Iineee Oi?aiai-Yeiiiie/aneee eieeaaeae
?aoa?ao ii enoi?ee
ia oaio «Eo eiaiaie iacaaiu oeeoeu Iinea»
nooaeaioa a?oiiu 11 Oia.
Aeoiaa ?oneaia
2007 a.
Ieai
A.O. ?iiaiaiei
N. A. Ooaaioe?ia
A. N. Ia?eia
A. N. Aa?oaoiaa
I. I. Aoaea?ei
A. Ae. Ia?aeao
A. O. ?iiaiaiei (1924-1944)
A *eaeianeii iinaeea Ieoya?ueneiai ?aeiia anoue oeeoea, iinyuay eiy
Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca A. O. ?iiaiaiei. A ia/eiaeny iooue e iiaeaeao
oae: iinea ieii/aiey naie eeannia a aea?aaia E?oieiea Ai?ueeianeiai
?aeiia Iineie iaeanoe Aeaenae ?iiaiaiei ?aaioae a eieoica o/ao/eeii,
inaiee o?oaeiia aeaei iaoa?y. *ooeiai e o?oaeiethaeaiai oiaa?eua
eiiniiieueoeu eca?aee naiei aiaeaeii.
Oae 1942-e aiaiiue aiae. Ia o?iioao Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu ianoaiiaea auea
neiaeiie. Iaiaoeei-oaoenoneea iie/eua ?aaeenue e eaaeacneie iaooe e
Aieaa. A yoi o?oaeiia a?aiy Aeaenae ?iiaiaiei aue i?ecaai a ?yaeu
E?aniie A?iee.
Eo?n ia/aeueiie aiaiiie iiaeaioiaee ii i?ioiaeee ii onei?aiiie i?ia?aiia
a caianiii iieeo. A yecaiai ia aiaaoth c?aeinoue aio i?eoeinue
aea?aeaoue a aeanoieie aeoaa n oaoenoneeie caoaao/eeaie a Noaeeia?aaea.
Ca i?iyaeaiiua a n?aaeaieyo ia Aieaa niaeinoue e ioaeanoai ii aue
iaa?aaeaeai iaaeaeueth «Ca ioaaao».
A aiyo ?inei aieineia ianoa?noai iie/a. Aio auei i?enaiaii caaiea
«ieaaeoee na?aeaio», e ii noae eiiaiaee?ii ioaeaeaiey.
Io Aieae aiaaie iooue ieaaeoaai na?aeaioa ?iiaiaiei i?ieaa e Aeiai?o.
Aai ioaeaeaiea iaeiei ec ia?auo oi?ne?iaaei yoo iiao/oth ?aeo o
ianaeaiiiai ioieoa Ca?oaaioeu e cae?aieeinue ia iaaieueoii ieaoeaea?ia.
Aeoea?iaoeu ia?ooeee ii iaio iaiiue a?oeeea?ee, ieiiiaoia e ioeaiaoia.
Ieaaeoee na?aeaio ?iiaiaiei oiaei iaia?oaeee a?aaeaneea iaiaaua
n?aaenoaa e niiauee eo eii?aeeiaou a ooaa. Anei?a ii yoei oeaeyi oi/ii
oaea?eea iaoa a?oeeea?ey, i?ee?uaay ia?ai?aao no?aeeiauo aaoaeueiiia e
ae?oaeo iiae?acaeaeaiee /a?ac Aeiai?.
Eiaaea iaoe iiae?acaeaeaiey e /anoe, oi?ne?iaaaoea ?aeo; caaycaee aie ii
?anoe?aieth ieaoeaea?ia, ioaeaeaieth ?iiaiaiei auea ii?o/aia aeinoaaea
ia ieaoeaea?i /a?ac Aeiai? aiai?eiania. E n yoie caaea/ae ioaeaeaiea
ni?aaeeinue oniaoii.
Ca iiaeaea, niaa?oaiiue i?e oi?ne?iaaiee Aeiai?a, Aeaenath Oaaei?iae/o
?iiaiaiei Oeacii I?aceaeeoia Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? io 17 iiya?y 1943
aiaea auei i?enaiaii caaiea Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca.
Ii aa?ie ia aeiaeee aei iiaaaeiuo caeiia. Ii ioaeanoaaiii n?aaeaeny ca
?iaeeio e iiaea a iaeiii ec etheueneeo aiaa 1944 aiaea.
N. A. Ooaaioe?ia (1917-1942)
Ii iaannia?oee naia eiy a aeaaaeoeaoue iyoue eao, caueuay Noaeeia?aae,
aoaeo/e iiiiuieeii ia/aeueieea ooaaa 339-ai no?aeeiaiai iieea
noi?ie?iaaiiie a Iinea 308-e no?aeeiaie aeeaecee.
A oio ieoya?ueneee aeaiue 1942 aiaea iaioeu aua aei ainoiaea nieioea
ia/aee aoaee Noaeeia?aaeneiai caaiaea «Aa??eeaaeu», eioi?ue oaea aoi?oth
iaaeaeth noieei iai?iiyea aeeaecey iie/ae iiae eiiaiaeiaaieai iieeiaieea
E. I. Ao?oueaaa. A iaeiie ec iaeanoi/aiiuo noaaoie i?ioeaieeo oaeaeinue
aeeeieoueny a noue iaaeaeo aeaoiy aaoaeueiiaie 339-ai iieea e ie?oaeeoue
oeao, aaea iaoiaeeeny ooaa yoiai iieea. Eiaaea ia/aeueiee ooaaa eaieoai
A. E. Aeyoeaiei aeieiaeee i neo/eaoainy eiiaeeao, oio i?eeacae ai /oi au
oi ie noaei aueoe ec ie?oaeaiey, nianoe aiaaia Ciaiy e aeieoiaiou.
A aie ana ia?anoae. Anei?a ec 35 neae?yeia — caueoieeia oeaoa inoaeinue
a no?ith oieueei 17. Ooaaioe?ia ciae eaaeaeiai ec ieo. Ii a /enea ia?auo
eiiaiaee?ia i?eoae a aeeaeceth ai a?aiy aa oi?ie?iaaiey. Oi?ioi
caiiiieeny oio aeaiue, eiaaea iaaeae aiaiioth oi?io. Yoi aue /aoaa?a, 2
ai?aey 1942 aiaea. Ia?aae iacia/aieai ia aeieaeiinoue, aanaaeoy n iei,
eiiaiaee? iieea iii?inee ?anneacaoue aaoiaeia?aoeth. Naiaio i?eoeinue
iiaoi?eoue oi, /oi ca aeaaaeoeaoue iyoue eao aeecie ?anneacuaae ia
iaeiaaeaeu.
?iaeeeny a Iinea, a yiaa?a 1917-ai. Ioaoe aue neoaeauei ia aeaeaciie
aei?iaa, iaoue — aeiiioicyeea. Iinea ieii/aiey a 1930 aiaeo naieeaoiae
oeieu ?aaioae o/aieeii i?iaeaaoea a iaeiii ec iineeo iaaaceiia, caoai —
«iiaeniaieeii» a iaoaie/aneii oeaoa Iineiai caaiaea ei. Eiieioa?ia,
iaeiia?aiaiii o/eeny ia aa/a?iai ioaeaeaiee aeaeaciiaei?iaeiiai
oaoieeoia. A aaaonoa 1938 aiaea aue i?ecaai a ?yaeu E?aniie A?iee.
Neoaeee a aeaeaciiaei?iaeiuo aieneao, nia/aea — ?yaeiaui aieoeii, a
iioii — nio?oaeieeii iiiaioe?aaeiie e?aniia?iaeneie aacaou. A a?iee noae
eiiniiieueoeai. Iinea oaieueiaiey a caian aa?ioeny a Iine. ?aaioae
eeoa?aoo?iui nio?oaeieeii a iaeanoiii ?aaeeieiieoaoa. N yoie aeieaeiinoe
ii iiaanoea Eoeauoaaneiai ?aeaiaieiiaoa yaeeny a aeeaeceth…
Ec ooaaa aeeaecee iiaoi?eee i?eeac: inoaaeoue oeao. Ia?aaeaa ooiaeeaoaio
ec oeaoa iineaaeiei eaieoaio Aeyoeaiei iieeiaia Ciaiy, Ooaaioe?ia
acia?aeny ia ieiuaaeeo iiaeuaiiiai e?aia. N yoie iiceoeee ii ioaee
ianeieueei aoae iaioeaa, ii e nai aue ?aiai.
Aeoea?iaoeu, iaia?aaaynue acyoue aai aeeaui, na?oaeeeenue o e?aia.
Ooaaioe?ia oau?ioe a ieo o?e a?aiaou. Ianeieueei a?aaeaneeo ioeue aiiaue
i?iiceee aai oaei. Oiaaea Naiai iai?ya iineaaeiea neeu e i?uaioe a eo/o
a?aaia n caaeaoie a ?oea iineaaeiae a?aiaoie. Ii oeaoo i?ieaoeeny ac?ua.
Aa?ie iiaea, aei eiioea auiieiea naie aieineee aeiea.
Eiaiai Naiaia A?eai?ueaae/a Ooaaioe?iaa iacaaia iaeia ec iiauo oeeoe
Ee?ianeiai ?aeiia Iinea. Ia yoie oeeoea iaoiaeeony i?inoi?iay e naaoeay
n?aaeiyy oeiea ? 49, ieiia?neay ae?oaeeia eioi?ie n ai?aeinoueth iineo
eiy aa?iy Noaeeia?aaea. A iaa 1978 aiaea ia oanaaea oeieu a
oi?aeanoaaiiie ianoaiiaea a iaiyoue i iai auea onoaiiaeaia iaii?eaeueiay
aeinea.
A. N. Ia?eia (1917-1958)
Aiaoieee Na?aaaae/ Ia?eia ?iaeeeny 28 aaaonoa 1917 aiaea a Iinea a
naiuea ?aai/aai. A 1928 aiaeo Ia?eiau ia?aaoaee a niaoic «Ai?enianeee»
Oa?aaeoeueneiai ?aeiia. Ieii/ea oai a 1938 aiaeo aeanyoeeaoeo, Aiaoieee
iinooiee a Eaieia?aaeneia aunoaa aiaiii-ii?neia o/eeeua ei. I. A.
O?oica. Iinea ieii/aiey aai a 1942 aiaeo aue iai?aaeai ia o?iio.
Aiaaia e?auaiea eaeoaiaio Ia?eia iieo/ee aoaeo/e aeoaea?ii eiiaiaee?a
iaeiiai ec noi?iaeaauo eaoa?ia *a?iiii?neiai oeioa, o/anoaoy a
Iiai?inneeneie aeanaioiie iia?aoeee.
Eaoa?o i?aaenoiyei a /enea ia?auo ai?aaoueny a Iiai?inneeneee ii?o,
caoaa/aiiue iaioeaie, e aunaaeeoue aeanaio. A oii?iie noaaoea
aa?ie-eaoa?ieee neiieee iaeanoi/aiiia nii?ioeaeaiea a?aaa. Aeaaiaea?y
aeoeaiinoe iaiaauo n?aaenoa eaoa?a, eioi?uie oiaei oi?aaeye Ia?eia,
auno?i auee oie/oiaeaiu a?aaeaneea oe?aieaiey e i?iaeaeoi?u. Caoai iiae
iie?iaii oaiiiou i?iaiaeeeinue aeanaioe?iaaiea. Ca iyoue ii/ae eaoa?
ia?aa?inee a Iiai?inneene aieaa 500 aieoeia e eiiaiaee?ia, 25 ieiiiaoia,
50 yueeia iei, 20 yueeia iao?iiia e nia?yaeia, 2 oiiiu i?iaeiaieuenoaey
e ioaoene?iaae 15 iioiaioia. Aieaa aeaaaeoeaoe iaeanoi/aiiuo aoae
oi?iaaeiuo eaoa?ia io?acee Ia?eia, nian 25 ii?yeia n iaoeo ei?aaeae,
iiaei?aaaoeony ia ieiao.
Noieeinoue e aaca?aie/ioth i?aaeaiiinoue ?iaeeia i?iyaee noa?oee
eaeoaiaio Aiaoieee Ia?eia a aiyo ca E?ui aoaeo/e oaea eiiaiaee?ii
noi?iaeaaiai eaoa?a. Yoi i?iecioei a ii/ue ia 12 iiya?y 1943 aiaea.
Eaoa?o Ia?eiaa auea iinoaaeaia caaea/a — a /enea ae?oaeo noaeia ieacaoue
iiiiuue iaoei aeanaioieeai, ioaiaaaaoei o i?ioeaieea ieaoeaea?i ia
iieoino?iaa. Aeey yoiai o?aaiaaeinue i?i?aaoueny neaicue ieioiue
a?aaeaneee caneii. Icaa?aeua aeoea?iaoeu iaiaeiie?aoii iuoaeenue
oie/oiaeeoue iaoeo ii?yeia, ni?aaoue iia?aoeeth e eaaeaeue ?ac
ioeaouaaeenue iacaae. Ii aio oaoenoai iiaeiniaea iiiiuue — 10 oi?iaaeiuo
eaoa?ia e 2 naiioiaeiua aa?aee. Ii e yoi ia inoaiiaeei niaaoneeo
ii?yeia. Noa?oee eaeoaiaio Ia?eia ia noae aeaeaoue, eiaaea aai
aoaeotho,— ia?aui ioe?ue iaiiue ii a?aao. Yoi auea ei?ioeay, aa?ie/aneay
noaaoea. A aeiee naeoiaeu Ia?eia i?eiye ?aoaiea: oa?aieoue a?aaeaneoth
aa?aeo. Iaeiaei aua ia oniaee iiaeieoe e iae aieioioth, eae a?oeeea?enou
eaoa?a i?yiie iaaiaeeie ?anno?aeyee aa. Aa?aea caai?aeanue e iioea ei
aeio.
Oae aea iaoeeie caeiaie a?oeeea?enoia aue iiaeaeo e aci?aai a?aaeaneee
oi?iaaeiue eaoa?. Inoaeueiua ei?aaee i?ioeaieea, iieo/ea iia?aaeaeaiey,
iiae i?ee?uoeai aeuiiaie caaanu ia?aoeeenue a aaanoai. ?iaeeia ii
aeinoieinoao ioeaieea ?aoiua iiaeaeae Aiaoieey Na?aaaae/a Ia?eiaa,
i?iyaeaiiua ei a aiyo ca Iiai?inneene, Ea?/ue, Oaiaiue, Naaanoiiieue,
Iaeanno, Eiinoaioeo, Aa?io, iaa?aaeea aai i?aeaiaie Eaieia, E?aniiai
Ciaiaie, E?aniie Caacaeu, iaaeaeyie. A 1944 aiaeo Oeacii I?aceaeeoia
Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? aio auei i?enaiaii caaiea Aa?iy Niaaoneiai
Nithca.
Iinea aieiu eaieoai-eaeoaiaio A. N. Ia?eia neoaeee ia *a?iiii?neii e
Naaa?iii oeioao — aue noa?oei iiiiuieeii eiiaiaee?a ei?aaey, eiiaiaee?ii
/anoe. A 1956 aiaeo, oeaey a caian, aa?ioeny a ?iaeiie Iine. ?aaioae ia
noaei?aiiioii-noaeino?ieoaeueiii caaiaea eaieoaiii ii eniuoaieth noaeia,
caoai aue eiiaiaee?ii-eino?oeoi?ii ii?neiai eeoaa AeINAAO.
A iaa 1958 aiaea iinea oyaeaeie aieacie Aiaoieee Na?aaaae/ oia?. Ii eiy
aa?iy, iaiyoue i iai aeeaoo e aa/ii aoaeoo aeeoue a iacaaiee iaeiie ec
oeeoe Eaieineiai ?aeiia iaeanoiiai oeaio?a.
A. N. Aa?oaoiaa (1924 – 1944)
Aaeaioeia Na?aaaaia Aa?oaoiaa iaannia?oeea naia eiy a aiaeu Aaeeeie
Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu 1941 – 1945 aiaeia, aoaeo/e iaoaieeii – aiaeeoaeai
oaiea.
Aa ?iaeeia – E?eooneay iaeanoue. A ia/aea o?eaeoeaouo aiaeia naiuey
Aa?oaoiauo ia?aaoaea a Iineoth iaeanoue – Iiaio?aeueneia. Iia ?aii
iiac?ineaea, noaa iiiiuieoeae iaoa?e iinea nia?oe iooea; a naiuea aa
i/aiue oaaaeaee e ethaeee.
A oeiea o/eeanue eaaei, n aieueoei aeaeaieai e o?oaeiethaeai. Iaa?aaeie
ca ioee/ioth o/aao e i?eia?ioth aeenoeeieeio auea iacaauaaaiay iiacaeea
a 1937 aiaeo a E?ui – a ieiia?neee «A?oae».
A ia?aua aeie aieiu aieueoeinoai ioae/ei ooei ia o?iio. Ana ?aaiou a
oicyenoaa eaaee ia iea/e noa?eeia, aeaiuei, aeaaooae e iiae?inoeia.
Aianoa ni anaie io ca?e aei ca?e o?oaeeeanue ca ooo?aaeii o?aeoi?a e
Aaey Aa?oaoiaa.
A eiioea iiya?y 1941 aiaea Ieaioi ?E AEENI eca?ae Aaeaioeio Aa?oaoiao
nae?aoa?ai ?aeeiia. Iia ienaea cayaeaiea n i?inueaie i?ecaaoue ia
aiaiioth neoaeao e ioi?aaeoue a aeaenoaothuoth a?ieth, e iieo/eea ioeac.
Eeoue eaoii 1942 aiaea i?inueaa aa auea oaeiaeaoai?aia. Ia onei?aiiuo
eo?nao iia i?eia?aea niaoeeaeueiinoue iaoaieea – aiaeeoaey oaiea.
Aiaaia e?auaiea Aa?oaoiaa iieo/eea ia iiaenooiao e Noaeeia?aaeo. Aie oee
oyaeaeua. Ia n/eoaynue n iioa?yie, a?aa ?aaeny e Aieaa. Aianoa ni naieie
oiaa?euaie ii yeeiaaeo aeaeeea aeaaooea o?oaeiinoe o?iioiaie aeecie.
Anei?a ia aa aiaaii n/aoo oaea cia/eeenue aeanyoee oie/oiaeaiiuo
oaoenoia, ianeieueei auaaaeaiiuo ec no?iy aecioia, i?oaeee e aeaa oaiea.
A?oaeue ioaaaeiie neae?y/ee oe?aneea ia?aay iaa?aaea – iaaeaeue «Ca
ioaaao».
A iaeiii ec aiaa aeaaooeo ?aieei a iiao. Ea/eeanue a iaaenaiaaoa. Anei?a
aica?aoeeanue a naith /anoue e aiaaui ae?ocueyi. A oiaea iineaaeothueo
aiaa iia aua ?ac iieo/eea ?aiaiey. Iie, e n/anoueth, ia auee oyaeaeuie,
e, iiaeea/eaoenue, iia niiaa aica?auaeanue ia ia?aaeiaoth, aiiaue
naaeeeanue ca ?u/aae o?eaeoeaoue/aoaa?ee.
A eiioea 1943 aiaea ca ioaaao e ioaeanoai, i?iyaeaiiua a aiyo i?e
oi?ne?iaaiee Aeiai?a, Aaey Aa?oaoiaa auea iaa?aaeaeaia i?aeaiii E?aniie
Caacaeu. O?aoueae aiaaie iaa?aaeu – i?aeaia Neaau III noaiaie iia
oaeinoieeanue a aeaeaa?a 1943 aiaea.
8 ai?aey 1944 aiaea ia/aeanue E?uineay ianooiaoaeueiay iia?aoeey n
oeaeueth iieiiai inaiaiaeaeaiey E?uia io iaiaoeei – oaoenoneeo
caoaao/eeia. Ia ?annaaoa 9 iay 1944 aiaea eiiaiaee?neee oaie. A ninoaaa
yeeiaaea eioi?iai auea a ea/anoaa ?aaeenoee Aaeaioeia Aa?oaoiaa, ai
a?aiy aeaeaeaiey a i?eo?iioiaie iieina iaaoae ia ooaan eee aiciiaeii
aaeaaiiao e iiaei?aaeny. *oaeii inoaeenue a aeeauo ianeieueei no?aeeia.
Oae iiaeaea aanno?aoiay iie/ea eiiniiieea Aaeaioeia Aa?oaoiaa, Iinia?oii
iia iaa?aaeaeaia i?aeaiii Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu aoi?ie noaiaie.
Aianoa n iiaeaoeie eiiaiaee?ii ?iou e ae?oaeie oaieenoaie Aaeaioeia
Na?aaaaia Aa?oaoiaa auea iioi?iiaia a oeaio?a Neioa?iiiey a a?aoneie
iiaeea.
A Iinea eiy Aaeaioeiu Na?aaaaiu Aa?oaoiaie i?enaiaii oeeoea a
Ia?aiiaeneii ?aeiia, ia iaeiii ec aeiiia eioi?ie onoaiiaeaia
iaii?eaeueiay aeinea. Aa eiy n ai?aeinoueth iineo ieiia?neay ae?oaeeia
oeieu ? 106, ?aniieiaeaiiay caeanue aea. Athno ioaaaeiie eiiniiieee
caieiaao oeaio?aeueiia ianoi a iocaa yoie oeieu.
I. I. Aoaea?ei (1910-1943)
Oeeoea, iacaaiiay eiaiai Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca Ieeieay Iao?iae/a
Aoaea?eia,—iaeia ec naiuo aieeeo e iaeeaeaiiuo a Oeaio?aeueiii ?aeiia
Iinea: ia iae noiaeyony aeanyoee ai?iaeneeo aaoiaoniuo ia?o?ooia. A
eiaaea-oi caeanue oea?eea oeoeia, eeoue a aao?aiua aeie ooiaee aunieea
oiiiey, aea n oo?a aei aa/a?a aiiyee oooaieueiue iy/ iaeue/eoee, n?aaee
eioi?uo aue e ii, Eiey Aoaea?ei — aanaeue e ici?iie caaiaeeea ?aay/ueeo
ea?. Ii aeee ia yoie oeeoea aianoa n ?iaeeoaeyie, i?inouie ?aai/eie,
ia?aaoaaoeie a Iine a iieneao eo/oae aeecie ec Oaiaianeie aoaa?iee a
1914 aiaeo.. Ieii/ea naieeaoithth oeieo, nai noae ?aaioaoue: aue
a?oc/eeii, ecaic/eeii, o/aieeii i?iaeaaoea. Ainaiiaaeoeaoe eao Ieeieae
Aoaea?ei anooiee a eiiniiie e n yiooceaciii ioaeaeny iauanoaaiiie
?aaioa. Anei?a eiiniiieueoeu iaeueie/iiai eiiaeiaoa eca?aee aai naiei
nae?aoa?ai. I Ii no?anoii ethaee nii?o — oaeaeaeny eaaeie aoeaoeeie,
euaeaie, no?aeueaie, ea?ie a oooaie e oieeae, niaa?oee ianeieueei
i?uaeeia n ia?aothoii, aue i?eca?ii Neae?neiai aiaiiiai ie?oaa ii
oeao?iiio eaoaieth ia eiiueeao.!
A 1938 aiaeo I. I. Aoaea?ei noae eiiioienoii. A eiaaea!30 iiya?y 1939
aiaea ia/aeanue no?iaay niaaonei-oeieyiaeneay aieia, iieiaeie eiiioieno
iaeiei ec ia?auo aeia?iaieueoeaa – iie/ae i?eoae a aiaieiiao n i?inueaie
iai?aaeoue ia o?iio. Ii aue iacia/ai iieeo?oeii ioaeaeueiiai euaeiiai
aaoaeueiia, n?aaeaeny n aaeioeiiaie ia Iao?icaaiaeneii iai?aaeaiee.
N o?iioa Aoaea?ei aa?ioeny aicioaeaaoei, aua aieaa caeaeaiiui*
I?eia?aooee aiaaie iiuo ii oe?iei eniieueciaae a ?aaioa aoaeo/e
caaaaeothuei aiaiiui ioaeaeii Noaeeineiai ?aeeiia AEI(a). Ia yoii iinoo
e canoaea aai Aaeeeay Ioa/anoaaiiay aieia.
I?inee ioi?aaeoue aai ia o?iio. I?inueaa auea oaeiaeaoai?aia. I. I.
Aoaea?eia iai?aaeee a iaeio ec neae?neeo aeeaecee. Nia/aea ii aue
iieeo?aaioieeii, caoai eiiaiaeiaae ?acee/iuie iiae?acaeaeaieyie. Caueuae
Iineao, Noaeeia?aae, inaiaiaeaeae I?ae. Eiaaea iaoe /anoe, ecaiiyy
aeoea?ianeeo ieeoiaioia n niaaoneie caiee, iiaeoiaeeee e Aeiai?o,
iiaeiieeiaiee I. I. Aoaea?ei oaea aue eiiaiaee?ii iieea. Ia aai a?oaee
neyee aiaaua iaa?aaeu — aeaa i?aeaia E?aniiai Ciaiaie, iaaeaee,
aaa?aeaeneee ciae.
…Oaiiie naioya?ueneie ii/ueth 1943 aiaea 241-e no?aeeiaue iiee
aaa?aeee iiaeiieeiaieea I. I. Aoaea?eia, ianooiay a ia?aii yoaeiia 75-e
aaa?aeaeneie no?aeeiaie aeeaecee, i?iaeeny e Aeiai?o naaa?iaa Eeaaa, o
aea?aaie Oa?aniae/e. Naea a?aaeaneea caneiiu, aoaea?eineea aaoaeueiiu
cae?aieeenue ia ainoi/iii aa?aao, /oiau iiaeaioiaeoueny e ?aoeoaeueiiio
a?ineo /a?ac aiaeioth i?aa?aaeo. Oaaaeueiuo ia?ai?aai/iuo n?aaenoa iiee
ia eiae, e Aoaea?ei i?eeacae eiiaiaee?ai iiae?acaeaeaiee eniieueciaaoue
iiae?o/iua — eiaeee aeeoaeae aea?aaie, a?aaia, aeinee, ai/ee, iaaeoua
naiii nieaeaoneea ieau-iaeaoee e aauiaoee.
A iacia/aiiue i?aae?annaaoiue /an Aoaea?ei iiaeae neaiae: «Aia?aae!»
Ia?ai?aaa ia/aeanue. Eiiaiaee? iieea ?oeiaiaeee ath ee/ii.
I?ioeaiee iiiuoaeny na?ineoue a Aeiai? caoeaieaoeony ca i?aaue aa?aa
aoaea?eioeaa. Caaycaeanue iaeanoi/aiiay noaaoea. A?aa ia auaea?aeae e
ia/ae iooiaeeoue io ?aee. Ia aai iea/ao aaoaeueiiu Aoaea?eia ai?aaeenue
a o?aioae ia?aie eeiee iai?iiu aeoea?iaoeaa e ioooaea iaania/eee
ia?ai?aao ae?oaeo /anoae aeeaecee.
Ca oiaeoth i?aaiecaoeeth ia?ai?aau iieea /a?ac Aeiai? e iaania/aiea
oi?ne?iaaiey aiaeiie i?aa?aaeu ae?oaeie /anoyie niaaeeiaiey e
i?iyaeaiiue i?e yoii ee/iue aa?ieci Ieeieath Iao?iae/o Aoaea?eio Oeacii
I?aceaeeoia Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? io 17 ieoya?y 1943 aiaea i?enaiaii
caaiea Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca.
A oa aeie iiee aae iaeanoi/aiiua aie naaa?i-caiaaeiaa Eeaaa ia
oa??eoi?ee Aeuia?neiai ?aeiia. 6 iiya?y 1943 aiaea aoaea?eioeu a oa/aiea
aeiy ioaeee ianeieueei y?inoiuo eiio?aoae iaioeaa o naea Aeoeaeiaea.
Aaa?aeee iiaeiieeiaiee I. I. Aoaea?ei ie ia ieiooo ia auioneae
oi?aaeaiea aiai ec naieo ?oe, ia ?ac ee/iui i?eia?ii iiaeieiae
aaoaeueiiu a aoaeo ia a?aaa. Ai a?aiy io?aaeaiey eiio?aoaee, eioi?oth
aeoea?iaoeu i?aaei?eiyee ia enoiaea aeiy, ii aue nia?oaeueii ?aiai.
Inaiaiaeea io ieeoiaioia ?aeiiiue oeaio? Aeuia?, aiaaua ae?ocuey
iioi?iieee naiaai ethaeiiai eiiaiaee?a aaa?aeee iiaeiieeiaieea Ieeieay
Iao?iae/a Aoaea?eia. Oaia?ue iaae iiaeeie aa?iy-iie/a aoeii ?ac?ineenue
eau.
A. Ae. Ia?aeao (1914-1953)
Oeeoea Ia?aeaoa… Oe?ieay, n iiiaiyoaaeiuie aeiiaie, eeiioaao?ii,
?acee/iuie iaaaceiaie, iia n eaaeaeui aiaeii i?aia?aaeaaony, noaiiaeony
iaeiie ec e?aneaaeoeo iaaeno?aeae Eaaiaa?aaeuey Iinea.
Iacaaia oeeoea a iaiyoue i caia/aoaeueiii eao/eea-eniuoaoaea Aa?ia
Niaaoneiai Nithca, eao?aaoa Eaieineie i?aiee A. Ae. Ia?aeaoa.
?iaeeeny Aeaenae Aeieo?eaae/ Ia?aeao a 1914 aiaeo a naea Ai?iiueee
Iieoaaneie iaeanoe. O?eiaaeoeaoeeaoiei ia?aiueeii, a iieneao ?aaiou,
ieacaeny a Oa?ueeiaa. Aiaeu auee o?oaeiua e, eoi ciaao, eae au
neiaeeeanue noaeueaa iiae?inoea, anee au aai, iai?aaiiiai e aieiaeiiai,
ia iiaeia?aee ia oeeoea eiiniiieueoeu e ia i?eaaee a naie eiieoao.
N iooaaeie Oa?ueeianeiai ai?eiia eiiniiiea i?eoae Aeaenae Ia?aeao ia
o/aao a ia?iaici?aiiioiia OCO. Iieo/ee niaoeeaeueiinoue neana?y e aue
iai?aaeai ia ia?iaici?aiiioiue caaiae. A caaiaeneii eieeaeoeaa thiioa
noae oaea?ieeii ia?aie iyoeeaoee. Caeanue aai i?eiyee a eiiniiie.
?aaioay, ii ia inoaaeye aeaaieoiae ia/ou — o/eoueny. Oieueei oaia?ue
aeaeaiea ii?aaeaeeeinue aieaa /aoei — o/eoueny ia eao/eea.
E eiaaea ia caaiaea i?aaieciaaeny ieaia?iue e?oaeie, Aeaenae caienaeny a
iaai iaeiei ec ia?auo. Ii ia oieueei ia ioee/ii naeae oai?aoe/aneea
yecaiaiu, ii e oniaoii i?ioae eo?n i?aeoe/aneeo iieaoia. Yoi aue ia?aue
oaa aai aieueoiai iooe a aaeaoeee.
A 1930 aiaeo Oa?ueeianeee ai?eii eiiniiiea iai?aaeyao Aeaenay Ia?aeaoa
ia o/aao a aunooth ieaia?ioth oeieo Iniaaeaoeia a E?uio. Caeanue ii
noaiiaeony ianoa?ii ieaia?iiai nii?oa. Aiineaaenoaee oaeinoieony aua
iaeiiai ii/aoiiai caaiey — ianoa?a ia?aothoiiai nii?oa NNN?, niaa?oeo
160 i?uaeeia n ia?aothoii i?inouo e caoyaeiuo n ?acee/iuo aunio aeiai e
ii/ueth.
A naioya?a 1934 aiaea aeaaaeoeaoeeaoiee Aeaenae iinooieeLo/eoueny a
Aaeaoianeoth oeieo ieeioia A?aaeaeaineiai Aicaeooiiai Oeioa. N yoiai
a?aiaie any aai aeeciue naycaia n aaeaoeeae. A eaoiie oeiea, eioi?oth
ieii/ee a aaaonoa 1937 aiaea, ii noae eiiioienoii. Eae ioee/ieea aai
inoaaeee a o/aaiii caaaaeaiee e iacia/eee ia aeieaeiinoue ieeioa –
eino?oeoi?a. A aeaeaa?a 1940 aiaea ii aue iai?aaeai a Iineoth eaoioth
oeieo.
A ai?iaea ia E?ouoa aua iieiaa ?ane?ueenue i?aaiecaoi?neea niiniaiinoe
A. Ae. Ia?aeaoa eae eiiaiaee?a, ianoa?a ieeioe?iaaiey naiieaoia e
ainieoaoaey iiae/eiaiiuo. Aai, aieiaoaeueiiai, iocua/eaiai, ne?iiiiai,
aeoaiei oaaaeaee oiaa?eue ii ?aaioa. E iaio oee ca niaaoii ia oieueei
iieiaeua, ii e oaea aeinoaoi/ii iiuoiua ieeiou.
N ia/aeii Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu A. Ae. Ia?aeao ?aaony ia o?iio,
iaiaeiie?aoii ieoao ?aii?ou n i?inueaie iai?aaeoue a ethaoth eaoioth
/anoue aeaenoaothuae a?iee. Ii aio ioeacuaatho: aai ee/iia ianoa?noai e
aiaaoue iiuo iiaeaioiaee eaoiuo eaae?ia ioaeiu a oueo.
A eiioea 1943 aiaea A. Ae. Ia?aeaoo eae niaoeeaeenoo aunieiai eeanna
auei ieacaii iniaia aeiaa?ea — ii iieo/ee iacia/aiea ia aeieaeiinoue
eao/eea-eniuoaoaey a eaoiue eniuoaoaeueiue oeaio? aaia?aeueiiai
eiino?oeoi?a naiieaoia A. I. Ooiieaaa.
Iiaay ?aaioa n ia?auo aeiae caoaaoeea A. Ae. Ia?aeaoa. Iia aea
iio?aaiaaea e aieaa aeoaieeo ciaiee aaeaoeeiiiie oaoieee. Aeaenae
Aeieo?eaae/ oii?ii i?aiaeieaaaao ana o?oaeiinoe, ianoie/eai o/eony. A
1950 aiaeo ii n ioee/eai caeai/eaaao eo?nu ia?aiiaeaioiaee e aiiaue
aica?auaaony a eaoiue eniuoaoaeueiue oeaio? ia i?aaeithth aeieaeiinoue.
11 iay 1953 aiaea Aeaenae Aeieo?eaae/ niaa?oae i/a?aaeiie eniuoaoaeueiue
iieao. Ia aeoiae ii, /oi yoio iieao aoaeao iineaaeiei. Ii, ieacaaoenue a
neiaeiie neooaoeee ia ae?iaioe, ia ?anoa?yeny. Ii i?eeacae /eaiai
eiiennee e /eaiai yeeiaaea iieeiooue ia ia?aothoao oa?iyuee aaaenoaea
naiieao, a nai, iiea aeeinue na?aeoea, i?iaeieaeae ai?ioueny ca nianaiea
iaoeiu.
O?oaeiaie e ?aoiue iiaeaea A. Ae. Ia?aeaoa ii aeinoieinoao ioeaiai
Niaaoneie ?iaeeiie.
Ii iaa?aaeaeai i?aeaiii Eaieia, o?aiy i?aeaiaie E?aniiai Ciaiaie,
i?aeaiii E?aniie Caacaeu, iiiaeie iaaeaeyie. A 1954 aiaeo aio auei
i?enaiaii caaiea Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca iinia?oii, a a 1957 aiaeo
i?enoaeaeaia Eaieineay i?aiey. A iaiyoue i iai ia aeaaiii ei?iona
Iineiai eaoii – oaoie/aneiai o/eeeua a 1978 aiaeo onoaiiaeaia
iaii?eaeueiay aeinea.
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