AAAAeAIEA
A ???? ????i ?cy??a ?? ec ???o ?? ???? ?????e ????i??e, ???? ?? ?????e
????e. Aac ?????oth?? ??iy ???ey ?????e ??????? ????? ???e ?? oy??e
????e.
O????a ???ey?y ? ??? e ?????a ?????? ??y ?y ????????i ?????? ????? AAE
«O?????? I?????a ?????? ???? e ?n??ytho ??a 95% ????? ????????? ?i???
(AIE) O???. A????? ?????athu? ???ey?e ????? ???? ?????? ??y ? ????i
?ny?? ?o.
O???? ???? e ???? y???? e ??? ?y?e n ???ey?y? ??? ??i NIA ????? ??? ???a
?????? ???? ??a ????e ???ey?e AAE «O?????.
I???y?y AAEa ???tho a ???o o??eyo ???? ???i -y?????? ????, ???a ????i e
????i ????y, ????ey ???a ? ??? ??? ?????? ?y ?????y ????? ???.
A?????th?a e ??????? ?aae?ey?y ???ytho a ???? ????? ??i????? ??????,
???ue ??? ???? ????o 60-80%.
??? ?????ue ???u ? ????o y??????? ??y ???????i ?????i, ? ?ey a ????e 1
??u ???? ?? ????o 15-30%. Ec-? ???????e ????? ??? e ????ey ???th?o
?y????? ???? ?? ?e ????a ??????ey ???????o ????? ? ?????oeeth. A? y?
????i ????? ?y ??y?y ????n?? ???y i ???????? AIE, ?a????a a ?i ??a ??a
?????a i?u, ?e ???? ??????? ???ey?e.
A ???yo ???? ????e ??i i????ue ????a ???? ???? ????e. I???i ????i y? ?y
?????? ???ey?e, ?????oth ??ue ?i??? ???o e a ????? ????????y ???ey? ?
y???.
I???? y?????? ?????ath?o ???ey?e ???? ? ?? ?????? ???c??ey ??. A?????
???????o ??????e a O???, n ??? ???i ????? ??ae, y?yth?y ??????. I????
??i ????ue ??? ??????y ???i ????? ??ae, ?i ? ??? ???o ????? ??o ???ey?e,
? e ????o y?????oth ?????.
A?? ? ???a, a ???i ????ue ?????ath?a ???ey?y, ????? ?c ????ey ???o
??????.
Ec ?????? ?? ???a ?????? ??iy?y ?????ath?o ???ey?e ??i, ?i a ?? ????e
???i ??????, a ??a ????i ????i-y??????i ?e?? ?c ????e ?????a y? ???ey?y
? ??? ???????ue ?ith ???.
I???? ???? ?????e ??????oe ? ??? y?? ? ???ey y?yth?y:
N???????? ???y?? e ???? y????? ??? ?????.
I????ey e ??????y ???? e ???????o ????a. O???? ???e ?????? ? ??????.
N???a ??? e ????a ???? ??. A???? ??o ???a ????ey ??? ??ae.
A????y ???, ?iy?y ??ae ????e y? ??? ????????? ??a ???a??o, ?????a, ?????
???o ??i?? e o.ae., ?? ??? ??, ????a y?????? ?????e ??? ??i ???i
???ey?y.
1 I?ay ??ue
1.1. E??ay ??????? ??? e ??i???ey.
I?????? ???o ???? ?ae, ??? ??e A.E.E??a, ???i?? a ???? ??e E??????
????ae?? ???? e a ???????? ????e ??? a ??? O????? ??? ??aea E??? ??a
Ae???????e ???e. A?ae??y ???????y ???y ????ay ????y a 3 ? ? ??????y.
A??e ??ae ???a ?. E??a ???ueth ??i 7 ? (4 o. 1,5) ? th? ???? n ??? ???i
??u «A????ay», a ? ??? n N???i ??i-??????? ?????, ?????th?i I?????a
??????a ?e???o ????a.
I?a???ue ??? ????ey? ??e ???o, ?????th ???e, ????e, ??e?e, ????e e ???
????y.
O?? ??e A.E.E??a ??? a ??? E?????? ??????i ????a, a ?o?? ??aey?y ?a ?e
??u: «A????ay», «I?y??, «????.
O?? ??e A.E.E??a ??????o a ???? ??? iy?? e ???i ?????i ????? ????? ??a
N?????e ?i???e. A iy?i ????? ????th?y ??? «A???ay», «E?????ay», «I? 92»,
«N?a?ay ?e 130», «I? 150» e «8-I». A????? ? ?o ?atho ??????? ???u,
??????oth ???o ????y (100-670i), ??th??a ???eytho ??? «I? 150» e «8-I»,
???a ??aey?y ? ???? ??? ???? ?ey e ????u: ??ay ? ???u 1200i, a ??ay – ?
1400i ? ?a????.
A??a ?e 80% ?? ??? ???e ??i???ey ???tho ??? «IE-2», «I???e-1», «IE-1»,
«69-1».
N??????a ??? ?atho ???th ??e???th e ????yth?y, ?e ???? ???yth?y a ??
??oth ???. Ae?? ??? ?e ? ?????th ????ny ? 125i ? 470i, ???? – ? 15i ?
90i. C??u ???e y?? ?? ???eytho 85% ?? ???a ???o ?ae. E ?i ??ny?y ???
«IE-1», «IE-2», «69-1», «I?????y IE-1», «I???e -1», «A???ay», «3I»,
«8I».
I??????a ??? ????a ? ???? (?5i ? 25i) e ?????? ? ??a (100-450i),
?????iyth?y ? ?????ua ???u, e, ????ay?, ???yth?y ? ????a ??? ??. E y??
?? ??ny?y ???: «N?????, «69-2», «69-3», «69-4», «I? 150».
Ai?????? e ??????a ??? ??????y ???? ??????u, ?atho ????a ???????a ?
???o. O?e ???y – 50?-70?, ??? ?????y ??a??th?e ??e 52?.
???a ?? n ?????i Fe>50? ?atho ??? ???? n ??ath?? ???ie.
I???a ???a ?? ?????u a e??? ?? ?????o ???e. A?? ??? ?????u a ???o ?ny??
??. Ii ??i ????? ????i ?? ?ey?y ?: iy?? (f=3-6), ???a (f=7-9) e ???a
(f>9).
Ia ???? ? 900i ???? ??????? ?? n f=5-6, ? ???? 1200i – n f=7-9 e ??a.
A??th?? ???? ??? ???e y?ythony iy?e, ??? e ???e ?????, a ??a ??? e ???e
????a ????u, ???a ????? ?????e ????? e ??????, ???- ??????e e
????i-??????e ?????. I???ue ??ath?o ??ae ????ny a ???? f=7-20. I???a
n??y (f=7-9) ??a ????o (??o-?????) ????a ??????a ? ???? (? 30%) e ???ey?
5-10% ??? ???. I???y ian? ????? n f=13-18, a ?????? e ????i-?????? n
f=18-21. I??u ?????, a a ???o ??????o ?i – ??????.
A?? a ??e ??a ??? ??? ??ae ??? ???yo 21%. A th?? ??e i?????ey a ?yo
30-50 ??????ny ????e ??e ???e 60i, ???e ????ny ? ???o 1125i. A ?yo 60-90
(?????y ?n?) ???a ??? ???e ? 85i, ??c ????a ????u ? ????e (50-100i)
??e??ath?y ??a ? ???u 1125i. A ???? ??e ???? ?ey ?ci?? ???e ??e a ?yo
100-110, ???e 40i a ????a ??? 50-450i.
A y?? 1125/900i a ?yo 110-120 – ? 80i e ??? ? ???th 110i (???) e 240i
(???).
I????a ???? ???tho a ???? e th?? ??yo ??????y. E ?i i????u i???? ???
???o ???? ?ae ????th 1-3i. Y? ??? ?atho ??????? ???u ? ?????th e ??ieth,
a ?y?, n ?i ? ?atho ?????i? ???ey.
Ia ???o ???? ?????i ????a ???tho ??? ?????e ??u, a ???e ??eyth?y ?a
????, ??iyy e ??yy.
I?iyy ????, ????? ????? ?????, ?????, ??ue ????. Ia ??????e ?e ???tho
????a ??u, ???a ????ath?y ? ?????th e ???th. A??yy ??a, ??????
??oe-?thaey?? ??????e. E ??? a th?? ??e ?????i ????? ??o ???a. I???ue
?????? ????ny a ???? f=13-15 e ???i ??, ?i o ????o ????a f=15-20. I??a
???y, ?????e ????. I???ue ??ae ??? ??u 15-65i, a ???e 10-250i.
C???tho ??? ??ae ?????? ??e ??? ?????e ??u. A ???a ??ae ?????e ??u
?????tho ????????, ??????? e ????-????? ???. I???ue ??u 4500-500i.
E?????a ??? ???tho ? ???? e ????? ?????e ??ae ?????? ??e. C?u ?????
????? ???? ??????i, ?????i e ??????i ??.
I????e y?n ????i ??i-??????o?e ??????e ???e. E??a ??o ??ii ???ath?y
????a?? ????e ?i???i ???o.
E?????e ?????? ????, a ?o?? ??yo ????a ???e, ??o ???th ????????? ? 10 ?
15 ?i.o. A ??? ??y ?????a ??? ??y ????o ??? ???ey?e ? 30 ? 60-70 ?o.
A??a???y.
I???ua ?? ? ????? ??????y ??ath?y a ??????, ?????, ?????? ????yo e a
???????o ???o ????y. A?????ue ?????? ????e ?iy?y?ny a ?????? ????o e
?eth???i-?etha???o ?e??eyo ??e «N???y E??ay».
A????i ??? ???-??a oy??a ???? e ??u. A???? ?? a ????o ???tho ? ???a 0.5
– 15i. A???? ????e ??iy ????o ?ae ??a 0.5 – 1.5i. A?????ue ????a
?iy?y?ny a ??? ????y ???o ?????o ???a. Ae??u ???? e ???i, ???a ????atho
??? ????? ????, ???atho 0.07-1.0i?/?n. A????e ???? ?eth???i-?eth????
?????? ????a ??????o a a?? «N???y – E??ay». I???ue – 1.0 – 3.0i. A?a
?eth?y ???? ia ???a 0.5 – 3.0i ? ?????e. A???? ????e ??iy – 1.5-2.0i.
Ae??u ????o ???i e ????e 1.0-3.0i?/?n, ?e ????e ??iy ?? ? 4-6i ? ??????.
I????a ?????i ????a ? ?? ?????o ???a. Ii ?????o ?ae???th ?? ?eth?y
????i-?????y, ????-????ay ??????y – 1.0 – 2.0a/e.
I???i ????? ????ey ??u ??e y?y?ny ????y ?? ???????o ??? ????y. I???ay ??
???ony e ????????.
Ii ??????? ??????? ?? ?i??a.
A??oth ?? a ?????e ??? ?i?y ?? ????tho ????a ???u – ?????a ??? e
????????? ???? ??ae.
A????e ???? ???????? ?? ???????y ???e ???y??, ??????e ????????ueth ???,
?e ????o ?????o ?????, ?e e a ??i ????a, a ??a ???e ???? ???i? ?ae.
A????????a ??th??y ????, ?i ??? ?????? ??u, ????u: a a??? ?????e ??
???????? ???a. N ???? ? ?????? ????ue? ?????y.
Ia ???? 177i (o. ?. E??a) e 377i (o. «O???ay»), ? ???? ??ae ??a???e e
???????? ??e, a ???o ????????u ????? ??.
A ??i, ????? ????? ?? ? ?? ?????i ????? ???a ????o ?ae (55%), ? ???o 20%
?????ny ? ??e??? ??u, ??????e ????e ? ??ae ?ny?? e ???? ??a (35%),
??????e ?????o ???a a ??? ????e ??c ?? ????y ?? e ???? (10%).
I?????ay ?????? ?????a ? ??? 1972-2006?. ??????otho i ?i, ?i ? ??ae
?ny?? ?? ?? e ??, ? ? ??????.
1.2 A?i?y ????????? ??u.
A??ay ????????? ???o ? ???? ??a ????, ???a ??i ????? a ?e ???:
A?????? ???u, ????a ? ??ui ???????e e y?????e ??????y.
A??-??????a ???u, ?i ?????otho ????th ? ???i-y?????? ??c??yi ???o ?????,
? ????u e ??? ???ey ??????y.
I??????i-?????a ???u a ???yo ???i ??????y e ????e ???u ?????.
E ???? ????? ??u ??nyo i?????a ??? ?? a ???i ?ea ??????y, ??????ay
y???????y ???ue ??? ?e a ???? ???? ?ey ?e ??????y, ???a ????y ??i???ey,
??? y??, ???y ?????ay i????????ue ??u e ????e ?? ??????y ??u.
A??? ????y, ??????ay ?i?? ??? ?e e ??? y?? ?????? y?yth?y e ????e ?????e
???ey. Io ???a ???e ???????? ???oe ??nyo ????? ???y ????e, ?i ???atho
??????a.
Ii ???? ?????i ???y ?a?? ??, ??????? ??? e ??????? ????e, ?????o ?????,
???a, ?i ???y?y, ?????ath?y ??e ???ey, ????? e ????e y??.
A??ay ????????? ??u ? ??ui ?????yi ??????ny ? ???a: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?a: s – 27910 i? ???ue ???i ??;
i – 16.5i ??????a ????a ???? ???;
a – 3.85 o/i? ???? ?n ??;
e – 0.907 ?y???? ????ey ??? ??u;
r – 0.031 ?y???? ??????y ??;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I????th ????i ??i ???th i????????ue ????? ????ue ? ????? ???e ????a ???e
????e y??, ?i ????y a y?????e e ???e ???ey e ????? ??? y??, ???, ?i ?y
????? ??? ??u ????? ????ue ??? ????, ???i???o e ???o e ??? c??? ??.
A???a ??????y ??u ?. E??a ???y?ny ????? y???. O? ?e ?a?ny ?????
??i-?????o ??o, ?y e?eth??y ???a ??o ????e ???? e ??????? ??o ????? ???y
i????????ue ??u ?????y 1.5 ?i.o.
A??? ??i ??? ??ae ? ???i????o, ???? e ??i-?????o ??o ???? ??i 300
?n.o/?ae.
I?iy?y ???y ????????? ? ??? ??a ??????o ????i ?????yi ??u e?? E??a n ??.
1200i, ?i, ?e ????th?i ???a, ??i 2.337 ?i. o ??? ??u a ?ae:
1500 + 300 5×70+42,4+38,8):2+0,12=163 OM
R?=(3.5×70+50+42,0):2+0, 12=168,62 Om
Roe=(3,5×67+64+40,0):2+0,12=169,37Om
ROae=(3,5×48+52+40.0):2+0,12=130,12Om
2.6. A????, ???? ??a e ??? eth?e a ??.
I??? ??? i ????? ?? ???ey?e ? ????? ??? (? ????? ??a e ??? ? ????? ???
??), ???o??? ? ??a ?? ??i??a ????? ? ??? e ????? a???e ???e. A?th??
?a??? ??e?? ???? ???e (????e ???), ???? ???y? e ????a ?e????ey e ???.
A?e ??a ????yo ???? ???e, ??????a ???a e ?e ??eth?tho ???????i ??ae
????? e ???ytho ??a.
N?? AAN* a ??o ?y ????y ???e ?? e ??th??y ??????o ???? ?????ny a 09 ?n.
00?i. 03.02.2008a. ? ??? o. E??a ? ??.1200 ,1125i. ? ,???? e???? 80 ?e a
?o-??? 600 ?e, 73 ?e,
Ae??e a ??o ????i?o ?????ny ??o???? ? ???ue ??a ??a ???? ????e e ???a
????e ????u ???? ???a ?e ??????? AAN* a ?????? n §166 e ???a?? 9 ?IA ?e
???? ????
I?????? ? ??? eth?e a ??o ??e I?????a – ???e e??a? ??u.
I????a ??, ??a e ??? ?????e i ?????? ????i ??? ????? ???? I?I..
I?????? ? ????? ??? ?????, ?????? e ????? e ????eth ????i ???, ? ???o?
??????? ????aae ? ????ea e ?????? ????i ??? – ?????e ????o?ue ???.
I?? ??? ?a ???? ???aeyo a ????? ??????? ? ??????a, ???e, ??aey ? ?????
???e, ??????? ???? ?? ???a, ????? a ??? ?????, ??o ????? ????ue ???u ??,
??? ????? ? ??? eth?e a ???????ny ???e, ????ey? ?e ???ue ??u.
I??????i ??ae ???i ????y e ???ay, a ??a ??o???? ? ??ae eth?e ? ????,
????, ?aeatho ????? ???? ??????? ?e????th ??? i ??? ??? eth?e ? ????o
????e.
I????a ???u i ??? eth?e ? ????o ????e ??tho ?????? ?? ???o n ???
???ey?e, ?e eth? ??o ???o?y a ????o ?????.
I?? ????i ??? ???a ???ath?y e ?a?a ??? ??a ??????ey ????? ????e ????u e
????ey ??? ????e a ????? ??iy?a. ?????a ? ??? eth?e ?y ??? a ??? ??? ???
??????e ? ??a ??a ????y ??? ? ANA* ?e ???? ???a (?? – ???y???e ???) i
??iy?e ????e e ????e ????u.
I?IAAO?EAAIEA ?AEIIA AC?UAA.
????ia ??y ??????y 5,4 ??a .
I?iy?a ??y ??????y 8 ?n 00?i
I?????? ??? ??? e ??u a ??i ??????ny ????e??i AAN* a ?????? n ??????
?????e.
I?????? ? ??a e ?????? AAN* n ???i ????i ??? – ?a?? ???? ??u.
I?????? ? ??????a ??? ????i ??? e ??u a ??i ?/. IAN ??u.
N?????:
C????? ????a ? IO
«___» ???y_2008 ??O???ath:
A??? ???? ??u ?. E??a
«___» _???y__2008 ??
I A ? I I ? E ss O E ss
? ??????eth i????? ??? ??? ???a ?7 ??a ????i ??? ? ???a ????? a ??a
80-87 ?e a y?? ??. 1200/1115 i ??? «69-1».
IAUAss *ANOUe
1. A??e ??? ??u, ???e ???a, ???a ????? ???? ???? ??u, ??a ???i ??a???ey
e ????ey AANI, ????? ???? ???? ????e ????u ? ???a «NI» a ?o ???o
60,63,67,73 ?yo ??.1200i.
2. Ae??e eth?e ? ???e ?????ny ??? ?n??i ??a ???i ??????y ??? ??o e ????
??iy?y ??e?ey ??? ????e, ????o ????e ??????a, y?????? ???e, ???i
?????ey.
3. I? ?????e ????e ??? ???, ???e ???a ???atho ?? ? ??????eth, i???ay ?y
????ey ??o ???o ? ?? ???e.
C?. ???? ???? ? A? O.E.II?a??e ???a ?7 O.E.IIa ??? ????ey ??????e??
??o ????tho ???, a ??? ?o?? ??yo ???a ?????e, ???e e y???? ?ae ??????
?oe ???a??i ???a. I? ???i????? ???o a ??oth ???ue ???yo a ????ia ??iy?a
????e, ?????e?tho ???a ????y ???th?o, ???tho ???a ??a. C?? ?i??tho ?y?a
? ??aa ??????, ????a, ?aey?a ????? e ???a ???, ???ny i??y??a a ??.
A?th??a y???y??? a ??a ????? ???e ???a ????i n ???? y????i.
I?? ???a ?? ? ??? (???) ?a ???i-y?????? ????? ? ????o ??? ??ny?y a ???o,
e ??ny ??y ??? ???. ?????u ? ?????i ???? ???i ??????? ?n????ath?y ??????
???ey?y e ???ath?y ???y ? ????th ????? e ?????o ????????th ?????? ??o.
2.7. O??? ?????? ?e ????, ???? AI e c?y?a.
I? ????? ???? ???a ??????ath?y ??oth?a ?????a ?? ??????:
1. ??????y ???y? AI, ? ???a ?ath?y n?????th?a AINOu ?e ?????? OO, a ??a
??????a ??????a.
2. O?i?y ???ey e ???????e ??? ?????? ?a?????a ? ??e, n?????ey, ???y e a
? ? ??y ??????? ???? e ?????o ?i???th ??o ? ? ??? e ???.
Aeey ???ey AI ??yo ?????a ??? ? ???i ?e ??????? ????. Ii ??? ????eth ???
AI ?eyo ? ???? e ????a. A? ??? AI ??ny?y e ????e ??i ??? ???? e ??iyth?y
??????i.
????? ??? ??? ?y ????? e ???e AI ????? e ??o ?? y????i e ????i ??.
I????y ?????ue ????o ????o ???a ? ??? ????ue ??????i ??? AA e ?ny?????i
??? NA.
E??u, y??e e ?a ????e ??? AI ??y?y ?????e ??ueth.
I???? ??? e ???y?o ????e ??? ?? ? ???????? ?e ??????e ????e ????.
Aeey ??a ???a e ???a AI ? ???? ?ath?y ??oth?a ????u: ??a ??a ???a e ???a
AI; ??a ?a? ??? e ???? AI; ??yae-???iay; ??yae-???a. I? ?????? ???? ???a
???ya?y ????ue ???ey AI.
O?????oth?y AI n ????i ??? ? ??o, ?e ???i, ? ????eyo. Aeey ????e AI
???ath?y ??? ????? ???????, ????a e ?????a ???? ?????. A ???i ??a ???ny
???: «A???e? ????, ???ai e ???? ?y ????e ????? ?o??.
A ??o AI ???eytho a ??yo e ??yo, a e ??o ????ey ??o a ????o ???yo – ??e
??? ????? ????? e ???th. I?? ?y ?a?????? AI ???o ? y????? e ????e ?y AA
e NA. ? ??? ??????y ??????ue ??oth?a ??????a ?a?: ???e y????? ??? n ??i
???, a a ??a ???a ? ?a ???u ????e ????e ??? n ???i e ??i ???. A ????e
????a ???y ??i ?y ???a ?????th?? ??. A???? ?y ???? AI ????tho a ??? ?? n
???e ???e ? ???a? ??? ? a?o ??? ???e 0,15i. ??ae ????????ny ??y
?????ey?, a o ????a e ??, ?????th?? ???, ?e?u ?? ??????e ???oth?? ??.
I???? y?????a e ??, ?y??? n ????e AI, ??? ?? ????????? i ???? ????e AI.
Aeey ??y??y ???i e ??? ???a?ny ????? ????? ????o e ?????????? ???o. ???a
y?o ?oe ??o ??c???ny ??? ????i n ?????e ?ae ? ????. Ia ????a? ?y????
?????a ??????? ?????ey, a ?? ????? ??o ???? ???????a ???a. I??????
?????? ?uy?y? ???i, ?i ????o ???ue, a ??i ??? ??o ???? eth?, ?a ??aey?y
????, ???u ???e ??.
???? ????ath?y ? ????? ??????, ???? ??? ???e ?????? (??????e ? ?????
?????a) ???? y?o ???, ??a ?? ????e ??? ??? ???y??a i ??? ? ????a.
I????a ?????a ??? ?? ???? a AE??? ? ??o ?????y ???e?? ? ???a ??????.
I??a ???? ????ny ? ???o ???i e ????ue ?e??iey ?e ??y?a ??????o ????a,
???o ???ue ??o, ????eth ??? ? ???y?? ????, ???? AeO e YAe, ??i??? e
?????y ?????y ???? YAe, ??e AeO.
C????ny:
· ?e ??????? ??y??e ??????a ??????i? AA a ??yo, ?a ???y ??????y ?
?????tho ????? ?? AA a ???a ? ???o ??? ?? ????? ?? (???a – ? ??a 1 ?/?,
??o? – 10 ?/?);
· ???i?? ??e-?? ??? ?e ??? ??y?? ??i, ???o ? ? ?y? e ?o??a AA ??a
??eth??y ? e a???? ?????;
· ???oue ???? ???i ???a a ??y?? ?o???? e ??y?? ???o ?? ????? ???;
· ???c??ue ?y ??y??y AA, ????a n ??u, ????? ???e ??? e ???e ??????
?????;
· ???a? ?e ??y?a ?a e ??a ?? AA;
· ???c??ue ?e ????????e AA y??????y?a ?o????u, ?ath?a ???? ???? y??????
??????a ??a 10 Ii/?;
· ???i?ue e ??y??th a ????o ???o ??a??o ?e io???? ?????? ????? ???i ???a
n ???? ? ??a;
· ???i?ue e ??y??th ?c ?????y ??? ? ?a ???u ? ?? ???ey AA, ?????ey ??y??
???.
I??????? o ??y?? ??? ???a?ny ????ue AA a ?????o, ??i???? ???? (????i), ?
? ??a ?????e ???e ????????? ???.
C???a ???a ??y?? ??? e ???????? ??y??a ???th?y ??a ??, ?e ?????? ????
??o ?e ??, ???o??? ? ??a, ???ny ?i:
– ?a ??, ? ?y??? n ?????e ???, ???? ? ???n?a ???y?a, i ?i ???????o ????y
???a;
· ?a ??? ??? a ???a 50 i ? ??a c?y??y ?????;
· ??a ???? AA e ?????ey ??y?? ??? ????? ????i e ?y ????? ??? ???;
– y???y??ey ??th??, ????? ????e ? ????? ???, ? ???? ????o i????u ????
«Ia ?eth??, ?? ??y??.
I? ?????? ???? ???a ???ue?a ???????a ???? ??y??a ???i ???????? AA n
???th ??y?? ??i. Ai ??y ??y?e ? ?????o ??i ? 3-4 ???e: ????-????,
???th?e ???????i i ??y??y, ??y?th?e e a?i?????e ???a (1-2) ?y ???? e
?????ey ??y?i? ???.
Aeey ??y??y ???? ?????:
· ???e? ??y????i ???i ???o e ???o ????, ????? ??o ????y?, a ?e ??y??e
??????? e ???y?o ???i ????y a ????? ??;
· ???ue ??a, ????y a ?i, ?i ??? ????o ??? e ?c ??;
· ? ????? ????y a ?i, ?i ???? n??? ???a ??????o ????? a???a;
· ??? ??y?? ??a ? ???nth??? ???a, ???? ? ?? ? 0,8-1,5 i, e ???? i ?????
e ??y?a ????o IOC;
· ???i? ?eth?? ???, ?????a ? y?i ??y?th??, ???e ? ?? ??y??y i??i ???o
??a ? ??y.
C?y?a ???y ? ?o ??, ?? ae?? ??y??? ??e ???? ??o ???????ue ??y?e ?e ????
??? ?????e ??y?. Ii ????e ??y??y, ? ??? ??? ?? a ??o ????-???ee ???
???ue ??e e ????i ???ue ??? ???? ??a.
Aeey ??y??y ???i ????i 105-110 ? ????tho ??a n ????i ????i 32-52 ? ?e
??a ? 50i n ??? ???i?? ????ey? ?? A?N.
N???u, ?ath?a ????i ???a a ?????? ??????, ?c ???????e ? ?????? ? ????ey
AA ?????y ??y??.
I?? ????ey ??y??y, a ???? ??yo ???u-???e e ????yo ??aae ???? ?? ???? ??u
?????.
Aeey ??th??y ???a ??e ??y? i? ?????e ???, a ???? ??yo ae? ???a. I??e ?
???? ?????atho o ??y ????, ??? – ??a ??y??y ???? 80-90% AA. ??? ??? ???
??eiytho, ??? n ????th?i ??? (AeO), ??? – n YAe ?e AeO. E?????tho ? ?
??a ??o, a ?e ??a ???a n YAe ??? CIIa – a ????? ????? ??a.
A ???y?a ???? ???e ???tho ? ???a. I? ??y??e ???y?o ???i ??ee ??yo a ????
n ??oth?i, ???i e ????tho ??? ? ????y ? ?a. A ???? ??y? a??? ?????atho ?
?????e ??a e ??? ??y?.
A ???? ???yth?o ?????a ??? ???y?ny ???ay ????a ?e ?? n ???ueth ???y ?
??a 15 ?2.
Ia ?????y ?????y??a ??????i?e ?th?- e ????????? AA ?c ?a??????i ?
????ey.
C?y?? ??? e ?????? ??? ????y a ????i ?????i ? ??e ????e. Aeey y?o ??e a
??? ????tho ??y?? ???e. I? ?a???i ??????e ??y?? ??i ???a?ny ? ???? ???
??? a ????? ????? ??a.
A? ?ath??y ? ??a ??y?? ??iu ???? ??iy??o ????????o ???o n ???th a
«AE???…», a a ?????e ? ??? ??? e ???a II? – ????, ???? ?e ?????? ???o.
I? ???????, ????? e ????? ????i ??? ????????e ?i???ey?, ?????ey? e
??????? ? ????? ???? ??o y?ythony ?????? ???ey?e, ? ???e?? e ?????a ??,
??????a ? ?????? ???? ??o, ????i-?????a ?a??? ???????i-?????o ???a
(??i), ??????? ??? ??, ?????? ?? e ? ?????e ? ?????? ???i, ????? ???? e
???? ????. I? ????? ???? ???a, ????? ? ? ????a, ???ay ???????ue ?????y ?
???? ???? ???ey?y ? AA?, ??n??ey ???? ???? ??u ? ?????? ???i e ???i?a
????i ???a.
???? ??o ???????ue ? ????y ??? ???e ?????? e ??i??? ?????. I?u ????y a
????n? ? ????a ????y e ?i i????? ??a ??o ?? ???????e, ???????u? ?e ????
??o ???????ue a ???? ??yae?.
AeIIIEIEOAEUeIUA IA?II?EssOEss:
a) ????? ?y ??? ??y?? ??? 4 ?????ey (2 o ??y?? ??? IOC-3, e 2 a ???e
????a). I??th?? e ??a A??? 50i ???????? ???. I?? ??? a ???a ?? A, A, A o
?? ???o e EO? ?uy? ?????a i??????e;
a) ?????? e ????? ??oth ??th ?y? «??y?ay ????a – ??y??ay ???y ?????;
a) ? ????ue a ???a ?? A, A, A ???? ?c ???oth?o n??????e;
a) ????? ??? ? ???y?e ? ??a 25 i ? ??a ???ey AA e ??????y ??y?? ???,
??th?? ? ?e?? ?? e ????? ????? ????? ? ????e ??;
ae) ? ??e ? ??? ??? ? ??y??th ?????ue e ?????ue n AAN* ???th IEA;
a) ? ??y ??y??y ???? ???a ????e e ??a ????e ??y?? ?o? ??????e n ???e
??y??? ? ?? 36 V;
ae) ???i ???ue ??e ???a ??a?? e ??a ????e ??y?? ??i;
c) ??y??a ?a?? e ??y?? ??? ?????y ??a ??? ?????ey ????ey ????????o ????a
e ??/?ey e ????y ?????i ??????y ? ????? ???a, ?i ??, ? ?y??ua n ?????e e
?????i ????i a??a, ???u ? ???u ???o ?i;
e) I?????? ? ??y??a ??? e?? ?????e ? ???a n ????? AA e ??e ?? AI, ?????
???e AI ? ??a e ?????ue ?????eth ??? (??????? ? ??a) i ????? ??y???
???i, ??? ???, AEC, i ???a e ???a AI;
e) ??????a ? ??y??a ?? ?ae? ??????oth ?????eth ????i ? c?y??th;
e) ????? e ?? ? ?ae AA ??o ? ??a ??y?e ??? ? ??????.
E?a, ??????a ? ????? ???e???o ???ey?e:
· ???e ???? ??u (??? c, e, e, e)
· e.i.???i?a ?. ???? ??o . (??? a, a, ae)
· ???e y???? ??u . (??? a, a, a)
· ????e IAN ??u (??o ae)
·
NIENIE?oe, ??????o ? ????a ???? ?e i????a e ????? ????i ??? e ??????o n
?????i e ???y?? ????ey ????i ??? ? ?O. E.I.C????y ????ueI??????? ? ????a
???? ?e ????? ???I??? ? ??e??i. n ?????i1 A??? ??????????e ??????
??? 2 C?. ?.?ae?????e ?????? ??? 3 C?. ??. ? ?-?E???ue ? ?????e e ?????i
??? 4 C?. ??. ? IOE???ue ? ??th??? ????? IO 5 I?. OIN????? ???a ?
??a 6 C?.?.e?. ? A?E???ue ? ??th??? ????? AIA ?e A? 7 Ae. y????Nay?,
?????ue ye.???? ??, ?eth??a ????? 8 Ae. ???eE????? ?????ey, ???a ?aeu ?
?????e? 9 Ae. ???E???a ????u 10 Ae. ??o.E???a ????u, ???? ???a ?a?? e
AA 11 I?. ?. IANI????? ??????y ?e?a ???, ??? N AAN* 12 I?. ?. AOON??y?a
????o ??e, ????? ???a, ??. ?? 13 I?. ?. A?I????? AI, ??y?? ???ie 14 ???e
?.A?I????a ??y?? ??i e o?????? e ???, ????a ????? c????e 15
I?.o/.?7I???. ? ??y??a, ? ???? AA, ? ??ae eth?e ? ?? ? 1 16 I?. ?.
?7E????? ??., ???? ? ??? ???, ??o. ??a ??? 17 ?/. ???a ?9???? ?????i ??,
????a ????e, ????? ???? ??o??e 18 ?/. ???a ?22???? (???) ?? e ??????a,
???o ???a 19 ?/. ? ?17???? (???) y?????e e ?y?
3. I?AAIECAOeEss I?IECAIAeNOAA
3.1 A??? e ???? ??i ??? ??????? ??a
A??? ??i ??? ???uo ?a??a ?e ????a ??a – ?????e. Y? ???e ??tho ????a ? ??
???ytho e ???oth ???. *?? ???o ?ae a ?? ?y ???? ???? 350.
I???????a ??? ? ??a ??o ????????? ????????e ???e, a ???? – ????a ???e.
*?? ???o ?? ?y ???? ???? 250, ? ?? ????y ???y ??ey n ??y ????e ?y?.
N???e ??i ??? a a?? ?? ???e ????????ue ??u ?iue ??a.
A?iy ??? e ????y ??.
?-y ??a n 2300 ? 600
??-y ??a n 800 ? 1500
???-y ??a n 1530 ? 2230
0-y ??a n 600 ? 1300
I??ay ??a ?????ny ?y ????ey ????o ??o, ??u ? ??????ue i???a ???.
3.2 A?o? ???a ???o ????i e ????i ???a
A??e ?o?? ???ey?ny ????e? ???a ? ???a 25 ??a ???? ?ny? ? ??oth?e.
A??e ???a ???ey?ny ? ????e ??a ???? ???e ? ???e ?nyoe.
I????i ??? ??a ???? ???e ???a ? eth? 2007 ??. E????? ?? 30.
Ae?a. = Aee – Ae?o. = 30-8 = 22 ?y (22)
?a Aee – ????? ?????o ??
Ae?o. – ????? ???? ??
*?? ?????? ??a ??? ???eyoue:
*??.•?n = Ae?a. • 7 = 22 • 7 = 154 ?? (23)
?a Ae?a. – ????? ???o ?? a eth?
7 – ????????ue ??e ???e ?a?
N???i ??y?e ?????e ????????e ??u, ????? ???a ???? ??? ???ey?:
A = *??.?n : 7 = 154 : 7 = 22 ??? (24)
?a *??.?n – ????? ?????? ??a
7 – ????????ue ??e ???e ??u
???? o ???? ?? ? ???o ?????a ??o ??i ? ???? a ???a ?ny?.
N??i ??? ???a ? eth? ?nyoe, ?????a ??y ??? a eth? ????i – 154 ??.
A?AOEE AUOIAeIA NIAOAIIAI O*ANOEA
Eth? 2008 a?a
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3.3. I????ey ???? ??a e ?????y ??a ????a ? ???i ??a.
3.3.1 N????a ??a ????a
O??o? e ????? ?y?? ????i ???? ??nyo ? ?????? ???????? ???, ?????i-?????o
???a, ?i???? ?y ? ????ey e ??y?e ?o???e.
A ??? ???u a???? ???: ????a ??y? ? ?????? ???a; ????a ????? ???a, ???a
????y e ???? ? e ??o a??a; ??? ???? ??a; ????a ????-????; ?i??a ??????
?????ey e ???u ???; ??ea, ??y?a e ????a ???; ??o ?? ???i (????? ???);
???? ?????a a???; ????ey ??????ny ???? e ???; ????a ????? e ??? ???? ?e
????e; ?????a ??? i ???a ????? ????? e n?/a ? ???? a ??ae.
3.3.2 O?? ?a???? ??a
I??e? ????????e ???e ????ey e ?i???e ??a y?yth?y: ???????y (? ??i ??o,
????yi e ??????yi); ? ???yi (????a ???????o e i???? ??o ? ????);
??????ay, a ??a ? ??????.
Ia ????o ??? ???o, ?iy?a ???????i ? ??? ??, ? ???? ????, ???????? e
?????o ??? ????e, ???tho ???????i ?????i – ????. A??? a o?oa ?????? ?
???????i-???????? ????. Ii ??? ????????o ???o ???u ?ey?y ? ?a ??:
a) ????????? – ???????? ? ???o ??e-?? ??e ????e;
a) ?????a – ???????? ? ??? ????e, ?????o ?y ????ey n ??? e ? ??a ??i
????????i ??a ?e ????a ??o a ??a.
E??a??y ???a ????ey? ??e ????a ???o, ?ath?o ??a ???a ??i, ??? ????????
???a, ?y???? ??o ?a?? ???u ??? ? ????u, ??? ????a ? ???? ??????,
?????iy??? e ????ey ????e; ?u? ??c?????e ?????e ??? ?????y a ??i ? ???a
a ??o, ??e, ?nyoe; ??u ????e e ???? o?????th?y ?????a; ?????e ??a?? a
???a ????ey?ny ?y? ????i??? ???? ???i e ??????o ??a? a ???a ?ny? ???
?a?i ???u.
3.3.3 I????ey ?????ey ???? ??a
???aa ??i ????a – y? ??ay ?????, a ???e ? ?i???o ???? ???.
??????a ?????? ???? ??a ?????? ???a??? a????a ????????i ???y e ??????th
??? ????a.
I?????? ??y?e ?????ey ???? ??a ????a ???? a ???a 3.1.
O??? 3.1. I????ey ???e??y ???? ??a
A?u ?????eyI?y?e ?????eyI??????I???????e ?????aeI?????y 1 ?c a ???e
???i?? ???a ?e ?i ??????Ii ????aA??a ???? i?y? e ??yae – ???eC??? e
??yae -???e ??th?y ????i ?????i ?e ?????? ? ???oA????Ae?????y – ???o
AA?N???y?ny ? ??? ??e ?????i ???a. A???? ?????ath?y, n ?n??? AA? ?ae
????A???ii- ????ey ? ??c???i ????i ???N???y? ???? ? ??? ???? ??a- ??? ?y
??? ??????ny ??y?aC??iy?ny ?????A????I????ey ??? e ???ey AI e NAI?aey a
??ae, ????e ??uy?y? ?????o ??? AI ??yae-???o e ???? AI ?ae
????A????Ae???a AIA???e ???ey? AA e NA a ??A???iiE????y e ??????
???I????o ???? a ?????e ?? ?????A????
3.3.4. I???? ???? ??a.
Aeey ????? ??? ???? ??? ??ue ????a ????? e ????ue, ???a ????, ??, ?????
???ey??, ??e ?y ????e AI, ?ae n ??ay?? ???, ?th???? ?e ??? ???? (???o)
????i 8 ? e ??? 200 i ?y ????? ??ae a ???? AA ?ae ?????, ???e, ???e ?y
??e ???? ?e y??? -????e.
3.3.5. O??ey o?? ? ???i ??a
I?? ? ????o ???? ????y ????????? ?o? ? ??? ???o y?y?ny ??????a?? ???e
??a. O??ey ??a – y? ???u, ?????th?a ???? ????y?? ????i-??????a,
?????????? e y?????a ???y ??a.
N???a ????? ?????o ???e ??? ????? (e ???????i a ??yo) y?y?ny ??i ? ????
???e ?y ??a??y ???uey ???th?o e ? ????????? ??a. N???i A??i ???? ???e
????i?e ???y?? ???o ??????ue ? ?????e, ??? a ????o ??ayo n ????ey ???a
«A???????? ?????y ????a ????o ???????o ???y??? ? ???oth?o ??? a ??????o
??yo.
I?? ? ??o ????????o ???? ??? n ??th ? ??? ???o y?y?ny ????. I? ????i ??e
?e ????? ?? ??????i?o ????a, ?e ???o ????ny ????i? ??.
I???a ???i ???i ?????? a ???yo ????o ??? ?a?? ????th?y: ?????, ????? e
????e.
??ath?a ???? a ?????? ???o ???? ?atho ?c??? ????i-?????a ???ey?y, ??a,
?e ???????a?a ??? ??i e ?????, ????? ????a e ???e.
Ia ???o ??? ??? ??th??ny ????ay ????ue e ?c?a ???? ?????.
Iiy?? ?e ??????? ???o ?? ????????y: ????a ?????? ?y ??? ?????i ???a a
??? ???.
I?? ? ???o ???ey?e ? ????th ???e ??a y?y?ny ????a ?????? a ??? ?????.
Aeey ????y ????e e ??? ???????y ???th?e ??n????, ??th?e ??????a ?????e.
??????ay ????ay ??? ?????? ???? ??a 20 -30 eth?.
A? ????a ???a ?????th?y ????? ????? e ????e.
I?? ? ???? ??? y?????o ???e ?e ??? a ??a y?y?ny ???a e ??y?e ? ???i ??a.
I??? ??? ????e, ????? ???? ???, ???? ??????o e ????o ?????e, ??i e
???i??y, ????a ????, ????? ???e ?????e, ???a ????? ?????, ??i?o, ???
???, ?a y? ??i?ey?i ?????y ? ????a ?????? ??iy?y ?????.
I?????a ???o ?? ??? ?? ???? e ??? ??a??i-????????e ????. A??a ??a??? ???
? ????th ?????e e ?????ey ???o ?? – ????? e ????a ???o ???? ?????e ???o
?? e ? ????ey.
3.4 Oi?u e ???u ??? ??a ???o e ?? ?e ????a ??a.
I??a ??a ???? ????ey?ny ? ???i-?????e ???a. I? ?a??-i????? ???a ??a ???
????i ????? ??????y ??ey a ?????? n ???oth?i ????? i ??????.
???? ??? ???o ???eytho ?e ????? ??a:
– I???? – 75%
– E????e – 20%
– I???o III – 75%
– A???? ???i – 40%
– I??? ???e – 30%
– A?IC – 20%
– A???e – 10%
– I???o y????? – 75%
I??a ??a ??????e e ?????? ?????ny ? ?????i ???i. ???? ?????o ???a
???????y a ?????? n ????? ???a ? ??? ??a. E???ey ???a ???ey?ny a ?a????
? ???? ?ny?? ???a ??o ???y?? ????. O???, ??????e a ??? ???a, ????y e ?
????e ? ??? ??a.
I??e EO? ???eytho:
– I???? ???a 60%
– C?. ????? ???a 50%
– I??? 50%
– A??e ??? 35%
4 Y???? ??????
A y?i ???a ????iu ???u ? ????o ??a. ???o ??e?i ? ????e ???? ???????e ?n?
????? ???a.
???o ??a ??? ??a ???o ???? ? ????e ???u «???? ?a?? ??» ?e ???a ????e
????? o y??? ??? ? ?yo ? ???u «???? ????? e y???». ????e ???e ?y ???a
???????o ????? y?y?ny ??? ???no? ??o???i ?????ey (???a), ??y ????e ??a ?
???? ???o.
5. O??? ?????? ?e ????a ??a.
5.1. I???y?y ? ??? ??a ?e ?????? ???o a ??a.
I???e ???? ?????a ?e ???? ????e y?yth?y ?????a n ??a e ??? ??? ???.
A??? ??e ??????ey ????e e ???a y?y?ny ??? ??????i ???a ????y, ???e
?????y a ?????i ????. A ???? ????y ???ath?y ????? ???y ?y ??? ?????
????e. I????a ??? ? ????y ?? a ?????? ??yo ????yo a ???? ?-? ??????ey
????a ????y.
A ??iy?a ??y ? ???? ???ua ??? i??? ? ??a ???? ????u, ?i ???i ????a ???i
???ey e ????y ???????? ???e. I??i y? ???u ? ??? ???ath?y ?e ??? ???a
?????y ????e, ?i ???oth ???? e ??????i ?????yi. I???ie ?????? ?????i, ?i
?a ??y??y ?????? ????e n ???????e, ??? ?? ????? a ??ae? ???e e ???
??????. I? ????? ????e a ???o, ??oth?o ???iey, ? ????e ??iy?? ??e ???
i??iy?ny ????y ??ue. A?e ????? ????e ????? ????th ?????i ? ????? ??, ?
??iy?ay ??ue ? ????? ???a ??? ?? ????a ???oth e ??th.
I???? y?? ????ey «???» ??o ???? e ?????o ??ath.
Ao??a, ??y??a e ????a ?o?a a ?????? ??yo ??? ??????y a ?????? n ????i
?????? ??o, ?????? ? ??oth ????o. I? ??? ???e ??????e ???y?ny ?ae???ue
??????y ???a e ???o, ? ?io?ath?y ??? ?? e ?????? ??a?. C????? ??a ???o
???? ???? ??i. C????ny ????? ??u a n??? ?a ?????e ? ???y ?e ?n???y a ?o
AA. ??e ???????? a???? ???y ????ey a ?o eth?e ae??u ????? ??????ny ? ??
?????e ????e ?e ???y??a ???ai ??????y.
I? ??? ?????? ???? ??cy ????ny a ?? ???ey ??a, ???oue ? ? ???? ???,
???ue ? ??a ???e, a ??a ?????ue ?? i??u. I? ??? ????e (y?????) n ?????e
???e ?????y ????ny ??o ??. Y? ???, ?e ?e ????? ??? o ?????e ??? ?????y
??? ??o ????? (y?????) e ???e ? 15?. I? ??? ??? ????? e???e ??cy ?????y
e ????ny e ??ath??y ??yi, ????y ? ????? ???a ?e a ?? ???ey ?????i ??a,
???? a ??e ?e ? ??th??? ???a.
I?o ???e, ?i ???? ???th?o ????e ??????i ???? ??? ?a?i a ?? ????a ?y?? n
????ueth ??????y ???o ??th?? ???e ???, ?????i y???? ???, ???th??ny ?e
???? ???o, a ??a ???? ???o n ??e. N????? ??? ????c? ? y???? ????????
i???? ?????, ?i ????? ??i ??i ????ny ? ?????? ???th?o ???e e ????? ??i,
???a ??? e ?e ?????? ? ???th?i, ??aeyu?ny a ????.
Ia ???? ???th?o ??? ???ey?ny ??? ?????e ??o, ?eth?th?e ???? ????y e
?????? ??o.
C????ny ???? ???th?o ? ??????o ????? ??????? ???ey ??n?a ???a ???a.
5.2. I???y?y ? ??? ??a ?e ????a ???e, ????, ???a e ???? ?? a ??a.
??o a ???? ??yo ???tho ??a???i ????, ????y ????? ??y? AA. I??? ??
????ey?ny ????e ?a???e. Y?o ??? ?????? ???th ?i???????ue ??a, ???
???????a, ?e? ?????.
Aeey ?????e ?????? ?e ???e ???i ???i IE?-100I ??? ?o?????ny a ???e
????a, ??u ??oa ?? ??????y ????e ??? ???e ? ??a 0,5i. E??n ??? ???ay
a????a e ??? ??????a ??e ??? ?? ???i ?c???. I? ???a ??? ?????y ????ue e
???ue ????u, a ??a ????iy? ????th ??? ? ??? ????e ???ey ??a ??a. I??y
????ny o ??? a ia ?????e ???, ?e ?e ?a ??o ????ny ? ???? ?e ?e ??ao. I?
???e ?????? ???yu? ???i ?????y ?iy? ?ae ??? ??a. A ????? ??a ??? ???
??????y ??y ????.
A??e ??e ????y ?????? ?e ???a ?? ? ??e y?y?ny ????ea ???u ???a e ????e
?? a ???.
Aeey ??????ey ?????a ?e ???a ?? ? ??e, ?a ???oth?a ??e ??? ?? ????u ??e,
a ????oth?a ????u ?????e.
C????ny ?????ue ??e a ??? ????e ??????y, a ??a ???? ??????. Aeey ???a ??
?e ???o ???a ??? ?????ny ?????? ?i?e, ?iy ??o ??e e ???a ??? ? ????e.
C???? ?? ??? ???e???ny ? ?????i ??a ????? ??y?a AA ????? a ??o ? ??? i?
??? ????oth?? ??a.
I?? ? ???o ??? ????? ???a n oy??? ?????y? ?e ????? ???? ?? y?y?ny ??
????? e??? n ??a ????e e ? ?????i?. Aeey ????? y?e ???u ????ay ???a ???
???????y ??ai ? ?e ????e ?e, ??u n ??e ? ???u ????? ???u, ? ???u ??i –
???e ? ??a 0,7i ?y ?????ey ???e, a n ??? ? ??a 0,6 i aeey ???y ????o
??o. I???a ???? ??? ????y ???e y?y?ny ???? ?eou, ?????a a ?????a ??u,
????? ???i. Aeey ??????ey ?????a ?e ????? ???? ?? ????? ??th?? ??
??????.
Ia ?????y ??eth??a y???y??? ?e ??????e ????? ???e e ?n??e ?????u. Ai ??y
??? ???e ???a ? ??? ????ny ? ??i??e ???a ?e a ?? ???ey ?????? ??a.
5.3. I?u ??? n ??th e ??? a ??a.
A ?????? n ????e ?????? ? ?? ????o ?????, ?a ??o ????y ethaee ?????
????a ??? ?? ? ??a 20%; ????? ?????i ?? ? ??? ????ue a ???oth?o ????o
????? – 0,5%, a ?????e ?o?y?e ??a ?? 0,75; ?e ??????? e ????? ????e ?
??? – 1%.
????ay ?? ????ny ?e ???? ???o ???? 30%; ?e ???? ???o 60%; ????o, ???? e
??? ???? 10%.
????ay ?? ???y ? 3 ???:
– ???y ??
– ???y ??
– ????ay ??.
I??a ???u ?? ????? ??y ??aey?y ? ????i??, a ???a n ???? ???e ???? ???.
I?u ??? ? ????e ??.
1. A??i? ??????a ????e
2. A??ea n ????e ??e, a ?? ??? ?oue ???a ?e ???a ???e.
3. A??ea n ??i ????????i.
4. A??e?ay ???a ??? ??ae ??y??
5. I??u???a ???? ??o:
a) ????? e ???a ?aey?a ???e;
a) ???? ????? ???;
a) ????????a a ??a;
6. I????a ???????? ?e ???e ???.
7. I????a ??????? ???a ???.
5.4. I?? ????y ??a ????? ??? a a??.
Ia e??e ???oth?e e ??y??y ??a ??? ???ey?ny «I?i ????? ???» (I.E.A.)
N???y?ny I.E.A. ?c ????a, ???i ????i ??u, ???????y n ????ii AAN* e
?????ny ???i ????? ????a ? 15 ?? ? ??? ????y.
I?i ????? ??? ???? ???u I????ay ??ue:
– ??????? ?y????e ??o ??e??e ?????? ???, ???oth?? a ?e???e ???.
N??e ?????o ?oe e ?????, e??? ??ae??i ???th?y ? ???.
I??i ????? ??? ????????y ?? ? ???eth eth?e ?????o ???e a ??a, ????ey
???, ???ey EO? e ???o a ????e ????? e ae???y AAN*.
5.5. I???y?y ? ??? ???th?e ??u.
E???a ????? ??????e ???? ????? ???atho ????a ?ey?a ia ??iy?a ???th?e
??u. Iiy?? y?????? e ??????a ????o ???? n ??th ????y ????? ??? ? ?e???i
???a ???e ??? ????ey?ny a ????o ? ??? ?????? ????, ? e ???o ????e.
Aeey ???ey ??????? ?????y ia ???th?th ??o ???e ???? ????ii ??y?:
– ????? ?? ?????i ??e, n ?????ath?? ????e ?e ???e, ????o ????, ???????a;
– ????? AI n ???i ?????i ???? ?y ????ey a ??????i ???a a ????o y???o
????;
– ????? ???u ????? n ????e ?y ????ey ?????e ? ???i?;
– ???y? ?????a ?i????i n ??th ?????e e ??????y ??? ??ae n ???a;
– ???th ?? ? ???ue a ?????? ??, ???ue ?????;
– ????ey? ???o ? ????? e ?????ue ??????th ??e.
NIENIE EEOA?AOO?U
1. A??ia I.E. «????o? ??? e ? ??? ???????. I??, 1985.
2. E??o? A.?. «I???u ????o ??? ??o i? ????? ??????y». I??, 1984.
3. «N????e ? ?????? ?????eth ????o ???. O??? 1984.
4. «A??a ???a OA ?e ???e ???? ???». I???a, 1992.
5. A??e?? A.I., N??? E.C. «I??a ??a e o??? ?????? ? ?????? ???. E?a
«O???», 1980.
6. A??a ???u 1995-2005.
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