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Економічний механізм формування та функціонування ринку зерна в Україні: Автореф. дис… д-ра екон. наук / Л.М. Худолій, Ін-т аграр. економіки УААН. —

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2

?inoeooo
aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee

Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai?? aa?a?ieo iaoe

Ooaeie?e

Ethaia Ieoaee?aia

OAeE 631.1 : 633.1

Aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci

oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy

?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i?

08.07.02 – Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? AIE

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a-1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai??
aa?a?ieo iaoe.

Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio:aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio OAAI,

caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie

Oie/ae Ieaenaiae? Ieoaeeiae/,

Oe?a?inueea aeaaeai?y aa?a?ieo iaoe,

aeaaeai?e-nae?aoa?

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

aeaaeai?e IAI Oe?a?ie

Iieuaiei Ieaen?e Ion?eiae/,

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie,

ea??aiee a?aeae?eaiiy

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

aeaaeai?e OAAI

Ai?uaanueeee Iao?i I?ieiiiae/,

?aaea ii aea/aiith i?iaeoeoeaieo nee

IAI Oe?a?ie, canooiiee aieiae

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe,

/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio OAAI

Eiaan Ieeiea A?eai?iae/,

Iaoeiai-ae?iaie/a aeoe?iia?ia oiaa?enoai

Aa?i?ieii, aaia?aeueiee aee?aeoi?,

aee?aeoi? Aa?a?iiai ?inoeoooo

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaaIaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a
Oe?a?ie,

eaoaae?a aeiiii?ee AIE,

i.Ee?a Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny 19 n?/iy 1999 ?. i 13 aiaeei?
ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.350.01 ii caoenoo
aeena?oaoe?e ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe a
?inoeooo? aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI (252127, i. Ee?a-127, aoe. Aa?i?a
Iai?iie, 10, eiioa?aioe-cae, 3-e iiaa?o).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee OAAI (252127, i. Ee?a-127, aoe. Aa?i?a Iai?iie, 10, 2-e
iiaa?o).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 12 a?oaeiy 1998 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Iae?e I.E.

Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Oe?a?ia caeaaia a?aeiia aeiyoeiai ni?eyoeeaeie
i?e?iaeii-ee?iaoe/ieie oiiaaie aeey ?icaeoeo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa –
?iaeth/eie a?oioaie, iyeeie ee?iaoe/ieie oiiaaie aeey oi?ioaaiiy
aenieeo o?iaea?a ye?niiai i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia. A e?a?i? ? ? aeia??
ia?aaeoiiae aeey oi?a?ae? oeei oiaa?ii – ?ieee aioo??oi?e ?eiie,
aea?aeia aaiiie?oe/ia ?icoaooaaiiy aeey ciai?oiuei? oi?a?ae?, iayai?noue
?icaaeoaeaii? o?ainii?oii-neeaaenueei? ?io?ano?oeoo?e, aeeth/ath/e
ii?nuee? ii?oe. Oa ae?iaeyth/e ia i?ioyc? aeiaaiai ia??iaeo ii 700-900
ea ca?ia ia aeooo ianaeaiiy (cia/ii a?eueoa, i?ae aeaye? i?ia?aei?
e?a?ie-aenii?oa?e), ? caeiath/e a?ae 1,8 aei 2,5 % o na?oiaeo ianyaao
ae?iaieoeoaa ca?ia, Oe?a?ia aei neo i?? oae ? ia cayaeea i?i naaa ye i?i
e?oiiiai aenii?oa?a aenieiye?niiai ca?ia, ua cian?i iaaeaaii (ia
ii/aoeo 90-o ?ie?a) iaea a?ae?iia naeueaei ii aenii?oii-?iii?oieo
iia?aoe?yo c iei. Oaeee noai aaeoc?, i??i?eoaoii? o an?o a?aeiioaiiyo
aeey Oe?a?ie, ? ia?aaeienaeueiei ? iio?aao? aeeaieiai aea/aiiy oa oeyo?a
?ica’ycaiiy.

Aaoi?nueeeie aeine?aeaeaiiyie i?iaeai aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo ca?iiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa, yeei i?enay/aii iaeaea aeaa aeanyoe??//y iaoeiai? ?iaioe,
anoaiiaeaii, ui i?e/eie oaeiai noaiiaeua a aaeoc? aoee ??ci? ia
a?aeiia?aeieo aoaiao ?icaeoeo iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee. Oea
i?aeoaa?aeaeaii ?iaioaie aaaaoueio o/aieo-aeiiii?no?a, ye? i?aoethaaee
i?ioyaii inoaiiuei? /aa?o? noi??//y iaae i?iaeaiith i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa a Oe?a?i? – I.Noi?iaeoea,
I.Naaeoea, I.Oie/aea, I.Eiaana, N.Aaeay, I.Aaeaeooeueeiai, A.I?ioaniaa,
C.I?eiea?ai?, ?.Iac?y, I.Uo?a oa a/aieo-oaoiieia?a ? naeaeoe?iia??a –
A.Naeea, E.I.AEeaioeiaa, A.Nieieiaa, ?.Eaaaaey, A.AEaiaee, A.Ionaoiaa oa
?i.

I?e/eie iaaeinoaoiuei? aoaeoeaiino? ca?iiai? aaeoc? i?ioyaii 70-80 ?ie?a
aaa/aeenue o no?oeoo?i?e iaaeineiiaeino? ae?iaieoeoaa, oiaa?ieo ?ano?n?a
oa niiaeeaaiiy ca?ia, cia/ieo eiai ao?aoao o i?ioean? a?aeoai?aiiy, a
iaaeoi aenie?e nia?aa?oino? ca?ia, a iaa?aeeaaiaeaeaiino? aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ? caaio?aaeueiee?a. Ia ?icaycaiiy oeeo
i?iaeai ? iai?aaeyeenue, a iniiaiiio, cia/i? iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/i? oa
a?ioia? ?ano?ne, i???iooaaeenue caoiaee aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee. I?e
oeueiio aoaeoeai?noue ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa caaaeaee ?icaeyaeaeanue a
aaciina?aaei?e oaycoe? c ?ioeie aaeocyie n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa c
iiceoe?e ae??aithaaiiy ?o aeioiaeiino?, aea iica eiioaenoii na?oiai?
eiithieoo?e ?eieo ca?ia.

A oiiaao ?aoi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?ee ? ia?aoiaeo ia iia?
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? canaaee, eiee iai?eaeaoieie noathoue noa??
iaoiaee oi?aae?iiy, a oiiaao iiaoaeiae a?aee?eoi? aeey na?oo aeiiii?ee,
iaiaaeaieo iiaeeeainoae ?iaanooaaiiy aaeoc?, a neooaoe?? iia??oaiiy
eiithieoo?e ia ca?iiaiio ?eieo, aaoi? aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
?iaeoue ni?iao aecia/eoe oeyoe ?icaycaiiy i?iaeaie i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa o iia?e ieiuei? – a?eueo iiaiiai
aeei?enoaiiy eiithieoo?e aioo??oiueiai ? na?oiaiai ca?iiaiai ?eieo ia
ei?enoue oe?a?inueeiai oiaa?iae?iaieea. C?icoi?ei, ui ae??oaiiy oaei?
caaea/? iaiiaeeeaa aac oi?ioaaiiy iiaiioe?iieo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ?
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?ia?aneaieo iaoai?ci?a ?o ooieoe?iioaaiiy.

I?iaeaie ?ic?iaee ae??aeo iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?ee, oi?ioaaiiy
iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua, aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo
aa?ii?iieneiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ? aeooaeueieie aeey an?o e?a?i c
ia?ao?aeiith aeiiii?eith ? aaea aeineoue aeiaaee /an ?ic?iaeythoueny
oe?a?inueeeie ? ca?oa?aeieie a/aieie: E.Aaaee?iei, A.Aaaiaaayiii,
A.Ai?aei, ?.Eoe?iiaei, I.Ai?uaanueeei, A.Aieeii, A.Aonaeiaei,
I.Aeaiyiaieii, ?.AEiaie?aith, A.Ee/ai, I.Iieuaieii, A.Ianoaaa?ii,
I.Naaeoeii, A.Naaaeaeaeii, A.I?ioaniaei, A.Ceiiaoeai,I.Oie/aeii oa ?i.

Aaea a e?ioe? 80-o – ia ii/aoeo 90-o ?ie?a oe? a/ai? iaa?oiooaaee
iaiao?aei?noue aeiiii?/ieo ia?aoai?aiue a e?a?iao, a ?o aa?ii?iieneiaeo
eiiieaenao, cie?aia, noi?ioethaaee iiiyooy ?eieiai? nenoaie ?
aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio, aecia/eee neeaaeia? inoaiiueiai, aeanoea? aeey
ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo ? iniaeeainoae e?a?ie. Ii i??? oiai, ye oi?ioaaany
iiaee oei aeiiii?ee, ci?ithaaeenue oi?ie oi?aae?iiy iath, /anoeia
oai?aoe/ieo iiiyoue noaea iio?aaoaaoe ooi/iaiiy, a nai iaoai?ci
oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie – ei?eaoaaiiy ? iiaeaeueoi? ?ic?iaee c o?aooaaiiyi
i?aeoeee iiaoaeiae ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee a iao?e e?a?i? oa aeina?aeo ?ioeo
aea?aeaa. I?ioa, i?eeeaaeiee aniaeo oi?ioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia, a iniaeeai
noai?aiiy aoaeoeaieo iaoai?ci?a eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy a oiiaao
noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei aeyaeany iaaeinoaoiuei ?ic?iaeaiei. Oaea
?aaeuei?noue ? aecia/eea aea?? oaie oa eiie?aoieo caaaeaiue.

Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oaeineiiaeaiiy iaoiaeieia?? ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino?
iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ? ?ic?iaea oaeeo aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a
oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a, ye? a caaacia/oaaee
aeeiai?/iee ?icaeoie ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa ? noi?aeieo c iei aaeocae
ia aoai? ia?ao?aeii? aeiiii?ee ? a iiaeaeueo?e ia?niaeoea? ia iniia?
?aoe?iiaeueiiai ii?aeiaiiy iaoai?ci?a ?eieiaiai ? aea?aeaaiiai
?aaoethaaiiy.

Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy iaoiiaeea caaea/?, iniiaieie c yeeo ?:

· aecia/aiiy iiiyooy ?eiie ca?ia;

· ooi/iaiiy ?ie? ? i?noey ca?iiaeo ?eie?a a ?eieia?e nenoai?, ui
ianeoaiao? AIE;

· aecia/aiiy nooiino? aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio, eiai no?oeoo?e ?
i?eioeei?a ae?? aeey noai?aiiy iiaiioe?iieo ?eie?a;

· ?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy
?eie?a;

· eiiieaenia ioe?iea ae?th/eo aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ooieoe?iioaaiiy
?eieo ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a ia ??cieo aoaiao ?icaeoeo;

· i?iaiic eiithieoo?e oa iai?yiee oaeineiiaeaiiy iaoai?ci?a
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a (i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai,
ian?ii?aiai).

Caycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Iniiaith ?iaioe
? aaaaoi??/i? iaoeia? aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?iaaaeai? aaoi?ii ia i?ioyc?
1980-1998 ??. a ?inoeooo? aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI a ?aieao aea?aeaaieo ?
aaeocaaeo i?ia?ai: i?ia?aie 0.51.10 ia 1976-1980 ??., caoaa?aeaeaii?
iinoaiiaith AeEIO N?N? a?ae 16 a?oaeiy 1975 ?.; i?ia?aie 0.51.103 ia
1981-1985 ??., caoaa?aeaeaii? AeEIO N?N? ii iaooe? ? oaoi?oe? a?ae 4
eenoiiaaea 1981 ?. ? 432; i?ia?aie IAe? ia 1986-1990 ??. 0.51.10 ?
caaaeueiinithcii? iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie 0.51.03 Ca?ii,
caoaa?aeaeaieo iinoaiiaith AeEIO a?ae 30 aeiaoiy 1985 ?. ? 555;
?anioae?eainueei? oe?eueiai? eiiieaenii? iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie ia
1991-1995 ??. I?iaeiaieuenoai-95, caoaa?aeaeaii? 22 a?oaeiy 1990 ?.
iinoaiiaith ?aaee I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie ? 391; iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie ia
1996-2000 ?iee, caoaa?aeaeaii? I?aceae??th Oe?a?inueei? aeaaeai??
aa?a?ieo iaoe a?ae 28.12.1996 ?., i?ioieie ? 19.

I?aaeiao ? ia?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aii
aeiiii?/i? iaoai?cie oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a ia
aoaiao (1981-1990 ??., 1991-1997 ??. oa 1998-2005 ??.).

Ia?eoe aeine?aeaeaiiy – ae?th/? ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie ca?iia? ?eiee
(i?iaeiaieue/ee, oo?aaeiee, ian?ii?aee) ye nenoaia aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a an?o oi?i aeaniino? ?
niiaeeaa/?a ca?ia oa ca?iii?iaeoeoe?? c i?eaiaeo eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo
oiaa?o.

Iaoiaeieia?y ? iaoiaeeea aeine?aeaeaiiy. A iniiao iaoiaeieia?/ii? aace
aeine?aeaeaiiy iieeaaeaii iaoa??ae?noe/io ae?aeaeoeeo,
aano?aeoii-eia?/iee ? nenoaiiee iaoiaee. Ia?oa aeicaieeea aaoi?o
i?ine?aeeoaaoe ?icaeoie oaeiai yaeua ye ?eiie ca?ia a Oe?a?i? ia i?ioyc?
inoaii?o aeanyoe??/ ? ci?iaiicoaaoe oaiaeaioe?th eiai ?icaeoeo ia
ia?niaeoeao; a?aene?aeeoe i?ioean ?aoi?ioaaiiy iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy oeei
?eieii, yeee neiaie?coaaa ia i?inoi aaiethoe?eiee ia?ao?ae a?ae iaoiae?a
oeaio?ae?ciaaiiai aaei?i?no?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy aei nooi ?eieiaeo, a
ea?aeeiaeueio eiieo a aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiineiao ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a.
Ae?aeaeoe/iee iaoiae a eiiieaen? ?c canoinoaaiiyi iiaeo i?ea?iaeueieo
iaoiaeee aeiiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue aeaa iiaeeea?noue aaoi?o
i?aeoaa?aeeoe aeniiaee iiia?aaeiee?a uiaei iaaeniei? aoaeoeaiino?
canoinoaaiiy iaoiae?a aaei?i?no?aoeaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?iiaiai ?eieo.
Iaoiae i?inoaaiiy a?ae aano?aeoiiai aei eiie?aoiiai aeicaieea a?ae
?ic?iaee caaaeueieo i?eioeei?a ?aaoethaaiiy i?ae?eoe aei eiino?othaaiiy
niaoeeo?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a. Nenoaiiee iaoiae
aeaa iiaeeea?noue i?e ii?aeiaii? iaoai?ci?a ?eieiaiai naii?aaoethaaiiy ?
caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ii?aoethaaoe iaoai?cie
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a ia ia?niaeoeao. Eiioeaioe?y aaoi?nueeiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?iaiicoaaiiy ?eieo ? ?ic?iaee no?aoaa?? oi?aae?iiy
?eieaie aacoaaeanue ia ia?eaoeiaiaeo canaaeao.

Oai?aoe/iith iniiaith aeey aaoi?nueeeo ?ic?iaie iineoaeeee
ooiaeaiaioaeuei? iieiaeaiiy no/anii? aeiiii?/ii? oai???, iaoiaee/i?
i?aeoiaee a?o/eciyieo ? ca?oa?aeieo o/aieo ??cieo /an?a, iaoeiaeo oe?e ?
iai?yi?a c i?iaeai ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee, iaoai?ci?a i?iaiicoaaiiy ?
?aaoethaaiiy ?eie?a. Aeaia aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaoaeiaaia ia aeei?enoaii?
no/anieo iaoiaeee ?inoeoooo aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo Na?oiaiai Aaieo,
a?o/eciyieo iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo onoaiia oa I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie,
?inoeoooo aeiiii?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue i?e I?i?noa?noa? n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa NOA, iaoeiaeo onoaiia Eaiaaee, Iieueu?, Aieaa???, ?in??,
Ocaaeenoaio, aea aaoi?o aeiaiaeeeinue noaaeoaaoeny i?ioyaii 1988-1998
??. Aeena?oaioii a i?ioean? i?aeaioiaee ?iaioe canoiniaai? ??ciiiai?oi?
iaoeia? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy: aaeainiaee, ei?aeyoe?eii-?aa?an?eiee,
noaoenoe/ieo a?oioaaiue, ?iaeaen?a, ?ic?aooieiai-eiino?oeoeaiee; oe?iei
aeei?enoi-ao?oueny neooaoe?eiee oa ooieoe?iiaeueii-?inoeoooe?eiee
aiae?c.

Aaoi?nuee? aace aeaieo noaoenoe/ii? ? a?aeii/i? ?ioi?iaoe?? ii ie?aieo
iiceoe?yo aeena?oaoe?? oa aace caeiiiaeaa/eo ? ii?iaoeaieo aeo?a uiaei
?aaoethaaiiy ca?iiaiai ?eieo ioiieththoue 20-??/iee ia??iae. I?ioa
iniiaiei ia??iaeii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? 90-o? ?iee.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia aeaiiai aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a oiio,
ui aia?oa a Oe?a?i? ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea eiiieaenii? ioe?iee
?acoeueoaoeaiino? aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo. C ??
aeiiiiiaith ioe?iaii aoaeoeai?noue ae?? iaoai?cio ca?iiaiai ?eieo
Oe?a?ie oa caoiae?a eiai ?aaoethaaiiy c aieo aea?aeaae, aeyaeaii
iaaeie?ee ? cai?iiiiiaaii a?eueo aeineiiae? iaoai?cie ooieoe?iioaaiiy
?eie?a i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai ? ian?ii?aiai ca?ia ia iaeaeeae/o,
na?aaeiuei- ? aeiaaino?ieiao ia?niaeoeao.

A i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy aaoi?ii iaea?aeai? ne?aeoth/? ?acoeueoaoe, ye?
aeiinyoueny ia caoeno:

· aeaii aaoi?nueea aecia/aiiy nooiino? ca?iiaeo ?eie?a, aaeaeaaoia
i?aaeiaoo aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy; ?o i?noey ? ?ie? a nenoai?
AIE a oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee;

· ?ic?iaeaia noiniaii Oe?a?ie eia?noe/ia noaia ia?eaoeiaiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? i?iaiicoaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a;

· ooi/iaia nooi?noue aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio; aeiaaaeaia aeioe?euei?noue
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy a caeaaeiino? a?ae oeio ?eie?a,
nooiaiy ?o ?icaeoeo;

· nenoaiaoeciaaii na?oiaee aeina?ae aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee aoe?eiio ? ca?iiaiai ?eieo cie?aia oa oai?aoe/ii aeiaaaeaia
iaaeioe?euei?noue iiaiiai eii?thaaiiy Oe?a?iith /oaeeo iaoai?ci?a;

· noi?ioeueiaai? iaoeia? i?eioeeie oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie aa?ii?iieneiai?
i?iaeoeoe?? ? oiiae aaaaeaiiy ??cieo aeae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy;

· aia?oa ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? aeiiii?/ieo
iaoai?ci?a oa caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ?eie?a ca?ia ?
ca?iii?iaeoeo?a;

· ii?aoeueiaai? iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee uiaei i?iaiicoaaiiy eiithieoo?e
ca?iiaeo ?eie?a, c o?aooaaiiyi yeeo aecia/aii i?iaiice ?eie?a
i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai ca?ia ? ian?iiy aei 2005 ??.;

· anoaiiaeaii iniiai? oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo na?oiaiai ?eieo ca?ia ca
inoaii? aeanyoe??//y ? aeyaeai? ia?niaeoeae ciai?oiuei? oi?a?ae?
Oe?a?ie.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a ne?aeoth/iio:

· ioe?iaii aeiiii?/i? iaoai?cie ?eie?a ca?ia ? ai?ioia, ye?
ooieoe?iioaaee a Oe?a?i? o 90-o ?ieao ? aeyaeaii aocuee? i?noey o
aea?aeaaiiio ?aaoethaaii? oeeo ?eie?a;

· o a?aeiia?aeiino? aei i/?eoaaieo ia?niaeoea eiithieoo?e ia ?eieao, a
caeaaeiino? a?ae nooiaith ?icaeiaiino? inoaii?o, iiaeeeainoae athaeaeaoo
aeey i?aeo?eiee oeo /e ?ioeo aaeocae ii?aoeueiaaii ia?niaeoeai?
iaoai?cie oi?aae?iiy ca?iiaeie ?eieaie aei 2000 ?. oa ia 2005 ?., ye?
iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? ye iniiaa aeey ?ic?iaee no?aoaa?? ?aaoethaaiiy
?eie?a aea?aeaaieie i?aaiaie ? aaeocaaeie no?oeoo?aie;

· aeey ?ic?iaee oaeoeee aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy ca?iiaeie ?eieaie
aeei?enoiaothoueny ei?ioeino?ieia? aaoi?nuee? i?iaiice eiithieoo?e
ca?iiaeo ?eie?a;

· ?ic?iaeaii iieiaeaiiy i?i Aea?aeaaiee ?ioa?aaioe?eiee oiiae
noaa?e?caoe?? ca?iiaiai ?eieo;

· i?aeaioiaeaii c o/anoth aeena?oaioa ? a iine?aeoth/iio oaeineiiaeaii
iei Oeiiaa iieiaeaiiy i?i i?ae?aa?iiaeueiee oa ?aeiiiee aa?ioi?aiaee
ae?i;

· a oiiaao cia/iiai iia??oaiiy athaeaeaoiiai o?iainoaaiiy aea?aeaaieo
?iniaeoe?eieo neoaea aaaeeeaiai cia/aiiy iaaoaa? aaoi?nueea ?ic?iaea
uiaei i?aai?caoe?? ?eieo iineoa ii ni?oiaei?iaoaaiith a nenoai?
Aea?aeaaii? eii?n?? ii aei?iaoaaiith oa ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei Oe?a?ie;

· aaoi?ii i?iiiio?oueny caeiiiaeaa/a aaaaeaiiy nenoaie cai?o ?iyeo?, a
oaeiae cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee/iee i?aeo?ae uiaei aecia/aiiy ?ici???a
ieaoaaeo ca aeei?enoaiiy iiaiai ni?oo, cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aea?aeaaiiai
?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy ?eieo ian?iiy, noai?aiiy
ian?ii?ai-e?aaeeoiiai oiiaeo ;

· ?ic?iaeai? i?iiiceoe?? uiaei noai?aiiy aeeea?nueei? ia?aae?
eiia?ei?iiaeo caaiae?a o n?euenuee?e i?noeaaino?; ?icoe?aiiy
?ioaa?aoe?eieo cayce?a i?ae ae?iaieeaie oo?aaeiiai ca?ia, eiia?ei?iiaeie
caaiaeaie ? oaa?eiieoeueeeie eiiieaenaie.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe?
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo aniaeo?a oi?ioaaiiy oa
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i?, ?aae?caoe?y yeeo ni?eyoeia
i?aeaeuaiith aoaeoeaiino? ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa a iiaeo ?eieiaeo oiiaao.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. O i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue ??ci? oi?ie ai?iaaoe?? iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a:
iaaiai?aiiy ?c niaoe?ae?noaie I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno,
iaeaniiai ? ?aeiiiiai ??ai?a, c ea??aieeaie ainiiaea?noa; ca?oe ia
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e ?aae? I?i?noa?noaa aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie
oa ia i?aea?aeii/eo eii?n?yo; iaoeia? aeiiia?ae? ia neiiic?oiao, aenooie
ia i?aeia?iaeieo nai?ia?ao, e?oaeeo noieao, i?an-eiioa?aioe?yo ?
ia?aaeao. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? i?iaieioai? aaoi?ii ia
iaoeiai-oai?aoe/ieo ? iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo, i?enay/aieo
?icaeoeo ca?iiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, ca?iiaeo ?eie?a oa ?iaanoeoe?ei?e
ae?yeueiino? a aaeocyo AIE (Iaeana,1988 ?.; Ee?a, 1995 ?.; Caii??aeaey,
1997 ?.; Oaoeaio (Ocaaeenoai), 1996 ?.; Iineaa (?O), 1997 ?.; Ee?a, 1997
?.; Oi?iioi, Naneaooi (Eaiaaea), 1997 ?.); ia i?aeia?iaeieo ?
a?o/eciyieo nai?ia?ao, i?enay/aieo i?iaeaiai oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiai?
?io?ano?oeoo?e oa i?iaiicoaaiith aa?a?ieo ?eie?a (Caii??aeaey, 1997;
?aaii-O?aie?anuee, 1997 ?.; Eooeuee, 1997 ?.; Ee?a, ea?oaiue 1998 ?.;
Aa?oaaa (Iieueua), 1996 ?.; Ee?a, aa?anaiue 1998 ?.; Aaoeiaoii (NOA),
/a?aaiue-eeiaiue 1998 ?.) oa ?aoi?iai aa?a?ii? iie?oeee (Ee?a, /a?aaiue
1998 ?.).

Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. ?ic?iaee aaoi?a
iai?aaeyeenue a o?yaeia? no?oeoo?e ? aoee aeei?enoai? i?e i?aeaioiaoe?
Caeiio Oe?a?ie I?i aianaiiy ci?i ? aeiiiaiaiue aei Caeiio Oe?a?inueei?
?N? I?i i??i?eoaoi?noue nioe?aeueiiai ?icaeoeo naea oa aa?ii?iieneiaiai
eiiieaeno a ia?iaeiiio ainiiaea?noa? Oe?a?ie (1992 ?.), iinoaiiae
Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie I?i eiioeaioe?th Iaoe?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie
a?ae?iaeaeaiiy naea ia 1995-2005 ?iee (1994 ?.), Oeaco I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie I?i aea?aeaaia caiiaeaiiy a Oe?a?i? (1992 ?.), Oeaco
I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie I?i caoiaee uiaei ?aoi?ioaaiiy aa?a?ieo a?aeiinei
(1995 ?.), Ii?yaeeo ?ic?aooie?a ca ca?ii, ui ?aae?co?oueny a aea?aeaai?
?ano?ne a 1993 ?. oa eiai iae?eo, iinoaiiae Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie
I?i iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? (1997 ?.), Oeaco
I?aceaeaioa I?i iniiai? iai?yie ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno
Oe?a?ie (1998 ?.). Aaoi?nuee? ?ic?iaee aeei?enoiaoaaeenue i?e
i?iaeooaaii? ca?iiaiai oa?i?iaeo ii?oo I?aaeaiiee. O/anoue iiooeoaa/a o
i?aeaioiaoe? aeieoiaio?a i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny a?aeiia?aeieie aeia?aeeaie.

*anoeia i?iiiceoe?e aeena?oaioa aeiaaaeaia aei noaio ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e,
iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, oeiiaeo iieiaeaiue, caoaa?aeaeaieo
I?i?noa?-noaii AIE Oe?a?ie ? ?aeiiaiaeiaaieo aeey ai?iaaaeaeaiiy.

Oae a ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie aeia?a a?aeii? ? oe?iei canoiniaoaaeenue ia
i?aeoeoe? iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii nei?i/aiith ao?ao ??cieo aeae?a
ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? ia aoaiao a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai i?ioeano, i?aeaioiaeai?
i?ae ea??aieoeoaii ? ca aaciina?aaeiuei? o/ano? aaoi?a. Ia i?ioyc?
aaaaoueio ?ie?a a Eoaainuee?e, Aeiiaoeuee?e, Ee?anuee?e oa ?i. iaeanoyo
oe?iei canoiniaothoueny aaoi?nuee? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ii?yaeeo
?ic?aooie?a oa?eo?a ia ?iaioe oe?aii?eeiaeueieo i?aei?e?inoa ii noooe? ?
i/enooe? ca?ia oa ie?eieo eoeueoo? c i?aeaeuaiith aieia?noth oa
cani?/ai?noth, ye? ?aaeaiaioothoue a?aeiineie i?ae oe?aii?eeiaeueieie ?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeie i?aei?e-?inoaaie. Oe?ieiai ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
a ?aa?iiao ia i?ioyc? 1995-1996 ??. iaaoee Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??
iia?aoeaiiai aecia/aiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ia
i?iaeoeoe?th n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? ia?a?iaii? i?iieneiaino? a
oiiaao ?ioeyoe??, ?ic?iaeai? ca o/anoth iiooeoaa/a. A iaeanoyo aeoeaii
aeei?enoiao?oueny Oeiiaa iieiaeaiiy i?i i?ae?aa?iiaeueiee oa ?aeiiiee
aa?ioi?aiaee ae?i, i?aeaioiaeaia c o/anoth aeena?oaioa.

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue iioae?eiaai? o 60
iaoeiaeo ?iaioao, caaaeueiei ianyaii 55 aaoi?nueeeo a?eoo?a. A oiio
/ene? aaciina?aaeiuei ii oai? aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 48 iaoeiaeo
?ia?o. Na?aae ieo: 6 iaoeiaeo iiiia?ao?e, a o./. aaoi?nueea (18,13
aao. a?e.), 5 iin?aiee?a ? a?ioo?, 14 iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e,
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, eiioeaioe?e; 22 noaoo? o iaoeiaeo aeaeaiiyo oa a
iaoeiai-iiioey?ieo aeo?iaeao.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 358 noi?.
eiiithoa?iiai oaenoo, i?noeoue 37 oaaeeoeue, 19 ?enoie?a, 10
aeiaeaoe?a, aeieoiaioe i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e aeeth/a? 141 iaeiaioaaiiy.

No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe:

Anooi.

?icae?e ?. Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy
?eie?a ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a.

1.1. Aeiiii?/ia nooi?noue ?eieo ? i?noea ca?iiaeo ?eie?a o ?eieia?e
nenoai? Oe?a?ie. 1.2. No?oeoo?a aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ? eiai ?ieue o
oi?ioaaii? oa ooieoe?iioaaii? ?eie?a. 1.3. Iaoiaeieia?y ia?eaoeiaiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oi?aae?iiy ca?iiaeie oa ca?iii?iaeoeoiaeie ?eieaie.
1.4. Iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iiiceoe?? ? iiieoo ia
?eieao ca?ia.

?icae?e ??. ?icaeoie ca?iiaiai ?eieo Oe?a?ie oa oaiaeaioe?? o na?oia?e
oi?a?ae? ca?iii.

2.1. Na?oiaee ?eiie ca?ia ? i?noea Oe?a?ie ia iueiio. 2.2. Oaiaeaioe??
?icaeoeo ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? ? aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a 90-o ?ie?a.
2.3. Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? ? oe?i ia ca?ii ia ??cieo aoaiao
?icaeoeo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.

?icae?e ???. Ioe?iea iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ?eie?a ca?ia ?
ca?iii?iaeoeo?a a Oe?a?i?.

3.1. Caaaeueiiiaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? iaoai?cio
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo oa ?acoeueoaoe oe?iiaiai ?aaoethaaiiy. 3.2.
Iaoe?iiaa ?aaoethaaiiy ? caaaeueia ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? iaoai?ci?a
oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie.

?icae?e ?V. I?iaiic eiithieoo?e ca?iiaeo ?eie?a Oe?a?ie ia
1998/99-2005/06 ia?eaoeiaia? ?iee.

4.1. Iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei i?iaiicoaaiiy ? i?iaiic eiithieoo?e ?eieo
i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia. 4.2. Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo ?eieo ian?iiy ca?iiaeo
eoeueoo?. 4.3. I?iaiic eiithieoo?e ia ?eieo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia.

?icae?e V. Iniaeeaino? aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo
?eie?a Oe?a?ie ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2000-2005 ??.

5.1. Caoiaee ii oi?ioaaiith iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua. 5.2.
Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia. 5.3.
Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ian?iiy ca?iiaeo eoeueoo?.
5.4. Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia.

Aeniiaee.

Nienie aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e.

Aeiaeaoee.

Aeieoiaioe i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Iniiai? iaoeia? ?aea? oa aeniiaee aeena?oaoe??

?icae?e ?. Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae oi?ioaaiiy oa
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eie?a ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a.

Oai??y ? i?aeoeea ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aeiaiaeyoue
ni?aaaaeeea?noue oace i?i oa, ui iaea?eueo i?iaeaiaoe/iith eaieith
a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai i?ioeano noa? i?ioean ia?ao ? naia oa eiai oaca, yea
iiaycaia ?c ?aae?caoe??th oiaa?o. Naia a noa?? ia?ao ( ? ? ??? oac?
e?oaiiai?ioo eai?oaeo) ? oi?io?oueny ?eiie ?ano?n?a oa
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??.

Iiiyooy ?eiie a iaoeia?e e?oa?aoo?? ? iaaecae/aeii aaaaoia?aiiei.
Nenoaiaoecoaaaoe aeinooii? iai aeao?i?oe??, e?eoe/ii ioe?ieaoe ?o,
iiaeia c?iaeoe i?aenoiie, ui oai?aoeee ?aoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee
aeoeaioothoue naith oaaao ia iaoai?ci? naii?aaoethaaiiy; iie?oaeiiiie ?
iae?iaeiiii?noe – ia aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiineiao a i?ioean? iai?io,
ia?eaoieiae – ia i?noe? ?aae?caoe?? /e o/anieeao ?eieiaiai i?ioeano ? o.
?i.

Ie ae, aeoiaey/e ?c i?aaeiaoa iaoiai aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy,
?icaeyaea?ii ?eiie ca?ia, ia?o ca ana, ye iaoai?ci anoaiiaeaiiy ?eieiai?
??aiiaaae a i?ioean? iai?io ? ye noeoii?noue aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei, ui
aeieeathoue i?ae oiaa?iae?iaieeaie ? niiaeeaa/aie c i?eaiaeo
eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo ca?ia.

Ie i?aeo?eio?ii oeo aeiiii?no?a, ye? aaaaeathoue, ui aeineiiaeee ?eiie
– oea oie, ia yeiio caaacia/othoueny ??ai? oiiae aeinooio an?i noa?eoai
aei o/ano? a i?ioean? iai?io, no?aooaaiiy oaiae a?ae o?iainiaeo ?ecee?a,
yeee i?aoeth? ia?aaaaeii a naii?aaoeueiaaiiio ?aaeei?, a ??aiiaaaa
iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??, ui anoaiiaeth?oueny ia iueiio, iaea?eueo
a?aeiia?aea? ?ioa?anai o/aniee?a ?eieiaiai i?ioeano. Iaoai?ci
ooieoe?iioaaiiy oaeiai ?eieo ? iaea?eueo aeaoaaei c caaaeueiiaea?aeaaieo
iiceoe?e, ine?eueee ia iio?aao? aeiaeaoeiaeo eioo?a aeey cae?eniaiiy
?aaoethth/eo caoiae?a. Eiee ae i?e iaai?e eiithieoo?? ??aiiaaaa ia ?eieo
anoaiiaeth?oueny ia oaeiio ??ai?, ui ia aeiaaee /an noa? iani?eyoeeaith
aeey ie?aieo a?oi ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a, ? oea caa?iaeo? cai?oaiiyi ?eieo,
oi aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue o iaoai?ciao ciai?oiueiai aieeao ia ?eiie, ia
eiai eiithieoo?o. *ano?oa anueiai oeth ooieoe?th aa?ooue ia naaa
aea?aeaai? i?aaie ia iae?i- oa ?aa?iiaeueiiio ??aiyo, iaiaaath/enue
?aaoethaaoe ?eiee /a?ac a?aeiineie aeaniino? oa /a?ac oiaa?ii-a?ioia?
a?aeiineie. Inoaii? ia?aaeaa/athoue cai?iaaaeaeaiiy oe?iiaeo,
iiaeaoeiaeo, athaeaeaoieo, aii?oecaoe?eieo, nioe?aeueieo ? aeieia?/ieo
caoiae?a ?aaoethaaiiy. Aiie ? iaea?eueo nooo?aeie ? aecia/aeueieie,
ine?eueee i?aaeea a?e o oeeo a?aeiineiao anoaiiaeththoueny, aieiaiei
/eiii, ia iae?i??ai?. I?aei?e?inoaai aoaeue-yei? oi?ie aeaniino? /e c
aoaeue-yeith i?aai?caoe??th ae?iaieoeoaa aeiaiaeeoueny ?aooaaoeny c
oeeie i?aaeeaie.

A ?acoeueoao? aca?iiae?? ??cieo i?aenenoai aeieea? aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo, yeee ie aecia/a?ii ye noeoii?noue iaoai?ci?a
?eieiaiai naii?aaoethaaiiy oa iaoai?ci?a iiiiiie?noe/iiai ? aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy ?eieii a ?ioa?anao anoaiiaeaiiy ??aiiaaae ia iaea?eueo
aaaeaiiio aeey noa?eo?a ?eieo ??ai?, yeee ae caaacia/oaaa aeeiai?/iee
?icaeoie aaeoc?, ui iinoaaey? oiaa? ia ?eiie, ? noi?aeieo c iath
aaeocae.

A aeena?oaoe?? aeoeaioo?oueny oaaaa ia oiio, ui aoaeue-yea ?aaoethaaiiy
aaco?oueny ia ia?a?iciiae?e? aeioiae?a i?ae a?oiaie ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a
aai ia athaeaeaoieo aeo?aoao. Ia?oa iiaea aooe iiaycaia c iiaeeeaith
i?ioeae??th ie?aieo a?oi aae aei cai?oaiiy ?eieo; ae?oaa – athaeaeaoia
o?iainoaaiiy caoiae?a iiaea neeueii iaiaaeoaaoenue aeao?oeeoii
athaeaeaoo, a oaeiae o??th ianoaaeiith, ui oe? eiooe ??aeei noathoue
iiai?noth ieoiieie, ia /iio iaaieioothoue ?iicaii? aenia?oe ? ui
i?aeoaa?aeaeaii iaoeie ?ic?iaeaie.

Naia /a?ac iaiaaeai?noue athaeaeaoieo eioo?a (a oey i?iaeaia ua,
a??ia?aeii, aeiaai caeeoaoeiaoueny aeooaeueiith aeey Oe?a?ie),
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy aei?iaeo iaoai?ci?a oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie aoaea
iaiiaeeeaei. Aeaeea?oaaiiy i?aeo?eiee a iai?i ia iaiaaeaiiy naiaiaee
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? i?e a?aenooiino? eioo?a aeey
o?iainoaaiiy caoiae?a i?aeo?eiee ? aeaci?aai?coth/ei oaeoi?ii aeey
?eieiaeo noa?eo?a. C iaeyaeo ia oaeo i?e?iaeo ?aaoethaaiiy, aiii ia?
aaiaeeoenue a e?eciaeo aeiiii?/ieo neooaoe?yo aai uia caiia?aaoe ?i.

Aeiiii?/i? e?ece, ye? niinoa??aaeeny ia i?ioyc? OO noi??//y a ??cieo
e?a?iao (NOA, I?ia//ei?, Eeoa?, ssiii??, Iieueu?, e?a?iao NIAe), ie??i
ni?eueii? i?e?iaee -e?ece iiieoo, iaee nai? iniaeeaino?. ??cieie aoee ?
caoiaee uiaei aeaiaeo aeiiii?e ?c oeeo e?ec. E?eca oe?a?inueei?
aeiiii?ee 90-o ?ie?a iei?oiueiai noie?ooy – oea oeeee?/ia e?eca iiieoo,
iaoyaeaia aeiaaino?ieiaeie e?eciaeie yaeuaie (aia?aaoe/ieie,
no?oeoo?ieie, aeieia?/ieie). Aei oiai ae, oea e?eca ia?ao?aeiiai
ia??iaeo iineeaia aeac?ioaa?aoe?eieie i?ioeanaie, ui aeieeee aiane?aeie
?iciaaeo N?N?. Oiio aiia ? aeiyoeiai, ?oei?aiith ? aeiaaio?eaaeith,
i?ioa, ye ? aoaeue-yea ?ioa, ia iiaea aooe aace?ia/iith.

An? ?eiee, an? aaeoc? a?ae/oaathoue ia nia? ae?th oe??? e?ece. Iniaeeai
oyaeeith aiia aeyaeeany aeey aaeocae aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno. Iaeiae,
ooeath/e aeo?ae ?c oe??? e?ece a aea?aeaaiiio ?aaoethaaii?, ne?ae
iaiyoaoe, ui i?aeoeea iaoai?/iiai ia?aianaiiy aeaiaio?a /oaeiai
aeina?aeo ?aaoethaaiiy aeiiii?ee oa ie?aieo ?eie?a ia oa?aie iaoi?
e?a?ie aac a?aooaaiiy niaoeeo?ee iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee, neeaaeiiu?a ?
oa?aeoa?o, eiie?aoieo oiia ?icaeoeo ?eie?a ? iaaaoeaiith ?
aacia?niaeoeaiith. Ia i?aenoaa? aeine?aeaeaiue aaoi? ?iaeoue aeniiaie
i?i oa, ui ?aaoethaaiiy ia oeo /e ?ioeo ?eieao iaoi? e?a?ie ia?
aaiaeeoenue ia oiio, ui aiii caae?yia a ?ioeo e?a?iao, ? iaa?oue ia
oiio, ui aiii oai aoaeoeaia, a oiio ui aiii iaiao?aeia aeey
noaa?e?caoe?? oa ?icaeoeo oiai /e ?ioiai a?o/eciyiiai ?eieo, aeoiaey/e c
ia?niaeoea eiithieoo?e ? c oiai, ui aeey eiai aaaaeaiiy ? aeinoaoi?
oiiae ? iiaeooue aooe aeae?eai? eiooe a athaeaeao?. I?e oiio, ui ia?eoe
?aaoethaaiiy (ianyae iiieoo, ?iaanoeoe?eiee i?ioean) oa iaa??
iaeaaaeeea?oeo ?ino?oiaio?a ?aaoethaaiiy (a?ioiai-e?aaeeoia iie?oeea
aea?aeaae, athaeaeaoia ?aaoethaaiiy oa caoiaee i?yiiai aaei?i?no?oaaiiy)
caeeoathoueny i?aeoe/ii iaci?iieie c /an?a Ae.Eaeina, aeey iiaeieaiiy
oeeee?/ieo e?ec iiieoo eiiiiioaaiiy oeeo caoiae?a ?aaoethaaiiy o
nenoaio, aeiiiaiaiiy ?o niaoeeo?/ieie caoiaeaie iiaea noai?thaaoe
??ciiiai?oi?noue iaoai?ci?a aeey ??cieo ?eie?a.

Ca?iiaee, ye ? ?io? ?eiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??,
ooieoe?iio? ia aaoiiiiii, a a iaaiiio aeiiii?/iiio iae?ina?aaeiaeu?, a
o?niiio ii?aeiaii? c ?ioeie. Naia oiio ea?aeeiaeuei? ci?ie a aeiiii?/i?e
iie?oeoe? ia iae?i- oa aaeocaaiio ??aiyo nooo?ai aieeaathoue ia eiai
ooieoe?iioaaiiy, ia aoaeoeai?noue ?icaeoeo aaeocae, ye? ianeoaiaothoue
eiai. Aei oiai ae, ca?iiaee ?eiie a neeo eiai aeniei?
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? cia/eiino? aeey Oe?a?ie o?aaeeoe?eii
aaaaea?oueny ia?eoii iniaeeai? oaaae o?yaeiaeo no?oeoo? ? ia?eoii
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy. Nooue inoaiiueiai caiaeeeanue aei oiai, uia
na?eicii i?aeo?eioaaoe aaeocue ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa, ye oaeo, ui
caaacia/oaaea iaiiaiaiiy athaeaeaoo ? ae?yeuei?noue noi?aeieo aaeocae, a
c ?ioiai aieo i?aeo?eioaaany iiieo e?ioeaaiai niiaeeaa/a ca ?aooiie
oo?eiaiiy aeineoue iecueeeo oe?i ia oe?aii?iaeoeoe, /anoi ca ?aooiie
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ia.

Ca?iiaee aa?aaaoeaiee ?eiie iaiaeii??aeiee, a?i neeaaea?oueny c ?eie?a:
i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai ? ca?ia aeey i?iieneiai? ia?a?iaee, a
oaeiae ?eieo ian?iiy. ?eiee, i?e?iaeii, a?ae??ciythoueny iaeei a?ae
iaeiiai, ianaiia?aae oei, yeee oiaa? ia ieo i?iiiio?oueny, oiaoi ca
ia?eoii iai?iieo iia?aoe?e (?en. 1). Eiaeiee ?eiie ia? naith niaoeeo?eo
?icaeoeo, oi?ioaaiiy eiithieoo?e, nooi?iue cia/eiino? aeey iaoe??, a
a?aeoae ? iaoiaee ?aaoethaaiiy ?o, oi/ ? iiaeooue iaoe aaaaoi
ni?eueiiai, oa ia aoaeooue iiai?noth ?aeaioe/ieie.

Aaoi? aaaaea?, ui aeiiii?/i? iaoai?cie iathoue ?ic?iaeyoeny eiiieaenii,
aeey eiie?aoieo ?eie?a, ia iaaio ia?niaeoeao, c o?aooaaiiyi i?iaiico
?eieiaiai oiaa?iia?ao.

?ic?iaoe? iaoai?ci?a oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie ia? ia?aaeoaaoe aeaoaeueiee
aiae?c ? i?iaiic eiithieoo?e ia eiie?aoiiio ?eieo, ?ic?iaea oaeoeee ?
no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo ??cieo aaeocae. Oiae eia?oe? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?eie?a
aa?a?ii? i?iaeoeoe??, ? a o./. ca?iiaeo, iaea?eueo a?aeiia?aea?
ia?eaoeiaiaee i?aeo?ae, ye oaeee, ui ?icaeyaea? an? oe? ieoaiiy o
a?aeiia?aei?e eia?/i?e oaycoe? ? eiiieaenii.

Aaoi?ii ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iiiceoe??
oa noia?iiai iiieoo ia ?eieao ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a, a o./. a?aooaaiiy
aaaaoi??aiaaino? oi?ioaaiiy iiieoo ii eaioethao, yeee neeaaea? iaeei c
iaeaaaeeea?oeo iai?yie?a aeo?a/aiiy ca?ia: oe?aii?iaeoeoe – ai?ioii –
i?iaeiaieue/a ca?ii. Anoaiiaeaia iaoaiaoe/ia caeaaei?noue iiieoo ia oe?a
? oe?aiaoei/i? ae?iae a?ae oe?ie ca ia??iae 1991-1997 ??. (?en.2),
ca?aeii yei? ?c c?inoaiiyi oe?ie ia oe? aeaee oiaa??a, niiaeeaaiiy ?o
iaaea?.

Eiao?oe??ioe aeanoe/iino? iiieoo ia oe?aii?iaeoeoe a?ae aeioiae?a
ianaeaiiy, ?ic?aoiaai? ii a?oiao, iieacaee, ui a oe?eiio aeanoe/i?noue
iaaeniea, aea iaeaeuith aoea a a?oiao naia ?c na?aaei?ie aeioiaeaie
(eiao?oe??io A aei??aithaaa 0,22-0,41). Oe? a?oie ? iaea?eueo /eneaiieie
a iao?e e?a?i?, oiae ?o aieea ia ci?ie a noeoiiiio iiieo? ia
oe?aii?iaeoeoe aoaea a iaeaeeae/?e

ia?niaeoea? iaea?eueo a?ae/ooiei. I?e a?aeiini?e iaaeanoe/iino? ii
aeioiaeao (A = 0,07) oe?aii?iaeoeoe ca iei?oi?o oiia a Oe?a?i?
ia?aoai?eeenue ciiao ia ii?iaeueiee oiaa?, oiaoi oaeee, niiaeeaaiiy
yeiai iiceoeaii ?aaao? ia c?inoaiiy aeioiae?a. Oea ? na?ae/aiiyi
a?aeiino? cia/ii? iane ianaeaiiy e?a?ie ? oiai, ui aea?aeaaa ia?
noeioethaaoe e?ioeaaee iiieo ianaeaiiy, uia ia?iuoaaoe i?iiiceoe?th ia
?eieo oe?aii?iaeoeo?a, a a e?ioeaaiio i?aenoieo ? i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia.
I?ioa, yeui aiia ? iaaeae? i?iaeiaaeoaaoeia ?iaeoe oea ca ?aooiie
oiaa?iae?iaieea, oi aeinyaoe i?ia?ano o ca?iiaiio ainiiaea?noa? aoaea
iaiiaeeeai. Neooaoe?y eeoa iia??oeoueny.

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4C???

???/???????????????????????????????AAA?AUeA?¦E??
”””)))UUUMMMBBB999y|?yPPOe?“IiyiOeAEccOe©?en. 2.
Caeaaei?noue iiieoo ia oe?a ? oe?aiaoei/i? ae?iae a?ae oe?ie

Ei?aeoi?noue aeeeaaeaieo oai?aoe/ieo iieiaeaiue oa i?eiouaiue
i?aeoaa?aeeeanue ?acoeueoaoaie aaoi?nueeiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.

Ca?iiaee ?eiie aeey Oe?a?ie ia? iniaeeaa cia/aiiy, a ca?iiaa aaeocue ?
iaei??th c iaea?eueo aaaeeeaeo aeey ?? aeiiii?ee. Oe?a?inueea ca?ii ?
ai?ioii – iaaaaaoi/enaeuei? i?eaooeia? ? eiieo?aioini?iiiaei? ia
na?oiaiio ?eieo oiaa?e. I?aeoe/ii an? iio?aae aea?aeaae a
ca?iii?iaeoeoe?? caaeia?eueiythoueny ca ?aooiie aioo??oiueiai
ae?iaieoeoaa ca?ia. An? aeaee ca?iiaeo, a iniaeeai i?iaeiaieue/a ca?ii ?
ian?iiy, ? ? aoaeooue caeeoaoeny aeey Oe?a?ie no?aoaa?/ii aaaeeeaeie
aenii?oieie oiaa?aie.

?icae?e ??. ?icaeoie ca?iiaiai ?eieo Oe?a?ie oa oaiaeaioe?? o na?oia?e
oi?a?ae? ca?iii.

Ca?iiaa aaeocue Oe?a?ie, yea iaiiaith? ca?iia? ?eiee, ia?aaeeaa? ca?ac
aeaeaei ia e?au? /ane, oi/ ie ? ia ? aeiyoeii o na?o?.

I?ney iniaeeai ni?eyoeeaeo aeey ca?iiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa 1985-1990 ??. ?
?aei?aeieo ca o?iaeayie 1990 ? 1992 ??. niaae ? noaaiaoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa ca?ia niinoa??aaeeny o anueiio na?o? aei naiiai 1997 ?.
Iaeiae oie niaae ia ia?aaeuoaaa 3-4 % aaeiaeo cai??a a oe?eiio ii ca?io,
ii ioaieoe? – 8 % ? ii ei?iiaiio ca?io – 6 %. Caaaeyee
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiio i?ia?ano a?eueoino? e?a?i aaeaeiny iiaeieaoe cano?e,
? aaea 1997 ??e noaa ?aei?aeiei ii ae?iaieoeoao ca?ia o na?o?.

Iaoa e?eca aeyaeeany aeeaoith ? a?eueo caoyaeiith. Na?aeioeoaii ?? ?:
iaae?iiy aaeiaeo cai??a ca?ia ? o?iaeaeiino?, ui i?ia?ano? c ii/aoeo
90-o ?ie?a, cia/i? ia?aiaaee o?iaeaeiino? ii ?ieao, iia??oaiiy yeino?
ca?ia. Ca oeae ia??iae ao?a/aii 2,5-2,7 ioieo?a eeaeeiaeie, ioaieoeue
?-?? eeano a inoaii? ?iee cian?i ia noaei, a ieoiia aaaa ???-?V eeano,
ui eeaneo?eothoueny ye i?iaeiaieue/a ca?ii, ?c 83 % o 1986-1990 ?.
iiieceeanue aei 54-60 % o 1996-1997 ??., i?aeoe/ii ia ae?iuothoueny
oaa?ae? ioaieoe?, iia??oeeanue ye?noue ? ?ioeo aeae?a ca?iiaeo.

Ia a?aei?io a?ae na?oiaeo iieaciee?a, na?aaeiuei??/iee aae ca 1991-1998
??. ciaioeany ii??aiyii c 1986-1990 ??. ia 26 %. Ca ??aiai aaeiaeo
cai??a ca?ia o 90-o ?ieao e?a?ia iiaa?ioeany

1. Iniiai? iieacieee ae?iaieoeoaa ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?

ca 1966-1998 ??. (an? eaoaai??? ainiiaea?noa)

Ieiua, iei aaO?iaeaei?noue, oe/aaAe?iaieoeoai, iei oiii

(o aac? i?ney aei?iaee)?ieeCa?iia?a oiio /ene?:Ca?iia?a oiio
/ene?:Ca?iia?a oiio /ene?:? ca?ii-

aiaia? – anueiaiioa-ieoey iceiay/-i?iue y?eeeoeo-?oaeca? ca?ii-

aiaia? – anueiaiioa-ieoey iceiay/-i?iue y?eeeoeo-?oaeca? ca?ii-

aiaia? – anueiaiioa-ieoey iceiay/-i?iue
y?eeeoeo-?oaeca1966-197015,66,92,62,120,823,019,327,532,515,85,05,91971-
197516,26,93,42,124,027,621,927,738,919,27,55,91976-198016,57,24,21,525,
129,123,129,041,521,29,64,41981-198516,06,83,12,223,426,421,329,837,918,
16,76,51986-199015,56,53,12,130,636,428,135,247,423,58,87,31991-199514,0
5,83,61,227,532,027,024,838,518,49,62,9199612,55,73,20,719,623,216,827,4
24,613,35,31,8199714,56,33,31,624,528,519,132,635,518,16,45,31998
(iiia?aaeiuei)

13,4

5,7

3,5

1,0

21,2

27,0

17,3

24,9

28,4

15,3

6,0

2,5o 60-o? ?iee ? noaa?e?caoe?y i?ioean?a iiee ui ia i?ine?aeeiao?oueny
(oaae. 1). Na?aaeiuei??/iee aaeiaee ca?? ca 1991-1995 ??. neeaa 38,5
iei. o, ca o?e inoaii? ia ia?aaeueoue 29 iei o.

A 90-o ?ieao o cayceo c oei, ui ??cei nei?ioeeinue aianaiiy i?ia?aeueieo
? i?aai?/ieo aeia?ea, iineeeany aieea iani?eyoeeaeo iiaiaeieo oiia ia
o?iaeaei?noue, iii?oi?oei noaa ?? ia?aiaae ii ?ieao (?en.3).
Iia??oothoueny ? aeiiii?/i? iieacieee o ca?iiaiio
ainiiaea?noa?

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yyy????!?F????v©Yq????F????yyy????????????
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???u??????????”????-??????????F????????????F????
uoy???????en. 3. Aeeiai?ea oaeoe/ii? ? ae??aiyii? ca iaoiaeii iaeiaioeo

eaaae?ao?a o?iaeaeiino? ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?

(oaae. 2). Iaaea? i?eaooie ia 1 oiiio ca?ia, ? cieaeo?oueny
?aioaaaeuei?noue. sseui a aei?ioeyoe?eiiio (1986-1990 ??.) ia??iae?
na?aaei?e ??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino? ca?ia neeaaeaa 155 %, o 1992-1994 ??.
ooo/ii caaeuaiee ??aaiue aeinya 346-214 %, oi a 1997 ?. a?i iionoeany
aei 37 %, a a 1998 ?. i/?eo?oueny ?aei?aeii iecueeee – a iaaeao 11 %.
I?e/eiith oiio – caaaeueiee e?eciaee noai a aeiiii?oe? aa?ii?iieneiaiai
eiiieaeno, yeee iio?aiea i?ae ae?th e?ece 90-o ?ie?a. Aiia i?ecaaea aei
?ioeyoe?? ? nooo?ai iia??oeea aa?o?ni? i?iii?oe?? i?ae n?euenueeei
ainiiaea?noaii oa ?ioeie aaeocyie AIE. A ?acoeueoao? oeueiai c
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? ca?iiai? aaeoc? cie?aia aeieo? ia?aia?
eiooe, a?aeaoeiny noa??iiy iniiaieo oiiae?a, ca?iiae?iaieoeoai
ia?aoai?eeinue ia aeiii?a aeey ?ioeo aaeocae, ui e ni?e/eieei aei
ia?aoiaeo ia aenoaineai? oaoiieia?? c on?ia iaaaoeaieie iane?aeeaie. A
?acoeueoao? cieaeaiiy i?e?iaeiiai iioaioe?aeo ?iaeth/ino? oe?a?inueeeo
/i?iicai?a ? aeenia?eoaoo oe?i i?ae oiaa?aie ? oa ?? noa?e AIE, ui ia
iineaaeth?oueny ai?iaeiaae inoaii?o ?ie?a, iaoa ca?ii caei?iae/oaaeiny ?
ao?a/aei o yeino? (iaaiei aeeeth/aiiyi noaa 1998 ?.). Oea noai?eei
i?iaeaie c ?aae?caoe??th i?iaeoeoe?? ia aioo??oiueiio ? ciai?oiueiio
?eieao. Ca oiiae cieaeaiiai iiieoo o 1997 ?. neeaeeny aaeee? ia?ao?aei?
caiane ca?ia (iniaeeai oo?aaeiiai), ye? oenioee ia oe?iiao eiithieoo?o,
caeaath/e oe?ie, noai?thth/e i?iaeaie o aenii?oieo iia?aoe?yo.

Oiaa?i?noue ca?ia, yea caeeoa?oueny iaeiei c iaaaaaoueio i?eaooeiaeo
oiaa??a, oi/ ? ia ciaioeeanue ca oe? ?iee (ciaoiaeeoueny a iaaeao 51-57
%), aea ianyae caaaeueii? ?aae?caoe?? ca?ia a ie?ai? ?iee (1995, 1996)
iioneaeeny aei 13 iei o i?ioe 19 iei o o 1990 ?., noai?thth/e i?iaeaie
?c caaacia/aiiyi ca?iii iio?aa e?a?ie, iniaeeai – oo?aaeiei.

A oae? ?iee ?eiie eeoiiaieoue a?ae aeao?oeeoo i?iiiceoe??, oa
iacaaaeath/e ia oei/aniao ne?ooo ? aeiiii?/i? iaaa?acaee, noaiiaeua a
ca?iia?e aaeoc? ia ? aaciaae?eiei, ine?eueee, caeeoath/enue i?eaooeiaei
? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiei, ca?iiae?iaieoeoai iiaea aooe ?iaanoeoe?eii
cia/ii i?eaaaeea?oei, i?ae oaa?eiieoeoai ? ?io? ?ineeiieoeuee? aaeoc?.

2. Aoaeoeai?noue ae?iaieoeoaa ca?ia

a ainiiaea?noaao noni?eueiiai naeoi?a Oe?a?ie

? i e eIiaia nia?aa?-o?noue 1 oNa?aaeiy oe?ia 1 o

ii an?o eaiaeaoI?eaooie

ia 1 o?aioaaaeue-i?noue, %1986-1990 a na?aaeiueiio, e?a

75,3

193,6

118,3

155,71990, e?a79,5298,1218,6275,11991, e?a145,2387,0241,8166,41992,
e?a1985,28859,86874,6346,31993, oen.e?a78,7362,82841,1361,31994,
oen.e?a710,02240,01530,0214,21995, oen.e?a5556,08960,03404,061,31996,
a?i101,3166,765,464,61997, a?i125,3171,846,537,11998, a?i
(iiia?aaeiuei)139,2154,615,410,7

Ine?eueee ae iio?e ?iaanoeoe?e (aioo??oi?o ? ciai?oi?o) o ana ua
i?eaooeiao aaeocue caeeoa?oueny iacia/iei ? ca?iiaa ainiiaea?noai
Oe?a?ie iani?iiiaeia aeineoue aeiaaee /an ?ioaineo?eoaaoeny, aaoi? iaea
i?aenoaae aeey a?iioaoe/iiai i?eiouaiiy uiaei iecueei? aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?iiy aaeoccth.

Oey a?iioaca cyaeeany ye iane?aeie aeaoaeueiiai aiae?co iaoai?cio
oi?ioaaiiy aa?oino? ? oe?i ia ca?ii ca ??cieo oi?i aea?aeaaieo
caaio?aaeue i?ioyaii 60-90-o ?ie?a ? iniaeeai aeaoaeueii – c ii/aoeo
90-o, eiee a Oe?a?i? ii/aany ia??iae noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui naia /a?ac iie?oeeo ?aaoethaaiiy oe?i ?
iaiayceiaeo iinoaaie ca?ia, noeioee aei ?o ?icoe?aiiy, caaaeyee yeei
cae?enithaaany i?yiee aieea ia oe?iiao eiithieoo?o ?eieo, aea?aeaaa
ae??ooaaea aeiiii?/i? i?iaeaie oe??? aaeoc?, a ?acii c oei ? aea?aeaai?.
I?e noaa?euei?e aeiiii?oe? aiia iaea aeey oeueiai aeineoue cia/i? noie
eioo?a a athaeaeao?. Aaiethoe?y ia?aoiaeo a?ae aaei?i?no?aoeaieo
iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy aei ?eieiaeo iaea?eueo iiaii i?ine?aeeiao?oueny ia
i?eeeaae? iie?oeee oe?iiooai?aiiy ia ca?ii. O 90-o ?ieao a?aeaoeenue
na?eici? ci?ie a iaoiaeao oi?aae?iiy aeiiii?eith ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa
(e?aa?ae?co?oueny oi?a?aey, a?aei?iaii aea?aecaiiaeaiiy, a?ae?eoee a
?noi??th o?eniaai?, i???ioiai? caeoi?aaeuei? oe?ie, ?iaeeeaoi?ii
noathoue a??aeia? ? na?oia?). Oa e?eoe/ii? iane oeeo, aoe?eiio
i?ia?aneaieo ci?i, aeyaeeiny iaaeinoaoiuei aeey aeeiai?/iiai ?icaeoeo
ca?iiaiai ?eieo a oiiaao iaaeath/i? eiithieoo?e, o?iainiai-aeiiii?/ii?
ne?ooe ? iacaaeia?eueieo oiia aeey oi?a?ae?. Oie noai, o yeiio a aeaiee
/an iieieeiny n?euenueea ainiiaea?noai ? eiai i?ia?aeia aaeocue –
ca?iiae?iaieoeoai, cia/iith i??ith, ? ?acoeueoaoii iie?oeee
iaiine?aeiaieo ?aoi?i a AIE; oiai ui ca?iiaa ainiiaea?noai i?aoethaaei
an? oe? ?iee a ?ioiio ?aaeei?, i?ae aaeoc?-noi?aeieee; iane?aeeii
caa?aaeaiiy aaei?i?no?aoeaieo caoiae?a ?aaoethaaiiy ia oii? cia/iiai
ciaioaiiy aea?aeaaieo aeioaoe?e, iaae??oaiino? ieoaiue oi?ioaaiiy iiai?
?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e.

?icae?e ???. Ioe?iea iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ?eie?a ca?ia ?
ca?iii?iaeoeo?a a Oe?a?i? ?ice?eaa? ianooaae aea?aeaaieo aeo?ao ia
?aaoethaaiiy ?eieo, ?o no?oeoo?o oa aoaeoeai?noue aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio a ??ci? ia??iaee 90-o ?ie?a.

Iiooeoaa/ai aia?oa a Oe?a?i? aoea ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee
aoaeoeaiino? aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a, i?eaeaoia aeey aoaeue-yeeo ?eie?a.
Ca?aeii ia? aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci anoaiiaeaiiy ??aiiaaae ia ?eieo
ni?eeiaany ye ?acoeueoao iaeii/anii? ae?? iaoai?ci?a ?eieiaiai
naii?aaoethaaiiy oa caoiae?a aieeao aea?aeaae ? iiiiiie?e ia ?eieiao
eiithieoo?o.

Iaoai?ci aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy ?eieaie ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a
?icaeyaeaany ye noeoii?noue caoiae?a oe?iiaiai ? iaoe?iiaiai
?aaoethaaiiy, iai?aaeaieo ia ni?eyiiy aai iaiaaeaiiy ae?yeueiino? iaaieo
a?oi ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a. Aoaeue-yeee eiiieaeniee iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy
?eieo ia? aa?o?noue, yea aecia/a?oueny a iaoiaeeoe? ye ??cieoey eioo?a
aeeaaeaieo o ?aaoethaaiiy oa aeeo/aieo a ?acoeueoao? i?yiiai /e
i?eoiaaiiai iiiaeaoeoaaiiy noa?eo?a:

?Aiao? = Aa? – AA??,

aea:?Aiao? -?aaeueia aa?o?noue ?-ai iaoai?cio;Aa? -noia
athaeaeaoieo eioo?a, aeo?a/aieo ia ??cieo ??aiyo aeey ?aaoethaaiiy
?-oiai ?eieo;AA?? -aa?o?noue i?yieo aeo?ao oa ao?ao aeueoa?iaoeaieo
iiaeeeainoae, caaaeaieo ?aaoethaaiiyi ia ?eieo ?-ai aeaeo oiaa?o.
A?aeiinia aoaeoeai?noue aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aeey oiaa?iae?iaiee?a (/e
?ioeo a?oi noa?eo?a) aecia/a?oueny ye aeiaeaoeiaee ??aaiue aeioiae?a,
io?eiaiee a ?acoeueoao? ni?eyoeeai? eiithieoo?e ? caoiae?a i?aeo?eiee o
oe?iao aioo??oiueiai ?eieo, ni?aa?aeianaiee c aeiaeaoeiaei ??aiai
aeioiae?a ca na?oiaeie oe?iaie.

Oi?ioea, iaaaaeaia ieae/a, oa?aeoa?eco? aoaeoeai?noue caoiae?a
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ?eieo. Ca?aeii ia? io?eiaiee oiiaiee aeioiae
ia 1 o ?aae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe?? ae?eeoueny ia aeo?aoe (ia 1 o) ii
?aaoethaaiith:

(AeAa? – AeAn?Ai)+ IIE? – AB??

A?aa? = —————————-,

(A?ai – A?ni)+ IIE?

aea:A?aa?-aoaeoeai?noue caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ?eieo;AeAia
, AeAn i-aeiaeaia aa?o?noue o aioo??oi?o ? na?oiaeo
oe?iao;IIE?-iaoe?iiaee ia?a?iciiae?e eioo?a;Eo- iai?iiee
eo?n;BB??-aa?o?noue i?yieo ao?ao oa ao?ao aeueoa?iaoeaieo iiaeeeainoae,
caaaeaieo ?aaoethaaiiyi;A?a?, A?n?-aa?o?noue ?ano?n?a o aioo??oi?o ?
na?oiaeo oe?iao. A iaoiaeeoe? aeei?enoiaothoueny ye aeiiii?aei? oaeiae
/ioe?e i?ioaeoe?ei? iieacieee (iii?iaeueiee, ae?eniee, aea?aaeaio
aeioaoe?? ae?iaieeo, ?aaeueiee iieaciee), ui caiice/ai? c iaoiaeeee
Na?oiaiai Aaieo ii aecia/aiith i?ioaeoe?ii?nonueeiai aieeao aea?aeaae ia
?eiie, yea aaeaiooaaeanue o a?aeae?eaii? oe?iiooai?aiiy oa eiithieoo?e
?eieo ?AA OAAI ca aaciina?aaeiuei? o/ano? aeena?oaioa.

C canoinoaaiiyi noai?aii? iiooeoaa/ai iaoiaeeee aoei aecia/aii
aoaeoeai?noue iaoai?ci?a ca?iiaiai ?eieo, ui canoiniaoaaeenue o ??ci?
ia??iaee i?ioyaii 90-o ?ie?a (1994, 1995 – a ?iciae ?ioeyoe?eieo
i?ioean?a oa a 1997 ?., eiee ?ioeyoe?y aoea nooo?ai i?ecoieiaia).

Caaaeueia aa?o?noue caoiae?a ii ?aaoethaaiith ?eieo ioaieoe?, ye
??cieoey aeeaaeaieo athaeaeaoieo eioo?a ? aeeo/aieo o ii?yaeeo i?yiiai
oa i?eoiaaiiai iiiaeaoeoaaiiy, ca iaoeie ?ic?aooieaie o 1994 ?. neeaea
noio, ui aea?aaeaioia 808 iei aeie. NOA, a 1995 ?. – 467 iei, a a 1997
?. – 513 iei aeiea??a.

I?e oeueiio ?ici?? aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee aeinyaaa, a?aeiia?aeii, a
?ic?aooieo ia 1 o ?aae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe?? 104, 50, 53 aeiea?e NOA i?e
na?aaei?e oe?i? ?aae?caoe?? a ainiiaea?noaao 53,57 oa 105 aeie. (oaae.
3). Caaaeyee oeueiio i?iaeoeoe?y caeeoaeany ?aioaaaeueiith. Aea an?
caoiaee i?aeo?eiee ia ia?ae?eaaee iaaeiai?o eioo?a a i?ioean?
?aae?caoe?? /a?ac oe?io (iniaeeai oea aoei oa?aeoa?ii aeey 1995 ?., eiee
eiooe ia ?aaoethaaiiy cieceeenue ia o?aoeio ?, aoaeo/e aeae?eai? aeey
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa, iio?aieyee a a?eueoino? aei iueiai ia i?yii,
a /a?ac oiaa?e ? noa?e AIE). Ca iaoeie a?aenoaaeaiiyie o 1994-1997 ??. a
no?oeoo?? iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ia?aaaaeaee caoiaee ii i?aeo?eioe?
caeoi?aaeue iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ieo ?ano?n?a aeey naea (36-55 %),
iaaeaiiy i?eueaiaeo a?ioiaeo ? iaoa??aeueieo e?aaeeo?a i?ae
aea?aecaiiaeaiiy ? e?aaeeooaaiiy eaiaeeaaeaiue (30-50 %), ciyooy IAeA c
ca?ia, ui ?aae?ciaoaaeinue o aea?ae?ano?ne (7-11 %), eiiiainaoe?y
o?ainii?oieo aeo?ao ii ca?io, ui ?aae?coaaeanue a ?aooiie
aea?aecaiiaeaiiy (1-3 %); a inoaii? ?iee ne?eoith oi?iith e?aaeeooaaiiy
noaee ia?ic?aooiee naeyi c aea?aeaaith ca io?eiai? aaaine (aei 20 %).
Iaeii/anii ?nioaaea nenoaia caai?ii, iiiaeaoeoaaiue. A no?oeoo??
caoiae?a iiiaeaoeoaaiiy ia?aaaaeaee iaa/ani? ?ic?aooiee aea?aeaae ca
io?eiaia a?ae oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ii a ?aooiie aea?aecaiiaeaiiy (14-69
%) ? ia?aaeuaiiy iina?aaeieoeueei? ia?ae? iaae na?oiaith. Naia /a?ac
caai?iie ia aea?c i?iaeoeoe??, /a?ac neaa? iaae/ee o aenii?oi?e
oi?a?ae?, /a?ac ??ci? aeaee iiiaeaoeoaaiiy oiaa?iae?iaieea, /a?ac oa,
ui aeae?eai? a athaeaeao? eiooe ia caaaeaee aeioiaeeee aei iueiai,
aeiaeaoeia? aeioiaee a?ae ?aaoethaaiiy ciaiooaaeeny. O 1995 ?. aoaeo
a?ae iueiai acaaae? aeyaeany iaaaoeaiei. Ieoii?noue caoiae?a
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy aei??aithaaea o 1994 ?. – 0,18, o 1995 –
(-1,58), o 1997 ?. – 0,66.

A?aeiiniee iieaciee aoaeoeaiino? aeey oiaa?iae?iaieea ye ?acoeueoao
aca?iiae?? eiithieoo?e aioo??oiueiai ? ciai?oiueiai ?eie?a, aieeao
iiiiiie?ciaaieo ianeoaiaoth/eo no?oeoo? ? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ia
?eiie ii i??? iaiaaeaiiy ?aaoethth/eo caoiae?a o 1997 ?. aeaui
iie?aueany, aea i?e oeueiio ana ua ae?thoue ia?aiiie aeey aoaeoeaii?
oi?a?ae? ia i?noeyo, ia ciaioo?oueny aa?oa?, ? aeiaaeueiith
caeeoa?oueny i?iaeaia aeenia?eoaoo i?ae n?euenueeei ainiiaea?noaii ?
iinoa/aeueieeaie ?ano?n?a o aaeocue.

3. Aoaeoeai?noue caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy

oa iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia ioaieoe? a Oe?a?i?

o 1994-1997 ??., aeie. NOA ia 1 oiiio

Iieacieee? i e e199419951997Oe?ia ia ei?aeii? (FOB Iaeana,
???ee.)180149145Aea?aaeaio oe?ie ia ei?aeii?

ainiiaea?noaa (??? ee.)

117

96

113Na?aaeiy ?aae?caoe?eia oe?ia

a ainiiaea?noaao (??? ee.)

53

57

105Nia?aa?o?noue152465??cieoey i?ae aea?aaeaioiith ? na?aaeiueith
oe?iith ?aae?caoe?? a ainiiaea?noaao

64

39

8?ici?? aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee1045053 a oiio /ene?: oe?iiai?241819
iaoe?iiai?803234Aeiaeaoeiaee ??aaiue aeioiaeo
ainiiaea?noa a?ae ?aaoethaaiiy

19

-79

35Ieoii?noue caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy0,18-1,580,66A?aeiiniee
iieaciee aoaeoeaiino? iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo aeey
oiaa?iae?iaieea

0,57

-0,76

0,64A neeo oeeo i?e/ei ca?iiaa ainiiaea?noai ? iaaeae? iio?aaoaaoeia
aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee, i?ioa iaoai?cie aeiaaaeaiiy ?? aei naeyieia
iathoue aooe a?eueo ?aoe?iiaeueieie. Aea?aeaaa ia iiaeiia neiaoaaoe
?i?oe?aoeao oiaa?iae?iaieea, caycoth/e eiai ??ciiai ?iaeo eiio?aeoaie
iaiayceiaeo iinoaaie i?iaeoeoe?? ii o?eniaaieo oe?iao. A iiaeo oiiaao
ainiiaea?thaaiiy aea?aeaaa ia? ni?eyoe an?ia caniaaie oiio, uia naeyiei
a?eueo aoaeoeaii aeei?enoiaoaaa iioaioe?ae eiithieoo?e aioo??oiueiai ?
ciai?oiueiai ?eieo aeey i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ca?iiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa. Eiooe ae, ye? aeae?eai? a athaeaeao?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio oiaa?iae?iaieeia? iathoue aaciina?aaeiuei
iai?aaeyoeny eiio, a ia /a?ac i?aei?e?inoaa ?ioeo aaeocae, ai aoaeo
oaei? i?aeo?eiee aeey naea aeoaea iecueeee.

?icae?e ?V. I?iaiic eiithieoo?e ca?iiaeo ?eie?a Oe?a?ie ia
1998/99-2005/06 ia?eaoeiaia? ?iee. A?aoiaoth/e aenieee nooi?iue
?ia?oe?eiino? i?ioean?a a AIE, aeey i?eeiyooy aoaeoeaieo ??oaiue ia
aoaeue-yeiio ??ai? – aea?aeaaiiio, aaeocaaiio, i?aei?e?iieoeueeiio
aaaeeeai ia o?eueee aeia?a ciaoe no/aniee noai ?eie?a, aea ? i?iaiic
neooaoe?e, ye? c aeinoaoiueith a??ia?aei?noth iiaeooue a?aeaoaaoeny ia
ca?iiaeo, ca?iii?iaeoeoiaeo oa noi?aeieo c ieie ?eieao o iaeaeeae/ee /e
a?eueo aeaeae?e ia?niaeoea?.

Ie aaa/a?ii nooi?noue oa iniiaio iaoo i?iaiicoaaiiy ?icaeoeo
iaoe?iiaeueieo ?eie?a ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a o oiio, uia aecia/eoe, ui
iiaea a?aeaooeny c aeiiii?/iith eii’thieoo?ith ia oeo /e ?ioeo aoaiao
?icaeoeo ?eieo, a?aoiaoth/e iaioth/? oaiaeaioe?? ia aioo??oiueiio ?
ciai?oiueiio ?eieao. A iiaeaeueoiio c o?aooaaiiyi oeeo i?iaiic?a iaie
ii?aoeueiaoaaeanue oaeoeea ? no?aoaa?y ?icaeoeo iaoe?iiaeueieo ?eie?a
i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai, ian?ii?aiai oa ca?ia aeey i?iieneiai?
ia?a?iaee ? cae?enithaaeanue aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy oeeie
?eieaie.

I?iaiic ?icaeoeo ca?iiaeo ?eie?a aacoaaany ia:

· ioe?ioe? noaio ?eie?a ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a ia iaoe?iiaeueiiio
??ai?;

· anoaiiaeaii? oaiaeaioe?e, ui iathoue i?noea a aeaiee /an ?,
a??ia?aeii, i/?eoaaoeiooueny a ia?niaeoea?;

· aeyaeaii? aioo??oiuei- ? i?aeaaeocaaeo aeeni?iii?oe?e, ye? iiaeooue
aieeaaoe ia oi?ioaaiiy ?eieo;

· aeai?? iaea?eueo a??ia?aeieo aa??aio?a ?icaeoeo neooaoe?e ia ?eieo.

I?iaiic eiithieoo?e ?eieo aeeth/a?:

· aecia/aiiy ?iiino? ?eieo ca?ia ia aac? noia?iiai iiieoo;

· aecia/aiiy noia?ii? i?iiiceoe??;

· anoaiiaeaiiy eiao?oe??ioa ni?aa?aeiioaiiy e?ioeaaeo caian?a ?
noia?iiai niiaeeaaiiy ye ?iaeeeaoi?a i/?eoaaii? oe?iiai? eii’thieoo?e ia
eiie?aoieo ?eieao;

· aecia/aiiy oaiaeaioe?e ?icaeoeo oe?iiai? eiithieoo?e ? aaee/eie oe?i
aioo??oiueiai ?eieo.

A iniiao i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eie?a ia ei?ioeino?ieiao ? ia
a?eueo a?aeaeaeaio ia?niaeoeao iaie iieeaaeaii iaoiae ?ic?aooieo
iaoa??aeueieo aaeain?a ii eiaeiiio ie?aiiio ca?iiaiio ?eieo. Oea ia
aeaiiio aoai? iaeei c iaea?eueo canoiniaoaaieo o na?o? iaoiae?a
iiaeaethaaiiy neooaoe?e ia ?eieao. Ine?eueee oe?iiaa eii’thieoo?a ?
iio?aeiith a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy noia?iiai iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??, oi
iath/e ?o ?ic?aooiie, iiaeia i?iaiicoaaoe oaiaeaioe?? ? nai? ??ai? oe?i
ia ia?niaeoeao.

I?iaiice eiithieoo?e ?eie?a ia ??cio ia?niaeoeao aeiioneathoue ??ciee
nooi?iue oi/iino?. Iaea?eueo oi/iei ia? aooe i?iaiic ia iaeaeeae/? ?iee.
Aeey ?ic?iaee iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ia a?eueo aeaeaeo ia?niaeoeao
iiaea aooe aeinoaoiuei ? oaiaeaioe?e oe?iiai? eiithieoo?e ii
a?aeiioaiith aei iiia?aaei?o ?ie?a.

Aaeaine iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe?? aaoi?ii ?ic?iaeyeenue c o?aooaaiiyi
niiaeea/i? yeino? ca?ia (naaiaioaoe?y aeeiiaia ca aaciaee ia??iae ia
iniia? aeaieo Aea?aeaaii? oe?aii? ?iniaeoe??). Aaoi? aaaaea? oaeee
i?aeo?ae aeioe?eueiei aeey i?aeaeuaiiy oi/iino? i?iaiico, ine?eueee
oiaa?e, ui oi?ioaaoeiooue ?eieiao i?iiiceoe?th, aoaeooue cai?iieeaie c
aeecueeith niiaeea/ith oe?ii?noth.

Noai ?eieo i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia a 1995/96-1996/97 ??. oa?aeoa?ecoaaany
ii ni?aa?aeiioaiith iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe?? ye a??aiiaaaeaiee. C 1997/98 ?.
ca oiiae, ui ye?noue ca?ia nooo?ai iie?auoaaoeiaoueny, ?eiie iiaea ciiao
noaoe ia?aiane/aiei, ai iiaeeeaino? ia?iuoaaiiy aioo??oiueiai iiieoo
iaiaaeai?, a aenii?o ?inoa ieyai. A iiaeaeueoiio i?e aeoea?caoe??
aenii?oo ?eiie a??aiiaaaeeoueny aea ia iiaiio, a?eueo aenieiio ??ai?
iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??. Ieae/a iaaiaeeoueny aaeain i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia
ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2000-2005 ??. (oaae. 4).

?icaeoie ae?iaieoeoaa iio?aao? eiino?oeoeaiiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie caooo.
Aeoiaeii iiaea noaoe nooo?aa ca?eueoaiiy aenii?oo aenieiye?niiai
i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia (aei 5 iei o o 2000 ?. ? aei 9 iei o o 2005 ?.),
/anoeiaa aeei?enoaiiy ioaieoe? ?V eeano ia oo?aae (ui oaeiae
i?aeoeeo?oueny ? a e?a?iao Cao?aeii? ?a?iie). I?e oeueiio ?ii?noue ?eieo
a 2000 ?. neeaaeaoeia 24 iei o, o 2005 ?. – iaeaea 29 iei o.

4. I?iaiiciee aaeain i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia a Oe?a?i?

Ia?eaoeiaia?
?ieeIieacieee1993/941994/951995/961996/971997/981998/991999/002000/01200
5/06Ieiu? i?ae i?iaeiaieue/eie ca?iiaeie eoeueoo?aie, oen.aa

6701

5477

6553

6940

7674

7188

8287

8657

8144O?iaeaei?noue, o/aa3,522,782,732,162,632,412,832,963,34Aaeiaee ca??
ca?iiaeo nooi i?i-aeiaieue/iai i?ecia/aiiy, oen.o

23607

15219

17902

15022

20220

17330

23490

25640

27220Ae?iaieoeoai an?o aeae?a ca?ia, ui a?aeiia?aeathoue i?iaeiaieue/ei
noaiaea?oai

19253

13427

11729

6742

10175

12367

20020

23200

25525Iiiiaiaiiy ca?iii iai?iaeiaieue/eo caian?a

2597

200

-?iii?o1706041405050100150620Caiane ia ii/aoie
?ieo1920576955229466001743210723734300Caaaeueia ?eieiaa
i?iiiceoe?y213431925617292103251102514160222272572330445Aeei?enoaiiy

· ia i?iaeiaieuenoai

9701

9093

8635

8359

8273

8367

8317

8266

8748· iai?iaeiaieue/a (ia ei?i,
i?iiia?a?iaeo)478038106842—703796509672Ao?aoe9636715863375096861000116
01276Aioo??oi?e
iiieo154441357416063869687829053163541907619696Aenii?o130160283102950030
00350050009200Caaaeueiee
iiieo1557413734163469725928212053198542407628896Caeeoie ia e?iaoeue
?ieo5769552294660017432107237316471549Eiao?oe??io a?aeiioaiiy caeeoeo
aei iiieoo

0,37

0,40

0,06

0,06

0,19

0,17

0,12

0,07

0,05Niaoeeo?eith ?eieo ian?iiy ca?iiaeo ? oa, ui ?eiie ianeoaiao?
iio?aae ? naii? aaeoc? ian?iieoeoaa, ? oiaa?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa ca?ia.
A?i neeaaea?oueny c o?ueio noa?eie?a: i?ea?iaeueiiai ian?iiy, ae?oiiai ?
?ai?iaeoeoeaiiai. Eiithieoo?ia neooaoe?y o ia?niaeoea? ia an?o ieo
??cia.

Noa?eiie i?ea?iaeueiiai ian?iiy – a??aiiaaaeaiee ca ?aooiie
aioo??oiueiai iiieoo ? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy. Eiai ?ii?noue
ioe?ii/ii 20-30 oen. o. *a?ac ciaioaiiy athaeaeaoiiai o?iainoaaiiy
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo oeaio??a ianyae i?iiiceoe?? iiaeo ni?o?a i?ae
caa?icith cieaeaiiy.

Noa?eiie ae?oiiai ian?iiy ii a?eueoino? ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? ia?aiane/aiee.
?ii?noue eiai 100-150 oen. o ? eeoa ia?iuoaaiiy aenii?oo iiaea
ca?eueoeoe ?? aac cieaeaiiy aioo??oiuei? oe?ie.

Noa?eiie ?ai?iaeoeoe?eiiai ian?iiy, ui ia? ?ii?noue aeecueei 4-4,5 iei
o, a?aeiinii a??aiiaaaeaiee, a?i iaioith i??ith /ooeeaee aei
eiieo?aioe??, ai ?ano?ne aeei?enoiaothoueny a iaaeao ie?aieo
ainiiaea?noa /e oeyoii i?aeainiiaea?nueeiai iai?io. Na?eici? ci?ie o
oe?iia?e eiithieoo?? aeey iueiai iaa?yae /e aoaeooue oa?aeoa?i?.
Noeioethaaoe ?icaeoie oeueiai ?eieo iiaea iaeeaeaiiy ieaoini?iiiaeiiai
iiieoo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ia.

?ii?noue oo?aaeiiai ?eieo, a ?acii c iath ? i?iiiceoe?y, c?inoaoeiooue
ii i??? ca?eueoaiiy iiieoo ia oaa?eiieoeueeo i?iaeoeoe?th, a
a?aeiia?aeii ? ia eiia?ei?ie. Ia?aaeaa/a?oueny, ui ?eiie oo?aaeiiai
ca?ia ca iaaeaie 2000 ?. iiaea neeanoe 22 iei o, a a 2005 ?. – 26 iei o.
Oe?iiaa eiithieoo?a ia oeueiio ?eieo ai?iaeiaae inoaii?o ?ie?a
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaaecae/aeiith iano?ee?noth (eiao?oe??io
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy e?ioeaaeo caian?a aei noia?iiai iiieoo neeaaeaa o
1995/96 ia?eaoeiaiaiio ?ioe? 0,16, o 1996/97 – 0,03, o 1997/98 – 0,33, o
1998/99 i?iaiico?oueny ia ??ai? 0,13, a iine?aeoth/? ?iee ia ??ai?
0,16-0,17 oa 0,20. Oea icia/a?, ui nooo?aiai c?inoaiiy oe?i ia oeueiio
?eieo i/?eoaaoe ia aeiaiaeeoueny, oi/ ei?eaoaaoe i?iaiic iiaeooue
iiaiaei? oiiae. I?ioa i?e aianaii? i?aeaeuaieo aeic aeia?ea a
ia?niaeoea? iaaaoeaiee aieea iiaiaeieo oiia nooo?ai cieceoueny, a
a?aeoae oe?iiaa eiithieoo?a noaa?e?co?oueny.

?icae?e V. Iniaeeaino? aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ooieoe?iioaaiiy ca?iiaeo
?eie?a Oe?a?ie ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2000-2005 ??. A ?icae?e?
?icaeyaeathoueny caaaeuei? aeey an?o ?eie?a caoiaee uiaei oi?ioaaiiy
iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua ? niaoeeo?/i? iaoai?cie aeey
eiaeiiai ca?iiaiai ?eieo. sse na?ae/aoue ?acoeueoaoe iaoeo
aeine?aeaeaiue, an? ca?iia? ?eiee Oe?a?ie ciaoiaeyoueny o noaae??
aeeiai?/iiai noaiiaeaiiy, aea na?aae ieo iiee ui iaia? aeiaeiiai, yeee
ae iiaeia aoei aaaaeaoe aeineiiaeei. Iaoai?cie ooieoe?iioaaiiy oeeo
?eie?a, i?eiaeii? ia iaeaeeae/o ia?niaeoeao, aoaeooue aeeth/aoe ye
aeaiaioe ?eieiaiai naii?aaoethaaiiy, oae ? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy
iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??. O iaeaeeae/? ?iee, ia aoai? oi?ioaaiiy ?eie?a,
ieoiia aaaa caoiae?a aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy aoaea cia/iith. Iaeiae c
iaoe?ii? aaie inoaii?o i?e eiino?othaaii? iaoai?ci?a ne?ae iaaeaaaoe
ia?aaaao, a ia?oo /a?ao, oei caoiaeai, ye? ia cae?eniththoue i?yiiai
aieeao ia ?eieia? oe?ie, ia niioai?ththoue eiithieoo?o, a
caaacia/othoue:

· ?ic?iaeo caaaeueieo i?aaee iiaaae?iee ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a ? caeiiiaeaa/o
i?aeo?eieo oeeo i?aaee o i?ioean? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eie?a;

· ni?eyiiy ?icaeoeo an?o neeaaeiaeo ?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e;

· caoeno eiieo?aioe?? a?ae iiiiiie?e;

· noai?aiiy oaei? caeiiiaeaa/i-i?aaiai? aace ? oiia, ye? a oi?ioaaee
ni?eyoeeaee ee?iao aeey iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ?iaanoeoe?e a?o/eciyieo oa
caei?aeiiieo i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo no?oeoo? o ca?iiae?iaieoeoai ? noi?aei?
c iei aaeoc? ia?a?iaee, noeioethth/e oeei c?inoaiiy i?iiiceoe?? ?
ae?iaie/iai iiieoo;

· i?aeo?eieo ca ?aooiie eioo?a, ui ia?aaeaa/aoeiooueny a Aea?aeaaieo
i?ia?aiao, ieaoini?iiiaeiino? oeo a?oi ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a, ye?
iieiythoueny /a?ac iani?eyoeeao eiithieoo?o o iaea??oeo oiiaao ?
no?eiothoue iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ?eieo.

Iinoaiiaa Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie “I?i iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ?eieo
ca?ia a Oe?a?i?” a?ae 24 aa?aniy 1997 ?. ? 1062, aeoeaiei ?ic?iaieeii
yei? aoea aaoi? aeaii? ?iaioe, ia?aaeaa/eea i?enei?aiiy caoiae?a,
ni?yiiaaieo naia ia oi?ioaaiiy iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua aeey
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a, iina?aaeiee?a, iioiaeo ? ?icae??aieo iieoioe?a i?e
i?i?iaeueieo aeo?aoao athaeaeaoo, ine?eueee cia/ia ?o /anoeia i?ney 8
?ie?a ia?aaoaeiae ana ua ciaoiaeeoueny ia ii/aoeiaiio aoai? ?icaeoeo.

A ?iaio? aeeeaaeai? aaoi?nuee? i?iiiceoe?? ii ?icaeoeo an?o iniiaieo
nenoai ?io?ano?oeoo?e ca?iiaeo ?eie?a. Ia?o ca ana, iaiao?aeii noai?eoe
?eieiao ?io?ano?oeoo?o caooo a ?aa?iiao, a?aeoai?eoe ? ci?oeieoe iioiao
eaieo oi?a?ae? ca?iii c oei, uia oiaa?iae?iaieee ? iieoioe? iaee
iiaeeea?noue ii?iaeueii eiioaeooaaoe, iiaee iiaiith i??ith nei?enoaoeny
ni?eyoeeaith eii’thieoo?ith ia aioo??oiueiio ? ciai?oiueiio ?eieao,
aea?aoe iaee?au? no?iee ?aae?caoe?? ca?ia, i?io?iainoaaoe nai? iaeaooi?
aeo?aoe. Iniaeeaa cia/aiiy a?aeaiaeeoueny ?icaeoeo a??aeiai? oi?a?ae? ?
?aae?caoe?? ca?ia /a?ac ?aeiii? aa?ioi?aia? aeiie.

Iiee ui nenoaia ae?th/eo a??ae ? oi?aiaeo aeii?a i?aoeth? iaaoaeoeaii,
ai oea – ?ino?oiaioe aeeeth/ii eaaaeueii? oi?a?ae?, ?acoeueoaoe yei?
eiio?ieththoueny /a?ac ?ic?aooieia? ?aooiee i?aei?e?inoa. Naia oiio
inoaii? oieeathoue ??. Aei oiai ae oi?a?aey ia?aaaaeii niioiaeie
eiio?aeoaie ia ae??oo? i?iaeai aaainoaaiiy oiaa?iae?iaieea. Iio??aii
?icoe?thaaoe oi?a?aeth oi?aa?aeieie ? oth/a?nieie eiio?aeoaie ia
iinoaaeo ca?ia, cai?iaaaeaeoaaoe iia?aoe?? ii oaaeaeoaaiith, ye?
aiinyoue aeaiaio no?aooaaiiy a?ae ?eceeo ao?aoe aeioiae?a.

sse ?ino?oiaio ei?eaoaaiiy a aeno?aiaeueieo neooaoe?yo, eiee a??ae?
i?aoeththoue iaiaeaaeiei /eiii, a aeena?oaoe?? i?iiiio?oueny noai?aiiy
Aea?aeaaiiai ?ioa?aaioe?eiiai oiiaeo noaa?e?caoe?? ca?iiaiai ?eieo
(i?eiaeii? oei/aniai – ia iaeaeeae/? ?iee aei noaa?e?caoe?? a??aeiaiai
?eieo). Aaoi?ii ?ic?iaeai? i?eioeeie ooieoe?iioaaiiy oaeiai Oiiaeo, ye?
? ?eieiaeie ? cae?eniththoue ei?eaoaaiiy oe?i eeoa /a?ac ci?io iiieoo ?
i?iiiceoe?? ia ?aa?iiaeueieo ?eieao. Oea aeineoue aeiiii?/iee
?ino?oiaio aeey ?aaoethaaiiy ?eieo o ii??aiyii? c ?ioeie a?aeiieie
aaoi?o (OEE, Aaainoai ii ?aaoethaaiith n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
?eie?a).

Aaaaeaiiy ??cieo aeae?a oi?a?ae? ca noaiaea?oeciaaieie eiio?aeoaie, a
oaeiae ?icoe?aiiy aenii?oii? oi?a?ae? iio?aaothoue i?enei?aiiy ia?aoiaeo
ia noaiaea?oe, aa?iii?ciaai? ?c na?oiaeie /e ?c noaiaea?oaie i?ia?aeieo
e?a?i-aenia?o?a. Iiooeoaa/ai ia noaaeeinue ca iaoo ?ic?iaeoe iia?
noaiaea?oe yeino?, aea i?iaiae?coaaaoe a?o/eciyi? ? caei?aeiii?
noaiaea?oe, aecia/aii iai?yie ocaiaeaeaiiy iniiaieo iieiaeaiue aeey
oiai, uia iao? noaiaea?oe aoee c?icoi?eeie aeey iioaioe?eieo
aenii?oa??a, a oiaa?iae?iaieee ia ao?a/aee eioo?a ia yeino? oa
iaacoe?iaii? oiaa?o.

Ia iaio aeooaeueiith ? ? i?iaeaia na?oeo?eaoe?? yeino? i?iaeoeoe??,
iniaeeai o???, ui iai?aaey?oueny ia aenii?o. I?aaeeii iiaeiia noaoe aeey
oi?aiaoe?a a?aei?aaea ca?ia ia aenii?o eeoa ca iayaiino? na?oeo?eaoo
Aea?aeaaii? oe?aii? ?iniaeoe?? Oe?a?ie aai ?ioeo neoaea, yeei iiaea aooe
aei?o/aia aea?aeaaith oey ooieoe?y. Iieooaaiiy o?aeaea??a ca?ia
cana?ae/eei, ui a?aenooi?noue oaeiai na?oeo?eaoo i?e aeaic? ca?ia ca
iaae? Oe?a?ie, ye i?aaeei, ciaioo? oaine oi?aiaoe?a i?iaeaoe eiai ca
a?aeiia?aeiith ye?noth. I? a aeeae/?e, i? a a?eueo aeaeae?e ia?niaeoea?
aaaaea?ii iai?eionoeiei nei?i/aiiy neoaea Aea?aeaaii? oe?aii? ?iniaeoe??
a iaeanoyo, ine?eueee oey ?io?ano?oeoo?a ianeoaiaoaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia ia?
aooe a?aie/ii iaaeeaeaiith aei oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ? ?aa?iiaeueieo
o?aeaea??a. O aeiaaeeo neeaaeiiu?a ?c athaeaeaoiei o?iainoaaiiyi aiia
iiaea aooe ia?aaaaeaia ia aini?ic?aooieia? oiiae. sse na?ae/aoue
?acoeueoaoe aea/aiiy aeina?aeo ?ioeo e?a?i, oea ? ii?iaeueiei ae??oaiiyi
i?iaeaie.

Ia?niaeoeae ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ieo iia?aoe?e iaia’yceiai iiaeii?
oa’ycoaaoenue ?c noaiii ? ia?niaeoeaaie ?icaeoeo o?ainii?oii?
?io?ano?oeoo?e. Aaoi?nuee? ?ic?aooiee iieacothoue, ui c o?aooaaiiyi
o?aiceoieo ia?aaacaiue ca?ia (aeecueei 4 iei o), aenii?oii-?iii?oi?
iia?aoe?? noaiiaeoeiooue 11 iei o, c yeeo iieiaeia cae?enithaaoeiaoueny
/a?ac ii?oe Oe?a?ie, a ?aooa – /a?ac cae?cieoeth. Iaiao?aeii aoaea iaoe
o 2005 ?. iiooaeiino? ii?oiaeo oa?i?iae?a eeoa aeey ca?ia ia iaioa ye
ia 6 iei o, a cae?cieoe? – 8 iei o. Ia aeaiee /an iiooaeiino?
oe?a?inueeeo ii?o?a iaiaaeai? 4 iei o, ui ia caaeia?eueiy? iio?aa
c?inoath/iai aenii?oo ca?ia, ian?iiy niiyoieeo oa ?i., noai?th?
i?iaeaie a i?ioean? ?aae?caoe??.

Ua iaeia iaaecae/aeii aaaeeeaa i?iaeaia i?e oi?ioaaii? iiaiioe?iiiai
?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua – oea i?iaeaia ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy
noa?eo?a ?eieo. AEiaeai ?eiie ia caeaoai ii?iaeueii oi?ioaaoeny ?
?nioaaoe a oiiaao ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai aaeooio.

I?ioean noai?aiiy ?ioi?iaoe?eii? nenoaie aeey oiia ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee
ia? aooe ea?iaaiei c aieo aea?aeaaieo i?aai?a ? a?aeiia?aeiei /eiii
i?io?iainiaaiei c athaeaeaoo, a nenoaia ?ioi?iaoe?? ia?aaeaa/a?oueny
aaaaoi??aiaaa ca iiaoaeiaith (?aeii-iaeanoue-Oe?a?ia). Oea oa
?ioi?iaoe?y, yea, a a?eueoino? nai?e, iaea a c iaaiith ia??iaee/i?noth
aaceiooiaii iaaeaaaoeny ei?enooaa/ai, ye oea ?iaeoueny o ?icaeiaieo
e?a?iao, aea aaoi? aea/aea aeina?ae. Aaaeeeaei caoiaeii ia? noaoe
noai?aiiy ?aeeii? ?ioi?iaoe?eii? ia?aae? aa?ioi?aiaeo aeii?a,
aiaeia?/ii? a??aeia?e.

Ii?yae c ?ioi?iaoe??th i?i iioi/io eii’thieoo?o ?eieo a Oe?a?i? ia?
aooe caae?yia nenoaia caaacia/aiiy an?o eiio?aaaio?a ?eieo ca?ia,
ea??aieoeoaa aaeoc?, Ca?iiai? ni?eee oa Aea?aeaaii? eii?n?? c ieoaiue
?eieo i?iaeiaieuenoaa ?ioi?iaoe??th uiaei i?iaiico eii’thieoo?e ca?iiaeo
?eie?a ia ei?ioeo ? na?aaeiueino?ieiao ia?niaeoeao aeey i?eeiyooy ieie
aeaaaeaieo oaeoe/ieo ? no?aoaa?/ieo ??oaiue. Ia aeaiiio aoai?
i?aeaioiaea ei?ioeino?ieiaeo aiae?oeei- i?iaiicieo iaoa??ae?a ?aaoey?ii
cae?enith?oueny ia aac? ?inoeoooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI. Aaoi?
? aenia?oii I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie c aiae?co ? i?iaiicoaaiiy
eii’thieoo?e ca?iiaiai ?eieo ?, ii/eiath/e c 1996 ?., aea?/? ia ??e
iaaea? nai? i?iaiice an?i ca?ioa?aniaaiei a?aeiinoaai.

?eieiaa ?io?ano?oeoo?a caeiiiaeaa/i ia? oaeiae aeiiiaithaaoeny
caoiaeaie caoenoo i?aaa aeaniino? oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ia naith
i?iaeoeoe?th, ia a?eueiee aea?? ia?a?iaiee?a ? iieoioe?a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??, i?aaa ia a?eueia ia?ai?uaiiy
ca?ia a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieoeoaa ii oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie, caai?iiith ia
anoaiiaeaiiy i?i?iaeueieo oe?i, iaiaaeaiiy iaeneiaeueieo oe?i. Oe?
caoiaee caiia?aathoue noai?aiith ooo/ieo aeao?oeeo?a ? ooo/iiio
c?inoaiith /e iaae?iith oe?i a ?aa?iiao.

Aeuaaeacai? caoiaee c iaoei iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iei iaa?oiooaaiiyi
i?ioyaii inoaii?o ?ie?a iinooiiai ciaoiaeyoue nai? caeiiiaeaa/a
cae??ieaiiy. An? aiie noinothoueny oi?ioaaiiy oeea?e?ciaaiiai ?eieiaiai
na?aaeiaeua ? ca eeaneo?eaoe??th AAOO/NIO iiaeooue aooe oiiaii
a?aeianai? aei caoiae?a “caeaiiai na?oea”.

Oe? ni?euei? aeey an?o ca?iiaeo ?eie?a caoiaee noai?ththoue ia?aaeoiiae
aeey ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eie?a o ia?niaeoea? ia?aaaaeii a ?aaeei?
naii?aaoethaaiiy.Ie??i ieo ia eiaeiiio eiie?aoiiio ca?iiaiio ?eieo
aoaeooue cai?iaaaeaeoaaoeny nai? iaoai?cie, ye? ?aaoethaaoeiooue
eiithieoo?o a iai?yieo aeeiai?/iiai ?icaeoeo ?eie?a.

Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy i?iaeiaieue/iai ca?ia ia
na?aaeiueino?ieiao ia?niaeoeao aeey aeeiai?/iiai naiai ?icaeoeo ia?,
ia?o ca ana, ia?aaeaa/aoe noeioethaaiiy noeoiiiai iiieoo ia ca?ii.
Aioo??oi?e iiieo iiaea noeioethaaoeny eeoa ca ?aooiie iaoo?aeueieo aai
a?ioiaeo noaneae?e iaea?aei?oei aa?noaai ianaeaiiy (iain?iia?ai,
nooaeaioai oa ?i.). I?e oeueiio a?aeiaaea iaiao?aei?noue ?aaoethaaoe
oe?ie ia oe?aii?iaeoeoe, oiaoi ae??ooaaoe nioe?aeueio i?iaeaio ca
?aooiie oiaa?iae?iaiee?a. Ae?oaee aniaeo i?iaeaie – noeioethaaiiy
aenii?oo iiayco?oueny c i?iaaaeaiiyi aenii?oii???ioiaaii? iie?oeee
aea?aeaae, yea ia?aaeaa/a?: i?aeaioiaeo i?aaiaeo canaae uiaei
aenii?oii-?iii?oieo iia?aoe?e c ca?iii ? ca?iii?iaeoeoaie; iaeneiaeueia
ciyooy an?o aaei?i?no?aoeaieo iaiaaeaiue ii ?aaoethaaiith aenii?oo
(eaio, e?oeaic?e, ieoieo cai??a); aoiaeaeaiiy o i?aeia?iaei?
i?aai?caoe??, ye? aeathoue i?aai aooe iiaiii?aaieie aenii?oa?aie ? iaoe
aeinooi aei ?o aac aeaieo; a?aee?eooy ? aeoea?caoe?th ae?yeueiino?
oi?aiaaeueieo i?aaenoaaieoeoa a e?a?iao-iioaioe?aeueieo ?iii?oa?ao
iaoiai ca?ia; a?aee?eooy a?iea?nueeeo eiioi? ia iaee?oii?oeo a??aeao
na?oo (? a ia?oo /a?ao ia ?a?iiaenueeeo) ? o.?i. Eeoa ae??oeaoe i?iaeaie
caooo, iiaeia ia?iuoaaoe i?iiiceoe?th, ni?yiiaoth/e caoiaee i?aeo?eiee
ia ?? iaeii/ania caeaoaaeaiiy, ye aa?aio?th ?? i?eaooeiaino? ?
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?.

O ei?ioei- ? na?aaeiueino?ieia?e ia?niaeoea? ia?iuoaaiiy i?iiiceoe??
ca?ia no?eioaaoeiaoueny, aieiaiei /eiii, iecueeith ieaoini?iiiaei?noth
ainiiaea?noa. C?inoaiiy iiieoo inoaii?o iiaycaii ?c i?aeaeuaiiyi ?o
aeioiae?a. Aeinyaaoeny oea iiaea ??cieie niiniaaie: /anoeiai – ca
?aooiie athaeaeaoii? i?aeo?eiee, aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy i?ioeano
ia?a?iciiae?eo i?eaooe?a ??cieo a?oi ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a ia ei?enoue
oiaa?iae?iaieea, a a oiiaao iaiaaeaiino? athaeaeaoieo aneaioaaiue oaeiae
ca ?aooiie cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiaeo oi?i aca?iia?aeiinei i?ae ?eieiaeie
noa?eoaie. Aea?aeaai? noeioee ii i?aeaeuaiith aeioiae?a
oiaa?iae?iaiee?a:

· noai?aiiy oiia aeey noaa?e?caoe?? aeiiii?/ii? neooaoe?? ? iie?ioaiiy
e?aaeeooaaiiy /a?ac:

– naiaoe?th i?aei?e?inoa, ciaioaiiy aca?iicaai?aiaaiinoae;

– oaeineiiaeaiiy iaoai?cio canoaae;

– cai?iaaaeaeaiiy oaeoi?eiaiaeo iia?aoe?e;

-aeoea?caoe?th ae?yeueiino? e?ceiaiaiai oiiaeo;

· i?aeo?eiea /a?ac nenoaio i?eueaiaiai no?aooaaiiy;

· aioeiiiiiieueiee eiio?ieue ca ae?yeuei?noth ?aa?iiaeueieo iiiiiie?no?a
(oe?aii?eeiaeueieo, ia?a?iaieo, o?ainii?oieo i?aei?e?inoa), ye?
i?aaiooue ia?a?iciiae?eeoe cia/io /anoeio aeioiae?a ia naith ei?enoue.

Ia ?en. 4 iieacaii, yeei /eiii ia?a?iciiae?eyeanue e?ioeaaa oe?ia ia
ca?ii i?iaeiaieue/i? ioaieoe? ia oeyoo a?ae oiaa?iae?iaieea ca?ia aei
na?oiaiai ?eieo a Oe?a?i? ? NOA.

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-??? ?-???/???????????????????????????????AAA?AUeA?¦E??yu??  ¤?????y????y?? yy????y?y?y??yy?yyy????4?????5????'yy?????????? ????yyy???? ???????'yy??? ????yyy???? ???????-???????'yy??? ????yyy???? ???????-???????ue??yyy??????-? ???u?????????"????-???? yyy???????????????????$?A?-?--?-TH?A?TH?A?-????'8 ? ???u?????????"????-?????????-?A????yyy????????-?- ???TH?-???TH?A????-?A? ???u??????????"????-????-????'yy??? ????-????-????yyy???? yyy????-???????-????-????'yy??? ????-????-????yyy???? yyy????(7?????-????-????'yy??? ????-????-????yyy???? yyy????TH?.-?A????-????-????'yy??? ????-????-????yyy???? yyy????TH?/+?A? ???u?????????"????-?????????ue??y?y?????-???? y?y????????????$?‹?†?i?†?i?TH?‹?TH?‹?†????$??en. 4. Ieoiia aaaa ie?aieo eaiie eaioethaa oiaa?ii?inoaaiiy ca?ia o oe?i? ia i?iaeiaieue/o ioaieoeth a Oe?a?i? ? NOA I?e ?iceeaaeaii? aenii?oii? oe?ie iceii? iyei? ioaieoe? ??? eeano (a?aeiia?aea? ca ye?noth aia?eeainuee?e HRW), ieoiia aaaa ianeoaiaoth/i? ?io?ano?oeoo?e (aeaaaoi?ii? nenoaie, an?o aeae?a o?ainii?oo) a Oe?a?i? aoea aeineoue aenieith - 51 % i?ioe 24 % o NOA. Naia caaaeyee iecuee?e ieoii?e aac? oiaa?iae?iaieea oaeoe/ia oe?ia eiai cia/ii ieae/a o???, yeo a?i i?a ae iioaioe?eii io?eiaoe. A, ioaea, i?eaooie ia oiii? ?aae?ciaaii? i?iaeoeoe?? aeyaeany aeey iueiai nooo?ai caieaeaiei. ?aaeeeaeueii iie?ioeoe iieiaeaiiy ae?iaieea iiaei a iioe?aiiy aaenaeueii? oi?ie ?ic?aooie?a, nei?i/aiiy ianya?a oiaa?iiai?iieo iia?aoe?e, cieaeaiiy ??aiy e?aaeeoieo noaaie eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a ? o.?i. Oe? i?iaeaie iae?iaeiiii?/iiai ??aiy a ia?niaeoea?, a??ia?aeii ana-oaee iaeaeooue ae??oaiiy a Oe?a?i?. Iaeaeeae/ei /anii ?aaeueii iiaeia i???iooaaoeny ia ei?ioeino?ieia? e?aaeeoe eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a aeey caeoi?ae? cania?a caoenoo, i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea, ian?iiy aeey caaacia/aiiy i?enei?aiiai ni?oiiiiiaeaiiy ? ni?oicai?ie i?ae aa?aio?th ca?ia ye e?ea?aeii? i?iaeoeoe??. sse aaaine i?eueaia? e?aaeeoe iiaee a iaaeoiaeeoe oiaa?iae?iaieeai ca?ia /a?ac aa?ina?a?ni?, ia?a?iai? oa oe?aii?eeiaeuei? i?aei?e?inoaa, /a?ac oi?aia? aeiie, anioe?aoe?? a ?aooiie oeeaaeaieo oaiae i?ae caeoi?aeth ca?ia. Oeei i?aei?e?inoaai aoei a i?ino?oa io?eiaoe e?aaeeoi? ?ano?ne a aaieo, a?aoiaoth/e, iai?eeeaae, ui na?aae oe?aii?eeiaeueieo ? ai?ioiiiaeueieo caaiae?a i?aeoe/ii iaia? caeoeiaeo, a aaeee? ianyae ca?ia ? ai?ioia, ui caa??aathoueny ia neeaaeao oeeo i?aei?e?inoa, iathoue aeineoue aenieee nooi?iue e?ea?aeiino?. Ia aeoieo, aaoi?a /anoeiai i?iaeaio io?eiaiiy e?aaeeo?a i?ae canoaao ca?ia, ui oei/aniai ia ciaoiaeeoue caooo iiaeia aoei a ae??ooaaoe ca noaiith canoiniaoaaiith Oiaa?ii-e?aaeeoiith ei?ii?aoe??th (OEE) NOA. Oa ine?eueee oaea nenoaia, ia iaoo aeoieo, ia iiaea iiai?noth aaaaeaoeny iiceoeaiith, oae ye i?eaiaeeoue aei caoiaa?thaaiiy ? iio?aao? aaeeeeo athaeaeaoieo aeo?ao, oi aaoi? i?iiiio? canoiniaoaaoe ?? a aeaui iiaeeo?eiaaiiio aeaeyae?. ?ieue OEE o ia?niaeoea? o ian iiaee a aeeiioaaoe e?oii? aeoe?iia?i? eiiiai??, ui ooai?youeny a i?ioean? i?eaaoecaoe?? oe?aii?eeiaeueieo i?aei?e?inoa, ai?ioiiiaeueieo caaiae?a. I?ae canoaao iayaii? ia aeaaaoi?ao aenieie?ea?aeii? i?iaeoeoe?? ?i i?ino?oa aoaea io?eiaoe e?aaeeo a aaieo aeey aeaea/? eiai ye i?eueaiaiai oiaa?iae?iaieeai. ?aae?caoe?y iaaea?aiiai ca?ia a ae?oa?e iieiaei? ?ieo ii i?aeaeuai?e oe?i? ia ciai?oiueiio /e aioo??oiueiio ?eieao, cia/iith i??ith, eiiiainoaaea a ao?aoe a?ae e?aaeeooaaiiy caeiaiaeo iia?aoe?e. Oaeei /eiii, o iaoai?ci? oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia ia neeaaeiiio aoai? oi?ioaaiiy iiaeooue ii?aeioaaoeny ? caoiaee nooi ?eieia?, ? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy. Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy ?eieo ian?iiy. *anoea iieoiiiai eiiaeeoe?eiiai ian?iiy a ainiiaea?noaao iinooiiai ciaioo?oueny /a?ac iecueeo ieaoini?iiiaei?noue n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai oiaa?iae?iaieea: ?c 25 % - o 1985 ?. aei 10 % - o 1997 ?. Iniiaa caeaoaaeaiiy ? i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ian?iiy - niaoe?ae?ciaaia ae?iaieoeoai ? i?neycae?aeueia aei?iaea ian?iiy iinooiiai ao?a/a?oueny. Aac noeioethaaiiy e?ioeaaiai iiieoo ia ian?iiy "caionoeoe" oeae ?eiie iaaecae/aeii neeaaeii, oi/ iiaeeeaino? ?icoe?aiiy i?iiiceoe?? ? ciai?oiueiai iiieoo, aacnoii?aii, ?. Oiae ia?o ca ana, coneeey ne?ae aoei a ni?yiiaoaaoe ia i?aeo?eieo iiieoo a?o/eciyieo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ia ia ian?iiy aenieeo ?ai?iaeoeoe?e. Cae?enithaaoe oea aoei a ne?ae /a?ac iaoai?cie aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee: · caa?aaeaiiy nenoaie eiiiainaoe?? ca ni?oiiaaeaaaee ii ae?o?; · noai?aiiy Ian?ii?ai-e?aaeeoiiai oiiaeo; · Aea?aeaai? i?ia?aie aeiiiiiae oiaa?iae?iaieeai ian?iiy ? ca?ia o aeai?? ?aeiiiaaieo ni?o?a ? a?a?eae?a (/a?ac ae?yeuei?noue nenoaie ni?oiaei?iaoaaiiy ? ioi?iie ni?o?a ?ineei; · noai?aiiy ?ioi?iaoe?eii-ia?eaoieia?/ii? neoaeae ia aac? I?i AIE. Noia?iee iiieo ia ian?iiy ca?iiaeo ia? i?aeo?eioaaoeny ca ?aooiie ca?eueoaiiy aenii?oieo iinoaaie. Noeioethaaiiy iiieoo ia ian?iiy iiaea a?aeaoaaoeny ? aaciina?aaeiuei ian?iieoeueeeie anioe?aoe?yie, eiiiai?yie, ye? caeiathoueny oiaa?ii?inoaaiiyi ?o i?iaeoeoe?? ia ?eiie. Iniaeeai? oaaae ? i?aeo?eiee aea?aeaae iio?aao? ?eiie i?ea?iaeueiiai ian?iiy ? eiai noa?eoe-naeaeoe?iia?e. I?ioeane o na?oia?e naeaeoe?ei?e ni?aa? a inoaii? aeanyoe??//y iaaecae/aeii ?ioaineo?eoaaeeny ? aac athaeaeaoiiai o?iainoaaiiy a?o/eciyiei naeaeoe?iia?ai ia aenoiyoe o eiieo?aioi?e ai?iouea?. Ao?a/ath/e i??i?eoaoe o naeaeoe??, ao?a/a?ii ?o ? a ian?iieoeoa?. Aaoi? aaaaea?, ui a oiiaao o?ii?/ii? ianoa/? athaeaeaoieo eioo?a ?aaeeeaeueiei caoiaeii i?aeo?eiee ? caoenoo ?ioa?an?a naeaeoe?iia??a ? naeaeoeaio??a a Oe?a?i? iiaeiii noaoe caeiiiaeaa/a aaaaeaiiy nenoaie cai?o ?iyeo? (ieaoa ca aeei?enoaiiy ?ioaeaeooaeueii? aeaniino? ia ni?oe). Iiooeoaa/ai ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei ?ic?aooieo ?iyeoieo ieaoaae?a, aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ?o ii ieaoieeao. Aei?a/iei aoei a oaeiae ciyooy iiaeaoeo ia aeiaeaio aa?o?noue c i?iaeaaeo i?ea?iaeueiiai ian?iiy. Aeey aeniain?? ian?iiy ia ciai?oi?e ?eiie eiiiai??-o?aeaea?e iiaee a i?eeiaoe ia naaa aeo?aoe ii ni?oiaei?iaoaaiith iiaeo ni?o?a ca ei?aeiiii a iai?i ia aeneethceaia i?aai i?iaeaaeo oaeiai ian?iiy a iine?aeoth/? ?iee. Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia. · Iaeaeeae/? ?iee aeey ?icaeoeo ?eieo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia a Oe?a?i? aoaeooue oa?aeoa?ecoaaoeny cieaeaiei iiieoii aioo??oiueiai ?eieo ca?ia oa iaeini?eyoeeaith oe?iiaith eii'thieoo?ith na?oiaiai ?eieo. *a?ac oea iiaeia i/?eoaaoe iia??oaiiy aeiiii?/iiai noaio oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ia, yeui ia aianoe iaaieo ei?eaoaaiue o iaoai?ci ooieoe?iioaaiiy oeueiai ?eieo. Uia ciyoe oene iaaeeeoeiai? i?iiiceoe?? ia oii? iecueeiai niiaeea/iai iiieoo ia ?eieo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia, aea?aeaa? iaiao?aeii: · oi/eiai noeioethaaoe i?aeaeuaiiy ieaoini?iiiaeiino? aioo??oiueiai niiaeeaa/a (oaa?eiieoeueeeo eiiieaen?a ? niaoeaini?a ii ae?iaieoeoao i?iaeoeoe?? oaa?eiieoeoaa); · ni?eyoe i?eueaiaiio ?aaeeio ?iii?oo ? anoaiiaeoe a?eueo aei?noeee ?aaeei aenii?oo a?eeiai-a?oai?iieo aeiaaaie oa aenieia?eeiai? ne?iaeie ye aeiaaaie aei ei?iiaiai ca?ia i?e aeaioiaeaii? eiia?ei?i?a; 5. I?iaiic ia?eaoeiaiaeo aeo?ao ? oe?ie ae?iaieea oo?aaeiiai y/iaith, ui aenii?ooaaoeiaoueny c Oe?a?ie o ia?niaeoea? 1997/98 ?.2000/01 ?.2005/06 ?.Iieacieeeaeie. NOA ca 1 o%aeie. NOA ca 1 o%aeie. NOA ca 1 o%Oe?ia CIF108,00110,00127,00Oe?ia FOB93,00100,095,00100,0114,00100,0Ieoi? cai?e (aa?o?noue ioi?ieaiiy oiaa?o - 0,15% aa?oino? oiaa?o) 0,14 0,2 0,14 0,2 0,17 0,2Ii?oia? cai?e (aea?aeaai? ? i?noeaa? - 7% aa?oino? oiaa?o) 6,51 7,0 6,65 7,0 8,89 7,8Aeo?aoe ii o?ainii?ooaaiith a?ae ia?a?iaiiai i?aei?e?inoaa aei ei?aeiio 8,00 8,6 15,00 15,8 13,00 11,3Aa?o?noue aeo?ao aeaaaoi?a37,0039,830,0031,527,0023,7O?ainii?ooaaiiy a?ae ainiiaea?noa aei aeaaaoi?a 3,00 3,2 2,50 2,6 2,50 2,2Oe?ia ainiiaea?noaa38,3541,240,7142,962,4454,8· i?iaiaeeoe aeoeaio iie?oeeo uiaei ?icoe?aiiy aenii?oo oo?aaeiiai ca?ia, i?iaiaey/e i?e oeueiio aioeiiiiiieueiee eiio?ieue ca ae?yeuei?noth ianeoaiaoth/eo i?aei?e?inoa. sseui aeo?aoe ia?eaoeiaiaiai eaioethaa iinooiiai i?eaanoe o a?aeiia?aei?noue aei oiai, yeeie aiie ? o aenii?oii???ioiaaieo e?a?iao (a aeaiiio ?ic?aooieo - o NOA), oi oe?a?inueea oo?aaeia ca?ii caeeoeoueny eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiei ? i?eaooeiaei (oaae. 5). AENIIAEE ? I?IIICEOe?? 1. Ca?iiaee ?eiie Oe?a?ie, yeee ?nioaaa aei 1990 ?ieo, a iine?aeoth/? ?iee caciaa ?noioieo ia?aoai?aiue: · i?ioean ?aae?caoe?? iinooiiai aea?eueiy?oueny a?ae aei?noei? ii?ee oa eiio?ieth aea?aeaaieo caaio?aaeueieo no?oeoo?, ye? caae?aee ia naaa cia/io /anoeio oiaa?iiai i?iaeoeoo; · nenoaia oe?aii?eeiaeueieo i?aei?e?inoa ia?aoai?aia ia Aea?aeaaio aeoe?iia?io eiiiai?th Oe?a Oe?a?ie oa aeoe?iiiaai? no?oeoo?e a ?aa?iiao; · i?iaeaeea?iaaii i?aai oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ca?ia ?icii?yaeaeaoeny i?iaeoeoe??th ia aeaniee ?icnoae, aeae?aoe iai?yiee caooo, ocaiaeaeoaaoe c ia?oia?aie ii oiaa?iiai?io oe?ie i?iaeoeoo, no?iee iinoaaie ? o.i.; · ?icoe?eeanue ia?aaea eaiae?a caooo ca?ia, ci?ieeanue no?oeoo?a ?iciiae?eo i?iaeoeoe?? ii ieo a a?e ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a i?iaeaaeo aaciina?aaeiuei ianaeaiith oa ia oiiaao aa?oa?iiai iai?io; · a?aeaoaaeiny iinooiiaa ciaioaiiy ianya?a, a c 1998 ?. ? iiaia a?aeiiaa a?ae aea?aecaiiaeaiiy, ye iaiayceiaeo iinoaaie ca?ia a aea?ae?ano?ne; · a?aei?iaia nenoaia ciiaeueii-aeeoa?aioe?eiaaieo oe?i ia ca?ii oa ??cieo aeae?a iaaeaaaie ia ieo, iaoii?noue cai?iaaaeaeaia nenoaia a?eueieo ?eieiaeo ?aeeieo oe?i ia oa?eoi??? aea?aeaae. 2. ?aoi?ioaaiiy ca?iiaiai ?eieo ? aaeoc? ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa a?aeaoaaeiny a ?one? caaaeueiiaeiiii?/ieo ia?aoai?aiue a aa?ii?iieneiaiio eiiieaen? oa ia?aoiaeo aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. I?ioean cae?enithaaany aacnenoaiii, aac iaeaaeiiai iaoeiai-iaoiaee/iiai ? aeiiii?/iiai iaa?oiooaaiiy oa i?iaiico iane?aee?a, aac no?aoaa?/iiai ieaio, caeaa?eueoiai, c iineeaiiyi ia aaoiiaoeci ae?? ?eieo aai ia iiaeeea?noue eiai ?aaoethaaiiy noa?eie aaei?i?no?aoeaieie iaoiaeaie. 3. Iane?aeee 8-??/iiai ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo aeyaeeeny iaaaoeaieie ye c iiceoe?? ?icaeoeo aaeoc? ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa, oae ?c caaaeueii-aea?aeaaieo iiceoe?e. Cia/ii iia??oeeenue caaaeueii-aeiiii?/i? ia?aiao?e ca?iiae?iaieoeoaa, cie?aia c?inea o?oaeii?noe?noue oa nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??, cieceeanue ?aioaaaeuei?noue, ?eieia? oe?ie ia noeioeththoue aeinoaoiueith i??ith ae?iaieea. Ianyae aaeiaiai cai?o ? oiaa?ieo ?ano?n?a ca?ia cia/ii nei?ioeeinue. Aenii?o c?inoa? iia?eueii. 4. Aeine?aeaeaiiy na?ae/aoue, ui ia aoai? oi?ioaaiiy iaoe?iiaeueii? ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee noa? aeioe?eueiei oe?eani?yiiaaia ?aaoethaaiiy i?ioean?a ?icaeoeo ?eie?a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??, cie?aia ca?iiaeo. Aea?aeaaia oi?aae?iiy ia? ni?yiiaoaaoenue a iai?yieo noai?aiiy oaeeo aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a, ye? a noeioethaaee ?icaeoie iiaiioe?iieo ?eie?a, ?i?oe?aoeao oiaa?iae?iaieea ? aoee a iaeneiaeueii aoaeoeaieie. Oae? iaoai?cie iathoue ii?aeioaaoe a iioeiaeueieo ni?aa?aeiioaiiyo aeaiaioe ?eieiaiai naii?aaoethaaiiy c caoiaeaie aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy eiithieoo?ith ?eieo. A i??o oaeineiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ae?? aeaiaio?a naii?aaoethaaiiy ? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy a aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?ci? ?eieo ca?ia iinooiiai ca?eueooaaoeiaoueny ia ei?enoue ia?oiai. 5. Nooi?noue aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy ca?iiaeo ?eie?a a Oe?a?i? iieyaa? a oiio, uia i?aeo?eioaaoe c?inoath/ee ??aaiue iiieoo, a oaeiae noeioethaaoe noaa?eueiee, aenieiaoaeoeaiee ?icaeoie aaeoc? ia iniia? i?aeaeuaiiy iaoeiai-oaoiieia?/iiai ??aiy, caeaoaaeaiiy ? iie?auaiiy niiaeeaieo yeinoae i?iaeoeoe??, ia?iuoaaiiy ?? aenii?oiiai iioaioe?aeo a ?ioa?anao ae?iaiee?a, niiaeeaa/?a oa noni?euenoaa a oe?eiio. Caoiaee aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee, a ia?oo /a?ao, iathoue aooe iai?aaeai? ia noai?aiiy iiaiioe?iiiai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua oeyoii: · ?ic?iaee caeiiiaeaa/eo iniia ae?yeueiino? ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a; · ni?eyiiy ?icaeoeo iioiai-caooiai? oa ianeoaiaoth/i? oi?a?aeth ia?aae?; · noai?aiiy ia ?aa?iiaeueiiio ??ai? ?ioi?iaoe?eii?, noaiaea?oecaoe?eii?, na?oeo?eaoe?eii? nenoai; · caaacia/aiiy aioeiiiiiieueiiai caoenoo oiaa?iae?iaieea; · cai?iaaaeaeaiiy Aea?aeaaiiai ?ioa?aaioe?eiiai oiiaeo noaa?e?caoe?? ca?iiaiai ?eieo; · noai?aiiy ni?eyoeeaeo oiia aeey iaaeoiaeaeaiiy ? oe?eueiaiai ni?yioaaiiy ?iaanoeoe?e o aaeocue aeey i?aeaeuaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? ca?iii?iaeoeoe?? ia aioo??oiueiio ? ciai?oiueiio ?eieao. Ine?eueee oe? caoiaee ?ic?aoiaai? ia aeiaaino?ieiao ae?th ? noi?iaiaeaeothoueny i?aeaeuaiiyi aoaeoeaiino? ?aae?caoe?? ca?ia, oi aiie iathoue aooe aenieiieoiieie. 6. Aaoi?nuee? eiithieoo?i? i?iaiice ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2000-2005 ??. na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui ?eiee i?iaeiaieue/iai, oo?aaeiiai ca?ia ? ian?iiy iaoeiooue ??ciee nooi?iue iane/aiino?, a eiithieoo?a, ui anoaiiaethaaoeiaoueny ia ieo, ye ?acoeueoao ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??, aoaea ia a iaeiaeia?e i??? caaeia?eueiyoe ??ci? a?oie ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a. A oeeo oiiaao, uia oieeiooe cai?oaiiy ?eie?a iiaea noaoe iio??aiith aea?aeaaia i?aeo?eiea iaaieo a?oi ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a o niaoeeo?/ieo oi?iao. Aea?? iaoai?ci?a aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy ? aecia/aiiy nooiaith ?aaoeueiaaiino? ??cieo ?eie?a cia/iith i??ith caeaaeaoeia a?ae oiai, ye? noie eioo?a iiaeooue aooe aeae?eai? a athaeaeao? ia oe? oe?e?, eiio aiie aae?anoaaoeiooueny, a ye?e i??? caeiiiaeaanoai aeicaieyoeia cae?enithaaoe ia?a?iciiae?e aeioiae?a ?eieiaeo noa?eo?a ? o. ?i. 7. Iaea?eueo aoaeoeaieie iai?yieaie aea?aeaaii? i?aeo?eiee aeey noa?eo?a an?o ca?iiaeo ?eie?a, ia aeoieo aaoi?a, iiaeooue aooe: · iaaeaiiy oe?eueiaeo i?eueaiaeo e?aaeeo?a i?ae iiiaeaiiy iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ii? aace oa i?ae iie?ioaiiy caaacia/aiino? iai?ioieie eiooaie ca oi/eiaei i?eioeeiii; · i?eueaiaa no?aooaaiiy oiaa?iae?iaieea; · cai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ioa?aaioe?eii? oi?a?ae?; · iieaaoaiiy iiaeaoeiaiai i?ano; · noaa?e?caoe?y eo?no a?eai?; · i?iaaaeaiiy aioeiiiiiieueii? iie?oeee ii a?aeiioaiith aei noa?e, ianeoaiaoth/i? oiaa?iae?iaieea ca?ia. 3. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy a?aeia?aaeai? a oaeeo ioae?eaoe?yo: ?. Iiiia?ao??, a?ioo?e, iin?aieee 1. Ooaeie?e E.I. Aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? (iaeiiin?aia iiiia?ao?y), - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1998. - 204 n. (18,13 ae?. a?e.). 2. Oe?iiooai?aiiy a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a AIE /I.O.Naaeoe, A.I.Neoiee, I.I.Oie/ae, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.TH.I?ioania, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, C.I.I?eiea?aa, ?.I.Ianetheia, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, A.N.Eeniai?, A.I.Oaa/aiei. - E.: A?IIE, 1997. - 503n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 29,52 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a ?icae?e 2.1, 2.4, 3.4 n. 91-92, 98-104, 121-123, 136-140, 147, 209-217 (i?eioeeie oe?iiooai?aiiy a ia?ao?aeiiio ia??iae?, iaa?oiooaaiiy ii?ie oa iane i?eaooeo ia ca?ii, noa?oia? caeoi?aaeuei? oe?ie, iaoiaee/i? i?eioeeie aecia/aiiy aeo?ao a oiiaao ?ioeyoe??, ?eieiaee ca?o ii ca?io). 3. Ooaeie?e E.I., Ai?ueiaee A.I. Oi?aia? aeiie // Oiaa?i? a??ae? a Oe?a?i?: aiae?c ae?yeueiino?, caeiiiaeaa/a iiea, ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo /Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, I.I.Oie/aea - E.: A?IIE 1997. - 427 n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 25,11 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 140-147 (?noi??y ?icaeoeo oi?aiaeo aeii?a, iniiai? caaaeaiiy, ooieoe??). 4. I?eiea?aa C.I., Ooaeie?e E.I. Ca?iii?iaeoeoiaee eiiieaen //O?iainiaee ? oe?iiaee iaoai?ci AIE a oiiaao ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieo /I.O.Naaeoe, I.ss.Aeaiyiaiei, E.I.Ooaeie?e oa ?i. / Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, I.ss.Aeaiyiaiea, I.I.Oie/aea, Ae.A.Iieicaiea. - E.: O?iaeae, 1993. - 352 n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 20,46 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a - n. 249-253 (oe?ie ? nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe?? ca?iiia?a?iaee, oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ia oe?a). 5. Ooaeie?e E.I., ?iiaiaiei I.?., I?ae ?.I. I?iaeaie ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe?? //O?iainiaee ? oe?iiaee iaoai?ci /I.O.Naaeoe, I.ss.Aeaiyiaiei, I.I.Oie/ae oa ?i. / Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, I.ss.Aeaiyiaiea, I.I.Oie/aea, Ae.A.Iieicaiea. - E.: O?iaeae, 1993. - 352 n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 20,46 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a - n. 303, 305-307 (i?iaeaie ?aae?caoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe??, ?icaeoie eaiae?a ?aae?caoe??). 6. Ooaeie?e E.I. Nei?i/aiiy ao?ao ca?ia i?e o?ainii?ooaaii? oa ia?aeii?e ia?iaoe? a ainiiaea?noaao. ?aoe?iiaeueia i?aai?caoe?y caaio?aaeue ca?ia a aea?ae?ano?ne. Iaoa??aeueia noeioethaaiiy ca cieaeaiiy ao?ao ? i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? ?ineeiieoeueei? i?iaeoeoe??: ca?iia? eoeueoo?e, niiyoiee //?aca?ae nei?i/aiiy ao?ao o ?ineeiieoeoa? /I.?. ?iiaiaiei, A.?.A?ooei, E.I.Ooaeie?e oa ?i. /Ca ?aae. I.?. ?iiaiaiea. - E.: O?iaeae, 1990. - 312 n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 12,68 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 44-45, 45-53, 280-283, 283-287. 7. Ooaeie?e E.I., Uo? I.?., Eo?eei E.?. ?eiie ca?ia //?eiie i?iaeiaieuenoaa /Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, A.?.Aieea. - E.: A?IIE, 1996. - 279 n. (eieaeoeaia iiiia?ao?y 16,27 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 47-53 (oiaa?ia i?iiiceoe?y ca?ia). 8. Ui o?aaa ciaoe i?i ia?eaoeia? /I.O.Naaeoe, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.I.?ea?ioeaa, A.I.Aoci?. - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1995. - 85 n. (5,6 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a ?icae. O, aeiaeaoee 1-21 n. 39-74 (ia?eaoeiaiaa aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeiaieue/eo ?eie?a Oe?a?ie ca 1990-1994 ??.). 9. I?i noai ?aoi?ioaaiiy ? noai?aiiy oiia aeey noaa?e?caoe?? oa aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie. Ooaeie?e E.I., Oie/ae I.I., Ianetheia ?.I., Ceiiaaoeue A.I., I?eiea?aa C.I., Ia?aaoaea A.E. / Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, A.ss.Ianaeue-Aanaeyea, TH.ss.Eocaia, E.I.Iiaeieaithea. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1998. - 118 n. (7,5 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 60-67, 76-78, 83-84 (i?aai?caoe?y ?eieiai? ?io?ano?oeoo?e, aeo?ae c e?eciaiai noaio, aa?oa?i? iia?aoe??). 10. Iin?aiee ii oi?ioaaiith ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua i?aei?e?inoa AIE. Ooaeie?e E.I., Naaeoe I.O., Oie/ae I.I., Ianetheia ?.I., Oaa/aiei A.I., I?eiea?aa C.I., Ceiiaaoeue A.I., Aaionaiei TH.ss., ss?ineaanueea O.A., A?oeianueeee I.I., ss?iieaiei O.I., Naia?iae/ I.A., Eiaooa ?.A. / Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, I.ss.Aeaiyiaiea. - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1997 . - 600 n. (eieaeoeaia aeaeaiiy 40,02 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 250-257, 273 (oeiiaa iieiaeaiiy i?i i?ae?aa?iiaeueiee oa ?aeiiiee aa?ioi?aiaee ae?i, ii?iaoeaia nia?aa?o?noue ? caeoi?aaeueia oe?ia ioaieoe?). 11. Ooaeie?e E.I., ?aiao/aiei E.O. Aea?aeaaia caiiaeaiiy ye aaae?eue ?aaoethaaiiy ?eieo i?iaeiaieuenoaa //?eiie i?iaeiaieuenoaa, ?io?ano?oeoo?a ? iaoai?ci ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei (aeiiia?aeue-aiae?c) /Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1994. - 127 n. (eieaeoeaia i?aoey 8 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a 114-115, 117 (noeioethaaiiy aea?aecaiiaeaiiy). 12. Iin?aiee aeey i?aeoe/ii? ?iaioe uiaei i?enei?aiiy oi?ioaaiiy ? ?icaeoeo ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua a AIE Oe?a?ie /I.O.Naaeoe, I.I.Oie/ae, ?.I.Ianetheia, A.I.Oaa/aiei, E.I.Ooaeie?e, C.I.I?eiea?aa, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, TH.ss.Aaionaiei, I.A.Naia?iae/, I.I.A?oeianueeee, A.N.Ae??nia?ia, A.?.Ooiaeei, ?.A.Eiaooa, O.A.ss?ineaanueea. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1997 . - 123 n. (4,3 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 15-16 (aa?ioi?aiaee ae?i). 2. Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??, ?aeiiaiaeaoe??, eiioeaioe?? 13. Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaeeea oi?ioaaiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy oe?iiaiai iaoai?cio AIE a ia?ao?aeiee ia??iae aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee /I.I.Oie/ae, I.O.Naaeoe, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.I.Neoiee, A.TH.I?ioania, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, C.I.I?eiea?aa, A.A.Neoeo, ?.I.Ianetheia, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, ?.E.Aieei, A.I.A?eao, ?.I.I?ae. - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1993 . - 63 n., a o./. aaoi?a n. 51-57 (?aaoethaaiiy ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa oa caaio?aaeue, oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ii eaiaeao) 14. Eiioeaioe?y oe?iiooai?aiiy ia i?iaeoeoe?th AIE a ia?ao?aeiee ia??iae aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee /I.I.Oie/ae, I.O.Naaeoe, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.I.Neoiee, A.TH.I?ioania, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, C.I.I?eiea?aa, A.A.Neoeo, ?.I.Ianetheia, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, A.I.Iineaeaiei. - E.: 1993 . - 23 n. (2,0 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 20-22 (aeiiii?/ia ?aaoethaaiiy caaio?aaeue, oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ii ??cieo eaiaeao). 15. Eiio?aeoia nenoaia oi?ioaaiiy i?iaeiaieue/eo ? ne?iaeiieo ?ano?n?a /E.I.Ooaeie?e, ss.E.A?eionueei, A.I.I?ooeueei, I.Ae.Ae?aeoe. - E.: ?AA OAAI, 1995 . - 33 n. (2,3 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 3-6, 12-15, 27-32 (iniiai? i?eioeeie oi?ioaaiiy i?iaeiaieue/eo ? ne?iaeiieo ?ano?n?a ia eiio?aeoi?e iniia?,eiio?aeoe oa i?aaeea eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo). 16. Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? iia?aoeaiiai aecia/aiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ia i?iaeoeoe?th n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? ia?a?iaii? i?iieneiaino? a oiiaao ?ioeyoe?? /I.I.Oie/ae, E.I.Ooaeie?e, ?.I.Ianetheia, A.N.Eeniai?, A.TH.I?ioania, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, C.I.I?eiea?aa, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, ?.E.Aieei, A.I.A?eao, A.E.Ia?aaoaea, A.I.Oaa/aiei, I.A.Naia?iae/, I.I.Eoeyiaiei, E.A.Oaaei?iaa, A.I.Ia/ei, O.I.ss?iieaiei, E.O.?aiao/aiei, ?.A.Eiaooa. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1995. - 58 n. (4,7 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 4-9, 12-23, 44 (iaoiaee/i? i?eioeeie aecia/aiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa ia ?ineeiieoeueeo i?iaeoeoe?th a oiiaao ?ioeyoe??, iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo noaoae aeo?ao ii aeaiaioao) 17. ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii noai?aiith ? ooieoe?iioaaiith ?eieo ca?ia ? oe?aii?iaeoeo?a /E.I.Ooaeie?e, I.?.Uo?, A.E.Ia?aaoaea, ?.I.Iac?e, A.I.Iiaeue/aiei, N.N.Aaeae, A.N.E?naoeueeee. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1994 . - 65 n. (3,5 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 41-49, 51-54 (aiae?c ? i?iaiic oiaa?ii? i?iiiceoe?? ia 1995 ?., no?oeoo?a eaiae?a ?aae?caoe??, a??aeiaa oi?a?aey, aeanoe/i?noue iiieoo ia oe?aii?iaeoeoe, ae?iaie/ee iiieo ia ca?ii). 18. Oi?ioaaiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa oe?i a eiia?ei?iia?e i?iieneiaino? i?e ia?aoiae? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei (iaoiaee/i? iieiaeaiiy) /Ooaeie?e E.I., Oie/ae I.I., Ia?aaoaea A.E., Ianetheia ?.I., Neoiee A.I., No?aoiae/ I.A., ss?ineaanueea O.A., Oaiiaaeaiei I.?., Ieaiae?e A.A., Aaiiithe ?.?. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1997 . - 34 n. (2,2 ae?. a?e., a o./. aaoi?a n. 24-33 (iaoiaeeea iia?aoeaiiai aecia/aiiy nia?aa?oino? ? oe?i ia ca?iiao ne?iaeio). 19. Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii i?aai?caoe?? ? ooieoe?iioaaiith nenoaie oe?iiaiai iii?oi?eiao a aa?ii?iieneiaiio eiiieaen? Oe?a?ie /I.I.Oie/ae, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.I.Neoiee, ?.I.Ianetheia, A.I.Oaa/aiei, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, C.I.I?eiea?aa, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, O.I.Ne?na?, I.A.Naia?iae/, E.O.?aiao/aiei, ?.A.Eiaooa, A.I.Ia/ei, TH.Ae.A?eee, A.N.Eeniai?, A.?.Ai?iaei?e, A.E.Ia?aaoaea. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1998. - 69 n. (3,0 ae?. a?e., a o./. aaoi?a n. 7-11 (noai ?ioi?iaoe?eii? ?io?ano?oeoo?e, iaa?oioiaaia iaiao?aei?noue nenoaie oe?iiaiai iii?oi?eiao a Oe?a?i?). 20. ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii aecia/aiith aa?oino? ni?oiaeine?ae?a ? i?aai?caoe?? ?eieo iineoa a nenoai? ni?oiaei?iaoaaiiy oa ioi?iie ni?o?a ?ineei a Oe?a?i? /E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.A.Aiaeiaeaa, A.I.AEiai??, A.I.Ai?i?naae/. - E.: AeII Aea?aeaaii? Eii?n?? Oe?a?ie ii aei?iaoaaiith oa ioi?ii? ni?o?a ?ineei, 1998. - 18 n. (1,22 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 4-11, 14-15 (caaaeuei? iieiaeaiiy, iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo aa?oino? ni?oiaeine?aeo oa ?icoe?iie ia ni?oiaeine?aee ii eoeueoo?ao). 21. Nie?auaiea iioa?ue i?iaeoeoeee ?anoaieaaiaenoaa a i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa, caaioiaie, o?aiaiey e ia?a?aaioee (iao/iue aeieeaae-aiaeec) /E.I.Ooaeieee, A.A.I?ioania. A.E.A?ooei, I.A.?iiaiaiei, I.E.Oieea/. - E.: III Oe?IEEIOE, 1988. - 49 n. (3,02 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 3-14 (aiaeec e i?aaeeiaeaiey ii nie?auaieth iioa?ue ca?ia). 22. Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii nie?auaieth iioa?ue ca?ia eieiniauo, e?oiyiuo e ca?iiaiaiauo eoeueoo? /E.I.Ooaeieee, I.Ae.Aaeaiei, A.N.Aii/a?ia, A.E.Ieeei/aiei, O.E.Aeanthe, A.I.Eino?iieoei, E.O.Iacee, A.A.Iiaeue/aiei, E.I.?oeaa/aiei /Iiae ?aae. E.I.Ooaeieee. - E.: III Oe?IEEIOE, 1988. - 58 n. (3,49 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 1-3, 48-51, 53-57 (aeaeu, enoi/ieee, i?e/eiu iioa?ue, iineaoai?i/iay ia?aaioea e o?aiaiea. 23. Ooaeieee E.I., Oiaeaethe A. ?aeiiaiaeaoeee i ii?yaeea ?an/aoa oa?eoia ia ?aaiou oeaaii?eaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee ii nooea e i/enoea ca?ia e naiyi ianee/iuo eoeueoo? n iiauoaiiie aeaaeiinoueth e cani?aiiinoueth. - E.: OeOII Ainaa?ii?iia ONN?. - 1987. - n. (2,0 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 1-30 (iaoiaeeea ?an/aoa oa?eoia oeaaii?eaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee ia ?aaiou ii nooea e i/enoea, oa?eou ia ca?ii). 24. Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii nie?auaieth iioa?ue ca?ia eoeo?ocu /E.I.Ooaeieee, I.A.Ooaeaeue, A.E.Eeoi?aiei, I.E.Anei/oe, A.E.Iaoiaiei, I.ss.Ee?ia, A.A.Ao?ueaa, I.E.Eeneeue, ?.E.Aieei, I.A.Aanaaeei / Iiae ?aae. E.I.Ooaeieee. - E.: III Oe?IEEIOE, 1988. - 35 n. (2,09 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 1-2, 21-27 (noeioee?iaaiea ca nie?auaiea iioa?ue eoeo?ocu, nie?auaiea iioa?ue i?e iineaoai?i/iie ia?aaioea e o?aiaiee). 25. Iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii nie?auaieth iioa?ue ei?iia a i?ioeanna eo i?iecaiaenoaa, caaioiaee, o?aiaiey e eniieueciaaiey /I.O.Naaeoe, E.I.Ooaeieee, I.ss.Eooaeae, I.E.Oieea/, A.A.Aocianeee, O.E.Aeanthe, A.A.Eia?eaa, A.A.Oaoueei, E.I.Eo?eiiay, I.O.Eoeee, N.E.Ieueoeineee, A.A.Oeie/, E.N.I?ieiiaiei, A.I.Eo?iaaa. - E.: III Oe?IEEIOE, 1988. - 36 n. (2,09 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 1-5 (iaoiaee/aneea iniiau ii?aaeaeaiey yeiiiie/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe ia?ii?eyoee ii nie?auaieth iioa?ue). 26. Iaoiaee/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? iia?aoeaiiai aecia/aiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa oi?ioaaiiy oe?i ia n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeo i?iaeoeoe?th /I.I.Oie/ae, I.O.Naaeoe, E.I.Ooaeie?e, A.TH.I?ioania, C.I.I?eiea?aa, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, ?.I.Ianetheia, A.N.Eeniai?, A.I.Ceiiaaoeue, ?.E.Aieei, A.I.A?eao, E.A.Oaaei?iaa, A.I.Oaa/aiei, I.A.Naia?iae/, A.E.Ia?aaoaea, O.I.ss?iieaiei, A.I.Ia/ei, ?.A.Eiaooa. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1994. - 42 n. (2,5 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 5-9, 12-14, 28 (iaoiaeeea ?ic?aooieo nia?aa?oino? ?ineeiieoeueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a o./. ca?ia). 3. Noaoo? a iaoeiaeo ? iaoeiai-iiioey?ieo aeo?iaeao 27. Ooaeie?e E.I. ?icaeoie ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? // Aeiiii?ea AIE. - 1997. - ? 9. - N. 64-70. 28. Ooaeie?e E.I. Ca?iiaee ?eiie Oe?a?ie: oaiaeaioe?? ? i?iaiic eiithieoo?e ia 1998/99 ia?eaoeiaiaee ??e // Aa?i?ieii. - 1998. - ? 9.-10. N. 22-26. 29. Ooaeie?e E.I. Aea?aeaaa ? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee oiaa?iae?iaiee: ii?aeiaiiy ?ioa?an?a // Aeiiii?ea AIE. - 1995. - ? 3. - N. 10-15. 30. Ooaeie?e E.I. Oi?ioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? // Aeiiii?ea ? i?aai?caoe?y n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa. - E.: O?iaeae, 1992. - Aei. 91.- N. 49-53. 31. Ooaeie?e E.I. Oi?ioaaiiy ?io?ano?oeoo?e i?iaeiaieue/iai ?eieo // Oe?iiooai?aiiy a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a AIE. - E.: A?IIE, 1997. - N. 168-179. 32.?eeuenueea I., Ooaeie?e E.I. Ia?eaoeiaia? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?eieo ian?iiy ca?iiaeo eieiniaeo eoeueoo? Oe?a?ie: ooieoe?iiaeueiee i?aeo?ae // Aeiiii?ea AIE. - 1994. - ? 2-3. - N. 35-37 (nooue ooieoe?iiaeueiiai i?aeoiaeo aei aiae?co ?eieo ian?iiy). 33. Ooaeie?e E.I. Oe?iiooai?aiiy oa i?iaeaie i?ioaeoe?ii?cio /?.A.Eiaooa, O.A.ss?ineaanueea, A.I.A?eao, I.A.Naia?iae/, A.I.Oaa/aiei, A.I.Ia/ei // Oe?iiooai?aiiy a oiiaao oi?ioaaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a AIE /Ca ?aae. I.O.Naaeoea, A.I.Neoieea, I.I.Oie/aea. - E.: A?IIE, 1997. - 501 n., a o./. aaoi?a - ?icae. 3.4.1, n. 254-266 (Ca?ii ioaieoe? ??? eeano). 34. Ooaeie?e E.I., I?ae ?.I. ?ieue oiaa?ieo a??ae o ?icaeoeo ?eieo i?iaeiaieuenoaa // Aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie. - 1992. - ? 9. - N. 61-64 (niaoeeo?ea oi?ioaaiiy oe?a?inueeeo a??ae, caeiiiaeaanoai). 35. Ooaeie?e E.I. Aoaea eiieo?aioini?iiiaeia oe?a?inueea ca?ii? // N?euenuee? ia???. - 1997. - ?10-12. - N. 10-12. 36. Ooaeieee E.I. Ca?iiaie ?uiie Oe?aeiu: aiaeec e i?iaiic ?acaeoey //Ii?ou Oe?aeiu. - 1998. - ? 3. - N. 68-69. 37. Ooaeieee E.I. Ia?niaeoeau ?uiea ca?ia Oe?aeiu // Ii?ou Oe?aeiu. - 1997. - ? 2. - N. 47. 38. Hudoliy L.M. Market condition for world grain market: what should Ukrainian market operators expect from it? // Agrovisnyk. - 1998. - # 21. - p. 23-24. 39. Hudoliy L.M. Grain market Development in Ukraine and Forecasting of Market Condition for 1998/99 Marketing year // Agrovisnyk. - 1998. - # 20. - p. 20-23. 40. Ooaeie?e E.I. Oe?aeineee ca?iiaie ?uiie a 1998/99 ia?eaoeiaiaii aiaeo // Aa?iaanoiee. - 1998. - ? 24. - N. 19. 41. Ooaeie?e E.I., Iiai??eaoeue ?.O., Iao?eia E.A., Oeiioaiei E.I. Iioi/iee noai ? i?iaiic ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? ia 1996/97 ??. /Iaeyaeiaee ca?o ?eie?a iniiaieo aeae?a aa?ii?iieneiaeo oiaa??a Oe?a?ie. - E.: ?AA OAAI. 1997. - 88 n. (5,5 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n.9-13 (niiaeeaaiiy oe?iiaa neooaoe?y). 42. Ooaeie?e E.I., Eiaooa ?.A. ?eiie ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic ia 1997/98 ia?eaoeiaiaee ??e /?eiie n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic. Ae?oaee aeione. - E.: INAI Oe?a?ie, ?AA OAAI. 1997. (10,2 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 6-12 (i?iiiceoe?y ? iiieo ia ca?iiaiio ?eieo). 43. Ooaeie?e E.I., Eiaooa ?.A. ?eiie ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic ia 1997/98 ia?eaoeiaiaee ??e //?eiie n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic. O?ao?e aeione. Eenoiiaae 1997 ?. - E.: INAI Oe?a?ie, ?AA OAAI. 1997. - 152 n. (10,2 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 6-15 (i?iiiceoe?y ? iiieo ia ?eieo ca?iiaeo). 44. Ooaeie?e E.I., Eiaooa ?.A., I?eiea?aa C.I. ?eiie ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic ia 1998/99 ia?eaoeiaiaee ??e //?eiie n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic. *aoaa?oee aeione. Eeiaiue 1998 ?. - E.: INAI Oe?a?ie, ?AA OAAI. 1998. - 124 n. (10,2 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 10-15 (iiieo, oi?a?aey ca?iii ? oe?iiaa neooaoe?y). 45. Ooaeie?e E.I., Eiaooa ?.A., Iiai??eaoeue ?.O. ?eiie ca?iiaeo a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic. //Iaeyae a??aeiaiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ?eieo ca ia?oa i?a??//y 1997 ?ieo. - E.: IAAO - Eaiii?en ?ioa?iaoie. 1997. - 41 n. (3,04 ae?. a?e.), a o./. aaoi?a n. 28-37, 41 (i?iiiceoe?y, iiieo, ia?eaoeiaia? eaiaee ?aae?caoe??, i?iaiic oe?i ia y/i?iue ? eoeo?oaeco). 46. Ia?aaoaea A.E., Ooaeie?e E.I., Iaianaiei E.?. ?eiie ei?i?a a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic ia 1997/98 ia?eaoeiaiaee ??e //?eiie n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? i?iaeoeoe?? a Oe?a?i?: iioi/ia eiithieoo?a ? i?iaiic. Ae?oaee aeione. - E.: INAI Oe?a?ie, ?AA OAAI. 1997. - N.79-80 (oe?iiaa eiithieoo?a ia ca?ii oo?aaeieo eoeueoo?). 47. Ooaeie?e E.I., Iiai??eaoeue ?.O., Iao?eia E.A.,Oeiioaiei E.A. ?eieiaee ca?o: Iioi/iee noai ? i?iaiic ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i? ia 1996/97 ??e // I?iiiceoe?y. - 1996. - ? 8. - N. 12-14 (niiaeeaaiiy, oe?iiaa neooaoe?y). 48. Ooaeie?e E.I. I ii?yaeea oaea?aeaiey n eieoicia e niaoicia ca nooeo e i/enoeo ca?ia e naiyi ianee/iuo eoeueoo? // Caeoiee naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?iaeoeoia. - 1987. - ? 12. - N. 53-54. Aiioaoe?? Ooaeie?e E.I. Aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eieo ca?ia a Oe?a?i?. - ?oeiien. Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.07.02 - Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? AIE. - ?inoeooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI, Ee?a, 1999. ?icaeyiooi oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae oi?ioaaiiy oa ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?eie?a ca?ia ? ca?iii?iaeoeo?a. I?iaiae?ciaaii ?icaeoie ca?iiaiai ?eieo Oe?a?ie ca o?e inoaii? aeanyoe??//y, aecia/aii oaiaeaioe?? o na?oia?e oi?a?ae? ca?iii ? i?noea Oe?a?ie ia na?oiaiio ?eieo. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a ? ia ?? iniia? cae?eniaii ioe?ieo iaoai?ci?a ?aaoethaaiiy ca?iiaiai ?eieo 90-o ?ie?a. C o?aooaaiiyi i?iaiicii? eiithieoo?e ca?iiaeo ?eie?a ii?aoeueiaai? aeiiii?/i? iaoai?cie ?eie?a i?iaeiaieue/iai ? oo?aaeiiai ca?ia oa ?eieo ian?iiy ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2000-2005 ??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aeei?enoai? a ii?iaoeaieo aeieoiaioao oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?yo ae?iaieoeoao. Eeth/ia? neiaa: ?eiie ca?iiaeo, ia?eaoeia, aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci, i?iaiic eiithieoo?e ?eieo, ?eieiaa na?aaeiaeua, oe?ia, aoaeoeai?noue. Annotation Khoudoli L.M., Economic mechanism of grain market forming and functioning in Ukraine. Manuscript. Thesis for the scientific degree of Doctor of Economic Sciences on speciality 08.07.02—Economy of agriculture and agro-industrial complex. The Institute of Agrarian Economics of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, 1999. Theoretical and methodological bases of formation and functioning the grain and grain products markets have been considered. The development of the grain market of Ukraine for the past thirty years has been analyzed, trends of the world trade with grain and role of Ukraine in the world market have been determined. The methodology of estimation the effectiveness of the economic mechanisms has been developed. Basing on it, the mechanisms of regulation the grain market of 90-th have been estimated. The economic mechanisms of food and feed grain markets and seed market for the future by 2000-2005 years have been developed considering forecasting environment of the grain markets. Main results of the work have been used in the legislative documents and production recommendations. Key words: grain crops market, marketing, economic mechanism, forecast of market conditions, market environment, price, efficiency. Ooaeieee E.I. Yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci oi?ie?iaaiey e ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uiea ca?ia a Oe?aeia. ?oeiienue. Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.07.02 - Yeiiiieea naeueneiai oicyenoaa e AIE. - Einoeooo aa?a?iie yeiiiieee OAAI, Eeaa, 1999. A ?aaioa ?anniio?aiu oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieiae/aneea iniiau oi?ie?iaaiey e ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uieia ca?ia e ca?iii?iaeoeoia. ?ane?uaaaony yeiiiie/aneay nouiinoue ?uiea e ianoi ca?iiauo ?uieia a ?uii/iie nenoaia Oe?aeiu. Aeathony noaiu naaiaioaoeee aa?aaaoeaiiai ?uiea ca?ia ii iauaeoai iaiaiiuo iia?aoeee, ii noauaeoai eoiee-i?iaeaaee. ?ane?uaaaony no?oeoo?a yeiiiie/aneiai iaoaiecia e aai ?ieue a oi?ie?iaaiee e ooieoeeiie?iaaiee ?uieia. Ooi/iaii ii?aaeaeaiea yeiiiie/aneiai iaoaiecia ca?ia aeey ia?aoiaeiiai e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi ia?eiaea. Eceiaeaia iaoiaeieiaey ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey e oi?aaeaiey ca?iiauie e ca?iii?iaeoeoiauie ?uieaie. ?ac?aaioaia eiaenoe/aneay noaia enneaaeiaaiey ?uieia ca?ia. Onoaiiaeaiu iaoaiaoe/aneea caaeneiinoe iaaeaeo iio?aaeaieai oeaaa e oeaaiaoei/iuo ecaeaeee e oeaiu ia ieo, a oaeaea caaeneiinoe iaaeaeo iio?aaeaieai oeaaii?iaeoeoia e aeioiaeaie ianaeaiey. ?ac?aaioaiu iaoiaee/aneea iiaeoiaeu e enneaaeiaaieth ni?ina e i?aaeeiaeaiey ia ?uieao ca?ia n o/aoii iniaaiiinoae iaoeeiiaeueiie noaoenoeee. A aeenna?oaoeee enneaaeiaaii ?acaeoea ca?iiaiai ?uiea Oe?aeiu e oaiaeaioeee a ie?iaie oi?aiaea ca?iii. Ii?aaeaeaii ianoi Oe?aeiu ia ie?iaii ?uiea ca?ia. Auyaeaiu aiciiaeiinoe ?anoe?aiey yenii?oiie oi?aiaee ca?iii. Onoaiiaeaiu oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey aioo?aiiaai ?uiea ca?ia a Oe?aeia, i?iaiaeece?iaaia yeiiiie/aneay eiiuthieoo?a ?uiea ca?ia 90-o aiaeia. Aeaia ioeaiea iaoaieciai oi?ie?iaaiey noieiinoe e oeai ia ca?ii ia ?aciuo yoaiao ?acaeoey ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee (60-90-a aiaeu). Aeieacaii, /oi i?yiia aiaoaoaeuenoai a oeaiiaoth eiiuthieoo?o ni noi?iiu ainoaea?noaa e onoaiiaeaiea nenoaiu iaycaoaeueiuo ainoaea?noaaiiuo iinoaaie ca?ia anoue aeaeaei ia naiue yooaeoeaiue niinia ?aaoee?iaaiey ?uiea ca?ia. Aaoi?ii aeenna?oaoeee aia?aua a Oe?aeia ?ac?aaioaia i?eaeiaeueiay iaoiaeeea ioeaiee yooaeoeaiinoe iaoaieciia ooieoeeiie?iaaiey oiaa?iuo ?uieia, iaoiaeia ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey. Ia iniiaaiee ?ac?aaioaiiie iaoiaeeee ?ane?uou ianooaau ainoaea?noaaiiuo ?anoiaeia ia ?aaoee?iaaiea ?uiea ioaieoeu, eo no?oeoo?a, yooaeoeaiinoue iaoiaeia ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey e naiiai yeiiiie/aneiai iaoaiecia ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uiea a 90-o aiaeao. Auyaeaiu neaaua noi?iiu i?ioeanna oi?aaeaiey ?uieii ca?ia. A ?aaioa aaoi?ii eceiaeaiu iaoiaee/aneea iiaeoiaeu e i?iaiice?iaaieth eiiuthieoo?u ca?iiauo ?uieia ia ?acee/ioth ia?niaeoeao ia iniiaa niioiioaiey ni?ina e i?aaeeiaeaiey. I?eaiaeyony ?an/aou ia?niaeoea ?acaeoey eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeiaieuenoaaiiiai ca?ia, naiyi e oo?aaeiiai ca?ia aei 2005 a. Ia iniiaa aaeainiaiai iaoiaea auyaeaia noaiaiue ianuuaiiinoe ni?ina ia ?acee/iuo ?uieao. Nieneaoaeai ?ac?aaioai eiiieaen ia? ii ainoaea?noaaiiiio ?aaoee?iaaieth i?ioeanna nicaeaiey iieiioeaiiie ?uii/iie n?aaeu, eioi?ay iiaeao auoue iniiaie aeey ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uieia ca?ia a ?aaeeia, iaeneiaeueii i?eaeeaeaiiii e naii?aaoee?othuaiony. I?aaeeiaeaiu ia?u ii niaa?oainoaiaaieth nenoai: iioiai-nauoiaie e o?ainii?oii-neeaaeneie, noaiaea?oecaoeee e na?oeoeeaoeee, eioi?iaoeeiiiiai iaania/aiey noauaeoia ?uiea. ?ac?aaioai ?yae iaueo aeey anao ?uieia ia? ii nicaeaieth aeaaii?eyoiuo oneiaee aeey iinooieaiey eiaanoeoeee a io?aneue e oeaeaaiai eo eniieueciaaiey. Aeey eaaeaeiai ec ca?iiauo ?uieia a caaeneiinoe io noaiaie ianuuaiiinoe ni?ina, ia?niaeoea eiiuthieoo?u, n o/aoii aiciiaeiinoae athaeaeaoa ia ?acee/ioth ia?niaeoeao aaoi?ii i?aaeeiaeaiu niaoeeoe/iua iaoaieciu oi?ie?iaaiey e ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uieia, eioi?ua iai?aaeaiu ia nio?aiaiea i?ei?eoaoiinoe ca?iiaie io?anee e ia aa aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea. Aeey aeinoeaeaiey ninoiyiey aeeceiai e ?aaiiaaniiio i?e aic?anoathuai i?aaeeiaeaiee e aeaaii?eyoiie aeey oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaey eiiuthieoo?a ia ?uiea i?iaeiaieuenoaaiiiai ca?ia aaoi?ii i?aaeeaaaaony noeioee?iaaoue ca n/ao ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?ia?ai ni?in iaeiaiaa iaania/aiiuo neiaa ianaeaiey ia oeaaii?iaeoeou, iaania/eoue i?iaaaeaiea eeaa?aeueiie yenii?oii?eaioe?iaaiiie iieeoeee. Iaoaieciu aa ?ac?aaioaiu a aeenna?oaoeee. I?aaeeiaeaiu yeiiiie/aneea iaoaieciu ia?aueaaiey i?aaeeiaeaiey i?iaeiaieuenoaaiiiai ca?ia a e?aoei- e n?aaeian?i/iie ia?niaeoeaa ia iniiaa ni/aoaiey iao?aaeeoeeiiiuo aeey Oe?aeiu yeaiaioia ?uii/iie iiaeaea?aeee aeioiaeia oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaeae n iaoaieciaie ainoaea?noaaiiiai ?aaoee?iaaiey. Aeey noeioee?iaaiey ?acaeoey naiaiiuo ?uieia aaoi?ii i?aaeeiaeaiu niaoeeoe/iua yeiiiie/iua iaoaieciu noeioee?iaaiey. Ea?aeeiaeueiui niiniaii iiaeaea?aeee naeaeoeeiia?ia ii?aaeaeaii aiaae?aiea ieaou ca eniieueciaaiea iiauo ni?oia. Aeathony iaoiaee/aneea iiaeoiaeu e en/eneaieth ?iyeoiuo ieaoaaeae. A aeenna?oaoeee oaeaea i?eaiaeyony aeiiiie/aneea iaoaieciu oi?ie?iaaiey e yooaeoeaiiai ?acaeoey ca?iioo?aaeiiai ?uiea, iai?aaeaiiua ia noeioee?iaaiea aioo?aiiaai ni?ina i?iecaiaeeoaeae aeeaioiiaiae/aneie i?iaeoeoeee, iiaeaea?aeeo ?acaeoey eiiaeei?iiaie i?iiuoeaiiinoe e oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaeae oo?aaeiiai ca?ia. Iniiaiua ?acoeueoaou ?aaiou eniieueciaaiu a ii?iaoeaiuo aeieoiaioao e ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo i?iecaiaenoao. Eeth/aaua neiaa: ?uiie ca?iiauo, ia?eaoeia, yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci, i?iaiic eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea, ?uii/iay n?aaea, oeaia, yooaeoeaiinoue. I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 10.11.1998 ?. Oi?iao 60 o 841 / 16. Iai?? ae?oe. ? 2. Iae.-aeae. a?e. 2.0. Oi. ae?oe. a?e. 2.1 Cai. ? __. Oe?aae 100 Oe?ia aeiaia??ia ?inoeooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI Iie?a?ao?/ia ae?eueieoey 252127, Ee?a - 127, aoe. Aa?i?a Iai?iie, 10

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