2
IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE
?INOEOOO AEIIII?EE I?IIENEIAINO?
OAeE 65.01:65.012.2
OAAeOEIAA ETHAIA ?AAI?AIA
NENOAIIA OI?AAE?IIss I?AeI?E?INOAII
IA INIIA? I?AAI?CAOe?EII_AEIIII?*IEO IIAeAEAE
Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.06.01- aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe
Aeiiaoeuee – 1998
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Oe?a?inueeiio aea?aeaaiiio ii?nueeiio oaoi?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao? I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie (i.Ieeiea?a)
Iaoeiaee eiinoeueoaio – aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Ieoaeeaiei A?eoi? Iaoiae?eiae/, Oe?a?inueei-o?inueeee ?inoeooo
iaiaaeaeiaioo ? a?ciano, i?i?aeoi? c iaoeiai? ?iaioe
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe Aoe??a ?aai Iao?iae/,
?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie, (i.Aeiiaoeuee), i?ia?aeiee
iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee a?aeae?eo i?iaeai ?aa?iiaeueii? iie?oeee;
aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Ai?io?ia Ethaeieea ?aai?aia,
caa?aeoth/a eaoaae?ith oi?aae?iiy oa aeiiii?ee i?aei?e?inoaa Ee?anueeiai
Iaoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i.O.Oaa/aiea;
aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Iai/aiei ?aaai A?eai?iae/, aeeiiaa/ee
aee?aeoi? I?aeia?iaeii? oeiee a?ciano i?e Iaoe?iiaeueiiio oi?aa?neoao?
“Ee?ai-Iiaeeyinueea aeaaeai?y” (i.Ee?a)
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa – Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee aeiiii?/iee ?inoeooo, a?aeae?e
eiiieaenieo ?iaeai ae?iaieoeoaa, I?i?noa?noai aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie (i.Ee?a)
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny 17 a?oaeiy 1998 ?. i 10-00 aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 11.151.01 ?inoeoooo aeiiii?ee
i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048, Aeiiaoeuee, aoe.
Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo aeiiii?ee
i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 340048, Aeiiaoeuee, aoe.
Oi?aa?neoaonueea, 77.
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee 14 eenoiiaaea 1998 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Iieeiinueeee O.TH.
CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. A no/anieo oiiaao, eiee iino?eii ci?ith?oueny
ciai?oi? na?aaeiaeua, oneeaaeiththoueny oaoiieia?? ? noathoue a?eueo
??ciiiai?oieie oe?e? i?aei?e?inoaa, aaeeeiianooaaia ae?iaieoeoai
iaaaoeaii iicia/a?oueny ia caaaeueiiio noaiiaeu? i?aei?e?inoaa.
A?aenoae? i?ae?icae?ee oyaiooue iaiec caei?ia?, ?ia?oieee a?aeie?aieai?
a?ae ?acoeueoao?a nai?? i?aoe?, ae?yeuei?noue aaee/aciiai /enea
oi?aae?ioe?a na?aaeiuei? eaiee iaaoaeoeaia, ? aaeeea e?euee?noue neaai
eiio?ieueiaaieo aeo?ao – ona oea iciaee ae?yeueiino? aaeeeeo
i?aei?e?inoa ? i?e/eie iaae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaa a oe?eiio. Oiio no?oeoo?ia
ia?aaoaeiaa ae?iaieoeoaa ?, ia?o ca ana, nenoaie oi?aae?iiy iei noa? ana
a?eueo iaa?aeeeaaeiei caaaeaiiyi.
A oeeo oiiaao aeioe?eueii canoinoaaiiy nenoaiieo i?eioeei?a no/aniiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo aeey noai?aiiy i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ii? iiaeae?
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii oa aaeaioaoe?? ?? ia i?aeoeoe?. Oe?
i?eioeeie oae?:
aeaoeaio?ae?caoe?y aa?oeeaeueieo no?oeoo? ? iineeaiiy ai?eciioaeueieo
ca’yce?a,
ye? caaacia/oaaee a oe?eani?yiiaaio aeoea?caoe?th ae?yeueiino? ethaeae;
i???ioaoe?y iaiaaeaeiaioo ia ia i?ioeane ae?yeueiino?, a ia e?ioeaa?
?acoeueoaoe;
ii?aeiaiiy ca aeiiiiiaith neioaco a /an? ? i?inoi?? iaoiae?a ? i?ioean?a
oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth ? i?aai?caoe??, oi?aae?iiy ia?niiaeii oa
oi?aae?iiy ca’yceaie ca iaaeaie i?aai?caoe?? aeey iiiaeaiiy
ae?iaieoeoaa;
aoaeoeaia ii?aeiaiiy i’yoe /eiiee?a ae?iaieoeoaa: eai?oaeo, iaoa??ae?a,
?ioi?iaoe??, ethaeae ? i?aai?caoe??, aieiaiei c yeeo ? ethaeeia;
i?aai?caoe?y nenoaiaoe/iiai eiio?ieth ca noaiii on?o aeaiaio?a
iaiaaeaeiaioo ia aac? cai?ioiiai ca’yceo i?ae ia’?eoii ? noa’?eoii
oi?aae?iiy;
ye?nia ii?aeiaiiy naii?icaeoeo, a?oiiai? ae?yeueiino?, ae?eiai?
aeoeaiino?, ianiaiai iiaaoi?noaa, ye? a caaacia/oaaee ye?noue ?iaioe,
i?iaeoeoe?? ?, acaaae?, aoaeoeai?noue i?aei?e?inoaa;
oaeaeea ?aaaoaaiiy ia a?aeoeeaiiy ye caaeia?euei?, oae ? iacaaeia?euei?
oa ioe?iea i?e oeueiio eiia?oe?eieo ? ooieoe?iiaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a
?iaioe i?aei?e?inoaa;
aeoea?caoe?y ?iiiaaoe?eii? ?iaioe c iaoith iaieiae?iiy iiaeie i?oaie
?eieo ia iniia? aeiiii?/ii? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?.
Ne?ae a?aei?oeoe, ui nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei noai?aiiy no/anii?
i?aai?caoe?? ca i?eioeeiaie iaiaaeaeiaioo ia a?o/eciyieo ae?iaie/eo
i?aei?e?inoaao canoiniao?oueny aeoaea iia?eueieie oaiiaie, a a aeayeeo
aeiaaeeao ?aii?o?oueny cian?i (/a?ac iaciaiiy oa a?aenooi?noue
iaoiaeieia?? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy).
No/ani? ci?ie a nenoai? iaiaaeaeiaioo iia’ycai? c aeeaieeie e?eciaeie
yaeuaie a noa?? oi?aae?iiy. ?, ia?o ca ana, aoaeoeaii i?aoethaaoe
caaaaea? a?aenooi?noue iiaiai ieneaiiy ea??aiee?a on?o eaiie
ae?iaieoeoaa. Oa aei?noea nenoaia “?aoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy”, yea iaea
ia iao? a?aie/ii oii?yaeeoaaoe oa ?aaeaiaiooaaoe i?aai?caoe?th ? o?
i?ioeane, ui a i?e a?aeaoaathoueny, noaea caaaaeaoe aeinyaiaiith
noaa?eueiino? oa no?eeino? ae?yeueiino? ae?iaie/eo iaeeieoeue.
Ia nueiaiaei? caaaeaiiy iaiaaeaeiaioo iieyaa? a noai?aii? aaeaioeaieo,
oaeaeei?aaaoth/eo oi?aae?inueeeo iaoai?ci?a, a iaiaaeaea?a – a
?aae?caoe?? eiiieaenieo ? nenoaiieo i?aeoiae?a.
?icaeyae iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa ye neeaaeii? nenoaie
aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy, aeicaiey? ona?aeiieoe aioo??oi? oa
ciai?oi? aaaeae? ?aaoethaaiiy on??? ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino? a oe?eiio ?,
oaeei /eiii, aeinyaoe ?o caaeainiaaiino? a oiiaao i?ieeaino? ?eieiaiai
ioi/aiiy.
Aeey noai?aiiy no/anii? nenoaie ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo a?o/eciyieo
i?aei?e?inoa iaiao?aeiee /?oeee, iaoeiaiiaa?oioiaaiee iaoiaeieia?/iee
aia?ao, yae?ii yeiai iiaeiia noaoe no?aoaa?y i?aei?e?inoaa, noai?aia ia
iniia? iiaeeaeaiiai aeiiii?/iiai aiae?co oa i?iaiicoaaii? c
iaia’yceiaith iiaoaeiaith ??ciiiai?oieo iiaeaeae iiaaae?iee ye on???
nenoaie a oe?eiio, oae ? ie?aieo ?? i?aenenoai.
Ioaea, i?aeoe/ia iio?aaa oeeo caaaeaiue coiiaeth? aeooaeuei?noue
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aea?aiee
iai?yiie aeine?aeaeaiiy iia’ycaiee c iaoeiaith i?ia?aiith Oe?a?inueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai ii?nueeiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (OAeIOO) I?i?noa?noaa
ina?oe Oe?a?ie (i. Ieeiea?a) “Iaoeiai-iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe aeiiii?/ii?
i?aeo?eiee ainiiaea?nueeeo ?aoi?i o noaeiiaoaeoaaii?”, i?ia?aiith c
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??, caoaa?aeaeaiith Aeaia?oaiaioii noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy
I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie; c iaoeiaeie oaiaie
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo “Oeaio?”: “?ic?iaea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
ooieoe?iiaeueii-aeai?eoi?/ii? iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy
i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieie nenoaiaie”, “?ic?iaea oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
iiaeaeae no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoi?/ieie nenoaiaie a
no/anieo oiiaao ainiiaea?thaaiiy”, caoaa?aeaeaieie iaeacii I?i?noa?noaa
i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie; c i?iaeoii i?ia?aie TACIS EDUK 9301
“I?aeo?eiea ia?ai?aeaioiaee oa i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy io?oea??a, ca?eueiaieo
a caian”.
Iaoith aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? ?ic?iaea iaoiaeieia?/ieo iieiaeaiue ?
ae??oaiiy eiiieaeno caaaeaiue, ui caaacia/othoue ia oe?e iniia?
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii,
oi?ioaaiiy ?aoe?iiaeueieo no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue oa noai?aiiy no/anii?
i?aai?caoe??, caeaoii? ooieoe?iioaaoe a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ioi/aiiy.
A?aeiia?aeii aei iinoaaeaii? iaoe noi?ioeueiaaii oa ae??oothoueny oae?
caaaeaiiy:
i?aaenoaaeaiiy i?iaeaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii ye nenoaie
c aeae?eaiiyi iciae?a oa ca’yce?a ia ??cieo ??aiyo;
aiae?c i?aeoiae?a aei iiaeaethaaiiy i?ioean?a oi?aae?iiy c iiceoe?e
i?eioeei?a no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo;
iiaoaeiaa i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo iiaeaeae ooieoe?iiaeueieo
(i?iaeaiieo) iaiaaeaeiaio?a ye i?aenenoaie aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith ae?yeuei?noth;
?ic?iaea aeai?eoi?a oi?aae?iiy ie?aieie aeaeaie ae?yeueiino? aeey
aaoiiaoecaoe?? oeeo i?ioean?a oa i?aeaeuaiiy ?o aoaeoeaiino?;
noai?aiiy nenoaie ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy ooieoe?iioaaiiy
no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ye i?ia?aeii? oa aecia/aeueii? i?aenenoaie
ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo;
?ic?iaea iaoiae?a ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo
i?aei?e?inoaa i?e noai?aii? no/anii? i?aai?caoe??.
I?aaeiao ? ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe ? i?iaeaie nenoaiiiai oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei
i?aei?e?inoaii a oiiaao noai?aiiy ?eieiaeo a?aeiinei. Ia’?eoii
aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aii noaeiiaoae?ai? oa ?io? i?iieneia? i?aei?e?inoaa
iaoeiiaoae?aiiai eiiieaeno Oe?a?ie.
Iaoiaeieia?y oa iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/iith ? iaoiaeieia?/iith
iniiaith i?iaaaeaiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy noaee iieiaeaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
oai???, oai??? no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, ?iaioe a/aieo-aeiiii?no?a,
oao?aoe?a a aaeoc? oai??? oa i?aeoeee oi?aae?iiy.
Aeey ae??oaiiy iinoaaeaieo caaaeaiue ia i?aenoaa? nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo
aeei?enoaii iaoiaee aeiiii?/iiai aiae?co, oai??? ianiaiai
ianeoaiaoaaiiy, oai??? eiia??iino?, e?i?eiiai i?ia?aioaaiiy,
?i?oaoe?eiiai iiaeaethaaiiy, nenoaiiiai aiae?co, iiaeaeue oi?aae?iiy
oiaa?ieie caianaie, “aea?aai ??oaiue”, iaoiae aenia?oieo ioe?iie,
oaoi?ea noeaia???a, iaoiae SWOT-aiae?co oa ?ioa.
sse ?ioi?iaoe?eia aaca aoee aeei?enoai? aeai? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue ia eiie?aoieo ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoaao c ianooiiith
noaoenoe/iith ia?iaeith ?acoeueoao?a.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a ?ic?iaoe? nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo o ae??oaii? i?iaeaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii c
iiceoe?e i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo iiaeaeae no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, ui
ia? aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy aeey ?aae?caoe?? eiiieaeno caaaeaiue, iia’ycaieo
?c no?oeoo?iith ia?aaoaeiaith (?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??th) i?iieneiaeo
i?aei?e?inoa, i?aeaeuaiiyi aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa a oiiaao ?eieo,
aeoiaeii ia ye?nii iiaee ??aaiue ?icaeoeo.
Oea ciaeoei a?aeaeooy o ?icaeoeo iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith
nenoaiith ia ??ai? ooieoe?iiaeueieo i?aenenoai (ooieoe?iiaeueieo
iaiaaeaeiaio?a), no?oeoo?oaaii? ie?aieo aeae?a iaiaaeaeiaioo,
iiaeaethaaii? iaoai?cio ooieoe?iioaaiiy i?iaeaiieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a ye
ea?oth/eo, oae ? ea?iaaieo ia’?eo?a noiniaii aieeao ioi/oth/iai
na?aaeiaeua c iaoith i?iaiicoaaiiy iiaeeeaeo ae?e a?aeiia?aeii aei
iio?aa ?eieo.
Aeey ae??oaiiy oe??? i?iaeaie aeeiiaii:
noai?aii no/anio iaoiaeieia?th oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii i?e aaeaioaoe??
aei ?eieiaeo oiia, canoinoaaiiy yei? ni?eyoeia ye?niei ia?aoai?aiiyi
ae?iaie/eo i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa oa aeicaieeoue /?oei aecia/eoe
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ?o ooieoe?iioaaiiy. A iaaeao oaei?
iaoiaeieia??:
aia?oa ?ic?iaeaii eiioeaioe?th ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo ye nenoaie
aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy ae?yeuei?noth i?iieneiaiai
i?aei?e?inoaa, ui aeicaieeea aecia/eoe eiai ye?ni? oa?aeoa?enoeee:
no?oeoo?e, ooieoe??, i?aai?caoe?ei? oi?ie, i?io?eue aeiia, iien iinaaee
ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaea?a;
aia?oa ?ic?iaeaii ai?eciioaeueii-aa?oeeaeueio ?iaa??aioio no?oeoo?o
ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo, iniiao yei? neeaaeathoue ooieoe?iiaeuei?
iaiaaeaeiaioe, ui ae??oothoue i?iaeaie ia ??aiyo “i?aei?e?inoai a
oe?eiio – ae?iaie/a no?oeoo?a (a?aeae?e) – ?iai/a i?noea iia?aoe?eiiai
iaiaaeaea?a” oa ?ice?eaathoue nooue ae?yeueiino? ? no?aoaa?th iiaaae?iee
i?aei?e?inoaa, a?aoiaoth/e ci?ie aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei, iaiao?aei?noue
i?enoinoaaiiy ae?iaie/i? nenoaie aei ci?i ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua,
caaaeaiiy i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa;
?ic?iaeaii caaaeueio iiaeaeue nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo i?iieneiaiai
i?aei?e?inoaa oa aecia/aii ?? no?oeoo?o a?aeiia?aeii aei aioo??oi?o oa
ciai?oi?o i?iaeai, ye? iiaeiii ae??ooaaoe i?aei?e?inoai ia oeyoo
aeinyaiaiiy nai?o oe?eae, ui ? iniiaith no/anii? iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy
i?aei?e?inoaii, a oeaio?? oaaae yei? – nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae;
noai?aii i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iiaeae? ooieoe?iiaeueieo (i?iaeaiieo)
iaiaaeaeiaio?a: no?aoaa?/iiai, ia?eaoeia-iaiaaeaeiaioo, eaae?iaiai,
o?iainiaiai, ?iiiaaoe?eiiai, aeieia?/iiai, ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oa
iia?aoe?eiiai c a?aeiia?aeiith no?oeoo?ith: iie?oeea, i?aai?caoe?y,
ooieoe??, aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci, e?eoa??? ?acoeueoaoeaiino?, ui nooo?ai
iiaeeaeth? oa aaeineiiaeth? iiiyooy “ae?iaie/a nenoaia” i?aei?e?inoaa oa
aeaco? iai?yie ?? ae?yeueiino? a ?eieiaeo oiiaao;
aeaoaeueii ?ice?eoi iaoai?ci ae?yeueiino? i?aenenoaie iia?aoe?eiiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo (oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii): iia?aoeaiiai
oi?aae?iiy, oi?aae?iiy oiaa?ieie ?ano?naie, o?oaeiaeie ?ano?naie,
ye?noth oa i?iaeoeoeai?noth, yeee aeicaiey? eiiieaenii oi?aaeyoe
aaciina?aaeiuei ainiiaea?nueeith ae?yeuei?noth i?aei?e?inoaa, ui
iniaeeai aaaeeeai i?e i?iaaaeaii? ?icoe?oiiaiiy aaeeeeo i?aei?e?inoa oa
noai?aii? aoaeoeaieo a?cian-iaeeieoeue;
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeee oa aeai?eoie oi?aae?iiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth
i?iaeoeoe??, oi?aae?iiy aeo?aoaie oa oi?aae?iiy aoaeeoi?nueeith
ae?yeuei?noth ia i?aei?e?inoa?, ui aeicaiey? nenoaiaoecoaaoe oe? aeaee
ae?yeueiino? oa ca aeiiiiiaith no/anieo ?ioi?iaoe?eieo oaoiieia?e
i?aeaeueoe ?o aoaeoeai?noue ? ?acoeueoaoeai?noue;
icia/aii i?eioeeie ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy on?o aeae?a
ooieoe?iiaeueieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a ye aace aeey noai?aiiy ?aeeii?
?ioi?iaoe?eii? nenoaie i?iieneiaiai i?aei?e?inoaa;
?ic?iaeaii eiiieaenio eiii’thoa?io nenoaio i?aeo?eiee i?eeiyooy ??oaiue
aeey no?aoaa?/iiai oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaa (AAe?N – Aaei?i?no?aoeaia
?ioi?iaoe?eia Nenoaia), yea aeicaiey? eiie?aoecoaaoe oi?aae?inuee? ae??
a o?e /e ?io?e i?iaeaii?e aaeoc? i?iieneiaiai i?aei?e?inoaa oa i?aeaeuo?
?o iia?aoeai?noue ? aoaeoeai?noue;
?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeee ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? iaiaaeaeiaioo ia ??aiyo
i?aai?caoe?eieo ooieoe?e oa ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiai? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo
i?aei?e?inoaa a oe?eiio aeey aecia/aiiy aeioe?eueiino? canoinoaaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eieo ?iiiaaoe?e o ae?iaie/eo nenoaiao a oiiaao aaeaioaoe??
aei ?eieiaeo oiia;
aecia/aii i?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe ?icoe?oiiaiiy
i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa (ia i?eeeaae? noaeiiaoae?aii? aaeoc?), ye?
aeacothoue ia aoaeoeai? oeyoe i?iaaaeaiiy ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? ye
no?aoaa?/iiai iai?yio ?icaeoeo oa iaa?oioiaothoue iaoai?ci ??
cae?eniaiiy.
Iaoeiaa cia/aiiy aeine?aeaeaiue neeaaea?oueny ?c iniiaieo iieiaeaiue
?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii a oiiaao
aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo oiia c aeei?enoaiiyi i?eioeei?a nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo.
I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?acoeueoaoe aeeiiaii?
?iaioe ciaeoee i?aeoe/ia canoinoaaiiy ia ??cieo aoaiao oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii, a oaeiae i?e noai?aii? iiaeo i?aai?caoe?eieo
no?oeoo? oa iiaeaeae i?aei?e?inoaa, caeaoieo ooieoe?iioaaoe a oiiaao
?eieo:
iaoiaeeeo oi?aae?iiy ani?oeiaioii i?iaeoeoe?? oeyoii iioei?caoe??
ia?aiao??a ?? iiaoaeiae ai?iaaaeaeaii a Oeaio?aeueiiio
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiio ?inoeooo? ii ia?a?iaoe? ooaiaeueieo aieieii
(OeIAe?OA), i. Eae?i?i;
iaoiaeieia?th noai?aiiy no/anii? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei
i?aei?e?inoaii aoei canoiniaaii i?e ?ic?iaoe? i?iaeoo ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
noaeiiaoae?aieo caaiae?a ca iaeacii Aeaia?oaiaioo noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy
I?i?noa?noaa i?iieneiai? iie?oeee Oe?a?ie – aeo i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
?acoeueoao?a a?ae 1.10.1997 ?., caoaa?aeaeaiee AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee
caaiae “Ieaai” oa OAeIOO;
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iiaeae? ooieoe?iiaeueieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a aoei
ai?iaaaeaeaii i?e i?iaaaeaii? ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee
caaiae “Ieaai”, i. Ieeiea?a;
aeai?eoi oi?aae?iiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth i?iaeoeoe?? aoa
ai?iaaaeaeaiee i?e ?ic?iaoe? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ye?noth i?iaeoeoe?? o
AAO “Aeaaoi?” oa o AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai”, i. Ieeiea?a –
aeo i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a a?ae 1.10.1997 ?., caoaa?aeaeaiee
AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai” oa OAeIOO;
aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci ooieoe?iioaaiiy ie?aieo no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?e?a
ye oeaio??a o?iainiai? a?aeiia?aeaeueiino? (OeOA) aoa ai?iaaaeaeaiee ia
II “A?a”, i. Ieeiea?a;
?ioi?iaoe?eia oa i?ia?aiia caaacia/aiiy ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie
no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo (“AAe?N”) aoei ai?iaaaeaeaii a i?aeoeeo ANOA
AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai” – aeo i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy
?acoeueoao?a a?ae 1.10.1997 ?., caoaa?aeaeaiee AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee
caaiae “Ieaai” oa OAeIOO.
oai?aoe/i? oa iaoiaee/i? iaoa??aee aoei canoiniaaii i?e ?ic?iaoe?
iaoeiaeo oai AAO “IAe? “Oeaio?” ca iaeacii I?i?noa?noaa
iaoeiiaoaeoaaiiy, a?enueeiai-i?iieneiaiai eiiieaeno oa eiiaa?n?? Oe?a?ie
– aeia?aeeo i?i ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeaeaii AAO
“Iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo “Oeaio?” 10.10.1997 ?.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue, aeeiiaieo a aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio?,
aeei?enoaii a o/aiaiio i?ioean? i?e iaa/aii? nooaeaio?a ca
niaoe?aeueiinoyie “Iaiaaeaeiaio o ae?iaie/?e noa??”, oa i?e
ia?ai?aeaioiaoe? a?enueeiaineoaeaiaoe?a ca i?ia?aiith TACIS i?iaeoii
i?ia?aie TACIS EDUK 9301 “I?aeo?eiea ia?ai?aeaioiaee oa
i?aoeaaeaoooaaiiy io?oea??a, ca?eueiaieo a caian” – aeia?aeeo i?i
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeaeaii OAeIOO 9.10.1997 ?. – aeia?aeee i?i
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeaeaii Iaoe?iiaeueiei eii?aeeiaoe?eiei
oeaio?ii ?aae?caoe?? eiiieaenii? i?ia?aie nioe?aeueii? oa i?ioan?eii?
aaeaioaoe?? a?enueeiaineoaeaiaoe?a, ca?eueiaieo o caian aai a?aenoaaeo
a?ae 9.10.1997 ?. oa I?aaenoaaieeii Iaoe?iiaeueiiai eii?aeeiaoe?eiiai
oeaio?o a Ieeiea?anueeiio ?aa?ii? a?ae 10.10.1997 ?.
Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. On? iniiai? ?iaioe aeeiiaii ? ai?iaaaeaeaii
aaoi?ii iniaenoi. Iaoeia? i?aoe? ?acii ?c ni?aaaoi?aie i?enay/aii
ie?aiei i?aeoe/iei aniaeoai ?ic?iaeaii? oaie, a nai? ni?aaaoi?e –
ani??aioe caeiaoaa/a ? oe? aniaeoe ?ice?eo? a?eueo iiaeeaeaii a ?o
iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiiyo.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe??
aeiiia?aeaeeny ia i?aeia?iaeieo oa iaoe?iiaeueieo eiioa?aioe?yo oa
nai?ia?ao, a o. /.: ananithcia iaoeiai-oaoi?/ia eiioa?aioe?y “Oi?aae?iiy
ani?oeiaioii ? ye?noth iai?iaeiaieue/eo oiaa??a oa oi?ioaaiiy ?icoiieo
iio?aa ianaeaiiy” (i. Aeiiaoeuee, 1987); ananithcia iaoeiai-oaoi?/ia
eiioa?aioe?y “Iaae?ei?noue, aeiiii?/i?noue oa ye?noue oaenoeeueieo
iaoa??ae?a” (i. Ee?a, 1988); nooaeaionueea i?aeaoc?anueea
iaoeiai-oaoi?/ia eiioa?aioe?y “Nooaeaio oa iaoeiai-oaoi?/iee i?ia?an”
(i. Iiainea??nuee, 1990); ananithcia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ia eiioa?aioe?y
“Ia?iaeia iaaeaaia?ea oa no/ani? i?iaeaie aeoiaaiiy” (i. *aaiena?e,
1991); iaoeiaa eiioa?aioe?y “Oi?aae?iiy a oiiaao ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee” (i.
Naia?eaiae, 1992); o/aiai-iaoiaee/ia eiioa?aioe?y “Eiii’thoa?i?
oaoiieia?? a o/aiai-iaoiaee/i?e, iaoeia?e oa ciai?oiueiaeiiii?/i?e
ae?yeueiino? aeueo iaa/aeueieo caeeaae?a Oe?a?ie” (i. Ee?a, 1996);
tha?eaeia eiioa?aioe?y “I?iaeaie ?icaeoeo noaeiiaoae?aii? iaoee oa
ina?oe” (i. Ieeiea?a, 1995); i?aeia?iaeiee iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iee neiiic?oi
“I?iaeaie noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy: noai, ?aea?, ??oaiiy” (i. Ieeiea?a, 1997);
iaoeia? eiioa?aioe?? Iineianueeiai eiiia?aoeaiiai ?inoeoooo (1985 –
1992); 54-a iaoeiai-oaoi?/ia eiioa?aioe?y Ee?anueeiai aea?aeaaiiai
oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo aoae?aieoeoaa oa a?o?oaeoo?e (1997); iaoeia?
eiioa?aioe?? Oe?a?inueei-o?inueeiai ?inoeoooo iaiaaeaeiaioo oa a?ciano
(1996-1997); iaoeia? eiioa?aioe?? Oe?a?inueeiai aea?aeaaiiai ii?nueeiai
oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1993 – 1997).
Ioae?eaoe??. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe a?aeia?aaeai? o 36 ioae?eaoe?yo. Na?aae
ieo: 1 iiiia?ao?y, 4 iaoeia? iin?aieee, 13 noaoae a iaoeiaeo aeo?iaeao,
7 noaoae a ca??ieeao iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, 9 – oace iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?e oa
?ioa. Caaaeueiee ianya iaoeiaeo ?ia?o 48 oiiaii-ae?oeiaaieo a?eoo?a, a
oiio /ene? iniaenoi aaoi?a 34,3.
No?oeoo?a ? ianya ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio,
/ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a, caaaeueieo aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae
c 189 iaeiaioaaiue.
?iaioa ia? 376 noi??iie oaenoo, 37 ?enoie?a, 10 oaaeeoeue, 21 aeiaeaoie.
Caaaeueiee ianya ?iaioe 457 noi??iie.
INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE
?icae?e 1. “Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeai no/aniiai oi?aae?iiy”. A oiiaao
noai?aiiy ?eieiai? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie, ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?iieoeoaa,
iiaea?i?caoe?? aea?aeaaiiai naeoi?o nooo?ai ci?ith?oueny ci?no
i?aai?caoe?eieo, oi?aae?inueeeo, nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei ye a
nenoai? aea?aeaaiiai oi?aae?iiy, oae ? a oi?aae?ii? ia ??ai? ie?aiiai
i?aei?e?inoaa.
Noai?aiiy ei?ii?aoeaieo oi?i oi?aae?iiy, ci?ia ineoieia?? ea??aieea,
noeeth ainiiaea?nueei? iiaaae?iee, ia?aioe?iea ieie nai?? ?ie? ? i?noey
a nenoai? ainiiaea?thaaiiy aeeeeeaee aaee/acio caoe?eaaeai?noue aei
iaiaaeaeiaioo – oai??? ? i?aeoeee oi?aae?iiy no/aniei i?aei?e?inoaii.
Iiaee i?aeo?ae aei oi?aae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaii iieyaa? a oiio, ui
aoaeue-yea i?aei?e?inoai ?icaeyaea?oueny ye a?aee?eoa
nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ia nenoaia, ui ae?? a ?aieao neooaoe?eiiai
i?aeoiaeo. Oiio oi?ie, iaoiaee, nenoaie, noee? ea??aieoeoaa iiaeii?
nooo?ai ci?ithaaoenue caeaaeii a?ae ia’?eoeaieo oiia ia?a?nieo
ia?ai?iieo i?aei?e?inoaa (ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, oe?eae, no?aoaa??,
oaoiieia?? oa ?i.).
Ia oaia??oi?e /an iiaeia aiai?eoe i?i ana a?eueo i?enei?aiee i?ioean
eiiaa?aaioe?? iiaeaeae iaiaaeaeiaioo. Oai?aoeee ? i?aeoeee iaiaaeaeiaioo
??cieo e?a?i oa aeiiii?/ieo oe?e aca?iii caaaa/othoue iaeei iaeiiai
?aeayie, iaea?eueo i?iaeoeoeaieie iaoiaeaie ea??aieoeoaa, no/anieie
i?aai?caoe?eii-no?oeoo?ieie oi?iaie ? oaoiieia?/ieie caniaaie
oi?aae?iiy.
Cia/iee aianie o ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie iiaeaeae iaiaaeaeiaioo aianaii Ae.
Iae-A?aai?ii, O. Aa?oeaa?aii, A. Ianeio, A. Iaei, O. Io/e, I. Ae?aea?ii,
A. Oaeieai, A. Aia?niiii, O. I?oa?niiii, A. Oioa?iaiii, Aeae. Aaea?aeoii
oa ?i.
I?iaaaeaii aeaoaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy ieoaiue no/aniiai oi?aae?iiy ia
??ai? ooieoe?e, yea iieacaei iayai?noue aaaaoueio ??ciiieaiiaeo i?iaeai,
ui iio?aaothoue nooo?aiai oa i?eioeeiiaiai ae??oaiiy.
Aiae?c aeiiii?/iiai noaio i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa ia i?eeeaae?
noaeiiaoae?aii? aaeoc? Oe?a?ie aeicaieea anoaiiaeoe, ui o?eaa? cieaeaiiy
ianya?a ae?iaieoeoaa, ae?iaie/? iiooaeiino? ia noaeiiaoae?aieo
i?aei?e?inoaao caaaioaaeai? ia 40 – 50 %, a?aenooiy o?iainiai-e?aaeeoia
nenoaia aeey i?aei?e?inoa c aeiaaino?ieiaei oaoiieia?/iei oeeeeii
ae?iaieoeoaa, cia/ii c?inee oe?ie ca niiaeeaaiiy i?aei?e?inoaaie
?ano?n?a, ui i?eaaei aei aeao?oeeoo ia?aiaeo eioo?a, a?aenooi?e iaoai?ci
ooieoe?iioaaiiy i?e aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo aeiia, iani?iiiaei?noue
iayaii? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e i?aei?e?inoa oi?aaeyoe ci?iaie a
e?eciaeo oiiaao.
O?eueee nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei aeiiii?/ieo i?iaeai aeicaieeoue
i?iieeiooe a ae?enio nooue iaoai?cio iiaeieaiiy e?eoe/iiai noaio
ae?iaieoeoaa, iaae?iiy aeeoo?aiai ??aiy i?aoe?aiee?a. Ae??oaiiy i?iaeaie
oe?iiooai?aiiy, oi?ioaaiiy no?oeoo?e nia?aa?oino? i?iaeoeoe??,
?ano?ni?iiino? i?iaeoeoe??, ii??aiyeueiee aiae?c niiaeea/eo aeanoeainoae
a?o/eciyii? oa ca?oa?aeii? i?iaeoeoe??, ni?eyiiy aenii?oo, iiooeo ?eie?a
caooo, e?aaeeoia i?aeo?eiea ae?iaieoeoaa oa ?ioa iio?aao? ocaiaeaeaiino?
ae?e ia on?o ??aiyo oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii. Iaeaea iaia? ?ia?o,
i?enay/aieo nenoaiiiio i?aeoiaeo aei ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo,
canoinoaaiith i?eioeei?a iiaeaethaaiiy ??cieo eiai neeaaeiaeo /anoei.
Cia/ia i?noea o ae??oaii? i?iaeai caeia? ia?aaoaeiaa caaaeueii? nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy no/anieie i?aei?e?inoaaie. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee
iaoai?ci ooieoe?iioaaiiy i?aei?e?inoaa a ?eieiaeo oiiaao iiaeiai
caii/aoeiaoaaoenue ia i?eioeeiao no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, yeee
aeicaieeoue ia’?aeiaoe on? aeaee ?ano?n?a, a a oeaio? oaaae iinoaaeoe
ethaeeio ye aieiaiiai iioaioe?aeo ?acoeueoaoeaiino? oa i?iaeoeoeaiino?
i?aai?caoe??, aea?aoe oae? caniae aieeao ia i?ioean caeo/aiiy o
ae?iaieoeoai ethaeae ? i?aaeiao?a ae?iaieoeoaa, ye? a noeioethaaee
i?aoe?aiee?a aei iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaiai nooiaith aeinyaiaiiy oe?eae.
Aieiaiei i?eioeeiii nenoaie oi?aae?iiy iiaeiii aooe ae?iaieoeoai ae?ia?a
iio??aiiai oeio a iio??aiee /an ? a iio??ai?e e?eueeino?, a iaoa –
cieaeaiiy aeo?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa i?aeaeuaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?
i?iaeoeoe??.
Aeei?enoaiiy iaoiaeieia?? nenoaiii-oe?eueiaiai i?aeoiaeo ia?aaeaa/a?
aeae?eaiiy aeaio iniiaieo a?oi oaeoi??a, ye? aieeaathoue ia oi?ioaaiiy ?
?icaeoie i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoa: ia?oa a?oia
a?aeia?aaea? aieea oa?aeoa?ieo iniaeeainoae ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoa,
ae?oaa – aieea ciai?oiueiai na?aaeiaeua, oiaoi iniaeeainoae i?aai?caoe??
oi?aae?iiy a aaeocyo i?iieneiaino?, aeinyaiooiai ??aiy ?icaeoeo
iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai i?ia?ano, ae?th/iai ainiiaea?nueeiai iaoai?cio
oi?aae?iiy, eii’thieoo?e ?eieo ? o. ?ioa.
Ana oea aeicaieeei aecia/eoe oe?e? oa no?oeoo?o caaaeaiue aeine?aeaeaiiy
aeaii? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.
?icae?e 2. “I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iiaeae? aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith ae?yeuei?noth i?aei?e?inoaa ia iniia? no/aniiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo”. ?ic?iaeaia eiioeaioe?y ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo aea?
iiaeeea?noue anoaiiaeoe eiai nooue, i?ecia/aiiy, ooieoe??, iniaeeaino?
no?oeoo?e, ye?ni? aeiiae aei ae?iaie/eo iaiaaeaea??a. Eiie?aoii
aecia/aii iai?yie ?icaeoeo ae?iaieoeoaa a Oe?a?i?, iaaaaeaii oeie
i?aai?caoe?eieo no?oeoo? oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/eie i?aei?e?inoaaie ??cieo
i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i, ocaaaeueiaii oa eiie?aoeciaaii ooieoe??
ea?oth/iai ae?iaieoeoaii (iia?aoe?eiiai iaiaaeaea?a), ooieoe?? i?ioeano
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaii, neeaaeaii no?oeoo?o iniaenoino? iia?aoe?eiiai
iaiaaeaea?a, i?io?eue aeiia aei iueiai oa iien iinaaee. Oey eiioeaioe?y
? oaeiae iniiaith aeey noai?aiiy iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei
i?aei?e?inoaii a no/anieo oiiaao. ?c icia/aii? eiioeaioe??, ye
iane?aeie, i?iiiio?oueny aa?oeeaeueii-ai?eciioaeueia no?oeoo?a
ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo (oaae. 1), ui aeicaiey? anoaiiaeoe
ooieoe?iiaeuei? (i?iaeaii?) iaiaaeaeiaioe ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa oa
aecia/eoe ooieoe?? ae?yeueiino? ca noaiith “oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii a
oe?eiio – oi?aae?iiy ia ??ai? ae?iaie/iai a?aeae?eo iia?aoe?eii? nenoaie
– oi?aae?inuee? ooieoe?? iia?aoe?eiiai iaiaaeaea?a”.
Oaeee i?aeo?ae aeicaieea ?ic?iaeoe noaio caaaeueii? nenoaie
iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa. Ca oe??th noaiith /?oei
?iciaaeiaai?: no?aoaa?/iee iaiaaeaeiaio ye oe?eaooai?thth/a oa
eii?aeeioth/a i?aenenoaia, oa ia?eaoeia-iaiaaeaeiaio, o?iainiaee
iaiaaeaeiaio, eaae?iaee, ?iiiaaoe?eiee, ?ioi?iaoe?eiee, aeieia?/iee
iaiaaeaeiaioe, ye ea?oth/? i?aenenoaie noiniaii iia?aoe?eiiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo (i?aenenoaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii), a oaeiae
eiio?ie?ia – nenoaia oi?aae?iiy i?eaooeii i?aei?e?inoaa.
Cia/ia i?noea a ?iaio? caeia? iiaoaeiaa i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo,
ooieoe?iiaeueieo, i?aai?caoe?eii-oaoiieia?/ieo iiaeaeae on?o cacia/aieo
aeua ooieoe?iiaeueieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a. Caaaeueiee i?aeo?ae aei iiaoaeiae
iiaeaeae a?aeia?aaeaiee ia ?en. 1. Ca oaeith no?oeoo?ith iiaoaeiaaii
eiaeio iiaeaeue iaiaaeaeiaioo, yea aeicaiey? ia i?aeoeoe? icia/eoe eiai
no?aoaa?/io nooue, eiei ae??ooaaieo i?iaeai, ?iiaiaioi? aeanoeaino?(
aioo??oi?e ci?no), aioo??oi? oa ciai?oi? ooieoe??, i?aai?caoe?ei? neeaae
oa no?oeoo?o, no?oeoo?o aeo?ao ia oo?eiaiiy, e?eoa??? ioe?iee
ae?yeueiino?. A iaaeao eiaeiiai ooieoe?iiaeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo
cai?iiiiiaaii i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci eiai ?nioaaiiy oa
?ioi?iaoe?eia caaacia/aiiy.
?ic?iaeaii aeaoaeueio i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/io iiaeaeue no?aoaa?/iiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo, yea aeicaiey? anoaiiaeoe aeai?eoi eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy oa
ae?iaeoe iaoai?ci ?aae?caoe??, ca oaeith noaiith:
Caaaeaiiy iaiaaeaeiaioo /i?iaeaia i?aei?e?inoaa?ino?oiaioe iaiaaeaeiaioo
? oaoi?ea ?iaioe i?e ae??oaii? i?iaeaie?ic?iaea no?aoaa?? i?aei?e?inoaa
aeey aeinyaiaiiy oe?eae i?aei?e?inoaa;
?ic?iaea aeae?a no?aoaa?? a?aeiinii iai?yieo “aieiaiiai oaea?o” ?
a?aeiia?aeii aei aieiaii? no?aoaa?? i?aei?e?inoaa (iie?oeea
i?aei?e-?inoaa);
?ic?iaea e ioe?iea no?aoaa?? i?aei?e?inoaaaiae?c ioi/aiiy (oaine –
?ecee); aiae?c i?aei?e?inoaa (neeuei? – neaae? noi?iie);
oaoiieia?y noeaia??th;
iao?eoey ioe?iee;
aea?aai ??oaiue;
eaioethaeie noai?aiiy aa?oino?;
iiaoaeia/a oaoiieia?y
O ?aae?caoe?? iiaeae? ia?eaoeia-iaiaaeaeiaioo i?ioean oi?aae?iiy
ia?eaoeiaii caniiaaii ia i?eioeei? i???ioaoe?? ia iieoioey (niiaeeaa/a)
oiaa??a oa iineoa. Ia?eaoeiaiaa i?ia?aia ? aacith aeey iia?aoeaieo ae?e
on?o e?i?eieo neoaea, a aieiaia, aeey iia?aoe?eii? nenoaie (nenoaie
ae?iaieoeoaa). Oei naiei ? ?aae?co?oueny aaaeeeaee i?eioeei ia?eaoeiao –
i?eeiyooy oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue cae?enith?oueny a caooiaeo eaieao.
?aaeoe?y ?eieo ia oiaa? (iineoao) ? aecia/a? iiia?aaeiuei ianya, aeaee,
oeie ? no?oeoo?o ae?iaieoeoaa.
Ia a?aei?io a?ae naiai iiia?aaeieea no/aniee ae?iaiee iaiaaa?oueny
ae?iaeoe oa, ui iaiao?aeii iieoioeth ? aea?aeii ?aae?coaaoe oeae oiaa?,
a ia ?aae?coaaoe oa, ui iiaea ae?iaeoe. A ca’yceo c oeei a?eueo?noue
oiaa?o noa? aeeoa?aioe?eiaaiei ia o?eueee c oi/ee ci?o ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
oe?ieiai niaeo?o iaoa??ae?a ? oaoiieia?e, aea e c oi/ee ci?o, ui
no/aniee ae?iaiee iiaeiai noai?thaaoe na?e ?i?aeae, ?i?aeae naiai
oiaa?o.
Ie ia?ii ni?aao c oei, ui ia?eaoeia aeeiio? ?ioaa?oth/o ainiiaea?nueeo
ooieoe?th. Cai?iiiiiaaiee iaoiaeieia?/iee aia?ao aeicaieeoue
i?aei?e?inoaai ia na?oiaiio ?eieo ? acaaae? ia ?eieao iaoe /ooeeaee
iaoai?ci ?aaaoaaiiy ia ci?io ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua, ui c?iaeoue
eiieo?aioe?th i?ae ieie aeineoue neeueiith aeeiai?/iith, a oie aea /an
oey ae eiieo?aioe?y aoaea aaeineiiaethaaoe oeae iaoai?ci.
O?iainiaee iaiaaeaeiaio ni?yiiaaiee ia oi?aae?iiy ?ooii o?iainiaeo
?ano?n?a ? o?iainiaeo a?aeiinei, ye? aeieeathoue i?ae ainiiaea?thth/eie
noa’?eoaie a i?ioean? ?ooo o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a. Iaoiaeieia?y
ooieoe?iioaaiiy o?iainiaiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ?icaeyaea?oueny ia i?aenoaa?
?ic?iaeaii? eiai iiaeae?. O?iainiaee iaiaaeaeiaio ae?iaie/iai
i?aei?e?inoaa iiaeiiee aeeth/aoe a naaa: ?ic?iaeo ? ?aae?caoe?th
o?iainiai? iie?oeee i?aei?e?inoaa c aeei?enoaiiyi ??cieo o?iainiaeo
?ino?oiaio?a; i?eeiyooy ??oaiue c o?iainiaeo ieoaiue oa ae?ia?oeo
iaoai?cio ?o ?aae?caoe??; ?ioi?iaoe?eia caaacia/aiiy oeyoii neeaaeaiiy
oa aiae?co o?iainiai? ca?oiino? i?aei?e?inoaa; ioe?ieo ?iaanoeoe?eieo
i?iaeo?a oa oi?ioaaiith ii?ooaeth ?iaanoeoe?e oa ?ioa.
Ia iniia? aeuacacia/aiiai aaaaea?ii, ui o?iainiao nenoaio iaiao?aeii
iiaeaaaoe a aeae?eueeio aca?iiiia’ycaieo iiaeaeyo, a naia: 1) o aeaeyae?
noaoe/ii? iiaeae?, ui canoiniao?oueny ye oaeoia?ao?y ?iciiae?eo
o?iainiaeo ?ano?n?a oa o?iainiaeo a?aeiioaiue, ui neeaeeny ia iaaiee
i?ii?aeie /ano; 2) o aeaeyae? aeeiai?/ii? iiaeae? (“?iai/i? iiaeae?”),
yea iieno? ?oo o?iainiaeo iioie?a a e?euee?niiio ae?aaeai? oa
a?aeia?aaea? aeeiai?eo ia?a?iciiae?eo ?ano?n?a. Naia oaeith iiaeaeeth
iathoue ei?enooaaoeny a nai?e aaciina?aaei?e ae?yeueiino? o?iainia?
iaiaaeaea?e ??cieo ??ai?a, cae?enithth/e iai?/ai? ae?? ia nenoaio aeey
aeinyaiaiiy iaaiiai ?aeaaeo.
O?iainia? ?ano?ne ? eai?oae iino?eii ?ooathoueny. Oi?aae?iiy oeei ?ooii
– aieiaia iaoa o?iainiaiai iaiaaeaeiaioo – i?ioean aieeao o?iainiaeo
a?aeiinei ia ?ici?? oa aeeiai?eo ci?i oeeo ?ano?n?a. O?iainiaee
iaiaaeaea? noa? iaei??th c eeth/iaeo o?ao? ia i?aei?e?inoa?. A?i
a?aeiia?aea? ca iinoaiiaeo i?iaeai o?iainiaiai oa?aeoa?o, aiae?c
aeioe?eueiino? oiai /e ?ioiai ??oaiiy, a ?ieiee e ca i?eeiyooy
e?ioeaaiai ??oaiiy uiaei aeai?o i?eeiyoiai aa??aioo ae?e.
Icia/aii ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy ?iaanoeoe?yie ia i?aei?e?inoa?,
iaa?oioiaaii iaiao?aei?noue iii?oi?eiao i?iaeo?a oa iaoai?ci ?o aiae?co,
ui aeicaieeoue a oiiaao oe?ieiai canoinoaaiiy no/anieo ?ioi?iaoe?eieo
oaoiieia?e ae?iaeoe noeaia??? iiaaae?iee i?ioeano ?aae?caoe?? iayaieo
?iaanoeoe?eieo i?iaeo?a.
?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue iieacothoue, ui ?iaioa ii oi?aae?iith
?iaanoeoe?eieie i?iaeoaie caaaeaee noi?iaiaenoao?oueny ?eceeii ao?ao,
ye? iaoiiaeththoueny iaicia/aii?noth aeinyaiaiiy i/?eoaaiiai
?acoeueoaoo. Aeaea?aeii iaicia/aiino? iiaeooue aooe ye ciai?oi? ?
aioo??oi? na?aaeiaeua i?aei?e?inoaa, oae ? aoaeue-yea noaae?y eiai
ae?yeueiino?. A?aeiia?aeii aei oeueiai, aeieeathoue aeaa
aca?iiiia’ycaieo caaaeaiiy: aeey ea??aieoeoaa – yeei /eiii iaea?eueo
aoaeoeaii ?aae?coaaoe no?aoaa?/iee iioaioe?ae i?aei?e?inoaa; aeey
e?aaeeoi??a (?iaanoi??a) – ye naiino?eii, ia iniia? ?ioi?iaoe??,
iaaeaii? ea??aieoeoaii i?aei?e?inoaa, iiaoaeoaaoe naith no?aoaa?th
a?aeiioaiue c i?aei?e?inoaii a?ae ??oaiiy ii ?ici?uaiith nai?o aiane?a ?
oiia aeiaai?iaee ca ieo, aei oiia eiiiainaoe?? ca ieo i?e iaaaoeaiiio
ii?aoethaaiith i?iaeo?a.
Ocaaaeueiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a oai?aoe/ieo oa i?aeoe/ieo aeine?aeaeaiue
a/aieo oa i?aeoee?a a aaeoc? aoaeeoo aeicaieythoue c?iaeoe aeniiaie i?i
iaiao?aei?noue eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei i?aai?caoe?? aoaeeoi?nueei?
ae?yeueiino?.
Cai?iiiiiaaiee aeai?eoi oi?aae?iiy aoaeeoi?nueeith ae?yeuei?noth
?ice?eaa? /?oeee oa eiie?aoiee iaoai?ci ?? i?iaaaeaiiy, oeyoe
aaeineiiaeaiiy, aeinyaiaiiy aeniei? i?iaeoeoeaiino?, ui caaacia/eoue
iaae?eiee oa noaa?eueiee noai i?aei?e?inoaa a ?nioth/?e ?eieia?e
?io?ano?oeoo??.
Cia/ia i?noea a nenoai? caaaeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo a?aeaiaeeoueny
?iiiaaoe?eiiio iaiaaeaeiaioo, oae ye naia iaiaaeaeiaio oa ?iiiaaoe?? –
oea neeaaeia? oni?oo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa a oiiaao eiai
?ai?aai?caoe?? oa i?enoinoaaiiy aei ?eieiaeo oiia.
?iiiaaoe?eia no?aoaa?y ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa iiaeiia aeeth/aoe:
?ic?iaeo ieai?a oa i?ia?ai ?iiiaaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?, i?iaaaeaiiy
?aeeii? ?iiiaaoe?eii? iie?oeee, ?icaeyae i?iaeo?a iiaeo i?iaeoeo?a,
iii?oi?eia ?ic?iaee iiaeo i?iaeoeo?a, noai?aiiy oe?eueiaeo a?oi oa ?i.
Aoaeoeai?noue ?iiiaaoe?eieo i?ioean?a ioe?ith?oueny io?eiaiei i?eaooeii
oa cieaeaiiyi cao?ao aeeai? i?aoe?, nia?aa?oino?, iaoa??aeueieo
?ano?n?a, eai?oaeueieo aeeaaeaiue oa ia?aiaeo eioo?a, ui i?eaiaeyoue aei
c?inoaiiy i?eaooeo. Cai?iiiiiaai? i?aai?caoe?eii-ooieoe?iiaeueia
iiaeaeue ?iiiaaoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo oa aeai?eoi ?ic?aooieo
aoaeoeaiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?iiiaaoe?e aeathoue iiaeeea?noue
eiie?aoecoaaoe oeae aeae ae?yeueiino? oa iaaeaoe eiio ci?noiaiino?. ?
oi/ ia oaoiieia?/i? ?iiiaaoe?? ia aaaaoueio ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoaao ia
nueiaiaei? ia aenoa/a? eioo?a, i?aai?caoe?ei? ?iiiaaoe?? iiaeii? aooe
cae?eniai? a iaeei?iooee oa?i?i.
A niaoeeo?/ieo oiiaao iaoe?iiaeueii? aeiiii?ee aenieoaoaoe?y a?eueoino?
iayaieo oaoiieia?e ia?aoe?iiaeueia oa caeoeiaa /a?ac aenieo
nia?aa?o?noue. Iioaioe?aeueiee i?eaooie i?e o?iainoaaii? ?iiiaaoe?e
iiaeiai aooe a?eueo caaaeueiei, oae ye i?e oeueiio ia?oueny ia oaac? ia
o?eueee iiiaeaiiy oaoiieia??, aea e aaaaeaiiy o ae?iaieoeoai eiiieaeno
i?aai?caoe?eieo, oaoiieia?/ieo iiaiaaaaeaiue oa ye?nii iiai?
i?iaeoeoe??.
Ocaaaeueiai? oi/ee ci?o aeine?aeaeaiue a aaeoc? ?iiiaaoe?eii?
ae?yeueiino? aeicaieeee iiaeaoe eeaneo?eaoe?th ?iiiaaoe?e o
i?iieneiaino? c oi/ee ci?o ?ioaineaiino? ?iiiaaoe?eii? ci?ie, a nai?
?iiiaaoe?? ?icaeyiooe ye i?ioean aaeineiiaeaiiy caaeainiaaiino? ??cieo
noi??i ?iaioe i?aei?e?inoa, iia’ycaii? c iio?aaaie ?eieo.
Aeey i?iaaaeaiiy ?iiiaaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino? ia ae?iaie/iio i?aei?e?inoa?
i?iiiio?ii aeio?eioaaoeny ne?aeoth/eo iaoiaee/ieo i?eioeei?a:
?iiiaaoe?eieie i?ioeanaie ne?ae caeiaoeny ie?aii a?ae ae?iaie/eo; aeey
oeueiai a?eueoa i?aeoiaeyoue iao?e/i? /e ooaai? no?oeoo?e, aai ie?ai?
(aai/o?i?) iae? i?aai?caoe?? ona?aaeei? ae?th/iai i?aei?e?inoaa;
?iiiaaoe?ei? no?oeoo?i? i?ae?icae?ee ne?ae iaae?eyoe iaiao?aeieie
i?aaaie, iaia’yceaie, aaei?i?no?aoeaieie ? eiia?oe?eieie ooieoe?yie, a
oaeiae iaoa??aeueiith a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noth ca e?ioeaa? ?acoeueoaoe
ae?yeueiino?. Cacia/ai? i?eioeeie aeicaieeee ?ic?iaeoe oaoiieia?th
oi?aae?iiy ?iiiaaoe?eiei i?ioeanii ia i?aei?e?inoa?, aieiaieie oaeoi?aie
i?e ye?e caeeoa?oueny ia?eaoeia oa ??aaiue eiieo?aioe?? a eiie?aoi?e
aaeoc? ae?iaieoeoaa oa ae?iaeoe ocaaaeueithth/o
no?oeoo?ii-ooieoe?iiaeueio iiaeaeue ?iiiaaoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo.
Eaae?e – iniiaa no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo. Iaoai?ci noai?aiiy oa
ooieoe?iioaaiiy eaae?iai? neoaeae ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa ocaaaeueith?
no?oeoo?ii-ooieoe?iiaeueia iiaeaeue eaae?iaiai iaiaaeaeiaioo,
no?oeoo?ieie aeaiaioaie yei? ? eaae?iai-iie?oe/ia oe?eueiaa oa
?ino?oiaioaeueia nenoaia, i?io?eue aeiia aei i?aoe? ?ia?oiee?a, eaae?iaa
ieaioaaiiy, noaia i?aai?caoe?? ?iaioe “eiiaiaee” ni?a?ia?oiee?a, noa?e
oa caaaeaiiy iie?oeee ia?niiaeo, ?ioi?iaoe?eia nenoaia “Ia?niiae”,
eiio?ie?ia ia?niiaeo, ioe?ii/i? /eiieee.
Nioe?ieia?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, i?iaaaeai? ia i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoaao,
aeicaieeee aeae?eeoe /eiieee, ye? aieeaathoue ia i?eaaaeea?noue ?o
?iaioe: ?iaioa aac aaeeei? iai?oae oa no?an?a; c?o/ia ?icoaooaaiiy
i?noey ?iaioe; aeinoaoiy ii?ioi?iiaai?noue i?i noai ni?aa ia
i?aei?e?inoa?; aio/eee oaii oa /an ?iaioe; aeia?ice/eea? noinoiee i?ae
ethaeueie oa ?io?.
Aeniiaee aeine?aeaeaiue aeacothoue ia aaaeaiiy ethaeae i?aoethaaoe ca
i?eioeeiaie no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, eiee i?aoe?aieee – oea
ni?a?ia?oieee, “eiiaiaea” iaeiiaeoioe?a, a naia i?aoey – oe?eaaa “a?a”
ca oeea?e?ciaaieie i?aaeeaie; ea??aiee – “iaeei ?c ian”, ai?iaaaeaeo?
aeaiie?aoe/i? iaoiaee oi?aae?iiy, iioeaaoe?eiee iaoai?ci, caii/aoeiaaiee
ia aeiiii?/ieo oa i?aaiaeo canaaeao.
A?aoiaoth/e ci?noiaiee aiae?c aeieia?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, a oaeiae
ea?oth/enue i?aai?caoe?eiith no?oeoo?ith ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo ye
neeaaeiith ???a?o?/iith nenoaiith, aecia/aii caaaeueio iiaeaeue
aeieia?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo.
Iiaeyae ia caa?oaeiaiiy aeiae?eey ye ia aeieia?/io i?iaeaio iio?aao?
a?aooaaiiy oi/ee ci?o ye ia’?eoo, oae ? noa’?eoo oeeo a?aeiinei oa
aiae?co ?? c iiceoe?? aeiiii?? ?ano?n?a (iiieo ia ?ano?ne, aa?o?noue
?ano?n?a, aeo?aoe ?ano?n?a ? o. ?i.).
Aeiiii?ei-i?aaiaee iaoai?ci a aaeoc? aeieia?? ia iae?i??ai? aecia/a?
eiai iai?yiee a ae?yeueiino? eiaeiiai i?aei?e?inoaa ? yaey? niaith
nenoaio aeiiii?ei-i?aaiaeo cania?a aeey ?aaoethaaiiy aeieiai-aeiiii?/ieo
a?aeiinei, ni?yiiaaieo ia aeinyaiaiiy iaoe ? caaaeaiue aeieia?/ii?
iie?oeee i?aei?e?inoaa. Aeey oni?oiiai aeeiiaiiy aeieia?/ieo i?ia?ai,
ieoaiiy aeieia?/ii? aaciaee ne?ae ?icaeyiooe nenoaiii. Oey nenoaia, ia
iaoo aeoieo, iiaeiia aeeth/aoe o?e i?aenenoaie: i?e?iaeio, nioe?aeueio,
aeiiii?/io. Naia a oeueiio iai?yieo iiaeii? i?iaiaeeoenue iaoeia?
aeine?aeaeaiiy oa i?aeoe/i? ?ic?iaee ia eiaeiiio ae?iaie/iio
i?aei?e?inoa? c iaoith ae?iaeaiiy eiie?aoii? aeieia?/ii? iiaeae? oa
iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy iath aeey oi?aae?iiy ??aiiaaaith nenoaie.
Aeie-noaia ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ?ice?eaa? nooue
?ioi?iaoe?eii-oi?aaeyth/eo oaoiieia?e /a?ac ?o ooieoe??, ui aea? ciiao
no?oeoo?ecoaaoe i?ioean oi?aae?iiy ?ioi?iaoe?eieie ?ano?naie, aeae?eeoe
iniiai? aeaee ?ioi?iaoe?? ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa oa anoaiiaeoe
ioe?ii/i? e?eoa???. ?ic?iaeaii no?oeoo?io noaio a?aeae?eo
?ioi?iaoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo oa aeaoae?ciaaii ooieoe?? eiaeiiai eiai
i?ae?icae?eo, a oaeiae noaie ?icaeoeo ?io?ano?oeoo?e ia?iaee aeaieo,
?iciiae?eo ?ioi?iaoe?? oa aoaie ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oi?aae?iiy, aecia/aii
i?eioeeie iiaoaeiae eiii’thoa?ii? oaoiieia??.
Oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii (iia?aoe?eiee iaiaaeaeiaio) a aeai?e
iaoiaeieia?? i?aaenoaaeaii ye i?aenenoaia caaaeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo,
yea, a naith /a?ao, neeaaea?oueny ?c oaeeo aeaiaio?a, ye iia?aoeaia
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii (iiaeaii o aeaeyae? “aea?aaa” oe?eae),
oi?aae?iiy oiaa?ieie ?ano?naie (iniiaa – eia?noeea ye eiioeaioe?y
?aoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy iaoa??aeiiioieii oa eiai ?ioi?iaoe?eiei
caaacia/aiiyi), oi?aae?iiy i?iaeoeoeai?noth, oi?aae?iiy ye?noth oa
oi?aae?iiy i?aeeaaeeie (ae?iaie/ei ia?niiaeii).
?ic?iaeaii ooieoe?iiaeueio noaio oi?aae?iiy oiaa?ieie caianaie, a
oeaio?? oaaae yei? – eia?noe/iee i?aeo?ae ca noaiith: “caeoi –
ae?iaieoeoai – ia?aaacaiiy – caoo”. A?aeiia?aeii aei oaei? noaie
eia?noe/ia eaeueeoeyoe?y aeo?ao neeaaea? ia?iaeo caiiaeaiue, ia?anoaaiiy
i?iaeoeoe?? a iaaeao i?aei?e?inoaa, iaeoaaiiy, neeaaeoaaiiy, i?aeo?eieo
caian?a, ia?aaacaiiy oa oi?aae?inuee? aeo?aoe.
Ioe?ithth/eie e?eoa??yie ooieoe?iioaaiiy eia?noe/ii? nenoaie ia?ai?:
i?i?iaeuei? caaaeuei? aeo?aoe, iaeneiaeueiee ianya ianeoaiaoaaiiy
niiaeeaa/?a, ei?ioeino?ieiaa iaenei?caoe?y i?eaooeo, iaeneiaeueia
ia?aaaaa iaae eiieo?aioaie.
Eia?noe/ia ?ioi?iaoe?eia nenoaia aeei?enoiao? noaio niiaeea/eo caeoiie a
?ie? ao?aeieo aeaieo oa iine?aeoth/ee iii?oi?eia ci?i neeaaenueeeo
caian?a oa ae?iaieoeoaa i?iaeoeoe??.
Aeaoaeueii i?aaenoaaeaii nenoaio oi?aae?iiy ye?noth a ?? no/aniiio
i?aeia?iaeiiio ?icoi?ii? acaaae?, oa eiie?aoeciaaiee iaoai?ci oi?aae?iiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth i?iaeoeoe??. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo ? aeai?eoi
iaoai?cio oi?aae?iiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth i?iaeoeoe?? oa nenoaio
?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy. I?aaenoaaeaii eeaneo?eaoe?th aeiia aei
yeino? ia aoaiao “iaoe? yeino?” oa eeaneo?eaoe?th cao?ao ia caaacia/aiiy
yeino? i?iaeoeoe??. Eia?/iei caaa?oaiiyi iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy ye?noth
? ?ic?iaeaia eiai oaoiieia?/ia no?oeoo?a. C iaoith iie?ioaiiy yeino?
ae?ia?a cai?iiiiiaaii aeai?eoi i?ioeano aeaoaeueiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy eiai
aeanoeainoae, ye ooieoe?iiaeueieo oae ? aeiiii?/ieo:
Iiaoaeiaa ooieoe?iiaeueii? iiaeae? ae?iao, yea a?aeaeaa? aca?iica’ycee
i?ae ie?aieie ooieoe?yie ? oa?aeoa?enoeeaie
Aiae?c a?aeaoe?a niiaeeaa/?a i?i ye?noue ae?iao a i?ioean? aenieoaoaoe??
aeey a?aeia?aaeaiiy ae?enieo ooieoe?iiaeueieo iiaeeeainoae
?aiaeoaaiiy ooieoe?e ca ?ioi?iaoe??th i?i aeiiae niiaeeaa/?a oa ioe?iea
ooieoe?iiaeueieo ?ano?n?a
Oi?ioethaaiiy caaaeaiiy ii aaeineiiaeaiith ooieoe?iiaeueieo iiaeeeainoae
ae?iao ? iiooe aa??aio?a iie?auaiiy aieiaieo ciai?oi?o ooieoe?e ae?iao
Aiae?c ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i ae?iaeaiee oiaa? iiae?aiiai i?ecia/aiiy aeey
ocaiaeaeaiiy c iei ca ooieoe?iiaeueieie iiaeeeainoyie ? aea?? aa??aio?a
aaeineiiaeaiiy ooieoe?e aeine?aeaeoaaiiai ae?iao
Aeyaeaiiy oa aiae?c ooieoe?iiaeueieo ca’yce?a (aeaiaioe, oa?aeoa?enoeee)
aeine?aeaeoaaii? aeanoeaino? oa ?? aca?iica’ycie ?c niiaeeaa/aie
(ciai?oi?i na?aaeiaeuai)
Aiae?c oaeoi??a, ye? oa?aeoa?ecothoue ooieoe?iiaeueio nooue oa
iiaeeeaino? ? aeanoeaino?
Iiaoaeiaa ooieoe?iiaeueii? iiaeae? aeine?aeaeoaaii? aeanoeaino?
Aiae?c ooieoe?e oa ?o ioe?iea (aaaii?noue) aeey aecia/aiiy cia/aiiy
aeanoeaino?
Aeyaeaiiy iio?aae a aeiiii?aei?e ?ioi?iaoe?? a?ae niiaeeaa/?a aeey
i?iaaaeaiiy e?ioeaaiai aiae?co
?ic?aooiie na?aaeiueicaaaeaieo aeo?ao ia inai?iiy iiaeo ooieoe?e
aeine?aeaeoaaii? aeanoeaino?
Iiyniaiiy noo? ooieoe?iiaeueii? aca?iiae?? i?ae niaith neeaaeiaeo /anoei
aeanoeaino?
Ia?a?iciiae?e aeo?ao ia aeaioiaeaiiy neeaaeiaeo /anoei ae?iao (aoce?a,
aeaoaeae) ? ?aae?caoe?th
?ic?aooiie ieoiii? aaae aeo?ao ca neeaaeiaeie /anoeiaie ae?iao a
caaaeueieo aeo?aoao ia eiai aeaioiaeaiiy
Aecia/aiiy aaee/eie iaaei??ieo aeo?ao ia ?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?e ca yeeie
aoee aeyaeai? iaa?aeiia?aeiino? i?ae ?o iiaeeeainoyie aaaeaiiyi
niiaeeaa/?a
Aiae?c ooieoe?e oa ?? ooieoe?iiaeueieo ?ano?n?a
Iiooe cania?a iie?auaiiy eiino?oeoi?nueei-oaoiieia?/ieo ci?i, ye?
caaacia/othoue aaaeaiee ?acoeueoao
Io?eiaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i aeo?aoe, aeeth/ath/e aeo?aoe ca oaoiieia?/ieie
iia?aoe?yie
Ioe?iea yeino? eiie?aoiiai oaoi?/iiai ??oaiiy
Aea?? aa??aioo e?auiai ??oaiiy, yea a?aeiia?aea? aeiiaai iaiao?aeii?
yeino? c iaeiaioeie aeo?aoaie
?ic?iaea ii?oieia?/ii? ea?oe aeey aecia/aiiy oeyo?a ? cania?a cieaeaiiy
iaaei??ieo aeo?ao ? iiooeo iiaeo aa??aio?a ?aae?caoe?? ooieoe?e ae?iao
oa aecia/aiiy iaea?eueo aeiiii?/ieo.
A oi?aae?ii? eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth oiaa?o eeane/ia iiiyooy
nia?aao?ino? ye noia cao?ao, ia aea? /?oeiai oyaeaiiy i?i aieea ia oe?
cao?aoe ci?i aeanoeainoae oiaa?o. Oiio aeioe?eueii oyaeoe nia?aa?o?noue
ye noio cao?ao ia ?aae?caoe?th eiaeii? ie?aii? ooieoe??, yea oi?io?
ye?noue oiaa?o, oiaoi eiaei?e ooieoe?? oiaa?o a?aeiia?aea? aaee/eia
cao?ao Si , oiae? nia?aa?o?noue aecia/a?oueny ye:
O oeueiio aeiaaeeo aoaeue-yea cai?ia oaoiieia?/ii? oa?aeoa?enoeee /e
oaoiieia?? ae?iaieoeoaa iiaea aooe ioe?iaia c oi/ee ci?o aieeao ia
nia?aa?o?noue.
Eiaeiee ?c aeaiaio?a iia?aoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo cia?aaeaii o aeaeyae?
no?oeoo?ii-ooieoe?iiaeueieo iiaeaeae oa aeiiiaiaii iiyniaiiyi ?o
aeiiii?/ieo iaoai?ci?a.
Eia?/iei caaa?oaiiyi i?ioeano iiaeaethaaiiy iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai
i?aei?e?inoaa ? iiaeaiiy eiio?ie?iao ye nenoaie oi?aae?iiy i?eaooeii ia
/ioe?ueio ??aiyo:
1. I?aaeiao i?aei?e?iieoeoaa (??cieoey i?ae aeoeaaie oa ianeaaie, /enoa
aa?o?noue, aaeainiaee i?eaooie).
2. Ia?aeiiee iieaciee oi?aae?iiy – i?eaooie i?aei?e?inoaa.
3. Iioaioe?ae i?aei?e?inoaa – oain ia i?eaooie o iaeaooiueiio.
4. Aaaeae? oi?aae?iiy iioaioe?aeii – iaenoa?i?noue o iaiaaeaeiaio?.
Eiio?ie?ia ?icaeyaea?oueny ye ea?oth/a eiioeaioe?y i?aei?e?inoaa, yea
ni?yiiaaia ia e?ea?aeaoe?th “aocueeeo i?noeue”, i???ioiaaia ia iaeaooi?
a?aeiia?aeii aei iinoaaeaieo iaoe oa caaaeaiue, io?eiaiiy iaaieo
?acoeueoao?a, iia’ycaia c eiiieaeniei aeei?enoaiiyi iaoiae?a
iia?aoeaiiai oa no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo. A?aoiaoth/e oe? i?aeoiaee,
iiaoaeiaaii caaaeueio no?oeoo?io iiaeaeue eiio?ie?iao ae?iaie/iai
i?aei?e?inoaa oa ?ic?iaeaii aeai?eoi oi?aae?iiy aeo?aoaie, ye eiai
aieiaii? ooieoe??.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy nenoaie eiio?ie?iao ia a?o/eciyieo i?aei?e?inoaao
ia?aaoaa? o i?iaeoiiio noai?. Iia’ycaii oea ? c ?nioth/ith nenoaio
aooaaeoa?nueeiai iae?eo, ? c a?aenooi?noth niaoe?aeueieo neoaea, ye? a
iaee /an ? iiaeeea?noue i?iaiaeeoe aeaoaeueiee aiae?c aeiiii?/ieo oa
o?iainiaeo iieaciee?a ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa c iaoith oi?aae?iiy
eiai i?eaooeia?noth. Iaee?aua ai?iaaaeaeoaaoe ia ae?iaie/eo
i?aei?e?inoaao eiio?ie?ia ye nenoaio aioo??oiueiaio??iiaiai iia?aoeaiiai
oi?aae?iiy o?iainiaeie ?acoeueoaoaie ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa (oea ia
?aiiueiio aoai? o?iainoaaiiy i?aei?e?inoa i?e aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo
oiia). Iio?i oeae i?ioean iiaeiiee iaoe a?eueo nenoaiiee oa?aeoa?.
Iniaeeai aoaeoeaia ? aaaeaia nenoaia eiio?ie?iao oai, aea noai?aii
ooieoe?iiaeueiee iaiaaeaeiaio, aea ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy aeaeaaiaai?
a?aeae?eai ? neoaeaai.
?icae?e 3. “Iiaeaethaaiiy oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith nenoaiith”.
Ocaaaeueithth/ei oa ia’?aeioth/ei eiiiiiaioii caaaeueii? no?oeoo?e
nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa ? ?ic?iaeaia eiiieaenia
eiii’thoa?ia nenoaia i?aeo?eiee ??oaiue aeey no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo
“AAe?N” (Aaei?i?no?aoeaia ?ioi?iaoe?eia Nenoaia) ye
?ioi?iaoe?eii-ae??ooaaeueia nenoaia eeano “ii?aaeieoeueeeo”
?ioi?iaoe?eieo nenoai, ui ae?iaey? eiie?aoia oi?aae?inueea ??oaiiy, c
e?ioeaaei i?aaii iniae, yea i?eeia? ??oaiiy. ?ioieia?/io noaio nenoaie
“AAe?N” iaaaaeaii ia ?en. 2.
?iaioa nenoaie nie?a?oueny ia aeaa iniiaieo eiiieaena ae?e no?aoaa?/iiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo:
1. No?aoaa?/iiai ieaioaaiiy – ye iinoaiiae ia?niaeoeaieo (ianooaaieo oa
aeiaaino?ieiaeo) oe?eae, caaeainiaaieo ?c caniaaie ?o caaacia/aiiy.
2. Eiio?ie?iao – ye aacia?a?aiiai ei?aaoaaiiy ii?ie (oe?eae oa cania?a)
/a?ac iino?eii ae?th/? ci?ie o ciai?oiueiio oa aioo??oiueiio na?aaeiaeu?
i?aei?e?inoaa.
?ino?oiaioe ??oaiiy nenoaie “AAe?N” yaeythoue niaith aaoiiiii?
eiii’thoa?i? i?ia?aie, ye? aeeeeeathoueny c aoaeue-yei? oi/ee ?iaioe
i?ia?aiieo iiaeoeae no?aoaa?/iiai ieaioaaiiy, eiio?ie?iao, aeie?a
ooieoe?iiaeueiiai (i?iaeaiiiai) iaiaaeaeiaioo. Oe? ?ino?oiaioe
aeicaieythoue eiie?aoecoaaoe oi?aae?inuee? ae?? a o?e /e ?io?e
i?iaeaii?e noa?? no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo, noai?aiith aacith aeaieo.
?ino?oiaioe ??oaiiy ?aae?cothoue oae? caaaeaiiy:
oaeoia?ao?/ia i?iaiicoaaiiy ca aeeiai?/ieie ?yaeaie oa iao?eoeyie;
noeaia?iee aiae?c aeey i?iaiicii?, aenia?oii? ioe?iee iaai??a iiaeeeaeo
noai?a i?aei?e?inoaa oa eiai ciai?oiueiai ioi/aiiy;
aea?? iioeiaeueii? aeueoa?iaoeae – aeey aenia?oiiai aeai?o iaee?auiai
aa??aioo aeueoa?iaoeaiiai ??oaiiy aoaeue-yei? neaaei no?oeoo?eciaaii?
i?iaeaie;
oaeoi?iee aiae?c – aeey a?aeai?o oa oi?ioaaiiy iaai?o iieaciee?a
(/eiiee?a) nooo?aeo aeey oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii;
aeene?ei?iaioiee oa eeanoa?iee aiae?c aeey aecia/aiiy o ciai?oi?o oa
aioo??oi?o na?aaeiaeuao i?aei?e?inoaa i?e?iaeieo a?oi o??? /e ?ioi?
niaoe?ae?caoe?? oa iai?aaeaiino? (niiaeeaa/?a ia ?eieo, iaoi?iaeueiiai
aieeao na?aae ia?niiaeo o??io) oa ?i.
?en. 2. ?ioieia?/ia noaia nenoaie “AAe?N”
I?inoaaiiy iioie?a ?ioi?iaoe?? a eiii’thoa?i?e nenoai? i?aeo?eiee
i?eeiyooy ??oaiue “AAe?N” aecia/a?oueny , c iaeiiai aieo, aeanoeainoyie
oa no?oeoo?ith ia’?eoo oi?aae?iiy – i?aei?e?inoai oa eiai ?eieiaa
ioi/aiiy, c ae?oaiai aieo – ae?th/eie iaoiaeaie no?aoaa?/iiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo. ?ic?iaeaii i?eioeeie aeiiii?ei-iaoaiaoe/iiai
iiaeaethaaiiy, ye? aeieeaathoue ?c caaaeueieo i?eioeei?a nenoaiiiai
aiae?co oa aeiiae aei iieaciee?a a?aeia?aaeaiiy ae?yeueiino? o noa??
oi?aae?iiy.
Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo iiaeaethaaiiy ae?yeueiino? oi?aae?inueeeo
no?oeoo?ieo iaeeieoeue (ONI) ae?iaie/i? nenoaie, yea a?oioo?oueny ia
oai??? ianiaiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy ? aea? iiaeeea?noue iioei?coaaoe
no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy oa oi?aae?inuee? cao?aoe.
?icae?e 4. “I?aai?caoe?eia ia?aaoaeiaa i?aei?e?inoa: i?aeoe/iee aniaeo”.
Cai?iaaaeaeaiiy nooo?aeo ?iiiaaoe?e a aaeoc? no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae
aeiiiiiaeooue aeaanoe i?iieneia? i?aei?e?inoaa ?c ne?ooiiai noaio.
Aieiaiee iai?yiie oaeeo ?iiiaaoe?e – ?icoe?oiiaiiy, yea ia?aaeaa/a?
noai?aiiy ? ?icaeoie naiino?eiino? iioaioe?eieo a?cian?a, ui ?niothoue
ana?aaeei? aaeeeeo i?aei?e?inoa. Ia nueiaiaei? i?aeoe/ii iaiiaeeeai
eiio?iethaaoe aeo?aoe ae?iaieoeoaa caa?oo, aaei?i?no?aoeaiei oeyoii.
Aiie iiaeooue ? iiaeii? eiio?iethaaoeny o?eueee ia ??ai? aeeiiaaoe?a,
oae ye naia aiie caoe?eaaeai? a nei?i/aii? aeo?ao ? ia i?aeoeoe?
a?ae/oaathoue i?yio caoe?eaaeaii?noue nai?o caoiae?a a?ae ?acoeueoao?a
i?aoe?.
I?aeoeea ?iaioe c i?aei?e?inoaaie na?ae/eoue, ui aeey a?eueoino? c ieo
ieoaiiy ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? ia noaee aei e?ioey c?icoi?eeie ?, oei
a?eueoa, ? iaii?icoi?iiy c iiceoe?e iaiao?aeiino? no?aoaa?/iiai
ieaioaaiiy. ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y oea ia ?aciaa eiiiai?y, a o?eaaeee oeyo
no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae ia o?eueee i?aai?caoe?eii? oi?ie ?nioaaiiy
i?aei?e?inoaa, aea e ia?aaoaeiae i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiai iaoai?cio
ooieoe?iioaaiiy, ci?ia ineoieia?? oi?aae?ioe?a ? i?aoe?aiee?a oa
iioeaaoe?? ?oiuei? i?aoe?. Ni?iae aeaoe eiie?aoi? ?aeiiaiaeaoe??,
oi?o?eoaaoe i?ioeane no?oeoo?ii? ?ai?aai?caoe?? aac o?aooaaiiy
niaoeeo?ee ae?yeueiino? ye ie?aieo aaeocae, oae ? ie?aieo i?aei?e?inoa,
iiaeooue i?eaanoe aei oiai, ui a?eueo?noue i?iaeo?a no?oeoo?ii?
ia?aaoaeiae caeeoooueny ia?aae?ciaaieie. Aea ? e ?ioee a?e i?iaeaie:
i?ney ?ic?iaee ?aaeuei? i?iaeoe ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? caeeoathoueny
aaaeei?aae?ciaaieie aiane?aeie oiai, ui iaii?aoeueiaaii iaoai?ci
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei o??? i?aai?caoe?eii? oi?ie, yea
ooai?th?oueny a oiae? ia?aaoaeiae. sseeie a ia aoee aa??aioe oeueiai
iaoai?cio, aieiai? aeiiae aei iueiai oae?: i???ioaoe?y ia e?ioeaaee
?acoeueoao ae?iaie/i? oa ?ioi? ae?yeueiino?, a?aooaaiiy ia’?eoeaii
?nioth/eo ?ica?aeiinoae ? i?ioe??//y ?ioa?an?a ??cieo no?oeoo?ieo
i?ae?icae?e?a, ae?iaeaiiy oaeeo cania?a aieeao ia i?ioean caeo/aiiy o
ae?iaieoeoai ethaeae ? i?aaeiao?a ae?iaieoeoaa, ye? a noeioethaaee
i?aaiaiiy ye i?aoe?aiee?a, oae ? ie?aieo a?cian-iaeeieoeue aei
iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaiai nooiaiy aeinyaiaiiy oe?eae, i?enoiniaai?noue aei
aeaiie?aoecaoe?? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/eie iaeeieoeyie ia ??cieo
??aiyo ???a?o??, yea ia?aaeaa/a? th?eaee/io naiino?ei?noue ae?iaie/eo
nenoai no?oeoo?ieo i?ae?icae?e?a a ieoaiiyo aecia/aiiy oe?eae, aeai?o ?
?aae?caoe?? cania?a ?o aeinyaiaiiy, aeiiii?/io a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue ca
?acoeueoaoe nai?? ae?yeueiino?.
?ic?iaeaiee iaoiaeieia?/iee ?ino?oiaioa??e uiaei noai?aiiy no/anii?
ae?iaie/i? nenoaie oa iaoai?cio ?? oi?aae?iiyy ia iniia? i?aeoiae?a
no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo aoa canoiniaaiee i?e ?ic?iaoe? i?iaeoo
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? noaeiiaoae?aieo i?aei?e?inoa, a eiie?aoii:
i?iaaaeaii aeaoaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ioeano oi?aae?iiy AAO
“Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “IEAAI” (SWOT-aiae?c), ?acoeueoaoe yeiai aoee
iniiaith aeey ?ic?iaee nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo oeueiai i?aei?e?inoaa, ui,
a naith /a?ao, ? ?acoeueoaoii ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?ic?iaeaii? iaoiaeieia??
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii; aecia/aii i?n?th i?aei?e?inoaa,
?ic?iaeaii oe?e? eiai ?icaeoeo, iaa?oioiaaii oieaeeiaiao no?oeoo?o ye
oi?io ?nioaaiiy AAO, icia/aii ooieoe?? on?o ??ai?a oi?aae?iiy oa
iiaoaeiaaii ?o i?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e.
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y – can?a onoiaiiy i?ioe??//y i?ae aeiiaaie ?eieo oa
canoa??eith nenoaiith iiaaae?iee i?aei?e?inoaa. ?eiie oo?eio? eeoa oiai
ae?iaieea, yeee ae?iaey? i?iaeoeoe?th aaeaeaaoio ieao?aeani?iiiaeiiio
iiieoo. Ci?ie a ?iaio? i?aei?e?inoaa a cia/i?e i??? caeaaeaoue a?ae
aoaeoeaii? nenoaie oi?aae?iiy.
Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeieia?y oi?aae?iiy i?iieneiaei i?aei?e?inoaii
ia?aaeaa/a? a?aeie?aieaiiy no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoaa a ie?aio
eaieo ?iaioe; ci?io i?aai?caoe?? iieaoe i?aoe?; noai?aiiy nenoaie
ioe?ii/ieo iieaciee?a (i?aei?e?inoaa a oe?eiio oa eiai
a?cian-iaeeieoeue); ia?ao?ae ia aei?noea oi?aae?iiy a?ioiaeie iioieaie;
?icoe?aiiy noa?e ?iiiaaoe?eii? ae?yeueiino?; noai?aiiy oa iiiaeaiiy
?i?aeaeo i?aei?e?inoaa; ia?aaoaeiao ?ioi?iaoe?eii? nenoaie; iaa/aiiy
ia?niiaeo oaoiieia?? iiaaae?iee a ?eieiaiio na?aaeiaeu? oa ?ioa.
Aecia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? iaiaaeaeiaioo iiaeia i?iaiaeeoe ??cieie
iaoiaeaie. Iaeiei ?c ieo ? ioe?iea aieeao i?aenoieiaiai iieacieea
ae?yeueiino? ia i?aeaeuaiiy e?ioeaaeo ?acoeueoao?a ae?iaie/i?
ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa. Noeoii?noue ooieoe?e, ye? ?aae?cothoueny
eiie?aoiei i?ae?icae?eii, ?icaeyaea?oueny ye aiae?co?iee ia’?eo
(nenoaia). Oa?aeoa?enoeea ia’?eoo, ui a?aeia?aaea? a?aeiia?aei?noue
i?eioeeiai noi?niino?, aeooae?caoe??, cina?aaeaeaiino? oa aio/eino?
aeeiioaaieo ooieoe?e aecia/a? eiai ooieoe?iiaeueio i?aai?ciaai?noue.
Aeiiii?/ia aoaeoeai?noue oa?aeoa?eco?oueny nenoaiith o?ueio iieaciee?a:
?;
Aa = ?(?); (2)
n [ c(?);?(?) ] ,
aea ? – ei?eniee aoaeo;
?(?) – a??ia?aei?noue aeinyaiaiiy oeueiai aoaeoo;
n [ c(?);?(?) ] – cao?aoe ia aeinyaiaiiy oeueiai aoaeoo aei caaeaii?
a??ia?aeiino?.
O aeaiiio aeiaaeeo aoaeoeai?noue oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ye?noth aeeiiaiiy
ooieoe?e ? cao?aoaie ia ?o aeeiiaiiy, ye? caeaaeaoue a?ae e?eueeino?
i?ae?icae?e?a, iaoeiai-oaoi?/iiai ??aiy, oiiaeiica?i?iino? (oaoi?/iiai
iniauaiiy), i?iaeoeoeaiino? i?aoe?.
Iiaeaeue ?acoeueoaoo ae?yeueiino? ia’?eoo (i?ae?icae?eo) iiaeia iiaeaoe
o aeaeyae?:
aea: W – i?aenoieiaee iieaciee ae?yeueiino?;
Wi – iieaciee iaeo?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino?, yeee ia? nooue eiao?oe??ioo
i?iii?oe?eiino?, ui caeaaeeoue a?ae aeai?o ianooaao oa iaeeieoeue
aei??thaaiiy;
N – iieaciee, yeee oa?aeoa?eco? /enaeuei?noue ia?niiaeo;
? – oaoi?/ia iniauaiiy (oiiaeiica?i?i?noue) i?aoe?aieea ( aeeiiaaoey ).
No/ani? oiiae i?aae’yaeythoue ye?nii iia? aeiiae aei nenoaie
iaiaaeaeiaioo a oe?eiio, aei iaiaaeaea??a oa a?cianiai?a, aeeeeeath/e
a?eueo aenieo iai?oaeai?noue ?o i?aoe?, aeiaaathoue ai?iiy oe?ioaaoe
/an, aieiae?iiy eiiieaenii i?aai?caoe?eieo oa ineoieia?/ieo yeinoae,
c?inoa? aeaiaio oai?/ino? a ?o ?iaio?.
O ca’yceo c oeei ci?iththoueny e?eoa??? ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino?
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo ?iiiaaoe?e, aei yeeo iiaeia a?aeianoe ?
cai?iiiiiaaio iaie nenoaio iaiaaeaeiaioo aeey ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoa.
Cai?iiiiiaaii aenia?oiee iaoiae ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie
iaiaaeaeiaioo. I?iaaaeaia aenia?oia ioe?iea aeoiie ea??aiee?a on?o eaiie
oi?aae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaii aeicaieeea aecia/eoe ?aiae iieaciee?a
aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo:
?aiaIieacieeeAaaii?noue1
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I?enoiniaai?noue aei ?eieiaiai ioi/aiiy
Aeoeai?noue oa?aeoa?o ae?yeueiino?
sse?noue aeinyaiooeo ?acoeueoao?a
??aiii??i?noue oa ?eoi?/i?noue ?iaioe
??aaiue i?aai?caoe?eii? eoeueoo?e
Nooi?iue caaeiaieaiiy ?iaioith
Iiaeeea?noue aiae?co ae?yeueiino?
Nooi?iue ?aae?caoe?? cae?aiinoae
Iiaeeea?noue aeei?enoaiiy nai?o i?aa
Oa?i?i aeinyaiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
Noai ii?aeueii-ineoieia?/iiai ee?iaoo
A??ia?aei?noue aeinyaiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a
Iiaeeea?noue i?aai?caoe?eiiai ieneaiiy
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Aoaeoeai?noue cai?iiiiiaaii? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo:
aea Pj’ oa Pj – na?aaei? ioe?iee aenia?o?a j –ai iieacieea i?e noa??e oa
iia?e nenoaiao iaiaaeaeiaioo a?aeiia?aeii; Gj – aaniethoia aaee/eia
cia/ouino? j–ai iieacieea.
?ic?iaeai? iaoiaeeee ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo
cai?iiiiiaaii ea??aieeai ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoa aeey canoinoaaiiy i?e
i?iaaaeaii? ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??.
Ai?iaaaeaeaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe a iaa/aeueiee i?ioean
aeeth/a? eiioeaioe?th no?aoaa?? iaa/aiiy, coiiaethth/eie eiiiiiaioaie
yei? ? ainiiaea?nueea ae?yeuei?noue i?aei?e?inoaa, aeiiae aei ie?aieo
iinaae oa aeiiae aei iaiaaeaeiaio-o?ai?iao, a?aoiaoth/e oaiaeaioe??
?icaeoeo a aaeoc? aeiiii?ee oa iia?oi?o oaoiieia?e iaa/aiiy.
CAAAEUeI? AENIIAEE
Caaaeueiei i?aenoieii ?iaioe ? ?ic?iaea iaoiaeieia?? oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii ia iniia? nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo no/aniiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo a oiiaao aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo oiia. Oea noino?oueny
ae??oaiiy oaeeo i?iaeai:
?ic?iaea eiioeaioe?? oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii a ?eieiaeo
oiiaao;
?ic?iaea i?eioeei?a iiaoaeiae iaiaaeaeiaioo oa noai?aiiy no/anii?
i?aai?caoe??, caeaoii? ooieoe?iioaaoe ia ?eieo;
noai?aiiy nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa oa ??
no?oeoo?oaaiiy;
no?oeoo?oaaiiy oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii c iiceoe?e
ai?eciioaeueii-aa?oeeaeueii? i?aeeaaeino?;
iiaeaethaaiiy ooieoe?iiaeueieo (i?iaeaiieo) iaiaaeaeiaio?a;
iien aca?iiae?e aeaiaio?a nenoaie ia ??cieo nooiaiyo ???a?o?? ia
ooieoe?iiaeueiiio ??ai? c iaoith iai/iino? iiaeaiiy ea?oeie ae?yeueiino?
nenoaie;
noai?aiiy ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai oa i?ia?aiiiai caaacia/aiiy ooieoe?iioaaiiy
nenoaie no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo ye oe?eani?yiiaaii? ?aea?
i?aei?e?inoaa;
?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee oi?aae?iiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth i?iaeoeoe??;
?ic?iaea aeai?eoi?a oi?aae?iiy ae?ia?oeaie oa aeo?aoaie ia
i?aei?e?inoa?;
iiaeaethaaiiy eiio?ie?iao ye nenoaie oi?aae?iiy i?eaooeii i?aei?e?inoaa;
ae?ia?oea ioe?ithth/eo e?eoa???a ooieoe?iiaeueii? ae?yeueiino?
i?iaeaiieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a ye ?acoeueooth/eo iieaciee?a nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii;
?ic?iaea iaoiaeeee ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo
ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa;
?ic?iaea i?aeoe/ieo aniaeo?a no?oeoo?ii? ?ai?aai?caoe?? i?aei?e?inoa a
oiiaao aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo oiia.
Eiie?aoi? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe oae?:
Ia iniia? aeine?aeaeaiiy ?nioth/eo i?aeoiae?a aeyaeaii caaaeuei?
i?iaeaie no/aniiai oi?aae?iiy ia ooieoe?iiaeueiiio ??ai?. Caaaeueiee
aeniiaie oaeiai aeine?aeaeaiiy – a?aenooi?noue nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo aei
i?ioeano oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii ia on?o ??aiyo ???a?o??. Noa??
iaoiaee oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii ao?aoeee aoaeoeai?noue, a iia?
niiioeathoue aei aeoeaieo ae?e ye o aioo??oi?e i?aai?caoe?? ni?aa, oae ?
o ciai?oi?o ainiiaea?nueeeo ca’yceao, i?e/iio a inoaii?o a iniaeeaino?,
ine?eueee naia ?c-ciai? aeoiaeyoue ?iioeuene e?ece. Oi/ iae?iaeiiii?/i?
oiiae ? aecia/athoue na?aaeiaeua, a yeiio cae?enith?oueny ae?iaie/a
ae?yeuei?noue, aea aiie a cia/i?e i??? ? eeoa ii/aoeiaei iiiaioii, oae
ye aaaaoi /iai caeaaeeoue a?ae oi?iiy aeei?enoiaoaaoe oe? oiiae ?
iiaeeeaino?.
Aaaeeeaith aeanoea?noth nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo a no/anieo oiiaao ?
i???ioiaaia ia eiiieaenia aea/aiiy ooieoe?iioaaiiy a?aeiia?aeii? nenoaie
? ia /?oea oi?ioaaiiy oe?eae ?? ?icaeoeo. Ni?iae ocaaaeueieoe ?
oei?coaaoe iaoiaee i?aai?caoe?? ? oi?aae?iiy a nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo
nenoaiao iiee ua ia iathoue iiceoeaiiai ?acoeueoaoo.
Canoinoaaiiy iiaeaethaaiiy aeicaieeoue noai?eoe oaeo nenoaio ?
i?enoinoaaoe ?? aei oiia i?ieeaino? ioi/oth/iai ?eieiaiai na?aaeiaeua.
Aeey /?oeiai ona?aeiieaiiy i?noey oa cia/aiiy nenoaie ae?iaie/iai
iaiaaeaeiaioo a ?icaeoeo caaaeueiiai eiiieaeno aeiiii?/ieo i?ioean?a a
Oe?a?i? ?ic?iaeaia eiai eiioeaioe?y c aeaoae?caoe??th i?e?iaee oaeiai
iaiaaeaeiaioo, eiai i?aai?caoe?eieo oi?i, ooieoe?iiaeueieo iniaeeainoae
oa ye?nieo aeanoeainoae.
Iniiaia iaoa ?ic?iaee nenoaie ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo a i?iieneiaino?
iieyaa? a noai?aii? eiiieaeniiai oyaeaiiy i?i ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaieoeoaii ia no/aniiio aoai? ?icaeoeo aeiiii?ee, yea aeiiiiiaea
ea??aieeai ae?iaie/i? noa?e i?aai?coaaoe e oni?oii ?icaeaaoe ae?iaie/a
i?aei?e?inoai oa oi?aaeyoe iia?aoe?eiith nenoaiith, iinoaaeyth/e ia
?eiie i?iaeoeoe?th ? caaeiaieueiyth/e caieoe niiaeeaa/?a.
Aaaaeaii oae? iiiyooy ye “iia?aoe?eiee iaiaaeaeiaio” oa “iia?aoe?eiee
iaiaaeaea?”, ye? a?aeia?aaeathoue i?ioean oi?aae?iiy oaoiieia?/ieie
iia?aoe?yie ye neeaaeiao /anoeio (i?aenenoaio) ae?iaie/iai
iaiaaeaeiaioo, ui aea? ciiao ni?eeiyoe i?ioean ae?iaieoeoaa ye
aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueio nioe?ioaoi?/io nenoaio.
I?iaaaeaii no?oeoo?ecaoe?th nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai
i?aei?e?inoaa, aecia/aii ?? iniiai? iiiyooy oa i?eioeeie, ui ? aacith
aeey canoinoaaiiy caaaeueii? iaoiaeieia?? i?e iiaoaeia? iiaeaeae
ooieoe?iiaeueieo (i?iaeaiieo) iaiaaeaeiaio?a.
Eiaeiee aeae iaiaaeaeiaioo ?icaeyaea?oueny ye ea?iaaiee ia’?eo ?c iaaiei
neeaaeii aeaiaio?a (ooieoe?e), no?oeoo?ith (eia?eith) ?aae?caoe??
ooieoe?e, iaaieie ?acoeueoaoaie ooieoe?iioaaiiy. Oeae ia’?eo ae?? /a?ac
ea?oth/? no?oeoo?i? iaeeieoe?: iaai? i?aai?caoe?eio no?oeoo?o, ooieoe??
oi?aae?iiy, no?aoaa?th, iie?oeeo, ui iiaeia aecia/eoe iieacieeaie
ae?yeueiino?.
Oi?ioaaiiy nenoaie ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo i?iieneiaiai i?aei?e?inoaa
a oiiaao aaeaioaoe?? aei ?eieiaeo oiia iiaeiii caii/aoeiaoaaoeny ia
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo, i?aaiaeo, oaoi?/ieo canaaeao, iai?aaeaieo ia
ia?aoai?aiiy no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy, oi?ie aeaniino?, i?aaiaiai noaoono,
caeaoieo i?eaanoe i?aei?e?inoai aei o?iainiaiai icaei?iaeaiiy,
ca?eueoaiiy ianya?a aeioneo eiieo?aioini?iiiaeii? i?iaeoeoe??,
i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa, oiaoi ia o?e nenoai? caoiae?a,
yea caaacia/eoue onoiaiiy i?ioe??//y i?ae aeiiaaie ciai?oiueiai
na?aaeiaeua (?eieo) ? canoa??eith eia?eith iiaaae?iee i?aei?e?inoaa.
Cai?iiiiiaaia ai?eciioaeueii-aa?oeeaeueia ?iaa??aioia no?oeoo?a
ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa aea? iiaeeea?noue
/?oei noi?ioethaaoe oe?e? oa ooieoe?? ye i?aei?e?inoaa a oe?eiio (ia
??ai? aaia?aeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo), oae ? ia iine?aeoth/eo ??aiyo
oi?aae?iiy, a oaeiae ia?aoe oa noai?eoe iaaiee oei i?aai?caoe?eii?
no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii.
Iiaoaeiaaia ca i?eioeeiaie nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo oaea no?oeoo?a aeicaiey?
aecia/eoe aeine?aeaeoaaiee ia’?eo, ye i?aai?/io eiino?oeoe?th c ??
oe?e?ni?noth, no?oeoo?i?noth, aca?iicaeaaei?noth, ???a?o?/i?noth,
??ciiiai?ooyi iieno.
Iniiao iaoiaeieia?? no/aniiai oi?aae?iiy neeaaeathoue i?aai?caoe?eii-
aeiiii?/i? iiaeae? aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei
i?aei?e?inoaii. ?ic?iaeaii oae? iiaeae? noiniaii ooieoe?iiaeueieo
(i?iaeaiieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a): no?aoaa?/iiai, ia?eaoeia-iaiaaeaeiaioo,
eaae?iaiai, o?iainiaiai, ?iiiaaoe?eiiai, aeieia?/iiai, ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai,
iia?aoe?eiiai, ye? ?ice?eaathoue i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci
ooieoe?iioaaiiy ??cieo iai?yie?a ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa. Iiaeeaeaia
no?oeoo?ecaoe?y oeeo iiaeaeae aeicaiey? iiaoaeoaaoe i?ia?aei? no?oeoo?i?
i?ae?icae?ee i?aei?e?inoaa, aecia/eoe ?o ooieoe??, iie?oeeo a?aeiia?aeii
aei no?aoaa?? ?icaeoeo onueiai i?aei?e?inoaa, noai?eoe iaoai?ci
aeiiii?/ieo a?aeiinei, ae?iaeoe e?eoa??? ioe?iee ae?yeueiino? oa
i?iaiaeeoe aiae?c ?acoeueoaoeaiino? ?iaioe ca ieie.
A iaaeao iia?aoe?eiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo (oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?ioeanii)
?ic?iaeai? ie?ai? i?aenenoaie: iia?aoeaia oi?aae?iiy, oi?aae?iiy
oiaa?ieie ?ano?naie, oi?aae?iiy i?iaeoeoeai?noth oa ye?noth, oi?aae?iiy
i?aeeaaeeie (ia?niiaeii) ye neeaaeia? /anoeie ?aeeii? nioe?ioaoi?/ii?
nenoaie oa ye aeaiaioe aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueii? iia?aoe?eii? nenoaie.
Oaeee i?aeo?ae ia? i?eioeeiiaa cia/aiiy aeey i?aeoeee ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
aaeeeeo i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa, a oiae? yei? noai?ththoueny
oieaeeiaia? eiiiai??. Aei/??i?i i?aei?e?inoaai oieaeeiao aeioe?eueii
aeei?enoiaoaaoe cai?iiiiiaaiee iaoai?ci oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith
ae?yeuei?noth, oae ye a?i caaacia/o? iioeiaeueio i?aai?caoe?th a oiiaao
aenieiai nooiaiy naiino?eiino?. Ooieoe?iiaeuei? iaiaaeaeiaioe ia ??ai?
oieaeeiao ? ciai?oi?ie oaeoi?aie, ui ae?thoue ia aei/??i? i?aei?e?inoaa.
I?ae ieie noai?th?oueny i?aai?caoe?eii-i?aaiaee aaeain ?ioa?an?a.
I?e cae?eniaii? iia?aoeaiiai oi?aae?iiy ae?iaieoeoaii aaaeeeai
a?aoiaoaaoe ianooii? i?eioeeie: iiaeeea?noue ?aae?caoe?? nenoaiiiai
i?aeoiaeo i?e ae??oaii? i?iaeai oi?aae?iiy; caaacia/aiiy anoaiiaeaiiy
ca’yce?a: iaoeiai-iaoiaee/ieo, ii?iaoeaieo, iaoa??aeueieo oa ?ioeo;
eii?aeeioth/a ?ieue oi?aae?iiy iieyaa? ia o?eueee o aecia/aii?
caaaeueii? iaoe, aeieeaath/eo ?c ia? ie?aieo oe?eae, aea e a
?aoe?iiaeueiiio ?iciiae?e? ?ano?n?a a caaacia/aii? ?o ni?eueiiai oa
oe?eani?yiiaaiiai aeei?enoaiiy; iiaeeea?noue iia?aoeaii ?aaoethaaoe nai
i?ioean, aiineoe ei?aeoeae a ie?ai? ??oaiiy, iia’ycoaaoe ?o c aeoiaeii
i?ia?aie a oe?eiio a caeaaeiino? a?ae ci?ie neooaoe?? i?ioiaeaeaiiy
i?aai?caoe?eiiai ?icaeoeo nenoaie.
?ic?iaeaiee aeai?eoi oa iaoiaeeea oi?aae?iiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaei?noth
i?iaeoeoe?? aeicaieeoue aaoiiaoecoaaoe oeae i?ioean ? i?iaiaeeoe eiai
i?e oi?ioaaii? ii?ooaey caiiaeaiue (oiaa?ii? ani?oeiaioii? i?ia?aie),
i?e ?ic?iaoe? iiaeo oiaa??a, ?, cae/aeii ae , i?e aecia/aii?
eiieo?aioieo iiceoe?e nai?? i?iaeoeoe?? oa i?iaeoeoe?? ia?oia??a ia
?eieo.
I?e ooieoe?iiaeueiiio i?aeoiae? aei i?iaeaie yeino? on? aeine?aeaeaiiy
i?iaiaeyoueny a?aeiinii ooieoe?e oiaa?o, ye? ?icaeyaeathoueny c iiceoe??
?o cia/ouino?, oi?i i?iyao, ni?eeiyooy niiaeeaa/ai ? o. ?ioa. Oaea
iiaeaiiy yeino? aea? iiaeeea?noue aeine?aeeoe oaeoi?e, ye? aecia/athoue
ye?noue ? cao?aoe a eiiieaen? ia on?o noaae?yo aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo oiaa?o.
?iaioa ii i?aeaeuaiith eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? oiaa?o iiaeiia aeeth/aoe
oae? i?ioeaaeo?e, ye: oi?ioaaiiy iiaeeeaeo iai?yie?a iie?auaiiy iaaieo
aeanoeainoae oiaa?o; aiae?c oa a?aea?? iniiaieo aeanoeainoae, iaea?eueo
aaaeaieo c aieo iieoioey; ii??aiyeueiee aiae?c a?ae?a?aieo aeanoeainoae
aiaeia?/ieo oiaa??a ia ?eieo; oi?ioaaiiy oe?eueiaeo onoaiiaie iie?auaiiy
aeanoeainoae ae?iao c o?aooaaiiyi oaeoi??a cao?ao ae?iaieoeoaa oa
oaoiieia?/ieo iaiaaeaiue; ioe?iea i/?eoaaii? eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?
noai?thaaiiai oiaa?o; neeaaeaiiy oaoi?/iiai caaaeaiiy ia ?ic?iaeo
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiiai oiaa?o.
Nenoaiiee i?aeo?ae aei oi?aae?iiy ye?noth ia?aaeaa/a? i?aai?caoe?th
aeeiiaiiy ??oaiue a ?aeeiiio i?ioean? oi?ioaaiiy, a?aeoai?aiiy ?
i?aeo?eiee yeino? ia’?eoo ia on?o noaae?yo eiai “aeeoo?aiai oeeeeo” ?
iieyaa? a oe?eani?yiiaai?e ?iaio? an?o neoaea i?aei?e?inoaa ii
caaacia/aiith i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? ae?iaieoeoaa ? yeino? ?iaioe.
Aaaeeeaa ?ieue a oe?e ?iaio? a?aeaiaeeoueny i?aei?e?inoao.
Eiio?ie?ia ye nenoaia oi?aae?iiy i?eaooeii i?aei?e?inoaa ciaoiaeeoue ana
aaaii?oa i?noea a i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/iiio iaoai?ci? a?o/eciyieo
i?aei?e?inoa. Cai?iiiiiaaia iiaeaeue eiio?ie?iao aea? iiaeeea?noue /?oei
ona?aeiieoe oeae i?ioean, aecia/eoe eiai i?noea a no?oeoo??
i?aei?e?inoaa, oiiae ooieoe?iioaaiiy oa i?iaiaeeoe aeaoaeueiee aiae?c
aeiiii?/ieo ? o?iainiaeo iieaciee?a ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa c iaoith
oi?aae?iiy eiai i?eaooeii.
Ocaaaeueiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue noo? eiio?ie?iao iieacothoue, ui
oiiaaie eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy ?: iayai?noue o?einio?? o??ie, oiaoi
?ic?iaeaii? nenoaie ocaiaeaeaiiy oe?eae aaia?aeueiiai iaiaaeaeiaioo
i?aei?e?inoaa; canoinoaaiiy ieaioaaiiy, ui a?oioo?oueny ia nenoai?
i?yiiai ? cai?ioiiai ca’yceo, c oeeee?/iei aiae?cii ieaiiaeo ? oaeoe/ieo
iieaciee?a. ?nioaaiiy naii?aaoeueiaaiiai cai?ioiiai ca’yceo c
iaaeieeoi?i na?aaeiaeuai, ?ic?iaeaia nenoaia iae?eo iiaieo cao?ao ?
nenoaia iae?eo noi iie?eooy; aeoea?caoe?y iaiaoa??aeueieo oaeoi??a,
oaeeo ye iioeaaoe?y ? iiaeeea?noue i?iyaeoe on? iniaeno? yeino? aeey
iaae?eiiai caaacia/aiiy ? ?nioaaiiy o??ie. Iniaeeai aoaeoeaia ? aaaeaia
nenoaia eiio?ie?iao oai, aea noai?aii ooieoe?iiaeueiee iaiaaeaeiaio, aea
ooieoe?? oi?aae?iiy aeaeaaiaai? a?aeae?eai ? neoaeaai.
A iaaeao nenoaie eiio?ie?iao i?ia?aeia i?noea caeia? oi?aae?iiy
aeo?aoaie oa ae?ia?oeith. Cai?iiiiiaaiee aeai?eoi oeiai i?ioeano –
aaaeeeaee ?ino?oiaio aiae?co oa eiio?ieth onueiai i?ioeano ae?iaieoeoaa,
oae ye aeicaiey? i?aai?coaaoe eiai aoaeoeaii c i???ioaoe??th ia
e?ioeaaee ?acoeueoao.
Iaiaaeaeiaio a iaeano? aeo?ao iiaeiiee ioiiethaaoe noeoii?noue iaoiae?a,
ye? c oia?aaeaeaiiyi aieeaathoue ia no?oeoo?o oa aeeiai?eo aeo?ao a
noi?iio ?o cieaeaiiy.
Aaaeeeaa cia/aiiy a oiiaao no?oeoo?ii? ia?aaoaeiae i?aei?e?inoa iiaeiii
iaoe oi?aae?iiy cao?aoaie ia iniia? aeae?a ae?yeueiino?, yea aeicaieeoue
eiio?iethaaoe iaeeaaei? aeo?aoe oeyoii aeae?eaiiy ia?oii?e/ei oeo /e
?ioeo aeo?ao. Oaeee i?aeo?ae aoaea a?eueo nenoaiiei oa ?aoe?iiaeueiei,
oae ye aeicaieeoue a?aoiaoaaoe, ui nia?aa?o?noue i?iaeoeoe??
aecia/a?oueny iia?aoe?yie, iaiao?aeieie aeey noai?aiiy: ?ic?iaeith,
i?iaeooaaiiyi, ae?iaieoeoaii, ia?eaoeiaii ? na?a?niei ianeoaiaoaaiiyi.
O?eueee c?icoi?aoe an? iia?aoe??, ui aoiaeyoue aei oiai /e ?ioiai
ae?iaieoeoaa, iiaeia oi?aaeyoe cao?aoaie.
Aeey noai?aiiy aoaeoeaii? oa ae?th/i? nenoaie iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai
i?aei?e?inoaa, yea a nie?aeany ia /?oeo oa iaa?oioiaaio no?aoaa?th
?icaeoeo, ?ic?iaeaii eiiieaenio eiii’thoa?io nenoaio i?aeo?eiee
i?eeiyooy ??oaiue (NII?) aeey no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo “AAe?N”, ui
i?ecia/aia aeey aeuiai (aaia?aeueiiai) ea??aieoeoaa i?aei?e?inoaa. Oey
?ioi?iaoe?eii-ae??ooth/a nenoaia eeano “ii?aaeieoeueeeo” ?ioi?iaoe?eieo
nenoai aeicaiey? ae?iaeyoe eiie?aoia oi?aae?inueea ??oaiiy, aeae?aoe
iio??ai? aeueoa?iaoeai? aa??aioe, ci?ithaaoe /e ei?aaoaaoe ?o ? acaaae?
a?aeoeeyoe iaaoaeoeai? c ieo.
Aeiiae aei ?ioi?iaoe?eiiai caaacia/aiiy oi?aae?iiy a oiiaao aeeiai?/ii?
eii’thieoo?e ?eieo aecia/athoueny iaiiaiioith ?ioi?iaoe??, aeinooiii?
inia?, ui i?eeia? ??oaiiy (II?), a oaeiae iaicia/ai?noth oa
iaia?aaeaa/ai?noth oe?eae ? caaaeaiue oi?aae?iiy.
?iaioa nenoaie “AAe?N” nie?a?oueny ia aeaa iniiaieo eiiieaena ae?e
no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo i?aei?e?inoaa: no?aoaa?/iiai ieaioaaiiy, ye
iinoaiiae ia?niaeoeaieo (ianooaaieo oa aeiaaino?ieiaeo) oe?eae,
caaeainiaaieo ?c caniaaie, ui caaacia/othoue ?o oa eiio?ie?iao, ye
aacia?a?aiiai ei?aaoaaiiy ii?ie (oe?eae ? cania?a), caaaeath/e oa
iino?eii ae?th/? ci?ie a ciai?oi?o oa aioo??oi?o na?aaeiaeuao
i?aei?e?inoaa.
Cai?iiiiiaai? iaoiaeeee ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? iaiaaeaeiaioo iathoue
i?eioeeiiaa cia/aiiy ye aeey a/aieo, ui caeiathoueny i?iaeaiaie
iaiaaeaeiaioo, oae ? aeey i?aeoee?a (ea??aiee?a i?aei?e?inoa), ye?
ai?iaaaeaeothoue iia? i?aai?caoe?ei? no?oeoo?e oa i?aai?caoe?ei?
?iiiaaoe??. O?aaeeoe?ei? i?aeoiaee c iaia’yceiaei ?ic?aooieii
aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino? a eiooiaiiio ae?aaeaii? ia aeathoue ia’?eoeaii?
ioe?iee cai?iiiiiaaieo iiaiaaaaeaiue, oae ye noai?aiiy iiai? nenoaie
iaiaaeaeiaioo – oea aeeaieee ?iiiaaoe?eiee i?ioean, yeee ioiieth? ia
o?eueee aeiiii?/iee a, ia?o ca ana, nioe?aeueii-ineoieia?/iee,
iioeaaoe?eiee iaoai?cie ethaeae ? aieeaa? ia oi?ioaaiiy i?aai?caoe?eii?
eoeueoo?e i?aei?e?inoaa a oe?eiio.
?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? iaiaaeaeiaioo aeicaieeoue
i?iaiaeeoe oeae i?ioean a?eueo oe?eani?yiiaaii ? a?aooaaoe oe?eo nenoaio
?acoeueooth/eo iieaciee?a, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoue ye?ni? aeanoeaino? ye
ia’?eoo, oae ? noa’?eoo oi?aae?iiy.
Aoaeoeai?noue iaiaaeaeiaioo iiaea ioe?ithaaoeny caeaaei?noth a?ae aieeao
i?aenoieiaiai iieacieea ae?yeueiino? ia i?aeaeuaiiy e?ioeaaeo
?acoeueoao?a ae?iaie/i? ae?yeueiino? i?aei?e?inoaa. Noeoii?noue
ooieoe?e, ui ?aae?co?oueny aeaiith a?oiith ethaeae (i?ae?icae?eii)
iiaea?oueny ye ia’?eo (nenoaia), ui aiae?co?oueny. Oa?aeoa?enoeea
ia’?eoa, ui a?aeia?aaea? eiai a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue i?eioeeiai
no/aniino?, aeooae?caoe??, cina?aaeaeaiiy ? aio/eino? aeeiioaaieo
ooieoe?e, a?aeia?aaea? eiai ooieoe?iiaeueio i?aai?ciaai?noue.
No/ani? oiiae i?aae’yaeythoue ye?nii iia? aeiiae aei nenoaie
iaiaaeaeiaioa a oe?eiio, aei iaiaaeaea??a oa a?cianiai?a, aeeeeeath/e
a?eueo aenieo iai?oaeai?noue ?o i?aoe?, aeiaaathoue ai?iiy oe?ioaaoe
/an, aieiae?iiy eiiieaenaie i?aai?caoe?eieo oa ineoieia?/ieo yeinoae,
c?inoa? aeaiaio oai?/ino? a ?o ?iaio?. O ca’yceo c oeei ci?iththoueny
e?eoa??? ioe?iee aoaeoeaiino? ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?aai?caoe?eieo ?iiiaaoe?e,
aei yeeo iiaeia a?aeianoe ? cai?iiiiiaaio aaoi?nueeo nenoaio
iaiaaeaeiaioo aeey ae?iaie/eo i?aei?e?inoa.
?ic?iaeaia nenoaia iaiaaeaeiaioo ae?iaie/iai i?aei?e?inoaa oa ie?ai?
eiai ooieoe?iiaeuei? iiaeae? ai?iaaaeaeai? ia eiie?aoieo i?aei?e?inoaao
i?e i?iaaaeaii? i?ioeano ?o ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??.
A?aoiaoth/e iia?aeiieaiee o?yaeii e?a?ie eo?n ia ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th ye
on??? aeiiii?ee, oae ? ie?aieo ?? aaeocae oa i?aei?e?inoa ?, aa?o/e aei
oaaae aeina?ae oaeiai i?ioeano a iinonioe?ae?noe/ieo e?a?iao,
ea??aieoeoai aaeeeeo i?aei?e?inoa ona?aeiieth?, ui o?eueee ?eieiaa
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y ciiaea i?eaanoe aei aeiei??iiiai ceiio noa?i?
no?oeoo?e i?aei?e?inoa ? noai?aiiy iiai?, a?eueo ye?nii? ? naiino?eii?,
yea aeicaieeoue aeaeeoe a i?ieeaeo oiiaao ?eieo. ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?th
iio??aii ?icaeyaeaoe ye ?iiiaaoe?eiee i?ioean a aeiiii?oe? e?a?ie (ia
iae?i??ai?) oa ye no?aoaa?th ?icaeoeo i?aei?e?inoa i?e aaeaioaoe?? aei
?eieiaeo oiia (ia i?e?i??ai?). Oea aaaaoia?aiiee oai?/ee i?ioean, yeee
iio?aao? ??ciia?/ieo ciaiue, aeina?aeo ?iaioe, ai?iiy ia?aaeaa/aoe e
?eceeoaaoe.
Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeieia?y nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo ciaeoea a?aeia?aaeaiiy
i?e ?ic?iaoe? i?iaeoo ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae
“Ieaai”. I?iaiiciaaiee aeiiii?/iee aoaeo a?ae noai?aiiy iiai? nenoaie
i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e oi?aae?iiy ca i?eioeeiaie iaiaaeaeiaioo
neeaaea? 120 oen. a?i. ia ??e. I?e ?aae?caoe?? i?iaeoo ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe??
ca aeaiith iaoiaeieia??th noai?aii aeiiii?/ii ? o?iainiai naiino?eiee
i?ae?icae?e AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai” – “Eioaeueiy-Ieaai” ii
ae?iaieoeoao oaieiaia?a??. I/?eoaaiee aoaeo a?ae ai?iaaaeaeaiiy iiai?
oi?ie i?aai?caoe?? ?iaioe i?ae?icae?eo i?aei?e?inoaa ca ?aooiie
cieaeaiiy iaeeaaeieo aeo?ao neeaaea? 1.2 iei.a?i.
Ie?ai? oai?aoe/i? iieiaeaiiy oa i?aeoe/i? ?ic?iaee ? iaoiaeeee
ai?iaaaeaeaii a iaa/aeueiee i?ioean.
Nienie iioae?eiaaieo i?aoeue ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??:
1. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. I?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iiaeae?
aaaaoiooieoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ith ae?yeuei?noth
i?aei?e?inoaa ia iniia? no/aniiai iaiaaeaeiaioo.-Ieeiea?a: OAeIOO,
1997.-170 n.
2. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. ?ioi?iaoe?eia oa i?ia?aiia caaacia/aiiy
ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie no?aoaa?/iiai iaiaaeaeiaioo “AAe?N”
(Aaei?i?no?aoeaia ?ioi?iaoe?eia Nenoaia) : Iaoeiaee iin?aiee.- Ieeiea?a:
OAeIOO, 1997.-32 n.
3. Oaaeoeiaa E. E. Eiiiaaoeeiiiue iaiaaeaeiaio: Iaoiaee/aneea oeacaiey.
– Ieeieaaa: OAIOO, 1995. – 27 n.
4. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. I?iaeaie oi?aae?iiy i?iieneiaei i?aei?e?inoaii. –
(I?ai?./ OAeIOO) Ieeiea?a:OAeIOO, 1997. – 32 n.
5. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?., Eiaeio I. I. I?iaeaie noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy: aeiiii?/iee
aniaeo. – Aeiiaoeuee:IAI Oe?a?ie ?i-o aeiiii?ee i?ii-no?, 1997. – 48 n.
Iniaenoee aianie: ?aeay oa oai?aoe/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy aeiiii?/ieo
i?ioean?a a aaeoc? noaeiiaoaeoaaiiy.
6. Oaaeoeiaa E. E. Iiaeaee?iaaiea aeayoaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo
nenoai // Iiaua eioi?iaoeeiiiua nenoaiu: Na. iao/. o?./ Ieeieaaa: OAIOO,
1997.-N.45-49.
7. Eiaeio I. I., Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai”:
oeyoe aeoiaeo c e?ece // Aeiiii?ea Oe?a?ie.-1997.-?11. – N. 37-42
Iniaenoi Oaaeoeiaith E. ?. cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeieia?th ?ic?iaee i?iaeoo
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?aei?e?inoaa.
8. Eiaeio I. I. , Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. ?icoe?oiiaiiy ? aeeaa?neo?eaoe?y ia
eiie?aoiiio i?eeeaae? // Oe?a?inueeee aeiiii?no.-1997.-?3. – N.28-29
Iniaenoee aianie: oai?aoe/ia iaa?oiooaaiiy oeyo?a oa iaoiae?a
?icoe?oiiaiiy i?aei?e?inoaa.
9. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. I?aai?caoe?eii-iaoiaeieia?/i? aniaeoe
?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa // Aea?aeaaiee ?ioi?iaoe?eiee
atheaoaiue “I?i i?eaaoecaoe?th”.-1997.-?8.-N. 68-70.
10. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?., E?eeaiei A. ?. Ia?oi/a?aia? caaaeaiiy iuaaeaaieo //
A?niee iaoe?iiaeueiiai aaieo Oe?a?ie.-1997. ?9.- N. 49 – 50.
Iniaenoee aianie: cai?iiiiiaaii oa iaa?oioiaaii no?aoaa?th ?icaeoeo
oaei? i?aai?caoe?eii? no?oeoo?e ye iuaaeiee aaie.
11. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. Oi?aae?iiy aoaeeoi?nueeith ae?yeuei?noth //
Aooaaeoa?nueeee iae?e ? aoaeeo. – 1995. – ? 8. – N. 24-26.
12. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. ?iiiaaoe?eia ae?yeuei?noue AAO “Noaeiiaoae?aiee
caaiae “Ieaai” oa oeyoe ?? aaeineiiaeaiiy // I?iaeaiu iiauoaiey
yooaeoeaiinoe ooieoeeiie?iaaiey i?aaei?eyoee ?acee/iuo oi?i
nianoaaiiinoe: Na.iao/.o?. / IAI Oe?aeiu Ei-o yeiiiieee i?ii-noe. –
Aeiiaoee, 1997. – N. 331-343
13. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. Aiae?c ?ioi?iaoe?eii? no?oeoo?e AAO
“Noaeiiaoae?aiee caaiae “Ieaai”//Eiaanoeoeee: ?ano?nu, iaoaieciu
noeioee?iaaiey: Na.iao/.o?. /IAI Oe?aeiu Ei-o yeiiiieee i?ii-noe. –
Aeiiaoee, 1997. – N. 207-216.
14. Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. Iiaeaethaaiiy a oi?aae?ii?//Oi?aaeaiea yeiiiieeie
ia?aoiaeiiai ia?eiaea: Na.iao/.o?. / IAI Oe?aeiu Ei-o yeiiiieee
i?ii-noe. – Aeiiaoee, 1997. – N. 305-315.
AIIOAOe?ss
Oaaeoeiaa E. ?. Nenoaiia oi?aae?iiy i?aei?e?inoaii ia iniia?
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/ieo iiaeaeae. – ?oeiien.
Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca
niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.06.01 – aeiiii?ea i?aei?e?inoaa ? i?aai?caoe?y
ae?iaieoeoaa. – ?inoeooo aeiiii?ee i?iieneiaino? IAI Oe?a?ie,
Aeiiaoeuee, 1998.
Aeena?oaoe?th i?enay/aii ieoaiiyi oi?aae?iiy ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii a
?eieiaeo oiiaao. A aeena?oaoe?? ?ic?iaeaii iiaee iai?yiie a iaoiaeieia??
oi?aae?iiy nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieie nenoaiaie, yeee a?oioo?oueny ia
eiioeaioe?? no/aniiai ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo. ?ic?iaeaii
i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i? iiaeae? ooieoe?iiaeueieo iaiaaeaeiaio?a ye
i?aenenoaie caaaeueii? nenoaie ae?iaie/iai iaiaaeaeiaioo, ye? aeathoue
iiaeeea?noue iiaoaeoaaoe iiao ia?ai?caoe?eio no?oeoo?o oi?aae?iiy
ae?iaie/ei i?aei?e?inoaii oa canoinoaaoe eiai aeiiii?/iee iaoai?ci a
oiiaao ?eieiaiai ioi/aiiy. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe i?aoe? ciaeoee i?aeoe/ia
ai?iaaaeaeaiiy i?e ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?? i?iieneiaeo i?aei?e?inoa.
Eeth/ia? neiaa: ae?iaie/ee iaiaaeaeiaio, i?aai?caoe?eii-aeiiii?/i?
iiaeae?, ooieoe?iiaeuei? iaiaaeaeiaioe, ?ano?oeoo?ecaoe?y, aeiiii?/iee
iaoai?ci.
Oaaeoeiaa E. E. Nenoaiiia oi?aaeaiea i?aaei?eyoeai ia iniiaa
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneeo iiaeaeae. – ?oeiienue.
Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie aeieoi?a yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.06.01 – yeiiiieea i?aaei?eyoey e i?aaiecaoeey
i?iecaiaenoaa. –Einoeooo yeiiiieee i?iiuoeaiiinoe IAI Oe?aeiu. –
Aeiiaoee, 1998.
Aeenna?oaoeey iinayuaia aii?inai oi?aaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiui
i?aaei?eyoeai a ?uii/iuo oneiaeyo. A aeenna?oaoeee ?ac?aaioaii iiaia
iai?aaeaiea a iaoiaeieiaee oi?aaeaiey nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeie
nenoaiaie, eioi?ia iniiauaaaony ia eiioeaioeee nia?aiaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iaiaaeaeiaioa. ?ac?aaioaiu
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneea iiaeaee ooieoeeiiaeueiuo iaiaaeaeiaioia
eae iiaenenoaiu iauae nenoaiu i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iaiaaeaeiaioa, eioi?ua
aeatho aiciiaeiinoue iino?ieoue iiaoth i?aaiecaoeeiiioth no?oeoo?o
oi?aaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiui i?aaei?eyoeai e i?eiaieoue yeiiiie/aneee
iaoaieci aai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a oneiaeyo ?uii/iiai ie?oaeaiey. Iniiaiua
?acoeueoaou ?aaiou iaoee i?aeoe/aneia aiaae?aiea i?e ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeee
i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: i?iecaiaenoaaiiue iaiaaeaeiaio,
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneea iiaeaee, ooieoeeiiaeueiua iaiaaeaeiaiou,
?ano?oeoo?ecaoeey, yeiiiie/aneee iaoaieci.
SUMMARY
Fedulova L. I. The system management of enterprise on the basic of
organized – economic models. – Manuscript.
Thesis for a doctor’s degree by speciality 08.06.01 – Economy of the
enterprise and organization of manufacture. – The institute of Economy
Industrial. The Ukrainian National Academy of sciences (NAS),– Donetsk,
1998.
The thesis is devoted to the subject of management production enterprise
under the market conditions. In thesis has been worked out he new
approach to methodology of management of social-enonomik systems. Which
is based on the conception of modern produntion management. The
organized-economic models of the functioned management has been worked
out as subsystems of general system of production management wich gives
the possibility to build up a new organized structure of enterprise
management and to apply the economic mechanism , its function under
market.
The main results of work were put into practice in the restructurization
of industrial enterprise.
Key words : production management , organized-economic models ,
functioned management , restructurization , enterprise management.
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