IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE
?INOEOOO CAAAEUeII? AIA?AAOEEE
EIAAEEI IEOAEEI IAO?IAE*
OAeE 622.692.4
IAOIAeE OA CANIAE I?AeAEUAIIss AOAEOEAIINO?
OOIEOe?IIOAAIIss NENOAI O?OAII?IA?AeIIAI
O?AINII?OO AACO
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 05.14.01 – Aia?aaoe/i? nenoaie oa eiiieaene
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a oaoi?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? aaco Iaoe?iiaeueii? aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie,
i.Ee?a
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe AEeaeeiaa Iao?iia Ieaenaiae??aia, ?inoeooo aaco
IAI Oe?a?ie, i?ia?aeiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee;
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Oeaiae Ethaiie? Noaiaiiae/,
?aaii-O?aie?anueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao iaooe ? aaco
I?iaoco Oe?a?ie, i?ioani?;
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio IAI Oe?a?ie, aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe ??coeia A?eoi?
Oaaei?iae/, ?inoeooo aeaeo?iaeeiai?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, ea??aiee a?aeae?eaiiy
– caa.a?aeae?eii.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – ?inoeooo i?iaeai iiaeaethaaiiy a aia?aaoeoe? IAI
Oe?a?ie, i.Ee?a.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “12 ” eeiiy 1999 ?. i 14 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Ae 26.223.01 a ?inoeooo? caaaeueii? aia?aaoeee IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith:
254070, Ee?a-70, Iie?ianueea, 11, oae. 417-02-41.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a ?inoeooo? caaaeueii? aia?aaoeee
IAI Oe?a?ie.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “11 ” /a?aiy 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
Iaeueie/oe E.I.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Aacio?ainii?oia nenoaia (AON) Oe?a?ie ?
?icaeiaiith ? iaei??th c iaeneeaaei?oeo a na?o?, aiia ia? 34,3 oen. ei
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a ae?aiao?ii a?ae 100 aei 1420 ii, a?eueoa
120 eiii?ani?ieo oeao?a ?c caaaeueiith anoaiiaeaiith iiooaei?noth 5300
IAo, aeecueei 1350 ?iciiae?eue/eo noaioe?e, 4 ioieoe ia?aaea/? aaco ia
aenii?o.
Ii ao?aeieo aacii?iaiaeao ia ei?aeii? Oe?a?ie iiooaei?noue AON
ia?aaeuo? 230 ie?ae i3 ia ??e. O AON Oe?a?ie aenieoaoothoueny 20 oei?a
aaciia?aea/oth/eo aa?aaao?a, 76,7% c ieo iathoue aacioo?a?ii? aeaeaoie.
A?eueoa iieiaeie anoaiiaeaii? iiooaeiino? AON Oe?a?ie aeei?enoiao?oueny
aeey caaacia/aiiy aenii?oieo iinoaaie aaco.
Ia nueiaiaei? a Oe?a?i? ae?? 14 i?aecaiieo noiaeu aaco (INA) c aeoeaiei
ia’?iii a?eueoa 30 ie?ae i3. INA cia/ii i?aeaeuothoue iaiaa?ia?noue oa
iaae?ei?noue nenoaie aaciiinoa/aiiy, ca oeeie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie aiia
aea?aeii a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae ?ioeo nenoai, a ca caaaeueiith ?ii?noth
INA iin?aea? iaeia c ia?oeo i?noeue o na?o?.
Nenoaia aaciiinoa/aiiy (NAI) ? iaoe?iiaeueiei aaaaonoaii aea?aeaae ?
aeeiio? no?aoaa?/i? ooieoe?? caaacia/aiiy e?a?ie iaeiei ?c iniiaieo
aia?aiiin??a – i?e?iaeiei aacii.
Iaeiae iioi/iee noai NAI ? a?aeaeoeii caaaeueiiaeiiii?/ieo e?eciaeo
yaeu. A?eueo?noue iaa?no?aeueieo o?oaii?iaiae?a iio?aaothoue cai?ie
?cieyoe??, ?aiiioo oa cai?ie o?oa, iie?ioaiiy oa?aeoa?enoee cania?a
caoenoo a?ae ei?ic??. A?eueoa iieiaeie onoaoeoaaiiy eiii?ani?ieo
noaioe?e ae?iaeei na?e iioi?ano?n, ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue eiai –
ii?aeueii canoa??ea. Iane?aeie oaei? neooaoe?? – aeineoue iecueea
aoaeoeai?noue eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy, EEAe aaciia?aea/oth/eo aa?aaao?a
/anoi noaiiaeyoue 24-26%, iathoue i?noea ia?aaeo?aoe iaeeaiiai aaco,
cieaeaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? oa iaae?eiino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a.
Aeoaea aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith i?aeaeuaiiy caaaeueii? aoaeoeaiino? ?
caaacia/aiiy a?aeiia?aeiiai ??aiy iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai
oi?aae?iiy nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco (NOOA). Iniiaiei
iai?yiii oaeiai iinooio ? ?ic?iaea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aoaeoeaieo ?
oi?aa?naeueieo iaoaiaoe/ieo oa ?ioi?iaoe?eieo cania?a aeey aiae?co ?
iioei?caoe?? onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoai
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a.
Noai?aiiy cacia/aieo cania?a oa ?o aeei?enoaiiy a iaiao?aeieo ianyaao a
nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy aeanoue iiaeeea?noue
nooo?ai i?aeaeueoe caaaeueio aoaeoeai?noue ooieoe?iioaaiiy NOOA caaaeyee
i?aeaeuaiith ?o i?iaeoeoeaiino?, aia?aiaoaeoeaiino?, iaae?eiino?, yeino?
aaciiinoa/aiiy oa ?i.
A?eueo?noue c a?aeiieo iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe NOOA ?
iaaeeaeaieie iaoiaeaie iiooeo aiae?oe/ieo ??oaiue, aiie a?oioothoueny ia
??ciiiai?oieo ni?iuaiiyo aeo?aeieo ??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee
(o?oaii?iaiaee) oa ??aiyiue eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e (ianaiia?aae, ?o
e?iaa?ecaoe?y). E??i oiai, oe? iaoiaee ia ? oi?aa?naeueieie, /anoeia c
ieo aeei?enoiaoaaeanue a iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo, ?io? – i?e
i?iaeooaaii? aacii?iaiae?a ? iaeaea cian?i aiie ia aoee aeei?enoai? a
nenoaiao oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie (IA) /a?ac iaiaaeai?
iiaeeeaino?.
?ic?iaoe? iaoiae?a aiae?oe/ieo ??oaiue ??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee
i?enay/aia aaeeea e?euee?noue ioae?eaoe?e, iaea?eueo a?aeiieie c ieo ?
?iaioe sseiaeaaa A.?., Ieaenaiae?iaa A.A., Aae?oee?ia C.O., Oaiiaey
O.A., AEeaeeiai? I.I., Aa?iaia ?.ss. oa ?ioeo aeine?aeiee?a.
I?ioyaii inoaii?o 10-15 ?ie?a aeineoue ?ioaineaiee ?icaeoie io?eiaee
/enaeuei? iaoiaee aiae?co ye onoaeaieo, oae ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a
aacii?iaiae?a ? NOOA a oe?eiio. C on?o cai?iiiiiaaieo oa aeine?aeaeaieo
iaoiae?a oeueiai eeano aeiiaai oi?aa?naeueiino? oa no?eeino?
caaeiaieueiythoue eeoa iayai? e?ioeaai-??cieoeaa? iaoiaee. An? ?io?
iaoiaee /enaeueiiai aiae?co (yai?, a?a?eaei?) ia iiaeooue eiieo?oaaoe c
iayaieie iaoiaeaie, ia caaacia/othoue no?eeino? ia/eneaiue i?e c?inoaii?
e?ie?a ca /anii.
?ic?iaoe? oeueiai iai?yio aeine?aeaeaiue i?enayoeee nai? ?iaioe
Aaneeue?a I.O., Aiiaea??a A.A., Ai?aiae?i A.O., Eai?aieionueeee I.A.,
Eoeee I.I., A?yinueeeo A.?., Aiaeeaanueeee A.N., Iaeneiia TH.?., Kralik
I., Stiegler P.,Vostry Z., Zavorka I. oa ?io? a/ai?.
Aiaeii/an iayaiei e?ioeaai-??cieoeaaei iaoiaeai oaeiae aeanoeaee aeoaea
nooo?aee iaaeie?e: c? c?inoaiiyi aaee/eie e?ie?a ca /anii cia/ii c?inoa?
iioeaea ia/eneaiue. Oey aeanoea?noue iaiaaeo? ?o aeei?enoaiiy a nenoaiao
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy NOOA.
?aaoey?ia, nenoaiaoe/ia canoinoaaiiy iaoiae?a /enaeueiiai aiae?co aeey
ae??oaiiy anueiai eeano caaea/ iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy
NOOA iiaeeeaa eeoa a oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee aoaeooue noai?ai? iaoiaee, ye?
iaeii/anii ciiaeooue caaacia/oaaoe ye aaniethoio no?ee?noue, oae ?
aenieo oi/i?noue ia/eneaiue. Ia iniia? oaeeo iaoiae?a iiaeii? aooe
?ic?iaeai? aeai?eoie oa caniae ?ioi?iaoeee aeey aiae?co ? iiaeaethaaiiy
onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe NOOA.
Oeyoii aaaaoie?aoiiai aeei?enoaiiy oeeo cania?a iiaeooue aooe ae??oai?
a?eueo neeaaei? ? aeooaeuei? caaea/? iia?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy NOOA:
iioei?caoe?y ?aaeei?a ?iaioe; iioei?caoe?y iioiei?iciiae?eo; oi?aae?iiy
?aaeeiaie ?iaioe NOOA a iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo oa ?i.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaiaoeea oa
i?ae?icae?ee oe??? ?iaioe o a?aeiia?aei? ia??iaee aoiaeeee aei
oaiaoe/ieo ieai?a iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o ? ieai?a ai?iaaaeaeaiiy AO
“Oe?aaci?ii”(, Aea?aeeiiaia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie, Aea?aeiaooiaaci?iio
Oe?a?ie. Oaiaoeea ?iaioe iia’ycaia c ieaiaie Aea?aeaaii?
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?ia?aie 04.09 “Aeiiii?/i? oa oaoiieia?/i? ia?niaeoeae
?icaeoeo aia?aaoeee”, a oaeiae c aia?aaoe/ieie i?iaeoaie i?aeia?iaeieo
i?ia?ai TACIS ? THERMI.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? noai?aiiy ?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeineiiaeeo iaoaiaoe/ieo oa i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo
cania?a ia aac? iaoiaeo ? aeai?eoi?a e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a aeey aiae?co ?
iioei?caoe?? ianoaoe?iia?ieo oa onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe NOOA,
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? nenoai iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a (IA) oeyoii
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oeeo iaoiae?a ? cania?a a iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiio
oi?aae?ii? IA, a oaeiae aeei?enoaiiy ?ioeo iaea?eueo cia/ieo aeinyaiaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano a NOOA: i?iaaaeaiiy ?aeiino?oeoe??
eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e (EN) oa cai?ia aacioo?a?iieo aa?aaao?a, iie?ioaiiy
oaoi?/iiai noaio oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? o?oaii?iaiae?a,
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieo caoiae?a oa ?i.
O i?ioean? ?? ?aae?caoe?? aoee noi?ioeueiaai? ? ?ica’ycai? oae? caaea/?:
1) noai?aiiy eiiieaeno iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ia’?eo?a ? nenoai
o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco, i?enoiniaaieo ? i?ecia/aieo aeey
nenoaiaoe/iiai aiae?co ?o ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a;
2) ?ic?iaea iaoiaeieia?? oi?ioaaiiy nenoaiieo iiaeaeae iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a ? NOOA ia iniia? eiiieaeniiai aeei?enoaiiy cai?iiiiiaaieo
iiaeaeae o?oaii?iaiae?a, eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e oa aoce?a, ui
caaacia/othoue aenieo aeaoae?caoe?th oa oi/i?noue;
3) noai?aiiy /enaeueieo iaoiae?a ? aeai?eoi?a ?ica’ycaiiy ??aiyiue
aaciai? aeeiai?ee noiniaii ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe
o?oaii?iaiae?a, ui a?oioothoueny ia caaaeueiiio iaoiae? e?ioeaaeo
aeaiaio?a ? caaacia/othoue iaeii/anii aaniethoio no?ee?noue ? aenieo
oi/i?noue ia/eneaiue;
4) ?ic?iaea ia/enethaaeueieo noai ca?aeii c iiaeeo?eiaaieie iaoiaeaie
Iuethoiia aeey /enaeueiiai ??oaiiy nenoai iae?i?eieo aeaaa?a?/ieo
??aiyiue, io?eioaaieo i?ney canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a aei
??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee, a oaeiae iae?i?eieo ??aiyiue eiii?ani?ieo
noaioe?e oa aoce?a;
5) canoinoaaiiy caaaeueieo iaoiae?a oaeoi?ecaoe?? c iiia?aaeiueith
?i?oaoe??th aeeeth/aiiy noiniaii nenoai e?iaa?eciaaieo aeaaa?a?/ieo
??aiyiue, io?eiaieo ca iaoiaeii Iuethoiia;
6) ?ic?iaea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a,
iiaoaeiaaieo ia iniia? noai?aieo iaoiae?a ? aeai?eoi?a, aeey aiae?co,
iiaeaethaaiiy, iioei?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo
?aaeei?a ?iaioe neeaaeiicaieiooeo, aaeeeeo aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia
aaeeeeo i?ii?aeeao /ano ? c iaiao?aeiith oi/i?noth;
7) ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a
?ioi?iaoeee a nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy NOOA oa a
iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo;
8) ?ic?iaea caaaeueieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue aeine?aeaeaiiy
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? a aeiiii?oe? oa nioe?aeuei?e noa?? e?a?ie, aecia/aiiy
ianya?a ?aaeueiiai iioaioe?aeo aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a NOOA,
aia?aiaeiiii?/iee aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaea?eueo
aoaeoeaieo aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a ? oaoiieia?e a NOOA ?, a oiio
/ene? a nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
Aia?oa cai?iiiiiaaii aei aeei?enoaiiy ? aeaoaeueii aeine?aeaeaii iaoiae
e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a noiniaii ??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee oa aiae?co
ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai.
Canoinoaaiiy oeueiai iaoiaeo ia a?aei?io a?ae e?aueo a?aeiieo caaacia/o?
iaeii/anii ye aaniethoio no?ee?noue, oae ? aenieo oi/i?noue ia/eneaiue.
Oaeineiiaeaii iaoaiaoe/io iiaeaeue eiii?ani?ii? noaioe??, yea
a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo oei, ui a i?e ei?aeoii ? cia/ii
aeaoaeuei?oa a?aoiaai? an? ?? iniiai? ia’?eoe: aaciia?aea/oth/? aa?aaaoe
(AIA), aia?aoe iia?o?yiiai ioieiaeaeaiiy (AII), iaa’ycee AIA ? AII,
ao?aei? ? aeo?aei? oeaeoe EN.
Oaeineiiaeaii eiiieaen iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae o?oaii?iaiae?a, ?o aoce?a ?
eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e aei aeaeyaeo, ui aeicaiey? caeo/aoe ?o aei neeaaeo
nenoaiieo iiaeaeae ye ie?aieo iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a, oae ?
aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai a oe?eiio.
Io?eiaee iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ia/enethaaeuei? noaie aeey /enaeueiiai
??oaiiy nenoai iae?i?eieo aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue, ui iaea?aeothoueny a
?acoeueoao? canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a aei ??aiyiue
aaciai? aeeiai?ee, a eiiieaen? c iae?i?eieie ??aiyiiyie EN oa aoce?a.
Cai?iiiiiaai? ia/enethaaeuei? noaie a?aeiinyoueny aei iiaeeo?eiaaieo
iaoiae?a Iuethoiia, a?aei?ii?noue oeeo noai a?ae a?aeiieo iieyaa? a ?o
canoinoaaii? aei niaoeeo?/ieo nenoai aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue oa a
niaoe?aeueieo ni?iuaiiyo ia/eneaiue aeaiaio?a iao?eoeue sseia?, ye?
nooo?ai (aei e?eueeio ?ac?a) ciaioothoue ianyae ia/eneaiue i?e
caa?aaeaii? aeniei? oaeaeeino? ca?aeiino? oa oi/iino?.
Io?eiaee iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie iaoiaee oaeoi?ecaoe?? c iiia?aaeiueith
?i?oaoe??th aeeeth/aiiy noiniaii nenoai ??aiyiue, ui oi?iothoueny a
?acoeueoao? canoinoaaiiy iiaeeo?eiaaieo iaoiae?a Iuethoiia aei nenoaiieo
aeaaa?a?ciaaieo iiaeaeae NOOA. A?aei?ii?noue cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiae?a
a?ae a?aeiieo iieyaa? o aeei?enoaii? niaoeeo?/ieo iniaeeainoae oa
no?oeoo?e nenoaiieo iao?eoeue NOOA.
Io?eiaee iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie caaaeuei? iaoiaeieia?/i? iieiaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a oa
oaoiieia?e, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a a aeiiii?oe? ?
nioe?aeuei?e noa?? e?a?ie. Cai?iiiiiaai? iieiaeaiiy a?ae??ciythoueny
a?ae a?aeiieo oei, ui aiie ?ic?iaeai? aeey canoinoaaiiy a oiiaao
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee c o?aooaaiiyi nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? niaoeeo?ee
ia?ao?aeiiai ia??iaeo, a yeiio ciaoiaeeoueny iaoa e?a?ia.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
?ic?iaea ia/enethaaeueieo noai ca iiaeeo?eiaaieie iaoiaeaie Iuethoiia
aeey ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? noaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a, EN ? NOOA
a oe?eiio aeeiiaia c oaeei nooiaiai aeaoae?caoe?? uiaei aecia/aiiy
caeaaeiinoae aeey iaa’ycie ? aeaiaio?a iao?eoeue sseia?, yeee aeaa
iiaeeea?noue caaacia/eoe aaciina?aaeith ?ic?iaeo i?ia?aiieo aeie?a ?
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a (I?E) aeey aiae?co ?aaeei?a ?iaioe
NOOA a ii?iaeueieo ? iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo.
2. Ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo ? aeine?aeaeaieo iiaeaeae, iaoiae?a ?
aeai?eoi?a a AO “Oe?aaci?ii” ?ic?iaeaii ? ai?iaaaeaeaii
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?ei? eiiieaene, ye? ia a?aei?io a?ae aiaeia?/ieo
?ic?iaie aeathoue iiaeeea?noue ?ic?aoiaoaaoe onoaeai? ? ianoaoe?iia?i?
?aaeeie neeaaeiicaieiooeo, aaeeeeo AON ia aaeeeeo a?ae??ceao /ano, c
aenieith oi/i?noth ? ca /an, i?eeiyoiee aeey i?aeoeee iia?aoeaiiai
oi?aae?iiy AON.
3. ?ic?iaeai? I?E i?enoiniaai? aeey nenoaiaoe/iiai ? aaaaoie?aoiiai
aeei?enoaiiy a no?oeoo?? cania?a aaoiiaoeciaaii? ?ioi?iaoe?eii? nenoaie
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy (A?N IAeO) aeey ?ica’ycaiiy
noeoiiino? caaea/, iia’ycaieo c ieaioaaiiyi, eiio?ieai, oi?aae?iiyi oa
iioei?caoe??th onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a neeaaeieo NOOA.
I?aeoe/iee aeina?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ?
iaoiae?a a neeaae? I?E, ?o aeei?enoaiiy aeey aiae?co ?aaeei?a neeaaeieo
NOOA i?aeoaa?aeeee oai?aoe/i? aeniiaee uiaei aeniei? no?eeino? oa
oi/iino? iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a.
4. ?ic?iaeai? iaoaiaoe/i? caniae oa i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?ei? eiiieaene
iathoue oi?aa?naeueiee oa?aeoa? ? iiaeooue aeei?enoiaoaaoenue ia o?eueee
aeey aiae?co onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a AON, ia ?o iniia?
iiaeia aeine?aeaeoaaoe (a ?iaio? oea i?iaeaiiino?iaaii ia i?eeeaae?
neeaaeii? o?eieoeiai? nenoaie) neeaaei? caaea/? iia?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy
IA a iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo c aeoaea aaeeeith e?euee?noth cao?aiue, a
oaeiae caaea/? iioei?caoe?? ?o ii?iaeueieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe, ui cia/ii
i?aeaeuo? aoaeoeai?noue nenoai iaa?no?aeueiiai o?ainii?oo aaco.
5. Ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue aeine?aeaeaiiy
aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ca aaciina?aaeiueith o/anoth aaoi?a ?ic?iaeaia
Eiiieaenia aea?aeaaia i?ia?aia aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie, yea aoea
noaaeaia Eaa?iaoii I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie (Iinoaiiaa Eaa?iaoo I?i?no??a
Oe?a?ie ?148 a?ae 5.02.97 ?.) ? ? ia nueiaiaei? iniiaiei aeieoiaioii a
ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? aeaaee ii i?aeaeuaiith
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? a?o/eciyii? aeiiii?ee.
6. C aeei?enoaiiyi cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue
aeine?aeaeaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaii aeine?aeaeaiiy ianya?a
i?aeoe/iiai (?aaeueiiai) iioaioe?aeo aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a nenoaiao
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a Oe?a?ie oa aia?aiaeiiii?/iee aiae?c
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaea?eueo aoaeoeaieo aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a ?
oaoiieia?e a NOOA, a oiio /ene? cai?iiiiiaaieo a ?iaio? iaoaiaoe/ieo
iaoiae?a oa cania?a ?ioi?iaoeee a nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai
oi?aae?iiy.
7. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe ia nueiaiaei? io?eiaee ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a
Ia’?aeiaiiio aeeniao/a?nueeiio oi?aae?ii? AO “Oe?aaci?ii”, oi?aae?iiyo
iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie “Euea?ao?ainaac”, “*a?eaneo?ainaac”,
“Ee?ao?ainaac”, AAO “?AI “AI?I?O?AINAAC” oa EN AeI “Oaaaeeieaaaci?ii” c
ui??/iei caaaeueiei aeiiii?/iei aoaeoii iiiaae 10 iei a?i.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. O ?ic?iaoe? i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo
eiiieaen?a aeey ?ic?aooie?a ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe
nenoai iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a aaoi?o iaeaaeaoue iaoaiaoe/i?
iiaeae?, iaoiaee oa aeai?eoie ?ic?aooie?a, caaaeueia no?oeoo?a I?E,
aaoi?nueea noi?iaiaeaeaiiy i?e ?ic?iaoe? ? aei?iaoaaiiyo eiai aeie?a oa
eiiieaeno a oe?eiio, a oaeiae i?e ai?iaaaeaeaii? I?E o ae?iaie/o
aenieoaoaoe?th.
O ?ic?iaoe? Eiiieaenii? aea?aeaaii? i?ia?aie aia?aicaa?aaeiiy Oe?a?ie
aaoi?o iaeaaeaoue caaaeueia no?oeoo?a EAeIAO, aiae?c iniiaieo iai?yi?a
aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy aia?a??, ?ic?iaea iniiaieo iai?yi?a i?ia?aie
ia?oi/a?aiaeo oa aeiaaioa?i?iiaeo aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a a aaeocyo
aeiiii?ee ? a nioe?aeuei?e noa??.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? ?? ie?ai? ?acoeueoaoe aoee iia?aeiieai? ia
O?ao?e i?aeia?iaei?e aenoaaoe?-eiioa?aioe?? “Aia?aicaa??aath/a oaoi?ea ?
oaoiieia??” (Ee?a, 1996 ?.), I?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Aoaeoeai?noue nenoai aeaeo?iaia?aaoeee” (Ee?a, 1996 ?.),
I?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “?ano?n ’97” (Ee?a, 1997 ?.),
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iaooa ? aac Oe?a?ie” (Ee?a-Euea?a, 1995
?.), ia ni?eueiiio can?aeaii? I?aceae?? IAI Oe?a?ie ? Eieaa??
Aea?aeeiiaia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie (1996 ?.), can?aeaiiyo Eieaa??
Aea?aeeiiaia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie (1995-1997 ??.), Eieaa??
Aea?aeiaooiaaci?iio Oe?a?ie (1997-1998 ??.).
Ioae?eaoe??. Ii oai? aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii 39 iaoeiaeo i?aoeue: 5
iiiia?ao?e, c ieo 1 iaienaia naiino?eii, 19 noaoae o oaoiaeo iaoeiaeo
aeaeaiiyo, 13 c yeeo iaienai? naiino?eii, 6 noaoae a ca??eao iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue, 1 noaooy a iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiio atheaoai?, 5 aeiiia?aeae a
iaoa??aeao eiioa?aioe?e, 2 iaoaioe Oe?a?ie, 1 aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai
N?N? ia aeiao?ae.
No?oeoo?a ? ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, oanoe
?icae?e?a, caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, aeiaeaoeo, i?noeoue 412 noi??iie
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, a oiio /ene? 30 ?ethno?aoe?e ia 14 noi??ieao, 15
oaaeeoeue ia 97 noi??ieao, nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae ?c 204
iaeiaioaaiue ia 20 noi??ieao oa aeiaeaoie ia 30 noi??ieao.
INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue ? aaaeeea?noue ?iaioe,
noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiue, iaoeiao iiaecio oa
i?aeoe/io oe?ii?noue iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? i?iaiae?ciaaii nenoaie aaciiinoa/aiiy ye ia’?eo
oi?aae?iiy oa ?icaeoeo, oi?ioaaiiy oa no?oeoo?o NAI Oe?a?ie,
aeine?aeaeaii ?nioth/? iaoiaee oa caniae aiae?co ?aaeei?a
ooieoe?iioaaiiy NOOA, ia iniia? i?iaaaeaiiai aiae?co noi?ioeueiaaii
caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Nenoaia aaciiinoa/aiiy ? iaei??th ?c no?aoaa?/ieo nenoai e?a?ie,
ine?eueee aiia caaacia/o? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aeecueei 45% a?ae ianya?a on?o
ia?aeiieo aia?ai?ano?n?a, ui niiaeeaathoueny a e?a?i?. No?aoaa?/ia
cia/aiiy NAI i?aeaeuo?oueny a ca’yceo c oei, ui /a?ac ?? iaa?no?aeuei?
aacii?iaiaee o?ainii?oo?oueny ia aenii?o a Cao?aeio ?a?iio aeecueei 135
ie?ae i3 aaco, ca ui Oe?a?ia io?eio? 33 ie?ae i3 aaco ye iieaoo ca
o?aiceo. Oe? ianyae a 1,8 ?ace ia?aaeuothoue aeaniee aeaeiaooie aaco
(18,2 ie?ae i3) ? noaiiaeyoue a?eueoa 40% a?ae ianya?a eiai niiaeeaaiiy
a e?a?i? (81,3 ie?ae i3).
Caaacia/oth/e o?ainii?ooaaiiy aaco a ianyaao aeecueei 215 ie?ae i3
ui??/ii, aacio?ainii?oia nenoaia Oe?a?ie ? iaei??th c iaea?eueoeo,
iaeneeaaei?oeo oa iaeiiooaei?oeo o na?o?. A?aecia/ath/enue i?aeaeuaiith
iaae?ei?noth ii??aiyii c AON ?ioeo e?a?i NIAe, oe?a?inueea
aacio?ainii?oia nenoaia ia? ii?aeueii canoa??ea oa ciioaia onoaoeoaaiiy,
iiaea?i?caoe?y yeiai ? iaeiei ?c iai?yi?a i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
ooieoe?iioaaiiy AON, a oiio /ene? aia?aiaoaeoeaiino?. Aaaeeeaei iai?yiii
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai
o?ainii?oo aaco ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiio
oi?aae?ii? iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo
cania?a aeey aiae?co, iioei?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy ?aaeeiaie ?o
ooieoe?iioaaiiy a ii?iaeueieo oa iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo.
Caaaeueiei aeniiaeii i?iaaaeaiiai aiae?co ? oa, ui a nenoaiao
o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco ?nio? neeaaeia oa aaaeeeaa i?iaeaia
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ?o ooieoe?iioaaiiy, yea iiaea aooe ae??oaia
iaeii/aniei ?ica’ycaiiyi noeoiiino? iaaaaeaieo ieae/a aaeeeeo, neeaaeieo
oa aaaeeeaeo eean?a iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo caaea/.
Noai?aiiy aoaeoeaieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a aiae?co ? oi?aae?iiy
ianoaoe?iia?ieie ?aaeeiaie aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai aeey
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy ieie.
Oeth caaea/o, ye iieacaee aeine?aeaeaiiy aaoi?a, aeioe?eueii ae??ooaaoe
oeyoii canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a noiniaii aei
iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a ? noai?aiiy
a?aeiia?aeieo aeai?eoi?a oa i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo cania?a, ine?eueee
oeae iaoiae ia a?aei?io a?ae ?ioeo ia? aenieo oi/i?noue oa aaniethoio
no?ee?noue.
Iaoiae e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a ? a?aeiinii iiaei iaoiaeii ia/enethaaeueii?
iaoaiaoeee, a?i oni?oii canoiniao?oueny aeey ae??oaiiy aeineoue oe?ieiai
eiea caaea/ a ??cieo aaeocyo iaoee ? oaoi?ee, aea aeey aiae?co ?aaeei?a
nenoai iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a oeae iaoiae ia aeei?enoiaoaaany ?
aia?oa aoa canoiniaaiee a ?iaioao aaoi?a.
Noai?aiiy aoaeoeaieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a aiae?co ? iioei?caoe??
onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai oaeiae aeey
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy ieie.
Aeoiaey/e c aeiia ?aeiino? iaoaiaoe/ieo oa ?ioi?iaoe?eieo cania?a aeey
an??? nenoaie iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy, oeth caaea/o
oaeiae o?aaa ae??ooaaoe oeyoii canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a
? noai?aiiy ia eiai iniia? aeai?eoi?a oa i?ia?aiieo eiiieaen?a aeey
aiae?co ? iioei?caoe?? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a AON.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aeinyaiaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano ?
i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieo caoiae?a a nenoaiao o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo
aaco c iaoith caaacia/aiiy ?o iaiao?aeiiai ooieoe?iiaeueiiai ??aiy oa
i?aeaeuaiiy caaaeueii? aoaeoeaiino? ?, ianaiia?aae, aia?aiaoaeoeaiino?.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aeeiiaii aiae?c, ?ic?iaeo oa aeine?aeaeaiiy
iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ia’?eo?a ? nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo
aaco. ?ic?iaea aeeiioaaeanue oaeei /eiii, uia oe? iiaeae? iiaeia aoei
aeei?enoiaoaaoe a nenoaiieo iiaeaeyo NOOA aeey aiae?co ? iioei?caoe?? ?o
?aaeei?a. Aeey iieno ianoaoe?iia?ieo i?ioean?a a o?oaii?iaiaeao e?i?eieo
ae?eueieoeue (EAe) aeei?enoaia nenoaia aeeoa?aioe?eieo ??aiyiue a
/anoeiaeo iio?aeieo, yea ? oi/iith iiaeaeeth oeeo i?ioean?a:
, (1)
, (2)
, (3)
– iiaia aia?a?y iaeeieoe? iane.
I?e ?ic?aooieao noaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a a AON canoiniao?oueny iiaeaeue
onoaeaiiai ?ooo aaco a o?oaii?iaiae?, ui io?eio?oueny c ??aiyiue (1) –
(3), oeyoii i?e??aithaaiiy aei ioey iio?aeieo ca /anii ? aeeeth/aiiyi
/eai?a, ui ?ai?acaioothoue oaeaee?niee iaoene:
(4)
(5)
(6)
Aeey aocea c’?aeiaiiy o?oaii?iaiae?a ni?aaaaeeea? caeaaeiino?:
iaoa??aeueiiai aaeaino
(7)
aia?aaoe/iiai aaeaino
(8)
??aiino? oene?a ? oaiia?aoo? iioie?a, ui aeoiaeyoue c aocea
(9)
Iniiaiei aeoeaiei ia’?eoii IA ? eiii?ani?ia noaioe?y, ia ye?e
?ici?uothoueny AIA oa AII. O ?iaio? canoiniaaii oi/io, aeaoaeueio
iiaeaeue AIA, yea ia? no?oeoo?o, ui aeicaiey? aeei?enoiaoaaoe ?? a
nenoaiieo iiaeaeyo EN. Iiaeaeue AIA aeei?enoiao? caeaaeiino?, ui
ca’ycothoue i?ae niaith ao?aei? oa aeo?aei? oenee, oaiia?aoo?e, iania?
aeaeaoee, i?e oeueiio aa??ththoueny ye ia?aiao?e a?aeiini? iaa?oe oa
a?aoiaothoueny i?eaaaeaia ia’?iia i?iaeoeoeai?noue, nooi?iue
noeneoaaiiy, iiooaei?noue ? iie?o?ii?/iee EEAe iaai?oa/a.
Iaa’ycee AIA, a oaeiae ao?aei? oa aeo?aei? oeaeoe EN iiaeaeththoueny
caeaaei?noth
(10)
).
Iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue AII iia’yco? i?ae niaith ?aaeeii? ia?aiao?e ia eiai
aoiae? oa aeoiae? (oene, aeaeaoie, oaiia?aoo?a), a oaeiae aoiinoa?io
oaiia?aoo?o:
(11)
(12)
(13)
– eiinoaioa, ui aecia/a?oueny oeiii AII (ianii?oia oa?aeoa?enoeea).
I?e iiaeaethaaii? i?ioean?a a IA? a oiio /ene? a eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?yo,
iaiao?aeii aeei?enoiaoaaoe oaoiieia?? nenoaiiiai aiae?co, ui iaoiiaeaii
i?e?iaeith oeeo ia’?eo?a. Nenoaiiee aiae?c iieyaa? a noi?niiio
aeine?aeaeaii? iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ie?aieo i?aenenoai ia’?eoa. Noi?nia
aeine?aeaeaiiy cae?enith?oueny oeyoii ia’?aeiaiiy a caaaeueio nenoaiio
iiaeaeue c aeei?enoaiiyi ??aiyiue ca’yceo. Noiniaii aiae?co ?aaeei?a
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a i?e?iaeiei ? aeei?enoaiiy iiaeaeae EN ?
o?oaii?iaiae?a a yeino? i?aenenoai, oiae? ye ??aiyiiy aoce?a aei?a/ii
canoiniaoaaoe ye ??aiyiiy ca’yceo.
) a?oi AIA. O eiaei?e a?oi? AIA c’?aeiai? iine?aeiaii a o?e nooiai?.
Aeoiaee a?oi eiaeiiai oeaoo ia’?aeiai? a iaeei aocie (C, D, E) . Aei
oeueiai aocea i?e?aeiothoueny aia?aoe iia?o?yiiai ioieiaeaeaiiy aeaiiai
oeaoo, ye? aeeth/athoueny a naith /a?ao ia ia?aeaeueio ?iaioo, ?o
caaaeueia e?euee?noue ii oeaoao noaiiaeoue R, F ? O a?aeiia?aeii.
Eiaeiee AIA ia ?en. 1 iicia/aiee o?ecia/iei ?iaeaenii, ia?oa oeeo?a
yeiai aeaco? ia iiia? oeaoo, ae?oaa – iiia? a?oie, o?aoy – iiia?
nooiaiy. Ioia?aoe?y AII ? aeaicia/iith, ooo ia?oa oeeo?a ni?aiaaea? c
iiia?ii oeaoo, a ae?oaa ? iiia?ii AII a aeaiiio oeaoo.
Ia ?en. 1 aeiee 1, 2 iicia/athoue ao?aei? oa aeo?aei? oeaeoe EN
a?aeiia?aeii, aeiee 3 – iaa’ycee aoiae?a AIA ia?oiai nooiaiy, aeiee 4 –
iaa’ycee aoiae?a AIA ae?oaiai nooiaiy, aeiee 5 – iaa’ycee aoiae?a AIA
o?aoueiai nooiaiy, aeiee 6 – iaa’ycee aeoiae?a AIA o?aoueiai nooiaiy.
Aeiee 4 ? 5 oaeoe/ii ia’?aeiothoue iaa’ycee aoiae?a ? aeoiae?a
a?aeiia?aeieo AIA.
O ?iaio? cai?iiiiiaaia ? aeine?aeaeaia iiaeaeue EN ii no?oeoo?? ?en. 1.
A ?nioth/?e e?oa?aoo?? a?aenooi? iiaeae? EN, ?ic?iaeai? c oaeei nooiaiai
oi/iino? oa oi?aa?naeueiino?.
Oi?aa?naeuei?noue ?ic?iaeaii? iiaeae? EN iieyaa? a oiio, ui ?? iiaeia
aeei?enoiaoaaoe ye aaoiiiiii, oae ? nenoaiii, a caaaeueieo iiaeaeyo
aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai, eoaee iiaeaeue EN aoiaeeoue ye neeaaeiaa
/anoeia.
I?e ?? canoinoaaii? a aaoiiiiiiio ?aaeei? aeinoaoiuei caaeaoe
a?aeiia?aei? ao?aei? oa aeo?aei? ia?aiao?e.
I?e nenoaiiiio aeei?enoaii? iiaeae? iaiao?aei? ao?aei? oa aeo?aei?
ia?aiao?e io?eiothoueny aaoiiaoe/ii c iiaeaeae non?aei?o ia’?eo?a (oiaoi
c iiaeaeae e?i?eieo ae?eueieoeue).
Aeniea oi/i?noue iiaeae? caaacia/aia caaaeyee a?aooaaiith ?
aaeaeaaoiiio iaoaiaoe/iiio iieno an?o aeie?a ? i?eno?i?a eiii?ani?ii?
noaioe??. O a?eueoino? ?ic?iaie, a?aeiieo c? na?oiai? e?oa?aoo?e oa a
i?aeoeoe? aeei?enoaiiy iiaeaeae i?e oi?aae?ii? iaa?no?aeueieie
aacii?iaiaeaie iaeaea ia canoiniao?oueny aeaoaeueia, iiaa?aaaoia
i?aaenoaaeaiiy AIA. sse i?aaeei, aiie aa?aaothoueny, oe?oiiythoueny ii
a?oiao ? iaa?oue ii oeaoao. Oea i?ecaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy oi/iino? oa
aaeaeaaoiino? io?eioaaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
Cai?iiiiiaai? aei aeei?enoaiiy oa ?ic?iaeai? iiaeae? o?oaii?iaiae?a, ?o
aoce?a ? eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e iathoue aeaeyae, yeee aeicaiey? caeo/aoe
?o aei neeaaeo nenoaiieo iiaeaeae ia o?eueee ie?aieo iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a, a e iaa?oue aei neeaaeo iiaeaeae aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai
a oe?eiio.
?en. 1. No?oeoo?ia noaia eiii?ani?ii? noaioe??
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeieia?th oi?ioaaiiy nenoaiieo iiaeaeae iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a ? aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia iniia? nenoaiaoe/iiai
aeeiiaiiy cai?iiiiiaaieo iiaeaeae o?oaii?iaiae?a, eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e
oa aoce?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aenieith aeaoae?caoe??th ? oi/i?noth.
I?e oeueiio iiaeae? EN ? EAe aeei?enoiaothoueny ye i?aenenoaie a
caaaeueiinenoaii?e iiaeae? IA /e AON, a iiaeae? aoce?a (7) – (9) – ye
??aiyiiy ca’yceo i?ae i?aenenoaiaie ia ??cieo nenoaiieo ??aiyo.
Iaoiaeieia?y oi?ioaaiiy nenoaiieo iiaeaeae IA ? AON aeiaaaeaia aei
oaeiai ??aiy, yeee aeaa iiaeeea?noue aeeiioaaoe ?ic?iaeo
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a, i?ecia/aieo aeey aeei?enoaiiy ye a
iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo, oae ? a nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai
oi?aae?iiy o?oaii?ia?aeiei o?ainii?oii aaco.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? aeine?aeaeaii oa ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee ? aeai?eoie
ia?aoai?aiiy ??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee (1) – (3) ? (4), (5) a nenoaie
aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue.
O ?iaio? aeeiiaii aiae?c ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a aeaaa?a?caoe?? ??aiyiue
aaciai? aeeiai?ee, ia iniia? yeiai c?iaeaii aeniiaie, ui i?aeoe/ii
o?eueee iaeei c a?aeiieo iaoiae?a iiaea caaeiaieueieoe no/ani? aeiiae
uiaei no?eeino? ia/eneaiue. Oaeei iaoiaeii ? iayaiee n?oeiaee iaoiae
e?ioeaaeo ??cieoeue. A?i caaacia/o? iiaeeea?noue ?ioaa?oaaiiy ??aiyiue
(1) – (3), (4) – (5) c aaeeeeie e?ieaie ca /anii. Iaeiae oeueiio iaoiaeo
aeanoeaee aeoaea aaeeeee iaaeie?e, iia’ycaiee c oei, ui i?e c?inoaii?
e?ieo ?ioaa?oaaiiy ca /anii iaaeiionoeii c?inoa? iioeaea ia/eneaiue.
? iie?iiiii ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo:
(14)
??aiyiiy aaciai? aeeiai?ee (1) – (3) aeei?enoai? a aaeoi?ii-iao?e/i?e
oi?i?
(15)
aea
(16)
a?aeiia?aeathoue ??aiyiiyi (1) – (3).
Ai?ieneiaoe?y i?inoi?iai-/aniai? iaeano? o?oaii?iaiaeo i?e aeei?enoaii?
/ioe?eeooieo neiieaen-aeaiaio?a cia?aaeaia ia ?en. 2.
. Caaaeueio aeaaa?a?/io nenoaio io?eiaii oeyoii aiae?co ??aiyiue aeey
oi/ie k-ai oa?o.
Aeaiaio 1, oi/ea 4:
(17)
Aeaiaio 2, oi/ea 3:
(18)
Aeaiaio 3, oi/ea 6:
(19)
Aeaiaio 4, oi/ea 8:
(20)
Aeaiaio 5, oi/ea 10:
(21)
Aeaiaio 5, oi/ea 12:
(22)
. O ?iaio? aeeiiai? oaeiae aeine?aeaeaiiy c canoinoaaiiyi iaoiaeo
e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a aei ??aiyiue onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a (4),
(5). Ie??i i?yiieooieo, o ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaii o?eeooi?
neiieaen-aeaiaioe.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaio oei?a neiieaen-aeaiaio?a (i?yiieooiee ? o?eeooiee)
noiniaii i?iaeaie aeaaa?a?caoe?? ianoaoe?iia?ieo caaea/ aaciai?
aeeiai?ee iieacaee, ui ai?ieneiaoe?y i?inoi?iai-/aniai? iaeano?
i?yiieooieie aeaiaioaie caaacia/o? aaniethoio no?ee?noue oa i?aeaeuaio
oi/i?noue, ine?eueee ai?ieneioth/a ooieoe?y i?aaenoaaey?oueny i?e
oeueiio iie?iiiii ae?oaiai ii?yaeeo. Aeei?enoaiiy o?eeooieo
neiieaen-aeaiaio?a i?eaiaeeoue aei a?eueo ne?iiieo ?acoeueoao?a.
Ai?ieneioth/a aeaaa?a?/ia nenoaia i?e oeueiio ia? yaii-iayaiee oa?aeoa?
? oiio aeicaiey? i?aoethaaoe c iaiaaeaieie e?ieaie ca /anii. E??i oiai,
??oaiiy i?e oeueiio ai?ieneio?oueny e?i?eiith oi?iith, oiaoi eiai
oi/i?noue ieae/a, i?ae o aeiaaeeo i?yiieooieo aeaiaio?a.
Ia iniia? c?noaaeaiiy oa?aeoa?enoee aeaaa?a?/ieo nenoai, io?eiaieo ia
aac? i?yiieooieo ? o?eeooieo neiieaen-aeaiaio?a, c?iaeaii aeniiaie i?i
aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy i?yiieooieo neiieaen-aeaiaio?a aeey aiae?co
ianoaoe?iia?ieo caaea/ aaciai? aeeiai?ee.
Aeine?aeaeaii iaoiae e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a a iaeiii??iiio aeiaaeeo
noiniaii noaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a. Iiaoaeiaaii aeaaa?a?/io
nenoaio ??aiyiue, yea iiaea aooe aeei?enoaia aeey ?ic?aooie?a
noaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a, a oaeiae ?acii c iiaeaeyie
eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e – aeey ?ic?aooie?a noaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a. Iieacaii, ui a ?ac? iaiao?aeiino?
oi/i?noue ia/eneaiue c aeei?enoaiiyi i?yiieooieo aeaiaio?a iiaea aooe
i?aeaeuaia aei iaiao?aeii? aaee/eie oeyoii canoinoaaiiy niaoe?aeueieo
i?yiieooieo (ne?aiaeeiiaeo) neiieaen-aeaiaio?a.
O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? aeine?aeaeaii ia/enethaaeuei? noaie, iaoiaee oa
aeai?eoie /enaeueiiai aiae?co ?aaeei?a ?iaioe NOOA. Iiaeae? eiii?ani?ieo
noaioe?e oa aeaaa?a?ciaai? iiaeae? o?oaii?iaiae?a ia’?aeiothoueny o
iaaeaaeee? aeaaa?a?/i? nenoaie, ui iienothoue ?aaeeie NOOA. Aeeiiaiee
aiae?c iieacaa, ui c on?o ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a /enaeueiiai ??oaiiy nenoai
iae?i?eieo aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue, ye? ? aea?aaeaioaie ??aiyiue aaciai?
aeeiai?ee (1) – (3) ? yeeie iienothoueny ia?ao?aei? ? onoaeai? ?aaeeie
o?oaii?iaiae?a, a oaeiae nenoai ??aiyiue, ui ? iiaeaeyie EN, aeey ?o
/enaeueiiai aiae?co aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeai?eoie ?c eeano
iiaeeo?eiaaieo iaoiae?a Iuethoiia.
A?aeiia?aeii aei iaoiaeo Iuethoiia e?iaa?eciaaia nenoaia ??aiyiue ia
iniia? (17) – (22) a ?oa?aoe?ei?e oi?i? ia? aeaeyae:
(23)
(24)
– iao?eoe? sseia? a oeeo oi/eao.
Aaeoi?e iaa’ycie a?aeiia?aeii aei (17) – (22) iathoue aeaeyae :
(25)
(26)
Aaoi?ii aeeiiaii ? i?aaenoaaeaii aeaoaeueio ?ic?iaeo caeaaeiinoae aeey
an?o aeaiaio?a ia/enethaaeueii? noaie (23) – (26), a naia: aeaiaio?a
iao?eoe? sseia? oa iaa’ycie.
Canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo Iuethoiia aei aeaaa?a?ciaaieo ??aiyiue onoaeaieo
?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a (4), (5) i?eaiaeeoue aei nenoaie:
(27)
(28)
– iii?aaee.
Iaa’ycee a (27), (28) aecia/athoueny oaeei /eiii:
(29)
(30)
Aeey ??aiyiue (27), (28) aecia/ai? caeaaeiino? aeey ia?aooaaiiy
aeaiaio?a iao?eoeue sseia? oa iaa’ycie.
Eiii?ani?ia noaioe?y ? aeoaea neeaaeiei oaoiieia?/iei ia’?eoii ?
iieno?oueny neeaaeiith nenoaiith iae?i?eieo aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue
caaaeueiiai aeaeyaeo, yea aeaoaeueii aeine?aeaeaia oa iaaaaeaia a
?iaio?. Iieacaii, ui /enaeueiee aiae?c oaeiai ia’?eoo iiaeeeaee eeoa
oeyoii canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo Iuethoiia aai eiai iiaeeo?eaoe?e. Aaoi?ii
aeeiiaii ? i?aaenoaaeaii aeaoaeueio ?ic?iaeo eiino?oeoe?e ? aeaiaio?a
ia/enethaaeueieo, ye? iaiao?aeii oi?ioaaoe aeey ?aae?caoe?? oeueiai
iaoiaeo (iao?eoe? sseia?, iaa’ycee, iii?aaee, eiio?ieue oi/iino?,
ca?aeiino?, i?aai?caoe?y ?oa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a oa ?i.). Io?eiai? o
?iaio? nenoaie oa caeaaeiino? ia iiaeooue aooe iaaaaeai? a aaoi?aoa?ao?
o ca’yceo c ?o neeaaei?noth oa a?ii?caee?noth.
O i?aeoe/iiio aeei?enoaii? iniiaiee ?ioa?an aeeeeea? nenoaiaoe/ia
canoinoaaiiy iiaeaeae EN ? o?oaii?iaiae?a aeey caaaeueiiai aiae?co
?aaeei?a a ?ic?aooieiaeo noaiao NOOA, a yeeo ?o caaaeueia e?euee?noue
iiaea neeaaeaoe aeanyoee (EN) ? nioi? (o?oaii?iaiaee).
A oiiaao, eiee ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue o?oaii?iaiae?a ia i?eeyaa? aei
a?aie/ieo iaeanoae, an? ?o ?aaeeii? ia?aiao?e oi?iothoueny aaoiiaoe/ii a
i?ioean? noi?niiai aiae?co ia’?aeiaii? iaoaiaoe/ii? iiaeae? NOOA. Oey
caaaeueia iiaeaeue i?noeoue a nia? ia i?aaao i?aenenoai aeaaa?a?ciaai?
iiaeae? o?oaii?iaiae?a, eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e ? aoce?a, ye? ?ic?iaeai?
o aeaeyae?, i?enoiniaaiiio aeey nenoaiiiai aiae?co. Caaaeyee oeueiio
caaacia/o?oueny iiaeeea?noue aeeiioaaoe ?ic?aooiee neeaaeiicaieiooeo
NOOA aeia?eueii? eiio?ao?aoe??.
Oi?ioaaiiy nenoaiieo iiaeaeae NOOA, i?ecia/aieo aeey ?o /enaeueiiai
aiae?co, aeeiio?oueny oeyoii ia’?aeiaiiy iiaeaeae i?aenenoai c ?o
iaaiith o?ainoi?iaoe??th, ui iienaii a ?iaio?. O ?acoeueoao? oaeeo
o?ainoi?iaoe?e io?eiothoueny caieioo? nenoaie e?iaa?eciaaieo
aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue, ui iiaeaeththoue ye onoaeai?, oae ?
ianoaoe?iia?i? ?aaeeie a NOOA aeia?eueii? eiio?ao?aoe??.
Aaaeeeaei ieoaiiyi i?aai?caoe?? ia/eneaiue i?e aiae?c? ?aaeei?a ?iaioe
NOOA aeia?eueii? eiio?ao?aoe?? ? aea?? /enaeueiiai iaoiaeo ?c eeano
iiaeeo?eaoe?e iaoiaeo Iuethoiia. Anoaiiaeaii, ui aiae?c i?ioean?a a
o?oaii?iaiae? e?aua aeeiioaaoe c aeei?enoaiiyi ni?iuaieo iao?eoeue
sseia?, ine?eueee i?e oeueiio e?euee?noue ?oa?aoe?e ca?eueoo?oueny ia
40-50%, a e?euee?noue a?eoiaoe/ieo iia?aoe?e ia eiaei?e ?oa?aoe??
ciaioo?oueny a 8-10 ?ac?a. Aiaeia?/ia neooaoe?y niinoa??aa?oueny oaeiae
i?e aiae?c? ?aaeei?a EN. Aeei?enoaiiy ni?iuaieo iao?eoeue sseia? nooo?ai
nei?i/o? /an ?ic?iaee ? ia’?ie a?aeiia?aeieo i?ia?aiieo aeie?a.
A?aeiia?aeii aei oeueiai i?e nenoaiiiio aiae?c? ?aaeei?a ?iaioe a
neeaaeiicaieiooeo NOOA aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe ia/enethaaeuei? noaie
c? ni?iuaieie iao?eoeyie o?oaii?iaiae?a ? EN. I?e oeueiio, ye ? a
aeiaaeeo ?ic?aooie?a aaoiiiiieo o?oaii?iaiae?a ? EN, cian?i ia
cieaeo?oueny oi/i?noue ??oaiiy, ine?eueee a eean? iaoiae?a Iuethoiia
oi/i?noue ia/eneaiiy iaa?aeiieo aecia/a?oueny o?eueee oi/i?noth
ia/eneaiiy iaa’ycie.
Caaaeuei? nenoaie ??aiyiue, ui iienothoue ?aaeeie NOOA, iathoue aeoaea
aaeee? ?ici??iino? (oeny/? iaa?aeiieo). Iao?eoe? sseia?, c yeeie o?aaa
iia?oaaoe a?aeiia?aeii aei iaoiaeo Iuethoiia, i?e oeueiio ia 99% ?
iaa?oue a?eueoa neeaaeathoueny c ioe?a. Ia?iaea ioeueiaeo aeaiaio?a
i?ecaiaeeoue aei iaaeaaeeeeo aeo?ao iaoeiiiai /ano. Oiio aeey
neaaeicaiiaiaieo iao?eoeue aaea aeineoue aeaaii ii/aee ?ic?iaeyoe
niaoe?aeuei? iaoiaee, ye? i?aoeththoue eeoa c iaioeueiaeie aeaiaioaie
iao?eoeue – iaoiaee oaeoi?ecaoe??.
Aeey nenoai, yeeie iieno?oueny ?aaeei NOOA, iiaeia canoiniaoaaoe
o?eueee caaaeuei? iaoiaee oaeoi?ecaoe?? c aeei?enoaiiyi iiia?aaeiuei?
?i?oaoe?? aeeeth/aiiy. Oe? iaoiaee noaee aoaeoeaiei caniaii aiae?co
?aaeei?a aaeeeeo NOOA. Ia a?aei?io a?ae ?ioeo i?yieo iaoiae?a i?e
aeei?enoaii? iaoiae?a oaeoi?ecaoe?? aeo?aoe iaoeiiiai /ano
ca?eueoothoueny e?i?eii ( a ia eaaae?aoe/ii) c ?inoii ?ici??iino?
nenoai.
Canoinoaaiiy iaoiae?a oaeoi?ecaoe?? aea? iiaeeea?noue aaaaoie?aoii
aeiiiieoe iia?aoeaio iai’youe ? a aaaaoi ?ac?a nei?i/oaaoe /an
?ic?aooie?a eiii’thoa?a.
I?aeoeea canoinoaaiiy ia/enethaaeueieo noai ca iiaeeo?eiaaieie iaoiaeaie
Iuethoiia i?aeoaa?aeeea ?o oi?io? iniiai? iieacieee: aenieo oaeaee?noue
ca?aeiino? (3-5 ?oa?aoe?e); aenieo oi/i?noue caaaeyee oi/iiio
ia/eneaiith iaa’ycie (25),(26),(29),(30); a?aeiinio i?inoioo caaaeyee
?aoe?iiaeueiei ni?iuaiiyi i?e ia/eneaii? aeaiaio?a iao?eoeue sseia?.
Caaacia/aiiy oi?ioeo iieaciee?a ia/enethaaeueieo i?ioean?a c aiae?co
noaoe?iia?ieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a ye ie?aieo ia’?eo?a
(o?oaii?iaiaee, EN), oae ? NOOA a oe?eiio aeaei iiaeeea?noue cae?enieoe
?ic?iaeo a?aeiia?aeieo i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a c oaoi?/ieie
oa?aeoa?enoeeaie, ui oe?eeii caaeiaieueiythoue aeiiaai
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy ?aaeeiaie ?iaioe NOOA a no/anieo
oiiaao.
O i’yoiio ?icae?e? aena?oeaii iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe canoinoaaiiy
?ic?iaeaieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a aeey aiae?co oa oi?aae?iiy ?aaeeiaie
?iaioe NOOA.
Ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiae?a oa aeai?eoi?a iiaeaethaaiiy ?aaeei?a
?iaioe NOOA aoei noai?aii e?eueea iiaeeo?eaoe?e i?iaeaiii-i???ioiaaiiai
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eiiai eiiieaeno (I?E), i?ecia/aiiai aeey ??oaiiy
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ieo caaea/, a oaeiae aeey i?iieneiaiai aeei?enoaiiy a
nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueiei
o?ainii?oii aaco. I?E aeei?enoiao?oueny ye neeaaeiaa /anoeia oaoi?/ieo
cania?a, ia yeeo a?oioo?oueny aaoiiaoeciaaia nenoaia aeeniao/a?nueeiai
oi?aae?iiy a NOOA.
Ia a?aei?io a?ae aiaeia?/ieo a?aeiieo ?ic?iaie I?E aea? iiaeeea?noue
?ic?aoiaoaaoe onoaeai? ? ianoaoe?iia?i? ?aaeeie neeaaeiicaieiooeo,
aaeeeeo aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia aeoaea aaeeeeo a?ae??ceao /ano ? c
aenieith oi/i?noth.
Aiae?c no?oeoo?e ? neeaaeo caaea/ aaoiiaoeciaaii? ?ioi?iaoe?eii? nenoaie
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy, ui ?ic?iaey?oueny ca?ac ia
iniia? iia?oi?o eiii’thoa?ieo ? ?ioi?iaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e a IAE
“Iaooiaac Oe?a?ie”, iieacaa, ui ?ic?iaeaiee I?E nenoaiaoe/ii ?
aaaaoie?aoii aeei?enoiao?oueny a no?oeoo?? i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo
cania?a A?N IAeO aeey ?ica’ycaiiy noeoiiino? caaea/, iia’ycaieo c
ieaioaaiiyi, eiio?ieai, oi?aae?iiyi oa iioei?caoe??th onoaeaieo ?
ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a neeaaeieo nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo
aaco.
I?aeoe/iee aeina?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iaoaiaoe/ieo iiaeaeae ?
iaoiae?a a neeaae? I?E, eiai aeei?enoaiiy aeey aiae?co ?aaeei?a
neeaaeieo NOOA i?aeoaa?aeeee oai?aoe/i? aeniiaee uiaei aeniei?
no?eeino? oa oi/iino? iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a. I?E aea?
iiaeeea?noue ?ic?aoiaoaaoe onoaeai? ? ianoaoe?iia?i? ?aaeeie aeoaea
neeaaeieo, aaeeeeo aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai c e?eueoeyie oa
aacii?iaiaeaie-ia?aie/eaie. I?e oeueiio caaacia/o?oueny aenieee nooi?iue
aeaoae?caoe?? ?ic?aooieiaeo noai, aaeee? iap?iaee aiae?co
ianoaoe?iia?ieo i?ioean?a (e?eueea ae?a), aaeee? e?iee ca /anii (aei
e?eueeio aiaeei), aeniea oi/i?noue oa aaeaeaaoi?noue io?eioaaieo
?acoeueoao?a. Oe? aeniiaee noi?iiaai? ye ?acoeueoao /enaeueiiai aiae?co
? iiaeaethaaiiy onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a aeineoue
neeaaeieo iaeiiieoeiaeo, aeaiieoeiaeo oa o?eieoeiaeo iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a, ?icaeyiooeo a ?iaio?, a oaeiae ye ?acoeueoao ?ioeo
aeineoue oe?ieeo canoinoaaiue ?ic?iaeaieo iaoiae?a ? eiiieaen?a.
Oa?aeoa?iei canoinoaaiiyi ?ic?iaeaieo cania?a ? ?ic?aooiee
ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a aeaiieoeiaiai aacii?iaiaeo, noaia yeiai
cia?aaeaia ia ?en. 3. Ia aoiae? aacii?iaiaeo i?aeo?eiothoueny iino?ei?
oene (?1=73,9 aoa) ? oaiia?aoo?a (O1=10,2 0N). Ia eiai aeoiae?
(ae?eueieoey 13) niiaeeaaiiy aaco i?ioyaii anueiai /ano noaiiaeoue 95
iei i3/aeiao ia eiaeio ieoeo. Iniiai? aeai? ii EAe iaaaaeai? a oaae. 1,
ii EN – a oaae. 2. An? ?io? iaiao?aei? aeey iiaeaethaaiiy aeai?
i?noyoueny a ?iaio?. Cao?aiiyi a nenoai? ? a?aeeeth/aiiy iaeiiai oeaoo
EN-4 a 0 aiae oa ianooiia eiai aeeth/aiiy /a?ac 6 aiae. Iiaeaethaaiiy
ianoaoe?iia?iiai ?aaeeio i?iaaaeeeinue i?ioyaii 49 aiae, i?e oeueiio
e?ie ca /anii neeaaeaa 30 oa. Aea??eia? ?acoeueoaoe ?ic?aooie?a
iaaaaeaii ia ?en. 4 ? a oaae.3.
Ie??i iienaiiai, o ?iaio? i?noyoueny a?eueo neeaaei? ? ??ciiiai?oi?
canoinoaaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a.
O oinoiio ?icae?e? ?ic?iaeaii iaoeia? iniiae oa iaoiaeieia?th
aia?aiaeiiii?/iiai aiae?co aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? canoinoaaiiy
aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a ? oaoiieia?e a aeiiii?oe? oa nioe?aeuei?e
noa?? Oe?a?ie. Ia iniia? oe??? iaoiaeieia?? ca aaciina?aaeiueith o/anoth
aaoi?a aoea ?ic?iaeaia Eiiieaenia aea?aeaaia i?ia?aia aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy
Oe?a?ie (EAeIAO). Ia nueiaiaei? EAeIAO ? iniiaiei aeieoiaioii a
ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? aeaaee uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieoeoaa, aiia aecia/a? i??i?eoaoi?
iai?yie iinooio a oe?e noa?? ia ia?niaeoeao aei 2010 ?.
Aeeiiaiee aiae?c iioi/iiai noaio a aacia?e i?iieneiaino? iieacaa, ui a
aaeoc? aec??ea iaiao?aei?noue a iiaea?i?caoe?? oa ai?iaaaeaeaii?
aeinyaiaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano ye a iaeano? ?ic?iaee ?
aenieoaoaoe?? ?iaeiaeu aaco, oae ? a nenoaiao eiai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai
o?ainii?oo.
Oaaeeoey 1. Aeai? ii e?i?eieo ae?eueieoeyo
Oaaeeoey 2. Aeai? ii eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?yo
E?i?eia ae?eueieoey
Aeiaaeeia, ei
Eiao?oe??io a?ae?aae?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
Eiao?oe??io
a?ae?aae?/iiai iii?o
Eiao?oe??io
oaieiia?aaea/?, Ao/i2 E
Oaiia?aoo?a
a?oioo, iN
Iacaa
EN
E?euee?noue a?oi AIA a oeaoo Noia?ia iaae?iiy oeneo ia aoiae? EN, aoa
Noia?ia iaae?iiy oeneo ia aeoiae? EN, aoa
Cieaeaiiy oaiia?aoo?e aaco ia AII, iN
Onoaaea ii oeneo ia aeoiae? EN, aoa
1 100,6 0,95 0,01038 1,31 -1,6
EN-1 4 1,2 1,1 19 74,4
3 84,8 0,95 0,01038 1,22 1,0
EN-2 4 1,9 1,6 15,7 74,7
5 96,2 0,95 0,01040 1,22 1,7
EN-3 3 1,9 1,1 17,4 74,9
7 93,2 0,95 0,01036 1,22 1,7
EN-4 3 1,9 1,1 15,5 73,9
9 83,8 0,95 0,01034 1,11 1,7
EN-5 3 1,2 1,1 14,1 74,9
11 93,4 0,95 0,01039 1,11 1,7
EN-6 3 1,9 1,1 15,7 73,9
13 95,4 0,95 0,00968 1,28 3,6
Oaaeeoey 3. ?ic?aooiee ianoaoe?iia?iiai ?aaeeio aeaiieoeiaiai
aacii?iaiaeo
Aaee/. Ae?eueieoey – 1, oi/ea – 3 Ae?eueieoey – 7, oi/ea 3 Ae?eueieoey
– 11, oi/ea 3 Ae?eueieoey – **, oi/ea – **
*an Aeaeaoie Oene Oaiia?. Aeaeaoie Oene Oaiia?. Aeaeaoie Oene Oaiia?.
00 a 00 oa 195.28 64.921 5.44 192.64 66.793 10.08 190.88 66.903 10.23
00 a 30 oa 194.26 64.990 5.49 173.08 68.049 10.96 190.86 66.909 10.30
01 a 00 oa 192.74 65.111 5.56 170.08 68.493 10.95 188.50 66.498 10.03
01 a 30 oa 191.18 65.251 5.64 171.88 68.733 10.71 185.94 65.770 9.51
02 a 00 oa 189.88 65.378 5.69 174.42 68.959 10.45 184.50 64.970 8.98
02 a 30 oa 188.92 65.479 5.72 176.28 69.130 10.14 183.72 64.188 8.50
03 a 00 oa 188.22 65.555 5.73 177.64 69.255 9.81 182.86 63.509 8.13
03 a 30 oa 187.74 65.611 5.72 178.68 69.345 9.49 181.66 62.988 7.88
04 a 00 oa 187.40 65.651 5.72 179.46 69.411 9.21 180.86 62.555 7.65
04 a 30 oa 187.14 65.679 5.71 180.06 69.460 8.96 180.38 62.172 7.41
05 a 00 oa 186.98 65.700 5.71 180.54 69.496 8.76 180.14 61.818 7.11
05 a 30 oa 186.84 65.714 5.71 180.90 69.521 8.59 180.10 61.483 6.75
06 a 00 oa 186.76 65.725 5.70 181.22 69.539 8.45 180.20 61.164 6.35
06 a 30 oa 187.20 65.699 5.68 204.78 66.867 6.13 186.92 61.719 6.88
07 a 00 oa 188.54 65.605 5.61 207.96 65.960 5.68 192.12 62.460 7.57
07 a 30 oa 190.24 65.466 5.53 206.82 65.621 5.82 195.30 63.135 8.12
08 a 00 oa 191.80 65.325 5.46 204.10 65.318 5.98 197.10 63.696 8.52
08 a 30 oa 193.12 65.196 5.41 202.08 65.077 6.16 198.10 64.155 8.82
09 a 00 oa 194.40 65.071 5.37 200.84 64.907 6.37 198.62 64.539 9.09
09 a 30 oa 195.44 64.962 5.35 200.10 64.793 6.58 198.84 64.868 9.37
10 a 00 oa 196.22 64.877 5.34 199.66 64.717 6.78 198.86 65.158 9.67
10 a 30 oa 196.74 64.813 5.33 199.36 64.672 6.95 198.04 65.524 10.11
11 a 00 oa 197.12 64.767 5.34 199.14 64.652 7.11 197.02 65.952 10.65
11 a 30 oa 197.40 64.733 5.34 198.92 64.662 7.28 195.86 66.304 11.13
12 a 00 oa 197.60 64.708 5.34 198.58 64.710 7.47 194.40 66.481 11.41
12 a 30 oa 197.74 64.690 5.34 198.22 64.789 7.70 193.42 66.578 11.59
13 a 00 oa 197.86 64.676 5.34 197.88 64.888 7.95 192.80 66.635 11.71
13 a 30 oa 197.92 64.667 5.34 197.54 64.997 8.23 192.38 66.672 11.77
14 a 00 oa 197.96 64.661 5.35 197.22 65.109 8.52 192.10 66.698 11.79
14 a 30 oa 197.98 64.659 5.35 196.34 65.294 8.88 191.90 66.717 11.78
15 a 00 oa 197.92 64.661 5.35 195.58 65.509 9.26 191.74 66.733 11.75
15 a 30 oa 197.84 64.667 5.36 195.04 65.715 9.62 191.62 66.747 11.72
16 a 00 oa 197.72 64.676 5.36 194.64 65.900 9.95 191.54 66.758 11.68
16 a 30 oa 197.60 64.688 5.37 194.32 66.060 10.24 191.46 66.768 11.66
17 a 00 oa 197.46 64.700 5.37 194.06 66.198 10.49 191.40 66.776 11.63
17 a 30 oa 197.34 64.713 5.38 193.84 66.315 10.69 191.36 66.783 11.61
18 a 00 oa 197.20 64.726 5.38 193.66 66.413 10.86 191.32 66.788 11.60
18 a 30 oa 197.10 64.737 5.39 193.50 66.495 10.99 191.28 66.793 11.59
19 a 00 oa 196.98 64.748 5.39 193.38 66.562 11.10 191.24 66.796 11.57
19 a 30 oa 196.88 64.758 5.39 193.30 66.618 11.17 191.22 66.800 11.56
20 a 00 oa 196.80 64.767 5.39 193.22 66.664 11.22 191.18 66.803 11.56
20 a 30 oa 196.70 64.776 5.40 193.08 66.685 11.23 191.16 66.807 11.55
21 a 00 oa 196.60 64.786 5.40 193.00 66.695 11.22 191.14 66.810 11.55
21 a 30 oa 196.52 64.795 5.40 192.98 66.699 11.20 191.10 66.813 11.55
22 a 00 oa 196.44 64.804 5.40 192.98 66.702 11.17 191.08 66.815 11.55
22 a 30 oa 196.38 64.811 5.40 192.98 66.703 11.13 191.04 66.818 11.55
23 a 00 oa 196.32 64.816 5.41 193.00 66.704 11.09 191.02 66.820 11.55
23 a 30 oa 196.28 64.821 5.41 193.02 66.705 11.05 191.00 66.822 11.55
24 a 00 oa 196.24 64.824 5.41 193.02 66.705 11.01 190.98 66.823 11.55
24 a 30 oa 196.22 64.827 5.41 193.06 66.706 10.97 190.98 66.824 11.54
01 a 00 oa 196.20 64.830 5.41 193.08 66.706 10.93 190.98 66.825 11.53
01 a 30 oa 196.18 64.832 5.41 193.08 66.707 10.89 190.98 66.826 11.52
02 a 00 oa 196.16 64.835 5.41 193.10 66.707 10.85 190.98 66.826 11.50
02 a 30 oa 196.14 64.836 5.41 193.12 66.708 10.82 190.98 66.826 11.48
03 a 00 oa 196.12 64.838 5.41 193.14 66.708 10.79 191.00 66.826 11.45
03 a 30 oa 196.10 64.840 5.41 193.16 66.709 10.76 191.02 66.826 11.43
04 a 00 oa 196.10 64.841 5.41 193.16 66.709 10.73 191.02 66.826 11.40
04 a 30 oa 196.08 64.843 5.41 193.18 66.710 10.70 191.04 66.826 11.37
05 a 00 oa 196.06 64.844 5.41 193.18 66.710 10.68 191.06 66.826 11.34
05 a 30 oa 196.04 64.845 5.41 193.20 66.711 10.66 191.08 66.826 11.31
06 a 00 oa 196.04 64.847 5.41 193.20 66.712 10.64 191.10 66.826 11.28
06 a 30 oa 196.02 64.848 5.41 193.20 66.713 10.62 191.12 66.826 11.25
07 a 00 oa 196.02 64.849 5.41 193.20 66.714 10.61 191.12 66.827 11.22
07 a 30 oa 196.00 64.850 5.41 193.20 66.715 10.59 191.14 66.827 11.19
08 a 00 oa 196.00 64.851 5.41 193.20 66.716 10.58 191.14 66.828 11.16
08 a 30 oa 195.98 64.852 5.41 193.18 66.717 10.57 191.14 66.829 11.14
09 a 00 oa 195.96 64.853 5.41 193.18 66.719 10.56 191.16 66.830 11.11
09 a 30 oa 195.96 64.855 5.41 193.16 66.720 10.55 191.16 66.832 11.09
10 a 00 oa 195.94 64.856 5.41 193.16 66.722 10.54 191.16 66.833 11.06
10 a 30 oa 195.94 64.857 5.41 193.14 66.723 10.53 191.16 66.834 11.04
11 a 00 oa 195.92 64.858 5.42 193.14 66.725 10.52 191.14 66.836 11.02
11 a 30 oa 195.90 64.860 5.42 193.12 66.726 10.51 191.14 66.837 11.00
12 a 00 oa 195.90 64.861 5.42 193.10 66.728 10.50 191.14 66.839 10.98
12 a 30 oa 195.88 64.862 5.42 193.10 66.729 10.49 191.14 66.840 10.96
13 a 00 oa 195.86 64.863 5.42 193.08 66.731 10.49 191.12 66.842 10.94
13 a 30 oa 195.86 64.865 5.42 193.08 66.733 10.48 191.12 66.844 10.93
14 a 00 oa 195.84 64.866 5.42 193.06 66.734 10.47 191.10 66.845 10.91
14 a 30 oa 195.82 64.867 5.42 193.04 66.736 10.46 191.10 66.847 10.90
15 a 00 oa 195.82 64.868 5.42 193.04 66.737 10.46 191.10 66.848 10.88
15 a 30 oa 195.80 64.870 5.42 193.02 66.738 10.45 191.08 66.850 10.87
16 a 00 oa 195.80 64.871 5.42 193.02 66.740 10.44 191.08 66.851 10.85
16 a 30 oa 195.78 64.872 5.42 193.00 66.741 10.43 191.08 66.852 10.84
17 a 00 oa 195.76 64.873 5.42 193.00 66.743 10.43 191.06 66.854 10.82
17 a 30 oa 195.76 64.874 5.42 192.98 66.744 10.42 191.06 66.855 10.81
18 a 00 oa 195.74 64.875 5.42 192.98 66.745 10.41 191.06 66.856 10.80
18 a 30 oa 195.74 64.876 5.42 192.96 66.746 10.40 191.06 66.857 10.79
19 a 00 oa 195.72 64.877 5.42 192.96 66.747 10.40 191.04 66.859 10.77
19 a 30 oa 195.72 64.878 5.42 192.96 66.749 10.39 191.04 66.860 10.76
20 a 00 oa 195.70 64.879 5.42 192.94 66.750 10.38 191.04 66.861 10.75
20 a 30 oa 195.70 64.880 5.42 192.94 66.751 10.38 191.04 66.862 10.74
21 a 00 oa 195.68 64.881 5.42 192.92 66.752 10.37 191.02 66.863 10.73
21 a 30 oa 195.68 64.882 5.42 192.92 66.753 10.36 191.02 66.864 10.72
22 a 00 oa 195.66 64.883 5.42 192.92 66.753 10.36 191.02 66.864 10.71
22 a 30 oa 195.66 64.884 5.42 192.90 66.754 10.35 191.02 66.865 10.70
23 a 00 oa 195.64 64.885 5.42 192.90 66.755 10.34 191.02 66.866 10.68
23 a 30 oa 195.64 64.886 5.42 192.90 66.756 10.34 191.02 66.867 10.67
24 a 00 oa 195.64 64.887 5.42 192.90 66.757 10.33 191.00 66.868 10.66
24 a 30 oa 195.62 64.887 5.42 192.90 66.758 10.33 191.02 66.869 10.65
01 a 00 oa 195.62 64.888 5.42 192.88 66.759 10.32 191.00 66.870 10.65
Iniiaia oaaaa a ?iaio? aoea i?eae?eaia aia?aiaoaeoeaiei caoiaeai a
iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiaeao. Aiaeii/an aoea c?iaeaia caaaeueia
oa?aeoa?enoeea iai?yi?a iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano a aaciaeaeiaooeo, a
oaeiae iieacaii, ui aeeaa?neo?eaoe?y aeaea?ae iinoa/aiiy aaco a
Oe?a?io ii ?iii?oo caaacia/o? ia o?eueee i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy
aia?aaoe/ii? iacaeaaeiino? oa aaciaee, aea e aea? iiaeeea?noue io?eiaoe
cia/i? aeiiii?/i? ia?aaaae, ui aea?aaeaioii i?aeaeuaiith caaaeueii?
aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie aaciiinoa/aiiy.
Ia aac? cai?iiiiiaaieo a ?iaio? iniiaieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue
i?aeaeuaiiy aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaii aeine?aeaeaiiy ianya?a
i?aeoe/iiai iioaioe?aeo aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiaeao
Oe?a?ie. Iieacaii, ui ianyae ?aaeueii? ??/ii? aeiiii?? IA? a NOOA
neeaaeathoue 2,71 iei o o.i., aai 31,4% a?ae ianya?a aia?ai?ano?n?a,
ui aeo?a/athoueny ui??/ii ia o?ainii?ooaaiiy aaco (oaae. 4).
Oaaeeoey 4. ?aaeueiee iioaioe?ae aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiaeao
Aia?aiaoaeoeai? caoiaee Ianyae aeiiii?? IA?, oen. o o.i.
Aeo?aoe ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy, iei a?i.(
2000 2005 2010
I?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/i? caoiaee a aacio?ainii?oieo nenoaiao 80
5,4 250
16,5 250
16,5
?aeiino?oeoe?y EN oa cai?ia aacioo?a?iieo aa?aaao?a 83
168 804
738 1060
794
Aiae?c oa iioei?caoe?y ii?iaeueieo ?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a
27,6
6,2 253,6
18,3 253,6
112
14,8 160
110
44 210
80
Ooee?caoe?y AA? ia eiii?ani?eo noaioe?yo 42
1,65 243
11,8 369
12,4
Ooee?caoe?y iaaeeeoeiaiai oeneo aaco ia A?N oa A?I 10
0,57 190
10,8 408
23,2
?acii 242,6
186,02 1962,6
854,2 2710,6
965,6
Noia?i? eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy, iaiao?aei? aeey ?aae?caoe?? oeeo caoiae?a,
noaiiaeyoue 965,6 iei a?i. A?eueoa 70% ?aaeueiiai iioaioe?aeo
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiaeao (1962,3 oen.o o.i.)
iiaea aooe ?aae?ciaaii aei 2005 ?. i?e caaaeueieo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyo
ca aanue oeae ia??iae a ianyaao 854,2 iei a?i.
A?eueo?noue c ?icaeyiooeo caoiae?a ? ei?ioeioa?i?iiaeie (?aae?cothoueny
ca 2-3 ?iee) ? oa?aeoa?ecothoueny iaaaeeeeie ieoiieie
eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyie oa iaeeie oa?i?iaie ieoiiino? (1-2 ?iee).
Oi?io? iieacieee aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iathoue
?iaioe c aiae?co oa iioei?caoe?? ii?iaeueieo ?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a. O iaaeao oeeo ?ia?o cae?enith?oueny ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue noiniaii noai?aiiy iaoaiaoe/ieo oa
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo cania?a ?ic?aooieo onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a
aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia iniia? noaoe?iia?ieo iiaeaeae.
I?aeaeuaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? caaacia/o?oueny ca ?aooiie
nei?i/aiiy aia?aiaeo?ao ia eiii?eioaaiiy aaco, i?aeaeuaiiy
i?iaeoeoeaiino? oa iaae?eiino? aacii?iaiae?a. A?aooaaiiy o?eueee
ia?oiai oaeoi?a caaacia/o? ??/io aeiiii?th i?e?iaeiiai aaco a ianyc?
253,6 oen.o o.i. i?e noia?ieo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyo 18,3 iei a?i.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a ianyaao AON Oe?a?ie caaacia/o?oueny ca 3-4 ?iee,
ieoii? eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy noaiiaeyoue 72,2 a?i./o o.i., oa?i?i ieoiiino?
– aeecueei iaeiiai ?ieo, ui ? aeoaea oi?ioei aeiiii?/iei iieacieeii.
Aenie? iieacieee aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iathoue
oaeiae ?iaioe c aiae?co ? oi?aae?iiy ?aaeeiaie iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a a iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo. O oeeo ?iaioao aeei?enoiaothoueny
?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue ii noai?aiith iaoaiaoe/ieo
iiaeaeae ? iaoiae?a aiae?co ia?ao?aeieo i?ioean?a a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiaeao oa ?o aeei?enoaiith a nenoaiao
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy IA.
I?aeaeuaiiy aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? i?e oeueiio caaacia/o?oueny caaaeyee
ciaioaiith ianya?a aaa??eieo aeeeae?a aaco, ca?eueoaiith
i?iaeoeoeaiino? aacii?iaiae?a a iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo, caaacia/aiith
ii?iaoeaieo iieaciee?a ?aaeeio (oene, aeaeaoie) o niiaeeaa/?a a oaeeo
oiiaao ? ?i.
A?aooaaiiy o?eueee oaeoi?a nei?i/aiiy ianya?a aaa??eieo aeeeae?a aaco
caaacia/o? ??/io aeiiii?th aaco a ianyc? 160 oen. o o.i. i?e caaaeueieo
aeo?aoao ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ca aanue ia??iae 21,2 iei a?i.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oeueiai caoiaeo a ianyaao AON Oe?a?ie iiaeeeaa a
2005-2006 ??., ieoii? eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy neeaaeathoue 132,2 a?i./o o.i.,
oa?i?i ieoiiino? – aeecueei aeaio ?ie?a, ui oaeiae ? aenieei
aeiiii?/iei iieacieeii.
AENIIAEE
Ooiaeaiaioaeueiei ?acoeueoaoii i?iaaaeaieo o oe?e ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaiue
? ae??oaiiy cia/ii? iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? i?iaeaie c i?aeaeuaiiy
aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?iiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai
o?ainii?oo aaco oeyoii noai?aiiy aeineiiaeeo iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoiae?a oa
cania?a ?ioi?iaoeee aeey aiae?co ? iioei?caoe?? ianoaoe?iia?ieo oa
onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?o ?iaioe, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy oeeo iaoiae?a ? cania?a a
nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy NOOA, a oaeiae
aeei?enoaiiy ?ioeo cia/ieo aeinyaiaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano:
i?iaaaeaiiy ?aeiino?oeoe?? EN oa cai?ia aacioo?a?iieo aa?aaao?a,
iie?ioaiiy oaoi?/iiai noaio oa i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? o?oaii?iaiae?a,
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieo caoiae?a oa ?i.
Aeniiaee oa ?aeiiaaeaoe?? uiaei iaoeiaiai cia/aiiy ? i?aeoe/iiai
aeei?enoaiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a:
1. Caaacia/oth/e o?ainii?ooaaiiy aaco a ianyaao 215 ie?ae i3 ui??/ii,
aacio?ainii?oia nenoaia Oe?a?ie ? iaei??th c iaea?eueoeo, iaeneeaaei?oeo
oa iaeiiooaei?oeo o na?o?. Aiia ? iaei??th ?c no?aoaa?/ieo nenoai, yea
caaacia/o? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aeecueei 45% a?ae on?o ianya?a ia?aeiieo
aia?ai?ano?n?a, ui niiaeeaathoueny a e?a?i?. *a?ac ?? iaa?no?aeuei?
aacii?iaiaee o?ainii?oo?oueny ia aenii?o aeecueei 135 ie?ae i3
i?e?iaeiiai aaco, ca ui Oe?a?ia io?eio? aeecueei 33 ie?ae i3 aaco ye
iieaoo ca o?aiceo. Oe? ianyae a 1,8 ?ace ia?aaeuothoue aeaniee
aeaeiaooie aaco ? noaiiaeyoue a?eueo i?ae 40% a?ae caaaeueieo ianya?a
eiai niiaeeaaiiy a e?a?i?.
O no/anieo oiiaao ooieoe?iioaaiiy AON Oe?a?ie ?nio? i?iaeaia
i?aeaeuaiiy ?? caaaeueii? aoaeoeaiino? a oaeeo iai?yiao:
noai?aiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiio oi?aae?ii?
iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie aoaeoeaieo iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoiae?a ?
no/anieo cania?a ?ioi?iaoeee aeey aiae?co ? oi?aae?iiy ianoaoe?iia?ieie
?aaeeiaie ?o ?iaioe;
oaeineiiaeaiiy ? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a A?N IAeO iaa?no?aeueieie
aacii?iaiaeaie iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoiae?a oa cania?a ?ioi?iaoeee aeey aiae?co
? iioei?caoe?? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe AON;
iiaea?i?caoe?y oa ?aeiino?oeoe?y ii?aeueii canoa??eiai ? o?ce/ii
ciioaiiai onoaoeoaaiiy eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e oa e?i?eii? /anoeie IA.
2. ?ic?iaeaii oa aeine?aeaeaii iaoaiaoe/i? iiaeae? ia’?eo?a ? nenoai
o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco, i?ecia/ai? aeey nenoaiiiai aiae?co ?o
ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a.
?ic?iaeaii oa aeine?aeaeaii aeaoaeueio iiaeaeue eiii?ani?ii? noaioe??,
yea a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae a?aeiieo oei, ui a i?e ei?aeoii ? aeaoaeueii
a?aoiaai? an? iniiai? ia’?eoe, ui aa?ooue o/anoue o eiii?eioaaii? aaco:
aaciia?aea/oth/? aa?aaaoe, aia?aoe iia?o?yiiai ioieiaeaeaiiy, iaa’ycee
AIA ? AII, ao?aei? ? aeo?aei? oeaeoe eiii?ani?ii? noaioe??. ?ic?iaeaia
iiaeaeue EN ? iaea?eueo aeaoaeueiith oa oi/iith c on?o aiaeia?/ieo
iiaeaeae, ye? a?aeii? a e?oa?aoo?? aai aenieoaoothoueny a neeaae?
i?ia?aiiiai caaacia/aiiy nenoai oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueieie
aacii?iaiaeaie.
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeieia?th oi?ioaaiiy nenoaiieo iiaeaeae iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a ? aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia aac? nenoaiaoe/iiai
aeei?enoaiiy cai?iiiiiaaieo iiaeaeae o?oaii?iaiae?a, eiii?ani?ieo
noaioe?e oa aoce?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny aenieith aeaoae?caoe??th ?
oi/i?noth.
3. Ia iniia? aiae?co ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a ?ica’ycaiiy ??aiyiue aaciai?
aeeiai?ee cai?iiiiiaaii aei aeei?enoaiiy oa aia?oa aeaoaeueii
aeine?aeaeaii iaoiae e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a noiniaii ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?
onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe o?oaii?iaiae?a. Oeae iaoiae ia a?aei?io a?ae
iaee?aueo ?nioth/eo (iayai? e?ioeaai-??cieoeaa? iaoiaee) iaeii/anii
caaacia/o? ye aaniethoio no?ee?noue, oae ? iaiao?aeio oi/i?noue
ia/eneaiue.
Aeine?aeaeaii aeaa oeie ai?ieneioth/eo neiieaen-aeaiaio?a – i?yiieooi?
? o?eeooi?, ? iieacaii, ui noiniaii i?iaeaie aeaaa?a?caoe?? ??aiyiue
aaciai? aeeiai?ee iaea?eueo aeioe?eueiith ? ai?ieneiaoe?y
i?inoi?iai-/aniai? iaeano? i?yiieooieie aeaiaioaie, ine?eueee naia aiie
caaacia/othoue aenieo oi/i?noue ? no?ee?noue ia/eneaiue.
Iieacaii, ui iaiao?aeia oi/i?noue ia/eneaiue caaacia/o?oueny oeyoii
aeei?enoaiiy niaoe?aeueieo (ne?aiaeeiiaeo) i?yiieooieo
neiieaen-aeaiaio?a.
Aeey iaio eean?a caaea/ (ianoaoe?iia?i? ? onoaeai? ?aaeeie) ia iniia?
iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a ?ic?iaeaii, aeine?aeaeaii oa iiaoaeiaaii
aeaaa?a?/i? nenoaie ??aiyiue, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny ye aeey aiae?co
?aaeei?a o?oaii?iaiae?a, oae ? aeey aiae?co ?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a ? AON a oe?eiio.
4. C on?o ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a /enaeueiiai ??oaiiy nenoai iae?i?eieo
aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue, yeeie i?ney canoinoaaiiy iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo
aeaiaio?a iienothoueny onoaeai? e ia?ao?aei? ?aaeeie o?oaii?iaiae?a, a
oaeiae nenoai ??aiyiue, ui ? iiaeaeyie EN, aeey ?o /enaeueiiai aiae?co
aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe aeai?eoie ?c eeano iiaeeo?eiaaieo iaoiae?a
Iuethoiia.
I?e ?ica’ycaii? nenoai e?iaa?eciaaieo aeaaa?a?/ieo ??aiyiue ca iaoiaeii
Iuethoiia noiniaii ?aaeei?a ?iaioe NOOA aeei?enoai? caaaeuei? iaoiaee
oaeoi?ecaoe?? c iiia?aaeiueith ?i?oaoe??th aeeeth/aiiy. Oe? iaoiaee
aeicaieythoue aaaaoie?aoii nei?i/oaaoe iaoeiiee /an oa iaiao?aei? ianyae
iia?aoeaii? iai’yo?.
5. Ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo ? aeine?aeaeaieo iiaeaeae, iaoiae?a ?
aeai?eoi?a a AO “Oe?aaci?ii” aoee ?ic?iaeai? i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?ei?
eiiieaene, ye? ia a?aei?io a?ae aiaeia?/ieo a?aeiieo ?ic?iaie aeathoue
iiaeeea?noue c aeei?enoaiiyi no/anieo eiii’thoa??a ?ic?aoiaoaaoe
onoaeai? ? ianoaoe?iia?i? ?aaeeie neeaaeiicaieiooeo, aaeeeeo
aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai ia aeoaea aaeeeeo a?ae??ceao /ano ? c
iaiao?aeiith oi/i?noth.
?ic?iaeai? I?E nenoaiaoe/ii ? aaaaoie?aoii aeei?enoiaothoueny a
no?oeoo?? i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo cania?a A?N IAeO aeey ?ica’ycaiiy
noeoiiino? caaea/, iia’ycaieo c ieaioaaiiyi, eiio?ieai, oi?aae?iiyi oa
iioei?caoe??th onoaeaieo ? ianoaoe?iia?ieo ?aaeei?a neeaaeieo nenoai
o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco.
?ic?iaeai? I?E aeathoue iiaeeea?noue ?ic?aoiaoaaoe onoaeai? ?
ianoaoe?iia?i? ?aaeeie aeoaea neeaaeieo, aaeeeeo aacio?ainii?oieo nenoai
c e?eueoeyie oa aacii?iaiaeaie-ia?aie/eaie. I?e oeueiio caaacia/o?oueny
aenieee nooi?iue aeaoae?caoe?? ?ic?aooieiaeo noai, aaeee? ia??iaee
aiae?co ianoaoe?iia?ieo i?ioean?a (e?eueea ae?a), aaeee? e?iee ca /anii
(aei e?eueeio aiaeei), aeniea oi/i?noue oa aaeaeaaoi?noue io?eioaaieo
?acoeueoao?a.
6. Ia iniia? ?ic?iaeaieo iiaeaeae, iaoiae?a oa aeai?eoi?a iiaeia oaeiae
aeine?aeaeoaaoe neeaaei? caaea/? iia?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueieie
aacii?iaiaeaie c aeoaea aaeeeith e?euee?noth cao?thth/eo ione?a-coieiie
AIA ? ?ioiai onoaoeoaaiiy. Iieacaii, ui ?ic?iaeai? caniae iiaeooue aooe
oaeiae c oni?oii aeei?enoai? aeey ae??oaiiy aeoaea neeaaeieo caaea/ c
iioei?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy no/anieo NOOA.
Iaaaaeai? aeniiaee a?oioothoueny ia ?acoeueoaoao /eneaiieo ?ic?aooie?a
ianoaoe?iia?ieo ? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a ?iaioe neeaaeieo AON, /anoeia c
yeeo iaaaaeaia a ?iaio?, a naia:
iaeiiieoeiaee aacii?ia?ae (i?ioyaei?noue 647,4 ei, 6 EN, 7 EAe),
cao?aiiy -a?aeeeth/aiiy oeaoo ia iaei?e c EN, ia?ao?aeiee i?ioean – 49
aiae, e?ie ca /anii – 30 oa;
aeaiieoeiaee aacii?ia?ae c oaeeie ae aaiiao???th ? cao?aiiyi,
ia?ao?aeiee i?ioean – 49 aiae, e?ie ca /anii – 30 oa;
o?eieoeiaee aacii?ia?ae c oaeeie ae aaiiao???th ? cao?aiiyi, ia?ao?aeiee
i?ioean – 15 aiae, e?ie ca /anii – 30 oa;
o?eieoeiaee aacii?ia?ae c oaeith ae aaiiao???th, cao?aiiy – aaaaoie?aoi?
inaaaeiaeiaaeeia? ionee oa coieiee AIA (caaaeueia ?o e?euee?noue – 76),
ia?ao?aeiee i?ioean – 72 aiae, e?ie ca /anii – 2 aiae.
Ca neeaaei?noth AON oa cao?aiiy, i?ioyaei?noth ia?ao?aeiiai i?ioeano,
aaee/eiith e?ieo ca /anii inoaiiy caaea/a ? oi?eaeueiith.
7. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeieia?y aia?aiaeiiii?/iiai aiae?co aia?aiaoaeoeaiino?
canoinoaaiiy aia?aicaa??aath/eo caoiae?a ? oaoiieia?e a aeiiii?oe? ?
nioe?aeuei?e noa?? Oe?a?ie. Ca aaciina?aaeiueith o/anoth aaoi?a aoea
?ic?iaeaia ia iniia? oe??? iaoiaeieia??, ?icaeyiooa ? noaaeaia Eaa?iaoii
I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie (1996 ?.) Eiiieaenia aea?aeaaia i?ia?aia
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie, yea ia nueiaiaei? ? iniiaiei aeieoiaioii a
ae?yeueiino? i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? aeaaee uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? a?o/eciyiiai ae?iaieoeoaa.
8. Ia iniia? cai?iiiiiaaieo iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue i?aeaeuaiiy
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? aeeiiaii aeine?aeaeaiiy ianya?a i?aeoe/iiai
(?aaeueiiai) iioaioe?aeo aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiaeao Oe?a?ie. Iieacaii, ui ianyae ?aaeueii? ??/ii? aeiiii?? IA?
a NOOA neeaaeathoue 2,71 iei o o.i. aai 31,4 % a?ae ianya?a
aia?ai?ano?n?a, ui aeo?a/athoueny ui??/ii ia o?ainii?ooaaiiy aaco.
Noia?i? eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy, iaiao?aei? aeey ?aae?caoe?? oeeo caoiae?a,
noaiiaeyoue 965,6 iei a?i. A?eueo i?ae 70% ?aaeueiiai iioaioe?aeo
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiaeao (1962,3 oen.o o.i.)
iiaea aooe ?aae?ciaaii aei 2005 ?. i?e caaaeueieo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyo ca
aanue oeae ia??iae a ianyaao 854,2 iei a?i.
Oi?io? iieacieee c aia?aaoe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? iathoue
?iaioe c aiae?co oa iioei?caoe?? ii?iaeueieo ?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a. I?aeaeuaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? caaacia/o?oueny a
oeeo ?aaeeiao ca ?aooiie nei?i/aiiy aia?aiaeo?ao ia eiii?eioaaiiy aaco,
i?aeaeuaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? oa iaae?eiino? aacii?iaiae?a. A?aooaaiiy
o?eueee ia?oiai oaeoi?a caaacia/o? ??/io aeiiii?th i?e?iaeiiai aaco a
ianyc? 253,6 oen.o o.i. i?e noia?ieo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiyo 18,3 iei a?i.
Ieoii? eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy noaiiaeyoue 72,2 a?i./o o.i., oa?i?i ieoiiino?
– aeecueei iaeiiai ?ieo, ui ? aeoaea oi?ioei aeiiii?/iei iieacieeii.
Aenie? iieacieee aoaeoeaiino? iathoue oaeiae ?iaioe c aiae?co ?
oi?aae?iiy ?aaeeiaie iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a a iaooaoieo
neooaoe?yo.
I?aeaeuaiiy aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? i?e oeueiio caaacia/o?oueny caaaeyee
ciaioaiith ianya?a aaa??eieo aeeeae?a aaco, ca?eueoaiith i?iaeoeoeaiino?
aacii?iaiae?a a iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo, caaacia/aiith ii?iaoeaieo
iieaciee?a ?aaeeio (oene, aeaeaoie) o niiaeeaa/?a a oaeeo oiiaao oa ?i.
A?aooaaiiy o?eueee oaeoi?a nei?i/aiiy ianya?a aaa??eieo aeeeae?a aaco
caaacia/o? ??/io aeiiii?th aaco a ianyc? 160 oen.o o.i. i?e caaaeueieo
aeo?aoao ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ca aanue ia??iae 21,2 iei a?i. Ieoii?
eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiiy aei??aiththoue 132,2 a?i./o o.i., oa?i?i ieoiiino? –
aeecueei aeaio ?ie?a, ui oaeiae ? aenieei aeiiii?/iei iieacieeii.
9. ?acoeueoaoe oe??? ?iaioe io?eiaee ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a Ia’?aeiaiiio
aeeniao/a?nueeiio oi?aae?ii? AO “Oe?aaci?ii”, oi?aae?iiyo
iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie “Euea?ao?ainaac”, “*a?eaneo?ainaac”,
“Ee?ao?ainaac”, AAO “?AI “AI?I?O?AINAAC” oa EN AeI “Oaaaeeieaaaci?ii” c
ui??/iei caaaeueiei aeiiii?/iei aoaeoii iiiaae 10 iei a?i.
Iaaeae? ieaio?oueny nooo?aa ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo eiiieaen?a aeey aiae?co ? iioei?caoe?? ?aaeei?a
?iaioe NOOA a ii?iaeueieo ? iaooaoieo neooaoe?yo, ?ic?iaeaieo ia iniia?
cai?iiiiiaaieo a aeai?e ?iaio? iiaeaeae, iaoiae?a ? aeai?eoi?a, a
nenoaiao iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?nueeiai oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueieie
aacii?iaiaeaie IAE “Iaooiaac Oe?a?ie”.
Aeioe?eueiei oaeiae ? ?o ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a i?iaeoieo oa
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?inoeoooao oe??? aeoe?iia?ii? eiiiai??, a ?inoeoooao
Iaoe?iiaeueii? aeaaeai?? iaoe Oe?a?ie oa o a?aeiia?aeieo aeueo o/aiaeo
caeeaaeao.
NIENIE INIIAIEO IIOAE?EIAAIEO ?IA?O CAeIAOAA*A
II OAI? AeENA?OAOe??
Eiaaeei I.I., Aeaienthe N.I. Aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy – i??i?eoaoiee iai?yiie
aea?aeaaii? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie. – E.: Oe?a?inuee? aioeeeeiiaaee/i? ciaiiy,
1998. – 506 n.
Eiaaeei I.I. Aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy – aeina?ae, i?iaeaie, ia?niaeoeae. –
Ee?a:
?i-o aeaeo?iaeeiai?ee IAIO, 1997. – 152 n.
Oe?a?ia ia oeyoo aei aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino? /A.O.Aanaae?i,
I.A.Ai?aeie, ?.A.Aaao??i, I.I.??io?i, ?.I.Ea?i, I.I.Eiaaeei, I.I.Eoeee,
A.A.Einotheianueeee, A.?.Iaeueiee, A.A.Iai/aiei, A.A.I?aoiaiee,
I.A.?aioeoi, A.Ae.Neciiaiei, A.?.N?iai?nueeee, ?.?.Noiyiiaa, E.I.*oea?a
/Ca ?aae.I.I.Eiaaeea, I.A.?aioeoia, I.I.Eoeeea, I.I.??io?ia. – E.:
Aaaionoai c ?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy aia?a?? oa aeieia??, 1997. –
228 n.
Eiaaeei I.I., Aeaienthe N.I. Aia?aaoe/ia aaciaea – neeaaeiaa
iaoe?iiaeueii? aaciaee Oe?a?ie. – Ee?a: Aea?aeeiiaia?aicaa?aaeaiiy,
1997. – 90 n.
Eiaaeei I.I., Aeaienthe N.I. Iniaeeaino? oi?ioaaiiy aia?aicaa??aath/i?
iie?oeee a Oe?a?i?. – Ee?a: Aea?aeeiiaia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie, 1996. –
72 n.
Eiaaeei I.I. Ia/enethaaeuei? noaie aeey /enaeueiiai aiae?co aeeiai?ee
?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a // Yeioaoiieiaee e
?ano?ninaa?aaeaiea. – 1999. – ?1. – N.10-15.
Eiaaeei I.I. Aeine?aeaeaiiy ??aiyiue aaciai? aeeiai?ee c aeei?enoaiiyi
iaoiaeo e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a // Yeioaoiieiaee e ?ano?ninaa?aaeaiea. –
1998. – ?6. – N.12-15.
Eiaaeei I.I. I?eioeeie aiae?co oa iioei?caoe?? ?aaeei?a iaa?no?aeueieo
aacii?iaiae?a a Oe?a?i? // Yeioaoiieiaee e ?ano?ninaa?aaeaiea. – 1998. –
?2. – N.30-34.
Eiaaeei I.I. No/aniee noai oa i??i?eoaoi? iai?yiee i?aeaeuaiiy
aia?aiaoaeoeaiino? a aacia?e i?iieneiaino? // Iaooiaa ? aaciaa
i?iieneia?noue. – 1998. – ?5. – N.3.-5.
Eiaaeei I.I. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe iaooiaaciaiai eiiieaeno a 1997 ?ioe? //
Iaooiaa ? aaciaa i?iieneia?noue. – 1998. – ?2. – N.3-6.
Eiaaeei I.I. Iaooiaaciaee eiiieaen Oe?a?ie: caeiaooee oa ia?niaeoeae
//Aia?aaoe/ia aaciaea Oe?a?ie: /eiieee aieeao, oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo. –
E.: Oe?a?inuee? aioeeeeiiaaee/i? ciaiiy, 1998. – N.27 –37.
Eiaaeei I.I. Aiae?c oa iai?yiee aaeineiiaeaiiy iaoiae?a ?ic?aooieo
?aaeei?a ?iaioe iaa?no?aeueieo aacii?iaiae?a // Iiaeie aia?aaoeee. –
1998. – ?3. – N.35-41.
Eiaaeei I.I. Caaaeuei? ?ene aia?aaoe/ii? e?ece a Oe?a?i? // Oaoi?/ia
aeaeo?iaeeiai?ea. – 1997. – ?4. – N. 72-75.
Eiaaeei I.I. Aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy – oeyo aei ye?nieo ci?i a aeiiii?oe?
Oe?a?ie // Iaoa??aee eiioa?aioe?? “Aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a Oe?a?i?”. – Ee?a,
1997. – N. 5-6.
Eiaaeei I.I. Iniiae aoaeoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy iaoe?iiaeueiith nenoaiith
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy // Iaoa??aee I?aeia?iaeii? iaoe.-i?aeo. eiio.
“Aoaeoeai?noue nenoai aeaeo?iaia?aaoeee”. *.1. – Ee?a, 1996. – N. 8.
Eiaaeei I.I., Ea?i ?.I. I?iaeaie aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a Oe?a?i? //
Yeioaoiieiaee e ?ano?ninaa?aaeaiea. – 1995. – ?6. – N.3-8.
Eiaaeei I.I., Aioeueeee A.I. ?ic?iaea iaooiaeo ? aaciaeo ?iaeiaeu
Oe?a?ie: no/aniee noai, i?iaeaie, ia?niaeoeae // Iaoa??aee
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? eiioa?aioe?? “Iaooa ? aac Oe?a?ie”. – O.2. – Ee?a,
Euea?a, 1995. – N. 172-175.
Eiaaeei I.I., ?ia A.I., Ioae?ee ?.A., ?ee?inueeee TH.U. Ieoaiiy
oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano aaciai? i?iieneiaino? a oiiaao ?eieo // Iaooiaa ?
aaciaa i?iieneia?noue. – 1994. -?4. – N. 2-4.
Eiaaeei I.I. C iaae??th ia ia?niaeoeao // Iaooiaa ? aaciaa
i?iieneia?noue. – 1994. – ?4. – N. 2-4.
Eiaaeei I.I. Aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue: nia?aiaiiua i?ei?eoaou ?acaeoey //
Iaooyiay e aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue, 1992. – ?12. – N. 2-3.
Eiaaeei I.I. ?aeiino?oeoeey e oaoie/aneia ia?aaii?oaeaiea II
“Oe?aaci?ii” // Iaooyiay e aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1992. – ?1. – N.
6.
Eiaaeei I.I., In?i/oe C.I. Aei eiioeaioe?? ?icaeoeo aaciai?
i?iieneiaino? Oe?a?ie //Iaooiaa ? aaciaa i?iieneia?noue. – 1992. – ?4. –
N.3-4.
Eiaaeei I.I., A?oaiia A.I., Iuae I.A. Iiuo i?eiaiaiey onoaiiaee YIO-90
aeey iaa?aaa aaca ia neaaaeeia // Iaooyiay e aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. –
1989. – ?4. – N. 29-41.
Eiaaeei I.I. Eioaineoeeaoeey auiina aeeaeeinoe ec aaciauo neaaaeei //
Aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1986. – ?4. – N.8-9.
Eiaaeei I.I., Ai?oeia A.E., Iuae I.A. Iiuo aeooaiey neaaaeei i?e
?aiiioiuo ?aaioao ia Iaoaaneii ianoi?iaeaeaiee // Iaooyiay e aaciaay
i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1986. – ?4. –N.36-37.
Eiaaeei I.I. Yooaeoeaiinoue ?aaiou onoaiiaee iiaeaioiaee e caea/ee aaca
a ieano ia Iiaio?ieoeeii AIE // Aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1985. – ?11.
– N.18-20.
Eiaaeei I.I. Naeeeeia-i?ioeann ia Iiaio?ieoeeii AIE: iiuo, auaiaeu //
Aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1984. – ?2. – N.16-17.
Eiaaeei I.I. Oaaee/aiea noaiaie ecaea/aiey N3+ a onoaiiaeao ION //
Aaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue. – 1983. – ?11. – N.26-27 .
Eiaaeei I.I. Aiaeec ninoiyiey au?aaioee aaciauo, aacieiiaeainaoiuo e
ii?neeo ianoi?iaeaeaiee. ?aoa?aoeaiay eioi?iaoeey // ?ac?aaioea e
yenieoaoaoeey aaciauo e aacieiiaeainaoiuo ianoi?iaeaeaiee. – 1983. – ?6.
– N. 5.
Iaoaio 18304 Oe?a?ie. Niin?a ?ic?iaee iaooiaacieiiaeainaoiiai iieeaaeo c
i?aeo?eioaaiiyi ieanoiaiai oeneo /Cacaeaei ?.A., A?eiai TH.N.,
??coi?iei A.?., A?oaiia A.?., Oieie E.I., Eiaaeei I.I., O??-Na?e?nia
?.I., Aioeueeee A.I. Oee ?.I. – Iioae. 25.12.97, Athe. ?6, 1997.
Iaoaio 16872 Oe?a?ie. Niin?a ?ic?iaee aacieiiaeainaoiiai iieeaaeo c
??ciii?iieeieie ieanoaie / Oee ?.A., E?caiaoeue A.A., Aioeueeee A.I.,
?iaiaeei A.TH., Aoaa?aa ?.N., Inoaiaiei I.O., Eiaaeei I.I. – Iioae.
29.08.97, Athe. ?4, 1997.
A.n.1094950 NNN?. Niinia yenieoaoaoeee aacieiiaeainaoiie neaaaeeiu
/Aaeaiei E.A., Inoao A.Ae., Ia?ouiiaa I.A., Oaaaeaaa A.O., Ceiiaueaaa
E.I., Oanoa?eeiaa ?.A., Eiaaeei I.I., A?oaiia A.E. – Iioae. 01.02.84,
Athe.?20, 1984.
Iniaenoee aianie aaoi?a a iniiaieo ioae?eaoe?yo
?iaioe 2, 6-15, 19-21, 24, 26-29 iaienai? aaoi?ii iniaenoi. O
ae?oeiaaieo i?aoeyo, iioae?eiaaieo o ni?aaaoi?noa? aeena?oaioo
iaeaaeeoue:
[1] – iaa?oiooaaiiy iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ieo iniia iie?oeee
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy;
[3] – ?ic?iaea iaoeiai? eiioeaioe?? oa iniiaieo oaoi?ei-aeiiii?/ieo
iieaciee?a ?aae?caoe?? Eiiieaenii? aea?aeaaii? i?ia?aie
aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy Oe?a?ie;
[4] – iaa?oiooaaiiy iniiaieo iai?yi?a aeinyaiaiiy aia?aaoe/ii? aaciaee
aea?aeaae;
[5] – iaoiaee/i? iniiae oi?ioaaiiy iioeiaeueieo ??ai?a
naiiaia?aicaaacia/aiiy ?aa?ii?a, aaeocae;
[16] – iaa?oiooaaiiy iai?yi?a aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a aea?aeaa? ?
ia?oi/a?aiaeo i??i?eoao?a aia?aaoe/ii? iie?oeee;
[17] – ia iniia? aiae?co ?iaioe iaooiaaciaiai eiiieaeno iieacaii
iaiao?aei?noue i?aeaeuaiiy eiao?oe??io?a iaooiaacia?aeaea/? ia e?ioeaa?e
noaae?? ?ic?iaee iaooiaacieiiaeainaoieo ?iaeiaeu;
[18] – iaiao?aei?noue ia?aaoaeiae ? aaeineiiaeaiiy no?oeoo?e
iaeeaii-aia?aaoe/iiai eiiieaeno, ai?iaaaeaeaiiy aia?aicaa??aath/eo
oaoiieia?e;
[22] – oi?ioaaiiy iniiaieo iai?yi?a ?icaeoeo aaciai? i?iieneiaino?
Oe?a?ie;
[23] – iaa?oiooaaiiy oaoiieia?/ii? noaie i?ae?a??ao i?e?iaeiiai aaco ia
naa?aeeiaei? aeey oieeiaiiy a?ae?aoiooai?aiiy a o?oaii?iaiaeao ?
ca?eueoaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? naa?aeeiaei;
[25] – oaoi?/ia ?aae?caoe?y aeoo?iiy naa?aeeiaeie ?ic/eiii ia e?aeaeyi?e
iniia? i?e ?aiiioieo ?iaioao ia i?ci?e noaae?? ?ic?iaee ?iaeiaeu;
[30] – oaoiieia?/ia noaia caea/ee aiiiaaiii? ??aeeie a ieano aeey
i?aeaeuaiiy iaooiaacieiiaeainaoia?aeaea/? ieanoa;
[31] – oaoiieia?y caea/ee nooiai aaco a ieano aeey ca?eueoaiiy
eiao?oe??ioo ioaaoo ? i?aeaeuaiiy eiiaeainaoia?aeaea/?;
[32] – oaoiieia?/ia noaia caea/ee eiiaeainaoo a cao?oaiee i?ino??,
?ic?iaeaii oiiae iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiiai i?ioeano ae?inaethaaiiy
aaci??aeeiii? noi?o? ? i?iaaaeaiiy i?ioeano ioieiaeaeaiiy i?e?iaeiiai
aaco aeey aeinoaaee niiaeeaa/ai ca?aeii c ae?th/eie noaiaea?oaie.
Aiioaoe??
Eiaaeei I.I. Iaoiaee oa caniae i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy
nenoai o?oaii?ia?aeiiai o?ainii?oo aaco. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a oaoi?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.14.01 – aia?aaoe/i? nenoaie oa eiiieaene – ?inoeooo
caaaeueii? aia?aaoeee IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ae??oaiith i?iaeaie i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoai oi?aae?iiy iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie (IA) oa
?o caaaeueii? aoaeoeaiino? oeyoii aeei?enoaiiy iia?oi?o aeinyaiaiue
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano. O aeena?oaoe?? noiniaii aei ianoaoe?iia?ieo
? onoaeaieo ?aaeei?a IA ?ic?iaeaii iia? /enaeuei? iaoiaee oa aeai?eoie,
ui a?oioothoueny ia caaaeueiiio iaoiae? e?ioeaaeo aeaiaio?a.
Anoaiiaeaii, ui ?ic?iaeai? a aeena?oaoe?? iaoiaee, aeai?eoie oa
i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?ei? eiiieaene ia a?aei?io a?ae a?aeiieo aeathoue
iiaeeea?noue ?ic?aoiaoaaoe oa iioei?coaaoe ?aaeeie neeaaeieo nenoai IA
(aeanyoee eiii?ani?ieo noaioe?e, nioi? o?oaii?iaiae?a), ia aaeeeeo
?ioa?aaeao /ano (e?eueea ae?a), c aaeeeeie e?ieaie ?ioaa?oaaiiy (e?eueea
aiaeei), c iaiao?aeiith oi/i?noth oa neeaaeieie cao?aiiyie (aeanyoee
aeeth/aiue – a?aeeeth/aiue onoaoeoaaiiy). Oaeeie noeoiieie
oa?aeoa?enoeeaie ia aieiae?? aeiaeai c a?aeiieo i?ia?aiii-?ioi?iaoe?eieo
eiiieaen?a aiaeia?/iiai i?ecia/aiiy.
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeieia?th aiae?co aia?aaoe/ii? aoaeoeaiino?, aeeiiaii
aeine?aeaeaiiy iniiaieo iai?yi?a aia?aicaa?aaeaiiy a IA e?a?ie. Iniiai?
?acoeueoaoe i?aoe? ciaeoee i?iieneiaa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a oi?aae?iiyo
iaa?no?aeueieie aacii?iaiaeaie, Ia’?aeiaiiio aeeniao/a?nueeiio
oi?aae?ii? aacio?ainii?oii? nenoaie e?a?ie, i?iaeoieo ?inoeoooao.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue, ia/enethaaeueiee iaoiae,
o?oaii?ia?ae, eiii?ani?ia noaioe?y, ?aaeei ?iaioe, aia?aaoe/ia
aoaeoeai?noue, aiae?c, iioei?caoe?y.
Eiaaeei I.I. Iaoiaeu e n?aaenoaa iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey nenoai o?oaii?iaiaeiiai o?ainii?oa aaca. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a oaoie/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.14.01 – yia?aaoe/aneea nenoaiu e eiiieaenu – Einoeooo
iauae yia?aaoeee IAI Oe?aeiu, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia ?aoaieth i?iaeaiu iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey nenoai oi?aaeaiey iaaeno?aeueiuie aacii?iaiaeaie (IA)
e eo iauae yooaeoeaiinoe iooai i?eiaiaiey iiaaeoeo aeinoeaeaiee
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna.
A ia?aie aeaaa auiieiai aiaeec nenoaiu aaciniaaaeaiey (NAN) eae iauaeoa
oi?aaeaiey e ?acaeoey, oi?ie?iaaiey e no?oeoo?u NAN, enneaaeiaaiu
nouanoaothuea iaoiaeu e n?aaenoaa ?an/aoa ?aaeeiia ooieoeeiie?iaaiey IA.
Iieacaii, /oi iaeiei ec iniiaiuo iai?aaeaiee iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey nenoai o?oaii?iaiaeiiai o?ainii?oa aaca (NOOA)
yaeyaony aiaae?aiea a eo iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?neii oi?aaeaiee
nia?aiaiiuo iaoaiaoe/aneeo iaoiaeia e i?ia?aiiii-eioi?iaoeeiiiuo
n?aaenoa aeey aiaeeca, iioeiecaoeee e oi?aaeaiey ?aaeeiaie eo
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a ii?iaeueiuo e iaooaoiuo neooaoeeyo.
Naeaeai auaiae i oii, /oi a NOOA nouanoaoao neiaeiay e aaaeiay i?iaeaia
iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe eo ooieoeeiie?iaaiey, eioi?ay naiaeeony e
iaeiia?aiaiiiio ?aoaieth neiaeiuo eeannia iao/ii-oaoie/aneeo caaea/:
nicaeaiea yooaeoeaiuo iiaeaeae, iaoiaeia e n?aaenoa aiaeeca e oi?aaeaiey
ianoaoeeiia?iuie ?aaeeiaie aacio?ainii?oiuo nenoai (AON) aeey
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?neiai oi?aaeaiey eie; nicaeaiea yooaeoeaiuo
iaoiaeia e n?aaenoa aiaeeca e iioeiecaoeee onoaiiaeaoeony ?aaeeiia AON;
aiaae?aiea aeinoeaeaiee iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oaoie/aneeo ia?ii?eyoee a NOOA n oeaeueth iiauoaiey eo
yia?aiyooaeoeaiinoe.
Ai aoi?ie aeaaa auiieiaiu aiaeec, ?ac?aaioea e enneaaeiaaiea
iaoaiaoe/aneeo iiaeaeae iauaeoia e nenoai o?oaii?iaiaeiiai o?ainii?oa
aaca. Aeey aiaeeca e iioeiecaoeee onoaiiaeaoeony e ianoaoeeiia?iuo
?aaeeiia IA i?aaeeiaeaii eniieueciaaoue oi/iua (aac i?eiaiyaiuo ae?oaeie
aaoi?aie oi?iuaiee) iiaeaee aaciaie aeeiaieee a o?oaii?iaiaeao.
?ac?aaioaia e enneaaeiaaia iiaeaeue eiii?anni?iie noaioeee (EN),
eioi?ay ioee/aaony io ecaanoiuo oai, /oi a iae aeaoaeueii e ei??aeoii
o/oaiu ana iniiaiua iauaeou: aaciia?aea/eaathuea aa?aaaou (AIA),
aiia?aou aicaeooiiai ioeaaeaeaiey (AII), iaaycee AIA e AII, aoiaeiua e
auoiaeiua oeaeou EN. I?aaeeiaeaiiay iiaeaeue EN yaeyaony iaeaieaa oi/iie
e aeaoaeueiie ec anao ?aiaa ecaanoiuo.
?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeieiaey oi?ie?iaaiey nenoaiiuo iiaeaeae IA e AON ia
iniiaa nenoaiaoe/aneiai eniieueciaaiey i?aaeeiaeaiiuo iiaeaeae
o?oaii?iaiaeia, EN e oceia, eioi?ua oaeaea ioee/athony aunieie
aeaoaeecaoeeae e oi/iinoueth.
A o?aoueae aeaaa i?eiaieoaeueii e o?aaiaieyi aaciaie aeeiaieee a
o?oaii?iaiaeao aia?aua enneaaeiaai iaoiae eiia/iuo yeaiaioia. Auiieiai
aiaeec i?yiioaieueiuo e o?aoaieueiuo neiieaen-yeaiaioia e iieacaii, /oi
aii?ieneiaoeey i?ino?ainoaaiii-a?aiaiiie iaeanoe i?yiioaieueiuie
yeaiaioaie yaeyaony aieaa i?aaeii/oeoaeueiie, iineieueeo iia
iaania/eaaao aaniethoioth onoie/eainoue e iiauoaiioth oi/iinoue.
Enneaaeiaai oaeaea iaoiae eiia/iuo yeaiaioia i?eiaieoaeueii e
noaoeeiia?iui ?aaeeiai o?oaii?iaiaeia.
Ia aaca yoeo iaoiaeia iino?iaiu nenoaiu iaeeiaeiuo aeaaa?ae/aneeo
o?aaiaiee, eioi?ua auee eniieueciaaiu aeey ?an/aoia ?aaeeiia
o?oaii?iaiaeia, a niaianoii n iiaeaeyie EN – aeey ?an/aoia
onoaiiaeaoeony e ianoaoeeiia?iuo ?aaeeiia IA e AON.
Iieacaii, /oi a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe oi/iinoue au/eneaiee n
i?eiaiaieai i?yiioaieueiuo neiieaen-yeaiaioia iiaeao auoue iiauoaia
iooai eniieueciaaiey ne?aiaeeiiauo neiieaen-yeaiaioia.
A /aoaa?oie aeaaa iieacaii, /oi aeey /eneaiiiai ?aoaiey nenoai
iaeeiaeiuo aeaaa?ae/aneeo o?aaiaiee, eioi?uie iienuaathony
onoaiiaeaoeany e ia?aoiaeiua i?ioeannu IA e AON, iaeaieaa oeaeaniia?acii
eniieueciaaoue aeai?eoiu ec eeanna iiaeeoeoee?iaaiiuo iaoiaeia
Iuethoiia. Auiieiaia ?ac?aaioea yeaiaioia au/eneeoaeueiuo noai-iaaycie e
iao?eoe sseiae aeey anao iauaeoia AON. I?e ?aoaiee iieo/aiiuo nenoai
eeiaa?eciaaiiuo o?aaiaiee eniieueciaai iaoiae oaeoi?ecaoeee n
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie eieoaoeeae eneeth/aiey, /oi iicaieeei iiiaie?aoii
nie?aoeoue a?aiy ?an/aoia.
I?aeoeea eniieueciaaiey ?ac?aaioaiiuo au/eneeoaeueiuo noai iieacaea eo
aunieoth nei?inoue noiaeeiinoe (3-5 eoa?aoeee) e aunieoth oi/iinoue.
A iyoie aeaaa eceiaeaiu iniiaiua ?acoeueoaou i?eiaiaiey ?ac?aaioaiiuo
iaoiaeia e n?aaenoa aeey aiaeeca e oi?aaeaiey ?aaeeiaie ?aaiou NOOA.
?ac?aaioaii ianeieueei iiaeeoeeaoeee i?ia?aiiii-eioi?iaoeeiiiiai
eiiieaena (IEE) aeey i?iiuoeaiiiai eniieueciaaiey a nenoaiao
iia?aoeaii-aeeniao/a?neiai oi?aaeaiey IA. IEE aeaao aiciiaeiinoue
?ann/eouaaoue onoaiiaeaoeany e ianoaoeeiia?iua ?aaeeiu i/aiue neiaeiuo e
aieueoeo AON. Iaania/eaathony aieueoea ia?eiaeu ?an/aoa (ianeieueei
nooie), aieueoea oaae ii a?aiaie (aei ianeieueeeo /ania) e iaiaoiaeeiay
oi/iinoue.
Iienaiu ?acoeueoaou i?eiaiaiey ?ac?aaioaiiiai IEE aeey ?an/aoia
?aaeeiia iaeii-, aeaoo- e o?aoieoi/iiai aacii?iaiaeia ni neiaeiuie
aiciouaieyie.
A oanoie aeaaa ?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeieiaey yia?aiyeiiiie/aneiai aiaeeca
yia?aaoe/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey yia?ainaa?aaathueo
ia?ii?eyoee e oaoiieiaee. Ia aa iniiaa i?e iaiin?aaenoaaiiii o/anoee
aaoi?a ?ac?aaioaia Eiiieaeniay ainoaea?noaaiiay i?ia?aiia
yia?ainaa?aaeaiey Oe?aeiu, eioi?ay auea iaeia?aia Eaaeiaoii Ieieno?ia
Oe?aeiu e yaeyaony iniiaiui aeieoiaioii a aeayoaeueiinoe
ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia ii iiauoaieth yia?aaoe/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe
ioa/anoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
Auiieiaii enneaaeiaaiea iauaiia ?aaeueiiai iioaioeeaea
yia?ainaa?aaeaiey a IA Oe?aeiu, eioi?ue ninoaaeyao 2,71 iei o o.o. Ca
n/ao ?aaio ii aiaeeco e iioeiecaoeee ii?iaeueiuo ?aaeeiia IA yeiiiiey
ninoaaeyao 253,6 oun. o o.o., a ii aiaeeco e oi?aaeaieth ?aaeeiaie IA a
iaooaoiuo neooaoeeyo – 160 oun. o o.o.
?acoeueoaou ?aaiou iieo/eee aiaae?aiea a Iauaaeeiaiiii aeeniao/a?neii
oi?aaeaiee AI “Oe?aaci?ii”, oi?aaeaieyo iaaeno?aeueiuie aacii?iaiaeaie
“Eueaiao?ainaac”, “*a?eannuo?ainaac”, “Eeaao?ainaac”, a IAI “EII
“AIEIEO?AINAAC” e EN AI “Oaaaeeieaaaci?ii” n aiaeiaui yeiiiie/aneei
yooaeoii nauoa 10 iei a?i.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue, au/eneeoaeueiue iaoiae,
o?oaii?iaiae, eiii?anni?iay noaioeey, ?aaeei ?aaiou, yia?aaoe/aneay
yooaeoeaiinoue, aiaeec, iioeiecaoeey.
Kovalko M.P. Methods and means for the increase of gas pipelines
transmission systems operation effectiveness. – Manuscript.
Dissertation for the Doctor Degree in specialty 05.14.01 – energy
systems and complexes – Institute for Energy of the National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 1999.
Dissertation deals with the solution of the problem concerning the
increase of effectiveness of the main gas pipelines (MG) management
systems operation and increase of general effectiveness of MG through
the use of the advanced scientific and technical achievements. As to the
nonstationary and steady conditions of MG operation, new numerical
methods and algorithms, based on the general method of finite elements
have been developed. It is observed that methods, algorithms and
software-informational complexes, developed in the dissertation as
compared to the existing ones enable calculation and optimization of the
conditions of the complicated MG systems (dozens of compressor
stations, hundreds of pipelines), during long periods (several days),
with considerable terms of integration (several hours), with required
accuracy and complicated disturbances (dozens times when equipment is
switched on and switched off). No existing similar
software-informational complexes have such combined characteristics.
Methodology of energy efficiency analysis has been developed, assessment
of the main energy conservation directions in MG of the country has been
made. Main results of work have been implemented in the industry:
departments responsible for main pipelines management, United Dispatch
Department of the Ukrainian gas transmission system, research
institutes.
Key words: mathematical model, calculating method, pipeline, compressor
station, conditions of operation, energy efficiency, analysis,
optimization.
I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 04.06.99. Oi?iao 60o90/16. Oi?iao aeaeaiiy
145o215 ni. Iai?? ionaoiee. Ae?oe ionaoiee. Oi.ae?oe.a?e. 2,25.
Iae.-aeae. a?e. 1,76. Oi.-oa?a.a?aea. 2,25. Oe?aae 100 i?ei. Cai. 182
?inoeooo caaaeueii? aia?aaoeee IAI Oe?a?ie. 254070, Ee?a 70,
aoe.Iie?ianueea, 11.
Iie?a?ao?/ia ae?eueieoey ?inoeoooo aeaeo?iaeeiai?ee IAI Oe?a?ie. 252057,
Ee?a, i?ini. Ia?aiiae, 56.
( C 01.01.1999 ?. AO “Oe?aaci?ii” aa?eoei aei neeaaeo Iaoe?iiaeueii?
aeoe?iia?ii? eiiiai?? “Iaooiaac Oe?a?ie”.
( Aeei?enoai? ii??aiyi? oe?ie e?ioey 1996 ?. (oa?i?i cae?i/aiiy
?ic?iaee EAeIAO).
?en. 2. Ai?ieneiaoe?y i?inoi?iai-/aniai? iaeano?
Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter
