1
Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao
?iai? Ieoaeea Ae?aaiiaiiaa
Aonae Iao?i Ieeieaeiae/
OAeE 378.14
Oai??y ? oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
ii/aoeiaeo eean?a
13.00.01 – oai??y oa ?noi??y iaaeaaia?ee
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia o Aieeinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Ean?
Oe?a?iee
I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie
Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio – aeieoi? iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, aeaaeai?e
AII Oe?a?ie Ii?ic Ieaen?e A?eai?iae/, Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaeaaia?/iee
oi?aa?neoao ?i. I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa, i?ioani?.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe – aeieoi? iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, Eoaiaee
Aieiaeeie? ?ea??iiiae/, Oe?a?inueea aeaaeai?y aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy
i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie, ?aeoi?;
– aeieoi? iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Eocue Aieiaeeie? A?eai?iae/, Oiainueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee
oi?aa?neoao, ?aeoi?;
– aeieoi? ineoieia?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
I?eoiaeueei THe?y Ieaen??aia, Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao
?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa, aeioeaio.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Oa?iii?euenueeee aea?aeaaiee iaaeaaia?/iee
oi?aa?neoao ?iai? A. Aiaothea, eaoaae?a iaaeaaia?ee, I?i?noa?noai ina?oe
Oe?a?ie, i. Oa?iii?eue
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “10” /a?aiy 1999?. i 16 aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.053.01. o Iaoe?iiaeueiiio
iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa (252601), i. Ee?a,
a. Ie?iaiaa, 9)
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa (252601), i. Ee?a,
a. Ie?iaiaa, 9)
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 7 ” o?aaiy 1999?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
I.I. ?oaeieoeueea
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue oa aeioe?euei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeaie. Ia?aaoaeiaa
aeui? oeiee cae?enith?oueny o iai?yieo caaacia/aiiy i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooiueiai niaoe?ae?noa aei i?ioan?eii? oai?/i? i?aoe? oeyoii
aeoea?caoe?? naiino?eii? iiooeiai? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a, cie?aia
/a?ac ?icoe?aiiy iaae aeaaeai?/ii? naiaiaee o aeai?? ??cieo niinia?a
canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, oiaoi aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aeueiiai
i?ioeano. Ni?yiiaai?noue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/i? iniaeeaino? nooaeaio?a caaacia/o?
oi?ioaaiiy o ieo oi?iiy a/eoeny, iio?aao a naiiina?o?, aeieeiaiiy
aaaeaiiy aaia?oaaoe ?aea?, ooeaoe aeueoa?iaoeai? ?ica’ycee noaiaea?oieo
oa i?iaeaiieo neooaoe?e oiui.
Ia a?aei?io a?ae na?aaeiuei? oeiee, aea ?aea? aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
ao?eththoueny aeineoue ?ioaineaii (N.I. Eiaa/aanueea, I.ss. Naa/aiei,
A.A. Oo?iai, ?.A. Oio oa ?io?) ?ic?iaea oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue i
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?o o i?aeoeeo aeuiai caeeaaeo ina?oe aiaeaoaa?oueny
iia?euei?oa. I?e ooaa?aeaeaii? caaaeueiii?eeiyoeo iieiaeaiue iniaeno?nii
i???ioiaaiiai iaa/aiiy oaeoe/ii i?iaeiaaeo?oueny ni?yiiaai?noue
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia “na?aaeiueiai” nooaeaioa. O ca’yceo ?c oeei,
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioeieiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o aeuiio
caeeaae? ina?oe noa? ana a?eueo aeooaeueiei, ine?eueee oaea iaa/aiiy
noai?th? oiiae, ca yeeo eiaeiee nooaeaio iaieiae?aa? ?iaiai i?ioanieii?
iiaeaioiaee, ui aiaeiiaiaea? eiai iiaeeeainoyi.
Iaea?eueoith i??ith oea noino?oueny aeeiiaiiy iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie
aeeaeaeoe/ii? ooieoe??. Nueiaiaei? o?aaeeoe?eia iaa/aiiy, ui i?aaaeth? o
aeu?e oeie?, ia caaacia/o? iaeaaeii? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, ui
ni?e/eiaia nooo?aeie iaaeie?eaie i?e aea/aii? nooaeaioaie ie?aieo
ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i, a?ae yeino? iiaioaaiiy yeeo
caeaaeeoue ia eeoa aoaeoeai?noue canai?iiy iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, aea e caaaeueiii?ioan?eiee ??aaiue ?o
eaae?o?eaoe??, noaaeaiiy aei iaeaooiuei? i?ioan??, iioeaaoe?y i?aoe?.
Nueiaiaei? iaoeiaoe? i?iiiiothoue ??ciiiai?oi? eiioeaioe?? iaa/aiiy oa
aeoiaaiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe ? a?aeiia?aei? oaoiieia?? aeey ?o
?aae?caoe??. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy a i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey ii/aoeiaeo eean?a aaco?oueny ia ?aeayo
noi?nii? i?iaeoeoeaii? ae?yeueiino? (A.N. Aaa?aa, I.A. Ee?e/oe,
ss.E.Eieiiainueeee, ?.N. I?ioeia, A.A. Iao?ianueeee); eiioaenoiiai
iaa/aiiy (A.A. Aa?aeoeueeee); canoinoaaiiy i?iaeaiieo caaaeaiue
(O.I.Eo?eeaiei, A.I. Iieyei, A.O. Iaeaia?/oe, E.O. Ni???i, I.?. O?oie?i,
A.A. Oo?iai); oe?e?niino? iaaeaaia?/iiai i?ioeano (I.A. Aaaeoe?ia, A.?.
Aiiaea?, A.A. E?a?anueeee, ?.ss. Ea?ia?, A.I. Eeoa/ia); oai???
iaaeaaia?/ii? ?aoeaen?? (TH.I. Eoethoe?i, A.N. Nooianueea); iieiaeaiue
?ioaineo?eaoe?? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a (?.?. ?eueynia,
A.ss. Eyoaeen); aaoi?nueeeo eiioeaioe?e aeui? iaaeaaia?/ii? ina?oe
(N.?.A?oaiaaeuenueeee, I.N. Aaooeaiei, I.I.Eaa?ia, I.A. Ii?ic, A.A.
Ioae?ee, A.A. Neanoueii?i, ?.O.Oa?eaiia, I.?. Oe?eue).
Aaaeeeao ?ieue o aecia/aii? iaea?eueo oe?iieo i?ioan?eieo yeinoae
iaeaooiueiai a/eoaey oa i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiai i?ioeano o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe a?ae?a?aee iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy A.I.
Aaniaeueea, O.I. Aiiiaie?ia, ?.?.Eiaeeyoeueeiai, A.?. Eoaiaiai, ?.O.
Iai?iaei?eiaa, I.?. I?neoiiaa, A.?. Ua?aaeiaa oa ?ioeo. Aaaiiee aianie o
oai??th oa i?aeoeeo i?aeaioiaee iaaeaaia?/ieo eaae??a c?iaeee I.A.
Aaaeoe?ia, TH.I. Aca?ia, I.?. Aieaee??a, O.A. ?eue?ia, O.I.Iaia/ei, A.E.
?icia, A.I. Neanoueii?i, ?.?. Oiaethe oa ?ioeo. O i?aoeyo A.I.
Aeaenthea, I.I. Aieiaeea, A.A. Eicaeiaa, E.A.Eiaaeue, I.A.Ii?ica, ?.?.
Oiaethe oa ?ioeo a/aieo aeine?aeaeothoueny ??ciiiai?oi? aniaeoe
aaeineiiaeaiiy i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a, ?ice?eaathoueny
iniiai? ooieoe?? iaeaooiueiai niaoe?ae?noa, ui caaacia/othoue
aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano eiai aaeaioaoe?? aei ?aaeueii? i?ioan?eii?
ae?yeueiino?. Iniiaia oaaaa i?eae?ey?oueny i?aeaioiaoe? oai?/i?
iniaenoino? iaeaooiueiai niaoe?ae?noa.
Ao?i, i?iaeaio caaacia/aiiy aeniei? aoaeoeaiino? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ia iiaeia aaaaeaoe aeine?aeaeaiith aeinoaoiueith
i??ith. Oae, ia ciaeoee iaeaaeiiai aena?oeaiiy ieoaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, ui ? caniaii ?aae?caoe??
iniaeno?nii-i???ioiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo, yeee ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith ??aiy
iaaeaaia?/ii? iaenoa?iino? nooaeaio?a, noeioeth? anaa?/iee ?icaeoie
iniaenoino? eiaeiiai c ieo ia iniia? caaacia/aiiy iioeiaeueiiai, c
o?aooaaiiyi eiai iniaeeainoae, ?ioaeaeooaeueiiai, i?ioan?eiiai ?icaeoeo,
na?aeiiiai e i?oeiiai canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue, iaieiae?iiy
oi?iiyie ?o canoiniaoaaoe ia i?aeoeoe? oa oai?/i aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?e
?ica’ycaii? iiaeo i?iaeai. Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae?
ina?oe ciaoiaeeoueny a noaae?? aenia?eiaiooaaiiy ? iieno?oueny
ia?aaaaeii a eaiaeeaeaonueeeo aeena?oaoe?yo (E.A.Ia?o??inyi, TH.N.
Naa/aiei, A.A. Naiiaia, A.A. Oeueinue oa ?io?). I?eeeaaeiee oa
iaiaaeaiee iaaiith noa?ith oa?aeoa? oeeo aeine?aeaeaiue ia aea? iiaii?
ea?oeie i?i oai?aoeei-oaoiieia?/io i?e?iaeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
o aeu?e oeie?. A?aenooi?noue oe?e?niiai oai?aoe/iiai ia??oiooaaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe oa iaiao?aei?noue
?ic?iaee i?eeeaaeieo iaoai?ci?a eiai ?aae?caoe?? o i?ioean? i?aeaioiaee
a/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a coiiaeee aea?? oaie aeena?oaoe?? “Oai??y ?
oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo
eean?a”.
Ia`?eo aeineiaeaeaiiy: aeeoa?aioeiaoe?y iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae?
ina?oe.
I?aaeiao aeineiaeaeaiiy: oai??y oa oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy a i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
ii/aoeiaeo eean?a.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o ?ic?iaoe?, oai?aoe/iiio ia??oiooaaii? oa
aenia?eiaioaeuei?e ia?aa??oe? iiaeae? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe, ui caaacia/o? aenieo aoaeoeai?noue aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a oa ni?ey? ?o oai?/iio
?icaeoeia?.
A iniiao aeine?aeaeaiiy iieeaaeaii eiioeaiooaeueia oaa?aeaeaiiy, nooue
yeiai iieyaa? a ae?aeaeoe/i?e aca?iiae?? ?ioaa?aoe?eieo oa
aeeoa?aioe?eieo i?ioean?a. Ca?aeii c oeei aoaeue-yea aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ?
aoaeoeaiith, yeui coiiaeth?oueny ?aieaie ?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a.
Aeo?ae ca oae? ?aiee aecia/a? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th ye noeo?eia, neooaoeaia,
?ic??ciaia, naiiaeinoaoi? yaeua. A aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy o aeu?e oeie? ia?aaeaa/a? noai?aiiy oiia aeey
a?eueiiai aeai?o nooaeaioii aeanii? o?a?eoi??? iaa/aiiy a iaaeao
oe?e?nii? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, ?ic?iaeaia iiaeaeue yei?
a?oioo?oueny ia eia?/iiio no?oeoo?oaaii? oa ?ioaa?aoe?? ci?noo
ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i.
Aiiioaca aeine?aeaeaiiy: iioeiaeueiei niiniaii aoaeoeaiiai canai?iiy
iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue ? ?icaeoeo ?oi?o
iaaeaaia?/ieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae ? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy, yea
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny:
1) i?aai?caoe??th ??cii??aiaaiai iaa/aiiy nooaeaio?a, ui caaacia/o? ?o
?iaeea?aeoaeueio o?a?eoi??th iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?;
2) eia?/iei no?oeoo?oaaiiyi ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, yea aeicaiey?
aa??thaaoe niiniae eiai canai?iiy;
3) aeeaeiith oa iia?aoeai?noth a?aooaaiiy o iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean?
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a;
4) ae?aeaeoe/iith aca?iiae??th c ?ioaa?aoe?eieie i?ioeanaie, ui
aecia/athoue eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy a iaaeao oe?e?nii? iiaeae? aeenoeeie?i
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, aaciaei eiiiiiaioii yei? ? aeeaeaeoeea.
Ca?aeii c iaoith, ia’?eoii, i?aaeiaoii oa a?iioacith ie?aneaii iniiai?
caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy:
1. ?ice?eoe nooue oa iniaeeaino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe.
2. Aeyaeoe oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe oaoiieia?caoe?? iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae?
ina?oe, ui aecia/athoue iaoiaeieia?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee oaoiieia??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a.
3. Ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe oaoiieia?th aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ca oacaie
oa aoaiaie aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a ? ??aiyie canai?iiy ieie
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo;
4. ?ice?eoe ci?noia?, i?ioeanoaeuei? oa eiio?ieueii-?aaoethth/?
oa?aeoa?enoeee aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai canai?iiy iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie
ii/aoeiaeo eean?a aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue;
5. Aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??eoe aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy oaoiieia??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a ?
ai?iiiioaaoe caaaeuei? oai?aoeei-i?eeeaaei? /eiieee eiai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe.
Iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaeathoue: caaaeueiiiaoeia?
iieiaeaiiy ae?aeaeoe/ii? oai??? i?ciaiiy: iiceoe?? uiaei aca?iica’yceo ?
aca?iioaoiiaeaiino? yaeu ae?eniino?, ?icoi?iiy aii??e/ieo ? oai?aoe/ieo
??ai?a i?ciaiiy, o?einionueea aa/aiiy ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eaoaai??e
“caaaeueia”, “iniaeeaa”, “iaeeie/ia”, o?aeooaaiiy ?aeiino? oai??? ?
i?aeoeee; iiceoe?? nenoaiiiai, ae?yeuei?niiai oa oaoiieia?/iiai
i?aeoiae?a aei aiae?co oa i?iaeooaaiiy iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano.
Oai?aoe/io iniiao aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaeathoue iieiaeaiiy:
– ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? oai??? oai?/iai ?icaeoeo iniaenoino?
(E.A.Caieia, A.I. Iieyei, A.O. Iaeaia?/oe, I.Ae. ss?ia/aiei oa ?io?);
– i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe (A.I.
Aeaenthe, A.?.Eoaiaee, I.A. Ii?ic, oa ?io?);
– aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? iaa/aiiy (I.ss. Naa/aiei, A.A.
Oo?iai, ?.A. Oio oa ?io?);
– caaacia/aiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
(I.I.Aaaeoe?ia, A.?. Aiiaea?, I.A., I.ss. Naa/aiei, I.A.Oaeaeaiei oa
?io?);
– no?oeoo?oaaiiy ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeenoeeie?i o aeuiio
caeeaae? ina?oe (A.I. Aaniaeueei, ?.ss. Ea?ia? oa ?io? );
– oaoiieia?? iiaeoeueiiai iaa/aiiy (A.I. Aeaenthe, A.A. Oo?iai,
I.A.THoeya?/aia oa ?io?);
– ia’?eoea?caoe?? eiio?ieth ? ioe?iee ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a (A.N.
Aaaiania, TH.E. Aaaainueeee oa ?io?);
I?aai?caoe?y oa aoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeine?aeaeaiiy cae?enithaaeinue o
o?e aoaie i?ioyaii 1992-1998 ?ie?a.
Ia ia?oiio aoai? (1992-1993??.) i?iaiae?ciaaii o?einionueeo,
ineoieia?/io oa iaaeaaia?/io e?oa?aoo?o c i?iaeai i?aai?caoe??
iniaeno?nii i???ioiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe. Aecia/aii
aeioe?euei?noue canoinoaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o i?ioean?
i?aeaioiaee iaeaooiueiai a/eoaey ii/aoeiaeo eean?a. Aeoeaioiaaii oaaao
ia i?iaeai? i?aeaioiaee iaaeaaia?a aei aeeiiaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii? ooieoe??.
?ic?iaeaii i?ia?aio, aenoiooi ?iai/o a?iioaco, aecia/aii ia’?eo,
i?aaeiao, noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aeaioiaeaii
iaoa??aee uiaei i?iaaaeaiiy eiinoaooth/iai aenia?eiaioo.
Ia ae?oaiio aoai? (1994?) i?iaaaeaii eiinoaooth/ee aenia?eiaio o
Aieeinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Ean? Oe?a?iee,
A?iieoeueeiio iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai, I?eea?iaonueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai?
Aaneey Noaoaieea. ?acoeueoaoe oi?ioth/iai aenia?eiaioo aeicaieeee
aecia/eoe no/aniee ??aaiue aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a,
aeooaeuei? i?iaeaie i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano c a?aooaaiiyi
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a. Ia iniia? aiae?co
oa nenoaiaoecaoe?? io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a iaoeiai ia??oioiaaii iiaeaeue
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy a i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a.
Ia o?aoueiio aoai? (1995-1998??.) i?iaaaeaii oi?ioth/ee aenia?eiaio,
aianaii ei?aeoeae a icia/aiiy eiioeaiooaeueieo iieiaeaiue. I?iaaaeaii
aenia?eiaioaeueio ia?aa??eo aoaeoeaiino? ??cii??aiaaiai canai?iiy
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue. C?iaeaii aiae?c
noi?iiaaiino? caaaeueieo oa iaaeaaia?/ieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a o ii??aiyii? c? nooaeaioaie, caae?yieie o
aeine?aeii-aenia?eiaioaeuei?e ?iaio?. ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeeaaeaii o iiiia?ao?yo: “Oaoiieia?y canai?iiy
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai???” – 1996?., “I?aeaioiaea o/eoaey:
oaoiieia?/i? aniaeoe” – 1999?. Caaa?oaii e?oa?aoo?ia ioi?ieaiiy oaenoo
aeena?oaoe??.
A?aeiia?aeii aei iinoaaeaieo caaaeaiue c iaoith ia?aa??ee a?iioace aoei
aeei?enoaii oae? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy:
a) oai?aoe/i?: aiae?c, neioac, ii??aiyiiy, iiaeaethaaiiy,
nenoaiaoecaoe?y, ocaaaeueiaiiy oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo;
a) aii??e/i?: iieooaaiiy (aieaooaaiiy, ?ioa?a’thaaiiy, aan?aea), i?yia ?
iai?yia niinoa?aaeaiiy, naiiniinoa?aaeaiiy, oanooaaiiy, aenia?oia
ioe?iea, naiiioe?iea, eiinoaooth/ee oa oi?ioth/ee aenia?eiaioe.
Aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? ia?iaeyeeny ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiae?a iaoaiaoe/ii?
noaoenoeee.
Aenia?eiaioaeueia aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeine?aeii-aenia?eiaioaeueia
?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue o Aieeinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Ean?
Oe?a?iee oa A?iieoeueeiio iaaeaaia?/iiio oi?aa?neoao? ?iai? Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai. Aeine?aeaeaiiyi ca iiaiith i?ia?aiith aoei ioiieaii
1488 nooaeaio?a.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o oiio, ui aia?oa oe?e?nii
oai?aoe/ii iaa?oioiaaii iaoai?cie ooieoe?iioaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe: oai?aoe/i?, ?noi?e/i?, aaiaoe/i?,
iaoiaeieia?/i?, oaoiieia?/i?; ?ice?eoi iniaeeaino? i?aai?caoe??
oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a; aeeaeaeoe/io
i?aeaioiaeo o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe i?aaenoaaeaii ye ?ioaa?aoe?th
iaaieo ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i ? eo?n?a; ye?niiai ?icaeoeo
iaaoee iieiaeaiiy uiaei ci?noo, no?oeoo?e, oac, aoai?a oa iaoiaeeee
??cii??aiaaiai canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue ia
iniia? ?ioaa?aoe?? aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee.
Oai?aoe/ia cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? o iiaoaeia? oe?e?nii? iiaeae?
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o aeueo caeeaaeao ina?oe; iiaeeaeaii? oa
iiaeaeueoiio ?icaeoeia? iieiaeaiue i?i a?aooaaiiy
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a; i?acaioaoe??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia iniia? aa??aoeaiiai canai?iiy
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue; ocaaaeueiaii? oyaeaiue i?i
iioeiaeuei? iai?yiee eia?/iiai no?oeoo?oaaiiy oa ?ioaa?aoe?? ci?noo
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a aecia/a?oueny oei, ui
?ic?iaeaii ? ai?iaaaeaeaii:
– aio/eo iaa/aeueio i?ia?aio c eo?no aeeaeaeoeee;
– iaoiaeeeo iiaeoeueii-aei/iiai aea/aiiy ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo;
– nenoaio aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue c oai??? iaa/aiiy;
– aa??aoeai? ??cii??aiaa? caaaeaiiy c iaaeaaia?/ii? i?aeoeee;
– ?aeoeiaiao nenoaio ia’?eoeaii? ioe?iee ?acoeueoao?a iaa/aiiy;
– caaaeuei? iieiaeaiiy uiaei canoinoaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe.
Ai?iaiaaia oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iiaea aooe
aeei?enoaia o i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee a/eoaey o aeuiio
caeeaae? ina?oe, ia eo?nao oaeineiiaeaiiy a/eoae?a, ia oaeoeueoaoao
ia?ai?aeaioiaee o/eoaeuenueeeo eaae??a, a i?aai?caoe?? ?iaioe
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo nai?ia??a iaaeaaia?/ieo eieaeoea?a o
caaaeueiiina?oi?e oeie?. Iniiai? i?aeoiaee oa caaaeuei? oa?aeoa?enoeee
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iiaeooue canoiniaoaaoeny i?e i?aai?caoe??
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ii i?aeaioiaoe? o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe a/eoae?a
??cieo i?io?e?a.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoaii a i?ioean? caaacia/aiiy
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a iaaeaaia?/ieo oaeoeueoao?a
Aieeinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Ean? Oe?a?iee oa
A?iieoeueeiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai, Ie?ai? iieiaeaiiy oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
caaaeueii-aeeaeaeoe/iiai ieaio canoiniaothoueny ia th?eaee/iiio
oaeoeueoao? AAeO ?i. Ean? Oe?a?iee oa iaaeaaia?/ii-?iaeono??aeueiiio,
o?eieia?/iiio, o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/iiio oaeoeueoaoao AAeIO ?i. Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai.
I?ioyaii onueiai ia??iaeo oai?aoeei-aenia?eiaioaeueii? ?iaioe aaoi?
iniaenoi a?aa o/anoue a ai?iaaoe?? ? i?aeoe/i?e ?aae?caoe?? ?ic?iaeaieo
iieiaeaiue ? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e o i?ioean? aeeeaaeaoeueei? e
iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/ii? ae?yeueiino? o AAeO ?i. Ean? Oe?a?iee, a oaeiae
iaaeaaaa iaoeiai-eiinoeueoaoeaio e iaoiaee/io aeiiiiiao aeeeaaea/ai
aeueo caeeaae?a ina?oe. I?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy a i?aeoeeo ae?yeueiino? AAeO ?i. Ean? Oe?a?iee aeaeaii
aeia?aeeo ?5/210 a?ae 08.02.99 ?ieo, oa AAeIO ?i. Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai – ?04/05 a?ae 11.01.99 ?ieo.
Iniaenoee aianie aeena?oaioa a iaea?aeaii? iaoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa?
o iiaoaeia? iiaeae? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, yea ai?iaiaaia a
aeine?aeii-aenia?eiaioaeueieo oiiaao.
Ia caoeno aeiinyoueny:
1. Iieiaeaiiy i?i aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe ye
naiino?eio iaaeaaia?/io oaoiieia?th, ui caaacia/o? ?aae?caoe?th
iniaeno?nii-i???ioiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo aei aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie
aeeaeaeoeee;
2. Oai?aoe/ia iiaeaeue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, ui aecia/a?oueny
oaeeie ia?aiao?aie: i?ciaaaeueia ni?yiiaai?noue, ??ai? canai?iiy
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, nooi?iue ?aoe?iiaeueii? aca?iiae?? aeeeaaea/a ?
nooaeaio?a, iayai?noue cai?ioiiai ca’yceo, i??a naiino?eiino?
nooaeaio?a, ci?noiaa coiiaeai?noue oi?ioaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue,
oi?iue oa iniaeno?nieo yeinoae niaoe?ae?noa;
3. Iiaeoeueii-aei/iee niin?a ?aae?caoe?? eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e ci?noo
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeeaeaeoeee oa ?aeoeiaiaa ioe?iea ?acoeueoao?a
??cii??aiaaiai canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue;
4. Caaaeuei? iieiaeaiiy ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy o i?ioean? i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o niaoe?ae?no?a o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe.
A??ia?aei?noue oa iaa?oioiaai?noue iaoeiaeo iieiaeaiue ? aeniiae?a
i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aeeaieei ? ??ciia?/iei oai?aoe/iei aiae?cii i?iaeaie
ye oe?e?nii? eiioeaioe??, canoinoaaiiyi aenia?eiaioaeueieo iiceoe?e o
?yae? aoc?a Oe?a?ie i?e aea/aii? iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie aeenoeeie?i
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee oa aeno?aiieyoe??th oai?aoe/ii-i?eeeaaeieo
aeeeaaeie ia i?ioean aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie ?ioeo
iaa/aeueieo i?aaeiao?a, i?iaaaeaiiyi aeine?aeaeaiue c? nooaeaioaie oa
aeeeaaea/aie aaciina?aaeiuei ca’ycaieo ? iaca’ycaieo i?ae niaith
i?ioan?eii-iaaeaaia?/iith ae?yeuei?noth, aaaaoi??/iith ia?aa??eith
iaoiaeee aeine?aeaeaiiy a ??cieo oiiaao canoinoaaiiy, aeei?enoaiiyi
no/anieo noaoenoe/ieo iaoiae?a ia?iaee oa aiae?co ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy noaee iniiaith aeiiia?aeae ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo
i?aeia?iaeieo ? ?anioae?eainueeeo eiioa?aioe?yo oa nai?ia?ao o i.
Oa?iiiie? (1991?), i. Ee?a? (1994?, 1998?), i. Eooeueeo (1993?,
1995-1997??), i. A?iieoe? (1998-1999??), ia iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a AAeO ?i. Ean?
Oe?a?iee (1991-1998??). Iniiai? iiceoe?? aeena?oaoe?? oa ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiiy iaaiai?thaaeenue ia eaoaae?? iaaeaaia?/ieo oaoiieia?e oa
ineoieia??, eaoaae?? nioe?aeueii? iaaeaaia?ee, i?ioani?nueeith ? a/aiith
?aaeith AAeO ?i Ean? Oe?a?iee, ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e iaaeaaia?ee ?
eaoaae?e iaaeaaia?ee oa iaoiaeeee ii/aoeiaiai iaa/aiiy AAeIO ?i. Ieoaeea
Eioethaeinueeiai.
Ioae?eaoe??. Oai?aoe/i? oa i?aeoe/i? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?aaenoaaeai? o 25 ioae?eaoe?yo, a oiio /ene? o 2
iiiia?ao?yo, 2 iaa/aeueieo iin?aieeao, 2 iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?yo, 10
iaoeiaeo noaoae. Iaeiiin?aieo i?aoeue 18. Caaaeueiee ianya iniaenoiai
aianeo noaiiaeoue 38.2 ae?oeiaaieo a?eoo?.
No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y ianyaii 415 noi??iie neeaaea?oueny
c? anooio, i’yoe ?icae?e?a, ei?ioeeo aeniiae?a aei eiaeiiai ?icae?eo,
caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, nieneo 362 iaeiaioaaiue, c yeeo 15 ?iicaiieie
iiaaie, i?noeoue 31 ?enoiie, 28 oaaeeoeue oa 4 aeiaeaoee ia 95
noi??ieao. Iiaiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? 510 noi??iie iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo.
Iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe??
O anooi? ia??oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie, aecia/aii ia’?eo,
i?aaeiao ? iaoo aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?aaenoaaeaii eiai a?iioaco oa
ia?a?aoiaaii iniiai? caaaeaiiy, aeeeaaeaii iaoiaeieia?/i? oa oai?aoe/i?
iniiae, aeacaii iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy, ?ice?eoi iaoeiao iiaecio,
oai?aoe/io oa i?aeoe/io cia/ei?noue io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a,
noi?ioeueiaai? iieiaeaiiy, ye? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, aena?oeaii
iai?yiee ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oa ai?iaaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioaeueiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? – “Oai?aoe/i? iniiae aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy o
aeueo caeeaaeao ina?oe” – c?iaeaii ?noi?eei-iaaeaaia?/iee aiae?c iiiyooy
“aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy” oa noi?aeieo c iei iiiyoue, noi?ioeueiaaii
eiioeaiooaeuei? canaaee aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy, ioa?aeoa?eciaaii
aeina?ae aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano a ca?oa?aei?e
ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/i?e iaooe?, i?iaaaeaii eiino?oeoeaiee aiae?c
aa??aoeaieo iiceoe?e a?aooaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo
iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a o i?ioean? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy,
aecia/aii iniiai? yeino?, ye? iaoiiaeththoue aoaeoeai?noue
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy a i?ioean? ?o aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a.
Cacia/a?oueny, ui aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy – iaaeaaia?/ia yaeua, yea ?
aeineoue neeaaeiei ? aaaaoia?aiiei. Iniaeeai? aeooaeueiino? iaaoaa?
oaea iaa/aiiy o aeueo caeeaaeao ina?oe, aea iaeaeoeai?oa i?ioiaeeoue
i?ioean i?ioan?eiiai noaiiaeaiiy iaeaooi?o niaoe?ae?no?a. O no/aniie
iaoeiaie eioa?aoo?i aaoi?e aeaeieythoue ?icii aniaeoe i?ioeano
aeeoa?aioeiaoei? iaa/aiiy. ??ciia?/i?noue i?aeoiae?a ? o?aeooaaiue
iiiyooy “aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy” coiiaeth?oueny oeieyie, caniaaie oa
niiniaaie eiai canoinoaaiiy a eiaeiiio eiie?aoiiio aeiaaeeo.
Ia iniiai aea/aiiy iaaeaaiai/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue aio/eciyieo oa
ca?oaiaeieo iaaeaaiaia aecia/aii oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe aeeoa?aioeiaoei?
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe, ui aeicaiey? aeeaoa c?icoi?oe iaoeia?
canaaee aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy ia ??ai? caaaeueiiai ? eiie?aoiiai,
ni?eueiiai ? a?aei?iiiai, oe?eiai e /anoeiaiai.
Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy – oea ?ic??ciaiiy ae?yeueiino? oeo, ooi
iaa/a?oueny, ca oaeeie iioeaaoe?eieie iiceoe?yie iniaenoino?: “iiaeo” ?
“oi/o”. Caeaaeii a?ae oeueiai aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy iiae?ey?oueny ia
??aiaao ? i?io?eueio. ??aiaaa aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y – oea aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ca
cae?aiinoyie oa oni?oi?noth a iaa/aii?, a i?io?eueia – ca iaoeeaie oa
?ioa?anaie.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy aaiaoe/ii ia?aaeaa/a? ni?yiiaai?noue ia
iniaeno?noue nooaeaioa. Ia?aeaeueii ?c noi?aeiei iiiyooyi
“?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?y iaa/aiiy” aiii i?ioiaeeoue ?yae aoai?a, ca yeeie
?ioa?i?aoo?oueny ye i?aeo?ae, i?eioeei, eiioeaioe?y ? oaoiieia?y. A
iniiao oa?i?iieia?/ii? oa ci?noiai? ?iciaaeiaaiino? oeeo iiiyoue iaie
iieeaaeaii, c iaeiiai aieo, /anoioo aaeeaaiiy eiaeiiai c ieo ia iaaiiio
aoai? ?icaeoeo iaaeaaia?/ii? iaoee, a c ?ioiai, ? oea ? iniiaiei, –
ci?no, ui aeeaaea?oueny o eiaeia c oeeo iiiyoue.
Oiiaii aeeiai?eo aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? iaa/aiiy iiaeia
iiaeaoe oaeei /eiii:
1. 60-? ?iee – iniaeno?niee i?aeo?ae. Iniiaia nooue aeine?aeaeaiue –
iiooe oeyo?a a?aooaaiiy iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a o iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean?
aeuiai caeeaaeo ina?oe;
2. 70-? ?iee – ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee oa aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee i?aeoiaee aei
iaa/aiiy. Iniiaia nooue aeine?aeaeaiue – niiniae oa oa?aeoa? naiino?eii?
?iaioe nooaeaio?a ia iniia? ?o a?oioaaiiy ca ie?aieie yeinoyie;
3. 80-? ?iee – i?eioeeie ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? oa aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
iaa/aiiy. Iniiaia nooue aeine?aeaeaiue – ?ic?iaea aeeaeaeoe/ieo aeiia
aei i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia iniia? a?aooaaiiy
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a;
4. E?iaoeue 80-o – ii/aoie 90-o – eiioeaioe?? ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? oa
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy. Iniiaia nooue aeine?aeaeaiue – ?ice?eooy
iniaeeainoae oe?e?nii? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? ia iniia? i?eioeei?a
?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? oa aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy;
5. 90-? ?iee – iaiao?aei?noue noai?aiiy oaoiieia?e
?iaeea?aeoae?ciaaiiai oa aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy. Iniiaia nooue
aeine?aeaeaiue – noai?aiiy iiaeaeae aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa
?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? iaa/aiiy ia iniia? oaoiieia?/ieo iiceoe?e. Iiaia
?iciaaeoaaiiy oaoiieia?e ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? oa aeeoa?aioe?aoe??
iaa/aiiy.
6. Ia?niaeoeaa – ii?aeiaiiy oaoiieia?? ?iaeea?aeoae?ciaaiiai oa
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy a iaaeaaia?/i?e nenoai? iniaeno?nii
i???ioiaaiiai iaa/aiiy nooaeaio?a. Iniiaia nooue aeine?aeaeaiue –
?ic?iaea iaaeaaia?/ieo iniia iioeiaeueiiai ii?aeiaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai oa ?iaeea?aeoae?ciaaiiai iaa/aiiy a oe?e?ni?e
eiioeaioe?? iniaeno?nii i???ioiaaiiai iaa/aiiy.
Aiae?c iaoeiai-iaaeaaia?/ii? e?oa?aoo?e aea? i?aenoaae noaa?aeaeoaaoe,
ui i?e ?icaeyae? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy ne?ae a?aoiaoaaoe ianooiia:
· aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy o?nii aca?iiiia’ycaia c
?iaeea?aeoae?caoe??th, aea ia oioiaeia ?e. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iiaea
aenooiaoe ? ye can?a ?aae?caoe?? ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? iaa/aiiy, ? ye
naiino?eia oaoiieia?y, yea ?ica’yco? eeoa ?e aeanoea? caaaeaiiy. Ia
a?aei?io a?ae ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a?
eieaeoeaio i?aai?caoe?th i?aoe? ? ?aae?ciao?oueny a iaaeao ni?eueieo
ii?iaoeaieo ci?noiaeo iiceoe?e;
· aoc?anueea aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ia?aaeaa/a? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th ina?oe oa
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th iaa/aiiy. O ci?no ia?oi? aoiaeeoue no?oeoo?oaaiiy
ina?oe ia iniia? a?aooaaiiy iaaieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a o iaaeao
a?aeiia?aeieo no?oeoo?ieo ina?oi?o i?ae?icae?e?a. ssne?aaei ae?aaeaiiyi
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ina?oe o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe ? nooiaiaaa ina?oa,
i?io?eueia iaa/aiiy a iaaeao iniiaii? niaoe?aeueiino? oa ?ioa.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy caiaeeoueny aei niiniao i?aai?caoe??
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano c o?aooaaiiyi aaaeeeaeo iniaeno?nieo yeinoae
nooaeaio?a;
· i?aai?caoe?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a? iaa/aeueio
ae?yeuei?noue nooaeaioa o o?eeooieeo iaaeaaia-a?oia-nooaeaio. ?iaioa
nooaeaio?a o a?oiao iiaea cae?enithaaoenue ye aei?noei (uiaei aeyaeaieo
iniaeeainoae), oae ? aeia?eueii (ia iniia? aeaniiai aeai?o).
O ca?oa?aei?e iaaeaaia?oe? (O?I, Aaeeeia?eoai?y, NOA, Eaiaaea oa ?i.)
a?aooaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo yeinoae iniaenoino? a iaa/aii?
ni?eeia?oueny ia eeoa ye oaeo, aea e ye aeeaeaeoe/iee i?eioeei, ui
?aaoeth? ?iciiae?e o/i?a ia iaai? a?oie. I?e /iio, /ei a?eueoa
a?aoiaothoueny o iaa/aii? iniaeeaino? eiaeiiai, oei a?eueoa
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy iaaeeaea?oueny aei ?iaeea?aeoae?ciaaiiai
(O.Iae?iaa?).
A iniia? ca?oa?aeieo aoc?anueeeo oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy eaaeaoue oae?
ineoieia?/i? oa?aeoa?enoeee:
· i??i?eoaoi?noue iieiaeaiue ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy
i?ciaaaeueieo i?ioean?a;
· i???ioaoe?y ia ineoio?c?ieia?/i? aeanoeaino? oa coiiaeai? ieie
iniaeno?ni? yeino?, ui aieeaathoue ia naiii?aai?caoe?th iaa/aeueii?
ae?yeueiino? oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueio no?aoaa?th iiaaae?iee nooaeaio?a o
iaa/aii?;
· a?aooaaiiy aiioe?eieo noai?a nooaeaioa, ye? coiiaeththoueny
?acoeueoaoaie iaa/aeueii? naiiaeooae?caoe??;
· ni?yiiaai?noue iaa/aiiy ia oi?ioaaiiy oe?ii?nieo i???ioaoe?e oa
iniaeno?nieo iiaiooai?aiue.
A iniia? ca?oa?aeieo eiioeaioe?e aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe??
iaa/aiiy eaaeaoue o?einionuee? oai??? i?aaiaoecio (Ae. Aeueth?, *. I??n,
O. Aeaeaein, Ae. I?ae oa ?i.) oa aecenoaioe?ae?cio (E. ?iaeaea?n, A.
Ianeio, A. Eiian, *. Iaoa?nii oa ?i.). Oaoiieia?? ?iaeea?aeoae?ciaaiiai
oa aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ?aaoeththoueny ineoieia?/ieie
eiioeaioe?yie a?oaa?i?ecio (A. Oi?iaeaee, Ae. Oionii, A. Ne?iia? oa ?i)
oa aoiai?noe/ii? ineoieia?? (A. Ano?i, A. *eea??ia oa ?i.).
Ca aa??aoeaiino? i?aeoiae?a uiaei aecia/aiiy i?ia?aeieo
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a, ?o ?icaeoie a
oiiaao canoinoaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy coiiaeth?oueny, ia?o ca
ana, cae?aiinoyie, oni?oi?noth oa iioeaaoe??th iaa/aiiy, ui neeaaeathoue
iniiao oei?caoe??, aecia/athoue iiceoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaii? i?aai?caoe??
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano, aenooiathoue ye?nieie iieacieeaie, ca yeeie
aecia/a?oueny aoaeoeai?noue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy.
I?aeaaeeie oe?a?inueei? iaaeaaia?ee aeui? oeiee aacothoueny ia ?icoi?ii?
?icaeoeo iniaenoino? a iaa/aii? c iiceoe?e oai??? eoeueoo?ii-?noi?e/iiai
?icaeoeo E.N.Aeaionueeiai, c iiceoe?e eiioeaioe?? iniaeno?niiai ?icaeoeo
a ae?yeueiino? N.E.?oa?iooaeia ? A.I.Eaiioue?aa. Ia iniia? oeeo oai??e a
i?aeoeeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aeoeaii ai?iaaaeaeothoueny
aeaiaioe ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, aniaeoe aeoea?caoe?? iaa/aeueii?
ae?yeueiino?, eiioeaiooaeuei? iiceoe?? oai?/i? naii?aae?caoe??
nooaeaio?a oa ?ioa. ?o aiae?c aeicaieea iai iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy aaaaeaoe iniaeno?niee oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee
i?aeoiaee aei nooaeaio?a ? ae?yeuei?niee, nenoaiiee oa oaoiieia?/iee
i?aeoiaee aei ?o iaa/aiiy.
Oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ?icaeyaea?oueny a
aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii? ye i?aai?caoe?y iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano,
ui caaacia/o? oi?ioaaiiy aeaniiai noeeth ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a ia
iniia? a?aooaaiiy ?o ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a? ??ciiiai?oia a?oioaaiiy
nooaeaio?a c iaoith ae?iaeaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo iioeiaeueieo niinia?a
canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Oai??y oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe” – ?ice?eoi iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, ui coiiaeth?oueny caeiiii??iinoyie
oaoiieia?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe,
i?iaaaeaii aiae?c no/anieo oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy, ie?ai? iiceoe?? yeeo
a?aeia?aaeathoueny a aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiio iaa/aii?, nenoaiii
i?aaenoaaeaii aa??aoeai? niiniae eiio?ieth oa ioe?iee ciaiue ? oi?iue
nooaeaio?a, aeoeaioiaaii oaaao ia iniaeeainoyo iiaeoeueiiai iaa/aiiy ye
aoaeoeaiiai niiniao aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano o aeu?e
oeie?.
Iaa/aeueiee i?ioean o no/aniiio aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
iiaeeaeaiiyi aioo??oi?o iaoai?ci?a, ye? aeicaieythoue aoaeoaaoe eiai
aeinoaoiuei i?iaiiciaaii, ea?iaaii oa iaoiiaeaii. Iiaa eaea i?i
i?aai?caoe?th i?ioeano iaa/aiiy, yeiio aeanoea? oae? ?ene:
ae?aaiinoe/i?noue, iaoeiaa ia?aaeaa/oaai?noue, aei??thaai?noue
?acoeueoao?a, ia’?eoeai?noue ioe?iee, i?ioeanoaeueii-?acoeueoaoeaia
caaa?oai?noue oa ?ioa. Oe? ?ene a noeoiiino? aecia/athoue i?ioean
oaoiieia?caoe?? iaa/aiiy ye eiai iaoeiai? i?aai?caoe?? a?aeiia?aeii aei
ae?aaiinoe/ieo eaae?o?eaoe?eieo yeinoae niaoe?ae?noa. Oaoiieia?caoe?y
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe caaacia/o?oueny aeai?ii oaei?
oaoiieia?? iaa/aiiy, yea a?aeiia?aea? icia/aiei ?enai.
Oaoiieia?y iaa/aiiy – oea iaoeiai ia??oioiaaia i?aai?caoe?y
iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a o no?oeoo?? iaaii?
iaaeaaia?/ii? nenoaie. Aiia aecia/a? niin?a ?aae?caoe?? ci?noo ina?oe,
yeee ia?aaeaa/aiee iaa/aeueieie i?ia?aiaie, nenoaiith iaoiae?a, oi?i oa
cania?a iaa/aiiy c iiceoe?e aoaeoeaiiai caaacia/aiiy ae?aaiinoe/ieo
oe?eae. Ci?no iaa/aiiy i?e oeueiio aenooia? ia no?eueee o aeaeyae?
neeaaeo iaa/aeueii? ?ioi?iaoe??, eiiieaeno iaa/aeueieo caaea/, caaaeaiue
? ai?aa, ne?eueee – oe?e?nii? no?oeoo?e, yea aecia/a? oa?aeoa?
oi?ioaaiiy i?ioan?eieo ? iaa/aeueieo iaae/ie ? oi?iue, iaeiie/aiiy
aeina?aeo i?ioan?eii? ae?yeueiino?. Oaoiieia?y iaa/aiiy iio?aao?
aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo aeeaeaeoe/ieo i?aeoiae?a, ye? ia?aoai?ththoue
iaa/aiiy a i?aai?ciaaiee i?ioean ?c aa?aioiaaiei ?acoeueoaoii.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ye naiino?eia iaaeaaia?/ia oaoiieia?y ia?
na?e iaoeiaee aia?ao, aaco?oueny ia iaaieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iniiaao,
?ica’yco? iaea?eueo aoaeoeaii ie?ai? caaaeaiiy, caaacia/o? i?aeaioiaeo
niaoe?ae?noa ca iaaieie caeiiii??iinoyie. Iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae
oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aeeth/athoue iaoeiaa
iaa?oiooaaiiy ooiaeaiaioaeueieo iieiaeaiue, i?aeoiae?a oa i?eioeei?a,
ye? aecia/athoue aoaeoeai? oa ?aoe?iiaeuei? niiniae i?aai?caoe??
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano c iaoith i?aeaioiaee niaoe?ae?noa, iiaioaaiiy
ie?aii? aeenoeeie?ie /e ?o oeeeeo. O?einionueea iaoea ye
caaaeueiiiaoiaeieia?/ia iniiaa an?o iaoeiai-aeeaeaeoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue
ia?aaeaa/a? ?ic?iaeo oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia aac?
caaaeueiio?einionueeeo iiceoe?e: ae?yeuei?nii? noo? ethaeeie;
iaiao?aeiino? oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth; ?ioaa?aoe?? iaoee ?
ae?iaieoeoaa. O iaaeaaia?oe? oae? iiceoe?? a?aeia?aaeai? a iaoeiaeo
i?aeoiaeao aei ?icaeyaeo iaaeaaia?/ieo yaeu ? i?ioean?a, a?aeiia?aeii –
ae?yeuei?niee i?aeo?ae; nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae, oaoiieia?/iee i?aeo?ae.
Aa?iii?eia ii?aeiaiiy ?o o iaoiio aeine?aeaeaii? aeicaieeei noai?eoe ?
?aae?coaaoe oaoiieia?th aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
ii/aoeiaeo eean?a. Ioaea, iaoiaeieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
aeeth/a? o?e nooiai?:
1. O?einionuee? iiceoe??: ae?yeuei?nia nooue ethaeeie; oi?aae?iiy
ae?yeuei?noth; ?ioaa?aoe?y iaoee ? ae?iaieoeoaa.
2. Iaoeia? i?aeoiaee: ae?yeuei?niee; nenoaiiee, oaoiieia?/iee.
3. Iaaeaaia?/i? i?eioeeie: aeoeaiino? e na?aeiiino? a iaa/aii? oa
a?aooaaiiy a?eiaeo ? ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a;
oe?e?niino?, no?oeoo?iino?, ???a?o?/iino?, ?ioaa?aoeaiino? oa
ciai?oiuei? coiiaeaiino? i?ioeano iaa/aiiy; ae?aaiinoe/ii?
oe?eani?yiiaaiino?, iaoeiaino?, iioeiaeueiino?, no/aniino?, caaa?oaiino?
iaa/aiiy, na?aeiiiai aeai?o, ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, aei??thaaiino?
?acoeueoao?a iaa/aiiy oa ia’?eoeaiino? ioe?iee.
Aeo?aeieie ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieie iiceoe?yie oaoiieia??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ?:
· ?icaeyae iniaenoino? nooaeaioa ye oeaio?aeueii? o?ao?e iaa/aeueiiai
i?ioeano;
· a?aooaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a a
i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano;
· iioeiaeueia ii?aeiaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?o canai?iiy ciaiue c
eieaeoeaiith i?aai?caoe??th iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a;
· aa??aoeai?noue oe?eae oa ci?noo iaa/aiiy, niinia?a ae?yeueiino?,
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i oa cania?a iaa/aiiy;
· naiaiaea ? naiino?ei?noue nooaeaio?a o aeai?? aeanii? o?a?eoi???
iaa/aiiy;
· nenoaiaoe/iee cai?ioi?e ca’ycie, iiaoaeiaaiee ia canaaeao
ia’?eoea?caoe?? ioe?iee ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a;
· caaa?oai?noue iaa/aiiy, ui coiiaeth?oueny no?oeoo?oaaiiyi ci?noo
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo oa iiaiei canai?iiyi eiaeii? eiai no?oeoo?ii?
iaeeieoe?;
· i?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaee/ia caaacia/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia iniia?
a?aooaaiiy iaoai?ci?a oi?aae?iiy;
· noeioethaaiiy iiceoeaii? iioeaaoe?? iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii?
ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a oa aeeeaaea/?a.
Oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aaco?oueny ia aeanoeaeo eiio
eiioeaiooaeueieo canaaeao, ui aecia/athoue eiai iiiyo?eiee aia?ao,
oe?e?, ia?aaeaa/athoue niin?a i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano, ?
i???ioo?oueny ia ?nioth/? a iaaeaaia?oe? aeui? oeiee oae? oaoiieia??,
ye? iaeneiaeueii a?aeia?aaeathoue ?iaeea?aeoaeuei? iniaeeaino?
nooaeaio?a: ?ioi?iaoe?ei?, ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, oe?eueiai? ?ioaineaii?
i?aeaioiaee niaoe?ae?no?a, ?icaeaaeueiiai, eiioaenoiiai, iiceoe?eiiai,
iiaeoeueii-?aeoeiaiaiai iaa/aiiy oa ?ioeo. Oaoiieia?y
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ii?yae c aa??aoeai?noth oe?eae, ci?noo ?
??aiy iaa/aeueieo caaaeaiue, oi?i i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aiiy, oaiio ?iaioe,
cania?a iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a? iayai?noue aeanoeaiai ?e iaoiaee/iiai oa
i?aai?caoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy, ui a?aeiia?aea? aeiiaai nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? – “No/aniee noai aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe” – ?ice?eaa?oueny nooue
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ye iniiaiiai oaeoi?a
i?ioan?eii-iaaeaaia?/iiai noaiiaeaiiy o/eoaey, iienothoueny aa??aoeai?
i?aeoiaee aei ?? caaacia/aiiy oeyoii aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie ie?aieo
iaa/aeueieo aeenoeeie?i oa ?o ?ioaa?aoe??, i?iaiaeeoueny aiae?c
noaaeaiiy nooaeaio?a oa aeeeaaea/?a aei i?ioeano caaacia/aiiy
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee a no/aniiio aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe,
aecia/a?oueny ?ioaineaiee oeyo i?aai?caoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
a i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo
eean?a.
Aeoiaey/e c oiai, ui no?eaeiai iaaeaaia?/ii? ae?yeueiino? o/eoaey a
oeie? ? aeeeaaeaiiy, eiai aeeaeaeoe/ia i?aeaioiaea o aeuiio caeeaae?
ina?oe aenooia? nenoaiioa??iith iniiaith i?ioan?eii-iaaeaaia?/iiai
noaiiaeaiiy. Oa?aeoa? oa ??aaiue aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee aieeaa? ia
caaaeueio i?ioan?eio na?aeii?noue nooaeaioa, caaacia/o? ii?yaeie
i?aai?caoe?? eiai iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?, aecia/a?
niiniae aoiaeaeaiiy iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey a ?io? noa?e i?ioan?eieo ciaiue
? oeyoe ?ica’ycaiiy ina?oi?o noia?a/iinoae. A aenia?eiaioaeueiiio
aeine?aeaeaii? oaeee i?aeo?ae aea? iiaeeea?noue oa?aeoa?ecoaaoe
aeeaeaeoe/io i?aeaioiaeo nooaeaio?a ye i?aenenoaio nenoaie i?ioan?eii?
i?aeaioiaee, aecia/aoe ci?no ? iniaeeaino? ?? eiiiiiaio?a, ?ice?eaaoe
niaoeeo?eo ?o i?ioeanoaeueii? aca?iiae?? ia iaaeaaia?/iiio oaeoeueoao?
oa aecia/aoe oiiae aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy.
Aeeaeaeoe/ia i?aeaioiaea – oea i?ioean iaa/aeueii-ina?oiuei?
ae?yeueiino? iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey, ?acoeueoaoii yei? ? caeaoi?noue
?ica’ycoaaoe aeeaeaeoe/i? caaaeaiiy ia iniia? nenoaie ciaiue, oi?iue ?
niinia?a ae?yeueiino?. I?e oeiio, niaoeeo?ea o/eoaeuenueei? ae?yeueiino?
aeiaaa? oi?ioaaiiy o nooaeaio?a nenoaie ciaiue oa niinia?a naiino?eiiai
iiooeo, aeeaeaeoe/iiai oai?/iai ieneaiiy. Ona?aeiieaiiy oa ineoieia?/ia
ni?eeiyooy aeaniiai ??aiy i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee neeaaea? aeeaeaeoe/io
aioiai?noue iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey. O iaoiio aeine?aeaeaii? ?aae?caoe?y
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a cae?enith?oueny oeyoii aeeeaaeaiiy
ie?aieo ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i oa ?o ?icae?e?a,
i?aai?caoe?? iaaeaaia?/ii? i?aeoeee, i?iaaaeaiiy iaoeiai-aeine?aeii?
ae?yeueiino? o oi?i? eo?niaeo oa aeeieiiii? ?ia?o, aeoea?caoe??
naiino?eii? ?iaioe nooaeaio?a.
Aiae?c aeina?aeo iaaeaaia?/ii? ina?oe ?yaeo aoc?a Oe?a?ie aeicaiey?
noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui i?ciaaaeueia aeoeai?noue iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
aaeueio?oueny, i?eiaeii?, e?eueeiia /eiieeaie:
1) a?aenooi?noue naiaiaee aeai?o aeanii? o?a?eoi??? iaa/aiiy;
2) aeniea i??a noa’?eoeaiino? ioe?iee aeeeaaea/ai iaa/aeueieo oni?o?a
nooaeaio?a;
3) iaaeinoaoi?noue ioe?iee nooaeaioaie cia/eiino? aeeaeaeoe/iiai
iaoa??aeo o iaeaooi?e i?ioan?ei?e ae?yeueiino?;
4) iecueeee ??aaiue i?aeoe/ii? ni?yiiaaiino? aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa
oi?iue;
5) iaaeinoaoi? aaaeaiiy iaaeaaiaaie ai?iaaaeaeoaaoe no/ani? oaoiieia??
iaa/aiiy c iaeyaeo ia i?ioan?ei?, o?ce/i?, iaoa??aeuei?, aeiiii?/i? oa
?io? oaeoi?e.
O i?aeoeoe? ?iaioe no/aniiai aeuiai caeeaaeo ina?oe aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y
iaa/aiiy aaco?oueny ia iniia? oni?oiino?, a ia a?aooaaiiy iniaeno?nieo
yeinoae nooaeaio?a. Iei?oiueiio noaio aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
aeanoeai:
· aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe cae?enith?oueny
o?aaiaioa?ii ? neooaoe?eii;
· o a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y caiaeeoueny aei aeiaeaoeiaeo
caiyoue /e iaeiioeiieo caaaeaiue aeey oeo, ooi ia? iaa/aeueio
caai?aiaai?noue;
· iniiaith aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy aenooiathoue ?acoeueoaoe oni?oiino?
nooaeaio?a;
· aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy caiaeeoueny eeoa aei aa??thaaiiy caaaeaiue
ca ia’?iii oa neeaaei?noth;
· o iaa/aii? iaaeinoaoiuei oaaae a?aeaiaeeoueny a?aooaaiith
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a;
· aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ia caaacia/o? oi?ioaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai
noeeth iaa/aiiy oeyoii aeai?o aeanii? o?a?eoi??? iaa/aiiy;
· i?aai?caoe?y iaa/aiiy aecia/a?oueny ia?aaaaeii ?ioo?oe??th aeeeaaea/a,
a ia iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaiith eiioeaioe??th aeeoa?aioe?aoe??;
· neeaaeiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iieyaathoue o
ci?noiaiio ia?aaaioaaeaii? i?ia?ai, iaaei??i?e iaiiaiaiino? a?oi,
a?aenooiino? /?oeeo eiioeaiooaeueii-oaoiieia?/ieo aeeeaaeie
aeeoa?aioe?aoe??, iaoiaee/i?e iai?aeaioiaeaiino? aeeeaaea/?a,
iaiaaeaiino? iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ii? aace oa ?ioa.
Cia/i? oneeaaeiaiiy i?e canoinoaaii? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
aeieeathoue o iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeuei?e ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a. Aeey ieo
? oa?aeoa?iei iecueeee ??aaiue nenoaiiino? oa oe?e?niino? aeeaeaeoe/ieo
ciaiue, a?aenooi?noue aecia/aieo niinia?a naiino?eii? ae?yeueiino? oa
?aoe?iiaeueii? i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?, iaaeinoaoi?noue i?ciaaaeueii?
aeoeaiino? oa naiina?aeiiino?, ianoi?iiaai?noue ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai
noeeth o/?iiy; iaaeinoaoi?e ?icaeoie i?ciaaaeueieo ?ioa?an?a oa
nioe?aeueii cia/eieo iioea?a.
?nio? aeaa oeyoe i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano:
aenoaineaiee oa ?ioaineaiee. O iaoiio aeine?aeaeaii? aenoaineaiee oeyo
?icaeoeo iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano, oiaoi aeeth/aiiy aeiaeaoeiaeo
iaa/aeueieo eo?n?a ? ?icoe?aiiy iaa/aeueieo aiaeei, aeaoaeueii ia
?icaeyaea?oueny (aeacothoueny eeoa iiaeeea? oeyoe), ine?eueee iniiaia
oaaaa aeoeaioo?oueny ia ?ioaineo?eaoe?? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
nooaeaio?a. ?ioaineo?eaoe?y neeaaea? a iniiaiiio ye?niee a?e
aoaeoeaiino? iaa/aiiy. Nooue ?ioaineo?eaoe?? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ie aaa/a?ii ia o cai?i? o?aaeeoe?eiiai iaa/aiiy, a a
eiai aeiei??ii?e ?ai?aai?caoe?? ia iniia? aeei?enoaiiy no/anieo
ia?aaeiaeo aoc?anueeeo iaaeaaia?/ieo oaoiieia?e, oe?oiiaiiy
aeeaeaeoe/ieo iaeeieoeue, iaeneiaeueiiai caaacia/aiiy iaaeaaia?/iiai
iioaioe?aeo aeeeaaea/?a oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a.
Ia iniia? eiinoaooth/iai c??co aoei aecia/aii caaaeuei? i???ioe?e
i?aai?caoe?? aenia?eiaioaeueii? ?iaioe. I?aeoe/ia ?aae?caoe?y
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ioiaeeea ?yae aoai?a:
1. Ia ia?oiio aoai? i?iaiaeeeanue ei?aeoe?y iaa/aeueieo ieai?a c?
niaoe?aeueiino? “O/eoaeue ii/aoeiaeo eean?a” oa “O/eoaeue ii/aoeiaeo
eean?a + noi?aeia niaoe?aeuei?noue”.
2. Ae?oaee aoai oa?aeoa?ecoaaany eia?/iei no?oeoo?oaaiiyi ci?noo
aeeaeaeoeee.
3. Ia o?aoueiio – a?aoiaoth/e nenoaiioa??io ?ieue aeeaeaeoeee,
?ic?iaeyeeny iaa/aeuei? i?ia?aie c aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee.
4. *aoaa?oee aoai ia?aaeaa/aa i?aai?caoe?th i?ioeano aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue.
5. Ia i’yoiio aoai? cae?enithaaeeny aiae?c aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy
nooaeaio?a oa ei?aeoe?y ?o ianooiii? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?.
Aoaeoeai?noue aeeaeaeoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey
aecia/a?oueny eiai i?ciaaaeueiith iio?aaith, ?ioaeaeooaeueiith
aeoeai?noth, ?iaeea?aeoaeueiei noeeai ?icoiiai? ae?yeueiino?,
aeeaeaeoe/iei ieneaiiyi. Oi?ioaaoe o nooaeaio?a a?aeiia?aei? yeino?
iio??aii ye i?ae /an ?o ea?iaaii? aeeeaaea/ai iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?,
oae ? a i?ioean? naiino?eii? ?iaioe. Aeey oeueiai nooaeaioai:
· ?ice?eaaeenue ?aoe?iiaeuei? i?eeiie i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? ca
??aiyie canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo;
· iaaeaaaeanue iiaeeea?noue iino?eii eiio?iethaaoe ?acoeueoaoeai?noue
aeanii? i?aoe? a aeeiai?oe?;
· aeicaieyeinue naiino?eii (?ieiee ca ii?aaeith aeeeaaea/a) aecia/aoe
no?aoaa?th ? oaeoeeo aeanii? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?;
· i?iiiioaaeeny oi?ie ? iaoiaee ?iaioe, ye? noeioethaaee ?oi?e
i?ciaaaeueiee ?ioa?an ? i?aaiaiiy aei caeiaoooy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa
oi?iue.
Aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy, aacoth/enue ia aca?iiaieeaao
ina?oiueiai ? i?ioan?eiiai ?icaeoeo, ia?aaeaa/aei:
· caaaeueiee ?icaeoie iniaenoino? nooaeaio?a, ni?e/eiaiee ni?yiiaai?noth
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia oai?/a canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo eaoaai??e oa
iiiyoue;
· i?ioan?eia noaiiaeaiiy iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey ia iniia? ?icaeoeo eiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai ieneaiiy.
O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? – “No?oeoo?ia iiaeaeue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee” – i?iiiio?oueny
oai?aoe/ia iiaeaeue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ca aeae?eaieie
ia?aiao?aeueieie iciaeaie, ?ice?eaa?oueny aeeaeaeoe/ia i?aeaioiaea a
nenoai? ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i, aea?oueny oa?aeoa?enoeea
??cii??aiaaiai canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue,
iienothoueny aa??aoeai? i?aeoiaee aei eeaneo?eaoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo
caaaeaiue oa i?aeoe/i? iaoai?ci?a ?o canoinoaaiiy a i?ioean?
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a.
Aoaeoeai?noue aoaeue-yei? oaoiieia?? iaa/aiiy aecia/a?oueny ca iaaieie
iiceoe?yie (ia?aiao?aie). Ieie iiaeooue aenooiaoe: ?acoeueoaoe
aeinyaiaiiy iaoe iaa/aiiy – n1-n2; ??ai? canai?iiy – 1-4;
?aoe?iiaeuei?noue aca?iiae?? aeeeaaea/a ? nooaeaio?a – 1-4; iayai?noue
cai?ioiiai ca’yceo – 1-3; nooi?iue naiino?eiino? nooaeaio?a – 1-4;
i?ioan?eia ni?yiiaai?noue iaeaooiueiai niaoe?ae?noa – 1-4.
Uiaei oeeo ia?aiao??a ?ic?iaeaia ? ai?iaaaeaeaia iiaeaeue
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee.
Ii-ia?oa, iniiaia ni?yiiaai?noue aeeaeaeoe/iiai i?ioeano o aoc?
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oi?ioaaiiyi oai?/eo i?ioan?eieo yeinoae iniaenoino?.
Iioeaaoe?eii-noeioethth/? aeaiaioe iiaeae? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee caaacia/othoue ni?yiiaai?noue
iniaenoino? ia ?ica’ycie oai?/eo aeeaeaeoe/ieo caaaeaiue ?
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ia ??ai? n2 .
Ii-ae?oaa, ni?yiiaai?noue iiaeae? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/iiai oeeeeo ia oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ia?aaeaa/a? i???ioaoe?th ia iaeaeuee ??aaiue
canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue. Ine?eueee ?acoeueoaoe
oi?ioth/iai aenia?eiaioo cana?ae/othoue, ui iniiaia a?oia nooaeaio?a
i???iooaaeeny a iaa/aii? ia aa?enoe/iee ??aaiue canai?iiy,
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iiaeaeue aea/aiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo aeenoeeie?i
aecia/a?oueny 3.
Ii-o?ao?, ae?yeuei?noue aeeeaaea/a ? nooaeaio?a a i?ioean? aea/aiiy
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/iiai oeeeeo iiaeiia aooe ?aoe?iiaeueiith: ia
iiaeiii aooe “i? ii?iaei?o i?iaii?a”, i? iaaei??ii? ia?aaaioaaeaiino? 4.
Ii-/aoaa?oa, iaa/aiiy iiaeiii eiio?iethaaoeny ia aoaeue-yeiio eiai aoai?
? caaacia/oaaoenue ia’?eoeaiith ?ioi?iaoe??th – 3. Iayai?noue
iia?aoeaiiai ia’?eoeaiiai ca’yceo ca oiia aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy
aeeaeaeoe/ieo aeenoeeie?i caaacia/o?oueny iiaeoeueiei ?o aea/aiiyi, ui
ia?aaeaa/a? caaa?oaia aea/aiiy eiaeiiai ?c ieo, oa ia’?eoeai?noth
oanoiaeo caaaeaiue, ye? aeeth/athoue aa??aioe ?ica’yceo.
Ii-i’yoa, aoaeoeai?noue i?ioan?eii-iaaeaaia?/ii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey aecia/a?oueny ia eeoa ye?noth canai?iiy iei nenoaie
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, a e iayai?noth o iueiai niinia?a
naiino?eii? ?iaioe, ye? iaiao?aei? o/eoaeth a oiiaao oe?eueii?
ae?yeueiino?. Iioeiaeueiith iiaeaeeth a oaeiio aeiaaeeo ? canoinoaaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, yea ia?aaeaa/a? aenieee a?aenioie
naiino?eii? ?iaioe nooaeaio?a ia iniia? a?aooaaiiy ?o
?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae 3.
Ii-oinoa, ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo iaaeaaia?/ii? iaoee aeioe?eueiei ?
canoinoaaiiy oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy, aea ii?aeiothoueny i??i?eoaoe
oi?ioaaiiy ? i?ioan?eieo ciaiue oa oi?iue iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a, ? ?o
i?ioan?eieo yeinoae ca iayaiino? a?aeiia?aeieo ae?aaiinoe/ieo iaoiaeee
-3.
A oe?eiio, i?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaaoaa?
oaeiai ooieoe?iiaeueiiai aeaeyaeo: U=f(n234333) ? caeia? i?ii?aeia
noaiiaeua i?ae o?aaeeoe?eiei oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oai?/ei iaa/aiiyi
(?en.1).
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000000000002200040000002d0106000500000014026d013e0205000000130272013e020
40000002d01050004000000f001060004000000020101000400000002010100040000000
2010100030000001e000700000016049b01ab017e013401040000000201010017000000f
b02ecff000000000000bc02000000cc0400001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e204
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fe0f0e0ece5f2000d000800090008000c00080008000d000000320a7f018601010004000
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a000400000002010100040000002701ffff040000000201010009000000fa02000001000
000000000002200040000002d010700050000001402300147020500000013026d013e020
40000002d01050004000000f00107000400000002010100040000000201010009000000f
a02000001000000000000002200040000002d0107000500000014026d013e02050000001
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40000000201010009000000fa02000001000000000000002200040000002d01070005000
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d0107000500000014023001470205000000130230014c02040000002d01050004000000f
0010700040000000201010004000000020101000e00000026060f001200ffffffff00000
8000000560600002d0400000400000002010100030000001e000700000016043001ae02f
4004a020400000002010100040000002d0106001a000000320af5004a020a00040000000
00024039901d2f0e0e4e8f6b3e9ede50a000900080009000a000a0006000a000a0008001
7000000fb02f0ff0000000000009001000000cc0400001254696d6573204e657720526f6
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4e8f4e5f0e5edf6b3e9eee2e0ede5000c000a000c000800090008000a000a0006000a000
900090008000a00080012000000fb02ecff000000000000bc02000000cc0400002241726
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2ede4e8e2b3e4f3e0ebfcedee2df2e2eef0f7e506000a0009000a0009000600090008000
8000a0009000a000900060008000900090009000a0008000400000002010100040000002
701ffff04000000020101000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff010000000000040000000
2010100040000000201010007000000fc0200007f7f60020000040000002d01090009000
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fff000008000000db0300004204000007000000fc020000ffffc0020000040000002d010
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c0191001d018e0067018e0059019100040000002d01050004000000f0010a00040000002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c00000024030400ee00bc000201b6005201920042019500040000002d01050004000000f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0002d01050004000000f00109000400000002010100040000000201010009000000fa020
00001000000000000002200040000002d01090005000000140265016a000500000013026
5016500040000002d01050004000000f0010900040000000201010004000000020101000
9000000fa02000001000000000000002200040000002d010900050000001402140069000
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000bc02000000020400001253796d626f6c0002040000002d010a000d000000320a69013
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2010100040000002701ffff04000000020101000400000002010100030000001e0007000
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b0101000400000000002403990162000c000400000002010100040000000201010004000
0002d0101000d000000320a85011b01010004000000000024039901f1000c00040000000
2010100040000002701ffff04000000020101000400000002010100030000001e0007000
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00000cc0400001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200cc00040000002d010
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000000000009001000000cc0400001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200c
c00040000002d010c000400000002010100040000002701ffff040000000201010004000
00002010100030000001e000700000016048a01d1006201bd00040000000201010004000
0002d010b000d000000320a6301bd0001000400000000002403990161000a00040000002
d0101000400000002010100040000002701ffff040000002d01000003000000000000000
0000000000000000000
?en.1 A?ao?ee iiaeaeae iaa/aiiy ca ia?aiao?aeueieie iciaeaie
Noai?aiiy oe?e?nii? iiaeae? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee ni?ey?
caiia?aaiith iaaei?aaaeaieo iiaoi??a i?e aea/aii?
ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ieo aeenoeeie?i, ine?eueee oi?ioaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo
ciaiue oa oi?iue a aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aeine?aeaeaii? i?iaiaeeeinue
iioaciai (oai?aoe/ia; eaai?aoi?ia ? i?aeoe/ia) oa iiaoaiii
(i?aeaioia/ee, aaciaee, ?iaa??aioiee, i?eeeaaeiee).
1. I?aeaioia/ee (“Anooi aei niaoe?aeueiino?”, “Iaaeaaia?/ia ineoieia?y”,
“?noi??y iaaeaaia?ee”). I?aeaioia/ee aoai neoaeeoue eeoa ooiaeaiaioii,
iniiaith, yea iciaeiieth? iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey c iniiaieie iiceoe?yie
eiai iaa/aeueii-i?ioan?eii? ae?yeueiino?;
2. Aaciaee (“Aeeaeaeoeea”). Aaciaee aoai ? nenoaiioa??iei a
aeeaeaeoe/i?e i?aeaioiaoe? ? caaacia/o? aeinoaoi?e ??aaiue
no?oeoo?iaaieo ciaiue oa oi?iue aeey niaoe?aeueiiai ? i?eeeaaeiiai ?o
canoinoaaiiy. Naia oeueiio aoaio i?eae?ey?oueny a aeine?aeaeaii?
iaea?eueoa oaaaa;
3. ?iaa??aioiee (aeeaeaeoeea ie?aieo aeenoeeie?i – iaoiaeeee,
niaoeeo?ne, niaoenai?ia?e). ?iaa??aioiee aoai aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
ca ci?noiaei eiiiiiaioii coiiaeth?oueny nenoaiieie i?eioeeiaie
oe?e?niino? oa ?ioaa?aoeaiino? ? aeeaeaeoe/iei i?eioeeiii a?aooaaiiy
i?aei?aaeiaoieo ca’yce?a. Aeeiioth/e nenoaiioa??io i?n?th aeeaeaeoe/ia
oai??y iaaeaoaeiao? no?oeoo?o ci?noo iaoiaeee aeeeaaeaiiy ie?aieo
aeenoeeie?i. Oea icia/a?, ui caaaeueia aeeaeaeoe/ia no?oeoo?a oeeo
aeenoeeie?i a?aeoai?th? iniiai? iiceoe?? no?oeoo?e aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai???.
Niaoeeo?ne ? niaoenai?ia?e aeaoaeueii ?ice?eaathoue ie?ai? aniaeoe
no?oeoo?e aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai??? ye a?aeiinii naiino?eii? /anoeie oe?eiai.
4. I?eeeaaeiee (iaaeaaia?/i? i?aeoeee, eo?niaa oa aeeieiiia ?iaioa).
I?eeeaaeiee aoai aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee ?aae?ciao?oueny i?ae /an
i?ioiaeaeaiiy nooaeaioaie iaaeaaia?/ii? i?aeoeee. Ooo cae?enith?oueny
ai?iaaoe?y aeeaeaeoe/ieo eaoaai??e ? iiiyoue o ?o
iia?aoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueiiio caaacia/aii? a?aeiia?aeii oai?aoe/ieo ?
aii??e/ieo aeeeaaeie i?e aea/aii? nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoeee.
Oe?e?ni?noue iiaeae? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
ocaiaeaeai?noth aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i ca oaeeie iiceoe?yie:
1. ?ic?iaea caaeainiaaiiai ieaio aea/aiiy aeenoeeie?i o /an? e
iine?aeiaiino?.
2. ?aei?noue ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? eaoaai??eii-iiiyo?eiiai aia?aoo.
3. Ianooii?noue o oi?ioaaii? aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue.
4. No?oeoo?ia caaacia/aiiy iioeiaeueiiai ii?aeiaiiy oai?aoe/iiai,
aii??e/iiai oa i?eeeaaeiiai canoinoaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue
nooaeaio?a.
5. Ci?noiaa caaeainiaai?noue aeenoeeie?i ia iniia? ???a?o?/ii?
iine?aeiaiino? canai?iiy.
6. *?oea no?oeoo?iaai?noue iaa/aeueieo aeenoeeie?i c o?aooaaiiyi
nenoaiioa??ii? ?ie? aeeaeaeoeee.
7. Iiaoaiiee oa oaciaee oa?aeoa? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee.
Canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue caaacia/o?oueny a?aeiia?aeiei
oa?aeoa?ii iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a. ??aaiue
canai?iiy neeaaea? ?acoeueoaoeaio noi?iio ??aiy ?oiuei? i?ciaaaeueii?
ae?yeueiino?. Iniiaiei i?iaeoeoii canai?iiy nooaeaioaie iaoa??aeo a
i?ioean? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iathoue noaoe ??cii??aiaa? ciaiiy
oa oi?iiy. Eiaeiee aecia/aiee iaie ??aaiue canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ye?noth canai?iiy.
Oaaeeoey 2
??ai? canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo
??ai?I???ioiaia iniiaa ae??Oa?aeoa?sseino? canai?iiyaeo?aei?
aeai?niiniae ae?yeueiino??acoeueoaoae?yeueiino?oi?ioaaiiy?
eii?thaaeueieecaaeaiicaaeaiicaaeaiia?aeoai?aiiyiaoai?/ia
caiai’yoiaoaaiiy, aaciina?aaei? a?aeoai?aiiy??
aeai?eoi?/ieecaaeaii
ciaeoe
caaeaii caaeaii caaeaii
ciaeoeciaeoe caaeaii caaeaiiiiaeaethaaiiyeia?/ia ieneaiiy, ca’ycia
iiaeaiiy, ?ai?iaeoeoeai? niiniae ae?yeueiino???? aa?enoe/ieecaaeaii
ciaeoeciaeoe ciaeoeciaeoe caaeaii eiino?othaaiiyoai?/a ieneaiiy, oyaa,
iia? niiniae ae?yeueiino??V
iiooeiaeei???ioe?eciaeoeciaeoeaeine?aeaeaiiyoai?/a oyaa, niiniae
naiino?eii? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?Ni?iaa aeeoa?aioe?thaaoe iaa/aeueiee
iaoa?iae ca ?icieie ?iaiyie aea? iiaeeeainoue ia?aianoe oeaio? aaae o
iaa/aiii ia iiaeeeainoi i i?aaiaiiy naieo nooaeaioia, c?iaeoe ?o aieueo
naiinoieieie o aeai?i ia’?io ciinoo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa?iaeo oa ?iaiy
oai?/inoi.
Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a? nenoaio ?iaioe c ?ica’ycaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue. Aoaeoeai?e ?aae?caoe?? aeeaeaeoe/ieo
oe?eae ni?ey? a?aeiia?aeia eeaneo?eaoe?y caaaeaiue. Nenoaiaoecaoe?y
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue cae?enith?oueny iniiaiei /eiii ca ??aiai
neeaaeiino? ci?noo, ca aa??aoeai?noth i?ioeanoaeueii? noi?iie, ca
oa?aeoa?ii i?ciaaaeueii? naiino?eiino? nooaeaio?a. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y
caaaeaiue ca ci?noiaei eiiiiiaioii ia?aaeaa/a? aeeiiaiiy nooaeaioaie
?iaioe iaeiaeiai? ca oa?aeoa?ii ae?yeueiino? oa ??cii? ca iayai?noth
aeaiaio?a ciaiue, oyaeaiue, iiiyoue i?i ia’?eoe ? yaeua, ca’ycee oa
caeaaeiino? i?ae ieie. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y caaaeaiue ca iia?aoe?eiei
ai?noii ia?aaeaa/a? ??cio e?euee?noue iia?aoe?e noiniaii iaeiaeiaiai
ianyao ci?noiai? ?ioi?iaoe??. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y caaaeaiue ca
i?ciaaaeueiith naiino?ei?noth oa?aeoa?ecothoueny iaeiioeii?noth c
iia?aoe?eii-ci?noiaiai iiaeyaeo oa ??ciiieaiia?noth ca i??ith aeiiiiiae
aeeeaaea/a o?e /e ?io?e a?oi? nooaeaio?a.
Oaaeeoey 3
Eeaneo?eaoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue
Ca ianyaii ?ioi?iaoe?? (o)IiaeeaeaiaAeinoaoi?I?i?iaeueii iaiao?aeiaCa
??aiai aeiiiiiae aeeeaaea/a (o)Naiino?eiee ?ica’ycieAi?ciaee/ia
i?aeeacoaaiiyIino?eia ?iaioa c aeeeaaea/aiCa ??aiai aeei?enoaiiy
aeai?eoio (z)Aeaco?oueny eeoa oiiaa caaaeaiiyAeaco?oueny oiiaa ?
aeai?eoi ?ica’yceoAeaco?oueny oiiaa, aeai?eoi ?ica’yceo ? aeeaeaeoe/iee
iaoa??aeCa oaiiaie aea/aiiy (f)Aeia?aaeaeath/aAaeaeaaoiaA?aenoath/aCa
ianyaii ?ica’ycaiiy (s)Iiaiee ?ica’ycie*anoeiaee ?ica’ycieCa ??aiyie
canai?iiy (j)Eii?thaaeueiaAeai?eoi?/iaAa?enoe/iaIiooeiaaIaei??th c
iaiao?aeieo oiia aoaeoeaiiai canoinoaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue ?
caaacia/aiiy ?o aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee a iaaeao aea?aeaaieo
noaiaea?o?a i?e aa??aoeaiino? niinia?a canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa
oi?iue. ?ica’ycie aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue icia/a? ia no?eueee
cieaeaiiy caaaeueieo aeiia aeey “neaaeeo” ? i?aeaeuaiiy aeey “neeueieo”
nooaeaio?a, ne?eueee a?eueiee aea?? ieie aa??aioo oa ??aiy canai?iiy,
aeiiiiiao “neaaeei” ? noai?aiiy oiia aeey aeeaieiai ? i?oeiiai canai?iiy
“neeuei?oeie”.
?iaioa c? nooaeaioaie ca ??cii??aiaaeie caaaeaiiyie aeiaaa? iniaeeaiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oaeoo aeeeaaea/a. O nooaeaio?a ia iiaeiai iiyaeyoeny
eiiieaen iaiiaiioe?iiino? i?e ?iaio? ia ieae/eo ??aiyo canai?iiy. Aiie
iathoue iino?eii a?ae/oaaoe aeia?ice/eeaa noaaeaiiy ? i?eeoaaiiy
aeeeaaea/a i?i ieo. Aiaeii/an nooaeaioe iiaeii? aooe aiaaiaieie, ui a?i
an?eyei ni?ey? ?oiueiio i?aaiaiith i?aoethaaoe iaae caaaeaiiyie aeuiai
??aiy.
O i’yoiio ?icae?e? – “Aeeaeaeoeea ye nenoaiiooai?thth/ee oaeoi? nenoaie
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey” – ?ice?eaathoueny
iaoai?cie aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ci?noiaiai, i?ioeanoaeueiiai oa
eiio?ieueii-?aaoethth/iai eiiiiiaio?a iaa/aiiy, i?iaiaeeoueny
e?euee?niee oa ye?niee aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy,
aecia/athoueny caaaeuei? iiceoe?? uiaei ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieia??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o i?aeoeeo ?iaioe aeuiai caeeaaeo ina?oe.
Iaei??th c iniiaieo ia?aaeoiia oni?oii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aeueiiai
i?ioeano ? no?oeoo?oaaiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeenoeeie?ie ia iniia?
aeae?eaiiy ci?noiaeo iaeeieoeue, canai?iiy yeeo ni?eyoeeaa aeey
a?aooaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a. Ia
no/aniiio aoai? iaaeaaia?/ii? iaoee oaea iiceoe?y aecia/a?oueny
iiaoaeiaith eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo
aeenoeeie?ie. Aeoiaey/e c oeeo i??eoaaiue, ia?oi/a?aiaei caaaeaiiyi
oni?oii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy i?e aea/aii? nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoeee
? iiaoaeiaa eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e ?? ci?noo.
?c nenoaiii-i?aenenoaiieo iiceoe?e eia?/ia no?oeoo?a ci?noo aeeaeaeoeee,
i?aaenoaaeaia o?ueiia ??aiyie a?aaeaoe??, oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
aioo??oiueiiiaeoeueieie i?aeeiiiiiaioieie, i?aeiiaeoeueieie
aioo??oiueieiiiiiaioieie oa i?aeiiaeoeueieie ???a?o?/ieie ca’yceaie.
Aiia aeicaiey?:
· aoaeoeaii ? iioeiaeueii canoiniaoaaoe ae?yeuei?nii-nenoaii? canaaee
uiaei iiaoaeiae ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo oa niinia?a eiai
canai?iiy;
· no?oeoo?iaoaaoe ci?no aeeaeaeoeee ye iaa/aeueii? aeenoeeie?ie ia ??ai?
iaaieo ??ai?a a?aaeaoe??;
· aeae?aoe iaaiee oeyo canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, ui
coiiaeth?oueny iniiaieie caaaeaiiyie aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a, iaaeaaia?/iith iaenoa?i?noth aeeeaaea/a, ??aiai i?aeaioiaee
nooaeaio?a (iai?eeeaae, aea/aiiy aeeaeaeoeee i?ney iaaeaaia?/iiai
o/eeeua /e oeiee), iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/iith aacith eiie?aoiiai aeuiai
caeeaaeo ina?oe, oiui;
· /?oei ona?aeiiethaaoe aea?aiee oeyo canai?iiy ca eia?eith oa
iine?aeiai?noth aea/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo;
· caiia?aaoe iaaei?aaaeaiei iiaoi?ai oa ?ic??aaiino? aea/aiiy ie?aieo
i?iaeai aeeaeaeoeee.
Caeaaeii a?ae i??i?eoaoiino? ci?noiaiai ni?yioaaiiy canai?iiy
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue aeae?ey?oueny aei/ii-iiaeoeueiee,
iiaeoeueii-aei/iee oa ci?oaiee aa??aio iaa/aiiy. Ona?aeiiethth/e
ia?aaaae ? iaaeie?ee eiaeiiai niiniao canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa
oi?iue, a iniiao aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aa??aioo aea/aiiy aeeaeaeoeee
iieeaaeaii iiaeoeueii-aei/ia aea/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, ine?eueee
aiii aeicaiey?:
· caaacia/oaaoe oi?ioaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a
ca iine?aeiaieie oacaie canai?iiy;
· aeei?enoiaoaaoe no?oeoo?iaaiee iaa/aeueiee iaoa??ae ca aeae?eaieie
??aiyie a?aaeaoe??;
· a iaaeao eiaeiiai iiaeoey ona?aeiieaii e iaa?oioiaaii aeae?eyoe
ci?noia? aeiee iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo;
· i?iaiaeeoe eiio?ieueia aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia ioe?ithaaiiy ciaiue oa oi?iue
nooaeaio?a o iaaeao eiaeiiai ci?noiaiai iiaeoey;
· aecia/aoe iioeiaeueia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy caiyoue oai?aoe/iiai ?
i?aeoe/iiai oa?aeoa?o uiaei ina?oi?o oiia oa caaaeaiue.
C iaoith caa?aaeaiiy aeanoeainoae oe?e?nii? aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai??? oa
caaacia/aiiy aa??aoeaiino? ?? aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie ci?noiaith
iaeeieoeath iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano aenooia? iaaiee ??aaiue a?aaeaoe??
eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e, ui a i?ioeanoaeueiiio aniaeo? i?iyaey?oueny ye
iiaeoeue. Eiaeiee iiaeoeue ye a?aeiinii caaa?oaia iaeeieoey canai?iiy
?iceeaaea?oueny ia eia?/i? ci?noia? aeiee, ye? ca oiia o?aaeeoe?eiiai
iaa/aiiy aenooiathoue ye oaie /e ?icae?ee aeeaeaeoeee. I?e iaci?iiino?
ia?ae?eo iiaeoe?a aa??aoeaiei ? ?o ci?noiaa oa?aeoa?enoeea, ui
i?iyaey?oueny o e?eueeino? aeie?a eiaeiiai iiaeoey oa aeeaei? ? oe?io?
?o ?ice?eooy. sseui aeie o aeine?aeaeaii? neeaaea? a?aeiinii caaa?oaiee
ci?noiaee ianea iaoa??aeo, oi iiaeoeue, ? oea ? iaaecae/aeii aaaeeeaei,
aeeth/a? a?aeiinii caaa?oaio no?oeoo?io i?aai?caoe?th iaoa??aeo. sseui
aeiee aeathoue iiaeeea?noue aeineoue aeeaiei aea/aoe neeaaeia?
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue, oi iiaeoe? caaacia/othoue nooo?ao iniaeea?noue
iaoiai aeine?aeaeaiiy – ?o oe?e?ni?noue. O oeueiio ieai? eiaeai iiaeoeue
caaa?oo?oueny eiio?ieueiei caiyooyi, yea ia?aaeaa/a? ?ica’ycaiiy
??cii??aiaaeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue. Eia?eo aeeiai?ee canai?iiy
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a ia?acii iiaeia noi?ioethaaoe
ye “a?ae nenoaie – aei nenoaie”.
Aeaaeoeoeaiee, iiaeoeueiee, eiioeaio?e/iee niin?a iiaoaeiae oa canai?iiy
ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeeaeaeoeee aea? ciiao iino?eii oi?ioaaoe
o nooaeaio?a oe?e?ni?, caaa?oai?, no?oeoo?iaai? aeeaeaeoe/i? ciaiiy.
Ia?ao?ae a?ae canai?iiy iaeiiai iiaeoey aei ?ioiai noa? iiaeeeaei eeoa
ca oiiae oni?oiiai ?ica’ycaiiy caaaeaiue ia eiio?ieueiiio caiyoo?, yea
caaa?oo? iiia?aaei?e iiaeoeue. Oiaoi, iaeei e?ie canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo
ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a – oea ia oaia, ia aeie, a iiaeoeue, nenoaia,
ui i?iyaey?oueny ye oe?e?nia ? caaa?oaia ?ioi?iaoe?y aeeaeaeoe/ii?
oai??? ia ??ai? iaaiiai oai?aoeei-i?eeeaaeiiai ni?yioaaiiy, iaaii? oace
canai?iiy. Eiaeiee ?c o?ueio iiaeoe?a aeeth/a? a naaa i?aeoe/ii iiaiee
ia?ae?e iaeieo ? oeo naieo iniiaieo aeeaeaeoe/ieo eaoaai??e ? iiiyoue
eeoa c o?aooaaiiyi niaoeeo?ee ?o canoinoaaiiy. Oaeei /eiii, a iniiao
iiaeoeueii-aei/iiai aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?ioaaiiy oi?iue iieeaaeaii ia no?eueee
o?aaeeoe?eiee ci?noiai-iiiyo?eiee i?aeo?ae, ne?eueee
oai?aoeei-i?eeeaaeiee nooi?iue canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo eaoaai??e ?
iiiyoue.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy TH.E. Aaaainueeiai, ?.ss. Ea?ia?a, A.E.Aaeiaoiaa, ?.A.
Ee?iiaa oa ?ioeo o/aieo i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue, ui aeey ?icaeoeo iniaenoino?
ethaeeie cia/eieie ? ia eeoa a?aea?? ci?noo iaa/aiiy, a e oi?ioaaiiy
iioeiaeueii? aeey eiaeii? nenoaie niinia?a ae?yeueiino?, ui aecia/athoue
?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue o/?iiy. ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue o/?iiy
aecia/a?oueny iaie ye coiiaeaia oeiieia?/ieie iniaeeainoyie nenoaia
niinia?a ae?yeueiino? nooaeaioa, ui caaacia/o? aeinyaiaiiy iioeiaeueiiai
aeey iueiai ?acoeueoaoo. A aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue o/?iiy caaacia/o? aeinyaiaiiy nooaeaioaie c
??cieie oeiieia?/ieie iniaeeainoyie iioeiaeueii? i?iaeoeoeaiino?
canai?iiy ca a?aeiinii iaeiaeiaeo aeey an?o oiia ? ia’?eoeaieo aeiia
naiiai iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano. ?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue ca oaeeo ianoaaei
aenooia? ye i?iaiiciaaiee i?iaeoeo ?aae?caoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy ? aecia/a? ??aaiue iaaeaaia?/ii? aioiaiino? nooaeaioa.
?iaeea?aeoaeueiee noeeue o/?iiy nooaeaioa i?aeoe/ii i?iyaey?oueny ye
eiai aeania o?a?eoi??y iaa/aiiy.
O i?ioeanoaeueiiio aniaeo? aeoea?caoe?y iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii?
ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a coiiaeth?oueny ?o naiino?eiith iiooeiaith
ae?yeuei?noth ia eaeoe?eieo, nai?ia?nueeeo, eaai?aoi?ii-i?aeoe/ieo oa
eiio?ieueieo caiyooyo o aeaeyae? inieneaiiy i?iaeaiiiai ci?noo iaoa??aeo
ia eaeoe?yo, ?ica’yceo aeeneon?eieo i?iaeai oa caaaeaiue ia
nai?ia?nueeeo oa eaai?aoi?ii-i?aeoe/ieo caiyooyo, naiino?eiiai aeeiiaiiy
??aiaaeo caaaeaiue ia eiio?ieueieo caiyooyo. Aeoea?caoe?y
iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a aaciina?aaeiuei
aecia/a?oueny oe?eani?yiiaaiith ae?yeuei?noth aeeeaaea/a, yea
ia?aaeaa/a? aaeineiiaeaiiy ci?noo, oi?i ? iaoiae?a, ye? ni?eythoue iiya?
?ioa?ano, oai?/eo ii/eiaiue, naiino?eieo ??oaiue.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ni?ey?:
1) ci?i? noaaeaiiy nooaeaioa aei iaa/aiiy: eiai iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueia
ae?yeuei?noue oa?aeoa?eco?oueny naiino?ei?noth, ?i?oe?aoeai?noth,
nenoaiaoe/i?noth;
2) ci?i? i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe? aeeeaaea/a: aeoeaio oaaae a i?aai?caoe??
iei iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ci?uo?oueny o a?e i?aai?caoe?? i?aeaioiaee
caiyoue ca eiio?ieai oni?oiino? nooaeaio?a;
a) oieeiaiith iio?aae ia?aeacoaaoe ci?no eaeoe?e, a i?e ?ice?eaathoueny
iniiai? i?aeoiaee, no/ani? aeinyaiaiiy, ?ino?oeoeai? iieiaeaiiy aei
?icaeyaeo iaaiiai ci?noiaiai iiaeoey;
a) caaaa/aiith eaeoe?? aeaiaioaie ae?aeia?/iiai aeeeaaeo iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo;
a) iaaeaiith ia?aaaae ?iaeea?aeoaeueiei oi?iai i?aai?caoe??
i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?;
a) cae?eniaiith aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy o a?eueiiio aeai?? nooaeaioii
i?i?iaeueiiai /e iaeneiaeueiiai noaiaea?oo oa oa?i?io eiai aea/aiiy ?
caea/?;
ae) aeaeici?i? oi?i eiio?ieth; i??i?eoaoieie noathoue ?iaeea?aeoaeuei?
oi?ie i?aai?caoe?? i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?.
Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy ca ?iaiyie canai?iiy aeiaaa? i
aeeoa?aioeiaoei? ioeiiee ?o yeinoi. Oiaoi, o aeiaaeeo, eiee a yeinoi
e?eoa?ith aeeoa?aioeiaoei? iaa/aiiy aenooiathoue ?iai? canai?iiy ciaiue
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/iiai iaoa?iaeo, aiaeiiaiaeii aei eiaeiiai ?iaiy
aecia/a?oueny iaaia noia aaeia: eii?thaaeueiee – 1-3 aaee; aeai?eoi?/iee
– 4-6 aae?a; aa?enoe/iee – 7-9 aae?a; iiooeiaee – 10-12 aae?a. Ca
12-aaeueiith ?aeoeiaiaith ioeiieith iaa/aeueii? aeiyeueiinoi nooaeaio?a
ie aeae?ey?ii /ioe?e nooiai? canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue
oa oi?iue: iaaeinoaoi?e, iecueeee, na?aaei?e, aenieee. Ca?aeii c
i?eioeeiii caaa?oaiinoi iaa/aiiy, eiaeiiio nooiaith canai?iiy
i?enaith?oueny iaaia e?euee?noue aae?a (oaae. 4).
Oaaeeoey 4
12-aaeueia oeaea ioe?ithaaiiy ca ??aiyie oa nooiaiyie canai?iiy
Nooiai?En??ai?Eii?thaaeueieeAeai?eoi?/ieeAa?enoe/ieeIiooeiaeeIaaeinoaoi?
eaei
0.70000Iecueeee0.71-0.814710Na?aaei?e0.81-0.925811Aenieee0.91-0.136912Ae
eoa?aioe?aoe?y ioe?iee iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a ca ??aiyie oa
nooiaiyie canai?iiy i?iaiaeeoueny o aeaio aa??aioao.
Ia?oee aa??aio ia?aaeaa/a? naiino?eiee aea?? nooaeaioaie ??aiy
canai?iiy, a iaaeao yeiai cae?enith?oueny iaia’yceiaee ?ica’ycie on?o
caaaeaiue. I?e oeueiio cia/io ?ieue a?ae?a?athoue ye aea?? neeaaeiino?
??aiy canai?iiy, oae ? iiaiioa oa ianya ?ica’yceo nooaeaioaie caaaeaiue,
ye? a?aeiia?aeathoue aeaiiio ??aith. Ae?oaee aa??aio ia?aaeaa/a?
ioe?ithaaiiy iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a ca nooiaiyie ?ica’yceo
??aiaaeo caaaeaiue. Ia a?aei?io a?ae ia?oiai aa??aioo ioe?iee
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, ui ia?aaeaa/a? a?eueiee aea??
nooaeaioaie ??aiy caaaeaiue, o ae?oaiio nooaeaioai i?iiiiothoueny aeey
iaeii/aniiai ?ica’yceo caaaeaiiy an?o /ioe?ueio ??ai?a. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y
ioe?ithaaiiy ?oiuei? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? oa?aeoa?eco?oueny a?eueiei
aeai?ii nooiaiy canai?iiy. sseui oni?oi?noue ca ia?oei aa??aioii
ioe?ithaaiiy coiiaeth?oueny ye?noth ?ica’ycaiiy iaeii??aiaaeo caaaeaiue,
oi a ae?oaiio – ??cii??aiaaeo.
C ?acoeueoaoeaiiai aieo aoaeoeai?noue canai?iiy nooaeaioaie
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ?ioaineai?noth i?iyao
iaaeaaia?/ieo cae?aiinoae, aeeiai?eith canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo,
ui coiiaeth? oai?/o ni?yiiaai?noue iniaenoino? iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey,
ye?noth i?iyao iaaeaaia?/ii? iioeaaoe?? nooaeaio?a.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aeathoue i?aenoaae noaa?aeaeoaaoe, ui
caaaeuei? oai?/? cae?aiino? nooaeaio?a oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aioo??oi?ie
iaoai?ciaie ooieoe?iioaaiiy ineo?/ieo i?ioean?a ? oi?iothoueny a
i?ioean? i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueii-i?ciaaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a aeineoue iia?eueii. I?i oea na?ae/aoue i?e?inoe iieaciee?a
?icaeoeo caaaeueieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae ye aenia?eiaioaeueieo, oae ?
eiio?ieueieo a?oi. Aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a ae?aaiinoe/ieo c??c?a ia ii/aoeo
? a e?ioe? aenia?eiaioo oi/a ? aeaco? ia e?au? aeeiai?/i? iieacieee
?icaeoeo caaaeueieo cae?aiinoae nooaeaio?a a AA (19%) o ii??aiyii? c EA
(12%), aea ia aiai?eoue i?i ye?niee aieea i?aai?caoe??
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ia i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a.
Caaaeueiee noia?iee i?e??no aeeiai?ee iaaeaaia?/ieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae
a aenia?eiaioaeueieo a?oiao noaiiaeoue 31%, ui aeaco? ia aeineoue
cia/iee aieea aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aa??aioo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
ia i?iaeoeoeaio ae?yeuei?noue iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a.
Oni?oi?noue ?ica’ycaiiy nooaeaioaie caaaeaiue aeai?eoi?/iiai oa?aeoa?o
coiiaeth?oueny aoaeoeai?noth ?ica’yceo eii?thaaeueieo caaaeaiue.
?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aa??aioo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
cana?ae/othoue aenieee ??aaiue oi?ioaaiiy o nooaeaio?a ?ai?iaeoeoeaieo
niinia?a ae?yeueiino? (82% – eii?thaaeueieo ? 85% – aeai?eoi?/ieo). Oea
aiai?eoue i?i aioiai?noue iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a aeeiioaaoe aeeeaaeaoeuee?
ooieoe?? o cae/ieo oiiaao. Nooo?aei ? oaeiae oaeo a?aeiinii?
??aiii??iino? ?acoeueoao?a ?ica’yceo caaaeaiue ?ai?iaeoeoeaiiai
oa?aeoa?o (??cieoey – 3%), ui aeaco? ia o?niee ca’ycie i?ae
aeeaeaeoe/ieie ciaiiyie oa oi?iiyie ?o canoiniaoaaoe o noaiaea?oieo
neooaoe?yo.
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10000000000040000000201010004000000020101000e00000026060f001200ffffffff0
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4001d0105000000130270006802040000002d01050004000000f00104000a00000026060
f000a00ffffffff010000000000040000000201010004000000020101000e00000026060
f001200ffffffff0000080000005d0200003603000009000000fa0200000100000000000
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40005000000140236001c0105000000130251006902040000002d01050004000000f0010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201010009000000fa02000001000000000000002200040000002d0107000500000014029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2010100040000000201010009000000fa02000001000000000000002200040000002d010
8000500000014028700430005000000130287003c00040000002d01050004000000f0010
800040000000201010004000000020101000e00000026060f001200ffffffff000008000
0002b020000c20300000400000002010100030000001e00070000001604d7015300bf013
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4000000020101000400000002010100030000001e000700000016046e015000570132000
400000002010100040000002d0106000e000000320a580132000200040000000000e6024
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2010100030000001e000700000016044a014f00330131000400000002010100040000002
d0106000e000000320a340131000200040000000000e6024d02343008000800040000000
2010100040000002701ffff04000000020101000400000002010100030000001e0007000
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4000000020101000400000002010100030000001e0007000000160402014c00eb002f000
400000002010100040000002d0106000e000000320aec002f000200040000000000e6024
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c000200040000000000e6024d023830080008000400000002010100040000002701ffff0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?en.2 A?ao?ee iieaciee?a ?ica’yceo nooaeaioaie AA ? EA ??cii??aiaaeo
caaaeaiue
I?e aeinoaoiuei aenieeo ?acoeueoaoao ?ai?iaeoeoeaii? ae?yeueiino?
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a a?aecia/a?oueny ? iaeaaeiee ??aaiue ?o i?iaeoeoeaii?
ae?yeueiino?. 71% ?ica’yceo caaaeaiue aa?enoe/iiai oa?aeoa?o aeaco? ia
caeaoi?noue nooaeaio?a canoiniaoaaoe aeeaeaeoe/i? ciaiiy o ci?iaieo
neooaoe?yo. Nooaeaioe AA ?icoi?thoue iaiaeiicia/i?noue ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai, oi?thoue canoiniaoaaoe aa??aoeai? niiniae ?ica’yceo i?iaeaiieo
neooaoe?e, i?iyaeythoue ciaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo caeaaeiinoae i?ae
aeeaeaeoe/ieie eaoaai??yie oa iiiyooyie ia iniia? ?icoi?iiy ?o
aioo??oi?o no?oeoo?ieo oa i?aeno?oeoo?ieo ca’yce?a. Oni?oiee ?ica’ycie
nooaeaioaie caaaeaiue aa?enoe/iiai oa?aeoa?o caaacia/o?oueny ieceith
oi?iue: aiae?oe/ii noaaeoenue aei ?ica’yceo i?iaeaiii? neooaoe??,
c?noaaeyoe ? i?ioenoaaeyoe aenoioo? a?aoiaioe, eiiiiioaaoe a?aeiinii
naiino?ei? iiceoe??, ocaaaeueithaaoe oa nenoaiaoeciaoaaoe iaea?aeai?
aeai?. Aaaeeeaei aniaeoii i?iaeoeoeaii? ae?yeueiino? aa?enoe/iiai
oa?aeoa?o iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey ? caeaoi?noue eiino?othaaoe iaa/aeueiee
i?ioean ca iaaiei eiiieaenii aeaeici?iaieo oiia. Oae? eiino?oeoeai?
oi?iiy iaea?eueoith i??ith oi?iothoueny a aenia?eiaioaeueiiio iaa/aii?
i?e aea/aii? nooaeaioaie iiaeoey “Oaoiieia?y iiaoaeiae o?ieo”.
I?aai?caoe?y aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy, iiaoaeiaaia ia noeioethaaii?
oai?/i? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a, ia?aaeaa/a? noai?aiiy aoiinoa?e, ca
yei? o eiaeiiai aeieea? aaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeoaaoe, oi?iothoueny oi?iiy
aeine?aeieoeueeiai oa?aeoa?o. 24% ?ica’ycaieo nooaeaioaie AA iiooeiaeo
caaaeaiue ii?yae c 1% – EA aeaco? ia aaaeaiiy oa caeaoi?noue iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a i?iaiaeeoe aeine?aeaeaiiy a aeeaeaeoe/i?e noa??. I?e oeueiio
ne?ae a?aei?oeoe oe?ieee niaeo? iiceoe?e ?ica’yceo i?iaeai, iiethni?noue
noaeaeaiue, iia?aoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy iaa/aeueiiai oa iicaiaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo oa ?i. Iniiaiei iioeaii aeoeaiiai aeeth/aiiy nooaeaio?a o
?ica’ycie iiooeiaeo caaaeaiue ? i?ciaaaeueiee ?ioa?an (iiooe ?noeie,
i?e/eie, iane?aee?a, noai?aiiy iiaiai, a?aei?iiiai oa ?ioa).
Ca ioe?ieaie ia?aaaaeii? a?eueoino? aeeeaaea/?a, ye? a?aee o/anoue a
aenia?eiaio?, ?acoeueoaoii aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy ? oi?ioaaiiy o
nooaeaio?a niinia?a ae?yeueiino?, iia’ycaieo ?c naiino?eiith ?iaioith c
iaoa??aeaie iin?aiee?a, ?c iia?aoeai?noth canai?iiy iiaiai iaoa??aeo, c
iiooeii aa??aoeaieo niinia?a ?ica’yceo i?iaeai, c ioe?ieith oa
naiiioe?ieith aeanii? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?.
ssne?aai ae?aaeaiith ? oaiaeaioe?y aei i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ciaiue
nooaeaio?a: iiiyooy canaiththoueny a?eueo oi/ii, aeeaoa, o?aeoothoueny c
??cieo iiceoe?e; ciaiiy oa?aeoa?ecothoueny oe?e?ni?noth, ui
i?iyaey?oueny o aecia/aii? ia eeoa ?oiuei? noo?, aea e ni?aa?aeiioaiiy c
?ioeie noi?aeieie iiiyooyie oa ooieoe?iiaeueii? niaoeeo?/iino? o
no?oeoo?? i?ioeano iaa/aiiy; a?eueo oni?oii a?aeaoaa?oueny i?ioean
canoinoaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai??? a i?aeoeoe? aeeaeaeoe/ii? ae?yeueiino?
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a. Cia/ii c?inei iiceoeaia noaaeaiiy nooaeaio?a aei
iaa/aiiy, ine?eueee aea?? iineeueieo oa aa??aoeaieo caaaeaiue ni?eya
oe??ieaiith aiaaiaiino? nooaeaio?a o nai?o neeao.
Aea/aiiy noaaeaiiy nooaeaio?a aei aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iieaco?,
ui oaeee aa??aio aeaooiao?, ia?o ca ana, iaea?eueo neeueieo, oai?/i
iaaea?iaaieo nooaeaio?a. ?i iiaeiaathoueny oe?ie? iiaeeeaino? naiaiaee
ae?e oa aeai?o caaaeaiue ca a?aeiia?aeiei aeey ieo ??aiai ?icaeoeo oa
aeiiaaaiue, iayai?noue oe?eaaeo oai?/eo caaaeaiue, a?aenooi?noue
nan?eii? “ooo?iiaueie” oa ?i. ?acii c oei, aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy,
oi/ ? niiioea? nooaeaio?a c iecueeith i?aoeacaeaoi?noth oa neaaeith
iioeaiaai?noth naiino?eii i?aoethaaoe, aea ia noai?th? a ieo aeinoaoiuei
iiceoeaiiai noaaeaiiy aei iaa/aiiy. Oea iiynith?oueny oei, ui ca oiia
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, ii-ia?oa, cia/ii c?inoa? ??cieoey i?ae
oni?oi?noth nooaeaio?a o a?oi?; ii-ae?oaa, ci?iththoueny a?oiia?
oe?ii?ni? i???ioaoe?? a noi?iio iaa/aeueii? oai?/i? ae?yeueiino?;
ii-o?ao?, i?aeaeuothoueny aioo??oi? aeiiae nooaeaioa aei naiiai naaa, ui
ii?ooo? onoaeai? niiniae ae?yeueiino?.
?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieythoue iai
aeae?eeoe caaaeuei? /eiieee uiaei ?aae?caoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe. Aoaeoeai?noue ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy coiiaeth?oueny, ia?o ca ana, ia’?eoeaieie ?
noa’?eoeaieie oaeoi?aie. Aei ia’?eoeaieo a?aeiinyoueny:
1. A?aeiia?aei?noue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy eiie?aoi?e
iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/i?e aac?.
2. I?aai?caoe?eii-oaoiieia?/ia, iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ia caaacia/aiiy
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano oa no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy iei.
3. Aeiiii?/ii-o?iainiaa caaacia/aiiy, iia’ycaia c iiaeeea?noth iaa/aiiy
iaaii? e?eueeino? nooaeaio?a (/ei ieae/a e?euee?noue nooaeaio?a o a?oi?,
oei aeu? iiaeeeaino? aeey aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? oa ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe??
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano) oa iaa/aeueiiai iaaaioaaeaiiy aeeeaaea/?a (/ei
iaioa iaaaioaaeaiiy, oei a?eueoa iiaeeeainoae aeey iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ii?
ae?yeueiino? aeeeaaea/?a).
Noa’?eoeai? oaeoi?e aoaeoeaiiai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a iaa/aeueiee i?ioean
aoco oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy coiiaeththoueny, ia?o ca
ana, aioiai?noth aei oeueiai aeeeaaea/?a ? nooaeaio?a:
1. Iaoiaee/ia aioiai?noue aeeeaaea/?a, ui coiiaeth?oueny ?oi?i
caaaeueiei i?ioan?eiei ??aiai, oai?/ei noaaeaiiyi aei iaaeaaia?/ii?
i?aoe?.
2. Ineoieia?/ia aioiai?noue aeeeaaea/?a, yea ia?aaeaa/a? iia?aoeai?noue
aaeaioaoe?? aei aeaeici?iaieo oiia i?ioan?eii? ae?yeueiino?,
i?iaeoeoeai?noue ni?eeoaaiiy c? nooaeaioaie.
3. Iiceoeaia iioeaaoe?y aeeeaaea/?a ? nooaeaio?a.
AENIIAEE
1. Aeeoa?aioeieiaaia iaa/aiiy ? aeooaeueiith i?iaeaiith no/anii?
iaaeaaiaiee aeui? oeiee. Aiaeic iaoeiai-iaaeaaiai/ii? eioa?aoo?e
canaiae/ea, ui aeinoaoiuei aeeaie? aeineiaeaeaiiy o oeie aaeoci eeoa
?icii/eiathoueny ye ca?oaiaeieie, oae ? aio/eciyieie
iaaeaaiaaie-aeineiaeieeaie. Aoc?anueeee ??aaiue ?ic?iaee i?iaeai
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy caiaeeoueny, aieiaiei /eiii, aei iaoai?/iiai
ia?aianaiiy caeiiii??iinoae aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o na?aaei?e
oeie? ia iaa/aeueiee i?ioean o aoc?. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaa/aiiy
?ice?eaa?oueny ye aoaeoeaiee niin?a eiai ?iaeea?aeoae?caoe?? e
caiaeeoueny aei a?oioaaiiy nooaeaio?a ca iaaieie iciaeaie o ieai?
iioei?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe.
Iiaeeaiaeoaeicaoeiy i aeeoa?aioeiaoeiy iaa/aiiy a oaeeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo
niiaaiaeiinyoueny ye iaoa i cania ?? aeinyaiaiiy. O iaaeaaia?oe? aeui?
oeiee a?aenooi? aeine?aeaeaiiy, a yeeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy
aenooia? ye naiino?eia iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaia ? i?aeoe/ii aaeaioiaaia
oaoiieia?y iaa/aiiy.
Ia?aaeoiiaith aeieeiaiiy ? ?icaeoeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe ? aeooae?caoe?y o 60-o? ?iee aniaeo?a iaa/aiiy,
coiiaeaieo iniaeno?niei i?aeoiaeii. Iiaeeaethth/enue, aeaia oaiaeaioe?y
eiie?aoeciao?oueny oa ?icaeaa?oueny a 70-o? ?iee ia iniia? canoinoaaiiy
a iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai i?aeoiaeo aei nooaeaio?a o
iaa/aii?, yeee ia?aaeaa/a?, aieiaiei /eiii, ?o a?oioaaiiy ia iniia?
a?aooaaiiy ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae. O 80-o? ?iee
?ioa?i?aoaoe?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy caiaeeoueny aei ?ic?iaee
nenoaie aeiia oa aeo?aeieo iieiaeaiue, ye? ciaoiaeyoue ao?eaiiy o
i?eioeei? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy. Eeoa a e?ioe? 80-o ia ii/aoeo 90-o
?ie?a aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy iaaoaa? iciae oe?e?nii? eiioeaioe??,
iiaoaeiaaii? ca iaaieie caeiiii??iinoyie.
2. Aiae?c oaoiieia?? iaa/aiiy c ina?oi?o, aeeaeaeoe/ieo, oi?aae?inueeeo
oa ?ioeo iiceoe?e aea? i?aenoaae aecia/aoe ?? ye i?aai?caoe?th
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ca ae?aaiinoe/ii aecia/aieie ???a?o?/ieie oe?eyie
iaa/aiiy, oe?e?niith iiaoaeiaith no?oeoo?e iaa/aiiy, ia’?eoeaiith
ioe?ieith ?acoeueoao?a iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino? nooaeaio?a oa
ei?aeoe??th canai?iiy ?o ciaiue oa oi?iue. Oaoiieia?y
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe aeeth/a?
eiioeaiooaeuei? canaaee iniaeno?nii i???ioiaaiiai iaa/aiiy oa iaoiaee/i?
iaoa??aee eiai ?aae?caoe??. I?e oeueiio aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy
oe?iei aeei?enoiao? iniiai? iiceoe?? ?yaeo aoc?anueeeo oaoiieia?e
iaa/aiiy: iiaeoeueiiai, ?aeoeiaiaiai, eiioaenoiiai, i?ia?aiiaaiiai,
i?iaeaiiiai iaa/aiiy, iaaeaaia?ee ni?a?ia?oieoeoai oa ?ioeo.
Aeeoa?aioeiaoeiy iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe – oea aoaeoeaiee
cania caaacia/aiiy iiaeeaiaeoaeueiiai noeeth o/?iiy nooaeaioia, yeee
ia?aaeaa/a? naiinoieiee aeai? ieie iaaiiai niiniao oa ?iaiy canai?iiy
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa?iaeo, aea? iiaeeeainoue ia’?eoeaii aecia/eoe ?iaaiue
?o iiaeaioiaee, a oaeiae ia?aaeaa/a? oeyo iiaeaeueoiai oaeineiiaeaiiy
ciaiue. Aeeoa?aioeiaoeiy iaa/aiiy – oea iaaeaaiai/ia oaoiieiaiy, yea
caaacia/o? ?icaeoie iniaenoino? nooaeaioa c o?aooaaiiyi eiai
iiaeeeainoae, iioa?ania, caeiaiinoae. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ia?aaeaa/a?
a?aee?eo?noue ? aa??aoeai?noue iaa/aiiy, ??ciiiai?oi?noue iaoiae?a,
cania?a ? oi?i i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueii? ae?yeueiino?. Aiia aa?aioo?
noai?aiiy eiiieaeno caoiaeia, yei caaacia/othoue eiaeiiio nooaeaioiai
canai?iiy ciaiue oa oi?iue ia iaaei eiai iiaeeeainoae. Oni?oi?noue ?
?acoeueoaoeai?noue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy coiiaeth?oueny
eiie?aoieie caaaeaiiyie eiaeiiai aoaio iaa/aiiy, oeyoaie ?o ?ica’yceo,
a?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae nooaeaio?a oa iaaeaaia?/ii? iaenoa?iino?
aeeeaaea/?a oa ?i.
Iaoiaeieia?/iei i?aea?oioyi oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe ? ie?ai? o?einionuee? iiceoe??: ae?yeuei?nii?
noo? ethaeeie, ui aecia/a? ae?yeuei?niee i?aeo?ae aei iaa/aiiy ?
coiiaeth?oueny i?eioeeiaie aeoeaiino? oa na?aeiiino? o iaa/aii? ?
a?aooaaiiy a?eiaeo oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae oeo, ooi
iaa/a?oueny; iaiao?aeiino? oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth, ui ?aae?ciao?
nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae o iaa/aii? ca i?eioeeiaie oe?e?niino?, no?oeoo?iino?,
???a?o?/iino?, ?ioaa?aoeaiino?, ciai?oiuei? coiiaeaiino?; ?ioaa?aoe?y
iaoee ? ae?iaieoeoaa, ui ao?eth?oueny ca aeiiiiiaith oaoiieia?/iiai
i?aeoiaeo aei iaa/aiiy oeyoii ?aae?caoe?? i?eioeei?a ae?aaiinoe/ii?
oe?eani?yiiaaiino?, iaoeiaino?, iioeiaeueiino?, no/aniino?, caaa?oaiino?
iaa/aiiy, na?aeiiiai aeai?o, ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, aei??thaaiino?
?acoeueoao?a iaa/aiiy, ia’?eoeaiino? ioe?iee. ?aei?noue o?einionueeeo
iiceoe?e, iaoeiaeo i?aeoiae?a oa iaaeaaia?/ieo i?eioeei?a aeicaiey?
i?aaenoaaeoe oaoiieia?th aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee ye oe?e?nio i?aai?caoe?th.
3. A aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy
?icaeyaea?oueny ia iaoa??aeao aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee yea ?
nenoaiioa??iith iniiaith i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey
ii/aoeiaeo eean?a. Aeeaeaeoe/ia i?aeaioiaea a oiiaao aeuiai caeeaaeo
ina?oe ?aae?ciao?oueny, ia?o ca ana, /a?ac nenoaio aeenoeeie?i,
i?aaeiaoii aea/aiiy yeeo ? i?ioean iaa/aiiy /e ie?ai? eiai eiiiiiaioe
aai iniaeeaino?, ui ?icaeyaeathoueny i?ae ??ciei eooii ci?o. Aei
aeenoeeie?i, ye? aaciina?aaeiuei caaacia/othoue oi?ioaaiiy o iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a aeeaeaeoe/ii? ooieoe??, a?aeiinyoueny:
aeeaeaeoeea ye ?icae?e iaaeaaia?ee, ui aenooia? a aeine?aeaeaii? ia
??ai? ie?aii? aeenoeeie?ie, anooi aei niaoe?aeueiino?, ?noi??y
iaaeaaia?ee, iaaeaaia?/ia ineoieia?y, aeeaeaeoeee ie?aieo aeenoeeie?i
(iaoiaeeee), aeeaeaeoeei-iaoiaee/i? niaoeeo?ne oa niaoenai?ia?e, eo?niaa
oa aeeieiiia ?iaioe c i?iaeai iaa/aiiy, iaa/aeueia oa iaaeaaia?/ia
i?aeoeee. A?aeiia?aeii aei nenoaiioa??ii? ?ie? aeeaeaeoeee o
no?oeoo?oaaii? ci?noo aeaieo aeenoeeie?i aiie a noeoiiino? neeaaeathoue
oe?e?nio i?aai?caoe?th ? aecia/athoueny iaie ye aeenoeeie?ie
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee.
Aeenoeeie?ie, neeaaeath/e iaaio oe?e?ni?noue, caeaaeii a?ae ?o
i?aaeiaoieo oa i?aei?aaeiaoieo ooieoe?iiaeueieo iniaeeainoae
aea/athoueny nooaeaioaie ca /?oei aecia/aieie aoaiaie ? oacaie
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, a eia?/i?e iine?aeiaiino? oa
aca?iicaeaaeiino?. Aiie iaea?eueoith i??ith caaacia/othoue oi?ioaaiiy
oai?aoe/ii? (ona?aeiieaiiy i?ia?aiieo onoaiiaie), eaai?aoi?ii?
(?aae?caoe?y aeiia o iiaeaeueiaaieo neooaoe?yo) oa i?aeoe/ii?
(ai?iaaoe?y iaa/aeueiiai i?eeeaaeiiai aeine?aeo) oac aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a ? noai?ththoue
ia?aaeoiiae aeey aoaeoeaiiai caaacia/aiiy o?oaeiai? oace (oi?ioaaiiy
iaaeaaia?/ii? iaenoa?iino?). I?aeaioia/ee aoai ni?ey? iaa?iiaaeaeaiith
aeeaeaeoe/ii i???ioiaaieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, aaciaee – caaacia/o?
?ioaa?aoe?th iaea?aeaii? ?ioi?iaoe?? ? ae?iaeaiiy no?oeoo?e, yea
aecia/a? eiioeaiooaeueia aa/aiiy ci?noo ?ioeo aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/iiai
oeeeeo, ?iaa??aioiee aoai caaacia/o? eiie?aoecaoe?th oa iiaeeaeaiiy
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue, i?eeeaaeiee aoai neoaeeoue aeey
ai?iaaoe?? oa canoinoaaiiy iaea?aeaieo ciaiue ia i?aeoeoe?. Aeae?eaiiy
nenoaie aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee ? ?aeeiee i?aeo?ae aei
eia?ee oa iine?aeiaiino? ?o aeeeaaeaiiy ni?ey? oi?ioaaiith oe?e?nieo
aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a.
Oi?ioaaiiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a o ?one?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy caaacia/o?oueny ??cii??aiaaei oa?aeoa?ii ?o
canai?iiy ia iniia? aeai?o iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie ?iaeea?aeoaeueii?
o?a?eoi??? o/?iiy. ??cii??aiaaee oa?aeoa? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai aea/aiiy
nooaeaioaie iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo coiiaeth?oueny ?ai?iaeoeoeaieie oa
i?iaeoeoeaieie niiniaaie canai?iiy aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue.
Aecia/aiiy i???ioiaii? iniiae ae?? eiaeiiai ??aiy canai?iiy oa
aa??aoeaiino? ?? i?iyao a ieo aeicaiey? caaacia/oaaoe ae?aaiinoe/i?noue
iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano ia aoai? eiai i?iaeooaaiiy, ?aae?caoe?? oa ioe?iee
? eiio?ieth. ?ai?iaeoeoeaia iaa/aeueia ae?yeuei?noue nooaeaio?a
caaacia/o?oueny eii?thaaeueiei oa aeai?eoi?/iei ??aiyie canai?iiy,
eiino?oeoeaia, oai?/a ae?yeuei?noue – aa?enoe/iei oa iiooeiaei.
Aeeaeaeoe/ia aioiai?noue iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oi?iiyi
?ica’ycoaaoe aeeaeaeoe/i? caaaeaiiy. Oey aeanoea?noue aeei?enoaia iaie
i?e i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano aeey caaacia/aiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii?
i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a, ine?eueee ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? canai?iiy
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue aecia/a?oueny ca ?o oi?iiyi
?ica’ycoaaoe aeeoa?aioe?eiaai? aeeaeaeoe/i? caaaeaiiy. I?e/iio, a iniiao
eeaneo?eaoe?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue iieeaaeaii ??ai? canai?iiy
nooaeaioaie iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo.
4. Nenoaiiooai?thth/a ?ieue aeeaeaeoeee a nenoai? aeenoeeie?i oa
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee oa?aeoa? ?? aea/aiiy ia?aaeaa/athoue no?oeoo?oaaiiy
ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, yeee aieiae?? aeanoea?noth aeno?aiieyoe??
ia ci?no ?ioeo aeenoeeie?i ? noai?th? oiiae aeey aa??aoeaiiai eiai
canai?iiy iaeaooi?ie o/eoaeyie. Aeey oeueiai iaie ?ic?iaeaia eia?/ia
no?oeoo?a ci?noo aeeaeaeoeee, i?e ye?e:
· aeeaeaeoe/i? eaoaai??? oa iiiyooy i?aaenoaaeythoueny ye oe?e?nia
i?aai?caoe?y (nenoaia);
· ci?no aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue ?ice?eaa?oueny ca o?ueiia ??aiyie
a?aaeaoe??: aeeaeaeoe/ia oai??y, eiiiiiaioe i?ioeano iaa/aiiy,
iaa/aeueiee i?ioean ia o?ioe?;
· eiaeai ??aaiue a?aaeaoe?? aeeth/a? iiaiee iaa?? aeeaeaeoe/ieo
eaoaai??e oa iiiyoue, ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ??ciei nooiaiai
iaoeiai-i?eeeaaeiiai canoinoaaiiy oa oacaie aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee;
· ca oiia caa?aaeaiiy no?oeoo?e ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo oe?iei?
aa??aoeaiino? iaaoaa? iaa?? ci?noiaeo iaeeieoeue;
· iine?aeiai?noue oa eia?ea aea/aiiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo
aecia/a?oueny no?oeoo?iith coiiaeai?noth eiai ci?noo.
Ca aeanoeainoyie eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy
ia?aaeaa/a? iiaeoeueii-aei/iee niin?a aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie ci?noo
aeeaeaeoeee. I?e/iio, c iaoith caa?aaeaiiy aeanoeainoae oe?e?nii?
aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai??? oa caaacia/aiiy aa??aoeaiino? ?? aea/aiiy
nooaeaioaie ci?noiaith iaeeieoeath iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano aenooia? iaaiee
??aaiue a?aaeaoe?? eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e, ui a i?ioeanoaeueiiio aniaeo?
i?iyaey?oueny ye iiaeoeue. Eiaeiee iiaeoeue ye a?aeiinii caaa?oaia
iaeeieoey canai?iiy ?iceeaaea?oueny ia eia?/i? ci?noia? aeiee, ye? ca
oiia o?aaeeoe?eiiai iaa/aiiy aenooiathoue ye oaie /e ?icae?ee
aeeaeaeoeee. Ca iaci?iiino? ia?ae?eo iiaeoe?a aa??aoeaiei ? ?o ci?noiaa
oa?aeoa?enoeea, ui i?iyaey?oueny o e?eueeino? aeie?a eiaeiiai iiaeoey oa
aeeaeie ? oe?ioe ?o ?ice?eooy. A aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aeine?aeaeaii?
iiaeoeue ye oe?e?nia no?oeoo?ia neeaaeiaa iaeii/anii aenooia? ?
no?oeoo?iith ci?noiaith iaeeieoeath, ? i?ioeanoaeueiei e?ieii. Oiaoi, o
iiaeoe? caaaeaii iiaiee ia?ae?e aeeaeaeoe/ieo iiiyoue, ye? aecia/athoue
aieiaio nooue aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee. A?aei?ii?noue i?ae iiaeoeyie
neeaaea? ia no?eueee iiaecia iiiyoue, ne?eueee ??aaiue ?o i?iyao a
iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? oeiee. Iiaeoeue – oea oaeiae ie?aiee aoai
canai?iiy iaaiiai ??aiy a?aaeaoe?? eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e oa oace
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a. Iiaeoeueii-aei/ia aea/aiiy
nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoeee – oea iioeiaeueia ii?aeiaiiy canai?iiy ieie
ci?noiaeo oa no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue aeeaeaeoe/ieo eaoaai??e ? iiiyoue,
ui aeicaiey? oi?ioaaoe ia eeoa ciaiiy oa oi?iiy a e?euee?nieo ?o
oa?aeoa?enoeeao, a e caaacia/o? ?o oe?e?ni?noue oa aenieo i?eeeaaeio
ni?yiiaai?noue.
Ca oiia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaoiieia?? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
aeaeici?iththoueny oi?ie i?aai?caoe?? iaa/aiiy. Eaeoe?? ?ioi?iaoeaiiai
oa?aeoa?o cai?iththoueny eaeoe?yie i?iaeaiieie, aa?aeieie, iaeyaeiaeie,
?ino?oeoeaieie, eiioeaiooaeueii-aiae?oe/ieie. Ia nai?ia?nueeeo oa
i?aeoe/ieo caiyooyo ?ai?iaeoeoeaia ?ioi?iaoeaia a?aeoai?aiiy iaoa??aeo
cai?ith?oueny aeeneon?yie, ae?eiaeie oa ?ieueiaeie ?a?aie, iaoeiaeie
iia?aeiieaiiyie, ?ica’yceii aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue.
Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia aea/aiiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoeee c o?aooaaiiyi canaae
iiaeoeueii-aei/iiai iaa/aiiy ia?aaeaa/a? caaacia/aiiy ?aae?caoe??
oaoiieia?/iiai i?eioeeio caaa?oaiino? iaa/aiiy. A aenia?eiaioaeueiiio
aeine?aeaeaii? eiaeai iiaeoeue ye oe?e?nia ci?noiaa no?oeoo?a
caaa?oo?oueny ?ica’yceii ??cii??aiaaeo aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo caaaeaiue ia
eiio?ieueiiio caiyoo?. Eiao?oe??io canai?iiy aeaco? ia nooi?iue caea/?
nooaeaioii iiaeoey ca ??aiai canai?iiy ? aecia/a? aeiione (iaaeiione)
aei aea/aiiy ianooiiiai. Caaa?oai?noue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy
aa?aioo? canai?iiy nooaeaioii i?i?iaeueii iaiao?aeiiai ii?iaoeaiiai
ci?noiaiai ianeao.
5. A?eueiee aea?? aa??aioo iaa/aiiy, a ia aei?noeee ?iciiae?e nooaeaio?a
ca iniaeno?nieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie ia a?oie, ioe?ith?oueny ieie ye
aeaiie?aoe/iee ? aoiaiiee. A?i onoaa? ineoieia?/iee aeeneiioi?o o ?ac?
ia?aoiaeo a?ae a?eueo neeaaeiiai aa??aioo aei i?ino?oiai, yeui nooaeaio
a?ae/oaa? o?oaeiiu?. Aa??aoeai?noue iaa/aiiy aeicaiey? eiaeiiio
nooaeaioia?, a?aoiaoth/e na?e ??aaiue aeiiaaaiue, iaoe /?oea oyaeaiiy
i?i aeanio aeeiai?eo i?inoaaiiy o aea/aii? iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo.
Iiaeaeue aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy aea? ciiao i?aai?coaaoe
iaa/aeueiee i?ioean oae, uia nooaeaio aac i?eiono i?aaioa aei
nenoaiaoe/iiai, aeoeaiiai, naiino?eiiai iaieiae?iiy ciaiiyie ia iniia?
naiino?eii? ioe?iee aeaniiai ??aiy i?aeaioiaee, niiniao canai?iiy ciaiue
(ia ieae/a anoaiiaeaiiai i?i?ioio), a?ae/oooy caaeiaieaiiy o i?ioean?
aeinyaiaiiy iniaenoi aecia/aieo caaaeaiue. Oeueiio a cia/i?e i??? ni?ey?
a?aee?eoa ?aeoeiaiaa nenoaia ioe?iee ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a, yea
aeicaiey? aeinyaoe ??aiii??ii? ?iaioe nooaeaioa i?ioyaii onueiai
naiano?o, noeioethaaoe noia?ieoeoai a iaa/aii? (ai?ioueaa ca na?e
?aeoeia), i?aeaeueoe ye?noue ciaiue nooaeaio?a, cae?enithaaoe
aeenoeeie?ia?iee aieea ia aanue o?ae iaa/aeueiiai i?ioeano. I?e oae?e
nenoai? ?iaioe ci?ith?oueny ineoieia?/ia onoaiiaea aeeeaaea/a ?
nooaeaioa. Aeeeaaea/ ia caeeeea? nooaeaio?a aei i?aoe?, ia aeei?enoiao?
i?eionia? caoiaee (ia?aeee/ea i?enooi?o ia caiyoo?, iia?ica ?nieoii ?
o.ae.). Aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy ca ??aiyie canai?iiy noai?th? oiiae
aeey aeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo nooaeaio?a, ine?eueee aeicaiey? i?aoethaaoe
eiaeiiio a i??o iiaeeeainoae ? aaaeaiue. Iniaeeaa oe?ii?noue oaeiai
iaa/aiiy o oiio, ui iioeaaoe?eii-noeioethth/? aniaeoe caaacia/othoue
iioeiaeuei? oiiae ?icaeoeo iaecae?ai?oei nooaeaioai, ye? a
aenia?eiaioaeueieo a?oiao ia?aaaaeii i?aoethaaee, ca aa?enoe/iei oa
iiooeiaei ??aiyie. Oaeei nooaeaioai ie i?iiiioaaee ?iaioo a
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo a?oiao. Aiie aenooiaee ia iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo,
ienaee aeine?aeieoeuee? ?iaioe. Nai? oai?/? cae?aiino? nooaeaioe iaee
ciiao ?icaeaaoe a?eueo na?aeiii, ieaiii??ii, oe?eani?yiiaaii.
?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieythoue aeae?eeoe
iniiai? oaeoi?aie aoaeoeaiiai ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe, yeeie ?: ?iaeea?aeoaeueii-oeiieia?/i?
iniaeeaino? nooaeaio?a, iaaeaaia?/ia iaenoa?i?noue aeeeaaea/?a, ci?no
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, i?ioeanoaeueia caaacia/aiiy
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy, iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/ia oa
iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ia caaacia/aiiy, nooaeaionueeee eieaeoea,
aaei?i?no?aoeaia oi?aae?iiy.
6. O aeena?oaoe?eiiio aeine?aeaeaii? eiinoaoo?oueny caeaaei?noue
aoaeoeaiino? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy a?ae: aeooaeueiiai ??aiy
?ica’yceo i?iaeai aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ina?oe; a?aooaaiiy iiceoe?e
i?io?eueii? aeeoa?aioe?aoe??, iiaoaeiaaii? ca i?ioan?eieie ?ioa?anaie
iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey; nooiaiy ?ioaa?aoe?? aeeaeaeoe/ii? oa iaaeaaia?/ii?
i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a. Iaeiae, eiie?aoi? iaoai?cie oe??? caeaaeiino? ia
?ice?eaathoueny aeinoaoiueith i??ith. Oe? oa ?io? i?iaeaie coiiaeththoue
ia?niaeoeae iiaeaeueoiai aenia?eiaioaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Iniiaiee ci?no ?iaioe a?aeia?aaeaii a oaeeo ioae?eaoe?yo:
A. Iiiia?ao??
1. Aonae I.I. I?aeaioiaea o/eoaey: oaoiieia?/i? aniaeoe: Iiiia?ao?y. –
Eooeuee: ?aae.-aeae. a?aeae. “Aaaea” Aieei. aea?ae. oi-oo ?i. Ean?
Oe?a?iee, 1999. – 278n.
2. Aonae I.I. Oaoiieia?y canai?iiy nooaeaioaie aeeaeaeoe/ii? oai???:
Iiiia?ao?y – Eooeuee: Aeaeaaieoeoai AAeO, 1996. -115n.
A. Iaa/aeuei? iin?aieee, iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
3. Aonae I.I., Ia?o??inyi E.A. ?noi??y iaaeaaia?ee Oe?a?ie: Iin?aiee
aeey nooaeaio?a. – Eooeuee, Aeaeaaieoeoai AAeO, 1996. – 164n. (
aaoi?nueeeo 4 ae.a.)
4. Aonae I.I., Eaaoa N.N. Eooeueea a?aonueea oeiea. – Eooeuee,
Aeaeaaieoeoai aea?aeoi?aa?neoaoo, 1997. – 119n. (aaoi?nueeeo 4 ae.a.).
5. Aonae I.I., Niiethe ?.I. Oai?aoe/i? aniaeoe iaa/aiiy : Iaoiaee/i?
iaoa??aee c oai??? iaa/aiiy aeey aeeeaaea/?a iaaeaaia?ee ? nooaeaio?a. –
E.,1994. – 27n. (aaoi?nueeeo 1 ae.a.).
6. I?n?i/oe A.N., Niiethe ?.I., Aonae I.I. oa ?io?. ?noi?e/i? oa no/ani?
aniaeoe iaaeaaia?/ii? oaoiieia??: Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??. – Eooeuee,
1993. – 32n. (aaoi?nueeeo 0.5 ae.a.).
A. Noaoo? a iaoeiaeo aeaeaiiyo
7. Aonae I.I. ?ioaa?aoe?y ci?noo aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
// Iaoea ? no/ani?noue. Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa. – E.: ?CII, 1998. –
*.??. – N.41-47.
8. Aonae I.I. Iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy o
aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe // Iaoeia? caienee. Ca??iee iaoeiaeo noaoae
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa. –
E.,1999. – *.IV. – N.145-154.
9. Aonae I.I. I?iaeaie ai?iaaaeaeaiiy no/anieo oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy //
Iaoiaee/i? canaaee eiino?othaaiiy ci?noo i?ioan?eii? ina?oe:
Iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iee ca??iee / Aieiaiee ?aae. ?.A.Cycthi. -A?iieoey,
1998: – *.2 – N.81-85.
10. Aonae I.I. I?aeoeea ?aeoeiaiaiai ioe?ithaaiiy ciaiue oa oi?iue
nooaeaio?a // Iaoeia? caienee A?iieoeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai iaaeaaia?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? Ieoaeea Eioethaeinueeiai. Na??y 1: Iaaeaaia?ea ?
ineoieia?y – A?iieoey, 1999. – ?1. – N. 32-37.
11. Aonae I.I. Aeai?eoie i?iaeooaaiiy o?ieo // Oi?ioaaiiy i?ioan?eii?
eoeueoo?e iaeaooiueiai a/eoaey ii/aoeiaeo eean?a: Ca??iee iaoa??ae?a
?anioae?eainueei? iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe?? o 2-o oiiao. –
A?iieoey, 1999. – O.2. – N.301-308.
12. Aonae I.I. Oaoiieia?y iiaoaeiae o?ieo // Iaoeiaee a?niee AAeO. –
Eooeuee, 1997. – ?7. – N.51-54
13. Aonae I.I. Iiaeoeueia iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe // Iaoeiaee
a?niee AAeO. Iaaeaaia?/i? iaoee. – Eooeuee, 1998. – ?9. – N.44-49.
14. Aonae I.I. Aoiai?oa?ecaoe?y ina?oe a aoiai?caoe?? iaa/aiiy //
Aoiai?caoe?y iaoe?iiaeueii? ina?oe Oe?a?ie: caeiaooee, i?iaeaie, iiooee
(iaoa??aee iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??). – Eooeuee, 1993. – N.18-23.
15. Aonae I.I. Oaoiieia?y iiaeoeueii-oeeee?/iiai aea/aiiy aeeaeaeoeee //
I?iaeaie iaaeaaia?/ieo oaoiieia?e: Oaiaoe/iee ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue.
– Eooeuee 1997. -N.5-11.
16. Aonae I.I. Iinoaiiaea iaoe o?ieo a oaoiieia?? iaa/aiiy //
Iaaeaaia?/ia oaoiieia?y a no/aniiio aoc?. Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii?
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe??. – Eooeuee: Aaaea, 1995. – N.54-55
A. Oace aeiiia?aeae
17. Aonae I.I. I?iaeaia i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ineoieiai-iaaeaaia?/ii?
i?aeaioiaee a/eoaey ii/aoeiaeo eean?a o i?aoeyo I.E.E?oinueei? //
Iaaeaaia?/ia niaaeueia I.E. E?oinueei? oa no/ani? i?iaeaie oai??? ?
i?aeoeee iaa/aiiy ? aeoiaaiiy: Oace aeii. – E., 1989. – N.36-37.
18. Aonae I.I. Oi?ioaaiiy o nooaeaio?a caaaeueiiaeeaeaeoe/ieo oi?iue
iiaoaeiae o?ieo // Oi?ioaaiiy ii?aeueii-i?ioan?eii? eoeueoo?e
iaeaooiueiai o/eoaey: Oace iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe??. –
Oa?iii?eue, 1991. -N.24-26
19. Aonae I.I., Aonae E.?. Iia? oi?ie no/aniiai aea?aeaaiiai aecaiaio //
Iaoa??aee OOO?O iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai
neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a ?inoeoooo – Eooeuee, 1993. – *.?. – N.174-175.
20. Aonae I.I. Aoiai?caoe?y iniiaieo caaea/ iaa/aeueii-aeoiaiiai
i?ioeano // Iaoa??aee OOO?O iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo ?inoeoooo – Eooeuee, 1993. –
*.??? – N.444.
21. Aonae I.I. Aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y i?ioan?eii? i?aeaioiaee iaeaooiueiai
a/eoaey // Iaoa??aee OL iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a Aieeinueeiai
aea?aeoi?aa?neoaoo. – Eooeuee, 1994. – *.3. – N.106-107.
22. Aonae I.I. Nooiaiaaa ina?oa ia iaaeaaia?/iiio oaeoeueoao? //
Iaoa??aee XLI iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe?? i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai
neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a Aieeinueeiai aea?aeoi?aa?neoaoo. – Eooeuee,1995. –
*.??. – N.76-77.
23. Aonae I.I., Eyooe E.I. I?iaeaie canoinoaaiiy ciai?oiuei?
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? a oeie? // Iaoa??aee OL? iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a Aieeinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Eooeuee, 1995. – *.??. – N.131.
24. Aonae I.I. A.E. Ei?eiaanueeith ?icaeoie oaaae iieiaeoeo oeiey??a
a?iiac?eieo eean?a // Iaoa??aee OL?? iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo ? nooaeaio?a Aieeinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. Ean? Oe?a?iee. – Eooeuee,1996. – *.?? –
N.77.
25. Aonae I.I. Ni?yiiaai?noue aeeaeaeoe/ieo ee?oeiie o?ieo ia ??aaiue
canai?iiy // Iia? iaaeaaia?/i? oaoiieia??: i?iaeaie ? iiooee (iaoa??aee
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ii? eiioa?aioe??). – Eooeuee, 1996 – N.4-7.
Aonae I.I. Oai??y ? oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy iaeaooi?o
o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a. – ?oeiien
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a iaaeaaia?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 13.00.01 – oai??y oa ?noi??y iaaeaaia?ee. –
Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaeaaia?/iee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa, Ee?a,
1999.
Aeena?oaoe?y ai?uo? aeine?aeaeaiiy oai?aoe/ieo oa oaoiieia?/ieo /eiiee?a
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaa/aiiy o aeuiio caeeaae? ina?oe. Aeiaaaeaii
aeooaeuei?noue ooieoe?iioaaiiy aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo i?ioean?a o iaaeao
?ioaa?aoe?eieo oa?aeoa?enoee, ye? i?iyaeythoueny o iiaoaeia? nenoaie
aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee oa oe?e?niino? eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e ci?noo
iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo aeenoeeie?ie.
Aecia/aii iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae iiaeae? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy a
i?ioean? aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a oa
aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??aii aoaeoeai?noue ?? ooieoe?iioaaiiy o aeuiio
caeeaae? ina?oe. I?aeoe/ia ao?eaiiy oai?aoe/ii? iiaeae?
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai iaa/aiiy cae?enith?oueny oeyoii aa??aoeaiiai
caaacia/aiiy iioeaaoe?eii-oe?eueiaiai (a?eueiee aea?? nooaeaioii
?iaeea?aeoaeueii? o?a?eoi??? iaa/aiiy, noeioethaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaii?
ae?yeueiino?), ci?noiaiai (eia?/ia no?oeoo?oaaiiy ci?noo iaa/aeueiiai
iaoa??aeo), i?ioeanoaeueiiai (iiaeoeueii-aei/iee niin?a canai?iiy
eia?/ii? no?oeoo?e) oa eiio?ieueii-?aaoethth/iai (?aeoeiaiaa ioe?iea ca
??aiyie canai?iiy) eiiiiiaio?a iaa/aiiy. Oaoiieia?y aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai
iaa/aiiy iieno?oueny ia i?eeeaae? caaacia/aiiy aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee
iaeaooi?o o/eoae?a ii/aoeiaeo eean?a ca oacaie oa aoaiaie ?? i?io?eaiiy.
E?euee?niee oa ye?niee aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? aenia?eiaioaeueiiai iaa/aiiy
aeicaiey? noaa?aeaeoaaoe eiai iiceoeaiee aieea ia oi?ioaaiiy
??cii??aiaaeo aeeaeaeoe/ieo ciaiue oa oi?iue nooaeaio?a, ?icaeoie ?oi?o
iaaeaaia?/ieo oai?/eo cae?aiinoae.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: aeeoa?aioe?eiaaia iaa/aiiy, oaoiieia?y iaa/aiiy, ??ai?
canai?iiy iaa/aeueiiai iaoa??aeo, ??cii??aiaa? caaaeaiiy, ?ioaa?aoe?y
aeenoeeie?i aeeaeaeoe/ii? i?aeaioiaee, aeeaeaeoe/ia i?aeaioiaea.
Aonae I.I. Oai?ey e oaoiieiaey aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiiai iao/aiey aoaeoueo
o/eoaeae ia/aeueiuo eeannia. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a iaaeaaiae/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 13.00.01 – oai?ey e enoi?ey iaaeaaiaeee. –
Iaoeeiiaeueiue iaaeaaiae/aneee oieaa?neoao eiaie I.I. Ae?aaiiaiiaa,
Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey i?aaenoaaeyao enneaaeiaaiey oai?aoe/aneeo e
oaoiieiae/aneeo iaoaieciia aeeooa?aioeeaoeee iao/aiey a aunoai o/aaiii
caaaaeaiee. Aeieacaia aeooaeueiinoue ooieoeeiie?iaaiey
aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiuo i?ioeannia a i?aaeaeao eioaa?aoeeiiiuo
oa?aeoa?enoee, eioi?ua i?iyaeythony a iino?iaiee nenoaiu aeeaeaeoe/aneie
iiaeaioiaee e oeaeinoiinoe eiae/aneie no?oeoo?u niaea?aeaiey o/aaiiai
iaoa?eaea aeenoeeieeiu.
Ii?aaeaeaiu iaoiaeieiae/aneea iniiau iiaeaee aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiiai
iao/aiey a i?ioeanna aeeaeaeoe/aneie iiaeaioiaee o/eoaeae ia/aeueiuo
eeannia e yenia?eiaioaeueii i?iaa?aii yooaeoeaiinoue a?
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a aunoai o/aaiii caaaaeaiee. I?aeoe/aneia aiaae?aiea
oai?aoe/aneie iiaeaee aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiiai iao/aiey inouanoaeyaony
ioo?i aa?eaoeaiiai iaania/aiey iioeaaoeeiiii-oeaeaaiai (naiaiaeiue auai?
nooaeaioii eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie o?aaeoi?ee iao/aiey, noeioee?iaaiey
i?iaeoeoeaiie aeayoaeueiinoe), niaea?aeaoaeueiiai (eiae/aneia
no?oeoo?e?iaaiea niaea?aeaiey o/aaiiai iaoa?eaea), i?ioeannoaeueiiai
(iiaeoeueii-aei/iue niinia onaiaiey eiae/aneie no?oeoo?u) e
eiio?ieueii-?aaoee?othuaai (?aeoeiaiaay ioeaiea ii o?iaiyo onaiaiey)
eiiiiiaioia iao/aiey. Oaoiieiaey aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiiai iao/aiey
iienuaaaony ia i?eia?a iaania/aiey aeeaeaeoe/aneie iiaeaioiaee aoaeoueo
o/eoaeae ia/aeueiuo eeannia ca oacaie e yoaiaie a? i?ioaeaiey.
Eiee/anoaaiiue e ea/anoaaiiue aiaeec yooaeoeaiinoe yenia?eiaioaeueiiai
iao/aiey iicaieyao ooaa?aeaeaoue i aai iiceoeaiii aeeyiee ia
oi?ie?iaaiee ?aciio?iaiaauo aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ciaiee e oiaiee nooaeaioia,
?acaeoea eo iaaeaaiae/aneeo oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiia iao/aiea, oaoiieiaey iao/aiey,
o?iaie onaiaiey o/aaiiai iaoa?eaea, ?aciio?iaiaaua caaeaiey, eioaa?aoeey
aeenoeeieei aeeaeaeoe/aneie iiaeaioiaee, aeeaeaeoe/aneay iiaeaioiaea.
Gusak P. M. Theory and technology of differentiated education of the
future teachers of primary school. – Manuscript.
Thesis, for gaining of scientific doctor degree of pedagogics by
specialization 13.00.01. – theory and history of Pedagogics. National
Pedagogical University named after M. P. Dragomanov, Kyyiv, 1999.
The author substantiated the urgency of the chosen problem, presented
its historico-pedagogical condition, determined aim, object, subject,
hypothesis and tasks of the thesis.
A great attention is paid in the scientific work to the analysis of the
notion “differentiation of education” and adjoining with it notions,
such as individualization and personalization of education. Gusak P.M.
has characterized the experience of embodiment of differentiation of
educational process in higher schools abroad, has analysed different
positions of taking into account individual-typological special features
of students in the process of differentiated education, and has
determined the main qualities of future teachers of primary schools,
which cause the effectiveness of differentiated education in the process
of didactic training.
The methodological basis (foundation) of the scientific understanding of
the problem of “differentiation of education” are main principles of our
scientists-classics of native and for ign psychologo-pedagogical science
about personal and differentiated approaches to students and system,
technological approaches to their study. Gusak P.M. determined the
technology of differentiated education as organization of educational
process on the basis of taking into account individual-typological
feachers of students, which ensure the formulation of individual style
of future teachers activity.
A special attention in the thesis is paid to the analysis of modern
technologies of education, the positions of which are used in the
differentiated education, such as module-rating technology and others.
Didactic training of future teachers is shown in the work, as main
factor of their professional-pedagogical formation. Different approaches
to the ensurance of the didactic training by means of learning different
subjects and their integration are described in the thesis.
The author of the scientific work has analysed the attitude of teachers
and students to the prosess of didactic training in the higher
educational establishments and has determined the intensive way of the
organization of differentiated (education) training in the course of
didactic training of future teachers of the primary school.
The author of the thesis proposed the theoretical model of
differentiated training, revealed the didactic training in the system of
psychologo-pedagogical subjects, described different approaches to the
classification of differentiated tasks, showed the practical mechanisms
of their usage in the process of didactic training of future teachers of
the primary school. The practical embodiment of the theoretical model of
differentiated training is realized by means of content (logical
structuring of the content of educational material), process
(module-block method of mastering logical structure) and
control-regulate (rating evaluation according to levels of mastering)
components of training. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of
effectiveness of the given experimental training gives us opportunity to
confirm its positive influence on the formation of didactic knowledge
and skills of students, and the development of their creative abilities.
Key words: differentiated training, technology, technology of education,
levels of mastering the training material, tasks of different levels,
integration of the subjects of didactic training, didactic training.
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