OE?A?INUeEA AEAAeAI?ss AeA?AEAAIIAI OI?AAE?IIss I?E I?ACEAeAIOIA?
OE?A?IE
O?AI*OE ?ai? Aiaoie?eiae/
OAeE 339.543.624 (477.75)
NIAOe?AEUeIA AEIIII?*IA CIIA:
AOAEOEAI?NOUe I?EEIssOOss
OI?AAE?INUeEEO ??OAIUe
25.00.05 – aaeocaaa oi?aae?iiy:
oi?aae?iiy aeiiii?eith
A A O I ? A O A ? AO
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy
eaiaeeaeaoa iaoe c aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy
Ee?a – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oe?a?inuee?e Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e
I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie.
Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio
?ICIOOAIEI ?aai Aaneeueiae/,
Oe?a?inueea Aeaaeai?y aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy
i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie,
caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee ?
o?iain?a.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
AIE?EIA Aieiaeeie? ?aaiiae/,
?inoeooo aeiiii?/iiai
i?iaiicoaaiiy IAI Oe?a?ie,
caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo
?inoeoooe?eieo ci?i ? ?icaeoeo oi?i
ainiiaea?thaaiiy;
eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe,
aeioeaio
I?EEEIEI Na?a?e ?aaiiae/,
Oe?a?inueeee ?inoeooo ?icaeoeo
Oiiaeiaiai ?eieo,
?aeoi?.
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee aeiiii?/iee ?inoeooo
I?i?noa?noaa aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e iaoiaeieia?? ? iaoiae?a
eiiieaeniiai ?icaeoeo ?aa?ii?a, i. Ee?a.
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 25 o?aaiy 1999 ?ieo i 15 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 50.34.01 a Oe?a?inuee?e Aeaaeai??
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 252057,
i. Ee?a, aoe. Aaeaia Iiouea, 20.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Oe?a?inueei?
Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie ca
aae?anith: 252057, i. Ee?a, aoe. Aaeaia Iiouea,
20.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 24 ea?oiy 1999 ?ieo.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee A. I.
Iiaianthe
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Anooi. A oiiaao noaiiaeaiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei oa noai?aiiy
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii c?inoa? ?ieue oa cia/aiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai ae??oaiiy nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai.
O aeaiee /an a Oe?a?i? aeoeaia ae?yeuei?noue ni?yiiaaia ia
iaa?oiooaaiiy aeioe?eueiino? noai?aiiy oa i?iaeooaaiiy niaoe?aeueieo
(a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii. Ie?ai? i?iaeoe ao?ethaaoeiooueny a aeeooy.
Ia oeueiio aoai? ?aoi?ioaaiiy aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie aaea oni?oii i?aoeth?
ia?oa a iao?e e?a?i? I?ai?/iie?einueea aenia?eiaioaeueia aeiiii?/ia ciia
“Neaao” (Aaoiiiiia ?anioae?ea E?ei).
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. I?e noai?aii? oa i?aai?caoe?? ooieoe?iioaaiiy
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii aeieeathoue oai?aoe/i? e
i?aeoe/i? i?iaeaie, ui aeiaaathoue aeine?aeaeaiiy oa iaoeiaiai
iaa?oiooaaiiy. Iaei??th c-iii?ae ieo ? nenoaiia, aoaeoeaia oa
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeia ae??oaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo i?iaeai o iiaeo
aeiiii?/ieo oa i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueieo oiiaao ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Oiio i?e i?iaeooaaii?, noai?aii? oa i?aai?caoe?? ae?yeueiino?
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii aeioe?eueii ciiaeaethaaoe,
ni?iaeooaaoe, cai?ia?aioaaoe oa i?aai?coaaoe ooieoe?iioaaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai. Aaeaea
ae??oaiiy noaiiaeyoue nooi?noue oa neeaae oi?aae?inueeiai i?ioeano.
Cia/iee aianie o ?ic?iaeo aeaii? i?iaeaie c?iaeee oe?a?inuee? a/ai?
I.A.*oia/aiei, ?.?.Caaio?ia, ?.O.Noaiaiaiei, A.?.Aie?eia, A.I.Aaniaeia,
N.?.I?eeeiei, E.N.Caaaaenueeee, TH.N.A?oaiaaeuenueeee, A.A.*aio?ei,
A.I.Aa?oeue, A.I.Aaeooei, I.N.?aiaothe oa ?io?; ?in?enuee? a/ai? –
O.O.Aoiaio, I.A.Eiceiaa, A.I.A?yinueeeo, I.E.?aco, I.?.Ea??/?a,
TH.I.Nieieoeia, I.A.?ae, TH.I.Oeoiie?ia; aia?eeainuee? – ?.Aeioo,
?.E.E?i?, O.?aeoa, E.Ieaieao, A.Oaee, E.Noooeiai, O.Eioe??, ?.A.A?aoi,
?.I.Caii?a oa ?io?, a oaeiae ?.Eoie (*ao?y), A.E.A?eean oa ?.C.Iaei?ian
(Eaoa?y), TH.Eicaeaoeueeee (Iieueua), A.Eiinai (Oaaoe?y). Aeine?aeaeaiiy
oeeo oa ?ioeo a/aieo i?noeoue ye eiioeaiooaeueiee, oae ? eieaeuei?
i?aeoiaee. Aiaeii/an aaaaoi i?iaeai nenoaie ae??oaiiy i?iaeai acaaae? oa
o niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo ciiao cie?aia, ia?aaoaathoue o
noaae?? aeine?aeaeaiiy.
I?ioa cae?enithaaoe i?ioean ae??oaiiy i?iaeai, oei a?eueoa a iiaeo
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo oiiaao ainiiaea?thaaiiy, o?aaa c ia?oiai aeiy
?nioaaiiy cii a?eueii? aeiiii?ee. I?aai?caoe?y ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o
??cieo oi?ioaaiiyo, ui aa?eaeooue o a?euei? (niaoe?aeuei?) aeiiii?/i?
ciie:
ii-ia?oa, ia ia? nenoaiiiai oa?aeoa?o;
ii-ae?oaa, ?? ooieoe?iiaeuei? i?aenenoaie oa i?aenenoaie caaacia/aiiy
– i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ia, ?ioi?iaoe?eia, i?ia?aiia ? oaoi?/ia ia
noi?iiaai?, iayai? eeoa ie?ai? aeaiaioe, iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaiee ??aaiue
yeeo aeoaea iecueeee;
ii-o?ao?, i?ioan?eiee oa ?ioaeaeooaeueiee iioaioe?ae in?a, ye?
ooaaeththoue ??oaiiy, iaaeinoaoi?e, a aeey oiia ooieoe?iioaaiiy a?eueieo
(niaoe?aeueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii acaaae? eiai o?aaa aaaaeaoe
iacaaeia?eueiei;
ii-/aoaa?oa, iio?aaothoue ?ic?iaie ooieoe?iiaeuei?, ?ioi?iaoe?ei?,
i?ia?aii? oa i?aai?caoe?ei? i?aenenoaie nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai;
ii-i’yoa, iaiao?aeii iie?aueoe iniauaiiy oi?ioaaiue
i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueieie caniaaie oa ?ino?oiaioaie (aeie-noaiaie
aeai?eoi?a, oaoiieia?aiaie, i?ioeaaeo?ia?aiaie, ia?aaeaaeie iao?eoeyie ?
a?ao?eaie, iiaeaeyie), ie?ai? c ieo o?aaa ?ic?iaeyoe a aeaieo ciiao oa
?o oi?ioaaiiyo;
ii-oinoa, aeioe?eueii i?aeaeueoe ??aaiue oi?iae?caoe??, iiaeaethaaiiy oa
i?ia?aioaaiiy oi?aae?inueeiai oeeeeo.
O ca’yceo c oeei o ??ciiiai?oieo oi?ioaaiiyo, ?ici?uaieo ia oa?eoi???,
aea aoaea noai?aia niaoe?aeueia (a?eueia) aeiiii?/ia ciia, ?niothoue
cia/i? ?aca?ae c i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? oa aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo
??oaiue. Ana aeuaaeeeaaeaia e aecia/eei aea?? oaie iaoeiaiai
aeine?aeaeaiiy.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Oaia aoiaeeoue o
ieai iaoeiai-aeine?aeii? ?iaioe Oe?a?inueei? Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie: “Eiiieaenia neooaoe?eia
iiaeaethaaiiy i?eeiyooy ??oaiue ia oeiiaeo ??aiyo aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy”.
Iaoith ?iaioe ? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieiaieo iai?yi?a noai?aiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o
niaoe?aeuei?e (a?euei?e) aeiiii?/i?e cii?.
A?aeiia?aeii aei iaoe aoee aecia/ai? ianooii? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy:
– i?iaiae?coaaoe i?ioean ae??oaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo, a?cianiaeo,
i?aai?caoe?eieo oa nioe?aeueieo i?iaeai;
– aecia/eoe ye?noue, ooieoe?? oa aoaeoeai?noue oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue;
– aeine?aeeoe niaoe?aeuei? (a?euei?) aeiiii?/i? ciie ye oi?io
aoaeoeaiiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy;
– iaa?oiooaaoe iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe oa noai?eoe iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy
aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue;
– ?ic?iaeoe i?aai?caoe?th eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio ae??oaiiy i?iaeai oa ??
aeai?eoi;
– ciiaeaethaaoe aeai?eoi noai?aiiy niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo
cii;
– aeine?aeeoe oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaeieia?/i? iniiae e ?ic?iaeoe i?aeoe/io
oaoiieia?th i?aeaioiaee, i?eeiyooy oa ?aae?caoe?? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue
? i?iaanoe ?o aeai?eoi?caoe?th.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiiy iieyaa? a:
– oai?aoe/iiio iaa?oiooaaii? nooiino? oa ci?noo nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai;
– iiaeaethaaii?, i?ia?aioaaii? oa aeai?eoi?caoe?? i?ioeano noai?aiiy
a?eueieo (niaoe?aeueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii;
– i?iaeooaaii? oa noai?aii? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie
oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o NAC oa ?o aeai?eoi?caoe??;
– ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue o
NAC;
– oaoiieia?caoe?? oa aeai?eoi?caoe?? i?ioeano ae??oaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo
i?iaeai;
– iaoeiaiio iaa?oiooaaii? noai?aiiy aoaeoeaiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o oi?ioaaiiyo
NAC.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. Oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaee/i?
iniiae, ?ic?iaeai? a aeena?oaoe??, aeei?enoiaoaaeeny a i?ioean? aiae?co
no/aniiai ??aiy aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue a aeiiii?/ieo
no?oeoo?ao, iai?aoeueiaaii? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e c i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue, ai?iaaoe?? oa ai?iaaaeaeaii? ?o o a?cianiao
ae?yeuei?noue. Iaaia cia/aiiy iathoue i?aeoe/i? ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei
noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai, i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaiai noai?aiiy niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo)
aeiiii?/ieo cii, iiaoaeiae i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaeo no?oeoo? oi?aae?iiy o
oi?ioaaii? NAC. ?ic?iaeaii ae?eiaee ii?o?ao ea??aiee?a NAC oa eiai
noa’?eo?a, aecia/aii i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueio aoaeoeai?noue
eieaa?aeueieo oi?i ae??oaiiy i?iaeai, aeei?enoaii nioe?ieia?/i? iaoiaee
iaa?oiooaaiiy ??oaiue, i?aeoe/ii? oaoiieia?? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
O ?yae? aeiiii?ei-ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue “Aaeeei? sseoe”
aeena?oaioii aaciina?aaeiuei cae?eniaia ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
aeine?aeaeaiue.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Iniiai? ?aea? oa ?ic?iaee, iai?aoeueiaai?
a ?aieao aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy ? aena?oeai? o i?aaenoaaeai?e
?iaio?, cie?aia, o?, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue iaoeiao iiaecio oa i?aeoe/ia
cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a, – oea noai?aiiy iaoiaeeee aecia/aiiy
aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeee ??oaiue; iaa?oiooaaiiy nenoaie
oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai; ii?aoethaaiiy oaoiieia?? oa
aeai?eoi?a i?aeaioiaee, i?eeiyooy ? ?aae?caoe?? i?ioeano noai?aiiy
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii. I?iaeaia iiaeaethaaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai ?ic?iaeaia ?acii c A.I.Aaniaeiaei oa A.I.I?aaeoiii,
aea iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a neeaaea? 67 %.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eii?
?iaioe iaaiai?thaaeeny ia can?aeaii? eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee ? o?iain?a
Oe?a?inueei? Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia?
Oe?a?ie, o ??ciiiai?oieo aee?aeoeaieo i?aaiao ? oi?ioaaiiyo Aaoiiiiii?
?anioae?ee E?ei, E?einueeiio oeaio?? no?aoaa?/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue aeiiia?aeaeeny ia I?aeia?iaeieo
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo o Na?aoia? (1997 ?.), o
Iinea? (1998 ?.), o N?ioa?iiie? (1998 ?.), o Oa?iiiie? (1998 ?.) ia
Ana?in?enuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? o Na?aoia? (1998 ?.),
ni?eueii c ?ioeie aeaiooaoaie Aa?oiaii? ?aaee Oe?a?ie i?aeaioiaeaiee
i?iaeo Caeiio Oe?a?ie “I?i a?eueio aeiiii?/io ciio “I?aaeaiiee aa?aa
E?eio”.
Ioae?eaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue ciaeoee a?aeia?aaeaiiy
a 3-o iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo oa a iaoa??aeao 2-o I?aeia?iaeieo
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?e, caaaeueiei ianyaii 85 noi??iie
aaoi?nueeiai oaenoo.
Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c?
anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae oa
aeiaeaoe?a. Caaaeueiee ianya aeena?oaoe?? – 175 noi??iie ae?oeiaaiiai
oaenoo, 13 oaaeeoeue oa 15 ?enoie?a, a o. /. 9 aeiaeaoe?a ia 17
noi??ieao, ye? aeeth/athoue 4 oaaeeoe? oa 2 ?enoiee. Nienie
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae i?noeoue 151 iaeiaioaaiiy.
INIIAIEE CI?NO
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy, noi?ioeueiaaii
eiai iaoo, caaaeaiiy, aecia/aii iaoiaeeeo aeine?aeaeaiiy, ?ice?eoi
iaoeiao iiaecio, i?aeoe/io cia/ou?noue io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a oa ?o
ai?iaaoe??.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? “Oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe oi?aae?inueeeo
??oaiue” ?icaeyaeathoueny oai?aoe/i? iniiae oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue,
niaoe?aeuei? (a?euei?) aeiiii?/i? ciie ye oi?ia aoaeoeaiiai
ainiiaea?thaaiiy. I?e no?oeoo?oaaii? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy aeae?eaia
nenoaia oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai. ?ice?eaa?oueny nooue,
oo?eiaiiy oe??? nenoaie, iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ?? aoaeoeaiiai
ooieoe?iioaaiiy oa eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai ae??oaiiy a?cianiaeo i?iaeai.
Aeey NAC ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie
oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? “Aoaeoeai?noue oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue i?e noai?aii?
NAC” i?iiiio?oueny iaoiaeeea aecia/aiiy yeino? oa aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue, aiae?co?oueny ?o ??aaiue o i?iieneiaeo,
aa?ii?iieneiaeo, n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo oa ?ae?aaoe?eii-eo?i?oieo
oi?ioaaiiyo; aeyaeythoueny ?aca?ae eiai i?aeaeuaiiy; aeine?aeaeo?oueny
i?aai?caoe?y nenoaie ae??oaiiy i?iaeai; aena?oeththoueny
i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaia? iniiae oi?aae?iiy noai?aiiyi oa ooieoe?iioaaiiyi
NAC.
O i?ioean? i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue aeei?enoiaoaaeeny ae?aeaeoe/iee
iaoiae, nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae, aiae?c nenoai ? aeaiaio?a oi?aae?iiy
nenoaiaie. C eiie?aoieo iaoiae?a canoiniaoaaeeny:
noaoenoeei-aeiiii?/iee, nioe?ieia?/iee, iaoaiaoe/iee,
aenia?eiaioaeueiee.
A?iioaca iieyaa? o i?eiouaii?, ui noai?aiiy oaei? iiaeae?
eiieo?aioi-ni?iiiaeii? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o
niaoe?aeuei?e aeiiii?/i?e cii? noaia iniiaith oi?iae?caoe??,
iiaeaethaaiiy oa aeai?eoi?caoe?? i?ioeano ae??oaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeeo oa a??aeiaeo i?iaeai.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? “I?aai?caoe?y eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie
oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o NAC” aecia/athoueny iniiai? iai?yiee
oa oeyoe i?aeaeuaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai; ?ic?iaeythoueny: aeai?eoi noai?aiiy NAC, oi?ioaaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio
ae?iaeaiiy aoaeoeaieo ??oaiue o NAC, oaoiieia?y ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
Oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy a oe?ieiio aniaeo? aenooiathoue ye iaeia c oi?i
noni?eueieo a?aeiinei ethaeae o noa?? ae?iaieoeoaa, i?aei?e?iieoeoaa,
a?ciano, iai?io oa ?iciiae?eo. Nooo?aei ?o ci?noii ? ?aae?caoe?y aeiia
aeiiii?/ieo caeii?a, caeiiii??iinoae oa i?eioeei?a oi?aae?iiy, a oaeiae
caaaeueiiethaenueeeo oe?iiinoae. ?ic?iaea aaeeeiianooaaieo aea?aeaaieo
??oaiue aca?iiiia’ycaia oa aecia/a?oueny i?aai?caoe??th e
ooieoe?iioaaiiyi noni?eueii-iie?oe/ii? oa aeiiii?/ii? nenoaie. Oe?eue,
nooi?noue oa ci?no oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue aecia/a?oueny ia?aa?aii
noni?eueii-aeiiii?/ieo i?ioean?a, ?icaeoeii aeiiii?ee, i?aai?caoe??th
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy, ??aiai aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaie/i-a?cianiai?
ae?yeueiino?, eoeueoo?e oa aeooiaiino? ethaeae.
Oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy – oea iniiaa oi?aae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaii,
i?aei?e?iieoeoaii ? a?cianii, oiio ?o ?ieue oa cia/aiiy a
oi?aae?inueeiio i?ioean? cia/ia. Aac ??oaiue ia iiaea aooe oi?aae?iiy,
ai o ci?noiaiiio aniaeo? aiie neeaaeathoue oi?aae?inueeee i?ioean.
Aiaeii/an ??oaiiy – nooi?noue oa ae?acieee caeiiii??iinoae, i?eioeei?a ?
ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy. Oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy iathoue naith ye?noue, ui ia
iao iiaeyae, aecia/a? ?? aeanoeaino?: ii?aeuei?noue, aeooiai?noue,
oe?eani?yiiaai?noue, iaoeiao iaa?oioiaai?noue, eiiiaoaioi?noue,
aeanoe/i?noue, nai?/ani?noue i?eeiyooy, ianoia?a/eea?noue oa iaoeiao
oi?io aeeeaaeaiiy. Oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy aeeiiothoue ianooii? ooieoe??:
aiae?oe/i?, ieaiia?, i?aai?coth/?, ?aaoethth/? oa ioe?ithaaeuei?.
Aeei?enoiaoth/e ?ic?iaeaio iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy yeino?, aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue o ??cieo aeiiii?/ieo oi?ioaaiiyo Aaoiiiiii?
?anioae?ee E?ei, anoaiiaeee, ui ea??aieee i?aei?e?inoa oa ia’?aeiaiue ca
??e iai?aoeueiaothoue 5.5 – 7 oeny/ ??oaiue, aieiai? niaoe?ae?noe –
5.3 – 5.7 oeny/, ea??aieee aioo??ainiiaea?nueeeo oi?ioaaiue iiiaae – 10
oeny/ Iaeii/anii c’yniaaii, ui aiie caeaa?eueoiai aeicaieythoue i?ino?
aecia/aiiy (i?ino?, aeaoa?i?i?nonuee?, noaoe/i?) i?iaeaie – 32 – 57%
a?ae on?o i?iaeai, ui ae??oothoueny ? eeoa 1.5 – 4.3% noaiiaeyoue
neeaaei? noioanoe/i? oa aeniei ?eceeiaai? i?iaeaie. *anoeia oeeo
??oaiue ?c noai?aiiyi niaoe?aeueieo
(a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii (NAC), c oneeaaeiaiiyi a?cianiai?
ae?yeueiino? oa ?o caeaaei?noth a?ae ciai?oi?o oaeoi??a ca?eueoo?oueny.
I?e/iio, eiee cacia/ai? i?iaeaie ia ae??oothoueny, oi aiie
ii?iaeaeothoue iia? i?iaeaie, ye? ciaioothoue aoaeoeai?noue
ae?yeueiino?.
Ooieoe?iiaeueia no?oeoo?a oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue o oi?ioaaiiyo, ye?
aeine?aeaeothoueny, i?aaenoaaeaia ca caaaeueieie ooieoe?yie ianooiiei
/eiii: aiae?c – 10-17%, ?ic?iaeaiiy no?aoaa?e, oe?eae, caaaeaiue –
8-15%, neeaaeaiiy i?iaiic?a, ieai?a, oe?eueiaeo i?ia?ai oa acaaae?
ieaioaaiiy – 10-13%, i?aai?caoe?y ae?iaieoeoaa, ia?eaoeiao, oi?aae?iiy,
o?iainiai?, ainiiaea?nueei? oa ?ioi? ae?yeueiino? – 20-30%,
?aaoethaaiiy oa eii?aeeiaoe?y – 15-18%,
eiio?ieue aeeiiaiiy ieaiiaeo i?ia?ai, i?ioeano ae?iaie/i? oa a?cianiai?
ae?yeueiino? – 5-10%, ioe?iea (aeiiii?/ia,
i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueia, nioe?aeueia ) – 5-10%.
O ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue anoaiiaeaii, ui ea??aieee oa
niaoe?ae?noe iaaeathoue ia?oi/a?aiaiai cia/aiiy aeanoeainoyi yeino?
??oaiue: oe?eani?yiiaai?noue – 6.9-8.7 aae?a c 10; iaoeiaa
iaa?oioiaai?noue – 6.5-8.1; eiiiaoaioi?noue – 6.5-8.1 oa nai?/ani?noue
ooaaeaiiy ??oaiue – 6.9-8.8 aaea. Iaeaeua ioe?iea yeino? ??oaiue o
?ae?aaoe?eii-eo?i?oieo oi?ioaaiiyo, a iaeieae/a – a aa?ii?iieneiaeo
i?aei?e?inoaao. Iaiao?aeii i?aee?aneeoe, ui na?aae ea??aiee?a oa
niaoe?ae?no?a iaaeoi ??cieoueny ioe?iea aeanoeainoae yeino?, aeinyaath/e
ca ie?aieie yeinoyie 1.5 aaea, ui iaaaoeaii aieeaa? ia i?ioean
?ica’ycaiiy i?iaeai, a yeiio aca?iiae?thoue iaeii/anii ea??aieee oa
niaoe?ae?noe.
??oaiiy, ui ?ic?iaeythoueny ea??aieeaie oa niaoe?ae?noaie, noathoue
ae?enieie o?eueee i?ney ?o ?aae?caoe??. Eiee ??oaiiy ooaaeai?, yeui
aiie aei oiai ae iathoue aenieo ye?noue, aea ia ?aae?ciaai?, oi oea ?
aeo?aoith o?oaeiaeo, a?ioiaeo ? iaoa??aeueieo ?ano?n?a.
Aeine?aeaeaiiyie anoaiiaeaii, ui eiao?oe??io ?aae?caoe?? ??oaiue
oi?ioaaiue, ui aea/athoueny, eieeaa?oueny ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao
a?ae 0.6 aei 0.8; ia aa?ii?iieneiaeo – a?ae 0.55 aei 0.8; ia
n?euenueeiainiiaea?nueeeo – 0.5 – 0.75; ia ?ae?aaoe?eii-eo?i?oieo –
0.75 – 0.85. I?e/iio iaeaeuee i?ioeaio aeeiiaiiy – ca iia?aoeaieie
??oaiiyie ? cieaeo?oueny – ca oaeoe/ieie oa no?aoaa?/ieie. O
oi?ioaaiiyo iaeiai a?ciano ??aaiue aeeiiaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo,
i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo ? ia?eaoeiaiaeo ??oaiue aeuee ia 10 – 17
i?ioeaio?a.
Aiae?c ae??oaiiy i?iaeai iieacaa, ui ia i?aei?e?inoaao oa ia’?aeiaiiyo
?niothoue cia/i? ?aca?ae i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo
??oaiue. ?acii c oei ?aoe?iiaeueii? nenoaie ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o ieo
nueiaiaei? ua ia ?nio?.
No?oeoo?oaaiiy nenoaie oi?aae?iiy aeicaiey? ie?aneeoe o?e a?oie
i?aenenoai: ooieoe?iiaeuei?, ui caaacia/othoue ia’?eoii-ooieoe?iiaeuei?.
Ooieoe?iiaeuei? i?aenenoaie (i?aeaioiaea ??oaiue, ooaaeaiiy ??oaiue,
?aae?caoe?y
??oaiue) ? i?aenenoaie caaacia/aiiy (?ioi?iaoe?eia, i?ia?aiia, oaoi?/ia
oa i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ia) a i?aeoe/i?e ae?yeueiino? ?ioaa?othoueny
oa neeaaeathoue nenoaio oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai. Oey nenoaia
oe?e?nia, eiiieaenia, ???a?o?/ia, a?aee?eoa, ae?aeaeoe/ia oa ?
aeii?iaioith oi?aae?inueeiai i?ioeano, yeee eiiiiceoe?eii yaey? niaith
iino?eiee i?ioean i?aeaioiaee, ooaaeaiiy oa ?aae?caoe?? ??oaiue.
Nenoaia oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai caaacia/o? /ooeea?noue,
ni?eeiyooy oa aaeaioiaai?noue nenoaie oi?aae?iiy aei ?eieiai?
eii’thieoo?e, iiieoo niiaeeaa/?a, ?iiiaaoe?e ? i?aeia?iaeiiai
a?ciano. Iaeii/anii aiia
aecia/a? naiii?aai?caoe?th, naiioi?aae?iiy oa naii?aaoethaaiiy nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy.
I?e iiaeaethaaii?, i?iaeooaaii? oa i?aai?caoe?? aoaeoeaiiai
ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo ciiao iniiaiiieiaeieie ? oae?
iieiaeaiiy:
?aae?caoe?y no?aoaa?e, oe?eae oa caaaeaiue nenoaie oi?aae?iiy;
caaacia/aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue ye ia
aioo??oiueiio, oae ? ia i?aeia?iaeiiio ??ai?;
noai?aiiy oe?e?nii?, aio/ei? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy;
iaaeaiiy aaeaioiaaiino? nenoai? aei ?eieiai? eii’thieoo?e,
?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a oa i?aeia?iaeiiai a?ciano;
aecia/aiiy iioeiaeueiino? aeiiii?/ieo, i?aai?caoe?eieo oa
ooieoe?iiaeueieo ia?aiao??a, ?o a?aeiia?aeiino? i?aeia?iaeiei ii?iai,
ii?iaoeaai oa noaiaea?oai, ?aoe?iiaeueiino? ???a?o?/iino?, aeiiii?/iino?
nenoaie, ?iiiaaoe?eiino? i?aenenoai oa an??? nenoaie a oe?eiio;
caaacia/aiiy ii?aeueiino? oa eoeueoo?e ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
Nenoaia oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai ???a?o?/ia. Ia ?? aa?oi?o
iiaa?oao (I?aceaeaio Oe?a?ie, Aa?oiaia ?aaea Oe?a?ie oa Eaa?iao
I?i?no??a Oe?a?ie) ?ic?iaeythoueny caeiiiaeaa/?, i?aaia?, aeiiii?/i? oa
?io? iniiae noai?aiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy NAC. O aeena?oaoe??
aeine?aeaeothoueny oe? ieoaiiy, i?iiiio?oueny noaia aeai?eoio noai?aiiy
NAC, yea iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoeny aeey oi?iae?caoe??, iiaeaethaaiiy oa
i?ia?aioaaiiy ae?yeueiino? i?e noai?aii? NAC o ??cieo ?aa?iiao Oe?a?ie.
A oiiaao NAC iniaeeaa cia/aiiy ia? i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ia
i?aenenoaia, yea iiaeaeth?oueny, i?iaeoo?oueny, i?ia?aio?oueny,
oi?iae?co?oueny oa i?aai?co?oueny ye o noaoeoe?, oae ? a i?ioean?
ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
I?aai?caoe?eia i?aenenoaia aeeth/a? oa aaco?oueny ia oe?e?niiio
aca?iica’yceo ? aca?iiae?? no?oeoo?e i?aai?a oi?aae?iiy;
i?aai?caoe?eiiio ?aaeaiaiooaaii? oa ii?ioaaii? ia?aiao??a nenoai, ? ??
ooieoe?iioaaii?; i?aai?caoe?eii? oi?iae?caoe?? ? ?aaeeiii? i?aai?caoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa oa ooaaeaiiy ??oaiue; nenoai? iaa/aiiy ciaiue e oi?iiy
ae??ooaaoe i?iaeaie;
caaacia/aii? oa iae?eo oiia oi?ioaaiiy ? aeeiiaiiy ??oaiue,
aeei?enoaii? iaoiaeee ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie
oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai.
O aeena?oaoe?? iaaiaeeoueny ?ic?iaeaia oa aaea ai?iaaaeaeaia a
aa?ii?iieneiaiio ia’?aeiaii? “Ianaiae?a” i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaa no?oeoo?a
oi?aae?iiy, yea i?aeaeuo? aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano oi?aae?iiy,
a?ciano, ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueii? ae?yeueiino?, ni?ey? e?auiio
ni?eeiyooth oa
aaeaioiaaiino? aei ?iiiaaoe?e, eii’thieoo?e ?eieo, iiieoo niiaeeaa/?a ?
eiieo?aioe??. I?e oeueiio i?aeaeuo?oueny ye?noue ?eieiaeo eiioi?eaoe?e,
?o iaae?ei?noue, iia?aoeai?noue oa aeiiii?/i?noue. Iaeii/anii
i?iaeoeoeai?noue oi?aae?inueei? i?aoe? iiaeiia i?aeaeueoeny ia 7-12%.
Ii?yae c i?aai?caoe?eieie ia?aiao?aie i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ia nenoaia,
iai?eeeaae o NAC, oa?aeoa?eco?oueny oaeeie aeiiii?/ieie aeaiaioaie:
iaoa??aeueia caoe?eaaeai?noue o ?acoeueoaoao i?aoe?, i?eueaia? ?aaeeie
? ??aaiue iiiaeaoeoaaiiy, i?aaiaee ?aaeei aeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?,
i?eueae ? i?ea?ea? aeey ?iicaiieo ?iaanoi??a, iiaee ii?yaeie
canoinoaaiiy oa ae?y caeiiiaeaanoaa aeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?, nenoaia
aea?aeaaieo aa?aio?e ia aeiiii?/io ae?yeuei?noue.
Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy a i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i?e nenoai? ia? i?ioan?eiee,
?ioaeaeooaeueiee oa aeooiaiee iioaioe?ae oi?aae?inueeiai ia?niiaeo. Eiai
ciaiiy, ai?iiy ? iaae/ee aecia/athoue ye?noue oa aoaeoeai?noue
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai, ui aeieeathoue o i?ioean? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoai
ae?iaieoeoaa, ia?eaoeiao, ianeoaiaoaaiiy oa oi?aae?iiy ieie. Aeey
i?aeoe/ii? ae?yeueiino? iaie ?ic?iaeaia ooieoe?iiaeueia iiaeaeue
ea??aiee?a NAC, ?? noa’?eo?a ? oi?ioaaiue.
Aeey aoaeoeaiiai i?ia?aiiiai caaacia/aiiy ?iaioe ooieoe?iiaeueieo
i?aenenoai nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai iaiao?aeii iaoe
eiiieaen oaoiieia?e i?aeaioiaee, ooaaeaiiy oa ?aae?caoe?? oi?aae?inueeeo
??oaiue – oeiiaeo, aeai?eoi?ciaaieo, aa?enoe/ieo aeey ??cieo oei?a
i?iaeai c o?aooaaiiyi ?o oa?aeoa?enoee: aeaoa?i?iiaai?noue,
noieanoe/i?noue, ?ici??i?noue, no?oeoo?iaai?noue, aeeiai?ci oa ?i.
Iaeiei ua ia ae??oaiei ieoaiiyi ? iniauaiiy nenoaie aeie-noaiaie
aeai?eoi?a, oaoiieia?aiaie, i?ioeaaeo?ia?aiaie, iia?ia?aiaie,
ia?aaeaaeie iao?eoeyie oa iiaeaeyie.
O i?aeoe/i?e oi?aae?inuee?e ae?yeueiino? ea??aieee ? niaoe?ae?noe
iae/ano?oa aeei?enoiaothoue c aiaeiao ieioeiai aeina?aeo ae??oaiiy
ae?iaie/i-i?aei?e?iieoeueeeo i?iaeai, aea ??aeei aeei?enoiaothoue
iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai? oaoiieia?? i?aeaioiaee, ooaaeaiiy oa ?aae?caoe??
??oaiue. Aaeueia naiiioe?iea oi?i, iaoiae?a ? niinia?a ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai ea??aieeaie oa niaoe?ae?noaie aeaea ianooii? ?acoeueoaoe:
aiaeia ieioeiai aeina?aeo – 6.7-8.4 aaea, i?ioan?iiaeueiee oa
?ioaeaeooaeueiee ??aaiue – 7.3-8.4, oe?ieee iae?e
?eieiai? eii’thieoo?e, eiieo?aioe??, eiieo?aioiino? ae??oaiiy – 4.8-7.9,
aeei?enoaiiy iaoeiai? oaoiieia?? – 4.2-5.4 aaea.
Neaaa aeei?enoaiiy iaoeiai? oaoiieia?? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai iaoiiaeaia,
ii-ia?oa, iecueeei ??aiai ciaiue iaoee oa ienoaoeoaa oi?aae?inueeiai
ae??oaiiy i?iaeai, ii-ae?oaa, oei, ui aei oeueiai /ano oaeoe/ii
a?aenooi? iaoeiai iaa?oioiaai? i?aeoe/i? oaoiieia?? ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai.
Iniiaiiieiaeiei aacenii i?e ae??oaii? i?iaeai iathoue aooe ?aei?noue oa
oe?e?ni?noue aca?iica’yceo aeiiii?/ieo caeii?a – caeiiii??iino?
oi?aae?iiy – i?eioeei?a oi?aae?iiy – ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy – iaoiae?a
oi?aae?iiy oa noeeth ?iaioe II? (iniaa, ui i?eeia? ??oaiiy). I?e
?ic?iaoe? oaoiieia?? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai aiia ?icae?eeeany ia noaae?? –
iia?aoe?? – niiniae oa ae??. O ?acoeueoao? noai?aia oa ai?iaiaaia
aeai?eoi?ciaaia oaoiieia?y, yea aeeth/a? o?e noaae??: i?aeaioiaea
??oaiiy, i?eeiyooy ??oaiiy, ?aae?caoe?y ??oaiiy, ui aeeth/athoue iathoue
12 iia?aoe?e: aiae?c i?iaeaie, ooaaea (c’yniaoaaiiy) no?aoaa?? ae??,
aecia/aiiy oe?e? (oe?eae), i?ia?aioaaiiy oe?eae, aaia?oaaiiy
aeueoa?iaoea, aea?? e?eoa???a ? iaoiaeee ioe?iee aeueoa?iaoea, aiae?c
aeueoa?iaoea ? aea?? aeii?iaioe, i?eeiyooy oa i?ia?aioaaiiy ae??oaiiy,
i?aai?caoe?y aeeiiaiiy ??oaiiy, eiio?ieue oa ?aaoethaaiiy aeeiiaiiy
??oaiiy, aecia/aiiy aeeiiaiiy ??oaiiy, ioe?iea aoaeoeaiino? ??oaiiy.
On? noaae?? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai oi?iae?ciaai? oa ciiaeaeueiaai?, a
aeie-noaie aeai?eoi?a neeaaeathoueny c ianooiii? e?eueeino? aeie?a:
i?aeaioiaea ??oaiiy – 17, a o. /. 13 iino?eieo oa 4 ci?iieo; i?eeiyooy
??oaiiy – 16, a o. /. 12 iino?eieo oa 4 ci?iieo, ?aae?caoe?y ??oaiiy –
13 aeie?a, a o. /. 9 iino?eieo oa 4 ci?iieo.
Cai?iiiiiaaia aeai?eoi?ciaaia oaoiieia?y ae??oaiiy i?iaeai
oi?aa?naeueia, aiia iiaea aeei?enoiaoaaoeny ia ??cieo ??aiyo ???a?o??
oi?aae?iiy ? c iae?eii oeio i?iaeai, ?o ?ici??iino? oa ?ioeo
oa?aeoa?enoee, a oaeiae noa’?eoa oi?aae?iiy ? eii’thieoo?e ?eieo aeaia
oaoiieia?y iiaeeo?eo?oueny a?o/io, aaoiiaoeciaaii aai aaoiiaoe/ii.
AENIIAEE
1. Oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy – iniiaa i?ioeano oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaie/i-i?aei?e?iieoeueei?, a?cianiai?, ainiiaea?nueei? oa
nioe?aeueii-eoeueoo?ii? ae?yeueiino?. Aac ??oaiue ia iiaea aooe
oi?aae?iiy, ai aiie aeeiiothoue iniiaiiieiaei? ooieoe?? oi?aae?inueeiai
aieeao: aiae?oe/i?, ieaiia?, i?aai?coth/?, ?aaoethth/? oa
ioe?ithaaeuei?. ??oaiiy – nooue oa ae?acieee ae?yeueiino?
oi?aae?inueeiai ia?niiaeo i?e ?aae?caoe?? aeiiii?/ieo caeii?a,
caeiiii??iinoae, i?eioeei?a, iaoiae?a ? ooieoe?e oi?aae?iiy.
sse?noue
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue oi?io?oueny, ia aeoieo aaoi?a , /a?ac ?o
aeanoeaino?: ii?aeuei?noue ? aeooiai?noue, oe?eani?yiiaai?noue, iaoeiao
iaa?oioiaai?noue, eiiiaoaioi?noue, aeanoe/i?noue, nai?/ani?noue
i?eeiyooy, ianoia?a/eea?noue oa iaoeiao oi?io aeeeaaeo .
2. A?euei? (niaoe?aeuei?) aeiiii?/i? ciie ? i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaith
oi?iith aoaeoeaiiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy ca ?aooiie noai?aiiy ia?aaeoiia,
iiaeeeainoae oa ?aoe?iiaeueieo oi?i aoaeoeaiiai, eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai
ae??oaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo i?iaeai ca aeiiiiiaith: niaoe?aeueiiai
i?aaiaiai ?aaeeio aeiiii?/ii? ae?yeueiino?; aioo??ainiiaea?nueei? oa
i?aeia?iaeii? ?ioaa?aoe?? eai?oaeo, o?oaeiaeo, iaoa??aeueii-oaoi?/ieo,
i?ioan?iiaeueieo, ?ioaeaeooaeueieo ? eoeueoo?ieo iioaioe?ae?a
ainiiaea?thaaiiy; ?aae?caoe?? iiceoeaiiai aeina?aeo c
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai noa’?eoaie NAC, a oiio /ene?
ca?oa?aeieie; i?aeia?iaeiiai aca?iiaea?aeiiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai;
iaoa??aeueii? caoe?eaaeaiino? o ?acoeueoaoao i?aoe? oa ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai; iaaeaiiy i?euea ? i?ea?ea?a aeey ae?yeueiino? ?iaanoi??a oa
noa’?eo?a ciie c ae??oaiiy ainiiaea?nueeeo i?iaeai; aea/aiiy oa
canoinoaaiiy oaoiieia?e, ?eieiaeo iaoiae?a ainiiaea?thaaiiy;
?aoe?iiaeueii? i?aai?caoe?? ooieoe?iiaeueieo oa caaacia/oth/eo
i?aenenoai nenoaie ae??oaiiy i?iaeai; i?eueaiaiai ?aaeeio oa ??aiy
iiiaeaoeoaaiiy; aeiiii?/ii? naiino?eiino? ae??oaiiy caaaeaiue ca
i?ia?aiaie aeiiii?/iiai oa nioe?aeueiiai ?icaeoeo oi?ioaaiue NAC.
3. Iaeaoaeoeai?oa i?ioean noai?aiiy niaoe?aeueii? (a?eueii?)
aeiiii?/ii? ciie cae?enith?oueny oiae?, eiee a?i oi?iae?ciaaiee,
ciiaeaeueiaaiee, aeai?eoi?ciaaiee oa cai?ia?aiiaaiee. Iaie ?ic?iaeaiee
aeai?eoi noai?aiiy niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo cii. A?i
aeaoae?ciaaiee aeie-noaiaie aeai?eoi?a, oaoiieia?aiaie,
i?ioeaaeo?ia?aiaie, ia?aaeaaeie a?ao?eaie ? iao?eoeyie, ?ioeie
i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueieie caniaaie oa ?ino?oiaioaie. Ie?ai?
i?aenenoaie, iaoai?cie e aeaiaioe nenoaie iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? o
i?aeoe/i?e ae?yeueiino? noa’?eo?a (oi?ioaaiue) niaoe?aeueii? (a?eueii?)
aeiiii?/ii? ciie Oe?a?ie. Aeai?eoi neeaaea? ianooii? aeie-noaie
aeai?eoi?a: aecia/aiiy aeioe?eueiino? noai?aiiy NAC; noai?aiiy
eiioeaioe?? NAC; i?iaeooaaiiy NAC. Aeie-noaia aeai?eoio neeaaea?oueny ?c
120 aeie?a, a o. /. 95 iino?eieo oa 23 ci?iieo.
4. Aoaeoeai?noue oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue – oea ?acoeueoaoeai? iieacieee
i?ney ?aae?caoe?? ??oaiue. Aoaeoeai?noue ??oaiue, ia aeoieo aaoi?a,
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny aeiiii?/iith, i?aai?caoe?eiith, ooieoe?iiaeueiith oa
nioe?aeueii-eoeueoo?iith aoaeoeai?noth. ?ioaa?oth/ei iieacieeii yeino?
oa aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeiai ??oaiiy ? eiai
eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noue. O iaoiaeieia?/iiio oa iaoiaee/iiio a?aeiioaii?
aoaeoeai?noue oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue aecia/a?oueny iieacieeaie, ye?
a?aeia?aaeathoue: ??aaiue aeicaieo i?iaeaiieo neooaoe?e; aoaeoeai?noue
i?ioeano ae??oaiiy i?iaeai; ye?noue
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue; aoaeoeai?noue, eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noue ??oaiue;
ii?aeueio oa nioe?aeueii-eoeueoo?io aoaeoeai?noue i?ioeano aeicaieo
i?iaeai, a oaeiae i?eeiyoeo ? ?aae?ciaaieo ??oaiue. Eiie?aoieie
iieacieeaie aoaeoeaiino? ??oaiue ? eiao?oe??ioe: aeicaieo
i?iaeaiieo neooaoe?e,
?aoe?iiaeueiino? e?eueeino? i?eeiyoeo ??oaiue, ooieoe?iiaeueii?
no?oeoo?e ??oaiue, ?aae?caoe?? i?eeiyoeo ??oaiue, nai?/aniino?
?ica’ycaiiy i?iaeai, o?oaeii?noeino? ??oaiue, aeiiii?/iino? ??oaiue,
i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueii? aoaeoeaiino? i?ioeano ae??oaiiy i?iaeai,
ii?aeueiino? oa aeooiaiino? oi?aae?inueeiai oeeeeo, ae?eniino? oa
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? ??oaiue.
5. Ea??aieee i?aei?e?inoa oa ia’?aeiaiue uiaeaiii ae?iaeythoue 15 –
25 ??oaiue, ?io? i?aoe?aieee aia?aoo oi?aae?iiy a?ae 10 aei 35 ??oaiue.
I?e aeanyoeaaeueiiio ioe?ithaaii? yeino? ??oaiue oeae iieaciee c ??cieo
aeanoeainoae yeino? ??oaiue eieeaa?oueny a?ae 6,5 aei 8,8 aaea. I?e
oeueiio eiao?oe??io ?aae?caoe?? i?eeiyoeo ??oaiue a
i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaeo oi?ioaaiiyo ia?iaeiiai ainiiaea?noaa, ye?
aeine?aeaeothoueny, eieeaa?oueny a?ae 0,6 aei 0,85. Iaeii/anii aaeeea
ieoiia aaaa ?eceeiaaieo oa iaaecia/aieo i?iaeaiieo neooaoe?e
caeeoa?oueny iaaecia/aiith.
Iaaaaeaiee aiae?c ae??oaiiy i?iaeai iieacaa, ui ia i?aei?e?inoaao ?
ia’?aeiaiiyo ?niothoue cia/i? ?aca?ae i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue, aea a ieo ?aoe?iiaeueii? nenoaie ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai nueiaiaei? ua ia noai?aii.
6. Aaaeeeaith oiiaith aoaeoeaiiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy NAC, ?? noa’?eo?a oa
oi?ioaaiue aenooia? noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio ae??oaiiy i?iaeai ia iniia?
aeiaa?oaiino? caeiiiaeaanoaa i?i NAC oa noai?aiiy anainyaeii?
caeiiiaeaa/i? aace aeey aoaeoeaii? ae?yeueiino?; i?aeaioiaea ea??aiee?a
? niaoe?ae?no?a, caeaoieo aoaeoeaii ae??ooaaoe i?iaeaii? neooaoe?? o NAC
oa iino?eia i?aeaeuaiiy ?o eaae?o?eaoe??; ?aoe?iiae?caoe?y aea?aeaaiiai,
i?aai?caoe?eiiai oa oi?aae?inueeiai ?aaeaiaiooaaiiy ooieoe?iioaaiiy NAC;
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aeia?iaeieo ii?i, ii?iaoea?a ? noaiaea?o?a i?aai?caoe??
oa oi?aae?iiy; i?aeaeuaiiy eoeueoo?e a?ciano, ianeoaiaoaaiiy ?
ainiiaea?thaaiiy.
Aeey ?aae?caoe?? oe??? oace ?ic?iaeai? i?ia?aiii-oe?eueiaa no?oeoo?a
oi?aae?iiy a aa?ii?iieneiaiio ia’?aeiaii? “Ianaiae?a”, iinaaeiaa
ooieoe?iiaeueia iiaeaeue ea??aieea noa’?eo?a oa oi?ioaaiue NAC ?
aeie-noaia aeai?eoio noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio.
7. I?e oaoiieiaoaaii? i?ioeano ae??oaiiy i?iaeai ie?aneai? noaae??,
iia?aoe??, iaoiaee oa ae??. Oaoiieia?y iiae?ey?oueny ia 3 noaae??:
i?aeaioiaea ??oaiiy, yea neeaaea?oueny c 3 iia?aoe?e oa 23 iaoiae?a;
i?eeiyooy ??oaiiy i?aaenoaaeaii 3 iia?aoe?yie oa 27 iaoiaeaie;
?aae?caoe?y ??oaiiy ia?
4 iia?aoe?? oa 29 iaoiae?a. I?ioean i?aeaioiaee, i?eeiyooy oa
?aae?caoe?? oi?aae?inueeiai ??oaiiy aeai?eoi?ciaaii.
Oey oaoiieia?y iiaea canoiniaoaaoeny ye ia aa?oi?o ???a?o?/ieo ??aiyo,
oae ? o oi?ioaaiiyo iaeiai a?ciano, iiaeeo?eo?oueny c iae?eii ia’?eoa,
noa’?eoa oi?aae?iiy oa ?eieiai? eii’thieoo?e.
8. Iniiaiee oeyo i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue – oea
noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai. No?aoaa?/ieie iai?yieaie ?aoe?iiaeueii? i?aai?caoe?? oa
aaeineiiaeaiiy oe??? nenoaie a niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo
ciiao ?:
– ?icaeoie iaoee oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai oa i?aeaeuaiiy
eoeueoo?ii-i?ioan?eiiai, ?ioaeaeooaeueiiai ? aeooiaiiai iioaioe?aeo
i?aoe?aiee?a nenoaie;
– i?aeaeuaiiy /ooeeaino?, ni?eeiyooy oa aaeaioiaaiino? nenoaie aei
ae?aeaeoeee ?eieiai? eii’thieoo?e, iiieoo niiaeeaa/?a, ni?eyiiy
?iaanoeoe?eiei i?iaeoai, ?ioaeaeooaeueiiio na?a?no, aeeiai?oe?
ciai?oiueioi?aiaaeueii? ae?yeueiino? oa i?aeia?iaeiiio a?ciania?;
– caaacia/aiiy naiii?aai?caoe??, naii?aaoethaaiiy oa naiioi?aae?iiy
nenoaie;
– oi?ioaaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai
iaoai?cio ae??oaiiy i?iaeai;
– iiaeaeueoa oi?o?eaoe?y, oi?iae?caoe?y, iiaeaethaaiiy ?ioi?iaoe??,
iaoai?caoe?y oa aaoiiaoecaoe?y ?? ci?iaiiy, ?a?no?aoe??, ia?iaee,
ia?aoai?aiiy oa aiae?co, oiaoi noai?aiiy iaoeiai iaa?oioiaaii? nenoaie
?ioi?iaoeee;
– ?ic?iaea iiaeo oaoiieia?e ae??oaiiy i?iaeai c oe?ieei aeei?enoaiiyi
ethaenueeiai oa ooo/iiai ?ioaeaeoo;
– aaeineiiaeaiiy oa iaoaiaoe/ia caaacia/aiiy ae??oaiiy oi?aae?inueeeo
i?iaeai;
– i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy ?aae?caoe?? caaaeueiiethaenueeeo oe?iiinoae,
aeei?enoaiiy ae?aeaoeee, nioe?aeueii? ineoieia??, a?cianiaiai
ienoaoeoaiciaanoaa oa ?ioeo iai?yie?a aoiai?oi?ieia?? ainiiaea?thaaiiy o
niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo) aeiiii?/ieo ciiao.
Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaai? a oaeeo i?aoeyo:
1. O?ai/oe ?.A. Oai?aoe/i? iniiae nenoaie oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai o niaoe?aeueieo aeiiii?/ieo ciiao // A?niee Oe?a?inueei?
Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie.- 1998.- ?
4.- N.115-118.
2. O?ai/oe ?.A. Noai?aiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai iaoai?cio a NAC // Eiiaiaei?: a?niee
aea?aeaaiiai neoaeaiaoey Oe?a?ie.- 1999.- ? 2.- N.10-12.
3. O?ai/oe ?.A. Nenoaia oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai o a?eueieo
aeiiii?/ieo ciiao (AAC): Ca??iee iaoeiaeo i?aoeue Oe?a?inueei?
Aeaaeai?? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie / Ca caa.
?aae. A.?. Eoaiaiai, A.I. Eiyc?aa.- E.: Aeae-ai OAAeO,
1998.- Aei. 2.- N.289-291.
4. O?ai/oe E.A. Naiaiaeiua (niaoeeaeueiua) yeiiiie/aneea ciiu: aeai?eoi
nicaeaiey. – Neioa?iiieue: E?uineay aeaaeaiey aoiaieoa?iuo iaoe, 1998. –
40 n.
5. O?ai/oe E.A. I?aaiecaoeeiiii-oi?aaeai/aneee iaoaieci ?aoaiey i?iaeai
a oi?ie?iaaieyo naiaiaeiie (niaoeeaeueiie) yeiiiie/aneie ciiu. –
Neioa?iiieue: E?uineay aeaaeaiey aoiaieoa?iuo iaoe, 1998. – 32 n.
6. I?aaeoi A.I., O?ai/oe E.A. Ooieoeee iaiaaeaeiaioa // Iaiaaeaea? a
nenoaia aa?iaeciana. – Neioa?iiieue: E?uineay aeaaeaiey aoiaieoa?iuo
iaoe, 1998. – N. 9-31. – Aaoi?nueeeo 10 n.
7. O?ai/oe E.A. Eiieo?aioiniiniaiia ?aoaiea i?iaeai ia iniiaa
eiiia?aoeee e eioaa?aoeee a NYC // Iaoa?. ana?inneeneie
iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneie eiioa?aioeee “Eiiia?aoeey e eioaa?aoeey
aa?ii?iiuoeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa”. – Na?aoia: OeIOE, 1998. – N. 50-51.
8. Aaniaeia A.A., O?ai/oe E.A., I?aaeoi A.I. Ii?aaeaeaiea ia?eaoeiaiaie
no?aoaaee eiieo?aioeee // Iaoa?. iaaeaeoia?iaeiie iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneie
eiioa?aioeee “?acaeoea iao/iiai ianeaaeey aeaaeaieea I.E. Aaaeeiaa”. –
Na?aoia: Naeueneioicyenoaaiiay aeaaeaiey, 1997 – N. 15-17.- Aaoi?nueeeo
1n.
9. Ia?oo I.A., Ia?/aiei A.?., Eeeiaiei A.A., O?ai/oe ?.A.,
Ceeueaa?ia N.A. I?ia?aia noai?aiiy ? ooieoe?iioaaiiy niaoe?aeueii?
aeiiii?/ii? ciie “I?aaeaiiee aa?aa E?eio” (NAC IEA) // Na?aeioeoai i?i
aea?aeaaio ?a?no?aoe?th i?aa aaoi?a ia oa?? IA ? 1606.- 1998.- 11
a?oaeiy.
AIIOAOe?ss
O?ai/oe ?. A. Niaoe?aeueia aeiiii?/ia ciia: Aoaeoeai?noue i?eeiyooy
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaoe c
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 25.00.05 – aaeocaaa
oi?aae?iiy: oi?aae?iiy aeiiii?eith. – Oe?a?inueea Aeaaeai?y aea?aeaaiiai
oi?aae?iiy i?e I?aceaeaioia? Oe?a?ie, Ee?a, 1999.
Aeena?oaoe?y i?noeoue ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy ??aiy aoaeoeaiino?
oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue o ??ciiiai?oieo aeiiii?/ieo oi?ioaaiiyo
Aaoiiiiii? ?anioae?ee E?ei. ?ic?iaeaii nenoaio oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai. Ciiaeaeueiaai? aeai?eoie noai?aiiy niaoe?aeueieo (a?eueieo)
aeiiii?/ieo cii, ?aoe?iiae?caoe?? i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeiai
iaoai?cio oa oaoiieia?? ae??oaiiy i?iaeai. Aeyaeai? iniiai? oeyoe
i?aeaeuaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? nenoai oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy
i?iaeai oa ??oaiue, ui ae?iaeythoueny.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: oi?aae?inuee? ??oaiiy, a?euei? (niaoe?aeuei?) aeiiii?/i?
ciie, nenoaia oi?aae?inueeiai ae??oaiiy i?iaeai,
i?aai?caoe?eii-oi?aae?inueeee iaoai?ci, eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noue,
oaoiieia?y ae??oaiiy i?iaeai, aeie-noaia aeai?eoio.
AIIIOAOeEss
O?ai/oe E.A. Niaoeeaeueiay yeiiiie/aneay ciia: Yooaeoeaiinoue i?eiyoey
oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa iaoe ii
ainoaea?noaaiiiio oi?aaeaieth ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 25.00.05 – io?aneaaia
oi?aaeaiea: oi?aaeaiea yeiiiieeie. – Oe?aeineay Aeaaeaiey
ainoaea?noaaiiiai oi?aaeaiey i?e I?aceaeaioa Oe?aeiu, Eeaa, 1999.
Aeenna?oaoeey niaea?aeeo ?acoeueoaou enneaaeiaaiey o?iaiy yooaeoeaiinoe
oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee a ?acee/iuo i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo
oi?ie?iaaieyo Aaoiiiiiie ?anioaeeee E?ui. ?ac?aaioaia nenoaia
oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey i?iaeai. Niiaeaee?iaaiu aeai?eoiu nicaeaiey
niaoeeaeueiuo (naiaiaeiuo) yeiiiie/aneeo cii, ?aoeeiiaeecaoeee
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oi?aaeai/aneiai iaoaiecia e oaoiieiaee ?aoaiey i?iaeai.
Auyaeaiu iniiaiua iooe iiauoaiey eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoe nenoaiu
oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey i?iaeai e au?aaaouaaaiuo ?aoaiee.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey, naiaiaeiua (niaoeeaeueiua)
yeiiiie/aneea ciiu, nenoaia oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey i?iaeai,
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oi?aaeai/aneee iaoaieci, eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoue,
oaoiieiaey ?aoaiey i?iaeai, aeie-noaia aeai?eoia.
ANNOTATION
Igor Franchuk. Special economic zone: effectiveness of administrative
decision making. – Manuscript.
The Thesis for a Candidate of Sciences Degree (Public Administration) by
specialty 25.00.05 – management of Specific Sector of Public
Administration: Economic Policy. – Ukrainian Academy of Public
Administration, Office of the President of Ukraine, Kyiv, 1999.
The Thesis contains the research results of the administrative solutions
efficiency level in various creations of the national economy of
Standalone Republic of the Crimea. The system of administrative solution
of problems and technique of definition of administrative solutions
efficiency in special economic zones are developed. Essence and contents
of the system of administrative problems solution theoretically is
reasoned. Creation of the effective organizational and administrative
mechanism of problems solution in creations of special (free) economic
zones scientifically is justified.
The algorithms of creation of special (free) economic zones,
rationalization of the organizational and administrative mechanism and
problems solution technology are simulated. The main ways of increase of
competitiveness of the administrative problems solutions of the system
are revealed.
The theoretical and methodical bases, which are developed in the thesis,
were used during the analysis of modern level of administrative
solutions efficiency in economic structures, recommendations for
increase of administrative solutions efficiency, approbation and
introduction them in business – activity are elaborated.
The business portrait of the SEZ chief and its subjects is developed,
the organizational and functional efficiency of the joint forms of
problems solution is determined, the sociological methods of the
solutions substantiation, practical technology of solution of problems
are used.
Key words: administrative solutions, free (special) economic zones,
system of administrative solution of problems, organizational and
administrative mechanism, competitiveness, technology of problems
solution, block diagram of algorithm.
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