IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE
?INOEOOO AAIEIA?? ? AAIO?I?? AI?TH*EO EIIAEEI
O a ae i ? e o e i Ae i e o ? i Ae i e o ? i a e /
OAeE 553.981:550.836
Oai?aoeei-aenia?eiaioaeuei? iniiae iao?io?ce/ii? oa aaio?ce/ii?
ae?aaiinoeee oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ii??ae-eieaeoi??a iaooe ? aaco (ia
i?eeeaae? Ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe??)
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 04.00.17 — Aaieia?y iaooe ? aaco
04.00.22 — Aaio?ceea
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
aeieoi?a aaieia?/ieo iaoe
Euea?a — 1999 ?.
Aeena?oaoe?y ? ?oeiienii
Aeena?oaoe?y aeeiiaia a ?aaii-O?aie?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
iaooe ? aaco, I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe, Inaae/ee A?oae?e A?eai?iae/,
?inoeooo aaieia?? ? aaio?i?? ai?th/eo eiiaee IAIO, i. Euea?a, aieiaiee
iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
aeieoi? aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe, Eoe?i Ieaenaiae? THoeiiae/,
?inoeooo aaieia?/ieo iaoe IAIO, i. Ee?a, caa. a?aeae?eo e?oieia??
iaooiaaciiinieo ? ?oaeiiinieo oi?iaoe?e
aeieoi? aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe, Eo?aainueeee Aaea??e Ieeeoiae/,
Iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao ?i. O.Oaa/aiea, I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie,
i. Ee?a, i?ioani? eaoaae?e aaio?ceee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Oe?a?inueeee aea?aeaaiee aaieiai?ica?aeoaaeueiee
?inoeooo, Aea?aeeiiaaieia?? Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e aaio?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, a?aeae?e ieanoiaeo nenoai, i. Euea?a
Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny 4 eenoiiaaea 1999?. i 14
aiae. ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? ?aaee Ae 35.152.01 i?e ?inoeooo?
aaieia?? ? aaio?i?? ai?th/eo eiiaeei IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith:
2900053 i.Euea?a, aoe. Iaoeiaa 3a.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? ?AAAE AI Oe?a?ie.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 1 aeiaoiy 1999?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,
eaiaeeaeao aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe
I.A.Oiae?anueea
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie iia’ycaia c iiooeaie aaco a aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao
?c oiieii?ioa?eiaith aoaeiaith. Neeaaei?noue aea/aiiy oaeeo ?ic??c?a o
?aeiiao aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio oa ?ioeo
iaooiaaciiinieo ?a??iiao coiiaeaia ia?aoa?oaaiiyi aeeienoeo, i?uaienoeo,
aeaa?ie?oiaeo, a?a?e?oiaeo e?oioei?a c ??ciith iao?io?ce/iith oa
aaio?ce/iith oa?aeoa?enoeeaie. I?iaeaia aeae?eaiiy eieaeoi??a,
aecia/aiiy ?o eieaeoi?nueeeo ia?aiao??a, ioe?iee oa?aeoa?o
oeth?aeiiane/aiiy, e?oieia?/iiai ?ic/eaioaaiiy neeaaeieo aaieia?/ieo
?ic??c?a i?eaa?oa? iino?eii oaaao iaoeiaoe?a oa niaoe?ae?no?a.
Aiaeii/an, iaaeineiiae?noue iaoiaeee aea/aiiy eieaeoi?nueeeo
aeanoeainoae ii??ae-eieaeoi??a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a, iaaeinoaoiy
?ioi?iaoeai?noue aaio?ce/ieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy naa?aeeiaei,
a?aenooi?noue iiaeo iaoiaeee oa iaoiae?a coiiaeei oa, ui o?aaeeoe?eiee
i?aeo?ae aei aea/aiiy oaeiai oeio ii??ae ? ?ic??c?a, ia aeaa aaaeaieo
?acoeueoao?a. Cia/ia e?euee?noue i?iaeoeoeaieo ieano?a ia aeae?eyeanue,
ia aeinoia??ii ioe?ithaaany oa?aeoa? iane/aiiy ieano?a ?, ye iane?aeie,
cia/ia e?euee?noue iaooiaaciai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia aeeo/aeanue.
Iiyaa iiaeo yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a ? canoinoaaiiy ?o o i?ioean?
aaieiai?ica?aeoaaeueieo ?ia?o, aeicaiey? i?aeaeueoe ?ioi?iaoeai?noue
ae??oaiiy aaieia?/ieo caaea/, ii-iiaiio i?ae?eoe aei aea/aiiy
e?oieiai-iao?io?ce/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee ii??ae, ye? aeiiaiththoue
oiieii?ioa?eia? ?ic??ce.
Caeeoa?oueny iaae??oaiith, aea iaaecae/aeii aeooaeueiith, i?iaeaia
?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a, a oaeiae i?iaeaia a?aooaaiiy aieeao
i?ia?aeia?/iiai neeaaeo ii??ae ia ?o o?ce/i? ia?aiao?e.
?ic?iaea oai?aoe/ieo iniia ? ia??oiooaaiiy aieeao naa?aeeiaeiieo
oaeoi??a ia iieace yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a, noai?aiiy iao?io?ce/ii?
aace aeey ioe?iee ?ii?nii-o?eueo?aoe?eieo ia?aiao??a ii??ae-eieaeoi??a
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a aaieiai-iiooeia? ?iaioe
iiaeo iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii aeae?eaiith i?iaeoeoeaieo ieano?a,
aeicaieeoue i?aeaeueoe ?ioi?iaoeai?noue aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue a Ea?iaonuee?e iaooiaaciiini?e i?ia?ioe??.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie oa oaiaie. Ia?aiee iai?yi
aeine?aeaeaiue ??oioo?oueny ia ?acoeueoaoao aaaaoi??/ieo
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o ii oai? “Eiiieaenia aea/aiiy eieaeoi??a
iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu Ia?aaeea?iaooy.”, ye? i?iaiaeeeenue a ?aieao
aaeocaai? iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? eaai?aoi??? (AIAeE-6) ?inoeoooo
iaooiaaciaeo oaoiieia?e ?aaii-O?aie?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo iaooe ? aaco ia i?ioyc? 1981-1997??. ?c AeI
“Aea?aeeiiaaieia?y”, AeAI “Oe?aaio?ceea”, AeAI “Cao?aeoe?aaieia?y”, AeAI
“*i?iiii?iaooiaac” oa Oi?aae?iiyi aaieia?/ieo ?ia?o i. Iieoaaa i?ae
aaciina?aaei?i ea??aieoeoaii aaoi?a.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue. I?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? oa
?ioi?iaoeaiino? aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
?ic??c?a ca ?aooiie ?ic?iaee oai?aoe/ieo oa iaoiaee/ieo iniia
eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei aea/aiiy e?oieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ii? aoaeiae
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a oa aecia/aiiy ?o eieaeoi?nueeeo aeanoeainoae.
Iniiai? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue:
1.Aeine?aeeoe iniaeeaino? i?ia?aeia?/iiai neeaaeo ii??ae-eieaeoi??a
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a ? oa?aeoa?o ?iciiae?eo a ieo ?aae?iaeoeaieo
i?ia?ae?a.
2.Anoaiiaeoe caeiiii??iino? ?iciiae?eo i?e?iaeieo ?aae?iaeoeaieo
?cioii?a o ii?iaeao-eieaeoi?ao i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a.
3.Ioe?ieoe aieea oiia ?ice?eooy i?iaeoeoeaieo ii??ae ia ?acoeueoaoe
aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
4.Aeeiiaoe aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao oa?iiaa?e/ieo oiia ia
?ii?nii-o?eueo?aoe?ei? ia?aiao?e c?ace?a ea?io c iaoith noai?aiiy ia ?o
iniia? iiaeo aoaeoeaieo iaoiaeee i?aeaeuaiiy ?ioi?iaoeaiino?
aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
5.Oai?aoe/ii ia??oiooaaoe ? ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii
aeei?enoaiith aaaaoiciiaeiaiai iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo (AIE) aeey
aecia/aiiy ?ii?nieo ia?aiao??a ii??ae-eieaeoi??a.
6.Aeine?aeeoe iiaeeeaino? aeei?enoaiiy yaea?ii-iaai?oieo oa
aaia-niaeo?iiao?e/ieo iaoiae?a aeey ae??oaiiy caaea/ e?oieia?/iiai
?ic/eaioaaiiy oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a, ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeee
aecia/aiiy iniiaieo ?ii?nii-o?eueo?aoe?eieo ia?aiao??a
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a.
7.?ic?iaeoe aeai?eoie ?ic?aooie?a i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoeue ieano?a
oa niiniae i?i?i?caoe?? iiieeee ?o aecia/aiiy a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao.
Oaeoe/iee iaoa??ae ? iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. A iniiao ?iaioe
iieeaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue ? niinoa?aaeaiue, ye? aaoi?
i?iaiaeea c 1981?., i?aoethth/e ia ??cieo iaoeiaeo iinaaeao ia eaoaae??
aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue naa?aeeiaei ?aaii-O?aie?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo iaooe ? aaco, a oiio /ene? ?? caa?aeoaa/ai. A
?acoeueoao? ocaaaeueiaiiy oa aiae?co aeaieo iieueiaeo oa eaai?aoi?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a o aaoi?a neeaeanue
iniaenoa aeoiea i?i oi?ioaaiiy oa i?ia?aeia?/iee neeaae ii??ae, a oaeiae
uiaei iaoiaeee oa oaoiieia?e ?o aeine?aeaeaiue. Aaoi?ii aeey aaieia?/ieo
iiaoaeia aeei?enoaii iaoa??aee ??cieo ae?iaie/eo ? iaoeiaeo
i?aai?caoe?e, ye AeAI “Cao?aeoe?aaieia?y”, AeAI “Oe?aaio?ceea”, AeI
“Aea?aeeiiaaieia?y” oa ?ioeo.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe.
Aia?oa aeey oiieii?ioa?eiaeo i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu
?ic?iaeaii ? cai?iiiiiaaii ?o eeaneo?eaoe?th, yea aaco?oueny ia
?acoeueoaoao eiiieaenieo iao?ia?ao?/ieo ? aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue c aeei?enoaiiyi yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a.
Ia??oioiaaii oa aeieacaii aeinoia??i?noue aeae?eaiiy i?uaieo i?ioa?e?a
o oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??cao i?ioeaio oa i?iaaaeaii
e?oieiai-no?aoea?ao?/io ei?aeyoe?th ca aeaieie yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo
iaoiae?a.
Anoaiiaeaii aaaaoii??i? aca?iica’ycee i?ae ci?iith o?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a oa ?o ?ioi?iaoe?eiith
oa?aeoa?enoeeith ca aeaieie AAeN.
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino?
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a o oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao ca
?acoeueoaoaie aeonoe/iiai oa ?aae?iaeoeaiiai ea?ioaaeo.
?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy iaae ieano?a o
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??cao oa i?i?i?caoe?? iioeaee ?o aecia/aiiy ca
aeaieie ?aae?iaeoeaieo iaoiae?a.
Aia?oa ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo aaee/eie aieeao aeeooc?eieo oa
oiia?eueithth/eo oaeoi??a na?aaeiaeua ia ?acoeueoaoe iaeo?iiiiai
ea?ioaaeo.
Ia??oioiaaia ? aeiaaaeaia aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue i?e aea/aii? ?ii?nii? oa e?oieiai-iao?ia?ao?/ii?
oa?aeoa?enoeee ii??ae-eieaeoi??a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a
A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie, ui aeicaieeei aeyaeoe i?iiouai? a ieo iieeaaee
aaco.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ye? caoeuathoueny.
1. Iniaeeaino? i?ia?aeueiiai neeaaeo e?oioei?a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a
iaoiiaeththoue ?iciiae?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo aeaiaio?a o oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
?ic??cao, ui aeei?enoaii aeey ?o eeaneo?eaoe?? ca ?acoeueoaoaie
eiiieaenieo iao?ia?ao?/ieo oa aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
2. Aaaaoii??i?noue aca?iica’yce?a i?ae iao?io?ce/ieie ? aaio?ce/ieie
(yaea?ii-o?ce/ieie, yaea?ii-iaai?oieie oa ?ioeie) ia?aiao?aie
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a ? iniiaith iaoiaeee aecia/aiiy aoaeoeaieo oiauei,
eiao?oe??io?a ii?enoino? ? aaciiane/aiiino? i?e i?ae?aooieo caian?a
aaco.
3. Oai?aoe/ii ia??oioiaai? oa noai?ai? aeai?eoie aecia/aiiy iaae ieano?a
o oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??cao ? i?i?i?caoe?? iioeaie ?o aecia/aiiy oa
ioe?iee aieeao aeeooc?eieo ? oiia?eueithth/eo oaeoi??a ia ?acoeueoaoe
iaeo?iiieo iaoiae?a.
4. Iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy ?ii?nii-o?eueo?aoe?eieo ia?aiao??a
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a ca ?acoeueoaoaie
yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo ? yaea?ii-iaai?oieo iaoiae?a, ye? aacothoueny ia
iaeo?iiieo aeanoeainoyo ii??ae, caeiiii??iinoyo ?iciiae?eo a ieo
i?e?iaeieo ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a ? oa?aeoa?? ?o oeth?aeiiane/aiiy.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeicaieythoue cia/ii i?aeaeueoe aoaeoeai?noue
aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu ?c oiieii?ioa?eiaith
aaieia?/iith aoaeiaith ?ic??co.
Oai?aoe/ia ia??oiooaaiiy ? i?aeoe/ia aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeee oa oaoiieia?e
aeine?aeaeaiue o naa?aeeiaeiao aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu ?c oiieii?ioa?eiaith
aaieia?/iith aoaeiaith aeicaieeoue a?eueo aoaeoeai?oa ioe?ieoe
ia?niaeoeae aaciiiniino? i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a, aeyaeoe aeiaeaoeia?
iiooeia? ia’?eoe, ui aeanoue ciiao aeinyaoe cia/iiai i?e?inoo caian?a
aaco. Iaoiaeeee aei?iaoaai? i?e inai?ii? na?iaonueeeo oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
aaciiinieo ?ic??c?a Ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe??.
Anoaiiaeai? aca?iica’ycee i?ae iao?io?ce/ieie ia?aiao?aie i?ioeaiiaeo
a?aeeeaae?a oa aaio?ce/ieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie aeei?enoiaothoueny
ae?iaie/eie i?aai?caoe?yie AeI “Aea?aeeiiaaieia?y”, AeAI “Oe?aaio?ceea”,
AeAI “Cao?aeoe?aaieia?y”, Ea?iaonueeei
oi?aae?iiyi aaio?ce/ieo ?ia?o, ? AeAI “*i?iiii?iaooiaac”.
I?aeoe/ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeacaieo ?ic?iaie i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny
a?aeiia?aeieie aeieoiaioaie. Aeeeaaeaiee a ?iaio? iaoa??ae oaeiae
aeei?enoiao?oueny a iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? aaieiai?ica?aeoaaeueiiai
oaeoeueoaoo ?aaii-O?aie?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
iaooe ? aaco.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eieo aeine?aeaeaiue
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia IV Ananithci?e eiioa?aioe?? “Eieeaeoi?u iaooe e aaca
ia aieueoeo aeoaeiao”, i. Iineaa 1982?., “Eieeaeoi?u iaooe e aaca ia
aieueoeo aeoaeiao”, i. Iineaa 1983?., V Ananithciiio nai?ia??
“Iaooaaaciia?aciaaiea ia aieueoeo aeoaeiao”, i. ?aaii-O?aie?anuee
1986?., Iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e Ananithci?e eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaiu e
ia?niaeoeau yaea?ii-aaioece/aneeo iaoiaeia a eco/aiee neaaaeei”,
i.Iai?inuee 1986?., ?anioae?eainuee?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e Ananithci?e
eiioa?aioe?? “I?iaeaiu onei?aiiiai auyaeaiey iiauo oeiia eiaooae e
?ano?nia iaooe e aaca a Aeiai?iai-Aeiiaoeeie aiaaeeia”, i. *a?i?a?a
1987?.; 2-e Ananithci?e eiioa?aioe?? “Ane?uoea iaooaaaciiiniuo
ieanoia e inaiaiea neaaaeei”, i. ?aaii-O?aie?anuee 1988?.,
?anioae?eainuee?e iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aei?acaaaeea
yenieoaoe?oaiuo iaooaaaciauo ianoi?iaeaeaiee Oe?aeineie NN? —
aeiiieieoaeueiue enoi/iee oaaee/aiey ?ano?nia oaeaaiaei?iaeiiai nu?uey”
i. Oa?e?a 1990?., Ia?aae?-nai?ia?? c i?iaeai aaieiai?ica?aeoaaeueieo ?
aeaeiaoaieo ?ia?o o Cao?aeiiio ?a??ii? Oe?a?ie, i.
?aaii-O?aie?anuee 1992?., Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Noai,
i?iaeaie ? ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo iaooiaaciaiai eiiieaeno Cao?aeiiai
?a??iio Oe?a?ie”, i. Euea?a 1995?., Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe??
“?acoeueoaoe ? ia?niaeoeae aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue o Cao?aeiiio
?a??ii? Oe?a?ie”, i. Euea?a 1998?.
Ia’?i ?iaioe.
Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 6 ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae e?oa?aoo?e. Oaeno aeeeaaeaii ia 262 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, ?ethno?aoe?? neeaaeathoue 35 ?enoie?a, 10
oaaeeoeue. Nienie e?oa?aoo?e i?noeoue 208 iaeiaioaaiue. Aeneiaethth ue?o
iiaeyeo caa?aeoaa/o eaoaae?e aaieia?? oa ?ica?aeee iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu, aeieoi?o aaie.-i?ia?ae. iaoe, i?ioani?o Ia?anueeiio A.E.,
aeieoi?o aaie.-i?ia?ae. iaoe, i?ioani?o Aoiueoe? I.I., aeieoi?o
aaie.-i?ia?ae. iaoe, i?ioani?o A?ia?o ?.O., aeieoi?o aaaie.-i?ia?ae.
iaoe, i?ioani?o I?eiao I.I., eaiae. aaie.-i?ia?ae. iaoe, aeioeaioo
eaoaae?e aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue naa?aeeiaei A?eoeeoeio A.?.,
i?ioani?o eaoaae?e iieueiai? iaooiaaciai? aaio?ceee Noaiaitheo A.I.,
aeioeaioo eaoaae?e aaieia?? oa ?ica?aeee iaooe ? aaco Eiceinueeiio I.?.,
caa?aeoaa/o a?aeae?eii yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a o?ceei-iaoai?/iiai
?inoeoooo IAI Oe?a?ie, eaiaeeaeaoo aaieiai-i?ia?aeia?/ieo iaoe Oaaei??ao
?.O. Ii?aaee oa caoaaaeaiiy c ie?aieo i?iaeai, ye? ?icaeyaeaeenue a
aeena?oaoe??, aoee c?iaeai? aieiaiei aaieiaii ?aaii-O?aie?anueei? AAAeN
eaiae. aaie.-i?i. iaoe Aeiaa?aei A.?., aieiaiei aaieiaii
“I?eea?iaoi?iiaaio?ceee” Aea?aeeii ss.A., ia/aeueieeii aaieia?/iiai
a?aeae?eo eaiae. aaie.-i?i. iaoe Aaoe/ai ?.I., no. aaio?ceeai Oia?eeii
A.?., Eeaeci?ii ?.E. ca ui ?i aaoi? ue?i aaey/iee.
Aeyeoth eieaaai-aaieiaai Oe?AeA??, AeAI “Oe?aaio?ceea”, AeAI
“Cao?aeoe?aaieia?y” caaaeyee aaeee?e aeiiiiic? oa o/ano? yeeo aoee
i?iaaaeai? iaoo?aeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy oa niinoa?aaeaiiy.
C i ? n o ? i a i o e
1 i?iaeaie aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a
a oiiaao ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe??
1.1 Aaieia?/i?, aaio?ce/i? oa oaoiieia?/i? oiiae aea/aiiy
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu
I?iaeaia aea/aiiy oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a ca iaoa??aeaie
aaieiai-oaoiieia?/iiai eiio?ieth ? aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue
naa?aeeiaei caaaeaee aoea aeooaeueiith ? i?eaa?oaea oaaao oao?aoe?a
iaooiaaciaiai i?io?eth.
Oiiae ?ice?eooy i?iaeoeoeaieo ai?eciio?a neeaaeiiiiaoaeiaaieo eieaeoi??a
??ci? ? coiiaeai? ye aaieia?/ieie oaeoi?aie oi?ioaaiiy ?ic??co, oae ?
oaoi?/iei neeaaeii i?iieaieo ??aeei, ye? canoiniaothoueny i?e ao??ii?.
Aeei?enoaiiy i?iieaieo ??aeei ??ciiai o?i?/iiai neeaaeo i?eaiaeeoue aei
?oeioaaiiy no?iie naa?aeeiaei /a?ac ?iciea neaaicoeaiaioiaaieo ii??ae,
ooai?aiiy cii eaeueiaoaoe??, caeoii?ee i?iieeieo ieano?a.
Ooiaeaiaioaeueieie oai?aoe/ieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie oa aenia?eiaioaeueieie
?iaioaie ii aeyaeaiith aca?iica’yce?a o?ce/ieo iie?a ?c iniaeeainoyie
aaieia?/ii? aoaeiae ?ic??c?a oa eieaeoi?nueeeie aeanoeainoyie
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a caeiaeiny aaaaoi iaoeiaoe?a oa a/aieo, cie?aia: A?iae
?.I., Aiiaea?oe N.TH., Ie?ioie/aiei A.I., A?eion I.O., ?cioiaa O.N.,
A?eoeeoei A.?. oa ?io?.
O?ce/i? ia?aaeoiiae aieeao i?iieaieo ??aeei ia aaee/eio ?ioi?iaoeaii?
oa?aeoa?enoeee aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue a naa?aeeiaeiao iaooiaaciaeo
?iaeiaeu cao?aeiiai ?a??iio Oe?a?ie ianooii?.
A A?eue/a-Aieeoeuee?e oa Ai?eneaanueei-Iieoonuee?e ciiao
Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio aeei?enoiaothoueny oae? i?iieai? ??aeeie:
1) cae/aeiee aeeienoee ?ic/ei aac aeiaeaaaiiy iaooe ? iaooii?iaeoeo?a;
2) i?yi? aioeuen??(IA);
3) iaooiaioeuen?ei? ?ic/eie.
sse?noue ?ice?eooy i?iaeoeoeaieo ieano?a, a oaeiae ?icao?thaaiiy
ia?niaeoeaieo ai?eciio?a caeaaeeoue a?ae noaa?eueiino? i?iieaii? ??aeeie
oa ?? aiaeia?aeaea/?. C iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ?ice?eooy ii??ae
eieaeoi??a i?iieaia ??aeeia noaa?e?co?oueny o?i?/ieie ?aaaaioaie. A
iniiaiiio, oea aoaeaeoaeiee ?aaaaio, a?ae?ie?ciaaiee iie?e?eeii?o??e
(a?iai), eiiaeainiaaia noeueo?o-nie?oiaa aa?aea (ENNA), iaeia’yce? ia?ee
iao???ai? ea?aieneeiaoeeoeaetheice. Aeiaeaaaiiy aeua ia?a?aoiaaieo
o?i?aaaaio?a aei neaai i?ia?ae?ciaaieo i?iieaieo ??aeei i?ecaiaeyoue aei
ciaioaiiy ?o ieoiiiai aeaeo?e/iiai iii?o (r?), a oie aea /an aeiaaaee
o?i?aaaaio?a aei aenieii?ia?ae?ciaaieo ?ic/ei?a i?aeoe/ii ia ci?iththoue
aaee/eio r?. Cia/ia e?euee?noue aeine?aeiee?a Oaie?i Ae.A.,
Aaiaeaeueooaei A.TH., Eia?aiiaa A.I. aaaaea?, ui ooai?aiiy i?e?iaeieo
iioaioe?ae?a naii/eiii? iiey?ecaoe?? a ie?aieo e?oioeiao aecia/a?oueny,
a iniiaiiio, aeeooc?eii-aaeni?aoe?eiei iioaioe?aeii, aaee/eia yeiai a
a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a coiiaeaia eiao?oe??ioii ia’?iii? aeeienoino?.
Iaeiae, ia iao iiaeyae, cia/io ?ieue o oa?aeoa?? e?eai? IN a?ae?a?athoue
oaeoi?e, ye? ia a?aeiinyoueny aei oa?aeoa?enoee aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a
naa?aeeiaei, a naia: neeaae ao?iaiai ?ic/eio, noai no?iie naa?aeeiaei,
/an i?ae iiiaioii ?ice?eooy ieanoa oa i?iaaaeaiiy cai???a iioaioe?ae?a
IN. Iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui iaea?eueo a?ae’?ii? cia/aiiy naii/eiieo
iioaioe?ae?a a?aeiia?aeathoue ?ic/eiai, ye? ai?uothoue NaCl. Cia/ii
iaio? cia/aiiy ci?ie iioaioe?aeo IN niinoa??aathoueny i?e aeei?enoaii?
i?iieaieo ??aeei, ye? ia?iaeai? ea?aieneeiaoeeoeaetheicith (EIOe). Ci?ia
ciaeo iioaioe?aeo IN ia aeiaeaoi?e oa eiai ??no a?aei?/aii a ?ic/eiao, a
yeeo i?enooi? a?iai oa ENNA.
I?e aea/aii? aieeao aaieia?/ieo e?oioei?a ia ci?io iioaioe?aeo IN iaie
a?aei?/aii, ui aaee/eia aiie?ooaee iioaioe?aeo naii/eiii? iiey?ecaoe?? a
e?i?ei?e caeaaeiino? ci?ith?oueny a?ae aaee/eie eiao?oe??ioa
aaeni?aoe?eii-aeeooc?eii? aeoeaiino? ii??ae ? a iaio?e i??? ci?ith?oueny
a?ae ieenii-a?aeiiaiiai oa o?eueo?aoe?eiiai iioaioe?ae?a. A.?.
A?eoeeoeiei oa ?i. anoaiiaeaii, ui ?c ca?eueoaiiyi eoaeiino? i?iieaieo
??aeei c?inoathoue aeeooc?eii-aaeni?aoe?ei? iioaioe?aee aeei ? iaeaea ia
ci?ith?oueny aeeooc?eii-aaeni?aoe?eiee iioaioe?ae i?neiaee?a.
Ca?eueoaiiy a ao?iaiio ?ic/ei? eiioeaio?aoe?? EIOe-60 i?ecaiaeeoue aei
oaeeo aea ci?i aaeni?aoe?eii-aeeooc?eieo iioaioe?ae?a, ui e ca?eueoaiiy
eiioeaio?aoe?? nie? NaCl. I?e aaeeeeo cia/aiiyo a?aeiioaiiy r1/r2>1 ?c
ca?eueoaiiyi ieoiiiai iii?o ?ic/eio ENNA aaee/eia
aeeooc?eii-aaeni?aoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo nii/aoeo ??cei iaaea?, a iio?i
noaa?e?co?oueny. I?e iaeeo a?aeiioaiiyo r1/r2? ??u???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
?A???&??yyyy?????Ay¤y?$???&??MathType??
[email protected]??????aea P — ia?aiao? ii?enoino?; r — eiao?oe??io ia?ii?
ei?aeyoe??;
Ki — eiao?oe??io ii?enoino?.
, (3)
aea Dt — ?ioa?aaeueiee /an i?ia?ao iiacaeiaaeiuei? oeueo?acaoeiai?
oaee?;
DJg— iiaea?eiee ??cieoeaaee ia?aiao?.
wmetafile8? ??¬???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
? ???&??yyyy?????Aycy`"???&??MathType??
[email protected]??????aea Kac — eiao?oe??io caeeoeiai? aiaeiiane/aiino?.
?c i?eaaaeaieo ??aiyiue ?aa?an?? aeaeii, ui iniaeea?noue aaieia?/ii?
aoaeiae, a naia oiieii?ioa?eia?noue ?ic??c?a, iaoiiaeth? eiiieaeniee
i?aeo?ae aei aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? ii??ae-eieaeoi??a.
Aiae?coth/e iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe eaai?aoi?ieo aei??thaaiue
iao?io?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a c?ace?a ea?io i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a, iaie
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeee aeey aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? ?c
aeei?enoaiiyi aeonoe/ieo oa yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue
naa?aeeiaei.
3.3 IAOIAeEEA AECIA*AIIss II?ENOINO? II??Ae OIIEII?IOA?EIAEO ?IC??C?A CA
AeAIEIE AEONOE*IIAI, ?AAe?IAEOEAIIAI OA AEAEO?E*IIAI EA?IOAAE?A
A oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao aeieeathoue o?oaeiiu? i?e
aecia/aii? eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiae?a AAeN.
Aeei?enoaiiy aeaiaei??ii? caeaaeiino? oeio DT=f(Ki) ia caaaeaee
aeicaiey? io?eiaoe aeinoia??io ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i ii?eno?noue ii??ae.
Iiynith?oueny oea oei, ui ia oaeaee?noue ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
iiacaeiaaeiuei? oeueo?acaoeiai? oaee? aoaea cia/ii aieeaaoe oa?oaaoa
aeeieno?noue, a oaeiae ieanoiaa aaciiane/ai?noue, ui ia a?aoiao?oueny
i?e aeei?enoaii? aeuaaeacaii? caeaaeiino?. C iaoith a?aooaaiiy aieeao
aeeienoino? ia iieace aeonoe/ieo iaoiae?a, iaie anoaiiaeaia caeaaei?noue
?ioaa?aeueii? ?aae?iaeoeaiino? a?ae aeeienoino?, yea ae?aaeaia
oi?ioeith:
wmetafile8? ??i???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
A`???&??yyyy?????Ay1/2y ???&??MathType???????u—y
????aea Kae — eiao?oe??io ?icn?yii? aeeienoino?.
sse aeaeii ?c oi?ioee (5), oe? aeaa ia?aiao?e iia’ycai? i?ae niaith
neeaaeiith oi?iith ca’yceo, ui na?ae/eoue i?i iaiaeiicia/i?noue aaee/eie
aei??yii? ?ioaa?aeueii? ?aae?iaeoeaiino?. sseui ?icae?eeoe io?eiaio
e?i?th ?aa?an?? ia aea? iaeano?, oi ia ae?eyioe? ci?ie aeeienoino? a?ae
0 aei 15% aeo?eio?oueny e?i?eiee ca’ycie, a a?ae 15% aei 40%
caeaaei?noue ia? neeaaeiee oa?aeoa?.
Aiae?c ci?ie aaee/eie ?ioa?aaeueiiai /ano i?ia?ao iiacaeiaaei?o
eieeaaiue a ii?iaeao c ??ciith aeeieno?noth oa ii?eno?noth iieacaa, ui
aeey eiaeiiai oaeiai e?oioeio i?eoaiaiia o?eueee eiio iao?io?ce/ia
caeaaei?noue. Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, oa ocaaaeueiththth/e io?eiai?
aenia?eiaioaeueiei oeyoii aeai? aeine?aeaeaiue ea?iiaiai iaoa??aeo, iaie
anoaiiaeaia caeaaei?noue i?ae eiao?oe??ioii ii?enoino?, ?ioa?aaeueiei
/anii i?ia?ao oeueo?acaoeiai? oaee? oa ?ioaa?aeueiith ?aae?iaeoeai?noth
DT=f(Ki, DJg).
Aiae?ce ?acoeueoao?a naa?aeeiaeiieo aeine?aeaeaiue iieacaee, ui
oaeaee?noue i?ia?ao oeueo?acaoeiai? oaee? o aiaeiiinieo ieanoao a?eueoa
i?ae o aaciiane/aieo. A ca’yceo c oeei iii?aaea ia ?ioa?aaeueiee /an ca
oi?ioeith I.A?ee? oa A.A?aai?? aoaea iaoe aeaeyae:
wmetafile8? ??a???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
`???&??yyyy?????Ayyy3/4yyy ??^?????&?
[email protected]??????A?aoiaoth/e aeuaaeacai? oaeoi?e aieeao
ii??ae ia oaeaee?noue ?iciianthaeaeaiiy oeueo?acaoeiaeo eieeaaiue, iaie
iiaoaeiaaii iiiia?aio, yea aaco?oueny ia ianooiieo aeo?aeieo aeaieo:
aeeaei? caeyaaiiy ieanoa – H, ?ioa?aaeueiiio /an? i?ia?ao iicaeiaaeiuei?
oeueo?acaoeiai? oaee? iaai?ioe ieanoa – DT, ui caeyaa? ia aeeaei? H,
a?aeiini?e ?ioaineaiino? aaia-aei?ii?ithaaiiy (DJg), ieoiiiio
aeaeo?e/iiio iii?? ieanoa ri oa ieoiiiio aeaeo?e/iiio iii?? ieanoiai?
aiaee ia aeeaei? caeyaaiiy ieanoa (ra).
3.4 Iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy ii?enoino? ii??ae-eieaeoi??a ca aeaieie
aaaaoiciiaeiaiai iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo
Na?aae aaio?ce/ieo iaoiae?a, ca ?acoeueoaoaie yeeo aecia/athoue
ii?eno?noue a??nueeeo ii??ae, iaeo?iii? iaoiaee aeae?eythoueny ?yaeii
ia?aaaa. Ianaiia?aae, a?aeiinii aaeeeith i?iieeath/ith caeaoi?noth
iaeo?iiiiai aei?ii?ithaaiiy, a oaeiae oei, ui ?aae?iiao?e/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy c iaeiaeiaei oni?oii iiaeia i?iaiaeeoe ye a iaianaaeaieo,
oae ? a ianaaeaieo naa?aeeiaeiao iacaeaaeii a?ae iayaiino? ? oa?aeoa?o
caiiaithth/i? ?o ??aeeie.
A noaiaea?oi?e iaoiaeeoe? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a aaaaoiciiaeiaiai
iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo (AIE), ?ic?iaeai?e o AIAe?aai?ioi?inenoai, aieea
naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia ia ?acoeueoaoe aei??thaaiiy ?ic?aoiao?oueny ca
aoaeiiiith caeaaei?noth:
wmetafile8? ?????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
???&??yyyy?????AyTHyath???&[email protected]??????aea
a — iii?aaea ca aieea naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia; w — i?ioeaioiee ai?no aiaeith
a na?aaeiaeu?.
Oaeee niin?a a?aooaaiiy aieeao naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia ia ?acoeueoaoe AIE, a
i?eioeei?, i?/ei ia a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae oaeiai ae o?eueee aeey
iaeiiciiaeiaeo onoaiiaie a aiaeia?/i?e neooaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe , ye? ie
i?e oeueiio io?eio?ii, ? iaiaeiicia/i?, a oiio cia/aiiy ii?enoino?, yeo
ie iaea?aeo?ii, ia a?aeiia?aea? ni?aaaei?e. Caaaeath/e ia aeuaaeacaia,
iaie i?iiiio?oueny iiaee i?aeo?ae aei ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a AIE.
Iaoiaeeea aaco?oueny ia ?aae?caoe?? ia?aaaa aeaiciiaeiaeo iaeo?iiieo
aei??thaaiue a na?aaeiaeu?. Aeey aeeeth/aiiy aieeao aeeooc?eieo oa
oiia?eueithth/eo aeanoeainoae na?aaeiaeua ia aei??thaaio ?ioaineai?noue
oaieiaeo iaeo?ii?a aeei?enoiao?oueny a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a aeaio ciiae?a,
?ici?uaieo ia ??ci?e a?aenoai? a?ae aeaea?aea iaeo?ii?a r ? r+Dr :
. (8)
Ca?a?no?iaaia ?ioaineai?noue iioieo oaieiaeo iaeo?ii?a ?ic?aoiao?oueny
ca oi?ioeith:
,
(9)
aea B — eiao?oe??io, yeeecaeaaeeoue a?ae aeeooc?eieo aeanoeainoae
na?aaeiaeua; L — aeiaaeeia oiia?eueiaiiy iaeo?ii?a a na?aaeiaeu?; Iio —
?ioaineai?noue iioieo oaieiaeo iaeo?ii?a.
I?e ni?eueiiio aeei?enoaii? ae?ac?a 8 oa 9 io?eio?ii a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a
ciiae?a ??cii? aeiaaeeie aeey iaaieo aeeooc?eieo aeanoeainoae
na?aaeiaeua, ye? nooo?ai ci?iththoueny ?c ci?iith oeio ii?iaee,
i?ia?ae?caoe?? i?iieaii? ??aeeie, oeaiaioiiai e?eueoey ? ieanoiai?
aiaee:
wmetafile8? ??e???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
a@???&??yyyy?????Ay1/4y?????&?
?MathType??????u????????????-?????lI?aeoe/ii
oeacae?enith?oueny iiaoaeiaith a?ao?eo caeaaeiino?, ii iaei?e in? yeiai
a?aeeeaaeathoueny iieace aaeeeiai ciiaea a oiiaieo iaeeieoeyo (Iio), a
ii ae?oa?e in? eii?aeeiao — a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a aeaio ciiae?a (ia?aiao?
A). Aeey eiie?aoieo naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia aeeooc?ei? aeanoeaino?
?ic?aoiaothoueny ca oi?ioeith:
. (11)
A?aooaaoe aieea oiia?eueithth/eo aeanoeainoae naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia
aei??thaaiiy ia ?acoeueoaoe AIE, ?ic?aooaaoe ?ioaineai?noue iioieo
oaieiaeo iaeo?ii?a o?eueee ca iaei??th caeaaei?noth A=f(Iio) aac
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeaieo iaiiaeeeai. Ca?aeii c ??aiyiiyie (8) ? (9) iaeaeaa
ia?aiao?e, ui ?a?no?othoueny, ? ooieoe??th oiia?eueithth/eo aeanoeainoae
ii??ae. sseui a?aooaaoe, ui oiia?eueithth/? aeanoeaino? na?aaeiaeua
coiiaeai? a iniiaiiio no?oeoo?ith ii?iaiai i?inoi?o, oi iiyaey?oueny
iiaeeea?noue ia?aaoaeoaaoe e?ea? caeaaeiino? A=f(Iio) a e?ea?
caeaaeiino? Iio=f(L) oa Iio=f(lgKi), oae ye L= f(lgKi).
Aeei?enoiaoth/e caeaaei?noue Iio=f(lgKi), i?e iiaoaeia? yei? a?aoiaaii
aieea naa?aeeiaeiieo oiia ia ?acoeueoaoe aei??thaaiiy, aoaeothoueny
ooieoe?iiaeuei? caeaaeiino? A=f(Ki) aeey i?eeaae?a AIE-90 oa AIE-73.
Canoinoaaiiy caeaaeiino? A=f(Ki) cia/ii ni?iuo? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?th
?acoeueoao?a naa?aeeiaeiieo aeine?aeaeaiue oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo
?ic??c?a.
Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue iao?io?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a a??nueeeo
ii??ae a cia/i?e i??? i?aeaeuothoue ?ioi?iaoeai?noue ?o ?ioa?i?aoaoe??,
aeicaieythoue i?iaiicoaaoe eieaeoi?nuee? aeanoeaino?, a oaeiae caiane
aaco ia ?iaeiaeuao.
4 ssaea?ii-o?ce/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu ia?aaeea?iaooy
Neeaaeia aaieia?/ia aoaeiaa ?ic??c?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu
A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie ia iiaea aooe aeinoia??ii aea/aia aac
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a i?aeoeeo aeine?aeaeaiue yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a.
Ia?niaeoeaieie aeey ae??oaiiy oe??? caaea/? ? aaia-niaeo?iiao?e/i?
aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?iaaaeai? iaie aeine?aeaeaiiy noai?eee iaoeia?
ia?aaeoiiae aaieia?/ii? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? aeaieo oeeo iaoiae?a. Aiae?c
?acoeueoao?a eaai?aoi?ieo oa naa?aeeiaeiieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeicaieea
anoaiiaeoe, ui ?iciiae?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a U(Ra), Th ? K40 a
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaaeao aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu caeaaeeoue a?ae i?ia?aeueiiai
neeaaeo ii??ae, oiia ?o oi?ioaaiiy ? ci?ith?oueny ?c aeeaeiith. Oae a
na?iaonueeeo a?aeeeaaeao aei?ia?ao?anueei? naeoe, ai?eciioe Ae-5, Ae-6,
Ae-7, Ae-9 oa IAe-9, IAe-10, IAe-11, IAe-12 (Eaoiyinueea aaciaa
?iaeiaeua) ai?no ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a U(Ra), Th ? K40 i?aeoe/ii
iaeiaeiaee. Na?aaei?e ai?no eiioeaio?aoe?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a
aei??aith?: U(Ra) — 2.110-4%, Th — 4.310-4%, K40 — 2.4%. A oie aea /an
a?aei?/a?oueny iii?oia ca?eueoaiiy ?o eiioeaio?aoe?e a ai?eciioao Ae-8,
Ae-10 a?aeiia?aeii U(Ra) — 7.110-4% oa Th-7.910-4 %. Anoaiiaeaii, ui
aaaeainuee? a?aeeeaaee oa?aeoa?ecothoueny, a ii??aiyii? c na?iaonueeeie,
i?aeaeuaiei ai?noii ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a U(Ra) , Th oa E40. Na?aaei?
cia/aiiy eiioeaio?aoe?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a o?aio, oi??th, eae?th
a?aeiia?aeii aei??aiththoue 3.710-4%, 9.810-4% oa 3.5%. Oae?
a?aeoeeaiiy a ?iciiae?e? ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a a na?iaonueeiio oa
aaaeainueeiio y?onao iiyniththoueny oiiaaie inaaeiiaeiie/aiiy, a oaeiae
iayai?noth aeioeaaiiiai iaoa??aeo, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny ?iaioaie
Ia/eii?eiaa A.E. oa Aeaena?aa A.A. Ai?no oi??th a na?iaonueeeo
a?aeeeaaeao eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 7.010-4% aei
8.110-4%. Iaeiaioei cia/aiiyi ai?noo oi??th (1.110-4%)
oa?aeoa?ecothoueny /eno? i?neiaeee n??iai eieuei?o, na?aaei? cia/aiiy ??
?ioaa?aeueii? ?aae?iaeoeaiino? ??aia 4-5ie?/aiae.
Aeaa?ie?oe ca ai?noii oi??th caeiathoue i?ii?aeia iieiaeaiiy i?ae
aeeienoeie ? i?uaienoeie ii?iaeaie, na?aaei?e ai?no oi??th a ieo
aei??aith? 4.110-4 %. ?acoeueoaoe eaai?aoi?ii? aaia-niaeo?iiao??? /enoeo
aeei na?iaonueeeo ? aaaeainueeeo a?aeeeaae?a iieacaee, ui ca
eiioeaio?aoe??th o?aio oa oi??th aiie i?aeoe/ii ia a?ae??ciythoueny i?ae
niaith, a oie aea /an, aaaeainuee? i?neiaeee oa aeaa?ie?oe aei neeaaeo
yeeo aoiaeeoue i?aai?/ia ?a/iaeia aieiae?thoue i?aeaeuaiei ai?noii
o?aio, oi??th oa eae?th.
Ananoi?iii?e aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy
?iciiae?eo ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a a ii?iaeao i?ioeaiiaiai a?eo
aeicaieea ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy i?e?iaee i?aeaeuaii?
?aae?iaeoeaiino? i?neiaee?a. Nooue ?? iieyaa? a oiio, ui aeey eiie?aoieo
a?aeeeaae?a ?ic?aoiao?oueny eiioeaio?aoe?y ai?noo ?aae?iaeoeaieo
?cioii?a U(Ra), Th i K40 oa oa?aeoa?ia aeey ieo ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
?aae?iaeoeaiiai ?cioiio oi??th aei eae?th. Oaeee i?aeo?ae aeicaiey?
?aeaioeo?eoaaoe ii?iaee ca ai?noii eae?eai?uath/eo i?ia?ae?a. Aeey
/enoeo aeei na?iaonueeiai y?ono, a yeeo aeii?iothoue oae? i?ia?aee ye
eaie?i?o, ioneia?o, ?ee?o oa iiioii?eeii?o, ni?aa?aeiioaiiy oi??th aei
eae?th Th/K40=2.710-4. Aiaeia?/ia ni?aa?aeiioaiiy Th/K40 aeey /enoeo
i?neiaee?a na?iaonueeiai y?ono ??aia 1910-4. Aeei?enoiaoth/e anoaiiaeaio
iaie caeaaei?noue a?aeiioaiiy noia?iiai ai?noo ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a
o?aio iethn oi??e aei eae?th, iiaeia ioe?ieoe aeeaae eae?th, a
a?aeiia?aeii aeeienoino? a ?ioaa?aeueio ?aae?iaeoeai?noue ii?iaee.
Iaiaeiaaaeia ?ieue a ioe?ioe? e?oioeio, ui neeaaea? aaieia?/iee ?ic??c
iaeaaeeoue oi/iino? ciaoiaeaeaiiy eiai a?aieoeue caeyaaiiy. I?iaaaeai?
?ic?aooiee ii aecia/aiith i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoe? i?ae ieanoaie i?e
oiia? no?iaiai oeaio?oaaiiy naa?aeeiaeiiiai i?eeaaeo oa oiia? oi/eiaiai
i?eeia/a iieacaee, ui iioeaea ciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoe? ieanoa (x)
caeaaeeoue a?ae iioeaee aei??thaaiiy () neaiaeo ia?oiai ? ae?oaiai
ieano?a (a?aeiia?aeii g01 oa g02), eiao?oe??ioa iiaeeiaiiy neaiaeo
ao?iaei ?ic/eiii (a) oa aaiiao?e/iiai oaeoi?o rao ? l.
Oae? caeaaeiino? ca c?iaeaieie iaie ?ic?aooieaie, ae?aceeenue a oi?ioe?:
, (12)
aea O — iiieeea aecia/aiiy i?noey ciaoiaeaeaiiy ieanoa; — iioeaea
?acoeueoao?a aei??thaaiiy; g01 ? g02 — a?aeiia?aeii neaiaee, ye?
iaaeoiaeyoue a?ae ia?oiai ? ae?oaiai ieanoa; 1/a — eiao?oe??io
iiaeeiaiiy neaiaeo a naa?aeeiaei?.
sse aeaeii ?c oi?ioee (12), aaee/eia iioeaee ciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoeue
ieano?a, a iniiaiiio, aoaea iaoiiaeaia ?icae?eueiith caeaoi?noth
aei??thaaeueii? aia?aoo?e, aoaeoeaiei ?aae?onii aei??thaaiiy, a oaeiae
oeiii ao?iaiai ?ic/eio.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy ?iciiae?eo ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a a
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaaeao aeicaieeee ?ic?iaeoe aeai?eoi e?euee?niiai
aecia/aiiy ai?noo U(Ra), Th i K40 a ii?iaeao. I?e oeueiio iaie
?icaeyaea?oueny aa??aio aieeao ca?a?no?iaaieo ?iioeuen?a iaeiiai eaiaeo
ia ?ioee “aaa?o” ? “aiec” ca aia?a?yie.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui aieea eaiaeo ia eaiae i?e ?a?no?aoe?? aaia-eaaio?a a
iecueeiaia?aaoe/ieo iaeanoyo aoaea oei a?eueoee, /ei iaioa ?icae?eueia
caeaoi?noue niaeo?iiao?a oa eiioeaio?aoe?eia /ooeea?noue eiaeiiai
aei??thaaeueiiai eaiaeo.
Aeey aeyaeaiiy iiaeeeainoae aaia-iaoiae?a a eiiieaen?
aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo
?ic??c?a, iaie i?iaiaeeeenue aei??thaaiiy i?e?iaeii? ?aae?iaeoeaiino?
ii??ae i?e ??cieo oaoiieia?/ieo ?aaeeiao. A ?acoeueoao? iaoaiaoe/iiai
iiaeaethaaiiy io?eiaia iiiia?aia, yea aeicaiey? aea?aoe iioeiaeuei?
?aaeeie i?iaaaeaiiy ?aae?iaeoeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
5 ssaea?ii-iaai?oi? aeine?aeaeaiiy ii??ae OIIEIi?ioa?eiaeo i?ioeaiiaeo
a?aeeeaae?a
5.1 ssaea?ii-o?ce/i? ia?aaeoiiae aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a
Aoaeoeai?noue a?eueoino? aaio?ce/ieo iaoiae?a aeine?aeaeaiue
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a iecueea ca ?aooiie iaaeineiiaeino? aia?aoo?ii?
aace, aoi?eiiino? io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a aaciina?aaeiuei a i?ioean?
aei??thaaiiy. ssaea?ii-iaai?oiee iaoiae iicaaaeaiee a?eueoino? aeua
ia?a?aoiaaieo iciae, iino?eueee ? i?yiei ? aeicaiey? aei??thaaoe
noai?ai? o?ce/i? iiey aaciina?aaeiuei a ieano?-eieaeoi??. A ?iaioao
a/aieo ? aeine?aeiee?a A.?. Aeaiaae/a, Ae.I. Naaeeoiaa, TH.N. *a?ieoiaa,
N.I. Aenaeue?iaea aeineoue iiaii ia??oioiaothoueny ia?aaaae
yaea?ii-iaai?oieo iaoiae?a i?e aeine?aeaeaii? naa?aeeiaei ? aecia/aii?
iao?io?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a ii??ae-eieaeoi??a.
Aenia?eiaioe, i?iaaaeai? iaie ia c?aceao a??nueeeo ii??ae c
aeei?enoaiiyi aia?aoo?e yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino, aeicaieeee aea/eoe
yaea?ii-iaai?oi? oa?aeoa?enoeee i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a, ?ic?iaeoe
iaoiaeeeo ii aecia/aiith o?eueo?aoe?eii-?ii?nieo ia?aiao??a
i?iaeoeoeaieo ieano?a. Iaie anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey na?iao-aaaeainueeeo
a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie oa?aeoa? ci?ie
/ano ?aeaenaoe?? aeineoue neeaaeiee ? i?aaenoaaeaiee aeaio- oa
o?ueioeiiiiiaioieie e?eaeie. Aeey an?o c?ace?a oa?aeoa?ia iayai?noue
aeiaai? eiiiiiaioe, yea, a iniiaiiio, iaoiiaeaia a?eueiei oeth?aeii a
ii?iae?. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ea?io c ??ciith caeeoeiaith aiaeiiane/ai?noth
iieacaee, ui “ei?ioe?” oace ?aeaenaoe?eii? e?eai? coiiaeai? iiaa?oiaaith
aeoeai?noth c?acea ii?iaee. A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui “aeiaaa” eiiiiiaioa
ooieoe?iiaeueii caeaaeeoue a?ae aoaeoeaii? ii?enoino? ii?iaee,
a?aei?/aii, ui ??cieoey a iicaeiaaeiueiio /an? ?aeaenaoe?? ia?oi? oa
ae?oai? eiiiiiaioe aoaea oei a?eueoa, /ei aeua ii?eno?noue ii?iaee. Aeey
i?neiaee?a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a cia/aiiy /ano iicaeiaaeiuei?
?aeaenaoe?? ia?oi? aai “aeiaai?” eiiiiiaioe ci?ith?oueny a iaaeao a?ae
160in aei 698in ? a na?aaeiueiio aei??aith? 428in i?e ??
na?aaeiueiaaaiaiio ai?no? 69%. Aeey ei?ioeiaeeao/i? aai ae?oai?
eiiiiiaioe /an ?aeaenaoe?? O1 eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 50in ? aei 80in
i?e na?aaei?e aac? 25%. E?eaa /ano iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? aeey
iecueeiii?enoeo c?ace?a na?iao-aaaeainueeeo a?aeeeaae?a a
iai?aeiaa?eoi?/iiio ianooaa? ia? yaiiae?aaeaiee i?yiie?i?eiee oa?aeoa?.
?ioaa?aeueiee /an ?aeaenaoe?? a oaeeo ii?iaeao ??aiee 15-20in, a
aaee/eia /ano iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1 “aeiaai?” eiiiiiaioe
eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 47aei 140in, ei?ioei? a?ae 15in aei 45in.
?ic?aooieiaa oaeaee?noue ni?i-?ao?o/aoi? ?aeaenaoe?? (rs) ??aia 60-65
n-1.
Aenieiii?eno? c?acee (Ei=1829%) oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aeaioeiiiiiaioiith
e?eaith, /an ?aeaenaoe?? “aeiaai?” eiiiiiaioe eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao
350-696in a caeaaeiino? a?ae i?ia?ae?caoe?? ieanoiai? aiaee, aai aonoeie
oeth?aeo caiiaithth/iai ionoioiee i?ino?? ii?iaee. Aaee/eia /ano O1
ei?ioei? eiiiiiaioe a oeueiio aeiaaeeo aoaea eieeaaoeny a iaaeao a?ae
25in aei 80in. I?e iayaiino? aeeienoino? a ii?iae?, e?eaa /ano
iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1 aoaea oa?aeoa?ecoaaoeny o?ueiia, a o
aeiaaeeo iaiaeii??aeiino? i?ia?aeueiiai neeaaeo ii?iaee, ? a?eueoith
e?euee?noth eiiiiiaio?a. Cia/aiiy /ano O1 ??aia, iaioa 10in, coiiaeaia a
iniiaiiio aeeieno?noth ? iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoeny aeey ?? ye?nii?
ioe?iee.
Iaeiei ?c iniiaieo o?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a, ye? ?a?no?othoueny aia?aoo?ith
yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino ? ?iaeaen a?eueiiai oeth?aeo (?AO). Oeae
ia?aiao? ae?aaea? e?euee?nii aoaeoeaio ii?eno?noue, oa?aeoa?eco?
iaooiaaciiane/ai?noue i?iaeoeoeaieo ieano?a. A iniia? aei??thaaiiy (?AO)
eaaeeoue eiai ca’ycie ?c /anii iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1.
Anoaiiaeai? iaie aenia?eiaioaeueii aca?iica’ycee ?iaeaeno a?eueiiai
oeth?aeo ?c eiao?oe??ioii aiaeiiane/aiino?, oa eiao?oe??ioii ii?enoino?
ae?aaeai? oi?ioeaie:
Aeine?aeaeaiiy ?aeaenaoe?eieo oa?aeoa?enoee aiaeiiinieo ii??ae c iaoith
?ic?iaee iaoiaeeee ioe?iee oa?aeoa?o iane/aiino? ieano?a iieacaee, ui a
a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a oae? ii?iaee oa?aeoa?ecothoueny e?eaith, oi?ia yei?
ci?ith?oueny a caeaaeiino? a?ae ii?enoino?. Iecueeiii?eno? c?acee,
aaee/eia eiao?oe??ioo ii?enoino? (Ei) yeeo eieeaa?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 3%
aei 6% aieiae?thoue oa?aeoa?ii iecueeeie cia/aiiyie O, a?ae 25in aei
75in i?e na?aaeiueiio cia/aii? O1=36in. ?iaeaen a?eueiiai oeth?aeo a
oaeeo ii?iaeao ci?ith?oueny a?ae 0 aei 5%, aeey ieo oa?aeoa?ia aeineoue
iecueea i?iieei?noue 0.8 10-15i2.
Ae?oaa a?oia c?ace?a, ye? aeine?aeaeoaaeeny, aoea i?aaenoaaeaia
ii?iaeaie, ?aeaenaoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee yeeo aeecuee? aei ?aeaenaoe?eieo
oa?aeoa?enoee c?ace?a, a?ae?a?aieo ?c iaooiiane/aieo ieano?a. Aaee/eia
/ano iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1 i?iaeno?aaiaaieo c?ace?a ci?ith?oueny
a?ae 90in aei 400in ? a na?aaeiueiio ??aia 397in . sseui ii??aithaaoe
iiia?a/iee /an ?aeaenaoe?? ?c iicaeiaaei?i O1 aeey oeeo ii??ae, oi O2
cia/ii iaioee a?ae O1 ? a na?aaeiueiio ??aiee 220in. Aiae?coth/e
io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe yaea?ii-iaai?oieo aeine?aeaeaiue, aaeaeiny
anoaiiaeoe, ui ia? i?noea ca?eueoaiiy O1 i?iaeno?aaiaaieo c?ace?a i?e
iaci?iiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? aeie? aeiaai? ? ei?ioei? eiiiiiaioe.
I/aaeaeii a ?acoeueoao? aeno?aaoaaiiy c?ace?a ia’?i aaeeeeo ionoio, ye?
ca?eueieeenue a?ae ieeneaii? iaooe cia/ii a?eueoee, i?ae ia’?i ae??aieo
ii?. Ca?eueoaiiy aaee/eie ei?ioei? eiiiiiaioe O1 iiaeia iiynieoe
aeieaaiiyi ?c ae??aieo ii? caeeoeiai? iaooe i?e aeno?aaoaaii?.
A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui yaea?ii-iaai?oi? aeanoeaino? ii??ae caeaaeaoue a?ae
?o iiaa?oiaai? aeoeaiino?, iaie i?iaiaeeeenue aeine?aeaeaiiy ii
aeyaeaiith aieeao aeeienoino? oa ia’?iii? aieiaino? ii??ae ia ?AO.
Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeicaieeee anoaiiaeoe o?niee ca’ycie aeeienoino? ?c
?AO, ui iiynith?oueny cia/ieie aaeni?aoe?eieie aeanoeainoyie aeei. Ca
?acoeueoaoaie eaai?aoi?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue yaea?ii-iaai?oieo aeanoeainoae
a??nueeeo ii??ae, iaie ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee ?ici??o ii? oa
no?oeoo?e ii?iaiai i?inoi?o. Iaoiaeeea aaco?oueny ia oiio, ui /an
iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1 ca’ycaiee ?c no?oeoo?ith ii? caeaaei?noth,
yea ae?aaeaia oi?ioeith :
,
(14)
aea D — eiao?oe??io naiiaeeooc?? D=12/6t; t — /an ei?aeyoe??; l —
aeiaaeeia a?eueiiai i?ia?ao iieaeoee a ??aeei?; a - ?ici?? ii?; ? —
eiia??i?noue ?aeaenaoe?? i?ioii?a ia a?aieoe? ??aeeie ? oaa?aeiai o?ea;
E — /enei, yea ci?ith?oueny a iaaeao a?ae 2 aei 3 a caeaaeiino? a?ae
oi?ie ii?.
Anoaiiaeai? caeaaeiino? iicaeiaaeiueiai /ano ?aeaenaoe?? c?ace?a ii??ae
? /anii ?aeaenaoe?? a?eueii? aiaee O1a.a. aeicaieeee anoaiiaeoe ca’ycie:
.
(15)
sseui i?aenoaaeoe o oi?ioeo (15) cia/aiiy A, D, p ? l, ye? a?aeii? ?c
e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae, oi io?eia?ii ae?ac aeey ?ic?aooieo ?ici???a
noa?e/ieo oi?i:
.
(16)
Iiaoaeiaaia ca oi?ioeith (16) caeaaei?noue aeicaiey? aeni?anii ca
a?aeiiei /anii iicaeiaaeiuei? ?aeaenaoe?? O1 a a??nuee?e ii?iae? oa
iicaeiaaei?i /an? a?eueii? aiaee aecia/eoe ?ici?? ii? a??nueei? ii?iaee.
6 Aoaeoeai?noue aea/aiiy ii??ae-eieaeoi??a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo
?ic??c?a ca aeiiiiiaith iao?io?ce/ieo oa yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a
?ic?iaeaiee iaie eiiieaeniee i?aeo?ae aei aaieiai-aaio?ce/iiai aea/aiiy
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a ia?aaeaa/a? canoinoaaiiy o?eueee oaeeo
iaoiae?a ? iaoiaeee, ye? aeathoue iiaeeea?noue aeae?eeoe
ieanoe-eieaeoi?e, aecia/eoe ?o i?ae?aooieia? ia?aiao?e, ioe?ieoe
oa?aeoa? iane/aiiy. ?aae?caoe?y oe??? caaea/? cae?enith?oueny ca
ianooiiith noaiith aeine?aeaeaiue (?en.1).
sse aeaeii ?c cai?iiiiiaaii? noaie ia ia?oiio aoai? aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue i?iaeoeoeaieo oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu,
iaiao?aeii aeeiiaoe eaai?aoi?i? aei??e iao?io?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a, aecia/eoeny ?c e?oieia?/iith aoaeiaith ?ic??co,
ioe?ieoe iaeo?iii? aeanoeaino? na?aaeiaeua.
Ianooiiei aoaiii aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaea ciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoe? ieano?a
eieaeoi??a, ca aeaieie ci?ie ?ioaineaiino? ?ioaa?aeueii?
?aae?iaeoeaiino? ii??ae. Iaoiaeeea, ca yeith aecia/athoueny a?aieoe?
ieano?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui iioeaeo aei??thaaiiy o?ce/ieo aaee/ei a
i?ioean? aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?ic??c?a aaio?ce/ieie iaoiaeaie
ia?aaiaeeii a iioeaeo aecia/aiiy i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoe? ieanoa ca
oi?ioeith, yea ?aae?co? ?ic?iaeaiee iaie aeai?eoi:
, (17)
aea Dx – iioeaea aecia/aiiy i?noeaciaoiaeaeaiiy a?aieoe? ieanoa; D –
iioeaea
?acoeueoao?a aei??thaaiiy; q01, q02 – a?aeiia?aeii neaiae a?ae ia?oiai ?
ae?oaiai ieanoa; S – a?aeaeaeue i?ae aeao/eeii ? a?aieoeath ieanoa; 1/a
– iiaeeiath/? aeanoeaino? na?aaeiaeua.
I?e oiia? no?iaiai oeaio?oaaiiy i?eeaaeo oi?ioea (17) aoaea iaoe
aeaeyae:
, (18)
aea r — ?aae?on naa?aeeiaeie; l — a?aeaeaeue a?ae aeao/eea aei
aeaiaioa?iiai aei?ii?ithth/iai ia’?io.
I?ney aeae?eaiiy ieano?a-eieaeoi??a, ianooiiei aoaiii aoaea
?ioa?i?aoaoe?y io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue a
naa?aeeiaeiao c a?aooaaiiyi iiia?aaei?o eaai?aoi?ieo iao?io?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue ea?iiaiai iaoa??aeo, ca niaoe?aeueieie iaoiaeeeaie. Oaeee
i?aeo?ae aeoaea aaaeeeaee i?e aecia/aii? eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? ii??ae
ca aeaieie aeonoe/ieo, ?aae?iaeoeaieo oa eaai?aoi?ieo iaoiae?a.
?ic?iaeaiee iaie aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo aeeooc?eieo oa oiia?eueithth/eo
iaeo?iiieo ia?aiao??a na?aaeiaeua ?aae?ciaaiee a e?ioeaaeo oi?ioeao:
, (19)
aea A – a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a iaeiai ciiaea aei iieac?a aaeeeiai ciiaea;
Ii.o(r), Ii.o(r+ Dr) – a?aeiia?aeii ?ioaineai?noue iieac?a iaeiai
oa aaeeeiai ciiaea;
L – aeiaaeeia oiia?eueiaiiy iaeo?ii?a.
, (20)
aea A1 — a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a aeaio ciiae?a a ia?oiio na?aaeiaeu?;
A2 — a?aeiioaiiy iieac?a aeaio ciiae?a a ae?oaiio na?aaeiaeu?.
Ai?iaaoe?y eiiieaenii? noaie aeine?aeaeaiiy oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a ia
i?eeeaae? a?aeeeaae?a aei?ia?ao?anueei? naeoe aeicaieeee ?icae?eeoe ?o
ia ai?eciioe, ye? i?aaenoaaeythoue niaith ie?ai? a?ae?inenoaie,
aeiiaiai? i?uaii-aeeienoeie e?oioeiaie ?c i?eoaiaiieie o?eueee ?i
iciaeaie. Aeei?enoiaoth/e iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee i?e?iaee i?aeaeuaii?
?aae?iaeoeaiino? anoaiiaeaii, ui oooe a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae ?ioeo ii??ae
aenieei cia/aiiyi ?aae?iaeoeaiino? 15-26 ie?/aiae.
A?aei?/aii, ui i?e ci?i? ii?enoino? a iaaeao (20-30)%, aiaeiiane/ai?noue
ooo?a ci?ith?oueny a?ae 80% aei 90%. Oaciaa i?iieei?noue ii aoaeaaiaeiyo
o ieo i?aeoe/ii a?aenooiy. Ca iaoeie aeaieie, aeanoeaino? ooo?a
aecia/athoueny ianaiia?aae ?o i?e?ino?oeoo?ith, yea neeaaea?oueny c
ae??aieo aeaa?eoiaeo oeaie?a aoeeai?/iiai neea. Ii?iaeieie i?ae oeaieaie
a oooao caiiaiai? oiiei-eeaioeeiaei a?ae?inethaeenoei iaoa??aeii. C
aeoeani?ieo i?ia?ae?a aeii?io? oee?eii, yeee ?acii ?c a?ae?inethaeenoei
iaoa??aeii iaoiiaeth? i?aeaeuaio ?aae?iaeoeai?noue ooo?a. A?aoiaoth/e
iniaeeaino? i?ia?aeueiiai neeaaeo oa no?oeoo?e ii?iaiai i?inoi?o, iiaeia
i?eionoeoe, ui aiie ? oi?ioeie iie?eoeaie oa ?aia?aie, ye? iaeiicia/ii
aeae?eythoueny ca aeaieie aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue naa?aeeiaei.
I?aeoe/iee aeina?ae canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeee aeey e?oieia?/iiai
?ic/eaioaaiiy oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a, aecia/aiiy
o?eueo?aoe?eii-?ii?nieo ia?aiao??a oa ioe?iee aaciiiniino? i?iaiicieo
i?iaeoeoeaieo ia’?eo?a ia ?onueei-Eiia??anueeiio ?iaeiaeu? iieacaa ?o
aenieo aoaeoeai?noue. Aeey i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a Eaoiyinueeiai,
A?ooaanueeiai aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu i?iaaaeaii aiaeia?/io e?oieia?/io
ei?aeyoe?th c aeae?eaiiyi i?iaeoeoeaieo i?uaienoeo ai?eciio?a. Ia aac?
?acoeueoao?a eiiieaenieo aeine?aeaeaiue iiaoaeiaaii noaio
?iciianthaeaeaiiy i?uaieo ieano?a, ioe?iaii ?o ia?niaeoeai?noue.
AENIIAEE
A ?acoeueoao? oai?aoe/ieo ? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?ic?iaeaii
iiaee i?aeo?ae aei aeine?aeaeaiiy aaciiinieo oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a Ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe?? oa
aeyaeaii ?o i?ia?aeia?/i? iniaeeaino?, ui coiiaeai? i?ioeanaie
ooai?aiiy. Ia aac? eiiieaenieo iao?ia?ao?/ieo ? aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue c aeei?enoaiiyi yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo iaoiae?a ?icoe?aii
e?oieia?/io eeaneo?eaoe?th i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei?
ciie.
Aia?oa aeey oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a ?ic?iaeaia
iao?io?ce/ia iniiaa, yea aeei?enoiao?oueny aeey i?ae?aooieo caian?a
aaco, aea/aia caeiiii??i?noue ?iciiae?eo iaoo?aeueieo ?aae?iaeoeaieo
?cioii?a o?aio, oi??th oa eae?th a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaaeao aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai oa Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaei?a, aeyaeaii ?o
aca?iica’ycee ?c aeeieno?noth. Ia iniia? ?acoeueoao?a naa?aeeiaeiii? oa
eaai?aoi?ii? aaia-niaeo?iiao??? cae?eniaii e?oieia?/ia ?ic/eaioaaiiy
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a, aeae?eaii ieanoe-eieaeoi?e, ioe?iaii ?o
?ii?nii-o?eueo?aoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee oa oa?aeoa? oeth?aeiiane/aiiy.
Aea/aii oa ia??oioiaaii iiaeeeaino? iaoiaeo yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino
aeey aecia/aiiy iao?io?ce/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a,
aeyaeaii aca?iica’ycee yaea?ii-iaai?oieo ia?aiao??a (/ano oa oaeaeeino?
?aeaenaoe?? yaea? ii??ae) c ?o iao?io?ce/ieie ia?aiao?aie.
I?e oeueiio io?eiai? oae? iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe:
1. ?ic?iaeaii e?oieia?/io eeaneo?eaoe?th oiieii?ioa?eiaeo i?ioeaiiaeo
a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai oa Caea?iaonueeiai
i?iaei?a ca aeaieie iao?ia?ao?/ieo oa yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
Aeyaeaii, ui ii?yae ?c cia/iei ai?noii o ii?iaeao i?ioeaiiaiai a?eo
aeeienoiai i?ia?aeo aeaoeii?oo, ? a aeinoaoi?e e?eueeino? i?ia?aee ?c
a?oie noeueoao?a ? noeueo?ae?a, ye? coiiaeththoue ?o aeaeo?iiio
i?ia?aei?noue, a oaeiae i?ia?ae?a, ui ai?uothoue a nia? ?aae?iaeoeai?
?cioiie o?aio ? oi??th. Oaea iniaeea?noue aaieia?/ii? aoaeiae
i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a cao?oaeiy? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?th aeaieo aeaeo?e/ieo oa
?aae?iaeoeaieo iaoiae?a. Aeiaaaeaii, ui i?e/eiith iecueei? aoaeoeaiino?
aeyaeaiiy aaciaeo iieeaae?a o aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao c oiieii?ioa?eiaith
aoaeiaith ? a?aenooi?noue iaae?eieo ?aia??a i?e e?oieiai-no?aoea?ao?/i?e
ei?aeyoe??, iaaeinoaoiy ?ioi?iaoe?y i?i i?e?iaeo i?aeaeuaii?
?aae?iaeoeaiino? ii??ae-eieaeoi??a oa ?o cia/ia aeeieno?noue.
2. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee no?oeoo?e ii?iaiai i?inoi?o ii ci?i?
?aeaenaoe?eieo ia?aiao??a ii??ae-eieaeoi??a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a.
Ia??oioiaaia iiaeeea?noue iaoiaeo yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino i?e
aeine?aeaeaii? oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a iaooiaaciaeo
?iaeiaeu.
3. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy ?ii?nieo ia?aiao??a
ii??ae-eieaeoi??a i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu
Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai oa Caea?iaonueeiai i?iaei?a ca aeaieie iaoiaeo
yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino.
4. Aia?oa aeyaeaii yaea?ii-o?ce/i? e?eoa??? aeae?eaiiy ii??ae-eieaeoi??a
a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??cao i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a.
5. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? ca aeaieie
aaaaoiciiaeiaiai iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo oa ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo
aieeao aeeooc?eii-oiia?eueithth/eo aeanoeainoae ii??ae ia iieace
iaeo?ii-iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo.
6. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeai? oaoiieia?y oa iaoiaeeea i?iaaaeaiiy aaia-ea?ioaaeo
a aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao ?c oiieii?ioa?eiaith aoaeiaith.
7. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee i?e?iaee ?aae?iaeoeaiino? a??nueeeo
ii??ae, yea aeicaiey? aeae?eeoe ciie “iie?i?eoiaino?” a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao.
Ii oai? aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaai? ianooii? ?iaioe:
1. Aaeion I.O., A?eoeeoei A.E., Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Iniaaiiinoe
aaciiiniinoe iaiaaiiauo ii?iae Eaoiyineiai ianoi?iaeaeaiey // Iaooyiay e
aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. — 1990. — ?4. — N. 8 — 9.
2. A?eoeeoei A.E., Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Ieeei E.A. Eiiieaenia aea/aiiy
aeoaieicaeyaath/eo eieaeoi??a ca c?aceaie ii??ae ianoaiaea?oieo ?ic??c?a
// ?ica?aeea oa ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue
?OAeOOIA — 1991. — ?28. — N. 9 — 11.
3. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Eiiieaenoaaiiy iaoiae?a aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue
naa?aeeiaei i?e eiio?ie? ca ?ic?iaeith iaooiaaciaeo ?iaeiaeu ?c
neeaaeiith aaieia?/iith aoaeiaith // Iaooiaa ? aaciaa i?iieneia?noue,
1996. — 10. – N. 5.
4. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. I?e?iaea i?aeaeuaii? ?aae?iaeoeaiino?
aaeueaaonueeeo a?aeeeaae?a aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie
Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1994.
— ?31. – N. 66 — 69.
5. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Aeei?enoaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aaia-niaeo?iiao??? aeey
ioe?iee i?e?iaee ?aae?iaeoeaiino? // Iao?aaeeoe?ei? aia?ai?ano?ne oa
aeieia?y Oe?a?ie: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — E.: Iaione?eio. —
1996. – N. 87 — 88.
6. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. ?acoeueoaoe canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo ssI? i?e aea/aii?
eieaeoi?nueeeo aeanoeainoae a??nueeeo ii??ae // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea
iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA —
i.?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1996. — ?33. – N. 38 — 41.
7. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. ?icae?eueia ni?iiiaei?noue aia?aoo?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo
iaoiae?a i?e aeine?aeaeaii? naa?aeeiaei // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo
? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA —
?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1996. — ?33. – N. 42 — 49.
8. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Oaaei??a A.A. Aieea oaoi?/ieo oiia aei??thaaiiy ia
iieace naa?aeeiaeiiiai niaeo?iiao?a // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ?
aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee.
— 1996. — ?33. – N. 27 — 33.
9. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., A?eion I.O., A?eaeiaae/ ?.A., Oaaei??a A.A. Oeyoe
i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ? iaae?eiino? ioe?iee ii?enoino? iaooi-aaciiinieo
ii??ae // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee
Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1996. — ?33. – N. 34
— 38.
10. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Eeaeci? ?.E., Aeiaa?a A.?. Iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy
ii?enoino? ii??ae-eieaeoi??a a na?iaonueeeo a?aeeeaaeao
A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio // ?ica?aeea ?
?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA
— ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1994. — 31. – N. 41 – 45.
11. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Aeiaa?a A.?. Ia?niaeoeae aeei?enoaiiy aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu c iaiaaeaieie caianaie // Iao?aaeeoe?ei? aia?ai?ano?ne oa
aeieia?y Oe?a?ie: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — E.: Iaione?eio,
1996. – N. 84 – 85.
12. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Iaoiaeeea a?aooaaiiy aieeao naa?aeeiaeiieo
oaeoi??a i?e ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a AIE. // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea
iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA —
?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1995. — 32. – N. 68 – 77.
13. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. I?i iiaeeeaino? i?iaiicoaaiiy eieaeoi?nueeeo
aeanoeainoae iaoiaeii ssIE // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1995.
— 32. – N. 78 – 82.
14. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Aieea iao?io?ce/ieo ia?aiao??a ii??ae
neeaaeiiiiaoaeiaaieo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??c?a ia ?oi? yaea?ii-iaai?oi?
aeanoeaino? // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee
Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. – 1998?. – 35. – N. 10 –
15.
15. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. ?iciiae?e ?aae?iaeoeaieo ?cioii?a o?aio, oi??th ?
eae?th a ii?iaeao i?ioeaiiaeo a?aeeeaae?a oa ?o aeeaae a caaaeueio
?aae?iaeoeai?noue // ?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu:
Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1998?. – 35. – N.
124 – 126.
16. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., A?eoeeoei A.E., Aa?aiei A.A. I?iaiice?iaaiea
iaooaaaciiiniinoe aeoaieicaeaaathueo eieeaeoi?ia ii aeaiiui
aaieiai-aaioece/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee neaaaeei // Iaooaia?aciaaiea ia
aieueoeo aeoaeiao. — I., 1986. – N. 201 — 202.
17. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Aeiaa?a A.?. Iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??ioa
ii?enoino? ca aeiiiiiaith aaaaoiciiaeiaiai iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaeo //
Iaooiaa ? aaciaa i?iieneia?noue, 1999. — 2. – N. 38 – 40.
18. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy yaea?ii-o?ce/ieo
iaoiae?a ca caa??aaiiyi aaco ia Aa?aoinueeiio i?aecaiiiio noiaeu? //
?ica?aeea ? ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu: Ca??iee Iaoeiaeo
I?aoeue ?OAeOOIA — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1998?. – 35. – oii 5, N. 112 –
116.
19. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Iniaeeaino? aaieia?/ii? aoaeiae ?ic??co aaciaeo
?iaeiaeu A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio, ye
ia?niaeoeaa iiooeo aia?aaoe/ieo aeaea?ae // Iao?aaeeoe?ei? aia?ai?ano?ne
oa aeieia?y Oe?a?ie: Ca. iaoe. i?. — E.: Iaione?eio, 1996, N. 85 — 87.
20. *i?iue I.E., E?oineee E.C., Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Yeni?an-iaoiae
ii?aaeaeaiey ii?enoinoe eieeaeoi?ia ii aeaiiui AE e AE a I?aaeea?iaoneii
i?iaeaa // Iaooaaaciaay aaieiaey e aaioeceea. — I., 1986. — ?12, N. 5-7.
21. I?eia I.I., *i?iue I.E., Eyoo I.A., Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Onei?aiea
iieneiauo ?ano?nia i?e?iaeiuo iieneiauo oaeaaiaei?iaeia
Aeiai?iai-Aeiiaoeeie aiaaeeiu ioo?i eniieueciaaiey eioi?iaoeee ia AAIAe.
Oace ?ani. i.-o. eiio. “I?iaeaiu onei?aiiiai auyaeaiey iiauo oeiia
eiaooae e ?ano?nia iaooe e aaca a AeAeA”. i. *a?i?a?a. 1987. N. 22 – 24.
22. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., A?eoeeoei A.E., Ieeei E.A. Eiiieaeniia eco/aiea
aeoaieicaeaaathueo eieeaeoi?ia ia ia?acoeao ii?iae ianoaiaea?oiuo
?acia?ia // Oac. aeii. ia Anan. eiio. — I. — 1987. N. 176 – 177.
23. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., A?eoeeoei A.?., Niieainueeee ?. Aea/aiiy
neeaaeiiiiaoaeiaaieo eieaeoi??a iaoiaeii yaea?ii-iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino.
?OAeOOIA. Oace aeii. i.-o.e. i?io. aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo oi-oo.
*anoeia I, ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1995, N. 91.
24. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., A?eoeeoei A.?., Niieainueeee ?. Aeei?enoaiiy
?aae?iaeoeaieo oa yaea?ii-iaai?oieo iaoiae?a aeey e?oieia?/iiai
?ic/eaioaaiiy oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ?ic??c?a. ?OAeOOIA. Oace aeii. i.-o.e.
i?io. aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo oi-oo. *anoeia I, ?aaii-O?aie?anuee,
1995, N. 92.
25. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae., Eeaeci? ?.E. Iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy ii?enoino?
na?iaonueeeo a?aeeeaae?a A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai
i?iaeio // Oace aeii. iaooi-aaciai? eiio. i?io. aeee. neeaaeo oi-oo
iaooe ? aaco. — *ano.1. — ?aaii-O?aie?anuee. — 1994, N. 51.
26. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Oaeineiiaeaiiy iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy ii?enoino?
eieaeoi??a ii aeaieo ?aae?iaeoeaieo iaoiae?a. ?OAeOOIA. Oace aeii.
i.-i?. eiio. *anoeia II, ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1996, N. 111.
27. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Iniiai? aaio?ce/i? e?eoa??? aecia/aiiy a?aie/ieo
cia/aiue eiao?oe??ioa ii?enoino? a neeaaeii-iiaoaeiaaieo eieaeoi?ao.
?OAeOOIA. Oace aeii. i.-i?. eiio. *anoeia II, ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1996,
N. 115.
28. Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Aea/aiiy oiieioa?oaaoeo ?ic??c?a i?ioeaio
A?eue/a-Aieeoeueei? ciie Ia?aaeea?iaonueeiai i?iaeio iaoiaeaie AAeN.
Oace aeii. ? iia?aeiieaiue i.-i?. eiio. i?enay/aii? 50-??//th COA?A.
i.Euea?a. 20—21 o?aaiy 1998. N. 70 – 71.
Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Oai?aoeei-aenia?eiaioaeuei? iniiae iao?io?ce/ii? oa
aaio?ce/ii? ae?aaiinoeee oiieii?ioa?eiaeo ii??ae-eieaeoi??a iaooe ? aaco
(ia i?eeeaae? Ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe??).
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aaieia?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth: 04.0017 – Aaieia?y iaooe ? aaco; 04.00.22 – Aaio?ceea,
Iaoe?iiaeueia aeaaeai?y iaoe Oe?a?ie, ?inoeooo aaieia?? ? aaio?i??
ai?th/eo eiiaeei.
Caoeuathoueny ?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, o yeeo aena?oeai?
iniiai? oai?aoe/i?, aenia?eiaioaeuei? ? i?aeoe/i? iieiaeaiiy ii
ae??oaiith aaaeeeai? aeooaeueii? i?iaeaie – i?aeaeuaiiy
aaieiai-aaio?ce/ii? ?ioi?iaoeaiino? ae?aaiinoeee ii??ae-eieaeoi??a a
oiieii?ioa?eiaeo aaieia?/ieo ?ic??cao. C oe??th iaoith ?ic?iaeaii noaio
eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei aea/aiiy ii??ae-eieaeoi??a a oiieii?ioa?eiaeo
?ic??cao Ea?iaonueei? iaooiaaciiinii? i?ia?ioe??.
Ia iniia? oai?aoeei-aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo aea/aiiy oaeiai oeio
eieaeoi??a, ?ic?iaeaii aeie iaoiaeee ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? io?eiaieo
?acoeueoao?a aaieiai-aaio?ce/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue a naa?aeeiaeiao,
noai?aii iao?io?ce/io iniiao aeey i?ae?aooieo caian?a aaco ia ?iaeiaeuao
Ia?aaeea?iaooy. ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeeee oa oaoiieia?? i?ieoee ai?iaaoe?th
ia eiie?aoiiio iieueiaiio oa eaai?aoi?iiio iaoa??ae?.
Eeth/aa? neiaa: iao?io?ce/i? ia?aiao?e, ii?eno?noue, aiaei-, iaooi-,
aaciiane/aii?noue, aeeooc?y oaieiaeo iaeo?ii?a, ?ioaa?aeueia
?aae?iaeoeai?noue, ?aae?iaeoeai? ?cioiie, ?ioa?aaeueiee /an,
eeaneo?eaoe?y.
Fedoryshin D.D. Theoretical and experimental fundamentals of
petrophysical and geophysical diagnostics of thin-layer rock-reservoirs
of oil and gas (on the example of Carpatska oil and gas bearing
province).
Doctoral dissertation, speciality: 04.0017 - Geology of oil and gas;
04.00.22 - Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of combustible mineral resources.
The results of scientific researches which cover basic theoretical,
experimental and practical principles on solving an important and urgent
problem – increase of geological and geophysical informative ability of
rock reservoir diagnostics in thin-layer geological sections. With this
aim, the scheme of complex approach to the studying of rock-reservoirs
in thin-layer section of Carpatska oil and gas bearing province is
developed,
On the basis of theoretical and experimental data of studying such type
of reservoirs there have been developed a block of techniques to
interpret the results of geological and geophysical researches in bore
holes. Petrophysical basis for gas reserves calculation in Precarpathia
fields has been created. The developed techniques and technologies have
been approbated on specific field and laboratory material.
Key words: petrophysical parameters, porosity, water, oil, gas
saturation, diffusion of thermal neutrons, integrated radioactivity,
radioactive isotopes, interval time, classification.
Oaaei?eoei Ae.Ae. Oai?aoeei-yenia?aiaioaeueiua iniiau iao?ioece/aneie e
aaioece/aneie aeeaaiinoeee oiieineienouo ii?iae-eieeaeoi?ia iaooe e aaca
(ia i?eia?a Ea?iaoneie iaooaiiniie i?iaeioeee).
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea iao/iie noaiaie aeieoi?a aaieiae/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe: 04.00.17 – Aaieiaey iaooe e aaca; 04.00.22 –
Aaioeceea, Iaoeeiiaeueiay aeaaeaiey iaoe Oe?aeiu, Einoeooo aaieiaee e
aaioeiee ai?th/eo eneiiaaiuo.
Caueuathony ?acoeueoaou enneaaeiaaiee ii aaaeiie iao/ii-oaoie/aneie
i?iaeaia – iiauoaiea eioi?iaoeaiinoe aaieiai-aaioece/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee
ii?iae-eieeaeoi?ia a oiieineienouo ieioeaiiauo ioeiaeaieyo aaciauo
ianoi?iaeaeaiee I?aaeea?iaouey. Neiaeiinoue auaeaeaiey
ii?iae-eieeaeoi?ia a oiieineienouo n?aaeao, o?oaeiinoe ii?aaeaeaiey eo
eieeaeoi?neeo naienoa e ia?aiao?ia, iaoneiaeaiu eae naiei no?iaieai
ii?iaeu, oae e iaaunieie eioi?iaoeaiinoueth nouanoaothueo iaoiaeia
aaioece/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee. Iaee/ea a ieia?aeiae/aneii ninoaaa
ii?iae-eieeaeoi?ia aeoeani?iuo ieia?aeia, a oaeaea ieia?aeia
iaoneaaeeaathueo eo yeaeo?iiioth i?iaiaeiinoue nouanoaaiii nieaeaao
aiciiaeiinoe yeaeo?e/aneeo iaoiaeia, cao?oaeiyao eioa?i?aoaoeeth
?aaeeiaeoeaiuo iaoiaeia.
Iaiauaiea e aiaeec ?acoeueoaoia eaai?aoi?iuo e neaaaeeiiuo enneaaeiaaiee
iicaieeee auyaeoue iniaaiiinoe no?iaiey ii?iae-eieeaeoi?ia, onoaiiaeoue
iao?ioece/aneea nayce ieia?aeiae/aneiai ninoaaa ii?iaeu n eo
aieinoii-oeeueo?aoeeiiiie oa?aeoa?enoeeie. ?acee/ea ii?iae ieioeaia ii
no?oeoo?a ii?iaiai i?inoi?a, ?aciia niioiioaiea ia?ae/iuo e aoi?e/iuo
ieia?aeia, iaoneaaeeaaao iaiaeiicia/iinoue aaioece/aneie oa?aeoa?enoeee.
?ac?aaioaiiay ia iniiaa yenia?eiaioaeueiuo aeaiiuo eeanneoeeaoeey
ieioeaiiauo ioeiaeaiee iicaieyao iaeiicia/ii eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue ii?iaeu
a oiieineienoii aaieiae/aneii ?ac?aca ii aaioece/aneei oa?aeoa?enoeeai.
Auyaeaiu aaioece/aneea e?eoa?ee auaeaeaiey ioaeaeueiuo eeoieiae/aneeo
?aciinoae, iicaieeee ?ac?aaioaoue iaoiaeeeo ioeaiee eiyooeoeeaioa
aaciianuuaiiinoe a oiieineienoie n?aaea ii eiiieaeno oece/aneeo
ia?aiao?ia, n o/?oii aeoaeiu caeaaaiey ieanoa. N oeaeueth iienea
ianoiiaoiaeaeaiey a?aieoeu ieanoia, ioeaiee eo aieinoiie oa?aeoa?enoeee
oai?aoe/anee iainiiaaiu e i?aeoe/anee ?aaeeciaaiu niiniau e aeai?eoiu,
eioi?ua iniiaaiu ia aeaiiuo iiiaiciiaeiaiai iaeo?iiiiai ea?ioaaea, a
oaeaea eioi?iaoeee aaiia-iaoiaea. Ai?iaaoeey a i?ioeanna eco/aiey ii?iae
caeaaathueo a oiieineienouo n?aaeao yaea?ii-iaaieoiuo iaoiaeia iicaieeea
?ac?aaioaoue ?yae iaoiaeee ii ii?aaeaeaieth eo aieinoiuo e
oeeueo?aoeeiiiuo ia?aiao?ia.
Iaiauaiea ?acoeueoaoia aaieiai-aaioece/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee ieioeaiiauo
ioeiaeaiee Ea?iaoneie iaooaaaciiiniie i?iaeioeee ?aaeeciaaiu a iiaie
noaia eco/aiey e ?acaaaeee ianoi?iaeaeaiee aaca a Aeeue/a-Aieeoeeie
ciia.
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