I?I?NOA?NOAI INA?OE OE?A?IE
AeIIAOeUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE OI?AA?NEOAO
Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno
OAeE 9.477:980(8-6)
A?aae?oei Aiae??e Aieiaeeie?iae/
IIE?OE*IA OA OI?AIAAEUeII-AEIIII?*IA NI?A?IA?OIEOeOAI OE?A?IE
C EAOEINUeEITH AIA?EEITH
(1994-1997 ??.)
07.00.02 – Anana?oiy ?noi??y
AAOI?AOA?AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe
Aeiiaoeuee – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia o Aeiiaoeueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao?
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao ?noi?e/ieo iaoe,
aeioeaio eaoaae?e anana?oiuei? ?noi???
Aeiiaoeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo
Aa?eoi?eia Na?a?e Aiaoie?eiae/
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
A?eiaieia TH??e A?eai?iae/,
i?ioani? eaoaae?e i?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiinei
oa ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee
Aeiiaoeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo
eaiaeeaeao ?noi?e/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
I?iaacooae?iia ?ai? Ieaenaiae?iae/,
aeioeaio eaoaae?e i?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiinei oa
ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee ?inoeoooo I?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiinei
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Ee?anueeee iaoe?iiaeueiee oi?aa?neoao ?i. Oa?ana
Oaa/aiea, eaoaae?a ?noi??? aoiai?oa?ieo oaeoeueoao?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 15 aeiaoiy 1999 ?ieo i 13 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 11.051.02 ii i?enoaeaeaiith iaoeiaiai
nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe a Aeiiaoeueeiio aea?aeaaiiio
oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 340055, i.Aeiiaoeuee, aoe.Oi?aa?neoaonueea,
24, ?? ei?i., aoae. 32
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Aeiiaoeueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo (340055, i. Aeiiaoeuee, aoe. Oi?aa?neoaonueea,
24)
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “12” aa?aniy 1999 ?ieo
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee I.A.E?ai?a?i
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?icaoaeiaa iacaeaaeii? oe?a?inueei? aea?aeaae o?nii
iia’ycaia c aeeiai?/iei ?icaeoeii ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie,
aecia/aiiyi ?? iniiaieo iai?yie?a c o?aooaaiiyi aeiaaeueieo
aaiiie?oe/ieo ci?i, ye? a?aeaoeeny i?ney ?iciaaeo N?N?.
O ca’yceo c oeei aeey iaoi? e?a?ie aaaeeeai ci?oeithaaoe
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai c oeie ?aa?iiaie, c yeeie a ia??iae ?nioaaiiy
?aaeyinueeiai Nithco aeoeaii ?icaeaaeenue noinoiee. c aea?aeaaaie, ye?
aeeiiothoue aaaeeeao ?ieue o i?aeia?iaei?e oa ?aa?iiaeuei?e iie?oeoe?, ?
aieiae?thoue cia/iei aeiiii?/iei, o?iainiaei oa ?iaanoeoe?eiei
iioaioe?aeii. C e?a?iaie, aea iaoeathoue aeo?aeoe? c Oe?a?ie,
cina?aaeaeaii oe?a?inuee? ae?anii?e, ye? iiaeooue noaoe eaoae?caoi?ii
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa. Naia oaeei ?aa?iiii ? Eaoeinueea Aia?eea ?, a ia?oo
/a?ao, ?? o?e iaea?eueo? e?a?ie – A?aaioeia, A?acee?y, *ee?.
Ia no/aniiio aoai? oe? aea?aeaae aeoeaii aieeaathoue ia iie?oe/io oa
aeiiii?/io neooaoe?th a I?aaeaii?e Aia?eoe? oa ca ?? iaaeaie.
Aeinyaiaiiy A?aaioeie, A?acee?? e *ee? a ?aoi?ioaaii? aeiiii?/ii? ?
iie?oe/ii? nenoaie caaaeueiiaeciai? o na?o?. A A?aaioei? oa A?acee??
iaoeathoue /eneaii? oe?a?inuee? ae?anii?e, ye? caeaoi? ni?eyoe ?icaeoeo
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa. Oe?a?inueea a?iiaaea a Eaoeinuee?e Aia?eoe? ia?aoiao?
a?eueoa 800 oen. /ieia?e, cia/ia /anoeia c yeeo iaoea? a A?aaioei? – 250
oen.; A?acee?? – 300-400oen.; *ee? – aeae?eueea aeanyoe?a oeny/.
Ia??iae 1994-1997 ??. aoa aoaiii noaiiaeaiiy a?aeiinei iacaeaaeii?
Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th oa *ee?.
Aeeiai?ea ?icaeoeo ni?ai?aoe? a iie?oe/i?e oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?e
noa?ao, o noai?aii? i?aaiai? iniiae aca?iia?aeiinei na?ae/eoue i?i
i?oei? iioaioe?ei? iiaeeeaino? eiioaeo?a aeaiiai iai?yieo ciai?oiuei?
iie?oeee Oe?a?ie.
Aaaii?noue oaie iaoiiaeaia oei, ui aeey ?ica’ycaiiy i?iaeai, iia’ycaieo
c iiaeaeueoei ci?oeiaiiyi a?aeiinei i?ae Oe?a?iith ? Eaoeinueeith
Aia?eeith, iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoeny aeina?ae, iaaooee a 1994-1997 ??.
Iaiao?aei?noue iaoeiaiai aiae?co aeaii? oaie aeeeeeaia oei, ui o
a?o/eciyi?e ?noi??ia?ao?? ua ia noai?aii aeiaeii? caaaeueii? i?aoe?, a
ye?e ieoaiiy iie?oe/iiai, oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa
?icaeyioeenue ae eiiieaenii, ii?yae c aea/aiiyi aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace
a?aeiinei. Oea iaoiiaeaii neaaeei caeo/aiiyi o iaoeiaee iio?e aeaieo,
ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue ??aaiue aca?iia?aeiinei o oeeo noa?ao
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
I?aaeiao aeine?aeaeaiiy – iie?oe/i? oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?
a?aeiineie Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th oa *ee? o 1994-1997 ??.
Ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy – ae?yeuei?noue caeiiiaeaa/eo oa aeeiiaa/eo
i?aai?a aeaaee, oi?aiaaeueieo oa i?iieneiaeo aea?aeaaieo, eiia?oe?eieo
no?oeoo? Oe?a?ie oa o?ueio eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo e?a?i. Aiia ia? iai?yiie
ia anoaiiaeaiiy oa ci?oeiaiiy iie?oe/iiai oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?.
O?iiieia?/i? ?aiee i?aoe? ioiieththoue 1994-1997 ??. Ii/aoie ia??iaeo,
iia’ycaiee c? noaae??th caaa?oaiiy ia??iaeo ioi?ieaiiy a?aeiinei, a naia
a?aee?eooy iinieuenoa oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?n?e i?e ieo.
E?ioeaa? ?aiee ?iaioe iaoiiaeai? ia?aoiaeii a?ae ai?ciaee/ieo eiioaeo?a,
?ic?iaee iaoe, caaaeaiue, aecia/aiiyi i??i?eoao?a aei oe?ieiianooaaiiai
? iino?eiiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
Aeaiee ia??iae aeioe?eueii i?ae?icae?eeoe ia aeae?eueea aoai?a, aeey
oeueiai anoaiiaeii oae? /ania? iaae?: 1994-1995 ? 1996-1997 ??.
Cai?iiiiiaaiee aa??aio, iia’ycaiee, ia?o ca ana, c? niaoeeo?eith oa
aeeiai?eith iie?oe/ieo oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei. O ia?o?e
ia??iae aoee ooaaeai? caeiiiaeaa/? aeoe, ye? aecia/eee iai?yiee
aca?iia?aeiinei o ??cieo noa?ao. Iaiao?aeii a?aecia/eoe, ui o noai?aii?
i?aaiai? iniiae ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa aieiaio ?ieue c?a?aee oae? no?oeoo?e
aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee, ye I?i?noa?noai caei?aeiiieo ni?aa (ICN) ?
I?i?noa?noai ciai?oi?o aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a i oi?a?ae? (MCACO) Oe?a?ie.
Aaaeeeaith iiae??th o ?aieao ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa noaa ia?oei io?oe?eiee
a?ceo I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a A?aaioeio, A?acee?th ? *ee?, yeee
noaa naiai ?iaeo i?i?eaii o ni?a?ia?oieoeoa? iaoi? aea?aeaae c o?ueiia
aeuaiacaaieie eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie e?a?iaie.
Ae?oaee aoai (1996-1997 ??.) oa?aeoa?eco?oueny c?inoath/ith aeeiai?eith
eiioaeo?a, cie?aia, ?ic?iaeith aeiaaino?ieiai? i?ia?aie “Eiioeaioe?y
inai?iiy ia?niaeoeaieo aeey oe?a?inueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ?eie?a
Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee ia 1997-2002 ??.”
Iaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaea?oueny c eiiieaeniiai aiae?co
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th ? *ee? ?, aacoth/enue
ia iueiio, ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe iai?yiee, i?iaeaie, ia?niaeoeae a?aeiinei.
Aeoiaey/e c iacaaii? iaoe, aaoi? noaaeoue oae? caaaeaiiy:
– aeine?aeeoe i?ioean noai?aiiy aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace iie?oe/iiai,
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai oa ?iaanoeoe?eiiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, ?? noai i
ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo;
– i?iaiae?coaaoe aeeiai?eo oa ia?niaeoeae iie?oe/ieo aca?iia?aeiinei;
– ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe ??aaiue, i?iaeaie ? ia?niaeoeae
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa;
– aecia/eoe o?iee i cia/aiiy aeey Oe?a?ie aeina?aeo eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo
?aoi?i;
– aeine?aeeoe aieea oe?a?inueei? ae?anii?e ia a?aeiineie Oe?a?ie c
Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith;
– iieacaoe a ?iaio? aaaii?noue i ia?niaeoeai?noue oeo /e ?ioeo iai?yie?a
iie?oe/iiai ? oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
Iayeiaa iiaecia aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? a oiio, ui ia aac? aeinyaiaiue
a?o/eciyii? i ca?oa?aeii? ?noi??ia?ao??, aiae?co iiaeo aeaea?ae
iaoa??ae?a aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa aaca a?aeiinei Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith,
A?acee??th ? *ee?, a oaeiae iie?oe/ia i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai iaoi? e?a?ie c aeaieie eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie
aea?aeaaaie a 1994-1997 ??. a ocaaaeueiaiiio aa??aio? ?icaeyaea?oueny
aia?oa ye ia’?eo niaoe?aeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Ia iniia? aeine?aeaeaiiy caeiiiaeaa/i? ieaooi?ie, eiioaeo?a o aeaio
aeuacacia/aieo noa?ao ?ice?eaa?oueny ?ieue ?inoeooo?a aeaaee Oe?a?ie,
A?aaioeie, A?acee?? ? *ee?, i?iieneiaeo i oi?aiaaeueieo no?oeoo? aeaieo
aea?aeaa o anoaiiaeaii? i ci?oeiaii? noinoie?a. Aaoi? aia?oa iiaea?
anaa?/io oa?aeoa?enoeeo i?aaiai? iniiae aca?iia?aeiinei, ??aiy
iie?oe/iiai i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa o eiiieaeniiio
aa??aio?. E??i oeueiai, aeiiiaiaii i iiaeeaeaii aiae?c aeina?aeo
aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i, ye? a?aeaoaathoueny o Eaoeinuee?e Aia?eoe?.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoe?? iieyaa? a oiio, ui iaoa??ae, yeee o i?e
iiaea?oueny, iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? i?e
i?aeaioiaoe? ocaaaeueithth/eo ?ia?o c ?noi???
oe?a?ii-eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo eiioaeo?a, a eo?nao ?noi??? i?aeia?iaeieo
a?aeiinei oa anana?oiuei? ?noi???, i?e ?ica’ycaii? ieoaiue iia’ycaieo c
i?aeoe/iith ?aae?caoe??th eaoeiiaia?eeainueeiai aaeoi?a ciai?oiuei?
iie?oeee Oe?a?ie (aeey neoaeaiaoe?a i?i?noa?noa i a?aeiinoa).
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeena?oaoe?th iaaiai?aii ia
can?aeaii? eaoaae?e iiai? oa iia?oiuei? ?noi??? Aeiiaoeueeiai
aea?aeoi?aa?neoaoo. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? ciaeoee nai?
a?aeia?aaeaiiy o aeiiia?aeyo ia aoc?anueeeo iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?yo
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Aeiiaoeueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aa?neoaoo, i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? ”No?aeia ?a?iia ?
na?oiaa ni?a?ia?oieoeoai”, i?aeia?iaeiiai iaoeiaiai nai?ia?o ”No?aeia
?a?iia oa na?oiaa ni?a?ia?oieoeoai: i?iaeaie no/aniino?”. I?e
i?iaaaeaii? eaeoe?e i nai?ia?nueeeo caiyoue, ye? aeeth/ai? aei
niaoeeo?no ”Eaoeinueea Aia?eea a no/anieo i?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiineiao”
aeey nooaeaio?a ?noi?e/iiai oaeoeueoaoo AeiiAeO. E??i oiai, iniiai?
iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeeaaeaii o a?ioo?? oa
noaooyo.
NO?OEOO?A ? CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy, aecia/aii eiai
i?aaeiao, iniaeeaino?, iaoo ? caaaeaiiy, oeacaii ia iaoeiao iiaecio i
i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy aeena?oaoe??.
Ia?oee ?icae?e – oea aiae?c noaio iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee oaie, aeaea?ae oa
iaoiaeieia?/ii? aace
Aena?oeaiiy ieoaiue, iia’ycaieo c ?icaeoeii a?aeiinei Oe?a?ie c
Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith a iie?oe/i?e ? oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?e noa?ao, a
oaeiae c aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaith aacith ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa ia?aaeaa/a? aiae?c
?noi??ia?ao?? c cacia/aii? i?iaeaie.
A inoaii? ?iee eiioaeoe Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th ? *ee? noaee
ia’?eoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ?noi?ee?a, aeiiii?no?a, oao?aoe?a ?ioeo aaeocae,
aea, e??i noaoae, i?enay/aieo ?yaeo iai?yie?a iie?oe/iiai ?
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, a?aenooi? ?iaioe, a yeeo ae
eiiieaenii ?icaeyaeaeinue oea ieoaiiy. Oea iaoiiaeth? iaeii/anii ?
a?eueoo neeaaei?noue i?aaeiaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy, ? eiai aeooaeuei?noue.
C iaoith aeaoaeueiiai aiae?co e?oa?aoo?e aaoi? ?iciiae?eea ?? ia /ioe?e
a?oie.
O ?iaioao ia?oi? a?oie iiaeaii caaaeueio oa?aeoa?enoeeo iie?oe/iiai ?
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa Oe?a?ie c Eaoeinueeith
Aia?eeith.
Aei ae?oai? a?oie iaeaaeaoue ioae?eaoe?? i?i aeiiii?/ia ? oi?aiaaeueia
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th ? *ee?. Aeai? ?iaioe
aiae?cothoue aeeiai?eo aca?iia?aeiinei o noa?? ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ii? ?
ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueii? eiiia?aoe??.
O?aoth a?oio neeaee ?iaioe, aaoi?e yeeo aiae?cothoue aeiiii?/i? ?aoi?ie,
ye? cae?eniththoueny o aea?aeaaao I?aaeaiiiai Eiiono i ye?
a?aecia/athoue o?iee, aeooaeuei? aeey Oe?a?ie. O /aoaa?oo a?oio oa?eoee
i?aoe?, i?enay/ai? ?ie? oe?a?inueei? ae?anii?e a Eaoeinuee?e Aiepeoe? o
a?aeiineiao Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?.
Iaiao?aeii a?aecia/eoe oa, ui ia?oee io?oe?eiee a?ceo I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a Eaoeinueeo Aiepeeo c?iaea na?e aianie ? a
?noi??ia?ao?th i?iaeaie. O cia/i?e i???, naia o ca’yceo c i?aeaioiaeith
a?ceoo, yeee i?eaa?ioa oaaao aeine?aeiee?a, aeo?iae?no?a, ii/aee
c’yaeyoeny ?iaioe, i?enay/ai? aeiaia??ii-i?aaia?e aac?, iie?oe/iiio i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiio ni?a?ia?oieoeoao. Ia?o ca ana, i?aoe?, a yeeo
?icaeyaeathoueny ie?ai? iai?yiee a?aeiinei. Aeey i?eeeaaeo iiaeia
iaaanoe noaooth Ae.Iiaeoaiiai a ye?e ?icaeyaea?oueny oi?aiaaeueia
eiiia?aoe?y oa eiioaeoe o oae?e no?aoaa?/i?e aaeoc?, ye
iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy.
Oaeei /eiii, aiae?coth/e ??aaiue iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy,
ie iiaeaii eiinoaooaaoe, ui ?yae iaoeo iiia?aaeiee?a c?iaeee cia/iee
aianie o ?ice?eooy aeayeeo ieoaiue ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa Oe?a?ie c
A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th ? *ee?.
Ie?ai? aniaeoe aeaii? i?iaeaie ua iaaeinoaoiuei aea/ai?, cie?aia
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia. Ia aeaeue, caeeoeeenue aac oaaae niaoe?ae?no?a
oae? aaaeeea? aniaeoe, ye iie?oe/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai a ?aieao
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo ?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?aai?caoe?e, i?aaiaa iniiaa
eiioaeo?a.
Oaeei /eiii, aei oaia??oiueiai /ano a?aenooi? eiiieaeni? aeine?aeaeaiiy
oe??? i?iaeaie, ui oaeiae iaoiiaeei aea?? oaie aeena?oaoe??.
aeaea?aeueia aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ca iioiaeaeaiiyi ? oa?aeoa?ii
aeieoiaioe ? a?o?ai? iaoa??aee c oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ae?icae?eythoueny
ia oae? a?oie:
– caeiiiaeaa/? aeoe;
– iaoa??aee iioi/ieo a?o?a?a ICN oa MCACO (I?i?noa?noai ciai?oi?o
aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a i oipaiaei) Oe?a?ie.
Aei ia?oi? a?oie aeaea?ae iaeaaeaoue oaenoe oaiae i aeiaiai??a,
i?ioieie?a oa ?o i?iaeoe.
Ae?oao a?oio neeaaeathoue iaoa??aee c iioi/ieo a?o?a?a ICN oa MCACO
Oe?a?ie. C aeieoiaio?a, ye? caa??aathoueny a iioi/ieo a?o?aao oeeo aeaio
i?i?noa?noa, ia iao iiaeyae, aeioe?eueii a?aecia/eoe ?ioi?iaoe?ei?
aeia?aeee. O ieo iaaaaeai? aeai? ye i?i aaea oeeaaeai? caeiiiaeaa/?
aeoe, oae ? i?i o?, ui aioothoueny aei i?aeienaiiy, c aeeeaaeaiith
?ioi?iaoe??th i?i nooi?iue aioiaiino? oaiae, i?e/eie, ye? no?eiothoue
oeae i?ioean.
Aeai? aeieoiaioe ioiieththoue oaiaee ye iie?oe/iiai, oae i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai oa?aeoa?o, iaaeath/e oaeei /eiii oeueiio aeaeo
aeaea?ae iniaeeao cia/ei?noue.
Ie iaioo oe?eaa?noue yaeythoue niaith ?ioi?iaoe?eii-aiae?oe/i? aeia?aeee
ICN Oe?a?ie, ye? ?icaeyaeathoue ia?o ca ana iie?oe/i? eiioaeoe, a oaeiae
aeiiii?/i? i oi?aiaaeuei?, aiie a?aeia?aaeathoue aeeiai?eo a?aeiinei
aeeiiaa/eo ? caeiiiaeaa/eo i?aai?a aeaaee.
O iioi/iiio a?o?a? a?aeae?eo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a c
e?a?iaie Aia?eee MCACO Oe?a?ie cina?aaeaeai? oae? aeieoiaioe.
Aiae?oe/i? aeia?aeee i?i oi?aiaaeueio oa aeiiii?/io eiiia?aoe?th Oe?a?ie
c Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith, cie?aia c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th oa *ee?
a?aeia?aaeathoue ia o?eueee noai aca?iia?aeiinei o 90-o ??., aea e
i?noyoue a nia? aiae?c i?iaeai ? ia?niaeoea a?aeiinei. O oeueiio
aeaea?ae? ai?uaii aeai? Aea?aeaaiiai Ieoiiai Eii?oaoo Oe?a?ie i, ui
aaaeeeai, ?ioi?iaoe?th eaoeiiaia?eeainueei? noi?iie, iai?eeeaae, ui??/i?
ca?oe Iaoe?iiaeueiiai ?inoeoooo noaoenoeee ? oeaico A?aaioeie, aeai?
ca?o?a I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiaino? i oo?ecio A?acee?? oa Oi?aae?iiy
i?aeia?iaeieo aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a ICN ?anioae?ee *ee?.
Iniaeeaa i?noea o aeaiiio aeioe? aeaea?ae caeia? “Eiioeaioe?y inai?iiy
ia?niaeoeaieo aeey oe?a?inueeeo oiaa?iae?iaiee?a ?eie?a Eaoeinueei?
Aia?eee ia 1997-2002 ??.”, ?ic?iaeaia niaoe?ae?noaie ?yaeo i?i?noa?noa ?
a?aeiinoa, ine?eueee a i?e o neiioeaio?iaaiiio aeaeyae? iaaeaia
?ioi?iaoe?y i?i aeeiai?eo ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa a 1994-1997 ??., ia?niaeoeae
eiioaeo?a. Oe?eaaeie ? ca?oe i?i ?iaioo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?n?e,
o neeaae? Iinieuenoa Oe?a?ie o I?aaeaii?e Aia?eoe?. Aiie aeathoue
iiaeeea?noue i?aee?aneeoe ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i noaaeaiiy
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo ae?iaiee?a ? oi?aiaaeueieo no?oeoo? aei Oe?a?ie, ??
aeiiii?/iiai iioaioe?aeo.
E?eoe/ia aeei?enoaiiy oeeo aeaea?ae aeicaiey? a?eueo ia’?eoeaii
i?iaiae?coaaoe oa ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe i?noea eaoeiiaia?eeainueeiai aaeoi?a
o ciai?oi?e iie?oeoe? Oe?a?ie, i?iaeaie ? ia?niaeoeae ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
Oaeei /eiii, aeei?enoai? aeaea?aea aeathoue iiaeeea?noue ?aae?coaaoe
iinoaaeai? iaoo i caaaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Iaoiaeieia?/io iniiao aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy neeaaeathoue
iaoeia? i?eioeeie i iaoiaee i?ciaiiy, ye? nie?athoueny ia ae?aeaeoeeo,
aeinyaiaiiy a?o/eciyii? ?noi?e/ii? iaoee, ni?yiiaai? ia ia’?eoeaia
anaa?/ia ina?oeaiiy iiae?e i oaeo?a ?aaeueii? ae?eniino?. ?iaioa
a?oioo?oueny ia i?eioeeiao ?noi?ecio oa ia’?eoeaiino?.
Aaoi? aeoiaeea c iaiao?aeiino? ia’?eoeaii? ioe?iee ae?yeueiino?
caeiiiaeaa/eo ? aeeiiaa/eo i?aai?a aeaaee, a oaeiae th?eaee/ieo in?a,
ye? a?aee o/anoue o ia?aaiai?iiio i?ioean? a nenoai? ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa
i?ae Oe?a?iith c iaeiiai aieo i A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee? c
ae?oaiai.
Ae?oaee ?icae?e “Aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa aaca iie?oe/ieo ?
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei”, i?enay/aiee aiae?co i?aaiai? iniiae
eiioaeo?a Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th i *ee? o noa?? iie?oe/ieo,
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo, ?iaanoeoe?eieo aca?iia?aeiinei.
E??i oa?aeoa?enoeee i?aeienaieo aeieoiaio?a, o aeaiiio ?icae?e?
aiae?cothoueny i?iaeoe oaiae.
Ia?oee i?ae?icae?e “Aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa iniiaa iie?oe/iiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa” ?icaeyaea? aeiaia??iee ooiaeaiaio
ciai?oiueiiie?oe/iiai iai?yieo eiioaeo?a Oe?a?ie ? o?ueio
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo aea?aeaa. Aeey ci?oeiaiiy a?aeiinei o aeai?e noa??,
?aae?caoe?? iaoe?iiaeueieo ?ioa?an?a Oe?a?ie iaiao?aeia caeiiiaeaa/a
aaca, yea a ?aaoethaaea iie?oe/iee ae?aeia. A?ae oiai, iane?eueee a?i
aoaea oni?oiei, caeaaeeoue aaaaoi a /iio aeeiai?ea a?aeiinei, aecia/aiiy
aea?aeaae ye iniiaiiai no6’?eoo i?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiinei, ui ? aeo?aeiith
oi/eith o aca?iia?aeiineiao i?ae e?a?iaie, aea e i?aai?caoe?th,
i?iaaaeaiiy cono??/ae ia io?oe?eiiio ??ai?, i?ae /an yeeo a?aeaoaa?oueny
i?aeienaiiy oaiae, ye? iathoue aaciaee oa?aeoa?.
Aeaia oaiaeaioe?y iaea?eueo ?aeue?oii aeyaey?oueny o a?aeiineiao i?ae
Oe?a?iith oa A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?. I?ae /an io?oe?eiiai a?ceoo
I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a A?aaioeio, A?acee?th oa *ee? aoee
i?aeienai? aeieoiaioe, ye? oi?eathoueny ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa o iie?oe/i?e
noa??.
O A?acee?? aoei oeeaaeaii aeiaia?? i?i ae?oaei? a?aeiineie i
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai i?ae Oe?a?iith i A?acee??th, oaiaee i?i aaca?cia?
i?i?caee i I?ioieie i?i eiinoeueoaoe?? i?ae I?i?noa?noaaie caei?aeiiieo
ni?aa; a A?aaioei? – Aeaeea?aoe?y i?i i?eioeeie a?aeiinei i?ae
A?aaioeinueeith ?anioae?eith e Oe?a?iith, Oaiaea i?i a?aeiiao a?ae a?c
aeey oci6 c aeeieiiaoe/ieie, io?oe?eieie oa neoaeaiaeie ianii?oaie; o
*ee? – Ni?eueia Aeaeea?aoe?y.
Aei aeieoiaio?a, ye? iathoue aaciaee oa?aeoa?, aaoi? a?aeiineoue:
Aeiaia?? i?i ae?oaei? a?aeiineie oa ni?a?ia?oieoeoai i?ae Oe?a?iith i
Oaaea?aoeaiith ?anioae?eith A?acee??th, Aeaeea?aoe?th i?i i?eioeeie
a?aeiinei i?ae Oe?a?iith i A?aaioeinueeith ?anioae?eith, Ni?eueio
Aeaeea?aoe?th, i?aeienaio I?aceaeaioaie Oe?a?ie i *ee?. Naia aiie
aecia/athoue i?eioeeie i iai?yiee a?aeiinei, a oiio /ene? iie?oe/ieo,
iniiaoth/enue ia i?aaiaii? ci?oeithaaoe ae?oaei? eiioaeoe, aeoiaey/e c
??aiii?aaiino?, aca?iii? iiaaae, ii?i I?aai?caoe?? Ia’?aeiaieo Iaoe?e,
aaaeaiiy aeio?eioaaoenue caaaeueiiethaenueeeo oe?iiinoae, i?aa i naiaiae
ethaeeie, ii?i i?aeia?iaeiiai i?aaa.
Aeeeaaeaia o aeuaaeacaieo aeiiiaeaiinoyo aaoi? i?ae?icae?ey? ia oae?
a?oie. Aei iieiaeaiue, ye? iathoue aeiaaeueiee, na?oiaee oa?aeoa?,
iaeaaeaoue: i?aeo?eiea ie?o a onueiio na?o?, iaaeiiouaiiy
?iciianthaeaeaiiy yaea?ii? oa o?i?/ii? ca?i?, aeeiiaiiy i?aeia?iaeieo
ciaia’ycaiue, aeoeaia o/anoue o ?iaio? III.
Oae? ianoaiiae, ye a?aeiiaa a?ae canoinoaaiiy neee o a?aeiineiao,
?ica’ycaii? noia?a/ieo neooaoe?e, iaao?o/aiiy o aioo??oi? ni?aae
aea?aeaa, aeoea?caoe?y iie?oe/iiai ae?aeiao ia ??cieo ??aiyo i?ae
i?aaenoaaieeaie ??cieo a?aeiinoa, iathoue i?aeaea?aeaaiee oa?aeoa?.
O ia??iae, yeee ?icaeyaea?oueny, aoei noai?aii i?aaiao iniiao
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa i?ae ciai?oiueiiie?oe/ieie a?aeiinoaaie Oe?a?ie,
A?acee??, *ee?. C iacaaieie eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie e?a?iaie i?aeienai?
I?ioieiee i?i eiinoeueoaoe?? i?ae I?i?noa?noaaie caei?aeiiieo ni?aa.
Oeae oaeoi? iaaea? iaiao?aei? oaiie iie?oe/iei eiioaeoai ca aeiiiiiaith
o/ano? o aeaiiio i?ioean? i?i?noa?noa, ye? aecia/athoue ciai?oith
iie?oeeo ? noathoue ?i?oe?aoi?aie ia?aaiai?iiai i?ioeano, i?iaaaeaiiy
eiinoeueoaoe?e.
?icaeoeo iie?oe/iiai ae?aeiao ni?eyee Oaiaee i?i oiiae aca?iieo
aaca?ciaeo i?i?cae?a a?iiaaeyi c aeeieiiaoe/ieie /e neoaeaiaeie
ianii?oaie. Aeai? oaiaee i?aeienai? Oe?a?iith c iaeiiai aieo oa
A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th i *ee? c ?ioiai. Aiie caeaoi? iaaeaoe
iiceoeaiiai aieeao ia aeeiai?eo eiioaeo?a i?ae i?aaenoaaieeaie ??cieo
i?i?noa?noa ? a?aeiinoa.
eaoae?coaaoe ?icaeoie iie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei iiaeooue i?ae?aa?iiaeuei?
oaiaee, oiio ui aoaea iaeaaiaeaeaiee eiioaeo c ?aa?iiaie. Aeaiee
iai?yiie aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace ciaoiaeeoueny o noaae?? noaiiaeaiiy,
o?eueee o a?aeiineiao c A?aaioeiith aeinyaiooi iaaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
I?aeienai? aeiiiaeaiino? i?ae Oa?iii?euenueeith iaeanoth oa i?ia?ioe??th
I?n?iian, Oa?e?anueeith iaeanoth oa i?ia?ioe??th Aoaiin-Ae?an,
Euea?anueeith iaeanoth oa i?ia?ioe??th Ei?aeiaa. Ca?aeii c iieiaeaiiyi
aeieoiaio?a, Oe?a?ia ? eaoeiiaia?eeainuee? aea?aeaae aoaeooue
ci?oeithaaoe iie?oe/i? ca’ycee, ni?eyth/e ?icaeoeo eiioaeo?a i?ae
a?iiaaenueeeie ia’?aeiaiiyie oa ?ooaie.
Ii?yae c ooaaeaieie oaiaeaie, ?ic?iaeaii i?iaeo Aeaeea?aoe?? i?i
i?eioeeie iie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei i?ae Oe?a?iith oa A?aaioeinueeith
?anioae?eith. I?iaeo ia aoei i?aeienaii o ?icaeyiooee ia??iae. Aeaia
aeaeea?aoe?y o aeiaaeeo, eiee ?? aoei i?aeienaii, caaacia/eoue i?aaiao
i?aeo?eieo coneeue, ni?yiiaaieo ia ci?oeiaiiy ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa. Oea o
naith /a?ao ni?ey? noai?aiith iiai? na?oiai? iie?oe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii?
nenoaie, yea aeiiiiiaea oei naiei ?icaeoeo aca?iiaea?aeii? eiiia?aoe?? o
??cieo aaeocyo. C i?eeiyooyi Aeaeea?aoe?? i?i i?eioeeie iie?oe/ieo
a?aeiinei i?ae Oe?a?iith oa A?aaioeiith aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa aaca
iie?oe/ieo eiioaeo?a i?eeia noi?iiaaiee aeaeyae ? iiaea iineoaeeoe
i?eeeaaeii o noai?aii? i?aaiaiai caaacia/aiiy ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa o noa??,
yea ?icaeyaea?oueny. O ca’yceo c oeei iaiao?aeii aeoea?coaaoe ?iaioo c
iiaeaeueoiai oi?ioaaiiy aeiaia??ii? iniiae c A?acee??th ? *ee?.
Ianooiia /anoeia ae?oaiai ?icae?eo “I?aaiaee ooiaeaiaio
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei” i?enay/aia aiae?co aeieoiaio?a, ye?
aecia/athoue ni?a?ia?oieoeoai o oe?e iaeano?, a oaeiae i?iaeoai
caeiiiaeaa/eo aeo?a.
O ?aieao ia??iaeo, yeee ?icaeyaea?oueny, oeae iai?yiie aeiaia??iiai
ooiaeaiaioo aeeiai?/ii ?icaeaaany. Aeaia oaiaeaioe?y ia aeiaaeeiaa, oiio
ui i?ney anoaiiaeaiiy aeeieiiaoe/ieo a?aeiinei, a?aee?eooy iinieuenoa ?
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?n?e i?e ieo ia?aae Oe?a?iith ?
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie aea?aeaaaie iinoaei caaaeaiiy ?ic?iaee ?
ioi?ieaiiy i?aaiai? iniiae aeiiii?/ii? oa oi?aiaaeueii? eiiia?aoe??.
Aaaeeeao ?ieue o noai?aii? aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace o oe?e iaeano?
c?a?aee a?ceoe aeaeaaaoe?e, ye? i?aaenoaaeyee aeeiiaa/o oa caeiiiaeaa/o
aeaaee. I?ae /an a?ceoo oe?a?inueei? o?yaeiai? aeaeaaaoe?? o aeiaoi?
1995?. aoee i?aeienai? aeiiiaeaiino?, ye? iaee oi?aiaaeueio oa
aeiiii?/io ni?yiiaai?noue. A A?aaioei? – Oaiaea i?i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai, Aeaeea?aoe?y i?i iai??e
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa o eini?/i?e noa??, o A?acee?? – Oaiaea i?i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai, Ni?eueia aeaeea?aoe?y i?i
iioe?aiiy ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa o ie?iiio aeei?enoaii? eini?/iiai i?inoi?o; o
*ee? – Oaiaea i?i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai i?aeienaia ia
aoea, oiio ui /ee?enueea noi?iia no?eio? i?ioean ?icaeyaeaiiy oaiaee,
iioeaoth/e oea /anii iaaeeaeaiiy anooio Oe?a?ie o AAOO (AOI) Aaia?aeueia
oaiaea i?i oa?eoe ? oi?a?aeth (Anana?oiy Oi?a?aaeueia I?aai?caoe?y), i?e
yeiio aeainoi?iii? a?aeiineie aoaeooue ?aaoethaaoenue a?aeiia?aeieie
iieiaeaiiyie oe??? aaaaoinoi?iiiuei? oaiaee.
Iniiaiith iaoith oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo aeiiiaeaiinoae ? caaacia/aiiy
aa?iii?eiiai ?icaeoeo ??cieo oi?i aeiiii?/iiai oa oi?aiaaeueiiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa ca aeiiiiiaith iaaeaiiy ?aaeeio iaea?eueoiai ni?eyiiy
oi?aiaaeueiei ? aeiiii?/iei eiioaeoai.
Oe?a?ia, A?aaioeia ? A?acee?y i?e noai?aii? oaiae i?eeoea aei
?aeaioe/iiai aa??aioo cae?eniaiiy eiio?ieth ca ?aae?caoe??th iieiaeaiue
i?aeienaieo aeieoiaio?a, a naia aei noai?aiiy i?aeo?yaeiaeo eii?n?e c
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
Iaei??th ?c no?oeoo?, yea aecia/a? ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueio oa
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/io iie?oeeo aea?aeaae, ? Oi?aiaaeueia-I?iieneiaa
Iaeaoa. Oiio ia aeiaaeeiai i?ae Oi?aiaaeueii-I?iieneiaith Iaeaoith
Oe?a?ie oa Iaoe?iiaeueiith Eiioaaea?aoe??th A?acee?? aoei ooaaeaii
oaiaeo i?i ni?a?ia?oieoeoai, i?aeienaio 11 ea?oiy 1996 ?. o noieeoe?
A?acee?? i. A?acee?a. Caaaeyee aeinyaioo?e aeiiiaeaiino? i?aaiaa
caaacia/aiiy io?eiaee coneeey, ni?yiiaai? ia ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ae?eiai?
?ioi?iaoe??, cie?aia, a ?aa?iiao aeey ci?oeiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo ?
oi?aiaaeueieo eiioaeo?a, a oaeiae ia iaaeaiiy i?aeo?eiee i?aei?e?inoaai,
o??iai aeaio e?a?i, ye? i?aaiooue anoaiiaeoe aca?iiaea?aeia
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai, o oiio /ene? ia i?ae?aa?iiaeueiiio ??ai?.
O ia??iae 1994-1997 ??. th?eaee/ia ioi?ieaiiy io?eiaee aeieoiaioe
aaeocaaiai oa?aeoa?o – Aeaeea?aoe?? i?i ni?a?ia?oieoeoai a aaeoc?
inai?iiy einiino i?ae Oe?a?iith oa A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th. O eiaei?e c
Aeaeea?aoe?e i?inoaaeo?oueny ?aeeia nenoaia i?eioeei?a, aeoiaey/e c
yeeo, e?a?ie i?eeoee aei oaiaee. Aei oaeeo iaeaaeaoue: aeei?enoaiiy
eini?/iiai i?inoi?o o?eueee c ie?iith iaoith, ?icaeoie aca?iiaea?aeiiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, iniiaaiiai ia aca?iiiio i?aaiaii? aea?aeaa ?icaeaaoe
a?aeiineie.
Aaea ?ai?oa caaaeai? i?ae?aa?iiaeuei? oaiaee ii?yae c iieiaeaiiyie, ye?
oi?eathoueny ?icaeoeo eiioaeo?a o iie?oe/i?e noa??, i?noyoue onoaiiaee
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai oa?aeoa?o. Iaoa aeaieo aeieoiaio?a – aecia/eoe
iai?yiee ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ieo ? ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueieo ca’yce?a,
iaaeaoe i?aeo?eieo i?aaenoaaieeai ae?eiaeo e?e o ?o eiia?oe?eieo
ni?aaao, caaacia/eoe iai?i ?ioi?iaoe??th, yea noino?oueny aea?aeaaieo ?
eiia?oe?eieo no?oeoo?, ye? i?aaiooue anoaiiaeoe eiioaeoe, i?aai?coaaoe
aenoaaee.
Ii?yae c i?aeienaieie oaiaeaie ?ic?iaeaii oe?eee ?yae i?iaeo?a
aeieoiaio?a, ye? noinothoueny ??cieo aaeocae aeiiii?/ieo ? oi?aiaaeueieo
aca?iia?aeiinei
O oeae aeie aoiaeyoue caeiiiaeaa/? aeoe aaeocaaeo iai?yie?a: Oaiaea i?i
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai o noa?? eai?oaeueiiai aoae?aieoeoaa i?ae O?yaeii
Oe?a?ie oa O?yaeii A?aaioeinueei? ?anioae?ee, Oaiaea i?ae O?yaeii
Oe?a?ie oa O?yaeii ?anioae?ee *ee? i?i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai.
O?ao?e i?ae?icae?e “Aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa iniiaa ?iaanoeoe?eiiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa”, i?enay/aiee aiae?co oaiae i?i ni?eyiiy oa aca?iiee
caoeno ?iaanoeoe?e, oeeaaeaiee Oe?a?iith c A?aaioeiith ? *ee?.
Oaeoi?aie, ye? ni?aaeythoue iiceoeaiee aieea ia oi?ioaaiiy aeiaia??iiai
ooiaeaiaioo, aoee ?iaanoeoe?eia iie?oeea A?aaioeie, *ee?, a oaeiae
caoe?eaaeai?noue Oe?a?ie a caeo/aii? ?iaanoeoe?e.
O?ao?e ?icae?e “Iie?oe/ia oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia aca?iiae?y Oe?a?ie
c Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith” oa?aeoa?eco? a?aeiineie iaoi? e?a?ie c
A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th oa *ee? a iie?oe/i?e ? oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?e
noa?ao, a iueiio i?noeoueny aiae?c eaoeiiaia?eeainueeiai aeina?aeo
aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i ? o?ie?a, aeooaeueieo aeey Oe?a?ie.
O ia?oiio i?ae?icae?e? “Iie?oe/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai Oe?a?ie c
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie aea?aeaaaie” oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aeeiai?ea
iie?oe/ieo eiioaeo?a i?aaenoaaiee?a caeiiiaeaa/eo oa aeeiiaa/eo i?aai?a
aeaaee, aca?iia?aeiinei c i?aeaia?eeainueeeie i?aai?caoe?yie.
I?ney aeciaiiy aea?aeaaii? iacaeaaeiino? Oe?a?ie eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeie
aea?aeaaaie, anoaiiaeaiiy aeeieiiaoe/ieo a?aeiinei, ia?aae iaoith
e?a?iith iinoaea caaea/a ia?aeoe aei cae?eniaiiy i?aeoe/ieo caoiae?a o
noa?? ciai?oiueiiie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei.
Oi/a a 1994-1997 pp. niinoa??aaeanue iaaia aeeiai?ea o a?aeiineiao c
A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?, aiie ia aeeoee ia ??aaiue nai?o
iioaioe?eieo iiaeeeainoae. I?ioa aoee aecia/ai? iai?yiee
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, a naia: cae?eniaiiy iie?oe/iiai ae?aeiao ia piaii
?ioaa?aoe?eieo ia’?aeiaiue, caeiiiaeaa/eo oa aeeiiaa/eo i?aai?a aeaaee.
Iaiaeiaaaeiei oaeoi?ii, yeee aieeaaa i i?iaeiaaeo? aieeaaoe ia ?icaeoie
iie?oe/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, ? ea?aeeiaeuei? ci?ie, ui a?aeaoeeny a
caioi, cie?aia cieeiaiiy a?enueeiai-iie?oe/iiai i?ioenoiyiiy, iineeaiiy
?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a, e??i oeueiai ia iiaeia ia caaaeaoe i?i oa, ui
ia iaio cia/io ?ieue a?ae?a?athoue i a?ae?a?aaaee ci?ie, ye? iathoue
ea?aeeiaeueiee oa?aeoa?, ye? a?aeaoaathoueny a Oe?a?i?. O ca’yceo c
oeei, iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui iaoa e?a?ia, eiee aoiaeeea aei neeaaeo
C?CP, cae?enithaaea eiioaeoe c aea?aeaaaie Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee ia?o ca
ana ii e?i?? III (i oeae oaeo iaaea? iaaii? aeeiai?ee aca?iiae??),
Oe?a?i? aeiaaeinue caeeaaeaoe ooiaeaiaio iie?oe/ieo a?aeiinei.
?icaeyaeath/e ni?a?ia?oieoeoai Oe?a?ie oa ?ioaa?aoe?eieo ia’?aeiaiue,
iaiao?aeii i?aee?aneeoe ianooiia. Oe?a?ia neiioeaio?oaaea coneeey ia
?icaeoeia? eiioaeo?a c I?aai?caoe??th Aia?eeainueeeo Aea?aeaa (IAAe), a
eio?o aoiaeyoue A?acee?y, *ee?, a ?aieao eio?i? aeoeaii i?aoeth?
A?aaioeia ?acii c ?ioeie aea?aeaaaie ?aa?iio.
C 1994 ?. Oe?a?ia iaea?aeaea noaoon niinoa??aa/a a aeai?e i?aai?caoe??,
naia a oeueiio ?ioe? aiia aia?oa aoea i?enooiy ia can?aeaiiyo
Aaia?aeueii? Anaiaea?.
Iaiao?aeii a?aei?oeoe oa, ui Oe?a?ia, iaea?aeaaoe noaoon niinoa??aa/a a
i?aai?caoe??, io?eiaea iiaeeea?noue iaaiai?thaaoe oe?ieee niaeo? ieoaiue
ia o?eueee iie?oe/ii?, aea i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ii? aca?iiae??.
Ianooiiith no?oeoo?ith, c yeith Oe?a?ia ?icaeaa? a?aeiineie, ? ?oo
Iai?e?aeiaiiy. O ieai? ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?
aca?iica’ycee c ?ooii ia ? i??i?eoaoiei iai?yieii /a?ac ??aaiue
eiioaeo?a aeaieo e?a?i c oe??th no?oeoo?ith. Aea, iacaaaeath/e ia oea,
ia aa?oi iaaeiioe?ithaaoe a?aeiineie o ?aieao ?ooo Iai?e?aeiaiiy.
Cia/io ?ieue o noaiiaeaii? e ?icaeoeo iie?oe/iiai ae?aeiao i?ae
aea?aeaaaie a?ae?a?aee a?ceoe aeaeaaaoe?e, cono??/? i?aaenoaaiee?a
caeiiiaeaa/i? oa aeeiiaa/i? a?eie aeaaee Oe?a?ie e eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo
e?a?i o 1994-1997 pp. a?aeaoany ?yae aca?iieo a?ceo?a oe?a?inueeeo,
a?aaioeinueeeo, a?aceeuenueeeo, /ee?enueeeo aeaeaaaoe?e. O o?aaii 1994
p. Oe?a?io a?aea?aeaea a?oia ni?a?ia?oiee?a I?i?noa?noaa caei?aeiiieo
ni?aa A?aaioeie ia /ie? c ia/aeueieeii oi?aae?iiy e?a?i Oeaio?aeueii? i
No?aeii? ?a?iie Biceioe O?eai, ia ii/aoeo n?/iy 1996 ?. aeaeaaaoe?y ICN
Oe?a?ie ia /ie? c ia?oei canooiieeii i?i?no?a caei?aeiiieo ni?aa Ai?enii
Oa?antheii cono??/aeanue c i?aceaeaioii A?aaioeie Ea?einii Naoeai
Iaiaiii, i?i?no?ii caei?aeiiieo ni?aa A?aei ae? Oaeeith. O oiae? aeaieo
a?ceo?a iaaiai?thaaany oe?eee ?yae ieoaiue aeainoi?iiiueiai
ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, aoee aecia/ai? i??i?eoaoi? iai?yiee o a?aeiineiao.
A?ceoo, yeee a?aeaoany a n?/i? 1996 ?., /a?aaeoaaee aeaa aca?iieo
a?ceoe, eio?? oaeiae iaaeaee aeeiai?ee iie?oe/iei eiioaeoai, a naia a
eeii? 1995 ?. a o?i/enoinoyo c i?eaiaeo ia?aia?aiiy I?aceaeaioa E.Iaiaia
ia oeth iinaaeo a?aea o/anoue aeaeaaaoe?y Oe?a?ie ia /ie? c aen-aieiaith
Aaei?i?no?aoe?? i?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie Ae.Oaaa/ieeii, o na?ii? 1995 ?.
Oe?a?io c io?oe?eiei a?ceoii a?aea?aeaa ia?oee canooiiee i?i?no?a
caei?aeiiieo ni?aa, i?aeia?iaeii? oi?a?ae? e eoeueoo?e A?aaioeie
O.Iao?aea.
O?ii?ea aca?iia?aeiinei o noa?? iie?oeee i?ae Oe?a?iith oa A?acee??th
ia? aeaeyae oaeiai /eio.
O Iueth-Ei?eo, 28 aa?aniy 1994 ?., a?aeaoeanue cono??/ c i?i?no?ii
caei?aeiiieo ni?aa A?acee?? O.Eaii?a?i, eio?a aeoea?coaaea iie?oe/iee
ae?aeia. Aeeiai?ee oeueiio aaeoi?o iaaeaee ia?aaiai?e, eio?? a?aeaoeenue
i?ae /an o?i/enoinoae, i?enay/aieo ?iaao?aoe?? I?aceaeaioa A?acee??
O.Ea?aeici, a yeeo a?aea o/anoue oe?a?inueea aeaeaaaoe?y ia /ie? c
ia?oei canooiieeii iiiicopa A.Oa?antheii. O Ee?a?, 16-18 na?iiy 1994 p.,
ia?aaoaaa niaoe?aeueiee iineaiaoeue o?yaeo A?acee??, iinie c iniaeeaeo
aei?o/aiue Ea?ein Ii?ae?a Aapcia c iaoith aea/aiiy iiaeeeainoae aeey
iiaeeaeaiiy iie?oe/ieo i aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei c Oe?a?iith.
Aeainoi?iii? ni?a?ia?oieoeoai i?ae iaoith e?a?iith oa ?anioae?eith *ee?,
a noa?? iie?oe/iiai aeiaeiao, iaea?aeaei iaiao?aeio aeeiai?eo i?ney
cycopi/i A.Oa?anthea c ea??aieoeoaii *ee?, yea a?aeaoeany o n?/i? 1995
?. i?ae /an a?ceoo oe?a?inueei? aeaeaaaoe?? aei Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee.
Aoei ia?aaeaii iniaenoa iineaiiy I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie I?aceaeaioo
A.O?ath, iiiinop caei?aeiiieo ni?aa *ee? I.?inoeuena i?aee?aneea, ui oey
eaoeiiaia?eeainueea e?a?ia aoaea i?eae?eyoe i?ii?eoaoio oaaao, o nai?e
no?aeii-?a?iiaenuee?e iie?oeoe?, Oe?a?i?. Oaeoe/ii oea aoa ia?oee
iie?oe/iee eiioaeo ia oaeiio aenieiio piaii i?ae aeaiia e?a?iaie. Kpii
aecia/aiiy i?noey Oe?a?ie a ciai?oi?e iie?oeoe? *ee?, i?ae /an aeaiiai
a?ceoo aoea caeeaaeaia iniiaa ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa i?ae
ciai?oiueiiie?oe/ieie a?aeiinoaaie aeaio e?a?i.
O na??? cono??/ae i?ae i?aaenoaaieeaie Oe?a?ie, A?aaioeie, A?acee??,
*?e?, iai?aaeaieo ia anoaiiaeaiiy ? ci?oeiaiiy iie?oe/iiai ae?aeiao,
oeaio?aeueia i?noea aa?oi a?aeaanoe io?oe?eiiio a?ceoo I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie aei Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee, yeee a?aeaoany a aeiaoi? 1995
?ieo.
Ii?yae c ?icaeoeii eiioaeoo i?ae i?aaenoaaieeaie aeeiiaa/i? aeaaee a
ia??iae, yeee ?icaeyaea?oueny, aoee iaeaaiaeaeai? i?aeia?eaiaionuee?
ca’ycee. Aac ?aae?caoe?? i?aeoe/ieo e?ie?a o aeaiiio aaeoi?? iaiiaeeeai
aeinyaoe aa?iii?eiiai ?icaeoeo a?aeiinei.
Iniaeeaa i?noea a no?oeoo?? ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa ia?eaiaio?a Oe?a?ie e
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo e?a?i caeia? i?ioean noai?aiiy i?aeia?eaiaionueeeo
a?oi.
Ae?oaee i?ae?icae?e “Aeina?ae aeiiii?/iiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy A?aaioeie,
A?acee??, *ee? aeey Oe?a?ie”. Aaoi? oa?aeoa?eco? ?aoi?iaoe?ei? i?ioeane
o o?ueio eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo aea?aeaaao, oi?ioeth? o?iee, ye? iiaea
aeaeiaooe Oe?a?ia c a?aaioeinueeiai, a?aceeuenueeiai, /ee?enueeiai
aeina?aeo.
O aeena?oaoe?? a?aecia/aii, ui aeioe?eueii aeyaeyoe caaaeuei?
caeiiii??iino?, aea/aoe iiaeeeaino? i?aeoe/iiai canoinoaaiiy ??cieo
aniaeo?a aeiiii?/ii?, o?iainiai?, oi?aiaaeueii? iie?oeee ye
aioo??oiuei?, oae ? ciai?oiuei?, e?a?i ?aa?iio, cie?aia o cae?eniaii?
i?ia?aie i?eaaoecaoe??, caeo/aiiy ?iaanoeoe?e.
O?ao?e i?ae?icae?e “Oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia eiiia?aoe?y oa aca?iiae?y a
?iaanoeoe?ei?e noa??”, i?enay/aiee ni?a?ia?oieoeoao o oe?e noa?? Oe?a?ie
c A?aaioeinueeith ?anioae?eith, A?acee??th ? *ee? o 1994-1997 ??.
Ia no/aniiio aoai? Oe?a?ia ana a?eueo oiaaiaii ii/eia? caeiaoe nai?
i?noea a nenoai? i?aeia?iaeieo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei.
O oae? aeieaiini? ia??iaee, ??aii ye ? a ianooii?. ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ia
? ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueia iie?oeea iiaeiia a?ae??ciyoenue
aeaeaeiaeyaei?noth, caeaoi?noth a?aecia/aiiy iioaioe?aeueieo ia?oia??a,
yea aaco?oueny ia caaacia/aii? iaoe?iiaeueieo ?ioa?an?a.
Iaeiei ?c aaeoi??a o aaaaoiaaeoi?i?e iie?oeoe? Oe?a?ie a oe?e noa?? ?
eaoeiiaia?eeainueeee iai?yiie, a naia a?aeiinei c A?aaioeiith,
A?acee??th, *ee?.
Ne?ae a?aei?oeoe, ui i?ioyaii ia??iaeo, ui ?icaeyaea?oueny, a ?noi???
oe?a?ii-eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei
iaea?eueo aino?ith i?iaeaiith aoei oa, ui iinoaaee i?iaeoeoe?? a
A?aaioeio, A?acee?th, *?e? cae?enithaaeenue /a?ac ia’?aeiaiiy, ui o
iaaeaaiueiio ieioeiio iineee caaaeueiinithciee noaoon, a oaia? ia?aeoee
i?ae th?enaeeeoe?th ?in?? “Aia?aiiaoaenii?o” – iaeia c oaeeo no?oeoo?, o
ca’yceo c oeei Oe?a?ia ciooaia aeoiaeeoe ia eaoeiiaia?eeainueeee ?eiie
/a?ac ?in?enueeeo iina?aaeiee?a.
?icaeyaeath/e oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai, ia iiaeia ia
caaaeaoe i?i oa, ui ni?eyei aecia/aiith i??i?eoaoieo iai?yie?a a
aeiiii?/i?e ? oi?aiaaeuei?e eiiia?aoe??, a naia i?i ia?aaiai?e i?ae
i?aaenoaaieeaie i?i?noa?noa ? a?aeiinoa, ae?eiaeo e?e i?i ae?aeia, ui
ni?ey? oe??ieaiith aca?iiae?? ca eiie?aoieie aaeoi?aie.
Aeeiai?ea ia?aaiai?iiai i?ioeano aeaeyaea? oaeei /eiii.
?yae cono??/ae, ye? a?aeaoeenue i?ioyaii 1994-1995 ??., caoaa?aeeee ?
iaaaci?aenoaaii, oaco i?i oa, ui oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia
ni?a?ia?oieoeoai ? iaea?eueo ia?niaeoeaiei iai?yieii o a?aeiineiao i?ae
aeaiia e?a?iaie. Iathoueny ia oaac? oae? a?ceoe: o o?aai? 1994 ?. iaoo
e?a?io a?aea?aeaea aeaeaaaoe?y I?i?noa?noaa ?iicaiieo ni?aa A?aaioeie ia
/ie? c ea??aieeii Oi?aae?iiy Oeaio?aeueii? ? No?aeii? ?a?iie A?naioa
O?eai, a?aeaoeenue ia?aaiai?e o I?i?noa?noa? ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ieo
ca’yce?a ? oi?a?ae? Oe?a?ie, I?i?noa?noa? aeiiii?ee; o n?/i? 1995 ?.
aeaeaaaoe?y ICN Oe?a?ie ia /ie? c Ia?oei canooiieeii i?i?no?a ?iicaiieo
ni?aa A.?.Oa?antheii a?aea?aeaea Aoaiin-Ae?an, a?aeaoeanue cono??/ c
i?i?no?ii aeiiii?ee Aeii?iai Eiaaeeith, o oiae? yei? iaaiai?thaaeenue
ieoaiiy aeiiii?/iiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy. Ieoaiiy, iia’ycai? c aeiiii?/iith ?
oi?aiaaeueiith aca?iiae??th, ?icaeyaeaeenue i?ae /an ia?aaiai??a o Ee?a?
c ia?oei canooiieeii i?i?no?a ?iicaiieo ni?aa i?aeia?iaeii? oi?a?ae? ?
eoeueoo?e, Aea?aenae?aoa?y c ieoaiue ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee A?aaioeinueei?
?anioae?ee Oa?iaiaei Iao?ae?, ui a?aeaoeenue o ea?oi? 1995 ?.
Iaaeaoe ?iioeuen ?icaeoeo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei iiaea
aca?iiae?y c Oiiaeii ai?eciioaeueiiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, ui ae?? i?e ICN
A?aaioeie. Aeaia no?oeoo?a ae?? a ?aieao i?ia?aie III c iaaeaiiy
oaoi?/ii? ? eiinoeueoaoeaii? aeiiiiiae e?a?iai c ia?ao?aeiith
aeiiii?eith, oa e?a?iaie, ui ?icaeaathoueny.
Ia iao iiaeyae, cae?eniaiiy i?aeoe/ieo e?ie?a o ni?a?ia?oieoeoa? c
Oiiaeii aeicaieeoue iaea?aeaoe ia o?eueee oae iaiao?aeio i?aeo?eieo a
ia??iae aeiiii?/ii? e?ece, aea e ?icaeaaoe aeaia?/i? eiioaeoe a ?aieao
i?ia?ai, cae?enithaaieo III, a oea iaiaeiaaaeii, a?aoiaoth/e c?inoath/o
?ieue I?aai?caoe?? Ia’?aeiaieo Iaoe?e o i?aeia?iaeieo a?aeiineiao o
no/aniiio na?o?. O o?aai? 1995 ?. a?aeaoany a?ceo a A?aaioeio
oe?a?inueei? aeaeaaaoe?? ia /ie? c canooiieeii i?i?no?a o?iain?a Oe?a?ie
I.Niaieaaei, yeee aoa i?enay/aiee ci?oeiaiith ca’yce?a c Oiiaeii.
Aaeeeo ?ieue o ?icaeoeo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa
a?ae?a?aa a?ceo aaeeei? a?oie i?aaenoaaiee?a a?aaioeinueeeo ae?eiaeo
e?e, ui a?aeaoany o ethoiio 1995 ?. o Ee?a?. Oea aoea iaeia c ia?oeo
cono??/ae, yea noi?iaiaeaeoaaeanue i?aeienaiiyi oe?eiai ?yaeo eiio?aeo?a
aca?iiae?? c oe?a?inueeeie i?aei?e?inoaaie, cie?aia i?i i?iaeaae e?oae?a
ia?ee “AI” oa ?o aeei?enoaiiy o cae?eniaii? aaioaaeieo ia?aaacaiue a
Eaoeinuee?e Aia?eoe?, cae?eniaiiy ni?eueieo i?iaeo?a c aeeiao ?eae ?
ia?aaacaiue aaioaae?a ii?nueeei oeyoii, aa?o?noue o?eueee iaeiiai
i?iaeoo i?i i?iaeaae e?oae?a ca o/anoth a?aaioeinueeiai aieo noaiiaeoeia
200 iei. aeie.
Iaiao?aeii oaeiae caaaeaoe i?i oa, ui a?ceo i?i?no?a ?iicaiieo ni?aa
A?aaioeie A?aei ae? Oaeea, yeee a?aeaoany o e?ioe? aeiaoiy – ia ii/aoeo
eenoiiaaea 1996 ?., aoa ?acoeueoaoii cono??/?, ye? caaaeoaaeenue aeua,
oae ye iaea?aeaia ?ai?oa ?ioi?iaoe?y ? iaaaaeaiee o oiae? ia?aaiai??a
aiae?c noaio, i?iaeai ? ia?niaeoea ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, aeicaieea aeyaeoe
iniaeeao oaaao aeiiii?/iiio aeieo ieoaiue, ?icaeyiooe iiaeeeaino?
ca?eueoaiiy oiaa?iia?ao i?ae Oe?a?iith oa A?aaioeiith, aea/eoe aeeiai?eo
?iaioe iaae oe?eei ?yaeii i?iaeo?a, oaiae aeiiii?/iiai oa?aeoa?o.
Aeuaia?a?aoiaai? a?ceoe, ia iao iiaeyae, a?ae?a?aee aaaeeeao ?ieue a
?noi??? aeaia?/ieo oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo eiioaeo?a. Aiie iieacaee, ui
?nio? aca?iia caoe?eaaeai?noue o ?icaeoeo ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa. A?eueoa
oiai, aeiiii?/ia ? oi?aiaaeueia eiiia?aoe?y caeiyea i??i?eoaoia i?noea o
no?oeoo?? a?aeiinei. sseui a?ceo I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a
Eaoeinueeo Aia?eeo, ui a?aeaoany o aeiaoi? 1995 ?. aoa ni?yiiaaiee ia
?ic?iaeo i?eioeei?a oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ii? aca?iiae??, iiae?ai?
eiioaeoe aeathoue ?iioeuen anoaiiaeaiith ? oe??ieaiith a?aeiinei, ia?o
ca ana o iaaieo noa?ao, caoe?eaaeai?noue o ?icaeoeo ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
A?eueoa oiai, aeiiii?/ia ? oi?aiaaeueia eiiia?aoe?y caeiyea i??i?eoaoia
i?noea a no?oeoo?? a?aeiinei. sseui a?ceo I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a
Eaoeinueeo Aia?eeo, ui a?aeaoany o aeiaoi? 1995 ?. aoa ni?yiiaaiee ia
iiae?ai? eiioaeoe iiaeia c?iaeoe aeniiaie, ui a?i aeaa ?iioeuen
anoaiiaeaiith ? oe??ieaiith a?aeiinei ia?o ca ana o iaaieo noa?ao.
Ia?aae iaoith e?a?iith i?ney iaaoooy iacaeaaeiino? iinoaei caaaeaiiy
anoaiiaeaiiy i?yieo eiioaeo?a c aea?aeaaaie Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee, o oiio
/ene? c A?acee??th, oae ye c ?iciaaeii N?N? no?oeoo?e, ui ea?oaaee
ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/ieie ? ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueieie iia?aoe?yie, ia?aeoee
i?ae eiio?ieue ?in??. Aeeiai?eo i?ioeano ae??oaiiy aeaii? i?iaeaie
iaaeaaaee a?ceoe oe?a?inueeeo ? a?aceeuenueeeo aeaeaaaoe?e.
I?ney anoaiiaeaiiy aeeieiiaoe/ieo a?aeiinei ? a?aee?eooy aeeieiiaoe/ieo
i?aaenoaaieoeoa a?aeaoany oe?eee ?yae cono??/ae, ia yeeo
iaaiai?thaaeenue ieoaiiy aeiiii?/ii? ? oi?aiaaeueii? eiiia?aoe??.
A?ceoe aeaeaaaoe?? ia /ie? c eieeoi?i i?ai’??-i?i?no?ii A.Oie?iei ?
a?oie ia?eaiaioa???a i?ae ea??aieoeoaii ?.Iethua i?iaeaiiino?oaaee, ui
?nio? caoe?eaaeai?noue o ?icaeoeo ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa a ??cieo noa?ao, o
oiio /ene? a oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?e. I?e?cae niaoe?aeueiiai iineaioey
ea??aieoeoaa A?acee??, iinea c iniaeeaeo aei?o/aiue Ea?eina Ii?ae?a
Aa?n?a, ui a?aeaoany 16-18 na?iiy 1994 ?., a oaeiae eiia?oe?eiiai
aee?aeoi?a Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aaieo A?acee?? N.??aana, o /a?ai? 1995 ?.,
aoee ni?yiiaai? ia aeoea?caoe?th oi?aiaaeueieo oa aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei,
cie?aia anoaiiaeaiiy i?yieo eiioaeo?a c aaaeo/eie aaieaie Oe?a?ie aeey
caaacia/aiiy o?iainiaeo iia?aoe?e ? aca?ii?ic?aooie?a.
Iaiao?aeii a?aecia/eoe oa, ui oe?a?inueea ae?anii?a a A?acee?? i?aaia
cae?enithaaoe e?iee, aeey ci?oeiaiiy aca?iiaea?aeieo eiioaeo?a.
A?aceeueoe? oe?a?inueeiai iioiaeaeaiiy noai?eee
a?aceeuenueei-oe?a?inueeo oi?aiaaeueio iaeaoo.
Iaiaeiaaaeeeaa cia/aiiy a ?icaeoeo aeiiii?/ii? ? oi?aiaaeueii?
eiiia?aoe?? iathoue cono??/? oe?a?inueeeo ? /ee?enueeeo aeaeaaaoe?e.
O?ii?ea a?ceo?a aeaeyaea? oaeei /eiii. I?ney anoaiiaeaiiy o 1992 ?.
aeeieiiaoe/ieo a?aeiinei Oe?a?io ? *ee? a?aea?aeaa oe?eee ?yae
aeaeaaaoe?e. O 1995 ?. ?anioae?oe? *ee? iaianea a?ceo aeaeaaaoe?y ia
/ie? c ia?oei canooiieeii i?i?no?a ?iicaiieo ni?aa Oe?a?ie
A.?.Oa?antheii. Oea aoa ia?oee eiioaeo oaeiai ??aiy i?ae aeaiia
e?a?iaie. O eiai oiae? aoea a?aei?/aia i??i?eoaoi?noue aeiiii?/ieo ?
oi?aiaaeueieo a?aeiinei, o oiio /ene? o no?aeii-?a?iiaenuee?e iie?oeoe?
*ee?. Aca?iiee ?ioa?an aei ?icaeoeo ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa iaea?eueo ?aeue?oii
aeyaeany o 1996 ?., eiee noi?iie i?iyaeee iaea?eueoo aeoeai?noue o
aea/aii? iiaeeeainoae aeaiaeo ia ye?nii iiaee ??aaiue
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei. O ethoiio 1996 ?. a?aeaoany a?ceo a
Oe?a?io aeaeaaaoe?e I?i?noa?noaa ?iicaiieo ni?aa *ee? ia /ie? c Ea?iai
Ia?oeei?aiith – ea??aieeii A?aeae?eo No?aeii? ?a?iie
(ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/iiai i?ae?icae?eo ICN). O oiae? cono??/ae
iaaiai?thaaeenue i?iaeaie ? ia?niaeoeae aca?iiae?? o ??cieo aaeocyo
aeiiii?ee aeaio e?a?i. O aa?ani? 1996 ?. Oe?a?io a?aea?aeaea aeaeaaaoe?y
aoae?aaeueii? iaeaoe *ee? ia /ie? c ?? aeeiiaa/ei aee?aeoi?ii Aeueo?aaei
Noaeuecaiaaoii. Iaoith a?ceoo aoei aea/aiiy iiaeeeainoae eiiia?aoe?? o
noa?? eai?oaeueiiai aoae?aieoeoaa, a oaeiae noai?aiiy ni?eueiiai
i?aei?e?inoaa aeey ?aae?caoe?? ??cieo i?iaeo?a.
Aeuaia?a?aoiaai? cono??/? aoee ni?yiiaai? ia aeinyaiaiiy aeaio oe?eae:
aecia/aiiy i?noey oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei o nenoai?
aeaia?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, a oaeiae aiae?co i?iaeai ? ia?niaeoea
aca?iiae??, c aeoeaiooaaiiyi oaaae ia i?ei?eoaoieo iai?yieao.
Aiae?coth/e no?oeoo?o aenii?oii-?iii?oieo iia?aoe?e Oe?a?ie c
A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?, aeioe?eueii i?aee?aneeoe oa, ui iniiaieie
noaooyie oe?a?inueeeo iinoaaie ia eaoeiiaia?eeainueeee eiioeiaio a
1994-97 ??. aoee: i?iaeoeoe?y neeaaeiiai iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy (aeaeaoie,
aaoiiia?e?, neeia? onoaiiaee), iaooii?iaeoeoe, i?ia?aeuei? aeia?eaa,
iaoaee ? iaoaeii?ieao. Iniaeea?noth aeaiiai aoaio a ?noi??? aeiiii?/ii?
? oi?aiaaeueii? eiiia?aoe?? ? oa, ui a?aeaoaaeany ia?ai???ioaoe?y a a?e
i?iaeoeoe?? oe?a?inueeiai aa?aaoae?aieoeoaa, aaoiiia?eaaoaeoaaiiy,
noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy, aaaeeiai aia?aaoe/iiai ? o?ainii?oiiai
iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy.
Iniiao a?o/eciyiiai ?iii?oo neeaaeathoue: oa?/iaa i?iaeoeoe?y,
othothiia? ae?iae, ?ineeii? niiee oa aeno?aeoe. O aecia/aii? iai?yie?a
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a, cie?aia i??i?eoaoieo, aa?ooue o/anoue
I?i?noa?noai ciai?oi?o aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a ? oi?a?ae? Oe?a?ie,
I?i?noa?noai aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, Oi?aiaaeueii-i?iieneiaa iaeaoa Oe?a?ie.
O aeniiaeao c?iaeaii ocaaaeueiaiiy i i?aeaaaeai? i?aenoiee i?iaaaeaiiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy, noi?ioeueiaai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??, ye? aeieeaathoue c
iueiai. Aaoi?ii aeena?oaoe?? aoei cae?eniaii eiiieaenia aeine?aeaeaiiy
ieoaiue, iia’ycaieo c aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaith aacith ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa,
iie?oe/ieie i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieie aca?iia?aeiineiaie a
1994-1997 ??. Aieiai? i?aenoiee i ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ia iaoo aeoieo oae?:
– i?ney caeiaoooy Oe?a?iith iacaeaaeiino? ia?aae aea?aeaaith iinoaei
caaaeaiiy ?icaeaaoe aca?iia?aeiineie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee? ia
iniia? iiai? iiaeae? a?aeiinei, aecia/ieie ?enaie yei? ? a?aenooi?noue
?aeaieia?/ii? caaiaaaeiaaiinoi, i??i?eoao iaoe?iiaeueieo ?ioa?an?a,
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo ca’yce?a, caniiaaieo ia i?yieo eiioaeoao, aac
o/ano? iina?aaeiee?a.
– ia??iae, yeee ?icaeyaeaany, noaa naiai ?iaeo iie?oe/iei i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iei i?i?eaii Oe?a?ie a Eaoeinueeo Aia?eeo, i?e
oeueiio noaaea aoea c?iaeaia, ia?o ca ana, ia i?enei?aiiy ia?aaiai?iiai
i?ioeano, o oiae? yeiai aeoeaii iaaiai?thaaeenue ieoaiiy, iia’ycai? c
iie?oe/ieie, aeiiii?/ieie, oi?aiaaeueieie a?aeiineiaie.
– ia?oee io?oe?eiee a?ceo I?aceaeaioa Oe?a?ie E.Eo/ie a A?aaioeio,
A?acee?th oa *ee? ia o?eueee noaa nooo?aei aianeii o ?icaeoie
aeiaia??ii? ieaooi?ie, aea i ni?eya ci?oeiaiith iiceoeaiiai ?i?aeaeo
iaoi? aea?aeaae.
– i?ioyaii 1994-1997 ??. noi?ioaaeanue no?oeoo?a iie?oe/iiai oa
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
– ai?iaaaeaeaiiy eaoeiiaia?eeainueeeo eai?oaeiaeeaaeaiue a oe?a?inueeo
aeiiii?eo oi/ i ia oa?eoei a /enei i??i?eoaoieo aaeoi??a, aea i?noeoue
aeey ian cia/iee iioaioe?ae, oiio ui A?aaioeia, A?acee?y oa *ee?
aeyaeythoue aenieo ?iaanoeoe?eio aeoeai?noue.
– ni?ey? ci?oeiaiith eiioaeo?a aea/aiiy aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i, ye?
cae?eniththoueny a Eaoeinuee?e Aia?eoe?.
1994-1997 ??. – ia??iae, yeee oa?aeoa?eco?oueny noaiiaeaiiyi a?aeiinei
Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th, *ee?, ye o noa?? noai?aiiy
aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace, oae i a iaeano? iie?oe/ieo i
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ieo eiioaeo?a.
I?iiiio?oueny ?yae ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeey aeei?enoaiiy iaoa??ae?a
aeena?oaoe??:
1. Aaoi? aaaaea?, ui aeey cae?eniaiiy eiiieaeniiai, nenoaiiiai aea/aiiy
a?aeiinei Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th oa *ee? iaiao?aeii caeo/aoe
aea?aeaai? oa a?iiaaenuee? i?aai?caoe?? oa ?io? no?oeoo?e, ye? aa?ooue
o/anoue o cae?eniaii? eaoeiiaia?eeainueeiai aaeoi?o ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee
Oe?a?ie.
2. Aca?iia?aeiineie iiaeii? aacoaaoeny ia aca?ii?e iiaac?,
??aiii?aaiino?, caaaeueiii?eeiyoeo aeaiie?aoe/ieo i?eioeeiao,
aca?iiaea?aeiino?.
3. Aeioe?eueiei ? anoaiiaeaiiy a?eueo i?oeieo eiioaeo?a c oe?a?inueeith
ae?anii?ith a A?aaioei? oa A?acee??.
4. Iaiao?aeii neiioeaio?oaaoe oaaao ia ?icaeoeo ?aa?iiaeueiiai,
iie?oe/iiai oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa.
5. Iaiao?aeii aeaeaoe ?iaioe, i?enay/ai? eaoeiiaia?eeainueeiio iai?yieo
ciai?oiuei? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie.
NIENIE IOAE?EAOeIE AAOI?A
1. Iie?oe/ia oa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai Oe?a?ie c
Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith o 1994-1997??. – E.: Ciaiiy, 1999. – 23 n. (1.5
ae?.a?e.)
2. A?enueeiai-oaoi?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai Oe?a?ie c Eaoeinueeith
Aia?eeith: I?iaeaie i ia?niaeoeae // Noiae. – 1998. – ?5. – N.15-19.
(0.5ae?.a?e.)
3. ?ao?iniaeoeaa oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ii? ni?ai?aoe? Oe?a?ie c
Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith. // Coiae. – 1999. – ?1-2. – N.55-59. (0.5 ae?.
a?e.)
4. Oe?aeia-Eaoeineay Aia?eea. Oi?ie?iaaiea iiaie iniiau ioiioaiee.
A?niee Aeiiaoeueeiai oi?aa?neoaoo, na??y A. – N.65-68. (0.5 ae?.a?e.)
5. Eaoeineay Aia?eea – Oe?aeia. Ioiioaiey ia nia?aiaiiii yoaia.
Iaoa??aee aeiiia?ae? aoc?anueei? iaoeiai? eiioa?aioe??
i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo c ?acoeueoao?a
iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? ?iaioe. Inoi?e/ii iaoee, iie?oieia?y / ?aae.eie.:
A.O.Ao?iinia (?aae.), A.I. Iieieueneee (aiaei.nae?.) ?.Ae. Eyo,
A.I. ?ineioiee oa iio. – Aeiiaoeuee: AeiiAeO 1997. – A 2 ei. – Ei.2. –
N.222-224. (0.3 ae?.a?e.)
AIIOAOe??
A?aaeioei A.A. Iie?oe/ia i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/ia ni?a?ia?oieoeoai
Oe?a?ie c Eaoeinueeith Aia?eeith (1994-1997 ??.). – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa ?noi?e/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 07.00.02 – Anana?oiy ?noi??y – Aeiiaoeueeee
aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao, Aeiiaoeuee, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia aiae?co aeiaia??ii-i?aaiai? aace iie?oe/iiai,
oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ni?a?ia?oieoeoaa, ?iaanoeoe?eii? aca?iiae??, a
oaeiae a?aeiineiai o iie?oe/i?e i oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i?e noa?ao. O
aeine?aeaeaii? aia?oa aca?iia?aeiineie Oe?a?ie c A?aaioeiith, A?acee??th
oa *ee? a ia??iae 1994-1997 ??. i?iaiae?ciaai? a eiiieaeniiio aa??aio?.
Aeyaeaii i?iaeaie i ia?niaeoeae eiiia?aoe??.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: ni?ai?aoey, aeiaia??ii-i?aaiaa aaca, iai?yiie, iie?oe/i?
a?aeiineie, oi?aiaaeueii-aeiiii?/i? aca?iia?aeiineie.
A?aaeeoei A.A. Iieeoe/aneia e oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneia nio?oaeie/anoai
Oe?aeiu n Eaoeineie Aia?eeie (1994-1997aa.). – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia iieo/aiea iao/iiai caaiey eaiaeeaeaoa enoi?e/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 07.00.02 – Anaie?iay enoi?ey. – Aeiiaoeeee
ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao. Aeiiaoee, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aiaeeco aeiaiai?ii-i?aaiaie aacu iieeoe/aneiai,
oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneiai e eiaanoeoeeiiiiai nio?oaeie/anoaa, a oaeaea
ioiioaieyi a iieeoe/aneie e oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneie noa?ao. A
enneaaeiaaiee aia?aua acaeiiioiioaiey Oe?aeiu n A?aaioeiie, A?aceeeae e
*eee a ia?eiae 1994-1997 aa. i?iaiaeece?iaaiu a eiiieaeniii aa?eaioa.
Iieacaiu i?iaeaiu e ia?niaeoeau eiioaeoia.
?aaioa yaeyaony iaeiei ec ia?auo aeenna?oaoeeiiiuo enneaaeiaaiee, a
eioi?ii a iaiauaiiii aa?eaioa ?anniao?eaathony iieeoe/aneea,
yeiiiie/aneea e oi?aiaua eiioaeou, oa?aeoa?ecoaony aeiaiai?iay ieaooi?ia
iieeoe/aneiai, oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneiai, eiaanoeoeeiiiiai nio?oaeie/anoaa
Oe?aeiu n A?aaioeiie, A?aceeeae e *eee. Enoiaey ec iiieiaiey ioiioaiee,
eae niaieoiiinoe acaeiinaycaiiuo iai?aaeaiee, eioi?ua ninoaaeytho
aaeeiue eiiieaen, iu ioia/aai yeaiaiou, eioi?ua ian eioa?anotho:
Oe?aeia, A?aaioeia, A?aceeey, *eee, a oaeaea aaeoi?u acaeiiioiioaiee,
eae iauaeo iao/iiai enneaaeiaaiey, /oi i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
ii?aaeaeaiioth iao/ioth iiaecio, iioiio /oi nayce Oe?aeiu n A?aaioeiie,
A?aceeeae e *eee, eae oaea oiiieiaeinue ?aiaa, ?anniao?eaaeenue
o?aaiaioa?ii, ii ioaeaeueiui iai?aaeaieyi.
A aeenna?oaoeee iainiiaaii ?yae iieiaeaiee: aeiaiai?ii-i?aaiaay aaca
iieeoe/aneeo ioiioaiee a ia?eiae, eioi?ue ?anniao?eaaaony, aace?iaaeanue
ia aeieoiaioao, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey aeeaeiaa,
onoaiaaeeaatho eiioaeou iaaeaeo aiaoiaiieeoe/aneeie aaaeiinoaaie,
nicaeatho oneiaey aeey iaae?aaeiiaeueiiai nio?oaeie/anoaa; aeiaiai?ioth
iniiao yeiiiie/aneiai e oi?aiaiai nio?oaeie/anoaa iaaeaeo Oe?aeiie e
A?aaioeiie, A?aceeeae e *eee ninoaaeytho oe?ieiianooaaiua
aeiaiai?aiiinoe, a oaeaea io?aneaaua e ?aaeiiaeueiua niaeaoaiey.
I?ei?eoaoiuie iai?aaeaieyie iieeoe/aneeo acaeiiioiioaiee a 1994-1997 aa.
auee nio?oaeie/anoai ieienoa?noa eiino?aiiuo aeae, ioiioaiey
caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo i?aaiia aeanoe Oe?aeiu e A?aaioeiu, A?aceeee, *eee,
eiioaeou n eioaa?aoeeiiiuie no?oeoo?aie (I?aaiecaoeeae Aia?eeaineeo
ainoaea?noa, Aeaeaeaieai Iai?eniaaeeiaiey).
Iaeaieaa aeooaeueiuie caaea/aie ia aeaiiii yoaia enoi?ee oi?aiauo e
yeiiiie/aneeo ioiioaiee Oe?aeiu n A?aaioeiie, A?aceeeae, *eee auei
onoaiiaeaiea i?yiuo eiioaeoia a ?acee/iuo noa?ao aiaoiayeiiiie/aneiai e
aiaoiaoi?aiaiai nio?oaeie/anoaa n oeaeueth ieieiece?iaaoue caaeneiinoue
io no?oeoo?, eioi?ua inouanoaeyee iinoaaee i?iaeoeoeee a Eaoeineoth
Aia?eeo, a ia?eiae nouanoaiaaiey NNN?, ia?aoaaeoeo iiae th?enaeeeoeeth
?innee. Inouanoaeaiea i?aeoe/aneeo oaaia, eioi?ua iai?aaeaiu ia
i?aaeinoaaeaiea eae iiaeii aieueoae eioi?iaoeee ia yeiiiie/aneii e
oi?aiaii iioaioeeaea Oe?aeiu, ?aoi?iaoeeiiiuo i?ioeannao, eioi?ua
i?ienoiaeyo a iaoae no?aia.
A aeenna?oaoeee aia?aua i?eaaaeaiu oaeou ec aeieoiaioia, eioi?ua
oa?aeoa?ecotho aeeiaieeo nio?oaeie/anoaa, i?iaeaiu, ia?niaeoeau
ioiioaiee.
Eiioaeou Oe?aeiu e A?aaioeiu, A?aceeee e *eee a 1994-1997 aa.
iaoiaeeeenue a noaaeee noaiiaeaiey, oae i?ioeann iienea oi/ae
nii?eeiniiaaiey, enoiaey ec o/aoa iaoeeiiaeueiuo eioa?ania,
acaeiiauaiaeiinoe, ?aaiii?aaey. 90-a aa. a ioiioaieyo Oe?aeiu n o?aiy
eaoeiiaia?eeaineeie no?aiaie oa?aeoa?ecothony ia oieueei ?acaeoeai
aeiaiai?ii-i?aaiaie aacu, onoaiiaeaieai e oe?aieaieai nio?oaeie/anoaa,
ii e aic?anoaieai eioa?ana e iiuoo yeiiiie/aneeo ?aoi?i, eioi?ua
i?ienoiaeyo a THaeiie Aia?eea. Aeaiiay oaiaeaioeey a eiiieaena n
?acaeoeai acaeiiioiioaiee a ?acee/iuo noa?ao iiaeao niaeaenoaiaaoue
auoiaeo eiioaeoia ia ea/anoaaiii iiaue o?iaaiue.
A ea/anoaa iaoiaeieiae/aneeo i?eioeeiia iao/iiai enneaaeiaaiey
ii?aaeaeyaony nenoaia iao/iuo i?eioeeiia e iaoiaeia iiciaiey, eioi?ua
iie?athony ia aeeaeaeoeeo, aeinoeaeaiey ioa/anoaaiiie enoi?e/aneie iaoee
e iai?aaeaiu ia iauaeoeaiia, ananoi?iiiaa inaauaiea niauoee e oaeoia.
?aaioa iniiauaaaony ia i?eioeeiao enoi?ecia e iauaeoeaiinoe.
Iieeoe/aneea ioiioaiey Oe?aeiu n A?aaioeiie, A?aceeeae, *eee
oa?aeoa?ecothony a aeenna?oaoeeiiiii enneaaeiaaiee n iiceoeee
nia?aiaiiie iieeoieiae/aneie iaoee, eioi?ay ?anniao?eaaao iieeoeeo,
aiaoiaiieeoe/aneea nayce eae noa?o aeayoaeueiinoe, ecaaaeaiiie io
eaeaieiae/aneeo aeiai. Niioaaonoaaiii oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneea ioiioaiey,
ia eioi?ua a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie aeeyao iieeoeea, iieacaia a
aeenna?oaoeee eae noa?a aac eaeaieiae/aneie caaiaaaee?iaaiiinoe.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: nio?oaeie/anoai, aeiaiai?ii-i?aaiaay aaca, iai?aaeaiea,
iieeoe/aneea ioiioaiey, oi?aiai-yeiiiie/aneea acaeiiioiioaiey.
Bredichin A.V. Political, economic and commercial Ukrainian-Latin
America collaboration (1994-1997). – Manuscript.
Thesis for receiving the candidate’s degree in historical sciences by
specialty 07.00.02 – Wold History. – Donetsk State University, Donetsk,
1999.
The dissertation is devoted to the analysis of contract – juridical
basis of political, commercial and economic collaborations, investment
interaction and also relations in political and commercial and economic
spheres. In this research relations of Ukraine with Argentina, Brazil
and Chily in period of 1994-1997 are analysed in complex version, for
the first time. The problems and perspectives of cooperation are
revealed.
Key words: collaboration, contract juridical basis, direction, political
relations, commercial and economic relations.
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