Ieienoa?noai aunoaai e n?aaeia – niaoeeaeueiiai ia?aciaaie
Oaoeaioneee
Ainoaea?noaaiiue Aaeaoeeiiiue Einoeoo
Eaoaae?a Iaiaaeaeiaioa
?aoa?ao ia oaio:
Airbus
Auiieiee:
I?eiye:
a.
Oaoeaio 2006 a.
Airbus Industries
A 1965 a. oe?iu O?aioeee, Aaeeeia?eoaiee e O?A ia/aee iacaaeneiua
enneaaeiaaiey i?iaeoia naiie?oia aeey neeueii caa?oaeaiiuo aaeaeeiee
iaeie e n?aaeiae i?ioyae?iiinoe, iacaaiiua «ay?iaon» (airbus). A /enei
nicaeaoaeae “Y?aan eiaeano?e” a eoiaa aioee “Ay?iniaoeaeue Iao?a”,
“Aeaeiea? E?aenea? Ay?iniyen” e “A?eoeo Ay?iniyen”. Nia/aea naiie?o
?anniao?eaaee eae 175-ianoiue, ii iicaeiaa aai aianoeiinoue aic?inea aei
220-260 iannaaee?ia. A naioya?a 1967 a. i?aaeoaeuenoaa O?aioeee, O?A e
Aaeeeia?eoaiee iiaeienaee iaii?aiaeoi i niaianoiie ?ac?aaioea e na?eeiii
i?iecaiaenoaa aa?iiaeneiai oe?ieiothcaeyaeiiai naiieaoa A300. Aeey
?oeiaiaenoaa i?ia?aiiie e eii?aeeiaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe oe?i a aeaeaa?a
1970 a. aue ia?aciaai eiini?oeeoi Airbus Industries ni ooaa-eaa?oe?ie a
Ooeoca (O?aioeey).
Iino?ieea ia?aiai iiuoiiai naiie?oa A300A1 ia/aeanue a naioya?a 1969 a.
Ia?aue iie?o ninoiyeny 28 ieoya?y 1972 a., a a eiioea ethiy 1973 a. –
ia?aue iie?o naiie?oa A300A2, othcaeyae eioi?iai aue oaeeeiai ia 2,6 i.
Ii caaa?oaiee e?oiuo eniuoaiee, a eioi?uo o/anoaiaaee 4 iaoeiu, a
na?aaeeia ia?oa 1974 a. a? na?oeoeoee?iaaee ai O?aioeee e O?A, a a
eiioea iay 1974 a.- a NOA. Oiaaea aea ia/aeinue e na?eeiia i?iecaiaenoai
iiauo eaeia?ia.
Ia?aue naiie?o aue iinoaaeai a iaa 1974 a. Ia?aiia/aeueii ia ?uiea
iiyaeeenue eaeia?u A300A2-100 n aeaeaaoaeyie General Electric CF6-50C. A
eiioea 1976 a. ia/aeenue iinoaaee naiie?oia A300A2-200, eioi?ua iniauaee
O?AeAe Pratt & Whitney JT9D-59A.
Neaaeothuae iiaeeoeeaoeeae noae A300A4 n oeo/oaiiuie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie e
oaaee/aiiie aeaeueiinoueth iie?oa. Ia?aue iie?o iiuoiay iaoeia niaa?oeea
26 aeaeaa?y
1974 a. Yoo iiaeaeue na?oeoeoee?iaaee a ia?oa 1975 a. Naiie?o aue
iniau?i aiaeiaiaui eiiieaenii aaeiieee n auaiaeii eioi?iaoeee ia
yeaeo?iiaoaie/aneea eiaeeeaoi?u. Aeey eiaeiiaceeneie aaeaeiiiaiee
?ac?aaioaee eaaeio yeeiaaea niaoeeaeueiie eiiiiiiaee (n i?eai?iie
aeineie, aaea nin?aaeioi/aiu ana iaiaoiaeeiua eiaeeeaoi?u) – ii oae
iacuaaaiie eiioeaioeee FFCC (Forward Facing Crew Cockpit). ?aaoey?iay
yenieoaoaoeey naiie?oa ia/aeanue a iaa 1975 a.
A300A e iiuo aai ?ac?aaioee iineoaeeee aacie aeey aeaeueiaeoae
aeayoaeueiinoe eiini?oeeoia Airbus. Ia iniiaa iannaaee?neiai naiie?oa
auee nicaeaiu a?ociiannaaee?neee aa?eaio A300N4 e a?ociaie – A300F4.
Iaeiaei oe?ieiai ?ani?ino?aiaiey iie ia iieo/eee – anaai auei iino?iaii
/aou?a iaoeiu. Yoe iaoeiu eiaee ii eaaiio ai?oo othcaeyaea ia?aae e?ueii
a?ociaoth aeaa?ue ?acia?ii 3,58×2,56 i. A eaaeia iiaee ?acianoeoueny aei
20 a?ociauo iiaeaeiiia, a a ieaeieo a?ociauo ionaeao – aei 20
eiioaeia?ia oeia LDC iauae iannie aei 40.000 ea.
A 1997 a. Iaoeeiiaeueiue oeaio? ii enneaaeiaaieyi einie/aneiai
i?ino?ainoaa O?aioeee iieo/ee iiaeeoeoee?iaaiiue naiie?o A300 ZERO-G
aeey eieoaoeee oneiaee iaaaniiinoe.
A eiioea 1980 a. eiini?oeeoi Airbus i?enooiee e ?ac?aaioea
oniaa?oainoaiaaiiiai aa?eaioa – A300-600 aeey aaeaeeiee n?aaeiae e
aieueoie i?ioyae?iiinoe. E ?aaioa ii yoie iiaeaee eiini?oeeoi i?enooiee
a eiioea 1980 a. A eiino?oeoeee eniieueciaaee ia?aaeithth e
oeaio?aeueioth naeoeee othcaeyaea e e?uei naiie?oia A300A2/A4, a
oainoiaoth /anoue othcaeyaea acyee io naiie?oa A310. Eaaeia yeeiaaea
noaea oaeie aea, eae e ia A310, oeeo?iaua eiiieaenu aaeiieee – EFIS e
ANAI – oaeaea auee acyou n iiaeaee A310. N oeaeueth iaania/aiey
o?aaoaiie oeaio?iaee, othcaeyae aue oaeeei?i ia 0,53 i, ia eiioeao e?uea
onoaiiaeee «e?ueuoee».
Iiuoiue yecaiiey? (n aeaeaaoaeyie JT9D-7R4H1) auiieiee ia?aue iie?o 8
ethey 1983 a. A ia/aea ia?oa 1984 a. ii aue na?oeoeoee?iaai ai O?aioeee.
A ia?oa 1985 a. caaa?oeeanue na?oeoeeaoeey aa?eaioa naiie?oa n
aeaeaaoaeyie CF6-80C2, a a naioya?a ia/aeenue aai iinoaaee. Ia?aie yoo
iiaeaeue iieo/eea oaeeaiaeneay aaeaeiiiaiey Thai Airways.
Ia aaca A300-600 aue ?ac?aaioai aa?eaio n oaaee/aiiie aeaeueiinoueth
iie?oa – A300-600R. E aai nicaeaieth eiini?oeeoi Airbus i?enooiee a 1985
a. Aeey oaaee/aiey aeaeueiinoe iie?oa aeiiieieoaeueiue oiieeaiue aae
?ieinoueth 6150 e ?acianoeee a ai?eciioaeueiii iia?aiee. Yoi iicaieeei
?aoeoue au? iaeio caaea/o – n iiiiuueth nenoaiu ia?aea/ee oiieeaa noaei
aiciiaeii oi?aaeyoue aaeaine?iaeie naiie?oa a iie?oa (aia?aua iiaeiaioth
nenoaio eniieueciaaee ia naiie?oa A310-300).
Ia?aue iie?o A300-600R (n aeaeaaoaeyie General Electric CF6-80C2A5)
niaa?oee 9 aeaeaa?y 1987 a. A ia?oa 1988 a. caaa?oeeanue aai
na?oeoeeaoeey a Aa?iia e NOA. Ia?aue naiie?o aue iinoaaeai a eiioea
ai?aey 1988 a. aia?eeaineie aaeaeiiiaiee American Airlines. A eiioea
naioya?y 1988 a. ninoiyeny ia?aue iie?o aa?eaioa n aeaeaaoaeyie oe?iu
Pratt & Whitney, iinoaaee ia/aeenue a iiya?a 1988 a. A ia?oa 1990 a.
naiie?o A300-600R, iniau?iiue aeaeaaoaeyie oe?iu General Electric, aue
na?oeoeoee?iaai FAA ia niioaaonoaea o?aaiaaieyi ETOPS e
aeaooaeaeaaoaeueiui iaaeno?aeueiui naiie?oai, niaeanii eioi?ui iaoeia
iiaeao auiieiyoue a oa/aiea 180 iei iie?o aei caianiiai ay?iae?iia n
iaeiei ?aaioathuei aeaeaaoaeai. A300-600R auioneaee na?eeii n 1987 a. E
ia/aeo 1996 a. auei iinoaaeaii 148 naiie?oia aeaiiie iiaeaee.
Ia iniiaa naiie?oa A300-600R niaoeeaeueii noi?ie?iaaiiie oe?iie SATIC
aue ?ac?aaioai a?ociaie A300-600ST Beluga, i?aaeiacia/aiiue aeey
ia?aaicee e?oiiiaaaa?eoiuo eiino?oeoeee (naeoeee othcaeyaea, eiinieae
e?uea, iiaa?oiinoae iia?aiey e aeaeaaoaeae) aeey iannaaee?neeo naiie?oia
eiini?oeeoia Airbus n caaiaeia-ecaioiaeoaeae ai O?aioeeth ia nai?i/iue
eiiieaen a Eieiiuea (i?eai?iae Ooeocu). Naiie?o ioee/aaony oaaee/aiiui
aei 7,7 i aeeaiao?ii othcaeyaea e ioe?uaathueiny aaa?o iiniaui
iaoaeaoaeai. Ia eiioeao ai?eciioaeueiiai iia?aiey onoaiiaeaiu aeaa
eiioeaaua «oaeau». A eaaeia naiie?oa iiaeii ia?aaiceoue a?ocu iannie aei
45.000 ea ia ?annoiyiea 2700 ei.
A 2005 a. a aaeaeiiiaiee ie?a yenieoaoe?iaaee 407 naiie?oia A300 anao
iiaeaeae.
A na?aaeeia 1975 a. Airbus i?enooiee e ?ac?aaioea i?iaeoa naiie?oa
A300A10, i?aaenoaaeyaoaai niaie aa?eaio A300A4 n oei?i/aiiui
othcaeyaeai. E?uei oe?iu AAa oiaiueoaiiiai ?aciaoa e ai?eciioaeueiia
iia?aiea auee iiauie. O?e aiaea nionoy, i?ia?aiia iieo/eea iaicia/aiea
A310, e ae aeaee ioeoeeaeueiue noa?o, i?aaeeiaeea aaeaeiiiaieyi aeaa
aa?eaioa: A310-100 n aeaeueiinoueth iie?oa 3700 ei, e eioi?iio
i?aeoe/anee ieeoi ia i?iyaee eioa?ana, e A310-200 n aeaeueiinoueth
iie?oa 5500 ei, noaaoee enoiaeiie iiaeaeueth.
Ia?aue iie?o iiuoiiai naiie?oa A310-200 n aeaeaaoaeyie Pratt & Whitney
JT9D-7R4 ninoiyeny 3 ai?aey 1982 a., a ia?aue iie?o naiie?oa n
aeaeaaoaeyie General Electric CF6-80A – a aaaonoa 1982 a. A ia?oa 1983
a. auea caaa?oaia na?oeoeeaoeey ai O?aioeee e O?A, a yiaa?a 1984 a. – a
Aaeeeia?eoaiee, a a oaa?aea 1985 a. – a NOA.
A ai?aea 1983 a. ia?aua eiiiaiee – Lufthansa e Swissair – ia/aee
yenieoaoaoeeth A310-200. Aaniie 1986 a. eiino?oeoeeth A310-200
oniaa?oainoaiaaee, iiaunea oiieeaioth yooaeoeaiinoue: ia caeiioeiaeao
e?uea iiyaeeenue «e?ueuoee», aa?oeeaeueiia iia?aiea noaei
oaeaieanoeeiaui, a oi?iica eie?n noaee aeaeaoue ec eiiiiceoia ia iniiaa
aieieii oaea?iaea.
Ia iniiaa iannaaee?neiai naiie?oa ?ac?aaioaee e a?ociiannaaee?neee
aa?eaio A310-200N, iniau?iiue aieiaie a?ociaie aeaa?ueth e ?ann/eoaiiue
ia ia?aaiceo a?ocia iannie aei 40.300 ea, e a?ociaie naiie?o A310-200F n
«ieaoiie iaa?oceie» 43.000 ea.
Ii iniiaiui aa?eaioii, i?iaeoiua ?aaiou ii eioi?iio ia/aeenue a 1982 a.,
noae naiie?o A310-300, i?aaeiacia/aiiue aeey yenieoaoaoeee ia ia?o?ooao
aieueoae i?ioyae?iiinoe, /ai A310-200. Ioeoeeaeueii ?ac?aaioea iaoeiu
ia/aeanue a ia?oa 1983 a. iinea ia/aea iinoaaie A310-200. Iniiaiia
ioee/ea «o??onioee» io enoiaeiiai aa?eaioa caeeth/aeinue a iaee/ee
aeiiieieoaeueiiai oiieeaiiai aaea ?ieinoueth 6100 e a ai?eciioaeueiii
iia?aiee e i?eiaiaiee aaoiiaoece?iaaiiie nenoaiu ia?aea/ee oiieeaa aeey
nio?aiaiey iioeiaeueiie aaeaine?iaee naiie?oa. Ia caeiioeiaeao e?uea
oaeaea iiyaeeenue «e?ueuoee», eioi?uie iicaea inianoeee e A310-200.
A310-300 iieo/ee oeeo?iaie eiiieaen aaeiieee EFIS n /aou?ueiy oeaaoiuie
iiiaiooieoeeiiaeueiuie aeenieayie iie?oiie eioi?iaoeee, e oeeo?iaie
nenoaiie eiio?iey ca ?aaioie ai?onenoai e i?aaeoi?aaeaeaiey ia ioeacao
ANAI.
?aaeeiiaaeaaoeeiiiia iai?oaeiaaiea niioaaonoaiaaei noaiaea?oo ARINC 700.
Ia?aue iie?o iiuoiiai A310-300 n aeaeaaoaeyie Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7R4
ninoiyeny 8 ethey 1985 a., a ia?aue iie?o naiie?oa n aeaeaaoaeyie
General Electric CF6-80C2 – a naioya?a 1985 a. Na?oeoeeaoeey
caaa?oeeanue a aeaeaa?a 1985 a., e a yoii aea ianyoea oaaeoea?neay
aaeaeiiiaiey Swissair iieo/eea naie ia?aue naiie?o. A ieoya?a 1991 a.
A310-300 na?oeoeoee?iaae «Aaea?aaeno?» ?O, a ?acoeueoaoa /aai ii iieo/ee
i?aai ia yenieoaoaoeeth a ?inneeneeo aaeaeiiiaieyo. Aaeaeiiiaiey
«Ay?ioeio – ?AE» i?eia?aea 10 naiie?oia A310-300, aeaa ec eioi?uo a?aea
a a?aiaeo o yeooneie aaeaeiiiaiee «Aeaeiiiae Naoa».
Ianeieueei naiie?oia A310-200 e A310-300 eniieueciaaee AAN ?yaea no?ai
(Eaiaaea, O?A, O?aioeey e Oaeeaiae) aeey ia?aaicee aunieiiinoaaeaiiuo
eeoe, a oaeaea a ea/anoaa aiaiii-o?ainii?oiuo. A 1995 a. iaeei A310-300
ia?aiai?oaeiaaee a o?ainii?oiue naiie?o-cai?aauee MRTT. Ii iiaeao
ia?aaiceoue ?acee/iua a?ocu aiaiiiai iacia/aiey, a oaeaea
aeiiieieoaeueiia oiieeai iannie 28.000 ea aeey cai?aaee iaeiiai – aeaoo
naiie?oia a iie?oa.
A310-300 auioneaee na?eeii n 1985 a. Anaai e ia/aeo 1997 a. auei
i?iaeaii 176 naiie?oia aeaiiie iiaeeoeeaoeee. Iauaa /enei i?iaeaiiuo
A310 e na?aaeeia 1997 a. ninoaaeyei 261, a yenieoaoaoeee iaoiaeeeinue
249 iaoei. A 2005 a. aaeaeiiiaiee ie?a yenieoaoe?iaaee 200 naiie?oia
A310.
A 1972 a. eiini?oeeoi i?enooiee e i?iaeoe?iaaieth oe?ieiothcaeyaeiiai
naiie?oa A300A9, i?aaenoaaeythuaai oaeeeiaiiue aa?eaio A300A2 ia 322
ianoa. A 1973 a neooaoeey ia ie?iaii ?uiea auyaeea iio?aaiinoue a aieaa
aianoeoaeueiii naiie?oa, e eiini?oeeoi i?i?aaioae i?iaeo A300A11 n
/aou?ueiy O?AeAe. A 1980 a. iaa i?iaeoa iieo/eee niioaaonoaaiii
iaicia/aiey OA9 e OA11 (OA – twin aisle – «oe?ieiothcaeyaeiue»). A
naioya?a 1982 a eiini?oeeoi niiauee, /oi o iaieo iiauo naiie?oia aoaeao
iauay eiino?oeoeey ieaia?a e ?aciia /enei aeaeaaoaeae. A yiaa?a 1986 a
i?iaeoo OA9 auei i?enaiaii iaicia/aiea A330, a i?iaeoo OA11 – A340. Oioy
ioeoeeaeueii i?ia?aiiu iaieo naiie?oia ia/aeenue a ethia 1987 a, ia?aui
ii a?aoeeo o?e A340, a n eioa?aaeii i?eia?ii a aiae – A330.
A ethia 1995 a. ai a?aiy i/a?aaeiie iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aaeaeinie/aneie
aunoaaee a Ia?eaea eiini?oeeoi Airbus niiauee i ieaiao ?ac?aaioee iiaie
iiaeeoeeaoeee naiie?oa A340-200, niiniaiie niaa?oaoue aaniinaaei/iua
iie?ou ia ia?o?ooao i?ioyae?iiinoueth nauoa 14.000 ei. A oiaea
?ac?aaioee naiie?oa A340 eiini?oeeoi nia/aea i?iaeoe?iaae aa?eaio n
aeaeueiinoueth iie?oa 12.400 ei, eioi?ue ii ?acia?ai aue eaeaioe/ai
A330-300. Ii aiaeec ia?niaeoea ?acaeoey ie?iaiai ?uiea iieacae, /oi
iaeeaeaaony iiauoaiiue ni?in ia oe?ieiothcaeyaeiua naiie?ou n
aeaeueiinoueth iie?oa aei 14.000 ei. A nayce n yoei Airbus i?enooiee e
nicaeaieth iiaeeoeeaoeee A340-200, eioi?ay ioee/aeanue oiaiueoaiiie ia
4,26 i aeeeiie othcaeyaea. Iannaaee?iaianoeiinoue naiie?oa nie?aoeeanue,
ii aeaeueiinoue iie?oa oaeaeinue oaaee/eoue aei 13.800 ei.
E?oiua eniuoaiey iiuoiiai A340-300 ia/aeenue 25 ieoya?y 1991 a., a
A340-200 – a ai?aea 1992 a. Na?oeoeeaoeey iaieo aa?eaioia ii aa?iiaeneei
ii?iai JAA caaa?oeeanue a eiioea aeaeaa?y 1992 a., a a iaa 1993 a. iie
iieo/eee na?oeoeeao FAA. A eiioea oaa?aey 1993 a. ia?aue naiie?o
A340-300 iieo/eea aaeaeiiiaiey Air France. A ia/aea oaa?aey 1993 a.
ia?aue A340-200 iiiieiee ia?e iaiaoeeie aaeaeiiiaiee Lufthansa.
16-18 ethiy 1993 a. naiie?o A340-200, iacaaiiue World Ranger, auiieiee
e?oainaaoiue ia?ae?o ii ia?o?ooo Ia?eae – Ieeaiae (Iiaay Caeaiaeey) –
Ia?eae n iaeiie iinaaeeie a Ieeaiaea. Yoa iaoeia, iieo/ea iaicia/aiea
A340-8000 (A340-200HGW), ioee/aeanue io aaciaiai aa?eaioa iaee/eai o??o
aeiiieieoaeueiuo oiieeaiuo aaeia a oainoiaii a?ociaii ionaea. Aanue
ia?ae?o i?iaeieaeaeny 48 / 22 iei. Ia io?acea Ia?eae – Ieeaiae
i?ioyae?iiinoueth 19.100 ei a?aiy iie?oa ninoaaeei 21 / 32 iei, /oi auei
i?eciaii iiaui ?aei?aeii aeey aeaiiiai ia?o?ooa. Ii yoio ?aei?ae aaniie
1997 a. iiaee aia?eeaineee Boeing 777-200IGW.
A340 – iiiiieai ni naiaiaeiiianouei no?aeiaeaeiui e?ueii. Aieueoia
oaeeeiaiea e iaee/ea eiioeaauo ay?iaeeiaie/aneeo iiaa?oiinoae
iaania/eaatho aunieia ea/anoai (10 aae.) e nieaeatho eiaeoeoeaiia
nii?ioeaeaiea. E?uei eiaao aieueooth ioiineoaeueioth oieueio, eioi?ay
oaaee/eaaao aioo?aiiea iau?iu aeey oiieeaa. Oeo/oaiiua ianouea naienoaa
iicaieeee oiaiueoeoue ieiuaaeue, iauoth ianno eiino?oeoeee e, eae
neaaenoaea, ?anoiae oiieeaa. E?uei auiieiaii ec aunieii?i/iuo
aethieieaauo nieaaia e eiiiiceoia. Oe?iei eniieueciaaee e iiiieeoiua
iaiaee, /oi oi?iuaei nai?eo e nieaeaei noieiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa. Yoi
oaeaea iicaieeei nieceoue aan eiino?oeoeee e nie?aoeoue /enei
iioaioeeaeueiuo cii ia?ooaiey aa?iaoecaoeee. Eneeth/aiea niaaeeiaiee
aiaoeano, iaeia /enei ioaa?noee iiae aieou oiaiueoaee /enei iano, aaea
iiaoo ca?iaeaeaoueny o?aueiu.
Ia eaaeaeie eiiniee onoaiiaeaiu cae?ueee e, /oi eioa?anii, naiue naeoeee
i?aaee?ueeia, caieiaaoeo ii/oe anth aeeeio ia?aaeiae e?iiee. E cae?ueee,
e i?aaee?ueee oi?aaeyeenue aaoiiaoe/anee n iiiiuueth YAeNO. E?uei eiaei
aioo?aiiea yea?iiu e eioa?oeaioi?u, /oi iiauoaei yooaeoeaiinoue
iiia?a/iiai oi?aaeaiey e oeo/oaei e?aena?neoth ay?iaeeiaieeo e?uea.
Othcaeyae – iieoiiiieieiaie eiino?oeoeee, e?oaeue a iiia?a/iii na/aiee.
A eiino?oeoeee iia?aiey oe?iei i?eiaiyee eiiiiceou, /oi cia/eoaeueii
nieceei ianno. Naiie?o eiaao o??onoia/iia oae?athuaany oanne n oa?ie?iie
iiaeaaneie eie?niuo oaeaaeae. Iiniaay noieea – ni naeaiaiiuie
oi?aaeyaiuie eie?naie. Eaaeaeay iniiaiay noieea niaaaeaia aeaoiy
aeaooeie?niuie oaeaaeeaie n oaiaeaiiui ?aniieiaeaieai eiean. Nenoaia
oi?iiaeaiey -aaoiiaoe/aneay.
Iaaeaaoeeiiiua nenoaiu A340 iicaieytho yeeiaaeo eaoaoue a aaoiiaoe/aneii
?aaeeia. Niaoeeaeueiue i?eai? aeey ii?aaeaeaiey oeaio?a oyaeanoe aea?o
niioaaonoaothuee neaiae ia onoaiiaeo o?eiia?a ?oey auniou.
Eaaeia naiie?oa eaeaioe/ia eaaeia ae?oaeo eaeia?ia Airbus. Aeaaiia
ioee/ea – aieueoea ?acia?u, i?eai?u au? aeey aeaoo iioi?ia, iaiiiai
eciai?iiay iioiei/iay iaiaeue. Ia i?eai?iie aeinea onoaiiaeaiu oanoue
iiiaiooieoeeiiaeueiuo aeenieaaa: aiaoiea ye?aiu ?aaioatho eae«e?oiua
aeenieae» (ia?ae/iay eioi?iaoeey), a n?aaeiea – eae iaaeaaoeeiiiua. Iaa
n?aaeieo ye?aia eniieuecotho e aeey ia?aaea/e eioi?iaoeee i ia?aiao?ao
nenoai e aeaeaaoaeae a aaa?eeiie neooaoeee. Anoue e ?aca?aiue eiioo?,
iaania/eaathuee ieeioo aiciiaeiinoue iinaaeee naiie?oa i?e ioeacao.
E?anea yeeiaaea iiaiai iieieaiey – n yeaeo?e/aneie nenoaiie oi?aaeaiey
ii o??i inyi e n ioeeiiyaiie nieieie. Iieiaeaiea iaaeaeae e aunioa
iiaeeieioieeia – ?aaoee?oaiua. Neaaa e ni?aaa onoaiiaeaiu aieiaua ?o/ee
oi?aaeaiey.
A340-200 noae ia?aaioeai oeaeiai naiaenoaa naiie?oia. A340-300 –
aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea A340-200, n oaaee/aiiie ianaaee?iaianoeiinoueth.
A340-300A – iiaeeoeeaoeey naiie?oa A340-300 n oaaee/aiiie ace?oiie
iannie e aieueoae aeaeueiinoueth iie?oa. Ia?aue aai iie?o ninoiyeny 25
aaaonoa 1995 a., na?oeoeeaoeey caaa?oeeanue aaniie 1996 a. Ia?aui
caeac/eeii naiie?oa noaea aaeaeiiiaiey Singapore Airlines, iieo/eaoay
ia?aua iaoeiu a ai?aea 1996 a. Auioneaeny na?eeii n 1995 a.
A340-500 – aeaeueiaiaaeno?aeueiue iannaaee?neee naiie?o, iai?oaeiaaiiue
oo?aiaaioeeyoi?iuie aeaeaaoaeyie Rolls-Royce Trent 553. A340-500 eiaao
iaeei ec naiuo aeeeiiuo (67,90 i) othcaeyaeae a naiaenoaa ACCI/340,
iicaieythuee ?acianoeoue a i?i aaee n ai?th/ei iauae aia A340-500. Ii
aia?aua iiaeiyeny a aicaeoo a ai?aea 2001 a. Yoi naiue aieueoie ii
iannaaee?iaianoeiinoe naiie?o naiaenoaa A340. ?ieinoue oiieeaiuo aaeia –
194.880 e, /oi iicaieyao ia?aaiceoue 380 /aeiaae ia ?annoiyiea 13.900
ei. Aeey A340-600 ?ac?aaioai iiaue aa?eaio eioa?uea?a. Auee
ni?iaeoe?iaaiu iiaua aieaa aianoeoaeueiua ionaee aeey ?o/iie eeaaee n
iaeaa/?iiui aeinooiii.
Iinaoeoaee 44-ai iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai aaeaeinie/aneiai naeiia «Ea Ao?aea
2001» n eioa?anii iaaethaeaee ca iie?oaie iiaiai eaeia?a. Auaeyaeae ii
i/aiue i?eaeaeaoaeueii, eaaei iaae?ae aunioo, niaei e oaa?aiii aeaeae
e?ooua ?acai?iou, aac iaeooeoaeueiiai ?aaa aceaoae. Ca iaaeaeth
aaeaaeiaaiuo iieacaoaeueiuo iie?oia eaeia? noae ethaeioeai ioaeeee.
A 2005 a. a ie?a yenieoaoe?iaaee 230 naiie?oia A340-200/300 e 64 eaeia?a
A340-500/600. I?e yoii naiui aieueoei ia?eii yoeo iaoei ?aniieaaaea
aaeaeiiiaiey Lufthansa (30 oooe A340-300). Aoi?ia ianoi caieiaao
aaeaeiiiaiey Air France, yenieoaoe?othuay 21 naiie?o A340-300. O?aouea
ianoi, noaey ii anaio, iiaeaeyo aaeaeiiiaiey Iberia, eiathuay 18
eaeia?ia A340-300 e aaeaeiiiaiey Emirates, naeaeaaoay caeac ia 18
naiie?oia A340-600. Ae
noeiinoue 214.810 e. Naiie?o yaeyaony naiui aeaeueiei ec yoiai naiaenoaa
aaeaeaeia?ia. Ii niiniaai ia?aaiceoue 313 /aeiaae i?e o??oeeanniie
eiiiiiiaea naeiia ia ?annoiyiea 15.742 ei. Iaeneiaeueiay ace?oiay ianna
iaoeiu -365.000 ea A340-600 iineoaeee aeaeueiaeoei ?acaeoeai iiaeaee
A340-500. Ii aia?aua iiaeiyeny a aicaeoo a ai?aea 2001 a. Yoi naiue
aieueoie ii ian-naaee?iaianoeiinoe naiie?o naiaenoaa A340. ?ieinoue
oiieeaiuo aaeia – 194.880 e, /oi iicaieyao ia?aaiceoue 380 /aeiaae ia
?annoiyiea 13.900 ei. Aeey A340-600 ?ac?aaioai iiaue aa?eaio eioa?uea?a.
Auee ni?iaeoe?iaaiu iiaua aieaa aianoeoaeueiua ionaee aeey ?o/iie eeaaee
n iaeaa/?iiui aeinooiii.
Iinaoeoaee 44-ai iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai aaeaeinie/aneiai naeiia «Ea Ao?aea
2001» n eioa?anii iaaethaeaee ca iie?oaie iiaiai eaeia?a. Auaeyaeae ii
i/aiue i?eaeaeaoaeueii, eaaei iaae?ae aunioo, niaei e oaa?aiii aeaeae
e?ooua ?acai?iou, aac iaeooeoaeueiiai ?aaa aceaoae. Ca iaaeaeth
aaeaaeiaaiuo iieacaoaeueiuo iie?oia eaeia? noae ethaeioeai ioaeeee.
A 2005 a. a ie?a yenieoaoe?iaaee 230 naiie?oia A340-200/300 e 64 eaeia?a
A340-500/600. I?e yoii naiui aieueoei ia?eii yoeo iaoei ?aniieaaaea
aaeaeiiiaiey Lufthansa (30 oooe A340-300). Aoi?ia ianoi caieiaao
aaeaeiiiaiey Air France, yenieoaoe?othuay 21 naiie?o A34-300. O?aouea
ianoi, noaey ii anaio, iiaeaeyo aaeaeiiiaiey Iberia, eiathuay 18
eaeia?ia A340-300 e aaeaeiiiaiey Emirates, naeaeaaoay caeac ia 18
naiie?oia A340-600.
A IUEO EIIEO?AIOIIE AI?UeAU
A Aa?iia n o?aaiaie iaaethaeaee ca aac?acaeaeueiui ainiiaenoaii
“Aieiaa”. Aa?iiaeneea, n?aaieoaeueii iaaieueoea eiiiaiee ia iiaee
i?ioeainoiyoue aai yeniainee. Iiyoiio a 1980 aiaeo n iaeia?aiey AYN
aaeano?ieoaeueiua oe?iu /aou?ao no?ai: Aiaeee, O?aioeee, Aa?iaiee e
Eniaiee, iauaaeeieeenue e ia?aciaaee eiini?oeeoi ii i?iecaiaenoao
iannaaee?neeo naiieaoia, aeaa aio iacaaiea “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” (Airbus
Industry). Ia?aua aeanyoue eao ooee ia inaiaiea i?iecaiaenoaa
ianeieueeeo oeiia iannaaee?neeo naiieaoia. Oioy ii naiei aeaiiui iie
auee aeecee e naiieaoai “Aieiaa”, iineaaeiee ia i?iyaeye iniaiai
aaniieienoaa: iauaiu i?iaeaae aa?iiaeneiai eiieo?aioa inoaaaeenue i/aiue
iaaieueoeie. Ii a?aiy oei, “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” e?ai aeaiue ioi aeiy, e e
ia/aeo 1990-o aiaeia aai aeiey ia ie?iaii ?uiea i?eaeeceeanue e iaeiie
o?aoe. Yoi aue oaea aeinoaoi/ii na?ueaciue neaiae. Ia yoii yoaia “Aieia”
?aoee ?ac?aaioaoue aeiiieieoaeueiua iiaeeoeeaoeee ia aaca nouanoaothueo
iiaeaeae: ?an/ao aue ia oi, /oi yoi eo/oa oaeiaeaoai?eo cai?inu
iieoiaoaeae e iiiiaeao cae?aieoue naia eeaee?othuaa iieiaeaiea. E
i?eia?o, iaeay e iaeaieaa ianniaay iiaeaeue 737 i?aaeeaaaeanue a oanoe
iiaeeoeeaoeeyo, ioee/athueony ?acia?aie e aioo?aiiae eiiiiiiaeie.
Iaeiaei anei?a i?eoee e auaiaeo, /oi yoiai iaaeinoaoi/ii, /oiau
iaaeaaeii “ioi?aaoueny” io eiieo?aioa.
Aue naeaeai aieaa ?aaeeeaeueiue oiae: ?ac?aaioaee e ia/aee na?eeiia
i?iecaiaenoai i?eioeeieaeueii iiaiai aeaooiioi?iiai naiieaoa iiaeaee
777, eioi?ay i?aaeiacia/aeanue aeey naa?oaeaeueieo iaaeeiioeiaioaeueiuo
eeiee, a oii /enea, aeey o?ainoeoiieaaineeo ia?o?ooia (aei neo ii? yoi
n/eoaeinue i?a?iaaoeaie /aou?aoiioi?iuo iaoei). E oioy ii aianoeiinoe
777-ie onooiae 747-io, ii nei?inoe e yeiiiie/aneei iieacaoaeyi caiaoii
i?aainoiaeee aai. ?an/ao ieacaeny aa?iui: ca ianeieueei eao 777-ie
caaiaaae i?eciaiea e oi?iooth ?aiooaoeeth, e caeacu ia iaai ?inee n
eaaeaeui aiaeii.
E yoiio aea a?aiaie ioiineony aua iaeii aaaeiia niauoea – ono?aiaiea
aaeeinoaaiiiai eiieo?aioa a Aia?eea – ei?ii?aoeee “Iaeaeiiiae-Aeoaean”.
Eoiee aa “Aieia”, eae aiai?yo, “ni anaie iio?ioaie”, aeeth/aaoeie
ianeieueei caaiaeia ii i?iecaiaenoao a?aaeaeaineeo e aiaiiuo naiieaoia.
I?aaaea, ?ieue aa ia ie?iaii ?uiea a?aaeaeaineie aaeaoeee auea iaaaeeea
– anaai o?e i?ioeaioa, ii oiae yoio eiae iieeoe/aneoth iiaeiieaeo, noaay
“Aieia” a iieiaeaiea eaaaeueiiai iiiiiieenoa. I?aaeoaeuenoai ia
i?aiyonoaiaaei neeyieth, aeaiiino?e?oy oaeei ia?acii iiaeaea?aeeo
“Aieiao” a ieeo AYN, no?aiu-o/anoieoeu eioi?iai, aii?aee i?ioanoai NOA,
iiiiaatho “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” nouanoaaiiuie i?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuie
noaneaeeyie.
Oaia?ue ianoaea i/a?aaeue “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” caaeoiaoueny iaae naiei
aoaeouei. Ioaeai aue iai?aeeia?iue oaa, e ii aue iaeaeai. Eiini?oeeoi
iauyaee, /oi i?enooiaao e ?ac?aaioea iiaiai, iaaeaeaiiiai ii ?acia?ai,
iannaaee?neiai naiieaoa, eioi?ue aoaeao iacuaaoueny A-380. A ?aciuo
iiaeeoeeaoeeyo ii niiaeao ia?aaiceoue ia iaaeeiioeiaioaeueiuo eeieyo io
550 aei 800 iannaaee?ia. I?e yoii ii oaeianoaai aeey iannaaee?ia ii
i?eaeeceony e e?oeciiio ei?aaeth: ia aai ai?oo aoaeoo niaeueiua ianoa,
?anoi?ai, iaaaceiu, ia?eeiaoa?neea, aeiianoe/aneee cae e aua iiiaia
ae?oaia, /oi iiiiaeao iooaoanoaaiieeai eaa/a ia?aianoe aeeeoaeueiue
iieao.
Iiia/aeo ?oeiaiaeeoaee “Aieiaa” ioianeenue e i?iaeoo neaioe/anee: ia
iiaa?eee, /oi aa?iiaeoeu iaeaeoo 12 ie?ae. aeieea?ia ia ?ac?aaioeo e
inaiaiea i?iecaiaenoaa e iieo/ao aeinoaoi/ii caeacia ia yoio ia?iiiue e
aei?iaie naiieao. Iaeiaei ia i?ioei e iieaiaea, eae ioaeiua aeaiueae
auee iaeaeaiu, a aua /a?ac ianeieueei ianyoeaa “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” niiauee
/a?ac i?anno, /oi iieo/ee iaiaoiaeeiua aeey ia/aea i?iecaiaenoaa 50
caeacia. Yoi aue ianoiyuee oie: aia?eeaioeai ioaaoeoue auei ia/ai. Aei
iiyaeaiey A-380 i?aaaee?iaaei iiaiea, /oi a?aiy naa?oaieueoeo naiieaoia
ooiaeeo, ?aoathuei oaeoi?ii noaiiaeony aeaeueiinoue aaniinaaei/iiai
iieaoa e nei?inoue, iiyoiio ainiiaenoaothuei noaiao eaeia?, iicaieythuee
iannaaee?ai o?aineiioeiaioaeueiuo eeiee i?aiaeieaaaoue naiua aeeeiiua
ia?o?oou aac iinaaeie. Eae eaeaaeueiue i?aaenoaaeee naie 777-ie –
?aei?aeniai aeaeueiinoe e nei?inoe.
Iaeiaei, noaey ii ?aaeoeee iieoiaoaeae, i?aaeeiaeaiiay eiioeaioeey ia
i?iecaaea ia ieo iaeeaeaaiiai aia/aoeaiey, e “Aieia” auioaeaeai aue
eneaoue ae?oaie iooue. Iinea io/eoaeueiuo ?aciuoeaiee eiiiaiey ?aoeea
iiaea?iece?iaaoue 747-ie, aeiaaaey eiee/anoai iannaaee?ia aei 550. I?e
yoii oeaia naiieaoa e yenieoaoaoeeiiiua ?anoiaeu i?aaeiieaaaeenue auoue
cia/eoaeueii ieaea, /ai o “Y?aan Eiaeano?e”.
I?ioei anaai iieaiaea, e “Aieia” ioeacaeny io yoiai ?aoaiey. Ia aai
noia?eaeia? caeac/eeia ia iaoeinue, e i?iaeo ioi?aaeeny ia iieeo. Ia
niaio i?eoei ia/oi nianai iiaia – “Eaoathuaa e?uei”. Oaeie naiieao
aeieaeai eaoaoue ia oa aea ?annoiyiey, /oi e nia?aiaiiua eaeia?u, ii ia
aieueoae aunioa e n ieieicaoeiaie nei?inoueth. Eiaiii aieaa aunieay
nei?inoue e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, iaiueoaa a?aiy ia?aeaoa aeieaeiu auee
i?eaea/ue caeac/eeia.
?iaeiia/aeueiee aeaeueieo iannaaee?neeo naiieaoia, /aou?aoiioi?iue
“No?aoieaeia?” (1938 aiae)
Ii e “eaoathuaa e?uei” i?iaea?aeaeinue iaaeieai: a ai?aea 2001 aiaea
iaei e iii. Aac iauyniaiey i?e/ei “Aieia” ia?aaeae a ia/aoue
ecia?aaeaiea iiaiai aa?eaioa naiieaoa. Oaeie oi?iu iu aua, eaaeaony, ia
aeaeaee: eiay e?ueuey, ?aniieiaeaiiua ncaaee, ii eaoeo eae au “oainoii
aia?aae”. Yoio eaeia?, ii niiauaieyi ?ac?aaio/eeia, aoaeao eaoaoue n
ieieicaoeiaie nei?inoueth – 700 ieeue a /an (1120 ei//an), o.a. ia 20%
auno?aa aieueoeinoaa nia?aiaiiuo iannaaee?neeo naiieaoia. ?ac?aaioea
eaeia?a, eioi?ue iieo/ee iacaaiea “Niiee E?oca?”, ?acaa?ioeanue iieiui
oiaeii n na?aaeeiu i?ioeiai aiaea e, eae iaeeaeatho, iaieaeaony a 4
ie?ae. aeieea?ia. ?uiie iiea ieeae ia io?aaae?iaae ia yoi i?aaeeiaeaiea.
A ai?ueaa ca ainiiaenoai ia ie?iaii ?uiea o/anoaotho ia oieueei
eiino?oeoi?neea ath?i, eaai?aoi?ee e oeaoa. Aieueoay ?ieue ioaiaeeony
aeeieiiaoee, /oi “Aieia” iaaeyaeii i?iaeaiiino?e?iaae, eiaaea a ia/aea
2001 aiaea nicaeae nianoaaiiia “aiaoiaiieeoe/aneia aaaeiinoai”,
?acianoea aai a Aaoeiaoiia, ii ninaaenoao n i?aaeoaeuenoaii. Aeey
?oeiaiaenoaa aue i?eaeaoai Oiian Ieea?eia, caiyaoee e?anei noa?oaai
aeoea-i?aceaeaioa “Aieiaa” ii eiino?aiiui aeaeai. O iaai aiaaoue iiuo: a
1993-96 aa ii aue iineii NOA a ?innee, a a iineaaeiea aiaeu –
caianoeoaeai ainnae?aoa?y a aaeieieno?aoeee i?aceaeaioa Eeeioiia. N
i?eoiaeii Ieea?eiaa aiaoiyy iieeoeea eiiiaiee caiaoii aeoeaece?iaaeanue,
i?e/ai nouanoaaiiay ?ieue ioaaaeaia ?innee, eioi?oth “Aieia”
o?aaeeoeeiiii aeeth/ae a noa?o naieo iniauo eioa?ania. A iineaaeiea
aiaeu ii aeiaeee a ?inneeneoth yeiiiieeo aieaa 2 ie?ae aeieea?ia e
aeaaea nicaeae a Iineaa enneaaeiaaoaeueneee oeaio?, a eioi?ii ?aaioatho
650 niaoeeaeenoia, a iniiaiii ?inneeneeo, eco/athueo i?iecaiaenoaaiiue e
eiino?oeoi?neee iioaioeeae aaeai?iiuoeaiiinoe ?innee e
iiaeaioaaeeaathueo i?aaeeiaeaiey ii aa eiiia?aoeee n “Aieiaii”.
Ii ieacaeinue, /oi ?inneeneay aaeai?iiuoeaiiinoue ia i?i/ue
nio?oaeie/aoue e n eiieo?aioaie aaeaaeaaioa. Aeey “Aieiaa” iaiaeeaeaiiui
noaei niiauaiea, /oi “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” a ia/aea i?ioeiai aiaea caeeth/ee
e?oiiia niaeaoaiea ia o/anoee ?inneyi a ?yaea i?iaeoia, a /anoiinoe, a
no?ieoaeuenoaa oiiieiaaoaainy noia?eaeia?a A-380. Yoi, anoanoaaiii,
aucaaei na?ueacioth icaai/aiiinoue o “Aieiaa”, e ioaeii auei i?eiyoue
ia?u, /oiau eae-oi iaeo?aeeciaaoue oneeey eiieo?aioa. Ioaaoii ia
“aueaceo” “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” auea iiacaeea a Iineao aeaau “Aieiaa” Oeea
Eiiaeeoa. Aai ia?aaiai?u i?eaaee e aeiaiai?aiiinoe ii ianeieueeei
i?iaeaiai, a /anoiinoe, i niaianoiie ?ac?aaioea e iineaaeothuai auionea
ia ?inneeneeo caaiaeao iiaiai naiieaoa aeey aioo?eeiioeiaioaeueiuo e
?aaeiiaeueiuo aaeaeeiee, a eioi?ii iaeaeao i?eiaiaiea iiaaeoay
aia?eeaineay oaoiieiaey. Ii caiuneo ia?oia?ia, yoio naiieao caiaieo
onoa?aaoea iiaeaee, nicaeaiiua aua a niaaoneea a?aiaia, e iaeaeao nauo
ai iiiaeo no?aiao.
?aaioo n ?inneae i?iaeieaeee Ieea?eia, eioi?ue inaiueth a ninoaaa
i?aaenoaaeoaeueiie aeaeaaaoeee e?oiiiai aia?eeaineiai aeciana oiaea
iiauaae a Iineaa. Ia yoio ?ac ia?aaiai?u eanaeenue i?iaeaaee
aaeaeaeia?ia “Ay?ioeioo”, eioi?ue iaaniieiai ninoiyieai naiaai iuiaoiaai
ia?ea naiieaoia. Ia?yaeo n o?aiy aeanyoeaie aiieia nia?aiaiiuo naiieaoia
“Aieiaa” e “Y?aan Eiaeano?e”, a “Ay?ioeioa” ana aua ?aaioatho aieaa
nioie onoa?aaoeo iaoei niaaoneiai i?iecaiaenoaa. Iie na?ueacii
ineiaeiytho aeeciue oeaaiaineie ?inneeneie aaeaeiiiaiee e iaoatho
oniaoii eiieo?e?iaaoue n aaaeoueie aa?iiaeneeie e aia?eeaineeie
eiiiaieyie ia iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo ia?o?ooao. E oiio aea n ai?aey 2002 aiaea
a Aa?iia anooiyo a neeo iiaua noaiaea?ou ii ooio naiieaoia: ie iaeei
noa?ue naiieao ia oaeiaeaoai?yao yoei ii?iai. Ana yoi canoaaeei
“Ay?ioeio” iioi?iieoueny n iaiiaeaieai naiaai ia?ea. A caaa?oaiea
ia?aaiai?ia auei iiaeaioiaeaii e iiaeienaieth niaeaoaiea ia i?iaeaaeo a
naiii aeeaeaeoai aoaeouai ia?auo 50 naiieaoia “Aieiaa”. Oi, /oi e
niaeaoaieth i?iyaeee aeeaie eioa?an i?aiuea?-ieieno? Ieoaee Eanueyiia e
nieea? Ainaeoiu Aaiiaaeee Naeaciaa, ii/oe aa?aioe?oao, /oi iii aoaeao
iiaeienaii. Yoio caeac – na?ueaciia iiaenii?uea aeey “Aieiaa” a oyaeaeie
yeiiiie/aneie neooaoeee, aicieeoae iinea 11 naioya?y.
N ia iaiueoei eioa?anii ioiineony “Aieia” e e aceaoneei no?aiai,
iniaaiii e Eeoath, e i?eeaaaao iaiaeua oneeey aeey caaiaaaiey aai ?uiea.
?uiie yoio i/aiue aieee: ii ioeaieai yenia?oia a i?aaenoiyuea 15-20 eao
Eeoae niae?aaony caeoieoue i?eia?ii 1200 a?aaeaeaineeo naiieaoia.
Iineaaeiea niiauaiey aiai?yo i oii, /oi “Aieia” e caeanue aeecie e
oniaoo. A yoii iaiaeay caneoaa aeeieiiaoia: a ii?yaeea eiiia?aoeee
eeoaeneea i?aaei?eyoey i?eaea/aiu e ecaioiaeaieth oceia aeey naiieaoia
“Aieiaa”, nicaeaiu oeaio?u ii iao/aieth eeoaeneeo ieeioia, aeinoeaiooa
aeiaiai?aiiinoue ia i?aaiecaoeee naoe i?aaei?eyoee ii oaoie/aneiio
ianeoaeeaaieth naiieaoia e niaaaeaieth cai/anoyie. A eoiaa, eeoaeoeu,
eaaeaony, aioiau e caeeth/aieth ianooaaiie naeaeee ia iinoaaeo eaeia?ia
“Aieiaa”.
AEanoeia i?ioeainoiyiea ia ie?iaii ?uiea canoaaeyao aai o/anoieeia
i?eaaaaoue e iai?aeeia?iui niiniaai eiieo?aioiie ai?ueau. Aio iaeei ec
i?eia?ia. Eiaaea “Aieia” noae eniuouaaoue iniaua o?oaeiinoe n iieo/aieai
caeacia, ii i?aaeeiaeee aaeaeiiiaieyi i?iaeaoue aio noa?ua naiieaou
naiaai aea i?iecaiaenoaa i?e oneiaee, /oi iie i?eia?aooo o iaai iiaua.
Eaey ia ii?aaeaeaiiua oeiainiaua iioa?e, eiiiaiey “oaeaaea aeaoo
caeoeaa”: i?iaeaaaea naie naiieaou e, iaeiia?aiaiii, “oaiaeeea”
iieoiaoaeae o eiieo?aioa. Eiaaea yoio niinia aeieacae naith
yooaeoeaiinoue, “Aieia” iioae aeaeueoa: ii niaeaneeny iieoiaoue aeaaea
noa?ua naiieaou “Y?aan Eiaeano?e” a iaiai ia i?iaeaaeo naieo. Ianeieueei
iiaeii iiiyoue ec niiauaiee i?annu, yoa i?aeoeea oaeaea aeaao iaieioea
?acoeueoaou.
Niauoey 11 naioya?y iaianee na?ueaciue oaea? ii iannaaee?neei
aaeaeiiiaieyi. Ieacaaoenue ia?aae eeoeii iaauaaeiai niaaea, iie
aiioee?iaaee cia/eoaeueioth /anoue caeacia ia iiaua naiieaou. Yoi, a
naith i/a?aaeue, aucaaei e?ecen o i?iecaiaeeoaeae a?aaeaeaineeo
naiieaoia. “Aieia” aue auioaeaeai nie?aoeoue naie i?iecaiaenoaaiiua
i?ia?aiiu. Ii i?aaeaa?eoaeueiui aeaiiui, oaea a ia?aie iieiaeia yoiai
aiaea auione iannaaee?neeo aaeaeaeia?ia “Aieiaa” nie?aoeony aaeaia, a
iioa?e ninoaayo ii/oe 20 ie?ae. aeieea?ia (iaeeaeaaoeeny aiaeiaie iauai
i?iaeaae – ieiei 50 ie?ae aeieea?ia). Iiae oa?icie oeiainiaiai e?aoa
“Aieia” iauyaee ia oaieueiaiee 30 oun. ?aai/eo e eiaeaia?ia caaiaeia,
auioneathueo a?aaeaeaineea naiieaou. Niaoeeaeenou auneacuaatho iiaiea,
/oi ianniaia oaieueiaiea ?aaioieeia “Aieiaa” -aaeeinoaaiiue iniuneaiiue
oiae n oi/ee c?aiey yeiiiieee e i?iaeieaeaiey eiieo?aioiie ai?ueau
(nioeeaeueiue aniaeo caeanue ia ?anniao?eaaaony). Ii iicaieeo eiiiaiee
nio?aieoue oeiainiaia “caei?iauea” e a ioaeiue iiiaio auno?i
ainnoaiiaeoue i?iecaiaenoai.
“Y?aan Eiaeano?e”, anoanoaaiii, oiaea auioaeaeai nie?auaoue
i?iecaiaenoai e ?aai/oth neeo. Ii caeiiu a ?yaea no?ai Aa?iiu
ia?aie/eaatho ianooaau oaieueiaiee, iiyoiio oaieueiyoue i?eoiaeeony
iaiueoeie oaiiaie, /ai o “Aieiaa”. Yoi aaaeao e ecauoeo ?aai/eo iano e,
eae neaaenoaea, iiaeao io?eoeaoaeueii neacaoueny ia oeiainiaii
iieiaeaiee eiini?oeeoia e ia aai niiniaiinoe aueoe ec e?ecena.
Yeiiiienou aaeeiu ai iiaiee, /oi ni a?aiaiai a?aaeaeaineay aaeaoeey, a
aianoa n iae e aaeai?iiuoeaiiinoue ainnoaiiayo naie iiceoeee. Ii
i?iecieaeao yoi ia n?aco: aeaeeii, ia ?aiueoa 2005 aiaea. Eae au oai ie
auei, eiieo?aioiay ai?ueaa iaaeaeo aeaoiy aeaaiuie niia?ieeaie ca
eeaea?noai ia ineaaaao, e iu aua noaiai naeaeaoaeyie i?iaeieaeaiey yoie
aeanoeie noaaoee. Aeaaiia aea ninoieo a oii, /oi eiieo?aioeey – yoi ia
oieueei iiaiiy ca i?eaueyie, ii e caeia iinoiyiiiai niaa?oainoaiaaiey
naiieaoia, iiauoaiey eo ea/anoaa, iaaeaaeiinoe e aaciianiinoe.
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