OA?E?ANUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE OI?AA?NEOAO
Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno
Ianna? Caeiaa Ae?
OAeE 339.91:330.3402
E?a?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o nenoai? i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?:
i?iaeaia aaeaioaoe??
niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.01.01 – aeiiii?/ia oai??y
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Oa?e?a – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?e?anueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? I?iina?oe
Oe?a?ie
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee – eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?E?NIAEOeUeEEE AIEIAeEIE? IEEIEAEIAE*,Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee
oi?aa?neoao, i?ioani? eaoaae?e aeiiii?/ii? oai??? oa aeiiii?/ieo
iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? I?OAIEI
AIEIAeEIE? ssEEIIAE*, Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee iie?oaoi?/iee
oi?aa?neoao,caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?ith a?ciano oa eiio?iee?iaoeaiaeeaeao
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio?AOIAI IAOAOAO?Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee
oi?aa?neoao, aeioeaio eaoaae?e noaoenoeee oa iae?eo
I?ia?aeia i?aai?caoe?y: Iaoe?iiaeueia th?eaee/ia Aeaaeai?y ?i.ss?ineaaa
Ioae?iai,eaoaae?a aeiiii?/ii? oai???, I?iina?oe Oe?a?ie, Oa?e?a.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny ” 6 ” eenoiiaaea 1998 ?. i 17-00 aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.051.01 o Oa?e?anueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio oi?aa?neoao? ca aae?anith: 310077, Oa?e?a, ie. Naiaiaee,
4, aoae. V-67.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny a Oeaio?aeuei?e iaoeia?e
a?ae?ioaoe? OAeO ca aae?anith: 310077, Oa?e?a, ie. Naiaiaee, 4, 8
iiaa?o, 4 cae.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee ” 5 ” aeiaoiy 1998 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Niaie?a A.I.5
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. A?n?iaeanyo? ? ii/aoie 90-o ?ie?a a?aecia/ai?
i?ioeanaie aaeaioaoe?? ainiiaea?/eo no?oeoo? e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny,
aei iiaeo ?aae?e ie?iai? aeiiii?ee. Iaiao?aei?noue aeeaeiieo
no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue onoaea ia?aae ieie a ca’yceo c ea?aeeiaeueieie
c?ooaiiyie a i?aeia?iaeiiio ?iciiae?e? i?aoe?, ui noaeeny aiane?aeie
?aaiethoe?eieo ci?i o oaoi?oe? ? oaoiieia??. Oei /anii ae??oaiiy oe???
caaea/? na?eicii oneeaaeithaaeiny iaee?oii?oeie e?eciaeie iio?yn?iiyie
na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, iane?aeee yeeo aeyaeeeny iniaeeai aaaeeeie
aeey e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny.
Ia?o? aino?i a?ae/ooi? iciaee e?ece i?iyaeeeny ia ii/aoeo 70-o ?ie?a o
ca’yceo c caaino?aiiyi na?oiai? aia?aaoe/ii? i?iaeaie ? ??ceei
c?inoaiiyi oe?i ia aia?aiiin??, ianaiia?aae iaooo. C iaeiiai aieo, oey
neooaoe?y noeioethaaea ia?ao?ae aei aia?aicaa??aath/eo oaoiieia?e,
iane?aeeii /iai noaea ei??iia ci?ia o?aaeeoe?eieo aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiioaiue i?ae ??ciiiai?oieie naeoi?aie na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa; c
?ioiai aieo – cia/ii iia??oeeiny o?iainiaa noaiiaeua e?a?i-?iii?oa??a
iaooe, ye? c?oeioeeny ?c c?inoath/eie aeao?oeeoaie athaeaeao?a ?
ieao?aeieo aaeain?a, ui o naith /a?ao ia iiaei ia a?aeaeoeny iaaaoeaii
ia ?icaeoeo on??? nenoaie na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a.
O 80-o ?ieao iaea?eueo na?eiciith iciaeith i?iyao e?ece noaea
eieinaeueia ciai?oiy caai?aiaai?noue e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny.
Iia’ycai? c oeei ii?ooaiiy o ooieoe?iioaaii? na?oiai?
aaethoii-o?iainiai? nenoaie iaa?oaeeny aeey a?eueoino? e?a?i Ao?eee ?
Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee oe?eei “caaoaeaiei aeanyoee?ooyi”, ui c?iaeei
iii?oiee aeai?aneaiee aieea ia ana na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai.
O 90-o ?ieao aeeaiea na?oiainiiaea?nueea e?eca aoea iiaeeaeaia
eaoano?ioith oae caaii? “nioe?ae?noe/ii? nenoaie ainiiaea?noaa”, ui
i?aoaiaeoaaea ia aeueoa?iaoeaiee oeyo noni?eueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo
ethaenueei? oeea?e?caoe??. ?iciaae aeiea nioe?ae?noe/ieo e?a?i, a iio?i
? naiiai N?N? ii?ooea nai???aeio ??aiiaaao a caaaeuei?e aaiiie?oe/i?e
neooaoe?? o na?o? ? noaa aeanoaa?e?coth/ei oaeoi?ii o ?icaeoeo
na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.
E?eca noi?iiaaii? no?oeoo?e na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa c on??th aino?ioith
noaaeoue i?iaeaio iiooeo oeyo?a caaeainoaaiiy neeaaeiaeo eiai
aeaiaio?a, a, ioaea, c’yniaoaaiiy i?noey ? ?ie? eiaeiiai c ieo o oe?e
nenoai?.
Iniaeeao aino?ioo iaaoaa? ieoaiiy i?i aaeaioaoe?th aei iiai? no?oeoo?e
na?oiai? aeiiii?ee aaee/aciiai ianeao e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, oiio ui
a?ae ?oiuei? iiceoe?? aaaaoi a /iio caeaaeeoue ?? noaa?euei?noue ?
caeaoi?noue aei iiaeaeueoiai i?ia?ano.
Nooi?iue iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee i?iaeaie. Aaaeeea?noue i?iaeaie i?eaaaeth?
aei ia? aeine?aeiee?a, iiceoe?? yeeo ciaeoee a?aeaeoie o ?iaioao
aeiiii?no?a NIAe (I.Ieeeiaiea, E.?aena?, A.Oyaoiaiea, E.Oa?aniaa,
A.E?niaeoeueeiai oa ?i.) ? ca?oa?aeieo aeine?aeiee?a (A.Eea??a,
I.Eeiaea?oa, I.Iaa?i, A.Ith?aeaey, ?.I?aa?oa, A.O?aiea, ?.Io?ne?,
O.?inoio, I.Naioaeueniia, N.Ai?ia, A.Aiaithaey oa ?i.). Oe? ieoaiiy
iaiaeii?aciai neoaeeee i?aaeiaoii iaaiai?aiue ia i?aaenoaaieoeueeeo
i?aeia?iaeieo oi?oiao, eiioa?aioe?yo, o aeiiia?aeyo ??ciiiai?oieo
eii?n?e.
? ana ae i?iaeaia aeaeaea a?ae naiai inoaoi/iiai ae??oaiiy. I?e/eiith
oeueiai ?, ii-ia?oa, ?icoiaeaeaiiy a i?aeoiaeao aei ?? ae??oaiiy c aieo
i?aaenoaaiee?a Oeaio?o ? Ia?eoa???. Ii-ae?oaa, ci?ia neooaoe?? a naiiio
na?oiaiio ainiiaea?noa?, ui aeiaaa? iiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue ? iiaeo
??oaiue.
Iaoa ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeoiaey/e c aeooaeueiino? i?iaeaie ? c
iaeyaeo ia nooi?iue ?? iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee, aaoi? iinoaaea ia?aae niaith
iniiaio iaoo aeine?aeaeaiiy – c’yniaoaaiiy oeyo?a ? niinia?a
aaeaioaoe?? e?a?i ia?eoa??? aei iiaeo oiia, ui oi?iothoue no/anio
nenoaio i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?.
Aeey aeinyaiaiiy oe??? iaoe aoee noi?ioeueiaai? ? ae??oai? ianooii?
caaea/?:
– c’ynoaaoe iniaeeaino? no/aniiai aoaio ?icaeoeo na?oiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa ? iiaeo oi?i o/ano? a i?aeia?iaeiiio ?iciiae?e? i?aoe?;
– ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe i?ioeane, ui a?aeaoaathoueny o na?o?, ui
?icaeaa?oueny, o ca’yceo ?c no?oeoo?ieie c?ooaiiyie o na?oia?e
aeiiii?oe?;
– cae?enieoe ii??aiyeueiee aiae?c iiaeaeae ?icaeoeo a?aenoaeeo a
aeiiii?/iiio a?aeiioaii? e?a?i;
– aecia/eoe oeyoe no?oeoo?ii? aaeaioaoe?? oeeo e?a?i ? ?ioaa?aoe?? ?o o
nenoaio na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa a yeino? ??aiii?aaieo ia?oia??a.
Iaoiaeieia?y aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeine?aeaeaiiy nie?a?oueny ia
caaaeueiiiaoeia? iaoiaee nenoaiiiai aiae?co, ?aei?noue eia?/iiai e
?noi?e/iiai i?aeoiaeo, i?aeoaa?aeaeaiiy aenoiooeo a?iioac ?aaeueieie
oaeoaie ainiiaea?/i? i?aeoeee. O yeino? ia’?eoa aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aia
ia?eoa??y na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, i?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ? iaoai?ci
aaeaioaoe?? e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, aei no/anieo iio?aa na?oiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa.
Aeei?enoiaoth/e ia?aio iaoiaeieia?th a oiae? ae??oaiiy iinoaaeaieo
caaea/, aaoi? aeoiaeea ?c oiai, ui no/ania na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai
i?iaeoeo o?eaaei? aaiethoe??, o oiae? yei? noi?ioaaeany oaoiiaaiia
oeea?e?caoe?y, iaoa??aeueiith iniiaith yei? neoaeeoue oaoi?/iee i?ia?an
? noni?eueiee ?iciiae?e i?aoe?, yeee a?i noeioeth?. Aiia aeieeea
caaaeyee ?icaeoeo ?aoe?iiaeueieo ?eieiaeo oi?i ainiiaea?/i?
ae?yeueiino? ? e?aa?aeueii-aeaiie?aoe/ieo i?eioeei?a i?aai?caoe??
noni?euenoaa, ye? aeiiiaiththoue iaeei iaeiiai, ? oa?i/aeany ?oi?i
i?aai?/iei neioacii. Oaeiai ?iaeo neioac noaa iaoa??aeueiith aacith
neeaaeii? nenoaie naiiai ?aaoethaaiiy, yea aeicaieeea ae??oeoe eiiieaen
iaeaino??oeo i?ioe??/ eai?oae?noe/iiai noni?euenoaa a ia??iae eiai
noaiiaeaiiy ? caaacia/eea iiaeeea?noue ??ceiai i?enei?aiiy
oaoiieia?/iiai ? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai i?ia?ano a e?a?iao, ui
ooai?ththoue oeaio? na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Iaeii/anii noi?ioaaeeny ia?aaeoiiae aeey caeo/aiiy aei oe???
oeea?e?caoe?? ? ?? aeinyaiaiue a?aenoaeeo o nai?io ?icaeoeo e?a?i ?
ia?iae?a. Oeae i?ioean aeyaeany aeoaea aie?niei ? noia?a/eeaei. Oe?
e?a?ie aoee ooyaiai? aei i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe? ? iia’ycai? c
iei aeiiii?/i? a?aeiioaiiy caaeiaai aei oiai, ye oai caaa?oeeiny
oi?ioaaiiy iaoe?iiaeueieo ? iaa?oue eieaeueieo ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei.
?iaeoa eaaeo/e, aeeth/aiiy oeeo e?a?i o nenoaio na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo
ca’yce?a noaeiny ia a ca’yceo c iio?aaaie ?oiueiai aioo??oiueiai
?icaeoeo, a noaei iia?/iei i?iaeoeoii aeniain?? e?a?i ?icaeiaiiai
eai?oae?cio. Na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai, ui noi?ioaaeiny a oaeee niin?a,
/a?ac i?eioeeiia? ?icoiaeaeaiiy a nooiai? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii?
noeaeino? eiai iniiaieo noa’?eo?a ? eiiiiiaio?a iaaoei
oeaio?iia?eoa?e/io aoaeiao.
Oeae ooiaeaiaioaeueiee aeniiaie, ia aeoieo aaoi?a, aeicaieea ii-iiaiio
iinoaaeoe i?iaeaio iiaeieaiiy aeiiii?/ii? a?aenoaeino?. Iniiai?
aeaiaioe iiaiai i?aeoiaeo aei i?iaeaie caiaeyoueny aei ianooiiiai.
1. O no/anieo oiiaao ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoo a?aenoaeeo e?a?i
aecia/athoueny ianaiia?aae ianooaaaie ? oa?aeoa?ii i?aeeeth/aiiy ?o aei
i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?, ui a?aee?eaa? iiaeeea?noue caeo/aiiy
aei aeinyaiaiue iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano. Aea ae??oaiiy oe???
caaea/?, ye ? caaea/? aaeaioaoe?? aei aeiia na?oiaiai ?eieo, ?noioii
oneeaaeith?oueny naiith a?aenoae?noth ? ia?ooii?noth i?noeaaeo
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo no?oeoo?. Aeieea? i?iaeaia iaaeinoaoiueiai
noeeoaaiiy nioe?ieoeueoo?ieo o?aaeeoe?e ? aeeoo?aeo onoaiiaeaiue
ia?aaaaeii? iane ianaeaiiy oeeo e?a?i ?c ?eieiaeie ii?iaie ? iaoiaeaie
ainiiaea?thaaiiy, o ?acoeueoao? /iai neaaei ni?aoeueiaothoue iaoai?cie
naiiiano?ithaaiiy.
2. Iane?aeeii oeueiai noa? iaiao?aei?noue o eiiiainaoe?eieo coneeeyo,
oyaa? yeeo aa?a ia naaa aea?aeaaa, yea /anoi i?ea?aa? aei aeei?enoaiiy
iica?eieiaeo aaaeae?a i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa, ui i?eaiaeyoueny o
ae?th aaei?i?no?aoeaii-iie?oe/ieie iaoiaeaie. O neaaei ?icaeoiio
?eieiaiio na?aaeiaeu?, i?e iaaeinoa/? eaae?o?eiaaieo eaae??a ?
a?aenooiino? ei?aeoea ?c aieo noni?euenoaa /a?ac aeaiie?aoe/i?
i?ioeaaeo?e aeoeaia ainiiaea?/a ae?yeuei?noue aea?aeaae iae/ano?oa ia
aeinyaa? iinoaaeaieo oe?eae, a ?iiae? iineoue aeano?oeoeaiee oa?aeoa?.
3. Aeiiii?/iee i?ia?an ia?eoa??eieo e?a?i, ui cai?cieeeny c aeeth/aiiyi
o ?onei oaoiiaaiii? oeea?e?caoe??, o e?ioeaaiio ?aooieo caeaaeeoue a?ae
?oiuei? caeaoiino? aaeaiooaaoeny aei iaoai?cio ?? ?icaeoeo e
?ioaa?oaaoeny o na?oiaa ?eieiaa ainiiaea?noai. ??oaiiy oe??? caaea/?
ia?ic?eaii iia’ycaii c aeeaieith aioo??oiueith o?ainoi?iaoe??th oaeeo
e?a?i, yea caeaoia ?noioii caeaaeeoe aeeaie? i?ioe??//y i?ae aeiiaaie
iiaea?i?caoe??, c iaeiiai aieo, ? o?aaeeoe?eieie oe?iiinoyie ? oi?iaie
i?aai?caoe?? i?noeaaiai noni?euenoaa, c ?ioiai.
4. Na?aae cia/iiai ??ciiiai?ooy, iaoiiaeaiiai niaoeeo?eith eiie?aoieo
e?a?i, iiaeia aeae?eeoe aeaa oeie iiaeaeae, ui o o??? aai ?io?e i???
aoee ?aae?ciaai? ? i?iaeiaaeothoue cae?enithaaoeny ia ia?eoa???. Ia?oa,
yea io?eiaea oe?iea iioe?aiiy, i???ioiaaia ia iio?aae ? iiaeeeaino?
iaoe?iiaeueiiai ?eieo, ?c nooo?aei iaiaaeaiiyi aai aeoeniaiiyi
?iicaiiiai eai?oaeo ? yea noaaeoue oe?eeth noai?aiiy naiiaeinoaoiuei?
aeiiii?ee cae?eoiai oeio. Ianooiia iioiaeeoue ?c aeciaiiy iaiao?aeiino?
aeoeaii? aca?iiae?? a o?e aai ?io?e oi?i? c ciai?oi?ie oaeoi?aie
?icaeoeo ? anai??iiai aeei?enoaiiy iiaeeeainoae, iaoiiaeaieo o/anoth a
i?aeia?iaeiiio ?iciiae?e? i?aoe?. Oey iiaeaeue iaoe?eaia ia oi?ioaaiiy
aeiiii?ee a?aee?eoiai oeio c iaai?ii iii?ieo ae?iaieoeoa, i?aai?/ii
aiiioiaaieo o na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia oeueiai i?aeoiaeo neeaaea?oueny a iine?aeiaiiio
i?iaaaeaii? i?eioeeio iae?eo aeai?noiai noaiiaeua neaai?icaeiaieo e?a?i
o no/aniiio na?oiaiio ainiiaea?noa?: ii-ia?oa, ye eiai i?aai?/iiai
aeaiaioa ?, ii-ae?oaa, ye i?aeii?yaeeiaaii? ? ia?icaeiaii? eiai
/anoeie.
?icaeyioaoe iaeaea? iiaeae? ?icaeoeo ia?eoa??? na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa,
aaoi? i?eeoia aei aeniiaeo, i?i oa, ui oi/a ae?oaee aa??aio iaaeaaaa
cia/ii a?eueo? iiaeeeaino? aeey caeo/aiiy aei oe?iiinoae oaoiiaaiii?
oeea?e?caoe??, nei?enoaoeny eiai ia?aaaaaie ni?iiiaeiny eeoa iaaaeeea
/enei e?a?i. Ia?aaaaeia ae a?eueo?noue e?a?i na?oo, ui ?icaeaa?oueny,
ia ciiaei ia?aai?ioe o?oaeiiu? ? i?ioe??//y no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae,
iaiao?aeii? aeey aoiaeaeaiiy o na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai a yeino?
iiaiii?aaieo ia?oia??a.
Ia?aoeiaeith oeueiio noaee:
– aeeaie? ainiiaea?/? aeeni?iii?oe??, aeao?oeeoe aea?aeaaieo
athaeaeao?a, neeueia ?ioeyoe?y;
– a?oa?/i?noue ? ia?ooeea?noue i?noeaaeo nioe?aeueieo no?oeoo?, ui
ia?aoeiaeaeathoue iaeaaiaeaeaiith no/aniiai ainiiaea?/iai iaoai?cio ?
aaeueioth/o aaeaioaoe?th aei aeiia iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano ? ?eieo;
– iiaeeaeaiiy ?ic?eao i?ae o?aaeeoe?eieie ? no/anieie naeoi?aie
aeiiii?ee;
– iia??oaiiy aeieia?/ii? neooaoe?? a ?acoeueoao? eiina?aaoe?? a
o?aaeeoe?eiiio naeoi?? i?ei?oeaii? oaoiieia??, a oaeiae aaciaeyaeii?
aenieoaoaoe?? i?noeaaeo ?ano?n?a;
– caa??aaiiy nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? iai?oaeaiino?, ui noai?th?
ni?eyoeeaee a?oio aeey anyeiai ?iaeo aoiiiaoe?iiaeueieo ? ?ae?a?eieo
eiioe?eo?a, ui ia?a?inoathoue /anii o a?aee?eo? nooe/ee ? eieaeuei?
a?eie.
Naia aeey oeeo e?a?i iaea?eueo aeooaeuei? iiooee oeyo?a
aeueoa?iaoeaiiai oeea?e?caoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo, ui aaco?oueny ia
aeei?enoaii? o?aaeeoe?eieo nioe?ieoeueoo?ieo oe?iiinoae. Oea oei
a?eueoa iaiao?aeii, oiio ui aaea nueiaiaei? /?oei iicia/eeeny iaae?
oaoiiaaiii? oeea?e?caoe??, ui aeneiaeeeny ianaiia?aae o caaino?aii?
aeieia?/ieo i?iaeai, ye? caa?iaeothoue ?? ?nioaaiith.
?aae?caoe?y a?aecia/aiiai i?aeoiaeo aeicaieeea noi?ioaaoe ianooii?
iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe, ui aeiinyoueny ia caoeno ? yaeythoueny iniaenoei
aianeii aaoi?a a aeine?aeaeoaaio i?iaeaio:
1. Aeae?eaiee no/aniee aoai o ?icaeoeo na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa,
nooi?noue yeiai iieyaa? a ia?aoiae? a?ae oeaio?iia?eoa?e/ii? no?oeoo?e
eiai i?aai?caoe?? aei iie?oeaio?e/ii?.
2. Oeyoii aiae?co i?ioean?a, ui a?aeaoaathoueny i?ae aieeaii
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano a i?aeia?iaeiiio ?iciiae?e? i?aoe?,
aeyaeai? ye?nii iia? eiai ?ene, ocaaaeueiai? a iiiyoo?
o?ainiaoe?iiae?caoe?? ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino?.
3. Iieacaii, ui no?oeoo?i? c?ooaiiy o na?oiaiio ainiiaea?noa? i?eaaee
aei nooo?ai? ci?ie neooaoe?? o na?o?, yeee ?icaeaa?oueny, ui
a?aeia?aceeiny o c?inoath/?e aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? e?a?i, ui aoiaeyoue aei
iueiai.
4. Aeaii aecia/aiiy iiiyooy “a?aenoaeino?” ye eiie?aoii-?noi?e/iiai
oaiiiaia, ii?iaeaeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiyi ? ?icaeoeii oaoiiaaiii?
oeea?e?caoe??.
5. Ia iniia? ii??aiyeueiiai aiae?co i?iiiiiaaieo iiaeaeae ?icaeoeo
ia?eoa??eieo e?a?i, c?iaeaii aeniiaie i?i iaiiaeeea?noue ?oiueiai
aeei?enoaiiy aeey iaeiicia/iiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie a?aenoaeino? ?
aeeth/aiiy a i?aeia?iaeiee ?iciiae?e i?aoe? ? iaiao?aeiino? aeoiaeo ca
iaae? ?iia?aoea?a oaoiiaaiiiai oeio oeea?e?caoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo.
6. O yeino? iniiaieo iai?yie?a aeeth/aiiy e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o
nenoaio no/anieo na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a aecia/ai?: ei??iia
no?oeoo?ia ia?aaoaeiaa iaoe?iiaeueieo aeiiii?/ieo eiiieaen?a; aeoeaia
o/anoue o ?icaeoeo ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueieo a?aeiioaiue; ye?nii iia?
oi?ie aeiiii?/ii? ?ioaa?aoe?? c o?aooaaiiyi nooiaiy aeeth/aiiy
a?aeiia?aeieo e?a?i o nenoaio III.
Oai?aoe/ia ? i?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy. Aeniiaee ?
?acoeueoaoe, io?eiai? a oiae? aeine?aeaeaiiy, aeicaieythoue i?aeaeueoe
nooi?iue a??ia?aeiino? ioe?iee no/anieo oaiaeaioe?e ?icaeoeo ia?eoa???
na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, ooi/ieoe eiai iaeaeeae/? ia?niaeoeae ? oei
naiei ni?eyoe a?eueo aoaeoeaiiio ae??oaiith noiy/eo ia?aae iei i?iaeai.
O oie aea /an cai?iiiiiaaiee aa??aio oai?aoe/iiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie
aeicaiey? iaaiith i??ith ocaaaeueieoe ? i?aenoioaaoe iaoeia? iiooee a
oe?e aaeoc? i?ioyaii inoaii?o 10-15 ?ie?a.
Ai?iaaoe?y ? ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ? aeniiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy
iioae?eiaai? a 4 ae?oeiaaieo ?iaioao aaoi?a, a oiio /ene? 3 noaooyo o
oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo. Nienie oeeo ?ia?o iaaaaeaii iai?ee?ioe? aaoi?aoa?aoo.
Caaaeueiee ianya iioae?eiaaieo ?ia?o ?c oaie aeena?oaoe?? neeaaea? 1,8
ae?oeiaaieo a?eoo?a.
No?oeoo?a e ianya aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
aeaio ?icae?e?a ? aeniiaeo caaaeueiei ianyaii 176 noi??iee
iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo. Iai?ee?ioe? iaaaaeaii nienie iniiaii?
aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e c 120 iaca.
INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
O anooi? iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue ia?aii? oaie, ?ice?eaa?oueny
nooi?iue ?? iaoeiai? ?ic?iaee, oi?ioeththoueny oe?e? ? caaea/?
aeine?aeaeaiiy, oa?aeoa?eco?oueny iaoiaeieia?y aiae?co, iieaco?oueny
iaoeiaa iiaecia aeine?aeaeaiiy ? eiai ?acoeueoao?a.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? – “Noaiiaeaiiy na?oiaeo ainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiioaiue”
– iine?aeiaii ?icaeyioo? nooi?noue ? aoaie oi?ioaaiiy i?aeia?iaeiiai
?iciiae?eo i?aoe?, oai??? i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe? ? oi?ioaaiiy
nenoaie na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa. Aaoi? aeoiaeeoue ?c caeiiii??iiai
oa?aeoa?o ?icaeoeo ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?, aeeth/ath/e eiai aeuo oi?io –
i?aeia?iaeiee ?iciiae?e i?aoe?. Aaaeeea?noue aea/aiiy i?iaeaie nooiino?
e aoai?a ?icaeoeo i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe? aecia/a?oueny oei,
ui i?aaeeueii c?icoi?oe eiai no/aniee noai iiaeia o?eueee c iaeyaeo ia
eiai ?noi?e/io aaiethoe?th. I?iaiae?coaaaoe iayai? a e?oa?aoo?? oi/ee
ci?o ia oea ieoaiiy, aeena?oaio i?eeoia aei aeniiaeo i?i iaiao?aei?noue
aeae?eaiiy o?ueio aoai?a ?icaeoeo i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?.
Ia?oee aoai -aeieai?oae?noe/iee III ioiieth? ia??iae a?ae ia?oeo aeo?a
iai?io i?ae ieaiaiaie aei na?aaeiueia?/ii? oi?a?ae?, iiiiiie?ciaaii?
e?oiieie eiiiai?yie. Ae?oaee aoai eai?oae?noe/iee III. O eiai ?aieao
iiaeia aeae?eeoe o?e noaae?? iaiooaeoo?io (XVI – e?iaoeue XVII no.) ,
i?iieneiaee ia?aai?io (e?iaoeue XVII – ia?oa iieiaeia XVIII no.) ?
iaoeiai-oaoi?/io ?aaiethoe?th (na?aaeeia XX no.). O aeena?oaoe??
aea?oueny oa?aeoa?enoeea eiaeiiai c aoai?a, a oaeiae noaae?e, ui
a?aeiia?aeathoue oeueiio aoaio. Iaeiae iniiaia oaaaa i?eae?eaia
?icaeyaeo o?aoueiai aoaio III, yeee, ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, ii/aany c
70-o ??. XX no. ? i?iaeiaaeo?oueny aei oaia??oiueiai /ano. Ie
i?iiiio?ii iaceaaoe eiai aoaiii o?ainiaoe?iiaeueiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?.
Ia oeueiio aoai? a?aeaoaathoueny ianooii? iniiai? ci?ie a nenoai? III:
1. Ia?ai?uaiiy i?iieneiaiai ae?iaieoeoaa ia I?aaeaiue. Ie?ai? aaeoc?
i?iieneiaino? aoee ia?ai?uai? a aeaye? a?aenoae? e?a?ie. sse i?aaeei,
oea aoee oae caai? noa?? aai “oai??” aaeoc?.
2. Ia?ai?uaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ia I?ai?/. O ?acoeueoao?
?icaeiai? e?a?ie ciiaee aeinyaoe aenieiai ??aiy ?icaeoeo ia o?eueee a
i?iieneiaino?, aea e o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?, ? noaee aenii?oa?aie
i?iaeoeo?a oa?/oaaiiy. Oei naiei Cao?ae onoioa naith ?iii?oio
caeaaei?noue a?ae iinoaaie aeayeeo oiaa??a ?c ia?eoa???.
3. Iiaa?iaiiy aei iie?oeee i?ioaeoe?ii?cio. Oea noaei ?acoeueoaoii
ia?ai?uaiiy i?iieneiaino? ia I?aaeaiue, yeee oni?oii ?icaeaa? ?yae
aaeocae, iai?eeeaae, oaenoeeueio. Aea, aeoiaey/e ia na?oiaee ?eiie,
e?a?ie I?aaeiy iao?aieee ia ii??, iia’ycaiee ia c iecueeith
eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth nai?o oiaa??a, a aiane?aeie i?ioaeoe?ii?cio c
aieo ?icaeiaieo e?a?i.
?oo?eiith neeith on??? oe??? ? a?eueoino? ?ioeo i?ioean?a noaee
o?ainiaoe?iiaeuei? ei?ii?aoe??. Aoyaoth/e e?a?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o
NEA, OIE ?oeiothoue ia?aoeiaee, ye? noiyoue ia oeyoo
?ioa?iaoe?iiae?caoe??, ni?eythoue ainiiaea?/iio caeeaeaiith e?a?i.
Aiaeii/an, aiie ?iaeyoue a?aeoai?thaaeuei? i?ioeane oeoeeaeie ?
caeaaeieie ia o?eueee a?ae ia?aiaae?a ? e?ec NEA, aea ? a?ae iiaaae?iee
ie?aieo OIE. Ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, ia aoai? o?ainiaoe?iiaeueiiai
?iciiae?eo i?aoe? niinoa??aa?oueny neooaoe?y, no?aeia c ia??iaeii
ii/aoeo ae?? ia?oeo cia/ieo iiiiiieueieo ooai?aiue. OIE – oea naiai
?iaeo iia? ?iae?enuee? eiiiai??.
Aaaeeeai i?aee?aneeoe, ui oi/a aenieoaoaoe?y ia?eoa??? ia ?
niaoeeo?/iith ?enith aeae?eaiiai aoaio, iiaei iiiaioii ? oa, ui a
yeino? ia’?eo?a i?iieeiaiiy OIE cae/aeii iae?athoue aai a?aeiinii
?icaeiai? e?a?ie, aai o?, ye? aeaiiino?othoue aenie? oaiie ?icaeoeo,
ui, o e?ioeaaiio ?aooieo, iineeth? ?oith nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/io
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?th e oneeaaeith? ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie iiaeieaiiy
a?aenoaeino? ? aeeth/aiiy a III. Iaeii/anii i?ioean
?ioa?iaoe?iiae?caoe?? iaaoaa? a?aeiinii? iacaeaaeiino? a?ae aie? ?
aaaeaiiy ie?aieo aea?aeaa ? ye ae “?ic’?aea?” cciai? caieioo?noue
a?aeiniaeaieo ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeeo eiiieaen?a, ana a?eueo aoyaoth/e
aeiiii?/i? ?ano?ne ia?eoa??? aei aeiaaeueiiai ia?ao ainiiaea?/i?
aeoeaiino? OIE.
C? naiai aieo, e?a?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny, ana a?eueo ona?aeiieththoue
iaiao?aei?noue aoiaeaeaiiy a nenoaio NEA. Ao?i ia no/aniiio aoai?
iiaeeea?noue aoaeoeaiiai aoiaeaeaiiy, ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, ia aeaeue,
iiaea aooe ?aae?ciaaia aeaeaei ia an?ia e?a?iaie, ? eeoa ca oiiae
?ic?iaeaiiy ieie aeanieo i?ia?ai oaeiai aoiaeaeaiiy, ye? nie?athoueny
ia iaeneiaeueia aeei?enoaiiy nai?o ia?aaaa.
Ca?aene aeo?ea? iaiao?aei?noue aeeaieiai ii?aoethaaiiy aeina?aeo
?icaeoeo na?oiai? aeiiii?/ii? aeoiee ca aeaiith i?iaeaiith. Ia?oa
nenoaiia oai??y aoaeoeaiino? ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?, ye a?aeiii, aoea
cai?iiiiiaaia ia?eaio?e?noaie, i??eoaaiiy yeeo aeii?ioaaee, ii/eiath/e
c aiioe A?ae?iaeaeaiiy ? aei ia??iaeo i?iieneiaiai ia?aai?ioo.
Caniiaieee eeane/ii? aeiiii?/ii? oai??? A.Iaoo? ? A.Ni?o c?iaeee
?iciiae?e i?aoe? ia?aeiiith eaoaai???th nai?? iaoeiai? nenoaie. Naia
A.Ni?oo iaeaaeeoeoue caneoaa ?ic?iaee ia?oi? oai?aoe/ii? iiaeae?
i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe? – iiaeaeue aaniethoieo ia?aaaa.
Iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie oai??? aaniethoieo ia?aaaa i?ea?a Ae.??ea?aei aei
noai?aiiy oai??? ii??aiyeueieo ia?aaaa. O aeena?oaoe?? iieacaii, ui
iaeaea? oai??? iaee ye a?aeiino?, oae ? iaaeie?ee, ? ?icaeyaeathoueny
o? ?oi? aniaeoe, ye? iathoue i?aeoe/io cia/ei?noue aeey e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, o no/anieo oiiaao.
Aeae? a aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyaeathoueny eiioeaioe?? aeueoa?iaoeaieo aeo?ao
? ?icoiaeaeaiue o ni?aa?aeiioaii? oe?i ia oiaa?e aiane?aeie
ia??aiii??ii? caaacia/aiino? e?a?i ??ciiiai?oieie ?ano?naie. O ca’yceo
c oeei aoee i?aeaeai? e?eoe/iiio ?icai?o oai??? A.Oaaa?ea?a,
I.E?aei?ia, A. Oaeoa?a, A.Ie?ia, I.Naioaeueniia. I?eioeeiiaa a?aeciaea
oaeoi?ii? iiaeae? III a?ae ?? ?noi?e/ieo iiia?aaeiee?a iieyaa? a
canoinoaaii? iaieeane/ii? ?ioaa?aeueii? oai??? aa?oino?,
iniiaiiieiaeieeii yei? ? A.Ia?oaee. Iaeiae, aeciaaath/e aacnoii?ai?
a?aeiino? cacia/aieo oai??e, ?oi? aeei?enoaiiy aeey aiae?co aeiiii?/ieo
i?iaeai a?aenoaeeo e?a?i aeyaey?oueny iaeii?eaeaoiei, oiio ui ?aaeuei?
oaiaeaioe?? ?icaeoeo NEA ia iano?eueee ni?eyoeea? aeey e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, ye oea iiaeia aoei a i/?eoaaoe a?aeiia?aeii aei oeeo
oai??e.
Ioaea aaeeea cia/aiiy iathoue ?ic?iaee A.Eaiio’?aa, A.I?ioana ?
A.O?eiaia. Aiie aeaee iiooiao aeieeiaiith iai- ? aaaaoioaeoi?ieo
iiaeaeae III, iaea?eueo a?aeiieie c yeeo ? iiaeaeue eaae?o?eaoe??
?iai/i? neee, oai??y ethaenueeiai eai?oaeo ? aaaaoioaeoi?ia iiaeaeue
I.E?iaea?oa, ye? ooai?ththoue iaeei c iai?yie?a ?icaeoeo oai???
ii??aiyeueieo ia?aaaa. ?ioee iai?yiie iiaeaiee iiaeaeyie c?inoath/eo
aeo?ao, aeo?ao, ui cieaeothoueny, ? aioo??oiueiaaeocaai?
niaoe?ae?caoe??, aiae?c yeeo aoa oaeiae c?iaeaiee aeena?oaioii.
Aeae? a aeena?oaoe?? aeaia oa?aeoa?enoeea iaeiia?oeo oai??e III, ui
aeeth/athoue a i?a?oo aiae?co aanue eiiieaen eiai no/anieo oaeoi??a:
oai??? “oaoiieia?/iiai ?ic?eao”, aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo i?iaeoeoo, ?
“i?aeia?iaeieo iaa?aeiia?aeiinoae ? aneiao??e” I.Iicia?a, Ae.Ei?aioea,
?.Aa?iiia, O.Ia??o.
Iniaeeaee iai?yiie o oai??yo III neeaaeathoue eiioeaioe??, ye?
noi?ioaaeeny a e?a?iao, ui ?icaeaathoueny. On? aiie ? a?aeiinii
iieiaeeie, ?oi? aeieeiaiiy ? ?icaeoie aaia?oaaeiny
iaoe?iiaeueii-aecaieueiith ai?ioueaith ? iiyaith aaeeeiai /enea iieiaeeo
aea?aeaa o ?acoeueoao? ?iciaaeo eieii?aeueieo ?iia??e i?ney ae?oai?
na?oiaee a?eie. Aiie iathoue caaaeueio oe?eueiao ni?yiiaai?noue
aecia/aiiy i?e/ei ? oeyo?a iiaeieaiiy aeiiii?/ii? a?aenoaeino? oe???
a?oie aea?aeaa, ?ic?iaea ? i?iaaaeaiiy aoaeoeaii? aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee.
C oi/ee ci?o iaoiaeieia?/ii? iniiae aeai? eiioeaioe?? a?ae??ciythoueny
??cii??aei?noth ? noia?a/eea?noth, ?oi?e ?iceeae aeinyaa? e?aei?o
iiethn?a – a?ae e?aa?aeueii-eiina?aaoeaiiai aei e?ai?aaeeeaeueiiai
iai?yieo. Aeena?oaio ?icaeyaea? eiioeaioe?? eaoeiiaia?eeainueei? oeiee
ia /ie? ?.I?aa?oai ? N.Oo?oaaeo, ac?aonueei? – Aeae.Aoaaaao? ?
I.Oeue-Oaea, e?ai?aaeeeaeueii? N.Ai?ia, A.O?aiea, A.Aiaithaey.
?icaeyioaoe an? oe? oai???, aeena?oaio ae?eoia aeniiaeo, ui eiaeia c
ieo ia? ?aoe?iiaeuei? aeaiaioe, ye? iiaeia aeei?enoiaoaaoe a i?ioean?
?ic?iaee iioeiaeueiiai i?aeoiaeo aei aiae?co i?iaeai ?icaeoeo e?a?i, ui
ca?eueieeeny, ? i?aeeeth/aiiy ?o aei III, aeoiaey/e c oiai, ui caaea/a
aeiiii?/ii? iaoee neeaaea?oueny ia o?eueee a iiyniaii? iiaaae?iee, aea
e o i?iaiicoaaii? iioeiaeueiiai ?icaeoeo ia’?eoa, ui aea/a?oueny. C
o?aooaaiiyi oeueiai iiiaioo aeae? a aeena?oaoe?? naia ? ii/aoee aiae?c
i?ioeano oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.
A?aeiia?aeii aei i?eeiyoi? aeena?oaioii eeaneo?eaoe?? aoai?a ?icaeoeo
NEA aeae?eai? oae? iniiai? oa?aeoa?enoeee eai?oae?cio ye
na?oiainiiaea?nueei? nenoaie.
1. Iino?eia iioe?aiiy ? aeo?ae ca iaoe?iiaeuei? ?aiee iaoiiaeaia naiith
i?e?iaeith eai?oae?cio, iio?aaith ?iaanooaaoe eai?oae ia naieo
aea?aeieo oiiaao c o?aooaaiiyi ?noi?e/iiai iiiaioo ? iiaeeeaiai ?eceeo.
2. Eai?oae?ci ye niin?a ae?iaieoeoaa ?c naiiai ii/aoeo i?aaioa aei
caoiieaiiy na?oiaiai i?inoi?o, ? oeei a?i aeiei??iii a?ae??ciy?oueny
a?ae an?o iiia?aaei?o oi?i ainiiaea?noaa.
Aeoiaey/e c oeeo ei??iieo ?en, aeae? aeena?oaio aiae?co? aea?c
eai?oaeo, eiai oi?ie e iniaeeaino? a ??ci? ?noi?e/i? ia??iaee. Oea
aeicaieeei c?iaeoe aeniiaie i?i oa, ui i?yi? ca?oa?aei? ?iaanoeoe??
noaee aaaeeeaei iaoai?ciii oi?ioaaiiy iiaiai oeio III. Ia?ai?uaiiy
ae?iaieoeoaa ia I?aaeaiue iineeth? ?ioaa?aoe?ei? i?ioeane c iaeii/aniei
iineeaiiyi aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, a oea, o naith
/a?ao, cia/ii i?aeaeuo? aeey ieo “oe?io” aoiaeaeaiiy a NEA. Oe?eeii
i?e?iaeii, ui o?eueee iaaaeeea /anoeia e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, a
oiiaao aei?noeiai i?ioaeoe?ii?cio ? ii??aiyeueieo ia?aaaa, ye?
ci?iththoueny ia a ?oith ei?enoue, coi?ea c?iaeoe iaaaeeeee e?ie oa?e
i?aeaeuaiiy nai?? ?ie? a i?aeia?iaei?e i?iieneia?e niaoe?ae?caoe?? a
ia?o?e iieiaei? 80-o ??., a a ae?oa?e iieiaei? 80-o ??. ciiao cia/ii
ca?eueoeea i?iieneiaee aenii?o. Naia aiane?aeie iiae?aieo i?ioean?a o
no/anieo oiiaao a?aeaoaa?oueny, ia aeoieo aeena?oaioa, i?aeneeaiiy
oe?e?niino? na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Oea, ao?i, ia neaniao? oiai, ui,
ii-ia?oa, anana?oi? ainiiaea?noai ana ua ? aaaaoiiiaooiaei,
ii-ae?oaa, aiii oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ia??aiii??i?noth aeiiii?/iiai ?
iie?oe/iiai ?icaeoeo,
ii-o?ao?, ?icaeoie anana?oiueiai ainiiaea?noaa aei?iao? ia nia?
neeueiee aieea aea?aeaaii-a?aeie?aieaiiai ? iaaeiaoe?iiaeueiiai
i?aeia?iaeiiai ?aaoethaaiiy.
O oie aea /an o 90-? ??. aeyaeythoueny ??ciiiai?oi? oaeoi?e i?aeneeaiiy
oe?e?niino? anana?oiueiai ainiiaea?noaa, aei yeeo, ia aeoieo
aeena?oaioa, a?aeiinyoueny: ia?ao?ae aei iiaiai aoaio III ? iniaeeaino?
iiaeo, ia?aaeiaeo i?iaeoeoeaieo nee; iiaeeaeaiiy III ? ca?eueoaiiy
/anoee aeiiii?/iiai aoaeoo ca ?aooiie i?aeia?iaeii? niaoe?ae?caoe?? ?
eiiia?oaaiiy e?a?i; no?oeoo?i? c?ooaiiy a aeiiii?oe?, ui i?eaaee aei
cia/iiai c?inoaiiy ?iii?oo eieuei?iaeo ? ??aeeeo iaoae?a, iaooe, aaco,
ye? ? i?aaeiaoii o?aaeeoe?eii? niaoe?ae?caoe?? naia e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny; caaino?aiiy aeiaaeueieo i?iaeai, ui ia’?eoeaii
i?aeooiaoothoue an? e?a?ie aei eii?aeeiaoe??. C o?aooaaiiyi oeeo
ianoaaei o aeena?oaoe?? oi?ioeththoueny aeaye? caaaeuei? caeiiii??iino?
?icaeoeo anana?oiueiai ainiiaea?noaa ia no/aniiio aoai?:
1) i?aeneeaiiy a?aee?eoiai oa?aeoa?o iaoe?iiaeueieo aeiiii?e;
2) c?inoaiiy ?ioa?iaoe?iiae?caoe?? IOI;
3) c?inoaiiy noiaeino? iaoe?iiaeueieo iiaeaeae ae?iaieoeoaa ?
niiaeeaaiiy a ?acoeueoao? ae?? o?ainiaoe?iiaeueiiai aeaiiino?aoe?eiiai
aoaeoo, oi?o?eaoe?? no?oeoo?e iiieoo ? i?iiiceoe??.
Aeae? a aeena?oaoe?? iaaaaeaia aeieeaaeia oa?aeoa?enoeea oeeo
caeiiii??iinoae.
O ca’yceo c oeei eia?/ii aeieea? ieoaiiy i?i i?noea ? iieiaeaiiy e?a?i,
ui ?icaeaathoueny, o anana?oiueiio ainiiaea?noa? c o?aooaaiiyi ci?i,
ye? a?aeaoaathoueny a iueiio. C iaeiiai aieo, o iueiio iino?eii
iineeth?oueny eiioe?eoi?noue, iia?iaeoth/e oe?e?niino?. C ?ioiai aieo,
oeaio? caoe?eaaeaiee o caa??aaii? ia?eoa??? a ?aieao NEA. Ca?aene
i?e?iaeii aeieea? i?iaeaia aaeaioaoe?? ia?eoa??? aei iio?aa NEA, i?i ui
iiaa eaea o ae?oaiio ?icae?eo aeena?oaoe??.
A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? – “I?noea ? ?ieue e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o
nenoai? i?aeia?iaeiiai ?iciiae?eo i?aoe?” – aeine?aeaeothoueny
iiaeeeaino? ? niin?a aaeaioaoe?? e?a?i ia?eoa??? aei oiia na?oiaiai
ainiiaea?noaa. Iieiaeaiiy oeeo e?a?i o iaea?eueo ocaaaeueiaiiio aeae?
iiaeia ioa?aeoa?ecoaaoe iiiyooyi a?aenoaeino?. A?aenoae?noue ia iiaeia
caiaeeoe aei /enoi e?euee?nieo oa?aeoa?enoee ae?iaieoeoaa ? i?eaooeo ia
aeooo ianaeaiiy aai aeinyaiooiai ??aiy i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?. Oea
ye?nia oa?aeoa?enoeea noaio noni?euenoaa ? eiai aeiiii?ee, yea
?icaeyaea?oueny a ?noi?e/iiio aniaeo?. Aiia aecia/a?oueny noeoii?noth
ae?? ??ciiiai?oieo oaeoi??a o aecia/aiiio ?noi?e/iiio ia??iae?, ye?
i?ecaaee aei ooai?aiiy aeaiiiethnii? nenoaie na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa,
ui aeeth/a? ?icaeiaiee oeaio? ? a?eueo a?aenoaeo ia?eoa??th.
Noaiiaeua e?a?i ia?eoa??? oa?aeoa?eco?oueny:
– iecueeei ??aiai ?icaeoeo i?iaeoeoeaieo nee;
– aeiiii?/iith ? oaoiieia?/iith caeaaei?noth, ia??aiii??iei iieiaeaiiyi
o na?oiaiio ainiiaea?noa?;
– ao?aoaie a ?acoeueoao? iaaea?aaeaioiiai iai?io, ia??aiii?aaiino?
oi?a?ae?, c?inoaiiy ciai?oiuei? caai?aiaaiino?;
– ia?aoai?aiiyi iaoe?iiaeueieo aeiiii?/ieo no?oeoo? o i?eaeaoee
oa?eoi??aeueii-ae?iaie/eo eiiieaen?a ?icaeiaieo e?a?i.
O ?acoeueoao? iineeth?oueny aca?iicaeaaei?noue oeaio?o ? ia?eoa???, i?e
ye?e aca?iica’ycie i?ae ieie a?aeoai?th?oueny a aneiao?e/i?e oi?i?, ui
i?eionea? iino?eio aaeaioaoe?th ia?eoa??? aei iio?aa ?icaeoeo oeaio?o.
Ia?eoa??eiee eai?oae?ci aeyaeany aiiioiaaiei o oeth nenoaio ye
caeaaeiee, i?eaeaoeiaee, i?aeii?yaeeiaaiee ?ioa?anai ?icaeiaieo e?a?i,
ui ?niothoue i?ae ciaeii aaaaiii?? ? iaioaaiiy ?eieiaeo caeii?a.
I?ioean aaeaioaoe?? a?aenoaeeo e?a?i a?aeaoaaany a?aeiia?aeii aei aoai?a
?icaeoeo eai?oae?cio ? cae?enithaaany ??ciiiai?oieie iaoiaeaie,
ii/eiath/e a?ae eieii?caoe?? a?aenoaeeo e?a?i ? aei i?ia?ai
aaeaioaoe??, ye? ?ic?iaeththoueny o ?aieao IAO ? IA?? ? i?iiiiothoueny
oeei e?a?iai i?ae iacaith “e?aa?ae?caoe?y aeiiii?ee e?a?i, ui
ca?eueieeeny, ? cae?eniaiiy ?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue”.
Eiaeiee aoai o ?icaeoeo oeaio?o i?eionea? a?aeiia?aeiee i?ioean
aaeaioaoe?? a?aenoaeeo e?a?i ?c nai?ie iaoiaeaie ? iane?aeeaie.
?acoeueoaoii oeueiai i?ioeano ? caa??aaiiy caeaaeiino? ia?eoa??? a?ae
oeaio?o, oi/a oey caeaaei?noue aeaeici?ith?oueny, iaiiaiy?oueny iiaei
ci?noii. Iaeia c iniaeeainoae oeueiai i?ioeano – iii?oia
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y a?aenoaeeo e?a?i. Iacaaaeath/e ia aaaaoi a /iio
iiae?aia noaiiaeua, a?aeaoaa?oueny ?oi? iino?eia ?icae??aiaiiy,
aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y oe??? ni?eueiino?, ui ia aeicaiey? ?icaeyaeaoe ?o ye
iaeii??aeia oa?oiiaaiiy. Oea yaeeiny iane?aeeii aeeaieeo c?ooaiue o
nenoai? na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo a?aeiioaiue o ae?oa?e iieiaei? XX no., ye?
i?eaaee aei ei??iii? ci?ie aioo??oi?o ? ciai?oi?o oiia
a?aeoai?thaaeueiiai i?ioeano ia ia?eoa??? na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa,
cia/iiai aeiiii?/iiai c?inoaiiy e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, ? ia?aaoaeiae
?oiuei? aeiiii?/ii? no?oeoo?e, i?io?eth ?oiuei? o/ano? a i?aeia?iaeiiio
?iciiae?e? i?aoe?.
Oiiaii iiaeia iiae?eeoe oe? e?a?ie ia o?e aoaeiie, ui a?ae??ciythoueny
ca ??aiai aeiiii?/iiai ?icaeoeo, aaeocaai? ? oaoiieia?/ii? no?oeoo?e
aeiiii?ee, nooiaiy ? i?io?eth o/ano? a III, aioo??oi?ie ? ciai?oi?ie
oiiaaie a?aeoai?aiiy.
Aa?oi?e aoaeii – e?a?ie, ye? ca nai?ie no?oeoo?ieie ia?aiao?aie
iaaeeaeathoueny aei ??aiy ?icaeiaieo e?a?i. Oea, ianaiia?aae, e?a?ie
I?Ae, a aeiiii?oe? yeeo aeii?iothoue ?iaeono??aeuei? i?iaeoeoeai? neee ?
eai?oae?noe/i? oi?ie ainiiaea?thaaiiy. Aei oe??? a?oie a?aeiinyoue
e?a?ie iaio c??e? a no?oeoo?iiio a?aeiioaii?, aea c aenieei ??aiai AAI
ia aeooo ianaeaiiy. Oea e?a?ie Aeeaeiueiai Noiaeo, aenii?oa?e iaooe.
Na?aaei?e aoaeii – e?a?ie, aeiiii?ea yeeo ?icaeaa?oueny iia?eueieie,
aea no?eeeie oaiiaie, ia??aeei noi?iaiaeaeoth/enue oe?ieeie
no?oeoo?ieie ia?aoai?aiiyie ? a?eueo caaeainiaaiei ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi
aioo??oi?o ? ciai?oi?o oaeoi??a. Iniaeeai oea noino?oueny e?a?i, aea
aa?a?i? ?aoi?ie ? caeaia ?aaiethoe?y aeaee ii/aoeiaee iiooiao aei
?icaeoeo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa, a i?eieea ?iicaiiiai eai?oaeo a
aenii?oiee naeoi? i?iieneiaino? a??aiiaaaeoaaany iioe?aiiyi i?noeaaeo
?iaanoeoe?e o aaeoc?, ui i???ioiaai? ia aioo??oi?e ?eiie Oea, aieiaiei
/eiii, e?a?ie i?iieneia? aenii?oa?e ae?oai? oaee?: Iaeaec?y, Oa?eaiae,
O?e?ii?ie, Oo?a//eia, ?aeiao ? ?i.
Ieaei?e aoaeii – e?a?ie c iecueeeie oaiiaie ?icaeoeo ? iecueeei ??aiai
i?eaooe?a, ui iaea?eueoa no?aaeaeathoue a?ae aaioaaeo
aeieai?oae?noe/ieo ia?aaeeoe?a ? a?ae ia??aiii?aaiiai noaiiaeua o
na?oiaiio ainiiaea?noa?.
I?i nooi?iue aeeoa?aioe?aoe?? na?ae/eoue oa, ui ia e?a?ie aa?oiueiai
aoaeiio, aea iaoea? 20% ianaeaiiy e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, i?eiaaea?
2/3 AAI ? 3/4 aenii?oo, oiae? ye e?a?ie ieaeiueiai aoaeiio, aei yeeo
a?aeiineoueny 60% ianaeaiiy, caaacia/othoue 1/5 AAI ? 1/10 aenii?oo,
i?e/iio ia? i?noea oaiaeaioe?y aei ca?eueoaiiy oeueiai ?ic?eao.
Iane?aeeii oeueiai noa? iaiiaeeea?noue ?ica’ycaiiy i?iaeaie aaeaioaoe??
a ?aieao iaei??? oi?aa?naeueii? iiaeae? ?icaeoeo ? iaiao?aei?noue
iiooeo ??ciiiai?oieo aa??aio?a ae??oaiiy oe??? i?iaeaie.
O aeena?oaoe?? aiae?cothoueny iaea?eueo oeiia? iiaeae? i?enoinoaaiiy
aei oiia na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa, ai?iaiaai? ia aeina?ae? ?iae??, ?yaeo
e?a?i Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee ? I?aaeaiii? Ei?a?. Oai?aoe/iith aacith
iiaeaeae noaee ?aea? iiioey?ieo aeiiii?/ieo oe?e ye eaein?ainueeiai,
oae ? iaie?aa?aeueiiai iai?yie?a, ca aeiiiiiaith yeeo iaiaaaeeny ciaeoe
??oaiiy i?iaeai e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny. Noaa?aeaeoaaeiny, cie?aia, ui
ia ?inoeoooe?iiaeuei? ia?aoai?aiiy, a niiioaiia ?eieiaa a?aeiiaeaiiy
iiaeiii caaacia/eoe e?ea?aeaoe?th a?aenoaeino?. Ia oe?e iiceoe??
caniiaoaaeeny oai??? c?inoaiiy, ye? i?aaenoaaeai?, cie?aia,
eiioeaioe??th “ceueioo” O. ?inoio, aoaoenonueeith eiioeaioe??th
I.?iaeaia, ?.Io?nea, A.O??oiaiao, oai???th “aaeeeiai iiooiaoo”.
Oai??? aeiiii?/iiai c?inoaiiy c?iaeee nooo?aee aieea ia oi?ioaaiiy
no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo ?iae??, a iniiao yei? aoea iinoaaeaia caaea/a
iia?e?caoe?? eai?oaeueieo ?ano?n?a aeey caaacia/aiiy ??ceiai
i?enei?aiiy oaii?a ?icaeoeo. Iaaiein aoa c?iaeaiee ia ?icaeoie
eeth/iaeo aaeocae aaaeei? i?iieneiaino?. Iacaaaeath/e ia ?yae
aeinyaiaiue o ?aae?caoe?? iai?/aieo oe?eae, a?eueo?noue na?eicieo
i?iaeai caeeoaeeny ia ae??oaieie, ui aeeeeeaei iaiao?aei?noue caa?oaiiy
aei ?ioeo oai?aoe/ieo eiioeaioe?e, cie?aia, ?aea? ?inoeoooe?iiae?no?a
i?i aaaeeea?noue i?eoyaiaiiy nioe?aeueieo oaeoi??a c?inoaiiy.
Aeae? a aeena?oaoe?? aiae?co?oueny iiaeaeue ?icaeoeo, yea caniiaaia ia
eiioeaioe?? “ia?eoa??eii? aeiiii?ee” ?.I?aa?oa – N.Oo?oaaei-A.C?iaa?a.
A?aeooiaooth/enue a?ae ?aea? iacaaeainiaaiino? aeiiii?/ieo no?oeoo?
oeaio?o ? ia?eoa???, ui iineeth?oueny iaaea?aaeaioiei iai?iii o nenoai?
i?aeia?iaeii? oi?a?ae?, aiie ?iaeee noaaeo ia ?icaeoie
?iii?oicai?uoth/iai ae?iaieoeoaa, no?oeoo?io iiaea?i?caoe?th ? eeoa
i?ney oeueiai aeeth/aiiy a nenoaio III. Aea aeina?ae e?a?i Eaoeinueei?
Aia?eee iieacaa, ui iiaeeeaino? eaaeiai cai?uaiiy ?iii?oo oaeaeei
ae/a?ioaaeeny, a aa?’??e ainiiaea?/i? ? oaoiieia?/ii? a?aenoaeino?
ia?aai?ioe oae ? ia aaeaeiny. O oe?eiio iiaeia neacaoe, ui no?aoaa?y
?iii?oicai?uaiiy naaa ia aei?aaaeaea, a aeey e?a?i Eaoeinueei? Aia?eee,
ui ?? ?aae?coaaee, 80-? ?iee noaee “caaoaeaiei aeanyoee?ooyi”.
I?ney oeueiai noaea /?oei ie?anethaaoenue iiaa no?aoaa?y
?iaeono??ae?caoe?? – aenii?oii???ioiaaia, ui ni?yiiaaia ia ?icaeoie
ia?iaii? i?iieneiaino? c iaoith aenii?oo i?iaeoeoe??. Oaeee i?aeo?ae
aeyaeany iaea?eueo oni?oiei aeey e?a?i, ui ai?iaaaeeee eiai ?ai?o
?ioeo. Oea ianaiia?aae “iia? ?iaeono??aeuei? e?a?ie” I?aaeaiii-No?aeii?
Ac??. Aeina?ae canoinoaaiiy oaei? no?aoaa?? aiae?co?oueny ia i?eeeaae?
I?aaeaiii? Ei?a?.
O i?ioean? ?iaeono??ae?caoe??, yea cae?enithaaeanue ca aeiiiiiaith
aaeeeeo ?iicaiieo ?iaanoeoe?e, aoea noai?aia aaca aenii?oiiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, aieiaiei /eiii oiaa??a niiaeea/iai i?ecia/aiiy
(oaenoeeue, aeaeo?ii?ea), ui i?eaaei aei c?inoaiiy /anoee aenii?oo o
AAI ?c 5% o 60-o ?ieao aei 40% a 80-o. Iane?aeeii noaei i?aeneeaiiy
iiceoe?e e?a?ie a III, inai?iiy aenieioaoiieia?/ieo ae?iaieoeoa. Oni?oo
ni?eyea aeeiai?/ia ? aio/ea iie?oeea, yea i???ioo?oueny ia oiiae, ui
iino?eii ci?iththoueny, ia c’?aeiaiiy na?oiaeo ? iaoe?iiaeueieo
?ioa?an?a c o?aooaaiiyi iniaeeainoae ?noi?e/ii? neooaoe??.
Aiaeii/an oeth iiaeaeue oaeiae ia aa?oi ?icaeyaeaoe ye oi?aa?naeueiee
?aoeaio aeey an?o e?a?i ia?eoa???. Ii-ia?oa, aeinyaiaiiy
i?aaeaiiiac?aonueeeo I?Ae iia’ycai? c? niieo/aiiyi ?yaeo ni?eyoeeaeo
oiia ?icaeoeo Oeoiieaainueeiai ?aa?iio, ii-ae?oaa, aeyaeythoueny ?
aeaye? iaaaoeai? ?ene oe??? iiaeae?, cie?aia, i?ioe??//y i?ae
aenii?oiei ? aioo??oi?i naeoi?aie aeiiii?ee, ui noa? aaeueiii
iiaeaeueoiai ?icaeoeo, c?inoaiiy ciai?oiuei? caai?aiaaiino?,
oaoiieia?/ia caeaaei?noue. Oi/a oiiae, o yeeo cae?enithaaany ?icaeoie
e?a?i I?Ae, aeoaea aaaeei ? iaa?oue iaiiaeeeai iioe?eoe ia ?io? e?a?ie,
a?aoiaoaaoe ?oi?e aeina?ae, aacia?a/ii, iaiao?aeii.
AEiaeia c ?icaeyiooeo iiaeaeae, a oaeiae aeaye? ?io? aa??aioe, ia
aeicaieeee inoaoi/ii ae??oeoe i?iaeaio ?ioaa?aoe?? e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, o na?oiaa ainiiaea?noai a yeino? eiai ??aiii?aaieo
aeaiaio?a. Oeyoai ? iai?yieai aeeth/aiiy oeeo e?a?i o no/anio nenoaio
III i?enay/aiee inoaii?e ia?aa?ao ae?oaiai ?icae?eo.
Aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a ?aae?caoe?? i?aeia?iaeii? no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo, ui
aoea ?ic?iaeaia a ?aieao Eiioa?aioe?? III ii oi?a?ae? ? ?icaeoeo
(THIEOAAe), yea i?eionea? noai?aiiy a?eueo ni?eyoeeaeo oiia aeey
iiaeieaiiy ceeaiaeiueiai noaiiaeua e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, aeyaey?
iaae??oai?noue oe??? neeaaeii? caaea/? ? aeieeiaiiy ?yaeo cia/ieo
ia?aoeiae ia oeyoo aaeaioaoe?? ?oi?o ainiiaea?/eo no?oeoo? aei iiaeo
?aae?e na?oiai? aeiiii?ee.
Ae??oaiiy oe??? caaea/? iia’ycaii c aeeiiaiiyi ?yaeo oiia, ye? iiaeia
?icaeyaeaoe ye iniiai? iai?yiee aeeth/aiiy e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o
nenoaio no/anieo na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a.
O /ene? iaeaaaeeea?oeo iai?yie?a iiaeia aeae?eeoe: ei??ii? no?oeoo?i?
ia?aoai?aiiy aeiiii?ee, aeoeaia aeeth/aiiy a nenoaio
ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueieo a?aeiioaiue, ?icaeoie ?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a.
No?oeoo?i? ia?aoai?aiiy a e?a?iao, ui ?icaeaathoueny, ia?ane?aeothoue
??ciiiai?oi? oe?e? a caeaaeiino? a?ae ??aiy ?iaeono??aeueiiai ?
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai ?icaeoeo, ?ici???a iaoe?iiaeueieo ainiiaea?noa,
iayaiino? ?ano?n?a, aea ?oiy iaiao?aei?noue aeieea? ia?aae on?ia
e?a?iaie ia?eoa??? ? iaoiiaeaia iio?aaaie a aaeaioaoe?? aei c?ooaiue o
na?oia?e aeiiii?oe? ? iia?oi?ie oaiaeaioe?yie IO?, c iaeiiai aieo, ?
i?aeneeaiiyi aioo??oi?o aeeni?iii?oe?e ? a?aeoai?thaaeueieo i?ioe??/, c
?ioiai.
Aieiaiith caaea/ath noa? iioei?caoe?y iae?iaeiiii?/ieo i?iii?oe?e i?ae
iaeaaaeeea?oeie naeoi?aie aeiiii?ee. O i?iieneiaiio naeoi?? aeieea?
iaiao?aei?noue oaeineiiaethaaiiy no?oeoo?e, ui neeaeany a i?ioean?
?iaeono??ae?caoe?? c iaoith i?enoinoaaoe ?? aei aeiia, ye?
i?aae’yaeythoueny aei no?oeoo?ieo c?ooaiue o na?oia?e aeiiii?oe?. Ia?aae
e?a?iaie, ui ?icaeaathoueny, noi?oue caaea/a i?aeaeueoe aoaeoeai?noue
i?noeaai? i?iieneiaino?, caaacia/eoe ?? aaeeeo a?aee?eo?noue ?
aeeiai?ci ye iaiao?aei? oiiae ?? ?ioaa?aoe?? a i?aeia?iaeiee ?iciiae?e
i?aoe?. *eiae? iiaeeeaino? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai i?ia?ano
a?aee?eaathoueny ia?aae e?a?iaie, yeei aaeanoueny ia?aai?ioe
ia?ooii?noue o?aaeeoe?eieo aa?a?ieo no?oeoo?. ? ia o?eueee caaaeyee
ca?eueoaiith ae?iaie/iai iioaioe?aeo ? ?ieino? aioo??oiueiai ?eieo, aea
? oiio, ui aeeth/aiiy aei i?ioeano ?icaeoeo aaee/aciiai ianeao
n?euenueeiai ianaeaiiy aaaea aei oaeineiiaethaaiiy naiiai ?eieo ye
eeth/iaiai nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai ?inoeoooo, ?iaey/e eiai a?eueo
aio/eei ? aeeaa?neo?eiaaiei.
Aaaeeeao ?ieue o caaacia/aii? caaeainiaaiiai ?icaeoeo e?a?i ia?eoa???
ia? ?icaeoie noa?e iineoa. Iiaea?i?caoe?y a?aenoaeeo
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo no?oeoo? iaiiaeeeaa aac oeueiai naeoi?a ?
ianaiia?aae oiio, ui c oe??th noa?ith o?nii iia’ycaia ae??oaiiy ?yaeo
iaa?aeeeaaeieo ? aino?eo nioe?aeueieo i?iaeai.
I?e oi?ioaaii? iioeiaeueieo ia?iaeiiainiiaea?nueeeo eiiieaen?a, ui
a?aeiia?aeathoue aeiiaai no/aniiai ??aiy, iaea?eueoiai cia/aiiy iaaoaa?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aaeocae o?aaeeoe?eieo ? no/anieo, o?oaeii?noeeo ?
eai?oaeii?noeeo, i???ioiaaieo ia aenii?o ? ia aioo??oi?e ?eiie. Oae?
nueiaiaei? e?eoa??? iioeiaeueiino? no?oeoo?ieo ia?aoai?aiue a
aeiiii?/i?e noa??. Ieoaiiy i?i i??i?eoaoi?noue oeo aai ?ioeo ?c ieo
ae??oo?oueny ii-??ciiio a e?a?iao ??ciiiai?oieo ??ai?a ? oei?a
?icaeoeo.
?ioei aaaeeeaei iai?yieii aeeth/aiiy e?a?i, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o
nenoaio na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa ? iiooe ieie naiai i?noey a
i?aeia?iaei?e niaoe?ae?caoe??, ui aeaei a ?i iiaeeea?noue aeoeaii a?aoe
o/anoue a iai?i? i?iaeoeoe??th nai?? ae?yeueiino? ia na?oiaiio ?eieo.
Ooo aieiaiith caaea/ath noa? ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y aenii?oo c iaoith eiai
oaeineiiaeaiiy ? aeoiaeo ia na?oiaee ?eiie c ae?iaaie i?iieneiaiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, cie?aia, oeyoii i?aeeeth/aiiy aei ??ciiai ?iaeo
i?aeia?iaeieo i?iieneiaeo eiiieaen?a.
Ia?aoo?, iaeiei ?c ?aaeeeaeueieo iai?yie?a iiooe?a iiaeeeainoae
iiaeieaiiy a?aenoaeino? e?a?i ia?eoa??? ? aoiaeaeaiiy ?o o yeino?
??aiii?aaieo ia?oia??a o nenoaio na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a ?
ia’?aeiaiiy ?oi?o coneeue aeey ni?eueiiai ae??oaiiy ianouieo
aeiiii?/ieo caaea/. Oea ciaoiaeeoue a?aeia?aaeaiiy a ?icaeoeo
?ioaa?aoe?eieo i?ioean?a, ui iathoue i?noea a on?o ?aa?iiao na?oo, ui
?icaeaa?oueny. ?ioaa?aoe?y aea? aea?aeaaai, ui i?eeiathoue o i?e
o/anoue, cia/iee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo ni?iiiaeiee iaaeaoe nooo?ao
aeiiiiiao o ae??oaii? ye /enoi ainiiaea?/eo i?iaeai, oae ? caaea/
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai oa?aeoa?o ? oi/a aeiaeia c ?nioth/eo iei?
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i ?ioaa?aoe?? iiee ia a?a? nooo?ai? ?ie? o ae??oaii?
eeth/iaeo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo caaea/, iai?yiie oea aeoaea
ia?niaeoeaiee, i?i ui na?ae/aoue aacia?a?ai? ni?iae aei ia’?aeiaiiy, ui
aeieeathoue o ??ciiiai?oieo oi?iao o ??cieo /anoeiao ia?eoa??eiiai
naeoi?a na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa.
O aeniiaeo i?aeaaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy,
a?aecia/a?oueny, ui a?aeaoaa?oueny ai?iaaaeaeaiiy e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, o IEA o neeo i?ioean?a aeiaaeueii? aeiiii?/ii?
?ioaa?aoe??, ui i?io?eathoue ia’?eoeaii. Oea i?eionea? iaiao?aei?noue
?aaeueieo ci?i ye ?c aieo Oeaio?o, oae ? c aieo Ia?eoa???. C?iaeaii
aeniiaee i?i iiaeeeaino? ? iai?yiee i?aeeeth/aiiy e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, aei nenoaie i?aeia?iaeiiai iiae?eo i?aoe?.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaeo? a ioae?eaoe?yo:
1. Eeniaeoeeee A.I., Ianna? Caeiaa. I?iaeaiu aeeth/aiey no?ai n
ia?aoiaeiie yeiiiieeie a nenoaio nia?aiaiiuo ie?ioicyenoaaiiuo naycae
// Eioi?iaoeeiiiue eenoie Oa?ueeianeiai a?aiaeiiai i?aaei?eyoey
iao/ii-oaoie/aneie e yeiiiie/aneie eioi?iaoeee (OA?IOIOYE). – Oa?ueeia.
– 1996. – N121. – N. 1-4.
2. Eeniaeoeeee A.I., Ianna? Caeiaa. I?iaeaiu no?oeoo?iie aaeaioaoeee
?acaeaathueony e iinonioeeaeenoe/aneeo no?ai e oneiaeyi ie?iaiai
oicyenoaa // ?eieiaa o?ainoi?iaoe?y aeiiii?ee ? i?iaeaie ina?oe. Ca.
iaoe.-iaoiaee/. i?aoeue Oa?e?anueeiai ?i-oo a?ciano oa iaiaaeaeiaioo. –
Oa?e?a. – 1996. – Aei. 1. – N. 103-106.
3. Eeniaeoeeee A.I., Ianna? Caeiaa. Ie?iaia nio?oaeie/anoai:
aa?iyoiinoue eee iaiaoiaeeiinoue // Aanoiee OAO: I?iaeaiu yeiiiie/aneie
oai?ee e i?aeoeee a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee. – Oa?ueeia, 1997. –
?398. – N. 189-193.
4. Eeniaeoeeee A.I., Ianna? Caeiaa. No?aiu ia?eoa?ee a nenoaia
ie?ioicyenoaaiiuo naycae // Aecian eioi?i. – 1997. – ?24. – N.29-30.
Aiioaoe?y
Caeiaa Ianna?. E?a?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny, o nenoai? i?aeia?iaeiiai
?iciiae?eo i?aoe?: i?iaeaia aaeaioaoe??. ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.01.01 – aeiiii?/ia oai??y, Oa?e?anueeee
aea?aeaaiee oi?aa?neoao, Oa?e?a, 1998.
A ?iaio? i?noeoueny aiae?c no/aniiai noaiiaeua e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, o nenoai? na?oiaiai ainiiaea?noaa ? oeyoe ?o
aoiaeaeaiiy aei no/anii? aeiiii?ee. Aeae?eai? aeaa oeie iiaeaeae
?icaeoeo. Aeaii aecia/aiiy o?ainiaoe?iiae?caoe?? ae?iaie/i?
ae?yeueiino?. Aeae?eai? iniiai? iai?yiee aeeth/aiiy e?a?i, ui
?icaeaathoueny, aei nenoaie no/anieo na?oiainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yce?a.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: e?a?ie, ui ?icaeaathoueny; aeeth/aiiy aei i?aeia?iaeiiai
?iciiae?eo i?aoe?.
Aiiioaoeey
Caeiaa Ianna?. ?acaeaathueany no?aiu a nenoaia iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai
?acaeaeaiey o?oaea: i?iaeaia aaeaioaoeee. ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.01.01 – yeiiiie/aneay oai?ey, Oa?ueeianeee
ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao, Oa?ueeia, 1997.
A ?aaioa niaea?aeeony aiaeec nia?aiaiiiai iieiaeaiey ?acaeaathueony
no?ai a nenoaia ie?iaiai oicyenoaa e iooe eo aoiaeaeaiey a ie?iaoth
yeiiiieeo. Auaeaeaiu aeaa oeia iiaeaeae ?acaeoey. Aeaii ii?aaeaeaiea
o?ainiaoeeiiaeecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe. Auaeaeaiu
iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey aeeth/aiey ?acaeaathueony no?ai a nenoaio
nia?aiaiiuo ie?ioicyenoaaiiuo naycae.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: ?acaeaathueany no?aiu; aeeth/aiea a iaaeaeoia?iaeiia
?acaeaeaiea o?oaea.
Annotation
Nassar Zeinab. Developing countries in the international system of
labour division: adaptation problem. Manuscript.
Thesis of PhD for obtaining of scientific degree in economical
sciences on the speciality 08.01.01 – economical theory, Kharkov State
University, Kharkov, 1997.
The work contains the analysis of modern state of developing countries
in the system of international economy and the ways of their entering
the world one. Two types of development models have been considered.
The determination of transnationalization of productional activity has
been given. Main trends of introduction of developing countries into
the system of world-economy connections were noted.
Key words: the developing countries; inclusion in an international
division of labour.
A?aeiia?aeaeueiee ca aeione i?io. E?niaeoeueeee A.I.
I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo “____”____________. Oi?iao 60O84 1/16.
Iai?? ae?oea?nueeee. Ae?oe ionaoiee. Ianya 1,0 oi.ae?oe.a?e. Oe?aae 100
i?ei.
Cai. ?___________. Aaceiooiaii.
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