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Розповсюдження радіовипромінювання в магнітосферах пульсарів: Автореф. дис… канд. фіз.-мат. наук / С.А. Петрова, НАН України. Голов. астрон. обсерва

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

AIEIAIA ANO?IIII?*IA IANA?AAOI??ss

IAO?IAA NA?OEAIA AIAOIE??AIA

OAeE 524.354.4

?ICIIANTHAeAEAIIss ?AAe?IAEI?II?ITHAAIIss

A IAAI?OINOA?AO IOEUeNA??A

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 01.03.02 – ano?io?ceea, ?aae?iano?iiii?y

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe

Ee?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?aae?iano?iiii?/iiio ?inoeooo?

Iaoe?iiaeueii? Aeaaeai?? Iaoe Oe?a?ie, i. Oa?e?a.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: eaiaeeaeao o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe

Ethaa?nueeee TH??e Aeueoiiiiiae/,

?aae?iano?iiii?/iee ?inoeooo IAI Oe?a?ie,

noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee.

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe: aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe,

i?ioani? THoeioe Aaeai Ei?ieeiae/,

Aieiaia ano?iiii?/ia iana?aaoi??y IAI Oe?a?ie,

caa?aeoth/ee a?aeae?eii eini?/ii? ieacie;

eaiaeeaeao o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe

Ionaoaiei Na?a?e ?aaiiae/,

Ano?iiii?/ia iana?aaoi??y Ee?anueeiai

iaoe?iiaeueiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ?i. O.A.Oaa/aiea,

noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee.

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: Aea?aeaaiee ano?iiii?/iee ?inoeooo ?i. Ooa?iaa?aa,
a?aeae?e ?aeyoea?nonueei? ano?io?ceee, i. Iineaa.

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “22” ea?oiy 1999 ?. i 10 aiaeei? ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae26.208.01 i?e Aieiai?e ano?iiii?/i?e
iana?aaoi??? IAI Oe?a?ie (252650, Ee?a-22, Aiein??a, AAI IAIO).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? Aieiaii?
ano?iiii?/ii? iana?aaoi??? IAI Oe?a?ie (252650, Ee?a-22, Aiein??a, AAI
IAIO).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “20” aa?aciy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa? Niaoe?aeeciaaii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe Aon?aa I.A.

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Ioeuena?e – aaeaeoe/i? ?aae?iaeaea?aea c ?iioeueniei oa?aeoa?ii
aei?ii?ithaaiiy – ? iaeiei c iaeoe?eaa?oeo ia’?eo?a ano?io?ce/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue. ?o iniiaiith iniaeea?noth ? oi/ia ia??iaee/i?noue
?iioeuen?a. Ia??iaee ioeuena??a ia ia?aaeuothoue aeae?eueeio naeoiae ?
caeeoathoueny noaa?eueieie c aeoaea aenieith oi/i?noth. Ia?oa oaea
aeaea?aei aoei a?aee?eoi o 1967 ?., a ca?ac a?aeiii aaea aeecueei 700
ioeuena??a.

Caaaeueiii?eeiyoi ioioiaeithaaoe ioeuena?e ?c oaeaeei iaa?oiaeie
caiaai?/aieie iaeo?iiieie c??eaie. Aiie aeieeathoue ia caeeth/iiio aoai?
aaiethoe?? ianeaieo c??ie aiane?aeie aeaooo iaaeiiai?. Aei?ii?ithaaiiy
ioeuena?a cina?aaeaeaii o aocueeiio eiion? iiaeeco iaai?oii? in?.
Iaa?oaiiy iaeo?iiii? c??ee i?eaiaeeoue aei ia??iaee/iiai iiaoi?aiiy
niinoa?aaeoaaieo ?iioeuen?a. I?e oeueiio, cae/aeii, ia??iae iiaoi?aiiy
?iioeuen?a ca?aa?oueny c ia??iaeii iaa?oaiiy c??ee.

Neeueia aeaeo?e/ia iiea, ui aeieea? aiane?aeie iaa?oaiiy iaeo?iiii?
c??ee ?c iaaeneeueiei iaai?oiei iieai, iiaea ae?eaaoe c ?? iiaa?oi?
ca?yaeaeai? /anoeiee ? i?enei?thaaoe ?o aei oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonueeeo
aia?a?e. ?oo oeeo /anoeiie a iaai?oiiio iie? ioeuena?a ni?e/eiy?
?icaeoie aeaeo?ii-iiceo?iiiiai eaneaaeo, yeee caiiaith? iaai?oinoa?o
ieaciith. Oey ieacia oa/a acaeiaae iaai?oieo neeiaeo e?i?e o aocuee?e
o?oaoe? iiaeeco iaai?oii? in? ? iai?ee?ioe? iieeaea? iaai?oinoa?o a
oi?i? ioeuena?iiai a?o?o.

Oaeei /eiii, o neeia?e o?oaoe? iino?eii aaia?o?oueny
oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonueea aeaeo?ii-iiceo?iiia ieacia, yea ? aeaea?aeii
?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena?a. Aei?ii?ithaaiiy oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonueei?
ieacie oa?aeoa?eco?oueny neeueiith iai?aaeai?noth aia?aae, iacaeaaeii
a?ae iaoai?cio aei?ii?ithaaiiy, – oiio oe?eia ?iioeueno ioeuena?a
iiaeiia aecia/aoeny ?icoeeii neeiai? o?oaee a iaeano? aaia?aoe??
aei?ii?ithaaiiy. Aocuee?noue niinoa?aaeoaaieo ?aae?i?iioeuen?a
na?ae/eoue i?i oa, ui aei?ii?ithaaiiy aeieea? aeineoue aeeaiei
ana?aaeei? neeiai? o?oaee. Ca oaia??oiueiai /ano ia ?nio?
caaaeueiii?eeiyoi? oai??? aaia?aoe?? ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena??a.
Iaeia/a ynii, ui ?yae oa?aeoa?enoee ioeuena?iiai aei?ii?ithaaiiy ia?
aecia/aoenue aeanoeainoyie iaai?oinoa?ii? ieacie ye na?aaeiaeua
?iciianthaeaeaiiy oaeeue. Oa?aeoa?enoeee oaeeue, ui aeoiaeyoue c
iaai?oinoa?e, iiaeooue nooo?ai ci?ithaaoenue aiane?aeie ?ao?aeoe??,
aaiethoe?? iiey?ecaoe??, oeeeeio?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy oa ?icn?thaaiiy ia
/anoeieao ioeuena?ii? ieacie. Aeaia aeena?oaoe?eia ?iaioa i?enay/aia
aeine?aeaeaiith aoaeo?a ?iciianthaeaeaiiy aei?ii?ithaaiiy a neeia?e
o?oaoe? ioeuena?a.

O ?iaio? [1] aoei iieacaii, ui ?ao?aeoe?y oaeeue o ioeuena?i?e ieaci?
iiaea nooo?ai ci?ithaaoe niinoa?aaeoaaio oe?eio ?aae?i?iioeuen?a; e??i
oiai, aoei ?icaeyiooi aieea ?ao?aeoe?? ia /anoioio caeaaei?noue oe?eie
?iioeueno, aeoiaey/e c caniiaeo, ui aei?ii?ithaaiiy a oe?ieiio
ae?aiacii? /anoio aeieea? ia o?eniaai?e aenio? a neeia?e o?oaoe?.
Iaeia/a ?nio? oyaeaiiy, ui ?aae?ioaee? aeieeathoue ia /anoioao ii?yaeeo
oa?aeoa?ii? ieaciiai? /anoioe (aeea., iai?., [2]). Ine?eueee aonoeia
ieacie ciaioo?oueny c a?aenoaiith aei iaeo?iiii? c??ee, aei?ii?ithaaiiy
??cieo /anoio ia? aeieeaoe ia ??cieo aenioao o neeia?e o?oaoe?. ?icaeyae
yaeua ?ao?aeoe?? noiniaii aei oeeo oiia noaiiaeoue ?ioa?an.

A oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e neeueii caiaai?/ai?e ieaci? ?niothoue aea?
e?i?eii iiey?eciaai? ii?iaeuei? oaeeueia? iiaee, ui
?iciianthaeaeothoueny aac caaanaiiy. sseui aonoeia ieacie ciaioo?oueny
acaeiaae o?a?eoi???, ii?iaeuei? oaee? aoaeooue aeoiaeeoe o oi?i?
aaeooiieo aeaeo?iiaai?oieo oaeeue. Iiey?ecaoe?y oaeeue aoaea
ci?ithaaoenue acaeiaae o?a?eoi???, aeiee aonoeia ieacie ia noaia
aeinoaoiuei iaeith (aeea., iai?., [3]). Ca?aeii c ioe?ieaie,
i?iaaaeaieie a ?iaioao [4-5], i?e ?iciianthaeaeaii? oaeeue a neeia?e
o?oaoe? ioeuena?a ?o iiey?ecaoe?y ia? nooo?ai ci?ithaaoenue. O ?iaio?
[4] ia ye?niiio ??ai? iieacaii, ui aei?ii?ithaaiiy ia aeoiae? c
iaai?oinoa?e ia? aooe ae?ioe/ii iiey?eciaaiei. Aeieea? iaiao?aei?noue
aeaoaeueii ?ic?aooaaoe ci?ithaaiiy iiey?ecaoe?eieo ia?aiao??a i?e
?iciianthaeaeaii? a iaai?oinoa?i?e ieaci?, uia aeynieoe, /e iiaea oeae
aoaeo iiynieoe eieiao iiey?ecaoe?th aei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena??a, ui /anoi
niinoa??aa?oueny ii?yae c aenieith e?i?eiith iiey?ecaoe??th.

?aeeiei a?aeiiei iaoai?ciii iiaeeiaiiy a iaai?oinoa?ao ioeuena??a ?
iiaeeiaiiy oeeeeio?iiia. Aoaeoeai?noue oeueiai i?ioeano aeoaea aeniea
[6-7], oiio iiaeia niiae?aaoeny, ui a oiae? oeeeeio?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy
/anoeiee ieacie iaaoaathoue aeinoaoiuei aia?a?? aeey oiai, uia ?o ?oo o
nenoai? oeaio?a i?a?oe noaa ?aeyoea?nonueeei. Cae/aeii, o oeueiio
aeiaaeeo i?ioean iiaeeiaiiy aaea ia aoaea iienoaaoenue oeeeeio?iiiei
ia?a??cii. Noaiiaeoue ?ioa?an ?icaeyiooe ?aciiainia iiaeeiaiiy
/anoeieaie, ui iaaoee ?aeyoea?nonueei? iaa?oaeueii? aia?a??, oa ioe?ieoe
eiai aoaeoeai?noue a oiiaao ioeuena??a.

K. Oiio iiaeia niiae?aaoenue, ui ?iaeoeiaaia eiiioii?anueea
?icn?thaaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue ia /anoeieao ioeuena?ii? ieacie a?a? cia/io
?ieue. Caaaeueia oai??y oeueiai i?ioeano noiniaii ioeuena??a aoea
?icaeoa a ?iaioao [7-9]. O noaoo? [9] aeieeea nooo?aa ?ica?aei?noue c
iniiaieie ??aiyiiyie, iaea?aeaieie a ?iaioao [7-8]. Aeey onoaaiiy
noia?a/iinoae iaiao?aeiee a?eueo aeaoaeueiee ?icaeyae i?ioeano
?iaeoeiaaiiai ?icn?thaaiiy a oiiaao ioeuena??a.

Oaeei /eiii, aaaeeea? oa?aeoa?enoeee oaeeue, ui aeoiaeyoue c
iaai?oinoa?e, iathoue aecia/aoenue ?iciianthaeaeaiiy o ieaci? ioeuena?a.
Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeo?a ?iciianthaeaeaiiy iiaeeaeth? ca’ycie oai???
ioeuena??a c ?acoeueoaoaie niinoa?aaeaiue, o /iio ? iieyaa?
aeooaeuei?noue aeaii? oaie.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie. ?iaioa aeeiiaia o a?aeae?e?
aeaeaiao?iai? ?aae?iano?iiii?? ?aae?iano?iiii?/iiai ?inoeoooo IAI
Oe?a?ie; ?? ?acoeueoaoe iaea?aeai? a ?aieao ooiaeaiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue IAI Oe?a?ie ca oaiaie “Aaeaeoeea”, “Ia?nae”; aiie oaeiae
? neeaaeiaith /anoeiith IAe? “Ioeuena?” AeEIO Oe?a?ie. *anoeia
?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe?? iaea?aeaia a ?aieao i?aeia?iaeiiai i?iaeoo
INTAS “The study of pulsars (neutron stars) and their applications in
investigations of general relativity”.

Iaoith aeaii? aeena?oaoe?? ? c’ynoaaiiy iniaeeainoae niinoa?aaeoaaiiai
?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena??a, ui iaoiiaeai? aoaeoaie
?iciianthaeaeaiiy a iaai?oinoa??, a oaeiae iaea?aeaiiy iaiaaeaiue ia
ia?aiao?e ioeuena?ii? ieacie. O ca’yceo c oeei, caaea/a aeine?aeaeaiiy
iieyaa? o aea/aii? ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue a
oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e caiaai?/ai?e ieaci?, ui caiiaith? neeiao o?oaeo
ioeuena?a.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a:

aia?oa iiyniaii niinoa?aaeai? iniaeeaino? caeaaeiino? oe?eie ?iioeueno
a?ae /anoioe ye iane?aeie ?ao?aeoe?? a iaai?oinoa??, aeoiaey/e c
caniiaeo, ui oaee? aeieeathoue ia oa?aeoa?i?e ieaciia?e /anoio?;

aia?oa iaea?aeai? ??aiyiiy, ui iienothoue ia?aiin iiey?ecaoe?? a
ioeuena?i?e ieaci?;

aia?oa ioe?iaii nooi?iue eieiai? iiey?ecaoe?? aei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena??a
aiane?aeie aoaeoo a?aie/ii? iiey?ecaoe??; i?iaiae?ciaaii ci?io nooiaiy
eieiai? iiey?ecaoe?? acaeiaae ?iioeueno;

aia?oa ?icaeyiooi neio?io?iiia iiaeeiaiiy ca oiiae iaeino? i?o/-eoo?a
/anoeiie;

aia?oa ioe?iaii iiooaei?noue niiioaiiiai neio?io?iiiiai aena?oeaiiy
/anoeiie; ciaeaeaii, ui a ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo ioeuena?ao cia/ia /anoeia
iiaeeiooi? aia?a?? ia?aaei?ii?ith?oueny o aeaeaeee ?*-ae?aiacii;

aia?oa ?icaeyiooi ?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy
ioeuena??a i?ae aaeeeei eooii aei ia?a?niiai i?iiaiy; iieacaii, ui oeae
i?ioean caaaeaee aeii?io? iaae ?icn?thaaiiyi ona?aaeei? i?iiaiy;

aia?oa iieacaii, ui i?ioean ?iaeoeiaaiiai ?icn?thaaiiy
?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy iiaea i?ecaiaeeoe aei iecueei/anoioieo caaae?a o
niaeo?ao ioeuena??a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe. Aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeo?a ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
?aae?ioaeeue o iaai?oinoa?? aeiiiaith? oai??th ioeuena??a, iie?auoth/e
?? ocaiaeaeai?noue ?c niinoa?aaeaiiyie. E??i oiai, a ?iaio? iai?/aii
iiaeeea?noue ae?aaiinoeee iaai?oinoa?ii? ieacie ia iniia?
niinoa?aaeoaaieo iniaeeainoae ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a:

iaea?aeaii /enaeueia ??oaiiy nenoaie ??aiyiue Aai?eueoiia aeey
oaeeueiaiai iaeaoa, ui ?iciianthaeaeo?oueny a oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e
caiaai?/ai?e ieaci?; ?acoeueoaoe canoiniaaii i?e aiae?c?
niinoa?aaeoaaieo iane?aee?a ?ao?aeoe?? a ioeuena?ao;

aeaaaeai? ??aiyiiy, ui iienothoue aaiethoe?th iiey?ecaoe?? ii?iaeueieo
oaeeue i?e ?iciianthaeaeaii? a iaai?oinoa?i?e ieaci?; ioe?iaii nooi?iue
eieiai? iiey?ecaoe??, ui aeieea? aiane?aeie aca?iiae?? ii?iaeueieo iiae
a iaeano? a?aie/ii? iiey?ecaoe??;

ciaeaeaii oiiae, ca yeeo /anoeiee ieacie iiaeooue iaaoaaoe
?aeyoea?nonueei? iaa?oaeueii? aia?a?? caaaeyee oeeeeio?iiiiio
iiaeeiaiith iaaeath/iai aei?ii?ithaaiiy; iieacaii, ui oea caaaeaee
aeeiio?oueny a ioeuena?ao;

iaea?aeaii oi?ioee aeey eiao?oe??io?a neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy
cae/aeieo ? iacae/aeieo oaeeue ye iaoiaeii eiao?oe??io?a Aeiooaeia, oae
? iaoiaeii oai??? ieacie; ia/eneaii iiooaei?noue niiioaiiiai
neio?io?iiiiai aena?oeaiiy;

i?iaaaeaii aea?ae e?iaoe/iiai ??aiyiiy aeey ?iaeoeiaaiiai ?icn?thaaiiy
?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy, ui onoaa? noia?a/iino? a e?oa?aoo??; iieacaii, ui
a oiiaao ioeuena??a ?icn?thaaiiy ?c i?iiaiy a oii caaaeaee aeii?io? iaae
?icn?thaaiiyi ona?aaeei? i?iiaiy; ioe?iaii aoaeoeai?noue oeueiai
i?ioeano.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? aeiiia?aeaeenue ia
eiioa?aioe?? “O?ceea iaeo?iiieo c??ie” (Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a, 1997), a oaeiae
iaaiai?thaaeenue ia iaoeiaeo nai?ia?ao o ?aae?iano?iiii?/iiio ?inoeooo?
IAI Oe?a?ie, o Aea?aeaaiiio ano?iiii?/iiio ?inoeooo? ?i. Ooa?iaa?aa
(Iineaa), a ?inoeooo? eini?/ii? o?ceee (Aa?/eia) oa a ?inoeooo? yaea?ii?
o?ceee (Aaeaeaeueaa?a).

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii o 3 noaooyo.

No?oeoo?a oa ia’?i aeena?oaoe??. ?iaioa neeaaea?oueny c? anooio,
i’youeio ?icae?e?a, aeniiaeo, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e oa iaeiiai
aeiaeaoeo. Caaaeueiee ia’?i aeena?oaoe?? noaiiaeoue 138 noi??iie, o oiio
/ene? 15 iaethie?a, 169 iaca a?ae?ia?ao?/ieo aeaea?ae ia 15 noi??ieao oa
aeiaeaoie ia 5 noi??ieao.

CI?NO ?IAIOE

O anooi? a?aeia?aaeaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe??, iaoo
aeine?aeaeaiiy, iaoeiao iiaecio ?iaioe, ?? i?aeoe/io oe?ii?noue.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? (iaeyae?) iaaaaeaii caaaeueio oa?aeoa?enoeeo
ioeuena??a ye ia’?eoa aeine?aeaeaiiy. Ia?oee i?ae?icae?e i?noeoue
a?aeiiino? i?i niinoa?aaeoaai? iniaeeaino? ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy
ioeuena??a. ?icaeyiooi ??ciiiai?oi?noue oi?ie na?aaei?o i?io?e?a
?aae?i?iioeuen?a oa ?? ?ioa?i?aoaoe?th, a oaeiae iniiai? aeanoeaino?
na?aaei?o i?io?eae: /anoioio caeaaei?noue ?o oe?eie, iiey?ecaoe?th,
niaeo?. O ae?oaiio i?ae?icae?e? ina?oeaii iiaeaeue iaai?oinoa?e
Aieae?aeoa – Aeaeoe?aia – Noa??iea. Iaaaaeaii no?oeoo?o iaai?oinoa?e ?
ia?aiao?e ioeuena?ii? ieacie. O?ao?e i?ae?icae?e i?enay/aii iaeyaeo
cai?iiiiiaaieo o e?oa?aoo?? iaoai?ci?a ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy ioeuena??a.

O /aoaa?oiio i?ae?icae?e? c?iaeaii aeniiaee. Aocuee?noue oa
noaa?euei?noue niinoa?aaeoaaieo ?aae?i?iioeuen?a na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui
aei?ii?ithaaiiy aeieea? a aeeaei? iaai?oinoa?e, ioaea ?yae oa?aeoa?enoee
aeo?aeieo ?aae?ioaeeue ia? aecia/aoenue ia no?eueee iaoai?ciii
aaia?aoe??, ne?eueee aeenia?n?eieie aeanoeainoyie ieacie. Ne?ae
cacia/eoe, ui aeine?aeaeaiiy aoaeo?a ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue a
ioeuena?i?e ieaci? iiaea aooe i?iaaaeaii ia iniia? caaaeueieo i?eioeei?a
aoaeiae iaai?oinoa?e ? aiii i?aeoe/ii ia caeaaeeoue a?ae i?eeiyoiai
iaoai?cio ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? ?icaeyiooi ?ao?aeoe?th cae/aeieo iaaena?oeiaeo
oaeeue a oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e neeueii caiaai?/ai?e ieaci? ioeuena?a.
I?eeiaeiny, ui /anoioa aeo?aeieo oaeeue o aeani?e nenoai? ieacie
aeecueea aei eieaeueii? ieaciiai? /anoioe a iaeano? aaia?aoe?? (aeea.,
iai?., [2]). I/aaeaeii, ui oiae? a?aeoeeaiiy i?iiaiy aiane?aeie
?ao?aeoe?? a ioi/oth/?e ieaci? ia? aooe cia/iei. Aeey e?euee?niiai iieno
aaiethoe?? oaeeueiaiai iaeaoa i?e ?iciianthaeaeaii? a neeia?e o?oaoe?
ioeuena?a aoee aeei?enoai? ??aiyiiy Aai?eueoiia. *enaeuei? ??oaiiy,
iaea?aeai? aeey ??ciiiai?oieo iaai??a ia?aiao??a, aeathoue ciiao
aecia/eoe iniiai? ?ene iiaaae?iee oaeeue, ui ?iciianthaeaeothoueny a
iaai?oinoa?i?e ieaci?.

Ocaeiaae o?a?eoi??? i?iiaiy iieaciee caeiiethaaiiy ci?ith?oueny
caaaeyee ci?i? aonoeie ieacie ? eooa i?ae oaeeueiaei aaeoi?ii oa
iaai?oiei iieai. A?aae??io aonoeie aiiia?ae o?oaee a?aee?eoeo neeiaeo
e?i?e aea? aecia/aeueiee aianie o ?ao?aeoe?th. I?e oeueiio i?ii?iue
a?aeoeey?oueny a a?e ciaioaiiy aonoeie ieacie. Ieaciiaa aonoeia iaea ye
ca iaaeath neeiai? o?oaee, oae ? iiaeeco iaai?oii? in?. Ioaea iiaeia
niiae?aaoenue, ui ana?aaeei? o?oaee iiia?a/iee a?aae??io aonoeie i?eeia?
? aeiaeaoi?, ? a?ae’?ii? cia/aiiy. Ine?eueee iio?e ieacie ?icoe?th?oueny
?acii ?c neeiaith o?oaeith, iiia?a/iee a?aae??io ciaioo?oueny c
aenioith. Oaeei /eiii, ?ao?aeoe?y nooo?ai caeaaeeoue a?ae iieiaeaiiy
oi/ee aaia?aoe?? i?iiaiy: /ei iaioa aenioa (oiaoi /ei aeua /anoioa
aei?ii?ithaaiiy), oei neeuei?oa ?ao?aeoe?y. sseui aonoeia ieacie iaioa?
a iai?yi? iaai?oii? in?, i?ii?iue a?aeoeey?oueny aei in?. O ?ac?
aeinoaoiuei neeueii? ?ao?aeoe?? i?ii?iue ia?aoeia? a?nue ? iieiy?oueny a
iaeano? c i?ioeeaaeii iai?aaeaiei a?aae??ioii aonoeie, aiane?aeie /iai
a?i ii/eia? a?aeoeeyoenue o i?ioeeaaeiee a?e. Ioaea e?ioeaaa a?aeoeeaiiy
i?iiai?a ? iaiiiioiiiith ooieoe??th /anoioe.

, ine?eueee ?ao?aeoe?y caeaaeeoue a?ae aenioe, ia ye?e aeieea?
i?ii?iue, oiaoi a?ae eiai /anoioe.

Aiane?aeie ?ao?aeoe?? a ieaci?, aonoeia yei? iaioa? a iai?yi? iaaee
neeiai? o?oaee, i?iiai? a?aeoeeythoueny a?ae iaai?oii? in?, ca?eueooth/e
niinoa?aaeoaaio oe?eio ?iioeueno, i?e /iio oea a?aeoeeaiiy oei a?eueoa,
/ei aeua /anoioa. Ia iecueeeo aenioao, aea aaia?o?oueny aei?ii?ithaaiiy
aenieeo /anoio, neeiaa o?oaea aeinoaoiuei aocueea ? aianie ?ao?aeoe?? a
oe?eio ?iioeueno ? nooo?aei. Ia a?eueoeo aenioao neeiaa o?oaea
?icoe?th?oueny ? ?ao?aeoe?y noa? iaio cia/iith, oiio oe?eia ?iioeueno ia
iecueeeo /anoioao a iniiaiiio aecia/a?oueny oe?eiith neeiai? o?oaee ?,
a?aeiia?aeii, ?inoa c aeiaaeeiith oaee?. Oaeei /eiii, ia aenieeo
/anoioao oe?eia ?iioeueno caeeoa?oueny iaeaea iino?eiith, a ia iecueeeo
/anoioao aiia ?inoa. Oaea caeaaei?noue iiaiaeaeo?oueny c?
niinoa?aaeoaaieie e?eaeie aeey aaaaoueio ioeuena??a. Iiae?aii aei oiai
ia? ci?ithaaoeny c /anoioith ? a?aenoaiue i?ae eiiiiiaioaie iiaea?eieo
i?io?eae, ui oaeiae iiaiaeaeo?oueny c? niinoa?aaeaiiyie.

sseui aonoeia ieacie ciaioo?oueny a iai?yi? iaai?oii? in?, i?iiai?
iathoue a?aeoeeyoeny aei in?. C? c?inoaiiyi /anoioe ?ao?aeoe?y noa?
a?eueo aoaeoeaiith ? a?aeoeeaiiy ?inoa; niinoa?aaeoaaia oe?eia ?iioeueno
ciaioo?oueny, aeiee i?iiai? ia ii/iooue ia?aoeiaoe a?nue. I?iiai?, ui
ia?aoeiathoue a?nue, oi?iothoue i?ioeeaaeio /anoeio i?io?ey; /ei
neeuei?oa aiie a?aeoeeythoueny, oei a?eueoa niinoa?aaeoaaia oe?eia
?iioeueno. Iaeia/a i?iiai?, ui aeieeee ia ua ieae/eo aenioao,
anoeaathoue ii/aoe a?aeoeeaiiy o i?ioeeaaeiee a?e caaaeyee i?ioeeaaeii
iai?aaeaiiio a?aae??ioo ieaciiai? aonoeie a iaeano? ca iaai?oiith
a?nnth, aiane?aeie /iai niinoa?aaeoaaia oe?eia ?iioeueno ciia
ciaioo?oueny. Oaea /anoioia caeaaei?noue oe?eie ?iioeueno
iiaiaeaeo?oueny ?c e?eaeie, niinoa?aaeoaaieie o aeayeeo ioeuena??a,
ioaea oae caaia “aani?aoe?eia iniaeea?noue” (“absorption feature”) iiaea
iiynithaaoenue ?ao?aeoe??th.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? aeine?aeaeo?oueny ia?aiin iiey?ecaoe?? ii?iaeueieo
oaeeue a iaa?oia?e iaai?oinoa??. O ieaci?, ui caio?aia o iane?i/aiii
neeueia iaai?oia iiea, ii?iaeuei? oaee? e?i?eii iiey?eciaai?. Iiaeeco
ai?n?eii? iaeano? ianooaa aeoo?a ii?iaeueieo iiae iaaaaaoi iaioee, i?ae
oa?aeoa?iee ianooaa ci?ithaaiiy ia?aiao??a ieacie, ioaea ii?iaeuei?
oaee? ?iciianthaeaeothoueny iacaeaaeii, a ?o ieiueia iiey?ecaoe??
aeiaea?aeo?oueny iiai?ioo eieaeueiiai iaai?oiiai iiey. Ine?eueee aonoeia
ieacie ciaioo?oueny c aenioith a neeia?e o?oaoe?, ianooaa aeoo?a ?inoa
acaeiaae o?a?eoi??? oaeeue. C?aooith aonoeia ieacie ciaioo?oueny
iano?eueee, ui na?aaeiaeua a?eueo ia aieeaa? ia ?iciianthaeaeaiiy
oaeeue; cae/aeii, ?o iiey?ecaoe?y noa? iino?eiith. Oaeei /eiii, aeo?aeia
iiey?ecaoe?y aecia/a?oueny i?ioeanaie o oae caai?e iaeano? a?aie/ii?
iiey?ecaoe??, aea ianooaa aeoo?a iaaeeaeo?oueny aei ianooaao ci?ithaaiiy
ia?aiao??a ieacie ? ii?ooo?oueny iaaeeaeaiiy aaiiao?e/ii? iioeee.

-ieiueie, ? cae?o/oaaiiy neeiaeo e?i?e, aea oeae aoaeo iaio cia/iee.
Eiee ianooaa aeoo?a aeinoaoiuei c?inoa?, iiey?ecaoe?y ii?iaeueieo oaeeue
ia anoeaa? a?aene?aeeiaoaaoe ci?io eieaeueiiai iaai?oiiai iiey ?
ii/eia?oueny aca?iiae?y oaeeueiaeo iiae.

(; i?e oeueiio i?io?eue eieiai? iiey?ecaoe?? ia? aooe neiao?e/iei, c
iaeneioiii o oeaio??.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? aea/a?oueny i?ioean neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy;
caaaeuei? ?acoeueoaoe canoiniaaii aei ioeuena?ieo oiia.

, aea ( – oaeoi? ?iciiiaeoaaiiy ieacie, a a ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo
ioeuena?ao, P(0.1n, oeae i?ioean aoaeoeaiee ca aoaeue-yeeo ?aaeueieo
oiia. Ne?ae cacia/eoe, ui e?euee?niee ?icaeyae iiaeeiaiiy iiaeeeaee eeoa
o oiio ?ac?, eiee ?aae?on oeeeeio?iiiiai ?aciiaino ciaoiaeeoueny
ana?aaeei? na?oeiaiai oeee?iae?a (ioeuena?e c ia??iaeaie P(0.1n, a
oaeiae ?aoeeeeai? ioeuena?e c ia??iaeaie P(10in), ine?eueee oiiae ca
na?oeiaei oeee?iae?ii iiaaii a?aeii?.

Ioe?iee ci?ithaaiiy ia?aiao??a ieacie o i?ioean? ?aciiainiiai
iiaeeiaiiy, iaea?aeai? c caeii?a caa??aaiiy, na?ae/aoue i?i oa, ui a
nenoai? oeaio?a i?a?oe iaa?oaiiy /anoeiie noa? ?aeyoea?nonueeei ca
aeinoaoiuei neaaeeo oiia, ye? caaaeaee aeeiiothoueny a ioeuena?ao. Eiee
/anoeiee iaaoaathoue ?aeyoea?nonueei? iaa?oaeueii? aia?a??, oa?aeoa?
iiaeeiaiiy ia? noooaai ci?ithaaoenue.

Caaaeueiee ?icaeyae neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy ca oiiaith iaeino?
i?o/-eoo?a /anoeiie i?iaaaeaii iaoiaeii eiao?oe??io?a Aeiooaeia.
Aeaaaeaii oi?ioee aeey eiao?oe??io?a neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy cae/aeieo
oa iacae/aeieo oaeeue, iaoooth/e a?aei?ii?noth ?o iieacieea
caeiiethaaiiy a?ae iaeeieoe?. Oea iaaeeaeaiiy iaa?oioiaaia o aeiaeaoeo,
aea i?iaaaeaii ?icaeyae neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy iaoiaeaie oai???
ieacie.

Ca?aeii c iaea?aeaieie oi?ioeaie, aeiee i?o/-eoo /anoeiie iaioee ca
eoo, i?ae yeei iaaeath/a aei?ii?ithaaiiy iaoeeaii aei iaai?oiiai iiey, a
eaai?aoi?i?e nenoai? ?aciiainia /anoioa ? eiao?oe??ioe neio?io?iiiiai
iiaeeiaiiy ni?aiaaeathoue ?c a?aeiia?aeieie oeeeeio?iiieie aaee/eiaie.
Cae/aeii, o nenoai? oeaio?a i?a?oe ye ?aciiainia /anoioa, oae ? ia?a??c
iiaeeiaiiy ci?iththoueny, aea oey ci?ia eiiiaino?oueny niia?eueiaiiyi
?ooo naii? nenoaie oeaio?a i?a?oe. Oaeei /eiii, iioe/ia oiaua uiaei
neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy cia/ia, iniaeeai a ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo
ioeuena?ao. O oeueiio aeiaaeeo o?eueee iaiaeii??aei?noue ?iciiae?eo
ieacie a iaeano? ?aciiaino iiaea iiynieoe aeo?ae aei?ii?ithaaiiy c
iaai?oinoa?e.

Ciaeaeaii, ui iiooaei?noue neio?io?iiiiai aei?ii?ithaaiiy aiane?aeie
niiioaiii? ?aai?n?? iiaeeiooi? aia?a?? cia/ii ia?aa?eueoo? a?aeiia?aeio
oeeeeio?iiio iiooaei?noue. Niiioaiia ai?n?y /anoeiie, ui iathoue
?aeyoea?nonuee? iaa?oaeuei? aia?a??, neeueii caeaaeeoue a?ae ia??iaeo
ioeuena?a: a ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo ioeuena?ao nooo?aa /anoeia iiaeeiooi?
aia?a?? ia?aaei?ii?ith?oueny o aeaeaeee ?*-ae?aiacii.

. O a?eueoino? ioeuena??a oeeeeio?iiiee ?aciiain ?aae?i/anoio
a?aeaoaa?oueny ana?aaeei? na?oeiaiai oeee?iae?o, ioaea noaiiaeoue
?ioa?an ?icaeyaeaoe iaeaeaa iaaeeaeaiiy. A iaeano? ?aciiaino ia?
a?aeaoaaoeny ?aciiainia ?icn?thaaiiy, aea oeeeeio?iiia iiaeeiaiiy ?
a?eueo nooo?aei.

aeniiiaioe?aeueii aiane?aeie ?iaeoeiaaiiai ?icn?thaaiiy oioii?a
i?iiaiy. Ioaea yeui iioe/ia oiaueia ( uiaei ?iaeoeiaaiiai ?icn?thaaiiy a
oii aoaea ((((, /enea caiiaiaiiy oiiiaeo oioii?a nooo?ai c?inoooue, a
?ioaineai?noue i?iiaiy nooo?ai ciaioeoueny. Oaeei /eiii, ?icn?thaaiiy ?c
i?iiaiy a oii aoaea aoaeoeaiei ca oiiaith, ui (((((. ?iia??i?noue
?icn?thaaiiy ia aaeee? eooe cia/ii a?eueoa, i?ae ia iae?, ioaea a oiiaao
ioeuena??a ?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy oioii?a i?iiaiy a oii caaaeaee
aeii?io? iaae ?icn?thaaiiyi ona?aaeei? i?iiaiy; i?e oeueiio ?icn?thaaiiy
ana?aaeei? i?iiaiy ia anoeaa? cia/ii aieeaaoe ia oa?aeoa?enoeee
aei?ii?ithaaiiy.

Aoe, aea ?icn?thaaiiy o neeueiiio iie? caaaeaee aeii?io?; ioaea
aei?ii?ithaaiiy ?icn?th?oueny ua a aeeaei? iaai?oinoa?e ? ia aeioiaeeoue
aei iaeano? neaaeiai iaai?oiiai iiey.

O aeniiaeao a?aeia?aaeaii iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe,
ye? caiaeyoueny aei ianooiiiai.

1. Aeine?aeaeaii ?ao?aeoe?th cae/aeieo iaaena?oeiaeo ?aae?ioaeeue, ui
?iciianthaeaeothoueny a oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e caiaai?/ai?e ieaci?
ioeuena??a. Ciaeaeaii, ui oeae aoaeo iiaea nooo?ai aieeaaoe ia
niinoa?aaeoaaio oe?eio ?iioeueno ioeuena?a. Iieacaii, ui o?aooaaiiy
?ao?aeoe?? iiaea iiynieoe ye?nio iiaaae?ieo niinoa?aaeoaaieo
caeaaeiinoae oe?eie ?iioeueno a?ae /anoioe. Cie?aia, oae caaia
“aani?aoe?eia iniaeea?noue” (“absorption feature”) iiaea iiynithaaoenue
?ao?aeoe??th.

2. ?icaeyiooi ia?aiin iiey?ecaoe?? a iaai?oinoa?? ioeuena?a. Iieacaii,
ui caaaeyee iaa?oaiith iaai?oinoa?e a?aeaoaa?oueny aca?iiae?y oaeeueiaeo
iiae, aiane?aeie /iai e?i?eii iiey?eciaai? oaee? iaaoaathoue ae?ioe/ii?
iiey?ecaoe??. Ia/eneaiee nooi?iue eieiai? iiey?ecaoe?? aeo?aeiiai
aei?ii?ithaaiiy iiaiaeaeo?oueny ?c niinoa?aaeoaaiei aeey aaaaoueio
ioeuena??a.

3. Aeine?aeaeaii i?ioean ?aciiainiiai iiaeeiaiiy aei?ii?ithaaiiy
/anoeieaie ioeuena?ii? ieacie. Ciaeaeaii, ui aiane?aeie oeeeeio?iiiiai
iiaeeiaiiy /anoeiee iiaeooue iaaoaaoe ?aeyoea?nonueeeo iaa?oaeueieo
aia?a?e. Iaea?aeaii eiao?oe??ioe neio?io?iiiiai iiaeeiaiiy cae/aeieo ?
iacae/aeieo oaeeue. A?aeiia?aeii aei i?iaaaeaieo ioe?iie, neio?io?iiia
iiaeeiaiiy iiaea aooe aeoaea aoaeoeaiei, iniaeeai a ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo
ioeuena?ao. Aeo?ae ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy oiae? iiaea iiynithaaoenue
o?eueee ia??aiii??i?noth ?iciiae?eo ieacie a neeia?e o?oaoe?.

Niiioaiia aena?oethaaiiy o neio?io?iiiiio aeiaaeeo ? nooo?aei aeey
ei?ioeiia??iaee/ieo ioeuena??a. I?e oeueiio cia/ia /anoeia iiaeeiooi?
aia?a?? ia?aaei?ii?ith?oueny o aeaeaeee ?*-ae?aiacii.

4. ?icaeyiooi ?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue. Iieacaii, ui a
ioeuena?ao ?icn?thaaiiy ?c i?iiaiy a oii caaaeaee aeii?io? iaae
?icn?thaaiiyi ona?aaeei? i?iiaiy. Ciaeaeaii, ui ia /anoioao (((((IAoe
oeae i?ioean aoaeoeaiee ? iiaea i?ecaiaeeoe aei iecueei/anoioieo
caaae?a, niinoa?aaeoaaieo o niaeo?ao aaaaoueio ioeuena??a.

Ia?ae?e oeeoiaaieo aeaea?ae

1. Barnard J.J., Arons J. Wave propagation in pulsar magnetospheres:
refraction of rays in the open flux zone// Astrophys. J. – 1986. –
V.302, ?1. – P.138-162.

2. Lyubarskii Yu.E. Generation of pulsar radio emission// Astron. and
Astrophys. – 1996. – V.308, ?3. – P.809-820.

3. AEaeaciyeia A.A. I iiey?ecaoeee ?aaeeieceo/aiey ioeuena?ia// Eca.
auno. o/. caa. – ?aaeeioeceea. – 1970. – O.13, ?12. – N.1842-1846.

4. Cheng A.F., Ruderman M.A. A theory of subpulse polarization patterns
from radio pulsars// Astrophys. J. – 1979. – V.229, ?1. – P.348-360.

5. Barnard J.J. Probing the magnetic field of radio pulsars: a
reexamination of polarization position angle swings// Astrophys. J. –
1986. – V.303, ?1. – P.280-291.

6. Ieoaeeianeee A.A., Iieuaiei I.A., No?aieeoaeee A.E. e ae?. E i?iaeaia
auoiaea yeaeo?iiaaieoiuo aiei ec iaaieoinoa?u ioeuena?ia// Ienueia a
Ano?ii. ae. – 1982. – O.8, ?11. – N.685-688.

7. Blandford R.D., Scharlemann E.T. On the scattering and absorption of
electromagnetic radiation within pulsar magnetospheres// Mon. Notic.
Roy. Astron. Soc. – 1976. – V.174, ?1. – P.59-85.

8. Wilson D.B., Rees M.J. Induced Compton scattering in pulsar winds//
Mon. Notic. Roy. Astron. Soc. – 1978. – V.185, ?2. – P.297-304.

9. Sincell M.W., Krolik J.H. Magnetized stimulated scattering in pulsar
winds// Astrophys. J. – 1992. – V.395, ?2. – P.553-563.

Ioae?eaoe?? ca oaiith aeena?oaoe??

1. Ethaa?neee TH.Y., Iao?iaa N.A. Eiaeooee?iaaiiia ?annayiea
?aaeeieceo/aiey a iaaieoinoa?ao ioeuena?ia// Ienueia a Ano?ii. ae. –
1996. – o.22, ?6. – C.445-455.

2. Lyubarskii Yu.E., Petrova S.A. Refraction of radio waves in pulsar
magnetospheres// Astron. and Astrophys. – 1998. – V.333, ?1. –
P.181-187.

3. Lyubarskii Yu.E., Petrova S.A. Synchrotron absorption in pulsar
magnetospheres// Astron. and Astrophys. – 1998. – V.337, ?2. –
P.433-440.

AIIOAOe?ss

Iao?iaa N.A. ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy a iaai?oinoa?ao
ioeuena??a. – ?oeiien.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 01.03.02 – ano?io?ceea,
?aae?iano?iiii?y. – Aieiaia ano?iiii?/ia iana?aaoi??y IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a,
1999.

?icaeyiooi ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue a oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonuee?e
caiaai?/ai?e ieaci? ioeuena??a. Aeine?aeaeaii ?ao?aeoe?th, aaiethoe?th
iiey?ecaoe??, neio?io?iiia iiaeeiaiiy oa ?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy
?aae?iaei?ii?ithaaiiy. A?aecia/aii niinoa?aaeoaai? iane?aeee aoaeo?a
?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue a iaai?oinoa?ao ioeuena??a.

I?iaiae?ciaaii aieea ?ao?aeoe?? oaeeue ia /anoioio caeaaei?noue oe?eie
?iioeueno ioeuena?a. Ia/eneaii nooi?iue eieiai? iiey?ecaoe??
ioeuena?iiai aei?ii?ithaaiiy aiane?aeie aca?iiae?? oaeeueiaeo iiae a
iaeano? a?aie/ii? iiey?ecaoe??. ?icaeoi oai??th neio?io?iiiiai
iiaeeiaiiy, ioe?iaii eiai aoaeoeai?noue a oiiaao ioeuena??a. Oia?oa
?icaeyiooi ?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue ?c i?iiaiy a oii.
Iieacaii. ui oeae i?ioean iiaea iiynithaaoe iecueei/anoioi? caaaee a
niaeo?ao ioeuena??a.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: ioeuena?e, ?iciianthaeaeaiiy ?aae?ioaeeue,
oeueo?a?aeyoea?nonueea caiaai?/aia ieacia, ?ao?aeoe?y. aca?iiae?y
oaeeueiaeo iiae, a?aie/ia iiey?ecaoe?y, neio?io?iiia iiaeeiaiiy,
?iaeoeiaaia ?icn?thaaiiy.

ABSTRACT

Petrova S.A. The propagation of radio emission in pulsar
magnetospheres. – Manuscript.

Dissertation for the scientific degree of the candidate of physical and
mathematical sciences on the speciality 01.03.02 – astrophysics and
radioastronomy. – The Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy
of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 1999.

The thesis is devoted to the investigation of radio wave propagation in
an ultrarelativistic highly magnetized pulsar plasma. Refraction,
polarization evolution, synchrotron absorption and induced scattering of
radio emission are considered. The observational consequences of these
effects are analysed as well.

Refraction of ordinary superluminous waves is treated on the basis of
Hamilton’s equations. Obtained numerical solutions permit to outline the
characteristic features of radio wave behaviour in pulsar plasma.
Refraction appears to occur mainly on account of plasma density gradient
across the open field line tube, the ray deviation being directed
oppositely to the gradient. At large distances from the neutron star the
plasma flow widens, so that transverse density gradient decreases and
refraction ceases. Given that the radiation at a given frequency
originates at a corresponding radius refraction should be essentially
dependent on the frequency.

In the plasma with the density decreasing towards the tube edge the
rays deviate away from the magnetic axis causing the enhancement of the
observed pulse width. At high frequencies refraction is found to
contribute essentially to the pulse width, while at low ones the pulse
width is chiefly determined by the open field line tube width. Thus at
high frequencies the pulse width remains almost constant and at low ones
it increases with the wavelength. Such dependence is compatible with the
pulse width versus frequency curves observed for a number of pulsars.

Provided that the plasma density increases outwards the tube the rays
should deviate towards the magnetic axis. The deviation increases with
the frequency and leads to the corresponding decrease of the pulse
width. At least the rays begin to intersect the axis. Then they form the
opposite half of the profile, the pulse width increasing with the
frequency. The rays emitted at still higher frequencies have time to
start deviation in the opposite direction due to oppositely directed
transverse density gradient in the region beyond the magnetic axis. This
results in repeat decrease of the pulse width. Such dependence of the
pulse width upon the frequency agrees with the curves with the so called
“absorption feature” observed for some pulsars.

Polarization transfer of normal waves in the rotating magnetosphere is
examined. The ultrarelativistic plasma embedded in a superstrong
magnetic field allows two nondamping normal waves. In the emission
region, they are linearly polarized. While propagating inside the
magnetosphere, the waves are influenced by the plasma. The emergent
polarization is known to be set up by the wave mode coupling in the
polarization-limiting region. As a result of this effect the outgoing
radiation should be elliptically polarized, with the sense of the
circular component being the same throughout the pulse. The quantitative
description of the polarization evolution is carried out proceeding from
Maxwell’s equations together with the equation of plasma particle motion
in the rotating magnetosphere. It is shown that at pulsar conditions the
final degree of circular polarization due to the wave mode coupling
ranges from a few to dozens per cents. The polarization profiles are
compatible with those observed for a number of pulsars.

Resonance absorption of pulsar radiation by the plasma particles is
studied. Cyclotron absorption is known to be significant in pulsar
magnetospheres. It is found that as a result of this process the
particles can readily acquire relativistic gyration energies. General
theory of synchrotron absorption is developed in terms of the Einstein’s
coefficient method. The absorption coefficients for ordinary and
extraordinary waves are also obtained by plasma methods. As long as the
energy absorbed is less than the initial plasma energy both the
frequency of the absorbed radiation and the absorption coefficients
remain the same as in the cyclotron case. Corresponding absorption depth
appears to be high, especially in the short-period pulsars. The radio
wave escape from the magnetosphere then can be explained only by the
nonuniformity of plasma distribution within the open field line tube. In
short-period pulsars, a significant fraction of the energy absorbed is
found to be reemitted spontaneously in the far infrared band.

The induced scattering of pulsar radio emission by the plasma particles
is investigated. Kinetic equations describing the change of photon
occupation numbers in the course of the scattering are deduced. It is
shown that at pulsar conditions the induced scattering from the beam to
a background always dominates over the scattering inside the beam. The
process turns out to be intense at frequencies ( 100 MHz. It can account
for the low – frequency turnovers observed in pulsar spectra.

Key words: pulsars, radio wave propagation, ultrarelativistic highly
magnetized plasma, refraction, wave mode coupling, limiting
polarization, synchrotron absorption, induced scattering.

AIIIOAOeEss

Iao?iaa N.A. ?ani?ino?aiaiea ?aaeeieceo/aiey a iaaieoinoa?ao
ioeuena?ia. – ?oeiienue.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa
oeceei-iaoaiaoe/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 01.03.02 – ano?ioeceea,
?aaeeiano?iiiiey. – Aeaaiay ano?iiiie/aneay iana?aaoi?ey IAI Oe?aeiu,
Eeaa, 1999.

?anniio?aii ?ani?ino?aiaiea ?aaeeiaiei a oeueo?a?aeyoeaeno-neie
caiaaie/aiiie ieacia ioeuena?ia. Enneaaeiaaia ?ao?aeoeey, yaiethoeey
iiey?ecaoeee, neio?io?iiiia iiaeiuaiea e eiaeooee?iaaiiia ?annayiea
?aaeeieceo/aiey. Ioia/aiu iaaethaeaoaeueiua neaaenoaey yooaeoia
?ani?ino?aiaiey ?aaeeiaiei a iaaieoinoa?ao ioeuena?ia.

I?iaiaeece?iaaii aeeyiea ?ao?aeoeee aiei ia /anoioioth caaeneiinoue
oe?eiu eiioeuena ioeuena?a. Au/eneaia noaiaiue e?oaiaie iiey?ecaoeee
ioeuena?iiai eceo/aiey aneaaenoaea acaeiiaeaenoaey aieiiauo iiae a
iaeanoe i?aaeaeueiie iiey?ecaoeee. ?acaeoa oai?ey neio?io?iiiiai
iiaeiuaiey, ioeaiaia aai yooaeoeaiinoue a oneiaeyo ioeuena?ia. Aia?aua
?anniio?aii eiaeooee?iaaiiia ?annayiea ?aaeeiaiei ec eo/a a oii.
Iieacaii, /oi yoio i?ioeann iiaeao iauyniyoue iecei/anoioiua caaaeu a
niaeo?ao ioeuena?ia.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: ioeuena?u, ?ani?ino?aiaiea ?aaeeiaiei,
oeueo?a?aeyoeaenoneay caiaaie/aiiay ieacia, ?ao?aeoeey, acaeiiaeaenoaea
aieiiauo iiae, i?aaeaeueiay iiey?ecaoeey, neio?io?iiiia iiaeiuaiea,
eiaeooee?iaaiiia ?annayiea.

PAGE 16

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