3
OA?NIINUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
OAAeAEEAeAAEAeIA IEAENAIAe? ?EE?*
OAeE 636.2.-083.37
I?AeAEUAIIss A?AeAIAe?AAEUeIEO ? I’ssNIEO ssEINOAE
AE*E?A *A?AIII? NOAIIAI? II?IAeE C AEEI?ENOAIIssI
IA?AIAO??A ?IOAINEAIINO? ?INOO
06.02.01. – ?icaaaeaiiy oa naeaeoe?y oaa?ei
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe
Oa?nii – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?
I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee : aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, i?ioani?
Aia/aiei Ai?en Iiaeyiiae/,
Oa?niinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aiae?ae? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nue-
eeo oaa?ei
Io?oe?eiee iiiiaio : aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,
Eiiiiaiei Iaae?y Aieiaeeie??aia,
?inoeooo oaa?eiieoeoaa noaiiaeo ?aeii?a
?i. I.O.?aaiiaa “Aneai?y Iiaa” OAAI,
caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eii neioa?noaa
Io?oe?eiee iiiiaio : eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, aeioeaio
Ie?iiia A?eoi? Aaa?eeiae/,
Oa?niinueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao,
aeioeaio eaoaae?e niaoe?aeueii? ciioaoi??
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa : Iaeanueeee aea?aeaaiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee
?inoeooo I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie,i.Iaeana
Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 26 ” n?/iy 1999 ?.
i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 47.830.02
a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?
(Oa?nii – 6, aoe. ?.Ethenaiao?a, 23, aoaeeoi??y 64 )
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Oa?niinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 325006, i.Oa?nii-6,
aoe. ?.Ethenaiao?a, 23
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 23 ” a?oaeiy 1998 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii?
a/aii? ?aaee, aeioeaio
Ea?aioc A.Ae.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. I?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aaeoc? neioa?noaa ?
ca?eueoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa yeiae/eie a no/anieo oiiaao aaco?oueny ia
o?eueee ia aeiaeaoeiaeo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyo, ai?iaaaeaeaii? iiaeo
oaoiieia?e, aea ? ia aeei?enoaii? iaeiia?oeo iaoiae?a ?icaaaeaiiy oa
naeaeoe??.
O ca’yceo c oeei aaaeeeaiai cia/aiiy iaaoaa? ?ic?iaea e?eoa???a
ocaaaeueiaii? ioe?iee i?e eiiieaeooaaii? a?oi iieiaeiyea aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae aeey a?aeaiae?ae? ca eiiieaenii i??ieo iciae. Ca?aeii
oai?aoe/ieo iniia iaoiaeo noaa?e?coth/iai aeiai?o a oaa?eiieoeoa?
(AEeaioianueeee E.A.,1984; Eieaniee I.I.,1985) aeae?eaiiy a iaaeao
ii?iaee ae/e?a iiaeaeueiiai eeano, i?ion ? iethn-aa??aio?a aeicaiey?
iaoe iniaei c ??ciei ??aiai i?enoiniaaiino? aei eiie?aoieo oiia aiae?ae?
oa oo?eiaiiy.
No/aniith ? ?ic?iaea iaoiae?a ?aiiueiai i?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoe-oeaiino? c
aeei?enoaiiyi ia?aiao??a a?iiao?e/ii? ia?iaee iieaciee?a ?inoo, ?icaeoeo
? i?iaeoeoeaieo iciae. Oea aeicaieeoue a?ae?a?aoe oaa?ei ca aeeaith
ianith i?e ia?iaeaeaii? ? i?e aeei?enoaii? iieaciee?a ?ioaineaiino?
oi?ioaaiiy iaoe ?ioaa?aeueio ioe?ieo oaiioeio iniaei a iaaeao
iiioeyoe??.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaith oaiaoeeith. Aeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
neea-aeiaith /anoeiith ieaio iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o eaoaae?e
?icaaaeaiiy oa naeaeoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oaa?ei Oa?niinueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (? aea?ae. ?a?no?aoe?? 0195U028318):
“?ic?iaea aaiaoe/ieo iniia naeaeoe?? oaa?ei c aeei?enoaiiyi
no/anieo aeinyaiaiue iiioeyoe?eii? ? aeieia?/ii? aaiaoeee”.
Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiue aoei aea/aiiy
a?aeaiae?aaeueieo ? i’ynieo iniaeeainoae ae/e?a /a?aiii? noaiiai?
ii?iaee ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo ca iieacieeaie aeeai? iane i?e
ia?iaeaeaii?, aea/aiiy ?ioaineaiino? oi?ioaaiiy ae/e?a ??cieo eean?a
?iciiae?eo ca i??ieie iciaeaie ? aecia/aiiy ia?aiao??a aeey ?aiiueiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino?.Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe aoee iinoaaeai? oae?
caaaeaiiy:
– aea/eoe aeeiai?eo aeeai? iane ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo ca aeeaith
ianith i?e ia?iaeaeaii?;
– aeine?aeeoe ??no, ?icaeoie, aenoa?’??i? iniaeeaino? ? iieacieee
a?aeaiae?aaeueieo yeinoae ae/e?a;
– aecia/eoe i’ynio i?iaeoeoeai?noue, iieacieee ii?oieia?/iiai oa
o?-i?/iiai neeaaeo i’yna ? e?ia? ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo;
anoaiiaeoe ca’ycie i?ae iieacieeaie aeeai? iane ? ?ioaineaiino?
oi?ioaaiiy aeey ?iciiae?eo ae/e?a aei iiaeaeueiiai eeano, i?ion ?
iethn-aa??aio?a;
– aecia/eoe iioeiaeuei? ia?aiao?e i??ieo iciae ae/e?a aeey
i?ia-iicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? a ?aiiueiio a?oe? c aeei?enoaiiyi
iieaciee?a ?ioaineaiino? oi?ioaaiiy ? iai?oaeaiino? ?inoo;
– aecia/eoe o?eaae?noue a?aeaiae?ae? oa aeiiii?/io aoaeoeai?noue
ae?i-uoaaiiy ia i’yni ae/e?a c ??ciith ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia. Aia?oa a oiiaao I?aaeiy Oe?a?ie aea/ai?
a?aeai-ae?aaeuei? iniaeeaino? ? i’ynia i?iaeoeoeai?noue ae/e?a /a?aiii?
noaiiai? ii-?iaee ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo ca i??ieie iciaeaie.
I?iaaaeaia ii??aiyeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeoeoeaieo yeinoae ae/e?a ?
anoaiiaeai? a?aeiia?aei? eeane ca ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy (I-,I0,I+),
ui aeicaieeei aecia/eoe iioeiaeueiee a?eiaee ia??iae aeey ?aiiueiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy i’ynii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? oaa?ei, a oaeiae iniiai? ?aiae ca
aeeaith ianith i?e ia?iaeaeaii? aeey eiiieaeooaaiiy iaeii??aeieo
??aiiaaaiaeo a?oi aeey a?aeaiae?ae?.
I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue ?iaioe. A?aea?? oaa?ei ca i??ieie iciaeaie c
iiaeaeueoei ?iciiae?eii o a?aeiia?aei? a?oie i?e aeeoa?aioe?eiaai?e
aiae?ae? ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith ?o i’ynii? i?iaeoeoeaiino?. Aeei?enoaiiy
iieaciee?a ioe?iee ae/e?a ca ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy ? iai?oaeai?noth
?inoo aeicaiey? o ii/aoeiaee iinoaia??iiaeueiee ia??iae i?iaiicoaaoe
i?iaeoeoeai?noue ? aeeao iano iai?ee?ioe? a?aeaiae?ae? (24 i?n.).
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Iiaiee ianya aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue, cae?aiiy, ia?iaea ? aiae?c ia?aeiieo aeaieo oa
oi?ioethaaiiy iniiaieo iieiaeaiue aeeiiai? iniaenoi aaoi?ii i?e
iaoiaee/iiio ni?eyii? iaoeiaiai ea??aieea.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. Iaoa??aee oa ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeiiia?aeaeenue ? noaaeai? ia:
-iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? I?aaeaiiiai IOe IAI Oe?a?ie- (Oa?nii,
1994) ;
-iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? cii?iaeaia?iiai oaeoeueoaoo
Oa?niinueeiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ?inoeoooo (Oa?nii, 1998);
-ni?eueiiio can?aeaii? eaoaae? ?icaaaeaiiy oa naeaeoe?? n.-.a. oaa?ei,
aiae?ae? n.-a. oaa?ei, niaoe?aeueii? ciioaoi??, o?i?? oa ii?oieia??
n.-a. oaa?ei Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
(Oa?nii,1998).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaaii 5 noaoae.
Ianya oa no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 160 noi??ieao
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, ?ethno?iaaia 58 oaaeeoeyie, 5 ?enoieaie. Aiia
neeaaea?oueny c anooio, iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e, iaoiaeeee aeine?aeaeaiue,
?acoeueoao?a aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue, aeniiae?a, i?iiiceoe?e
ae?iaieoeoao, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e, yeee aeeth/a? 155
aeaea?ae, 16 aeiaeaoe?a.
IAOA??AE OA IAOIAeEEA AeINE?AeAEAIUe
Aeine?aeaeaiiy ii oai? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe i?iaaaeai? a ENI “Ci?y”
A?eica?nueeiai ?aeiio Oa?niinueei? iaeano? a 1993-1996 ?ieao. Ia’?eoii
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue aoee ae/ee /a?aiii? noaiiai? ii?iaee.
Ia ia?oiio aoai? aeine?aeo aea/aeenue iieacieee ?inoo, ?icaeoeo,
i?iaeoeoeai? yeino? ae/e?a a ??ci? a?eia? ia??iaee, aeey /iai aoee
noi?iiaai? o?e a?oie oaa?ei ca iciaeith aeeai? iane i?e ia?iaeaeaii?
(oaae.1).
Oaaeeoey 1 – Noaia aeine?aeo
Aoai aeine?aeaeaiueA?oia, eean ?iciiae?eoE?euee?noue, aie?aAEeaa iana
i?e ia?iae-aeai?,ea1. Aea/aiiy aieeao noaa?e?coth/iai aeiai?o ia
iieacieee ?inoo, ?icaeo-eo ? i?iaeoeoeai? yeino? ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi
?iciiae?eo ca aeeaith ianith i?e ia?iaeaeaii? ?
??
???15
15
15
20-25
26-30
31-35
2. Aea/aiiy ?ioaineaiino? oi?io-aaiiy ae/e?a ??cieo eean?a ?iciiae?-eo
ca i??ieie iciaeaie oa aecia-/aiiy ia?aiao??a aeey ?aiiueiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino?I+
I0
I-15
15
1520-25
26-30
31-35
Oeiia? ?aoe?iie i?aeaeine?aeieo a?oi ae/e?a iaee iaeiaeiaee iaa??
ei?i?a, aaeainoaaeenue ca?aeii aeaoae?ciaaieo ii?i (Iicae??i I.O.,1991).
Iiaeeai?noue ei?i?a aecia/aeanue ca oaeoe/ieie aeaieie o?i?/iiai
neeaaeo.
Eiio?ieue ca ?inoii ? ?icaeoeii iieiaeiyea i?iaiaeeee oeyoii
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai caaaeoaaiiy i?e ia?iaeaeaii?, o a?oe?
1,2,3,4,5,6,9,12,18,24 i?nyoe?a. Aenoa?’??i? iniaeeaino? aea/aeenue
i?ney acyooy i?ii???a i?e ia?iaeaeaii? ? o a?oe? 3,6,12,18,24 i?nyoe?a c
iiaeaeueoei ?ic?aooieii ?iaeaen?a aoaeiae o?ea.Ii?oieia?/i? oa
a?io?i?/i? iieacieee e?ia? aea/aee o a?oe? 6 oa 24 i?nyoe?a.
Aeey aecia/aiiy caa?eieo yeinoae ? i’ynii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? aoa
i?iaaaeaiee eiio?ieueiee caa?e ae/e?a o a?oe? 24 i?nyoe?a ii o?e aieiae
c a?oie. Ii?oieia?/iee neeaae ooo aea/aee iaoiaeii iaaaethaaiiy e?aeo
iai?aooo, ?icae?eyth/e ?o ia aiaoii?/i? a?ae?oae c iiaeaeueoei
aeae?eaiiyi i’yeio? oa e?noie.
Ia ae?oaiio aoai? aeine?aeo aea/aee ?ioaineai?noue oi?ioaaiiy
i?aeaeine?aeieo ae/e?a ca iieacieeaie aeeai? iane a ??ci? a?eia?
ia??iaee, ia i?aenoaa? yeeo aoee ?ic?aoiaai? ?iaeaene ?ioaineaiino?
oi?ioaaiiy :
wmetafile8? ??A???????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
A`???&??yyyy?????Ayyy±yyy ??q?????&??MathType???
???u?????????”????-?????`???`g???`th
???`y???u?th??????
wmetafile8? ???????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
@????&??yyyy?????Ayyy¦yyyA??ae?????&??MathType??`????u
y??????Ca ?acoeueoaoaie ?ic?aooie?a anoaiiaeee o?e eeane: oaa?ei a
iaaeao wmetafile8? ??u????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
`a???&??yyyy?????Ayyy±yyy ???????&??MathType??P?
???u?????????”????-?????W?@????W?r???u?th??????A aeine?ae?
oaeiae aea/aee aia?a?th ?inoo ae/e?a, oiaoi ??aaiue na?aaeiueiaeiaiaeo
i?e?ino?a a noi?aei? a?eia? ia??iaee. Iai?oaeai?noue ?inoo iieiaeiyea
aecia/aee ca oi?ioeith A.I.Eiaaeaiea (1996) :
wmetafile8? ??i????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????a
???&??yyyy?????Ayyy?yyya??™?????&??MathType??A?
???u?????????”????-??????/????L???u?th??????
AI – a?aeiiniee i?e??no aeeai? iane; NI – na?aaeiueiaeiaiaee i?e??no
aeeai? iane, ea; wmetafile8? ??????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
Aa???&??yyyy?????AyyyAEyyy ??†?????&?
?MathType??0????u?th??????Iaoiaeii aeenia?n?eiiai aiae?co aea/aeanue
aaee/eia ? nooo?a?noue ?iciiae?eo oaa?ei a a?oie ? eeane ca i??ieie
iciaeaie i?iaeoeoeaiino? o a?aeiia?aei? a?eia? ia??iaee.
C iaoith aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueieo ia?aiao??a ca i??ieie iciaeaie aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? a ?aiiueiio a?oe? aoea aecia/aia
ei?a-eyoe?eia caeaaei?noue i?ae iieacieeaie ?ioaineaiino? oi?ioaaiiy ?
iai?o-aeai?noth ?inoo c iieacieeaie aeeai? iane o a?aeiia?aei? a?eia?
ia??iaee.
Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ae?iuoaaiiy ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo
?ic?aoiaaia ca aa?o?noth aeiaeaoeiai io?eiaiiai i?e?inoo aeeai? iane ca
ni?anoaaieie oe?iaie 1996 ?ieo.
An? noaoenoe/i? iaoa??aee ia?iaeai? iaoiaeii a?iiao?e/iiai aiae?co ia
i?e?ieaeueeoeyoi?ao IE-61, IE-62 oa IE-51 c aeei?enoaiiyi aeai?eoi?a,
cai?iiiiiaaieo I.I.Ieioeinueeei (1969,1975).
?ACOEUeOAOE AeINE?AeAEAIUe
I?iaeoeoeai? yeino? ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo
I?iaeoeoeai?noue ae/e?a ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eo ca iieacieeaie aeeai?
iane i?e ia?iaeaeaii? aea/aeanue ia oii? iii??ii? iiaiioe?iii? aiae?ae?
c caieaiiaaieie na?aaeiueiaeiaiaeie i?e?inoaie 600-700 a a ia??iae
ae?iuoaaiiy oa 700-800 a a ia??iae aei?iuoaaiiy ? a?aeaiae?ae?.
Ae/e?a i?e oi?ioaaii? a?oi a?aeae?aee ca iieacieeaie aeeai? iane i?e
ia?iaeaeaii? c oei, uia ??cieoey a iaaeao eiaeii? a?oie ia ia?aaeuoaaea
15-17% (Aeyeia N.I., 1986). Oaeoe/ii aeeaa iana oaa?ei o i?aeaeine?aeieo
a?oiao noaiiaeea, ea: ?-24,1; ??-27,7; ???-33,0, a ?ica?aei?noue
aei??aithaaea, %: 8,6; 15,3; 12,9 a?aeiia?aeii.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui a?ae ia?iaeaeaiiy aei 24-i?ny/iiai a?eo oaa?eie
a?ae??ciyeenue ca aeeaith ianith, i?iaeoeoeai?noth ? aenoa?’??ieie
iieac-ieeaie, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeo? iayai?noue aioo??oiueiii??aeieo
aaiioei?/ieo a?aei?iiinoae (oaae.2).
Oaaeeoey 2 – Aeeiai?ea aeeai? iane i?aeaeine?aeieo ae/e?a
A?e,A?oia ?iciiae?eoi?n.??????i?e ia?iaeae.
3
6
9
12
18
2424,13±0,22
66,53±1,14
126,87±0,45
181,00±1,08
241,13±2,83
369,80±2,34
490,53±2,5327,73±0,36
75,60±0,99
137,27±0,43
192,87±1,08
257,47±1,74
396,73±2,36
534,40±2,7633,07±0,32
80,40±0,75
146,33±0,93
204,00±0,77
271,33±1,32
418,67±1,97
571,07±2,01
Iaeaeuo aeeao iano ca aeine?aeiee ia??iae io?eiaii o aaeeeeo i?e
ia?iaeaeaii? ae/e?a (??? a?oia) – 571 ea, ui a?eueoa, i?ae o na?aaei?o
(?? a?oia) ? i?eeeo (? a?oia) iaeiie?oe?a ia 37 ? 81 ea, aai ia 6,5 ?
14,1%.?acoeueoaoe ia?iaee noaoenoe/ieo aeaieo i?iaeoeoeaiino? na?ae/aoue
i?i a?eueo aenie? i?e?inoe aaeeeeo ae/e?a, noaa?euei?noue ?inoo ?
?icaeoeo na?aaei?o oaa?ei ? nei?inoeae?noue i?eeiai ca ianith iieiaeiyea
(oaae.3).
Oaaeeoey 3 – Aeeiai?ea i?e?ino?a aeeai? iane ae/e?a
A?oia ae/e?aA?e,??????i?n.na?aae-iuei-aeia., a
aanietho-iee, eana?aae-iuei-aeia., aaanietho-iee, eana?aae- iuei-
aeia., a
aanietho-
iee , ea1
3
6
12
18
24
0-6
6-24
0-24362
526
670
635
715
671
571
664
63910,87±0,31
31,53±0,67
60,34±0,69
114,26±1,64
128,70±1,77
120,70±2,25
102,74±1,39
363,60±1,81
466,40±2,46485
556
685
668
774
765
609
725
69414,54±0,46
33,33±0,68
61,67±0,63
120,20±1,39
139,30±1,91
137,70±2,39
109,54±1,09
397,20±2,03
506,67±2,58422
579
733
694
819
847
629
775
737 12,66±0,33
34,67±0,54
65,93±0,84
125,00±1,13
147,30±1,48
152,40±1,73
113,26±1,21
424,80±1,76
538,00±2,12Aenie? i?e?inoe i?aeaeine?aei? ae/ee iaee o 18- (? a?oia –
715 a, ?? – 774 a) oa 24-i?ny/iiio a?oe? (??? – 847 a). A inoaii?e
ia??iae a?aeaiae?ae? (18-24 i?n.) o oaa?ei c aenieith ? na?aaeiueith
?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy ciece-eenue na?aaeiueiaeiaia? i?e?inoe, ui
na?ae/eoue i?i aeinyaiaiiy iaeneiaeueiiai ??aiy o?c?ieia?/iiai ?icaeoeo.
A oe?eiio ca aeine?aeiee ia??iae ??cieoey a i?e-?inoao i?ae e?aei?ie
a?oiaie neeaea 13,3%.
Aeey iaea?aeaiiy ca ia??iae aeine?aeo oaeoe/ieo ?acoeueoao?a
i?iaeoeoeaiino? ia eiaeiiai ae/ea a na?aaeiueiio aoei aeo?a/aii 4325,0
ei?i.iae. ii ? a?oi?, 4459,1 ei?i.iae. – ii ?? a?oi? ? 4597,7 ei?i.iae.
– ii ??? a?oi?. A?aoiaoth/e iieacieee i?iaeoeoeaiino?, ye? caeaaeaee
a?ae ?iaee-a?aeoaeueieo iniaeeainoae ?icaeoeo oaa?ei, aeo?aoe ei?i?a ia
? ea i?e-?inoo ca ia??iae aeine?aeo noaiiaeee 9,28; 8,81; 8,55 ei?i.iae.
a?aeiia?aeii.
Na?aaei? aeo?aoe ei?i?a ia ? ea i?e?inoo a iaaeao eiaeii? a?oie a ie?ai?
a?eia? ia??iaee i?aaenoaaeai? a oaaeeoe? 4.
Oaaeeoey 4 – Aeo?aoe ei?i?a ia 1 ea i?e?inoo, ei?i.iae.
A?e,A?oia ae/e?ai?n.??????6
9
12
18
244,88
8,48
9,27
10,33
12,184,95
8,64
8,85
9,78
10,964,99
8,71
8,70
9,40
10,16Aea/aiiy ii??aiyeueii? /anoee aieeao (wmetafile8?
?????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
[email protected]???&??yyyy?????Ayyy·yyy ??/?????&?
?MathType??P????u y??????
Oaaeeoey 5 – Aeenia?n?eiee aiae?c i?ieeaino? aeeai? iane ae/e?a
Aeaea?aeiA?eiaee ia??iaei?ieeaino?0-21-32-46-99-1212-1818-24Aeiey aieeao
(wmetafile8? ??????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
@a???&??yyyy?????Ayyy·yyy ??/?????&??MathType??P????u
y??????Niaaeeiaa
Caaaeueia88
12
10081
19
10071
29
10087
13
10081
19
10085
15
10093
7
100Ca iieacieeaie ioe?iee aeeai? iane /anoea aieeao eean?a ?iciiae?eaiiy
aoea aenieith ? o?eueee a a?oe? 2-4 i?nyoe? neeaea 71%, ui ieae/a, i?ae
a ?io? a?eia? ia??iaee. Iiaeia i?eionoeoe, ui ia a?aeiioaiiy oeeo iciae
aieeioee o?c?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino?, iia’ycai? c ??aiai ?icaeoeo nenoaie
o?aaeaiiy oaa?ei.
Ioe?iea e?i?eiiai ?inoo ae/e?a
Aeey ioe?iee ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo oaa?ei aeei?enoai? ?o i?ii??e o
a?aeiia?aei? a?eia? ia??iaee, ye? aeicaieeee i?inoaaeeoe oi?ioaaiiy
aoaeiae o?ea.Anoaiiaeaii, ui i?iii?oe?? o?ea c a?eii caciaee cia/ieo
ci?i. Aiie iieacaee caaaeueiee ?icaeoie i?aai?cio, yeee o?nii iia’ycaiee
c i?iaeoeoeai?noth oaa?ei ??cieo a?oi ?iciiae?eaiiy. Ca ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi
i?ii???a aecia/ai? ?iaeaene aoaeiae o?ea (oaae. 6).
Oaaeeoey 6 – ?iaeaene aoaeiae o?ea ae/e?a o a?oe? 3 ? 24 i?nyoe?a
?iaeaen aoaeiaeA?oia ae/e?ao?ea??????Aeiaaiiiaino?
?icoyaiooino?
A?oaeiee
Caeoino?
Einoenoino?
Ianeaiino?
I’yniino?58,5
114,6
60,3
103,2
14,0
118,3
73,152,3
118,6
65,0
111,1
14,7
131,8
78,357,0
117,4
62,3
101,9
14,6
119,8
73,352,2
119,1
67,7
110,5
14,7
132,1
80,155,0
119,1
62,5
102,8
14,0
122,5
75,850,7
120,7
71,7
110,7
15,1
134,5
82,5O iieiaeiyea ??? a?oie o aeai??/iiio a?oe? a?aeiinii aeniea cia/aiiy
?iaeaen?a ianeaiino? ? i’yniino? ? aiie a?eueo?, i?ae aiaeia?/i?
iieacieee oaa?ei ? ? ?? a?oie. Aea ca ?iaeaenaie aeiaaiiiaino? ?
caeoino? aaeee? ae/ee iinooiaeeny iaeiie?oeai ?ioeo a?oi, ui oa?aeoa?ii
aeey iia?eueii nei?inoeaei? ooaeiae, yea ia cae?i/eea ??no ? i?iaeiaaeo?
eiai i?ney aeinyaiaiiy iaaiiai a?eo, aecia/aiiai o?eaae?noth aeine?aeo.
?acoeueoaoe eiio?ieueiiai caaith
I?iaaaeaiee ca?aeii c iaoiaeeeith eiio?ieueiee caa?e iieacaa, ui iana
ooo i?aeaeine?aeieo ae/e?a aoea a iaaeao 256 – 310 ea. Ca oeei
iieacieeii oaa?eie ??? a?oie ia?aaaaeaee iaeiie?oe?a ? ? ?? a?oie
a?aeiia?aeii ia 53,5 oa 28,9 ea (oaae.7).
Oaaeeoey 7 – Iieacieee caaith i?aeaeine?aeieo ae/e?a
IieacieeA?oia ae/e?a??????Ia?aaecaa?eia aeeaa iana, ea
Iana ia?ii? ooo?,ea
Aeo?ae i’yna a ooo?,%
Iana na?aaeiaiaiai aee?o,ea
Caa?eia iana, ea
Caa?eiee aeo?ae, %469,3±2,33
256,8±2,16
54,7±0,19
11,7±0,18
268,6±2,33
57,2±0,22501,0±4,04
281,4±2,62
56,2±0,14
13,1±0,15
294,5±2,75
58,8±0,16573,0±2,08
310,3±1,99
57,8±0,15
14,4±0,23
324,7±2,24
60,5±0,24Ca aeoiaeii i’yna a ooo? a?eueo nei?inoeae? ae/ee ? ? ??
a?oie iinooiaeeny iieiaeiyeo ??? a?oie a?aeiia?aeii ia 3,1 ? 1,6%.
Caa?eiee aeo?ae o ? a?oi? noaiiaea 57,2%, ?? – 58,8 % ? ??? – 60,5%.
Ioaea, ca iaaaaeaieie aeaieie oaa?eie, ye? iia?eueii oi?ioaaeenue ? iaee
a?eueoo iano o?ea i?e ia?iaeaeaii? oa a e?ioe? aeine?aeo, ia?aaaaeaee
nai?o ?iaaniee?a c iaioith ianith, aea c aenieith (? a?oia) ?
na?aaeiueith (?? a?oia) ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy.Aeo?ae i’yeio? aoa ia
??ai? 77,0 – 77,9%, aai 195,9; 216,2 ? 240,2 ea a?aeiia?aeii ii a?oiao
(oaae.8).
Oaaeeoey 8 – Ni?oiaee neeaae i’yeio? ooo i?aeaeine?aeieo ae/e?a
IieacieeA?oia ae/e?a??????Anueiai i’yeioii? oeaieie,ea
I?noeoueny a ooo? i’yeio?,%:
a o./. aeuiai ni?oo
? ni?oo
?? ni?oo195,9±1,36
77,0±1,74
31,5
40,2
28,3216,2±2,06
77,6±1,94
31,8
37,6
30,6240,2±1,47
77,9±1,69
32,1
34,8
33,1Nei?inoeae? ae/ee ? a?oie aeinyaee caa?eii? eiiaeeoe?? ia a?eueo
?aiiueiio aoai? naiai ?icaeoeo, i?ae i?ciueinoeae?, i?i ui na?ae/aoue
iieacieee ni?oiaiai aeoiaeo i’yeio?. Oaea i?eiouaiiy i?aeoaa?aeaeaii
aeaieie o?i?/iiai neeaaeo na?aaeiuei? i?iae i’yna. A o?e? nei?inoeaeeo
ae/e?a, ye? iaee iaioo aeeao iano o aei?ineiio a?oe?, a i?ioean?
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai ?icaeoeo ?ai?oa ii/aa a?aeeeaaeaoeny aee?, i?ae o
i?ciueinoeaeeo oaa?ei. A na?aaei?e i?ia? i’yna ae/e?a ? a?oie eiai ai?no
aoa aeuee ia 4,3 ? 7,3 % a ii??aiyii? c iieacieeaie iaeiie?oe?a ?? ? ???
a?oie.
Oaeei /eiii, i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiaaee aeioe?euei?noue
aeae?eaiiy a iiioeyoe?? ae/e?a /a?aiii? noaiiai? ii?iaee oeiieia?/ieo
a?oi ca aeeaith ianith i?e ia?iaeaeaii?.
I?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? ae/e?a a ?aiiueiio a?oe?
Aea/aiiy caaaeueieo caeiiii??iinoae a?eiaeo ci?i aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae
? iniiaith i?iaiicoaaiiy ?? aeeai? iane ia aaiaoe/iiio ??ai?. Aeey
oeueiai aeei?enoiaothoue iaoiae ?aiaiai? ioe?iee oaa?ei, i?e yeiio
aaee/eie, ye? aacia?a?aii aa??ththoue, ia’?aeiai? a iaaaeeea /enei a?oi,
a na?aae ??cieo a?eiaeo aa??aio?a aeeai? iane iniaeeaee ?ioa?an
i?aae-noaaeythoue ii/aoeiaa iana iiaiia?iaeaeaiiai ? iana, yeith
caaa?oo?oueny ??no oaa?eie. Aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee ?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai
?icaeoeo aoee anoaiiaeai? aeiaeaoeia? ?aiae ca a?eiaeie a?oiaie, a
aecia/aiiy ??cieoe? o a?aeiini?e oaeaeeino? ?inoo ae/e?a i?iaiaeeee a
noi?aei? ia??iaee ?inoo: 0-1-2, 1-2-3, 2-3-4, 3-4-5, 4-5-6, 12-18-24
i?nyoe?.
?ic?aooiee ?iaeaen?a ?ioaineaiino? oi?ioaaiiy iieacaee, ui iaeneiaeueia
?o cia/aiiy iaee ae/ee ? a?oie c aeeaith ianith a e?ioe? ia??iaeo
a?aeaiae?ae? 493,0 ea, ye? neeaaeaee eean iethn-aa??aio (I+). Aei
i?ioeeaaeiiai eeano – i?ion-aa??aio (I+) – a?aeianee iniaei c
i?i?iaeueiith aaee/eiith ?iaeaen?a, ye? a?ae??ciyeenue a?ae nai?o
iaeiie?oe?a a?eueoith ceiiiith ianith – 570,1 ea. Ae/ee c na?aaeiueith
aeeaith ianith noaiiaeee iiaeaeueiee eean (I0) c aeeaith ianith o
24-i?ny/iiio a?oe? 538,0 ea (oaae.9).
Oaaeeoey 9 – Iieacieee na?aaeiuei? aeeai? iane ae/e?a ??cieo eean?a
?iciiae?eo ca ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy
A?eiaeeEean ?iciiae?eoia??iae,I-I0I+i?n.iwmetafile8?
??TH???????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
??????? a???&??yyyy?????Ayyy®yyy ??I?????&?
?MathType??0?
???u?????????”????-?????Z?@????Z?r???Z?e???Z?–???u?
th??????1-2-3
2-3-4
3-4-5
4-5-6
12-18-2413
14
9
11
10
11 54,09±1,23a
80,50±2,42a
84,67±0,67a
115,18±1,80
148,00±1,03a
570,09±2,75a18
20
23
26
24
20 57,06±1,12aa
74,05±1,27a
93,13±1,17a
113,50±1,34
133,58±1,28a
538,05±5,59a14
11
13
8
11
14 57,79±0,48a
66,91±2,77n
97,54±1,52a
115,38±2,89
133,73±2,15a
493,00±3,35n
I?e aecia/aii? iioeiaeueiiai a?eiaiai ia??iaeo ? aeeai? iane aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? aoa i?iaaaeaiee ei?aeyoe?eiee aiae?c ca
eeanaie ?iciiae?eo c ?ioaineai?no? oi?ioaaiiy, yeee aeyaea aeinoia??io
?ica?aei?noue o aeea?e ian? ae/e?a o a?eia? ia??iaee 1-2-3 i?nyoe?
(aeeaa iana 80,50; 74,05 ? 66,91 ea, ?? ??¤????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
``???&??yyyy?????Ayyy±yyy ???????&??MathType??P?
???u?????????"????-?????W?@????W????u?th??????Ei?aeyoe?eia
caeaaei?noue a ia??iaee 1-2-3 ? 12-18-24 i?nyoe? aeyaeeanue iaaaoeaiith.
Oea na?ae/eoue i?i cai?ioith caeaaei?noue ?ioaineaiino? oi?-ioaaiiy ?
i??ieo iciae, oiaoi, /ei oaeaeoa ?inoa oaa?eia a iieiaeiio a?oe?, oei
?ai?oa ianooia? aaeueioaaiiy ?inoo. I?e iia?eueiiio ?ino? ia??iae
aeoeaii? i?iaeoeoeaiino? o?eaa? aeiaoa.
Aeai? oaaeeoe? 11 na?ae/aoue i?i /anoeo aieeao aaiioeiiai? i?ieeaino? oa
oiia ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua ia ii?aeiaiiy “aeeaa iana o ?ioaineai?noue
oi?ioaaiiy”.
Oaaeeoey 11 – Aeenia?n?eiee aiae?c i?ieeaino? na?aaeiuei? aeeai? iane
ae/e?a
Aeaea?aeiA?eiaee ia??iae,
i?n.i?ieeaino?0-1-21-2-32-3-43-4-54-5-612-18-24Oaeoi??aeueia0,140,610,45
0,020,520,72Niaaeeiaa0,860,390,550,980,480,28Caaaeueia1,001,001,001,001,
001,00
Oaeei /eiii, aeenia?n?eiee aiae?c i?ieeaino? aeeai? iane i?aeoaa?aeea
nooo?aee aieea aaiioeiieo oaeoi??a ia oi?ioaaiiy aeeai? iane o a?eiaee
ia??iae 1-2-3 i?nyoe? (wmetafile8? ??????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
@a???&??yyyy?????Ayyy·yyy ??/?????&??MathType??P????u
y??????I?e aecia/aii? iaea?eueo a??ia?aeieo ia?aiao??a aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy a ?aiiueiio a?oe? i?iaeoeoeaiino? aoea i?iaiae?ciaaia
i?ieea?noue aeeai? iane ae/e?a o 24-i?ny/iiio a?oe? ca eeanaie ?
a?eiaeie ia??iaeai c aeei?en-oaiiyi ?iaeaen?a ?ioaineaiino? oi?ioaaiiy
(oaae. 12).
Oaaeeoey 12 – Iieacieee i?ieeaino? ceiiii? aeeai? iane ae/e?a ??cieo
eean?a ?iciiae?eo ca ?ioaineai?noth oi?ioaaiiy
A?eiaeeEean ?iciiae?eoia??iae,I-I0I+i?n.iwmetafile8?
??TH???????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
??????? a???&??yyyy?????Ayyy®yyy ??I?????&?
?MathType??0?
???u?????????"????-?????Z?@????Z?r???Z?e???Z?–???u?
th??????1-2-3
2-3-4
3-4-5
4-5-6
12-18-2413
14
9
11
10
11514,31±11,17a
564,14± 4,59a
488,89± 3,29a
539,18±10,16
571,60± 3,02a
570,09± 2,75a18
20
23
26
24
20540,17±9,03aa
532,55±6,14a
535,96±6,06aa
527,04±6,42
520,79±5,79a
538,05±5,59a14
11
13
8
11
14537,93± 3,67a
490,09± 2,48n
554,85± 7,75a
538,25±15,21
520,45± 9,98a
493,43± 3,52n
Ca i?aenoieaie ei?aeyoe?eiiai aiae?co anoaiiaeaia aeinoia??ia
?ica?aei?noue c aeeai? iane ae/e?a o a?eia? ia??iaee 1-2-3 ? 12-18-24
i?nyoe?, yea a eean? I- noaiiaeea 564,14 oa 570,09 ea, a iiaeaeueiiio
eean? – 532,55 oa 538,05 ea, a eean? I+ - 490,09 oa 493,43 ea
a?aeiia?aeii.
Aecia/aiiy eiao?oe??io?a ei?aeyoe?? aeicaieeei anoaiiaeoe nooi?iue ?
iai?yiie i?yiie?i?eieo ca’yce?a (oaae.13).
Oaaeeoey 13 – Ei?aeyoe?eiee aiae?c i?ieeaino? ceiiii? aeeai? iane ae/e?a
IieacieeA?eiaee ia??iae,
i?n.0-1-21-2-32-3-43-4-54-5-612-18-24r0,49-0,590,810,33-0,19-0,67mx1,961
,961,961,961,961,96wmetafile8? ??¤????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
``???&??yyyy?????Ayyy±yyy ???????&??MathType??P?
???u?????????"????-?????W?@????W????u?th??????A ia??iaee
1-2-3 ? 12-18-24 i?nyoe? ei?aeyoe?eia caeaaei?noue aeyaeeanue
iaaaoeaiith (r = 0,59 oa –0,67) ? na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui iaeiaioiio
cia-/aiith iaei??? iciaee a?aeiia?aea? iaea?eueoa cia/aiiy ?ioi? (aeeaa
iana o ?ioaineai?noue oi?ioaaiiy).
Aeenia?n?eiee aiae?c c aecia/aiiy i?ieeaino? ceiiii? aeeai? iane ae/e?a
o 24-i?ny/iiio a?oe? i?aeoaa?aeea iayai?noue ca’yceo i?ae i??ieie
iciaeaie o ia??iaee 1-2-3 oa 12-18-24 i?nyoe? (oaae.14).
Oaaeeoey 14 – Aeenia?n?eiee aiae?c i?ieeaino? ceiiii? aeeai? iane ae/e?a
Aeaea?aeiA?eiaee ia??iae,
i?n.i?ieeaino?0-1-21-2-32-3-43-4-54-5-612-18-24Oaeoi??aeueia0,280,710,56
0,220,500,77Niaaeeiaa0,720,290,440,780,500,23Caaaeueia1,001,001,001,001,
001,00
Iaaaaeai? aeai? na?ae/aoue, ui a ia??iaee 1-2-3 oa 12-18-24 i?nyoe?
oaeoi-??aeueia aeenia?n?y aoea iaeaeuith ? aei??aithaaea wmetafile8?
?????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
[email protected]???&??yyyy?????Ayyy·yyy ??/?????&?
?MathType??P????u y??????Aiaeia?/i? ?acoeueoaoe aoee io?eiai? i?e
aeei?enoaii? eiao?oe??io?a iai?oaeaiino? ?inoo ae/e?a. Ei?aeyoe?eiee
aiae?c aeia?a aeinoia??io ?ica?aei?noue a aeea?e ian? o a?eiaee ia??iae
1-2-3 i?nyoe? ye ca iieacieeaie na?aaeiuei? (aeeaa iana, ea: 79,67;
74,81 ? 66,91; ?
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