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British theatres
Until reccently the history of the english theatre has been build
around actors rather then companies. It has been hard to find any
London theatre that even had a consistent policy. There are no
permanent staff in British theatres. Apply is rehearsed for a few
weeks by a company of actors working together mostly
for the first time and it is allowed to run as long as it draws the
odious and pays it’s way. Another peculiarity of the theatres in Great
Britain is an follows: there are two kinds of seats, which can be
booked an advanced (bookable), and unbookable once have no numbers and
the spectators occupy them on the principal: first come – first
served. And ancient times plays were acted inside churches and
later on the market places. The first theatre in England “The
Blackfries” build in 1576, and “The Globe” build in 1599, which is
closely connected with William Shakespeare. Speaking about our times
we should first of all mention “The English National theatre”,”The Royal
Shakespeare company” and “Covent Garden”.
“Covent Garden” used to be a fashionable promenade – it was, before
then, a convent garden – but when it became overrun with
flower-sellers, orange-vendors and vegetable-growers, the people moved
to more exclusive surroundings farther west, such as “St. Jame’s
Square”.
The first “Covent Garden theatre” was build in 1732. It was burnt
down in 1808 and rebuild exactly a year after. It opened in September
1809, with Shakespeare’s “Macbeth”. Since the middle of the last
century “Covent Garden” became exclusively devoted to opera.
Now “Covent Garden” in busier than ever, it is one of the few
well-known opera houses open for 11 months of the year and it employs
over 600 people both of the Opera company and the Royal Ballet.
THE NATIONAL THEATRE
It took over the hundred years to establish a national
theatre company. It’s first director from 1962 was Lawrence
Olivier. This is the first state theatre Britain has ever had. A
special building for it was opened in 1976. It has three theatres
in one: “The Oliver theatre”, the biggest is for the main
classical repertoire; “The Lyttilton”, a bit smaller is for new
writing and for visiting foreigh countries and “The Cottesloe
theatre”, the smallest is used for experimental writing and
productions. “The Royal Shakespeare company” are devided between the
country and the capital and it’s produces plays mainly by
Shakespeare and his contempraries when it performs is “Stratford
-on-Avon”, and modern plays in it’s two auditoria in the Cities,
Barbican centre.
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