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Особливості розвитку насінників біологічних форм цукрових буряків і способи вирощування насіння триплоїдних гібридів: Автореф. дис… канд. с.-г. наук

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?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa

Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe

Aeaaanueeee Aieiaeeie? ?aaiiae/

OAeE 633.63.631.531.12

Iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo ian?iiee?a a?ieia?/ieo

oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy

ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a

Niaoe?aeuei?noue: 06.01.05 – naeaeoe?y ? ian?iieoeoai

A A O I ? A O A ? A O

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia ia A?eioea?e?anuee?e aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?ei?e noaioe?? oa
a ?inoeooo? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,

i?ioani?, /eai-ei?aniiiaeaio OAAI

A?caoee?i Ia?eue Aaeooeiae/,

?inoeooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a,

aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
eaai?aoi???

ian?iieoeoaa oa ian?ii?ciaanoaa

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe,

i?ioani? Oii?/ia Aiaoie?e Ieoaeeiae/,

?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI,

caa?aeoaa/ eaai?aoi??? ?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e

ae?iuoaaiiy ei?iiaeo ao?ye?a

eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe, aeioeaio

Iaoeaaa?a Aiaoie?e A?eai?iae/,

?inoeooo i?aeaeuaiiy eaae?o?eaoe?? I?i?noa?noaa AIE,

canooiiee ia/aeueieea a?aeae?eo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa

Iaoe?iiaeueii? anioe?aoe?? “Oe?oeoei?” I?i. AIE Oe?a?ie

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: A?eioea?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee aa?a?iee

oi?aa?neoao, eaoaae?a naeaeoe?? oa ian?iieoeoaa

i. A?ea Oea?eaa

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny ” 20″ aeiaoiy 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 27.360.01 i?e ?inoeooo?
caiea?ianoaa Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
caiea?ianoaa OAAI.

A?aeaoee ia aaoi?aoa?ao o aeaio i?ei??ieeao, caa??ai? ia/aoeith, i?ineii
iaaeneeaoe ca aae?anith:

Oe?a?ia, 255205, nio. *aaaie, Ee?ai-Nayoioeinueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei?
iaeano?, ?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI, a/aiiio nae?aoa?th
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii: “16” aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

eaiaeeaeao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoe E?aa/aiei E.I.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. I?aeaeuaiiy o?iaeaeiino? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ?
ianyae ?o ae?iaieoeoaa iiaeeeai aeinyaoe ca oiiae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
ao?yein?th/eie ainiiaea?noaaie ?ioaineaieo oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy c
aeei?enoaiiyi ian?iiy a?o/eciyieo aenieii?iaeoeoeaieo ni?o?a ? a?a?eae?a
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

Ia nueiaiaei?oi?e aeaiue noai?aii ?yae iiaeo aeeiei?aeieo ?
o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, eiiiiiaioe no?auoaaiiy yeeo
a?aeiinyoueny aei ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i: iaeiiian?iia aeeiei?aeia,
/ieia?/inoa?eeueia aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia
oao?aiei?aeia. Ii??aiyeueia ioe?iea a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae oeeo oi?i
aei oeueiai /ano ia i?iaiaeeeanue.

Iaaeinoaoiuei oaeiae aea/ai? niiniae ? noaie ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy
o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a iiaiai iieie?iiy, noai?aieo ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e
/ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia?. Aeai?, ye? io?eiai? ia nueiaiaei?oi?e
aeaiue, aeineoue noia?a/eea?. Aeaooi aaaaea?, ui a?a?eaeia ian?iiy
iio??aii ae?iuoaaoe o?eueee niiniaii /a?aoth/eo ?yaee?a ian?iiee?a
eiiiiiaio?a a?a?eae?a, ?io? noaa?aeaeothoue, ui oaa?e/ia ian?iiy iaa?oue
aeeiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a c aenieei nooiaiai iaeiiian?iiino? ? noiaeino?
iiaeeeai iaea?aeaoe ? i?e ae?iuoaaii? noi?ooth ian?iiy, aai
ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy.

O ca’yceo c oeei, oaia aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, yea iai?aaeaia ia
aea/aiiy iniaeeainoae ?icaeoeo ian?iiee?a ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? ?ic?iaeo niinia?a ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a, ? aeooaeueiith.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie. Iaoeiai-aeine?aeia
?iaioa, ui aeeiiaia ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??, aoea neeaaeiaith /anoeiith
oaiaoe/ieo ieai?a iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a
OAAI (?a?no?aoe?eiee ? 01900012876), A?eioea?e?anueei?
aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?eii? noaioe?? ia 1991-1995 ??., 1996-2000 ??., ye? ?
neeaaeiaith /anoeiith iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo i?ia?ai Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai??
aa?a?ieo iaoe ia 1991-1995 ??. “Oeoe?ia? ao?yee ? oeoei?”, oa ia
1996-2000 ??. “?ic?iaeoe ? inai?oe eiiieaenio nenoaio ae?iaieoeoaa
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ia iniia? noai?aiiy ?ioaineaieo ni?o?a ? a?a?eae?a,
aaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie ian?iieoeoaa oa canoinoaaiiy ?ano?nicaa??aath/eo
oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy” (“Oeoe?ia? ao?yee”), ?a?no?aoe?eiee ? 03.04 –
IA/1196.

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aoei
aeyaeoe iniaeeaino? ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ian?iiee?a ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a: iaeiiian?iia aeeiei?aeia, /ieia?/inoa?eeueia
aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia oao?aiei?aeia, a
oaeiae caaacia/eoe ?aae?caoe?th a?ieia?/iiai iioaioe?aeo o?eiei?aeieo
/ieia?/inoa?eeueieo a?a?eae?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ii ?o ian?ii?a?e
i?iaeoeoeaiino? oeyoii ?ic?iaee oa aaeineiiaeaiiy niinia?a ae?iuoaaiiy
ian?iiee?a.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy oe??? iaoe aoee iinoaaeai? caaaeaiiy:

a) aecia/eoe o ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a: no?iee
ianoaiiy oaiieia?/ieo oac ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ao?ye?a ia?oiai ?ieo aeeooy,
o?aaeaiiy ?ineei iaoi/ieo ao?ye?a ei?aia?aeii, iano 100 ?ineei,
caa?aaeaiiy iaoi/ieo ei?aiaieiae?a a in?iiuei-ceiiaee ia??iae a
iieueiaeo eaaaoao, aecia/eoe a?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo
ian?iiee?a (aaa?oon ?ineei, oaiie ?o ?icaeoeo, noa?eeuei?noue,
nei?inoeae?noue oa ?ioa), anoaiiaeoe ian?ii?ao i?iaeoeoeai?noue ?ineei,
ye?noue ian?iiy (iaeiiian?ii?noue, iano 1000 ieiae?a, noiae?noue,
?inoeia?noue);

a) ?ic?iaeoe ?aoe?iiaeuei? niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiee?a ?icae?eueiith
iinaaeeith oa noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ye ian?iiyi, oae ?
ei?aiaieiaeaie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a anoaiiaeaii?
a?ieia?/ieo iniaeeainoae ?icaeoeo ?ineei iaoi/ieo ao?ye?a ? ian?iiee?a,
o?iaeaei?noue oa ye?noue ian?iiy ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a. ?ic?iaeai? niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiee?a o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a iiaiai iieie?iiy.

Aeiaaaeaii, ui i?e ae?iuoaaii? oaa?e/iiai ian?iiy o?eiei?aeiiai
a?a?eaeo, noai?aiiai ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e /ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia? c
aeei?enoaiiyi noi?o? ian?iiy no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a a iaoi/ieo iin?aao
c ai?noii eeoai/e?a oao?aiei?aea 16%, ca?eueoo? o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy c
iaeeieoe? ieiu?, a?aeiia?aeath/iai ii yeino? aeiiaai aea?aeaaieo
noaiaea?o?a, iaeiae ia aa?aioo?oueny iaea?aeaiiy 100 a?aenioe?a
o?eiei?aeiiai ian?iiy. Ian?iieee o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a, ia a?aei?io
a?ae aeeiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a, oi?iothoue ian?iiy c aenieith noiae?noth
i?e a?eueo aocueeiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a (3:1).

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aeeiiaia ?iaioa aeicaieeea
aeaoe i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii niiniaao ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiee?a
o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a, noai?aieo ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e
/ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia?, ye? caaacia/othoue i?aeaeuaiiy o?iaeaeiino?
(aei 2,0 o/aa) ? yeino? ian?iiy.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaioii naiino?eii i?iaaaeai?
iieueia? oa eaai?aoi?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, aiae?ce oa ocaaaeueiaiiy
aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo, noi?ioeueiaai? aeniiaee oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
aeey iaoeiaiai ? i?aeoe/iiai aeei?enoaiiy.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeeiiaii?
?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeenue ? aoee iaaiai?ai? ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a (1998 ?.), ia can?aeaiiyo
iaoeiai? ?aaee A?eioea?e?anueei? aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?eii? noaioe??
(1994-1998 ??.), eaai?aoi??? ian?iieoeoaa ?OeA (1994-1998 ??.) oa
iaoiaee/i?e eii?n?? ?inoeoooo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a OAAI (1999 ?.).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 6 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 117
noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, aeeth/a? anooi, 4 ?icae?ee, aeniiaee ?
i?iiiceoe??, nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae. A iniiai?e /anoei? ai?uaii 37
oaaeeoeue, 12 ?enoie?a. Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae aeeth/a? 146
iaeiaioaaiue, c yeeo 27 ?iicaiieo aaoi??a.

Ci?no aeena?oaoe??

?icae?e 1. Noai aea/aiiy ieoaiue ii oai? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe

(iaeyae e?oa?aoo?e)

Iiaea?oueny iaeyae iaoeiai? e?oa?aoo?e c ieoaiue, ye? aea/aeeny.
Ei?ioeee aiae?c ? ocaaaeueiaiiy na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui iniaeeai
aeaoaeueii aea/ai? a?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino? ?ineei ia?oiai ?ieo aeeooy
aeeiei?aeii? aaaaoiian?iii? ? iaeiiian?iii? oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. A
iine?aeoth/? ?iee i?e noai?aii? a?a?eae?a naeaeoe?iia?aie
aeei?enoiaothoueny /ieia?/inoa?eeuei? oa oao?aiei?aei? ?ineeie. Iaeiae a
e?oa?aoo?? iaaeinoaoiuei ?ioi?iaoe?? ii ii??aiyeuei?e oa?aeoa?enoeoe?
ian?ii?aeo ?ineei ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i ao?ye?a. Aeai? i?i niiniae
ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy a?a?eae?a, noai?aieo ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e
/ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia?, noia?a/eea?.

?icae?e 2. Iaoiaeeea oa oiiae i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeeenue a 1994 – 1997??. ia A?eioea?e?anuee?e
aeine?aeii-naeaeoe?ei?e noaioe??, yea ?ici?uaia a oeaio?? i?ai?/ii?
/anoeie i?aaiaa?aaeiiai E?ninoaio Oe?a?ie, oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
iii??ii-eiioeiaioaeueiei ee?iaoii ? a?aeiineoueny aei ciie
iano?eeiai caieiaeaiiy. A?oio iieueiai? n?aici?ie – /i?iicai
aeeaieee iaeiaoioniee aeeoaoaaiee e?oiiiieeoaaoi-na?aaeiueinoaeeieiaee.
Iiaiaei? oiiae a ?iee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue aoee ni?eyoeeaeie aeey
?inoo ? ?icaeoeo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. Iaeiioaeoi?i? iieueia? aeine?aee
i?iaiaeeee c iae?eiaith ieiuath ae?eyiie 50-100 i2, iiaoi?i?noue –
/ioe?ueio-i’yoe?aciaa.

A ia??iae aaaaoaoe?? ?ineei a aeine?aeao c ao?yeaie ia?oiai ?ieo aeeooy
i?iaiaeeee ianooii? iae?ee ? niinoa?aaeaiiy. A?aei?/aee oace iiyae
noiae?a, ooai?aiiy ia?oi?, ae?oai? ? o?aouei? ia?e eenoy. A?aoiaoaaee
no?iee c?ieiaiiy eenoy a ?yaeeao ? i?ae?yaeaeyo. I?iaiaeeeanue caaaeueia
ioe?iea noaio iin?a?a ?ineei. Aecia/aee aonoioo noiae?a o oac?
“aeei/ea”, e?euee?noue ? nooi?iue o?aaeaiiy ?ineei ei?aia?aeii, iano 100
?ineei. I?e cae?aii? iaoi/ieo ao?ye?a ia/enethaaee e?euee?noue
ei?aiaieiae?a, caeaoieo aeey iinaaeee.

Oaiieia?/i? niinoa?aaeaiiy ia ian?iieeao oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?iaiaeeee
ii an?e ieiu? ae?eyiie an?o iiaoi?aiue oeyoii i?ae?aoiaoaaiiy e?eueeino?
?ineei o a?aeiia?aei?e oac?. A?aei?/aee aeaoe i?ioiaeaeaiiy ianooiieo
oac: ?icaoea eenoe?a, oi?ioaaiiy ea?oeiiinieo iaaii?a, oea?o?iiy,
ooai?aiiy ieiae?a (eeoai/e?a) ? ?o aeic??aaiiy. Iae?e o?iaeath
i?iaiaeeee oeyoii iiia?aaeiueiai neiooaaiiy, a iio?i iaiieioo ian?iiee?a
c on??? ae?eyiee eiaeii? iiaoi?iino? c iiaeaeueoei i/euaiiyi oa
caaaeoaaiiyi ian?iiy, iin?ai? yeino? ian?iiy (noiae?noue,
iaeiiian?ii?noue, iaeii?inoeia?noue, iana 1000 ieiae?a ? eeoai/e?a, ?o
o?aeoe?eiee neeaae) aecia/aee ca?aeii aea?aeaaiiai noaiaea?oo.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaiaeeee ii caaaeueiii?eeiyo?e iaoiaeeoe? iieueiaeo
aeine?ae?a (A.A.Aeiniaoia, 1985) oa “Iaoiaeeoe? aeine?aeaeaiue” (Ee?a,
AI?Oe,1986).

Ia nueiaiaei?oi?e aeaiue ?iciiiaeo?oueny ian?iiy ianooiieo a?ieia?/ieo
oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, ye? ? eiiiiiaioaie iiaeo a?a?eae?a: iaeiiian?ii?
aeeiei?aei?, /ieia?/inoa?eeuei? aeeiei?aei?, aaaaoiian?ii? aeeiei?aei?,
aaaaoiian?ii? oao?aiei?aei?.

Aeey caeeaaeee aeine?ae?a aeei?enoiaoaaee ian?iiy ne?aeoth/eo ni?o?a ?
eiiiiiaio?a a?a?eae?a, i?aaenoaaiee?a oeeo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a: Ieaenaiae??y, A?eioea?e?anueeee *N-11, A?eioea?e?anueeee *N-32,
A?eioea?e?anueeee *N-51, Eueaianueei-Aa?oiy/nueeee *N-21,
Eueaianueei-Aa?oiy/nueeee *N-14, Oeaaeianueeee *N-5, ?aai?anueeee *N-45,
?aai?anueeee *N-33, Oe?a?inueeee *N-70, A?eioea?e?anueeee iaeiiian?iiee
45 ? sseoooe?anueeee iaeiiian?iiee 64 oa ?ioeo. A ie?ai? ?iee a
aeine?aeao aea/aee aei 30 ni?o?a ? eiiiiiaio?a a?a?eae?a. Iaea?aeai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeai? a iiaeaeueoiio ca?oioaaee ii a?ieia?/iei oi?iai
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

?icae?e 3. Iniaeeaino? ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo ?ineei

a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a

O ?icae?e? i?eaiaeyoueny aeai? ?acoeueoao?a niinoa?aaeaiiy ca
iniaeeainoyie ?inoo ? ?icaeoeo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. Oae,
iaea?eueoa aonoioa aoea i?e n?aa? ian?iiyi /ieia?/inoa?eeueii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie (18,1 oo. ia iao? ?yaeea), iaeiaioa – i?e n?aa?
ian?iiyi aaaaoiian?iii? oao?aiei?aeii? oi?ie oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a (14,8 oo.
ia iao? ?yaeea).

Aaaeeeaei oaeoi?ii caa?aaeaiiy aonoioe ?ineei iaoi/ieo oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a ? no?ee?noue noiae?a aei o?aaeaiiy ei?aia?aeii. A iaoeo
aeine?aeao ?ineeie oao?aiei?aeieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a a?aaeaeeny
ei?aia?aeii iaioa, i?ae ?ineeie ?ioeo oi?i. I?e oeueiio niinoa??aa?oueny
oaiaeaioe?y iiieaeaii? oiea?aioiino? aei ei?aia?aeo aaaaoiian?iii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie.

Ei?aiaieiaee ni?o?a ? eiiiiiaioe a?a?eae?a, ye? aeei?enoiaoaaee a
aeine?aeao, ae?iuoaaee ia iaeiioeiiiio oii? i?e iaeieo ? oeo aea
aa?ioaoi?/ieo oiiaao. Aeey caa??aaiiy ei?aiaieiaee caeeaaeaee a iieueia?
o?aioa?.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue na?ae/aoue, ui ii iniiaiiio iieacieeo –
aeoiaeo iinaaeeiaeo ei?aiaieiae?a, i?eaeaoieo aei ?ai?iaeoeoe?iioaaiiy,
i?ae a?ieia?/ieie oi?iaie oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a nooo?ai? ??cieoe? ia aoei.
Oae, aeo?ae iinaaeeiaeo ei?aiaieiae?a (a % aei aonoioe ianaaeaeaiue)
neeaa o iaeiiian?iii? aeeiei?aeii? – 79,8; /ieia?/inoa?eeueii?
aeeiei?aeii? – 78,5; aaaaoiian?iii? aeeiei?aeii? – 79,6; aaaaoiian?iii?
oao?aiei?aeii? – 72,2. I?e aeio?eiaii? oaoiieia?? caa??aaiiy a iieueiaeo
o?aioayo iiaeeeai caaacia/eoe aenieee ??aaiue caa??aaiiy iaoi/ieo
ei?aiaieiae?a an?o a?ieia?/ieo oi?i. E?euee?noue ei?aiaieiae?a,
o?aaeaieo eaaaoiith aieeeth a ia??iae caa??aaiiy, neeaea: o
iaeiiian?iii? aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie –3%, /ieia?/inoa?eeueii? aeeiei?aeii?
–1%, aaaaoiian?iii? aeeiei?aeii? – 2,8% ? aaaaoiian?iii? oao?aiei?aeii?
– 4,1%, a aeo?ae iinaaeeiaeo ei?aiaieiae?a neeaa 95,9 – 99,0%.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a i?ae a?ieia?/ieie oi?iaie
ca ii?oieia?/ieie iciaeaie (oei ?ineei, e?euee?noue ea?oeiiinieo iaaii?a
ia ?ineei?, ?o aenioa) ??cieoe? ia niinoa??aaeiny. Ioaea, oei ?ineei ?
?o aenioa ? iiaeeo?eaoe?eieie iciaeaie ? a iniiaiiio caeaaeaoue a?ae
oiia ae?iuoaaiiy iaoi/ieo ei?aiaieiae?a ? ?o aaae.

Aaaeeeaei iieacieeii i?e noai?aii? /ieia?/inoa?eeueieo a?a?eae?a ?
neio?iii?noue oea?o?iiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy. I?ae caieethaa/ai ?
iaoa?einueeei eiiiiiaioii niinoa??aa?oueny neio?iii?noue oea?o?iiy.
?ieiee oea?o?iiy ian?iiee?a oao?aiei?aeiiai aaouee?anueeiai caieethaa/a
aeaui aeia?aaeaea? oeeoiieaciaoe/i? /ieia?/inoa?eeuei? ?ineeie
a?a?eae?a, ui ia? aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy i?e ae?iuoaaii? o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a – caaacia/o? e?auiio ia?acaieeaiith ?ineei iaoa?einueeiai
eiiiiiaioo (?en. 1- 3).

?en.1. Aeeiai?ea oea?o?iiy ian?iiee?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ??cieo
a?ieia?/ieo

oi?i, 1994 ??e

?en.2. Aeeiai?ea oea?o?iiy ian?iiee?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ??cieo
a?ieia?/ieo

oi?i, 1995 ??e

?en.3. Aeeiai?ea oea?o?iiy ian?iiee?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ??cieo
a?ieia?/ieo oi?i, 1996 ??e

A ia??iae ianiaiai oea?o?iiy aecia/aee nooi?iue noa?eeueiino?.
Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe na?ae/aoue i?i iaaeinoaoiuei aenieo nooi?iue
noa?eeueiino? iaoa?einueeeo ?ineei a?a?eae?a THa?eaeiee – 85,5%,
?aai?anueeee *N-33 – 86,0%, a /ieia?/inoa?eeuei? eiiiiiaioe a?a?eae?a
Ieaenaiae??y, A?eioea?e?anueeee *N-51, Eueaianueei – Aa?oiy/nueeee *N-21
iathoue noa?eeuei?noue 96,5 – 100% ? ye? ii ??aith noa?eeueiino?
i?aeoe/ii ia iinooiathoueny caei?aeiiiei a?a?eaeai.

Oaaeeoey 1. – O?iaeaei?noue ? ye?noue ian?iiy ??cieo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ( 1994-1996 ??.)

A?ieia?/i? oi?ie oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a O?iaeae-i?noue ian?iiy, o/aa
Noiae?noue,% Iaeiiian?i-i?noue,% Aaaaoiian?i-i?noue,% Iana 1000 ieiae?a
(eeo-ai/e?a),a

Iaeiiian?iia aeeiei?aeia 2,55 84 92 — 14,7

*ieia?/inoa?eeueia aeeiei?aeia 2,35 86 86 — 14,8

Aaaaoiian?iia aeeiei?aeia 2,96 87 — 78 18,1

Aaaaoiian?iia oao?aiei?aeia 2,53 85 — 85 18,7

I??

0,14 2,5

Iaea?eueoa o?iaeaei?noue (2,96 o/aa) ian?iiy aoea o aaaaoiian?iii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a, iaeiaioa – o /ieia?/inoa?eeueii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie (2,35 o/aa). Iaeiae ii o?iaeaeiino? ian?iiy a
iiooo/iiio ae?aooaaii? (iin?aieo iaeeieoeyo) ia?aaaaa aoea ca
aeeiei?aeiith iaeiiian?iiith oi?iith oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. Aenieith
noiae?noth ian?iiy oa?aeoa?ecoaaeany aaaaoiian?iia aeeiei?aeia oi?ia
(87%), ieae/a noiae?noue o iaeiiian?iii? aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie (84%).
Iaeiiian?iia aeeiei?aeia oi?ia iaea iaeiiian?ii?noue 92%,
/ieia?/inoa?eeueia aeeiei?aeia – 86%. Na?aae aaaaoiian?iieo ao?ye?a
oaeiae cono??/athoueny iaeiiian?ii? ieiaee. Oae, o aaaaoiian?iii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie e?euee?noue oaeiai ian?iiy neeaea 22%, aaaaoiian?iii?
oao?aiei?aeii? – 15%. Iana 1000 ieiae?a (eeoai/e?a) aoea iaea?eueoith o
aaaaoiian?iieo oi?i aeeiei?aeii? ? oao?aiei?aeii? (18,1 a; 18,7 a).

?icae?e 4. Niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy o?eiei?aeiiai

a?a?eaeo oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e /ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e
iniia?

Iniiaiith caaea/ath i?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a a?a?eae?a ia Oe*N
iniia? ? ca?eueoaiiy aeoiaeo a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy c aenieeie yeinoyie, ui
a cia/i?e i??? caeaaeeoue a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ?
noaie ?o iinaaeee (n?aae).

I?eaeeai?noue ei?aiaieiae?a o iaio a?ieia?/ieo oi?i ao?ye?a aoea
aenieith ? neeaaeaea 94,8 – 98,3% a?ae aenaaeaeaieo ? iaeaea an? ?ineeie
caa?aaeeny aei e?ioey aaaaoaoe??. ?ineei ia?oiai oeio aoei aei 1,0%,
ae?oaiai – 0,8-3,4%, oi?yioe?a – 1,3-3,1%, ia?aae/aniicanioeeo –
0,7-1,9%.

Iaea?eueo aeniea o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy (2,05; 2,03 o/aa) aoea i?e
ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ye ian?iiyi
(1 aa??aio), oae ? ei?aiaieiaeaie (2 aa??aio) – Oaae. 2. I?e
?icae?eueiiio niinia? ae?iuoaaiiy aenieo o?iaeaei?noue (1,29 o/aa)
caaacia/eei a?eueo oe?iea ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 20
?yaee?a : 4 ?yaeea (5:1). ?c ciaioaiiyi oe?eie ni?aa?aeiioaiiy
eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ciaioo?oueny ? ?o o?iaeaei?noue. Oae, i?e
ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 6 ?yaee?a : 2 ?yae-ee (3:1)
o?iaeaei?noue neeaea 1,19 o/aa.

sseui i?e iaeiiio ? oiio ae ni?aa?aeiioaii? (3:1) ii??aiyoe ??ci? noaie
?ici?uaiiy ?o ia iie?, oi iiaa/eii, ui ca?eueoaiiy oe?eie nioae
*N-eiiiiiaioa a?ae 6 aei 12 caaacia/o? ca?eueoaiiy o?iaeaeiino? ian?iiy.

I?e ia?a?aooieo aeaieo o?iaeaeiino?, iaea?aeaieo o?eueee c
*N-eiiiiiaioa, ia aaeoa? ieiu? anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e ?icae?euei?e
iinaaeoe? iaea?eueoa o?iaeaei?noue aoea i?e aocueeiio ni?aa?aeiioaii?
eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 6:3 (3:1) – 1,99 o/aa, a iaeiaioa (1,67 o/aa) (
i?e oe?ieiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 20:4 (5:1).

Naae?iiy ian?iiee?a ei?aiaaith noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? 5:1, a oaeiae ?icae?eueiee niin?a naae?iiy o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 6:2 (3:1), caaacia/eee
ca?eueoaiiy noiaeino? ian?iiy aei 82%.

I?e ca?eueoaii? e?eueeino? ?yaee?a *N-eiiiiiaioa ciaioo?oueny
noiae?noue ian?iiy. Oae, yeui i?e ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a
no?auoaaiiy 12:4 (3:1) noiae?noue aoea 80%, oi aaea i?e ni?aa?aeiioaii?
20:4 (5:1) – 73%. Ioaea, /ei aeaeueoa a?aeaeaeai? ?ineeie *N-oi?ie a?ae
?ineei caieethaa/a, oei ieae/a caa’ycoaaiiy ian?iiy. Iana 1000 ieiae?a
a?eueoith, a iaeiiian?ii?noue iaioith aoee a 1-io ? 2-io aa??aioao, aea
ian?iieee aenaaeaeoaaeenue noi?ooth ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a
no?auoaaiiy.

A na?aaeiueiio ca o?e ?iee io?eiaii ian?iiy o?aeoe?? a?eueoa 5,5 ii o
1-io ? 2-io aa??aioao, aea naaeeee ian?iieee noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a
no?auoaaiiy, a 1,5-2 ?ace a?eueoa, i?ae o aa??aioao 3 – 8 i?e
?icae?euei?e iinaaeoe? ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy (oaae. 4).

Oaaeeoey 2. – O?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy o?eiei?aeiiai a?a?eaeo caeaaeii
a?ae niiniao eiai ae?iuoaaiiy (1994-1996 ??.)

? Aa??aioe O?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy, o/aa

1994 1995 1996 na?aaei?

1 Naae?iiy ian?iiee?a ei?aiaieiaeaie, ae?iuaieie a iaoi/ieo iin?aao c
noi?o? ian?iiy c ai?noii 16% caieethaa/a 2,37 1,53 2,25 2,05

2 Ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy noi?ooth ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? 5:1 2,43 1,49 2,18 2,03

3 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 6:2
(3:1) 1,38 0,86 1,33 1,19

4 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 8:2
(4:1) 1,38 0,91 1,32 1,29

5 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 10:2
(5:1) 1,33 1,04 1,41 1,20

6 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 12:4
(3:1) 1,35 1,08 1,33 1,25

7 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 16:4
(4:1) 1,34 1,02 1,41 1,26

8 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 20:4
(5:1) 1,37 1,09 1,41 1,29

I??05 0,48 0,29 0,16 0,31

Oaaeeoey 3. – Aieea niinia?a ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy o?eiei?aeiiai a?a?eaeo
ia eiai ye?noue (1994-1996 ??.)

? Aa??aioe Noiae?noue, % Iana 1000 ieiae?a, a Iaeiiian?ii?noue, %

1994 1995 1996 Na?.

1994-1996 1994 1995 1996 Na?.

1994-1996 1994 1995 1996 Na?.

1994-1996

1 Naae?iiy ian?iiee?a ei?aiaieiaeaie, ae?iuaieie o iaoi/ieo iin?aao c
noi?o? ian?iiy c ai?noii 16% caieethaa/a 82 84 72 79 12,9 15,3 14,8 14,3
80 80 81 80

2 Ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy noi?ooth ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? 5:1 83 90 74 82 12,9 14,5 14,3 13,9 83 87 83 83

3 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 6:2
(3:1) 81 92 73 82 12,4 13,2 13,1 12,9 88 88 88 88

4 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 8:2
(4:1) 79 86 71 79 12,6 13,3 13,3 13,1 84 83 83 83

5 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 10:2
(5:1) 78 85 68 77 12,5 12,7 13,5 12,9 85 86 84 85

6 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 12:4
(3:1) 83 87 71 80 12,7 14,2 14,1 13,3 90 89 88 89

7 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 16:4
(4:1) 80 80 63 74 12,7 13,2 13,4 13,1 87 86 89 87

8 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 20:4
(5:1) 79 79 62 73 11,3 12,8 13,2 12,4 89 89 87 88

I??05 4,2 2,1 4,2 4,2 — — — — 2,5 2,5 1,9 1,9

Oaaeeoey 4. – O?aeoe?eiee neeaae ian?iiy o caeaaeiino? a?ae eiai
ae?iuoaaiiy (1994- 1996 ??.)

?

Aa??aioe E?euee?noue ieiae?a (%) ca ?ici??aie (a ii)

a?eueoa 5,5 5,5-4,5 4,5-3,5 3,5-3,0 iaioa 3,0

1 Naae?iiy ian?iiee?a ei?aia-ieiaeaie, ae?iuaieie o ia-oi/ieo iin?aao c
noi?o? ian?iiy c ai?noii 16% caieethaa/a 6,2 34,4 42,1 14,9 2,4

2 Ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy noi?ooth ei?aiaieiae?a eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o
ni?aa?aeiioaii? 5:1 5,3 32,6 43,4 16,5 2,2

3 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 6:2
(3:1) 3,2 25,5 59,6 9,6 1,8

4 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 8:2
(4:1) 2,8 25,1 59,0 11,4 1,7

5 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 10:2
(5:1) 2,9 24,5 60,9 10,3 1,4

6 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 12:4
(3:1) 3,3 25,0 59,8 10,3 1,6

7 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 16:4
(4:1) 3,1 26,2 59,5 9,8 1,4

8 ?icae?eueia iinaaeea eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy o ni?aa?aeiioaii? 20:4
(5:1) 2,6 25,9 57,9 11,1 2,5

A aeine?aeao aeo?ae ian?iiy o?aeoe?? 5,5 -3,5 ii neeaa 82,7%, i?e
oeueiio iaea?eueoee aeo?ae ian?iiy oe??? o?aeoe?? (85,7%) aoa o
aa??aio?, aea naaeeee ian?iieee ?icae?eueii o ni?aa?aeiioaii?
eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy 16:4 (4:1). ??cieoey a e?eueeino? ieiae?a
o?aeoe?? 3,5 – 3,0 ii ? iaioa 3,0 ii ia an?o aa??aioao aeine?aeo aoea
iacia/ia.

Iniaeeaeo ?icoiaeaeaiue ii noiaeino? ian?iiy i?ae aa??aioaie
iio?aeoe?eii ia niinoa??aaeiny, ??cieoey i?ae ieie /?oei aeyaeaia ii
oaeeo iieacieeao ye iaeii?inoeia?noue ? ?inoeia?noue. Aea oea oa?aeoa?ii
o?eueee aeey ian?iiy o?aeoe?? a?eueoa 5,5 ii. Oiio oeth e?euee?noue
iiaeeeai aeae?eeoe i?e ia?iaoe? aac cieaeaiiy iin?aieo yeinoae ian?iiy,
c?a?aiiai c iaio eiiiiiaio?a, i?e oeueiio ca?eueooth/e ca?? a?a?eaeiiai
ian?iiy c iaeeieoe? ieiu? iinaaeee ian?iiee?a.

A oe?eyo i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ian?iiy aeaeaeeee caieethaa/ oeyoii
eae?a?oaaiiy ia ni?ooaaeuei?e iaoei?. I?e oeueiio i?eioneaeinue, ui
iaeiiian?ii? ieiaee, ye? iathoue ieineo oi?io, iiaeii? i?ioiaeeoe /a?ac
i?iaeieuei? ?aoaoa, a ian?iiy c ie?oaeith oi?iith caieethaa/a – iiaeii?
noiaeeoe c oeeo ?aoao. E??i oiai, oao?aiei?aeia ian?iiy ia? a?eueoee
?ici?? ? eiai iiaeia a?aeie?aieoe ii aaee/ei?.

I?e eae?a?oaaii? ian?iiy a ni?ooaaeuei?e iaoei? NI-0,15 noaaeeeny
?aoaoa c ae?aiao?ii ioai??a 5,5; 4,5; 3,5; 3,0 ii ? oaeiae
i?iaeieuei? ?aoaoa ia

i/eni?e iaoei? “Iaoeon-a?aaio”.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?ae?a iieacaee, ui i?ney ni?ooaaiiy iana ian?iiy
ciaioeeanue ia 15-17%, aeo?ae a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy c aaeoa?a neeaa 1,0 –
1,7 o/aa, oaeoe/iee o?iaeae c iaeeieoe? ieiu? ciaioeany. Aiae?c yeino?
ian?iiy na?ae/eoue, ui i?ney eae?a?oaaiiy a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy,
ae?iuaiiai ?c noi?o? ian?iiy (ei?aiaieiae?a) no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a
iaeiiian?ii?noue ca?eueoo?oueny ia 10-13% ? neeaaea? 93%. Ca iieacieeaie
iaeiiian?iiino? aa??aioe, aea ian?iiy ae?iuoaaee noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a
no?auoaaiiy, ia iinooiaeeny aa??aioai, aea naaeeee ian?iieee
?icae?eueiei niiniaii eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy.

Iaea?eueoee eiao?oe??io ?iciiiaeaiiy (940; 994) aoa o aa??aioao, aea
ae?iuoaaee ian?iieee c aeei?enoaiiyi noi?o? ian?iiy ? ei?aiaieiae?a
no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a. I?e cae?aii? ian?iiy o?eueee c
/ieia?/inoa?eeueiiai eiiiiiaioa eiao?oe??io ?iciiiaeaiiy aoa ieae/ee a
1,5 ?ace ? neeaa 591-636.

A oaa?e/ieo iin?aao niinoa??aa?oueny oaiaeaioe?y ca?eueoaiiy o?iaeath
ei?aiaieiae?a i?e n?aa? ian?iiyi, iaea?aeaiei i?e iinaaeoe? ian?iiee?a
a?ae noi?o? eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy, a ii??aiyii? c ian?iiyi, c?a?aiei
o?eueee c /ieia?/inoa?eeueiiai eiiiiiaioa.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a,
noai?aieo ia iniia? Oe*N noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy, iaea?aeaia
o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy ia 0,8 o/aa a?eueoa, i?ae i?e ?icae?eueiiio
niinia? ae?iuoaaiiy ii noai? 12:4 (3:1). Aa?o?noue aeiaeaoeiai?
o?iaeaeiino? ian?iiy neeaea 5660 – 5777 a?i.

Ae?iuoaaiiy oaa?e/iiai ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a, noai?aieo ia
iniia? Oe*N noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ca?eueoo? e?euee?noue
?ineei /ieia?/inoa?eeueiiai eiiiiiaioa ia ieaioaoe??, ui aaaea aei
ca?eueoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy c iaeeieoe? ieiu?, nei?i/o?
?ici??e ae?eyiie a?a?eaeecaoe??, a?eueo aeiiii?/ii aeei?enoiao?oueny
caiey ? iaaaaaoi ni?iuo?oueny oaoiieia?y iaea?aeaiiy a?a?eaeiiai
ian?iiy, ui a e?ioeaaiio ?acoeueoao? caaacia/o? cia/ia i?aeaeuaiiy
?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa oaa?e/iiai ian?iiy oeeo a?a?eae?a.

AENIIAEE ? I?IIICEOe??

Oaa?e/ia ian?iiy o?eiei?aeiiai a?a?eaeo, noai?aiiai ia
/ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia?, iiaeeeai ae?iuoaaoe c aeei?enoaiiyi noi?o?
ian?iiy ? ei?aiaieiae?a no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a c iine?aeoth/ei
aeaeaeaiiyi eeoai/e?a oao?aiei?aeiiai caieethaa/a a i?ioean?
i?neycae?aeueii? ? ia?aaeiin?aii? ia?iaee ian?iiy.

Ae?iuoaaiiy oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ?c aeei?enoaiiyi noi?o? ian?iiy ?
ei?aiaieiae?a o ii??aiyii? c ae?iuoaaiiyi ian?iiee?a /a?aoth/eie
?yaeeaie aaouee?anueeeo eiiiiiaio?a ia? ianooii? ia?aaaae:

ni?iuo?oueny noaia ae?iuoaaiiy a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy (a?aeiaaea?
iaiao?aei?noue ?cieueiaaiiai ae?iuoaaiiy ? caa??aaiiy iaoi/ieo
ei?aiaieiae?a, iieaaoo?oueny ?iaioa ii iinaaeoe? ei?aiaieiae?a,
a?aeiaaea? i?ioean c??coaaiiy ian?iiee?a caieethaa/a i?ney ?o oea?o?iiy
oa ?ioa);

ca?eueoo?oueny o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy c iaeeieoe? ieiu? ian?iiee?a ?
eiao?oe??io ?iciiiaeaiiy ian?iiy.

Iaaeie?eii oeueiai niiniao ? oa, ui a?aenooiy aa?aio?y iaea?aeaiiy 100%
o?eiei?aeiiai ian?iiy. I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a
no?auoaaiiy iaeiiian?ii?noue a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy cieaeo?oueny ia 5% a
ii??aiyii? c ?icae?eueiith iinaaeeith eiiiiiaio?a.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? iaoi/ieo ei?aiaieiae?a noi?ooth ian?iiy eiiiiiaio?a,
i?e aecia/aii? ii?ie aen?ao, iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe oa, ui i?ae
a?ieia?/ieie oi?iaie (iaeiiian?iia aeeiei?aeia, /ieia?/inoa?eeueia
aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia aeeiei?aeia, aaaaoiian?iia oao?aiei?aeia)
?nio? nooo?aa ??cieoey a o?aaeaiino? noiae?a ei?aia?aeii. Oao?aiei?aei?
ao?yee a iaio?e i??? o?aaeathoueny ei?aia?aeii, ui iiaeeeai iia’ycaii c
a?eueo neeueieie ?inoeaie, i?ae o ?ioeo a?ieia?/ieo oi?i oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a.

I?e oi?ioaaii? iaeiaeiai? aonoioe ianaaeaeaiiy iaoi/ieo ao?ye?a ca
o?aeoe?eiei neeaaeii ei?aiaieiae?a, aeoiaeo iinaaeeiaiai iaoa??aeo,
caa?aaeaii? a in?iiuei-ceiiaee ia??iae iaia? ??cieoe? i?ae ?o
a?ieia?/ieie oi?iaie. Niinoa??aa?oueny oaiaeaioe?y aei ciaioaiiy
o?aaeaiino? ei?aiaieiae?a /ieia?/inoa?eeueieo aeeiei?aeieo ao?ye?a
eaaaoiith aieeeth.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a noi?ooth eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ia
a?aeaoaa?oueny i?eai?/aiiy ?ineei ian?iiee?a iaeiiai eiiiiiaioa ?ioeie,
oae ye ii aaa?oono ?ineei: ii aenio? ? oeio eou?a iaia? ??cieoe? i?ae
aeeiei?aeieie /ieia?/inoa?eeueieie ? oao?aiei?aeieie aaaaoiian?iieie
ao?yeaie.

Iaoa?einuee? eiiiiiaioe a?a?eae?a THa?eaeiee, ?aai?anueeee *N-33 iathoue
iaaeinoaoiuei aenieo nooi?iue noa?eeueiino? (84,5 – 86,0%), a
/ieia?/inoa?eeuei? eiiiiiaioe a?a?eae?a Ieaenaiae??y, A?eioea?e?anueeee
*N-51, Eueaianueei-Aa?oiy/nueeee *N-21 iathoue noa?eeuei?noue 96,5 –
100%, ye? ii ??aith noa?eeueiino? i?aeoe/ii ia iinooiathoueny
caei?aeiiiei a?a?eaeai.

I?e iioeiaeueieo aa?ioaoi?/ieo oiiaao ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiee?a
i?iyaey?oueny aenieee a?ieia?/iee iioaioe?ae an?o oi?i oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a
ii ?o ian?ii?a?e i?iaeoeoeaiino? – o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy c iaeiiai
aaeoa?a neeaea 2,55 – 2,96 o/aa.

Iaea?eueo aenieith noiae?noth ian?iiy oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aaaaoiian?iia
aeeiei?aeia oi?ia (87%), aeaui ieae/a noiae?noue (84%) o iaeiiian?iii?
aeeiei?aeii? oi?ie oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a ?icae?eueiith iinaaeeith ei?aiaieiae?a
no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a (/a?aoth/eie nioaaie) iaea?eueoa o?iaeaei?noue
a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy (1,3 o/aa) iaea?aeaia i?e ni?aa?aeiioaii? *N oi?ie ?
oao?aiei?aeiiai caieethaa/a 5:1 (20 ?yaee?a:4 ?yaeea). ?c ciaioaiiyi
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy eiiiiiaio?a cieaeo?oueny o?iaeaei?noue ian?iiy.

A ?ic?aooieo ia iaeeieoeth ieiu?, caeiyoi? o?eueee i?ae *N-eiiiiiaioii,
i?e ciaioaiiio ni?aa?aeiioaii? eiiiiiaio?a (3:1), ca?eueoo?oueny
o?iaeaei?noue ? noiae?noue o?eiei?aeiiai a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy, ui
iiynith?oueny iayai?noth a?eueoi? e?eueeino? ieeeo caieethaa/?a o
iia?o?? ?, ye iane?aeie, e?auiio caieeaiith iaoa?einueeeo ?ineei.

Ca o?aeoe?eiei neeaaeii ian?iiy, iaea?aeaia i?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a
noi?ooth ian?iiy (ei?aiaieiae?a) eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy, e?euee?noue
ian?iiy ?ici??ii a?eueoa 5,5 ii o 1,5-2 ?ace a?eueoa, i?ae o aa??aioao,
aea ian?iieee eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy ae?iuoaaee ?icae?eueiith
iinaaeeith ? ian?iiy cae?aee o?eueee c ?ineei *N – eiiiiiaioa. Oea
na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui aaaaoiian?ii? oao?aiei?aei? eeoai/ee iiaeeeai
aeae?eeoe ia ?aoaoao c a?aeiia?aeiei ?ici??ii ioai??a.

Niinoa??aa?oueny aeayea oaiaeaioe?y ca?eueoaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino?
oaa?e/ieo ao?ye?a, iaea?aeaieo ?c ian?iiy, ae?iuaiiai niiniaii noi?o?
ian?iiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy .

Aeiiii?/ii aeioe?euei?oa ae?iuoaaoe a?a?eaeia ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a, noai?aieo ia oeeoiieaciaoe/i?e /ieia?/inoa?eeuei?e iniia?
noi?ooth ian?iiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy a iaoi/ieo iin?aao c ai?noii
ian?iiy caieethaa/a 16%.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiy ?icae?eueiith iinaaeeith iaoi/ieo ei?aiaieiae?a
iaea?eueo aeioe?eueiei ? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy 3:1 (12 ?yaee?a iaoa?einueeeo
?ineei : 4 ?yaeee caieethaa/a).

12. A?aoiaoth/e oa, ui i?e ae?iuoaaii? a?a?eaeiiai ian?iiy c
aeei?enoaiiyi noi?o? aaceniiai ian?iiy eiiiiiaio?a no?auoaaiiy a?aenooiy
aa?aio?y iiaiiai aeaeaeaiiy eeoai/e?a aaaaoi?inoeiaiai caieethaa/a i?e
ia?iaoe? eiai ia ian?ii?aeo caaiaeao, aaaaea?ii ia?niaeoeaiei
?iciiiaeaiiy o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a ?icae?eueiith iinaaeeith
ei?aiaieiae?a aaouee?anueeeo oi?i nioaaie, ui /a?aothoueny, ?
cae?a?oueny ian?iiy eeoa c iaoa?einueeiai eiiiiiaioo.

Nienie ?ia?o iioae?eiaaieo ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??

Aeaaanueeee A.?., *a?iaoa Ae.I. Niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a// A?niee A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Aei. 1. – A?ea Oea?eaa, 1996 ?. – N.101-102.

Aeaaanueeee A.?. Caeaaei?noue i?iaeoeoeaiino? oaa?e/ieo oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a a?ae niiniao ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy a?a?eaea Ieaenaiae??y// A?niee
A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Aei. 2. – A?ea
Oea?eaa, 1997 ?. – N.32-35.

A?caoee?i I.A., *a?iaoa Ae.I., Aeaaanueeee A.?. A?ieia?/i? iniaeeaino?
eiiiiiaio?a a?a?eae?a ia noa?eeuei?e iniia? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a// A?niee
A?eioea?e?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – Aei. 2. – A?ea
Oea?eaa, 1997 ?. – N.29-32.

Aeaaanueeee A.?., *a?iaoa Ae.I. I?iaeoeoeai?noue o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a caeaaeii a?ae niiniao ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy// Iaoeia?
iniiae ae?iaieoeoaa oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a oa ?ioeo eoeueoo? ao?yeiai?
n?aici?ie a no/anieo aeiiii?/ieo oa aeieia?/ieo oiiaao: Ca??iee iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a. – Eieaa 1. – Ee?a 1998. – N.87-92.

A?caoee?i I.A., Aeaaanueeee A.?., *aia?en E.I. Ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy
o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a//Oeoe?ia? ao?yee. ?2. – Ee?a, 1999?. – N. 10 –
11.

Aecaoeeei I. A., Aeaaaneee A. E., *aia?en E. I., Aaeaoaaneee A. E.
Au?aueaaiea naiyi o?eieieaeiuo aea?eaeia // Naoa?iay naaeea, ? 4. –
Iineaa, 1999. – N. 11 – 12.

Aiioaoe?y

Aeaaanueeee A.?. Iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo ian?iiee?a a?ieia?/ieo oi?i
oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a ? niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy o?eiei?aeieo a?a?eae?a.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
n?euenueeiainii-aea?nueeeo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 06.01.05 –
naeaeoe?y ? ian?iieoeoai. ?inoeooo caiea?ianoaa OAAI, *aaaie, 1999.

A aeena?oaoe?? iaaaaeai? aeai? ii aea/aiith iniaeeainoae ?icaeoeo
ian?iiee?a, caeiiii??iino? ci?i noiaeino?, iaeiiian?iiino? ?
i?iaeoeoeaiino? a caeaaeiino? a?ae a?ieia?/ieo oi?i a?a?eae?a oeoe?iaeo
ao?ye?a. ?ic?iaeai? niiniae ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiee?a o?eiei?aeieo
a?a?eae?a iiaiai iieie?iiy.

I?e ae?iuoaaii? ian?iiee?a c ?icae?eueiith iinaaeeith iaoi/ieo
ei?aiaieiae?a iioeiaeueiei ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi no?auoaaieo eiiiiiaio?a ?
3:1, a i?e ae?iuoaaii? ?o noi?ooth iaoi/iiai ian?iiy no?auoaaieo
eiiiiiaio?a, aea ai?no ian?iiy caieethaa/a iiaeiai aooe 16%.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: eiiiiiaioe a?a?eae?a, a?ieia?/i? oi?ie, noiae?noue,
iaeiiian?ii?noue, oeoe?ia? ao?yee.

Aiiioaoeey

Aeaaaneee A.E. Iniaaiiinoe ?acaeoey naiaiieeia aeieiae/aneeo oi?i
naoa?iie naaeeu e niiniau au?aueaaiey naiyi o?eieieaeiuo aea?eaeia.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 06.01.05 – naeaeoeey e
naiaiiaiaenoai. Einoeooo caieaaeaeey OAAI, *aaaiu, 1999.

A aeenna?oaoeee i?eaaaeaiu aeaiiua ii eco/aieth iniaaiiinoae ?acaeoey
naiaiieeia, caeiiiia?iinoe eciaiaiey anoiaeanoe, iaeiinaiyiiinoe e
i?iaeoeoeaiinoe a caaeneiinoe io aeieiae/aneeo oi?i naoa?iie naaeeu
(iiauo ni?oia e eiiiiiaioia aea?eaeia). ?ac?aaioaiu niiniau au?aueaaiey
naiaiieeia o?eieieaeiuo aea?eaeia iiaiai iieieaiey.

Oaa?e/iua naiaia o?eieieaeiiai aea?eaea, nicaeaiiiai ia
ioaeneinoa?eeueiie iniiaa, aiciiaeii, au?aueaaoue n eniieueciaaieai
niane naiyi e ei?iaieiaeia ne?aueaaaiuo eiiiiiaioia n iineaaeothuei
oaeaeaieai eeoai/eia oao?aieieaeiiai iiueeoaey a i?ioeanna
iineaoai?i/iie e i?aaeiinaaiie ia?aaioee naiyi.

I?e au?aueaaiee naiaiieeia nianueth eiiiiiaioia ne?aueaaiey ia
i?ienoiaeeo oaiaoaiea ?anoaiee iaeiiai eiiiiiaioa ae?oaei, oae eae ii
aaaeoono ?anoaiee: ii aunioa e oeio eonoia iao ?acieoeu iaaeaeo
aeeieieaeiie ioaeneinoa?eeueiie e oao?aieieaeiie iiiainaiyiiie naaeeie.

Yoio niinia a n?aaiaiee n au?aueaaieai naiaiieeia /a?aaeothueo ?yaeeia
iooeianeeo eiiiiiaioia eiaao neaaeothuaa i?aeiouanoai: oi?iuaaony noaia
au?aueaaiey aea?eaeiuo naiyi, ioiaaeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue eciee?iaaiiiai
au?aueaaiey e o?aiaiey iaoi/iuo ei?iaieiaeia, ioiaaeaao i?ioeann n?acee
naiaiieeia iiueeoaey iinea eo oeaaoaiey, oaaee/eaaaony eiyooeoeeaio
?aciiiaeaiey naiyi.

Naiaiieee ioaeneinoa?eeueiuo oi?i iiauo ioa/anoaaiiuo aeeieieaeiuo e
o?eieieaeiuo aea?eaeia eiatho aunieoth noaiaiue noa?eeueiinoe. ?anoaiey
oao?aieieaeiie oi?iu oeaaooo aeieueoa a n?aaiaiee n ae?oaeie
aeieiae/aneeie oi?iaie, /oi eiaao aieueoia cia/aiea i?e eniieueciaaiee
eo eae iiueeoaey.

I?e au?aueaaiee naiaiieeia n ?acaeaeueiie iinaaeeie iaoi/iuo
ei?iaieiaeia iioeiaeueiui niioiioaieai ne?aueaaaiuo eiiiiiaioia yaeyaony
3:1, a i?e au?aueaaiee nianueth iaoi/iuo naiyi ne?aueaaaiuo eiiiiiaioia
niaea?aeaiea naiyi iiueeoaey aeieaeai auoue 16%.

Iaaeinoaoeii niiniaa au?aueaaiey aea?eaeiuo naiyi nianueth iaoi/iuo
naiyeiiiiiaioia anoue oi, /oi ionoonoaoao aa?aioey iieo/aiey 100%
o?eieieaeiuo naiyi. I?e au?aueaaiee naiaiieeia nianueth eiiiiiaioia
ne?aueaaiey iaeiinaiyiiinoue aea?eaeiuo naiyi nieaeaaony aei 5% a
n?aaiaiee n ?acaeaeueiie iinaaeeie eiiiiiaioia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: eiiiiiaiou aea?eaeia, aeieiae/aneea oi?iu,
anoiaeanoue, iaeiinaiyiiinoue, naoa?iay naaeea.

Annotation

Glevasski V.I. Peculiarities of seed plant development of sugar beet
biological forms and elaboration of ways for growing seeds of triploid
hybrids.

The thesis for the degree of the Candidate of Agricultural Sciences in
the specialty 06.01.05 – breeding and seed growing. The Institute of
Agriculture of the UAAS, Chabany, 1999.

The thesis gives data on studies of peculiarities of seed plant
development, of the regularities of changes in germination, monogermity
and productivity depending on biological forms of new varieties and
components of sugar beet hybrids. Methods for growing seed plants of
triploid hybrids of a new generation have devised.

When growing pericarps with separate planting of mother roots the
optimal ratio of the components to be crossed is 3:1 and when growing
them from the mixture of seed of components the pollinator portion must
be 16%.

Key words: hybrid components, biological forms, germination,
monogermity, sugar beets.

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