6
oe?a?inueea aeaaeai?y aa?a?ieo iaoe
?inoeooo aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii?
aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie
_______________________________________________________
A?ea Iaoae?y Aaea???aia
OAeE 619:616.98:578.825.1:616.98:578.831.1:616-076
?ic?iaea iaoiaeo ae?aaiinoeee ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa oai?iae
Iuetheanea ca aeiiiiiaith oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a
16.00.03 – aaoa?eia?ia i?e?ia?ieia?y oa a??onieia?y
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe
Oa?e?a — 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia o ?inoeooo? aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii?
iaaeeoeeie Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:aeieoi? aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Aaae?i Aaea??e
Oaaei?iae/, ?inoeooo aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii?
iaaeeoeeie OAAI, caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi??? ?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a
?ioaeoe?eieo caoai?thaaiue
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:aeieoi? aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, aeaaeai?e OAAI
E?ani?eia Aaiiaae?e Aiae??eiae/, ?inoeooo aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii?
aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie OAAI, caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi??? iaoiii?oieia??
eaiaeeaeao aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe Iai?ea? ?ai? ?ai?aae/, Iieoaanueeee
aea?aeaaiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee ?inoeooo, a. i. aeioeaioa eaoaae?e
?ioaeoe?eii? iaoieia??
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: A?eioea?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao
I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie, eaoaae?a i?e?ia?ieia??,
a??onieia?? oa ciieia??, i. A?ea Oea?eaa
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “_22_”___/a?aiy___ 1999 ?. i _17-00_ aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.359.01 i?e ?inoeooo?
aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie OAAI (310023,
Oa?e?a-23, aoe. Iooe?inueea, 83)
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
aenia?eiaioaeueii? ? ee?i?/ii? aaoa?eia?ii? iaaeeoeeie OAAI (310023,
Oa?e?a-23, aoe. Iooe?inueea, 83).
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “_20__” __o?aaiy__ 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,aeieoi? aaoa?eia?ieo iaoe,
i?ioani? Eiia?aeaanueeee E.?.
CAAAEUeIA oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Na?aae ?ioaeoe?eieo oai?ia o ioao?aieoeoa? a oeae
/an iathoue iniaeeaa aeiiii?/ia cia/aiiy ?ioaeoe?eiee ea?eiaio?aoa?o
(?EO) ? iuetheanenueea oai?iaa (IO) (Iaeiaii e ae?., 1985; Gork et al.,
1989; King, 1996).
O ca’yceo c oe?ieei ?iciianthaeaeaiiyi caoai?thaaiue a??onii? ao?ieia??
ia?oi/a?aiaei caaaeaiiyi i?e i?iaaaeaii? caoiae?a i?io?eaeoeee ?
e?ea?aeaoe?? ?EO oa IO caeeoa?oueny nai?/ania iinoaiiaea ae?aaiico.
Aaeeeo ?ieue ia? aeni?an-ae?aaiinoeea, iniaeeai i?e aeine?aeaeaii?
cia/ii? e?eueeino? i?ia iaoieia?/iiai iaoa??aeo a?ae oaa?ei c ??cieie
oi?iaie i?iyao oai?iae, a oaeiae iaeiiiiiaioia ?aeaioeo?eaoe?y iaio
caoaeiee?a (Nth??i, *enoiaa, 1962).
Iaoiaee i?enei?aii? eaai?aoi?ii? ae?aaiinoeee ?ioaeoe?eieo oai?ia
?icaeaathoueny ia iniia? eeane/ieo noai a??onieia?/iiai aiae?co, ye?
caiaeyoueny aei aeae?eaiiy ?cieyoo a??ono c ianooiiith ?aeaioeo?eaoe??th
ca a?ieia?/ieie, ii?oieia?/ieie oa aioeaaiieie aeanoeainoyie.
Aaaaoiaoaii?noue oeeo ?ia?o iaoiiaeth? ?o o?eaae?noue ? i?aeoe/ii
aeeeth/a? aeni?ani?noue, yea a caaeiaieueiyea i?aeoeeo (Adair et al.,
1989; Cadman et al., 1997).
?iiae? iaiiaeeea?noue aeaoaeoe?? a??oniiai aioeaaio o iaoieia?/iiio
iaoa??ae? iia’ycaia ia c iecueeith /ooeea?noth ae?aaiinoe/ii? iaoiaeeee,
a c a?aenooi?noth o ?aaeoe?ei?e noi?o? iioeiaeueieo e?eueeinoae ?
ni?aa?aeiioaiue ?ioii?aaaaio?a, aiane?aeie /iai iaa?oue i?e ooai?aii?
eiiieaeno aioeaai–aioeo?ei aai o?enaoe?? eiiiiiaio?a ia eiiieaen?
aioeaai–aioeo?ei, iae?ineii?/ia ?aaeoe?y (aaiaaethoeiaoe?y,
i?aoeei?oaoe?y aai iaeo?ae?caoe?y) iiaea ia i?iyaeoeny. E??i oiai,
cia/iei iaaeie?eii oeeo ?aaeoe?e ? ianoaa?euei?noue ?, o ?yae?
aeiaaee?a, ianiaoeeo?/i?noue io?eiaieo aeaieo. O naith /a?ao
a?aenooi?noue iiaeeeaino? ?ino?oiaioaeueiiai iae?eo ?acoeueoao?a
aiinyoue noa’?eoea?ci o ?o ioe?ieo (Toth et al., 1977).
Iaeiei c iiaeeeaeo iaoiaeieia?/ieo i?aeoiae?a aei ae??oaiiy oe???
i?iaeaie ? aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a (IOC), yeee
aeicaiey? oaeaeei aeyaeoe caoaeieea oa aea? iiaeeea?noue iinoaaeoe
caeeth/iee ae?aaiic i?ioyaii 1 aiaeeie (Shibata et al., 1991; Williams
et al., 1992).
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeeiiaia oaia
aoiaeeoue aei ieaio iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o ?AEAI OAAI, cie?aia, aei
ca?a?no?iaaii? iaoeiai? oaiaoeee 07.08. “?ic?iaeoe eiiieaeniee iaa??
aeey ae?aaiinoeee a??onieo caoai?thaaiue ioeoe? ca aeiiiiiaith
oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a” (iiia? aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0197U000760).
Iaoa oa caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiue: ?ic?iaeoe e?eoa???
ae?aaiinoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a aeey
?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a ?EO oa IO o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? ioeoe? oa
i?iaanoe ii??aiyeueio ioe?ieo ?? a?aeiinii ?nioth/eo eaai?aoi?ieo
oano?a.
Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe iio??aii aoei ae??oeoe oae? caaaeaiiy:
– aeine?aeeoe iniaeeaino? iiii- oa ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae;
– aecia/eoe aieea oaiia?aoo?e eoeueoeaoaaiiy ia a?ieia?/i? aeanoeaino?
a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo;
– aea/eoe ??ai? iaeiie/aiiy a??ono ?EO (A?EO) i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? c
a??onii IO (AIO);
– io?eiaoe eiiiiiaioe ae?aaiinoe/iiai iaai?o aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ? iuetheanenueei? oai?iae iaoiaeii
oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a;
– i?iaanoe i?aea?? ciiae?a oa oaeineiiaeeoe iaoiae OC aeey ?iaeeeaoe??
a??on?a ?EO ? IO;
– ii??aiyoe ae?aaiinoe/io aoaeoeai?noue iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a
c ?nioth/eie eaai?aoi?ieie oanoaie (?OA, ?AA, ?CAA).
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aia?oa a Oe?a?i? aeey
ae?aaiinoeee anioe?eiaaieo ?ioaeoe?e (?EO oa IO) o eo?ae cai?iiiiiaaii
iaoiae OC.
Aia?oa aeine?aeaeaii ? cai?iiiiiaaii aeei?enoaiiy iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiiai
ca oioiiao?e/ieie iieacieeaie oeoi?anoeaioiiai ciiaeo AeNI-13.
Aea/aii aeeiai?eo oa iniaeeaino? iaeiie/aiiy a??on?a ?EO oa IO i?e
ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? ia eo?y/eo aia??iiao.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue ?iaioe
iieyaa? a oiio, ui aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiae aeei?enoaiiy
oeoi?anoeaioiiai ciiaeo AeNI-13 c iaoith aeyaeaiiy caoaeiee?a ?EO ? IO
ioeoe?. Aeaioiaeaii eiiiiiaioe, ui aoiaeyoue aei ae?aaiinoe/iiai iaai?o
aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? aeacaieo ?ioaeoe?eieo aaaio?a ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeo
OC.
Canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a o ii??aiyii? ?c
noaiaea?oieie ?aaeoe?yie (?AA, ?CAA, ?OA oa ?i.) i?enei?th? oa?i?i
ae?aaiinoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue caoaeiee?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo
oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae o 10–12 ?ac?a, ui na?ae/eoue i?i eiai
aeni?ani?noue ?, a?aeiia?aeii, iaaea? iiaeeea?noue aaoa?eia?i?e neoaea?
nai?/anii ia o?eueee iinoaaeoe ae?aaiic, aea e i?iaiicoaaoe ?icaeoie
ai?ciioe/ii? neooaoe??.
Aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ?
iuetheanenueei? oai?iae a oiiaao iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eaai?aoi??e
?ic?iaeaii i?iaeo “Oei/aniai? ianoaiiae ii ae?aaiinoeoe? ?EO ? IO ca
aeiiiiiaith oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a”.
Aecia/aia oaiia?aoo?ia caeaaei?noue aaeoeeiiiai ooaio AIAe?OI-O
(noaa?euei?noue ?ai?iaeoeoe?? i?e 39 N) aianaia aei oaoiieia?/iiai
?aaeaiaioo aeaioiaeaiiy aeeai? a??on-aaeoeeie i?ioe ?EO (OO O
46.15.304-98).
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaioii iiai?noth ? naiino?eii
aeeiiaii aanue ianya iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo ?ia?o, niinoa?aaeaiue ?
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue, i?iaaaeaia ?o noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea. Ia
i?aenoaa? aiae?co io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaioii noi?ioeueiaai?
iieiaeaiiy, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:
– aeine?aeeoe iniaeeaino? iiii- oa ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae;
– io?eiaoe eiiiiiaioe ae?aaiinoe/iiai iaai?o aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ? iuetheanenueei? oai?iae iaoiaeii
oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a;
– ii??aiyoe ae?aaiinoe/io aoaeoeai?noue iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a
c ?nioth/eie eaai?aoi?ieie oanoaie (?OA, ?AA, ?CAA).
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe??
aeiiia?aeaeenue oa ai?iaiaai? ia:
– can?aeaiiyo oa ca?oieo nan?yo A/aii? ?aaee ?AEAI OAAI 1997-1998 ??.
(ii ?icaeyaeo iaoa??ae?a ??/ieo ca?o?a ? ii ?acoeueoaoai ani??aioo?e);
– can?aeaiiyo iaoiaee/ii? ?aaee ?AEAI OAAI (1996–1998 ??.);
– I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Ae?aaiinoeea oai?ia
ioeoe?” (22–24 eeiiy 1997 ?., i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee);
– I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “?icaeoie aaoa?eia?ii?
iaoee a Oe?a?i?: caeiaooee oa i?iaeaie” (24–26 aa?aniy 1997 ?., i.
Oa?e?a);
– i?iaaaeai? i?aeeaai?aoi?i? eii?n?ei? aei?iaoaaiiy “Niiniao ?iaeeeaoe??
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ? iuetheanenueei? oai?iae iaoiaeii
oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a”, ye? ioi?ieai? a?aeiia?aeieie aeieoiaioaie.
No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeeeaaeai? ia 138 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo ? i?noyoue anooi,
iaeyae e?oa?aoo?e, aeani? aeine?aeaeaiiy, aeniiaee, i?aeoe/i?
i?iiiceoe??, nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ? aeiaeaoee. Nienie
aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e aeeth/a? 169 aeaea?ae, a oiio /ene? 70 –
?iicaiieo aaoi??a.
?iaioa ?ethno?iaaia 20 oaaeeoeyie oa 13 ?enoieaie.
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 4 iaoeia? ?iaioe o
oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo.
aeani? aeine?aeaeaiiy
Iaoa??aee ? iaoiaee. O ?iaio? aeei?enoiaoaaee:
1. Eoeueoo?e ee?oei: NIAA (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee
naeiae); IIE-66a (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ie ii?inyo);
INAE-30 (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee nea??nueeiai
a??nueeiai eica?iao); OAE (ia?aeiii o?einei?ciaaia eoeueoo?a
o?a?iaeano?a eo?y/eo aia??ii?a); AIE-21 (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i??
ee?oei ie?ee iiaiia?iaeaeaiiai n???enueeiai oiiy/ea); IE (eoeueoo?a
ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae); Vero
(eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee caeaii? iaaie); IE
(eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei iaeaee-?acona); IO (eoeueoo?a
ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee oaeyo); Hep-2 (eoeueoo?a
ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ai?oae?i?aeiiai ?aeo ai?oai? ethaeeie);
Hela (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ai?oae?i?aeiiai ?aeo oeeee
iaoee ethaeeie); RH (eoeueoo?a ia?auaiethaaii? e?i?? ee?oei ie?ee
aia??iia ethaeeie).
2. A??one: iuetheanenueei? oai?iae, aaeoeeiiee ooai Ea-Nioa;
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo, ooaie: a??oeaioiee A ? aaeoeeiiee
AIAe?OI-O; ei?iiaa??on A?O; ?ioaa??on iaai.
3. A?ia??ioii? niaoeeo?/i? ne?iaaoee: aei a??on?a iuetheanenueei?
oai?iae oa ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ioeoe?, ?ioaa??ono iaai;
ei?iiaa??ono A?O, aia??iiaeueia A?O oa ii?iaeueia a?ae e?ie?a ? ioeoe?,
yeeo oo?eioaaee a oiiaao, aeecueeeo aei NIO.
4. Oeoi?anoeaioi? ciiaee aeaio ?yae?a:
1) eoia?eiia?: IAeE; OOE; AOE; OOIE; AOIE; iaoien?eoia?ei;
2) i??ei?aeeiia?: AeNI; AeNI-6; AeNI-1; AeNI-13; AeII-2.
5. Eaai?aoi?i? oaa?eie oa ?io? a?ieia?/i? ia’?eoe. I?e i?iaaaeaii?
aeine?ae?a aoei aeei?enoaii 30 eo?/ao 90–110-aeaiiiai a?eo, 1 eica, 21
e?ieee, 3 i?aiy, 2500 eo?y/eo aia??ii?a 9–10-aeaiii? ?ieoaaoe??.
Ia?iaea ?ioaeoe?eiiai iaoa??aeo. Aeey a??onieia?/ieo ? na?ieia?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue aioeaaio a??ono ?EO (ooaie A oa AIAe?OI-O) a?ae
aenia?eiaioaeueii ca?aaeaii? ioeoe? (eo?/ao 90–110-aeaiiiai a?eo)
a?aeae?aee c?acee oeaiei i?aai?a aeeoaiiy (o?aoay, a?iioe, eaaai? ?
iia?o?yiini? i?oo?e), ye? caa??aaee i?e oaiia?aoo?? i?ion 12–18 N. I?e
oanooaaii? a??ono c?acee iaoiaoa??aeo ia?iaeyee oeyoii noniaiaeoaaiiy o
?ic/ei? Oaiena ca caaaeueiii?eeiyoeie iaoiaeeeaie.
A??onieia?/i? iaoiaee. Eoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a ?EO ? IO ia eo?y/eo
aia??iiao, ye? ?icaeaathoueny. A??on iuetheanenueei? oai?iae
eoeueoeaoaaee ia 9-aeiaiaeo aia??iiao, yeeo ca?aaeaee o aeaioi?nio
ii?iaeieio o aeic? 0,2 ni3 oa ?ieoaoaaee i?ioyaii 72 aiaeei i?e +37 oa
+39 N. Eoeueoeaoaaiiy a??ono ?EO cae?enithaaee ia 10–11-aeaiieo eo?y/eo
aia??iiao; ca?aaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ia oi??iiaeaioi?nio iaieiieo o ia’?i?
0,2 ni3, a ?ieoaaoe?th – i?ioyaii 120 aiaeei i?e +37 oa +39 N.
Ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a ?EO (aaeoeeiiee ? a??oeaioiee ooaie) oa IO
(ooai Ea-Nioa). Ni?aeoeueoeaaoe?th cae?enithaaee ia a?inenoai? – eo?y/ee
aia??ii, c aei?iaoaaiiyi aeaio iaoiae?a. Ca ia?oei iaoiaeii (iaoiae ?)
aeei?enoiaoaaee noi?o iaeiaeiaeo aeanyoe?aciaeo ?icaaaeaiue (10-1–10-7)
eiaeiiai a??ono, yeith ?io?eoaaee aia??iie c iiaeaeueoith ?ieoaaoe??th
i?ioyaii 72 oa 120 aiaeei ? aeae? a?aoiaoaaee e?ioeaaee oeo?
aaiaaethoeiaoe?? aeey eiaeiiai a??ono. Ca ae?oaei iaoiaeii (iaoiae ??)
aeei?enoiaoaaee noi?o ??aieo ia’?i?a iecueeiai ?icaaaeaiiy iaeiiai
a??ono c ??aieie ia’?iaie 10-?aciaeo ?icaaaeaiue ?ioiai. Oa?i?i
?ieoaaoe?? – ye i?e iaoiae? ?.
Ia?iaeo ?acoeueoao?a i?iaiaeeee ca oaeeie iieacieeaie:
– aeeiai?ea caaeaae? eo?y/eo aia??ii?a;
– oa?aeoa? ci?i ia OAI oa aia??ii? aeey eiaeiiai a??ono;
– iayai?noue aai a?aenooi?noue aaiaaethoeiaoe??;
– ?iaeeeaoe?y caoaeiee?a ca aeaieie ?CAA, IOC, ?OA.
Na?ieia?/i? iaoiaee. Aeey aeyaeaiiy a??on?a ?EO oa IO aoee aeei?enoai?:
?AA, ?CAA, ?OA, IOC.
I/enoea ? eiioeaio?aoe?y a??on?a ?EO ? IO. Aeey i/enoee ?
eiioeaio?oaaiiy a??on?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo canoiniaoaaee
caaaeueiii?eeiyo? o a??onieia?? iaoiaee. I?e oeueiio aeei?enoiaoaaee
??ci? o?i?/i? ?a/iaeie (o?aii-113, 10%-aee noeueoao aiii?th, oei?ioi?i
(1:3)), a oaeiae oeueo?aoeaio?eooaoaaiiy (oeaio?eooaa ?N-6).
Aecia/aiiy aioeaai?a a??on?a ?EO ? IA ca aeiiiiiaith oeoi?anoeaioieo
ciiae?a. I?iaaaeaiiy oeeo aeine?aeaeaiue neeaaeaeinue c 2-o aoai?a:
eiio?ieueii? oeoi?iiao??? ee?oei oa ?iaeeeaoe?? a??on?a ca IOC.
Eiio?ieueia oeoi?iiao??y ?ioaeoieo ee?oei. Aei 0,5 ni3 noniaic??
eoeueoo?e aeine?aeaeoaaieo ee?oei ia na?aaeiaeu? 199 c ai?noii 1 iei.
ee?oei/ni3 aeiaeaaaee 0,1 ni3 10%-aiai aiaeiiai ?ic/eio ciiaeo AeNI-13
aei e?ioeaai? eiioeaio?aoe?? 20 ieI, i?ney /iai ?ieoaoaaee 15–20 oaeeei
i?e +37 N c iiaeaeueoith oeoi?iiao???th ca aeiiiiiaith ethi?ianoeaioiiai
i?e?ineiia ETHIAI 1-1 c oioiiao?e/iith ianaaeeith OIAE-1A. Ca iaeeieoeth
aei??o oeoi?anoeaioe?? i?eeiaee na?aaei? cia/aiiy oeoi?anoeaioe?? 10–20
ee?oei (F) (Aeia?aoeia, 1989).
Aecia/aiiy aioeaaio a??ono ?EO ca aeiiiiiaith OC. Aei 0,5 ni3 noniaic??
iaei??? c aeine?aeaeoaaieo eoeueoo? ee?oei aeiaeaaaee 0,2 ni3 i?iae, yeo
eiio?iethaaee, noi?o ?ieoaoaaee 30 oaeeei i?e +37 N, i?ney /iai aiineee
0,1 ni3 aiaeiiai ?ic/eio iaeiiai c ciiae?a. A iiaeaeueoiio i?iaiaeeee
oeoi?iiao??th. Aaee/eia aei??thaaiiy oeoi?anoeaioe?? oiiaia, aiia
ae?aaea?oueny o iA. ?ic?aoiaoaaee na?aaeith a?eoiaoe/io aaee/eio
oeoi?anoeaioe?? 10 ee?oei aenia?eiaioaeueii? i?iae – wmetafile8?
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[email protected]???&??yyyy?????Ay®y?i???&??MathType??
[email protected][email protected]??????Cia/aiiy
iieacieea ?ioaineaiino? oeoi?anoeaioe?? E, yea aei??aithaaei 1,5 aai
aeua na?ae/eei i?i iayai?noue a??ono o aeine?aeaeoaai?e i?ia?.
Aeey i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy niaoeeo?/iino? aeyaeaiiai ?ioaeoe?eiiai aaaioa
aeei?enoiaoaaee aiii- oa aaoa?ieia?/i? a?ia??ioii? ne?iaaoee o
a?aeiia?aeiiio ?icaaaeaii?. C oe??th iaoith aei 0,1 ni3 i?iae aeiaeaaaee
0,1 ni3 niaoeeo?/ii? ne?iaaoee oa 0,5 ni3 ee?oeiii? noniaic??. Io?eiaio
noi?o ?ieoaoaaee i?ioyaii 30 oaeeei i?e 37 N, iio?i aeiaeaaaee 0,1 ni3
?ic/eio oeoi?anoeaioiiai ciiaeo ? i?iaiaeeee oeoi?iiao??th ca
aeuaaeacaiith iaoiaeeeith. Iayai?noue a??on?a aaaaea?oueny aeiaaaeaiith
i?e cia/aii? iieacieea ?ioaineaiino? oeoi?anoeaioe?? E ieae/a 1,5.
Aecia/aiiy aioeaaio a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae ca aeiiiiiaith OC.
Iaoiaeeea aiaeia?/ia aeuaiienai?e uiaei aeyaeaiiy aioeaaio a??ono
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo c o??th eeoa ??cieoeath, ui aeey
i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy niaoeeo?/iino? aeei?enoiaoaaee aiiieia?/io ne?iaaoeo.
Iaoiaee noaoenoe/ii? ia?iaee. ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaio?a noaoenoe/ii
ia?iaeyee ia eiii’thoa?? oeio IBM PC/AO, c aeei?enoaiiyi iaeaoo i?ia?ai
“Stadia” (1992 ?.).
?ACOEUeOAOE aeine?aeaeaiue
Aea/aiiy a?ieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae a??ono ?EO. I?e aea/aii? a?ieia?/ieo
aeanoeainoae a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui
iniaeeaino? iae?ineii?/ieo ci?i ia OAI, aeeeeeai? ?iciiiaeaiiyi
caoaeieea, caeaaeaoue a?ae aeice ? ooaio a??ono. Oae, i?e aaaaeaii?
eo?y/ei aia??iiai a iaeiaeia?e aeic? ooai A coiiaethaaa ooai?aiiy
aaeeeeo aiaieu iae?ico, a oie /an ye aaeoeeiiee ooai – a?eueo ae??aieo
aoceee?a aai ?o iiaio a?aenooi?noue i?e cia/i?e cii? iaa?yeo o i?noe?
aaaaeaiiy a??ono.
Ui noino?oueny iaoiaaiiino? a??ono o a?aeiioaii? aei eo?y/eo aia??ii?a,
ne?ae a?aecia/eoe, ui i?e ca?aaeaii? ooaiii A ?a?no?oaaee i?aeaeuaiiy
??aiy caaeaae? aia??ii?a ?c ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino? i?iaaaeaieo
ianaae?a, oa i?aeaeuaiiyi ?ioaeoe?eiiai oeo?o a??ono c 5,3 aei 6,8 lg
A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3. ?ioaeoe?eiee oeo? aaeoeeiiiai ooaio ca?eueooaaany c 4,7
aei 5,7 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3 ? i?e iiaeaeueoiio eoeueoeaoaaii? i?aeaeuaiiy
oeo?o ia niinoa??aaee.
Iaeii/anii aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e na??eiiio ianaaeoaaii? i?e +37 N
a?aeaoaaeinue i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy iaeiie/aiiy a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo o?eueee aei 3–4 ianaae?a.
A oie aea /an aoei eiinoaoiaaii, ui eoeueoeaoaaiiy iaio ooai?a a??ono
?EO i?e oaiia?aoo?? +39 N noi?iaiaeaeoaaeinue ca?eueoaiiyi e?eueeino?
a??ono ooaio A ia 2 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3, a ooaio AIAe?OI-O – ia 1,3 lg
A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3 o ii??aiyii? c eoeueoeaoaaiiyi i?e +37 N.
?ioaeoe?eia aeoeai?noue a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo i?e
caa??aaii? OAI, a?ae?a?aieo a?ae ca?aaeaieo aia??ii?a, o aeaioi?ni?e
??aeei?, a oaeiae o aeaeyae? 10%-ai? noniaic?? ia o?c?ieia?/iiio ?ic/ei?
i?e aaaaoi?aciaiio caii?iaeoaaii? – a?aeoathaaii? (oaiia?aoo?a i?ion
12 N) cieaeoaaeanue ia 2–3 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3. Iioeiaeueia
caa?aaeai?noue aeoeaiino? a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo i?ioyaii
6 i?nyoe?a aoea ca?a?no?iaaia i?e oaiia?aoo?? i?ion 18 N.
I?e aea/aii? aaiaaethoeioth/eo aeanoeainoae caoaeieea ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo (ooai AIAe?OI-O) aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui i?ioyaii 3
ianaae?a aaiaaethoeioth/a aeoeai?noue eiai c?inoaea c iiaeaeueoith
noaa?e?caoe??th. E??i oiai, aoei cao?eniaaii a?eueo aenieee oeo?
aaiaaethoei?i?a a??ono i?e oaiia?aoo?? eoeueoeaoaaiiy ?io?eiaaieo
aia??ii?a +39 N o ii??aiyii? c +37 N (a?aeiia?aeii 3,21130,12 oa
2,20750,12 lg).
Anoaiiaeaii, ui caaeaaeue aia??ii?a caeaaeaea a?ae aeice ca?aaeaiiy ?
ooaio a??ono. Oae, aaeoeeiiee ooai AIAe?OI-O o oeo?? 4,5 lg A?Ae
50/0,2 ni3 aeeeeeaa
caaeaaeue 20% ?io?eiaaieo aia??ii?a, a ooai A i?e aeic? ca?aaeaiiy 4,3
lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3 – 80%.
Ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ?
iuetheanenueei? oai?iae ia eo?y/eo aia??iiao. I?e i?iaaaeaii? aeine?ae?a
ii ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiith aoei anoaiiaeaii, ui iae?ineii?/i? ci?ie o
aeaeyae? aaeeeeo ? ae??aieo iae?ioe/ieo ae?eyiie ia oi??iiaeaioi?nieo
iaieiieao, oa?aeoa?ieo aeey ?icaeoeo a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo, aecia/aee o?eueee o aia??ii?a, ca?aaeaieo a??onii
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo iaoeaiei (5,3 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3) ? o
?icaaaeaii? aei 10-3 (2,3 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3). O aeueo ?icaaaeaiiyo (aei
10-5, 0,3 lg A?Ae 50/0,2 ni3) niinoa??aaee iae?ioe/i? ae?eyiee ?ici??ii
a?ae 2 aei 3 ii c ciiith iaa?yeo o i?noe? ?iieoeyoe?? a??ono aai
a?aenooi?noue iiae?aieo o?aaeaiue.
Iaiao?aeii i?aee?aneeoe, ui i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? a??on?a aia??iie
cia/ii a?aenoaaaee o ?icaeoeo a?ae ca?iaee?a, ca?aaeaieo iaeiei ?c
a??on?a, a iniaeeai a?ae eiio?ieueieo.
sse na?ae/aoue io?eiai? aeai?, i?e ?iieoeyoe?? iaoeaiiai a??ono
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae o ?icaaaeaiiyo
100–10-5 eieeaaiiy caaeaae? eo?y/eo aia??ii?a noaiiaeee a?ae 100 aei
20%. Ii i??? ciaioaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo o ?iieoeueiaai?e noi?o? ??aaiue iaoiaaiiino? aeey
ca?iaee?a cieaeoaaany. Cie?aia, i?e aaaaeaii? noi?o?, yea aeeth/aea
a??on ?EO o ?icaaaeaii? 10-1–10-2 oa a??on IO – 10-3–10-5, caaeaaeue
aia??ii?a ia ?a?no?oaaee. Aiaeia?/i? ?acoeueoaoe io?eiai? i?e ca?aaeaii?
ca?iaee?a caoaeieeii ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei?
oai?iae a?aeiia?aeii o eiioeaio?aoe?? 10-3–10-5 oa 10-1–10-5. Iaoa??aee
aea/aiiy iaoiaaiiino? caoaeiee?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ?
iuetheanenueei? oai?iae i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? a a?inenoai? iiaeai? o
oaaeeoe? 1.
Aeae?eaiiy a??on?a i?ney ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy. I?ney ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy
a??on?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae,
iaoa??ae c aia??ii?a aeine?aeaeoaaee o ?CAA aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? caoaeiee?a
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae, a i?e
a?aenooiino? iaeiiai c aioeaai?a, aeiaeaoeiai – o ?OA ? IOC, a oaeiae ia
EA i?ney ia?iaee iaoa??aeo ne?iaaoeith, aiiieia?/iith aeae?eaiiio
a??ono. I?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? o a?eueoino? aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?ia
anoaiiaeaii iaeiie/aiiy iaio a??on?a. Aeeeth/aiiy neeaee noi?o?, a yeeo
ia aoei aeyaeaii caoaeieea ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo (aeeth/aee
ianooii? ?icaaaeaiiy: 100–10-3 A?EO oa 10-7 –AIO; 10-5, 10-6 –A?EO oa
100–10-2 – AIO; 10-6 – A?EO ? AIO), a oaeiae caoaeieea iuetheanenueei?
oai?iae (100–10-3 – A?EO oa 10-7 – AIO). I?ney ?iieoeyoe?? a??ono
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo o ?icaaaeaii? 10-6, a a??ono
iuetheanenueei? oai?iae – 10-7 o c?aceao ia aoei aeyaeaii aeiaeiiai c
ieo. Cacia/ai? aeaii? iaaaaeai? o oaaeeoe? 2.
Oaaeeoey 1
Aea/aiiy iaoiaaiiino? a??on?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo
?iuetheanenueei? oai?iae i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? ia eo?y/eo aia??iiao,ui
?icaeaathoueny (Fm)
?icaa-
aeaiiy a?-
?ono ?EO?icaaaeaiiy a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae
? a?aenioie caaeaeeo
aia??ii?a100%10-1%10-2%10-3%10-4%10-5%10010/101005/51005/2405/1205/1205/
12010-110/101005/4805/2405/005/005/0010-210/5505/1205/1205/005/005/0010-
310/3305/005/005/005/005/0010-410/2205/005/005/005/005/0010-510/1105/005
/005/005/005/00I?ei?oee: 1. *enaeueiee – e?euee?noue ?io?eiaaieo
aia??ii?a.2. Ciaiaiiee – e?euee?noue caaeaeeo aia??ii?a.
Oaaeeoey 2
?acoeueoaoe aeyaeaiiy a??on?a ?EO oa IO i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii?
?icaaaeaiiy
A?EO?icaaaeaiiy a??ono
IO10010-110-210-310-410-510-610-7100CaaeaaeueCaaeaaeue?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO
?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/–10-1CaaeaaeueCaaeaaeue?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO
/–10-2?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/–10-3?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO
/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/–10-4?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO
?EO/IO?EO/–10-5–/IO–/IO–/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/–10-6–/IO–/IO–/IO
?EO/IO?EO/IO?EO/IO–/IO–/–I?ei?oee:1.?EO/IO – ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a
ca iaoiaeeeith ?.
2. ?EO/IO – ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a ca iaoiaeeeith II.
3. “–” – a??on ia aeyaeaii.
Oeo?e aaiaaethoei?i?a i?ney ni?aeoeueoeaoaaiiy nooo?ai ia a?ae??ciyeenue
a?ae oeo??a i?e iiiieoeueoeaoaaii? ye a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo, oae ? a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae. Na?aaeiy
aaiiao?e/ia oeo?o aaiaaethoei?i?a a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo
i?e iiiieoeueoeaoaaii? aoea 5,90,3 lig2, a i?e ni?aeoeueoeaoaaii? neeaea
5,770,02 lig2, a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae – 9,970,02 lig2 ? 9,730,02
lig2, a?aeiia?aeii.
I?eeiath/e aei oaaae aeuacacia/aia, iiaeia c?iaeoe ianooii? aeniiaee.
1. I?e i?iaaaeaii? ni?eueiiai eoeueoeaoaaiiy a??on?a ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo ? iuetheanenueei? oai?iae o iaei?e a?ieia?/i?e nenoai?
ia ca?a?no?iaaii i?iyao ?ioa?oa?aioe?? i?ae /an ?o ?aie?eaoe??. Iaeiae
aoei a?aei?/aii, ui aia??iie, ca?aaeai? iaiia a??onaie, cia/ii
a?aenoaaaee o ?icaeoeo a ii??aiyii? ?c ca?iaeeaie, ?io?eiaaieie iaeiei c
ieo, oa iniaeeai c eiio?ieueieie.
2. ?iieoeyoe?y noi?o?, aei neeaaeo yei? aoiaeeee a??on ?EO o ?icaaaeaii?
10-3–10-4 oa IO o ?icaaaeaii? 10-1–10-5, ia aeeeeeaea caaeaae? eo?y/eo
aia??ii?a. I?eeiath/e aei oaaae, ui a oeueiio aeiaaeeo aeyaeyeenue
iaeaeaa caoaeieee, ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ?o ?icaaaeaiue iiaeia aaaaeaoe
iioeiaeueieie aeey ca?aaeaiiy ca?iaee?a c iaoith iiaeaeueoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue ii ?ic?iaoe? anioe?eiaaii? aaeoeeie i?ioe ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo oa iuetheanenueei? oai?iae.
Aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a aeey ae?aaiinoeee ?EO ? IO.
I?aea?? oeoi?anoeaioii? ?a/iaeie ? aecia/aiiy ?? ?iai/i? eiioeaio?aoe??.
C o?aooaaiiyi aenia?eiaio?a ii aea/aiith ?ioaineaiino? na?/aiiy
na?aeii?eaioiaeaieo ciiae?a iaea?eueo i?eaeaoieie c aei?iaoaaieo
oeoi?io?ii?a aoee AeNI-1, AeNI-13 ? AeII-2.
*a?ac 6 i?nyoe?a caa??aaiiy i?e +4 N o oaiiiio i?noe? aoei aecia/aii, ui
o ?icaaaeaii? 10-1 I iieacieee na?o?iiy an?o ?ic/ei?a aeacaieo ciiae?a
ia ci?ithaaeenue. Oioiiao?e/i? iieacieee oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a
i??ei?aeeiiaiai ?yaeo cia/ii cieceeenue o ii??aiyii? c ii/aoeiaith
oeoi?anoeaioe??th, a naia: o ?icaaaeaii? 10-3 I ciiae AeNI-1 ciecea
na?o?iiy o 5,5 ?ac?a, a AeNI-13 – o 1,4 ?ace, AeII-2 – a 30 ?ac?a. Oaeei
/eiii, iaea?eueo noaa?eueiei ciiaeii aeyaeany AeNI-13. O caceo c oei, ui
AeII-2 cia/ii ciecea naith aeoeai?noue, oiaoi aoa iano?eeei oeo?io?iiii,
aeae? eiai o aeine?aeaeaiiyo ia aeei?enoiaoaaee.
Ca ?acoeueoaoaie iiaeaeueoeo aenia?eiaio?a anoaiiaeaii, ui e?ioeaaa
eiioeaio?aoe?y oeoi?anoeaioieo ?a/iaei aeey AeNI-1 neeaea 14 ieI, a aeey
AeNI-13 – 20 ieI.
I?aea?? ca aeiiiiiaith oeoi?anoeaioiiai ciiaeo oano-eoeueoo? aeey
?iaeeeaoe?? a??ono ?EO ? IO. Aei a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae ? a??ono
?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo aeyaeeenue /ooeeaeie o?e e?i?? eoeueoo?
ee?oei: IIE-66a, NIAA ? INAE-30. Ia?aaaaa aoea a?aeaeaia eoeueoo??
ee?oei NIAA, oiio ui aiia iaea?eueo inai?ia oa iioe?aia a ?iaio?
ae?iaie/eo eaai?aoi??e.
Aecia/aiiy niaoeeo?/iino? ne?iaaoie aei A?EO ? AIO. I?eioeei
aeine?aeaeaiiy niaoeeo?/iino? a?ia??ioiieo ne?iaaoie iieyaaa o oiio, ui
o ?acoeueoao? iaeo?ae?caoe?? a??ono niaoeeo?/ieie aioeo?eaie, caoaeiee
ao?a/aa caeaoi?noue ca’ycoaaoeny c ?aoeaioi?aie ee?oeie. I?e oeueiio
noai iaia?ai ee?oei-i?oai?a ia ci?ithaaany ? iieaciee ?ioaineaiino?
oeoi?anoeaioe?? (E) ia ia?aaeuoaaa eiio?ieueiiai cia/aiiy. O aeiaaeeo
a?aenooiino? o ne?iaaooe? niaoeeo?/ieo aioeo?e, iaeo?ae?caoe?? a??ono ia
a?aeaoaaeinue, aioeaai ni?aoaaany ia ?aoeaioi?e ieaciieaie, ui
i?ecaiaeeei aei ooieoe?iiaeueieo ci?i ee?oei ? iieaciee ?ioaineaiino?
oeoi?anoeaioe?? E aei??aithaaa aai ia?aaeuoaaa 1,5. Iaoa??aee oeeo
aeine?aeaeaiue i?aaenoaaeai? o oaaeeoe? 3.
Oaaeeoey 3
?acoeueoaoe aea/aiiy niaoeeo?/iino? a?ia??ioiieo ne?iaaoieaei a??on?a
?EO ? IO iaoiaeii oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a o NIAA
Oa?aeoa?enoeea
aeine?aeaeoaaiiai
iaoa??aeoAeine?aeaeoaai? a??oneIaaa-
oeaiee
aioeaai?EO (aae-
oeeiiee)?EO
(A)IO?ioa-
(iaai)Ei?iia-
(A?O)Aac ne?iaaoee1,021,781,962,111,621,56Aia??iiaeueia
ne?iaaoea A?O1,041,831,922,031,571,60Niaoeeo?/ia
ne?iaaoea aei ?EO1,071,10*1,04*2,001,561,58Niaoeeo?/ia
ne?iaaoea aei IO1,061,851,901,15*1,631,55Niaoeeo?/ia ne?iaaoea
aei ?ioaa??on?a iaai1,021,811,932,161,03*1,64Niaoeeo?/ia ne?iaaoea
aei ei?iiaa??on?a A?O1,051,891,962,051,591,02*Eoeueoo?a ee?oei
aac a??ono1,01,01,01,01,01,0I?ei?oea. * – cieaeaiiy iieacieea
?ioaineaiino? oeoi?anoeaioe?? E o c?aceao, ye? i?noyoue a??on ?
aiiieia?/io ne?iaaoeo.
?iaeeeaoe?y ? ?aeaioeo?eaoe?y a??on?a ?EO ? IO iaoiaeii OC o
?ioaeoe?eiiio iaoa??ae?. I?e ?iaeeeaoe?? a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai
ea?eiaio?aoa?oo iaoiaeii oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a o c?aceao iaoieia?/iiai
iaoa??aeo, io?eiaiiai a?ae ca?aaeaieo aia??ii?a ? aenia?eiaioaeueii
?io?eiaaieo eo?/ao (oiaoi o i?iaao, aei neeaaeo yeeo aoiaeea iaoa??ae,
ui i?noeoue a??on, ? ii?iaeueia ne?iaaoea) iieaciee E eieeaaany a?ae
1,75 aei 5,09. Na?aaei?e iieaciee E ia?oi? aea??ee (I) – 2,4, na?aaeiy
noaoenoe/ia iiieeea (m) – 0,09, aeenia?n?y (S2) – 0,39, t=2,0.
I?ney aianaiiy niaoeeo?/ii? ne?iaaoee na?aaei?e iieaciee ?ioaineaiino?
oeoi?anoeaioe?? E neeaa 1,57, na?aaeiy noaoenoe/ia iiieeea – 0,06,
aeenia?n?y – 0,2, t=2,0.
Aiaeia?/i? aenia?eiaioe aoee i?iaaaeai? ii ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? a??ono
iuetheanenueei? oai?iae ?c iaoiaoa??aeo ?io?eiaaieo aia??ii?a. Oae, ca
?acoeueoaoaie oioiiao?e/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue c?ace?a iaoiaoa??aeo c
ii?iaeueiith ne?iaaoeith, na?aaei?e iieaciee ?ioaineaiino?
oeoi?anoeaioe?? (E) neeaa 2,6, na?aaeiy noaoenoe/ia iiieeea – 0,2,
aeenia?n?y – 1,25, t=2,0, a i?ney aca?iiae?? c niaoeeo?/iith
ne?iaaoeith: na?aaei?e iieaciee ?ioaineaiino? oeoi?anoeaioe?? (E) aoa
1,4, na?aaeiy noaoenoe/ia iiieeea – 0,09, aeenia?n?y – 0,3, t=2,0.
Iiaeia c?iaeoe aeniiaie i?i oa, ui iieaciee ?ioaineaiino? na?o?iiy (E)
aeine?aeaeoaaii? i?iae, yea i?noeoue a??on ?EO aai IO, i?ney aca?iiae??
?c niaoeeo?/iith ne?iaaoeith cieaeoaaany o 1,5 ? a?eueoa ?ac?a, ui
na?ae/eoue i?i aeinoia??i?noue niaoeeo?/ii aeyaeaiiai a??oniiai aaaioa.
Eiia??i?noue iiieeee a oeueiio aeiaaeeo neeaaea? 0,01%.
Oaeei /eiii, ?acoeueoaoe aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a
aeey ?iaeeeaoe?? ? ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? a??ono ?ioaeoe?eiiai ea?eiaio?aoa?oo
? a??ono iuetheanenueei? oai?iae i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue eiai niaoeeo?/i?noue
? /ooeea?noue. E??i oiai, ca oaeaee?noth io?eiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a oeae
iaoiae iiaeia a?aeianoe aei eaoaai??? aeni?an-iaoiae?a. Iaei??th c
iiceoeaieo iniaeeainoae iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a ? oaeiae
iiaeeea?noue ?aeaioeo?eaoe?? caoaeiee?a ia o?eueee i?e iiii-, a e i?e
anioe?eiaaieo caoai?thaaiiyo.
Aecia/aiiy ae?aaiinoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iaoiaeo oeoi?anoeaioieo ciiae?a o
ii??aiyii? c ?ioeie eaai?aoi?ieie oanoaie. Iaoa??aee ii??aiyeueii?
ioe?iee eaai?aoi?ieo oano?a: ?OA, IOC, ?CAA oa ?cieyoe?? a??ono ?EO o
a?ieia?/i?e nenoai? iiaeai? o oaaeeoe? 4.
Oaaeeoey 4
Ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? ?OA, IOC ? ?CAA o ii??aiyii? c aeae?eaiiyia??ono
?EO ia eo?y/eo aia??iiao, ui ?icaeaathoueny
?aaeoe?y
iaoiae?aIiceoea-
ieo i?iaIaaaoea-
ieo i?iaAnueiaiA?aenioie ni?aiaae?iiyIiceoeai?/
Iaaaoeai?AnueiaiAeae?eaiiy a??ono ia EA682896?OA
+6687497,11,7289,63,31* –2202271,44,64IOC +5815985,33,6388,53,48
–10273796,41,91?CAA +3674352,95,1259,36,56 –32215375,04,44P
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