IAOe?IIAEUeIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
NEAeI?AIEI NA?A?E AANEEUeIAE*
OAeE 338.12:637.57’65
EII’THIEOO?A ?EIEO I?IAeOEOe?? I’ssNIIAI IOAO?AIEOeOAA
( ia iaoa??aeao i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e AIE Oe?a?ie)
08.06.02 – i?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio oa ia?eaoeia
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
EE?A – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia ia eaoaae?? na?oiaiai n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio OAAI,
Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie
Aaeooei Aaea??e Iaaeiae/ –
Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, aeaeai oaeoeueoaoo aa?a?iiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e na?oiaiai n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
oa ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie
Aoaooeueeee Ieaen?e Aiae??eiae/ –
?inoeooo aa?a?ii? aeiiii?ee OAAI,
aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Ae?a?iaa Ea?ena Aanee?aia
?inoeooo aeiiii?/iiai i?iaiicoaaiiy IAI Oe?a?ie,
iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – ?aaea ii aea/aiith i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI
Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e ?aa?iiaeueieo i?iaeai ?icaeoeo ? ?ici?uaiiy oa?/iai?
i?iieneiaino?, i.Ee?a
Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny 17 /a?aiy 1999 ?ieo i 12 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 26.004.01 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio
aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 252041, i. Ee?a, aoe. Aa?i?a
Iai?iie, 15, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 3, aoae. 65.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 252041, i.Ee?a, aoe.Aa?i?a Iai?iie,
11, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 10.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaii “ 15 ” o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? ?aaee AEaaea A.A.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ia?ao?ae Oe?a?ie aei aeiiii?/ii?
nenoaie c ?eieiaeie canaaeaie noi?iaiaeaeo?oueny aino?ith
caaaeueiiaeiiii?/iith e?ecith. I?e oaeeo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oiiaao
iaiiaeeeai aeinyaoe a?aeiia?aeiiai ??aiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa,
io?eiaoe iaeneiaeueiee i?eaooie, aooe ia?aiiaeoeai a aei?noe?e
eiieo?aioi?e ai?iouea?, ia aeei?enoiaoth/e oaeee aeae ae?yeueiino? ye
ia?eaoeia.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?eaoeiao yaeythoue niaith ca??, ia?iaeo oa aiae?c
aeaieo c iaoith ciaioaiiy iaaecia/aiino?, ui ?nio? i?e i?eeiyo?
ia?eaoeiaiaeo ??oaiue. Oiaoi ?eieia? aeine?aeaeaiiy ? o??th
?ioi?iaoe?eii? aacith aeey aeinyaiaiiy oaeeo oe?eae, ye ?aae?caoe?y
aecia/aiiai ianyao i?iaeaae?a oiaa?o, ?ic?iaea oa aeione ia ?eiie iiaeo
oiaa??a, ?icoe?aiiy ?eieiai? /anoee i?aei?e?inoaa.
Ia?eaoeiaiaa aeine?aeaeaiiy ?eieo a?aeaoaa?oueny a aeaio ?ic??cao:
ioe?iea oeo /e ?ioeo ?eieiaeo ia?aiao??a aeey aeaiiai iiiaioo /ano ?
io?eiaiiy i?iaiicieo cia/aiue. A ia?oo /a?ao ioe?ith?oueny iioi/ia
neooaoe?y ia ?eieo (eii’thieoo?ia neooaoe?y), a iio?i aecia/a?oueny
aaee/eia ?ieino? ?eieo ? a?i naaiaioo?oueny. Caaaeueia iaoa ?eieiaeo
aeine?aeaeaiue iieyaa? o aecia/aii? oiia, i?e yeeo caaacia/o?oueny
iaea?eueo iiaia caaeiaieaiiy iiieoo ianaeaiiy a oiaa?ao aeaiiai aeaeo oa
noai?th?oueny i?aea?oioy aeey aoaeoeaiiai caooo ae?iaeaii? i?iaeoeoe??.
O a?aeiia?aeiino? c oeei iaei??th c aieiaieo caaea/ aea/aiiy ?eieo ?
aiae?c iioi/iiai ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iiieoo oa i?iiiceoe?? ia a?aeiia?aeio
i?iaeoeoe?th c iiaeeea?noth i?iaiico ?ooo oeeo ia?aiao??a ?eieo o
iaeaooiueiio.
Oiio aaaeeeaa i?noea a nenoai? ia?eaoeiaiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue iin?aeathoue
ieoaiiy aea/aiiy oa i?iaiicoaaiiy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e, ye
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei?, ui a?aeia?aaea? ooieoe?iioaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiai iaoai?cio a oe?eiio, oae ? eii’thieoo?e ie?aieo
oiaa?ieo ?eie?a.
I?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e aeicaiey? aecia/eoe oa ioe?ieoe ia?niaeoeae
?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoa c oi/ee ci?o ?ano?nieo iiaeeeainoae, ae?iaie/iai
iioaioe?aeo, nooiaiy caaeiaieaiiy noni?eueieo iio?aa.
Iaoith i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo ? noai?aiiy ?ioi?iaoe?eii? aace,
iaiao?aeii? aeey aeai?o iioeiaeueiiai oeyoo ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoa o
iaeaooiueiio, ui aeicaieeoue ?i a?eueo aio/ei i???iooaaoeny a neeaaeieo
i?ioeanao aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo, ae?iaeyoe a?aeiia?aeio no?aoaa?th
iiaaae?iee ia ?eieo.
C oaeeo iiceoe?e iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ia ii?aoethaaiiy ieoaiue aeiiii?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e iaaoaa? a iao /an i?eioeeiiai iiaiai cia/aiiy ? ci?noo. Oey
ianoaaeia cia/iith i??ith aecia/eea aeooaeuei?noue iaeiiai c
iaeaaaeeea?oeo iai?yie?a ia?eaoeiaiaiai aeine?aeaeaiiy, a naia iiooe
i?aeoiae?a aei i?iaaaeaiiy aiae?co oa i?iaiic aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e,
yeee ae iaeneiaeueii a?aoiaoaaa oaanue eiiieaen i?iaeai, ui aeieeathoue
o oe?e aaeoc?.
Aei aeniiaeo i?i aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai
?eieo i?eaiaeeoue oaeiae aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ca?oa?aeieo ?
a?o/eciyieo oai?aoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, a oaeiae iaaiee iaa?iiaaeaeaiee
aeina?ae c ieoaiiy i?aeoe/ii? ?aae?caoe?? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e.
Ia??iae o?ainoi?iaoe?? aeiiii?/ii? nenoaie Oe?a?ie o ?eieiao
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ieceith iniaeeainoae, cie?aia a?aenooi?noth
aiae?oe/ii? ?ioi?iaoe?eii? aace, iaiaaeai?noth noaoenoe/ii? ?ioi?iaoe??.
Oea aiineoue iaaio niaoeeo?eo o aea/aiiy oa i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e
oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
E??i oiai, aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
coiiaeaia oaeiae iaiao?aei?noth noai?aiiy oai?aoe/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo
?ic?iaie aeey eiie?aoieo oiia ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? ?c a?aooaaiiyi iayaii?
oai?aoe/ii? aace oa aeina?aeo ?icaeiooeo e?a?i.
O ?iaio? ?icaeyaea?oueny eii’thieoo?a ?eieo ioeoe? Oe?a?ie ?c
a?aooaaiiyi eii’thieoo?e na?oiaiai ?eieo oe??? i?iaeoeoe??.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?y
i?aeaioiaeaia a?aeiia?aeii aei ieaio iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue, ui
i?iaiaeyoueny ia eaoaae?? na?oiaiai n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo, a oaeiae oaie, ui aeeiio?oueny ia caiiaeaiiy I?i?noa?noaa
AIE Oe?a?ie (iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0196 U 013091).
Iaoa oa caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ?
eiiieaenia iaa?oiooaaiiy oa ?ic?iaea iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii
aea/aiith i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? o no/anieo
oiiaao.
Aeinyaiaiiy oe??? iaoe coiiaeei ae??oaiiy oaeeo caaea/:
oai?aoe/ii iaa?oiooaaoe iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a” oa
“eii’thieoo?a ?eieo”;
i?iaanoe aiae?c oa ocaaaeueieoe e?oa?aoo?o c ieoaiue aea/aiiy
aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e;
aeaoe ioe?ieo ?nioth/iio noaio aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie oa eii’thieoo?e ?eieo
i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?i?;
cai?iiiioaaoe iaoiaee i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
? cie?aia ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?;
?ic?iaeoe iiaeae? aeey neeaaeaiiy i?iaiico eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna
ioeoe?;
aecia/eoe na?aaeiueino?ieiaee i?iaiic eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? a
Oe?a?i?;
?ic?iaeoe iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee oa iiaeae? iioei?caoe?? ii ?icaeoeo
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa.
I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? noeoii?noue oai?aoe/ieo, iaoiaee/ieo oa
i?aeoe/ieo ieoaiue aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?.
Ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? i?aei?e?inoaa oa i?aai?caoe?? AIE Oe?a?ie, ui
ioiieai? ae?yeuei?noth ia ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa.
Iiaeeaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaaaeaii ia iaoa??aeao i?aei?e?inoa
ae?iaie/iai ia’?aeiaiiy “A?iieoeyioaoii?ii” oa NAAO “Ioaoieiia?iao
“Ooeue/einueeee””.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Eiie?aoi? ?acoeueoaoe, ye?
a?aeia?aaeathoue iaoeiao iiaecio aeine?aeaeaiiy oa aeiinyoueny ia
caoeno, iieyaathoue o ianooiiiio:
aecia/aii no/ania o?aeooaaiiy iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a” oa
“eii’thieoo?a ?eieo”;
iaa?oioiaaii nenoaio iieaciee?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue eii’thieoo?o c
iiae?eii ia caaaeuei? oa /anoeia?;
cai?iiiiiaaii noaie eiiieaeniiai aiae?co oa i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e
oiaa?ieo ?eie?a;
nenoaiaoeciaaii eeaneo?eaoe?th iaoiae?a i?iaiicoaaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e;
?icoe?aii iaoiaeeeo oa iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a
eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?;
aecia/ai? i?iaiici? iieacieee eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? a
Oe?a?i?;
iaa?oioiaai? iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei iioei?caoe?? ?icaeoeo
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe
iieyaa? o iiaeeeaino? aoaeoeaiiai aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeeee aiae?co oa
i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e oiaa?ieo ?eie?a, cie?aia ?eieo i?iaeoeoe??
i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa, ui aeicaiey? i?aei?e?inoaai nai?/anii ?aaaoaaoe
ia ci?ie eii’thieoo?e ?eieo oa a?eueo aoaeoeaii ieaioaaoe naith
ae?yeuei?noue, ?ic?iaeaii iioeiaeueiee ieai ?icaeoeo eiie?aoiiai
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:
ocaaaeueiaii no/ani? oaiaeaioe?? o ?icaeoeo iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia
eii’thieoo?a” oa “eii’thieoo?a ?eieo”;
cai?iiiiiaaia eeaneo?eaoe?y iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e ia /anoeia? oa
caaaeuei?;
aeeeaaeaii iaoiaeeeo aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo;
i?iaaaeaii aiae?c iniiaieo iieaciee?a caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei?
eii’thieoo?e Oe?a?ie;
i?iaaaeaii aiae?c na?oiai? eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai
ioao?aieoeoaa;
i?iaaaeaii aiae?c eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa
a Oe?a?i?;
neeaaeaii na?aaeiueino?ieiaee i?iaiic iniiaieo aeiiii?/ieo
iae?iiieaciee?a Oe?a?ie;
?ic?iaeaii iiaeae? aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e ?eieo
i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa;
cae?eniaii i?iaiic iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai
ioao?aieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeiiia?aeaeeny ia i?aeia?iaei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Neoaeaa AENOAIOI ia
aeiiiiiao n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeei oiaa?iae?iaieeai”(i. Ee?a, 1998
??e), eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo oaeoeueoaoo
aa?a?iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo IAO ( 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 oa 1999 ?ie?a),
iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyaeaeeny ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e na?oiaiai
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo oa aeei?enoiaoaaeeny o ?iaio?
iaae aea?aeaaiith iaoeiaith oaiith, ui aeeiio?oueny ia caiiaeaiiy
I?i?noa?noaa AIE Oe?a?ie “Eii’thieoo?a ?eieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe?? a Oe?a?i?”.
Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue iaae?oeiaaii 4 iaoeia?
noaoo?, ?icae?e o iaa/aeueiiio iin?aieeo oa ca?oe ii aea?aeaai?e
athaeaeaoi?e oai? I?i?noa?noaa AIE (iiia? aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0196 U
013091) caaaeueiei aaoi?nueeei ianyaii 3,2 ae.a.
Ianya oa no?oeoo?a ?iaioe.
Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a,
nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae oa aeiaeaoe?a. Aeeeaaeaia ia 174 noi??ieao
iniiaiiai oaenoo, aeeth/a? 21 oaaeeoeth, 14 ?enoie?a, nienie
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae neeaaea?oueny ?c 205 iiceoe?e.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia? oaeee ieai.
Anooi
?icae?e 1. Oai?aoe/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
1.1 Aaiethoe?y ?icaeoeo iiiyooy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
1.2 Oaeoi?e oi?ioaaiiy eii’thieoo?e oa ?? iieacieee
1.3 Iaoiaeeea aea/aiiy eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo
?icae?e 2. Aiae?c eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa
2.1 Aiae?c caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei? eii’thieoo?e a Oe?a?i?
2.2 Aiae?c oiaa?ii? eii’thieoo?e na?oiaiai ?eieo i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa
2.3 Aiae?c eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?i?
?icae?e 3. I?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? oa ?icaeoeo
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei
3.1 Eeaneo?eaoe?y iaoiae?a i?iaiicoaaiiy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
3.2 I?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?: iaoiaeeea oa
aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue
3.3 I?iaiic eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?i?
3.4 Iioei?caoe?y ??oaiue ii ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao
iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa
Aeniiaee
Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae
Aeiaeaoee
INIIAIEE CI?NO
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie, iaoo, caaea/?, i?aaeiao ?
ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. A?aeia?aaeaii iaoeiao iiaecio, i?aeoe/io
oe?ii?noue, ai?iaaoe?th oa ioae?eaoe?th io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a,
iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a.
A ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oai?aoe/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e” ?icaeyiooa aaiethoe?y iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a” oa
iaaaaeaii no/ani? aniaeoe oeueiai aeiiii?/iiai iiiyooy. O iaoeia?e
e?oa?aoo?? aia?oa oa?i?i “eii’thieoo?a” aeei?enoaii o iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo
ii/aoeo XIX noie?ooy. A/ai?, ui ?icaeaaee oai??th eii’thieoo?e,
aecia/eee ianooii? oa?aeoa?i? ?ene eii’thieoo?e:
ianoae?noue, iino?eia i?ieea?noue oa eieeaaiiy, ye? a?aeia?aaeathoue
ae?th nee, ui aieeaathoue ia eii’thieoo?o a ei?ioeioa?i?iia?e
ia?niaeoea?, aai ?acoeueoao oaeoi??a, ui iathoue aeiaaino?ieiaee oa?i?i
aieeao ia noai ?eieiai? eii’thieoo?e;
aeiyoeiaa noia?a/eea?noue, ui a?aeia?aaea?oueny o iaeii/aniiio aeya?
i?ioeeaaeieo oaiaeaioe?e iaeieo ? oeo aea iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e;
ia??aiii??i?noue;
?aei?noue i?ioeeaaeiinoae, ui neeaaeathoueny a i?ioean? a?aeoai?aiiy
noni?eueiiai eai?oaeo;
?icaeyae i?ioeano a?aeoai?aiiy aaciina?aaeiuei a ?eieiaeo oiiaao.
Aeine?aeaeaiiyie aecia/aii, ui eii’thieoo?o iaiao?aeii ?icaeyaeaoe a
aeaio aniaeoao: a caaaeueiiaeiiii?/iiio (oe?ieiio) oa ia?eaoeiaiaiio
(aocueeiio) ?icoi?ii? oeueiai iiiyooy. A caaaeueiiaeiiii?/iiio –
aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a – oea oi?ia i?iyao ia ?eieo nenoaie oaeoi??a oa
oiia a?aeoai?aiiy a ?o iino?eiiio ?icaeoeo oa aca?iiae??. Oiaoi
i?aaeiaoii eii’thieoo?e ? ?eiie: aiia ioiieth? oaanue i?ioean
a?aeoai?aiiy, ui ?icaeyaea?oueny, ye o /an?, oae ? a i?inoi??. A
eiie?aoieo oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa oi?iith i?iyao aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e ?
a?aeiia?aeia noeoii?noue aeiiii?/ieo ia?aiao??a. O ia?eaoeiaiaiio
?icoi?ii? – aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a – oea noai aeiiii?ee e?a?ie aai
ie?aiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo a oie /e ?ioee ia??iae /ano.
Ioaea, ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e (?ioeie neiaaie
eii’thieoo?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue) iiaea aooe ye ainiiaea?noai e?a?ie a
oe?eiio, oae ? oiaa?iee ?eiie ie?aiiai i?iaeoeoo, yeee iaiao?aeii
?icaeyaeaoe ye nenoaio aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a i?ae ae?iaieeaie oa
niiaeeaa/aie a?aeiia?aeiiai oiaa?o, a oaeiae aca?iia?aeiineie i?ae ieie.
Ca?aene aeo?ea?, ui a caeaaeiino? a?ae aeine?aeaeoaaiiai ia’?eoo
?ic??ciythoue aeaa ??ai? aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e:
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueeo eii’thieoo?o oa eii’thieoo?o oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
Aeaye? a/ai? aeae?eythoue o ie?aiee ??aaiue ua e aaeocaao, ui
a?aeaaeoaeo?oueny a?ae caaaeueiiaaeocaai? eii’thieoo?e.
On? ??ai? aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e iaiao?aeii ?icaeyaeaoe o
eiiieaen?. Oiaoi caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueea eii’thieoo?a oa eii’thieoo?a
oiaa?iiai ?eieo ?icaeyaeathoueny ye oe?ea oa eiai /anoee. Iaeiae
iaoiaeieia?? ?o aeine?aeaeaiiy oa nenoaie iieaciee?a eiaeii?
a?ae??ciythoueny.
Eii’thieoo?a AIE, aaeoc? /e ie?aiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo oi?io?oueny a
eiaeiee iiiaio /ano i?ae aieeaii ??ciiiai?oieo oaeoi??a, aai, ?ioeie
neiaaie, i?e/ei, caaaeyee yeei noai?th?oueny oa /e ?ioa ?eieiaa
neooaoe?y o a?aeiia?aeiee ia??iae /ano(?en.1).
Aieea oaeoi??a, ui oi?iothoue eii’thieoo?o ia caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueeo ?
eii’thieoo?o oiaa?iiai ?eieo iiaeia aecia/eoe ca ianooiiith oi?ioeith:
E = F( O, Oe, N, I ),
aea:
E – eii’thieoo?a, ui aiae?co?oueny;
F – ooieoe?y a?ae cacia/aieo ieae/a oaeoi??a;
O – o?eaae? oaiaeaioe?? (o?aiaee);
Oe – oeeee?/i? oaeoi?e;
N – naciii? oaeoi?e;
I – ia?aaoey?i? oaeoi?e.
Ioaea, eii’thieoo?a a ie?aiee iiiaio ? neeaaeiith aeiiii?/iith
nenoaiith, aeaiaioaie yei? ? oeeee?/i?, o?aiaeia?, naciii? oa aeiaaeeia?
eieeaaiiy.
??ciiiai?oi?noue oaeoi??a, ui aieeaathoue ia aeiiii?eo, noai?ththoue
aaeee? neeaaeiiu? uiaei aecia/aiiy ia?niaeoea ?? ?icaeoeo, iaeiae
iacaaia a ?acoeueoao? aeine?aeaeaiiy nenoaia iieaciee?a c aeinoaoiueith
oi/i?noth aeicaieeoue aecia/eoe no/aniee noai ? ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo
eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo a ei?ioeino?ieia?e, a i?e iaiao?aeiino? – a
aeiaainoi?ia?e ia?niaeoea?.
A oiae? aeine?aeaeaiue noi?ioeueiaaii iniiai? iaoiaee/i? aeiiae, ui
aenoaathoueny aei eii’thieoo?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
Ii-ia?oa, on? yaeua, ui iaoiiaeththoue ?icaeoie eii’thieoo?e ?niothoue a
o?niiio aca?iica’yceo ? aca?iicaeaaeiino?. Aecia/aiiy oeeo ca’yce?a ?
caeaaeiinoae – iaaecae/aeii aaaeeeaee aoai o aeine?aeaeaii? aeiiii?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e, oiaoi aea/aiiy eii’thieoo?e a?aeiia?aeiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo
aac a?aooaaiiy ca’yce?a c ?ioeie ?eieaie e aac aiae?co
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei? eii’thieoo?e oai?aoe/ii iaa??ii, a ia i?aeoeoe?
iiaea i?ecaanoe aei e?oiieo i?i?aooie?a c a?aeiia?aeieie iane?aeeaie.
Ii-ae?oaa, ?icaeoie eii’thieoo?e ??cieo oiaa?ieo ?eie?a
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aeeeth/iith ia??aiii??i?noth, a ?ieiee ?
noia?a/eea?noth ?ooo eii’thieoo?ieo iieaciee?a, oiaoi aaoiiaoe/ia
ia?aianaiiy oaiaeaioe?e aai oaii?a ?icaeoeo caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei?
eii’thieoo?e (/e eii’thieoo?e noi?aeieo ?eie?a) oa eii’thieoo?e
eiie?aoiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo aac a?aooaaiiy oeeo iniaeeainoae iiaea
i?ecaanoe aei a?oaeo, a ?ieiee ? oaoaeueieo iiieeie i?e ioe?ioe? noaio
?eieo.
Ii-o?ao?, noai ia a?eueoino? oiaa?ieo ?eie?a oa?aeoa?eco?oueny
a?aenooi?noth noaa?eueiino? oa ??ceeie eii’thieoo?ieie eieeaaiiyie.
Eii’thieoo?a ia ?nio? iica ?ooii ? ci?iaie. Iiaea ?nioaaoe neooaoe?y,
eiee caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueea eii’thieoo?a o a?aeiinii iae? i?ii?aeee
/ano iaeaea iaci?ith?oueny, a iiieo oa i?iiiceoe?y, oe?ie oa ?io?
eii’thieoo?i? iieacieee ie?aieo oiaa?ieo ?eie?a ia?aaoaathoue o noai?
aeineoue neeueieo eieeaaiue, oiaoi /ano? e ?ieiee aeineoue ??ce? ci?ie
?eieiai? neooaoe?? aeiaaathoue iino?eiiai aea/aiiy eii’thieoo?e. O?eueee
i?e iaia?a?aiino? eii’thieoo?iiai niinoa?aaeaiiy ? iiaeeea?noue
caaacia/eoe nai?/ania ei?aaoaaiiy i?iaiic?a o a?aeiia?aeiino? ?c
ci?iaie ia oiaa?iiio ?eieo.
I?ioean aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e neeaaea?oueny c aeaio aaaeeeaeo
iine?aeiaieo aoai?a:
ia?oee – aiae?c noaio aeiiii?ee /e oiaa?iiai ?eieo;
ae?oaee – ?ic?iaea iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaiiai i?iaiico ?icaeoeo aeaii?
aeiiii?ee /e oiaa?iiai ?eieo, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny.
Iaiao?aeii caa?iooe oaaao ia oa, ui c i?aeoe/ii? oi/ee ci?o i?iaiic ?
e?ioeaaith iaoith eii’thieoo?iiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eiai ci?no iieyaa? o
aecia/aii? iaeaeeae/i? ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee /e oiaa?iiai
?eieo.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Aiae?c eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai
ioao?aieoeoaa” i?iaaaeaii eiiieaeniee aiae?c iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a,
ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueeo eii’thieoo?o, oa iieaciee?a,
ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue noai ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa.
Aiae?c aeiiii?/iiai niaaeo, ui niinoa??aa?oueny a Oe?a?i? c 1990 ?ieo,
aeicaiey? ia?aaeaa/eoe, ui a oeueiio i?ioean? iaiao?aeii ?ic??ciyoe o?e
oeie niaaeo. I?e/iio on? oeie niaaeo, noai?thth/e ?aeeia oe?ea, iathoue,
iaeiae, ??ci? ei?ai?, iaoai?cie oa oi?ie i?iyao.
Ia?oee oei niaaeo aeeeeeaiee nenoaiii-o?ainoi?iaoe?eieie i?ioeanaie, ye?
a?aeaoaathoueny a aeiiii?oe?, oioaeueiei ?oeioaaiiyi ainiiaea?nueeeo
ca’yce?a. Oe?, ia?aaaaeii aeciaaii?, oaeoi?e i?ecaaee aei ii?ooaiiy
ii?iaeueiiai oiaeo a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai i?ioeano. Aeaea?aea niaaeo, ye?
noi?ioaaeeny o noa?? ia?ao, ia?aeoee o ae?iaie/o noa?o. Oeae oei niaaeo
i?eca?a aei eeane/ii? eii’thieoo?ii? e?ece.
Ae?oaee oei niaaeo aeeeeeaiee ciaoe?iaiiyi ia?aiaiai eai?oaeo a
?acoeueoao? aenieiai ??aiy ?ioeyoe??. Ca oeeo oiia ii/aeiny ianiaa
“i?i?aeaiiy” ia?aiaeo eioo?a ?, ye iane?aeie, – ?oeiaoe?y
a?aeiiaethaaeueiiai i?ioeano o noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy. I?e/eie
niaaeo a iniiaiiio iaee aiaeiaaiiee oa?aeoa?. Iane?aeeaie niaaeo oeueiai
oeio noaee ?iaanoeoe?eia oa ieao?aeia e?ece, ui ia?ae?coaaee aeiiii?eo.
O?ao?e oei niaaeo aecia/a?oueny aei?noeie a?ioiai-e?aaeeoieie
iaiaaeaiiyie. Oeae oei niaaeo ni?iaieiaaiee iaiaa?oioiaaii o?eaaeith
a?aie/ii aei?noeith iie?oeeith i?oiaeienaeueii? iiiaoa?ii? noaa?e?caoe??
aeiiii?ee. Aeao?oeeo ? iaiii??ia aei?iaeia/a e?aaeeoieo ?ano?n?a,
iiaeaoeiaee i?aneia, nenoaii? ?aoi?ie, ye? iaaei?aaaeaii caoyaeeny,
iiooee no?aoaa?/iiai ?iaanoi?a, a?oa? i?i?aooiee o i?eaaoecaoe?ei?e
iie?oeoe? noai?eee aoaeo aeiiii?ee, “ui caaeeoa?oueny”. Niaae oeueiai
oeio ia caiaaeoi aeeaieee, i?ioa ia? oaine ia a?aeiinio o?eaae?noue,
yeui nai?/anii ia aianoe ei?aeoeae a aeiiii?/io iie?oeeo. O ?aieao
oeueiai niaaeo aeoeaii aeyaeea naaa no?oeoo?ia e?eca.
Aeey iiaeieaiiy eiaeiiai c oei?a niaaeo iaiao?aei? nai? i?aeoiaee,
?ic?iaea a?aeiia?aeieo ?ino?oiaio?a aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee. Oae, i?ioe
ia?oiai oeio niaaeo iaiao?aeia aoaeoeaia i?eaaoecaoe?eia iie?oeea,
aeaiiiiiie?caoe?y, coneeey aeey ?icaeoeo eiieo?aioe??, caoiaee c
i?i?i?caoe?? o?ainaeoe?eieo aeo?ao ?eieo ? o.ae. Aeey coieiaiiy niaaeo
ae?oaiai ??aiy iaei?eeiyoi?oa aeaaaeaia aioe?ioeyoe?eia iie?oeea,
noai?aiiy iaoai?ci?a ?ica’ycaiiy aca?iii? caai?aiaaiino? i?aei?e?inoa.
O?ao?e oei niaaeo iio?aao? ia?aoiaeo aei iaoiae?a iai?oiaeienaeueii?
o?iainiai? noaa?e?caoe??, ae?iaeaiiy aoaeoeaii? no?oeoo?ii? iie?oeee.
Oeae oei niaaeo ia ia? ia’?eoeaieo ei?ai?a, ine?eueee i?e/eiith eiai ?
?ia?oia aeiiii?/ia iie?oeea o?yaeo, yeee nai?/anii ia ci?iea naiai
eo?no: iiceoeai? aoaeoe iiiaoa?ecio iaiaaeeeeny o?iainiaei naeoi?ii,
aeeeeeaaoe i?ioeeaaei? i?ioeane o ae?iaie/iio naeoi?? aeiiii?ee.
Aiae?c oaiaeaioe?e na?oiaiai ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? iieaco?, ui eiio
i?eoaiaiiee iiooaeiee aea?aeaaiee i?ioaeoe?ii?ci: caoeno aioo??oi?o
?eie?a oa ae?iaiee?a oeyoii aaaaeaiiy aenieeo ieoieo cai??a ? ?iii?oieo
eaio oa ai?ioueaa ca ?eiee caooo ca iaaeaie e?a?ie-ae?iaieea. A na?o?
aenii?oo?oueny ui??/ii aeecueei 7900 oen. o i’yna.
?eiie i’yna ioeoe? ? aeineoue noaa?eueiei na?aae i?iaeoeoiaeo ?eie?a ?
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iacia/ieee ia??iaeaie aeayeiai i?aeaeuaiiy oe?i, a
iniiaiiio a a?oaei? i?nyoe? /a?ac nayoeia? i?eaiooaaiiy ianaeaiiy oa
aeineoue aeiaaeie ia??iaeaie a?aeiinii noaa?eueieo oe?i.
Na?oiaee ?eiie i’yna ii??aiyii iieiaeee – aeecueei 35 ?ie?a. A?i ua
aeaeaeee aei iiaiiai, aai oi/a a /anoeiaiai iane/aiiy. A na?aaeiueiio
??/i? oaiie eiai c?inoaiiy neeaaeathoue 7,9%.
Ie iiaeaii c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui oea ?eiie, yeee ?icaeaa?oueny aeineoue
aeeiai?/ii. Aeaiee aeae i?iaeoeoe?? c eiaeiei ?ieii iaaoaa? ana a?eueoi?
iiioey?iino? caaaeyee nai?i oa?/iaei yeinoyi. A inoaii? ?iee ia
na?oiaiio ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? c’yaeythoueny iia? ae?iaieee oa niiaeeaa/?,
ui ni?ey? ca?eueoaiith ianya?a aenii?oo oa ?iii?oo, a caaaeyee nai?i
oi?eaeueiei o?c?ieia?/iei aeanoeainoyi, ioeoey ?, cae/aeii, i?iaeoeoe?y,
yea io?eio?oueny c ia?, ? aeineoue aeaoaaith – iniaeeai a ii??aiyii? c
iaea?eueo iioe?aieie aeaeaie i’yna: yeiae/eiith oa naeieiith (?en. 2).
Aeoeai?noue ?eieo i’yna a iniiaiiio caeaaeeoue a?ae o?ueio oaeoi??a:
a?ae o?iainiai? neooaoe?? a aeiiii?oe?, a?ae iie?oe/ii? ?
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? noaa?eueiino? oa a?ae ??aiy aea?aeaaiiai
i?ioaeoe?ii?cio.
I?ioeeaaeia neooaoe?y neeaeany ia Oe?a?i?. Ioao?aieoeoai ao?a/a? nai?
iiceoe??. Ca inoaii? o?noue ?ie?a iiaie?a’y ioeoe? ciaioeeiny a?eueo ye
ia o?aoeio. Aeiiii?/ia ne?ooa iaea?ae/ooi?oa aaea?eea ii ioaoioa?iao
eieaeoeaieo ainiiaea?noa – ?c 4,5 oeny/? aeecueei 3 oeny/ caaie?oooaaee
aai naiie?ea?aeoaaeenue. Oea iaaaoeaii iicia/eeiny ia aaeiaiio
ae?iaieoeoa? i?iaeoeoe?? – ae?iaieoeoai i’yna ??cei ciaioeeiny. O?eueee
ca 1996-1997 ?iee iiaie?a’y ciaioeeiny ia 12,8%. Iaea?eueo a?ae/ooii ca
1996-1997 ?iee nei?ioeeiny iiaie?a’y a Aeiiaoeuee?e iaeano? – ia 30,5%,
Ee?anuee?e iaeano? – ia 30,1%, oa a Aaoiiiii?e ?anioae?oe? E?ei – ia
22,4%, a aiia, ye a?aeiii, aoea oeaaiaiii oe?a?inueeiai ioao?aieoeoaa
(?en. 3).
Aieiaieo neeaaeiaeo niaaeo, yeee ?icii/aany o 1990 ?ioe? e, ia
i?aaaeeeee aeaeue, o?eaa? iiiei?, e?eueea. Iaei? c aieiaieo – ianoa/a
iiaiioe?iieo eiia?ei?i?a, ?o iacaaeainiaai?noue ? iaiiaiioe?iia aiae?aey
ioeoe?.
A ca’yceo ?c aeiiii?/iith e?ecith noeoiiee aeio?ae n?i’? oa
na?aaeiueii?ny/ia ca?ia?oia ieaoa ??cei ciaioeeeny, a a?aeiia?aeii, e
ciaioeany ieaoini?iiiaeiee iiieo ianaeaiiy. Oeae oaeo ia i?a ia aieeiooe
ia ianyae niiaeeaaiiy ianaeaiiyi i?iaeoeo?a oa?/oaaiiy, i’yna ioeoe? a
oiio /ene?.
Aaeocue iaeaea e?ea?aeiaaia a noni?eueiiio naeoi?? ae?iaieoeoaa.
C’yaeeanue aeoiea, ui ae?iaieoeoai i’yna ioeoe? nueiaiaei? aeey Oe?a?ie
aeiiii?/ii iaaea?aeia, ai e?a?ia ia ia? aeinoaoiuei? e?eueeino? ei?i?a
aeey ae?iuoaaiiy i’ynii? ioeoe?, /a?ac iecueeee aeeoo?aee ??aaiue
ianaeaiiy ioaoeia i’yni ia ei?enoo?oueny iiieoii oiui.
Oei /anii na?oiaee aeina?ae ia?aeiio? o i?ioeeaaeiiio. O a?eueoino?
e?a?i (a?ae Eeoath ? Ei?a? aei NOA ? Eaiaaee) iaeaeaoaaoa ae?iaieoeoai
i’yna – oea ae?iaieoeoai a?ieea??a. Iaa?oue oaea, a iaaeaaiueiio
ieioeiio iaaaaaoa ia i?iaeoeoia? ?ano?ne e?a?ia, ye ?iae?y, ca inoaii?
25 ?ie?a ca?eueoeea ae?iaieoeoai i’yna a?ieea??a o 25 ?ac?a. ? ia eeoa
?iae?y, a e aaaaoi ?ioeo e?a?i, aea iinoa? ieoaiiy uiaei ca?eueoaiiy
/anoee oaa?eiiiai a?eea a ?aoe?iiao ethaeae, ?aeooue oeei oeyoii. I?i
aaaeeea?noue oeueiai ieoaiiy na?ae/eoue ? oaeee oaeo: i?iaeiaieue/a ?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueea i?aai?caoe?y Ia’?aeiaieo Iaoe?e (OAI),
iiaeath/e aeai? i?i ae?iaieoeoai oa?/iaeo i?iaeoeo?a o na?o? ?
oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo, iaia’yceiai aeae?ey? ie?aiei ?yaeeii ae?iaieoeoai
i?iaeoeo?a ioao?aieoeoaa a e?a?iao Ac?? oa Ao?eee, aea oaiie eiai
?icaeoeo a aeanyoee ?ac?a ia?aaeuothoue na?oia? iieacieee.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “I?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? oa
?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei” ?icaeyioo?
?nioth/? iaoiaee i?iaiicoaaiiy oa i?iaaaeaia eeaneo?eaoe?y inoaii?o,
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e ?eieo
i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa, cae?eniaii i?iaiic ?icaeoeo ?eieo
oe??? i?iaeoeoe??, ?icaeyiooi i?iaeaie iioei?caoe?? ??oaiue ii ?icaeoeo
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa a oiiaao iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa, ?ic?iaeaia aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/ia iiaeaeue niaoe?ae?caoe??
oa eiioeaio?aoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa i’yna ioeoe? ia i?eeeaae? NAAO
“Ioaoieiia?iao “Ooeue/einueeee””.
A caeaaeiino? a?ae oe?eae aeine?aeaeaiiy, no?ieo, aeaoae?caoe?? oa
i?aai?caoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo iaoiaee i?iaiico eeaneo?eothoueny.
Iaea?eueo oe?iei aeei?enoiao?oueny aeiaaeueia eeaneo?eaoe?y, ui
a?oioo?oueny ia iiae?e? iaoiae?a ia e?euee?ni? oa ye?ni?.
Cae/aeii, ?niothoue oa aeineoue oe?iei aeei?enoiaothoueny oaeiae
iaoiaee, ui ia i?aeeyaathoue i?ae aeuaiacaaio eeaneo?eaoe?th.
sse?ni? i?iaiinoe/i? iaoiaee – oea iaoiaee, ui a?oioothoueny ia
ioe?ioe?, ia oi?ioethaaii? iaeaooiueiai neiaaie ca aeiiiiiaith
ethaenueeeo ciaiue oa ?ioo?oe??. Oea, ye i?aaeei, ioe?iee aenia?o?a.
Aiie aeei?enoiaothoueny i?e aeine?aeaeaii? eiiieaenieo, iiaaii
no?oeoo?iaaieo i?iaeai. sse aoei cacia/aii, e??i iaoiae?a ye?niiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy, iaoiaee io?eiaiiy i?iaiico eeaneo?eothoueny ua e ia
e?euee?ni?.
E?euee?ni? iaoiaee i?iaiicoaaiiy – oea ioe?iea iaeaooiueiai ia iniia?
ieioeeo aeaieo ca aeiiiiiaith iaoaiaoe/ieo oa noaoenoe/ieo iaoiae?a.
Aiie aeei?enoiaothoueny i?e ei?ioeino?ieiaiio oa na?aaeiueino?ieiaiio
i?iaiicoaaii?. Nooue iaoiae?a – io?eiaiiy e?euee?nieo aeaieo ia iaeaooi?
a?oiooth/enue ia aeaieo ieioeiai. I?iaeaia oeeo iaoiae?a o oiio, ui
iaiao?aeii neeueia no?oeoo?oaaiiy i?iaeaie.
A aeiiii?/iiio i?iaiicoaaii?, ye i?aaeei, ?nio? eiia?iaoe?y iaoiae?a.
Aeoiaey/e ?c caaaeueieo i?aaee ?ic?iaee aeiiii?/ieo i?iaiic?a oa aa?o/e
aei oaaae niaoeeo?eo oiaa?iiai ?eieo, ?, a?aeiia?aeii, eiai
eii’thieoo?o, ?ic?iaeaia noaia i?iaiico eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
?aa?iio.
Aieiaieie neeaaeiaeie eii’thieoo?ii? neooaoe?? ? ni?aa?aeiioaiiy iiieoo
oa i?iiiceoe??.
I?iaiic ? iaea?eueo aaaeeeaei aoaiii aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e
oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
I?ioean i?iaiico eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo ?icaeyaea?oueny o iaai?e
iine?aeiaiino?:
Ia?oeie ?icaeyaeathoueny aeaye? iaeaieiai?o? iae?iiieacieee.
Ia ae?oaiio aoai? i?iaiico?oueny eii’thieoo?a oiaa?iiai ?eieo.
I?e i?iaiiciaai? eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?, ye ?eieo oiaa?iiai,
aieiaiei iieacieeii ci?ie eii’thieoo?ii? neooaoe?? ? oe?ia ia aeaiee
aeae i?iaeoeoe??.
A?aecia/eii, ui i?iaiicia ci?ia oe?ie ? ooieoe??th a?aeiia?aeieo ci?i
?ioeo iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e aeaiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo. Caaaeath/e ia
niaoeeo?/i? ?ene ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? aieiaieie /eiieeaie ci?ie
eii’thieoo?e oeueiai ?eieo ie iiaeaii aaaaeaoe:
ae?iaieoeoai i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?i?;
niiaeeaaiiy i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?i?;
aenii?o i’yna ioeoe? a Oe?a?io;
?iii?o i’yna ioeoe? c Oe?a?ie.
C?icoi?ei, ui ia ae?iaieoeoai (ye aieiaiee oaeoi?) ia? aieea ??aaiue
aaie?anueeiai i?ioeaioo, ae?iaieoeoai oa caaacia/ai?noue ei?iaie,
/enaeuei?noue i?iaeoeoeaiiai iiaie?a’y ioeoe?, eiai i?iaeoeoeai?noue
oiui.
Niiaeeaaiiy ae oi?io?oueny /a?ac /enaeuei?noue ianaeaiiy, ??aaiue
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, niaoeeo?/i? o?aaeeoe?? niiaeeaaiiy aeaiiai i?iaeoeoo
oa?/oaaiiy (a o./. naciiia) oiui.
A oaaeeoe? 1 iaaaaeaii oa?aeoa?enoeee iiaeaeae, ui cai?iiiiiaai? iaie
aeey i?iaiico iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a (aaeiaee aioo??oi?e
i?iaeoeo(AAI), i?iaeoeoe?y i?iieneiaino?(II), i?iaeoeoe?y n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa(INA)).
Oaaeeoey 1.
Oa?aeoa?enoeee iiaeaeae aeey i?iaiico iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a
Iae?i
iieac-ieee Aeae ooieoe?? Aaniethoia na?aaeiy i?ioeaioia iiieeea, %
Na?aaeiy i?ioeaioia iiieeea, % I?iaiicia cia/aiiy iieacieea, %
1998 ?. 1999 ?. 2000 ?.
AAI
II
4,756
5,8884
6,5589 0,14286
0,3666
1,53993 80,40954
81,82937
91,53654 78,85852
80,19755
91,3826 77,33742
78,59826
91,22899
I?iaiic eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? aaco?oueny oaae ia iiaeaeyo
?aa?an??. Ca aeiiiiiaith e?i?eii? ?aa?an?? ia aac? oi?ioee i?inoi?
aeiiiaioe?eii? e?eai? ie ci?iaiicoaaee niiaeeaaiiy oa ae?iaieoeoai, a ca
aeiiiiiaith iiiaeeiii? ?aa?an?? aecia/eee caaaeueiee i?iaiic
eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna. Caaea/a iniiaiiai i?iaiico oi?ioeth?oueny
ianooiiei /eiii:
ia i?iaiiciee ia??iae aeaoe ioe?ieo ?ooo ??aiy oe?ie ia iniia?
ia?aaeaa/oaaieo ci?i a?oie ?ioeo iieaciee?a, ui a?aeia?aaeathoue aieea
ia eii’thieoo?o aeaiiai ?eieo ??ciiiai?oieo oaeoi??a oeeee?/iiai oa
iaoeeee?/iiai oa?aeoa?o.
Ia iniia? iie?ieiaiai ?aa?an?eiiai iaoiaeo Forward stepw?se io?eiaee
iiaeaeue:
O=3,054732+0,323929X1-0,031012X2+0,026703X3,
aea: O – oe?ia;
X1 – aenii?o i?iaeoeoe??;
X2 – ae?iaieoeoai i’yna;
X3 – niiaeeaaiiy i’yna.
I?aenoaaeaoe aeai? o iiaeaeue ciiaeeii io?eiaoe i?iaiici? ??/i? oe?ie ia
i’yni ioeoe?.
AENIIAEE
O aeniiaeao noi?ioeueiaai? iniiai? i?aenoiee i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
oa aeeeaaeai? i?iiiceoe??, ni?yiiaai? ia iie?auaiiy iaoiaeeee
aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i’yna ioeoe?.
1. Iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a” a no/anieo oiiaao iaiao?aeii
?icoi?oe a aeaio cia/aiiyo:
ia?eaoeiaiaiio – i?ae aeiiii?/iith eii’thieoo?ith ?icoi??oueny noai
aeiiii?ee e?a?ie /e ie?aiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo a oie /e ?ioee ia??iae
/ano;
caaieueiiaeiiii?/iiio – aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a yaey? niaith oi?io
aeyaeaiiy ia ?eieo nenoaie oaeoi??a oa oiia a?aeoai?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa a
?o iino?eiiio ?icaeoeo oa aca?iiae??, o eiie?aoii-?noi?e/ieo oiiaao ?
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaaieie /enaeueieie cia/aiiyie aeiiii?/ieo iieaciee?a.
A?aeiia?aeii aei aeaiiai aecia/aiiy, i?aaeiaoii aeiiii?/ii? eii’thieoo?e
? ?eiie: eii’thieoo?a ioiieth? oaanue i?ioean a?aeoai?aiiy ae?iaieoeoaa;
?icaeyaea?oueny o /an? ? i?inoi??, a eiie?aoii-?noi?e/ieo oiiaao.
Oi?iith aeyaeaiiy ? iieacieee iiieoo oa i?iiiceoe??, ?ooo oe?i oa ?io?
aeiiii?/i? ia?aiao?e.
2. A aeiiii?/i?e oa?i?iieia??, ui aeei?enoiao?oueny a oai???
eii’thieoo?ieo aeine?aeaeaiue, a?aenooiy iaoeiai-iaa?oioiaaia
nenoaiaoecaoe?y iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e. A aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyiooi
eeaneo?eaoe?th ia iniia? iiae?eo iieaciee?a ia /anoeia? oa caaaeuei?.
Cai?iiiiiaaia eeaneo?eaoe?y aeicaiey? e?euee?nii ioe?ieoe iniiai?
ia?aiao?e yaeua a oe?eiio, i?iaiae?coaaoe ie?ai? noi?iie, aecia/eoe
aieiai? oaeoi?e oi?ioaaiiy eii’thieoo?e oa /enaeueii ?o ae?aceoe.
3. A aeena?oaoe?? aeiaiaeeoueny iaiao?aei?noue noai?iai aeio?eiaiiy
eia?ee i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. A?oiooth/enue ia nenoaiiiio i?aeoiae?
oa aeeaeoeoeaiiio iaoiae? i?iiiio?oueny aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e
oiaa?iiai ?eieo ?icii/eiaoe c aeine?aeaeaiiy caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei?
eii’thieoo?e. E??i oiai, iaiao?aeii aeio?eioaaoeny iaoiaee/ieo i?aaee ?
o i?aaeeuei?e iine?aeiaiino? aeine?aeaeoaaoe iieacieee ia eiaeiiio
aoai?. Aoee noi?ioeueiaai? i?aaeea, yeeo iaiao?aeii aeio?eioaaoeny, uia
aeine?aeaeaiiy aoei iaoiaee/ii i?aaeeueiei:
aea/aiiy eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo aac a?aooaaiiy ca’yce?a c ?ioeie
?eieaie e aac aiae?co caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei? eii’thieoo?e oai?aoe/ii
iaa??ii, a ia i?aeoeoe? iiaea i?ecaanoe aei cia/ieo i?i?aooie?a c
a?aeiia?aeieie iane?aeeaie;
aaoiiaoe/ia ia?aianaiiy oaiaeaioe?e aai oaii?a ?icaeoeo
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei? eii’thieoo?e (/e eii’thieoo?e noi?aeieo ?eie?a)
oa eii’thieoo?e eiie?aoiiai oiaa?iiai ?eieo aac a?aooaaiiy oeeo
iniaeeainoae iiaea i?ecaanoe aei a?oaeo, a ?ieiee ? oaoaeueieo iiieeie
i?e ioe?ioe? noaio ?eieo;
/ano? e ?ieiee aeineoue ??ce? ci?ie ?eieiai? neooaoe?? aeiaaathoue
iino?eiiai aea/aiiy eii’thieoo?e. O?eueee i?e iaia?a?aiino?
eii’thieoo?iiai niinoa?aaeaiiy ? iiaeeea?noue caaacia/eoe nai?/ania
ei?aaoaaiiy i?iaiic?a o a?aeiia?aeiino? ?c ci?iaie ia oiaa?iiio ?eieo.
4. Iath/e ca iaoo aecia/aiiy aieeao iae?ina?aaeiaeua (aai
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei? eii’thieoo?e) ia noai ?eieo i?iaeoeoe??
i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa, a oaeiae iath/e iaiao?aei?noue iaa?oiooaaiiy
aeai?o iaoiae?a i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e a aeena?oaoe?ei?e
?iaio? i?iaaaeaiee aiae?c iniiaieo iieaciee?a caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueei?
eii’thieoo?e Oe?a?ie, cie?aia ?iaeaen?a aaeiaiai aioo??oiueiai
i?iaeoeoo, i?iaeoeoe?? i?iieneiaino?, i?iaeoeoe?? n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa.
5. O ?iaio? i?iaaaeaii aiae?c na?oiai? eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe??
i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa. O i?ioean? aiae?co ?ice?eoi niaoeeo?/i? ?ene
oeueiai ?eieo, oaiaeaioe??, ui ?niothoue ia oeueiio ?eieo.
Aieiaia oaiaeaioe?y na?oiaiai ?eieo i’yna ioeoe? — oea iiooaeiee
aea?aeaaiee i?ioaeoe?ii?ci: caoeno aioo??oi?o ?eie?a oa ae?iaiee?a
oeyoii aaaaeaiiy aenieeo ieoieo cai??a ? ?iii?oieo eaio oa ai?ioueaa ca
?eiee caooo ca iaaeaie e?a?ie-ae?iaieea.
6. I?iaaaeaiee a aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? aiae?c oiaa?ii? eii’thieoo?e –
eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa aeicaieea
aecia/eoe i?e/eie niaaeo ae?iaieoeoaa o oe?e aaeoc?. Aieiai? oaeoi?e, ui
aieeaathoue ia oeae ?eiie:
o?iainiaa neooaoe?y a aeiiii?oe?;
iie?oe/ia ? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia noaa?euei?noue;
??aaiue aea?aeaaiiai i?ioaeoe?ii?cio.
7. A caeaaeiino? a?ae oe?eae aeine?aeaeaiiy, no?ieo, aeaoae?caoe?? oa
i?aai?caoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo iaoiaee i?iaiicoaaiiy ne?ae eeaneo?eoaaoe
?c a?aooaaiiyi ye?nieo oa e?euee?nieo ia?aiao??a, ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue
eii’thieoo?o ?eieo. Aecia/eee, ui aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy iaea?eueo i?eaeaoi?
iaoiaee iaoaiaoeei-noaoenoe/ii? aeno?aiieyoe?? oa
aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy.
8. Neeaaeaii na?aaeiueino?ieiaee i?iaiic iniiaieo iae?iiieaciee?a, ui
oa?aeoa?ecothoue noai aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, ia ia??iae aei 2001 ?ieo
aeeth/ii. A ?acoeueoao? i?iaiicoaaiiy io?eiaii aeai?, ui na?ae/aoue –
niaae ae?iaieoeoaa o?eaaoeia, oi/a eiai oaiie oiia?eueiyoueny – ?iaeaen
AAI c ??aiy 82% o 1997 ?ioe? cieceoueny aei 76% o 2001 ?ioe? (100% –
?iaeaen AAI o 1990 ?ioe?). Na?aaeiuei??/iee ??aaiue niaaeo a iaaeao 2
a?aenioe?a.
9. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo i?iaiicoaaiiy iieaciee?a eii’thieoo?e ?eieo
i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa, yea a?oioo?oueny ia ianooiieo aoaiao
i?iaiicoaaiiy:
aecia/athoueny iniiai? iieacieee eii’thieoo?e, ui i?iaiicothoueny;
?ic?iaeythoueny iiaeae? aeey aecia/aieo e?euee?nieo oa?aeoa?enoee;
aecia/athoueny oaeoi?e, ui aieeaathoue ia iieacieee eii’thieoo?e ?eieo
i’yna ioeoe?;
aecia/athoueny ei?aeyoe?ei? oa ?aa?an?ei? caeaaeiino? i?ae iniiaieie
iieacieeaie, ui i?iaiicothoueny;
a?aeaoaa?oueny aea?? iioeiaeueii? i?iaiinoe/ii? iiaeae? iieaciee?a
eii’thieoo?e;
aeine?aeaeothoueny aeia??/? ?ioa?aaee, oiaoi aecia/a?oueny ?aaeuei?noue
aea?aii? iiaeae?.
?ic?iaeai? iiaeae? aeey i?iaiicoaaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe??
i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa. Aecia/eee aca?iica’ycie i?ae caeaaeiei oaeoi?ii
– oe?iith oa iacaeaaeieie – ae?iaieoeoaii, niiaeeaaiiyi oa aenii?oii.
I?iaiic iieacaa, ui aieiaieie neeaaeiaeie oe?ie ia oe?a?inueeiio ?eieo
neeaaeathoue ae?iaieoeoai oa aioo??oi? niiaeeaaiiy. Oe?ia ia i’yni
ioeoe? aei 2001 ?ieo aoaea ?inoe ? neeaaea a?ey 7 a?eaaiue ca e?eia?ai,
a ca ianooii? ?iee a?aeaoaeaoueny iinooiiaa cieaeaiiy oe?ie – a 2005
?ioe? i?iaiicia oe?ia neeaaea 4-4,5 a?eaaiue ca e?eia?ai.
NIENIE IIOAE?EIAAIEO I?AOeUe
Neaei?aiei N.A. Na?oiaee ?eiie i?iaeoeo?a oaa?eiieoeoaa. ?icae?e 3.3.
//Aaeooei A.I. Aeiiii?ea na?oiaiai n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Iaa/aeueiee iin?aiee – E.: IAO, 1996.- 512n. (O ni?aaaoi?noa?). N.
152-186.
Neaei?aiei N.A. I?aai?caoe?y a?ieea?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa a NOA//Iaoa??aee
aeiiia?aeae iaoe. Eiio. I?io.-aeee. Neeaaeo oa ani??aio?a “I?iaeaie
aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno: iiooe, aeinyaiaiiy”- E.: IAO.- 1994. –n.39.
Neaei?aiei N.A. I’ynia ioao?aieoeoai NOA //Aeiiii?ea AIE – 1996.- ?3.-
n. 81-84.
Neaei?aiei N.A. ?icaeoie iiiyooy “aeiiii?/ia eii’thieoo?a”// Iaoeiaee
a?niee Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo. – 1998. – ? 4. – N.
24-31.
Neaei?aiei N.A. ?ioi?iaoe?eia caaacia/aiiy i?ioeano aeine?aeaeaiiy
eii’thieoo?e oiaa?iiai ?eieo //Iaoa??aee i?aeia?iaeii? eiioa?aioe??
“Ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo ?ioi?iaoe?eii-eiinoeueoaoeaieo neoaea AENOAIOI o
n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?”.- E.: Aa?a?ia iaoea, 1998. – N. 63-64.
Neaei?aiei N.A. Eii’thieoo?a ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa
(ia iaoa??aeao i?aei?e?inoa oa i?aai?caoe?e AIE Oe?a?ie).- ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo
iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.02 – i?aei?e?iieoeoai, iaiaaeaeiaio oa
ia?eaoeia. Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii oai?aoe/iei ? i?aeoe/iei ieoaiiyi
aeine?aeaeaiiy eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa. A
?acoeueoao? aeine?aeaeaiiy anoaiiaeai? oaeoi?e oi?ioaaiiy eii’thieoo?e
?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai ioao?aieoeoaa, i?iaaaeaii ?? aiae?c,
?icaeyiooi oai?aoe/i? ieoaiiy aeai?o i?iaiicii? iiaeae? oa cae?eniaii
na?aaeiueino?ieiaee i?iaiic eii’thieoo?e ?eieo i?iaeoeoe?? i’yniiai
ioao?aieoeoaa. Aecia/aii iiaeaeue iioei?caoe?? ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa
a oiiaao iiaeeaeaiiy niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa oa
i?iaaaeaii iioei?caoe?th ia iniia? NAAO “Ioaoieiia?iao
“Ooeue/einueeee””.
Iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enoiaothoueny I?i?noa?noaii
AIE Oe?a?ie o oi?i? i?iiiceoe?e i?e ?ic?iaoe? eioeaioe?? ?aoi?ioaaiiy
aa?a?iiai naeoi?o aeiiii?ee, a oaeiae i?e aeeeaaeaii? eo?n?a “Ia?eaoeia
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?” oa “Na?oiaa aeiiii?ea oa oi?a?aey”
ia eaoaae?? na?oiaiai n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: eii’thieoo?a, i?iaiic, aiae?c, ?eiie, iiaeae?,
iioei?caoe?y, ioao?aieoeoai.
Neaei?aiei N.A. Eiiuthieoo?a ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai ioeoeaaiaenoaa
(ia iaoa?eaeao i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee AIE Oe?aeiu).- ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.02 – i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, iaiaaeaeiaio e
ia?eaoeia. Iaoeeiiaeueiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia oai?aoe/aneei e i?aeoe/aneei aii?inai
enneaaeiaaiey eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai ioeoeaaiaenoaa. A
i?ioeanna enneaaeiaaiey ii?aaeaeaiu oaeoi?u oi?ie?iaaiey eiiuthieoo?u
?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai ioeoeaaiaenoaa, i?iecaaaeai aa aiaeec,
?anniio?aiu oai?aoe/aneea aii?inu auai?a iiaeaee aeey i?iaiice?iaaiey e
naeaeai n?aaeian?i/iue i?iaiic eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai
ioeoeaaiaenoaa. Ii?aaeaeaia iiaeaeue iioeiecaoeee ?acaeoey
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a oneiaeyo oaeoaeaiey niaoeeaeecaoeee e
eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, a oaeaea i?iecaaaeaia iioeiecaoeey ia
iaoa?eaeao NIAI “Ioeoeaeiiaeiao “Ooeue/eineee””.
Iao/iay iiaecia enneaaeiaaiey ninoieo a iinoaiiaea, oai?aoe/aneii
iainiiaaiee e i?aeoe/aneii ?aoaiee eiiieaena i?iaeai enneaaeiaaiey
eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai ioeoeaaiaenoaa.
A i?ioeanna enneaaeiaaiey iieo/aiu neaaeothuea iao/iua ?acoeueoaou:
ii?aaeaeaia nia?aiaiiay o?aeoiaea iiiyoey “yeiiiie/aneay eiiuthieoo?a”;
iainiiaaia nenoaia iieacaoaeae, oa?aeoa?ecothuay eiiuthieoo?o n
?acaeaeaieai eo ia iauea e /anoe/iua;
i?aaeeiaeaia noaia aiaeeca e i?iaiica eiiuthieoo?u oiaa?iiai ?uiea;
ooi/iaia eeanneoeeaoeey iaoiaeia i?iaiice?iaaiey;
?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeeea i?iaiice?iaaiey iieacaoaeae eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea
iyna ioeoeu;
naeaeai i?iaiic eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea iyna ioeoeu a Oe?aeia;
?ac?aaioaiu i?aaeeiaeaiey ii iioeiecaoeee ?aoaiee ii ?acaeoeth
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a oneiaeyo oaeoaeaiey niaoeeaeecaoeee e
eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa.
A ia?aii ?acaeaea “Oai?aoe/aneea iniiau enneaaeiaaiey yeiiiie/aneie
eiiuthieoo?u” ?anniio?aia yaiethoeey iiiyoey yeiiiie/aneay eiiuthieoo?a
e aeaia nia?aiaiiay o?aeoiaea yoiai iiiyoey.
Ai aoi?ii ?acaeaea “Aiaeec eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai
ioeoeaaiaenoaa” i?iaaaeai eiiieaeniue aiaeec iniiaiuo iae?iiieacaoaeae,
oa?aeoa?ecothueo iauaoicyenoaaiioth eiiuthieoo?o a Oe?aeia, e
iieacaoaeae, oa?aeoa?ecothueo eiiuthieoo?o ie?iaiai ?uiea iyna ioeoeu e
eiiuthieoo?o yoiai ?uiea a Oe?aeia.
A o?aoueai ?acaeaea “I?iaiice?iaaiea eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea iyna ioeoeu e
?acaeoey i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a oneiaeyo ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee”
?anniio?aiu nouanoaothuea iaoiaeu i?iaiice?iaaiey e naeaeaia
eeanneoeeaoeey iineaaeieo, ?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeeea i?iaiice?iaaiey
iieacaoaeae eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea i?iaeoeoeee iyniiai ioeoeaaiaenoaa,
naeaeai i?iaiic ?acaeoey i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a oneiaeyo oaeoaeaiey
niaoeeaeecaoeee e eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, ?ac?aaioaia
yeiiiieei-iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue niaoeeaeecaoeee e eiioeaio?aoeee
i?iecaiaenoaa iyna ioeoeu ia i?eia?a NIAI “Ioeoeaeiiaeiao
“Ooeue/eineee””.
A auaiaeao noi?ioee?iaaiu iniiaiua ?acoeueoaou i?iaaaeaiiiai
enneaaeiaaiey. Iie ninoiyo a neaaeothuai:
ii?aaeaeaia nia?aiaiiay o?aeoiaea iiiyoey “yeiiiie/aneay eiiuthieoo?a”;
iainiiaaia nenoaia iieacaoaeae, oa?aeoa?ecothuay eiiuthieoo?o n
?acaeaeaieai eo ia iauea e /anoe/iua;
i?aaeeiaeaia noaia aiaeeca e i?iaiica eiiuthieoo?u oiaa?iiai ?uiea;
i?iaaaeai aiaeec eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea iyna ioeoeu a Oe?aeia;
?ac?aaioaia iaoiaeeea i?iaiice?iaaiey iieacaoaeae eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea
iyna ioeoeu;
ooi/iaia eeanneoeeaoeey iaoiaeia i?iaiice?iaaiey;
?ac?aaioai n?aaeian?i/iue i?iaiic aaciauo iae?iiieacaoaeae,
oa?aeoa?ecothueo ninoiyiea yeiiiieee Oe?aeiu;
naeaeai i?iaiic eiiuthieoo?u ?uiea iyna ioeoeu a Oe?aeia;
?ac?aaioaia yeiiiieei-iaoaiaoe/aneay iiaeaeue niaoeeaeecaoeee e
eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa a oneiaeyo oaeoaeaiey niaoeeaeecaoeee e
eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa;
i?iaaaeai i?iaiic ?acaeoey i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a oneiaeyo oaeoaeaiey
niaoeeaeecaoeee e eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa iyna ioeoeu ia i?eia?a
NIAI “Ioeoeaeiiaeiao “Ooeue/eineee””.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: eiiuthieoo?a, i?iaiic, aiaeec, iiaeaee, ?uiie,
iioeiecaoeey, ioeoeaaiaenoai.
Sydorenko S.V. Market situation of poultry meat production ( by the
materials of poultry farms and Agroindustrial Complex of Ukraine).
The thesis for the scientific degree of the Candidate of Sciences
Economic by specialty 08.06.02 – business, management and marketing.
National Agricultural University, Kyiv, 1999.
The thesis highlights theoretical and practical problems of poultry meat
production market. The factors of poultry meat production market were
researched. They were analyzed and theoretical problems of forecast
model alteration were solved. Midterm forecast of poultry production
market situation was done. The optimization model of entrepreneurship
development under conditions broader specialization and concentration of
production. The optimization was done at Joint Stock Company “Poultry
farm “Tulchynsky”.
The results of researsh are used bu the Ministry of Ukrainian AIC as a
proposal for development of agrarian sector of economy reforming. They
are lectured with the courses “International marketing” and “World
economy and trade” in the Departments of World Agriculture and
International Activity at National Agricultural University of Ukraine.
Key words: market situation, forecast, analys, market, optimization,
model, poultry.
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