I?i?noa?noai ina?oe Oe?a?ie
Oa?iii?euenueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao
?i. ?aaia Ioethy
UAAeEEI ss?INEAA NOAOAIIAE*
OAeE 621.375
IOe?IEA O??UEIIO?EAEINO? IAEA?EUeO
IAAAIOAAEAIEO AeAOAEAE AOCE?A I?AeA?NIEO
EIIAA???A
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 01.02.04 – iaoai?ea aeaoi?i?aiiai oaa?aeiai o?ea
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
Oa?iii?eue – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?iii?euenueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oaoi?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao?
?iai? ?aaia Ioethy
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
Eiaoo Ieeiea Noaiaiiae/,
Aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”,
aeioeaio eaoaae?e “Oaoiieia?y iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy”
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe,
Eaieoiaiei Aieiaeeie? Aai?a?eiae/,
?inoeooo i?iaeai i?oeiino?
Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie,
i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
a?aeae?eo iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy
aaeeeiaaaa?eoieo eiino?oeoe?e
eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
Iiaeeieuec?i A’y/aneaa TH???ae/,
Ta?iii?euenueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee
oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia Ioethy,
aeioeaio eaoaae?e iaoa??aeiciaanoaa
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: O?ceei-iaoai?/iee ?inoeooo ?i. A.A.Ea?iaiea,
IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Euea?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 25 ” aa?aciy 1999 ?. i 15-00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E58.052.01, Oa?iii?euenueeee
aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia Ioethy, 282001, i.
Oa?iii?eue, aoe. ?onueea, 56.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o iaoeia?e a?ae?ioaoe?
Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?iai? ?aaia
Ioethy ca aae?anith: 282001, i. Oa?iii?eue, aoe. ?onueea, 56.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 24 ” ethoiai 1999?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe
Iao?ee I.?.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. I?aea?ni? eiiaa??e iaeaaeaoue aei eaoaai???
niaoe?aeueieo iaaecaiieo o?ainii?oieo iaoei aacia?a?aii? ae??, ye?
canoiniaothoueny o ??cieo aaeocyo i?iieneiaino?, cie?aia, o
aaaaoina??eiiio oa ianiaiio oeiao ae?iaieoeoa: iaoeiiaoaeoaaii?,
aaoiiia?eaaoaeoaaii?, aa?noaoiaoaeoaaii?, a??ie/?e oa o?i?/i?e
i?iieneiaino?, a iaoaiineeaaeaeueieo ? iaoaeiia?iaethaaieo oeaoao,
oiui.
Na?aae aaaaoueio ??ciiaeae?a iaoei aacia?a?aiiai o?ainii?ooaaiiy
aaioaae?a iaeoe?oiai canoinoaaiiy iaaoee i?aea?ni? aaioaaeio?eie?
eiiaa??e caaaeueiiai i?ecia/aiiy c ?ica??ieie eaioethaaie oei?a AO-80,
AO-100 ? AO-160. Ca?aeii c AINO 5946-79 aiie iaeaaeaoue aei
o?ainii?oieo iaoei, ye? i?ecia/ai? aeey o?ainii?ooaaiiy iiooo/ieo
aaioaae?a iaeeo ? na?aaei?o aaaa?eo?a ia i?inoi?ia?e o?an? a
ai?eciioaeueiiio, aa?oeeaeueiiio ? iioeeiio iai?yieao.
I?aea?ni? eiiaa??e iacaaieo oei?a caeaa?eueoiai aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey
iaoai?caoe?? oa aaoiiaoecaoe?? aaioaaeiiioie?a ia iaaaioaaeoaaeueieo ?
?icaaioaaeoaaeueieo iia?aoe?yo. ?acii c oei i?aeoeea aenieoaoaoe??
cana?ae/o? ia?aae/aniee aeo?ae c eaaeo ie?aieo aoce?a oa iaea?eueo
a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaiaio?a ? aeaoaeae oeeo eiino?oeoe?e, iaoiiaeai?
i?enooi?noth ? iioe?aiiyi a ieo ??cieo o??ueiiiiae?aieo aeaoaeo?a, ye?
aeieeathoue i?ae /an ?o ciiooaaiiy aai aenieoaoaoe??. Oea aeiaaa?
cia/ieo eioo?a ia ?aiiioii-?anoaa?aoe?ei? ?iaioe.
?nioth/? iaoiaeeee ioe?iee oo?eioaaeueii? caeaoiino? ? i?iaiicoaaiiy
?ano?no aeaoaeae eiiaa???a ?icaeyaeathoue iaoa??ae ye aacaeaoaeoiee ?
oiio aeathoue caaeuaio ioe?ieo oeeo oa?aeoa?enoee. O ca’yceo c oeei
iniaeeai? aeooaeueiino? iaaoaathoue aeine?aeaeaiiy oo?eioaaeueii?
caeaoiino? iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae oa aeaiaio?a eiiaa???a ca
e?eoa??yie iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy c o?aooaaiiyi aeaeo iaaaioaaeaiiy,
iai?oaeaii-aeaoi?iiaaiiai noaio, no?oeoo?ieo iniaeeainoae iaoa??aeo oa
aenieoaoaoe?eieo /eiiee?a. A oiio, aeey aecia/aiiy iaae?eiino? oa
aeiaaia?/iino? oaeeo aeaoaeae aoce?a oa aeaiaio?a ? eiino?oeoe?e
iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe caeaoi?noue iaoa??aeo /eieoe ii?? iioe?aiith a
iueiio o??ueie, a oea, a naith /a?ao aeiaaa? ?ic?iaee aoaeoeaieo
iaoiae?a ioe?iee o??ueiio?eaeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a ? ?o
caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue.
Aaaeeea?noue aea/aiiy i?ioean?a ca?iaeaeaiiy oa iioe?aiiy o??uei aeiaaa?
iiaeo i?aeoiae?a uiaei ?ic?iaee aoaeoeaieo iaoiae?a ioe?iee i?oeiino?
eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a ? ?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue c aeei?enoaiiyi
ia?aiao??a iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy, oiaoi oa?aeoa?enoee o??ueiio?eaeino? EC
aai E1C, caeaoieo ioe?ieoe ii?? iaoa??aeo iioe?aiith a iueiio o??ueie.
A oeueiio ieai? ne?ae a?aecia/eoe i?aoe? a aaeoc? oai?aoe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue
aecia/ieo a/aieo I. ?. Aiae?aee?aa, O. A?aoia, A. A. A??oo?ona,
Ae.?.??a?ia, A. I. E?a?ae?aa, I. ss. E?iiiaa, A. E?aia?oea, I.I.
Iaoooiaa, ?. I. Ii?iciaa, A. A. Iaianthea, A. N. Iena?aiea, TH. I.
?aaioiiaa, I. I. Naa?oea, A.I *a?aiaiiaa, a oaeiae i?aoe?
a?aeiieo aeine?aeiee?a A. N. Aaneeue/aiea, A. I. Aeiieo?iaa, I.
Aaicaia?a, A. N. ?aaiiai?, A. A. Eaieoiaiea, A. N.
Eanaoe?ia, N. ?. Eia/eea, I. N. Eiaooa, A. I. Ieeeoi?/eia,
A. A. Inaae/oea, I. I. ?iiai?aa, N. A. Na?ainaia, Aeae. N?ioe?, E.
Oa?ia?a, ss. A. O??aeiaia, E. Oaeeaey, N. ss. ss?aie, I. A. ssni?y
oa ?ioeo.
Ia aeeaey/enue ia oni?oe iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy, ?nioth/? iaoiaee ia
caaaeaee caaeiaieueiythoue ??ciiiai?oiei iio?aaai ?iaeaia?ii? i?aeoeee.
Iaei ?ia?o, i?enay/aieo aecia/aiith oa?aeoa?enoee o??ueiio?eaeino?
E1C(EC) eaac?e?eoeeo ? a’yceeo iaoa??ae?a, a oaeiae i?oeiino? caa?ieo
c’?aeiaiue, iniaeeai o i?eoiai?e iaeano?. I?aeoe/ii a?aenooi? aeai?
uiaei ?ic?iaeaiiy /?oei? iaoiaeieia?? ?aae?caoe?? aeine?aeaeaiue
noiniaii aei aecia/aiiy oeeo oa?aeoa?enoee o??ueiio?eaeino? aeey
eiie?aoii aea?aieo iaoo?ieo aeaoaeae, /e aaeeeiaaaa?eoieo c?ace?a.
Iaaeinoaoiuei ?ic?iaeaia oaoiieia?y aeaioiaeaiiy aeine?aeieo c?ace?a ?
oaoi?ea i?iaaaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo aenia?eiaio?a c aeei?enoaiiyi
iaiao?aeii? aeey ?o ?aae?caoe?? neeiai? oa eiio?ieueii-aei??thaaeueii?
oaoi?ee.
sse aeieeaa? ?c caaaeueii? oa?aeoa?enoeee iaoeiai? i?iaeaie ?yae ieoaiue
aeiaaa? a?eueo aeaoaeueiiai neioaco, aiae?co ? iaaiiai aeiiiaiaiiy. O
ca’yceo c oeei, ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo a ?iaio? i?aeoiae?a ? iaoiae?a
aeaye? ieoaiiy c oe??? i?iaeaie io?eiaee nai? ae??oaiiy.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa
a?aeiia?aea? i??i?eoaoiei iai?yieai ?icaeoeo iaoee ? oaoi?ee
caoaa?aeaeaieie Iinoaiiaith A? Oe?a?ie ? 2705 a?ae 16.10.92?. ? Iaeacii
I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie ? 330 a?ae 04.12.95?., oa iniiaiei iai?yieai iaoeiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
?i. ?aaia Ioethy, cie?aia, “Iaoai?ea ?oeioaaiiy iaoa??ae?a oa aeaiaio?a
eiino?oeoe?e i?e iecueeeo ? aenieeo oaiia?aoo?ao c a?aooaaiiyi aieeao
aenieoaoaoe?eii-oaoiieia?/ieo /eiiee?a”.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoith ?iaioe ? ?ic?iaea iaoiaeieia??
ioe?iee o??ueiio?eaeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a ? caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue
iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a c a?aooaaiiyi aieeao
eiino?oeoeaii-oaoiieia?/ieo ? aenieoaoaoe?eieo /eiiee?a aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
?o aeiaaia?/iino?.
Iinoaaeaia iaoa aeinyaa?oueny oeyoii ?ica’ycaiiy oaeeo caaaeaiue:
1. Oi?ioethaaiiy iniiaieo i?eioeei?a iaoiaeieia?? uiaei aecia/aiiy
oa?aeoa?enoee aoiiii? i?oeiino? oa noaoe/ii? o??ueiio?eaeino?
eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a.
2. I?aea?? ? iaa?oiooaaiiy aaciaeo noai iaaaioaaeoaaiiy ? oei?a
aeine?aeieo c?ace?a c o??ueiaie aeey aea/aiiy aoiiii? i?oeiino? oa
noaoe/ii? o??ueiio?eaeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a oa ?o caa?ieo
c’?aeiaiue.
3. ?ic?iaeaiiy oaoiieia?? aeaioiaeaiiy c?ace?a c o??ueiaie oa oaoi?ee
i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaio?a ia eaai?aoi?ieo c?aceao ? iaoo?ieo aeaoaeyo
eiiaa???a ca o??ueiio?eae?noth oa aoiiiith i?oei?noth.
4. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao aoaeoo ianooaao, aenieoaoaoe?eieo /eiiee?a ?
oaoiieia?e aeaioiaeaiiy iaoa??ae?a ? ?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue aeaiaio?a
eiino?oeoe?e oa aeaoaeae iaoei o eiiaa??iaoaeoaaii?.
5. ?ic?iaeaiiy iaoiaeee aeine?aeaeaiue i?oeiino? caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue ?
neea?ieo eiiiiceoieo c’?aeiaiue ia aacaeueoiieanoeeia?e iniia?.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? o :
-noai?aii? iiai? iaoiaeieia?? ioe?iee oo?eioaaeueii? caeaoiino?
iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae aoce?a i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a oa ?o
caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue ca e?eoa??yie noaoe/ii? ? oeeee?/ii?
o??ueiio?eaeino?;
-?ic?iaeaii? oaoiieia?? aeaioiaeaiiy oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo
c?ace?a c o??ueiaie ca neeiaeie noaiaie e?oaiaiai oa oeeee?/iiai caeio
i?e o?eniaaiiio i?iaei?;
-iaea?aeaii? iiaeo aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo c? noaoe/ii?
o??ueiio?eaeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo noaeae c o?aooaaiiyi ?aaeei?a
oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy, aieeao oaenoo?e iaoa??aeo oa iaaeaiiy
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy i?aoeacaeaoiino? a?aeiia?aeaeueieo
aeaoaeae aoce?a eiiaa???a;
-aea/aii? ianooaaiiai aoaeoo oa eiai aieeao ia i?ioeane e?eoeiai oa
eaac?e?eoeiai ?oeioaaiiy eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a;
-anoaiiaeaii? e?euee?nieo caeaaeiinoae e?eoe/iiai ?ici??o aeaoaeoo a?ae
oa?aeoa?ieo iaoai?/ieo aeanoeainoae iaoa??aeo ? aaiiao??? o??ueie aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy iaae?eiino? oa aeiaaia?/iino? aeaoaeae i?aea?nieo
eiiaa???a;
-?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeeee ioe?iee o??ueiio?eaeino? caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue ?
aeyaeaii? iaea?eueo iaaacia/ii? ciie c oi/ee ci?o iii?o iioe?aiiy
o??ueie, ca yeith ne?ae aecia/aoe o?eieo caeaoi?noue oeeo c’?aeiaiue;
-?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeeee ioe?iee i?oeiino? aeayeeo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a c
aeei?enoaiiyi a?iiaaieo eiiiiceoieo iaoa??ae?a, yea a aeicaieeea
cai?ieoe neeathaaiiyi iia?aoe?th caa?thaaiiy.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a ?ic?iaeaii?
iaoiae?a ioe?iee i?oeiino? oa aeiaaia?/iino? iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo
aeaoaeae oa aeaiaio?a eiino?oeoe?e i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a ? o?eiei?
caeaoiino? ?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue ia i?aenoaa? aeei?enoaiiy oai?aoe/ieo
iieiaeaiue a?aie/ii? ??aiiaaae i?oaeiiieanoe/ieo oaa?aeeo o?e c
aeaoaeoaie oeio o??uei. Cai?iiiiiaai? iaoiaee ni?yiiaai? ia iiaoaeiao ?
aaeineiiaeaiiy caaaeueii? oai??? i?oeiino? eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a oa
?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue a oiiaao e?eoeiai oa eaac?e?eoeiai ?oeioaaiiy.
?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee oa iaea?aeai? iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe ciaeoee
canoinoaaiiy i?e ae??oaii? aaaeeeaeo i?aeoe/ieo caaea/ c aaeineiiaeaiiy
oaoiieia?? oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy i?oaeeiii? noae? aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
iaae?eiino? i?oaeei o a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaiaioao eiino?oeoe?e
eiiaa???a, i?iaaaeaii? ?aiaeoaaiiy ca o??ueiio?eae?noth iaeii??aeieo
caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue, aecia/aii? e?eoe/iiai ?ici??o aeaoaeoo aeey
anoaiiaeaiiy ii?iao i?aoeacaeaoiino? iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae oa
aoce?a eiiaa???a oa ?ioa.
Ie?ai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe, ai?iaaaeaeai? o oaoiieia?/i? i?ioeane ia
Euea?anueeiio AAO “Eiiaa??”; ye? aeaee cia/iee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo aeey
?iaeaia?ii? i?aeoeee.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a oiio, ui a ?iaioao [1,2,3,9]
aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue ?ic?iaeaiiy iaoiaeee ioe?iee o??ueiio?eaeino? (E1C)
iaoa??ae?a oa ?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue, a oaeiae i?iaeooaaiiy eiino?oeoe?e
onoaiiaie oa aeaioiaeaiiy ?o iniiaieo aoce?a aeey iaoo?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaoaeae aoce?a eiiaa???a, i?iaaaeaiiy
aenia?eiaio?a, iaoaiaoe/ia ia?iaea ?acoeueoao?a, iiaoaeiaa a?ao?/ieo
caeaaeiinoae, iaea?aeaiiy oi?ioe aeey i?ae?aooieo e?eoe/iiai ?ici??o
aeaoaeoo o c?aceo (aeaoae?). O i?aoeyo [4-8] ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo
ioe?iee i?oeiino? aeayeeo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a c aeei?enoaiiyi a?iiaaieo
eiiiiceoieo iaoa??ae?a, aeeiiaii aenia?eiaioe.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia IV-io Ananithciiio neiiic?oi? “Iaeioeeeeiaay
onoaeinoue eiino?oeoeeiiiuo iaoa?eaeia”, i. Eeoei?a, 5-7 o?aaiy 1991?;
ia iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeanoeaino? ? canoinoaaiiy iie?ia?ieo
eiiiiceo?a o n?eueainiiaoeiiaoaeoaaii?”, i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 29-30
aa?aniy 1992?.; ia II-e i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iia? oaoiieia?? a
iaoeiiaoaeoaaii?”, i. Oa?e?a, 18-22 aa?aniy 1993?.; ia iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo i?iieneiaino? ieanoian a Oe?a?i?”, i.
Euea?a, 12-17 aa?aniy 1995?.; ia ???-io i?aeia?iaeiiio neiiic?oi?
“Iaeeane/i? i?iaeaie oai??? oiieino?iieo aeaiaio?a eiino?oeoe?e oa
o?ceei-o?i?/ii? iaoai?ee eiiiiceoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a”, i.
?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 15-16 eenoiiaaea 1995?.; ia iaoeiaeo nai?ia?ao
eaoaae?e oaoiieia?? iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy AeO “Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”, i.
Euea?a, aa?acaiue 1996?. oa aa?anaiue 1997?.; ia iaoeiaeo nai?ia?ao
eaoaae?e oaoi?/ii? iaoai?ee Oa?iii?euenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. ?aaia Ioethy, i. Oa?iii?eue, o?aaaiue-aeiaoaiue
1998?.
Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii o 9 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeyo.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, i’yoe
?icae?e?a, caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, a?ae?ia?ao?? ?c 116 iaeiaioaaiue ?
aeeeaaeaia ia 125 noi??ieao iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, i?noeoue 30
?enoie?a, 14 oaaeeoeue.
INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie, iaaaaeaii aaaeeea?
iieiaeaiiy ?c i?aoeue ?ioeo aeine?aeiee?a, aeaii ?o ioe?ieo oa ei?ioeo
oa?aeoa?enoeeo ?iaioe, a oaeiae noi?ioeueiaaii iaeaaaii?o? ?acoeueoaoe,
ye? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? iiaeaii e?oa?aoo?iee iaeyae aeine?aeaeaiue c i?iaeaie
ae?aaiinooaaiiy eiiaa???a ? aeoiaeo c eaaeo iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo
aeaoaeae oa aoce?a, cie?aia: oyaiaiai eaioethaa, i?aea?nii? aei?iae,
aocea ea?aoee c i?aea?neaie, i?ea?aeiiai oa iaoyaoaaeueiiai iaoai?ci?a ?
caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue o?ainii?oii? aei?iae.
O ?acoeueoao? aiae?co a?aeiia ? /anoioe iiaoi?aiue iieiiie aoce?a o?ueio
oei?a i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a AO-80,AO-100,AO-160 aeey iiaeaeueoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue aoei a?ae?a?aii oae? aeaoae?: e?iiooaei e?aee ? i?aaee
iaoai?cio ea?aoee; iaeueoe? ? eaiee eaioethaa oyaiaiai aeaiaioa; c??i/ee
i?ea?aei? iaoai?cio i?eaiaea; i?oaeeie aeey iaoyaoaaeueiiai i?eno?ith;
c??i/ee ? ?ieeee iiai?ioiiai i?eno?ith; i?io?eueiee i?ieao o?ane ia
caaeaao; caa?i? c’?aeiaiiy ia noeeao.
Aeey ia?ae?/aieo aeaoaeae ? aoce?a i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a c o?aooaaiiyi
ae?? ia ieo iaaaioaaeaiue c iiceoe?? iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy i?iaiae?ciaaii
noai i?iaeaie ? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a oa
?o caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue a oiiaao aoiiieo ? noaoe/ieo iaaaioaaeaiue,
iaaaaeaii oeie eaai?a-oi?ieo c?ace?a ? noaie ?o iaaaioaaeaiue, ye?
aeei?enoiaothoueny c iaoith aeine?ae-aeaiue o??ueiio?eaeino?, ?
noi?ioeueiaaia iaoa ?iaioe oa caaaeaiiy aeey ?? ?aae?caoe??.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aeeeaaeaii oaoiieia?th aeai-oiaeaiiy eaai?aoi?ieo
c?ac-e?a ? niiniae ?i?oe?thaaiiy a ieo aoiiieo o??uei c iaoith
iiaeaeueoiai ?o aeei?enoaiiy aeey aecia/aiiy iii?o iaoa-??aeo iioe?aiith
o??ueie.
Cai?iiiiiaai? niiniae ?i?oe?thaaiiy aoiiieo o??uei aacothoueny ia
neeiaeo noaiao /ioe?eoi/eiaiai e?oaiaiai caeio oeee?iae?e/iiai c?acea c
e?eueoeaaei iaae??cii (?en. 1 a) ?en. 1. i?e o?eniaaiiio
i?iaei?, a oaeiae o?eoi/eiaiai caeio i?eciaoe/iiai c?acea c aieiaei
iaae??c-ii (?en. 2 a) i?e oeeee?/iiio aeaoi?ioaaii?.
Ca?aeii c? noaiith (?en. 1 a) oeee?iae?e/iee c?acie c e?eueoeaaei
iaae??cii anoaiiaeththoue a caoenea/? aei?iaoaaeueii? iaoeie c
aeiiiiiaith i?eno?ith ?aae?aeueiiai iaaaioaaeaiiy, i?iaeiathoue ?
iaa?oathoue ca e?oaiaei caeiii c aei?noei o?eniaaiith no??eith i?iaeio.
I?e oeueiio o?enothoue /an oeeee?/iiai aeaoi?ioaaiiy c?acea, ca yeee ia
aei? eiai e?eueoeaaiai iaae??co ca?iaeaeo?oueny e?eueoeaaa o??ueia
?aaeaiaioiaaii? aeeaeie. Cai?iiiiiaaiee niin?a aeicaiey? ae?iuoaaoe
eiioeaio?e/io e?eueoeaao o??ueio, niinoa??aaoe ca e?iaoeeith ??
i?ae?inoaiiy. Caienoth/e oeae i?ioean ia no??/oe? inoeeeia?aoa,
?iciaaeiaothoue ia??iaee ca?iaeaeaiiy oa iioe?aiiy aoiiii? o??ueie.
Ca neeiaith noaiith (?en. 2 a) i?eciaoe/iee c?acie c aieiaei
eiioeaio?aoi?ii anoaiiaeththoue ia iii?e, i?aeaeathoue cina?aaeaeaiiio
caeio ii na?aaeei? c i?ioeeaaeiiai aieo iai?ioe iaae??co ia onoaiiaoe?,
oeyoii oeeee?/iiai a?aeioeueiaiai aeaoi?ioaaiiy c aeiiiiiaith i?eno?ith,
cae??ieaiiai a iiia?a/i?e o?aaa?n? onoaiiaee (aeea. ?en. 3 a). I?e
oeueiio oaeiae o?enothoue /an oeeee?/iiai aeaoi?ioaaiiy c?acea, ca yeee
ia aei? aieiaiai iaae??co ca?iaeaeo?oueny aoiiia o??ueia. Aeeaeio
o??ueie eiio?ieththoue eaoaoiiao?ii, ieoey? yeiai iaaiaeyoue o aa?oeio
aeia eiioeaio?aoi?a. Cai?iiiiiaaiee niin?a oaeiae aeicaiey? ?i?oe?thaaoe
aoiiio o??ueio ?aaeaiaioiaaii? aeeaeie oa a?coaeueii niinoa??aaoe ca
e?iaoeeith ?? i?ae?inoaiiy.
Aeey aeine?aeaeaiue caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue o?ainii?oii? aei?iae, a?oie
?icaaeoaeaiue, iiai?io?a, iaoyaoaaeueieo i?eno?i?a cai?iiiiiaaii
oeee?iae?e/i? oa i?eciaoe/i? c?acee c iaieaaeaie (aeea. ?en. 1 a ? ?en.
2 a).
?en. 2
Oaoiieia?y aeaioiaeaiiy oa ?i?oe?thaaiiy o??uei o oeeo c?aceao iieyaa? o
aeei?enoaii? iaoa??ae?a i?aeaeuaii? i?oeiino? oa oaa?aeino?, a iniia?
yeeo ia??cathoue eaiaaeo (??a/ae) iaaii? aeeaeie oa oe?eie. Iio?i ??
caieaaeythoue aeine?aeaeoaaiei iaoa??aeii, yeee ?i?oo? caa?ia c’?aeiaiiy
a eiino?oeoe??, a ii na?aaeei? iaieaaee ia??cathoue iaae??c.
Ca noaiaie e?oaiaiai caeio oeee?iae?e/iiai c?acea c e?eueoeaaei
iaae??cii o iaieaaoe? (?en. 1 a) oa o?eoi/eiaiai caeio i?eciaoe/iiai
c?acea c aieiaei iaae??cii o iaieaaoe? (?en. 2 a) aiaeia?/ii i?e
caaeaieo ?aaeeiao ?i?oe?ththoue aeo?aeio o??ueio oa aea/athoue aoiiio
i?oei?noue caa?ieo c’?aeiaiue.
Ca aeiiiiiaith io?eiaieo aoaeoeaieo niinia?a ?i?oe?thaaiiy aeo?aeieo
o??uei o aeacaieo oeiao c?ace?a aeine?aeaeaii ?aaeeie iaaaioaaeaiiy aeey
?o ?i?oe?thaaiiy. I?ae?aooiie ?oei?aieo iai?oaeaiue caeio sca, aai
eiao?oe??ioa ?ioaineaiino? iai?oaeaiue E1fca o aa?oei? aoiiii?
o??ueie i?iaiaeeii ca aii??e/ieie caeaaeiinoyie:
sca F 0,8 s0,2 ,
(1)
aai E1fca F 0,67 E1n ,
(2)
aea s0,2 –a?aieoey oaeo/ino? aeey aei?iaoaaeueiiai c?acea;
E1n – oa?aeoa?enoeea o??ueiio?eaeino? aeine?aeaeoaaiiai
iaoa??aeo.
Ca oi?ioeaie iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy aeey neeiai? noaie inueiaiai ?icoyao
oeee?iae?e/ieo c?ace?a c e?eueoeaaith o??ueiith a iniia? aai a iaieaaoe?
(?en. 1 a, 1 a) a?aeiia?aeii iiaeia i?ae?aooaaoe o??ueiio?eae?noue (E1C)
eiino?oeoe?eiiai iaoa??aeo /e iaoa??aeo caa?iiai c’?aeiaiiy ca oaeeie
oi?ioeaie*:
wmetafile8? ????? ? ????????
?????????????yyy????.??????1?????????????
` ???&??yyyy?????Ayyy±yyy`???????&?
?MathType???????u????????????-?????„
???hE???u????????????-????iE???›???-?????›
???xo???xo???xD???o???d ???u?th??????aea F*
- ?oei?aia iaaaioaaeaiiy aeey c?acea c e?eueoeaaith o??ueiith;
y – iii?aai/ia ooieoe?y, yea caeaaeeoue a?ae a?aeiiniiai
?ici??o e?eueoeaai? o??ueie l = d /D, (d – ae?aiao? c?acea c o??ueiith;
D – ciai?oi?e ae?aiao? oeee?iae?a ).
Oa?aeoa?enoeeo o??ueiio?eaeino? E1n eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a oa ?o
caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue aeey neeiai? noaie o?eoi/eiaiai caeio i?eciaoe/ieo
c?ace?a c aieiaith o??ueiith a iniia? oa iaieaaoe? (?en. 2 a, a)
a?aeiia?aeii iiaeia ia/eneeoe ca oi?ioeaie*:
E1N=(3F*LOe3/2AOeI3)·f(e);
f(e)=1,93-3,07e+14,053e2-25,11e3+25,8e4, (4)
aea F*- ?oei?aia iaaaioaaeaiiy aeey i?eciaoe/iiai c?acea c aieiaith
o??ueiith; L – caaaeueia aeiaaeeia c?acea; f(e) – iii?aaia ooieoe?y, yea
caeaaeeoue a?ae a?aeiiniiai ?ici??o aieiai? o??ueie; e = l / H (l -
aeiaaeeia o??ueie; I – aenioa c?acea;) B – oiaueia c?acea.
____________________
* - A. A. Iaianthe, I. ?. Aiae?aee?a, N. ?. Eia/ee – Iaoiaeu ioeaiee
o?aueiinoieeinoe eiino?oeoeeiiiuo iaoa?eaeia. – Eeaa “Iaoeiaa aeoiea” –
1977, - n. 277.
Ioaea, ia aac? ?ic?iaeaieo iaoiae?a ?i?oe?thaaiiy aoiiieo o??uei o
oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo c?aceao ia i?aeaioia/?e noaae?? iiaeia: (a
eii?aeeiaoao (l – N), aea l - aeiaaeeia o??ueie; N – e?euee?noue oeeee?a
iaaaioaaeoaaiiy) aea/aoe i?ioeane aoiiiiai ?oeioaaiiy eiino?oeoe?eieo
iaoa??ae?a oa ?o caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue. ?acii c oei, aeei?enoaiiy
oai?aoe/ieo ?ica'yce?a caaea/ a?aie/ii? ??aiiaaae oaa?aeeo o?e c
aeaoaeoaie oeio o??uei aeey oeeo neeiaeo noai aeicaieeoue aeinoia??ii
aecia/eoe oa?aeoa?enoeeo o??ueiio?eaeino? (E1C) iaoa??ae?a c o?aooaaiiyi
??cieo /eiiee?a.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? iaaaaeaii ?yae a?aeiiinoae uiaei iiaaae?iee
a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaoaeae aoce?a eiiaa???a c iiceoe?? iaoai?ee
?oeioaaiiy.
Aaaeeeaiai cia/aiiy iaaeaii a?aooaaiith ?aaeueieo oiia aenieoaoaoe??,
aeaeo iaaaioaaeaiiy, aea/aiith aieea?a ?aaeei?a oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy,
oaenoo?e iaoa??aeo, ianooaaiiai aoaeoo oiui.
Aeey aoiiieo aei?iaoaaiue iaoo?ieo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a /e eaai?aoi?ieo
c?ace?a, ?ic?iaeaii oa aeaioiaeaii aaaaoiiiceoe?eio onoaiiaeo c
iaiao?aeiei oaoiieia?/iei nii?yaeaeaiiyi ia aac? aeaeaoia aioo??oiueiai
cai?yiiy aaioaaeiiai aaoiiia?ey C?E-131 c V-iiae?aiei ?icoaooaaiiyi
ainueie
oeee?iae??a a aeioe?, cae??ieaiiai ia aoiiaeo iiaeooeao aei ?aie caa?ii?
eiino?oeoe??.
Onoaiiaea (?en. 3 a) i?aoeth? i?ney iaa?oaiiy eie?i/anoiai aaea 3, yeee
i?eaiaeeoueny a?ae aeaeo?iaeaeaoia 1 ( N =7 eao, n = 900 oa-1) /a?ac
ioooo c/aieaiiy 2. Caa?oo aeieo a i?noeyo ioai??a, aea ia?ai?uothoueny o
cai?ioii-iinooiiaiio iai?yieao ii?oi? 5 c oaooiaie 4 cae??ieaii noaeaie
7.
?en 3.
Ana?aaeei? noaeai?a ?ici?uai? ieaei? iai?yii? anoaaee 6, ye? ca
eiacaeueiei ianoaaiiyi aoiaeyoue a ioai?e aeieo 12. Aei aa?oiuei?
/anoeie noaeai?a i?ee??ieaii e?eoee 11 c aa?oi?ie iai?yiieie anoaaeaie
9, ia?ai?uaiiy yeeo ?aaoeththoue caoeneieie aaeioaie 10. I?ney aacoaaiiy
ia iii?i? iiaa?oi? ieaei?o ? aa?oi?o anoaaie aei?iaoaaeueieo aeaoaeae
iiaeia aeine?aeaeoaaoe ?o aoiiio i?oei?noue i?e oeeee?/iiio
aeaoi?ioaaii?. Cae??ieaoe i?eciaoe/iee c?acie ca noaiith o?eoi/eiaiai
caeio c aei?noei o?eniaaiei i?iaeiii ? i?ney eiai oeeee?/iiai
a?aeioeueiaiai aeaoi?ioaaiiy, iiaeia aea/aoe i?ioeane ca?iaeaeaiiy oa
iioe?aiiy aoiiii? o??ueie (?en. 3 a).
Ia onoaiiaoe? aeine?aeaeaii aoiiio i?oei?noue aeaaeeeo oeee?iae?e/ieo
i?oaeei ? oeee?iae?e/ieo i?oaeei c aaeioiaei iaae??cii a caeaaeiino?
a?ae ?aaeei?a oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy. O ?acoeueoao? anoaiiaeaii ??cio
ii??i?noue aoiiiiio ?oeioaaiith i?oaeeiii? noae? 60N2A, yea ?
iaeieae/ith aeey iaae??caieo i?oaeei c ae??aiica?ienoith no?oeoo?ith
(aa?ooaaiiy 1113 E oa a?aeione 473 E ). Aa?ooaaiiy oa a?aeione 723 E
i?aeaeuo? aei 50…60% ii?? ?oeioaaiith oeeo i?oaeei aac cieaeaiiy
i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae, ui oaeiae i?aeoaa?aeaeaii ?acoeueoaoaie
eaai?aoi?ieo aei?iaoaaiue ia aeeiai?/io o??ueiio?eae?noue ECO i?ney
oaea?ieo iaaaioaaeaiue.
Aiaeia?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao ?aaeei?a oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy aeeiiaii
? aeey ?ioeo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a (ooiaoa/a, oii?a iaaeath/iai),
aeaioiaeaieo ?c noaeae 40OI ? 40OI2IA a?aeiia?aeii. Eeoa cai?ia
iecueeiai a?aeioneo na?aaei?i (aa?ooaaiiy c 1233 E oa a?aeione 473 E ia
na?aaei?e a?aeione 573 E) aeicaieeea i?aeaeueoe aoiiio i?oei?noue ia 35%
aeey noae? 40OI ? aei 50% aeey noae? 40OI2IA. I?aeoaa?aeaeaiiyi oeueiai
neoaeaoue oaeiae aeai? uiaei ioe?iee ?o iii?o ?oeioaaiith ca ia?aiao?ii
E1n.
Eiiieaen aeine?aeaeaiue aieeao ?aaeei?a oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy aeey
aaaeeeaeo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a (iaeueoe?a, e?iiooaei?a, o?anoiaei),
aeaioiaeaieo ?c noaeae 45, 45A2, aeeiiaii ca e?eoa???i noaoe/ii?
o??ueiio?eaeino? (E1n) i?ney aei?iaoaaiue eaai?aoi?ieo oeee?iae?e/ieo
c?ace?a c e?eueoeaaeie o??ueiaie, /iai ia iiaeia aoei aeyaeoe ia
i?aenoaa? aeaieo iaoai?/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee i?oeiino? (sa, y, d,) /e
oaea?ii? a'yceino?.
Aeey eenoiaeo noaeae 35, No. 3in , c yeeo aeaioiaeythoue c??ee,
iaeeaaeee, e?iiooaeie aaioaaeii?aeo?eioaaeuei? oa aaioaaeio?eie?, ?aie
?ooii? oa ia?ooii?, aeine?aeaeaii aieea i?ieaooaaiiy oiaoi oaenoo?e oeeo
noaeae. Anoaiiaeaii ci?io (ENO) a caeaaeiino? a?ae ai?cio?ii?? oeeo
noaeae oa iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?. Cie?aia, a?eueoee ii?? ?oeioaaiith i?e
oaea?? (ENO) aeey oeeo noaeae iaea?aeaii i?e ia?iaiaeeeoey?iiio
iioe?aii? o??uei aei iai?yieo i?ieaooaaiiy, i?ae i?e ia?aeaeueiiio.
?acii c oei ii??a oieiaeiieaieino? noaeae cnoaa?oueny a a?e a?ae'?iieo
oaiia?aoo? o aeiaaeeo ia?aeaeueiiai iioe?aiiy o??ueie aei i?ieaooaaiiy,
i?ae aeey ia?iaiaeeeoey?iiai.
Ia i?eeeaae? noaoe/ieo aei?iaoaaiue i?eciaoe/ieo c?ace?a c aieiaith
o??ueiith ia o?eoi/eiaee caei ? oeee?iae?e/ieo c?ace?a c e?eueoeaaith
o??ueiith ia inueiaee ?icoya aeine?aeaeaii aieea ianooaaiiai oaeoi?o ia
o??ueiio?eae?noue noae? 35 e?ea? 1, 3 oa No. 3in e?ea? 2, 4 (aeea. ?en.
4), oiaoi EC = f (B, D), aea B, D – oiaueia i?eciaoe/iiai oa ae?aiao?
oeee?iae?e/iiai c?ace?a a?aeiia?aeii. Oa?aeoa?i? e?ea? iieacothoue, ui
oeie oa ?ici??e c?ace?a ? noaie ?o iaaaioaaeaiue ii ??ciiio aieeaathoue
ia EC = f (B, D) aeiee ia aeeiiothoueny oiiae aaoiiiaeaeueiino? ciie
ia?aae?oeioaaiiy (aeea. ?en. 4).
?en. 4
I?ney aeinyaiaiiy iaaii? oiaueie (A) aeey i?eciaoe/iiai ? ae?aiao?a (D)
aeey oeee?iae?e/iiai c?ace?a ?nio? noaa?euei?noue cia/aiue EC = E1C,
iacaeaaeieo a?ae ?ici???a c?ace?a (aeea. ai?eciioaeuei? e?i?? ia ?en.
4), ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue oaeoe/i? cia/aiiy E1C aeey aeine?aeaeoaaieo
noaeae.
A?aoiaoth/e aaaeeea?noue aecia/aiiy oa?aeoa?enoeee E1C aeey ?iaeaia?ii?
i?aeoeee, ia i?eeeaae? noae? 40O ?c s0,2 = 460 IIa ? sa = 815 IIa
aeine?aeaeaii ci?io o??ueiio?eaeino? EC = f (D, B) oiaoi ?ici???a
oeee?iae?e/iiai oa i?eciaoe/iiai c?ace?a ? ci?io ?oei?aieo iai?oaeaiue
s* i?ney ?o ?oeioaaiiy (aeea. e?ea? 1, 2, 3 ia ?en. 5).
Ine?eueee aeey Dmin = 25 ii ? A min = 40 ii, aeey yeeo EC = E1C ,
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny noaa?eueiei cia/aiiyi (E1C = 69,9 IIaOei ), a ?oei?ai?
iai?oaeaiiy s* niaaeathoue aei s0,2 = 460 IIa, aea s0,2 - a?aieoey
oaeo/ino? iaoa??aeo, oi c?iaeaii ni?iao i?ae?aooieo e?eoe/iiai ?ici??o
aeaoaeoo l e?, ca yeei iiaeia aoei ae i?iaiicoaaoe i?aoeacaeaoi?noue
iaea?eueo iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae eiiaa???a ca?aeii c oaeeie
ni?aa?aeiioaiiyie:
l e?=1,62 (E1C / s0,2
)2, (5)
aeey noaie inueiaiai iaaaioaaeaiiy oeee?iae?e/iiai c?acea c naaiaioiith
o??ueiith ca oiiae caaacia/aiiy aaoiiiaeaeueiino? ciie ia?aae?oeioaaiiy
aeey ae?aiao?a oeee?iae?a:
Dwmetafile8?
??????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
????????@???&??yyyy?????Ayyyaeyyy???f?????&??MathType??
????u?th??????
0,3wmetafile8? ???????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
?@???&??yyyy?????Ayyyaeyyy???f?????&??MathType??
????u?th??????aea l - aeeaeia naaiaioii? o??ueie, D – ciai?oi?e
ae?aiao? oeee?iae?a, a oaeiae
l e?=1,5 (E1C / s0,2
)2, (7)
aeey noai o?eoi/eiaiai caeio i?eciaoe/iiai c?acea c aieiaith o??ueiith
i?e oiia? caaacia/aiiy aaoiiiaeaeueiino? ciie ia?aae?oeioaaiiy aeey
oiaueie c?acea:
Bwmetafile8?
??????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
????????@???&??yyyy?????Ayyyaeyyy???f?????&??MathType??
????u?th??????wmetafile8? ??T?????????????
???????????yyy????.????1?????????????
???&??yyyy?????Ayyy¦yyya???AE?????&?
?MathType??P????&??yyyy??????????????0,3wmetafile8?
??????????????? ???????????yyy????.????1??????
????????@???&??yyyy?????Ayyyaeyyy???f?????&??MathType??
????u?th??????aea l – aeeaeia aieiai? o??ueie; H – aenioa c?acea.
Ia/eneai? cia/aiiy E1C ca oi?ioeaie (3) ? (4) aeey aeaio oei?a c?ace?a
oa l e? ca oi?ioeaie (5) ? (7) aeey ??cieo ia?ie noaeae, aeaioiaeaieo
ca caaiaenueeith oa cai?iiiiiaaiith oaoiieia?yie, iiaeaii o caaaeai?e
oaae. 1.
sse aeaeii ?c oaae.1 a?eueoiio E1C a?aeiia?aea? a?eueoa cia/aiiy l e?,
ui cana?ae/o? ia ei?enoue cai?iiiiiaaieo oaoiieia?e aeaioiaeaiiy oeeo
noaeae o ii??aiyii? ?c caaiaenueeeie.
*aoaa?oee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee aenia?eiaioaeueiiio aecia/aiith (E1C)
caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue o?ainii?oii? aei?iae ia i?yiie?i?eieo oa
e?eaie?i?eieo ae?eyieao, a i?noeyo ?? noeeo, a oaeiae ?aie
iaoyaoaaeueiiai i?eno?ith.
Ia'?eoii aeine?aeaeaiue aoee caa?i? c'?aeiaiiy ?c noaeae 09A2N, No. 3in,
noae? 35. Ae??cai? ?c ieo caaioiaee caa?thaaee a noee o
iai?aaaoiiaoe/iiio ?aaeei? caa?thaaeueiei ae?ioii ae?aiao?ii 1,0 ii ?c
noae? 08A2N.
I?oei?noue i?eoiaii? ae?eyiee ioe?ithaaee ia oeee?iae?e/ieo ?
i?eciaoe/ieo c?aceao c o??ueiaie (?en. 2 a, a). Nooue aeine?aeaeaiue
iieyaaea a oiio, ui aeo?aei? o??ueie a ieo ?i?oe?thaaee ii na?aaeei? oaa
(O), ia iaae? ciie nieaaeaiiy (CN), a cii? oa?i?/iiai aieeao (COA) ? o
aeo?aeiiio iaoa??ae? (aeea.
___________________
*-Iaiueei E. I., Eacueei E. I., Ia?ooa A. E. Oneiaey i?eiaieiinoe
e?eoa?ey E?aeia aeey oeeeeiae?e/aneeo ia?acoeia n iaeiinoi?iiiae
naaiaioiie o?aueiie / Oeceei - oeie/aneay iaoaieea iaoa?eaeia.
– 1987. - ? 2 - N. 120-122.
Oaaeeoey 1.
Cia/aiiy E1C, s0,2 ? l e? aeey eiino?oeoe?eieo noaeae i?aea?nieo
eiiaa???a
AO-80, AO-100, AO-160
?
iiIacaa aoce?a ? aeaoaeae eiiaa???aIa?ea noae? oa oaoiieia?y iaea?aeaiiy
aeaoaeaeO??ueiio?eae?noue. (E1C, IIaOei) ? (s0,2 ,IIa) oa ?ici??
aeaoaeo(le?,ii)CaaiaenueeaCai?iiiiiaaiaCaaiae. Oaoi.Cai?iiii.
Oaoi.Eiiaa?? AO-80; 1I?ea?aei. iaoai?ci
:c??eaNoaeue 35, eeno, noai iinoaaeeNo.35, eeno, iiaa?o. Ci?oei.coaa
NA*63,5/30015,5372,1/32017,592Ioooa iaeueoe?
oeee?iae?e/i?Noaeue40OI,aa?.ooai aa?o.+a?aeione 473 ENoaeue40OI2,aa?y/a
ooai.,aa?o.+a?aei.473 E76,0/12201,3383,5/11051,973Iaoyaoaaeueiee iao.
e?iiooaeiNoaeue35,aa?y/a, ooaiiiaeaNoaeue35,aa?y/a
Ooaiiiaea+ii?iae.64,8/31015,1468,2/32015,72C??eaNo.35, eeno, noai
iinoaaeeNoaeue35,eeno,iiaa?o ci?oeiaiiy coaa
NA*63,8/30515,1673,0/32018,03I?oaeeiaNoaeue 60N2A e?oa. Aa?o.+a?aeione
473ENoaeue 60N2A, aa?o+a?aeione 623
E52,0/13200,5462,6/11700,994Iiai?ioiee iao.
C??eaNoaeue 35, eeno, noai iinoaaeeNoaeue35,eeno,iiaa?o.ci?oeiai. coaa
NA*64,0/30015,7772,0/32017,54?aia ?ooiiaNo. 3in, oaaea? ?14No. 3in,
oaaea? ?1460,0/29014,83------5Aocie ea?aoee
E?iiooaeiNoaeue 35, aa?y/a ooaiiiaeaNoaeue 35, aa?y/a
ooaiiia+a?a?iia?i64,8/31015,1474,8/35015,82O?anoiaeiaNoaeue45,aa?.ooaii
aa?o.+a?aeione. 473ENoaeue45,aa?.ooaii.
Aa?o.+a?aeione.623E57,2/13000,6468,4/10501,47Eiiaa??e AO-100,
AO-1601Aocie ea?aoee
ooiaoa/Noaeue40OI, aa?y/a ooai.aa?.+a?aei,473ENoaeue40OI,aa?.ooai
oaeiae+a?a?iia?iaea66,0/8202,2487,8/9003,29Oii? iaaeath/eeNo.40OI2IA,
Ooai.aa?.+a?aei.523ENoaeue40OI2IA, aa?
ooai.aa?.+a?aei.523E72,0/14200,8997,5/12502,10IaeeaaeeaNoaeue35, i?ie.
eeno.Noaeue35, i?ie. eeno.63,0/30015,28------2I?aea?nea
o?aini.No.45A2N,aeaioaa.?14No.45A2N,aeaioa.?1475,2/6005,44------Oyaiaee
eaioetha
Iaeaoeue oeee?iae?.Noaeue40OI, e?oa., aa?o.+a?aei.473E1nNoaeue 40OI,
e?oa., aa?o.+a?aei.573E76,5/12501,2984,0/11001,983Eaiee ieanoei/.
(ciai.oa aioo?.)Noaeue40OI, aa?y/a ooai.aa?.+a?aei.473ENoaeue40OI,
aa?y/a ooai.aa?.+a?aei573E71,3/12001,2280,5/11001,85Iaoya.i?eno?.
I?oaeeiaNoaeue 45, eeno, noai iinoaaeeNoaeue45, eeno,
ii?iae?caoe?y62,5/4606,3966,8/4706,99I?oaeeiaNoaeue60N2A, e?oa.,
aa?o.+a?aeione 473ENoaeue60N2A, e?oa., aa?o.+a?aeione
623E52,0/13200,5462,6/11700,99I?ei?oea:1. Oa?aeoa?enoeeo E1N aeey
noaeae ?c eenoiaiai /e i?io?eueiiai i?ieaoo iaea?aeaii ia i?eciaoe/ieo
c?aceao o?eoi/eiaei caeiii; aeey noaeae, iaea?aeaieo o aeaeyae?
ooaiiiaie, e?oaeiai i?io?eth - ia oeee?iae?e/ieo c?aceao inueiaei
?icoyaii.
2.Cia/aiiy s0,2 iaea?aeaii ia noaiaea?oieo
aeaaeeeo oeee?iae?e/ieo c?aceao (d = 6 ii; L = 60 ii) inueiaei
?icoyaii.
3. A /enaeueieeo cia/aiiy E1n, a ciaiaiieeo
cia/aiiy s0,2.
noaio ia ?en. 6) i?ney ia??coaaiiy eiioeaio?aoi??a o oeeo ciiao
(?aae?on yeiai r F 0,2ii, a aeeaeia t = 2ii Oa?aeoa?enoeeo
o??ueiio?eaeino? (E1C) ia/eneyee ca oi?ioeaie (3) ? (4). Iaea?aeai?
?acoeueoaoe caaaeai? a oaae. 2.
Oaaeeoey 2.
Cia/aiiy E1C aeey i?eoiaii? ae?eyiee iaeii??aeieo caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue.
?i/iCiia c ?i?oe?eiaaiith o??ueiith o caa?iiio
c'?aeiaii?O??ueiio?eae?noue E1C, IiaOeiOeee?iae?. c?acieI?eciaoe/i.
C?acie09A2N No.3in No.3509A2N No.3in No.351Oia /O/68,5 39,2
44,372,7 41,4 50,22E?i?y nieaaeaiiy /EN/65,1 37,5
42,868,0 40,2 47,33Ciia oa?i?/. Aieeao /COA/70,2
40,4 46,775,9 45,6 53,74Aeo?aei.iaoae/AI/ iicaeiaae.
i???ioiaia o??ueia aei i?ieaooaaiiy80,4 58,0 72,4
87,2 60,8 76,5Iiia?a/ia i???ioaoe?y o??ueie aei
i?ieaooaaiiy91,6 62,0 78,6 100,3 70,5 83,0
I?ei?oea: ?ici??e oeee?iae?e/ieo c?ace?a: D =15ii; d =12ii; L =200ii;
?ici??e i?eciaoe/ieo c?ace?a: A =15ii; I =20ii; N =5ii; L
=200ii
Aiie na?ae/aoue, ui aeey an?o c'?aeiaiue, iacaeaaeii a?ae noaie
iaaaioaaeaiiy oa oeio aei?iaoaaeueiiai c?ac-ea, iaea?eueoa cia/aiiy E1C
aeey an?o cii caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue ia? noaeue 09A2N, iio?i noaeue 35 ?
iaeiaioa – No. 3in. ?aiaeoaaiiy naii? i?e-oiaii? ae?eyiee ie?aii acyoiai
caa?iiai c'?aeiaiiy iieacaei, ui i?i?iaeueia o??ueiio?eae?noue aeey ciie
nieaaeaiiy (CN) oa iaeneiaeueia aeey aeo?aeiiai iaoa??aeo (AI). ??cieoey
nyaa? aei 35% aeey noae? 09A2N ? aei 48% aeey noaeae 35 ? No. 3in
iacaeaaeii a?ae oeio aei?iaoaaeueiiai c?acea. Ia i?aenoaa? ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue cai?iiiiiaaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeey caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue, ye?
a iaee iioeiaeueio o??ueiio?eae?noue.
I'yoee ?icae?e i?enay/aiee ?ic?iaeaiith iaoiaeo ioe?iee i?oeiino?
eiiiiceoieo iaoa??ae?a ia aacaeueoiieanoeeia?e iniia?, ye? a?iiaai?
neeiaieieiii, c iaoith ?o aeei?enoaiiy o eiiaa??iaoaeoaaii?. Nooue
iaoiaeo caiaeeoueny aei cai?ie e?ii?oei? iia?aoe?? caa?thaaiiy
c'?aeiaiue ia neeathaaiiy.
Ia i?eeeaae? aeaio o?oa 1, 2 aeia?eueiiai ae?aiao?a (aeea. ?en. 7),
ianaaeaeaieo ia oeee?iae?e/io ii?aaeo 3 ? c?ieiooeo ii oi?oeyo,
iieacaii, ui ca aeiiiiiaith o?anoiiiae?aiiai iaiiooaaiiy o aeaeyae?
o?oa/anoiai aaiaeaaeo 4 caaeaii? oiaueie (h) ? aeiaaeeie (l) c
eiiiiceoo ia aacaeueoiieanoeeia?e iniia? a?iiaaiiai neeiaieieiii iiaeia
iaea?aeaoe aeinoaoiuei? i?oeiino? c'?aeiaiiy. Iaoa??aeii aeey
iaiiooaaiiy aaiaeaaeo ia iiaa?oith o?oa ? aacaeueoiaa aieieii, i?ini/aia
aiieneaeiith niieith AAe - 5 aai AAe - 10. Iie?ia?ecaoe?y
iaoaeiieanoeea i?iaiaeeeanue i?e oaiia?aoo?? 373...423E i?ioyaii 2
aiaeei. Aei?anoaaaoe ii?aaeo 3 ?c aioo??oiueiai ioai?o o?oa, io?eioaaee
o?oa/anoee aaiaeaaeiee c?acie, i?eaeaoiee aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy noaoe/ii?
i?oeiino? eiiiiceoieo iaoa??ae?a.
?oei?ai? iai?oaeaiiy ?ic?eao aaiaeaaeo aecia/aee ca oi?ioeith:
s* = F*/pDh ,
(9)
aea F* - ?oei?aia iaaaioaaeaiiy i?ney inueiaiai ?icoyao o?oa/anoiai
c?acea;
D – ciai?oi?e ae?aiao? o?oa; h – oiaueia oa?o iaiioaiiai
aacaeueoiieanoeea.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii anoaiiaeaii, ui ?oeioaaiiy oaeiai eiiiiceoo oeyoii
ii?iaeueiiai a?ae?eao, a ia c??co aeey iaiioaiiai aacaeueoiaiai oa?o ia
iiaa?oi? c?noeeiaaieo o?oa a?aeaoaa?oueny ca oiiae, eiee aeiaaeeia
aaiaeaaea l ? 4D, a eiai oiaueia h ? t ; aea D -ciai?oi?e ae?aiao? o?oa;
t – oiaueia no?iee o?oa.
?en. 7
Aecia/ai? ?oeioth/? ii?iaeuei? iai?oaeaiiy s* = 750 IIa i?aeoe/ii
aei??aiththoue sa noae? 45 o noai? iinoaaee.
Ioaea, cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea neeathaaiiy o?oa cai?ith? aeey i?aeoeee
ia aeiiii?/io iia?aoe?th caa?thaaiiy.
Aeniiaee
1. Noi?ioeueiaaii iaoiaeieia?th oa ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee c a?aeiia?aeiei
oaoi?/iei nii?yaeaeaiiyi ? eiio?ieueii-aei??thaaeueiith oaoi?eith
aecia/aiiy iii?o iaoa??aeo iioe?aiith o??ueie aeey noaoe/ieo ?
oeeee?/ieo iaaaioaaeaiue a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaoaeae i?aea?nieo
eiiaa???a.
2. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea, ai?uo? oaoiieia?th aeaioiaeaiiy ? niiniae
?i?oe?thaaiiy o??uei, aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao oaoiieia?/ieo oaeoi??a,
cie?aia aoaeoo ianooaao, a'yceino? ?oeioaaiiy (E1C), ? caa?thaaiiy i?e
?icoyaoaaii? oa caeiaii? oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo c?ace?a c
o??ueiaie.
3. ?ic?iaeaii eiino?oeoe?th onoaiiaee oa iaoiaeeeo aei?iaoaaiue ia
aoiiio aeiaaia?/i?noue iaoo?ieo aeaoaeae aoce?a eiiaa???a a oiiaao,
iaaeeaeaieo aei aenieoaoaoe?eieo, ui aeicaieeei i?aeaeueoe
aeinoia??i?noue iaea?aeoaaieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo aeey
i?iaiicoaaiiy aeiaaia?/iino? oa o?eiei? caeaoiino? aeaoaeae eiiaa???a.
4. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii iniiai? caeiiii??iino?
aieeao oaoiieia?/ieo /eiiee?a (?aaeei?a oa?i?/iiai ci?oeiaiiy, oaenoo?e
iaoa??aeo, oaoiieia?? aeaioiaeaiiy ia oaea?io a'yce?noue ? a'yce?noue
?oeioaaiiy oe?ieiai eiea iaoa??ae?a aeaoaeae i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a).
Iieacaii, ui o?eueee c iiceoe?? iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy (iaoai?ee o??ueie)
iiaeia noaeeoe i?i aieea oaoiieia?/ieo /eiiee?a ia i?aoeacaeaoi?noue
iaoaeo a ?aaeueieo ae?iaao. Aei?iaoaaiiy iaoa??ae?a ca i?oei?noth (sa)
/e ia oaea?io a'yce?noue (ECV) ia aeicaieythoue aoaeoeaii aeyaeoe oeeo
ci?i.
5. Aeine?aeaeaii aieea ianooaaiiai /eiieea ia a'yce?noue ?oeioaaiiy E1C
(EC) aeey noaeae (noaeue 35, No. 3in, 40O). Anoaiiaeaii, ui aeey iaeiiai
? oiai ae iaoa??aeo i?e ?icoyaoaaii? oeee?iae?e/iiai c?acea c
e?eueoeaaith o??ueiith oiiae aaoiiiaeaeueiino? a cii? ia?aae?oeioaaiiy
(iaea?eueoi? noeniaiino? aeey ieanoe/ii? aeaoi?iaoe??) aeinyaathoueny ia
iaioiio ae?aiao?? c?acea D, ii??aiyii c oiaueiith A ieineiai c?acea c
aieiaith o??ueiith.
6. Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue o??ueiio?eaeino? (E1C) noaeae
(noaeue 35, No. 3in, 40OI, 40OI2, 40OI2IA, 45A2N, noaeue 45, 60N2A) ia
oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo c?aceao c o?aooaaiiyi ?o oi?ie oa
aaiiao??? o??ueie cai?iiiiiaaii oi?ioee aeey aecia/aiiy e?eoe/iiai
?ici??o aeaoaeoo (o??ueie) oa i?iaiicoaaiiy ?ano?no aeaoae? (ae?iao).
7. Cai?iiiiiaaii neeaaeia? ?c iecueeii?oeieo ? aenieii?oeieo ae?eyiie
eiino?oeoe?? iaeiaaaa?eoieo oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo c?ace?a ?c
o??ueiaie aeey aecia/aiiy a'yceino? ?oeioaaiiy ieanoe/ieo iaoa??ae?a
/a?ac caieaaeaiiy e?eueoeaaeo ? aieiaeo eaiaaie o c?aceao
aeine?aeaeoaaiei iaoa??aeii. Noeniai?noue ieanoe/ii? aeaoi?iaoe?? o
aa?oei? o??ueie aeinyaa?oueny ca ?aooiie oo?eioaaeueii? caeaoiino?
aenieii?oeii? ae?eyiee (iao?eoe?) c?acea.
8. Ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aei?iaoaaiue o??ueiio?eaeino? E1C ??cieo
ae?eyiie caa?iiai c'?aeiaiiy noaeae 35, 09A2N, No. 3in, aeyaeaii, ui
iaeiaioee ii?? ?oeioaaiith E1C (EC) ia? ciia nieaaeaiiy; oea coiiaeaii
iaaaoeaiei aieeaii caeeoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue. Cai?iiiiiaaii ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
uiaei ciaioaiiy caeeoeiaeo iai?oaeaiue oa iie?auaiiy aeeooc?eieo
i?ioean?a, ui a?aeaoaathoueny a ?icieaaeai?e aaii? i?ae /an caa?thaaiiy.
9. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee i?oeiino? o?oa/anoeo aeaoaeae aoce?a
eiiaa???a c aeei?enoaiiyi a?iiaaieo neeiaacaeueoiieanoeeiaeo eiiiiceo?a,
ye? iaiioothoueny a i?noe? noeeo o?oa o aeaeyae? ianaaeiiai aaiaeaaea.
Aenia?eiaioaeueii ia?aa??aii aoaeoeai?noue cai?ie iia?aoe?? caa?thaaiiy
neeathaaiiyi, ui cia/ii cieaeo? iaoa??aeuei? aeo?aoe oa ciaioo? ianya
?aiiioii-?anoaa?aoe?eieo ?ia?o a eiiaa??iaoaeoaaii?.
Nienie iioae?eiaaieo i?aoeue ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??.
1. Uaaeeei ss. N. Niin?a ?i?oe?thaaiiy o??ueie o i?eciaoe/iiio
c?aceo oa aecia/aiiy o??ueiino?eeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a //
Iaoeiiciaa-
noai. – 1997. - ? 4-6. - N. 41-43.
2. Eaa?aeue I. I., Uaaeeei ss. N. Aei ieoaiiy uiaei aecia/aiiy
oa?aeoa?enoeee o??ueiio?eaeino? /E1C/ iaoa??ae?a // A?niee aea?ae. oi-oo
“Euea?anueea iie?oaoi?ea”. – 1996. – ? 303. - N. 70-77.
3. Eiaoo I. N., Aiaeaiei E. E., Eoeeye I. E., Uaaeuei ss. N., Eiaoo I.
I. Onoaiiaea aeey iaoo?iuo eniuoaiee oeeeeiae?e/aneeo i?oaeei //
Oeceei-oeie/aneay iaoaieea iaoa?eaeia. - 1992. - ? 6. - N.74-75.
4. Eaoai? i?io?e? ye o?ao?i? ieanoeie ? e?iaoeea ?icaeoeo a ieo
ii/aoeiaeo aeaoaeo?a ye aeiaaeeiaeo aaee/ei. / O. ?. ?eaae,
I. ?. Oiiee,
ss. O. ?eaae, I. ?. Ao?y, ss. N. Uaaeeei // Iaoa??aee aeiiia?aeae III
I?aeia?iaeiiai neiiic?oio "Iaeeane/i? i?iaeaie oai??? oiieino?iieo
aeaiaio?a eiino?oeoe?e oa o?ceei-o?i?/ii? iaoai?ee eiiiiceoe?eieo
iaoa??ae?a". - ?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1995. - N.81-84.
5. Iie?ia?i? oa a?iiaai? eiiiiceoe, aeiiii?/i?noue ?
ia?niaeoeai?noue eiino?othaaiiy a n?eueainiiaoeiiaoaeoaaii? / O. ?.
?eaae, I. ?. Oiiee, ss.O. ?eaae, ss.N. Uaaeeei // Oace
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? eiioa?aioe?? "Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo i?iieneiaino?
ieanoian a Oe?a?i?". - Euea?a, 1995. - N. 91.
6. Iaoiaee/aneia e i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea ?an/aoa ia i?i/iinoue
iaeioi?uo eiino?oeoeee naeueoiciaoei ec a?ie?iaaiuo eiiiiceoia /
O.E.?uaae, ss.N. Uaaeuei // Oac. aeieeaaeia eiioa?aioeee
"Eiino?oe?iaaiea e i?iecaiaenoai ecaeaeee ec iieeia?iuo e iaoaeee/aneeo
eiiiiceoeeiiiuo iaoa?eaeia". - Eeaa: Iauanoai ciaiey, 1993. - N. 56.
7. Ioe?iea iaae?eiino? n?eueainiiaoei c iiceoe?? iaoai?ee e?eoeiai
?oeioaaiiy. / O.?. ?eaae, A.?. I?e, ss.N. Uaaeeei, ss.I. Iaeiia/iee //
I?aoe? II I?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe?? "Iia? oaoiieia?? a
iaoeiiaoaeoaaii?" Oa?e?a–?eaa/a, 1993. - N. 101-103.
8. Ioaeaeueiua ?acoeueoaou e iai?aaeaiey i?eiaiaiey eiiiiceoeeiiiuo
iaoa?eaeia a naeueneioicyenoaaiiii iaoeiino?iaiee / O. E. ?uaae,
ss.N. Uaaeuei, ss. I. Iaeiia/iue // Oacenu aeieeaaeia eiioa?aioeee
"Naienoaa e i?eiaiaiea iieeia?iuo eiiiiceoia a
naeueoiciaoeiino?iaiee". – Eeaa, 1992. - N. 4.
9. Enneaaeiaaiea onoaeinoiie i?i/iinoe oeeeeiae?e/aneeo i?oaeei ec noaee
60N2A / I.N. Eiaoo, O.E. ?uaae, ss.N. Uaaeuei // O?oaeu IV Ananithc.
neiiiceoia ii iaeioeeeeiaie onoaeinoe. - Eeoeiaa, 1991. - N. 37-40.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 01.02.04. - iaoai?ea aeaoi?i?aiiai oaa?aeiai o?ea.
Oa?iii?euenueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao ?iai? ?aaia Ioethy,
Oa?iii?eue, 1999.
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee aecia/aiiy o??ueiio?eaeino? eiino?oeoe?eieo
iaoa??ae?a, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey aeaioiaeaiiy iaea?eueo
iaaaioaaeaieo aeaoaeae aoce?a i?aea?nieo eiiaa???a c iaoith ioe?iee ?o
iaae?eiino?. Iaoiaee aacothoueny ia ii??aiyii? a’yceino? ?oeioaaiiy
i?ney aei?iaiaoaaiue oeee?iae?e/ieo ? i?eciaoe/ieo c?ace?a c o??ueiaie
? aecia/aiiy ?iaa??aioiiai ??aiy E1n .
Iaea?aeaii ?yae aenia?eiaioaeueieo ? oai?aoe/ieo caeaaeiinoae, ye?
aeicaieythoue i?iaiicoaaoe i?aoeacaeaoi?noue a?aeiia?aeaeueieo aeaoaeae
? aoce?a c o?aooaaiiyi aieeao ??cieo oaoiieia?/ieo /eiiee?a (?aaeei?a
oa?iiia?iaee, oaenoo?e iaoa??aeo, ianooaaiiai aoaeoo oiui). C iiceoe??
iaoai?ee ?oeioaaiiy aea/aia iano/a caeaoi?noue caa?ieo c'?aeiaiue, a
oaeiae c’?aeiaiue ia aac? a?iiaaieo neeiaacaeueoiieanoeeiaeo
eiiiiceoieo iaoa??ae?a. Aeaii ?yae ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeey ?iaeaia?ii?
i?aeoeee a ieai? i?aeaeuaiiy iaae?eiino? ? aeiaaia?/iino? i?aea?nieo
eiiaa???a.
Aiioaoe?y ?in?enueeith iiaith:
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 01.02.04. - iaoaieea aeaoi?ie?oaiiai oaa?aeiai oaea.
Oa?iiiieueneee ainoaea?noaaiiue oaoie/aneee oieaa?neoao eiaie Eaaia
Ioethy, Oa?iiiieue, 1999.
?ac?aaioaiu iaoiaeu ii?aaeaeaiey o?aueiinoieeinoe eiino?oeoeeiiiuo
iaoa?eaeia, eioi?ua eniieuecothony aeey ecaioiaeaiey iaeaieaa
iaa?oaeaiiuo aeaoaeae oceia iiaeaaniuo eiiaaea?ia n oeaeueth ioeaiee eo
iaaeaaeiinoe. Iaoiaeu aace?othony ia n?aaiaiee ayceinoe ?ac?ooaiey iinea
eniuoaiee oeeeeiae?e/aneeo e i?eciaoe/aneeo ia?acoeia n o?aueiaie e
ii?aaeaeaiea eiaa?eaioiiai o?iaiy E1n.
Aaniiui ?acoeueoaoii a ?aaioa yaeyaony ?ac?aaioaiiay iaoiaeieiaey
ecaioiaeaiey oeeeeiae?e/aneeo e i?eciaoe/aneeo ia?acoeia, eieoeee?iaaiey
e eiio?iey a ieo enoiaeiuo o?auei aeey enneaaeiaaiey i?ioeannia
onoaeinoiiai ?ac?ooaiey eiino?oeoeeiiiuo iaoa?eaeia ia
iiaeaioiaeoaeueiie noaaeee e aeaeueiaeoaai eniieueciaaiey yoeo
ia?acoeia aeey ii?aaeaeaiey ooiaeaiaioaeueiie oa?aeoa?enoeee
o?aueiinoieeinoe E1n iaoa?eaea.
?ac?aaioaia iiiaiianoiay onoaiiaea aeey i?iaaaeaiey onoaeinoiuo
eniuoaiee iaoo?iuo aeaoaeae eiiaaea?ia, a oaeaea e?oiiiaaaa?eoiuo
ia?acoeia aeey i?iaiice?iaaiey eo onoaeinoiie i?i/iinoe a oneiaeyo
aeeceeo e yenieoaoaoeeiiiui.
I?iaaaeai eiiieaen enneaaeiaaiee n iiceoeee noaoe/aneie o?aueiinoieeinoe
E1n aeey ?yaea eiino?oeoeeiiiuo noaeae 40OI, 40OI2IA, noaee 45, eaeoueo
ia ecaioiaeaiea ioaaonoaaiiuo aeaoaeae eiiaaea?ia (oieeaoaey, oii?a
iaaeathuaai, e?iiooaeia, e?anoiaei, iaeueoeaa) n o/aoii aeeyiey
oaoiieiaee oa?ie/aneiai oi?i/iaiey e onoaiiaeaii /oi oieueei ia iniiaa
iaoaieee ?ac?ooaiey iiaeii iaeaieaa yooaeoeaii ioeaieoue eo
nii?ioeaeaiea ?ac?ooaieth, /oi iaaiciiaeii onoaiiaeoue ia aaca
iaoaie/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoee e?aoeia?aiaiiie i?i/iinoe e oaea?iie
ayceinoe.
Aeey ieceieaae?iaaiiuo noaeae 35, No. 3in e eiino?oeoeeiiiie noaee 40O
enneaaeiaaii aeeyiea ianooaaiiai yooaeoa (?acia?ia oeeeeiae?e/aneiai e
i?eciaoe/aneiai ia?acoeia) n oeaeueth ii?aaeaeaiey eiaa?eaioiiai o?iaiy
E1n. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi aeey iaeiiai e oiai aea iaoa?eaea i?e ?anoyaeaiee
oeeeeiae?e/aneiai ia?acoea n eieueoeaaie o?aueiie oneiaey
aaoiiiaeaeueiinoe a ciia i?aae?ac?ooaiey (iaeneiaeueiiai noaniaiey
ieanoe/aneie aeaoi?iaoeee) aeinoeaathony ia iaiueoai aeeaiao?a ia?acoea
D, a n?aaiaiee n oieueiie A aeey ieineiai ia?acoea n aieiaie o?aueiie.
Enoiaey ec ?acoeueoaoia enneaaeiaaiee ianooaaiiai yooaeoa ia iniiaa
oaeoe/aneie aaee/eiu E1n e ?ac?ooathuaai cia/aiey iai?yaeaiey s*
i?aaeeiaeaii ?an/aoioth oi?ioeo ii?aaeaeaiey e?eoe/aneiai ?acia?a
o?aueiu (aeaoaeoa) ii eioi?iio iiaeii i?iaiice?iaaoue ?aaioiniiniaiinoue
aeaoaeae oceia eiiaaea?ia.
N iiceoeee iaoaieee ?ac?ooaiey eco/aia ianouay niiniaiinoue ieieioiaiie
iaeanoe naa?iuo niaaeeiaiee ec noaee 35, 09A2N, No. 3in e onoaiiaeaii,
/oi ieieiaeueiia nii?ioeaeaiea ?ac?ooaieth E1n (En) eiaao ciia
nieaaeaiey aaeaeo iaaaoeaiiai aeeyiey inoaoi/iuo iai?yaeaiee e
aeeoooceiiiuo i?ioeannia i?ienoiaeyueo a ?anieaaeaiiie aaiia a i?ioeanna
naa?ee.
Enneaaeiaaii oaeaea i?i/iinoue neeaaiiuo niaaeeiaiee a?ie?iaaiiuo
noaeeiaacaeueoeeiauo eiiiiceoiuo iaoa?eaeia. Aeaii ?yae ?aeiiaiaeaoeee
aeey eiaeaia?iie i?aeoeee a ieaia caiaiu iia?aoeee naa?eaaiey
neeaeaaieai aeey ecaioiaeaiey o?oa/aouo aeaoaeae iiaeaaniuo eiiaaea?ia.
Aiioaoe?y aiae?enueeith iiaith
The thesis presented for a Candidate’s of Scientices Degree in
engineering; speciality 01.02.04. - mechanics of deformable bodies. Ivan
Pulyuy Ternopil’ State Technical University, Ternopil, 1999.
In this paper the methods of evaluation of cracks' stableness of
construction materials which are used while production of most loaded
details of suspended push conveyers in order to improve its reliability.
Those methods are based on using of cylindrical and prismatic samples
with cracks in order to study resistance of materials in processes of
its static loading while bending.
I have got the experimental and theoretic dependencies which give me the
opportunity to forecast work capacity of responsible details and nodes
and taking into consideration influence of different technological
factors (modes of thermoprocessing, textures of materials, scale effects
and other). The carrying ability of welded joints and joints in the base
of reinforced glass- basaltic-plastic composite materials were studied
from the position of fracture mechanical materials. It was given the
recommendation for engineering practice and inceasing of reliability and
durability of suspension push conveyers.
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