?AOA?AO
ii eo?no «Enoi?ey ?innee»
ii oaia: «Ai?iae-aa?ie – neiaie ioaeanoaa e noieeinoe caueoieeia
Ioa/anoaa»
Aaaaeaiea
Eaieia?aae e Noaeeia?aae, Naaanoiiieue e Iaeanna iacaaiu
ai?iaeaie-aa?iyie 1 iay 1945 a, a i?eeaca Aa?oiaiiai
Aeaaiieiiaiaeothuaai. 8 iay 1965 a. I?aceaeeoi Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN?
ooaa?aeee iieiaeaiea i caaiee ai?iaea-aa?iy e ecaeae Oeac, ii eioi?iio
Cieioua Caacaeu a?o/eee Eaieia?aaeo, Aieaia?aaeo, Eeaao, Iaeanna e
Naaanoiiieth. Yoei aea Oeacii caaiea ai?iaea-aa?iy i?enaiaii Iineaa,
caaiea e?aiinoe-aa?iy – A?anoneie e?aiinoe. Iicaea caaiey aa?iy
oaeinoieeenue: Iiai?inneene e Ea?/ue -14 naioya?y 1973 a., Ieine – 26
ethiy 1974 a., Ooea – 7 aeaeaa?y 1976 a., Niieaine e Io?iaine – 6 iay
1985 a. «Aiaiiia ia?aciaaiea» ia ?ac ?anneacuaaei /eoaoaeyi i eaaeaeii
ec 12 oi?iinoia Io/eciu, oaeinoiaiiuo ii/aoiiai caaiey e aunoae noaiaie
ioee/ey ca ianniaue aa?ieci e ioaeanoai naieo caueoieeia. E?aoeei
iaci?ii i?aaenoaaeyai o?iiieiaeth eo iiaeaeaia.
«Ai?iae-aa?ie» – ii/aoiia caaiea, i?enaaeaaaiia ai?iaeai Niaaoneiai
Nithca, o?oaeyueany eioi?uo i?iyaeee ianniaue aa?ieci e ioaeanoai a
caueoa ?iaeeiu a aiaeu Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu.
A oi a?iciia a?aiy ia?iaeu Niaaoneie no?aiu i?eeiaeeee aa?ie/aneea
oneeey, /oiau i?aaieciaaoue ioii? a?aao, i?aa?aoeoue ?iaeeio a
niei/aiiue aiaiiue eaaa?ue.
Iniiaiua a?oiie?iaee iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo caoaao/eeia auee iaoeaeaiu ia
caoaao aaaeiaeoeo no?aoaae/aneeo oeaio?ia no?aiu. Eae iiao/ea aanoeiiu
anoaee ia iooe a?aaeaneeo iie/eu ai?iaea Iineaa, Eaieia?aae,
Noaeeia?aae, Eeaa, Ieine, Iaeanna, Naaanoiiieue, Iiai?inneene, Ea?/ue,
Ooea, Niieaine, Io?iaine, A?anoneay e?aiinoue. A n?aaeaieyo ca yoe
ai?iaea y?ei i?iyaeeenue aiaaay aeiaeanoue aiene, ioaeanoai ianaeaiey.
Aieiu e o?oaeaieee ouea, ac?ineua e aeaoe, ana, eae iaeei, eiaaee
iiaaaeo. Ie ?ac?uau aiia e nia?yaeia, ie y?inoiua aoaee a?aaa ia neiieee
aiaaie aeoo caueoieeia ?iaeeiu. Iea/ii e iea/o n niaaoneeie aieiaie
n?aaeaeenue ia?iaeiua iiie/aioeu, ioaeanoaaiiua ia?oecaiu e aanno?aoiua
iiaeiieueueee.
Cieiouie aoeaaie aienaiu a eaoiienue enoi?ee Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu
yoe ai?iaea. Iie ninoaaeytho ai?aeinoue e neaao Ioa/anoaa,
ieeoeaoai?ytho aiaaou?neee iiaeaea niaaoneiai ia?iaea, ?aca?iieaoaai
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo caoaao/eeia.
1. NIIEAINEIA N?AAEAIEA
Iii ia/aeinue 10 ethey 1941 aiaea. E ia/aeo n?aaeaiey i?ioeaiee eiae
aeaieiia i?aainoiaenoai a ethaeyo, a?oeeea?ee e naiieaoao e ii/oe
/aou?aoe?aoiia a oaieao.
Ciay yoi, niaaoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea ?aoeei ?acaa?iooue a oueo Caiaaeiiai
o?iioa ianeieueei ?aca?aiuo a?iee e nicaeaoue aua iaeei – ?aca?aiue
o?iio.
Aeaaiue oaea? oaoenoneea aienea iaianee ii aeaoi iai?aaeaieyi – ec
?aeiia Aeoaanea a noi?iio Aeooiaueiu n oeaeueth iaieoe Niieaine n naaa?a
e ec ?aeiia I?oe – Iiaeeaaa ia Aeueith, /oiau iaieoe Niieaine n thaa e
oai naiui n?aco acyoue a eeaue aeaaiua neeu Caiaaeiiai o?iioa.
Iaeiia?aiaiii ia naaa?a – ia i?aaii e?uea iaoaai Caiaaeiiai o?iioa –
oaoenou iaianee aniiiiaaoaeueiue oaea? a naaa?i-ainoi/iii iai?aaeaiee a
noi?iio Iaaaey e Aaeeeeo Eoe, a ia eaaii e?uea – ia thai-ainoie a
iai?aaeaiee ai?iaea E?e/aaa. Yoeie oaea?aie iaiaoeeia eiiaiaeiaaiea
oioaei eciee?iaaoue oeaiaiaua a?oiie?iaee niaaoneeo aiene Caiaaeiiai
o?iioa.
Aia/aea (aei 20 ethey) aeoea?iaoeu aeiaeeenue na?ueaciuo oniaoia. Iaoe
aienea auioaeaeaiu auee iooiaeeoue ia ainoie. 22-y a?iey aaia?aea O. A.
A?oaeiaa, n?aaeaaoayny a ?aeiia Iieioeea, auea ?anna/aia ia aeaa /anoe,
e aa aeeaecee aaee aie a ie?oaeaiee. 19-y a?iey aaia?aea E. N. Eiiaaa,
ia oniaaoay nin?aaeioi/eoueny e ?acaa?iooueny ia oeacaiiii ae ?oaaaea,
ia niiaea naea?aeaoue oaea?a i?ioeaieea e niiaa ioioea e Niieaineo, aaea
aianoa n 16-e a?ieae aaia?aea I. O. Eoeeia e 20-e aaia?aea I. A.
Eo?i/eeia aaea aie ii/oe a iieiii ie?oaeaiee. 13-y a?iey aaia?aea A. O.
Aa?aneiaiei oaeaea auea ?anna/aia, iaeia aa /anoue aaea aie a ie?oaeaiee
a ?aeiia Iiaeeaaa, ae?oaay – a ?aeiia E?e/aaa.
Iaeiaei ia eaaii (thaeiii) oeaiaa Caiaaeiiai o?iioa niauoey ?acaeaaeenue
ii-eiiio. Caeanue 21-y a?iey aaia?aea O. E. Eociaoeiaa 13 ethey ia?aoea
a ianooieaiea ii iai?aaeaieth ia Aia?oene e auaeea iaioeaa ec ai?iaeia
?iaa/aa e AEeiaei.
Aeey iaiaoeeiai eiiaiaeiaaiey yoio oaea? ieacaeny iieiaeoae
iaiaeeaeaiiinoueth, e iii niaoii noaei ia?aa?anuaaoue naie
iaoaiece?iaaiiua ei?iona, ooo?iiaaaoea Niieaine, ia o/anoie ianooieaiey
21-e a?iee. N o?oaeii oaoenoneei aieneai oaeaeinue caeanue
i?einoaiiaeoue i?iaeaeaeaiea ia caiaae iaoeo ioaaaeiuo aieiia.
14 ethey niaaoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea i?aiiaeianei aeoea?iaoeai aua iaeei
nth?i?ec. Iiae I?oae ii ianooiathuei oaoenoneei aieneai aia?aua iaianea
oaea? aaoa?ay ?aaeoeaiuo ieiiiaoia («eaotho»). Aaoa?aae eiiaiaeiaae
eaieoai E. A. Oea?ia. Iiyaeaiea yoiai iiaiai aeaea i?oaeey auei
iaiaeeaeaiiui aeey a?aaa e aucaaei ianoiyuee ia?aiieio a aai aieneao ia
yoii o/anoea o?iioa.
Iaeiaei a?aa, ianiio?y ie ia /oi, ?aaeny aia?aae, e 16 ethey oaoenoneei
aieneai ana aea oaeaeinue caoaaoeoue Niieaine.
18 ethey niaaoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea ?aoeei noi?ie?iaaoue a oueo aua iaeei
o?iio iai?iiu Iineau – Iiaeaeneee. Ianeieueei a?iee ?acai?a/eaaeenue ia
eeiee Aieieieaine – Iiaeaene – Iaeiy?ineaaaoe e ia/aee niaoii
nicaeaaaoue caeanue eeieth oe?aieaiee.
Oaoenoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea iinea caoaaoa Niieainea aua aieaa oaa?iaaei a
naith iiaaaeo e i?enooieei e iia?aoeeyi, iaiin?aaenoaaiii iai?aaeaiiui
i?ioea niaaoneie noieeoeu, 22 ethey iii aeaei ?anii?yaeaiea ia/aoue
aiiaa?aee?iaee Iineau.
N 22 ethey ii 1 ieoya?y i?ioeaiaicaeooiay iai?iia ai?iaea io?aceea 36
iaeaoia oaoenoneie aaeaoeee, naea aieueoia /enei a?aaeaneeo
aiiaa?aee?iaueeia. A Iineaa aea ?ac?ooaiey auee aanueia
iacia/eoaeueiuie.
Iaaeaeo oai niauoey ia o?iioa ainoi/iia Niieainea ia/aee ?acaeaaoueny
nianai ia ii ieaio aeoea?ianeeo aaia?aeia. 23 ethey aienea Caiaaeiiai
o?iioa iaianee neeueiue oaea? ii i?ioeaieeo ec ?aeiia ?ineaaey a noi?iio
ai?iaea Ii/eiie, a 24 e 25 ethey iineaaeiaaee oaea?u niaaoneeo aiene ec
?aeiiia ai?iaeia Aaeue e ss?oeaai. A iaoiae Niieainea n naaa?a e thaa
aeaeioeenue aienea a?iee I. O. Eoeeia e I. A. Eo?i/eeia, oieueei /oi
au?aaaoeany ec ie?oaeaiey. I?ioeaiee niaoii iiaeoyioe a yoio ?aeii
aeiiieieoaeueiua neeu, e aio oaeaeinue niiaa ie?oaeeoue yoe a?iee. Ii 27
ethey iiuiui oaea?ii ianeieueeeo iia?aoeaiuo a?oii iaoeo aiene iiae
eiiaiaeiaaieai aaia?aeia E. E. ?ieinnianeiai, A. A. Oiiaiei, N. A.
Eaeeieia e A. ss. Ea/aeiaa oaoenou auee ioa?ioaiu ia caiaae, a niaaoneea
aienea caiyee naaa?ioth /anoue ai?iaea Niieainea. Aieueoeinoai /anoae
ie?oaeaiiuo a?iee au?aaeenue ec eieueoea.
Iiiai iaaeaeue iiae?yae oee iai?yaeaiiua aie iiae Aeueiae. Caeanue
aeoea?iaoeu ianee oaeea oyaeaeua iioa?e, /oi noaee iacuaaoue yoio ?aeii
«e?iaaaie ia/ueth».
Ianeieueei ?ac ec ?oe a ?oee ia?aoiaeee ai?yuee, ?ac?ooaiiue aeioea
ai?iae ss?oeaai. Caeanue auee iaaeieai inoaiiaeaiu aienea oaieiaie
a?oiiu oaoenoneiai aaia?aea Aioa.
Aaia?ae Aaeueaea? a naiai aeiaaieea ienae: «Eiiaiaeiaaiea i?ioeaieea
aeaenoaoao yia?ae/ii e oiaei. Aai aienea n?aaeathony iaeanoi/aiii e
oaiaoe/anee. I?ioeaiee iaaa?iyea ia aeoiaao ia ionooieaiee. I?ioeaiee
aaaeao oii?iua aoaee».
30 ethey aeoea?ianeia eiiaiaeiaaiea aia?aua n ia/aea aieiu i?eiyei
?aoaiea, eioi?ia aio auei iaaycaii aa?ie/aneei nii?ioeaeaieai Niaaoneie
A?iee, – iii i?eeacaei a?oiia «Oeaio?» i?ae?aoeoue ianooieaiea ia Iineao
e ia?aeoe e iai?iia.
4 aaaonoa Aeoea? nai i?eaue a ooaa a?oiiu a?iee «Oeaio?» e caeanue
iiaeoaa?aeee naia ?aoaiea io 30 ethey – any yoa a?oiia a?iee ia
Iineianeii iai?aaeaiee ia?aoiaeeo e iai?iia, a ec aa ninoaaa iaeia
iieaaay a?iey e oaieiaay a?oiia iai?aaeythony ia iiiiuue a?oiia a?iee
«THa», eioi?ay oaycea a aiyo iiae Eeaaii. *anoue aiene auaeaeyeanue a
iiiiuue a?oiia a?iee «Naaa?», aaaeouae ianooieaiea ia Eaieia?aae e
cano?yaoae ia Eoaeneie eeiee iai?iiu. Oae Aeoea? i?eciae, /oi ianooiaoue
n?aco ii anaio o?iioo aai aienea oaea ia iiaoo. E ii ?aoee, i?aaeaea /ai
eaeoe ia Iineao, nia/aea iaea?aeaoue iiaaaeu iiae Eeaaii e Eaieia?aaeii.
Ii iaoa eiiaiaeiaaiea ia yoii ?aoaiee iiea aua ia ciaei e n/eoaei, /oi
i?ioeaiee ii-i?aaeiaio aoaeao no?aieoueny iniiaiuie naieie neeaie
iaeaaeaoue Iineaie. *oi, ia noiaa i?i?aaoueny e Iineaa eiaiaui oaea?ii,
ii iinoa?aaony iaieoe aienea Caiaaeiiai o?iioa n oeaiaia. Eiaiii oae
auei ?anoeaiaii aeaeaeaiea aeaoo oaoenoneeo a?iee ia tha. *oiau
io?aceoue aiciiaeiua oaea?u yoeo a?iee /a?ac A?yine n iiai?ioii ia
naaa?i-ainoie, ia Iineao, 14 aaaonoa Noaaea i?eiyea ?aoaiea nicaeaoue
A?yineee o?iio ai aeaaa n aaia?aeii A. E. A?aiaiei.
A eiioea aaaonoa e a ia/aea naioya?y aienea Caiaaeiiai e ?aca?aiiai
o?iioia iaianee ?yae neeueiuo oaea?ia ii aieneai a?oiiu a?iee «Oeaio?»,
ia?aoaaeoei e iai?iia. Auea ?aca?iieaia aeueieineay A?oiie?iaea
i?ioeaieea, e iaae Aeueiae aiiaue aue iiaeiyo e?aniue oeaa. Na?ueaciia
ii?aaeaiea iioa?iaee aeoea?ianeea aienea e a ?aeiia Aeooiaueiu. Iaeiaei
aieueoaai a oi a?aiy iaoe aienea naeaeaoue ia iiaee e ii oeacaieth
Noaaee oiaea ia?aoee e iai?iia. 10 naioya?y Niieaineia n?aaeaiea
caeii/eeinue…
Iii aeeeeinue aeaa ianyoea. Iiiuoea oaoenoneeo aiene n oiaeo i?i?aaoueny
e Iineaa ia oaeaeanue. A yoii aeaaiue eoia Niieaineiai n?aaeaiey.
Ca noieeinoue, ioaeanoai e ioaaao a iai?iia e ianooieaiee 228 aieoeia e
eiiaiaee?ia Caiaaeiiai o?iioa auee iaa?aaeaeaiu i?aeaiaie e iaaeaeyie, 7
/aeiaae oaeinoiaiu aunieiai caaiey Aa?iy Niaaoneiai Nithca, /aou?a
i?ineaaeaiiua a aiyo no?aeeiaua aeeaecee Caiaaeiiai iai?aaeaiey: 100,
127, 153,161-y – 18 naioya?y 1941 aiaea ia?auie auee i?aia?aciaaiu a 1,
2, 3, 4-th aaa?aeaeneea aeeaecee. Yoeie aeeaeceyie eiiaiaeiaaee: aaia?ae
E. I. ?onneyiia, iieeiaieee A. 3. Aeeiaiei, I. A. Aaaai, I. O.
Iineaeoei. Oae ?iaeeeanue niaaoneay aaa?aeey.
Aaa?aeaeoeu auee ia iniaii iieiaeaiee a a?iee. E aeaaiia ioee/ea eo
ninoiyei a oii, /oi ei, aaa?aeaeoeai, aeiaa?yee naiua neiaeiua
iia?aoeee, eo noaaeee ia naiua ioaaonoaaiiua o/anoee – o?iioa.
Caeai/eaay ?anneac i Niieaineii n?aaeaiee, iaeuecy ia ioiaoeoue
ia?iiioth ?ieue, eioi?oth nua?aee a iai o?oaeyueany Niieainea e
Niieaineie iaeanoe. Iie aicaiaeeee iai?iieoaeueiua nii?oaeaiey, no?ieee
aceaoii-iinaaei/iua ieiuaaeee aeey naiieaoia, i?eieiaee o/anoea a
i?ioeaiaicaeooiie iai?iia ai?iaea. Aieueooth caaioo aeeoaee Niieainea
i?iyaeyee i ?aiaiuo aieiao.
Iiae ?oeiaiaenoaii iaeanoiie ia?oeeiie i?aaiecaoeee ia?acoeiai auea
i?iaaaeaia yaaeoaoeey a?aaeaeaineiai ianaeaiey e i?iiuoeaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee ec iaeanoiiai oeaio?a e ai?iaeia, oniaoii aue oa?ai o?iaeae
ia eieoiciuo iieyo e auaacai ia ainoie. Iaeii ia?oee noae i?aaiecaoi?ii
ia?oecaineiai aeaeaeaiey ia oa??eoi?ee Niieaineie iaeanoe. Ei auei
noi?ie?iaaii aieaa 50 io?yaeia /eneaiiinoueth nauoa ouny/e /aeiaae.
Ia enoiaea o?aoueae iaaeaee Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneea iie/eua iiaeioee e a?aieoeai Niieaineie iaeanoe. 10
ethey 1941 a. a?aaeaneay a?oiia a?iee «Oeaio?» e /anoe a?oiiu a?iee
«Naaa?» aiciaiiaeee ianooieaiea ia aeaaiii – iineianeii iai?aaeaiee.
Ia/aeinue n?aaeaiea, ?acaa?ioaoaany ia o?iioa aei 650 ei e a aeoaeio aei
250 ei. A oeaio?a aai aue ai?iae-aiei, no?aae ?innee, ai?iae-eeth/ –
ae?aaiee Niieaine.
Aeaa ianyoea aeeeeinue yoi n?aaeaiea. A aiyo ia niieaineie caiea
?iaeeeanue Niaaoneay aaa?aeey. Caeanue aue ni?aai aeoea?ianeee ieai
aacinoaiiai/ii ianooiaoue ia Iineao. Caeanue aia?aua ai 2-e ie?iaie
aieia iaiaoeei-oaoenoneea aienea auioaeaeaiu auee ia?aeoe ia aeaaiii
iai?aaeaiee e iai?iia. Oaea a ethea a?aa eniieueciaae ii/oe iieiaeio
naiaai no?aoaae/aneiai ?aca?aa aeey oneeaiey a?oiiu a?iee «Oeaio?».
A aiyo ia Niieaiueia ioee/eeenue iiiaea ouny/e niaaoneeo aieoeia e
ioeoea?ia – ethaee ?aciuo iaoeeiiaeueiinoae. N?aaee 78 Aa?iaa Niaaoneiai
Nithca, oaeinoiaiiuo yoiai caaiey ca iiaeaeae, niaa?oaiiua ia niieaineie
caiea, – i?aaenoaaeoaee 10 iaoeeiiaeueiinoae. A oi aea a?aiy niieyia
n?aaeaeenue ia anao o/anoeao niaaonei-aa?iaineiai o?iioa. A ia?aua aeie
aieiu i?aeoe/anee ana ioae/eiu i?ecuaiiai aic?anoa ooee a a?ieth. Aieaa
250 ec ieo noaee Aa?iyie Niaaoneiai Nithca, nauoa 40 – iieiuie
eaaaea?aie i?aeaia Neaau.
25 naioya?y 1943 a., ai?iae Niieaine aue inaiaiaeaeai niaaoneeie
aieneaie io iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo caoaao/eeia a oiaea
Niieainei-?ineaaeueneie iia?aoeee 1943a. A ?acoeueoaoa yoie iia?aoeee
aienea Caiaaeiiai o?iioa i?iaeaeioeenue ia 135 – 145 ei, caaa?oeee
inaiaiaeaeaiea Niieaineie iaeanoe e iieiaeeee ia/aei inaiaiaeaeaieth
Aaei?onnee. Ioee/eaoeiny a aiyo 39 niaaeeiaieyi e /anoyi auei i?enaiaii
ii/aoiia iaeiaiiaaiea Niieaineeo.
A ai?iaea nicaeaii iiiai iaii?eaeia, iinayuaiiuo Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie
aieia.
A 1966a. Niieaine iaa?aaeaeai i?aeaiii Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu I noaiaie, a
a 1983a.- i?aeaiii Eaieia. A 1985 a. I?aceaeeoi Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN?
ecaeae Oeac i i?enaiaiee Niieaineo ii/aoiiai caaiey «Ai?iae-aa?ie
2. Ai?iae-aa?ie Iaeanna
N ia?auo aea aeiae aieiu Iaeanna ieacaeanue i?eo?iioiaui ai?iaeii. Ieiei
55 ouny/ iaeanneoia anooieee a ia?iaeiia iiie/aiea e eno?aaeoaeueiua
aaoaeueiiu. Iaeanoi/aiiua aie ia aeaeueieo iiaenooiao e Iaeanna
?acaa?ioeenue a ia/aea aaaonoa 1941a. A oaea 8 aaaonoa ai?iae aue
iauyaeai ia inaaeiii iieiaeaiee. 10 aaaonoa a?aa ia/ae ooo?i iaeanneeo
oe?aieaiee.
Ianiio?y ia iyoee?aoiia i?aainoiaenoai a aeeaie neea e oaoieea,
o?aonioouny/iay a?iey i?ioeaieea auioaeaeaia auea a oa/aiea 73 aeiae
oiioaoueny o noai Iaeannu. Ai?iae noiye iania?oue. Ianaeaiea Iaeannu
ioaeanoaaiii ia?aiineei oyaiou e iianiinoe inaaeu — nenoaiaoe/aneea
iaeaou a?aaeaneie aaeaoeee e a?oeeea?eeneea iano?aeu, iaaeinoaoie
i?iaeiaieuenoaey. A yoeo o?oaeiuo oneiaeyo ie ia iaeei aeaiue ia
i?ae?auaeanue ?aaioa oaa?ee e caaiaeia. Aieiu e ianaeaiea noaee aaeeiui,
aiaaui aa?ieciiii.
A?aao oae e ia oaeaeinue iaeaaeaoue ai?iaeii. Oieueei a nayce n
eciaiaieai iauae ianoaiiaee ia o?iioa niaaoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea 30
naioya?y 1941a. ioaeaei i?eeac ia yaaeoaoeee aiene ec Iaeannu.
Aeeeaoayny a oa/aiea aeaoo iaaeaeue yaaeoaoeey auea caaa?oaia ia
?annaaoa 16 ieoya?y. Iia i?ioea /aoei e i?aaieciaaiii. N 16 ieoya?y 1941
a. ii 9 ai?aey 1944 a. ai?iae aue ieeoie?iaai, ii ia i?ae?aoee ai?ueau.
A Iaeanna aeaenoaiaaee iiaeiieueiue iaeii. Iiae eo ?oeiaiaenoaii,
aace?oynue ia Iaeanneea eaoaeiiau, a ai?iaea e i?eai?iaeao aeaenoaiaaee
6 ia?oecaineeo io?yaeia e 45 iiaeiieueiuo a?oii.
A 1944 a. ia anai niaaonei-aa?iaineii o?iioa ?acaa?ioeenue oe?ieea
ianooiaoaeueiua iia?aoeee. 10 ai?aey 1944 a. aienea 3-ai Oe?aeineiai
o?iioa i?e aeoeaiii o/anoee ia?oecai e iiaeiieueueeia inaiaiaeeee
Iaeanno.
Aeeay Neaau, iiaeea Iaecaanoiiai iao?ina e ia?ea eoeueoo?u e ioaeuoa
eiaie O. A. Oaa/aiei» iaaeenee, iaii?eaeueiua aeinee, iacaaiey
i?iniaeoia e oeeoe – ana yoi nayuaiiay iaiyoue i aannia?oiii iiaeaeaa
aa?ie/aneeo caueoieeia Iaeannu.
Yoi iaiyoue i ia?oecaiao e iiaeiieueueeao, eioi?ua oie/oiaeeee a
aeoeaiuo aiyo e iooai aeeaa?nee aieaa 5 oun. aeoea?ianeeo ioeoea?ia e
nieaeao, 189 i?aaeaoaeae ?iaeeiu; i?aaieciaaee 27 e?ooaiee aieineeo
yoaeiiia n aeeaie neeie e oaoieeie, a ?acoeueoaoa eioi?uo auei auaaaeaii
ec no?iy 16 ia?iaicia e 241 aaaii, aci?aaee 16 aeaeaciiaei?iaeiuo e
oinnaeiuo iinoia; ?ac?ooeee 82 ei oaeaoiiiiai eaaaey; iiaeaeee e niaeaee
2 oaiea, 248 aaoiiaoei, 13 a?oeeea?eeneeo i?oaeee; nianee io oaiia a
oaoenoneia ?aanoai aei 20 oun. niaaoneeo a?aaeaeai.
Yoi e iaiyoue i ?anno?aeyiiuo, iiaaoaiiuo, niaeaeaiiuo, caio/aiiuo,
oaiaiiuo a ?aanoai e niaiaiiuo a aaooi nioiyo ouny/ niaaoneeo a?aaeaeai.
Ca auaeathueany caneoae ia?aae ?iaeeiie, ioaeanoai e aa?ieci,
i?iyaeaiiua o?oaeyueieny ai?iaea Iaeannu a ai?ueaa n
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeie caoaao/eeaie, e a iciaiaiiaaiea 20-eaoey Iiaaaeu
niaaoneiai ia?iaea a Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieia 1941—1945 aa. Oeacii
I?aceaeeoia Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? io 8 iay 1965 a. ai?iae-aa?ie Iaeanna
iaa?aaeaeai i?aeaiii Eaieia e iaaeaeueth «Cieioay Caacaea».
3. Ai?iae-aa?ie Naaanoiiieue
Iiae iaoeneii i?aainoiaeyueo nee i?ioeaieea, i?i?aaaoaainy /a?ac
E?uineee ia?aoaae, aienea Ioaeaeueiie I?eii?neie a?iee, ionooiay a
aeoaue E?uia, ia iiaenooiao e Naaanoiiieth caiyee iai?iio ia ca?aiaa
iiaeaioiaeaiiuo ?oaaaeao.
E?iia aiene Ioaeaeueiie I?eii?neie a?iee Naaanoiiieue – aeaaioth aaco
*a?iiii?neiai oeioa – caueuaee e ii?yee-/a?iiii?oeu.
Ia?aay iiiuoea a?aaa iaeaaeaoue Naaanoiiieai auea i?aaei?eiyoa a iiya?a
1941 a., ii ana aoaee i?ioeaieea auee ioaeou n aieueoeie aeey iaai
iioa?yie.
Aoi?ia ianooieaiea ia Naaanoiiieue a?aa i?aaei?eiye 17 aeaeaa?y 1941 a.,
a?inea a aie 7 iaoioiuo aeeaecee e 2 ai?iino?aeeiaua a?eaaaeu. Ii e ia
yoio ?ac aienea iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo caoaao/eeia ia niiaee i?aiaeieaoue
aa?ie/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea niaaoneeo aieiia. Ianooieaiea a?aaa auei
i?einoaiiaeaii e eiioeo aeaeaa?y. Eeoue ia ioaeaeueiuo o/anoeao
aeoea?iaoeu oeaiie aieueoeo iioa?ue noiaee i?iaeaeiooueny io 2 – 3 ei ia
thai-ainoiea aei 7 – 10 ei ia naaa?iuo iiaenooiao e ai?iaeo.
Aa?ie/aneea caueoieee Naaanoiiiey ia oieueei aaee oyaeaeua
iai?iieoaeueiua aie n i?aainoiaeyueie neeaie i?ioeaieea, ii e iaiineee
aio eiio?oaea?u. Oae, a yiaa?a – ia?oa 1942a. ia ioaeaeueiuo o/anoeao
iai?iiu a?aa aue ioa?ioai ia ?oaaaee, n eioi?uo ii a aeaeaa?a 1941 a.
ia/eiae ooo?i Naaanoiiiey. Aieueooth iiiiuue iaoei aieneai ieacuaaea
aa?aaiaay a?oeeea?ey e a?oeeea?ey iaoiaeeaoeony a Naaanoiiiea ei?aaeae
*a?iiii?neiai oeioa.
Iinea oiai eae /anoe e niaaeeiaiey Niaaoneie A?iee inoaaeee Ea?/aineee
iieoino?ia, iieiaeaiea caueoieeia Naaanoiiiey ?acei oooaeoeeinue. A?aa
iia oaia?ue nin?aaeioi/eoue caeanue iniiaiua neeu naieo aiene,
iaoiaeeaoeony a E?uio. E?iia oiai, aaeaoeey, iiuiay inaaeiay a?oeeea?ey,
oi?iaaeiua eaoa?a e iiaeaiaeiua eiaeee i?ioeaieea aeiee?iaaee
Naaanoiiieue n ii?y.
Aioiaynue e io?aaeaieth iaoenea a?aaeaneeo aiene, caueoieee ai?iaea
oe?aieyee e niaa?oainoaiaaee iai?iieoaeueiua iiceoeee. A ?aaioao
o/anoaiaaei e o?oaeiniiniaiia a?aaeaeaineia ianaeaiea ai?iaea. Ii?yee
*a?iiii?neiai oeioa aeaeaee ana io ieo caaenyuaa, /oiau iiii/ue
caueoieeai Naaanoiiiey. A oyaeaeaeoeo oneiaeyo iie aeinoaaeyee a
inaaeaeaiiue ai?iae iiiieiaiea, aiaaoth oaoieeo, i?iaeiaieuenoaea,
iaaeeeaiaiou e ae?. E ana-oaee yoiai auei yaii iaaeinoaoi/ii, /oiau a
cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie iaeaa/eoue iieiaeaiea caueoieeia ai?iaea. I?ioea
106 ouny/ /aeiaae iai?iiyaoeony, eniuouaaaoeo ino?oth iaoaaoeo a
aiai?eianao, eiaaoeo anaai 600 i?oaeee e ieiiiaoia, 38 oaieia onoa?aaoeo
nenoai e 53 naiieaoa, a?aa e ia/aeo naiaai iiaiai ianooieaiey ia
Naaanoiiieue nin?aaeioi/ee ieiei 204 ouny/ nieaeao e ioeoea?ia, aieaa
2000 i?oaeee e ieiiiaoia, 450 oaieia e 600 naiieaoia.
2 ethiy 1942 a. aeoea?iaoeu ia?ooeee ia Naaanoiiieue iiuiue oaea?
a?oeeea?ee e aaeaoeee. A?oeeea?eeneay e aaeaoeeiiiay iiaeaioiaea
aeeeeanue iyoue aeiae. ?ac?ooaiiue Naaanoiiieue ai?ae. 7 ethiy a?aa
ia/ae ooo?iiaaoue iai?iieoaeueiua oe?aieaiey. Niaaoneea aieiu noiyee
iania?oue, ii neeu eo oayee. Eii/eeenue aiai?eianu ia caieoiuo aaoa?ayo.
29 ethiy 1942 a. i?ioeaiee oneeee aiiaa?aee?iaeo Naaanoiiiey,
inoaaoaainy aac caieoii-a?oeeea?eeneiai e aaeaoeeiiiiai i?ee?uoey, a ia
neaaeothuee aeaiue i?i?aaeny e ai?iaeo. Caueoieee Naaanoiiiey aa?ie/anee
n?aaeaeenue, iiea o ieo ia eii/eeenue aiai?eianu, i?iaeiaieuenoaea e
ieoueaaay aiaea. Inoaaoeany a aeeauo n aiyie ioioee ia iiaa?aaeuea,
ioeoaea /anoue eo niiaea yaaeoe?iaaoueny. Ia ioaeaeueiuo o/anoeao aie
aeeeeenue aei 10 ethey. *anoue aieiia iiiaea a ieai, a iaeioi?ui
iiae?acaeaeaieyi oaeaeinue i?i?aaoueny a ai?u, e iie i?iaeieaeaee
ai?ioueny a oueo a?aaa.
Iai?iia Naaanoiiiey aeeeeanue 250 aeiae (n 5 iiya?y 1941a. – ii 4 ethey
1942 a). Caueoieee ai?iaea neiaaee cia/eoaeueiua neeu aeoea?ianeeo
aiene, iaane?iaeee a iai?iieoaeueiuo aiyo ianeieueei niaaeeiaiee. Iie
iiaoi?eee eaaaiaea?iue iiaeaea ?onneeo aieiia, iai?iiyaoeo Naaanoiiieue
a 1854—1855 aa. Neaaa aa?iaa – naaanoiiieueoeaa aannia?oia.
A /an ii/e 10 iay 1944 a. iaai iaae Iineaie ica?eeinue ?aeaoiui
iiiaioeaaoueai naethoa e i?icao/aee oi?aeanoaaiiua neiaa i?eeaca
Aa?oiaiiai Aeaaiieiiaiaeothuaai: «Aienea 4-ai Oe?aeineiai o?iioa, i?e
iiaeaea?aeea ianne?iaaiiuo oaea?ia aaeaoeee e a?oeeea?ee, a ?acoeueoaoa
o?aoaeiaaiuo ianooiaoaeueiuo aiaa i?i?aaee neeueii oe?aieaiioth
aeieaia?aiaiioth iai?iio iaioeaa, ninoiyuoth ec o?ao iiein
aeaeaciaaoiiiuo iai?iieoaeueiuo nii?oaeaiee, e ianeieueei /ania oiio
iacaae ooo?iii iaeaaeaee e?aiinoueth e aaaeiaeoae aiaiii-ii?neie aacie
ia *a?iii ii?a – ai?iaeii Naaanoiiieue.
Oai naiui eeeaeaee?iaai iineaaeiee i/aa nii?ioeaeaiey iaioeaa a E?uio e
E?ui iieiinoueth i/euai io iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo caoaao/eeia».
A aiyo ii inaiaiaeaeaieth E?uia e Naaanoiiiey niaaoneea aienea iaaieiao
?aca?iieee ii/oe 200-ouny/ioth a?oiie?iaeo i?ioeaieea: iioa?e
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo aiene ia nooa en/eneyeenue 100 oun. /aeiaae, a oii
/enea nauoa 61 500 ieaiiuie. Oaoenou iioa?yee aieueoia eiee/anoai aiaaie
oaoieee. Niaaoneea aiaaua ei?aaee, eao/eee e iiaeaiaeieee n 8 ai?aey ii
12 iay iioiieee 191 noaeii i?ioeaieea n aieneaie e a?ocii. Aieia ia
*a?iiii?neii oaao?a i?aeoe/anee auea caeii/aia iieiui ?aca?iiii
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo aiene ia caiea, a aicaeooa e ia ii?a.
Oeaiie iaaa?iyoii aieueoeo oneeee aeaeinue inaiaiaeaeaiea Naaanoiiiey.
I?i?aaoue iai?iio i?ioeaieea auei i/aiue neiaeii. Oae, iiieiay eeth/aaia
cia/aiea Naioi-ai?u, oaoenou oe?aieee aa neeiiu o?aouy?oniuie o?aioayie,
iino?ieee iiiaeanoai aeioia e aecioia, ia?iiiia eiee/anoai ioeaiaoiuo
aiacae. Ana yoi auei iiooaii ianeieueeeie ?yaeaie eieth/ae i?iaieiee, a
i?ino?ainoai iaaeaeo neaoaie ai?u aonoi onayii ieiaie. Io a?ioioa iiiaeo
nioai i?oaeee caae?iaeaea naaanoiiieueneay caiey. Iaae aieiaaie
ecaioiaeaoeony e aoaea aieiia I?eii?neie a?iee i?i/a?oeee o?annu nioie
?aaeoeaiuo nia?yaeia. Oae ia/aeny ooo?i Naioi-ai?u.
I?aceaeeoi Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa NNN? 8 iay 1965 a. ecaeae Oeac i a?o/aiee
ai?iaeo-aa?ith Naaanoiiieth i?aeaia Eaieia e iaaeaee «Cieioay Caacaea»
ca auaeathueany caneoae ia?aae ?iaeeiie, ioaeanoai e aa?ieci,
i?iyaeaiiua o?oaeyueieny Naaanoiiiey a ai?ueaa n iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeie
caoaao/eeaie, e a iciaiaiiaaiea 20-eaoey Iiaaaeu niaaoneiai ia?iaea a
Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieia 1941—1945 a
4. Iai?iia Ooeu
30 ieoya?y oaoenoneea aienea ia thaeiii o/anoea o?iioa iai?iiu noieeoeu
iiaeioee e Ooea. Iiiaie?aoiua aoaee oaieia e iioiiaoiou i?ioeaieea auee
ioaeou /anoyie Ooeueneiai aa?ieciia e ia?iaeiiai iiie/aiey, eioi?ua
aicaeaaeye Ooeueneee ai?iaeneie eiieoao iai?iiu iiae ?oeiaiaenoaii
nae?aoa?y Ooeueneiai iaeiia ia?oee A. A. AEaai?iieiaa. Ia iiiiuue ei
nei?i iiaeioee aienea 50-e a?iee A?yineiai o?iioa iiae eiiaiaeiaaieai
aaia?aea E. A. Aieaeeia.
Aaconiaoiie ieacaeanue e «ineoe/aneay» aoaea oaoenoia, eiaaea eo oaiee n
caaeaeaiiuie oa?aie e iaoioa, eaeouay ai aanue ?ino, iiae i?ee?uoeai
ianne?iaaiiuo aoae n aicaeooa e a?oeeea?eeneiai iaiy iuoaeenue neiieoue
iai?iio ooeyeia.
Aieueooth ?ieue a iai?iia Ooeu nua?ae ?aai/ee iiee ai aeaaa ni naiei
eiiaiaee?ii A. I. Ai?oeiaui e eiienna?ii A. A. Aaaaaui. Yoio iiee ia?aui
i?eiye ia naay oaea? a?aaeaneeo oaieia e noiye aei eiioea, aei oao ii?,
iiea aeoea?iaoeaa ia iiaiaee ia caiaae.
Ana ianaeaiea ai?iaea i?eieiaei o/anoea a caueoa aai io a?aaa. Oneeeyie
naieo ooeyeia auee nicaeaiu iiuiua iieinu oe?aieaiee, oanoeeeeiiao?iaue
i?ioeaioaieiaue ?ia, caa?aaeaeaiey ec naa?aiiuo ?aeuenia, ieiiua iiey
i?ee?uaaee iooe iiaeoiaea e ai?iaeo, a a naiii ai?iaea auee nii?oaeaiu
aa??eeaaeu. AEeoaee ai?iaea noi?ie?iaaee 80 eno?aaeoaeueiuo aaoaeueiiia.
Ana iie n?aaeaeenue ia o?iioa. Iieo ie?oaeaiiay a?aaii Ooea ieacaeanue
ianie?ooeiui aanoeiiii ia thaeiuo iiaenooiao e noieeoea, i?iaeieaeaea
auione e ?aiiio aiaiiie oaoieee. 45 nooie aeeeeanue aa?ie/aneay iai?iia
ai?iaea. A aeaeaa?a 1941 a. aienea eaaiai e?uea Caiaaeiiai o?iioa
?aca?iieee oaea?ioth oaieiaoth a?oiie?iaeo i?ioeaieea e niyee inaaeo
ai?iaea.
Ooea aunoiyea e oai naiui nua?aea aaaeiaeooth ?ieue a iaania/aiee
onoie/eainoe eaaiai e?uea Caiaaeiiai o?iioa. Iai?iia Ooeu – yoi neaaiay
no?aieoea enoi?ee Iineianeie aeoau.
Iinea aieiu 7 aeaeaa?y 1976 a. (ca Ooeueneoth iai?iieoaeueioth
iia?aoeeth 24 ieoya?y-5 aeaeaa?y 1941a. oeaeue eioi?ie auei io?aaeaiea
ianooieaiey iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo aiene ia ooeueneii iai?aaeaiee e n?ua eo
iiiuoee iaieoe Iineao n thaa) ai?iaeo Ooea auei i?enaiaii ii/aoiia
iaeiaiiaaiea «Ai?iae-aa?ie». Ia aai ciaiaie iiyaeeenue i?aeai Eaieia e
iaaeaeue «Cieioay Caacaea».
5. Ae?oaea ai?iaea-aa?ie
A?anoneay e?aiinoue, iino?iaiiay a ia?aie iieiaeia XIX aaea a aeaoo ei e
caiaaeo io A?anoa ia i?aaii aa?aao Aoaa, eniieueciaaeanue aeey
?aneaa?oe?iaaiey aieineeo /anoae. Aa iai?iia ia/aeanue a ia?aue aeaiue
aieiu. A?aa ?ann/eouaae caoaaoeoue e?aiinoue no?aieoaeueiui oaea?ii. Ii
yoo iiiuoeo ioaee iaiiiai/eneaiiue aa?iecii. Ii anooiee a ia?aaioth
ai?ueao n iiiaie?aoii i?aainoiaeyueie neeaie oaoenoia. Aieoeu e
eiiaiaee?u niaei eiio?aoaeiaaee, ono?aeaaee canaaeu e ii/iua aueacee,
iaiiny a?aao o?ii, canoaaeyee aai aea?aeaoue oai cia/eoaeueiua neeu.
A eiioea ethiy a?aa i?aaei?eiye aaia?aeueiue ooo?i. Aa?iecii iiian
aieueoea iioa?e. Ii a?oiiu aieoeia i?iaeieaeaee n?aaeaoueny. Ieiei
ianyoea i?iaeieaeaeanue aa?ie/aneay iai?iia e?aiinoe. Ie aieiae, ie
aeaaeaea, ie aieueoea iioa?e ia neiieee aieth e ioaeanoai aannia?oiiai
aa?ieciia. Yoio eaaaiaea?iue iiaeaea oaaeiaa/ai caaieai e?aiinoe-aa?iy.
Ieine – iaeiei ec ia?auo niaaoneeo ai?iaeia i?eiye ia naay oaea?
aeoea?iaoeaa. 28 ethiy 1941 a., i?aiaeieaa oii?iia nii?ioeaeaiea iaoeo
aiene, oaoenou caoaaoeee aai. Ai a?aiy ieeoiaoeee iaiineee oaea?u ii
a?aao ia?oecaineea io?yaeu, ieineia iiaeiieuea. Ec-ca ianniaiai
naaioaaea ?aai/eo e aeeaa?nee iiaeiieueueeia a ai?iaea aacaeaenoaiaaee
iiiaea i?aaei?eyoey. iao?eiou iiiiaee cnacoe io ?ac?ooaiey iiiaea
aaaeiua iauaeou, caieie?iaaiiua a?aaii. 3 ethey 1944 aiaea iinea
iaeanoi/aiiuo aiaa, aienea 3-ai, 2-ai e 1-ai Aaei?onneeo o?iioia i?e
o/anoee ia?oecai Ieinea inaiaiaeeee ai?iae.
Eeaa aai caueoieee ioaeanoaaiii iai?iiyee a iaeanoi/aiiuo aiyo aeaa
ianyoea. A eiioea aaaonoa 1941 a. oaoenou aeaeioee ia tha, a iaoiae
ai?iaea, oaieiaoth a?oiie?iaeo. Ec-ca oa?icu ie?oaeaiey 19 naioya?y ii
i?eeaco Noaaee iaoe aienea inoaaeee Eeaa.
A aiaeu ieeoiaoeee a ai?iaea e ie?anoiinoyo aeaenoaiaaee ouny/e ia?oecai
e iiaeiieueueeia. Inaiueth 1943 a. aienea 1-ai Oe?aeineiai o?iioa
i?iaaee Eeaaneoth ianooiaoaeueioth iia?aoeeth. A aeoaa ca Aeiai?, i?e
inaiaiaeaeaiee noieeoeu Oe?aeiu iaoe aienea, ia?oecaiu e iiaeiieueueee
i?iyaeee noieeinoue e ioaaao, ioaeanoai e aa?ieci.
Eaieia?aae (Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a) aeey anaai ie?a noae neiaieii aani?eia?iie
noieeinoe iaoaai ia?iaea. I aeieaaea e aeoaa Iaaneie oaa?aeuie n a?aaii
(10 ethey 1941 – 9 aaaonoa 1944 a.) ia?yaeo n i?aaeuaeoueie
ioaeeeaoeeyie ?anneacuaaaony a noaouea iiae caaieiaeii «Nayuaiiay
aieia».
Niieaine oaeaea ia?aaeee iaeanoi/aiiua aie. Aienea Caiaaeiiai,
?aca?aiiai, Oeaio?aeueiiai e A?yineiai o?iioia a Niieaineii n?aaeaiee
(10 ethey – 10 naioya?y 1941 a.) caaea?aeaee ianooieaiea
iaiaoeei-oaoenoneeo aiene ia Iineao, ni?aaa a?aaeaneee ieai
aacinoaiiai/iiai i?i?uaa e noieeoea iaoae ?iaeeiu. Ca aiaeu aieiu a
Niieainea auee oie/oiaeaiu ana i?iiuoeaiiua i?aaei?eyoey e ?ac?ooaii 93%
aeeeiai oiiaea.
Ooea a ieoya?a-iiya?a 1941 a., eiaaea oaoenou ?aaeenue e Iineaa, /eneeea
n?aaee naieo caueoieeia eeoue iiee IEAAe, io?aiyaoee iai?iiiua caaiaeu,
eno?aaeoaeueiua aaoaeueiiu ec ?aai/eo e neoaeaueo aea
caieoii-a?oeeea?eeneee iiee. Ia caaiaeao oi?ie?iaaeenue io?yaeu e oee a
aie. AEaiueiu, noa?eee e iiae?inoee ?uee ieiiu e i?ioeaioaieiaua ?au,
nicaeaaaee oe?ai?aeiiu. Iaiaa /ai ca 20 aeiae iiae aiiaaaeeaie auee
yaaeoe?iaaiu iai?iiiua i?aaei?eyoey. Ai?iae ?onneeo i?oaeaeieeia
ioaeanoaaiii i?ioeainoiye ioai?iui /anoyi a?aaa. Ia?oae A.E. AEoeia
aniiieiae: «Ooea naycaea ii ?oeai e iiaai anth i?aaioeaiaiaoth
a?oiie?iaeo iaiaoeeeo aiene… A ?aca?iia iaiaoeeeo aiene iiae Iineaie
Ooea e aa aeeoaeyi i?eiaaeeaaeeo auaeathuayny ?ieue».
Iineaa noaea oeaio?ii i?eoyaeaiey aeoea?ianeeo iie/eu. N?aaeaieth o noai
noieeoeu iinayuai oeaeue ?yae ioaeeeaoeee. Au oaeaea iiaeaoa i?i/anoue i
iai a noaouea «Nayuaiiay aieia».
Iaeanna ano?aoeea caoaao/eeia a iineaaeiee ianyoe eaoa 1941 a. ia
aeaeueieo iiaenooiao. 10 aaaonoa a?aa ia/ae ooo?i. Aai io?aaeaee aienea
Ioaeaeueiie i?eii?neie a?iee, /anoe e ei?aaee *a?iiii?neiai oeioa. A
eiioea aaaonoa a?aa i?i?aaeny e Aeiai?o io E?aiai/oaa aei Oa?niia.
Iaeanna ieacaeanue ai a?aaeaneii oueo. I?e iiiaie?aoiii i?aainoiaenoaa
300-ouny/iay a?oiie?iaea a?aaa a oa/aiea 73 aeiae oiioaeanue ia ianoa.
Ai?iae noiye iania?oue. Oaoenou oae e ia niiaee iaeieaoue aai ooo?iii.
Oieueei a nayce n eciaiaieai iauae ianoaiiaee niaaoneia eiiaiaeiaaiea 30
naioya?y 1941 a. ioaeaei i?eeac ia yaaeoaoeee aiene.
10 ai?aey 1944 a. aienea 3-ai Oe?aeineiai o?iioa i?e aeoeaiii o/anoee
ia?oecai e iiaeiieueueeia inaiaiaeeee Iaeanno.
Naaanoiiieue ano?aoee a?aaa 30 ieoya?e 1941 a. ia (aeeaeaeoeo
iiaenooiao. Ia/aeanue aai 250-aeiaaiay aa?ie/aneay iai?iia-Aienea,
ii?yee e eao/eee i?iyaeyee ianniaue aa?ieci, e oieueei iinea i?eeaca
Noaaee Aa?oiaiiai Aeaaiieiiaiaeiaaiey 4 ethey inoaaeee ai?iae.
Naaanoiiieueoeu i?iaeieaeaee ai?ueao n caoaao/eeaie e a ieeoiaoeee.
Inaiaiaeaeaiea ai?iaea ia/aeinue 5 iay 1944 a. a oiaea E?uineie
ianooiaoaeueiie iia?aoeee. 9 iay 1944 a. ii aue i/euai io a?aaa.
Ea?/ue a na?aaeeia iiya?y 1941 a. iinea aeaooiaaeaeueiuo iaeanoi/aiiuo
aiaa caoaaoeee oaoenou. 30 aeaeaa?y a oiaea Ea?/ainei-Oaiaeineeneie
aeanaioiie iia?aoeee ai?iae inaiaiaeeee aienea 51-e a?iee. A iaa 1942
a., nin?aaeioi/ea e?oiiua neeu ia Ea?/aineii iieoino?iaa, a?aa ia/ae
iiaia ianooieaiea. Iinea oii?iuo aiaa iaoe aienea aiiaue inoaaeee
ai?iae.
A Aaeaeeiooeaa – iiaecaiiuo eaiaiieiiiyo, iuia iaoiaeyueony a /a?oa
ai?iaea, – iinea iooiaea aiene E?uineiai o?iioa a iaa – ieoya?a 1942 a.
aa?ie/anee iai?iiyeenue ieiei 10 ouny/ aieoeia e eiiaiaee?ia ie?oaeaiiuo
niaaoneeo aiene. Ioooaea iaiineee oaea?u ii a?aao iao?eiou-ea?/aioeu. 11
ai?aey 1944 a. aieiu Ioaeaeueiie i?eii?neie a?iee, *a?iiii?neiai oeioa e
Acianeie aiaiiie oeioeeee ia/aee ooo?i ai?iaea e iinea oii?iuo aiaa
inaiaiaeeee aai.
Aieaia?aae noae a?aiie Noaeeia?aaeneie aeoau – iaeiie ec aaee/aeoeo a
enoi?ee Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie e Aoi?ie ie?iaie aiei.
Iiai?inneene aunoiye a aeoaa ca Eaaeac. Iai?iia ai?iaea ia/aeanue ai
aoi?ie iieiaeia aaaonoa 1942 aiaea. Ioaaaeii n?aaeaeenue aienea 47-e
a?iee, ii?yee *a?iiii?neiai oeioa e Acianeie aiaiiie oeioeeee, ia?oecaiu
e iiaeiieueueee. A?aa oae e ia niia ainiieueciaaoueny Iiai?inneeneei
ii?neei ii?oii. ?ac?ooaiiue aei iniiaaiey ai?iae iaeieae a?aaa. Yoa
iiaaaea i?eaaea e ecaiaieth ieeoiaioia n Oaiaineiai iieoino?iaa. A
ieoya?a 1943 a. a ?acoeueoaoa ianooieaiey aiene Naaa?i-Eaaeacneiai
o?iioa auei caaa?oaii inaiaiaeaeaiea Eaaeaca io oaoenoia e ia/aeinue
inaiaiaeaeaiea E?uia.
Io?iaine ai a?aiy Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu aue oceiaui ioieoii
n?aaeathuaainy n aa?anni?ii Caiiey?uey, eiia/iui ioieoii Naaa?iuo
eiiaiaa – ea?aaaiia noaeia ec Aiaeee e NOA, i?eaiceaoeo a?ocu aeey
aiththuae a?iee e ouea. Naaa?iue oeio iai?iiye iiaa?aaeuea, iaania/eaae
ii?neea ia?aaicee, aeaenoaiaae ia ii?neeo eiiioieeaoeeyo a?aaa,
iiaeaea?aeeaae iaoe Nooiiooiua aienea, aunaaeeaae oaeoe/aneea aeanaiou.
Eeoa?aoo?a
1. Aiae?iieeia I. Aaoe Aaeeeie Iiaaaeu (e 60-eaoeth aa?ie/aneie iai?iiu
Noaeeia?aaea) //I?eaioe?. – 2006, ? 4.
2. Aeoaa ca Eaaeac – I., 2007.
3. Ae?iiia N.A. Enoi?ey ?innee (o/aaiia iiniaea) – I., 2006.
4. Eaaiia A.I. Aeie aieineie neaau ?innee. – I.. 2006
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