18
I?i?noa?noai ioi?iie caei?ia’y Oe?a?ie
Ee?anueea iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E. Ooieea
EIAENUe Oaoyia Ieaenaiae??aia
OAeE:616.832-004.2-08
AOAEOEAI?NOUe CANOINOAAIIss
A?IA?AA?E*II? IENEAAIAOe?? OA AAIINI?AOe??
A EIIIEAENIIIO E?EOAAII? OAI?EO
IA ?ICN?ssIEE NEEA?IC
14.01.15 – ia?aia? oai?iae
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio iaaee/iiio oi?aa?neoao?
?i. I.I. Aiaiiieueoey IIC Oe?a?ie
IAOEIAEE EA??AIEE:
aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? A?ie/oe Noaiai I?eaio?eiae/,
Iaoe?iiaeueiee iaaee/iee oi?aa?neoao ?i. I.I. Aiaiiieueoey IIC Oe?a?ie,
eaoaae?a ia?aiaeo oai?ia, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e.
IO?Oe?EI? IIIIAIOE:
aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Naiinthe ?aai Caoa?iae/, Ee?anueea
iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E. Ooieea IIC Oe?a?ie,
eaoaae?a o?c?ioa?ai?? oa eo?i?oieia??, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e;
aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Iyao Aiaae?ia ?aai?aia, ?inoeooo
ee?i?/ii? ?aae?ieia?? IOe?I AII Oe?a?ie, caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eii.
I?IA?AeIA ONOAIIAA:
?inoeooo aa?iioieia?? AII Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e ee?i?/ii? o?c?ieia?? oa
iaoieia?? ia?aiai? nenoaie (i. Ee?a).
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “27” o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo i 10-00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.613.01 i?e Ee?anuee?e
iaaee/i?e aeaaeai?? i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E. Ooieea IIC Oe?a?ie
(254112, i. Ee?a, aoe. Aei?iaiaeeoeueea, 9, aoae. ?3).
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Ee?anueei?
iaaee/ii? aeaaeai?? i?neyaeeieiiii? ina?oe ?i. I.E. Ooieea IIC Oe?a?ie
(i. Ee?a, aoe. Aei?iaiaeeoeueea, 9).
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 24 ” ea?oiy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,
eaiae. iaae. iaoe, aeioeaio I.?. ?iiaiaiei
Caaaeueia oa?aeoa?enoeea ?iaioe
Aeooaeuei?noue i?iaeaie. ?icn?yiee neea?ic caeia? iaeia c i?ia?aeieo
i?noeue na?aae aeai??e?i?coth/eo caoai?thaaiue oeaio?aeueii? ia?aiai?
nenoaie ethaeeie (J. Hallpike et. al., 1983). Ia oa?eoi??? Oe?a?ie
ca?a?no?iaaii a?eueoa 10 oeny/ oai?eo ia ?icn?yiee neea?ic, 33% c ieo ?
?iaae?aeaie I a?oie, ye? iio?aaothoue noi?iiiueiai iaaeyaeo (N.E.
?aoooaiei oa ni?aaao., 1993; A.A.Caiaaeithe, 1993). O?aaeaiiy in?a
iieiaeiai a?eo, ?iciianthaeaeai?noue oeueiai aaaeeiai caoai?thaaiiy ?
eiai “iiieiaeaeaiiy” ?iaeyoue i?iaeaio aea/aiiy ?N aaaeeeaith ?
aeooaeueiith.
O ca’yceo c a?aenooi?noth ao?io?iiieo cania?a ? iaaecae/aeiith
neeaaei?noth iaoiaaiaco e?eoaaiiy ?icn?yiiai neea?ico aei oaia??oiueiai
/ano ? aeineoue neeaaeiith i?iaeaiith ee?i?/ii? iaa?ieia?? (I.A.
Oiiaeea??ai oa ni?aaao., 1987; TH.I. Naa/aiei oa ni?aaao., 1990; A.I.
Ea?eia, 1992; I.I. ss?io, 1992; I.I. Aecthaa, 1993, 1995; N.E.
?aoooaiei oa ni?aaao., 1993; ?.?. Aon?a oa ni?aaao., 1997; N.I. A?ie/oe
oa ni?aaao., 1995, 1997, 1998; Nieieiaa E.?., 1997, 1998; W. Sibley et
al., 1989; A.F. Helfi, 1994; C.M. Poser, 1997; S.Podobnik et al., 1998).
A?aoiaoth/e iniiai? eaiee iaoiaaiaco, caeeoa?oueny aeooaeueiei
iiaeaeueoa aea/aiiy ii?ooaiue ?ioiii? nenoaie, a?eeiaiai iai?io ?
nenoaie aaiinoaco a ??ci? ia??iaee ia?aa?ao ?N ? i?e ??ciiio nooiai?
eiai oyaeeino? (O.E. Aeueii?ia oa ni?aaao., 1997; Ae.?. Oooeueiai oa
ni?aaao., 1997; I.M.Minderhould, 1994; P.K. Coyle, 1996; P. Stinissen,
1997; M. Blinkerberg et al., 1998). Oea aeanoue iiaeeea?noue ?ic?iaee
iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai e?eoaaiiy oai?eo.
Aeei?enoaiiy ei?oeeinoa?i?ae?a oa ?ioiiiiaeoethth/eo i?aia?ao?a ia
aei?aaaeaei iaae?e ee?i?oeeno?a (A.ss. Ia?ao?i oa ni?aaao., 1991; P.F.
Kirk, 1994; G. Edan, 1997).
Aeey i?aeneeaiiy oa?aiaaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iaaeeeaiaioicii? oa?ai??, a
oaeiae oieeiaiiy iia?/ieo ae?e e?ea?nueeeo cania?a o ee?i?/i?e i?aeoeoe?
ana /ano?oa noaee canoiniaoaaoeny iaiaaeeeaiaioici? iaoiaee e?eoaaiiy:
a?ia?aa?e/ia ieneaaiaoe?y ? aaiini?aoe?y. I?aea?oioyi aeey aeei?enoaiiy
a?ia?aa?e/ii? ieneaaiaoe?? (AAI) a eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? ?N ? aeai?
noiniaii iaaeinoaoiino? i?e aeaiiio caoai?thaaii? ee?oeiieo iaoai?ci?a
?ioi?oaoo, ii?ooaiue iaoaaie?cio a?ieia?/ii aeoeaieo ?a/iaei ? ?icaeoie
eaoaioiiai AeAC-neiae?iio.
O e?oa?aoo?? ? iia?aeiieaiiy i?i oni?oia canoinoaaiiy AAI i?e e?eoaaii?
?N o ee?i?eao ?in??, A?ei?on?? oa a e?a?iao aeaeueiueiai ca?oa?aeaey
(A.?. Aieiae?i oa ni?aaao., 1985; O.I. ??iieaiei oa ni?aaao., 1987;
I.A.Eooeueeee, 1992; A.?.Eo?iai oa ni?aaao., 1995; C. Confavreux et al.,
1986; G. Meneghetti et al., 1990; F. Ruscha, 1990; Q.L. Liu, 1994; X.Xu,
1997). Eeoa ie?ai? ioae?eaoe?? ia Oe?a?i? i?enay/ai? canoinoaaiith
oeueiai iaoiaeo e?eoaaiiy i?e ?N (N.E. ?aoooaiei oa ni?aaao., 1993;).
Iaiao?aeii cacia/eoe, ui aei oaia??oiueiai /ano ia ae?iaeai? /?oe?
ia’?eoeai? e?eoa??? eiio?ieth ca ?acoeueoaoaie e?eoaaiiy iaoiaeii AAI.
Ia aeei?enoiaoaaeanue oaeiae iiaeeea?noue i?aeneeaiiy e?eoaaeueii? ae??
eenith a ii?aeiaii? c i?aeoe??iei aaaaeaiiyi aaia?eio a iaeeo aeicao.
Oiio aeineoue aeooaeueiei ? aea/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? oa ?ic?iaea eiie?aoieo
ee?i?ei-eaai?aoi?ieo iieacaiue uiaei canoinoaaiiy AAI a ii?aeiaii? c
aaia?ei?caoe??th a iaeeo aeicao.
Aeoea?caoe?y aooi?ioiieo ?aaeoe?e c iiyaith eeii?a aooi?aaeoeaieo
e?ioioeeo?a oa Oe?E, iaeiie/aiiy a e?ia? i?iaeoeo?a iaoaaie?cio i?e ?N
aea? i?aenoaao aeey oe?ieiai aeei?enoaiiy aaiini?aoe?? (AN) i?e
e?eoaaii? oeueiai caoai?thaaiiy (A.?. O?aueinueeee oa ni?aaao., 1988;
A.?. Aieiae?i oa ni?aaao., 1986; I.I. Nei?iiaoeue oa ni?aaao., 1991;
A.?. Eo?iai oa ni?aaao., 1995; N.Metalnikova et al., 1988).
Iiaeeea?noue aeinyaiaiiy ?ioiinoeioethth/iai aoaeoo oeyoii ii?aeiaiiy AN
c OOI e?ia? i?e e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N aei oaia??oiueiai /ano a
e?oa?aoo?? ia iaaiai?thaaeanue. Oea aeeeoo? iaiao?aei?noue aea/aiiy
aoaeoeaiino? AN a ii?aeiaii? c OOI e?ia? i?e e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N.
Aeineoue ia?niaeoeaiei iai?yieii i?e e?eoaaii? ?N ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a
i?aeoeeo iiaiai eeano oa?iaeieia?/ieo i?aia?ao?a, ye? ni?yiiaai? ia
??ci? eaiee iaoiaaiaco. Aei oaeeo i?aia?ao?a iaeaaeeoue a?o/eciyiee
i?aia?ao eaoa?ii – aiaeia Intron et Roferon, ?aaoa?iia oa ?ioeo
aaiii?iaeaia?ieo ?aeiia?iaioieo a-2b-?ioa?oa?ii?a, io?eiaieo oeyoii
eeiioaaiiy aaio ?ioa?oa?iio ethaeeie a aaeoa??yo. Aeiaaaeaia
?ioiiiiaeoethth/a oa i?ioea??onia ae?y i?aia?aoo i?e ??cieo
caoai?thaaiiyo (A.I. ?oaeaiei oa ni?aaao., 1995; A.Ae.Aiae oa ni?aaao.,
1995; A.E. Ai?iioeiaa, 1995). ?acii c oei, a ioae?eaoe?yo inoaii?o ?ie?a
aena?oeth?oueny aeei?enoaiiy ?aaoa?iio oa aaoaoa?iio i?e e?eoaaii?
oai?eo ia ?N (I.I.Aecthaa, 1993; ?.I.Caaae?oei oa ni?aaao., 1996; W.
Cendrowski, 1996; W.J.Clark, 1996; D.C. Mohr, 1996; F.E.Munschauer,
1997). Oiio iiaeaeueoa aea/aiiy ee?i?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? a?o/eciyiiai
i?aia?aoo eaoa?iio a ii??aiyeueiiio aniaeo? c aaceniith oa?ai??th oa
iaiaaeeeaiaioicieie iaoiaeaie i?e e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N i?iaeiaaeo?
caeeoaoeny aeooaeueiei.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. ?iaioa aeeiiaia
ca?aeii iniiaiiai ieaio iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? ?iaioe eaoaae?e ia?aiaeo
oai?ia Iaoe?iiaeueiiai iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. I.I. Aiaiiieueoey
“Aea/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? ??cieo iaoiae?a e?eoaaiiy oai?eo ia ?icn?yiee
neea?ic ? ?ic?iaea ia oe?e iniia? iiaeo i?aeoiae?a aei
aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiiai e?eoaaiiy caoai?thaaiiy” oeo? 111.26.00.027.24 ?
aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0194V017984.
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy: aecia/eoe aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy a?ia?aa?e/ii?
ieneaaiaoe?? oa aaiini?aoe?? a eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N o
ii??aiyii? c iaaeeeaiaioiciith oa?ai??th a caeaaeiino? a?ae ee?i?/iiai
ia?aa?ao, nooiaiy oyaeeino?, iniaeeainoae ?ioiiiai noaoono oa
a?io?i?/ieo ii?ooaiue.
Caaea/i aeine?aeaeaiiy:
1. Aea/eoe iniaeeaino? ee?i?/iiai ia?aa?ao ?N a caeaaeiino? a?ae oi?ie,
nooiaiy oyaeeino? oa o?eaaeino? caoai?thaaiiy c o?aooaaiiyi aaeueii?
ioe?iee iaa?ieia?/ieo ii?ooaiue ca NRS oeaeith.
2. Ioe?ieoe iniaeeaino? ?ioiiiai i?io?eth, aeayeeo a?io?i?/ieo
ia?aiao??a, nenoaio aaiinoaco o oai?eo ia ?N o aca?iica’yceo c oeiii
ia?aa?ao, nooiaiai oyaeeino? oa o?eaae?noth caoai?thaaiiy.
3. Aecia/eoe aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy AAI a ii?aeiaii? c iaeeie
aeicaie aaia?eio a eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N.
4. Aea/eoe aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy AN a ii?aeiaii? c OOI e?ia? i?e
eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N.
5. Aeine?aeeoe aoaeoeai?noue canoinoaaiiy i?aia?aoo eaoa?ii a
eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N.
6. I?iaanoe aiae?c oa?aiaaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iaiaaeeeaiaioicieo
iaoiae?a e?eoaaiiy a ii??aiyii? c eaoa?iiii ? aaceniith oa?ai??th.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
1. Aia?oa o oai?eo ia ?icn?yiee neea?ic (?N) aeaoaeueii aea/ai?
iniaeeaino? nenoaie aaiinoaco oa ??aiy na?aaei?o iieaeoe o aca?iica’yceo
c oeiii ia?aa?ao, nooiaiai oyaeeino? oa o?eaae?noth caoai?thaaiiy.
2. Ae?noaei iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo aea/aiiy iniaeeainoae ?ioiiiai
i?io?eth c aeyaeaiiyi aeenaaeaino ?ioiieiiiaoaioieo ee?oei o caeaaeiino?
a?ae ee?i?/iiai ia?aa?ao, nooiaiy oyaeeino? oa o?eaaeino? caoai?thaaiiy.
3. Aia?oa aeaia ioe?iea oa?aiaaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? a?ia?aa?e/ii?
ieneaaiaoe?? a ii?aeiaii? c iaeeie aeicaie aaia?eio, aaiini?aoe?? a
ii?aeiaii? c OOI e?ia? a ii??aiyii? c iaaeeeaiaioiciith oa?ai??th i?e
??cieo oeiao ia?aa?ao oa nooiaiyo oyaeeino? ?N.
4. Aia?oa iaa?oioiaaiee aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiee i?aeo?ae aei i?ecia/aiiy
a?ia?aa?e/ii? ieneaaiaoe?? oa aaiini?aoe?? oai?ei ia ?N.
5. Aia?oa aecia/ai? iniiai? ee?i?ei-?ioiieia?/i? e?eoa??? i?ecia/aiiy
i?aia?aoo eaoa?ii i?e ?N c ai?iaaaeaeaiiyi a ee?i?/io i?aeoeeo aeaiiai
niiniao oa?ai??.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Ia i?aenoaa?
ee?i?ei-?ioiieia?/ieo, ee?i?ei-a?io?i?/ieo ia?aiao??a ?ic?iaeai?
aeeoa?aioe?eiaai? i?aeoiaee aei i?ecia/aiiy a?ia?aa?e/ii? ieneaaiaoe?? a
ii?aeiaii? c iaeeie aeicaie aaia?eio, aaiini?aoe?? a ii?aeaiii? c OOI
e?ia? a eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii? oai?eo ia ?N. Aeiaaaeaia iaiao?aei?noue
aeeth/aiiy i?aia?aoo eaoa?ii aei i?ia?aie eiiieaenii? oa?ai?? oai?eo c
ii/aoeiaeie noaae?yie ?N ?ai?ooth/ei ia?aa?aii ? i?eai?/aiiyi
O-ee?oeiii? eaiee ?ioi?oaoo. ?ic?iaeai? ee?i?ei-eaai?aoi?i? e?eoa???
aoaeoeaiino? canoinoaaiiy aeaieo iaoiaeee.
?acoeueoaoe ianoaaeaiue ? iaoiaee e?eoaaiiy ai?iaaaeaeai? a i?aeoeeo
?iaioe iaa?ieia?/ieo a?aeae?eaiue Oe?EE ?4, Oe?EE ?18, OeIEE i. Ee?aa,
Aieeinueei? IEE, a?aeae?eaiiy ?aai?iaoe?? Oe?EE ?4. Iaoa??aee ?iaioe
ai?iaaaeaeai? a o/aiaee i?ioean eaoaae?e ia?aiaeo oai?ia, ?aai?iaoieia??
oa iaaeeoeeie eaoano?io IIO. Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aeoaa?aeaeai?
a?aeiia?aeieie aeoaie.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aaoi?ii iniaenoi i?iaiae?ciaaii aeecueei
400 i?ei??iee?a no/anii? iaoeiai? e?oa?aoo?e ii oai? aeena?oaoe??,
i?iaaaeaiee iaoaioii-?ioi?iaoe?eiee iiooe, eiiieaenia ee?i?/ia,
?ioiieia?/ia oa a?io?i?/ia ianoaaeaiiy oai?eo. Ca?? aeaieo, ia?iaeo
ia?aeiii? aeieoiaioaoe??, ee?i?/iee i?aea?? oai?eo oa i?aeaioiaeo
iaoa??aeo aeey a?io?i?/ieo, ?ioiieia?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, a oaeiae
aecia/aiiy ??aiy NI i?iaiaeeeeny aaoi?ii naiino?eii. Ca
aaciina?aaeiueith o/anoth i?iaaaeai? ?ioiieia?/i? oa ?io? a?io?i?/i?
ianoaaeaiiy oai?eo ia aac? Oe?a?inueeiai oeaio?o ee?i?/ii? ?ioiieia??
IIC Oe?a?ie oa a?io?i?/ii? eaai?aoi??? Oe?EE ?4, ?ic?iaeai? iaoiaee
e?eoaaiiy. Noaoenoe/ia ia?iaea ?acoeueoao?a i?iaaaeaia aaciina?aaeiuei
aaoi?ii. Aiae?c io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a, ii??aiyiiy c aeaieie e?oa?aoo?e,
iaienaiiy ?icae?e?a aeena?oaoe?? oa aeniiae?a aeeiiai? naiei aaoi?ii.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y ai?iaiaaia ?
?aeiiaiaeiaaia aei caoenoo ia can?aeaii? ai?iaaoe?eii? ?aaee “Ia?aia?
oai?iae ? ineo?ao??y” ca o/anoth /eai?a ?aaee, ni?a?ia?oiee?a eaoaae?e
ia?aiaeo oai?ia, ineo?ao???, aianoac?ieia??, ?aai?iaoieia?? ? iaaeeoeeie
eaoano?io Iaoe?iiaeueiiai iaaee/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. aeaae. I.I.
Aiaiiieueoey. Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? aeiiia?aeaeenue ia VIII
?anioae?eainueeiio c’?cae? iaa?iiaoieia?a ? ineo?ao??a (i. Oa?e?a,
10.10.90), i?nuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? iaa?iiaoieia?a ?
ineo?ao??a “Aeooaeuei? ieoaiiy iaoiaaiaco ? e?eoaaiiy noaeeiieo ?
aeai??e?i?coth/eo caoai?thaaiue ia?aiai? nenoaie” (i. Ee?a, 06.06.95),
ia 29 I?aeia?iaeiiio Aeoiaenueeiio neiiic?oi? (i. Aeoa?iaiee,
07.11.-08.11.1997), I Iaoe?iiaeueiiio eiia?an? iaa?iiaoieia?a ?
ineo?ao??a (i. Oa?e?a, 20.05.-23.05.1997), II I?aeia?iaeiiio iaaee/iiio
eiia?an? nooaeaio?a ? iieiaeeo a/aieo (i. Oa?iii?eue,
06.05.-08.05.1998).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca iaoa??aeaie aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 9 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue, o oiio /ene? 8 iniaenoi. Na?aae ieo – 4 noaoo? a iaoeiaeo
aeo?iaeao, 3 c yeeo – aac ni?aaaoi??a, 2 – o ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue,
3 oac?a aeiiia?aeae.
No?oeoo?a ? ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 150 noi??ieao
ae?oeiaaiiai oaenoo, neeaaea?oueny c anooio, iaeyaeo e?oa?aoo?e,
caaaeueii? oa?aeoa?enoeee oai?eo, iaoiae?a ?o ianoaaeaiiy ? e?eoaaiiy,
aeaio aeaa aeanieo aeine?aeaeaiue, caeeth/aiiy, aeniiae?a, i?aeoe/ieo
?aeiiaiaeaoe?e, nieneo e?oa?aoo?e (145 a?o/eciyieo, 83 ca?oa?aeieo
i?ei??ieee). ?iaioa ?ethno?iaaia 30 oaaeeoeyie, 23 ?enoieaie.
Ci?no ?iaioe
Iaoa??ae, iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy ? e?eoaaiiy. Aeey aeinyaiaiiy
iinoaaeaii? o ?iaio? iaoe ? caaaeaiue aoa ianoaaeaiee 101 oai?ee ia ?N.
A?e ianoaaeaieo eieeaaany a?ae 16 aei 55 ?ie?a, o oiio /ene? aei 20
?ie?a aoei 15 oai?eo (14,8%), a?ae 20 aei 29 ?ie?a – 40 (39,6%), a?ae 30
aei 39 ?ie?a – 27 (26,7%), a?ae 40 aei 49 ?ie?a – 11 (10,8%), noa?o? 50
?ie?a – 8 oai?eo (7,9%). Oaeei /eiii, iaea?eueoa e?euee?noue oai?eo aoea
o a?oe? 20-29 ?ie?a (39,6%) oa 30-39 ?ie?a (26,7%). *ieia?e?a aoei 57, a
ae?iie – 44. Ca o?eaae?noth caoai?thaaiiy oai?? aoee ?iciiae?eai? oaeei
/eiii: aei 1 ?ieo – 14 oai?eo, a?ae 1 aei 3 – 23, a?ae 3 aei 5 – 22,
a?ae 5 aei 10 – 26, a?eueoa 10 ?ie?a – 16 oai?eo. Ioaea, eeoa o 14
oai?eo i?e aini?oae?caoe?? aei iaa?ieia?/iiai noaoe?iia?o o?eaae?noue
caoai?thaaiiy aoea a iaaeao iaeiiai ?ieo, o 45 oai?eo – a?ae 1 aei 5
?ie?a.
Ianoaaeaiiy oai?eo ia ?N i?iaiaeeee ca ?aeeiith noaiith c aeei?enoaiiyi
oi?iae?ciaaieo ea?o. An? oai?? iaee aacnoii?aiee ae?aaiic ca e?eoa??yie
I.A. Oiiaeea??aia (1987).
I?iaiaeeeinue aeaoaeueia iaa?ieia?/ia ianoaaeaiiy ?c caeo/aiiyi iaoiae?a
niaoe?aeueiiai ia?aee?i?/iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aino?ioe ci?o, i/iiai aeia
oa iie?a ci?o, a ie?aieo aeiaaeeao – yaea?ii-iaai?oii-?ac?iainii?
oiiia?ao?? aieiaiiai iiceo. Ae?aaeai?noue iaa?ieia?/ieo neiioii?a
ioe?ithaaee ca oeaeith NRS, cai?iiiiiaaiith J. Sipe et al. (1984), o
aaeao. Iaeneiaeueia e?euee?noue aae?a – 100 na?ae/eea i?i a?aenooi?noue
ci?i o iaa?ieia?/iiio noaoon?; a?ae 70 aei 98 – i?i iaa?ieia?/i?
ii?ooaiiy eaaeiai nooiaiy oyaeeino?; a?ae 40 aei 69 – i?i iaa?ieia?/i?
ii?ooaiiy na?aaeiueiai nooiaiy oyaeeino?; a?ae 10 aei 39 – i?i oyaee?
iaa?ieia?/i? ii?ooaiiy.
Aeine?aeaeoaaany ??aaiue a?eea oi?o?eiaaiei iaoiaeii ca a?o?aoaiiaith
?aaeoe??th oa eiai o?aeoe?e ca A.?. Ao?a?/ai (1972). ??aaiue na?aaei?o
iieaeoe (NI) aecia/aee ca iaoiaeii I.?. Aaa???eyi (1985), a iniia? yeiai
eaaeeoue aaeueo?eueo?aoe?eia ?iciiae?eaiiy ieacie, ? ioe?ithaaee oeyoii
aeaoaeoe?? ia niaeo?ioioiiao?? NO-26 “Eiii” a oiiaieo iaeeieoeyo (IAe).
Aecia/aee oaeiae e?euee?noue o?a?eiiaaio a ieaci? e?ia?, oiea?aioi?noue
ieacie aei aaia?eio iaoiaeii Aa?inaia, aeoea?ciaaiee /an noaa?e?ciaaii?
ieacie, i?iaiaey/e ?aaeoe?th ?aeaeueoe?o?eaoe?? ? i?iaeoeoe o?a?eiie?co,
a?aoiaoth/e iayai?noue o?a?eiiaaio A oa ca aeiiiiiaith aoaiieiaiai
oanoo.
E?euee?noue O- ? A-e?ioioeeo?a aecia/aee ca ?o caeaoi?noth ooai?thaaoe
?icaoee c a?eo?ioeeoaie aa?aia ca iaoiaeeeaie S. Stell (1974) ? A.
Basten (1972). Noaiiioeyoe?? O-ee?oei O-oaeia?e ? O-noi?ani?e aecia/aee
ca iaoiaeii Shre A. et al. (1978) ia i?aenoaa? a?aeiioaiiy aei
oaio?e?io, O-noi?ani?e – oaio?e?i/ooeea?, O-oaeia?e –
oaio?e?i?acenoaioi?. Ai?no iniiaieo eean?a ?ioiiaeiaoe?i?a aecia/aee
iaoiaeii ?aae?aeueii? ?ioiiaeeooc?? (G. Mancini, 1965). Aeey aecia/aiiy
oee?eoethth/eo ?ioiieo eiiieaen?a aeei?enoiaoaaee iaoiae, iniiaaiee ia
?o naeaeoeai?e i?aoeei?oaoe??.
O caeaaeiino? a?ae canoiniaaieo iaoiae?a e?eoaaiiy an? ianoaaeai? oai??
aoee ?iciiae?eai? ia /ioe?e a?oie. Eiio?ieueia a?oia aeeth/aea 30 oai?eo
ia ?N c aeei?enoaiiyi o?aaeeoe?eii? (aacenii?) oa?ai?? ca noaiith,
?ic?iaeaiith ia eaoaae?? ia?aiaeo oai?ia IIO.
Aei ia?oi? a?oie iaeaaeaa 41 oai?ee ia ?N. Aeey e?eoaaiiy ?i
canoiniaoaaee a?ia?aa?e/io ieneaaiaoe?th (AAI), yeo i?iaiaeeee a
iaeiii?ni?e aa?ieaia?? oeio “Iea” c ?aaeeiii ?cii?an?? 1,6 – 1,7 Aoa,
aeniiceoe??th 50-60 oaeeei. Ia eo?n e?eoaaiiy i?ecia/aee 10 naain?a.
E??i eo?no e?eoaaiiy AAI c iaoith iie?auaiiy ?aieia?/ieo aeanoeainoae
e?ia? aaiaeeee aaia?ei aeicith 5000 IAe i?aeoe??ii a iaaeieiioieiao
ae?eyieo o?e/? ia aeiao aai aeicith 2500 IAe /ioe?e ?ace ia aeiao i?ae
eiio?ieai /ano cai?oaiiy e?ia?.
Ae?oao ee?i?/io a?oio neeaaeaee 10 oai?eo ia ?N, yeei a eiiieaeniiio
e?eoaaii? canoiniaoaaee aaiini?aoe?th a ii?aeiaii? c OOI e?ia?.
Aaiini?aoe?th i?iaiaeeee ia aia?ao? OAA-1 ca aaii-aaiiciei eiioo?ii. Ie
aeei?enoiaoaaee ni?aaioe NEI-1E, EAO oa ea?aieie. Anueiai ia eo?n oai??
io?eioaaee 3 naaine aaiini?aoe?? /a?ac aeaiue. I?ae naainaie AN oai?ei
i?iaiaeeee o?aeoe?eii oeueo?ao?ieaoiaa ii?ii?iaiiy e?ia? ia aia?ao?
“Oioii” i?e aeiaaeei? oaee? 254 ii i?ioyaii 2 aiaeei. Ca iaeei naain
a?aee 100-120 ie e?ia?.
O?aoy ee?i?/ia a?oia aeeth/aea 20 oai?eo, yeei a eiiieaeniiio e?eoaaii?
i?ecia/aee eaoa?ii. I?aia?ao aaiaeeee aioo??oiueii’yciai aeicith 1 iei.
IAe aea?/? ia aeiao i?ioyaii 20 aei?a.
Eiio?ieueio a?oio i?e eaai?aoi?ieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo neeaaeaee 20
ianoaaeaieo (12 /ieia?e?a ? 8 ae?iie), a?eii a?ae 18 aei 35 ?ie?a aac
ee?i?/ieo iciae i?aai?/iiai o?aaeaiiy oeaio?aeueii? ia?aiai? nenoaie.
Ee?i?/i? a?oie aoee ii??aiyi? ca aeaiia?ao?/ieie iieacieeaie, nooiaiai
oyaeeino? caoai?thaaiiy, a oaeiae ae?aaeai?noth iaa?ieia?/iiai
aeao?oeeoo ca oeaeith NRS.
Ioe?ieo aoaeoeaiino? oa?ai?? cae?enithaaee ca nenoaiith:
– cia/ia iie?auaiiy, eiee ?aa?an iaa?ieia?/ii? neiioiiaoeee a?aeaoaaany
ia 20 aae?a ? a?eueoa ca noiaaeueiith oeaeith NRS (Sipe J. at al., 1984)
, c iiceoeaiith aeeiai?eith eaai?aoi?ieo iieaciee?a (I i?aea?oia);
– iii??ia iie?auaiiy – o aeiaaeeao ?aa?ano iaa?ieia?/ii? neiioiiaoeee 0,05). E?euee?noue Oe cieaeoaaeanue aeinoia??ii eeoa a noaae??
caaino?aiiy (32±2%; 546±20; p0,05), aea aeinoia??ii
i?aeaeuoaaany ??aaiue g-aeiaoe?iiai? o?aeoe?? (aei 20,3±1,5%; p0,05), ciaioeany ??aaiue NI (c
0,590±0,1 aei 0,300±0,1 IAe, p0,05). Iiceoeaiee ee?i?/iee aoaeo niinoa??aaany o?eueee o oai?eo
?ai?ooth/ei ia?aa?aii o noaae?? caaino?aiiy.
Aiae?c eaai?aoi?ieo iieaciee?a iieacaa, ui AN a ii?aeiaii? c OOI e?ia?
aeinoia??ii cieaeoaaea ia?aiao?e aooi?ioiiiai i?ioeano – aeoeaiaaii?
aoii?aeueii? eaiee: e?euee?noue A-e?ioioeeo?a c 33±2,6% aei 18±1,2%
(p
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