaoa?eaea,
niiniau aai iieo/aiey e eniieueciaaiey. Ana yoi aeeyao ia
auaeaeaiea a nenoaia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey
ioaeaeueiuo o?iaiae.

Iaeei ec ieo ninoieo a i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, ca-
eeth/athuaeny a oi’]^ /oiau ec anae .iannu eioi?iaoeee, ii-
eo/aiiie n iiiiuueth neaaenoaaiiuo, noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee, au-
a?aoue oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua aeey eo i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?iea-
iey a ea/anoaa aeieacaoaeuenoa. Aeayoaeueiinoue yoa caeeth/aaony

44 I niae?aiee aeieacaoaeuenoa ni.: Oaeoa? N. A. Nouiinoue y nii-
niau niae?aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1972.

45 Ni.: Aaneeaiei A. I., O?ioeiia A. I. I iiiyoee .ennea-
aeiaaiey aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie eioi?iaoeee. – A ei.: Iaoea e oaoieea ia
neoaeaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey. Aieaie?aae, 1976, n. 28-33; Eie-
aeei A. ss. O?iaie Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey. – , 1974, ? 11, n. 86-91.

a .Iaia?oaeaiee eioi?iaoeee e aa ioeaiea aeey iineaaeothuaai
ioi?ieaiey a ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa naaaea-
iee, eiathueo cia/aiea ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Aeieacuaaiea ia
yoii o?iaia, iai?eia?, inouanoaeyao neaaeiaaoaeue, aeii?aoe-
aay naeaeaoaeae, iniao?eaay ‘ianoi i?ienoanoaey, i?iaiaey
ae?oaea neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey. Iieo/ay ?acee/ioth eioi?ia-
oeeth, ?aaioay n iae, ioeaieaay aa, neaaeiaaoaeue ?aoaao, /oi ec
iaa iaiaoiaeeii ioa?ineoue, a /oi acyoue aeey i?ioeannoaeueiiai
ioi?ieaiey a ea/anoaa oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeieaca-
oaeuenoa. Ia yoii o?iaia aeieacuaaiey iao aua aeieacaoaeuenoa;

eeoei, inouanoaeythuaa aeieacuaaiea, oieueei ?aoaao caaea/o
eo iieo/aiey, i?e/ai ?aoaao aa iin?aaenoaii i?ioeannoaeueiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, iai?aaeaiiie ia iaia?oaeaiea, enneaaeiaaiea,
ioeaieo ?acee/iie ‘eioi?iaoeee. Iieo/eoue oaeoth eioi?iaoeeth
iiaeii ia oieueei ia o?iaia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeiea-
cuaaiey, ii e eiuie n?aaenoaaie, iai?eia?, iia?aoeaii-?i-
cuneiie aeayoaeueiinoueth.

Ae?oaie o?iaaiue aeieacuaaiey ‘naycai n cae?aieaieai,
i?iaa?eie e ioeaieie aeieacaoaeuenoa. Caaea/a aei’eacuaaiey ia
yoii o?iaia caeeth/aaony a ‘cae?aieaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa ii-
n?aaenoaii i?ioeannoaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey naaaeaiee i oaeoao,
iieo/aiiuo ec enoi/ieeia, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii, e n ii-
iiuueth ?acee/iuo neaaenoaaiiuo, noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee. Yoio
o?iaaiue aeieacuaaiey oa?aeoa?ecoaony eae aeayoaeueiinoueth ii
auyniaieth oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea, oae e oaeinoiaa-
?eoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoueth. Ia yoii o?iaia aeieaeiu auoue aei-
noiaa?ii onoaiiaeaiu ana ianoiyoaeuenoaa, iiaeeaaeauea aeiea-
cuaaieth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo.

Neaaeothuee o?iaaiue aeieacuaaiey-iainiiaaiea auaiaeia, eioi?uie caaa?oaaony aeieacuaaiea. Iainii-
aaiea aue1aiaeia_ssee^caiaeaei.i-? e 46. Iainiiaaiea auaiaeia aiciiaeii oieueei Q ii-
iiuueth aeieacaoaeuenoa, o. a. oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iieo/^aeaeoeo
ec ii?aaeaeaiiuo enoi/ieeia, e ieeae ia eia/a. E?iia oiai
iniaaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey ia aeaiiii o?iaia ia a TO,I^ qipo
neaaeiaaoaeue e noae iia?e?otho aeinoiaa?iuie aeieacaoaeueia.
ie, a a oii, /oi iie aeieaeiu oae iinooiaoue, a yoi ia Iaeii e
oi aea. Ia aeaiiue o?iaaiue aeieacuaaiey ^oaeii
eeoue aeinoiaa?iua aeieacaoaeuenoaa, eioi?ua iaaeaaeii ‘^iiaa-
?aiu,- i?aaeeueii ioeaiaiu e iiyoiio aa?ii naeaeaoaeuenoaotho
i iaee/ee eee ionoonoaee ianoiyoaeuenoa, iiaeeaaeaueo aeiea-
cuaaieth ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Ii oae auaaao ia anaaaea. Ioea-
ee, eioi?ua aeiioneathony a yieacuaaiee ia yoii o?iaioe ae-?,
ee/athony io ioeaie ia ae?oaeo o?iaiyo aeieacuaaiey. T^g pa
ia?aii o?iaia iie a aieueoae noaiaie naycaiu n iioa?ae ioae-
iie eioi?iaoeee; ia aoi?ii o?iaia, ia?yaeo n yoie iu^aeaeae
e aeaea eeoiae eioi?iaoeeae, Ae^One^eo?ny
ioeaee, naycaiiua n ieioei enneaaeiaaieai aeinoiaa?iia-^ aei.
,

*a Eieaeei A, ss. Oeac. ni/., n. 87, 88.

47 Ni.: Aii?inu oaieiaiiai i?aaa e i?ioeanna a i?aeoeea Bepv”n”,,”
Noaeia NNN? y ?NON?. 1938-1969 aa. I., 1971, n. 366-380; , 1977, ? 1, n. 25, 29; 1976, ? 1, n. 16-18. ^ i
n. 9-12, 32-35; ? 4, n. 27-30; ? 5, n. 16-18; ? 6, n. 3-7, 1l-^g –

221

iiaeoiaea e ii?aaeaeaieth iniiaaiee eeanneoeeaoeee noauaeoia
aeieacuaaiey48.

Ana o/anoieee oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa i?eieiatho oi
eee eiia o/anoea e a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueii’i aeieacuaaiee,
ii oa?aeoa? e oi?ia yoie eo aeayoaeueiinoe ?acee/iua, a nay-
ce n /ai ia ana iie yaeythony noauaeoaie aeieacuaaiey. Oae,
iai?eia?, aeieacuaaieth niaeaenoaoao i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeue-
iinoue naeaeaoaeae, yenia?oia, iiiyouo, niaoeeaeenoia e ae?oaeo
eeoe, ii iie ia inouanoaeytho aeieacuaaiey a niunea niae?a-
iey, i?iaa?ee e ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, iiyoiio e ia ioiinyo-
ny e noauaeoai aeieacuaaiey.

Enoiaey ec oiai, /oi caeii aeiioneaao i?aaenoaaeaiea aeiea-
caoaeuenoa ethauie a?aaeaeaiaie, o/?aaeaeaieyie, i?aaei?eyoey-
ie e i?aaiecaoeeyie, eo eiiaaea ioiinyo e noauaeoai aeieacu-
aaiey49. Eeoea e i?aaiecaoeee, i?aaenoaaeaoea aeieacaoaeuenoaa>
yaeythony eae au enoi/ieeii iieo/aiey oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo,
na’ie iie ia o/anoaotho a aeieacuaaiee: niae?aiee, i?iaa?ea
e ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa, iiyoiio e ia noaiiayony noauaeoaie
aeieacuaaiey.

N o/aoii i?ioeannoaeueiiai iieiaeaiey e iacia/aiey a aei-
eacuaaiee ioaeaeueiuo o/anoieeia noaeii?iecaiaenoaa -iiaeii
au.ae?eeoue^ne?aeothue^^a?oi^ aei e acu a aAiey.” ]Yoi
i_??aeaea ”ac?ao~Tpyi7ra’-eeae~’1r”opTa1^oa7-^I^—^^eoopUeIe aiceiaeaia
\ aaycaiiinoue'”ananoi?iiiaai, iieiiaie i’auaeo_eaiiai^enneaaei-
aaie’y~i5no6yoaeuen7a aeaea[no. “20 O1AEO. E eo _./.eneo_io1TH__
nyony: noae, noaeuey, i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue, ia/’aeueieae-neaae-
noaaiiiai ioaeaea^i?aaiu aeiciaiey, eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aei-
ciaieaAAnae naiae _aeo?.i.oennnoy.a1Ue1Oe..-aeay1.aaeueia.nouth_aiae_AeIe2e-
i u~a”aa n i a / e o ue on o aiiae50. Anee i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey eee noae
o?aaotho io iaaeiyaiiai, iioa?iaaoaai e ae?oaeo eeoe i?aae-
noaaeoue eiathueany o ieo i?aaeiaou e aeieoiaiou eee, iai?e-
ia?, aeaoue ia?acoeu ii/a?ea aeey n?aaieoaeueiiai enneaaeiaaiey,
oi oai naiui ia ieo ia aiceaaaaony iaycaiiinoue /oi-oi aei-
eacuaaoue. Ai anao yoeo neo/ayo iie ianoo eeoue eiie?aoiua

i?ioeannoaeueiua iaycaiiinoe, iauee niune eioi?uo – ia
i?aiyonoaiaaoue caeiiiui aeaenoaeyi noaea ii niae?aieth e i?i-
aa?ea aeieacaoaeuenoa.

Iniaoth a?oiio noauaeoia aeieacuaaiey ia?acotho aaeaiea-
ou, auiieiythuea a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna iaycaiiinoe caueo-
_JMKOB iaaeiyaiuo eee i?aaenoaaeoaeae iioa?iaaoeo, a?aaeaeai-
neeo enooeia, a?aaeaeaineeo ioaao/eeia. Iie_ia ianoo oie iay-
caiiinoe AeIEssssUAssIEss, EIOI?ssss ANO*EIAE?^ae ia eeo^ ooyayiae^ao-

a no. 20 OIE. I?iaaaaea.iiaeoaa?aeaeaiea eee ii?iaa?aeaiea
ianoiyoaeuenoaAo eacaiiuo aaeaieaoii-caueoieeii eee i?aae-

noaaeoaeai iioa?iaaoaai inouanoaeyaony_i?aaaeaiae_A).a.nne&aei.-
aaieyA e noaeii^Ie aoe iue ‘eneeth/aao ii?aaeaeaiiuo iaycaiii-
noae aaeaieaoa-caueoieea e “‘I?aaenoaaeoaey iioa?iaaoaai ii
o/ anoeth a aeieacuaaiee. 1aeoea iayOaiiinoe. aeaueaiaeea^o?^a-
aeoniio?aiu, a /anoiinoe, no. 51 OIE, onoaiaaeeaathuae, /oi

50 Eo?ueaa N. A. Iniiau oai?ey aeieacuaaiey a niaaoneii i?a-
ainoaeee, n. 109.

223

ne s 2: aa ni e^>s:3:01J-o0e n;OJ h-+aaueJ3 N;1
(U 0s /ft ‘-1 ;>-y;QJ S EcnesXicEC^;0 ctCid0x
X *Ne.=Ji

oa
E
S
|0o oiCDX-i03
a waec:N[=^
s0Q.ny (N yn0rds0(Oe E
N 0Su””to 1 xn1J3
03BOni (e iy .. J. rt 1^-^10 ~a3 naae 0- t-J . IC |- i (*
e srt aoaX:aa s;X (I nisi iy iy ;n t-> ri AI^^s li ii,sS=;aix gt- -°4 s?4-” a-S “x-a ~A 0 N; AA f0 ^
3Ex3Q, ^(0(0 i’53;X TH 050SQ.S 1° CD^ Ol-^C^ – X. 2; 3^SoS- ?5 S^”SIS-S Sm g-e°|” ?J 5&e^ O ? X l ^C^ (U 0 CO x t-SX^-0 Iae- -orU(t>
aQ.>>i^ynn^c: nyi ny^th
>i-
x
>.
Q. ^ VJel0) X U^atx01(Q3(0 > ‘ 0 Ot” q eti.-f ^ 1°-IS ss ?- > ^ = (Q o ssAe Jl-ill I1! I-CO – f3 (I “L-Q- =>’oSa-a-x ‘^m^’ ‘i oa>tt-3 – i

ne? “3 ?>(0 “‘o S0Sg^3C
^CD , ‘ saa n=s “,I t0
X 01(Q3(0 ^ O S 0 -, 1- ic S cl d u – n; i oa s 5 th[= tU t– = is ,s ?sS-siS^e ^5?sa in e 5 °S “^ a i 3 a :ss 1s?>yU; A AU i
e1^S?iSs? n:: S (5 gi a igije> inc 03G a
ae:OJft I>>” f 5sig” / /1-i^i II^Ss0 1 a-ss H’O-a E ey >; >-1^ ^;i0 n; X
-OJ 0esu i – x oa a’l?g a!Sfc,e? =T TO >I?S >-Ur: d (u(U QJ ^J ? I; °^S NI 0no0oni So nae–^sAI d Q. O [Ah- oE S s =( o^ CD NE D-S S 0 1- =1aae na o~ a- ->-
s- ^X 0: (A/^Z\0 0roCO 0CD
1IUt-0)aCJ0-OJ N1. (0 0|001oa ^COID /o2 o1-e -i
CDS(E1-0a0DO-00 ctANe>n;~c’^ 01
Aec>n:n:0Ut0n:1-
Om nu0 0-13e0 N!-n-0 0 D-CU0CLCOV-NIxn?,0et-0S03^SNE
00N;63-a-1^=eLJ
rtl^t?n=A1=1E=0n:^Q0
>

Q.
S-

X

1->

m^0 (U
33d. >^
0
0AeS
e.n;
a00S0(Ux3
eua’0
OQ XSCOCO0:5(UKt-3NIo n:N1-VoaniOJn;-w003flJLT. Lt:5:.’-irD ?: 0A*3: Xao(0
eSCO0gTH430)SS,.
J3e1Aa:0X& s” th
c(0 h-(ICOreoS3:oi nin?oa0: S XS0-X3:V niX 01aeh-‘ L^ (Uu uei|0 =1
a:a’=tNI^0 IT:aa0Uoa ^0IC-1;0N:CQCD CQ? XCL-aC= X
a-A O- O A 1

15 Caeac ? 11506 225

.^.aycaiino1AO/a?oaiaaoue”^^
aeey aaeaieaoa a iaiioiaeeiinoe i^^i^^aoue^aeoeaitha o/anoea
a enneaaeiaaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa, a eo ioeaiea, aeoeaii” eniaeue~
caaaoue~1c^ o1oa?anao__iaaeiy?i?ai~’ii’oa’?i?aoaai ana I?aaeo-
ni’io?aiiua caeiiii niiniau e n?aaenoaa aeey ananoi?iiiaai’,’
iieiiai e iauaeoeaiiai__auyniaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaaea. Ia-
auiieiaiea yoie iaycaiiinoe iiaeao .??aea/ue’ “ca 1niaie a cTF”
iioaiee ^aaeaieaoa ii?aaeaeaiiua ia?u aicaeaenoaey (no. no.
137 40,. 4l,J^onoMeHH^o~6^^BOKa^ype^]PCOCP). ~-

Aua iaeio a?oiio noauaeoia^aeieacuaaiey ia?acotho ia ua –
noaaiiua iaaeieoaee e iauanoaaiiua caueoieee(“no. 250
O IE.). Au?aae1y”. iiaiea i’auanoaai]thnoeeO/anoao’O’O”noaea a –
iii ?acae?aoaeuenoaa, iie iiaoo ni aeaenoaia aoue~enneaaei’a’aie10
aeieacaoaeuenoa, onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu ii aeaeo. ”~~~

11?eioeeieaeueiia i-aee/e? ^o^o->^”” ^.”e^^^iyiey i???ie
a?oaiu io anao inoaeueiuo ninoieo a oii, /oi oieueei ia ieo
aiceiaeaia iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey (no. no. a, zu, ‘/u yiii’K
e ae?.). Iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey – yoi i?aaeaea anaai iaycai-
iinoueeieacuaaiey ca?aiaa iuaeieiooiai e aoi?|’ioee?ia’aiiUe-
ai^oacena~~i aeiiaiinoe5′. A noaeaaiii ?acae?aoaeuenoaa iia
aiceiaeaia ia i?ieo?i?a. Ii Iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey yoi
i?^oieueei iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey aeiu, a e anao eiuo ia-
noiyoaeuenoa, i?aaeonieo?aiiyoOo. W O IE,. Yoi~6ayca’iiinoue
niae?aoue, i?iaa?youe, ioeaieaaoue aeieacaoaeuenoaaAAiAiniiaoaaao&
auaiaeu:’ ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo. Eiaiii a oaeii iiieiaiee
iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey aiceiaeaia ia noae, i?ieo?i?a, nea-
aeiaaoaey e eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, eioi?ua, eae i?aaeo-
niao?eaaao caeii, (no. 20 OIE). A caeiia iacaai
iaaeiyaiue n o/aoii aai iniaiai i?ioeannoaeueiiai iieiaea-
iey, ii, ianiiiaiii, /oi iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey ia iiaeao
ia?aeaaaoueny e ia ae?oaeo eeoe.

3. I?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee a aeieacuaaiee

Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea iiaeao oniaoii ni-
aeaenoaiaaoue i?aainoaeeth, anee a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
nouanoaotho aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeiua i?ioeannoaeueiua aa?ai-

5! Ni.: N a a e oe ey e A. I. Oeac. ni/., n. 167-168; N o ? i ai a y / I. N.
Eo?n niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, o. 1, n. 354-356.

226

oee. I?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee – yoi i?aaeoniio?aiiua ca-
eiiii n?aaenoaa, iai?aaeaiiua ia iaania/aiea i?aaeeueiiai
inouanoaeaiey caaea/ noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ii eaaeaeiio oaieia-
iiio aeaeo.

I?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue a ?aciuo aniaeoao. Yoi i?aaeaea anaai
i?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee i?aainoaeey, aeinoeaeaiey aai oeaeae,
oniaoiiai ?aoaiey caaea/ oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Yoi
aa?aioee i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, a i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey. I?ioeannoaeueiua
aa?aioee iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue a ieaia onoaiiaeaiey iauae-
oeaiie enoeiu ii aeaeo e a aieaa oceii aniaeoa eae aa?ai-
oee iieiiou e aeinoiaa?iinoe oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo i?e iieo-
/aiee eo ec ii?aaeaeaiiuo enoi/ieeia e n iiiiuueth eiie?ao-
iuo neaaenoaaiiuo, noaeaaiuo aeaenoaee. Aaeeinoai anao i?ioean-
noaeueiuo aa?aioee ia eneeth/aao iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?aciianiaeo-
iiai aiaeeca eo niaea?aeaiey. Iniaia cia/aiea eiaao i?iaea-
ia niioiioaiey aa?aioee eioa?ania i?aainoaeey e eioa?ania!
ee/iinoe a oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey.

Aaeeinoai eioa?ania i?aainoaeey e eioa?ania ee/iinoe ii-
?aaeaeyao e aaeeinoai eo i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee. Ana, /oi
neoaeeo onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu, iaania/aieth ?aoaiey caaea/
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, neoaeeo oaeaea e iaania/aieth i?aa ee/ii-
noe. Yoi, iaeiaei, ia eneeth/aao iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?acee/aoue e
niaoeeaeueii enneaaeiaaoue eae i?iaeaio i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?ai-
oee i?aainoaeey, oae e i?iaeaio i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee
i?aa ee/iinoe. Iaaa?iui auei noaeaeaiea, /oi 52. I?ioeannoaeueiay iaoea anaaaea eioa?aniaaeanue eae ia-
ueie i?iaeaiaie aa?aioee i?aainoaeey, oae e iniaaiiinoy-
ie aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa53.
Enneaaeiaaiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee a aniaeoa iaania/a-
iey i?aa e eioa?ania ee/iinoe iaoneiaeeaaaony ?yaeii ia-
noiyoaeuenoa. I?aaeaea anaai oai, /oi ?acee/iua I?ioeannoaeue-

52 Eaieineay A. E. A /ai cia/aiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee
a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. – ,

1950, ? 5, n. 56.

53 Ni.: E O * i a a Y. O. Aa?aioee i?aa ee/iinoe a niaaoneii oai-
eiaiii i?ioeanna. I., 1973; Eiei?aa E. Ae. Iiaenoaeeiue a aiaaoneii
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. Ai?iiaae, 1973; Eoeaoaae/ A. 3. Aa?aioee i?aa
iaaeiyaiiai a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. E., 1969.

15*

227

iua aa?aioee iaiaeeiaeiai aeeytho ia iaania/aiea eioa?ania
i?aainoaeey e eioa?ania ee/iinoe. Aeeyiea iaeieo ec ieo ia
iaania/aiea oao eee eiuo eioa?ania auaaao iaiin?aaenoaai-
iui, a ae?oaeo – iiin?aaenoaiaaiiui, einaaiiui, ioaeaeai-
iui. Iaeie aa?aioee, eae iai?eia?, aiciiaeiinoue eca?aiey
ia? i?ana/aiey, aieueoa naycaiu n iaania/aieai eioa?ania
i?aainoaeey, ae?oaea, eae, iai?eia?, i?aai iaaeiyaiiai aea-
aaoue iieacaiey,- n iaania/aieai eioa?ania ee/iinoe; oioy,
eiia/ii, iiaeii i?ineaaeeoue e aeeyiea ia?aie aa?aioee ia
iaania/aiea eioa?ania ee/iinoe, a aoi?ie – ia iaania/aiea
eioa?ania noaeii?iecaiaenoaa.

Iaiaoiaeeiinoue enneaaeiaaiey i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee a
aniaeoa iaania/aiey eioa?ania ee/iinoe iaoneiaeeaaaony e
aiciiaeiinoueth aicieeiiaaiey eiioeeeoiuo neooaoeee iaaeaeo
iauanoaaiiuie e ee/iuie eioa?anaie a oaieiaiii noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa. I?eioeeieaeueiia aaeeinoai iauanoaaiiuo e ee/iuo
eioa?ania ia eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe eo ianiaiaaeaiey, ii-
?iaeaeaaiie ?acee/iuie i?e/eiaie. A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?a-
oo?a /aua anaai iiae/a?eeaaaony aaeeinoai eioa?ania i?aaino-
aeey e eioa?ania ee/iinoe, auoaeathuaa ec caaea/ noaeii?iec-
aiaenoaa54. Iaeiaei iaeuecy ia caiaoeoue, /oi a oaieiaiii noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa ianiaiaaeaiea iauanoaaiiuo e ee/iuo eioa?a-
nia iiaeii iaaethaeaoue /aua, /ai a ae?oaeo noa?ao ioiioaiee
ainoaea?noaa e a?aaeaeai. Oaeea eiioeeeoiua neooaoeee, iai?e-
ia?, aicieeatho a ‘nayce n i?eiaiaieai i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?e-
ioaeaeaiey e a ae?oaeo neo/ayo. Iie aicieeatho e a nayce n
oai, /oi a oiaea aeieacuaaiey eeoea, aai inouanoaeythuea, en-
oiaey ec eioa?ania noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ii iai?aaeeueii iiie-
iay eo niioiioaiea n eioa?anaie ee/iinoe, eiiaaea aeiionea-

tho ia?ooaiea i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe. Niaa?-
oainoaiaaiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee aeieaeii eneeth/aoue
aeeyiea noauaeoeaiiai oaeoi?a ia ia?ooaiea i?aa e caeii-,
iuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe.

Aeey nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aainoaeey ia aac?acee/ii, eaee-
ie n?aaenoaaie aeinoeaathony aai oeaee. Yoi iaoneiaeeaaao ia-
iaoiaeeiinoue ii?aaeaeyoue nioeeaeueioth oeaiiinoue n?aaenoa oai-,
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey, a oaeaea nioeeaeueioth
oeaiiinoue iauanoaaiiuo e ee/iuo eioa?ania, e eioi?ui oa
eee eiua i?ioeannoaeueiua n?aaenoaa eiatho iaiin?aaenoaaiiia
ioiioaiea. O/eouaay nioeeaeueioth oeaiiinoue eiie?aoiuo eioa-

54 Ni.: No.?iaia e / I. N. I i?aaao ee/iinoe a niaaoneii oaieia-
iii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. – , 1976, ? 10, .
n. 74.

228

?ania ee/iinoe, ainoaea?noai aa?ao eo iiae i?aaiaoth io?aio,
i?aa?auay eo a caeiiiua eioa?anu ee/iinoe. Yoi ioiineony
e e oai ioaeaeueiui neo/ayi, eiaaea eioa?anu ee/iinoe anoo-
iatho a eiioeeeo n eioa?anaie i?aainoaeey. Oae, iai?eia?, n
oi/ee c?aiey eioa?ania i?aainoaeey e onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu
aeaeaoaeueii, /oiau iaaeiyaiua anaaaea aeaaaee i?aaaeeaua ii-
eacaiey, ii yoi ia anaaaea niioaaonoaoao eioa?anai naieo ia-
aeiyaiuo, a /anoiinoe, eo i?aai ia caueoo. A aeaiiii neo-
/aa caeiiiaeaoaeue a ea/anoaa caeiiiiai eioa?ana iaaeiyaiiai
i?aaeoniio?ae aai i?aai, a ia iaycaiiinoue aeaaaoue iieacaiey
e ia onoaiiaee ioaaonoaaiiinoue iaaeiyaiiai ca aea/o eiaeiuo
iieacaiee.

Caeeth/aiea iaaeiyaiiai iiae no?aaeo a ea/anoaa ia?u i?a-
na/aiey i?eiaiyaony eeoue ii aeaeai i i?anooieaieyo, ca ei-
oi?ua i?aaeoniio?aii iaeacaiea a aeaea eeoaiey naiaiaeu ia
n?ie nauoa iaeiiai aiaea e a eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo – ee-
oaiea naiaiaeu ia n?ie ia nauoa iaeiiai aiaea. Ii ae?oaei aea-
eai eca?aiea yoie ia?u i?ana/aiey ia aeiioneaaony, i?e/ai
aeaaea oiaaea, eiaaea anoue iniiaaiey iieaaaoue, /oi iaaeiyaiue
aoaeao aeeyoue ia oiae aeieacuaaiey e iaoaoue onoaiiaeaieth
enoeiu. A aeaiiii neo/aa eioa?anai ee/iinoe ioaeaii i?aae-
ii/oaiea, ianiio?y ia oi, /oi yoi iiaeao io?eoeaoaeueii
neacaoueny ia i?ioeanna aeieacuaaiey. Iiaeiaiuo neooaoeee a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iaiaei.

A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a iauai?eiyoui yaeyaony ii-
?aaeaeaiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee eae n?aaenoa e oneiaee,
iaania/eaathueo ?aoaiea caaea/ i?aainoaeey e io?aio i?aa
ee/iinoe. Ii ii aii?ino ia eo aeaeao e nouiinoe auneacaiu
naiua ?acee/iua noaeaeaiey, /anoi caeeth/athueany a no?ai-
eaiee iaeoe aeey i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee eaeia-oi iaeiicia/-
iia ii?aaeaeaiea, iieacaoue eaeia-oi iaeii, ?aoathuaa n?aaeno-
ai a ea/anoaa oaeeo aa?aioee. Ii i?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee
iaeuecy naanoe e eaeiio-eeai aaeeinoaaiiiio n?aaenoao, iaania-
/eaathuaio aeinoeaeaiea oeaeae i?aainoaeey e io?aio i?aa ee/-
iinoe. Ananoi?iiiaa auyniaiea anao oaeeo n?aaenoa aeieaeii.
niaeaenoaiaaoue aieaa oniaoiiio ?aoaieth caaea/ aeieacuaaiey,
a oaeaea niaa?oainoaiaaieth naiie nenoaiu i?ioeannoaeueiuo
aa?aioee.

A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao-
?eaaoue ?acee/iua no?oeoo?iua ia?aciaaiey, einoeooou oai-
eiaiiai i?ioeanna, ?acee/iua noi?iiu oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
Iie aeayoaeueiinoe e ioiioaiee. I?ioeannoaeueiua aa?aioee-
i?aaeoniio?aiiua caeiiii ia?u e n?aaenoaa, iaania/eaathuea

22&

aeinoeaeaiea oeaeae i?aainoaeey e io?aio i?aa ee/iinoe, aanue-
ia ?aciiia?aciu, /oi ia iicaieyao aeaoue ei iaeiicia/iia ii-
?aaeaeaiea eee i?eaanoe eo en/a?iuaathuee ia?a/aiue. Iaeia-
ei yoi ia eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe oeacaoue eo iniiaiua aeaeu.

1. E i?ioeannoaeueiui aa?aioeyi iaiaoiaeeii ioianoe i?i-
oeannoaeueiua ii?iu, cae?aieaiiua a ieo i?aaa e iaycaiii-
noe o/anoieeia noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. A?yae ee ieiaeioai?iui
iiaeii i?eciaoue nii? i oii, /oi yaeyaony aa?aioeae: i?aaa
e iaycaiiinoe, cae?aieaiiua a ii?iao, eee ii?iu, cae?ai-
eythuea i?aaa e iaycaiiinoe. Eeoue a aaeeinoaa yoe eaoaai-
?ee iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue a ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie aa-
?aioee.

A. A. Ia?oui/ee iieaaaao, /oi noauaeoeaiua i?aaa ee/-
iinoe iaeuecy ioiineoue e i?ioeannoaeueiui aa?aioeyi, iineieue-
eo <...nai ii naaa oaeo iaee o iaaeiyaiiai noauaeoeaiuo i aac iaaeeaaeauaai cae n iiiiuueth eioi iaania eo iiaeao e ia yoeo a aeaeea oi>55. Yoi auei au aa?ii, anee au oieueei noauaeoea-
iua i?aaa ee/iinoe ?anniao?eaaeenue a ea/anoaa aa?aioee,
ii iie yaeythony iaeiei ec caaiueaa a iauae nenoaia i?ioean-
noaeueiuo aa?aioee. A oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iaeie noau-
aeoeaiua i?aaa ee/iinoe yaeythony aa?aioeae ae?oaeo noauae-
oeaiuo i?aa. Oae, iai?eia?, aa?aioeae onoaiiaeaiey enoe-
iu yaeyaony i?aai iaaeiyaiiai ia caueoo, i?ioeannoaeueiie
aa?aioeae, iaania/eaathuae i?aai iaaeiyaiiai ia caueoo,
yaeyaony aai i?aai ciaoue, a /ai ii iaaeiyaony, a aa?aioeae
yoiai i?aaa yaeyaony aai i?aai ciaeiieoueny n iaoa?eaeaie
oaieiaiiai aeaea, iieo/eoue eiieth iaaeieoaeueiiai caeeth/a-
iey e o. ae.

2. E i?ioeannoaeueiui aa?aioeyi iaiaoiaeeii ioianoe i?ei-
oeeiu noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. I?eioeeiu cae?aieythony a i?aaiauo
ii?iao, ii yoi ia eeoaao eo naiinoiyoaeueiiai cia/aiey eae
i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee ia?yaeo n i?ioeannoaeueiuie ii?ia-
ie. Yoi iaoneiaeeaaaony oai, /oi iaeioi?ua i?eioeeiu i?i-
oeanna, eae iniiaiua i?aaiaua eaeae, enoiaeiua iieiaeaiey ca-
e?aieaiu ia a eiie?aoiie ii?ia, a auoaeatho ec nenoaiu i?i-
oeannoaeueiuo ii?i; e?iia oiai, ia eneeth/aaony aiciiaeiinoue
iaiieiiai io?aaeaiey a ioaeaeueiuo ii?iao i?eioeeiia i?ioean-
na, e oiaaea a eiie?aoiie neooaoeee ia ii?ia i?aaa, eiathuay

55 Ia?oui/ee A. A. Noauaeoeaiua i?aaa iaaeiyaiiai e eo i?i-
oeannoaeueiua aa?aioee. – , 1976, ? 7,
n. 92.

230

e iae iaiin?aaenoaaiiia ioiioaiea, a eiaiii i?eioeei i?i-
oeanna i?iyaeyaony eae aa?aioey aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae i?aaino-
aeey, io?aiu i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe. A ea/ano-
aa oaeeo aa?aioee iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue, a /anoiinoe,
oaeea i?eioeeiu i?ioeanna eae: ananoi?iiiaa, iieiia e iauae-
oeaiia enneaaeiaaiea ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea, ninoycaoaeueiinoue no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa, iacaaeneiinoue noaeae, i?acoiioeey iaaeiia-
iinoe, iaania/aiea iaaeiyaiiio i?aaa ia caueoo e ae?.

3. A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie aa?aioee aunooiaao oaieia-
ii-i?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia56. Iia iaania/eaaao iaiaoiaeeiua
oneiaey onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu, ?aoaiey anao caaea/ i?aaino-
aeey, iaeaieaa iieiia inouanoaeaiea i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa-
?ania ee/iinoe. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?ai-
oee i?aaeaea anaai caeeth/aaony a niaa?oainoaiaaiee i?ioean-
noaeueiie oi?iu. Aa ?acaeoea aiciiaeii eae iooai aaaaeaiey
iiauo, aeiiieieoaeueiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo ii?i, a ecaanoiie-
noaiaie i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io, oae e iooai
aa . Eaaeaeia ec oaeeo ?aoaiee aeieaeii auoue i?a-
aeaeueii iainiiaaiiui. Ouaoaeueiiio aiaeeco aeieaeii iiaeaa?-
aaoueny eaaeaeia i?aaeeiaeaiea, iai?aaeaiiia ia
i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu, oae eae ?aaeecaoeey oaeeo i?aaeeiaea-
iee iiaeao i?eaanoe e eeeaeaeaoeee i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee.
I?aaeeiaeaiey ii i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu iain-
iiauaathony ?aciuie niia?aaeaieyie”, i?e/ai i?eaiaeyony
iaeiinoi?iiiea e iioiio iaoaaaeeoaeueiua a?aoiaiou, oaeea,
iai?eia?, eae iaiaoiaeeiinoue iaania/eoue iia?aoeaiinoue e au-
no?ioo noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, eee oaeea, eae , iaeioi?uo oaieiaiuo aeae. A ?aoaiee aeaiiiai aii?ina
ioaeii ananoi?iiia o/eouaaoue ana aiciiaeiua iineaaenoaey
i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu e iai?aiaiii oi, eae
yoi io?aceony ia ananoi?iiiai enneaaeiaaiee ianoiyoaeuenoa
aeaea, ia iaania/aiee i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe.
Iaeuecy i?e yoii ia o/eouaaoue enoi?e/aneee iiuo ?acaeoey
i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa, oi, /oi, niaa?oainoaoy
aai, caeiiiaeaoaeue ono?aiye oaeea oi?iuaiey i?ioeannoaeueiie
oi?iu, ‘eioi?ua iiaee i?eaanoe e ia?ooaieth caeiiiinoe.

Aa I i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?ia ni.: TH?eaee/aneay i?ioeannoaeueiay oi?-
Ii, Iiae iau. ?aae. I. A. Iaaeaaeei e A. I. Ai?oaiaaa, I., 1976.

57 Ni.: Iaoeaae/ I. O. I?ioeannoaeueiua oi?iu oaieiaiiai no-
aeee ?iecaiaenoaa ioaeii aeeooa?aioee?iaaoue. – , 1974,
? 9, n. 54-56; O i i e i A. O. Iao/iay i?aaiecaoeey noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
n ‘iiceoeee i?ioeannoaeenoa. – A ei.: I?iaeaiu niaaoneiai ainoaea?noaa
E i?aaa, aui. 3. E?eoone, 1972, n. 147-148.

231

Iiaeii e ioaeii niaa?oainoaiaaoue i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io
e oi?iuaoue ii?iu, ia yaeythueany aa?aioeyie eioa?ania
ee/iinoe e i?aainoaeey, ii, eae aa?ii caiaoee A. I. Naaeoe-
eee, iaeuecy ie oi?acaeiyoue, ie oi?iuaoue i?ioeannoaeueiua aa-
?aioee58. Yoi iiaeao i?eaanoe eeuue e io?eoeaoaeueiui iineaae-
noaeyi.

I?ioeannoaeueiay oi?ia yaeyaony aaaeiie aa?aioeae aeinoe-
aeaiey oeaeae i?aainoaeey, iaania/aiey i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa-
?ania ee/iinoe a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ii iia oaeo a
naaa e ii?aaeaeaiioth iianiinoue, naycaiioth n aiciiaeiinoueth
i?aa?auaiey oi?iu a oi?iaeeci, io?eoeaoaeueii aeeythuee
ia ?aoaiea caaea/ oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. Iauai?eciaii, /oi
oaaaeaiea e i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?ia ia aeieaeii i?eaiaeeoue e
oi?iaeecio. Ii, enoiaey ec yoiai aa?iiai iieiaeaiey, eiiaaea
aeiioneatho noaeaeaiey, eioi?ua, nei?aa, iai?aaeaiu ia i?ioea
oi?iaeecia, a i?ioea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu. Oae, oi?ia-
eeci iaeioi?uo i?aaee aeaeyo a oii, /oi iie o?aaotho ioiaiu
i?eaiai?a, eiaaea yeiau iao niiiaiee a aai iainiiaaiiinoe/a
nayce n /ai i?aaeeaaatho, iai?eia?, ioeacaoueny io i?aaeea,
i?aaeoniao?eaathuaai, /oi i?eaiai? iiaeeaaeeo ioiaia, anee a
noaeaaiii canaaeaiee ia o/anoaiaae caueoiee, eiaaea aai o/a-
noea auei iaycaoaeueiui, a oaeaea io i?aaeea, i?aaeoniao?e-
aathuaai, /oi i?eaiai? iiaeeaaeeo ioiaia, anee a oaieiaiii
aeaea iao aeoa i i?aaeaiee iaaeiyaiiai noaeo58. I?aaeea yoe
yaeythony iaiaoiaeeiui oneiaeai onoaiiaeaiey enoeiu, on-
iaoiiai ?aoaiey caaea/ i?ioeanna, caueou i?aa ee/iinoe, io-
nooieaiea io ieo yaeyaony nouanoaaiiui ia?ooaieai i?i-
oeannoaeueiie oi?iu e oaea yoi noaaeo iiae niiiaiea auaiaeu
noaea a i?eaiai?a, iainiiaaiiinoue ?acoeueoaoia oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey.

4. A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie aa?aioee iaiaoiaeeii ?an-
niao?eaaoue aeayoaeueiinoue o/anoieeia noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Oieue-
ei oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue iaania/eaaao aei-
noeaeaiea caaea/ aeieacuaaiey, oeaeae i?aainoaeey, niaeaenoaoao
?aaeueiiio inouanoaeaieth i?aa e eioa?ania ee/iinoe a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Oi, /oi yoa aeayoaeueiinoue oi?ie?o-

58 Ni.: Ioaeii ee eciaiyoue i?ioeannoaeueioth oi?io a oaieiaiii no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa? – , 1974, ? 8, n. 66.

59 Ni.: Iioiaee ia ea? ss. I. I nouanoaa aeaea e oi?iao oaieia-

iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. – , 1976, ? 11,
n. 73-76.

232

aony ia oieueei iiae aeeyieai oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo
n?aaenoa, a e ae?oaeo oaeoi?ia (eaeaieiae/aneeo, i?aaiecaoee-
iiiuo e o. ae.), ia eeoaao aa oa?aeoa?a i?ioeannoaeueiie aa-
?aioee, eae eiiaaea iieaaatho60. Iia inouanoaeyaony a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e i?aaeaea anaai ia iniiaaiee oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. A?yae ee iiaoo
auoue eaeea-eeai niiiaiey a oii, /oi i?e inouanoaeaiee no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa aa?aioeae oniaoiiai aeieacuaaiey, onoaiia-
eaiey enoeiu e iaania/aiey i?e yoii i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa-
?ania ee/iinoe neoaeeo i?ioeannoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue neaaeiaa-
oaey, i?ieo?i?a, aaeaieaoa, noaea. Eae i?ioeannoaeueioth aa?ai-
oeth iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue e o/anoea iauanoaaiiinoe a
oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, a /anoiinoe, aeayoaeueiinoue iaua-
noaaiiuo iaaeieoaeae, caueoieeia. N?aaee anao yoeo aeaeia
i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe a ea/anoaa aa?aioee i?aa e ei-
oa?ania ee/iinoe iniaia ianoi, ianiiiaiii, i?eiaaeeaaeeo aeay-
oaeueiinoe caueoieea e aaeaieaoa – i?aaenoaaeoaey iioa?iaa-
oaai.

Iiauoaiea yooaeoeaiinoe oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiie aeay-
oaeueiinoe ai iiiaii ?anoe?yao aa?aioee aeinoeaeaiey caaea/
i?ioeanna e iaania/aiey i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe
. a oiaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeuthai aeieacuaaiey.

5. A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie aa?aioee iaiaoiaeeii ?an-
niao?eaaoue nouanoaothuoth a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ne-
noaio i?iaa?ee iainiiaaiiinoe i?eieiaaiuo ?aoaiee, ne-
noaio eiio?iey ca caeiiiinoueth i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeaenoaee.
Ia eaaeaeie noaaeee i?ioeanna ananoi?iiia auyniyaony, ia au-
ei ee aeiiouaii ionooieaiea io ii?yaeea aeieacuaaiey, ia?o-
oaiea i?aa e eioa?ania ee/iinoe a i?aaeoanoaothueo noaaee-
yo i?ioeanna. Yooaeoeaiinoue yoie nenoaiu i?iaa?ee e eiio-
?iey caaeneo io ?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe o/anoieeia i?ioeanna
naiaiaeii iaaeaeiaaoue ethaia iacaeiiiia, iaiainiiaaiiia aeae-
noaea e ?aoaiea eeoe e i?aaiia, inouanoaeythueo noaeii?iec-
aiaenoai.

6. Nouanoaaiiie aa?aioeae aeinoeaeaiey caaea/ aeieacuaa-
iey, io?aiu i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe a oaieia-
iii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yaeythony nenoaia i?ioeannoaeueiiai
i?eioaeaeaiey, i?ioeannoaeueiua naieoeee. Eo i?eiaiaiea, a
oaeaea oaea iaeia aiciiaeiinoue oaeiai i?eiaiaiey niaeaenoaotho
onoaiiaeaieth enoeiu, io?aia noauaeoeaiuo i?aa ee/iinoe.
?acaeoea aeaiiie i?ioeannoaeueiie aa?aioee aiciiaeii eae io-

60 Ni.: Eooeiaa Y. O. Oeac. ni/., n. 12-13.

233

oai ooi/iaiey iaueo iniiaaiee i?eiaiaiey i?ioeannoaeueiiai
i?eioaeaeaiey, oae e aai eiie?aoiuo aeaeia, a oaeaea oneiaee
eo i?eiaiaiey.

A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie aa?aioee neaaeoao ?anniao?e-
aaoue naieoeee eae ?aciiaeaeiinoue i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?eioaeaea-
iey. Anoue iiaiea, /oi 61. A aeaiiii neo/aa ia o/eouaa-
thony ana aiciiaeiua i?ioeannoaeueiua ioiioaiey a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Iaeioi?ua ia?u, i?eiaiyaiua a oaieia-
iii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, iai?eia? oaeea, eae oo?ao a ioii-
oaiee ii?o/eoaeae e niaoeeaeenoia (no. no. 94, 1331 OIE),.
oaeaeaiea iaaeiyaiiai, iioa?iaaoaai ec caea noaeaa-
iiai canaaeaiey ca ia?ooaiea ii?yaeea (no. 263 OIE)
e ae?oaea, iieiinoueth iiaeiaaeatho iiae iniiaiua i?eciaee iiiy-
oey naieoeee. E?iia oiai, iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue e iniaue oa-
?aeoa? naieoeee a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii i?aaa, eioi?ua ca-
eeth/athony a i?aaeeao ia ioiaia iacaeiiiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo
?aoaiee, i ainnoaiiaeaiee ia?ooaiiiai i?aaa e o. ae.

7. A nenoaia i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee iniaia ianoi i?e-
iaaeeaaeeo nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe. (no. 4 Eiinoeoooeee NNN?).

Aunooiay ia iaeneii (1977 a.) Ieaioia OeE EINN n aei-
eeaaeii i i?iaeoa Eiinoeoooeee NNN?, E. E. A?aaeiaa aiai-
?ee: , 1976, ? 5, n. 36.

234

aeoaeuenoai ii niaa?oainoaiaaieth niaaoneeo caeiiia, .nicaea-
ieth oaa?aeuo aa?aioee i?ioea eaeeo-eeai ia?ooaiee i?yi
a?aaeaeai, ceioiio?aaeaiee aeanoueth, ath?ie?aoe/aneeo eca?a-
uaiee. Eae au iaiauay ana yoe aa?aioee, i?iaeo iiae/a?ee-
aaao, /oi niaethaeaiea Eiinoeoooeee e caeiiia aiaiyaony a iay-
caiiinoue anai i?aaiai ainoaea?noaa e aeieaeiinoiui eeoeai,
iauanoaaiiui i?aaiecaoeeyi e a?aaeaeaiai>62.

I?aaiu, i?ecaaiiua noiyoue ia no?aaea nioeeaeenoe/aneie
caeiiiinoe, i?aaeaea anaai naie aeieaeiu ooieoeeiie?iaaoue a
no?iaii niioaaonoaee n iae. Caeiiiinoue a inouanoaeaiee no-
aeii?iecaiaenoaa i?iyaeyaony: a i?aaiecaoeee i?aaiia ?annea-
aeiaaiey e noaea ia iniiaa caeiia e a niioaaonoaee n iei; a
?anneaaeiaaiee e ?anniio?aiee oaieiaiuo aeae a oi/iii niio-
aaonoaee n i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiii; a i?aaeeueiii i?eiaia-
iee oaieiaiiai caeiia e eiuo ii?i iaoa?eaeueiiai i?aaa.
Ii yoei ia ia?aie/eaaaony i?iyaeaiea caeiiiinoe a noaeii?i-
ecaiaenoaa. Iia yaeyaony i?eioeeiii aeayoaeueiinoe ia oieueei
eeoe, inouanoaeythueo noaeii?iecaiaenoai, ii e anao ae?oaeo o/a-
noieeia i?ioeanna. Noaeaeaiea i oii, /oi , a oi a?aiy eae oaeia ia?ooaiea63, a?yae ee i?aaeeueii ?an-
e?uaaao nouiinoue nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe. Ionooiea-
ieai io caeiiiinoe a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa yaeyaony
ethaia ia?ooaiea caeiia ethaui aai o/anoieeii. I?e/ai ia’
?ooaiea i?ioeannoaeueiiai caeiia ni noi?iiu a?aaeaeai, ia’
i?eia? eaeanaeaeaoaeuenoai, iiaeao auoue ii naiei iineaaenoae-
yi aieaa oyaeeei a ioiioaiee i?aa e eioa?ania ee/iinoe,
eiaoue aieaa io?eoeaoaeueiua iineaaenoaey aeey i?aainoaeey, /ai
iaeioi?ua ionooieaiey io caeiiiinoe ni noi?iiu aeieaeiino-
iuo eeoe. E oiio aea eaeanaeaeaoaeuenoai iiaeao noaoue eiaiii
ia?ooaieai ?aaeeia caeiiiinoe. Aai io?eoeaoaeueiia aeeyiea

ia aeieacuaaiea ianiiiaiii.

Oe?aieaiea a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa nioeeaeenoe/a-
neie caeiiiinoe ai anao aa i?iyaeaieyo yaeyaony iaeiie ec
iniiaiuo aa?aioee aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae i?aainoaeey, iaania/a-
iey i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe. Eiaiii iiyoiio
Eiiioienoe/aneay ia?oey oaeaeyao <...iinoiyiiia aieiaiea niaa aeayoaeueiinoe ieeeoeee i no->, 1977, ? 8, n. 39-40.

63 Ni.: Aeaenaaa N. N. Nioeeaeueiay oeaiiinoue i?aaa a niaaoneii

iauanoaa. I., 1971, n. 181-182.

f 235

aeia, i?aaiia thnoeoeee, eioi?ua noiyo ia no?aaea niaaoneie ca-
eiiiinoe, eioa?ania niaaoneiai iauanoaa, i?aa niaaoneeo
a?aaeaeai>64.

4. ?ieue i?acoiioeee a aeieacuaaiee.
I?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe

A oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii aeieacuaaiee ii?aaeaeaiioth
?ieue ea?atho i?acoiioeee, ia iniiaaiee eioi?uo iiaeii eiia-
aea noaeeoue i nouanoaiaaiee oao eee eiuo oaeoia, iiaeeaaea-
ueo aeieacuaaieth. A iauanoaaiiie aeecie i?acoiioeee aic-
ieeaee i?aaeaea anaai yiie?e/aneei iooai, a ?acoeueoaoa ia-
aethaeaiey iiaoi?ythuaeny onoie/eaie acaeiinayce iaaeaeo io-
aeaeueiuie yaeaieyie, niauoeyie, oaeoaie. ?acaeoea iaoee,
niaa?oainoaiaaiea ciaiee i?eaaei e aeeyieth ia ia?aciaa-
iea i?acoiioeee e aeaaeoeoeaiiai iaoiaea; i?acoiioeee noaee
au?aaeaoue iao/ioth caeiiiia?iinoue. >

I?acoiioeey – yoi i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiia ciaiea. Iia ii-
caieyao n aunieie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe noaeeoue i oii, /oi
iau/iay naycue, iiaeoaa?aeaeaiiay iaoeie, i?aeoeeie e nouano-
aothuay iaaeaeo yaeaieyie, niauoeyie, oaeoaie, i?enoua e
eiie?aoiiio ?anniao?eaaaiiio neo/ath.

Aeey i?acoiioeee oa?aeoa?iu neaaeothuea i?eciaee: a) iie
yaeythony neaaenoaeai iaaethaeaiee ca onoie/eaie, /anoi ii-
, aoi?ythuaeny acaeiinaycueth yaeaiee, niauoee, oaeoia e o. ae.,
‘iaiauaieai yoeo iaaethaeaiee, a oaeaea au?aaeaieai ii?aaea-
,; eaiiuo iao/iuo caeiiiia?iinoae yoie acaeiinayce; a) iie
iicaieytho ia iniiaa iaeieo oaeoia noaeeoue i nouanoaiaaiee
ae?oaeo; a) i?acoiioeee au?aaeatho i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiua, a ia
aeinoiaa?iua ciaiey, n eo iiiiuueth iiaeii eeoue n ii?aaeaeai-
iie noaiaiueth aa?iyoiinoe noaeeoue i nouanoaiaaiee oao eee
eiuo yaeaiee, niauoee, oaeoia.

Oaeei ia?acii, i?acoiioeey – yoi i?aaeei, auoaeathuaa
ec iiiai/eneaiiuo iaaethaeaiee e iaiauaiee onoie/eaie
acaeiinayce iaaeaeo niauoeyie, yaeaieyie, oaeoaie e o. ae.,
niaeanii eioi?iio ia iniiaaiee nouanoaiaaiey iaeieo niau-
* oae, yaeaiee, oaeoia iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueii noaeeoue i no-
uanoaiaaiee ae?oaeo niauoee, yaeaiee, oaeoia.

I?acoiioeee auaatho anoanoaaiiuie e i?aaiauie. Caeii
aaiaeeo i?acoiioeee, i?iaa?aiiua iaoeie e i?aeoeeie, niinia-
noaoy oai naiui aieaa oniaoiiio ?aoaieth caaea/ i?aaiai-
ai ?aaoee?iaaiey iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee. Aeey i?aaiauo

64 Iaoa?eaeu XXV nuacaea EINN. I” 1976, n. 82.
236

o?acoiioeee oa?aeoa?iu iauea i?eciaee, ii iie ioee/athony
ae iniauie /a?oaie. I?aaiaua i?acoiioeee – yoi i?aaeea,

-cae?aieaiiua a i?aaiauo ii?iao eee auoaeathuea ec ieo e
i?eiaiyaiua a i?aaiaie noa?a. Iniaaiiinoueth i?aaiauo i?a-
coiioeee yaeyaony oi, /oi ia iniiaa iaeioi?uo ec ieo aic-
iiaeii aeaeaoue ia i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiua auaiaeu, a auaiaeu, ia

-iiaeeaaeauea ii?iaa?aeaieth. Oae, iai?eia?, caeii i?aaeoniao-
?eaaao, /oi e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe iiaoo i?eaeaeaoueny

-eeoue eeoea, eioi?ui aei niaa?oaiey i?anooieaiey eniieie-

-einue 16 eao, a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo – 14 eao (no. 10 OE).

-I?aaeei yoi enoiaeeo ec i?acoiioeee, /oi eeoea, ia aeinoeaoea
^oeacaiiiai aic?anoa, ia iniciatho a aeieaeiie ia?a iauanoaai-
:iie iianiinoe naieo aeaenoaee e iioiio iaeuecy eo i?eciaoue
aeiiaiuie a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey. ?acoiaaony, aiciiae-
iinoue iniciaiiiai iiaaaeaiey eeoe, ia aeinoeaoeo oeacaiiiai

-aic?anoa, ia eneeth/aaony n o/aoii eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai ?acaeoey

-ee/iinoe, ii caeii n/eoaao iaoeaeaniia?aciui i?eieiaoue ai
.aieiaiea yoe eneeth/aiey ec iauaai i?aaeea e iiyoiio ia

-aeiioneaao aeieacuaaiey oaeoa, /oi oioy eeoei e ia aeinoeaei
16 eee 14 eao, ii a neeo naiaai ?acaeoey iiaeao auoue i?e-
ciaii aeiiaiui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey. A iiaeiaiuo

-neo/ayo aiai?yo i nouanoaiaaiee iaii?iaa?aeeiuo i?aaiauo

-i?acoiioeee. Yoei, a /anoiinoe, i?aaiaua i?acoiioeee ioee/a-
thony io iai?aaiauo. Oieueei i?aaeeueiaa aiai?eoue ia i i?a-
coiioeeyo ii?iaa?aeeiuo e iaii?iaa?aeeiuo, oae eae naia
.i?acoiioeey ia iiaeao auoue oaeiaie, a ia ii?iaa?aeeiuo eee
iaii?iaa?aeeiuo auaiaeao, eioi?ua aeaeathony ia iniiaaiee
i?acoiioeee, i oii, /oi ii?iaa?aiooa aiciiaeiinoue i?eiaiaiey
i?acoiioeee a eiie?aoiii neo/aa.

Oaeei ia?acii, i?aaiaua i?acoiioeee – yoi i?aaeoniio-
?aiiua ii?iaie i?aaa eee auoaeathuea ec ieo i?aaeea, ni-
aeanii eioi?ui ia iniiaaiee onoaiiaeaiiuo th?eaee/aneeo

-oaeoia iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoaeueii eee ooaa?aeeoaeueii noaeeoue
‘i nouanoaiaaiee ae?oaeo oaeoia, naycaiiuo n ia?auie.

I?aaiaua i?acoiioeee auaatho iauai?aaiauie e io?anea-
iuie, iaoa?eaeueiuie e i?ioeannoaeueiuie.

Aeaenoaea i?acoiioeee eanaaony ?acee/iuo noi?ii i?aai-
aiai ?aaoee?iaaiey iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee65, ii a oaieia-
ei-i?ioeannoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ii onoaiiaeaieth iauaeoea-
iie enoeiu iie eiatho iniaia cia/aiea66. I?acoiioeee niaeae-

65 Ni.: Aaaaaa A. E. I?acoiioeee a niaaoneii i?aaa. Ai?ueeee, 1974.

66 Ni.: E a ieineay A. E. O/aiea i i?aaiauo i?acoiioeeyo a oai-
aeiaiii i?ioeanna. I.-E., 1948.

237

noaoaio i?ioeanno iiciaiey e, a /anoiinoe, aeieacuaaieth a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo aeaeatho ai-
iaua eceeoiei aeieacuaaiea oao eee eiuo oaeoia, nouano-
aiaaiea eioi?uo ia aeieacuaaaony, a i?acthie?oaony.

Aeey oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey ii?aaeaeaiiia
cia/aiea eiatho anoanoaaiiua (iai?aaiaua) i?acoiioeee.
A oiaea ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa neaaeiaa-
oaee, i?ieo?i?u, noaeuee, onoaiiaea oa eee eiua oaeou e o/e-
ouaay anoanoaaiiue oiae niauoee, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue i?acoiioeey-
ie, aeaeatho auaiaeu i nouanoaiaaiee eee ianouanoaiaaiee
ae?oaeo oaeoia.

Aeeytho ia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea e iaua-
i?aaiaua i?acoiioeee. Iai?eia?, oaeay i?acoiioeey, eae cia-
iea caeiia. A ioiioaiee niaa?oeaoaai i?anooieaiea iao ia-
iaoiaeeiinoe aeieacuaaoue, /oi ii ciae caeii, i?aaeoniao?eaath-
uee ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca niaa?oaiiia ei i?anooieaiea. Cia-
iea caeiia – i?acthie?oaony. Iaeiaei aiciiaeiu iniaua, en-
eeth/eoaeueiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, a neeo eioi?uo niaa?oeaoee
i?anooieaiea ia oieueei ia ciae, ii e ia iia ciaoue caeii,.
i?aaeoniao?eaathuee oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca niaa?oai–
iia ei aeaenoaea. Yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia ionoonoaee oiunea,
aeiu e eneeth/aao oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue. Iiyoiio cia-
iea caeiia i?acthie?oaony, ii n o/aoii iniauo ianoiyoaeuenoa
iiaeao auoue e ii?iaa?aiooi.

Iniaia cia/aiea aeey oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaa-
iey eiatho oaieiaii-i?aaiaua i?acoiioeee. Iie aeeytho ia
ioiineiinoue aeieacaoaeuenoa, ia i?aaeiao aeieacuaaiey, ii?aaea-
eyy, a /anoiinoe, oaeou, ia iiaeeaaeauea aeieacuaaieth. Iaeia
ec oaeeo i?acoiioeee, naycaiiay n oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth
ianiaa?oaiiieaoieo (no. 10 OE), auea ?anniio?aia ?aiueoa,

I?eia?ii oaieiaii-i?aaiaie i?acoiioeee iiaoo auoue i?a-
aeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiua no. no. 48, 49 OE ?NON? e onoaiaa-
eeaathuea aeaaiinoue i?eaea/aiey e oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
e aeaaiinoue eniieiaiey iaaeieoaeueiiai i?eaiai?a. Niaeanii
yoie i?acoiioeee, anee enoaeee ii?aaeaeaiiua aeaaiinoiua n?i-
ee, oi eeoei, niaa?oeaoaa i?anooieaiea, ?anniao?eaaaony, eae
ia i?aaenoaaeythuaa iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe. I?e/ai auaiae
yoio, i?aaeea, eceiaeaiiua a no. no. 48, 49 OE, ia iiaeeaaeao
ii?iaa?aeaieth.

N oaieiaii-i?aaiaie i?acoiioeeae naycaii i?aaeei, ecei-
aeaiiia a no. 12 OE e i?aaeoniao?eaathuaa, /oi eeoei, niaa?-
oeaoaa i?anooieaiea a ninoiyiee iiueyiaiey, ia inaiaiaeaeaao-
ny io oaieiaiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. I?acoiioeey a aeaiiii neo-

/aa ninoieo a oii, /oi anee niaa?oeaoee i?anooieaiea iaai-
aeeeny a ninoiyiee iiueyiaiey, oi yoi ia eneeth/aao aai ?anno-
aeeoaeueiiai iiaaaeaiey, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, e ioaaonoaaiiinoe :ia
niaa?oaiiia i?anooieaiea. Ii iineaaeiaa iiaeao auoue o ii?i-
aa?aiooi, anee iiueyiaiea niioonoaiaaei ineoe/aneiio ?an-
.na?ienoao (iaoieiae/aneia iiueyiaiea), eneeth/athuaio aia-
iyaiinoue eeoea. Nouanoaotho e ae?oaea oaieiaii-i?aaiaueaea i?a-
coiioeee.

Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua i?acoiioeee. N?aaee oaieiaii-
i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?acoiioeee iniaia ianoi caieiaao i?acoii-
oeey iaaeiiaiinoe. Ii cia/aiea aa ia naiaeeony eeoue AE aeey-
ieth ia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea, aai iaiaoiaee-
ii ?anniao?eaaoue oe?a: i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe yaeyaony
i?eioeeiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aa?aioeae i?aa ee/iinoe-. Eiai-
ii a yoii ea/anoaa i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe auea ai?iaic-
aeaoaia o?aioeocneie ao?aeoaciie ?aaiethoeeae, ii, eae e
i?i/ea aeaiie?aoe/aneea einoeooou, i?aa?aoeeanue ni a?aia-
iai a ionooth aeaeea?aoeeth. Naycaiiua n i?acoiioeeaie iaae-
iiaiinoe i?aaeea aeieacuaaiey eaii?e?othony a i?aeoeea ao?-
aeoaciiai i?aainoaeey. Yoi i?iyaeyaony, a /anoiinoe, a oii,
/oi a ?yaea neo/aaa iaaeiyaiue e caueoiee iaycaiu aeaeieacu-
aaoue ianoiyoaeuenoaa, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea i iaaeiiaii ai?ueaa n i?anooiiinoueth,, ii?aa-
aeuaay oai naiui ?ai?annee e noaeaaiue i?iecaie. IBce yoi
iniaaiii oa?aeoa?ii aeey ?aaeoeeiiiuo ?aaeeiia. Oae,. aanueia
iieacaoaeueii, /oi eiaiii a ia?eiae oaoenoneiai ?a:*caoea a.
Eoaeee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueeue eiaeaen (1930 a.) ioa>.a?a i?a-
coiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe. Aai ninoaaeoaee iauyaeee aa aano?ae-
iui, iaeaiui, naycaiiui n i?eioeeiaie o?aioeocnenie ?aai-
ethoeee, noa?ui iiiyoeai; ia?yaeo n yoei eiaeaen i?aaeoniao-
?eaae ioaaonoaaiiinoue iaaeiyaiiai ca ioeac ioaa/aoiue ia ai-
i?inu e ca eiaeiua ioaaou67.

A niaaoneie th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a i. i?acoiioeee iaae-
iiaiinoe auneacaiu ?acee/iua noaeaeaiey. Eiiaaea i ieae iina-

67 Ni.: Iieyineee I. I. Aeieacaoaeuenoaa a eiino?aiiiae.i oaieia-
iii i?ioeanna. I., 1946, n. 31, 85.

-23>

ee eae ia aano?aeoii-oi?iaeueiie aeaeea?aoeee, caeinoaiaai-
iie ec ao?aeoaciiai i?aaa e ia eiathuae ieeaeiai i?aeoe/a-
neiai cia/aiey68. Iiaiea yoi auei iiaeaa?aiooi iainiiaai-
iie e?eoeea. A niaaoneii i?aaa i?ia?anneaiue e aeaiie?aoe-
/aneee i?eioeei – i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe – 69. I?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe i?aaeoniio?aia ca-
eiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ‘?yaea nioeeaeenoe/aneeo no?ai. Iia cae?ai-
eaia ai Anaiauae aeaeea?aoeee i?aa /aeiaaea (1948 a.), a
Iaaeaeoia?iaeiii Iaeoa i a?aaeaeaineeo e iieeoe/aneeo i?a-
aao, ?aoeoeoee?iaaiiii Niaaoneei Nithcii a 1973 a.

A iiaie Niaaoneie Eiinoeoooeee caienaii: (‘no. 160 Eiinoeoo-
oeee NNN?). A yoii iieiaeaiee, ieoao i?aaenaaeaoaeue Aa?-
/.oiaiiai Noaea NNN? E. I. Nie?iia, au?aaeai i?enouee ni-
; aaoneiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao i?eioeei – i?acoiioeey iaaeiia-
””iinoe, ^ROTrFrp3″CH,ny i”?eaiai?ii~1;oea> 70 (no. 160
Eiinoeoooeee” NNN?). Oaeie aea ‘niune caeiaeai e ‘a no. no. 2,
7, 14, 36, 43 Iniia oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa. Aa?oiaiue

68 Ii.: A i eoia e ai e N. A. Aii?inu aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiiai i?aaa a?
Iniiaao oaieiaiiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa Nithca NN?. – A ei.: Aii?inu
noaeiono?ienoaa e noaeii?iecaiaenoaa a iiaii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa Nithca NN?
e nithciuo ?anioaeee. I., 1959, n. 133-136; *aeueoeia I. A. Caaea/e
niaaoneie yaoee oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa .a ia?eiae ‘?acaa?iooi-
ai no?ieoaeuenoaa eiiioiecia. – Oai aea, n. 69-70; E aea oiee i-
a a I. ss. Iaania/aiea iaaeiyaiiio i?aaa ia caueoo. – , 1959, aui. VI, n. 167; O?onia A. E. Iniiau oai?ee noaeaaiuo
aeieacaoaeuenoa, I., 1960, n. 154-156; Niaaoneee oaieiaiue i?ioeann. Iiae.
?aae. I. A. *aeueoeiaa. I., 1969, n. 95-96.

69Eoae?yaoeaa I. E. I?ioea oi?iuai/anoaa e aoeueaa?ecaoeee. –
, 1959, ? 14, n. 119; Ni. oaeaea: Iaeoacia E. E. Aaaeiay
aa?aioey nioeeaeenoe/aneiai i?aainoaeey. ?inoia i/Ae., 1961; N o ?ia i-
a e / I. N. Eo?n niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna, o. 1, n. 349-353; Aeia-
?iaieueneay O. I. I?eioeeiu niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. I., 1971,
n. 110-121; Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,.
a. 348-359.

70 N i ‘e ‘? i i a E. I. Eaieineea eaeae i noaea e i?aainoaeee e eo i?a-
oai?aiea ‘a aeeciue.-, 1977, ?6, n. 9_

240

Noae NNN? iaiaeiie?aoii ia?auae aieiaiea noaeia ia iaaei-
ionoeiinoue ia?ooaiey oao o?aaiaaiee caeiia, eioi?ua ‘ni-
noaaeytho eae au nooue ‘i?acoiioeee ‘iaaeiiaiinoe. Oae, ioiaiyy.
.. noaeaaiua ?aoaiey ii iaeiiio ec aeae, Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai No-
, aea NNN? oeacae, /oi ,
.iiea aai aeiiaiinoue ia aoaeao aeieacaia a onoaiiaeaiiii caei-
iii ii?yaeea>71. A aeaiiii neo/aa ynii noi?ioee?iaaii iiiy-
oea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe.

I?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai eiiaaea ?anniao?e-
aatho eae naiaia?acioth eneonnoaaiioth i?acoiioeeth, eioi?ay
ia yaeyaony iiaeeeiiui iaiauaieai aeeciaiiiai iiuoa, a
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie i?aaiaie einoeooo, i?iaeeeoiaaiiue ii-
eeoe/aneeie niia?aaeaieyie. Iainiiauaatho yoi oai, /oi-
i?aaeiieaaaaiay iaaeiiaiinoue iaaeiyaiiai ia iineo iinoiyi-
iiai oa?aeoa?a, a iai?ioea, yaeyaony eneeth/aieai72. Ii nooue.
| i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ia a oii, /oi iaaeiyaiue, eae i?a-
aeei, yaeyaony iaaeiiaiui, a a oii, /oi iiea iao i?eaiai?a,
\ iinoaiiaeaiiiai a i?aaeoniio?aiiii ii?yaeea e anooieaoaai-
a caeiiioth neeo, – iao e aeiiaiiai a niaa?oaiee i?anooi-
eaiey. I?aaeei yoi, ianiiiaiii, io?aaeaao i?aeoe/aneee iiuo
e naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi eeoea, a ioiioaiee eioi?uo n
niaethaeaieai anao o?aaiaaiee i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu iinoa-
iiaeai i?eaiai?, eae i?aaeei, yaeythony aeiiaiuie, a anee’
yoe oneiaey ia niaethaeaeenue, oi auaiae i aeiiaiinoe eeoea,.
eae i?aaeei, ioeai/ai e ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny aeinoiaa?iui.

I?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue a.
iauai?aaiaii e i?ioeannoaeueiii cia/aiee. Eae iauai?aai-a;

aia o?aaiaaiea iia ii?aaeaeyao i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea, ee/iinoe’;’,’
a iauanoaa, niaeanii eioi?iio /aeiaae iiaeao auoue iauyaeai’-‘.
i?anooiieeii ni anaie auoaeathueie ionthaea i?aaiauie ii-.
neaaenoaeyie oieueei iinea oiai, eae aai aeia a niaa?oaiee’;;

i?anooieaiey aoaeao onoaiiaeaia anooieaoei a caeiiioth ne-.
eo i?eaiai?ii, a aei yoiai /aeiaae n/eoaaony iaaeiiaiui, e”‘
yoi ii?aaeaeyao aai iieiaeaiea a iauanoaa, ioiioaiea e iaio-‘
ae?oaeo eeoe. A i?ioeannoaeueiii cia/aiee i?acoiioeeth iaae-.
iiaiinoe iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae o?aaiaaiea, ii?aaea-;

eythuaa i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea o/anoieeia oaieiaiiai noaeii?i-^’

7! Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia e ii?aaeaeaiee Eieeaaee Aa?oia*,
eiai Noaea NNN? ii aii?inai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna…, n. 46-47.

72 Ni.: Aaaaaa A. I. I?acoiioeee a niaaoneii i?aaa. Ai?ueeee, 1974,

n. 15-16, 97-98. ‘

1A>. Caeac ? 11506

241,

“ecaiaenoaa73, e i?aaeaea anaai, eiia/ii, i?aaiaia iieiaeaiea
iaaeiyaiiai. I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue e iaeioi?oth
-niaoeeoeeo aa o?aaiaaiey, ii?aaeaeythuaai i?aaiaia iieiaea-
iea iaaeiyaiiai a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ioiioaiea e
‘iaio ae?oaeo o/anoieeia i?ioeanna. I?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe
36 aa iauai?aaiaii iiieiaiee ii?aaeaeyao iieiaeaiea iaae-
iyaiiai e a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, ioiioaiea e iaio
*cnao ae?oaeo o/anoieeia i?ioeanna. Iaeiaei ii ioiioaieth e
neaaeiaaoaeth, i?ieo?i?o e noaeo o?aaiaaiea n/eoaoue iaaeiya-
iiai iaaeiiaiui nio?aiyao naith neeo aei oao ii?, iiea eaae-
aeue ec ieo a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea ia i?eaeao e
auaiaeo i aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai ia iniiaaiee nia?aiiuo
ho aeaeo aeieacaoaeuenoa.

I?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae
iauaeoeaioth e noauaeoeaioth eaoaai?eth. Aa iauaeoeaiue oa-
?aeoa? ninoieo a oii, /oi i?eciaieth eeoea aeiiaiui i?aae-
oanoaoao ii?aaeaeaiiue ii?yaeie noaeii?iecaiaenoaa n niaeth-
aeaieai anao i?ioeannoaeueiuo oi?i e aa?aioee, eioi?ue ia
iiaeao auoue eciaiai ii oniio?aieth eeoe, inouanoaeythueo
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea, ianiio?y ia eo oaaae-
aeaiiinoue a aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai. Iauaeoeaiue oa?aeoa?”
i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ninoieo a oii, /oi iaaeiyaiiai n/e-
oaao iaaeiiaiui i?aaeaea anaai caeiy, iiea oa, eoi iieaaatho
aai aeiiaiui, ia aeieaaeoo yoi a onoaiiaeaiiii caeiiii ii-
?yaeea. Ii i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe iioa?yea au ai iiiaii
naie niune e i?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea, anee au iia inoaaaeanue
eeoue iauaeoeaiie eaoaai?eae, anee au iaaeiyaiiai oieueei
caeii n/eoae iaaeiiaiui, a ethaee ioiineeenue au e iaio eae
e aeiiaiiio. Iiyoiio i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe iaiaoiaeeii
?anniao?eaaoue e eae o?aaiaaiea, niaeanii eioi?iio iaaeiya-
iiai n/eoatho iaaeiiaiui ana, iiea aai aeia ia aoaeao onoa-
iiaeaia anooieaoei a caeiiioth neeo i?eaiai?ii, a neaaei-
aaoaeue, eeoei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aeiciaiea, i?ieo?i? e noae – iiea
ia iniiaaiee nia?aiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa a i?aaeoniio?aiiii
caeiiii ii?yaeea iie ia i?eaeoo e oaaaeaeaieth a aeiiaiinoe
iaaeiyaiiai. Auei au ioeaeie o?aaiaaoue io neaaeiaaoaey,
i?ieo?i?a e noaea, /oiau iie n/eoaee iaaeiyaiiai iaaeiia-
iui aei anooieaiey i?eaiai?a a caeiiioth neeo. Iniaaiiinoe

73 Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? a iaeiii ec naieo iinoaiiaeaiee
oeacae, /oi
(, 1968, ? 5, n. 19).

.242

ioiioaiy yoeo eeoe e aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai ia i?ioeai?a-
/ao i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe, a auoaeatho ec iaa. Ainoaea?-
noai, iauanoai, io?aiyy, caueuay eioa?anu ee/iinoe e ia-
uanoaaiiua ioiioaiey, noi?ioee?iaaei i?acoiioeeth iaae-
iiaiinoe, niaeanii eioi?ie /aeiaae n/eoaaony iaaeiiaiui,.
iiea aai aeia a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey ia aoaeao onoaiia-
eaia a i?aaeoniio?aiiii caeiiii ii?yaeea. Aeieacaoue yoo ae-
io ainoaea?noai ii?o/aao ii?aaeaeaiiui i?aaiai e eeoeai.
E, i?aaeaea, /ai aeieacaoue aa aeey ae?oaeo, oaaaeeoue a iae anao,.
n oai /oiau eiie?aoiia eeoei auei i?eciaii aeiiaiui, niio-
aaonoaothuea i?aaiu e eeoea aeieaeiu aeieacaoue yoi aeey naay,
naie oaaaeeoueny a yoii. Ii, aoaeo/e oaaaeaeaiiuie a aeiiaii-
noe iaaeiyaiiai, neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i?, noae a neeo i?acoii-
oeee iaaeiiaiinoe aeieaeiu niciaaaoue, /oi yoi oaaaeaeaiea inoa-
aony eo noauaeoeaiui iiaieai aei oao ii?, iiea aeia /aei-
aaea ia aoaeao onoaiiaeaia anooieaoei a caeiiioth neeo i?e-
aiai?ii.

Cia/aiea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe, aeey oaieiaiiai noaei-
i?iecaiaenoaa iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue a ?aciuo aniaeoao, aeey
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey iii ninoieo i?aaeaea-
anaai a neaaeothuai:

a) i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe ii?aaeaeyao niaie i?aaiaia
iieiaeaiea iaaeiyaiiai a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa; yaey-
aony iniiaie aai i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?aa, a oii /enea i?aaa ia;

caueoo, i?aaa ia o/anoea a aeieacuaaiee;

‘a) i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe yaeyaony aa?aioeae onoa-
iiaeaiey enoeiu, iia noeioee?oao aeoeaioth i?ioeannoaeueioth”
aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiia ?anneaaeiaaiey e noaea – i?aaeienuaaao
iiM ananoi?iiia, iieii e iauaeoeaii enneaaeiaaoue ianoiyoaeue-
noaa i?anooieaiey; ia ia?aie/eaaoueny naiei ee/iui oaaae-
aeaieai a aeiiaiinoe eeoea, a niae?aoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ia
iniiaaiee eioi?uo aii?in i aeiiaiinoe iiaeii auei au ?a-
oeoue i?eaiai?ii noaea;

a) i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe yaeyaony iniiaie nenoaiu;

aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, aeeyao ia ?ani?aaeaeaiea-
iaycaiiinoae ii aeieacuaaieth. Ec iaa auoaeatho eiie?aoiua
i?ioeannoaeueiua i?aaeea, naycaiiua n ii?yaeeii e oneiaeyie’
aeieacuaaiey aeiu iaaeiyaiiai.

Cia/aiea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe a th?eaee/aneie eeoa-
?aoo?a iineaaeieo eao iau/ii iiae/a?eeaatho e iainiiauaatho,.
ii eiiaaea e inia?eaatho. Oaeoth, a /anoiinoe, iiiuoeo i?aae–
i?eiye A. A. Ia?oui/ee. A iaeiie ec naieo iineaaeieo ?aaio’
ii i?eoae e auaiaeo, /oi 74. Iinea oa-
oiai io?eoeaoaeueiiai noaeaeaiey i i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ii
,aeaeaa ieoao: 75. Caeanue ana iaaa?ii. I?aaeaea anaai, eae iiae-

-ii ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe (iaaei
.iieaaaoue, i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania ee/iinoe) e ooo aea
.ienaoue i aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe aeey oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. E?iia
oiai, anee i?eiyoue eiioeaioeeth A. A. Ia?oui/eea, oi iieo/a-
aony, /oi /aeiaae n/eoaaony iaaeiiaiui aei oao ii?, iiea ia

-noae iaaeiyaiui, a eae oieueei aio i?aaeuyaeaii ethaia ia-
.aeiaiea, ia niaio i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe i?eoiaeeo, eae
aeaeii, iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaoue iaaeiiaiinoue. A?aoiaiou,

-i?eaaaeaiiua aaoi?ii a iieueco naeaeaiiuo ei auaiaeia, oae
.aea i?ioeai?a/eau e iaoaaaeeoaeueiu, eae e naie auaiaeu. Ia-
e?eia?, ii ieoao: 76. Oi, /oi aeiiaiinoue iaaeiyaiiai aeieae-
_ia auoue aeieacaia – ianiiiaiii, ii n eaeeo ii? yoi o?aai-‘
aaiea naii ii naaa noaei i?aiyonoaeai e ananoi?iiiaio, iiae-
eiio e iauaeoeaiiio enneaaeiaaieth ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea? En-
oiaey ec ioeai/iiai iieiaeaiey, /oi aeieacaoue aeio iaaeiya-
iiai – cia/eo ii?iaa?aiooue i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe,

-A. A. Ia?oui/ee ieoao: 77. Ii aeieacaoue aeio iaaeiyaiiai – ia cia-
/eo ii?iaa?aiooue i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe. I?acoiioeeth ia
ii?iaa?aatho, ath ?oeiaiaenoaothony, eae i?eioeeiii, onoaii-
aeaoei, /oi, iiea ia i?iaaaeaii ?anneaaeiaaiea e noaeaaiia
?acae?aoaeuenoai n niaethaeaieai anao o?aaiaaiee i?ioeanno-
aeueiie oi?iu, iiea i?eaiai? ia anooiee a caeiiioth neeo,
iao, eae i?aaeei, aeiiaiiai, ?a/ue iiaeao eaeoe oieueei ia ia-
aeiyaiii. A yoii cia/aiea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe aeey aei-
eacuaaiey aeiu eeoea a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey.

Eiiaaea a i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe aeeaaeuaatho niune,,
eioi?ue eneaaeaao aa nouiinoue, i?eieaeaao cia/aiea a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa, aa ?ieue a aeieacuaaiee. Oae, ?an–
niao?eaay i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe a ea/anoaa i?aaiaie
eaeae, yeaiaioa i?aainoaeey, A. I. Aaaaaa io?eoeaao aa ?ieue.
eae i?eioeeia i?aainoaeey78.

?yae aaoi?ia, oa?aeoa?ecoy i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe, i?i-
oeaiiinoaaeytho aa iauaeoeaiie enoeia. Oae, A. Ae. A?naiueaa.
ieoao, /oi 79. Oae aea ?aoaao yoio ai-
i?in ss. I. Iioiaeeiaea?, ooaa?aeaeay, /oi <...oeaeaaia iacia- i iaaeiiaiinoe ia a oii ii oneeeaaao aeaenoaea iauaeoeaiie enoeiu aeaao ioaao aii eaeei aeieaeai auoue th neee oie eaeie oaeaeinue aeinoeaiooue iiciaaaoaeueiiai neaaeiaaoaeueii neooaoeee oai aea n. ni.: aaaaaa a. i. niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai eo nouiinoue e cia athce>, 1972, o. XX (I?iaeaiu oe-
?aieaiey caeiiiinoe e io?aiu i?aa ee/iinoe a oaieiaiii i?ioeanna,

“N, 10).

, ^A?naiueaa A. Ae. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu i?e i?ae?auaiee oai-
eiaiuo aeae e i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe. – , 1963, o. XXXII, aui. 5, /. 1, n. 213.

245 ,

eaeie i?eioeei iauaeoeaiie enoeiu ioaaoa ia aeaao e aeaoue ia

iiaeao>80. Eae aeaeii, aaoi?u enoiaeyo ec oiai, /oi iacia/a-

iea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe – ii?aaeaeyoue th?eaee/aneee ?a-
coeueoao ii aeaeo, eiaaea ia oaeaeinue aeinoeaiooue iiciaaaoaeueii-
ai ?acoeueoaoa. Oaeia oieeiaaiea cia/aiey i?acoiioeee iaae-
iiaiinoe aucuaaao aic?aaeaiea. Iaeuecy niaeaneoueny n i?ioe-
aiiinoaaeaieai i?eioeeiia iauaeoeaiie enoeiu e i?acoii-
oeee iaaeiiaiinoe. Ioee/aynue naiei iniaui niaea?aeaieai,

i?eioeeiu iauaeoeaiie enoeiu e i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe
caeiatho iauaa cia/aiea aeey inouanoaeaiey i?aainoaeey. Iii
caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi eaaeaeue ec yoeo i?eioeeiia ii?aaea-
eyao eae i?ioeann aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa,
oae e aai ?acoeueoao. Iiyoiio neaaeiaaoaeue, i?ieo?i?, noae en-
oiaeyo ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ia oieueei a oio iiiaio,
eiaaea ei iaiaoiaeeii i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i aeiiaiinoe eee ia-
aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai, ii e a oiaea anaai oaieiaii-i?i-
oeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey, eiaaea i?iaa?ytho, enneaaeotho iaoa-
?eaeu oaieiaiiai aeaea.

A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a aeeneonneiiiue oa?aeoa? iieo-
/ee aii?in i oii, ioaeii ee a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa
aeieacuaaoue iaaeiiaiinoue eeoea, a /anoiinoe, iaaeiyaiiai,
iiaenoaeeiiai. Eiiaaea iieaaatho, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue iaiaoiaeeii
aeieacuaaoue oae aea, eae e aeio. Yoi ia oae. A oiaea oaieiaii-
.i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey, ?acoiaaony, aeieaeiu onoaiaa-
eeaaoueny ianoiyoaeuenoaa, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuea eae i aeiiaiin-
oe eeoea, oae e i aai iaaeiiaiinoe, ii i?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii

eiaoue a aeaeo iniaaiiinoue eo auyniaiey. Iia iaoneiaeaia

i?acoiioeeae iaaeiiaiinoe e ninoieo a oii, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue
i?aaeaea anaai i?acthie?oaony, o. a. aeey auaiaea i iaaeiiaiinoe

eeoea ia iaycaoaeueii aeieaeiu auoue aeieacaoaeuenoaa, naeaeaoaeue-
noaothuea ia yoii, a auaiae i aeiiaiinoe iiaeao auoue naeaeai
oieueei ia iniiaaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa.

Iaiaeiie?aoiua iiiuoee inii?eoue ooaa?aeaeaiea i oii, /oi
iaaeiiaiinoue eeoea ai anao neo/ayo i?acthie?oaony, i?aaei?e-
iye ss. I. Iioiaeeiaea?. Ii ioeai/ii iieaaaao, /oi oaeia
ooaa?aeaeaiea eae au io?eoeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue a oiaea oaieia-
iiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa onoaiaaeeaaoue, aeieacuaaoue iaaeiia-
iinoue iaaeiyaiiai. Ii enoiaey ec oiai, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue i?a-
cthie?oaony, ieeoi ia iuoaaony oai naiui iieiinoueth eneeth-
/aoue iaiaoiaeeiinoue onoaiaaeeaaoue aa n iiiiuueth aeieaca-

80 Iioia y eia ea? ss. Q. Aii?inu oai?ee niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai
i?ioeanna. Oiine, 1971, n. 32.

S46

oaeuenoa. Inia?eaay iieiaeaiea i oii, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue i?i
cthie?oaony ai anao neo/ayo, ss. I. Iioiaeeiaea? ieoao: 81. Aio yoi oaea ia-
aa?ii. Eae auei ioia/aii ?aiueoa, iiaiea i oii, /oi iaae-
iiaiinoue i?acthie?oaony, iiea eeoeo ia i?aaeuyaeaii eiie?ao-
iia iaaeiaiea, a caoai i?acoiioeeth iaaeiiaiinoe auoaniyao;

iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaoue iaaeiiaiinoue, i?ioeai?a/eo aeaeno–
aothuaio i?ioeannoaeueiiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao, aeaiie?aoe/ai
neei i?eioeeiai niaaoneiai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna.

Eiiaaea iieaaatho, /oi noaeaeaiea i oii, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue,
ia aeieacuaaaony, a i?acthie?oaony, io?eoeaoaeueii aeeyao ia.
neaaeiaaoaeae, i?ieo?i?ia e noaeae, oae eae inaiaiaeaeaao eo
io iaycaiiinoe iiae?iaii e aeaoaeueii ?acae?aoueny a oaeoe/a–
neeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao aeaea, /oi aicaaaeaiea i?acoiioeee iaae-..
iiaiinoe a i?eioeeia oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna eee oioy
au i?eioeeia aeieacuaaiey i?aaiai oaieia–
iiai i?aneaaeiaaiey aiciiaeiinoue 82..
Anee oaeia e i?ienoiaeeo, oi i?e/eio ioaeii eneaoue ia a na-
iii oaeoa nouanoaiaaiey i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe, a a ee/–
iuo ea/anoaao eeoe, inouanoaeythueo aeieacuaaiea. I?aaeeue-
iia iiieiaiea i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ieeae ia iiaeao
i?aiyonoaiaaoue ananoi?iiiaio, iieiiio e iauaeoeaiiio en-.
neaaeiaaieth iaoa?eaeia aeaea. Ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe,
ianiiiaiii, auoaeaao iaycaiiinoue ouaoaeueii iainiiauaaoue,,
iaaeiaiea, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, ananoi?iiia, iieii e iauaeoeaii.
auyniyoue ianoiyoaeuenoaa aeaea, e, aeieacuaay aeio iaaeiyaii-
ai, ia i?ioiaeeoue ieii ianoiyoaeuenoa, ii?aaaeuaathueo aai..
Anee a ?acoeueoaoa oaeiai enneaaeiaaiey iaaeiaiea inoaaony
iaaeieacaiiui, oi yoi e icia/aao iaaeiiaiinoue eeoea.

Inia?eaay iieiaeaiea, /oi iaaeiiaiinoue ia aeieacuaaaony,.
a i?acthie?oaony, ss. I. Iioiaeeiaea? nnueaaony ia oi, /oi,.

8! Iioiaeeiaea? ss. I. Iniiaaiey i?ae?auaiey oaieiaiiai aea–
ea ii ?aaaeeeoe?othuei eeoei iioeaai. – , 1972, ? 9, n. 93. Yoo naith iuneue aaoi? iiaoi?yao caoai iaiaeii-
e?aoii (ni. Iioiaeeiaea? ss. I. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu a niaaoneiio
oaieiaiii i?ioeanna. ss?ineaaeue, 1974, n. 28; Ii aea. I?aaeiao niaaonei-
ai oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna. ss?ineaaeue, 1974, n. 8) e oieueei iicaea ii iaie-
oao /oi (ni. Iioiaeeiaea? ss. I. Iniiaiua oaieiaii-i?ioean-;.
noaeueiua ooieoeee. ss?ineaaeue, 1976, n. 91).

82 Ni.: A ? n a i ue a a A. Ae. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu i?e i?ae?auaiee oai-
eiaiuo aeae e i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe, n. 213.

i, 247-

caeii iaycuaaao i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey e noae aeieacuaaoue eae
aeio iaaeiyaiiai, oae e aai iaaeiiaiinoue e /oi iaaeiyaiue
.ia iiaeao oaeiaeaoai?eoueny i?acoiioeeae iaaeiiaiinoe, aeey ia-
ai aaaeii, /oiau aai iaaeiiaiinoue auea aeieacaia83. A aeai-
eii neo/aa eioa?an iaaeiyaiiai caueuaaony ianeieueei
iaeiinoi?iiia. I?aaeaea anaai, eae oaea ioia/aeinue, caeii
niaa?oaiii ia iaycuaaao a ?aaiie ia?a aeieacuaaoue aeio
e iaaeiiaiinoue. E ae?oaia. Aeey /aeiaaea, ?acoiaaony, aaaeii,.
/oiau aai iaaeiiaiinoue auea onoaiiaeaia, ii aeey iaai ia ia-
iaa aaaeii, /oiau aai anaaaea n/eoaee iaaeiiaiui, iiea aeia
ia onoaiiaeaia a ii?yaeea, i?aaeoniio?aiiii caeiiii. Iineaae-
iaa e auoaeaao ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe, eioi?oth iaia-
oiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue eiaiii eae i?eioeei noaeii?iecaiaenoaa,
a ia eae aano?aeoii-oi?iaeueioth aeaeea?aoeeth eee eae iaec-
aaaeiinoue ieioiai aeieacuaaiey, eiaaea ia oaeaeinue onoaiiaeoue
enoeio ii aeaeo.

Ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe auoaeatho eiie?aoiua i?i-
oeannoaeueiua i?aaeea aeieacuaaiey, naycaiiua n onoaiiaea-
ieai iauaeoeaiie enoeiu e i?eciaieai iaaeiyaiiai aeiia-
iui a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey.

1. I?eciaoue iaaeiyaiiai aeiiaiui e a nayce n yoei iiae-
aa?aiooue oaieiaiiio iaeacaieth iiaeao oieueei noae e ieeaeie
ae?oaie i?aai. Yoiio ia i?ioeai?a/eo oi, /oi oaieiaiia aeaei
iiaeao auoue i?ae?auaii ia ethaie noaaeee i?ioeanna, i?e/ai
eae ii ?aaaeeeoe?othuei, oae e ii ia?aaaeeeoe?othuei ia-
aeiyaiiai iniiaaieyi. A iineaaeiai neo/aa noae e i?aaiu ?an-
neaaeiaaiey enoiaeyo ec aeieacaiiinoe aeiu iaaeiyaiiai. Yoi
aiciiaeii, iai?eia?, i?e i?ae?auaiee aeaea n ia?aaea/ae ae-
iiaiiai ia ii?oee (no. 9 OIE) e a ae?oaeo neo/ayo. Aeaeaoue
caeanue ionooieaiea io i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe ia neaaeoao,
oae eae a yoeo eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo auaiae i aeiiaiinoe
eeoea, eae i?aaeei, niaeanoaony n i?eciaieai ei naiae aeiu,
a ia?aaeei e n /enoina?aea/iui ?aneayieai. Ii aeaaiia ia a
yoii. Aeaei a oii, /oi ai anao neo/ayo iaaeiyaiue ai?aaa

-iaaeaeiaaoue ?aoaiea i i?ae?auaiee a ioiioaiee iaai aeaea,

anee oaeia ?aoaiea aai ia ?aaaeeeoe?oao, a ii n yoei ia ni-
aeanai, E oiaaea aeieaeii ninoiyoueny noaeaaiia ?acae?aoaeueno-
ai, a aii?in i aeiiaiinoe eee iaaeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai aeie-
aeai auoue ?aoai a i?eaiai?a noaea.

2. Aeia iaaeiyaiiai a oiaea noaeii?iecaiaenoaa aeieaeia

ac Ni.: Iioiaeei a ea? ss. I. Onoaiiaeaiea enoeiu a niaaoneii^
-oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 28.

;’auoue oaaaeeoaeueii aeieacaia. Iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey oeou
eaaeeo ia ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiao e aeieaeiinoiuo eeoeao,
i?e/ai noae, i?ieo?i?, neaaeiaaoaeue e eooei, i?iecaiaeyuaa aei-
Cciaiea, ia ai?aaa ia?aeaaaoue iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey ia
^iaaeiyaiiai (no. 14 Iniia). Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? iaiaeii-
e?aoii ia?auae aieiaiea noaeia ia oai, /oi ia iaaeiyaiiai
ya iiaeao auoue aiceiaeaia iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaoue naith ia-
aeiiaiinoue, /oi i?aaiu ?anneaaeiaaiey; e noae ia ai?aaa ia?a-
eaaaoue iaycaiiinoue aeieacuaaiey ia iaaeiyaiiai84.

3. Iaaeieoaeueiue i?eaiai? ia iiaeao auoue iniiaai ia
i?aaeiieiaeaieyo e iinoaiiaeyaony eeoue i?e oneiaee, anee a
oiaea noaeaaiiai ?acae?aoaeuenoaa aeiiaiinoue iiaenoaeeiiai a
niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey aeieacaia (n-.o. 43 Iniia). Eco/aiea
noaeaaiuo ioeaie naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi n?aaee ioiaiai-
iuo i?eaiai?ia ano?a/aaony aieueoia; /enei oaeeo, eioi?ua
iniiaaiu ia ia aeieacaoaeuenoaao, ;a ia i?aaeiieiaeaieyo.
Eiaiii iiyoiio Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? ia ?ac oeacuaae ia
iaaeiionoeiinoue auaiaeia i aeiiaiinoe iiaenoaeeiiai ia inii-
aaiee i?aaeiieiaeaiee85.

4. N iineaaeiei i?aaeeii naycaii e ae?oaia – iaaeiionoe-
iinoue auaiaeia i aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai ia iniiaaiee i?i-
oeai?a/eauo aeaiiuo86. Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN? ini-
ai ia?auae aieiaiea ia oi, /oi iaaeiaiea a niaa?oaiee
i?anooieaiey ia iiaeao auoue iniiaa.ii ia i?ioeai?a/eauo
aeaiiuo aac iaaeeaaeauae ananoi?iiiae! e iauaeoeaiie i?iaa?-
ee iauyniaiee iaaeiyaiuo, /oi iaaeoaiea ia iiaeao auoue in-
iiaaii ia iieacaieyo naeaeaoaeae, aneo yoe iieacaiey i?ioe-
ai?a/ao ae?oaei, ia ii?iaa?aiooui aeieacaoaeuenoaai aei aeaeo,
/oi iaaeiaiea ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny aeieacaiiui, anee iii in-
iiaaii ia i?ioeai?a/eauo caeeth/aieyo yenia?oia, aeiioneath-
ueo ia?yaeo n aa?neae iaaeiaiey e ae?oaea aa?nee, iaoiaey-
ueany n iae a i?ioeai?a/ee. A iinoaiiaeaiee io 30 ethiy

84 Nai?iee ‘iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia e io?aaeaeaiee Eieeaaee Aa?oia-
iiai Noaea NNN? ii aii?inai oaieiaiiai o?&oeanna. 1946-1962 aa. I.,
1964, n. 47-48; Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieai’oia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?.
1924-1973. I” 1974, n. 280.

85 Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia y ioi?aaeaeaiee Eieeaaee Aa?oia-
iiai Noaea NNN? ii aii?inai oaieiaiiai on?thoeanna, n. 67, 221, 227; Nai?-
iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?, n. 279, 582; , 1976, ? 4, n. 28; 1975, ? 2, n. 39-40.

86 Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia e io?aaeaeaiee Eieeaaee Aa?oia-
iiai Noaea NNN? ii aii?inai oaieiaiiai o.?ioeanna, n. 69, 91, 124, 128;

, 1977, ? 1, n. 29-30; 1975, ? 5,
n. 22-25.

249

1969 aiaea Ieaioi Aa?oiaiiai Noaea
NNN? oeacae: 87.

5. Ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe auoaeaao i?aaeei i oii,
/oi ana niiiaiey a ioiioaiee aeieacaiiinoe iaaeiaiey, anee
eo ia oaeaeinue ono?aieoue, oieeothony a iieueco iaaeiyaiiai88.
Aeaiiia i?aaeei noi?ioee?iaaii noaeaaiie i?aeoeeie e iao-
ei naia io?aaeaiea a ?oeiaiaeyueo ?acuyniaieyo Ieaioia
Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?.

O neaaeiaaoaeae, i?ieo?i?ia, noaeae e ae?oaeo o/anoieeia
i?ioeanna iiaoo aicieeiooue ?acee/iua niiiaiey ioiineoaeueii-
niauoey i?anooieaiey, aeiu iaaeiyaiiai e eiuo ianoiy-
oaeuenoa oaieiaiiai aeaea. A oiaea noaeii?iecaiaenoaa eo iaia-
oiaeeii ?ac?aoeoue, eniieuecoy aeey yoiai ana n?aaenoaa aeieacu-
aaiey, ii anee yoiai naeaeaoue ia oaeaeinue e niiiaiey inoaeenue,.
oi a ?aoaiee ethaiai aii?ina, eioi?iai iie eanathony, eo nea-
aeoao oieeiaaoue eeoue a iieueco iaaeiyaiiai. Anee niiiaiea
eanaaony oee/athuaai aeieacaoaeuenoaa, oaeia aeieacaoaeuenoai>
neaaeoao ioa?ineoue.

6. I?eciaiea iaaeiyaiui naiae aeiu iiaeao auoue iieiaea-
ii a iniiao iaaeiaiey eeoue i?e iiaeoaa?aeaeaiee i?eciaiey
niaieoiiinoueth eiathueony aeieacaoaeuenoa ii aeaeo (no. 77
OIE). I?aaeei yoi ?iaeaeaii iauanoaaiiie, noaeaaiie i?ae-
oeeie, eioi?ay a i?ioeii ia?aaeei ia?aioeaieaaea oaeo i?e-
ciaiey iaaeiyaiui naiae aeiu. Yoi ii?ie i?eaiaeeei e no-
aeaaiui ioeaeai, inoaeaeaieth iaaeiiaiuo eeoe.

A ?aoaiee aeaiiiai aii?ina eae au noieeioeenue aeaa i?a-
coiioeee: i?acoiioeey iaaeiiaiinoe e i?acoiioeey, caeeth/ath-
uayny a oii, /oi /aeiaae ia aoaeao i?eciaaaoue naay aeiiaiui
a i?anooieaiee, eioi?iai ii ia niaa?oae. Iineaaeiyy eaaeeo
a iniiaa iiiaeo nenoai ao?aeoaciiai noaeii?iecaiaenoaa e i?e-
aiaeeo e ioeaeai a i?aainoaeee. Aiciiaeiua eneeth/aiey ec;

yoie i?acoiioeee, o. a. i?eciaiea naiae aeiu eeoeii, ia ni-
aa?oeaoei i?anooieaiea, ianoieueei iianiu aeey i?aainoaeey
e iaania/aiey eioa?ania ee/iinoe, /oi iie aiioee?otho any-
eia cia/aiea yoie i?acoiioeee a oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiii aei-
eacuaaiee. Cae?aieaiea a caeiia i?aaeea, eceiaeaiiiai a

87 Nai?iee iinoayiaeaiee Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?, n. 582-

88 Ni. oai aea.

250

/. 2 no. 77 OIE, naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i cia/aiee i?acoiioeee ia-
aeiiaiinoe a iauanoaaiiie aeecie, i oii, /oi aeaaea ianiio?y
ia ee/iia i?eciaiea /aeiaaeii naiae aeiu iauanoaaiiua ei-
oa?anu ia aeiioneatho inoaeaeaiey aai ca i?anooieaiea, iiea
aai aeia n aeinoiaa?iinoueth ia aoaeao aeieacaia a onoaiiaeai-
iii caeiiii ii?yaeea. Ia ioeaee, eioi?ua naycaiu n ia?o-
oaieyie nioeeaeenoe/aneie caeiiiinoe e auoaeatho ec ia?a-
ioeaiee cia/aiey i?eciaiey iaaeiyaiui naiae aeiu, iaiaeii-
e?aoii ia?auae aieiaiea noaeae Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN?89.

7. Ec i?acoiioeee iaaeiiaiinoe auoaeaao e iieiaeaiea i
oii, /oi iaaeieacaiiay aeiiaiinoue n oi/ee c?aiey th?eaee/a-
neiai cia/aiey ?aaiicia/ia aeieacaiiie iaaeiiaiinoe e icia-
/aao iieioth ?aaaeeeoaoeeth iaaeiyaiiai. Caeii cai?auaao a
ii?aaaeaoaeueiue i?eaiai?, iacaaeneii io iniiaaiee ii?aa-
aeaiey, aeeth/aoue oi?ioee?iaee, noaayuea iiae niiiaiea ia-
aeiiaiinoue ii?aaaeaiiiai (no. 314 OIE).

E oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui i?acoiioeeyi iaiaoiaeeii io-
ianoe i?acoiioeeth enoeiiinoe anooieaoaai a caeiiioth neeo
i?eaiai?a. Caeiiiue, iainiiaaiiue e iioeae?iaaiiue i?e-
aiai?, eae i?aaeei, io?aaeaao iauaeoeaioth enoeio. I?acoii-
oeey yoa iniiaaia ia oii, /oi, eae naeaeaoaeuenoaoao iauanoaai-
iay i?aeoeea, i?ioeannoaeueiue ii?yaeie, i?aaeoanoaothuee
anooieaieth i?eaiai?a a caeiiioth neeo, yaeyaony iaaeaaeiie
aa?aioeae ni?aaaaeeeainoe i?aainoaeey e i?eciaiey aeiiaiu-
ie eeoue eeoe, aeaenoaeoaeueii niaa?oeaoeo i?anooieaiea.
A neeo yoie i?acoiioeee i?eaiai? noaea eiaao iaycaoaeueiia
cia/aiea aeey anao, a oii /enea e aeey eeoe, inouanoaeythueo
oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiia aeieacuaaiea. Ana, /oi onoaiiaeaii
i?eaiai?ii, iiea ii ia ioiaiai, ia iiaeeaaeeo enneaaeiaaieth
e aeieacuaaieth. N aeaiiie i?acoiioeeae naycaii e oeacaiea
caeiia ia oi, /oi i?iecaiaenoai ii aeaeo ia aeiioneaaony a io-
iioaiee eeoea, i eioi?ii eiaaony ii oiio aea iaaeiaieth
anooieaoee a caeiiioth neeo i?eaiai? noaea, a oaeaea ii?aaea-
eaiea noaea eee iaioiaiaiiia iinoaiiaeaiea i?aaiia ?annea-
aeiaaiey i i?ae?auaiee aeaea (ii. 9, 10 no. 5 OIE).

Enoeiiinoue anooieaoaai a caeiiioth neeo i?eaiai?a ii-
aeao auoue ii?iaa?aiooa eeoue a iniaii, aeey yoiai onoaiiaeai-
iii ii?yaeea, a eiaiii iooai ia?aniio?a aeaea a ii?yaeea iaae-
ci?a e ii aiiaue ioe?uaoeiny ianoiyoaeuenoaai.

N ?anniao?eaaaiie i?acoiioeeae naycai aii?in i i?athaee-

89 Ni.: Nai?iee iinoaiiaeaiee Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea NNN?,
n. 279-280, 583.

251

oeeyo, i oii, ianeieueei ?aoaiey iaeiiai noaea iaycaoaeueiu aeey
ae?oaiai. Oae, no. 28 OIE i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi a oaieiaiii
noaeii?iecaiaenoaa ?aoaiea noaea ii a?aaeaeaineiio aeaeo, anoo-
ieaoaa a caeiiioth neeo, iaycaoaeueii aeey noaea, i?ieo?i?a e
neaaeiaaoaey oieueei ii aii?ino, eiaei ee ianoi niauoea eee:

aeaenoaea, ii ia a ioiioaiee aeiiaiinoe iaaeiyaiiai. I?a-
aeei yoi aeeyao ia ii?aaeaeaiea i?aaeiaoa aeieacuaaiey ii>
eiie?aoiiio oaieiaiiio aeaeo.

I?athaeeoeee a ii?aaeaeaiiii niunea ia?aie/eaatho aiciiae-
iinoue ioeaiee aeieacaoaeuenoa e ?aoaiey aeaea ia iniiaaiee,
aioo?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey, iineieueeo i?aaeienuaatho enoiaeeoue ec:

aeieacaiiinoe oao eee eiuo oaeoia. A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?a-
oo?a ia?auaeinue aieiaiea ia oi, /oi aii?in i aiciiaeiii
i?ioeai?a/ee iaaeaeo i?athaeeoeeae e aioo?aiiei oaaaeaeaieai;

a ioeaiea aeieacaoaeuenoa neaaeiaaei au ?aoeoue a iieueco aioo-
?aiiaai oaaaeaeaiey, onoaiiaea i?e yoii ii?aaeaeaiiue i?ioean-
noaeueiue ii?yaeie ?anniio?aiey eieeeceiiiuo noaeaaiuo ?a-
oaiee90.

A ea/anoaa i?ioeannoaeueiie i?acoiioeee iaiaoiaeeii ?an-
niao?eaaoue iieiaeaiea, niaeanii eioi?iio oio eee eiie oaeo
n/eoaaony iaaeieacaiiui, a enoeia ii aeaeo ia onoaiiaeaiiie,.
anee aeiiouaii nouanoaaiiia ia?ooaiea oaieiaii-i?ioeanno-
aeueiie oi?iu. Eaeea ia?ooaiey ioiinyony e nouanoaaiiue
i?aaeoniio?aii, iai?eia?, a no. 345 OIE e ae?oaeo ii?iao.
A iniiaa aeaiiie i?acoiioeee eaaeeo i?aeoe/aneee iiuo, nae-
aeaoaeuenoaothuee i oii, /oi ionooieaiey io onoaiiaeaiiiai’
ii?yaeea aeieacuaaiey, ia?ooaiea i?ioeannoaeueiie oi?iu y
i?ioeannoaeueiuo aa?aioee /aua anaai i?eaiaeeo e ioeaeai a>
aeieacuaaiee e a onoaiiaeaiee iauaeoeaiie enoeiu.

Caeiiii i?aaeoniio?aiu e ae?oaea oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeue-
iua i?acoiioeee. E iei iiaeii, a /anoiinoe, ioianoe neaaeoth-
uea iieiaeaiey. Iaee/ea iniiaaiee aeey ioaiaea iaeioi?uo
o/anoieeia i?ioeanna ii?iaeaeaao i?aaeiieiaeaiea ia eo iaiau-
aeoeaiinoe a enneaaeiaaiee iaoa?eaeia aeaea. Ionoonoaea aea-
eiau iioa?iaaoaai ii aeaeai /anoiiai iaaeiaiey naeaeaoaeue-
noaoao ia ionoonoaee iauanoaaiiie iianiinoe niaa?oaiiuo
i?ioea iaai aeaenoaee. Iaycaoaeueiia o/anoea caueoieea a oai-
eiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa iniiaaii ia i?acoiioeee, /oi a neo-
/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii, iaaeiyaiue eniuouaaao ca-
o?oaeiaiey, naycaiiua n ee/iui o/anoeai a aeieacuaaiee e a
caueoa naieo i?aa. I?aaeei, niaeanii eioi?iio ia iiaoo

90 Ni.: Oai?ey aeieacaoaeuenoa a niaaoneii oaieiaiii i?ioeanna, n. 360′.

neoaeeoue aeieacaoaeuenoaii oaeoe/aneea aeaiiua, niiauaaiua
naeaeaoaeai, anee ii ia oeacae enoi/iee naiae inaaaeiieaiiin-
oe, iniiaaii ia i?acoiioeee iaaeinoiaa?iinoe naaaeaiee, iieo-
/aiiuo a yoii neo/aa. Onoaiiaeaiea a caeiia en/a?iuaathua-
ai ia?a/iy aeaeia enoi/ieeia aeieacaoaeuenoa eae aiciiaeiuo
n?aaenoa aeieacuaaiey a oaieiaiii noaeii?iecaiaenoaa nayca-
ii n i?acoiioeeae eo iaaeaaeiinoe ii n?aaiaieth n eiuie aic-
iiaeiuie enoi/ieeaie oaeoe/aneeo aeaiiuo, iai?aaeoniio?ai-
aoo caeiiii.

Ia?a/aiue ?acee/iuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?acoiioeee iiaeii
auei au i?iaeieaeeoue. Eo iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue a oiaea oai-
eiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai aeieacuaaiey.

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020