Oe?a?inueea aeaaeai?y aa?a?ieo iaoe
?inoeooo aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/”
Caaei?iaeiee Na?a?e Aieiaeeie?iae/
OAeE:
663.255.1.001.76
Oaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo
c aeei?enoaiiyi iiaea?i?ciaaieo
ae?iaa?ii-a?aaiaa?aeae?eueieo iaoei.
05.18.07 – oaoiieia?y i?iaeoeo?a a?iae?iiy.
A a o i ? a o a ? a o
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
sseoa 1999
Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiien
?iaioo aeeiiaii a ?aaeaini-caaiae? “Iaei?a/ainueeee” ? a
?inoeooo? aeiia?aaeo
? aeia “Iaaa?a/”
Iaoeia? ea??aieee: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio
Aeaaeai??
?iaeaia?ieo iaoe Oe?a?ie
?iae’yiia Aieiaeeie?
Aeieo?iae/
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?
Oieueoe-Eoeeeia ?aaai
Iaaeiae/
i?ioani? eaoaae?e
aeii?ianoaa
? ciiaeueiiai
aeiia?aaea?noaa
E?einueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
noa?oee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee
Ia?oeiaiei Aaeoa?ae
sseiae/
i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee
ni?a?ia?oiee
?inoeoooo aeiia?aaeo ? aeia
“Iaaa?a/”
eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
caa ae?iaie/iith
eaai?aoi???th
aeicaaiaeo ?aaeaini-caaiaeo
“Aeiia?aaeiee”
Aaaae?ia Aeea Eaii?ae?aia
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao
oa?/iaeo oaoiieia?e i.
Ee?a, eaoaae?a a?ioaoiieia??
i?iaeoeo?a a?iae?iiy,
aeno?aeo?a ? iaii?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “15” 07 1999 ?. i 14 a. ia can?aeaii?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 53. 365. 02.a ?inoeooo?
aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/”
ca aae?anith: 334200 Aaoiiiiia ?anioaeeea E?ei, i. sseoa, aoe.
E??iaa 31
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/”
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?neaiee “15” o?aaiy 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?ue niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
sseooeia I.A.
1
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue ?iaioe. Iaeiei c aieiaieo caaaeaiue i?iieneiai?
ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo ? iaeneiaeueia aeei?enoaiiy ne?iaeie c io?eiaiiyi
oe?ieiai ani?oeiaioo aeii?iaii? i?iaeoeoe?? aenieie yeino?, iiiaeaiiy ?
aaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? ? oaoi?ee ae?iaieoeoaa.
I?aeo?ae aei ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo, yeee ae?iuothoue aeey i?oeieo ?
aeana?oieo aei ia I?aaeaiiiio aa?ac? E?eio ? cae?athoue a noaae??
ia?ac??aaiiy, iiaeiai aooe iniaeeaei. Ia?aoe?aiiy a?ii ia oa?oooeao
caaaeaee aoei iniaeea?noth o?aaeeoe?eiiai aeii?ianoaa a ?inoeooo?
“Iaaa?a/” ? AAI “Ianaiae?a”. I?e oeueiio caa??aathoueny ca?cthieai?
yaiaee, a?aeaoaa?oueny ieaciie?c iaieiiee ee?oei, yeee ni?ey? iaeaaeiiio
nieia?aeae?eaiith aenieiaeno?aeoeaiiai aeiia?aaeo.
A oiiaao I?aaeaiiiai aa?aaa E?eio iaaeie?eii
ae?iaa?ie-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/?a ? iecueeee aeo?ae c i’ycae nieo,
iniaeeai i?e ia?a?iaoe? ni?o?a c ae??aieie yaiaeaie (
Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii, Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee ), ye? aaeeiaa
ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/ iiai?noth ia ?icaeaaeth?. Oea
i?eaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiai aeoiaeo iaea?eueo oe?iiiai nonea-naiio?eo, ?
aei /anoiai cani?/oaaiiy aeo?aeieo ioa???a o iacaina??iee?a,
?acoaoiaaieo i?ae ae?iaa?eith-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/?i -, ui ii?ooo?
?aaeei ?aaioe iioi/ieo e?i?e ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo, a ?iiae? aei
aaa??eieo neooaoe?e.
A no/anieo ?eieiaeo oiiaao ia?aae aeii?iaaie aeieea? caaea/a:
iioeiaeueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe an? oe?ii? yeino? aeiia?aaeii? yaiaee. Aeey
oeueiai iaiao?aeii ia o?eueee iiaea?i?coaaoe oaoiieia?/ia iaeaaeiaiiy
ia?aeiiiai aeii?ianoaa, ui aeei?enoiao?oueny c a?aooaaiiyi ciaioaiiy
cao?ao, oaeineiiaeeoe i?ioean ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo, aea ? noai?eoe iia?
oi?eaeuei? aenieiye?ni? aeia c iacaaie ca i?noeai iioiaeaeaiiy.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy – oaeineiiaeaiiy i?ioeanno ia?a?iaee
aenieioeoe?enoeo ni?o?a aeiia?aaeo, oe?iieo oaoi?/ieo ni?o?a c ae??aiith
yaiaeith, aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueieo ?aaeei?a iiae??aiaiiy ? ?ic?iaea ia
oe?e iniia? oaoiieia?? i?oeieo aenieiye?nieo aei ?c canoinoaaiiyi
oaieiai? ia?iaee aeiiiaoa??ae?a ca ?aooiie niiy/ii? aia?a??.
Caaaeaiiy i?e aeine?aeaeaii?:
– Aea/eoe ? iiaea?i?coaaoe ae?iaa?eo-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/ O1-AAeA-20
aeey oiia i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeiiai aeii?ianoaa,
– ?ic?iaeoe oaeineiiaeaio oaoiieia?th aeaioiaeaiiy i?aeeia?iiai
aenieiye?niiai ii?oaaeia c aeei?enoaiiyi niiy/ii? aia?a??.
2
Iaoeiaa iiaecia: Noai?aii, cai?iiiiiaaii ? ai?iaaaeaeaii
iaeaaeiaiiy aeey ia?a?iaee aenieioeoe?enoiai aeiia?aaeo oe?iieo
oaoi?/ieo ni?o?a c ae??aiith yaiaeith – aaeeiaa
ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/ O1-AAeA-20 c i?eno???i aeey
aeiiii?aeiiai c?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e iacae. Cai?iiiiiaaia oaoiieia?y
aeaioiaeaiiy iiaiai i?oeiiai aenieiye?niiai aeia oeio ii?oaaeia c
aeei?enoaiiyi aeey oaieiai? ia?iaee aeiiiaoa??ae?a niiy/ii? aia?a??.
Iiaecia ?iaioe i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aeaiia iaoaioaie Oe?a?ie: ? 7972
a?ae 26. 12 95?. ”Iiae??aithaa/-a?aaiaa?aeae?eueiee aeey aeiia?aaeo” oa
? 23315 A a?ae 31. 08. 98?. “ Niin?a caaacia/aiiy aeic??aaiiy
i?aeeia?iiai i?oeiiai aeia oa i?eno??e aeey eiai cae?eniaiiy”.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy. ?ic?iaeaia oaoiieia?/ia iaeaaeiaiiy – i?eno??e
aeey aeiiii?aeiiai c?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e i’ycae ( AeCNI ) o eiiieaeo?
c aaeeiaith ae?iaa?eith-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/?i O1-AAeA-20 – i?ieoei
caaiaeuene? aei?iaoaaiiy o ?aaeaini-caaiae? “Iaei?a/ainueeee” o
a?aeiia?aeiino? c i?ia?aiith oa iaoiaeeeith, ?ic?iaeaiith a ?inoeooo?
aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/” OAAI. Oaoiieia?/ia ?ino?oeoe?y c
ae?iaieoeoaa aeia i?aeeia?iiai i?oeiiai “Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee” (
/a?aiiee ) O?O 202. 041-97 caoaa?aeaeaia Oe?naaeaeii?iiii Oe?a?ie 26.
09. 1997 ?. Ca ?ac?iaeaiith oaoiieia??th o ?aaeaini-caaiae?
“Iaei?a/ainueeee” ae?iaeaii 17,6 oen aeae ? ?aae?ciaaii 12,0 oen. aeae
aeia a?iaeath 1996, 1997 ? 1998??.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?aaioe. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
iia?aeiieai? ia can?aeaiiyo naeoe?e a/aii? ?aaee c oaoiieia?? ia?a?iaee
aeiia?aaeo ?inoeoooo aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/” (i. sseoa, 1996
? 1997 ??.)
Ioae?eaoe??: Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 3 ?iaioe,
iaea?aeaii 2 iaoaioa Oe?a?ie.
No?oeoo?a ? ia’?i aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?th aeeeaaeaii ia 110
noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, aiia neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, iaeyaeo
e?oa?aoo?e, iieno iaoa??ae?a ? iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue, ?acoeueo?a
aeine?aeaeaiue ? ?o iaaiai?aiiy, aeniiae?a oa aeeth/a? 19 oaaeeoeue, 9
?enoie?a, 5 aeiaeaoe?a. Nienie e?oa?aoo?e aeeth/a? 113 aeaea?ae, a oiio
/ene? 7 ?iicaiieo aaoi??a.
Ia?eoe ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiue.
A ?iaio? aeine?aeaeoaaeenue: ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee
O1-AAeA-20, i’ycaa ni?o?a aeiia?aaeo Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee, Ia?ei,
Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii, Oaaao, ?eaoeeoae?, Ioneao
3
a?eee, Aeuea?euei E?einueeee, aeiiiaoa??aee nooica?iaeaeai?, a oaeiae
i?oei? eoiaaei? aeiiiaoa??aee aeey aeia oeio Ii?oaaei ? aioiaa aeii
i?ney ia?iaee.
I?ae /an i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?oe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enooaaeenue
caaaeueiii?eeiyo? o?ceei-o?i?/i?, o?i?/i? ? a?io?i?/i? aiae?ce, ye?
aeeeaaeaii a niaoe?aeuei?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e e?oa?aoo??.
?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue a oiiaao aeicaaiaeo ?aaeaini-caaiaeo
“Iaei?a/ainueeee”, a eaai?aoi??yo IEO? “ Ieiaeiaoi?iaeo” ? E?einueeiai
aea?aeaa?ioi?aa?neoaoa. Ie?ai? aiae?ce aeeiioaaeenue o a?aeae?e? o?i?? ?
a?io?i?? aeia ?inoeoooo aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/”. Aeine?aee
i?iaiaeeeenue a 3-4 iiaoi?ao; iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe i?aeeyaaee
noaoenoe/i?e ia?iaoe? c aecia/aiiyi aeia??/eo ?ioa?aae?a ia 5-% ??ai?
cia/eiino?.
?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe ? ?o iaaiai?aiiy
1. Ii??aiyeueia oaoiieia?/ia ioe?iea aaeeiai? ? oeaio?ia?aeii?
ae?iaa?ie-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee?a o i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeiiio aeii?ianoa?
O a?o/eciyiiio aeii?ianoa? aeei?enoiaothoue 2 oeie
ae?iaa?ie-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueieo iaoei: oaea?ii-oeaio?ia?aei? ( OeAeA ) ?
aaeeia? ( AAeA ). Eiaeia ?c ieo ia? nai? ia?aaaae ? iaaeie?ee, ui
iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe i?e ia?a?iaoe? aeiia?aaeo ia noo?, i?oei? ?
aeana?oi? aeia. A?aeiii, ui aaeeiaa ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee
aeeiio? ?ieue i’yeee oa ?aeiiaiaeo?oueny aeey aeaioiaeaiiy oaiiainueeeo
? noieiaeo aeiiiaoa??ae?a. Iaie cae?eniaii ii??aiyeueia aei?iaoaaiiy
aeaio oei?a ae?iaa?ie o i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeiiio aeii?ianoa?, ?c
aeei?enoiaaiiyi aenieioeoe?enoiai ni?oo aeiia?aaeo Ioneao a?eee c
iayai?noth /anoeiai ca?cthieaieo ya?ae. I?ney ia?a?iaee aeecueei 20 oiii
aeiia?aaeo c iaei??? ? o??? ae ae?eyiee aoei aeyaeaii, ui ia iaoei?
O1-AAeA-20 ao?aoa ca?cthieaieo ya?ae iaeaea a 4 ?ac? iaioa, i?ae ia
OeAeA-20I. I?e iaaenie?e a?aeiini?e iiieeueoe? ( 3,3-4,1 % ), aeia??/?
?ioa?aaee na?aaeiueia?eoiaoe/ieo cia/aiue (O ) ia 5-% ??ai? cia/eiino?
ia ni?aiaaeathoue ye ca aaniethoieo ao?ao ca?cthieaieo ya?ae, oae ? a
eaai?aoi?ieo niinoa?aaeaiiyo:
375,3 1 395,3 ( OeAeA-20I ) e 92,3 2
109,4 ( O1-AAeA-20 )
A ia?a?aooieo ia 100 oiii Ioneaoa a?eiai, oeaio?ia?aeia
ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee aeeeaea? c a?aaaiyie aei 200 ea
aenieioe?iieo ya?ae. Oaeei /eiii, aeiaaaeaii, ui ia?aaaaith a
4
aaeeiaeo ae?iaa?ie-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee?a ? a?eueo aeiiiiia ia?a?iaea
aeiia?aaeo c i?aeaeuaiith oeoe?eno?noueth.
2. Aieea ?aaeei?a ?iaioe O1-AAeA-20
ia ye?noue nonea ?c i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeiiai aeiia?aaeo
Ci?ia /enea iaa?o?a iiae??aithth/eo aae?a ? aaee/eie i?aeaaeeiaiai
ioai?o aeicaiey? ea?oaaoe i?ioeanii ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo ia aaeeia?e
ae?iaa?oe?. Aeey aeaioiaeaiiy i?oeieo ? aeana?oieo aei ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ui
aei oeeo iieaciee?a iaia?. A ca’yceo c oeei, a naciie aeii?ianoaa
1994-1995 ?? ia aeicaaiae? ?aaeaini-caaiaeo “Iaei?a/ainueeee” aea/aeenue
iniaeeaino? ia?a?iaee iaea?eueo c??eiai aeiia?aaeo oa?aeoa?ieo aeey AAI
“Ianaiae?a” ni?o?a. Oeoe?eno?noue ya?ae o ae??aiiya?aeieo ni?o?a
Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee, Ia?ei, Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii, aei??aithaaea 25-30
a/100ni3. Aeo?ae ? ye?ni? iieacieee nonea aecia/aee ca aeiiiiiaith
aoaeiiiiai no?ea/a, cai?iiiiiaaiiai A.A.AEaeaiiae/ai ? ni?a?. o 1967 ?.
Aeine?aee i?iaiaeeeenue a 4-o iiaoi?ao; a none? i?ney a?aenoithaaiiy
aecia/aee iaiao?aei? iieacieee.
Oaaeeoey 2.1. Oa?aeoa?enoeea nonea ni?o?a i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeiiai aeiia?aaeo
i?ney ae?iaa?ee O1-AAeA-20 (?aaeaini-caaiae “Iaei?a/ainueeee”; 1994 ?.)
Ni?o aeiia?aaeoOaeaee?noue a?aeae?eaiy nonea,
ni3/10 ieiIaniaay eiioeaio?aoe?y a none?oeoe??a,
a/100 ni3oeo?o?ieo eeneio, a/aei3caaen?a,
a/aei3oaiieuei. ?a/iaei, ia/aei3
noiaaioioe?aieOaaao113518,95,435,2671-?eaoeeoae?91018,67,231,0545-Ia?ei8
7023,04,944,575724,6Aanoa?aei
iaaa?aoeueeee75024,84,643,2946137,2Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii61529,75,046,777358,
1
sse aeaeii c aeaieo oaaeeoe? 2.1, iaea?eueoei nieia?aeae?eaiiyi ?
iaeiaioith oeoe?eno?noth a?ae??ciy?oueny ni?o Oaaao. Iecueea oaeaee?noue
nieia?aeae?eaiiy o ni?o?a Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee
ni?aiaaea? c ?o aenieith oeoe?eno?noth ? iaea?eueoei ai?noii a none?
5
caaen?a. Oe? ae nai? ni?oe aeiia?aaeo ca iaoai?/iei ai?noii iathoue
ae??ai? a?iia ? ae??ai? yaiaee, ye? aaaeei i?aeaeathoueny iiae??aeaiith
ia aaeeia?e ae?iaa?oe?. Ine?eueee? oaoiieia?/iee caian a yaiaeao, ?
ai?no oaiieueieo ?a/iaei a none? ei?aaothoue i?ae niaith, oea aeicaiey?
oaoiieiao iioei?coaaoe ?aaeeie ae?iaa?ii-i?aniaiai iaeaaeiaiiy.
Ia i?eeeaae? ni?oo ?eaoeeoae? aoee aei?iaoaai? ??ci? /anoioe
iaa?o?a aaee?a ? ??ciee i?aeaaeeiaee ioa??
ae?iaa?ee-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/a O1-AAeA-20 c iaoith, io?eiaiiy i’ycae ?
nonea, iaea?eueo i?eaeaoieo aeey i?oeieo aei oeia Ii?oaaei ? Iaaea?a.
Oaaeeoey 2.2 Aieea ?aaeei?a ?iaioe aaeeiai? ae?iaa?ee ia neeaae
nonea-naiio?ea
?c aeiia?aaeo ni?oa ?eaoe?oae? ( ?aaeaini-caaiae “Iaei?a/ainueeee”;
1994 )
*anoioa iaa?o?a aaee?a, oa. –1?ici?? i?aeaaeeiaiai ioai?o, iiIaniaay
eiioeaio?aoe?y a none? *caaen?a, a/aei3oaiieueieo ?a/iaei, ia/
aei331,614,736,6 + 1,4416 +8731,611,852,5 + 8,1788 +2747,315,041,7 +
13,6423 + 7747,311,059,0 + 15,5704 + 12162,512,050,4 + 18,3475 +
7362,58,466,4 + 19,7696 + 110
* – O i?e 0,95
Iiaeia eiinoaooaaoe, ui, o?eueee ci?ia aaee/eie i?aeaaeeiaiai
ioai?o nooo?ai aieeaa? ia ai?no a none? caaen?a oa oaiieueieo ?a/iaei.
Ia 5-% ??ai? cia/eiino? iieacaii nooo?aee ( iaeaea 50
% ) i?e??no oaiieueieo ?a/iaei a?ae ciaioaiiy i?aeaaeeiaiai ioai?o
c 14-15 aei 10-12 ii., ui ? aaaeaiei o ae?iaieoeoa? i?oeieo aei.
3.?ic?iaea i?eno?ith aeiiii?aeiiai ?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e i’ycae
( Ae?NI ) a ae?iaa?oe?
A ?iaioao I.I. I?aia?aaeainueeiai ?ioaineaia ?oeioaaiiy ya?ae
aeiia?aaeo ioe?ith?oueny ye ei?enia aeey iaea?aeaiiy aenieiaeno?aeoeaieo
noieiaeo e i?oeieo aei. Ae??ooth/e oaoi?/io
6
i?iaeaio a?eueo ?ioaineaiiai ca?eueiaiiy nieo i?e ia?a?iaoe? ni?o?a c
oaa?aeith eiinenoaioe??th ya?ae ( Oaaao, Eieo? a?eee ) ? c ae??aieie
yaiaeaie ( Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii, Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee ), ie
cai?iiiioaaee aeiaeaoeiai ?ici?ooaaoe i’ycao ? oei naiei iie?auoaaoe
ye?noue io?eioaaieo aeio (?en.1).
?en.1 I?eno??e aeey aeiiii?aeiiai c?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e i’ycae (
AeCNI ) o eiiieaeo? c aaeeiaith ae?iaa?eith-a?aaaiaa?aeae?ethaa/?i
O1-AAeA-20
?ic?iaeaiee iaie aa?aaao neaeaaea?oueny c aaeeia? ae?iaa?ee –
a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueieea O1-AAeA-20, cae??ieai? ia iaoaeaa?e ieaooi?i?
iaae ca??ieeii i’ycae niaoe?aeueii? eiino?oeoe?? – i?eno?i?i aeey
aeiiii?aeiiai ?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e ya?ae. Ieaooi?ia ciiioiaaia ia
aa?oeeaeueieo o?oa/aoeo noiyeao. Ia iaei?e ?c aieiaeo no?iie ca??ieea ia
e?iiooaei?
7
ciiioiaaii aae, ia ieaeiueiio e?ioe? yeiai cae??ieaii a?ae??cie
iaeiicao?aeiiai oiaea c i?yiith aeioiaith iiaa?oiath. Aae iai?yiee
i?ee??ieaii aei aeaeo?iiioi?a, a?ae yeiai oiae i?eaiaeeoueny a ?oo c
/anoioith 1440 oa-1. I’ycaa, yea ooai?th?oueny a i?ioean?
?ic/aaethaaiiy ya?ae aeiia?aaeo oa a?aeae?eueiaiiy a?aaai?a a ?iai/eo
i?aaiao ae?iaa?ee-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueieea O1-AAeA-20, i?yio?oueny a
ca??iee, ?icoaoiaaiee i?ae ae?iaa?eith. A ca??ieeo i’ycaa ?ioaineaii
ia?ai?oo?oueny oiaeii. Iaeii/anii c ia?ai?ooaaiiyi, i?ae ae??th eiiano?a
oiaea a?aeaoaa?oueny aeiiii?aeia ?oeioaaiiy ee?oeiii? no?oeoo?e ya?ae,
ui ni?ey? ca?eueoaiith ia?aiii? /anoee ??aeei? oace iacae. Aeacai?
oaeoi?e, a oaeiae aeayeee aeiiii?aeiee oene oiaea, aeeeth/athoue
caaeaaiiy i’ycaith aeo?aeii? ai?eiaeie ca??ieea, ooai?aiith caiaeo
i’ycae ? caaacia/othoue iaiao?aeio aenieooaoe?eio iaae?ei?noue ?iaioe
iacaiaiai ianino. Aa?aaao i?ae iacaith “i?eno??e Ae?NI” caoeuaii
iaoaioii Oe?a?ie ( ? 7972 a?ae 26. 12. 95 ?.) ye aeiao?ae.
Iineeath/enue ia aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaaeai?ea I.A. ?aa?iaea?a,
I.A. Naiaiaiei, a oaeiae
A.Ae. ?iae?yiiaa, aoei cai?iiiiiaaii oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe a?yce?noue ?
aeenia?niee noai i’ycae ca aeiiiiiaith iieacieea a?aie/ii? iai?oae cnoao
? , yeee eaaei aecia/eoe ca aeiiiiiaith eiioniiai ieanoii??a. Aoei
aeaioiaeaii o?e iaoaeaaeo eiiona c eooii ia aa?oei? 300. 450, 600; aiie
caio?thaaeenue a ??cio i’ycao, ui aeicaieeei io?eiaoe ia??eoeai?
?aieia?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee i’ycae ( oaae. 3.1 ? 3.2 )
Oaaeeoey 3.1 Aieea i?eno?ith ia eioaineai?noue ?oeioaaiiy iacae
(ni?o Eaaa?aia-Nia?iueii, oeoei? 29,8 a/100 ni3, ?aaeaini-caaiae
“Iaei?a/ainueeee” 1994 ?.)
I?noea caai?o c?ace?a i’ycae *Aeae iacaeEoo i?e aa?oei? eiiona,
a?aaeAeeaeia caio?aiiy eiiona, ii
? 01
2
3C a?aaaiyie
Aac a?aaai?a
Aac a?aaai?a45
45
4575
72
111601 107
640 59
269 241
2
3C a?aaaiyie
Aac a?aaai?a
Aac a?aaai?a60
60
6086
74
102378 421
504 52
272 11 * i?noea caai?o c?ace?a aeacaii ia ?en.1 – O
i?e 0,95
8
sse aeaeii, a?aeie?aieaiiy a?aaai?a ia ci?ith? ?aiaeia?/ieo
aeanoeaiainoae iacae. Ia i?ioeeaaei?noue i?ney i?eno?ith Ae?NI eiioniee
ieanoii?o? ??cei coio?th?oueny. Oea na?ae/eoue i?i ca?eueoaiiy ??aeei?
oace. Noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea iieacieea i?aeoaa?aeeea iiae?aio
caeiiii??i?noue ? ia ?ioeo ni?oao aeiia?aaeo, iniaeeai c ae??aiith
yaiaeith ? aenieith oeoe?eno?noth. I?eno??e Ae?NI ca?eueoo? o i’yca?
ia’?iio aeieth a?eueiiai nieo, iieaaoo? aeno?aeoe?th oaiieueieo ?a/iaei,
ui aeo?ea? ?c oaaeeoe? 3.2.
Oaaeeoey 3.2 Aieea i?eno??th Ae?NI ia aeo?ae ? iieacieee yeino? nonea
( ?aaeaini-caaiae “Iaei?a/ainueeee”, 1994 ?.)
Ni?o aeiia?aaeoI?noea caai?o c?ace?aI?ae i’yeeithI?ney a?aeae?eaiiy
a?aaai?aI?ney Ae?NI1. Oaeaee?noue noneia?aeae?eaiiy, ni3 a
oa.Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii
Oaaao615
1135955
16601505
26402.Ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y caaen?a, a/aei3Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii
Oaaao47
3574
4499
643. Ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y oaiieueieo ?a/iaei,a/aei3Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii
Oaaao0,77
0,670,72
0,621,08
0,924. Ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y aioioe?ai?a, ia/aei3Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii
58,1 65,3 290,3 – O i?e 0,95
O an?o aeiaaeeao aeio?eioaaeenue 4-o e?aoiiai iiaoi?o caai?o
c?ace?a nonea ? eiai aiae?co, a noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea i?aeoaa?aeeea aenieo
iaae?ei?noue io?eiaieo caeiiii??iinoae. Oaeaee?noue noneia?aeae?eaiiy
i?ney i?eno?ith Ae?NI c?inea ia 55-60% ( 955, 1660 ? 1505, 2640),
ca?eueoaiiy caaen?a aeinyaaei 45 % ( 74,44 ? 99, 64 ) , ianiaa
eiioeaio?aoe?y oaiieueieo ?a/iaei ca?eueoeeanue a 1,5 ?ace ( 0,72, 0,62
? 1,08, 0,92 ),oaeiae c?inea eiioeaio?aoe?y aioioe?ai?a.
9
I?ney iiaea?i?caoe?? caaiaenueeiai iiae??aithaa/a AAeA-20, caaaeyee
a?aenooiino? i?iaie ?c oaa?aei? oace iacae ca?eueoeeanue iiooaei?noue
iioi/ii? e?i?? ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo ? aoee io?eiai?
aeine?aeii-i?iieneia? ia?o?? nooica?iaeaeaieo aeiiiaoa??ae?a, ye?noue
yeeo i?aeoaa?aeeea aeioe?euei?noue cai?iiiiiaaii? iiaea?i?caoe??
aaeeiai? ae?iaa?ee.
Ca aeiiiiiaith oeea?a ??ciiai ae?aiao?o, i?eno??e Ae?NI i?aoethaaa o
o?ueio ?aaeeiao: 500, 1000 ? 1500 ia/oa.
Oaaeeoey 3.3 Aieea ?ioaineaiino? ia?ai?ooaaiiy i’ycae i?eno???i Ae?NI
ia o?ceei-o?i?/i? iieacieee neeaaeo nooica?iaeaeaieo aeiiiaoa??ae?a.
(ni?o Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee, ?aaeaini-caaiae “Iaei?a/ainueeee”, 1995
?.)
Iieacieee*anoioa iaa?o?a ca oaeeeio5001500Ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?yCaeeoeia?
oeoe?e, a/100ni30,130,15Oeo?o?i? eeneioe, a/aei35,66,16Eaoe? eeneioe,
a/aei30,570,66I?eaaaeaiee aeno?aeo, a/aei320,722Caeeoeiaee aeno?aeo,
a/aei315,115,8Oaiieuei? ?a/iaeie, a/aei30,541,3Aioioe?aie,
ia/aei314,460,7
sse aeaeii c oaae 3.3, ?ioaineai?noue iaa?o?a i?eno?ith Ae?NI
nooo?ai ia aieeaa? ia eeneioi?noue, a oiio /ene? ia eaoe? eeneioe, a
oaeiae ia caeeoeia? oeoe?e io?eiaieo nooica?iaeaeaieo aeiiiaoa??ae?a. A
oie aea /an o?ueioe?aoia ca?eueoaiiy iaa?o?a eiianiiai oiaea ni?ey?
ca?eueoaiith ianiai? eiioeaio?aoe?? aeno?aeoeaieo ?a/iaei ? cia/iiio ( a
3-4 ?ace ) ca?eueoaiith ai?noo oaiieueieo ?a/iaei. ?c ca?eueoaiiyi /enea
iaa?o?a aeiiiaoa??aee noaaaee iiai?o? ia niae, caaaeyee i?aeaeoaiith
oaieiiino?, ui ia aieeioei iaaaoeaii ia ?o ye?noue, ye aeiiiaoa??ae?a
aeey i?oeieo aei.
10
3. ?ic?iaea oaoiieia?? aeaioiaeaiiy i?oeiiai i?aeeia?iiai aeia
“Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee”
C iaoith noai?aiiy iiai? ia?ee i?oeiiai aenieiye?niiai aeia ca
aeiiiiiaith i?eno?ith Ae?NI, iaie aea/aeinue a?iae?iiy i’yca? oa ??
oa?iiaei?o?eaoe?y, ye iaea?eueo aooaeoeai? iaoiaee ae?iaieoeoaa. Aoei
anoaiiaeaii, ui a?iae?iiy i’ycae aeioe?eueii i?iaiaeeoe a ae?aiacii?
ca?iaeaeoaaiiy oeoe??a 50-75 %.
Oaieiao ia?iaeo iacae aeine?aeaeoaaee ia oii? ??cieo iaa?o?a
i?eno?ith Ae?NI.
Oaaeeoey 4.1 Aieea i?eno?ith Ae?NI oa oaiia?aoo?e ia?iaee
i’ycae ia nooica?iaeaeaia aeii
(Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee, ?aaeaini-caaiae “Iaei?a/ainueeee”, 1995 ?.)
Iieacieee 500 ia/oa.1500 ia/oa.200N400N600N200N400N600NIaniaa
eiioeaio?aoe?y, a/aei3
Caeeoeia? oeoe?e 0,15 + 0,03 0,12 + 0,01 0,11+0,04 0,16+
0,02 0,15+ 0,04 0,14+ ,04
I?eaaaeaiee aeno?aeo 19,5 + 1,0 21,1+ 0,2 21,6 + 0,8
20,9+ 0,9 22,3 + 1,1 23,1+ 1,3
Oaiieuei? ?a/iaeie 0,42+ 0,06 0,49 + 0,08 0,73 + 0,02 0,92 +
0,211,33 + 0,1 1,68+ 0,19
Ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y, ia/aei3
Aioioe?aie, 4,2+ 1,3 7,1+ 1,9 32+
1,6 26,1+ 4,7 55,3+ 4,9 99,4 + 1,2 – O i?e 0,95
?c oaaeeoe? 4.1 aeaeii, ui i?e aenieeo iaa?oao i?eno??th Ae?NI
aeinoaoiuei i?ae?a??aaoe i’ycao aei 400N. Oea caaacia/o? iaiao?aeiee
i?e??no aeno?aeoeaieo oa oaiieueieo ?a/iaei.
Eoiaae? aeine?aeieo aeiiiaoa??ae?a c iaoith aeic??aaiiy ?
i?eaeaaiiy oeiiaeo niaeiaeo yeinoae ii?oaaeio ia?iaeyee oaieii ia
niiy/i?e ieiuaaeoe? a niaoe?aeueii iaeaaeiaieo ?aca?aoa?ao ?c
ia?aeaa?th/i? noae?. I?e oeueiio a iaeiei c ?aca?aoa??a aoea caeeaaeaia
niaoe?aeueii ia?iaeaia aeoaiaa, eeaiea ?c ?ac?aooieo a?aeiinii? iiaa?oi?
eiioaeoo c aeiiiaoa??aeii 60-70 ni2 ia 1 aei3 aeia. Oaiia?aoo?a
oaieiai? ia?iaee ia ia?aaeuoaaea + 350 N, o?eaae?noue – 3 i?nyoe?.
I?ney iaaeaaiiy aeiii aaaeaiieo oii?a oaieiai? ia?iaee, eiai ieeathaaee
aeaeaoeiii o aeicao 2 a. /10 aeae; aaioiieoii – 80 a/10 aeae; a iio?i
ioieiaeaeoaaee ca
11
oaiia?aoo?e, aeecueei? aei oaiia?aoo?e caia?caiiy aeia ( -100 -!10 N
). I?ney a?aeii/eieo ia i?ioyc? aeaio i?nyoe?a, ia?iaeaia aeii ?iceeee a
ieyoee. Iaeii/anii aoa aecia/aiee neeaae oaiieueieo ?a/iaei ? ye?noue
i?iaeoeoe?? ( oaaeeoey 4.2 ).
Oaaeeoey 4.2 Aieea aeoaiai? eeaiee ia neeaae oaiieueieo ?a/iaei ?
ye?noue aeia “Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/aineee” o?iaeath 1997?.i?e oaieia?e
ia?iaoe? ( ia/ aei3 )
IieacieeeIi?oaaei /a?aiieeIi?oaaei
a?eeeeiio?ieueaeine?aeeiio?ieueaeine?ae Noia oaiieueieo ?a/iaei
A oiio /ene?:
Iie?oaiiee
Eaeeiaioioe?aie
Aioioe?aie2198
1627
946
572967
2359
905
761191
796
536
–1325
964
489
–Aeaaonoaoe?eiee aae8,38,58,48,6
sse aeaeii c oaaeeoe? 4.2, a i?enooiino? aeoaiai? eeaiee
aeine?aei? aeiiiaoa??aee, i?ney ia?iaee oaieii, a?ae??ciyeenue a?eueo
aenieith eiioeaio?aoe??th oaiieueieo, ? ia?o ca ana iie?ia?ieo oi?i, ui
iia’ycaii c ?o aeno?aeoe??th ?c aea?aaeie aeoaa e iinooiiaei ieeneaiiyi.
Aeic??aaiiy i?aeeia?iiai ii?oaaeio i?e i’yeeo oaiia?aoo?ieo ?aaeeiao c
niiy/iei c?a??aaiiyi ( +300 +400 N) a i?enooiino? aeoaiai? eeaiee
i?ieoei oni?oii. Aoeao iaea?aeaiiai a?eiai ii?oaaeio a?ae??ciyany
ieiaeiaeie oa eiiuey/ieie oiiaie, niae i?e?iiee, iiaiee, iaeo/ee.
*a?aiiee ii?oaaei ia niae iaa oiia /i?iineeaa ? nooio?oeo?a, aeaaaa
aa?iii?/ia a?ae/oooy i?ney eiaoea.
Oaeei /eiii, aeic??aaiiy aei oeio ii?oaaeio a ?aca?aoa?ao ?c
ia?aeaa?th/i? noae? iiaea oni?oii a?aeaoaaoenue ca aeiiiiiaith aia?a??
niioey, o niaoe?aeueii iaeaaeiaieo aae?ii?eno?iyo. I?aeaeuaiith yeino?
? i?enei?aiith aeic??aaiiy i?oeieo aei a c?a??oeo niioeai ?aca?aoa?ao
ni?ey? aeoaiaa eeaiea, neeaaeaia ooaaaeyie a ?aca?aoa?ao ?c ?ic?aooieo
60-70 ni2 ia 1 aei3 aeiiiaoa??aeo.
Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?ae?a oa ?aaeei?a ia?iaee i’ycae
i?eno?i?i Ae?NI, ?? oa?iiia?iaee, oaieiai? ia?iaee eoiaaeo
aeiiiaoa??ae?a, aoea ?ic?iaeaia aia?aoo?ii-oaoiieia?/ia noaia
aeaioiaeaiiy aeia “Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee” ( ?en.2 ).
12
13
?en.2 Aia?aoo?ii-oaoiieia?/ia noaia aeaioiaeaiiy i?oeiiai i?aeeia?iiai
aeia
“Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee”
1 – aaoieiioaeia?; 2 – aoiea?-aeeaeeueiee; 3 – aaeeiaa
ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee O1-AAeA-20; 4 – iacaica??iee; 5 –
i?eno??e aeiiii?aeiiai ?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e i’ycae; 6 -i’ycaiianin
III-28; 7 – noeueoiaeicaoi?; 8 – /ai aeey a?iae?iiy i’ycae c
i’ycaii?oaeeith; 9 – no?ea/ ANI-20; 10 – oiaeiaee i?an O1-AII-20; 11 –
noneica??ieee; 12-?ii?noue aeey nie?oo; 13-ianin AOeI-20; 14 – ?ii?noue
aeey nie?ooaaiiy; 15 – ianin aeey aeaeaioaoe?? AE6-AII-10/32; 16 –
?ii?noue aeey aeaeaioaoe??; 17 – ?ii?noue aeey ia?iaee oaieii
aeiiiaoa??ae?a, iaeaaeiaia aae?ii?eno?i?i. Iiceoe?? 5,17 ? aaoi?neei
??oaiiyi ? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno.
Aeniiaee ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ae?iaieoeoao
1.O ae?iaieoeoa? aeana?oieo i?aaeaiiiaa?aaeieo aei ?c iaea?eueo
oe?iiiai aeiia?aaeo ioneaoieo e oieaenueeeo ni?o?a c ca?cthieaieie
yaiaeaie iaiao?aeii aeei?enoiaoaaoe aaeeia?
ae?iaa?ii-a?aaaiaa?aeae?euei? iaoeie; ao?aoe ca?cthieaieo ya?ae i?e
oeueiio a ii??aiyii? c oeaio?ia?aeieie ae?iaa?eaie nei?i/othoueny iaeaea
a 4 ?ace.
2. I?e ae?iaieoeoa? i?oeieo aei i?aeaaeeiaee ioa?? aaeeiaiai
iiae??aithaa/a O1-AAeA-20 iaiao?aeii ?aaoethaaoe a caeaaeiino? a?ae
aaee/eie ya?ae ? ?ioeo iieaciee?a iaoai?/iiai neeaaeo a?iia. ?c
ciaioaiiyi ioai?o a aeaa ?ace, ianiaa eiioeaio?aoe?y caaen?a c?inoa?
iacia/ii, a i?e??no oaiieueieo ?a/iaei neeaaea? 165 %. *anoioa iaa?o?a
aaee?a ia aea? nooo?aiai aieeao ia oeae iieaciee. Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe
iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe i?e ae?iaieoeoa? aei oeio Ii?oaaei ? Iaaea?a.
3 Aeey i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ?iaioe aaeeiaeo ae?iaa?ie O1-AAeA-20
i?e ia?a?iaoe? ae??aiiya?aeieo ni?o?a aeiia?aaeo (Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii,
Aanoa?aei iaaa?aoeueeee ? ?io? ) ? ni?o?a c oe?eueiith eiinenoaioe??th
i’yeio? cai?iiiiiaaii niaoe?aeueiee i?eno??e aeey eieaeueiiai
ia?ai?ooaaiiy i’ycae-i?eno??e Ae?NI. Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?eno??e Ae?NI
ca?eueoo? o i’yca? ia’aiio aeieth a?eueiiai nieo, ui iiceoeaii
aieeaa? ia ia?a?iaeo aenieioeoe?enoiai aeiia?aaeo c ae??aiith yaiaeith.
14
4. Iiaea?i?ciaaia aaeeiaa ae?iaa?ea c i?eno?i?i Ae?NI aeicaiey?
ca?eueoeoe aeo?ae nonea, i?enei?th? i?ioean nieia?aeae?eaiiy ?
caaacia/o? iaiao?aeio aeey i?oeieo aei e?euee?noue oaiieueieo ?a/iaei, a
aeey /a?aiieo aei – cia/io i?eaaaeo aioioeeai?a.
5. I?eno??e Ae?NI ia aieeaa? iaaaoeaii ia ye?noue aeiiiaoa??ae?a.
I?e ?ioaineaiiio ia?ai?ooaaii? i’ycae o aaciaeo aeiiiaoa??aeao aeey
/a?aiieo noieiaeo ? i?oeieo aei a 3-4 ?ace c?inoa? ai?no oaiieueieo
?a/iaei, ui iiceoeaii aieeaa? ia ye?noue. I?aeaeoaiiy oaiia?aoo?e
ia?iaee i’ycae i?ney Ae?NI ni?ey? i?e?inoo oaiieueieo niieo/aiue, a
oaeiae ca?eueoaiith aeno?aeoo, ui oaeiae iiceoeaii aieeaa? ia ye?noue
aeia.
6. Ca?eueoaiiy /enea iaa?o?a i?eno?ith Ae?NI ni?ey? iie?auaiith
caaa?aeaiiy ? iiaiioe niaeo iaea?aeaieo aeiiiaoa??ae?a, aea? iii?oio
i?eaaaeo oaiieueieo ?a/iaei, a oiio /ene? aioioe?ai?a. Iioeiaeueia
oaiia?aoo?a ia?iaee i’ycae aeey aeia “Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee” ia
iiaeiia ia?aaeuoaaoe (+400 +450 N).
7. Aeic??aaiiy aeia oeio Ii?oaaei a ?aca?aoa?ao ?c ia?aeaa?th/i?
noae? iiaea oni?oii i?iaiaeeoenue ca aeiiiiiaith aia?a?? niioey, o
niaoe?aeueii iaeaaeiaieo aae?ii?eno?iyo.
8. I?aeaeoaiith yeino? ? i?enei?aiith aeic??aaiiy i?oeieo aei a
c?a??oeo niioeai ?aca?aoa?ao ni?ey? aeoaiaa eeaiea, neeaaeaia ooaaaeyie
a ?aca?aoa?ao ?c ?ic?aooieo 60-70 ni2 ia 1 aei3 aeiiiaoa??ae?a. Oea
ni?ey? e?auiio aeic??aaiith aeia ? oi?ioaaiith yeinoae ii?oaaeio. Ia
i?ioyc? 3-o i?nyoe?a aeii aeinoeaa? aenieeo niaeiaeo yeinoae.
9. Aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae canoinoaaiiy aeei?enoaii? oaoiieia??
neeaaeaaoueny ?c ca?eueoaiiy iiooaeiino? aaeeiai? ae?iaa?ee ( a
na?aaeiueiio 15-25 % ); ? aeiiii?? aia?aiiin??a, ai?ne?aeie
aeeeth/aiiy iai?e?iaeii? oaieiai? ia?iaee.
Nienie ?ia?o, iioae?eiaaieo ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe??
1. Aiaeueyiia A.Ae., Caaei?iaeiue N.A. Iiuiinoue oieinoiai oiaea
aaeeiauo ae?iaeeie aeey aeiia?aaea // Aeiia?aaea?noai e aeiiaeaeea . –
1994. – ? 1. – n. 163-167.
2. Aiaeueyiia A.Ae., Ai?iaueaa A.A., Caaei?iaeiue N.A. Ii?aaeaeaiea
?anii?iuo oneeee a iaaeaaeeiaii caci?a ae?iaeeie aeey aeiia?aaea //
Aeiia?aaea?noai e aeiiaeaeea . – 1996. – ? 1. – n.90-97.
15
3. Oieueoe – Eoeeeia A.I., Caaei?iaeiue N.A. Oaoiieiae/aneay ioeaiea
?acee/iuo ae?iaeeueii-a?aaiaioaeaeythueo iaoei a thaeiiaa?aaeiii
aeiiaeaeee // Aeiia?aae e aeii ?innee. – 1999. – ? 1. – n. 33-34.
4 Iaoaio Oe?a?ie: NIIN?A CAAACIA*AIIss AeIC??AAIIss I?AeEIA?IIAI
I?OeIIAI AEIA OA I?ENO??E AeEss EIAI CAe?ENIAIIss / Caaei?iaeiee N.A.,
Oieueoe – Eoeeeia ?.I., Iineia I.A. – ? 23315 A io 31.08. 1998 ?. –
Iioae. A Athe. ? 4 , – 31.08. 98
5 Iaoaio Oe?a?ie: AAEEIAEE IIAe??AITHAA* – A?AAIAA?AeAe?EUeIEE AeEss
AEIIA?AAeO / Caaei?iaeiee N.A. – ? UA 7972 io 26 a?oaeiy 1995 ?. –
Iioae. A Athe. ? 4. – 26. 12. 95.
6 OAOIIEIA?*IA ?INO?OEOe?ss c ae?iaieoeoaa aeia i?aeeia?iiai
i?oeiiai “Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/ainueeee” ( /a?aiiee) O?O 202. 041 – 97
CAOAA?AeAEAII Oe?naaeaeii?iiii 26.09. 1997.
Aiioaoe?y
Caaei?iaeiee N.A. Oaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo c
aeei?enoaiiyi iiaea?i?ciaaieo ae?iaa?ii-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee iaoei.-
?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo
iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noueth 05.18.07.-oaoiieia?y i?iaeoeo?a a?iae?iiy. –
?inoeooo aeiia?aaeo ? aeia “Iaaa?a/” OAAI, sseoa 1999 ?.
?iaioo i?enay/aii oaeineiiaeaiith oaoiieia?? ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo
a oiiaao i?aaeaiiiai aa?aao E?eio ? i?eaiooaaiiy c iueiai i?aeeia?iiai
aenieiye?niiai ii?oaaeio.
Aia?oa iieacaii, ui aaeeiaa ae?iaa?ea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee ni?ey?
caa?aaeaiith o i’yca? ca?cthieaieo ya?ae, iaeiae i?e ia?a?iaoe?
aenieioeoe?enoiai aeiia?aaeo c ae??aiith yaiaeith ( Aanoa?aei
iaaa?aoeueeee, Eaaa?ia-Nia?iueii) niinoa??aa?oueny iiaaia
nieia?aeae?eaiiy. Ciaioaiiy ?ici??o i?aeaaeeiaiai ioai?o iiae??aithaa/a
ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith yeino? i?oeieo aei. Cai?iiiiiaaii i?eno??e
aeiaeaoeiaiai ?oeioaaiiy no?oeoo?e i’ycae (Ae?NI) aeey ae?iaa?ee
O1-AAeA-20, ui i?aeaeuo? ?aieia?/i? aeanoeaino? i’ycae, ca?eueoo?
ia’?iio aeieth a?eueiiai nieo, iieaaoo? aeno?aeoe?th oaiieueieo ?a/iaei,
ca?eueoo? iiooaei?noue iioi/ii? e?i??? ia?a?iaee aeiia?aaeo. ?ic?iaeaii
oaoiieia?th aeaioiaeaiiy iiaiai i?aeeia?iiai i?oeiiai aeia “Ii?oaaei
Iaei?a/ainueeee” ? c aeei?enoaiiyi oa?iiaei?o?eaoe?? i’ycae oa ia?iaeith
i?eno?i?i Ae?NI. Cai?iiiiiaaii oaieiao ia?iaeo eoiaaeo i?oeieo
aeiiiaoa??ae?a o niaoe?aeueii iaeaaeiaiiio ?aca?aoa?? ?c ia?aeaa?th/i?
noae? ia niioe? ?c neeaaeaiith a iueiio
16
a?aei?aoeueiaaiith aeoaiaith eeaieith. Oaoiieia?th aei?iaoaaii ia
aeicaaiae? ?aaeaini-caaiaeo “Iaei?a/ainueeee” AAI “Ianaiae?a”;
caoaa?aeaeaia a?aeiia?aeia oaoiieia?/ia ?ino?oeoe?y.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: oaiieuei? ?a/iaeie, aaeeiaa
ae?iaaea-a?aaaiaa?aeae?eueiee, i?eno??e aeiiii?aeiiai ?oeioaaiiy
no?oeoo?e i’ycae, aae?ii?ae?a??aa/.
Aiiioaoeey
Caaei?iaeiue N.A. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea oaoiieiaee ia?a?aaioee
aeiia?aaea n eniieueciaaieai iiaea?iece?iaaiiuo
ae?iaeeueii-a?aaiaioaeaeythueo iaoei. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
oaoie/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05. 18. 07 – oaoiieiaey i?iaeoeoia
a?iaeaiey. – Einoeooo aeiia?aaea e aeia “Iaaa?a/” OAAI, sseoa, 1999 a.
?aaioa iinayuaia niaa?oainoaiaaieth oaoiieiaee ia?a?aaioee
aeiia?aaea a oneiaeyo thaeiiai aa?aaa E?uia e i?eaioiaeaieth ec iaai
i?aeeia?iiai aunieiea/anoaaiiiai ii?oaaeia.
Aia?aua iieacaii, /oi aaeeieay ae?iaeeea-a?aaiaioaeaeeoaeue
niinianoaoao nio?aiaieth a iacaa caecthieaiiuo yaiae, iaeiaei i?e
ia?a?aaioea aunieinaoa?enoiai aeiia?aaea n iaeeie yaiaeie ( Aanoa?aei
Iaaa?a/neee, Eaaa?ia-Niaeiueii) iaaethaeaaony ieioia nieiioaeaeaiea.
Oiaiueoaiea aaee/ei iaaeaaeeiaiai caci?a ae?iaeeee niinianoaoao
iiauoaieth ea/anoaa e?aieeo aei. I?aaeeiaeaii ono?ienoai
aeiiieieoaeueiiai ?ac?ooaiey no?oeoo?u iacae ( Ae?NI ) aeey ae?iaeeee
O1-AAeA-20, /oi iiauoaao ?aieiae/aneea naienoaa iacae, oaaee/eaaao
iauaiioth aeieth naiioaea, iaeaa/aao yeno?aeoeeth oaiieueiuo aauanoa,
oaaee/eaaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iioi/iie eeiee ia?a?aaioee aeiia?aaea.
?ac?aaioaia oaoiieiaey i?eaioiaeaiey iiaiai i?aeeia?iiai e?aieiai aeia
Ii?oaaei Iaei?a/aineee n eniieueciaaieai oa?iiaeieoeeaoeee iacae e
ia?aaioeie ono?ienoaii Ae?NI. I?aaeeiaeaia oaieiaay ia?aaioea eoiaaea
e?aieeo aeiiiaoa?eaeia a niaoeeaeueii iai?oaeiaaiiii ?aca?aoa?a ec
ia?aeaaathuae noaee ia nieioea n oeiaeaiiie a ieo io?aaioaiiie aeoaiaie
eeaieie. Oaoiieiaey ii?iaiaaia ia aeicaaiaea niaoic-caaiaea
“Iaei?a/aineee” IAI “Iannaiae?a”; ooaa?aeaeaia niioaaonoaothuay
oaoiieiae/aneay eino?oeoeey.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: oaiieueiua aauanoaa, aaeeieay
ae?iaeeea-a?aaiaioaeaeeoaeue, ono?ienoai aeiiieieoaeueiiai ?ac?ooaiey
no?oeoo?u iacae, aaeeiiiaeia?aaaoaeue.
Annotation
Zadorozhny S.V. Improvement of a grape processing technology by
using modernized crushers-destemmers. – Manuscript.
Thesis to obtain a Degree of Candidate of Technical
Sciences in Specialty 05. 18. 07 – Technology of Fermented
Products. – Institute for Vine and Wine „Magarach“‚ Ukrainian
Academy of Agrarian Sciences‚ Yalta‚ 1999.
The Thesis is concerned with the improvement of a grape
processing technology under conditions of the South Coast of
the Crimea‚ in view to produce an ordinary port brand with good
quality.
It has been demonstrated for the first time that the roll
crusher-destemmer favors the maintenance of raisined berries in
the grape crush‚ yet when small-berried cultivars with high
sugar content ( Bastardo magarachski‚ Cabernet Sauvignon ) are
processed‚ juice recovery is poor. Smaller size of the roll
clearance of the crusher promotes a better quality of strong
wines. A device providing the grape crush additional breakage
(…) for the crusher T1-BDI – 20 has been suggested‚ which
improves geological properties of grape crush‚ increases the
free-run juice proportion by volume‚ facilitates phenolic
extraction and increases the output of the grape processing
line. A technology of producing a new ordinary strong wine „ Port
Malorechenski“ has been developed that envisages termovinification
has been developed that envisages termovinification of the
grape crush by using the device suggested. Thermal solar
treatment of blended wine material to be made into strong
wines in a special stainless-steel tank containing worked – out
oak chips has been proposed and tested at the winery of the
state-farm „ Malorechenski“ ( „Massandra“ Wine Trust ). A
corresponding technological instruction has been approved.
Key words: phenols‚ roll crusher-destemmer‚ device for the
grape crush additional breakage‚ solar heater.
Iiaeienaii e ia/aoe 5.04 99 a.
Oi?iao aoiaae 60 90 1/16
Iauai 1 ia/. e. Caeac ?5
Oe?aae 100 yec.
Ia/aoiay a?oiia EAeA “Iaaa?a/” , Oe?aeia, E?ui, a. sseoa, oe. Ee?iaa,
31
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