.

Економіка аграрного виробництва столичного регіону України: Автореф. дис… канд. екон. наук / І.П. Бідзюра, Ін-т аграр. економіки УААН. — К., 1999. —

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?INOEOOO AA?A?II? AEIIII?EE

OE?A?INUeEI? AEAAeAI?? AA?A?IEO IAOE

OAeE 631.15:338(477.41)

A?AeCTH?A ?aai Iaaeiae/

AEIIII?EA AA?A?IIAI AE?IAIEOeOAA

NOIEE*IIAI ?AA?IIO OE?A?IE

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.07.02 – Aeiiii?ea

n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? AIE

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai

nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a -1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, caneoaeaiee ae?y/

iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie, aeaaeai?e
OAAI

NAAEOE Iao?i O?ioeiiae/,

aee?aeoi? ?inoeoooo aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee OAAI

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, caneoaeaiee
ae?y/

iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie

E?ENAEUeIEE Ieaenaiae? Aaneeueiae/,

?inoeooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI,
caa?aeoth/ee a?aeae?eii

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

??IAEIA Ieaenaiae? THoeiiae/,

?inoeooo naae?aieoeoaa, caa?aeoth/ee
a?aeae?eii aeiiii?ee,

noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa; Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao,

eaoaae?a aeiiii?ee AIE, i. Ee?a.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 15 /a?aiy 1999 ?. i 14 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae.26.350.01 a ?inoeooo? aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee OAAI ca aae?anith: 252127, i. Ee?a, aoe. Aa?i?a Iai?iie, 10, 3
iiaa?o, eiioa?aioe-cae.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiae/a iciaeiieoeny a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 14 o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
IAE?E I.E.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. No/aniee aoai o?ainoi?iaoe?? n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa Oe?a?ie a ?eieiao aeiiii?eo aiane?aeie e?eciai? neooaoe??,
yea ioiieea an? aaeoc? aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno,
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iiaeeaeaiiyi aeenia?eoaoo oe?i ia i?iieneiao ?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo i?iaeoeoe?th, iia??oaiiyi ieaoini?iiiaeiino?
ianaeaiiy, ui i?ecaaei aei cia/iiai niaaeo ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??, cieaeaiiy ??aiy aeooiaiai
niiaeeaaiiy i?iaeiaieue/eo oiaa??a. A aa?ii?iieneiaiio ae?iaieoeoa?
noa?e aieeao Ee?anueeiai noiee/iiai ?aa?iio iineeththoue e?eciaee
noai iane?aeee *i?iiaeeuenueei? eaoano?ioe. Iia??oo?oueny
iinoa/aiiy aeeoae?a i?noa Ee?aa – noieeoe? noaa?aiii? iacaeaaeii?
Oe?a?ie, iie?oe/iiai ? aaei?i?no?aoeaiiai oeaio?a aea?aeaae, aaaeeeaiai
aeooiaiiai, eoeueoo?iiai, ?noi?e/iiai ? iaoeiai-ina?oiueiai ina?aaeeo
e?a?ie, i?noey ?icoaooaaiiy aeeieiiaoe/ieo i?aaenoaaieoeoa ?iicaiieo
aea?aeaa oa i?aeia?iaeieo i?aai?caoe?e a Oe?a?i?.

Noai?ai? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? oiiae, ye? iiaeii? iaaeaoe
aeeiai?/iiai ?icaeoeo AIE, caaacia/eoe iane/aiiy noiee/iiai ?eieo
a?o/eciyieie i?iaeiaieue/eie oiaa?aie, ia aeinyaathoue iaoe.
Ae?iaie/i-aeiiii?/i? iieacieee cia/ii iia??oothoueny. Caaaeueiee ianya
aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa a Ee?anuee?e iaeano?
ciaioeany c 2854 iei. a?i. o 1990 ?. aei 1863,3 iei. a?i., aai ia 36,2%,
a 1998 ?. O aeaa ?aca nei?ioeany aeione i?iaeiaieue/eo oiaa??a
ia?a?iaieie i?aei?e?inoaaie. I?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe? cieceeanue ia 40%.
Ianyae eai?oaeueieo aeeaaeaiue ciaioeeenue iaeaea a 10 ?ac?a. Ciaioeany
aaniethoiee ? a?aeiiniee ??aaiue aeioiaeiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a. A 1998 ?. c 637 ainiiaea?noa 532, aai 84,8%, aoee
caeoeiaeie. O aaaeeiio o?iainiaiio noai? ia?aaoaathoue naeyinuee?
(oa?ia?nuee?) oa ?io? i?eaaoi? ainiiaea?noaa. Iia??oeeanue nioe?aeueia
?io?ano?oeoo?a ia nae?.

Canoinoaaiiy iiaeae?, ?eieo, a iniiao yei? aoei iieeaaeaii
e?aa?ae?caoe?th aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei, iaiaaeaiiy o/ano? aea?aeaae a
?aaoethaaii? i?aeaaeocaaeo ca’yce?a, nooo?aa nei?i/aiiy nioe?aeueieo
aa?aio?e, i?ecaaei aei ?yaeo na?eicieo i?i?aooie?a o cae?eniaii?
aa?a?ii? ?aoi?ie. Noi?ioaaeiny iaaeoi ni?iuaia ?icoi?iiy ?eieo ye
aeaiaioa?ii? naii?aaoethth/i? nenoaie, iniiaaii? aeeeth/ii ia a?eueiiio
eoi?ae?.-i?iaeaaeo. Iacaoeuai?noue ?eieo i?iaeiaieuenoaa coiiaeea
aeo?niaiiy a?o/eciyieo oiaa??a c aioo??oiueiai ?eieo. Iineeeeanue
?iii?oia aeniain?y ia i?iaeiaieue/? oiaa?e. sseui a 1990 ?. /anoea
?iii?oo a Ee?a? ia ia?aaeuoaaea 10%, a /anoea i?iaeiaieue/eo oiaa??a
aeaniiai ae?iaieoeoaa noaiiaeea 90%. oi a ]998 ?. /anoea ?iii?oo ii
i’yno ioeoe? aeinyaea 70%, i’ynieo eiina?aao – 39, iaea?iiieo ae?ia?a –
41, oaa?eiiiai ianea – 40%. O aeaa ?ace ciaioeeinue niiaeeaaiiy
ianaeaiiyi i’yna, ia 38% – iieieii?iaeoeo?a, a oaeiae oeoe?o,
eiiaeeoa?nueeeo ae?ia?a, iai/?a ? o?oeo?a.

?iii?oia ?ioa?aaioe?y iia’ycaia ia no?eueee ?c ciaioaiiyi ae?iaieoeoaa
a?o/eciyii? i?iaeoeoe??, ne?eueee c aeo?niaiiyi a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieea c
?eieo oeyoii eii’thieoo?ieo iaiaa??a, aeaii?iaiaeo oe?i oiui.

A oiiaao ?aoi?ioaaiiy i?aei?e?inoa ieoaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa caeeoa?oueny iaaeinoaoiuei aena?oeaiei ye
o a?o/eciyi?e, oae ? a .-a?oa?aei?e e?oa?aoo??,
Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/iei i?iaeaiai aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee i?enay/ai? i?aoe?
?yaeo a/aieo aeiiii?no?a-aa?a?iee?a – Naaeoea I.O., Aaeaeooeueeiai I.?.,
Eoe?iiaa 1.1., Iieuaiea I.I., Oie/aea I.I., E?eai?o/ea A.?.,
Ianaeue-Aanaeyea A.ss., E?enaeueiiai I.A., ??iaeiaa I.TH., Ianoaaa?a
A.E., Aiae??e/oea A.A, Iaeaia A.I., Aeai’yiaiea N.?., Aoaooeueeiai
I.A., TH?/eoeia A.A., Oaaei?iaa I.I., C?iia/oea A.A,, Aieea A.?.,
Ianetheiaa ?.I., Ooaeie?e E.I.. ?iiaiiai? E.A. oa ?ioeo. I?ioa ieoaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa 1996-1998 ??.,
iniaeeai aeine?aeaeaiiy oaeoi??a, ye? ni?e/eieee iaae?iiy
?acoeueoaoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa a oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei, aea/ai? ua
ia aeinoaoiuei. Iniaeeaiai cia/aiiy iaaoaathoue i?iaeaie iie?ioaiiy
i?iaeiaieue/iai caaacia/aiiy i?noa Ee?aa. Oea e coiiaeei aea?? oaie
aeena?oaoe??, ?? aeooaeuei?noue.

Noai aea/aiiy i?iaeaie. A e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?aeao iiiyooy aeiiii?ee
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?ie ia? iaaia
iioe?aiiy. I?ioa a ioae?eaoe?yo a yeino? ?aa?iio ia?aaaaeaa
i?e?iaeii-ee?iaoe/iee i?aeo?ae. Ca ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy a?aeeny,
iai?eeeaae, ?aeiie Cao?aeiiai aai No?aeiiai Iie?nny, I?aaeaiiiai aai
I?ai?/iiai Noaio, Ea?iaonueeee ?aa?ii. Ie?ai? aniaeoe aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee
Ee?anueei? iaeano? ciaeoee a?aeia?aaeaiiy a ?yae? eaiaeeaeaonueeeo ?
aeieoi?nueeeo aeena?oaoe?e, iiiia?ao?yo, eieaao oiui. I?ioa a ia??iae
ia?ao?aeii? aeiiii?ee aeieeea iaiao?aei?noue o eiiieaeniiio
aeine?aeaeaii? aeiiii?ee aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, o ia?aaeyae?
aaaaoueio eiai i?aai?caoe?eieo ? aeiiii?/ieo iniia, ye?, aei ?a/?,
aeyaeeeny neaai iia’ycaieie c aeiiii?eith i. Ee?aa, eiai ?eieaie,
oi?aiaaeueiith ia?aaeath oa eiai iio?aaaie. Ooai?eany aeeaieee ?ic?ea a
aeiiii?/ieo ca’yceao. A?ae oeueiai ao?a/a? aa?a?iee naeoi?, aiaeii/an ?
i?noi, ai a eiai iaaeao cina?aaeaeai? iniiai? iiooaeiino? oa?/iai?
i?iieneiaino?, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny ia 20-30%. Oea a naith /a?ao
a?aeaeeiny ia caeiyoino? eeyi oa caaacia/aii? ?o i?iaeiaieuenoaii.
Ie?ai? aeine?aeieee cina?aaeaeoaaee oaaao ia ioe?ioe? no/aniiai noaio
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa aac aeinoaoiueiai iaa?oiooaaiiy oeyo?a
iiaeieaiiy e?eciaeo yaeu, iniaeeai a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio,
caaacia/aiiy ocaiaeaeaiino? a eiie?aoieo ae?yo noa’?eo?a ?eieo.

Oey ianoaaeia coiiaeea iaiao?aei?noue o aeine?aeaeaii? iinoaaeaieo
ieoaiue ?ic?iaoe? iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei ?o ?ica’ycaiiy.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaia
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith i?aei?ia?aie
“Iaoeiai-iaoiaeieia?/i? canaaee aa?a?ii? iie?oeee aea?aeaae oa iaoai?cie
?? ?aae?caoe??” iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai??
aa?a?ieo iaoe ia 1996-2000 ?iee “Iaoeia? iniiae aa?a?ii? iie?oeee,
o?ainoi?iaoe?y aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a
?eieiaeo oiiaao”. ?a?no?aoe?eiee iiia? N 07.07-IA/06-96. Aeaoa
?a?no?aoe?? 16.02.98.

Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aieiaiith iaoith aeena?oaoe?eiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ?ic?iaea iaoai?ci?a oi?ioaaiiy aoaeoeaii? aeiiii?ee
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio a oiiaao ia?ao?aeiiai
ia??iaeo aei ?eieo. A?aeiia?aeii aei aecia/aii? iaoe ae??ooaaeenue oae?
caaaeaiiy:

• ?ic?iaeoe eiioeaiooaeuei? iniiae oaeineiiaeaiiy oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe?? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai
?aa?iio, caaaeueiiai iai?yio ?aoi?ioaaiiy oa iaoai?cio ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
i?aei?e?inoa aa?a?iiai naeoi?a aeiiii?ee noiee/iiai ?aa?iio c
o?aooaaiiyi eiai iiieoo;

• aecia/eoe oaeoi?e i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa ? ia
oe?e iniia? – aa??aioe eiai ?icaeoeo a noa?? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio
ia ia?niaeoeao ca noaiith eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oa?aeoa?o
?ici?uaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa;

• ?ic?iaeoe i?eioeeie ii?aeiaiiy iniiaieo aaeocae aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a oiiaao iineeaiiy eiai niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa iiae?eo i?aoe? c
o?aooaaiiyi iio?aa noieeoe? Oe?a?ie – i. Ee?aa.

I?aaeiao ? ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy a ieoaiiy
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao
noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, aaeineiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei a eiai
ciiaeueieo naeoi?ao oa a ii?aeiaii? c ia?a?iaieie ? oa?/iaeie
i?aei?e?inoaaie, i?nueeith ia?aaeath oi?a?ae? ? ?eieaie.

Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee?
i?aei?e?inoaa, ?icoaoiaai? a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio,
i?aei?e?inoaa oa?/iaeo aaeocae oa oi?a?ae?.

Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiue. Iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith
i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? iieiaeaiiy iaoa??ae?noe/iiai ?icoi?iiy
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? cia/ouino? o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? i?aoe?aiee?a
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ii noai?aiith ieie niiaeea/eo aa?oinoae,
cania?a aei aeeooy. Iaoiaeeea aeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aaco?oueny ia
?ic?iaeao iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo onoaiia, ye? caeiathoueny ieoaiiyie
ia?niaeoea ?icaeoeo oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii?. A i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiue
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iee, ii??aiyiiy oa ni?anoaaeaiiy,
?ic?aooieiai-eiino?oeoeaiee, aenia?eiaioaeueiee, iiiia?ao?/iee,
aenia?oieo ioe?iie oa ?io? iaoiaee.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Ia i?eeeaae? aa?a?iiai naeoi?a
noiee/iiai ?aa?iio aia?oa c iiceoe?e nenoaiiiai aiae?co:

• cae?eniaia ?ic?iaea eiiieaenii? i?ia?aie oaeineiiaeaiiy
oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa ia
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiio oa?aeoa?? ?ici?uaiiy, iiaeeaeaiiai
?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ia canaaeao
nioe?aeueia i???ioiaaieo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei;

• iaa?oioiaaii oai?aoe/i? iniiae eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy
oa ?icaeoeo aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio;

• ?ic?iaeai? eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee aei eiiieaenii? nenoaie
?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio;

• iaa?oioiaai? iai?yie ?icaeoeo aeiiii?/iiai iioaioe?aeo aa?a?iiai
naeoi?a noiee/iiai ?aa?iio oa aecia/ai? oeyoe noaa?e?caoe?? aeiiii?ee;

• ?ic?iaeaii i?iaiici? iieacieee ?icaeoeo ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? ia ia??iae aei 2010 ?ieo ye
aeiiii?/ii? aace aeoiaeo c e?ece:

• cai?iiiiiaai? i?iiiceoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy ae?iaie/eo oa
aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei i?ae ?ioaa?aoe?eieie eaieaie i?aei?e?inoa AIE ?
i?nueeith ia?a?iaiith oa oi?aiaaeueiith ?io?ano?oeoo?ith.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui
?aae?caoe?y iniiaieo iieiaeaiue aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe caaacia/eoue
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aa?a?iiai a?-?iaieoeoaa ? aeiiii?ee aa?a?iiai
naeoi?a a oe?eiio. ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue aeena?oaioa ai?iaaaeaeai?
o aeanyoe ainiiaea?noaao ?aaie?anueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano? ?c
caaaeueiei aeiiii?/iei aoaeoii 1421.390 a?i. (aeo ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a?ae 8
aa?aniy 1998 ?.). Eiioeaioe?y ?aoi?ioaaiiy ainiiaea?noa
ai?iaaaeaeo?oueny a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? iaeano? (aeia?aeea Ee?anueei?
iaeaea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?? a?ae 20 na?iiy 1998 ?.).

, Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaaia. ?aea? ? ?ic?iaee, aeeeaaeai? a
aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio?, iiai?noth iaeaaeaoue aaoi?o. Iaa?oioiaai?
iniaeeaino? oa aecia/ai? iniiai? aeaiaioe ?icaoaeiae aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio ca i?eioeeiaie eiioeaio?e/ii-iiyniai? ?
?aae?aeueii? noaie niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa iiae?eo i?aoe?, eiai i?enoinoaaiiy
aei i?iaeiaieue/iai ?eieo noieeoe? Oe?a?ie i. Ee?aa. ?ic?iaeai?
i?iaiici? iieacieee aaeoc? ia ia?niaeoeao, oeyoe noaa?e?caoe??
aeiiii?ee.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoeia? ?ic?iaee, ui
noinothoueny ?icaeoeo aa?a?iiai naeoi?a aeiiii?ee ?aa?iio, aeei?enoai?
i?e i?aeaioiaoe? I?ia?aie iiaeieaiiy e?eciaeo yaeu a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii?
? aiie noaaeai? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iith ?aaeith Ee?anueeiai
iaen?eueainii?iaeo (1998 ?.). Aeaye? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe??
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo ia?aaeao a i?noao Ee?a?, Iaean?,
Aei?i?iiao?ianueeo.

Ioae?eaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie aeena?oaioii iioae?eiaai? a 6
?iaioao caaaeueiei ianyaii 1,8 ae?. a?., a oiio /ene? 4 ioae?eaoe?? o
niaoe?ae?ciaaieo oaoiaeo aeo?iaeao.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 167
noi??ieao ae?oeiaaiiai oaenoo, ?ethno?iaaia 42 oaaeeoeyie, 5 ?enoieaie.
Neeaaea?oueny c anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo
aeaea?ae (249 iaeiaioaaiue) ? 4 aeiaeaoe?a.

No?oeoo?a ?iaioe.

Anooi. ?icae?e 1. “I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iniaeeaino? oi?ioaaiiy ?
?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio”.

1.1. Oai?aoe/iiiaoiaeieia?/i? iniaeeaino? oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio. 1.2.
Oa?aeoa?enoeea noiee/iiai ?aa?iio oa i?e?iaeii-aeiiii?/ieo oiia
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa. 1.3. Eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee oi?ioaaiiy
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio. 1.4.
Iaoiaeieia?y ? iaoiaeeea iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue.

?icae?e 2. “?ano?niee iioaioe?ae ae?iaieoeoaa ?aa?iio oa eiai
aeei?enoaiiy”. 2.1. Ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aaeocae n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
oa ?o noai a ia?ao?aeiee ia??iae aei ?eieo. 2.2. Ci?ia aeiiii?/ii?
neooaoe?? a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? noiee/iiai ?aa?iio. 2.3. Niaoeeo?ea
?icaeoeo aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa a *i?iiaeeuenuee?e cii? Oe?a?ie. 2.4.
Noaiiaeaiiy ? ?ieue ??cieo oei?a aa?a?ieo i?aei?e?inoa a nenoai? AIE.

?icae?e 3. “Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii?”. 3.1. Caaaeuei?
i?eioeeie ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia nae?. 3.2. Iniiai? iai?yie ?
i?eioeeie aaeineiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei a aa?a?iiio a?cian?. 3.3.
Aecia/aeuei? oaeoi?e ?inoo aoaeoeaiino? aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

Aeniiaee. Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae. Aeiaeaoee,

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iniaeeaino?
oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio”
aeine?aeaeo?oueny c oai?aoe/ii-iaoiaeieia?/ieo iiceoe?e ?aa?iiaeueia
nooi?noue aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao ae?yeueiino?
noieeoe? Oe?a?ie — I.Ee?aa, iaaiaeeoueny nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia
oeoia/aiiy iiiyooy “aa?a?ii-i?iieneiaa ae?iaieoeoai noiee/iiai ?aa?iio”,
ia??oioiao?oueny oa?aeoa? eiai oa?eoi??aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy oa ?icaeoeo.

A iniia? oa?eoi??aeueiiai ?ici?uaiiy oa niaoe?ae?caoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ?ioeo aaeocae aa?ii?iieneiaiai
eiiieaeno ia’?eoeaii eaaeeoue noni?eueiee iiae?e i?aoe?, yeee ii?iaeaeo?
iainiaeaiiy ? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th aaeocae, aaaea aei iineeaiiy
aioo??aaeocaaiai ? i?aeaaeocaaiai oiaa?iiai?io, noai?th? oiiae,
ni?eyoeea? aeey i?enei?aiiy iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano, caaacia/o?
c?inoaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?,

?icaeoie noni?eueiiai iiae?eo i?aoe? ? ia’?eoeaiei caeiiii??iei
i?ioeanii cae?eniaiiy ia iae?i-, iaci- ? i?e?i??aiyo oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe?? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, yeee ciaoiaeeoue
nai? a?aeia?aaeaiiy o ianooaaieo i?e?iaeii-aeiiii?/ieo ciiao,
o aocueeiniaoe?ae?ciaaieo i?aeciiao ? i?e?iciiao, a aaei?i?no?aoeaieo
?aeiiao, a oaeiae aaciina?aaeiuei .a i?aei?e?inoaao oa ?o ae?iaie/eo
i?ae?icae?eao. Oea nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia yaeua i?aeii?yaeeiao?oueny
ae?? caaaeueieo aeiiii?/ieo caeii?a, ye? i?iyaeythoueny o aeaeyae?
iaioth/eo oaiaeaioe?e, oa?aeoa?ieo i?e cae?eniaii? oaeeo noni?eueieo
i?ioean?a.

Ia iniia? ocaaaeueiaiiy oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue a aeena?oaoe?? aia?oa
iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iniaeeaino?
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy oa ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii?. Iiiyooy “aa?ii?iieneiaa ae?iaieoeoai
noiee/iiai ?aa?iio” ?icaeyaea?oueny ye nenoaia oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? oa
i?iaeoeoe?? ?? i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee, ui cae?enith?oueny i?ae
aaciina?aaei?i aieeaii ?icaeoeo /?oei ni?yiiaaieo aeiiii?/ieo ?ioa?an?a
nioe?aeueii-ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino? i?noa Ee?aa – noieeoe? iacaeaaeii?
aea?aeaae Oe?a?ie. Iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, ye
caaaeueii? oa?eoi??? ?icoaooaaiiy i?noa, coiiaeththoueny iaiao?aei?noth
caaeiaieaiiy eiiieaeno ??ciioa?aeoa?ieo nioe?aeueieo, aeiiii?/ieo,
aeooiaieo, eoeueoo?ieo, aoi?/ieo oa ?ioeo iio?aa eiai ni?eueiioe. A
Ee?a? -aaei?i?no?aoeaiiio ? iie?oe/iiio oeaio?? e?a?ie – cina?aaeaeai?
i?aaie aea?aeaaii? aeaaee, eoeueoo?i?, ina?oi?, iaoeia? ? iaa/aeuei?
caeeaaee, i?aai?caoe?? nioe?aeueii? noa?e, aeeieiiaoe/i?
i?aaenoaaieoeoaa ?iicaiieo aea?aeaa oa i?aeia?iaeieo i?aai?caoe?e,
aoae?aaeuei?, o?ainii?oi? oa ?io? i?aei?e?inoaa e i?aai?caoe??,
oi?aiaaeueia ia?aaea, a oaeiae i?iieneia? ia’?eoe ??cieo aaeocae, a oiio
/ene? oa?/iai? oa ia?a?iaii? i?iieneiaino?. ?acii c oei i?noi Ee?a ?
iaeaniei oeaio?ii Ee?anueei? iaeano?,

Nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? iniaeeaino? ?icaeoeo noiee/iiai ?aa?iio i?e
aoiaeaeaii? eiai a ?eieiaa na?aaeiaeua ? aecia/aeueieie uiaei iai?yi?a,
ci?noo oa no?oeoo?e eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ?icoaoiaaiiai a iaaeao a?ae/ooiiai aieeao
ia iueiai aeiia i?noa Ee?aa uiaei caaeiaieaiiy c?inoath/eo iio?aa eiai
aeeoae?a a ie?aieo aeaeao i?iaeoeoe?? niiaeeaaiiy. Aaeeea iino?eia
iio?aaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?ie o na?ae?e ??ciiiai?oi?e,
caeaa?eueoiai iaeio?ainii?oaaaeuei?e, ?ineeiieoeuee?e ? oaa?eiieoeuee?e
i?iaeoeoe?? i?e oiia? i?aaiaiiy niiaeeaa/?a aei iinoa/aiiy ?? ia i?ioyc?
anueiai ?ieo c o?aooaaiiyi eii’thieoo?e ?eieo aeiaaa? aaeineiiaeaiiy
oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa,
oi?ioaaiiy a?aeiia?aeieo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ae?iaie/eo cii,
i?aecii ? i?e?icii caeaaeii a?ae iio?aa i?noa. Ia oe?e iniia? ?ic?iaeaia
iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaia noaia eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai ?ici?uaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa iaaeiei noiee/iiai ?aa?iio,
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia nooi?noue yei? iieyaa? o iinooiia?e ci?i? ii i???
a?aeaeaeaiiy a?ae iaae i?noa ianya?a oa no?oeoo?e ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? oiaa?ii? i?iaeoeoe?? c o?aooaaiiyi
a?oioiai-ee?iaoe/ieo oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oaeoi??a.

Noiee/iee ?aa?ii ?icoaoiaaiee a iaaeao aeaio iniiaieo
i?e?iaeii-aeiiii?/ieo cii Oe?a?ie. I?ai?/ii-cao?aeia eiai /anoeia
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oiiaaie Iie?nny, a i?aaeaiii-no?aeia ? oeiiaith aeey
ciie E?ninoaio.

Aei i?ai?/ii-cao?aeieo iaae Ee?aa i?eeyaa? oa?eoi??y iie?nueei? ciie,
a?oioiai-ee?iaoe/i? oiiae yei? ni?eyoeea? aeey ae?iuoaaiiy ianaiia?aae
ea?oiie? oa oieiaeino?eeeo iai/aaeo eoeueoo? – eaionoe, ii?eae, noieiaeo
ao?ye?a, oeeaoe?, /anieeo, ia??e?a, caeaieo iai/aaeo eoeueoo?, a oaeiae
ei?iiaeo eoeueoo?: aaaaoi??/ieo aiaiaeo ? ceaeiaeo o?aa ia n?ii, caeaiee
ei?i oa ian?iiy, ei?iiaeo ao?ye?a, ethieio, ?ioeo eoeueoo?, ui ni?ey?
?icaeoeo iiei/ii-i’yniiai neioa?noaa.

N?euenueea ainiiaea?noai e?ninoaiiai? ciie, /anoeia yei? ciaoiaeeoueny
i?ae aieeaii ?icaeoeo noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, ae?iaey?, caeaaeii a?ae
a?aeaeaeaiiy a?ae i?noa, cia/iee ianya iai/?a ye oieiaeino?eeeo, oae ?
oe?iei?iciianthaeaeaieo oaieiethaeaeo iai/aaeo eoeueoo? aeey niiaeeaaiiy
?o i?iaeoeoe?? o na?aeiio aeaeyae? oa aeey i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee. Ooo
o?aaeeoe?eii cina?aaeaeo?oueny ae?iaieoeoai iieiea ? i’yna aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae, naeiae, i?iaeoeoe?? ioao?aieoeoaa aeey iinoa/aiiy i?noo
Ee?ao.

Ia ??aaiue caaacia/aiiy iio?aa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio i?iaeiaieue/eie
?ano?naie aieeaa? iayai?noue aeecueei ?icoaoiaaieo aei noieeoe? i?no
iaeaniiai i?aeii?yaeeoaaiiy – A?ea Oea?eaa, A?iaa?e, Ai?eni?eue,
Aaneeuee?a, Aeoai?iae, Iaoo?a, Oano?a oa ?yae ?ioeo.

O i?ioean? i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai?
eiioeaiooaeuei? iieiaeaiiy oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo o?ueio iine?aeiaii
a?aeaeaeaieo a?ae iaae noiee/iiai ?aa?iio ? eiioeaio?e/ia ?ici?uaieo aei
eiai iaae i?aai?caoe?eii-ae?iaie/eo i?aecii aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa c oa?aeoa?iith aeey eiaeii? c ieo no?oeoo?ith oiaa?ii?
i?iaeoeoe??. Ia?oa c i?aecii oi?io?oueny ia a?aenoai? aei 30-40 ei
ciai?oi?o ?? iaae a?ae iaae oa?eoi??? noiee/iiai i?noa. Ooo
i?iaeoo?oueny iine?aeiaia i?aeaeuaiiy eiioeaio?aoe?? ae?iuoaaiiy ?c
canoinoaaiiyi no/anieo iaoeiieo oaoiieia?e ae?iaieoeoaa iai/?a
a?aee?eoiai a?oioo oa ya?aeieo eoeueoo? c o?aooaaiiyi iiaeeeaiai
?icaeoeo ?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue. A no?oeoo?? oiaa?ii? i?iaeoeoe?? na?ae? c i?iaeiaaeaiei
naciiii ?aae?caoe?? iai/? caeiaoeiooue 20-25 % ? a?eueoa, a ya?aeia
i?iaeoeoe?y – aei 5-7 %. Ia??oioiao?oueny aeiiii?/ia aeioe?euei?noue
?icaeoeo iai/?aieoeoaa cae?eoiai a?oioo, iiaoaeiae o ni?eyoeeaeo
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo oiiaao iiaeo oaiee/ieo eiia?iao?a. Ne?ae
caoaaaeeoe, ui a naaiaio? iie?nueei? i?e?iciie aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa aoaea cina?aaeaeoaaoenue ae?iaieoeoai iai/?a oieiaeino?eeeo
eoeueoo? oa caeaii? i?iaeoeoe??, a a naaiaio? e?ninoaiiai? i?e?iciie – ?
oaieiethaeaeo eoeueoo?. ?yae aenieioiaa?ieo i?aei?e?inoa
noai?thaaoeiooue iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/io aaco aeey i?aai?caoe??
aeiaaio?eaaeiai caa??aaiiy iai/?a oa ?o i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee ia
i?noeyo, ui caaacia/eoue i?aeaeuaiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? aaeoc? ca ?aooiie
ci?i oe?i ia i?iaeoeoe?th a ceiiai-aaniyiee ia??iae ?? ?aae?caoe??.

A ?ic?iaeaiiio i?iaeo? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa o ia?o?e
i?aecii? ia??oioiao?oueny aeioe?euei?noue cia/iiai i?aeaeuaiiy
u?eueiino? iiaie?a’y iiei/iiai noaaea, ni?yiiaaiiai ia ?noioia
ca?eueoaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa iieiea aeey iaeneiaeueiiai caaeiaieaiiy
ianaeaiiy noiee/iiai i?noa, ianaiia?aae na?aeei iieieii. Ca ?aooiie
ci?oeiaiiy ei?iiai? aace, iie?ioaiiy ieai?iii? ?iaioe a oaa?eiieoeoa? oa
canoinoaaiiy iia?oi?o oaoiieia?e oae?e iieiea c?inoa o aeeae/? 4-5 ?ie?a
o 2-2,5 ?aca. Cia/ia ?ieue o ae??oaii? i?iaeaie iieieicaaacia/aiiy
noiee/ieo aeeoae?a a?aeaiaeeoueny iniaenoei ainiiaea?noaai a?iiaaeyi, o
aeaniino? yeeo aaea ciaoiaeeoueny aeecueei iieiaeie i?iaeoeoeaiiai
noaaea. Ooo noai?thaaoeiooueny iaiao?aei? oiiae aeey i?aai?caoe??
caaio?ae?, ioieiaeaeaiiy ? o?ainii?ooaaiiy iieiea.

Ae?oaa i?aeciia aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa ?icoaoiao?oueny
eiioeaio?e/iei iiynii ca ia?oith i?aeciiith ia a?aenoai? 80-85 ei a?ae
iaae noiee/iiai ?aa?iio. Aieiaiei iai?yiii ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino?
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ye e?ninoaiiai?, oae ? iie?nueei? /anoeie
oe??? i?aeciie a ae?iaieoeoai oe?eueiiiiei/ii? i?iaeoeoe?? oa
i?iaeoeoe?? i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee iieiea, iai/?a, ianaiia?aae aeey
niiaeeaaiiy o na?aeiio aeaeyae?, ea?oiie?, o oiio /ene? ?aiiuei?,
ieiae?a oa ya?ae. Ooo ia iniia? ?ioaineo?eaoe?? ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa
cina?aaeaeoaaoeiaoueny e?oiiioaoiieia?/ia ae?iaieoeoai i?iaeoeoe??
ioaoe?aieoeoaa, cie?aia y?oeue oa i’yna a?ieea??a, iaaoaea ?icaeoeo
i’ynia naeia?noai.

A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? i?eae?ey?oueny cia/ia oaaaa i?iaeai?
?ioaa?aoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? oa ??
i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee, ui ia? aeooaeueia cia/aiiy aeey oiia ae?oai?
i?aeciie aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno noa?e noiee/iiai ?aa?iio. Eaeaoueny
ianaiia?aae i?i ?icaeoie ?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a o’iiei/iii?iaeoeoiaiio
i?aeeiiieaen? oa o iai/aai-ieiaeiaiio ae?iaieoeoa?.

O o?ao?e i?aecii?, ciai?oi? iaae? yei? ciaoiaeyoueny ia a?aenoai? aei
135-140 ei a?ae noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, cae?enithaaoeiaoueny ae?iaieoeoai
iieiea, cia/ia /anoeia yeiai aoaea ia?a?iaeyoeny ia iiei/iieeneo
i?iaeoeoe?th, a oaeiae i’yna aeey iinoaaee aeeai? ooaeiae ia?a?iaiei
i?aei?e?inoaai Ee?aa, ea?oiie?, iai/?a aeey caeeaaeaiiy ia
ceiiai-aaniyia caa??aaiiy oa i?iieneiao ia?a?iaeo a ia??iae cae?aiiy
a?iaeath.

I?iaeoo?oueny ?icoe?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa ieiae?a aeey iie?ioaiiy ia i?ioyc?
anueiai ?ieo iinoa/aiiy oe??? i?iaeoeoe?? ianaeaiith noieeoe? Oe?a?ie.

O oi?ioaaii? ? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa aeey caaeiaieaiiy
iio?aa i?noa Ee?aa a?aeiia?aeiith ye?niith i?iaeoeoe??th aaaeeeaiai
cia/aiiy iaaoaa? ?aae?aeueiee oa?aeoa? cina?aaeaeaiiy ae?iaieoeoaa
ie?aieo aeae?a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??, iia’ycaiee c
iayai?noth oa ?icaeoeii nenoaie o?ainii?oiiai niieo/aiiy, cie?aia
?icaaeoaeaiiy cae?cie/ieo iaa?no?aeae oa oinaeieo o?an ii oa?eoi???
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ia yea a?ae/ooii aieeaa? noiee/iee
?aa?ii.

A iaaeao ae?? ia?aae? o?anii?oieo oeyo?a, ye? i?iiaiaai-?aae?aeueiei
/eiii a?aeoiaeyoue a?ae iaae noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, oi?iothoueny naaiaioe
aai i?e?iciie ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? aeey
iinoa/aiiy ?? a na?aeiio aeaeyae? ianaeaiith noiee/iiai i?noa. Oae?
o?ainii?oi? iaa?no?ae? ia?aoeiathoue an? i?aeciie aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, i?eeaaeiai aei noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, a iai?yi? A?ei?
Oea?eae, Ai?eniiey, A?iaa??a, Iaooiaa, Oanoiaa, Iaea?iaa, Eicaeueoey,
?aaieiaa, *i?iiaeey oa ?ioeo.

Oaeei /eiii, oaeineiiaeaiiy ?ici?uaiiy aaeocae aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, yea oi?io?oueny i?ae aieeaii eii’thieoo?e ?eieo noiee/iiai
?aa?iio, ? aaaeeeaith i?iaeaiith noaiiaeaiiy oa ?icaeoeo aeaiie?aoe/ii?
aea?aeaaiino? Oe?a?ie.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “?ano?niee iioaioe?ae ae?iaieoeoaa ?aa?iio oa

eiai aeei?enoaiiy” i?iaiae?ciaaii noai aeei?enoaiiy aeiiii?/iiai oa
?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo aa?a?iiai naeoi?a, aeaia ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa ie?aieo aeae?a i?iaeoeoe?? c oa?aeoa?enoeeith oaeoi??a
aieeao ia ?acoeueoaoe. ?acii c oei aecia/a?oueny, ui ca ?ici??ii
oa?eoi??? Ee?anueea iaeanoue iaeaea ia 17% ia?aaaaea? na?aaei?e iieaciee
ii Oe?a?i?, caeiath/e na?aae iaeanoae oa Aaoiiiiii? ?anioae?ee E?ei 7
i?noea. Ca 1991-1998 ??. ieiua n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa?aeue
ciaioeeany ia 3,5%. ?o ?ici?ai?noue iaeia c iaeaeueo a e?a?i? – 84%. ?c
caaaeueii? /enaeueiino? ianaeaiiy (aac i. Ee?aa) -1880 oen. /ie. ia
n?euenueea i?eiaaea? 802 oen. /ie., aai 42,7%. Ca aeacaiee ia??iae
/enaeuei?noue i?nueeeo aeeoae?a ca?eueoeeanue ia 1,8%, a n?euenueeeo –
ia 9,7%. Iayai?noue caie? a ?ic?aooieo ia iaeiiai aeeoaey iaeano?
noaiiaeoue 0,88 aa, a n?euenueeiai – 2,05 aa. Oaiaeaioe?? a ?icaeoeo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa a?aeia?aaeai? a oaaeeoe? 1.

1. Ianya ae?iaieoeoa’a iniiaieo aeae?a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe?? a on?o eaoaai??yo ainiiaea?noa ciie aieeao noiee/iiai
?aa?iio, oen.o

Aeae i?iaeoeoe??1990 1996 1998 1998 o % aei
1990Ca?ii21201343,71483,570,0Oeoe?ia?
ao?yee32782128172352,6Niiyoiee5,212,29,9190,4Ea?oiiey
1055,71472,21285,0121,7Iai/?351,3328,3381,5108,6Iieiei1296709,1702,154,2
I”yni286162,4140,149,0sseoey, iei.oo.1123176,2174,115,5Aiaia,
o21628,027,212,6

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0000000040000002701ffff03000000000000000000

Iniiaiith neeaaeiaith /anoeiith ?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo ? o?oaeia? ?
caiaeuei? ?ano?ne. I?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy caiaeueiiai
oiiaeo iiaea aooe aeinyaiooi ia iniia? aeiiii?/iiai ?aeiioaaiiy
oa?eoi??e, aeae?eaiiy a ?? neeaaeia? caiia?aeieo
na?aaeiaeuii-oi?ioth/eo i?e?iaeiioi?iiieo ? ?aaa?e?oaoe?eieo caiaeue oa
cae?eniaiiy caoiae?a aeey caaoaeiae ?ioaineaiiai
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa. Caaaeuei? aeai? i?i
n?euenueea ainiiaea?noai noiee/iiai ?aa?iio iiaeai? ia ?en. 1.

*anoea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa o aaeia?e aeiaeai?e aa?oino? aaeocae
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie (a iniiaieo oe?iao) ?c ?ieo a ??e nei?i/o?oueny; o 1998
?. aiia noaiiaeea eeoa 15,3% i?ioe 27,4 AAeA – o ? 990 ?.

Ca inoaii? a?n?i ?ie?a niinoa??aaeeny ??ciiiai?aaeai? oaiaeaioe?? o
ae?iaieoeoa? i?iaeoeoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeie
i?aei?e?inoaaie oa ?iaeea?aeoaeueieie ainiiaea?noaaie. Oaiaeaioe?th
inoaii?o ?ie?a aei c?inoaiiy ieoiii? aaae i?eaaoiiai naeoi?a o
ae?iaieoeoa? i?iaeoeoe?? a cia/i?e i??? ni?e/eieei nei?i/aiiy ianya?a
ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe?? a a?iiaaenueeeo naeoi?ao. I?e caaaeueiiio
nei?i/aii? ianyao i?iaeoeoe?? n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa o 1998 ?.
ii??aiyii c 1990 ?. ia 36,2% a i?aei?e?inoaao noni?eueiiai naeoi?a a?i
cieceany a 3,6 ?aca, a a i?eaaoiiio naeoi?? c??n iaeaea a 1,5 ?aca.

A i?ioean? aa?a?ii? ?aoi?ie aaea noai?ai? iniiae aeey ?icaeoeo iiaeo
i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo no?oeoo? ? oi?i i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa. I?ae
aieeaii noni?eueieo ? ?iaeea?aeoaeueieo ?ioa?an?a a iaeano? ii/aany
i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy ye?nii a?aei?iieo a?ae iiia?aaei?o i?aai?caoe?eieo
oi?i ae?iaie/eo no?oeoo?.

Ca ?aooiie ?icoe?aiiy i?enaaeeaieo ae?eyiie naeyi oa iaea?aeaiiy ieie o
i?eaaoio aeani?noue caiaeueieo /anoie ia Ee?auei? noi?ioaaany i?eaaoiee
naeoi? aeiiii?ee, a yeiio ae?iaey?oueny iaeaea 56,7% aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe??
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa.

Aiae?c ? ioe?iea oiiaeicaaacia/aiino? ainiiaea?noa iieaco?, ui aiia c
eiaeiei ?ieii cieaeo?oueny. Iaaeinoaoi?e ?icaeoie a?o/eciyii?
i?iieneiaino? c?iaea iaaeinooiieie caniae ae?iaieoeoaa aeey
a?eueoino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a. I?ioa
ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio ciaoiaeyoueny a e?aueo oiiaao ii??aiyii c ?ioeie
iaeanoyie. Aiie iathoue aeinoaoiuei iniiaieo cania?a ae?iaie/iai
i?ecia/aiiy, a na?aaeiueiio 12,2 iei.a?i. ia iaeia ainiiaea?noai. Naia
/a?ac oea iaae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaa a Ee?anuee?e iaeano? aeaui iaioa, i?ae a
?ioeo ?aa?iiao. I?ioa aeenia?eoao oe?i ia i?iieneia? caniae ae?iaieoeoaa
? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo i?iaeoeoe?th oneeaaeith? iiiiaeaiiy ia?eo
iaoei, oiio ?o e?euee?noue iinooiiai ciaioo?oueny, ui e ni?e/eiy? niaae
ae?iaieoeoaa (oaae.2).

2. Ieoiia aaaa aaeocae a aeiiii?oe? aa?a?iiai naeoi?a

Ee?anueei? iaeano?, 1998 ?.

Aaeocue ae?iaieoeoaaIiaia nia?aa?o?noue, iei. a?iAe?o/ea a?ae
?aae?caoe??, iei. a?i.I?eaooie (caeoie), iei.a?i??aaiue ?aioaa.,
%Ai?a?iee naeoi?, anueiai885726-159-18,0A oiio
/ene?:?ineeiieoeoai2603044416,9 O
%29,441,9–Oaa?eiieoeoai381214-167-43,8 O %43,129,5–I?iieneiaa
i?iaeoeoe?y120102-18-15,0 O %13,614,0–?ioa i?iaeoeoe?y12410618-14,5
O %14,014,6–

No?oeoo?ii aeeiai?/iee aiae?c n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa
iieaco?, ui i?ioyaii inoaiiueiai /ano iiaeeaeeeny aeeni?iii?oe?? i?ae
aaeocyie, iia??oeeeny aeiiii?/i?, oaoiieia?/i? oa
i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nuee? ca’ycee i?ae ieie. A?aeaoaathoueny
i?ioeane aeac?ioaa?aoe?? ? ia?aniaoe?ae?caoe?? ainiiaea?noa,
caa?aaeaiiy aenoaineaieo iaoiae?a aaaeaiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa. Iniaeeao o?eaiao aeeeeea? caiaaeaaiee noai oaa?eiieoeoaa.
sseui o ?ineeiieoeoa? caaaeuei? ianyae oa aeo?ae i?iaeoeoe?? c aaeoa?a
iin?a?a ciaioeeeny ia 40%, oi o oaa?eiieoeoa? aaeia? iieacieee
nei?ioeeenue a 1,5-1,7 ?aca. Oea ni?e/eiaii ye ??ceei ciaioaiiyi
/enaeueiino? oaa?ei, oae ? ae?ae iecueeith ?o i?iaeoeoeai?noth. sseui a
1990 ?. a iaeano? iaae?e iieiea ia ei?iao noaiiaea 3300 ea, a na?aaeiy
aeeaa aaaa aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae i?e ?aae?caoe?? aei??aithaaea 415 ea,
naeiae – 123 ea, oi a 1998 ?, iieacieee cieceeenue a?aeiia?aeii aei
2046, 303 oa 102 ea.

Nei?i/aiiy ??aiy ae?iaieoeoaa oa i?iaeaaeo an?o aeae?a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? iaaaoeaii aieeioei ia
aeiiii?eo ainiiaea?noa (oaae. 3).

3. Ni?aa?aeiioaia aeaiaio?a cao?ao a iniiaieo aaeocyo

aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa, %

?ineeiieoeoaiOaa?eiieoeoaiIieaciee199019981998 + – aei 1990199019981998
+- aei 1990Iieaoa i?aoe? c
A?ae?aooaaiiyie34,019,6-14,435,321,5-13,8Ian?iiy, ei?ie,
i?aeno?eea19,020,1+1,144,743,0-1,7I?ia?aeuei?
aeia?eaa12,29,4-2,8—Iaooii?iaeoeoe,
iaeeaiAeaeo?iaia?a?y4,515,6+11,12,38,9+6,6Cai/anoeie,
aoaeiaoa??aee,?iaioe3,58,3+4,82,74,5+1,8Iieaoa
iineoa3,97,4+3,52,44,0+1,6Aii?oecaoe?y
iniiaieoCania?a11,515,6+4,19,915,5+5,6?io? cao?aoe11,44,0-7,42,72,6+0,1

Aeiiii?/iei ia?aaeienii ? oa, ui o nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe?? i?e iecuee?e
iieao? i?aoe? cieaeo?oueny ?? ieoiia aaaa. Iaea?eueoa c?inea ieoiia aaaa
cao?ao ia eoi?aeth aia?aaoe/ieo ?ano?n?a. A ieioe? ?iee aiia noaiiaeea
2,3-4,5 %, a ca?ac – 8,9-15,6 %. Ia 4,5 -4,8 % i?aeaeueeenue cao?aoe ia
i?eaeaaiiy caianieo /anoei, aoae?aaeueieo iaoa??ae?a oa ?aiiioi? ?iaioe,
a oaeiae ia aii?oecaoe?th iniiaieo cania?a (4,1-5,6)..

O 1998 ?. an? aeaee oaa?eiieoeueei? i?iaeoeoe?? aeyaeeeny caeoeiaeie, ui
e aecia/eei a?ae’?iiee aaeain aa?a?iiai naeoi?a (-18%), Oea aeiaaa?
ia?aaeyaeo aa?a?ii? iie?oeee uiaei aeiiii?/ii? ?aoi?ie n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ? anueiai AIE. Iio??aia oaeineiiaeaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueii
eiiiiiaioii? ? oa?eoi??aeueii? no?oeoo?e ye iniaeeai? ciie noiee/iiai
?aa?iio ia i?eioeeiiai iiaeo canaaeao. Ianaiia?aae oea ia?ao?ae aei
?ioaa?aoe?eieo no?oeoo?, iineeaiiy eiiia?aoeaiiai naeoi?a,
aa?a?ii-oa?eoi??aeueieo ? aa?a?ii-i?iieneiaeo eiiieaen?a a?aeiia?aeii
aei eiie?aoieo i?ei?nueeeo i?iieneiaeo cii ? a?aeaeaeaieo ?aeii?a.
Caaaeath/e ia cia/iee aieea i?noa ? noieeoe? eiaeia ciia iiaeiia iaoe
naith iiaeaeue aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

A ieioe? ?iee a Ee?anuee?e iaeano? aoaeoeaii cae?enithaaeenue i?ioeane
?ioaineo?eaoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa ia iniia?
niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiiia?oaaiiy. Aeine?aeaeaiiy oeueiai ieoaiiy
iieacaei, ui a oiiaao e?ece, iaa?oue i?e aaeeeeo ao?aoao,
niaoe?ae?ciaai? i?aei?e?inoaa ii aeoiaeo aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? a
?ic?aooieo ea iaeio i?aoethth/o ethaeeio i?iaeiaaeothoue cia/ii
aeia?aaeaeaoe ?io? ainiiaea?noaa (oaae. 4).

O 1990 ?. ae?iaie/? iieacieee niaoe?ae?ciaaieo i?aei?e?inoa ii
ae?iaieoeoao iai/?a oa ea?oiie? ia?aaaaeaee na?aaei? iieacieee ii
iaeano? a 1,2-3,9 ?ace, a a 1998 ?. – a 1,6-4,4. I?eaeecii a oaeeo aea
i?iii?oe?yo niinoa??aa?oueny ?o ia?aaaaa ? o ae?iaieoeoa? i?iaeoeoe??
oaa?eiieoeoaa.

4. Aeo?ae aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ia iaeiiai i?aoe?aieea

19901998I?iaeoeoe?yiaeanoueniaoeainie% aei iaeano?iaeanoueniaoeainie%
aei iaeano??Iai/?5031962390212935441Ea?oiiey2923511205080160Ieiaee,
yaiaee72966134214416051115Iieiei136921861608201280156AEeaa iana
ooaeiae160452283264051743430AEeaa iana
naeiae64338215942841777625Ioao?aieoeoai439812618511601635647

Caaaeath/e ia ?yae iaae??oaieo i?iaeai, ui aeieeee i?ney
*i?iiaeeuenueei? eaoano?ioe, a aeena?oaoe?? ia??oioiaothoueny oeyoe
a?aeiiaeaiiy ao?a/aieo caiaeue.

Aeine?aeaeaiiy aena?oeeei neaaeo eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noue
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio.
I?e/iio o? c ieo, ye? eiioeaio?e/ia ?icoaoiaai? aeeae/a aei i. Ee?aa,
iathoue ia iaeei-aeaa ii?yaeee aeu? iieacieee aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?niiai
iioaioe?aeo. O ?aae?aeueiiio a?aeiioaii? oaae aeyaeai? cia/i?
?ica?aeiino?. Aeu? ae?iaie/? iieacieee iathoue ainiiaea?nuee? iaeeieoe?,
ui ciaoiaeyoueny o 40-e?eiiao?iaiio ?aae?on?. O ?aae?on? 41-80 ei.
iieacieee ia 20% ieae/?, a a oeo, ui ciaoiaeyoueny ca iaaeaie 80 ei,
?ano?niee aa?ii?iieneiaee iioaioe?ae aeei?enoiao?oueny ia 40-45% a??oa a
ii??aiyii? c ia?oei eiioeaio?e/iei ?ici?uaiiyi ae?iaieoeoaa.
A?aenooi?noue ocaiaeaeaieo caoenieo caoiae?a noai?eea ni?eyoeeao
neooaoe?th aeey i?iieeiaiiy ia aioo??oi?e ?eiie noiee/iiai ?aa?iio
oiaa??a o?ao?o e?a?i, ui i?eai?/o? aa?ii?iieneiaa ae?iaieoeoai cia/ii?
e?eueeino? o?aaeeoe?eieo aeae?a i?iaeoeoe??, iniaeeai o ae?oaiio ?
o?aoueiio iiynao, ?iii?oia i?iaeiaieue/a aeniain?y i?eeiyea iaaacia/i?
oi?ie, ianaiia?aae o i. Ee?a?, eiai i?ei?nueeeo oa ?aeiiieo i?noao. O
n?euenuee?e i?noeaaino? aiia ?icaeoeo ia iaea?aeaea /a?ac iecueeo
eoi?aaeueio ni?iiiaei?noue n?euenueeeo aeeoae?a. Oiaoi /ei a?eueo
a?aeaeaeaiee ianaeaiee ioieo a?ae noieeoe?, oei ieae/ee ??aaiue
eoi?aaeueii? ni?iiiaeiino? ? iaioee ??aaiue ?iii?oii? aeniain??. Ca
iaoeie aeine?aeaeaiiyie, /anoea ?iii?oieo i?iaeiaieue/eo oiaa??a a 1990
?. ii i. Ee?ao ia ia?aaeuoaaea 10%, a oiaa?e aeaniiai ae?iaieoeoaa
(i?noi ? iaeanoue) neeaaeaee 90%. O 1998 ?. /anoea ?iii?oiiai i’yna
ioeoe? o ?icae??ai?e oi?a?ae? i. Ee?aa aeinyaea 57%, ia?aa?eio,
iaeiiaco, i’ynieo eiina?a?a – 34-41 %, iaea?iiieo ae?ia?a – 40%*

O noiee/iiio ?aa?ii? a 1998 ?. iaa?oue a?aeaoany i?e??no oiaa?iia?ao,
aea ca ?aooiie ?inoo oe?i, oiae? ye o?ce/i? ianyae oiaa?iia?ao
nei?ioeeeny i?ioe 1997 ?. ia 4%. sse a aeeaeiieo ?aeiiao, oae ? a i.
Ee?a? oa i?ei?nueeeo ?eieao iineeeeanue ?aae?caoe?y i?iaeiaieuenoaa ia
iaoi?iaeueieo ?eieao ? eiai /anoea a i?e?ino? ?aaeueieo ianya?a
?icae??aiiai oiaa?iia?ao a 1998 ?. noaiiaeea 93%. Oa?aeoa?iith ?enith
cacia/aieo ?eie?a ? aeo?niaiiy c ieo ae??aieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a.

I?iaeaiith niiaeea/eo ?eie?a ? iecueea ye?noue ye ?iii?oii?, oae ?
a?o/eciyii? i?iaeoeoe??. 80% iaii?a ? i?iaeoeo?a oa?/oaaiiy, 90%
e?ea?nueeeo cania?a, ui caaicyoueny ?c NOA oa e?a?i Cao?aeii? ?a?iie,
a?aeiinyoueny aei III eaoaai???. Iaaacia/ieie aeey caei?ia’y oiaa?aie
noaee i?ia?aeueia aiaea (46%), oe?aiaoei/i? ae?iae (53%) (iaoi?iaeueiee
?eiie). Oaeoe/ii ao?a/aia aea?aeaaia iiiiiie?y ia ?eieo aeeiaieueii? oa
othothiiai? i?iaeoeoe??. Cieaeaiiy eoi?aaeueii? ni?iiiaeiino? ianaeaiiy
i?eaaei aei ciaioaiiy niiaeeaaiiy i?iaeoeo?a oa?/oaaiiy ia an?e
oa?eoi??? ?aa?iio, i?e/iio i’yna ? i’ynii?iaeoeo?a, iieiea oa i?iaeoeo?a
eiai ia?a?iaee – o 2 ?aca iaioa.

?aoi?iiaai? oa aea?aeaai? i?aei?e?inoaa, ye? iathoue o nai?io
?icii?yaeaeaii? 79,3% caiaeueieo oa?aeue (aeecueei 2 oen. aa ia 1
ainiiaea?noai), naeyinuee? (oa?ia?nuee?), eiiia?aoeai?, aeoe?iia?i?,
i?aiaei? oa ?io? ainiiaea?noaa, ye? aieiae?thoue aeineoue iiooaeiei
oaoi?/iei ? eaae?iaei iioaioe?aeii, o iiai?e i??? caeeoathoueny
iacaae?yi? aei i?iaeiaieue/eo ?eie?a ?aa?iio. ? eeoa ia?o? ni?iae a
iai?yi? ?o cae??ieaiiy ia aioo??oi?o ?eieao noieeoe?. ? oi o a?eueoino?
aeiaaee?a oi?a?aey aaaeaoueny c “eie?n”. Ieoaiiy oe?ieiai aeinooio aei
i?nueei? oi?aiaaeueii? ia?aae? n?euenueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a
caeeoathoueny ia ae??oaieie.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio” ia
iniia? aiae?oe/ieo iaoa??ae?a aeine?aeaeaiiy, ui a?aeia?aaeathoue
??aaiue aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, ?ice?eo? caaaeuei? i?eioeeie
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueii? iiaoaeiae ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, eiai i?enoiniaaiino? aei i?iaeiaieue/iai ?eieo noieeoe?
Oe?a?ie i. Ee?aa, ia?a?iaii? i?iieneiaino?, oi?aiaaeueii? ia?aae? oa
i?nueeeo iioiai-?icae??aieo ?eie?a. Aecia/ai? oaeiae iniiai? iai?yie
aaeineiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei oa oaeoi?e ?inoo aeiiii?/ii?
aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a ?aa?ii?.

?aoe?iiaeueia oa?eoi??aeueia i?aai?caoe?y aa?a?iiai naeoi?a noiee/iiai
?aa?iio ?icaeyaea?oueny aaoi?ii ye i?ioean iino?eiiai aaeineiiaeaiiy
?ici?uaiiy aaeocae ? eoeueoo?, oi?ioaaiiy cii ? ?aeii?a oiaa?iiai
ae?iaieoeoaa ??cieo aeae?a i?iaeoeoe?? ciea?ianoaa ? oaa?eiieoeoaa. Oaea
i?aai?caoe?y ia?aaeaa/a? ?ic?iaeo ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy eiiieaeno
i?aai?caoe?eii-ainiiaea?nueeeo caoiae?a. A ??ciiiai?oi?noue aeiiii?/ieo
oiia ? ?ano?n?a oa ?o oa?eoi??aeueia ii?aeiaiiy iaoiiaeththoue
iaiao?aei?noue ?aa?iiaeueiii i?aeoiaeo aei i?aai?caoe?? aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaee oaeiae ciiao aecia/eoe iniiai?
iai?yie oa ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo aa?a?iiai naeoi?a Ee?anueei? iaeano?
(oaae. 5).

5, Ia?niaeoeaa ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?

i?iaeoeoe?? caeaaeii a?ae ??aiy eiai ?icaeoeo, oen.o

Oaeoe/iiIa?niaeoeaa aei 2010 ?.Ia?niaeoeaa aei 2000 ?., % 1998
na?aaei?eaenieeena?aaei?eAenieeeCa?ii,
anueiai141115602053110,6145,5Oeoe?iaee
ao?ye181523122835127,4156,2Ian?iiy
niiyoieeo9,010,813,6120,0151,1Ea?oiiey oa
iai/?151416341942107,9128,3Iieiei75610901282144,2169,6sseoey,
iei.oo.7378001000108,5135,7

A aeena?oaoe?? aecia/ai? aoaie ? ia??oioiaothoueny caoiaee uiaei
?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia nae?, a ii?aeiaii? oeueiai i?ioeano c
?icaeoeii noieeoe?. I?ia?aeia i?noea iaeaaeeoue aa?ii?iieneiaiio
ae?iaieoeoao. Aeey oeueiai aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy ia? cai?iiiiiaaia aaoi?ii
i?ia?aia eiai ?icaeoeo. ?? inai?iiy aeanoue ?aa?iio
iiaeeea?noue i?eaanoe ae?iaieoeoai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe?? o a?aeiia?aei?noue c iiieoii. Oea icia/a?, ui ieoiio aaao
aa?ii?iieneiai? i?iaeoeoe?? o iaeaeeae/? o?e ?iee ne?ae i?aeiyoe ia
?eieao Ee?aa oa a oi?aiaaeuei?e ia?aae? aei 50%, a a ianooii? ?iee – aei
80-90%. Noieeoey Oe?a?ie, oaeei /eiii, noaia aieiaiei ?iaanoi?ii o
?icaeoeo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio. Na?aaei?e aa??aio ?inoo
iieaciee?a aei ??aiy 1997 ?. o 2001 ?. neeaaea 8-27% a 40-e?eiiao?ia?e
cii? a?ae i. Ee?aa. O a?eueo a?aeaeaeaieo – 28-56%. I?ia?aia ii aeoiaeo
oaa?eiieoeoaa c e?ece ia?aaeaa/a? aeu? oaiie eiai ?icaeoeo, a?aeiia?aeii
9-44%, o a?aeaeaeaieo ?aeiiao – ia 36-70%. A iniiao noaa?e?caoe?? ?
?inoo ae?iaieoeoaa iieeaaeai? ?ioaineai? oaeoi?e. A?iaeaei?noue ca?iiaeo
c 26,4 oe/aa i?aeaeueoe aei 35, oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a – c 180 oe/aa aei 450
oe/aa, iaae?e iieiea ia ei?iao – c 2046 ea aei 3500-4000 ea. Oea ia
iaeaeeae/o ia?niaeoeao.

Na?aae caoiae?a /?eueia i?noea a?aeaaaeaii i?ioeanai oi?ioaaiiy
ni?aaaei?o ainiiaea??a-aeaniee?a ia nae?, ?ai?aai?caoe??
aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo ae?iaie/eo a?aeiinei oa ii?aeiaiith ?o c
aeani?noth. Oe? caoiaee i?iiiio?oueny ii/eiaoe c ai?iaaaeaeaiiy no/anieo
aenieeo oaoiieia?e, iiiaeaiiy iaoeiii-o?aeoi?iiai ia?eo oa i?aeaioiaee
eaae??a, aa?iii?caoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa ? oaa?eiieoeoaa. I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy
iathoue i?iiiceoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei a noa??
aa?ia?ciano, i?ae i?noii oa naeii. Caaaeuei? ?acoeueoaoe aoaeoeaiino?
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa iiaeai? a oaae. 6.

Aei oeaio?aeueieo iieiaeaiue aeine?aeaeaiiy ie a?aeiineii oaeiae
iaoiaeieia?th iiaoaeiae -iiai? iiaeae? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa,
oa?aeoa?ieie ?enaie yei? ? a?aee?eo?noue, eiieo?aioi?noue,
aaaaoioeeaaei?noue aeiiii?ee ?eieiaiai oeio. Naia ia oeeo i?aeaaeeiao
i?iiiio?oueny iaaeeceoe nenoaio aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa aei ??aiy
?icaeoeo ia?a?iaieo oa ?ioeo aaeocae. Aeey oeueiai ia iae?iaeiiii?/iiio
??ai? iio??aii ?ica’ycaoe i?iaeaio aeenia?eoaoo oe?i ia
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo ? i?iieneiao i?iaeoeoe?th, ?aoi?ioaaoe
e?aaeeoii-o?iainiao nenoaio a?aeiia?aeii aei aeiia ae?iaieoeoaa.

6. Noeoii? o?iainiai-aeiiii?/i? iieacieee aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa
caeaaeii a?ae ??aiy eiai ?icaeoeo (?ic?aooieia?)

AnueiaiA oiio
/ene?na?aaei?eaenieee?ineeiieoeoaiOaa?eiieoeoaiIaaeoiaeaeaiiy a?ae
?aae?caoe??I?iaeoeoe??, iei. a?i.1670240343665312341750
%10010026,127,273,972,8Nia?aa?o?noue ?aae?ciaaii?I?aeoeoe??,
iei.a?i.120216882894269131262
%10010024,025,076,074,8I?eaooe, iei. a?i.468714147226321488
%10010031,731,768,668,3??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?,
%38,942,350,953,135,238,7

I?iiiio?oueny iiaia a?aooaaiiy ?noi?e/ii? niaoe?ae?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa
oa o?aaeeoe?e niiaeea/iai iiieoo, iniaeeainoae ?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa ye a eiioeaio?e/iiio, oae ? a
?aae?aeueiiio ?ic??c?. Aaaeeeaa i?noea a nenoai? caoiae?a
a?aeaiaeeoueny aeoea?caoe?? i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo
i?aei?e?inoa, iaaeaiith ?ooo aeoe?e o a?e eiioeaio?aoe?? ?o a ?oeao
iaea?eueo i?aei?e?ieeaeo oa ae?eiaeo i?aoe?aiee?a. Ii?yae c ?icaeoeii
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa ia??oioiaothoueny iiaeeeaino?
aeey ?icaeoeo ian?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo aeae?a ae?yeueiino? (oi?a?aey,
aoae?aieoeoai, ia?a?iaea ae?iaeaii? i?iaeoeoe??, iaaeaiiy iineoa oiui).

O aeine?aeaeaii? a?aoiaaii ? oa, ui aeey i?aeianaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii?, c o?aooaaiiyi eiai
cia/aiiy, iio??aii ia aea?aeaaiiio ??ai? i?iaanoe ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th
?iaanoeoe?e oa iineeeoe iniiae naiio?iainoaaiiy i?aei?e?inoa. Aeey
oeueiai iaeaaeeoue i?oe ia oe?eani?yiiaai? ci?ie a ?inoeoooe?ei?e
no?oeoo??, aei ia?aaaaeii i?aaiaeo ?aaoeyoeaieo iaoai?ci?a ?icaeoeo AIE,
ocaeiiaieo iaoiae?a ae?yeueiino? aeueo i?aai?a oi?aae?iiy. Iio??aii
noai?eoe ni?eyoeeaa ?eieiaa na?aaeiaeua, i?aaeea a?e oa
noi?ioaaoe iiaiioe?iiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee ?eiie, onoioaoe oei
naiei iaoi?iaeueiee (noeo?eiee) ?eiie. I?iiiio?oueny oaeiae aaeee?
oi?ie i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa ia?ai?uoaaoe ca iaae? i?ei?nueeeo cii, o
?io? ?aae?aeuei? naeoi?e, ii?aeioaaoe ?o c iaeeie oa na?aaei?ie oi?iaie,
Aei /anoeie ?ia?o ii cacia/ai?e i?ia?ai? i?iiiio?oueny i?aeeeth/aoe
iiaeeeaino? i?nueeiai athaeaeaoo, iniaeeai aei ?ica’ycaiiy oaeeo
aaaeeeaeo ieoaiue ia nae?, ye noai?aiiy iiaeo ?iai/eo i?noeue, aeeoeiaa
aoae?aieoeoai, oii?yaeeoaaiiy n?euenueei? oa nioe?aeueii-iiaooiai?
?io?ano?oeoo?e, ?icaeoie ia’?aeiaieo ia?eaoeiaiaeo neoaea.

Aeioe?eueii oaeiae iaoe a?ae i?nueei? aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?? iino?ei?
caiiaeaiiy ia ie?ai? iaea?eueo aaaeeea? aeey i?noa i?iaeoeoe oa?/oaaiiy,
a ia?oo /a?ao, aeey iaio caaacia/aii? /anoeie ianaeaiiy, e?ea?aiue,
a?iiaaenueeiai oa?/oaaiiy oiui. I?ae oeth i?iaeoeoe?th i?noo aaaeaii
aeeth/eoeny aei ?icaoaeiae no/anii? nioe?aeueii-iiaooiai? oa n?euenueei?
?io?ano?oeoo?e. Oea ni?eyoeia i?aeaeuaiith yeino? aeeooy ia nae?,
iii’yeoaiith ia?aianaeaiiy noieeoe? Oe?a?ie i. Ee?aa.

AENIIAEE

1. Aa?a?iee naeoi? ciie aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?ie ia?aaoaa? o
caoyaeiiio e?eciaiio noai? ? /a?ac ?yae ia’?eoeaieo oa noa’?eoeaieo
i?e/ei ao?a/a? nai? cia/aiiy a caaacia/aii? aeeoae?a i. Ee?aa
i?iaeoeoaie oa?/oaaiiy. Caaaeueiee ia“:ya ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa a Ee?anuee?e iaeano? ca 1991-1998 ??.
cieceany a?eueoa, i?ae ia o?aoeio, a aeione i?iaeoeoe?? oa?/iai?
i?iieneiaino? – o aeaa ?ace. Cieceany aaniethoiee ? a?aeiiniee ??aaiue
aeioiaeiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a. C 637
ainiiaea?noa noni?eueiiai naeoi?a 532, aai 84,8%, – caeoeia?. ?iii?oia
?ioa?aaioe?y iia’ycaia ia no?eueee ?c ciaioaiiyi ae?iaieoeoaa
a?o/eciyii? i?iaeooe??, ne?eueee c aeo?niaiiyi a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieea c
ee?anueeiai ?eieo oeyoii eii’thieoo?ieo iaiaa??a, aeaii?iaiaeo oe?i oa
?i. sseui a 1990 ?. i?iaeiaieue/ee ?eiie noieeoe? caiiaithaaany
oiaa?iae?iaieeaie Ee?aueie oa i?eeaaeeo aei ia? ie?aieo ?aeii?a ?ioeo
iaeanoae ia 90%, oi a 1996-1998 ??. oeae iieaciee nei?ioeany aei 10%.

2. Aei iniiaieo i?e/ei, ui coiiaeee a?ae??aai?noue aa?a?iiai naeoi?a
a?ae caaacia/aiiy iio?aa i. Ee?aa, ne?ae a?aeianoe, ii-ia?oa, iie?oe/i?
i?i?aooiee, ui aeyaeeinue o ni?iuaiiio ?icoi?ii? ?eieo ye aeaiaioa?ii?
naii?aaoethth/i? nenoaie, iniiaaii? aeeeth/ii ia a?eueiiio
eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo;

ii-ae?oaa, iae?iaeiiii?/i? oaeoi?e niaaeo ?aaeueiiai ??aiy aeioiae?a
ianaeaiiy, ?ioeyoe?th, aeenia?eoao oe?i ia n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo ?
i?iieneiao i?iaeoeoe?th, iaaeineiiae?noue e?aaeeoii-o?iainiai? nenoaie.
Iiaia iacaoeuai?noue a?ae ieo ?eieo i?iaeiaieuenoaa coiiaeea
iacaoeuai?noue eiai ?iiino?; ii-o?ao?, iaaeiioe?ieo cia/aiiy
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao noiee/iiai ?aa?iio ye
nenoaie oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? oa i?iaeoeoe?? ?? i?iieneiai?
ia?a?iaee a?aeiia?aeii aei iio?aa i. Ee?aa.

3. E?eciaee noai aa?a?iiai naeoi?a iineeth?oueny oaeiae e iane?aeeaie
*i?iiaeeuenueei? eaoano?ioe. Ia oa?eoi??? ?aa?iio ?ici?uaia aaeeea
e?euee?noue niaoe?ae?ciaaieo aea?aeaaieo oa eieaeoeaieo i?aei?e?inoa, a
oaeiae aaeeeeo oaa?eiieoeueeeo eiiieaen?a, ae?iaie/a ae?yeuei?noue yeeo
caeaaeeoue a?ae iinoa/aeueiee?a iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ieo cania?a, ei?i?a,
ieai?iieo oa oiaa?ieo oaa?ei, ioeoe?. I?e ?icaaeainiaaiiio ae?iaieoeoa?
oea i?ecaaei aei a?ae/ooieo ao?ao ? iaaaoeaii aieeioei ia
aa?ii?iieneiaee eiiieaen ?aa?iio.

4. Nie?ath/enue ia oai??th ia?aaaae niaoe?ae?ciaaiiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa
noni?eueiiai iiae?eo i?aoe? i?iiiio?oueny a noiee/iiio aa?a?iiio
naeoi??:

• iinooiiai ia?aeoe ia iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i?
i?eioeeie eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa ye iiai? nenoaie oa?eoi??aeueii?
i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? oa
i?iaeoeoe?? ?? i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee, ui cae?enith?oueny i?ae
aaciina?aaei?i aieeaii aeiiii?/ieo ?ioa?an?a nioe?aeueii-ae?iaie/i?
ae?yeueiino? i. Ee?aa – noieeoe? iacaeaaeii? aea?aeaae Oe?a?ie:

• ?icaeoie aa?a?iiai ?aa?iio oa eiai aoiaeaeaiiy a ?eieiaa na?aaeiaeua
ia? noaoe aecia/aeueiei uiaei iai?yi?a, ci?noo oa no?oeoo?e
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a?aeiia?aeii aei aeiia i. Ee?aa o i?iii?oe?yo ? ?ici??ao,
caeaoieo aei caaeiaieaiiy c?inoath/eo iio?aa iaeiiai aeeoae?a ?c
eiie?aoieo aeaeao i?iaeoeoe?? niiaeeaaiiy;

• c o?aooaaiiyi eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?ioyaii 1999-2001 ?ie?a caaa?oeoe
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th oa?eoi??aeueii? i?aai?caoe??
aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, noi?ioaaoe a?aeiia?aei?
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? ae?iaie/? ciie, i?aeciie oa i?e?iciie caeaaeii
a?ae iio?aa i?noa.

5. Ia iniia? ?ic?iaeaii? iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaii? noaie
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai ?ici?uaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa iaaeiei noieeoe? Oe?a?ie ii i??? a?aeaeaeaiiy a?ae iaae
i?noa ia?aaeaa/aoe, aeoiaey/e c ?noi?e/ieo o?aaeeoe?e ianaeaiiy oa
iio?aa noiee/iiai ?eieo, ci?ie a ianyaao oa no?oeoo?? ae?iaieoeoaa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??. E??i oiai, aecia/eoe ciie
aenii?oiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ia?aaeaa/eaoe aea?aeaai? caoiaee ii
i?aeo?eioe? ?o ?icaeoeo. Iine?aeiaii cae?enithaaoe
eiiiainaoe?eii-noeioethth/? caoiaee ?icaeoeo oaa?eiieoeoaa. Iaeaaeeoue
ia aea?aeaaiiio ??ai? ae??oeoe ieoaiiy ni?aaaaeeeai? iiaeaoeiai? oa
oe?iiai? iie?oeee, caaacia/eoe caaeainiaaiee ?icaeoie on?o aaeocae AIE.

6. Ia?iuoaaiiy aa?a?iiai eai?oaeo a ?aa?ii? i?iiiio?oueny cae?enithaaoe
iiaoaiii. Aei aaciaiai ??aiy (1997 ?.) ae?iaieoeoai i?iaeoeoe??
?ineeiieoeoaa iiaea ca?eueoeoeny a 2001 ?. ia 8-56, a oaa?eiieoeoaa —
9-?0 %.

?aae?caoe?y ?ic?iaeaii? i?ia?aie aa?a?iiai naeoi?a noiee/iiai ?aa?iio ia
iniia? aaaaoioeeaaeii? aeiiii?ee aeanoue iiaeeea?noue aanoe ?icoe?aia
a?aeoai?aiiy ? i?e iaa?oioiaaieo oe?iao ia i?iieneiao oa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo i?iaeoeoe?th caaacia/eoe ?aioaaaeuei?noue ia
??ai? 39-42 %. Aeioe?eueii i?e oeueiio iaoe a?ae i?nueei?
aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?? iino?ei? caiiaeaiiy ia aaaeeea?o? aeey i?noa
i?iaeoeoe oa?/oaaiiy. I?ae aa?o?noue oe??? i?iaeoeoe?? i?noo aaaeaii
aeeth/eoeny aei ?icaoaeiae no/anii? nioe?aeueii-iiaooiai? oa n?euenueei?
?io?ano?oeoo?e. Oea ni?eyoeia i?aeaeuaiith yeino? aeeooy ia nae?,
iii’yeoaiith ia?aianaeaiiy naii? noieeoe? Oe?a?ie i. Ee?aa.

NIENIE IOAE?EAOe?E CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

1. A?aecth?a ?.I. ?aoi?ioaaiiy aa?a?ieo i?aei?e?inoa ia iniia? i?eaaoii?
aeaniino? //Aeiiii?ea AIE.- 1998.- ?2.-N.C-6.

2. A?aecth?a ?.I., Oiea?aa I.O. Oaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?? a?aeoai?aiiy
iiei/iiai noaaea //Aeiiii?ea AIE.- 1998.- ?7.-N.25-28, a o./. aaoi?a
25-27 no.

3. Aeaecth?a E.I. AEeaioiiaiaenoai noiee/iie iaeanoe a ia?aoiaeiue?o
?ue?ii/iue?o oneiaeyo //Aeiiii?ea AIE.- 1998.- ?1!.- N.81-85.

4. Aeaecth?n E.I- Niaoeeoeea ?acaeoey aa?a?iiai i?iecaiaenoaa a
*a?iiaue?eueneie ciia Oe?aeiue? //Aa?a?iay iaoea.- 1998.-?7.-N.18-19.

5. Aeaecth?a E.I. Ceiiiieea aa?a?iiai naeoi?a noiee/iiai ?aaeiia
//I?eaei?i?ianueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – 1998.- ?92.- N.1-6.

6. A?aecth?a ?.I., Oiea?aa I.O., Oeea?i A.A. Iioei?caoe?y ?aae?aoe?eiiai
eiio?ieth a Ee?anuee?e iaeano? // Iaoea. *i?iiaeeue-97, Ee?a-1998.
Iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ia eiioa?aioe?y 11-12 ethoiai 1998 ?. – N.114.

AIIOAOe?ss

A?aecth?a ?.I.: “Aeiiii?ea aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio
Oe?a?ie”. Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.07.02 -‘ Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?
AIE. ?inoeooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe,
Ee?a, 1999.

Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ieoaiiyi ?icaoaeiae aeiiii?ee aa?a?iiai
ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio a oiiaao ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo aei
?eieo. A i?e aeine?aeaeothoueny i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iniaeeaino?
oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa noiee/iiai ?aa?iio.
C oai?aoe/ii-iaoiaeieia?/ieo iiceoe?e aena?oeth?oueny
?aa?iiaeueia nooi?noue aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? aieeao
ae?yeueiino? noieeoe? Oe?a?ie i. Ee?aa, ?ice?eaa?oueny
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia oeoia/aiiy iiiyooy “aa?ii?iieneiaa
ae?iaieoeoai noiee/iiai ?aa?iio”, ia??oioiao?oueny oa?aeoa? eiai
oa?eoi??aeueiiai oi?ioaaiiy oa ?icaeoeo. Nie?ath/enue ia oai??th
noni?eueiiai iiae?eo i?aoe?, aaoi? aeine?aeaeo? iiaeeeaino? iainiaeaiiy
? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th aaeocae, iineeaiiy aioo??oiueiaaeocaaiai
oiaa?iiai?io ye ia?aaeoiiae aeey i?enei?aiiy iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano
oa caaacia/aiiy c?inoaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?.

Aeoiaey/e c oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue aiae?co?oueny ?ano?niee iioaioe?ae
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa noai eiai aeei?enoaiiy. Oea
aeicaieeei aaoi?o c’ynoaaoe ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aaeocae n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa, ?o iaaaeaeaaoio i?enoiniaai?noue aei ?eieiaeo oiia.
Aecia/ai? oaeiae iiceoeai? ? iaaaoeai? oa?aeoa?enoeee a ci?i?
aeiiii?/ii? neooaoe?? a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? noiee/iiai ?aa?iio, neeaaeiiu?
noaiiaeaiiy ? ?ieue ??cieo oei?a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa
a nenoai? AIE.

Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a noiee/iiio ?aa?ii? ?icaeyaeathoueny a aeena?oaoe?? i?ae
eooii ci?o caaaeueieo i?eioeei?a ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa ia nae?. Aea
ia a?aei?io a?ae iiia?aaei?o aeine?aeiee?a, aeoiaey/e c oai???
niaoe?ae?caoe?? ? noni?eueiiai iiae?eo i?aoe?, aaoi? i?iiiio?
cae?enithaaoe ia iae?i-, iaci- ? i?e?i??aiyo oa?eoi??aeueio
?aeiino?oeoe?th aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa c o?aooaaiiyi
i?e?iaeii-aeiiii?/ieo cii Ee?aueie oa i?eeaaeeo aei ia? ie?aieo ?aeii?a
?ioeo iaeanoae ia i?eioeeiao iaoeiaiai iaa?oiooaaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo iniaeeainoae eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueiiai
oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa. Naia oeae iaoeiaee
i?aeo?ae aeicaieeoue caeeceoe ?ioa?ane n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ? ia?a?iaieo i?aei?e?inoa i. Ee?aa, ni?eyoeia
i?aeaeuaiith aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aa?ii?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: aa?a?ia ae?iaieoeoai, noiee/iee ?aa?ii, aeiiii?ea,
eai?oae, e?eca, ?eiie, ia?aoai?aiiy, eiioeaio?e/ii-?aae?aeueia
oi?ioaaiiy, aeioiae, niaoe?ae?caoe?y, iiae?e i?aoe?.

AIIIOAOeEss

Aeaecth?a E.I.: Ceiiiieea aa?a?iiai i?iecaiaenoaa noiee/iiai ?aaeiia
Oe?aeiue? – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa ceiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.07,02 – Ceiiiieea naeueneiai oicyenoaa e AIE.
Einoeooo aa?a?iie ceiiiieee Oe?aeineie aeaaeaiee aa?a?ieo iaoe, Eeaa,
1999.

Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?inai ?acaeoey ceiiiieee aa?a?iiai
i?iecaiaenoaa noiee/iiai ?aaeiia a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaeiiai ia?eiaea e
?ue?ieo. A iae enneaaeothony i?aaiecaoeeiiii-ceiiiie/aneea
iniaaiiinoe oi?ie?iaaiey e ?acaeoey aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa
noiee/iiai ?aaeiia. N oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieiae/aneeo iiceoeee inaauaaony
?aaeiiaeueiay nouiinoue aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa a ciia aeeyiey
aeayoaeueiinoe noieeoeue? Oe?aeiue? a. Ee?aa, ?ane?ueaaaaony
nioeeaeueii-ceiiiie/aneia oieeiaaiea iiiyoey aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa noiee/iiai ?aaeiia, iainiiaue?aaaony oa?aeoa? aai
oa??eoi?eaeueiiai oi?ie?iaaiey e ?acaeoey. Iniiaue?aaynue ia oai?ee
iauanoaaiiiai ?acaeaeaiey o?oaea, aaoi? enneaaeoao aiciiaeiinoe
iainiaeaiey e aeeooa?aioeeaoeee io?aneae, oneeaiey aioo?eio?aneaanai
e iaaeio?aneaaiai oiaa?iiaiaia eae oneiaey aeey onei?aiey
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e iaania/aiey ?inoa
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea. A niioaaonoaee n oai?aoe/aneeie
iieiaeaiiyie . aiaeece?oaony ?ano?niue?e iioaioeeae
naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa e ninoiyiea aai eniieueciaaiey,
niioiioaiea io?aneae naeueneiai oicyenoaa, eo iaaaeaeaaoiie
i?eniiniaeaiiinoe e ?ue?ii/iue?i oneiaeyi. Ii?aaeaeaiue?
iieiaeeoaeueiue?a e iaaaoeaiue?a oa?aeoa?enoeee a eciaiaiee
ceiiiie/aneie neooaoeee a aa?a?iii naeoi?a noiee/iiai ?aaeiia,
neiaeiinoe noaiiaeaiiy e ?ieue ?acee/iue?o oeiia naeueneioicyenoaaiiue?o
i?aaei?eyoee a nenoaii AIE.

Ia?niaeoeaue? ?acaeoey e iiaue?oaiey cooaeoeaiinoe
aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa a noiee/iii ?aaeiia ?anniao?eaathony a
aeenna?oaoeee iiae oaen’i c?aiey iaueo i?eioeeiia ?acaeoey
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa ia naea, Iaeiaei a ioee/ea io i?aaeue?aeoueo
enneaaeiaaoaeae, ia iniiaa oai?ee niaoeeaeecaoeee e iauanoaaiiiai
?acaeaeaiey o?oaea aaoi? i?aaeeaaaao inouanoaeyoue ia iae?i-, iaci- ?
iee?io?iaiyo oa??eoi?eaeueioth ?aeiino?oeoeeth aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa n o/aoii i?e?iaeii-ceiiiie/aneeo cii Eeaaueiue? e
i?eeaaath?aeeo e iae ioaeaeueiue?o ?aeiiia ae?oaeo iaeanoae ia
i?eioeeiao iao/iiai iaineiaaiey i?aaiecaoeeiiii-ceiiiie/aneeo
iniaaiiinoae eiioeaio?e/ii-?aaeeaeueiiai oi?ie?iaaiey e ?acaeoey
aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa. Eiaiii coio iao/iue?e iiaeoiae
iicaieeo i?eaeeceoue eioa?anue? naeueneioicyenoaaiiue?o
oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaeae e ia?a?aaaoue?aathueo i?aaei?eyoee a. Ee?aa,
aoaeao niaeaenoaiaaoue ceiiiie/aneie cooaeoeaiinoe aa?ii?iiue?oeaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa.

N?aaee ia? cia/eoaeueiia ianoi ioaiaeeony i?ioeannai oi?ie?iaaiey
?aaeueiue?o oicyaa-nianoaaiieeia ia naea, ?ai?aaiecaoeee
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiue?o i?iecaiaenoaaiiue?o ioiioaiee a aaeeinoaa n eo
nianoaaiiinoueth. Coe i?ioeannue? i?aaeiieaaaaony inouanoaeyoue
n iaeiia?aiaiiue?i i?eiaiaieai nia?aiaiiue?o
aue?nieii?iaeoeoeaiue?o oaoiieiaee, iaiiaeaieai iaoeiii-o?aeoi?iiai
ia?ea, aeeth/ay iiaeaioiaeo eaae?ia? ai?iiiecaoeeae ?anoaieaaiaenoaa e
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa. I?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea eiaao i?aaeeiaeaiea a /anoe
niaa?oainoaiaaiey ceiiiie/aneeo ioiioaiee a noa?a aa?iaeciana, iaaeaeo
ai?iaeii-noieeoeae e naeueneeie ?aeiiaie. Aaaeiue?i caaiii i?e coii
aeieaeia noaoue acaeiiaue?aiaeiinoue ia?oia?neeo ioiioaiee n
ia?a?aaaoue?aathueie i?aaei?eyoeyie e oi?aiaeae. Ainoaea?noai, ni naiae
noi?iiue?, aeieaeii ?aoeoue i?iaeaio aeenia?eoaoa oeai ia
naeueneioicyenoaaiiooi e i?iiue?oeaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth, ?aoi?ie?iaaoue
e?aaeeoii-oeiainiaoth nenoaio a niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie
i?iecaiaenoaa,

I?aaeeaaaaony noi?ie?iaaoue iieiioeaiiue?e naeueneioicyenoaaiiue?e
?ue?iie. I?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe e?oiiue?a oe?ii i?iiue?oeaiiie ia?a?aaioee
naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai nue??uey ia?aiauaoue ca i?aaeaeue? i?eai?iaeiio
cii, a ae?oaa? ?aaeeaeueiue?a naeoi?a. E i?ia?aiiai ?acaeoey AIE
iiaeeeth/eoue . aiciiaeiinoe noiee/iiai oi?iaeneiai athaeaeaoa, iniaaiii
ia ?aoaiea aii?inia caiyoinoe ia naea, aeeeeuiiai no?ieoaeuenoai,
nioeeaeueii-aue?oiaie e naeueneie eio?ano?oeoo?ue?. Aacie aeey oaeiai
nio?oaeie/anoaa iiaoo aue?oue iinoiyiiue?a caeacue? ai?iaea ia
aaaeiaeoea i?iaeoeoue? ieoaiiy,

Eeth/aaue?a neiaa: aa?a?iia i?iecaiaenoai, noiee/iue?e ?aaeii,
ceiiiieea, eaieoae, e?ecen, ?ue?iie, i?aia?aciaaiey,
eiioeaio?e/ii-?aaeeaeueiia oi?ie?iaaie?, aeioiae, niaoeeaeecaoeey,
?acaeaeaiea o?oaea.

The summary Bidzyra I.P. Economics of agrarian production of the capital
region of Ukraine

The thesis is a manuscript.

The thesis is for candidat’s decree in economics on speciality 08.07.02.

Economics of agriculture and APC. Institute of Agrarian Economics UAAS.
Kyiv,

1998.

The thesis is devoted to the questions of agrarian production of the
capital region

in developing market conditions. The questions of theoretical
substantiation and

practical inevitability of market transformations are spread out. It is
determined

that the agrarian sector of the region has the possibilities for
overcoming the

crisis. It is proposed to realize the growing of the agrarian sector by
stages, at

first to rich. the middle and then the higher stage. The main results of
the work

are tested in practice and can be used at the regional farms.

Key words: agrarian production, capital region, economics, capital,
crisis, market,

transformation, concentric and radical formation, income,
specialization, labor

separation.

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