2
Ieeiea?anueeee aea?aeaaiee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee ?inoeooo
OAeE 338.43:631.671
IAO?IAA Ieueaa Ieaenaiae??aia
Aaeineiiaeaiiss i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?*iiai
iaoai*cio aiaeicaaacia*aiiss n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii? c?ioaiiss
(ia i?eeeaae? Oa?niinueei? iaeano?).
08.07.02. – Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? AIE
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Ieeiea?a – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oa?niinueeiio aea?aeaaiiio aa?a?iiio oi?aa?neoao?.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee -aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani? Ia?ioeue Ea?ena Ieaenaiae??aia,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e iae?eo oa aoaeeoo
Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.
Io?oe?ei? iiiaioe:
Aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Ea?aiai Ieoaeei Ieiiae/, caa?aeoaa/
eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Ieeiea?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ?inoeoooo.
Aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? I?aeaa? Aeaaeae Eania?iae/,
caa?aeoth/ee a?aeae?eii I?iaeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: ?aaea ii aea/aiith i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie
IAI Oe?a?ie.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 10 a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 38.806.01 o Ieeiea?anueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ?inoeooo? ca aae?anith: 327021,
i. Ieeiea?a, aoe. Ia?ecueei? Eiioie, 9.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? Ieeiea?anueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ?inoeoooo.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee ” 3 ” eenoiiaaea 1998 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
Ioaie/aiei A.N.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo AIE aiaei? ?ano?ne ?
iaeiei c iaeaaaeeea?oeo oaeoi??a, ye? aieeaathoue ia aoaeoeai?noue
ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa aaeocae ia?a?iaee eiai
i?iaeoeoe??. Iaea?eueo aeooaeueiei oea oaa?aeaeaiiy ? aeey i?aaeaiieo
iaeanoae Oe?a?ie, cie?aia Oa?niinueei?. ?ioaineaiee ?icaeoie
i?iaeoeoeaieo nee, iaaeineiiae?noue i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai e
aeieia?/iiai iaoai?ci?a oi?aae?iiy oa ?aaoethaaiiy aiaeiei?enooaaiiyi
i?ecaaee aei ??ceiai aeniaaeaiiy aiaeii-?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo e?a?ie oa
?? ?aa?ii?a.
?c caaaeueiiai ianyao aiaeiei?enooaaiiy aoaeoeaii niiaeeaa?oueny,
ca?aeii aeiiii?/ieo ioe?iie, eeoa 60-70% caa?aieo c i?e?iaeieo aeaea?ae
i??nieo aiae. ?aooa i??nii? aiaee ao?a/a?oueny /a?ac iaaeineiiae?noue
nenoaie aiaeiniiaeeaaiiy ? o?ainii?ooaaiiy, iaaeie?ee a nenoai?
aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio, i?aai?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy aiaeicaaacia/aiiyi.
Cia/i? aeiiii?/i? caeoee aeeeeea? neeaaeia aeieia?/ia neooaoe?y o
aiaeicaaacia/aii? n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio.
Aeiei??iii? ia?aaoaeiae aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai caaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa aeiaaa? ?eieiaa i???ioaoe?y aeiiii?ee. Oea noino?oueny
caaacia/aiiy ye?niith ieoiith aiaeith ianaeaieo ioieo?a, aiaeiiinoa/aiiy
ae?iaie/eo oa nioe?aeueii-iiaooiaeo ia’?eo?a, caa?aaeaiiy iiaa?oiaaeo oa
i?aecaiieo aiaeieo aeaea?ae, a?aeiiaeaiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a. I?iaeaia
i?aai?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy aiaeiei?enooaaiiyi o ia?ao?aeiee ia??iae
noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo iniia ainiiaea?thaaiiy oneeaaeith?oueny
iaaecia/ai?noth ??cieo oi?i aeaniino? oa i?aai?caoe?? ae?iaieoeoaa,
iaaeineiiae?noth iiaeaoeiai? nenoaie oa iaoai?cio ieao ca
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy ? caa?oaeiaiiy aiaeiei, iai?eaaaeea?noth
aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno aeey aeoeaiiai oa cia/iiai ?iaanooaaiiy.
Oea iio?aao? aeiaeaoeiaeo caoiae?a iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai,
i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaiai oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiai oa?aeoa?o uiaei
?aaeaiaioaoe??, ?aaoethaaiiy oa oi?aae?iiy aca?iia?aeiineiaie ??cieo
noa’?eo?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy o i?ioean? aiaeiei?enooaaiiy a aa?a?iiio
naeoi?? aeiiii?ee.
I?i oai?aoe/io oa i?aeoe/io cia/ou?noue aeacaieo i?iaeai, iaiao?aei?noue
?o ae??oaiiy na?ae/aoue iaoeia? ?ic?iaee aeaeaoieo oe?a?inueeeo
aeiiii?no?a – A.I. O?aaia/oea, I.A. Oaaneea, ?.A. ?aaiooa, A.E. Oaa/oea,
?.?. Eoe?iiaa, I.I. Iieuaiea, N.?. Aei?iaoioeiaa, I.O. Naaeoea, A.ss.
Ianaeue-Aanaeyea. No/ani? aeiiii?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, ye? i?noyoue
eiiieaeniee aiae?c oa aeiiii?/io ioe?ieo aieeao aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy ia aoaeoeai?noue n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
Oa?niinueei? iaeano? i?aeoe/ii a?aenooi?. I?ae oei, naia aa?a?ia
ae?iaieoeoai Oa?niiueie cia/iith i??ith caaaey/o? ?ioaineaiei ?icaeoeii
aiaeiei ?ano?nai. Ia iaeanoue i?eiaaea? 7.4% caaaeueii-aea?aeaaiiai
ianyao caai?o aiaee o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio aiaeiiinoa/aii? oa
23.9% – o c?ioaii?. Ca caianaie ae i?noeaaeo iiaa?oiaaeo aiae ?aa?ii
caeia? iaeia c inoaii?o i?noeue a Oe?a?i?.
Iacaia?a/ia aeooaeuei?noue, i?aeoe/ia cia/ei?noue oa iaiao?aei?noue
ae??oaiiy ie?aneaiiai eiea i?iaeai coiiaeee aea?? oaie aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe, i?aaeiaoo oa ia’?eoo aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeine?aeaeaiiy,
i?iaaaeai? aaoi?ii, aaciina?aaeiuei iia’ycai? c oaiaoeeith
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?iaio Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo, cie?aia c aea?aeathaeaeaoiith oaiith 201 “?ic?iaea
aeieia?/ieo iiaeaeae ia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o ae?iaieoeoai oaoiieia??
ae?iuoaaiiy ian?iiy ie?eieo eoeueoo? ia c?iooaaieo caieyo i?aaeiy
Oe?a?ie” oa ainiaeiaia??ieie oaiaie ii ?ic?iaoe? aeieiai-aeiiii?/ieo
oaoiieia?e iaea?aeaiiy aenieeo a?iaea?a a oiiaao c?ioaiiy i?aaeiy
Oe?a?ie.
Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy ?iaioe. Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ?
?ic?iaea oa iaa?oiooaaiiy iai?yi?a aaeineiiaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a oiiaao ?eieiaiai
?aoi?ioaaiiy c iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy eiai aoaeoeaiino?. ?aae?caoe?y
iinoaaeaii? iaoe aeiaaaea iine?aeiaiiai ae??oaiiy ianooiieo caaaeaiue:
– iaa?oiooaaiiy aeiiii?/ii? nooiino?, neeaaeo, no?oeoo?e oa iniaeeainoae
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a oiiaao ?aoi?ioaaiiy;
– ?ic?iaee eiioeaioe?? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
?aa?iio c iiceoe?e aaaaoiaei??iiai e?eoa??th aeiiii?/ii?, nioe?aeueii?
oa aeieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?; aecia/aiiy iaoiaee/ieo canaae
aeine?aeaeaiiy;
– aeiiii?/iiai aiae?co oa ioe?iee aiaei?ano?niiai caaacia/aiiy oa
aoaeoeaiino? aiaeiei?enooaaiiy a aa?a?i?e noa?? ainiiaea?nueeiai
eiiieaeno Oa?niinueei? iaeano?;
– aecia/aiiy aieeao i?ioean?a ?aoi?ioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ia
aea?aeaaia ?aaoethaaiiy oa ?aa?iiaeueia oi?aae?iiy aiaeicaaacia/aiiy ?
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy;
– iaa?oiooaaiiy oeyo?a aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
Oa?niinueei? iaeano?;
– oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a, i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeeo
aieea?a, no?oeoo?ieo c?ooaiue o ?aa?iiaeueiiio ?aaoethaaii?
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai aiaeiei?enooaaiiy.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Aei iaea?eueo nooo?aeo, iiaeo
?acoeueoao?a, ye? iaea?aeai? a aeena?oaoe??, a?aeiinyoueny:
– ?icaeoie oa iiaeeaeaiiy oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo canaae noai?aiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa a cii? c?ioaiiy c o?aooaaiiyi aiaei?ano?niiai oaeoi?o;
– eiioeaioe?y aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
?aa?iio c iiceoe?e aaaaoiaei??iiai e?eoa??th aeiiii?/ii?, nioe?aeueii?
oa aeieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?;
– aecia/aiiy oaiaeaioe?e aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa aiaeiei?enooaaiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa c o?aooaaiiyi aieeao i?ioean?a eiai
?aoi?ioaaiiy, ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? aeaniino?, no?oeoo?ieo c?ooaiue o
niaoe?ae?caoe??;
– iaa?oiooaaiiy oeyo?a aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?niinueei?
iaeano? ia iniia? aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy;
– oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a, i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeeo
aieea?a o ?aa?iiaeueiiio ?aaoethaaii? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? o ?ic?iaoe?
noeoiiino? oeyo?a, i?iiiceoe?e oa caoiae?a ii oaeineiiaeaiith
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii? ?ioaineaiiai c?ioaiiy. Oe? i?iiiceoe??
aeeth/athoue aei naaa iia? ae??a? iaoa??aeuei? oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i?
noeioee ? caioi/aiiy, aeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy ?eieiaeo aaaeae?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. ?acoeueoaoe, iniiai? iieiaeaiiy, ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? e
aeniiaee aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ia?aaeai? aea?aeaai?e aaei?i?no?aoe??
Oa?niinueei? iaeano?, oi?aae?iith AIE, oi?aae?iith iae?i?aoe?? ?
aiaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa aeey aeei?enoaiiy ia ??cieo ??aiyo i?aai?caoe?? ?
oi?aae?iiy aiaeicaaacia/aiiyi oa aiaeiei?enooaaiiyi o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa?. Aiie canoiniaai? i?e oi?ioaaii? ?aa?iiaeueii? i?ia?aie
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? c iaoith caaacia/aiiy
eiai aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? ciaeoee a?aeia?aaeaiiy o
iaa/aeueii-iaoiaee/iiio i?ioean? Oa?niinueeiai aea?aeaaiiai aa?a?iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo i?e aeeeaaeaii? aeenoeeie?i: “Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa”, “Aeiiii?ea i?e?iaeiei?enooaaiiy”, “Aeiiii?ea aiaeiiai
ainiiaea?noaa”, “O?iaine AIE”.
Aeaeea?aoe?y iniaenoiai aianeo caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaioii oai?aoe/ii
iaa?oioiaai? nooi?noue oa iniaeeaino? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio
a cii? c?ioaiiy a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy. Aaoi?ii naiino?eii
cae?eniai? aeiiii?/ia ioe?iea aiaei?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo, eiiieaeniee
aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? iai?yi?a aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa? ?aa?iio ca aaaaoiaei??iei e?eoa???i aoaeoeaiino?.
Iaa?oioiaaii iniiai? caoiaee uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aiaeiei?enooaaiiy a oiiaao
?eieiaeo ?aoi?i o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?.
Iniiai? iaoeia? iieiaeaiiy, ye? aeiinyoueny ia caoeno, ?ic?iaeai?
aaoi?ii aeena?oaoe?? naiino?eii. Iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy,
io?eiai? aaoi?ii, ? eiai iniaenoei aianeii a aeiiii?eo n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa. O ni?eueieo i?aoeyo aaoi?o iniaenoi iaeaaeeoue 70%.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiiia?aeaeeny ? iaaiai?thaaeeny ia
?aa?iiaeueieo, iaoe?iiaeueieo oa i?aeia?iaeieo iaoeiaeo ?
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo, nai?ia?ao ? ia?aaeao: ?aa?iiaeuei?e
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “A?ae?iiae?i?aoe?y, aiaeiainiiaea?nueeee
eiiieaen oa aeieia?y I?aaeaiiiai ?aa?iio Oe?a?ie” [Oa?nii, 1998];
?anioae?eainuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeieiai-aeiiii?/i?
i?iaeaie aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno I?e/i?iiii?nueeiai ?aa?iio ?
iai?yie i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? eiai ?icaeoeo” [Oa?nii, 1997];
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aaca?aeoiaeia oaoiieia?y,
eiiieaenia aeei?enoaiiy ne?iaeie – oeyoe i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
ae?iaieoeoaa a oiiaao ?eieo” [Iae?oiiieue, 1996]; ui??/ieo iaoeiaeo
eiioa?aioe?yo i?ioani?nueei-aeeeaaeaoeueeiai neeaaeo Oa?niinueeiai
aa?a?iiai oi?aa?neoaoo [1994-1998 ??.].
Ioae?eaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iioae?eiaai?
o 8 iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo caaaeueiei ianyaii 3.7 ae?oe. a?e., o o./.
1 a?ioth?? ianyaii 2.5 ae?oe. a?e., yea iaeaaeeoue iniaenoi aaoi?o.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c
anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae oa
aeiaeaoe?a. Iiaiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? iae?/o? 212 noi?. eiii’thoa?iiai
oaenoo, 23 oaaeeoe? oa 3 a?ao?ee ? noaie. Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae
iae?/o? 134 iaeiaioaaiiy. No?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe?? ianooiia:
Anooi.
?icae?e 1. Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii?
c?ioaiiy a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy. 1.1. Aeiiii?/ia nooi?noue,
iniaeeaino? oa cia/aiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a a i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiio
iaoai?ci? ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa a cii? c?ioaiiy.
1.2. Eiioeaioe?y i?aeaeuaiiy aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii-aeieia?/ii?
aoaeoeaiino? aeei?enoaiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?.
1.3. Iaoiaee/i? iniiae i?aaiecaoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai
aeei?enoaiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a o n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ae?iaieoeoa?.
1.4. Aeniiaee aei ?icae?eo 1.
?icae?e 2. Aeiiii?/iee aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?. 2.1. Aeiiii?/ia ioe?iea
?ano?n?a aiaeicaaacia/aiiy. 2.2. Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue c?iooaaiiai
caiea?ianoaa oa n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy. 2.3.
Nioe?aeueia oa aeieia?/ia aoaeoeai?noue aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa. 2.4. Aeniiaee aei ?icae?eo 2.
?icae?e 3. Oeyoe aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?niinueei?
iaeano?. 3.1. Aaeineiiaeaiiy nenoaie oi?aae?iiy oa ?aaoethaaiiy
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?. 3.2. Aeiiii?/i? aaaeae?
aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa. 3.3.
I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? caoiaee caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ia iniia? ?aoe?-iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy
aiaeieo ?ano?n?a. 3.4. Aeniiaee aei ?icae?eo 3.
Aeniiaee.
Nienie aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae.
Aeiaeaoee.
INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EIIAI AeINE?AeAEAIIss
O “Anooi?” iaa?oioiao?oueny aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy,
aiae?co?oueny nooi?iue ?? aea/aiiy, oi?ioeth?oueny iaoa ? aecia/athoueny
iniiai? caaaeaiiy ?iaioe, ?ice?eaa?oueny iaoeiaa iiaecia ?
iaa?oioiao?oueny oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ia oa i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue
io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa a cii? c?ioaiiy a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy“
iaa?oioiaai? aeiiii?/ia nooi?noue, iniaeeaino? oa cia/aiiy aiaeieo
?ano?n?a a aoaeoeaiiio ooieoe?iioaaii? n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai
ae?iaieoeoaa oa aa?iii?eiiio nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iiio ?icaeoeo
n?euenueei? i?noeaaino? a cii? ?ioaineaiiai c?ioaiiy.
Ii?yae c caiaeueieie, ae??oaeueia cia/aiiy a aoaeoeaiiio ooieoe?iioaaii?
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa a oiiaao c?ioaiiy, iathoue aiaei? ?ano?ne. O
c?iooaaiiio caiea?ianoa? iniaeeai? aaae iaaoaa? i?iaeaia aeaniino?
iniiaieo oiiae?a ?ano?niiai caaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa,
aiaei?ieino? ae?iaieoeoaa, ieaoe ca aiaeiei?enooaaiiy, o?iainoaaiiy
aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno, aca?iiae?? ??cieo ca oi?iaie oa
aeani?noth n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo i?aei?e?inoa o i?ioean?
aeei?enoaiiy c?iooaaieo caiaeue, i?aai?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy neeaaeiei
aiaei?ano?niei eiiieaenii n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Aeei?enoaiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a o cia/ieo ianyaao iia’ycaia ?c ci?iaie o
nenoai? ca’yce?a “ainiiaea?noai-aeiae?eey”, ia?aoiaeii a?ae
ieaiiai-aaei?i?no?aoeaii? aeiiii?/ii? nenoaie aei ?eieiai?. Ii?yae c
iiceoeaieie, aiaeiei?enooaaiiy iia’ycaia c iaaaoeaieie iane?aeeaie. ?o
i?i?i?caoe?y iiaeeeaa a oiio aeiaaeeo, eiee ?icaeyaeaoe an? aeaea?aea,
iai?yie aiaeiei?enooaaiiy ye ?aeeiee eiiieaen, an? neeaaeieee yeiai
o?nii aca?iica’ycai? oa aca?iicaeaaei?. Oiio i?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy
aiaeieie ?ano?naie n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa o oi?i?
aiaei-ainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno (AAE) aeicaiey? ?icaeaaoe eiai
iaea?eueo aoaeoeaii. A?i oyaey?oueny ye noeoii?noue i?aei?e?inoa oa
aeae?a ae?yeueiino?, aeiiii?/ii aca?iiiia’ycaieo i?ae niaith ooieoe?yie
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aeei?enoaiiy, ioi?iie oa a?aeoai?aiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a
ia iaai?e oa?eoi??? o i?ioean? aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa.
AAE n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ? n?euenueei? i?noeaaino?
no?oeoo-?eco?oueny ia aeaea?aea aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa iai?yie
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy (c?iooaaia caiea?ianoai, aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o
oaa?eiieoeoa? oa ia?a?iai?e i?iieneiaino? i?e n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo
i?aei?e?inoaao; aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeeo ianaeaieo ioieo?a,
n?euenueei? ?ae?aaoe??; aeieia?/ieo a?aeoai?thaaeueieo ooieoe?e
aeinenoai o caaaeueiiio ?icaeoeo aeiae?eey). Oea aeaco? ia oe?ie?
aeiiii?/i?, nioe?aeuei? ? aeieia?/i? ooieoe?? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa, a oaeiae ae??oo? i?iaeaio iaaei?aaaeaiiai
iaiaaeaiiy ?icoi?iiy AAE i?aeoe/ii c?iooaaiei caiea?ianoaii.
AAE n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa aaei?i?no?aoeaii? iaeano?
iaa?oioiao?oueny iaie ye iniiaia oa?eoi??aeueii-?ano?nii-ae?iaie/a oa
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ia ooai?aiiy. Ooieoe?iiaeuei? iniaeeaino? oa
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci aecia/athoueny ??aiai oa
iniaeeainoyie aiaei?ano?niiai caaacia/aiiy ?aa?iio,
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/iei ?icaeoeii oa niaoe?ae?caoe??th eiai
ainiiaea?nueeiai, aa?ii?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno, nenoaiith ?icnaeaiiy,
niaoeeo?eith no?oeoo?e i?e?iaeii-?ano?niiai iioaioe?aeo oa?eoi???.
Aeiiii?/i? neeaaeieee i?aai?caoe?? oa oi?aae?iiy aiaei-ei?enooaaiiyi
yaeythoue niaith aaaeae? ?aae?caoe?? caoiae?a ii aiaeiiae?eo,
neeaaeaiith aiaeiiai eaaeano?o; aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai aaeaino;
iiaeaethaaiith ??oaiue o aeiaaeeo iaaecae/aeieo neooaoe?e; iii?oi?eiao
aiae; oaeiae ieoaiiy oa iaoai?ci ieaoe ca aeei?enoai? aiaei? ?ano?ne; ca
neeaee caa?oaeiaieo aiae; oo?aoe oa ?ioe naieoe?? ca ii?ooaiiy aiaeiiai
caeiiiaeaanoaa; iaa?oiooaaiiy a iio?aaao o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a aeey
?aoe?iiaeueiiai aiaeiei?enooaaiiy.
Iniiaieie iieacieeaie aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa aiaeiei?enooaaiiy ? ia?aiao?e
aaciina?aaeiuei? e?euee?nii? ioe?iee aiaeieo ?ano?n?a; aeiiii?/i?,
oaoi?ei-ae?iaie/?, nioe?aeuei? oa aeieia?/i? oa?aeoa?en-oeee.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Aeiiii?/iee aiae?c aoaeoeaiino? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?niinueei? iaeano?” cae?eniaia aeiiii?/ia
ioe?iea ?ano?n?a aiaeicaaacia/aiiy, aecia/aia aeiiii?/ia, nioe?aeueia oa
aeieia?/ia aoaeoeai?noue c?ioaiiy ? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa a oe?eiio.
Aiaei?ano?niee iioaioe?ae (A?I) oa?eoi??? Oa?niinueei? iaeano? aeineoue
nai???aeiee, ??ciiiai?oiee ? iaeii/anii – aeineoue niaoeeo?/iee. Aaeeea
ieoiia aaaa ooo/ieo aeaea?ae o no?oeoo?? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy (eaiae?a,
aiaeinoiaeu, noaa?a, ae?aiaaeo), ?o oe?eueiaa i?ecia/aiiy coiiaeththoue
iniaeeaino? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa i?eioeeie aiaeiei?enooaaiiy. Ooo/io
??/eiao ia?aaeo o Oa?niinuee?e iaeano? noai?ththoue iaa?no?aeuei? oa
aiaei?iciiae?euei? eaiaee o neeaae? iaea?eueoeo c?iooaaeueieo nenoai
Oe?a?ie – Eaoianueei?, I?ai?/ii – ?iaa/eoeueei?, E?aniiciaiainueei?,
N??iaicueei?, /anoeie ?iaoeaoeueei?.
Aei iniaeeainoae aiaeieo ?ano?n?a iaeaaeeoue oaeiae nooo?aee aeao?oeeo
(0.062 e / nae ia 1ei2), caeaaei?noue a?ae o?aiceoiiai noieo (99.2% a
ianyc? noia?iiai noieo). O no?oeoo?? aeaea?ae aiaeiei?enooaaiiy
ia?aaaaeathoue iiaa?oiaa? aiaee (89.3%) c iaeyaeo ia aeiiii?/i? aeaiaee
aenieoaoaoe??. Aaaeeeaith i?iaeaiith ?ano?n?a aiaee ? cia/ia naciii?noue
caaacia/aiino? ieie, a oaeiae eieeaaiiy o iaei – oa aaaaoiaiaei? ?iee.
Aiie?ooaea inoaii?o aeinyaa? 39.8%.
Naia ia ia??iaee ciaioaiiy o?aiceoiiai noieo i?eoiaeyoueny ianyae
iaea?eueoiai caai?o aiaeo o o?aai? oa aa?ani?. Oea iia’ycaii c
iaiao?aei?noth iieeao caiaeue o ia??iaee aeoeaii? aaaaoaoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo?. Ca ia??iae c o?aaiy ii aa?anaiue
ianya aiaeicaai?o aei??aith? 82.9% caaaeueii??/iiai. Caaaeueiee ianya
caai?o aiaee o 1996?. neeaaeaa 1059946 oen. i3, ui o aeaa ?ace iaioa,
i?ae o 1992 ?. I?e oeueiio aeo?aoe aiaee aeinyaee 17.7% aiaeiiiaea/? o
ii??aiyii? c 10.8% o 1992 ?. Oea na?ae/eoue i?i cieaeaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
aeei?enoaiiy ?ano?n?a c?ioaiiy ?, ye iane?aeie, ooieoe?iioaaiiy
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa iaeano? a oe?eiio.
Aeania n?euenueea ainiiaea?noai ? iaea?eueoei aiaeiei?enooaa/ai ia
a?aei?io a?ae ?ioeo ?aeii?a e?a?ie. ?io? aaeoc? eiieo?aioe?? eiio
i?aeoe/ii ia noai?ththoue.
Aeiiii?/ia ioe?iea aiaeieo ?ano?n?a Oa?niinueei? iaeano? aeicaieeea
aeyaeoe ?aca?ae oa aocuee? i?noey caaacia/aiiy ieie n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa c iaoith i?aeaeuaiiy eiai aoaeoeaiino?. Aa?o?nia ioe?iea
iioaioe?aeo aiaeieo ?ano?n?a o 1996 ?. noaiiaeea 1003 iei. a?i. aai
22.7% aa?oino? an?o i?e?iaeieo ?ano?n?a iaeano? (oaae.1). Cia/iith
aeyaeeany aa?o?noue iioaioe?aeo aiaeieo ?ano?n?a a ?ic?aooieo ia aeooo
ianaeaiiy – 8850 a?i. Ii a?aeiioaiith aei iniiaiiai caniao ae?iaieoeoaa
o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa?, – caiaeueieo ?ano?n?a, – aa?o?noue aiaee ?
iaea?eueoith a Oe?a?i? ? aeinyaa? 33.9%, a a ?aeiiao ?ioaineaiiai
c?ioaiiy – iaa?oue 50.6-65.6%. Oea na?ae/eoue i?i cia/i? ?aca?ae
aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa, a oaeiae i?i
iaiao?aei?noue a?aeiia?aeiiai oiiaeicaaacia/aiiy aiaeiei?enooaaiiy.
I?ioa a inoaii? ?iee eai?oaeuei? aeeaaeaiiy o aiaeio iae?i?aoe?th aoee
Oaaeeoey 1
Aeiiii?/ia ioe?iea iioaioe?aeo aiaeieo ?ano?n?a Oa?niinueei? iaeano?,
1996 ?.
Aaei?i?no?aoeai? ?aeiieIioai-oe?ae aiaeieo ?ano?n?a, iei. a?i.
A?aeii-oaiiy aa?oino? aiaeieo ?ano?n?a aei caiaeueieo, %Ieoiia aaaa
iioaioe?aeo aiaeieo ?ano?n?a o noia?i. I?I, %Iioaioe?ae aiaeieo ?ano?n?a
ia aeooo ianaeaiiy, a?i.Iioaioe?ae aiaeieo ?ano?n?a
ia 1 aa,
a?i. A?eica?nueeee95.933.122.11419.0654.0Aa?eneaanueeee40.514.111.5675.0
240.0A.Ieaenaiae??anueeee8.34.44.0243.048.0A.Eaieoenueeee13.211.49.8600.
0120.0A.?iaa/eoeueeee8.28.37.4453.0132.0Aenieii?euenueeee0.30.30.315.03.
0Aai?/anueeee68.335.221.4987.0228.0Aieii?enoainueeee79.035.621.91263.021
9.0Ai?iinoa?anueeee7.76.86.2369.069.0?aai?anueeee43.629.922.62202.0396.0
Eaeai/aoeueeee43.443.024.01614.0483.0Eaoianueeee139.054.033.61641.0927.0
I.N??iaicueeee3.02.12.0138.024.0I.Ai?iioeianueeee21.818.013.7843.0249.0I
iaio?i?oeueeee146.456.832.73156.0696.0Neaaeianueeee121.465.633.82652.081
0.0Oeth?oieinueeee45.228.619.0660.0252.0*aieeinueeee118.650.632.02817.06
99.0Anueiai ii iaeano?1003.033.922.7885.0378.0
aeoaea iacia/i?. O 1997 ?. aaaaeaiiy a ae?th oiiae?a ae?iaie/iai
i?ecia/aiiy aeinyaaei 793 oen. a?i. aai 0.07% aa?oino? iioaioe?aeo
aiaeieo ?ano?n?a. sse iane?aeie, – aeiiii?/i? oa ae?iaie/? iieacieee
aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa i?iaeiaaeoaaee
cieaeoaaoeny. Oea iaaaoeaii iicia/a?oueny ia caaaeuei?e aoaeoeaiino?
n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa.
O 1996 ?. a iaeano? c?iooaaeiny 471.6 oen. aa caiaeue, ianya aiaee aeey
c?ioaiiy neeaa 1025 iei. i3. Aiaei?ie?noue 1 aa aeinyaea 2172.3 i3
(oaae. 2). O ii??aiyii? c 1992 ?. ianyae aiaeiiiaea/? aeey c?ioaiiy
nei?ioeeeny iaeaea aaea?/?. ?acii c oei c?ioaiiy caaacia/o? 24.6%
aaeiaiai cai?o ca?iiaeo, 26.5% niiyoieeo, 86.0% iai/?a, 96.8%
Oaaeeoey 2
Ae?iaie/? iieacieee aiaeicaaacia/aiiy c?ioaiiy
o Oa?niinueeee iaeano?, 1996?.
Aaei?i?no?aoeai?
?aeiie
Ieiua c?ioo-
aaieo caiaeue,
aa
Ianya aiaee aeey c?i-oaiiy,
iei.i3
??aaiue c?i-
oaiiy,
%
Ianya c?ioo-aaeueii? aiaee ia
1 aa, i3
% a?ae caaa-eueii? aiaei-iiaea-/?
Aiaei-iiaea-/a
o
oi/eao aeae?eo,
i3
O?iaino-aaiiy aiaeiii-aea/? ca ?aooiie i?noeaaiai athaeaeaoo,
oen. a?i.A?eica?nueeee 3256076.9127.02362.183.0256.08.0Aa?eneaanueeee
321739.3212.11672.083.9216.78.6A.Ieaenaiae??anueeee
44262.6032.9588.145.561.40.7Aaeeeieaieoenueeee
81655.796.9709.168.5110.35.3Aa?oiuei?iaa/eoeueeee
37894.1814.31103.572.363.51.7Aenieii?euenueeee
1430.3680.22573.418.69–Aai?/anueeee
3167860.9717.61924.781.2657.213.3Aieii?enoainueeee
3536053.7627.31520.469.1352.53.0Ai?iinoa?anueeee
2001549.784.72487.194.1738.012.9?aai?anueeee
2071739.8121.51921.690.2140.69.3Eaeai/aoeueeee
2089580.4227.83848.885.79140.618.8Eaoianueeee
62336133.744.22144.893.49108.825.4Ieaeiuein??iaicueeee
54378.7141.41602.771.0723.80.8Iiaiai?iioeianueeee
69906.57810.3941.158.471.81.2Iiaio?i?oeueeee
72730172.441.52370.494.98144.232.8Neaaeianueeee
3970898.244.02373.193.61142.610.6Oeth?oieinueeee
1969323.119.01173.057.1827.915.1*aieeinueeee
54161146.640.02706.792.31124.022.9i. Oa?nii697516.52-2368.523.6314.4-i.
Eaoiaea23524.838-2057.024.984.41.1Anueiai ii
iaeano?471647102525.02172.381.931008.5191.5
c?iooaaiiai caiea?ianoaa na?ae/eoue aeniea o?iaeaei?noue
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo eoeueoo? (ia 25-30% a?eueoa, i?ae ia aiaa??),
a oaeiae ?o cia/i? aaeia? cai?e.
I?e oeueiio o?iaeaei?noue o ii??aiyii? c 1990 – 1992 ?ieao nei?ioeeany o
1.5-2 ?ace. Oea a?aeaoeiny ca ?aooiie ciaioaiiy ianya?a o?iainoaaiiy
aiaeieo iae?i?aoe?e, iaaeineiiaeiai iaoai?cio ieaoe ca aiaeo oa
?iciiae?eii ?? i?ae aea?aeaaiei oa i?noeaaei athaeaeaoii. Oae, ianya
eai?oaeueieo aeeaaeaiue o aiaeiainiiaea?nueea aoae?aieoeoai ca ia??iae c
1990?. ii 1997?. nei?ioeany o 15 ?ac?a.
Aaaeeeaith neeaaeiaith aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa Oa?niinueei?
iaeano? ? aiae?c aieeao eiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy ia aoaeoeai?noue aeei?enoaiiy
aiaeieo ?ano?n?a. Oa?ia?nuee? oa iniaeno? i?aeniai? ainiiaea?noaa
ianaeaiiy, caeiath/e ana a?eueo? caieaaieiae?iiy oa caaacia/oth/e
ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa, iathoue aenieo ?ano?nii?noe?noue ? ia
a?aecia/athoueny aoaeoeaiei aeei?enoaiiyi aiaee, ia caaacia/ai? aeanieie
nenoaiaie aiaeiiinoa/aiiy. Oea noaiiaeoue aeiaeaoeiao caa?ico aeey
aeiiii?ee oa aeieia?? aiaeieo ?ano?n?a, iniaeeai i?e oiia?
iaeiio?ieueiaaiiai aianaiiy i?ia?aeueieo aeia?ea. Caaaeii aeey
aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ia iniia?
aeei?enoaiiy iaiao?aeiiai ianyao aiaeieo ?ano?n?a iio??aii 50 iei. a?i.
aai 1/6 /anoeia iaeaniiai athaeaeaoo. Oea ia?aaeuo? o 2,5 ?ac?a ianyae
o?iainoaaiiy, ia?aaeaa/ai? aeey anueiai ainiiaea?noaa iaeano? o 1997?.
Oaea noaiiaeua aeiaaa? aeiei??iiiai ia?aaeyaeo no?oeoo?e aeioiae?a oa
aeo?ao o aiaeiiinoa/aii? n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa. Ia no/aniiio aoai?
na?aaei? aeo?aoe ia aiaeiiinoa/aiiy o 3.5 ?ac?a ia?aaeuothoue aeioiaee.
A ?o no?oeoo?? 22.5% noaiiaeyoue iaoa??aeuei? ? 9.7% – aeo?aoe ia iieaoo
i?aoe? (oaae. 3). I?e oeueiio eeoa 20% iaea?aeaieo aeioiae?a
caeeoa?oueny o i?noeaaiio athaeaeao?, a ?aooa 80% iai?aaey?oueny o
aea?aeaaiee.
Iaaeinoaoiuei caaacia/othoueny aiaeith n?euenuee? ianaeai? ioieoe.
O?eueee 41.5% c ieo iaee aiaeii?ia?aei? ia?aae?. I?aeoe/ii aeiaeai c
aiaeii?iaiae?a o n?euenuee?e i?noeaaino? ia iaeaaeiaiee i/enieie
nii?oaeaie. Oea cieaeo? nioe?aeuei? iieacieee yeino? aeeooy caeiyoeo o
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiio ae?iaieoeoa?, iaaaoeaii aieeaa? ia iieacieee
i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?.
Neeaaeio aeieia?/io ? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/io i?iaeaio noaiiaeoue
caa?oaeiaiiy aiaee. Ca inoaii? 5 ?ie?a ianyae aiaeiiinoa/aiiy ciaioeeeny
ia 30.2%, ui i?ecaaei aei ciaioaiiy caaaeueiiai ianyao caa?oaeiaiiy ia
23.5%. ?acii c oei o i?e?iaei? aiaei? ia’?eoe aoei neeiooi 173 iei. i3
no?/ieo aiae. O no?oeoo?? aeeeae?a ia?aaaaeathoue oei?eaee, oinoaoe,
?ia?a-ae??ioe o?aiceoiiai caa?oaeiaiiy i?no Aei?i?iiao?ianuee oa
Caii??aeaey.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “Oeyoe aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai
iaoai?cio aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
Oa?niinueei? iaeano?” iaa?oioiaothoueny caniae oa oeyoe aaeineiiaeaiiy
nenoaie oi?aae?iiy oa ?aaoethaaiiy aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa?, aeiiii?/i? aaaeae?, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? caoiaee
caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo aaeoc? ia iniia? aiaei?ano?niiai
oaeoi?o. Cai?iiiiiaaia noaia aaeineiiaeaiiy no?oeoo?e oa ooieoe?e
oi?aae?iiy aiaeiei?enooaaiiyi. Aiia ia?aaeaa/a? i?aeaeuaiiy ?ie?
iaeanieo aaei?i?no?aoeaieo i?aai?a ii?yae c no?oeoo?aie oi?aae?iiy ia
??ai? anueiai aanaeio Aei?i?a (?en. 1).
Oea iia’ycaii c oei, ui o aanaei? Aei?i?a iieacieee aiaei-caaacia/aiiy,
?ioaineaiiai aiaeiei?enooaaiiy cia/ii a?ae??ciythoueny i?ae i?iieneiaeie
oa aa?ii?iieneiaeie iaeanoyie. O no?oeoo?? oi?aae?iiy aiaeieie ?ano?naie
caa?oa? oaaao ianaiia?aae cia/ia e?euee?noue o/aniee?a i?ioeano
oi?aae?iiy (I?iaeiaaciaee, Aea?aeaiaeaini, I?iAIE, Aea?aeeiiaeieia??,
Aea?aeaiaeieaiae, Aea?aeaeeoeieiioiaini, oi?aae?iiy c?iooaaeueieo
nenoai, ia’?eoe aiaeiiinoa/aiiy). Aeaye? ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy
aeoaeththoueny, a ?io? – ia aeeiiothoueny cian?i (caaacia/aiiy
o?iainoaaiiy oa ?iaanooaaiiy aiaeiiinoa/aiiy; eiio?ieue iaaeoiaeaeaiue
ieaoe ca aiaei? ?ano?ne aai ?o caa?oaeiaiiy).
Ia iaeani? oa ?aeiii? aea?aeaai? aaei?i?no?aoe?? iaiao?aeii iieeanoe
eiie?aoi? ooieoe?? i?aai?caoe?? aiaeiei?enooaaiiy – ?ic?iaeo iaeanieo
i?ia?ai aoaeoeaiiai caaacia/aiiy aiaeieie ?ano?naie n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ? n?euenueei? i?noeaaino? oa eiio?ieue ca ?o aeio?eiaiiyi.
Oi?aae?iiy aaciina?aaei?i aeei?enoaiiyi aiaee iathoue cae?enithaaoe
a?aeiia?aei? iaeani? i?ae?icae?ee I?iAIE, Aea?aeaiaeainio oa
aiaeii?ia?aeii-eaiae?caoe?eiiai ainiiaea?noaa.
Aei aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a aoaeoeaiiai aiaeiei?enooaaiiy o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa? iaeaaeeoue ca?eueoaiiy ieaoe ca aiaeo oa aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y
oa?eo?a oa e?i?o?a aiaeiei?enooaaiiy, aeaea/a aeicaie?a ia niaoe?aeueia
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy, aecia/aiiy ii?iaoea?a ieaoe ca caa?oaeiaiiy. Ieaoa ca
niaoe?aeueia aeei?enoaiiy aiaeieo ?ano?n?a iaia’yceiaa ? ia ca?eueiy?
noa’?eo?a i?aei?e?iieoeueei? ae?yeueiino? a?ae
?en. 2 I?aai?caoe?y oi?aae?iiy aiaeiiinoa/aiiy o n?euenueeiio
ainiiaea?noa? aaei?i?no?aoeaii? iaeano?.
nieaoe ieaoaae?a ca neeae o aiaei? ia’?eoe caa?oaeithth/eo ?a/iaei.
Ie aaaaea?ii, ui iaiao?aeii iaa?oiooaaoe ia?a?iciiae?e ieaoaae?a i?ae
i?noeaaeie oa aea?aeaaiei athaeaeaoii ia ei?enoue ia?oeo. Iniaeeai oea
noino?oueny ?aa?ii?a ?ioaineaiiai c?ioaiiy. Oaeee ia?a?iciiae?e ni?eya
ae a?eueo ?aoe?iiaeueiiio aeei?enoaiith eioo?a ia aiaeicaaacia/aiiy.
O Oa?niinuee?e iaeano? aeei?enoaiiy aiaee ia 1 i2 ieiu? o 12,5 ?ac?a
ia?aaeuo? a?aeiia?aeiee iieaciee aiaeicaaacia/aiino? oa?eoi???. Oaea
aeaoi?iiaaia no?oeoo?a ainiiaea?noaa noai?th? neeaaeio
aiaeiainiiaea?nueei-aeieia?/io neooaoe?th ? ua ?ac ia?aeiio? o
iaiao?aeiino? no?oeoo?ieo c?ooaiue o niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa eiioeaio?aoe??
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa. Caaaeii aei 90% oaoiieia?/ieo
iio?aa o aiae? iiaeia caaeiaieueieoe ca ?aooiie ?? iiaoi?iiai
aeei?enoaiiy. Oea iniaeeai aeooaeueii c o?aooaaiiyi ao?ao aiaee
i?e o?ainii?ooaaii? oa o?eueo?aoe?? a ianyc? aeecueei 17% a?ae ianyao
aiaeicaai?o.
AENIIAEE
Eiiieaeniee aeiiii?/iee aiae?c aoaeoeaiiai ?icaeoeo aa?a?iiai
ae?iaieoeoaa a cii? c?ioaiiy aeicaieea c?iaeoe ianooii? aeniiaee oa
i?iiiceoe??.
1. Aeiaaaeaii, ui aiaeiei?enooaaiiy oa aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii? c?ioaiiy ? iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiei i?e
noai?aii?, oi?ioaaii? oa iioei?caoe?? ?aa?iiaeueiiai
aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiai eiiieaeno
2. ?ic?iaeaii eiioeaioe?th aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa
?aa?iio c iiceoe?e aaaaoiaei??iiai e?eoa??th aeiiii?/ii?, aeieia?/ii? oa
nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino?.
3. ?ioaineai?noue aiaeiei?enooaaiiy ia’?eoeaii iaoiiaeth? i??i?eoaoe
?aa?iiaeueiiai i?eioeeio oi?aae?iiy aiaeicaaacia/aiiyi n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa a Oa?niinuee?e iaeano?, aeiaaa? onoiaiiy a?aeii/i?
iaocaiaeaeaiino? a oi?aae?ii? aiaeiei?enooaaiiyi oa aaeineiiaeaiiy
ii?iaoeaii? oa caeiiiaeaa/i? aace aiaei?ano?nicaaacia/aiiy,
aeei?enoaiiy ? ioi?iie aiae.
4. Cai?iiiiiaaia noaia aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?? oi?aae?iiy
aiaeiiinoa/aiiy o n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? ia?aaeaa/a? i?aeaeuaiiy
?ie? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue, ni?yiiaaieo ia aoaeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy
aiaeieo ?ano?n?a Aei?i?a.
5. ?ic?iaeaii i?iiiceoe?? uiaei aaeineiiaeaiiy ii?iaoeaii-caeiiiaeaa/i?
aace aiaeiei?enooaaiiy c o?aooaaiiyi ?aa?iiaeueieo iniaeeainoae
aa?a?iiai ae?iaieoeoaa oa nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo oiia ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
6. Iaa?oioiaaii i?iiiceoe?? uiaei i?aeaeuaiiy nioe?aeueii? oa
aeieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa oa
n?euenueei? i?noeaaino? a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ?aoi?ioaaiiy.
7. Aoaeoeaieie aaaeaeyie i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
aiaeicaaacia/aiiy iiaeii? noaoe oaeiae iiaeaoeia? oa e?aaeeoi? i?eueae
i?aei?e?inoaai oa i?aai?caoe?yi AIE o ?ac? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ieie
aiaeicaa??aath/eo oa aaca?aeoiaeieo oaoiieia?e, ciaioaiiy iaaaoeaiiai
aieeao ia aiaeieie.
8. ?aaeeeaeueiiio iie?ioaiith nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? oa aeieia?/ii?
neooaoe?? a ?aa?ii? ni?eyoeiooue aeeoa?aioe?aoe?y ieaoe ca aeei?enoaiiy
aiaeieo ?ano?n?a aeey ainiiaea?noa oa i?aei?e?inoa ??cieo oi?i aeaniino?
oa i?aeaeuaiiy ieaoe ca caa?oaeiaiiy.
NIENIE IOAE?EAOe?E CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??
1. Iao?iaa I.I. I?aaiecaoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci aoaeoea-iiai
?icaeoeo n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio ia iniia? ?aoe?iiaeue-iiai
aiaeicaaacia/aiiy a iiaeo oiiaao ainiiaea?thaaiiy. – Oa?nii, 1998. –
50n.
2. Iao?iaa I.I. Aiaei? ?ano?ne Oa?niinueei? iaeano?, ?o aeiiii?/ia
ioe?iea oa aeei?enoaiiy // Oaa??enueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – 1997. -?5. –
N.143-145.
3. Iao?iaa I.I. Aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii – aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
aiaeiei?enooaaiiy a Oa?niinueei? iaeano? // I?eaei?i?ia-nueeee iaoeiaee
a?niee. -1998. -?58 (aeiiii?ea). – N. 28-32.
4. Ia?ioeue E.I., Iao?iaa I.I, A?eoeueeo A.N. ?icaeoie ?aa?iiaeue-ieo
AIE a eiioaeno? ae??oaiiy aeieia?/ieo i?iaeai // Oaa??enueeee iaoeiaee
a?niee. – 1997. -?5. – N.19-21.
5. ?aiaoaiei I.A., Iao?iaa I.I., Ieeeiaiei ?.I. Aeaye? ?acoeueoa-oe
iaoeiaeo ?ic?iaie ii aeiiii?oe? i?e?iaeiei?enooaaiiy ieaeiueiai Aei?i?a
? caaaeaiiy ia ia?niaeoeao // Oaa??enueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – 1997. -?5.
– N.106-109.
6. *a?iyanueea O.A., Iao?iaa I.I. Aoaeoeai?noue oa iniiai? iai?y-ie
?iaanoeoe?eieo i?ioean?a o iae?i?aoeaiiio oa aiaeiainiiaea?nueeiio
caaacia/aii? i?aei?e?inoa AIE // Oaa??enueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – 1997.
-?5. – N.132-135.
7. ?aiaoaiei I.A., Ia?ioeue E.I., Iao?iaa I.I., Ii?icia ?.A.
Aeieiai-aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue aiaeicaaacia/aiiy AIE Oa?niinueei?
iaeano? // Oaa??enueeee iaoeiaee a?niee. – 1997. – ?5. – N.161-167.
8. Iao?iaa I.I. Aiaeiioi?iii? oa aiaeicaa??aath/? oaoiieia?? o
n?euenueeiio ainiiaea?noa? i?aaeiy Oe?a?ie // Oace aeii. Anaoe?a?inueei?
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ii? eiioa?aioe?? “Aaca?aeoiaeia oaoiieia?y, eiiieaenia
aeei?enoaiiy ne?iaeie – oeyoe i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?ia-ieoeoaa a
oiiaao ?eieo”. – Iae?oiiieue, 1996.
Aiioaoe?y
Iao?iaa I.I. Aaeineiiaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoa-i?cio
aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii? c?ioaiiy (ia
i?eeeaae? Oa?niinueei? iaeano?). – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.07.02. – Aeiiii?ea n?euenueeiai ainiiaea?noaa ?
AIE. – Ieeiea?anueeee n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeee ?inoeooo, Ieeiea?a,
1998.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?enay/aia ae??oaiith i?iaeai aaeineiiaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio aiaeicaaacia/aiiy n?euenueeiai
ainiiaea?noaa ?aa?iio a cii? ?ioaineaiiai c?ioaiiy ? ia oe?e iniia? –
i?aeaeuaiiy eiai nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? oa aeieia?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?.
Iaa?oioiaai? iniiai? iai?yie aoaeoeaiiai aiaeicaaacia/aiiy oa
ooieoe?iioaaiiy n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeiai ae?iaieoeoaa c o?aooaaiiyi
aeiiii?/ii? ioe?iee aiaeieo ?ano?n?a, no?oeoo?e oa aeeiai?ee ?o
aeei?enoaiiy, aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a ?eieiaiai iaoai?cio ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: aoaeoeai?noue ae?iaieoeoaa, aiaeiainiiaea?nueeee
eiiieaen, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci, aeieia?/ii oa nioe?aeueii
noaeee ?icaeoie, ?eieiaa ?aoi?ioaaiiy.
Aiiioaoeey
Iao?iaa I.A. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/an-eiai iaoaiecia
aiaeiiaania/aiey naeueneiai oicyenoaa ?aaeiia a ciia i?ioaiey (ia
i?eia?a Oa?niineie iaeanoe). – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.07.02 – Yeiiiieea naeueneiai oicyenoaa e AIE. –
Ieeieaaaneee ainoaea?noaaiiue naeuenei-oicyenoaaiiue einoeooo, Ieeieaaa,
1998.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia ?aoaieth i?iaeai niaa?oainoaiaaiey
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneiai iaoaiecia aiaeiiaania/aiey naeue-neiai
oicyenoaa ?aaeiia a ciia eioaineaiiai i?ioaiey e ia yoie iniiaa –
iiauoaieth aai nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneie e yeieiae/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe.
Iainiiaaiu iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey yooaeoeaiiai aiaeiiaania/aiey e
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iec-aiaenoaa n o/aoii
yeiiiie/aneie ioeaiee aiaeiuo ?ano?nia, no?oeoo?u e aeeiaieee eo
eniieueciaaiey, yeiiiie/aneeo ?u/aaia ?uii/iiai iaoaiecia
oicyenoaiaaiey.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: yooaeoeaiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa, aiaei-oicyenoaaiiue
eiiieaen, i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci, yeieiae/anee e
nioeeaeueii onoie/eaia ?acaeoea, ?uii/iia ?aoi?ie?iaaiea.
Summary
Petrova O. A. The improvement of the organizational and economical
sufficiency of water-supply in irrigation zone (taking the Kherson
region as an example). – Manuscript.
Thesis for a candidates degree in economics of agriculture and
agro-productive complex. – Nicolaev Agricultural Institute, Nicolaev,
1998.
The dissertation is devoted to decision the problem of organizational
and economical mechanism agricultural sufficiency of water-supply in
intensive irrigation zone and rising his social, economical and
ecological effectiveness. The author substantiated the main directions
of effective water-supply and functioning of agriculture production with
the due regard for economic estimate of water resources, structure and
dynamic their use, economical key vectors of market management
mechanism.
Key words: effectiveness of industry, organizational and economical
mechanism, ecological and social stable development, market reform.
I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 10.09.98?. Oi?iao 60 o 90/16
Oi. ae?oe.a?e. 1,0. Iae. – aeae. a?e. 0,8.
Iaeeaae 100. Cai. 135.
?aaeaeoe?eii-aeaeaaie/ee oeaio? “Eiein” OAeAO.
325006, i.Oa?nii, aoe.?.Ethenaiao?a,23.
Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter
