3
IAOe?IIAEUeIEE AA?A?IEE OI?AA?NEOAO
Naoiaae/ Ai?en Aaea??eiae/
OAeE 631. 15: 331.5
I?aai?caoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue ?eieiaiai oeio oa ?o
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.06.01 – aeiiii?ea i?ae?e?inoaa e
i?aai?caoe?y ae?iaieoeoaa
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao? Eaa?iaoo
I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,
/eai-ei?aniiiaeaio OAAI, Caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie
Oa?auaiei A?eoi? Ee?eeiae/ –
Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e nioe?ieia??
i?aoe? ? i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, aeaeai aeiiii?/iiai oaeoeueoaoo
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:- aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
THcaoiae/ Aiaoie?e Aaeoa?aeiae/-
Eaa?iao I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie, Ea??aiee Oeaio?o aenia?oieo ioe?iie,
aiae?co ? i?iaiicoaaiiy
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio, Caneoaeaiee aeiiii?no Oe?a?ie
No?ao?eao Ieaenaiae? Aiai?eiae/-
Oe?a?inueea aeaaeai?y aa?a?ieo iaoe, ia/aeueiee a?aeae?eo aa?a?ii?
aeiiii?ee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – ?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e
aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei AIE, i.Ee?a
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “27” n?/iy 2000 ?. i 12 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee E 26.004.01 a Iaoe?iiaeueiiio aa?a?iiio
oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 03041, i.Ee?a, aoe.Aa?i?a iai?iie, 15,
iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 3, aoaeeoi??y 65.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Iaoe?iiaeueiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith: 03041, i.Ee?a, aoe.Aa?i?a
iai?iie, 11, iaa/aeueiee ei?ion 10.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “24” a?oaeiy 1999?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee AEaaea A.A.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Ca ?iee ?aoi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie a iai?yi?
aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ?, cie?aia, aa?a?ieo aaeocae i?iaaaeaii oe?eee
?yae aeine?aeaeaiue ? iioae?eiaaii /eiaei ?ia?o. Na?aae ieo ? ?iaioe ye
c oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo i?iaeai ?aoi?ioaaiiy aeaniino? oa caiaeueieo
a?aeiinei, ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa, oae ? c i?eeeaaeieo, iaoiaee/ieo ?
i?aeoe/ieo ieoaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueei-ainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa
o ?eieia? no?oeoo?e. Oeei i?iaeaiai i?enay/ai? i?aoe? Aaeaeooeueeiai I.
?., Aeaieeaiea A. N., Eiaana I. A., Eoe?iiaa ?. ?., Iae?ea I. E.,
Iieuaiea I. I., ?iiaiiai? E. A., Naaeoea I. O., Oa?auaiea A. E.,
Oe?eueiaa I. A., Oie/aea I. I., THcaoiae/a A. A., TH?/eoeia A. A. oa
?ioeo a/aieo-aeiiii?no?a.
Aea i?iaaaeai? ?aoi?ie aei iiceoeaieo ci?i a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? aeiiii?ee
ia i?eaaee, ine?eueee i?iaeiaaeo?oueny niaae ae?iaieoeoaa ?
iiaeeaeththoueny e?ecia? yaeua. Oea iio?aao? iiaeaeueoeo aeine?aeaeaiue
ii aeyaeaiith iaaeie?e?a oa oaeineiiaeaiith ?aoi?i.
I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy a?ae??ciythoueny a?ae iacaaieo oa ?ioeo ?ia?o
oei, ui i?e cae?eniaii? ?eieiaeo ?aoi?i ie i?aeoiaeeii nenoaiii,
aiae?coth/e ? ii?aeioth/e ye ae?yeuei?noue ?aoi?iiaaieo i?aei?e?inoa,
oae ? aieea ia ia? aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo
iaoai?ci?a oa aea?aaoethaaiiy i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? ia
i?e?i??ai? i?aei?e?inoaa. Oea aeaei ciiao eiiieaenii aeyaeyoe iaaaoeaio
ae?th iaaieo ?eieiaeo aaaeae?a ? ?ic?iaeoe caoiaee, ni?yiiaai? ia ?o
onoiaiiy. Aeooaeuei?noue cacia/aieo i?iaeai oa aaaeeea?noue ?o
?ica’ycaiiy ? coiiaeee aea?? oaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaia
aeine?aeaeaiiy ? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith aeeiiaiiy i?ia?aie
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o eaoaae?e nioe?ieia?? i?aoe? oa
i?aei?e?iieoeoaa Iaoe?iiaeueiiai aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo “?ic?iaeoe
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii i?aai?caoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo no?oeoo?
?eieiaiai oeio oa ?o i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?” ( iiia?
aea?aeaaii? ?a?no?aoe?? 0197 U 0158803), ye? aeeiiothoueny ia
caiiaeaiiy I?iaa?ii?iio Oe?a?ie.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith aeine?aeaeaiiy ? oai?aoe/ia
ocaaaeueiaiiy caeiiiaeaa/eo oa i?aaiaeo iieiaeaiue ?aoi?ioaaiiy
eieaini?a ? ?aaeaini?a o i?aei?e?inoaa c i?eaaoii-eieaeoeaiith oi?iith
aeaniino?, aecia/aiiy ?o a?aeiia?aeiino? ?eieiaei oiiaai
ainiiaea?thaaiiy oa ?ic?iaea caoiae?a ii oaeineiiaeaiith aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei iiainoai?aieo i?aei?e?inoa ye ia caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueeiio oae
? aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeiio ??aiyo.
I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/ai? aeiiii?/i? a?aeiineie
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa, ui aeieeathoue ? ?icaeaathoueny
a i?ioean? ?o ae?yeueiino? ye o aioo??oiueiio, oae ? a ciai?oiueiio
na?aaeiaeu?.
Ia’?eoaie aeine?aeaeaiue ia?ai? eieaeoeai? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee?
i?aei?e?inoaa Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano? oa
ie?ai? ainiiaea?noaa ?ioeo ?aa?ii?a Oe?a?ie, ye? ?ic?iaeee aoaeoeai?
iaoai?cie ia?aoiaeo aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei oa i?aai?caoe?ei? oi?ie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, ui aeathoue ciiao cae?enithaaoe i?eaooeiao
ae?yeuei?noue o neeaaeieo e?eciaeo oiiaao ia?ao?aeiiai aoaio aei ?eieo.
A?aeiia?aeii aei aecia/aii? iaoe ae??ooaaeenue oae? iniiai? caaaeaiiy:
– aeine?aeeoe e ocaaaeueieoe oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy oa iaa?oiooaaoe
iaoiaeieia?/i? i?aeoiaee aei ii?aeiaiiy aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy
iae?iaeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a i?ae aaeocyie ia?iaeiiai
ainiiaea?noaa c aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeith ae?yeuei?noth
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa;
– aecia/eoe aiae?oe/ieie iaoiaeaie e iaa?oiooaaoe iaeaoaeoeai?oo
i?aai?caoe?eio no?oeoo?o ?ioaa?iaaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa;
– i?iaiae?coaaoe ae?yeuei?noue ??cieo aeae?a aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue, ?o o?oaeia? a?aeiineie c i?aae?iiyi oa i?ae niaith ?
iaa?oiooaaoe iaea?eueo aeioe?euei? c ieo;
– oaeineiiaeeoe iaoiaeeeo anoaiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
?ic?aooieiaeo oe?i, yea a caaacia/oaaea ?eieia? i?eioeeie
eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo c a?aeoeiaeoaaiiyi ii?iaoeaieo cao?ao ae?iaieoeoaa
aeey an?o i?ae?icae?e?a i?aei?e?inoaa;
– iaa?oiooaaoe ?aoe?iiaeueia ii?aeiaiiy ??cieo aeae?a ainiiaea?nueei?
ae?yeueiino? ?ioaa?iaaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa oa ?o
aca?iiae?th ?c ciai?oi?i ? aioo??oi?i na?aaeiaeuai ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai?
aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.
?ioi?iaoe?eio aaco noaiiaeee ca?oi? iaoa??aee I?iaa?ii?iio,
I?inoaoenoeee Oe?a?ie, ??/i? ca?oe aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?aei?e?inoa,
e?oa?aoo?i? aeaea?aea. O i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enoiaoaaeenue
iaoiaee nenoaiiiai aiae?co ? neioaco ?ioi?iaoe??: iiiia?ao?/iee,
noaoenoe/iee, aaeainiaee, ?ic?aooieiai-eiino?oeoeaiee oa ?i.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Iaoeiaa iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa?
a iaa?oiooaaii? oai?aoe/ieo ? iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue oi?ioaaiiy
eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ?eieiaiai oeio oa ?o
i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei ? ?ic?iaoe? i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e aeey i?aeaeuaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Iaeaaaeeea?oeie ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue eiai
iiaecio, ?ice?eaathoue iniiaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe?? ? aeiinyoueny ia
caoeno, ?:
– ocaaaeueiai? oai?aoe/i? oa caeiiiaeaa/i-i?aaia? iieiaeaiiy
?aoi?ioaaiiy i?aei?e?inoa o ?eieia? no?oeoo?e, aeyaeai? iaaeie?ee
aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy iae?iaeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a ia
ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei ? cai?iiiiiaai? caoiaee uiaei
?o onoiaiiy;
– ?ic?iaeai? iniiai? i?eioeeie ii?aeiaiiy aeae?a ae?yeueiino?
ainiiaea?nueeeo no?oeoo? ?eieiaiai oeio, ui caaacia/othoue aoaeoeaia
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei;
– aecia/ai? iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei ?ioaa?aoe?? ??cieo ainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue a ?aeeiee ae?iaie/i – ainiiaea?nueeee eiiieaen, yeee ae?? o
caieiooiio oaoiieia?/iiio e aeiiii?/iiio na?aaeiaeu? ii ae?iaieoeoao
e?ioeaai? i?iaeoeoe??;
-ii?aoeueiaaia iaoiaeeea anoaiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
?ic?aooieiaeo oe?i, ui caaacia/o? aea?aaeaioi?noue iai?io i?ae
ainiiaea?nueeeie oi?ioaaiiyie;
– iaa?oioiaaia aeiiii?/ia nooi?noue iaiao?aeiino? aeei?enoaiiy a?ioiaeo
iaaeoiaeaeaiue i?aei?e?inoaa i?ioyaii ?ieo o aoaeue-yeiio
ainiiaea?nueeiio oi?ioaaii? a e?eoe/i? ia??iaee eiai ae?yeueiino?.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy . Iniiai?
iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aeena?oaoe?? ni?yiiaai? ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e ii
aea?aaeaioiiio iai?io i?ae aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeie oi?ioaaiiyie a
i?ioean? ?o ae?yeueiino?, ui aea? ciiao caaacia/eoe aoaeoeaia
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia neeaaeiiio ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. I?iaaaeai? caeiaoaa/ai aeine?aeaeaiiy oa
iaea?aeai? ?acoeueoaoe ? naiino?eieie. O aeena?oaoe?? iaa?oioiaai?
i?eioeeie ii?aeiaiiy aeae?a ae?yeueiino? a i?aei?e?inoaao, ?ic?iaeaia
iaoiaeeea anoaiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo ?ic?aooieiaeo oe?i
aea?aaeaioiiai iai?io a i?ioean? ae?iaieoeoaa, a?aei?aoeueiaai?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ii ?ioaa?aoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue a
?aeeiiio oaoiieia?/iiio oa aeiiii?/iiio i?inoi??, ui ? ? aianeii aaoi?a
a iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a aa?a?iiio naeoi?? aeiiii?ee
Oe?a?ie.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe aoee ai?iaiaai? a i?ioean? i?aeoe/iiai ?o ai?iaaaeaeaiiy a
ainiiaea?nueeo ae?yeuei?noue AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”, aa?io??ia
“Aeueoa”, ENI ?i.*a?iyoianueeiai Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio
Ee?anueei? iaeano?.
Iaiaeii?aciai i?ioyaii 1995-1998 ?ie?a ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue
aeiiia?aeaeenue ia ia?aaeao ea??aiee?a ? niaoe?ae?no?a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa iacaaiiai ?aeiio.
Ioae?eaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iioae?eiaai? a
/ioe?ueio iaoeiaeo noaooyo caaaeueiei ianyaii 1,0 ae?oeiaaiee a?eoo.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y aeeeaaeaia ia 142 noi??ieao
eiii’thoa?iiai oaenoo, aeeth/a? 15 oaaeeoeue ? 2 ?enoiee. Neeaaea?oueny
?c anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae
151 iaeiaioaaiiy, 2 aeiaeaoe?a.
No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
Anooi
?icae?e 1. Oai?aoe/i? iniiae ?aoi?ioaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue o
?eieia? no?oeoo?e.1.1.I?aai?caoe?y no?oeoo? ?eieiaiai oeio oa iaoiaeeea
aecia/aiiy ?? noo? ? neeaaeiaeo. 1.2.?aoi?ioaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa oa ?o ia’?aeiaiue o ?eieia?
no?oeoo?e. 1.3.I?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaia? iniiae aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa oa ?o aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue.
?icae?e 2. Noai ? ioe?iea ?acoeueoao?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy aeine?aeaeoaaieo
i?aei?e?inoa. 2.1. I?aai?caoe?eia no?oeoo?a oa aeiiii?/i? a?aeiineie o
ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiiyo. 2.2.Aiae?c noaio ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
2.3.Oaeineiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei.
?icae?e 3. Noai?aiiy ?ioaa?iaaieo i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo no?oeoo? o
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiiyo. 3.1.Oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo
?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a. 3.2.?icaeoie i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiiyo. 3.3.I?aai?caoe?y aca?iiae??
ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue ?c ciai?oi?i na?aaeiaeuai.
Aeniiaee
Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae
Aeiaeaoee
INIIAIEE CI?NO
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy,
noi?ioeueiaai? iaoa, caaaeaiiy, i?aaeiao ? ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy,
aeeeaaeai? iaoeiaa iiaecia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe, i?iaiae?ciaaii
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a o i?aeoeeo, ?o ioae?eaoe??.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oai?aoe/i? iniiae ?aoi?ioaaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue o ?eieia? no?oeoo?e” c iiceoe?? nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo
?icaeyiooi nooi?noue i?aai?caoe?? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa
?eieiaiai oeio, aeeeaaeaii iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae aeine?aeaeaiiy ?icaeoeo
e aoaeoeaiino? ??cieo i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei
?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.
?eiie o oe?ieiio ?icoi?ii? iaie ?icaeyaea?oueny ye nenoaia aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei, ui neeaaeathoueny a i?ioean? ae?iaieoeoaa a?eueiiai ia?ao
oiaa??a, eai?oae?a, ?ooo ?iai/i? neee, eioo?a, aeey yeeo oa?aeoa?ia
naiaiaea noa’?eo?a o aeai?? iieoioe?a ? i?iaeaaoe?a, aecia/aii? oe?i,
oi?ioaaii? oa aeei?enoaii? ?ano?nieo aeaea?ae, ui a?aeiia?aeathoue
iniiaiei aeaiaioai ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio: oe?ia, iiieo, i?iiiceoe?y. A
oeeo oiiaao ?ieue aea?aeaae iaiaaeo?oueny ?aaoethaaiiyi iae?iaeiiii?/ieo
?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a ? cae?eniaiiyi ooieoe?e, ni?yiiaaieo ia aeinyaiaiiy
??aiiaaae iae?iaeiiii?/ieo i?iii?oe?e oeyoii iiiaeaoeoaaiiy aeioiae?a,
?icaeoeo ?iii?oieo ? aenii?oieo iia?aoe?e, ieoieo cai??a, athaeaeaoieo
aneaioaaiue, ?aaoethaaiiy i?aeaaeocaaeo oe?i oa aeioiae?a, noai?aiiy
ni?eyoeeai? aeey oiaa?iae?iaieea o?iainiai-e?aaeeoii? nenoaie.
I?e aeine?aeaeaii? ?icaeoeo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei a aa?a?ieo aaeocyo oa
aeyaeaii? ?o aieeao ia ?acoeueoaoeai?noue ainiiaea?thaaiiy ie
ea?oaaeenue eiioeaiooaeueieie iieiaeaiiyie i?i oi?ioaaiiy
oeea?e?ciaaiiai ?eieo a Oe?a?i? ye o?eaaeiai ?noi?e/iiai i?ioeano,
i?aai?/ii ii?aeiaiiai c ?icaeoeii ? iiaeeaeaiiyi aca?iica’yce?a ??cieo
aaeocae oa noa? ae?yeueiino? c iaoith aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ii? ??aiiaaae
ia ia?eoaoi?e oe?iia?e iniia?, ui a?oioo?oueny ia caaeiaieaii? iiieoo
niiaeeaa/?a ca oiiae caaacia/aiiy ?aioaaaeueiino? ae?iaieoeoaa. Iniiaith
?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa o ?eieia? no?oeoo?e
? ci?ia oi?i aeaniino?, ?? ?icaea?aeaaeaiiy ? i?eaaoecaoe?y oa
oi?ioaaiiy ia oe?e iniia? iiaeo ?eieiaeo no?oeoo?. Ia oae?e
iaoiaeieia?/i?e iniia? c o?aooaaiiyi noai?aii? caeiiiaeaa/i? aace
i?ioyaii inoaii?o ?ie?a a?aeaoeenue ia?aoai?aiiy i?aei?e?inoa aa?a?iiai
naeoi?a aeiiii?ee a ?eieia? no?oeoo?e, cae?eniaii ?icaea?aeaaeaiiy ?
i?eaaoecaoe?th i?aei?e?inoa, iathaaiiy iaeia oa caie?
eieainiii-eiiia?aoeaiiai naeoi?a ae?iaieoeoaa.
O iaoeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo canoinoaaiiy oa?i?io “i?aai?caoe?y” noino?oueny
eeoa oeo ?? noi??i, ye? ? ?acoeueoaoii ae?e ? aieeao ia i?ioean
oaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie ethaeeiith. Nooo?aith iciaeith i?aaeiao?a, aei
yeeo ie a?aeiineii iiiyooy “i?aai?caoe?y”, ? oa, ui ?o neeaaeiaeie
aenooiathoue ethaee oa ?o ia`?aeiaiiy aeey ni?eueieo ae?e.
A?aeiii, ui cae?enithaaeiny aeiaaaeaiiy a iaaeao aea?aeaae, iaeano?,
?aeiio ? i?aei?e?inoaa iin?aieo ieiu ? a?iaeaeiino?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?, iiaie?a`y oaa?ei oa ?o
i?iaeoeoeaiino?, aeacoaaeenue eaiaee ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe?? ? oe?ie ia
ia?, anoaiiaethaaeeny e ?io? ae?iaie/i-aeiiii?/i? iieacieee, ye? a
aee?aeoeaiiio ii?yaeeo aeiaiaeeeenue aei n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa.
Noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aeiaaa? iaiao?aeiino? ci?ie o?aaeeoe?eieo
i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo?, ui aacoaaeeny ia aea?aeaaiiio ?aaoethaaii?
an?o neeaaeiaeo ae?yeueiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa. A
oiiaao ia?aoiaeo ia ?eieia? nenoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy aeey i?aei?e?inoa
??cieo oi?i aeaniino? aeieeea caaaeueia iaiao?aei?noue ia?aeoe ia
a?euei? naiino?ei? nenoaie ae?yeueiino?, ?aaoeueiaai? ?eieiaeie
iaoai?ciaie iiieoo oa i?iiiceoe?? ia aoaeue-ye? aeaee i?iaeoeoe?? ia
i?eioeeiao naiiieoiiino? ? naiio?iainoaaiiy. Iaeiae ia?ao?ae ia oaeo
nenoaio a oiiaao iaa?aaoeueiaaiino? oe?iiaeo ia?eoao?a i?ae aaeocyie
ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa oa ?iceaaeo o?iainiai-e?aaeeoii? nenoaie ?
aeineoue neeaaeiith i?iaeaiith.
Cacia/aia neooaoe?y iio?aao? noai?aiiy oaeeo i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo?
oa ?o ia`?aeiaiue, ye? aoee a caeaoi? cae?enithaaoe ainiiaea?nueeo
ae?yeuei?noue ca ?aooiie aeanieo oa iice/eiaeo eioo?a. Aiaeii/an
noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aaaea aei ii?ooaiiy o?aaeeoe?eieo
aaei?i?no?aoeaii-?aaoeueiaaieo nenoai ainiiaea?thaaiiy ?
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei. I?e/iio oe? ci?ie cia/iith i??ith
noi?iaiaeaeothoueny iia??oaiiyi noaiiaeua i?aoe?aiee?a, cieaeaiiyi
ca?ia?oii? ieaoe, ianai?/aniith ?? aeieaoith ca oiia ?icaaeainiaaiino?
aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a, ui ii?iaeaeo? ii?? cia/ii? /anoeie eieeoi?o
eieainiiee?a oa ?ia?oiee?a ?aaeaini?a ia?aoiaeo ia iia? ?eieia? oi?ie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Nooue oeeo ia?aoai?aiue ca nai?i nioe?aeueiei ci?noii iieyaa? o
i?aeaeuaii? aeiia aei i?aoe?aiee?a o ni?aa? aeio?eiaiiy ieie
oaoiieia?/ii? oa o?oaeiai? aeenoeeie?ie, o ia?aoiae? a?ae
aca?iia?aeiinei eieaeoeaii? i?aoe? oa eieaeoeaii? a?aeiia?aeaeueiino?
aei a?aeiinei ainiiaea?y ? iaeiaiiai ?ia?oieea i?e caa?aaeaii?
?iaeea?aeoaeueiiai i?aaa ia iaaio /anoeo aeaniino? ia iaeii oa
caiaeueiee iae ? a?eueiiai aeoiaeo c eieaeoeaiiai i?aei?e?inoaa.
Ioaea, iinoa? caaaeaiiy ciaeoe a oeeo neeaaeieo oiiaao oae?
i?aai?caoe?ei? oi?ie, ye? aoaeoeaii ae?yee a a iiaeo oiiaao aac
ii?ooaiiy ia`?eoeaieo aeiia ? c aeei?enoaiiyi ia?aaaa aaeeeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, ui aaco?oueny ia i?eioeeiao ?icaeoeo iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai
i?ia?ano, ia?aae ae??aiei, canoinoaaii? aenieii?iaeoeoeaieo iaoei,
?iiiaaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e oa ?ioeo /eiiee?a, ye? caaacia/othoue
i?aeaeuaiiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe? oa aeiiii?/io aoaeoeai?noue
ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Iaeaaaeeea?oeie noa?aie i?ciaaaeueiiai i?ioeano ? iinoaiiaea i?iaeaie,
iiaoaeiaa i?aaeiaoa aeine?aeaeaiiy oa iaoeiai? oai???, a oaeiae
ia?aa??ea io?eiaiiai ?acoeueoaoo c oi/ee ci?o eiai ?noeiiino? oa
aeinoia??iino? e a?aeiia?aeiino? ia`?eoo aea/aiiy.
Iaoiaeieia?/ia iniiaa i?ciaiiy i?ioean?a ?aoi?ioaaiiy aaei?i?no?aoeaii?
aeiiii?ee a ?eieiao iaie ?icaeyaea?oueny ye iaiao?aeia oiiaa aoaeue-yei?
ae?yeueiino?, ni?yiiaaii? ia aea/aiiy aioo??oiuei? i?aai?caoe?eii?
nenoaie, ?? ?aaoethaaiiy a i?ioean? aea/aiiy /e i?aeoe/iiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy
ainiiaea?nueeiai ia`?eoa aeey ae??oaiiy iinoaaeaieo caaaeaiue. Ia
no/aniiio aoai? iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai ?icaeoeo oa nioe?aeueii? ia?aaoaeiae
noni?eueieo a?aeiinei niinoa??aa?oueny o?nia ia?aieaoaiiy iaoeiai?
oai??? ? i?aeoeee i?e ?ica’ycaii? neeaaeieo i?iaeai ?aoi?ioaaiiy
aeaniino? oa nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei o ainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiiyo. Oiio iaa?oioiaai? iaoiaeieia?/i? i?aeoiaee aeathoue ciiao
oieeaoe ?noioieo iiieeie i?e aecia/aii? caaaeaiue oa niinia?a ?o
ae??oaiiy.
Ia?a?iciiae?e oi?i aeaniino?, ?? ?icaea?aeaaeaiiy ? i?eaaoecaoe?y,
ca?eueoaiiy ?? a iaeieo in?a ? ciaioaiiy a ?ioeo ia`?eoeaii
i?ecaiaeeoue aei iaaiiai ?icoa?oaaiiy noni?euenoaa ia aaaao?oeo ?
a?aei?oeo, onoaa? c??aiye?aeo a iaea?aeaii? ca?ia?oii? ieaoe
(i?eaooe?a), ui ii?iaeaeo? noia?a/iino? a noni?euenoa?. Cia/ia /anoeia
ianaeaiiy ia ni?eeia? aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? ia aaaao?th/eo oa a?aei?th/eo ?
i?aaia aei ?iciiae?eo iaoa??aeueieo aeaa ca i?eioeeiaie eieeoiuei?
c??aiye?aee, iacaaaeath/e ia oa, ui, ye a?aeiii, a?eueoa ia?
iaea?aeoaaoe oa iniaa, yea aeeaaea? a?eueoa eai?oaeo, i?aoe? oa
cae?aiinoae aeey aeinyaiaiiy aaaii?oiai ?acoeueoaoo ae?yeueiino?.
A i?aai?caoe?eiiio ieai? ?icaeoie aoaeoeaieo ?eieiaeo oi?i
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iiaea a?aeaoaaoenue, ye na?ae/aoue aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
i?aeoe/iee aeina?ae ?iaioe ie?aieo ?aoi?iiaaieo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa, o aeaio iai?yiao:
1. Oaeineiiaeaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo oa i?aeainiiaea?nueeeo i?aai?caoe?eieo
no?oeoo? eieaeoeaieo ainiiaea?noa, ni?yiiaaia ia aeeaa?neo?eaoe?th ye
ai?eciioaeueio, oae ? aa?oeeaeueio, oa ocaiaeaeaiiy ia aca?iiaea?aei?e
iniia? i?ae noa`?eoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy ?o ae?e, ui aeaaaei ciiao c
iaea?eueoith iiaiioith aeei?enoaoe ?eieia? iaoai?cie o noai?aii?
eiieo?aioicaeaoii? i?iaeoeoe?? (iineoa) ? caaacia/eoe iaea?aeaiiy
i?eaooeo a ?ici??ao, iaiao?aeieo aeey a?aeoeiaeoaaiiy cao?ao ?
cae?eniaiiy ?icoe?aiiai a?aeoai?aiiy ca ?aooiie aeanieo eioo?a.
2. Oaeineiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo nioe?aeueii-o?oaeiaeo
a?aeiinei ia iniia? i?aeaeuaiiy naiino?eiino? ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue
o ieai? ?ica’ycaiiy iia?aoeaieo ieoaiue ae?iaieoeoaa oa ?icii?yaeaeaiiy
?acoeueoaoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Oae? oi?ioaaiiy aoaeothoue nai?
a?aeiineie c i?aae?iiyi i?aei?e?inoaa oa i?ae niaith ia aeiaia??i?e
iniia? ca ?eieiaeie i?eioeeiaie eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo. TH?eaee/i?
i?ae?icae?ee, ui aoiaeyoue aei neeaaeo i?aei?e?inoa oa ia`?aeiaiue,
ni?ai?aoeththoue ca aeiaiai?aie c i?aae?iiyi (?aaeith aee?aeoi??a), a
yeeo iaoiiaeai? aca?iiciaia`ycaiiy ni?ai?aoe? noi??i uiaei ocaiaeaeaiiy
ie?aieo aeae?a ae?yeueiino? o noa?? ae?iaieoeoaa oa ?aae?caoe??
i?iaeoeoe??, ? ianooue a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ca ii?ooaiiy aeiaia??ieo
ciaia`ycaiue.
Iiceoeaiee aieea oaoi?ei-oaoiieia?/ieo oaeoi??a ia aaeineiiaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? iiaea ni?aaeyoeny ca oiia ?icaeoeo aaeeeeo
i?aei?e?inoa (ia`?aeiaiue), ui aeei?enoiaothoue iaoai?cie ae??
aeiiii?/ieo caeii?a i?i ia?aaaae i?ioean?a eiioeaio?aoe?? ?
niaoe?ae?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, iiaeeaeaiiai iiae?eo i?aoe? oa ??
eiiia?aoe?? i?ae ie?aieie aini?ic?aooieiaeie i?aiaeieie eieaeoeaaie oa
th?eaee/ieie iniaaie, ye? aeio?eiothoueny n?aici?i, aeei?enoiaothoue
aenieii?iaeoeoeai? oaoi?/i? caniae oa i?ia?aneai? oaoiieia?? ae?iuoaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ? oo?eiaiiy oaa?ei iacaeaaeii a?ae
oi?i aeaniino? ? ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy oa aeina?ae i?aeoe/ii? ?iaioe a n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoaao na?ae/aoue i?i ei?enoue i??i?eoaoiino? ?icaeoeo aaeeeeo
eieaeoeaieo aenieioaoiieia?/ieo i?aei?e?inoa, ui noai?ai? ia aac? ??cieo
oi?i aeaniino? ? ia`?aeiothoue o nai?io neeaae? ye
aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nuee? i?ae?icae?ee (aini?ic?aooieia?, i?aiaei?,
eiiia?aoeai?), oae ? th?eaee/i? iniae ??cieo oi?i aeaniino? oa
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, c ??ciei nooiaiai i?aeii?yaeeiaaiino? i?aae?iith
ainiiaea?noaa. ?acii c oei ?icaeoie oa ii?aeiaiiy iaeeo oi?i
ainiiaea?thaaiiy c aaeeeeie i?aei?e?inoaaie i? a yeiio ?ac? iaie ia
caia?a/othoueny ? i?e ?aoe?iiaeueiiio ii?aeiaii? oeeo i?aei?e?inoa iiaea
aooe aeinyaiooi iaeaeuiai aoaeoo, i?i ui na?ae/eoue ye na?oiaee, oae ?
aeina?ae ia?aoiaeo ia ?eieia? oiiae ainiiaea?thaaiiy a Oe?a?i?.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Noai ? ioe?iea ?acoeueoao?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy
aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?aei?e?inoa” i?iaiae?ciaaii no/aniee ??aaiue
ainiiaea?thaaiiy oa aeyaeaii oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo ?aoi?iiaaieo
eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa. Aiae?c ? ioe?iea
?acoeueoao?a ae?yeueiino? ainiiaea?noa iieacaee, ui ca ?iee ?aoi?ioaaiiy
?o aeiiii?/iee noai cia/ii iia??oeany. Ae?iaieoeoai aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe??
a n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? Oe?a?ie noaiiaeei a 1997 ?. eeoa 36,9% a?ae
??aiy 1990 ?., a i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe? cieceeanue a aeaa ?ace. Caeoee
o 1997 ?. o i?aei?e?inoaao I?iaa?ii?iio Oe?a?ie nyaaee 3625 iei. a?i.
Caeoeiaeie aoee 87,2% ainiiaea?noa, o 1998 ?. iaeaea 90% ?o caaaeueii?
/enaeueiino?.
Ioaea, ia?aaea/a o aeani?noue naeyiai iaeia ? caie?, caeiiiaeaa/a
iaae?eaiiy ainiiaea?noa aoaeue-yeeo oi?i aeaniino? i?aaaie naiino?eii
aeae?aoe iai?yie nai?? ae?yeueiino? oa ?icii?yaeaeaoenue ?acoeueoaoaie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia i?ecaaee aei aaaeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Ianyae
ae?iaieoeoaa ia c?inee ? eiai aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ia iie?ioeeanue,
a iaaiaee, oe? iieacieee ?noioii iia??oeeenue, oaeoi?e aeaniino? ia
noaee aecia/aeueieie o ae?yeueiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa.
I?eaaoia aeani?noue ? aeineoue iiceoeaiith aieeaiaith iniiaith a
ae?yeueiino? ethaeeie . Oea ia?aeiieeai aeiaaaeaii na?oiaei aeina?aeii
e?a?i c ?eieiaith aeiiii?eith. Aea ?acii c oeei iiaeii? aooe
a?aaoeueiaai? aea?aeaaith iae?iaeiiii?/i? ?eieia? iaoai?cie: oe?iiaa
ia?eoaoi?noue i?ae aaeocyie ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa; ni?eyoeeaa
o?iainiai-e?aaeeoia, ?iaanoeoe?eia ? iiaeaoeiaa nenoaie oa aeieaoa
aeanieeai caiaeueieo ia?a oi/a a i?i?iaeueieo aeea?aeaiae?a, ui aecia/a?
aeani?noue ye i?eaaoio.
Iaeiae ? ca oeeo neeaaeieo oiia ?acoeueoaoeai?noue ainiiaea?thaaiiy
cia/iith i??ith caeaaeeoue oaeiae ? a?ae aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
oaeoi??a, ??aiy i?aai?caoe?? ni?aae oa anoaiiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei ana?aaeei? i?aei?e?inoaa i?ae eiai oi?ioaaiiyie oa i?aae?iiyi
ainiiaea?noaa.
I?ia?aeieie oaeoi?aie, ye? aecia/athoue ??ciee ??aaiue ni?aa?aeiioaiue
i?ae cao?aoaie oa iaaeoiaeaeaiiyie a?ae ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe??, ?ia?o,
iineoa, aeyaeeenue oae?: i?aai?caoe?eia aoaeiaa i?aei?e?inoaa oa eiai
no?oeoo?a; ainiiaea?nueea naiino?ei?noue aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue uiaei ae??oaiiy iia?aoeaieo ieoaiue ae?yeueiino? oa
?icii?yaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoaoaie ainiiaea?thaaiiy; ??aaiue aeei?enoaiiy
aeeeaaeaieo i?aai?caoe?eieo iieiaeaiue, i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe?? i?aoe?
oa ae?iaie/eo i?ioean?a i?e oi?ioaaii? o?oaeiaeo eieaeoea?a,
i?aai?caoe?? ?iai/eo i?noeue oa aeeiiaii? ?ia?o; ?icaeoie ??ciiiai?oieo
aeae?a ae?iaie/i? oa i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? c o?aooaaiiyi
iiieoo ?eieo; noai?aiiy aeae?a i?iaeoeoe?? oa iaaeaiiy iineoa, ye?
aaciina?aaeiuei ?aae?cothoueny niiaeeaa/aa?, ui aea? ciiao iaoe iino?ei?
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy eioo?a, a ia o? eiooe, ui ? a “aei?ic?” aei
i?aei?e?inoaa ? nai?/anii ia niea/othoueny ca iinoaaeaio i?iaeoeoe?th
caaio?aaeueieie i?aai?caoe?yie.
I?iaaaeai? aeaoaeuei? iiiia?ao?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ia?aiiai aaciaiai ainiiaea?noaa AAO “Aa?io??ia
Neaaooe/” Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano? oa
eieaeoeaieo ainiiaea?noa oeueiai ae ?aeiio na?ae/aoue, ui ?aoe?iiaeueii
iiaoaeiaai? aioo??oi? aeiiii?/i? aca?iia?aeiineie a i?aei?e?inoa?
aeathoue ciiao cae?enithaaoe aaccaeoeiao ae?yeuei?noue.
Ii??aiyeuei? aeai? i?i ae?iaieoeoai i?iaeoeoe?? oa o?iainia? ?acoeueoaoe
ainiiaea?thaaiiy iaaaaeai? a oaaeeoeyo 1 ? 2.
Oaaeeoey 1- Aeeiai?ea ae?iaieoeoaa aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? oa i?yieo cao?ao
i?aoe? ia iniiai? aeaee i?iaeoeoe?? aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?aei?e?inoa
Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano? (a ii??aiyiieo
oe?iao 1996 ?.).
oen. a?i.; ethae. – aiae.;
Iieacieee
AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”
Eieaeoeai? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee?
i?aei?e?inoaa?iee199319951997199319951997Ae?iaeaii aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe??
– anueiai
1806
2161
2863
67555
51974
36826o oiio /ene? ia iaeia i?aei?e?inoai
1806
2161
2863
1986
1528
1083C ieo:
?ineeiieoeoai8118801256993932668oaa?eiieoeoai590796992981582397?eaieoeoa
i405485615———Cao?aoe i?aoe? ia ae?ia-ieoeoai 1 oe i?iaeoeoe?? :
ca?ii (aac eoeo?oaece)
0,62
0,59
0,56
0,69
1,2
1,17oeoe?ia?
ao?yee0,390,310,30,861,321,24iieiei5,75,55,47,748,5210,9i?e??no aaeeei?
?iaaoi? ooaeiae
44,46
42,1
41,2
35,2
47,3
67,8 i?e??no naeiae12799,486,1247,5246,9208,4
Ae?iaieoeoai aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? o AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”, ye aeaeii c
aeaieo oaae. 1, c?inei ca ?aooiie aeaio oaeoi??a: i?aeaeuaiiy
a?iaeaeiino? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?, i?iaeoeoeaiino? ooaeiae
? ?icoe?aiiy aa?io??ie a ?acoeueoao? aeia?ia?eueiiai i?e?aeiaiiy aei ia?
?ioeo ainiiaea?nueeeo no?oeoo?. Caaaeyee oeei oaeoi?ai ca?eueoaiiy
aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? ca aeine?aeaeoaaiee ia??iae noaiiaeei 1,6 ?aca, a
oiio /ene? a ?ineeiieoeoa? – a 1,5 ?aca ? oaa?eiieoeoa? – a 1,7 ?aca.
O ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio i?e iaci?iieo oa?eoi??aeueieo ? caiaeueieo
?ano?nao oa e?eueeino? ainiiaea?noa ae?iaieoeoai aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe??
cia/ii ciaioeeinue – o 1,8 ?aca, a oiio /ene? a ?ineeiieoeoa? – a 1,5
?aca ? oaa?eiieoeoa? – a 2,4 ?aca. A ?acoeueoao? c?inoaiiy a aa?io??i?
ae?iaie/eo iieaciee?a a?aeaoeinue ? caeiiii??ia cieaeaiiy cao?ao i?aoe?
ia iaeeieoeth i?iaeoeoe??. Ia ae?iaieoeoa? ca?iiaeo eoeueoo? ca
aeine?aeaeoaaiee ia??iae cao?aoe i?aoe? cieceeenue ia 9,7 % ?
noaiiaeee 0,56 ethae.–aaiae. ia 1oe, ii oeoe?iaeo ao?yeao – ia 23% ?
aeinyaee 0,3 ethae.–aiae. O ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio, iaaiaee, cao?aoe
i?aoe? ia ae?iaieoeoai ca?ia ca?eueoeeeny a 1,7 ?aca ? noaiiaeee 1,17
ethae.– aiae ia 1 oe, ia ae?iaieoeoa? oeoe?iaeo ao?ye?a c?inee a 1,44
?aca ? aeinyaee 1,24 ethae.– aiae ia 1 oe.
A ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio cao?aoe i?aoe? ia 1oe i?e?inoo aaeeei? ?iaaoi?
ooaeiae ca?eueoeeenyaa 1,9 ?aca ? aeinyaee 67,8 ethae.-aiae. ia 1
oe i?e?inoo. Oaea ae oaiaeaioe?y niinoa??aa?oueny ? i?e ae?iaieoeoa?
iieiea. O 1997 ?. cao?aoe nyaaee 10,9 ethae.-aiae.,
aai c?inee a 1,4 ?aca. A aa?io??i? ca oe? ?iee cao?aoe i?aoe? ia
i?e??no aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae eieeaaeenue a iaaeao 42-44 ethae.-aiae.,
i?e ae?iaieoeoa? iieiea – 6,9-5,4 ethae.-aiae. ia 1 oe, aai a?aeiia?aeii
ieae/? ii??aiyii c ainiiaea?noaaie ?aeiio ii iieieo – a 2 ?ace ?
i?e?inoo aaeeei? ?iaaoi? ooaeiae – a 1,6 ?aca.
?en. 1 Aeeiai?ea i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe? i?aei?e?inoa ca 1990-1997 ?.,
oen.a?i.
Iiae?aia oaiaeaioe?y niinoa??aa?oueny ? ii i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?.
Aeai?, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue ?? aeeiai?eo, iaaaaeai? ia ?en. 1. C ieo
aeaeii: yeui a 1990 ?. i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe? eieainio “Ia?aiiaa” (a
iiaeaeueoiio ia eiai aac? noai?aii AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”) noaiiaeea
14516 a?i., a a na?aaeiueiio ii ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio – 10383 a?i., aai
aoea ieae/ith ia 40%, oi ca ?iee ?aoi?ioaaiiy i?aei?e?inoa o ?eieia?
no?oeoo?e a aa?io??i? a 1993-1996 ??. aiia iacia/ii cieceeanue ?
eieeaaeanue a iaaeao 12,1-13,4 oen.a?i., a a ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio
nooo?ai cieaeoaaeanue. Oae, o 1997 ?. ii??aiyii c 1993 ?.
i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe? a aa?io??i? c?inea ia 39,2% ? noaiiaeea 16841
a?i., a a na?aaeiueiio ii ainiiaea?noaao ?aeiio ca oeae ia??iae
cieceeanue ia 33% ? noaiiaeea 5119 a?i., aai ieae/a ii??aiyii c
iieacieeaie aa?io??ie a 3,3 ?aca. Ii??aiyii c eieaeoeaieie
n?euenueei-ainiiaea?nueeeie i?aei?e?inoaaie Oe?a?ie i?iaeoeoeai?noue
i?aoe? a aa?io??i? a 1997 ?. aoea aeuith a 3,7 ?aca.
Iaaaaeai? a oaae. 2 ae?iaie/? oa aeiiii?/i? iieacieee a nai?e nooiino?
coiiaeee e e?ioeaa? o?iainia? ?acoeueoaoe ainiiaea?thaaiiy
aeine?aeaeoaaieo eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ia
ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.
Aeai? na?ae/aoue, ui a oe?eiio ii eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoaao, e??i AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”, niinoa??aa?oueny
caaaeueia oaiaeaioe?y aei niaaeo ae?iaieoeoaa, c?inoaiiy caeoeiaino?,
iiaeeaeaiiy e?eciaeo yaeu, ui a oe?eiio a?aeia?aaea? neooaoe?th, ui
neeaeany o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? Oe?a?ie ia ia?ao?aeiiio aoai?
aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. Iiaeeaeaia aea/aiiy oaeoi??a, ui coiiaeee
aoaeoeaio ainiiaea?nueeo ae?yeuei?noue a aa?io??i?, iieacaei, ui
ia?aaeuaiiy iaaeoiaeaeaiue iaae cao?aoaie ae?iaieoeoaa a?aeaoaa?oueny
caaaeyee canoinoaaiith i?ia?aneaieo ?iiiaaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e ae?iuoaaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? oa oo?eiaiiy oaa?ei, aeei?enoaiith
aenieii?iaeoeoeaii? oaoi?ee ? ?aoe?iiaeuei?e iiaoaeia?
aioo??oiuei-ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiiii?/ieo aca?iia?aeiinei i?ae
oi?ioaaiiyie i?aei?e?inoaa.
I?iaaaeai? niinoa?aaeaiiy ia aeeiiaii? ie?aieo o?oaeii?noeeo
oaoiieia?/ieo iia?aoe?e i?e ae?iuoaaii? iceii? ioaieoe? (ia i?aioe?,
i?aeaioiaoe? a?oioo, aianaii? aeia?ea, n?aa? oa cae?aii? a?iaeath) ca
o?aaeeoe?eiith oa ?iiiaaoe?eiith oaoiieia?yie iieacaei, ui aeo?aoe
iaeueiiai ia 1 aa ia oe? iia?aoe?? ca o?aaeeoe?eiith oaoiieia??th
noaiiaeee 31,7 ea, ca ?iiiaaoe?eiith (ii?aeiaiiy e?eueeio iia?aoe?e a
iaeiiio aa?aaao?) – 19 ea; iieaoa i?aoe? c ia?aooaaiiyie noaiiaeea
a?aeiia?aeii 5,12 ? 2,51 a?i. ia 1 aa.
Oaaeeoey 2- O?iainia? ?acoeueoaoe ae?yeueiino? oa aeei?enoaiiy i?eaooeo
aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?aei?e?inoa Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio
Ee?anueei? iaeano? , oen.aeie. NOA
Iieacieee
AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”Eieaeoeai? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee?
i?aei?e?inoaa
?iee199319951997199319951997Eo?n aeiea?a ia e?iaoeue ?ieo12610
e?a.179400 e?a.1,899 a?i.12610 e?a.179400 e?a.1,899 a?i.Iaaeoiaeaeaiiy
a?ae i?iaeaae1633,01081,01600,36246,07959,810072,0Iiaeaoie ia aeiaeaio
aa?o?noue (IAeA)185,6184,5266,4107,6958,01541,0Cao?aoe ia ae?iaieoeoai
oa ?aae?caoe?th i?iaeoeoe??1123,0519,41063,73723,06276,012073,0*enoee
i?eaooie ,
caeoie (-)313,4367,1231,22316,4491,8-4021,0??aaiue ?aioaaaeueiino?
caeoeiaino? (-) %27,969,621,762,27,8-33,3?iciiae?e i?eaooeo ia:
– i?eaeaaiiy iniiaieo oaoi?/ieo ? iai?ioieo cania?a
107,0
140,0
155,4
700,0
451,0
—- aoae?aieoeoai ae?iaie/eo ia’?eo?a179,090,059,8639,4——-
aoae?aieoeoai ia’?eo?a nioe?aeueii-iiaooiai?
?io?ano?oeoo?e30,038,116,068,0——- iaoa??aeueia noeioethaaiiy
i?aoe?aiee?a35,030,0—72,040,8—- aeieaoa
aeea?aeaiae?a43,221,869,0———Cae?eniaiee oaeoi?iee aiae?c
nia?aa?oino? iceii? ioaieoe? ii noaooyo cao?ao ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeo
eaioethaiaeo i?aenoaiiaie iieacaa, ui ca ?aooiie i?aeaeuaiiy
a?iaeaeiino? c 36,5 aei 62,4 oe/aa ? i?e ca?eueoaii? aeo?ao ia 1 aa ia
334 a?i. nia?aa?o?noue 1 oe ca?ia cieceeanue ia 1,62 a?i. Oiaoi
ca?eueoaiiy aeo?ao ia 1 aa ia 100 a?i. i?e ?aoe?iiaeueiiio ii?aeiaii?
oaoiieia?/ieo i?eeii?a aeiiiiaaa? cieaeoaaoe nia?aa?o?noue 1 oe iceii?
ioaieoe? ia 48 eii.
Nenoaiiee aiae?c aeyaeaiiy oaeoi??a, ye? aeaee ciiao ca oeeo aea
iani?eyoeeaeo ciai?oi?o oiia i?eaooeia?e ae?yeueiino? AAO “Aa?io??ia
Neaaooe/” iieacaa, ui oea aeinyaiooi caaaeyee aeaii a?oiai oaeoi??a:
1.Ae?iaie/eo, ye? aacothoueny ia ?icaeoeo aaaaoiaaeocaaiai
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai, i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ia?a?iaoe?
ae?iaeaii? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? ? ?eaii? i?iaeoeoe?? oa
aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeiio a?aaoethaaii? aea?aaeaioiiai iai?io i?ae
i?ae?icae?eaie, ui noeioeth? o?oae?aiee?a aei aenieii?iaeoeoeaii?
i?aoe?.
2. ?aae?caoe?eieo: ?icae??aia oi?a?aey, iineoae, ui aeaei iiaeeea?noue
ca?eueooaaoe ae?o/eo a?ae ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoeoe?? ia ca ?aooiie
i?aeaeuaiiy oe?i, a a ?acoeueoao? onoiaiiy iina?aaeieea – ia?a?iaieea oa
iieoioey-iioiaeea.
Ioaea, c aeeeaaeaiiai aeieeaa? aeniiaie, ui iaa?oue o oaeiio, aeineoue
iani?eyoeeaiio aeey n?eueainioiaa?iae?iaieea na?aaeiaeu? iiaeia
ciaoiaeeoe oeyoe ia eeoa aeey “aeaeeaaiiy”, aea e aeey cae?eniaiiy
?icoe?aiiai a?aeoai?aiiy ? i?eaooeiaiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy caaaeyee
aaeineiiaeaiith i?aai?caoe?eieo ainiiaea?nueeeo no?oeoo? oa ?o
ae?yeueiino?.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “Noai?aiiy ?ioaa?iaaieo i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo no?oeoo?
o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoaao” ii?aoeueiaai? ieoaiiy
aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa ia iniia? ?icaeoeo ?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a, a?aaoethaaiiy
aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei aea?aaeaioiiai iai?io c ia?a?iaieie
i?aei?e?inoaaie oa aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeiai a?aaoethaaiiy
aea?aa-eaioiiai iai?io i?ae i?ae?icae?eaie caaaeyee anoaiiaeaiith
ia?eoaoieo ?ic?aooieiaeo oe?i oeyoii ia?a?iciiae?eo a?ioiaeo
iaaeoiaeaeaiue c i?eaooeiaeo oi?ioaaiue.
A?aeiia?aeii aei oeeo aeiia ? aoea ?ic?iaeaia ca o/anoth aaoi?a
i?aai?caoe?eia no?oeoo?a AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/ ”, yea iaaaaeaia ia
?en. 2.
Aeey ?aaoethaaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeiai aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
onoaiia/eie aeieoiaioaie AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/” ia?aaeaa/aii
anoaiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeiai aea?aaeaioiiai iai?io. A ?ac?,
yeui i?iaeoeoe?y (iineoae) ie?aieo i?ae?icae?e?a c iacaeaaeieo a?ae ieo
i?e/ei ? caeoeiaeie aai iecueei?aioaaaeueieie, ia?aaeaa/a?oueny
anoaiiaeaiiy oe?i aeey oeeo i?ae?icae?e?a oaeeie, ui a?aeoeiaeiaothoue
cao?aoe ? aeathoue iiaeeea?noue io?eiaoe na?aaei?e i?eaooie ii AAO
“Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”. Eiooe aeey ca?eueoaiiy oe?i ia i?iaeoeoe?th oeeo
i?ae?icae?e?a ia?aaeaa/aii aeae?eyoe ca ?aooiie
caaaeueiiainiiaea?nueeiai oiiaeo aa?io??ie.
Ia?aaaaith iaaaaeaii? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e ? oa, ui iaaeiei
aieiaiiai i?aei?e?inoaa ia’?aeiaeeny th?eaee/i? iniae, ye? iaaoee
noaoono aei/??i?o i?aei?e?inoa c? nai?ie aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeie
oi?ioaaiiyie. O neeaae? inoaii?o oaeiae ? ie?ai? th?eaee/i? iniae ?
aini?ic?aooieia? i?ae?icae?ee c aenieei ??aiai naiino?eiino?
ainiiaea?thaaiiy ? a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? ca eiai ?acoeueoaoe.
Oaa?eiieoeueeee
AAO “Aa?io??ia Caa?i ii
ae?iuoaaiith
eiiieaen
Neaaooe/”
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei?
i?iaeoeoe??
Iaoai?ciaai? caaiie ?1
Caa?i ca?iicae?aeueii?
oa ?2 ii ae?iaieoeoao
oaoi?ee
i?iaeoeoe?? ?ineeiieoeoaa Aei/??i? i?aei?e?inoaa
Aieiaia i?aei?e?inoai Caa?i ei?iicae?aeueii?
Aoae?aaeueii-?aiiioiee (AeI)
“Ia?aiiaa”
oaoi?ee
i?ae?icae?e
Oa?ia A?O AeI “Ieaicaaiae
Ieaiiai-o?iainiaee a?ae- Iaoai?/ia iaenoa?iy
Oaa/aie?anueeee”
ae?e (o?iainiai-?ic?a-
Iaoai?ciaaiee caa?i ii
ooieiaee oeaio?)
Aaoiaa?aae
ae?iaieoeoao i?iaeoeoe?? O?e?y “E?niaa ”
?ineeiieoeoaa
Iaoeiii-oaoiieia?/ia
Ae?eueieoey
noaioe?y (ION)
aia?aiiinoa/aiiy
Aoae?aaeueii- ?aiiioiee AeI “Aieoaa ieaa”
i?ae?icae?e
?aiiioii-o?ainii?oiee
Noaioe?y oaoi?/iiai ianeo-
AeI “Aeaeueoa”
oeao
aiaoaaiiy iaoei (NOI)
OIA “*oaoee” (oeao ?eai-
aeiaoaaiiy, oeao ia?a?ia-
Aaca iaooii?iaeoeo?a OIA
“I??y”(o??iia? iaaa-
ee ?eae)
ceie, i?/ia oi?a?aey, eaoa
Ianeoaiaoth/? i?ae?icae?ee
“Iaiooi”)
Oeaaaeueiee caaiae
Oeaio?aeueiee neeaae
Oeaio?aeueia ?aeaeueiy
Aoae?aaeueiee oeao
AEeoeiai-eiioiaeueia
OIA “Na?oycue” —
ae?eueieoey
iaoai?ciaaiee caa?i
iiooaeii? oaoi?ee
(o?aeoi?e,aoeueaeica?e)
?en.2 I?aai?caoe?eia no?oeoo?a AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”
Ia?ayneaa-Oiaeueieoeueeiai ?aeiio Ee?anueei? iaeano?.
I?ei?oea: _______ i?yi? ca’ycee; ——— ooieoe?iiaeuei? ca’ycee;
A?O – aaeeea ?iaaoa ooaeiaa;
OIA – oiaa?enoai c iaiaaeaiith a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noth.
aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeie oi?ioaaiiyie, a i?ae
niaith th?eaee/i? iniae iathoue ooieoe?iiaeuei? ca’ycee, ca aeiiiiiaith
yeeo ia aeiaia??i?e iniia? ?aaoeththoueny aeiiii?/i? aca?iia?aeiineie ii
an?o aeaeao ae?yeueiino?.
Na?aae aieiaieo iai?yi?a iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo aca?iiaea?aeieo
aeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei i?ae oiaa?iae?iaieeaie ? ia?a?iaieeaie ?o
ne?iaeie, ye? a?aeiia?aeaee a aeiiaai ae?? iaoai?ci?a aeiiii?/ieo
caeii?a uiaei ia?aaaa aaeeeiai ae?iaieoeoaa, eiai eiioeaio?aoe?? oa
niaoe?ae?caoe??, iiae?eo i?aoe? oa ?? eiiia?aoe??, ui aea? ciiao
canoinoaaoe no/ani? na?oia? i?ia?aneai? oaoiieia??, aenieii?iaeoeoeaio
oaoi?eo, caaaeyee /iio cieaeothoueny cao?aoe ae?iaieoeoaa an?o eiai
o/aniee?a, ?, ye i?aeoaa?aeeee aeine?aeaeaiiy, aeaa iniiai?:
1. Anaa?/iee ?icaeoie ?ioaa?aoe?? oa eiiia?aoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa ??cieo oi?i aeaniino? c
ia?a?iaieie, ianeoaiaoth/eie, oi?aiaaeueieie i?aei?e?inoaaie oa
anoaiiaeaiiy i?ae ieie noaa?eueieo i?aai?caoe?eieo ? aeiiii?/ieo
ca’yce?a o noa?? ia?a?iaee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueei? ne?iaeie oa ??
?aae?caoe??, caaacia/aiiy oiaa?iae?iaieea iai?ioieie caniaaie oa
cae?eniaiiy oaoi?/iiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy neeaaeieo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo iaoei. ?iciiae?eue/? a?aeiineie i?ae iacaaieie
ia?oia?aie iathoue aooe iiaoaeiaai? ca oaeeie iaoiaeaie:
– anoaiiaeaiiy aeiaia??ieo oe?i i?ae oiaa?iae?iaieeaie, ia?a?iaieeaie,
iinoa/aeueieeaie oa na?a?nieie i?ae?icae?eaie, ye? iaeiaeiai
a?aoiaoaaee a ?ioa?ane an?o o/aniee?a ? ia?aaeaa/aee ?iciiae?e ae?o/ee
a?ae ?aae?caoe?? e?ioeaai? i?iaeoeoe?? i?iii?oe?eii iinoaaeaiei ianyaai
i?iaeoeoe?? c o?aooaaiiyi aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa;
– aecia/aiiy ieoiii? aaae o ae?o/oe? a?ae ?aae?caoe?? e?ioeaai?
i?iaeoeoe?? eiaeiiai o/anieea i?iii?oe?eii ii?iaoeaiei cao?aoai
ae?iaieoeoaa a iaeeieoe? e?ioeaai? i?iaeoeoe??.
2. Noai?aiiy ?aeeieo aaeeeeo ?ioaa?iaaieo aenieioaoiieia?/ieo
aeoe?iia?ieo ia’?aeiaiue, iaoeiai-ae?iaie/eo eiiieaen?a, eiioea?i?a,
eiiiai?e oa ?ioeo oi?ioaaiue ii ae?iaieoeoao, ia?a?iaoe? i?iaeoeoe??,
iaaeaii? iineoa, o oi?a?ae? (a oiio /ene? o ciai?oi?e), o aaie?anuee?e
noa??, ye? ae?thoue ca ?aeeiei ainiiaea?nueeei ieaiii, anoaiiaeththoue
aioo??oi? ia?eoaoi? oe?ie i?ae oi?ioaaiiyie (th?eaee/ieie,
aini?ic?aooieiaeie iniaaie) noai?aiiai ia’?aeiaiiy, aeei?enoiaoth/e
i?ioyaii ?ieo caaaeueiiainiiaea?nuee? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy oai ? oiae?, eiee
aiie iaea?eueo iaiao?aei? aeey ae?yeueiino?.
Aoaeoeai?noue oaei? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e iiaeia i?aeoaa?aeeoe
aeaieie, iaaaaeaieie a iiia?aaei?o i?ae?icae?eao ae?oaiai ?icae?eo i?i
?acoeueoaoe ainiiaea?thaaiiy AAO “Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/” oa i?i?ethno?oaaoe
i?aai?caoe?ei? ??oaiiy ii cae?eniaiith ainiiaea?nueeeo aeiiii?/ieo
aca?iia?aeiinei i?ioyaii ?ieo.
Ae?yeuei?noue oi?ioaaiue (oaae.3) cae?enith?oueny ca ?aeeiei
ainiiaea?nueeei ieaiii aa?io??ie. I?iieneiaa i?aei?e?inoai “Aeaeueoa”
(th?eaee/ia iniaa a neeaae? aa?io??ie) i?ioyaii ?ieo ia oeaaaeueiiio
caaiae? ae?iaey? oeaaeo ? aeei?enoiao? ia?aaaaeii aeaniee aoae?aaeueiee
oeao, yeee ?icaoaeiao? ia eeoa aa?io??io, aea e aeeiio? ?iaioe ia
caiiaeaiiy aoaeue-yeei noa’?eoai ainiiaea?thaaiiy o ?aa?ii?. Oeaaaeueiee
caaiae caeao oeaaeo ?aae?co? ??ciei niiaeeaa/ai. O iani?eyoeeaee aeey
aoae?aieoeoaa ceiiaee ia??iae aoae?aaeueiee oeao aeaioiaey? ??ciiiai?oi?
noiey?i? ae?iae, iaaea? iineoae c aeaioiaeaiiy oeeo ae?ia?a caiiaieeai.
Aea?aaiia?iaiee oeao ia?a?iaey? ca ??e aeecueei 600 i3 aea?aaeie.
Oaaeeoey 3- Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ainiiaea?nueei? ae?yeueiino? AAO
“Aa?io??ia Neaaooe/”, oen. a?i.
Iieacieee ii ?ieaoI?ae?icae?ee
? aeaee
i?iaeoeoe??iaaeoiaeaeai- iy a?ae i?iaeaaeoiiaeaoie ia aeiaeaio aa?o?noue
(IAeA)aeo?aoe ia ae?iaieoeo-ai ? ?aae?caoe?th i?iaeoeoe??aaeiaee
i?eaooie, caeoie
(-)/enoee i?eaooie, caeoie
(-)??aaiue ?aioaaaeue-
iino?,
caeoei-
aino? (-)%199619971996199719961997199619971996199719961997Ieaicaaiae
“Oaa/aie?a-
nueeee”
(th?eaee/ia
iniaa)100915872003179011316-92-46-92-61-10,2-4,6 a o./.:iieiei
512506,1102101390320208520705,121,8i’yni
229228,24646269287-86-105-86-105-32-36,6i?iaeoeoe?y
?ineeiieoeoaa26885352170242709-26-26-26-26-10,7-3,6AeI “Aieoaa Ieaa”
(th?eaee/ia iniaa)857610,717112234140334585,725270,573,917,5a o./.:?eaa
noaaeiaa500389,9100781562482446417152109,621?eaa ??/eiaa
21290,74218685610216,78213,412024?eaa eii/aia
145130,2292611799-15-14-1,14I?iii?ae-i?e?inoai
“Aeaeueoa”13022726455889469337746483?io? i?ae?icae?ee
2345614,2214221680212451275,331683,518,839,3?acii ii
aa?io??i?349130396115062209202067140853741124,321,8
Iaoai?ciaaiee aoae?aaeueiee caa?i iiooaeii? oaoi?ee, yeee oaeiae ? o
neeaae? “Aeaeueoe”, ooieoe?iio? i?ioyaii ?ieo ia ia’?eoao aa?io??ie ?
iaaea? iineoae noi?iii?i niiaeeaa/ai. Iino?ei? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy eioo?a
oeueiai oi?ioaaiiy ca ??oaiiyi i?aae?iiy aeei?enoiaothoueny e ?ioeie
oi?ioaaiiyie ia aaci?ioeaioi?e e?aaeeoi?e iniia? a i?ioean? ae?iaieoeoaa
c iiaa?iaiiyi ?o i?ney ?aae?caoe?? nai?? i?iaeoeoe??.
Ca oaeith ae noaiith i?aoeth? ? iaoeiii-oaoiieia?/ia noaioe?y (ION):
aeeiiaaoe aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nuee? caiiaeaiiy, iaaea? iineoae ii
ae?iuoaaiith ? cae?aiith n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? ?ioei
caiiaieeai.
Ainiiaea?nueea oiaa?enoai “I??y” (th?eaee/ia iniaa) cae?enith?
?icae??aio oi?a?aeth ??ciiiai?oieie i?iaeoeoaie, a oiio /ene? e
iaaeaniiai ae?iaieoeoaa, ia? o nai?io neeaae? eaoa oa ?aeaeueith ?
i?aoeth? oe?ei??/ii. Uiaeaii? a?ioia? iaaeoiaeaeaiiy aa?io??ia
iia?aoeaii aeei?enoiao? aeey e?eoe/ieo iio?aa o aoaeue-yeiio
i?ae?icae?e? i?ioyaii ?ieo ia iniia? aaci?ioeaioiiai e?aaeeoo. Oaea
nenoaia aca?iia?aeiinei aea? ciiao iia?aoeaii ae??ooaaoe o?iainia?
ieoaiiy an??? neeaaeii? nenoaie ae?yeueiino? a ?aeeiiio aeiiii?/iiio
iinoi?? e aoaeoeaii ainiiaea?thaaoe.
AENIIAEE
I?iaaaeaia aeine?aeaeaiiy noaio ?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa o ?eieia? no?oeoo?e oa ?icaeoeo a ieo i?aei?e?iieoeueei?
ae?yeueiino? na?ae/eoue, ui aeiiii?/i? ?aoi?ie a
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nuee?e aaeoc? AIE aeyaeeenue iaei aoaeoeaieie. C ?o
aeiiiiiaith ia aaeaeiny ?ica’ycaoe neeaaeieo ieoaiue c?inoaiiy
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa. Iaaiaee, i?e ?o cae?eniaii?
?noioii iiaeeaeeeny e?ecia? yaeua a aaeoc?, ui i?ecaaei aei cia/iiai
ciaioaiiy ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa oa ca?eueoaiiy eiai caeoeiaino?.
Ae?iaieoeoai aaeiai? i?iaeoeoe?? a n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? a 1997 ?.
noaiiaeei eeoa 36,9% ??aiy 1990 ?., a i?iaeoeoeai?noue i?aoe?
cieceeanue o aeaa ?ace. Caeoee eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa noaiiaeee 3625 iei.a?i., caeoeiaeie aoee 87,2% caaaeueii?
e?eueeino? i?aei?e?inoa.
Aeyaeai? a i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiue oaeoi?e iaaoaeoeaiiai ia?aoiaeo
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa aei ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aeaee
ciiao ie?aneeoe iniiai? i?e/eie oaeiai noaio a aaeoc? oa aianoe
i?iiiceoe?? uiaei eiai iie?ioaiiy oeyoii ci?ie ciai?oi?o oa
aaeineiiaeaiiy aioo??oi?o ?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a.
Cae?eniaia ocaaaeueiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo ia?aoai?aiue a aa?ii?iieneiaiio
eiiieaen? ii ?aoi?ioaaiith aeaniino? oa iaaeaii? oe?iei? naiino?eiino?
ainiiaea?thaaiiy na?ae/eoue, ui aac aei?noeiai aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy
iae?iaeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo iaoai?ci?a iaiiaeeeai caaacia/eoe i?eaooeiao
ae?iaie/o ae?yeuei?noue. Na?aae aieiaieo iae?iaeiiii?/ieo ?eieiaeo
iaoai?ci?a, ui coiiaeththoue iaiao?aei?noue aea?aeaaiiai ?aaoethaaiiy,
?:
– ia?eoaoi?noue oe?i ia i?iaeoeoe?th aaeocae ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa;
– noai?aiiy ni?eyoeeai? o?iainiai-e?aaeeoii? oa iiaeaoeiai? nenoai, aac
/iai iaiiaeeeai ae??oeoe ieoaiiy aoaeoeaiiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy a oae?e
o?oaeii?noe?e ? e?aaeeoii?noe?e aaeoc? c iiaeiaaeaiei ia?aii iai?ioieo
eioo?a, ye n?euenueea ainiiaea?noai.
Aca?iia?aeiineie n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa c
aenieioaoiieia?/ieie i?iieneiaeie ia?a?iaieie i?aei?e?inoaaie, ye?
iaeiaeiaith i??ith a?aoiaoaaee a ?ioa?ane an?o o/aniee?a, aeioe?eueii
anoaiiaethaaoe ca oaeeie iaoiaeaie:
– anoaiiaeaiiy ia?eoaoieo aeiaia??ieo oe?i cae?enithaaoe caeaaeii a?ae
ieoiii? aaae o ae?o/oe? a?ae ?aae?caoe?? e?ioeaai? i?iaeoeoe??
i?iii?oe?eii ianyaai iinoaaie oa ii?iaoeaiei cao?aoai ae?iaieoeoaa;
– ca oiia caeoeiaeo ?acoeueoao?a ia ie?ai? aeaee ia?a?iaeaii?
i?iaeoeoe?? caeoee i?ae ia?oia?aie oaeiae ?iciiae?eythoueny i?iii?oe?eii
ianyaai iinoaaie.
Oaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa aeiiii?/ii aea?aeii cae?enithaaoe ia iniia? noai?aiiy
aaeeeeo ?ioaa?iaaieo aenieioaoiieia?/ieo ia’?aeiaiue ii ae?iaieoeoao
i?iaeoeoe??, ?? ia?a?iaoe?, iaaeaii? iineoa, ae?iaieoeoao i?iieneiaeo
oiaa??a, ?icae??ai?e oi?a?ae?, ye? ae?thoue ca ?aeeiei ainiiaea?nueeei
ieaiii, aeei?enoiaoth/e i?ioyaii ?ieo caaaeueiiainiiaea?nuee?
iaaeoiaeaeaiiy oai ? oiae?, eiee aiie iaea?eueo iaiao?aei? aeey
ae?yeueiino?.
Oa?aeoa?iith iciaeith oaeiai ia’?aeiaiiy ? caieioo?noue aca?iiiia’ycaieo
i?ioean?a, iiaeeaeaiee aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeee iiae?e i?aoe? oa eiai
eiiia?aoe?y i?e ae?iaieoeoa? e ?aae?caoe?? e?ioeaai? i?iaeoeoe??, ?ia?o,
iineoa.
Ca oaeeo oiia noai?ththoueny iiaeeeaino? eiioeaio?aoe?? eai?oaeo,
aio/eiai iaiaa?oaaiiy eiooaie i?ioyaii ?ieo ? ii/a?aiaiai
eiioeaio?oaaiiy ?o aeeaaeaiiy o iaeaea?aei?o? noa?e ae?yeueiino?
a?aeiia?aeii aei iiieoo ?eieo.
?aaoethaaiiy oa aaeineiiieaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo ?eieiaeo
a?aeiinei iio??aii cae?enithaaoe ca oaeeie iai?yieaie:
– anoaiiaeaiiy i?ae i?ae?icae?eaie i?aei?e?inoaa ?eieiaeo i?eioeei?a,
ye? aacothoueny ia eoi?ae?-i?iaeaaeo, c o?aooaaiiyi iiieoo, i?iiiceoe??,
oe?ie;
– i?aeaeuaiiy naiino?eiino? ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue uiaei ae??oaiiy
iia?aoeaieo ieoaiue ae?yeueiino? oa ?icii?yaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoaoaie nai??
i?aoe?;
-canoinoaaiiy aea?aaeaioieo aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo ?ic?aooieiaeo
oe?i c o?aooaaiiyi o?oaeii?noeino? ae?iaethaaii? i?iaeoeoe??,
na?aaeiueiai ??aiy i?eaooeiaino? ii ainiiaea?noao, a ?acoeueoao?
?aaoethaaiiy oa ia?a?iciiae?eo iaaeoiaeaeaiue i?eaooeiaeo oi?ioaaiue.
Nienie iioae?eiaaieo i?aoeue ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??:
1. Naoiaae/ A.A. I?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e ?aoi?iiaaieo ainiiaea?noa oa
aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue ?o ae?yeueiino?//Iaoeiaee a?niee IAO:
Ca.iaoe.i?. – 1999. – Aei.15. – N.47-52.
2. Naoiaae/ A.A. Oaeineiiaeaiiy aioo??oiueiainiiaea?nueeeo aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa//A?niee aa?a?ii? iaoee.
– 1999. – ? 4. – N.82.
3. Naoiaae/ A.A. ?ioaa?aoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
oi?ioaaiue//Aeni?an-iiaeie: iaoea, oaoi?ea, ae?iaieoeoai Oe??IOA?:
Ca.iaoe.i?. – 1999. – Aei.7-8. – N.48-50.4
4. Naoiaae/ A.A. ?aca?ae i?aeaeuaiiy aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
ainiiaea?thaaiiy // Aeiiii?ea AIE-1999.-? 10.-N.51-56.
Naoiaae/ A.A. I?aai?caoe?y n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue
?eieiaiai oeio oa ?o i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.01 – aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa. – Iaoe?iiaeueiee aa?a?iee oi?aa?neoao, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeeeaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe eiiieaeniiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo i?iaeai aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo
??cieo aeae?a ?aoi?iiaaieo eieaeoeaieo n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoa c ia?nii?o?eiaaiith aeani?noth ia iaeii oa caieth ia
ia?ao?aeiiio aoai? aei ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. ?ic?iaeai? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? ?
i?iiiceoe?? i?aeaeuaiiy aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? ainiiaea?thaaiiy ca
?aooiie ?aoe?iiaeueiiai ii?aeiaiiy ciai?oiueiai ? aioo??oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua oa ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino?.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: i?aai?caoe?y, ?aoi?ioaaiiy, ?ioaa?aoe?y,
i?aei?e?iieoeoai, aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue, ?eiie, oe?ia, iiieo,
i?iiiceoe?y.
Naoiaae/ A.A. I?aaiecaoeey naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo oi?ie?iaaiee ?uii/iiai
oeia e eo i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.01 – yeiiiieea i?aaei?eyoey e i?aaiecaoeey
i?iecaiaenoaa. –Iaoeeiiaeueiue aa?a?iue oieaa?neoao, a.Eeaa, 1999.
Eceiaeaiu ?acoeueoaou eiiieaeniiai enneaaeiaaiey
oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieiae/aneeo e i?aeoe/aneeo i?iaeai yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey ?aciuo aeaeia ?aoi?ie?iaaiiuo eieeaeoeaiuo
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee n ia?niieoeoee?iaaiiie
nianoaaiiinoueth ia n?aaenoaa i?iecaiaenoaa e caieth ia ia?aoiaeiii
yoaia e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi.
Nouiinoue iao/iie iiaeciu enneaaeiaaiey caeeth/aaony a iaiauaiee
oai?aoe/aneeo e caeiiiaeaoaeueii-i?aaiauo iieiaeaiee ?aoi?ie?iaaiey
eieoicia e niaoicia a eieeaeoeaiua i?aaei?eyoey n ?uii/iuie ioiioaieyie.
Auyaeaiu iniiaiua iao?aaoee?iaaiiua ainoaea?noaii iae?iyeiiiie/aneea
?uii/iua iaoaieciu ia ia?aoiaeiii yoaia e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi e
i?aaeeiaeaiu ia?u ii eo o?aaoee?iaaieth.
?ac?aaioaiu iniiaiua i?eioeeiu onoaiiaeaiey e niaiauaiey a
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo ?aciuo aeaeia aeayoaeueiinoe ia
ia?aoiaeiii yoaia e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi ii noaia: i?iecaiaenoai
naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, aa ia?a?aaioea, ?acaeoea
aeiiieieoaeueiuo e aniiiiaaoaeueiuo io?aneae ii i?iecaiaenoao
ianaeueneioicyenoaaiiuo oiaa?ia, i?aaiecaoeey ?acee/iuo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo, o?ainii?oiuo, ?aiiioiuo e ae?oaeo oneoa, ?icie/iay
oi?aiaey.
I?aaeeiaeaia iaoiaeeea onoaiiaeaiey aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo ?an/aoiuo oeai
ia i?iaeoeoeeth, eioi?ay iaania/eaaao yeaeaaeaioiue iaiai iaaeaeo
iiae?acaeaeaieyie a i?ioeanna eo aeayoaeueiinoe ia ?uii/iuo i?eioeeiao
eoiee-i?iaeaaee i?e i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee ?acee/iie o?oaeiaieinoe,
/oi iaania/eaaaony ca n/ao ia?a?ani?aaeaeaiey aeioiaeia i?eaueueiuo
iiae?acaeaeaiee.
Ii?aaeaeaiu iaoiaee/aneea iiaeoiaeu e eioaa?aoeee ?acee/iuo
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo oi?ie?iaaiee eae oic?an/aoiuo, oae e th?eaee/aneeo
eeoe a aaeeiue i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oicyenoaaiiue eiiieaen, ooieoeeiie?oaiue
a caieiooii oaoiieiae/aneii e yeiiiie/aneii i?ino?ainoaa, n
eiioeaio?aoeeae aeaiaaeiuo iinooieaiee a oeiainiai-?an/aoiii oeaio?a
i?aaei?eyoey e eo eniieueciaaieai ia i?ioyaeaiee aiaea aeey
e?aaeeoiaaiey oao iiae?acaeaeaiee, a eioi?uo aicieeaao oaeay
iio?aaiinoue.
Iainiiaaiu yeiiiie/aneea acaeiiioiioaiey oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaey
naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee e i?aaei?eyoee i?iiuoeaiiie aa
ia?a?aaioee ia iniiaa onoaiiaeaiey aeiaiai?iuo ?an/aoiuo oeai n o/aoii
oaeaeueiiai aana i?iaeoeoeee oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaey a eiia/iii i?iaeoeoa.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: i?aaiecaoeey, ?aoi?ie?iaaiea, eioaa?aoeey,
i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoai, yeiiiie/aneay yooaeoeaiinoue, ?uiie, oeaia,
ni?in, i?aaeeiaeaiea.
Sakhnevich B.V. The organization of the market type agricultural
enterprises and its undertaking activities. – Manuscript.
Thesis on competition of scientific degree of the candidate of
economic sciences on a speciality 08.06.01- business economics
and organization of production.- National agrarian university ,
Kiev ,1999.
The results of complex researches theoretical, methodological and
practical problems of economic development of different kinds reformated
collective agricultural enterprises with personifed by property on
prodaction assets and ground on transitive stage to market relations are
stated.
We suggest some recomendations about raising activity’s economic
efficiency at the course of rational combination external and inner
environment and the undertakind activity development.
The kew words: organithation, reformation, integration, undertakind
activity, economic efficiency, market, price, demand, supply.
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