.

Органічні кристали для сцинтиляційної техніки: Автореф. дис… канд. техн. наук / С.В. Будаковський, НАН України. Наук.-технол. концерн ‘Ін-т монокрис

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Iaoe?iiaeueia Aeaaeai?y iaoe Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiai – oaoiieia?/iee eiioea?i “?inoeooo iiiie?enoae?a”

?INOEOOO IIIIE?ENOAE?A

Aoaeaeianueeee Na?a?e Aaeaioeiiae/

OAeE [548.55:547]: 539.1.074.3

I?AAI?*I? E?ENOAEE AeEss NOeEIOEEssOe?EII? OAOI?EE

05.02.01- iaoa??aeiciaanoai

AAOI?AOA?AO

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa

oaoi?/ieo iaoe

Oa?e?a – 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien

?iaioa aeeiiaia a ?inoeooo? iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Oa?e?a

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee: aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe,

noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee,

Aaeoiia Ieeiea Caoa?iae/,

?inoeooo iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie, caa?aeoaa/ a?aeae?eo

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe aeieoi? o?i?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

Aeaie Aa?ai Ai?eniae/,

?inoeooo iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie, canooiiee aee?aeoi?a c iaoeiai?
?iaioe

Eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio,

Nieie Aiaoie?e Iiaianiae/,

Oa?e?anueeee aea?aeaaiee iie?oaoi?/iee oi?aa?n?oao, aeioeaio eaoaae?e
oai?aoe/ii? oa aenia?eiaioaeueii? o?ceee

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa ?inoeooo i?iaeai iaoa??aeiciaanoaa

?i. ?.I. O?aioeaae/a IAI Oe?a?ie,

a?aeae?e iaoa??ae?a c iniaeeaeie aeaeo?ii-ieie oa ae?aeaeo?e/ieie
aeanoeainoyie,

i. Ee?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “ 17 ” eenoiiaaea 1999 ?. i 14-00 aiae.
ia can?-aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.169.01 a ?inoeooo?
iiiie?enoae?a Iaoeiai-oaoiieia?/iiai eiioea?io “?inoeooo iiiie?enoae?a”
IAI Oe?a-?ie ca aae?anith: 310001, Oa?e?a, i?. Eai?ia, 60.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? ?inoeoooo
iiiie?e-noae?a IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 310001, Oa?e?a, i?. Eai?ia, 60.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “ 8 ” aeiaoiy 1999

A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee

eaiaeeaeao oaoi?/ieo iaoe
Ao?iuaiei E.A.

9

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?ioean?a ooai?aiiy eiiaeainiaaii?
oace i?aai?/ieo iieaeoey?ieo ?a/iaei ia? cia/iee iaoeiaee ? i?aeoe/iee
?ioa?an. Oea iaoiiaeaii oe?ieei canoinoaaiiyi i?aai?/ieo iaoa??ae?a o
aaaaoueio aaeocyo iaoee ? oaoi?ee. Cie?aia, ?o aeei?enoiaothoue aeey
?a?no?aoe?? oa niaeo?iiao??? -aei?ii?ithaaiiy, o aeayeeo aeiaaeeao
-aei?ii?ithaaiiy, eiiiiiaio ci?oaieo iioie?a ?ii?coth/eo aei?ii?ithaaiue
(oaeaee? iaeo?iie ia oii? -aei?ii?ithaaiiy). Aaeoc? aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo
i?eno?i?a – ?aae?iaeieia?/iee iii?oi?eia, ?aae?iiaaeeoeeia,
yaea?iio?ce/i? aenia?eiaioe, eini?/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, caaacia/aiiy
aaciaee aenieoaoaoe?? AAN. Oea coiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue ?ic?iaee oa
ae?iaieoeoaa ??ciiiai?oieo oei?a noeeioeeyoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a ?
aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia?. Oe?iea i?aeoe/ia aeei?enoaiiy niaoeeo?/ieo
aeanoeainoae i?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a iaiaaeo?oueny, a ia?oo /a?ao,
a?aenooi?noth aeinoaoiuei? aeey anaa?/ieo aeine?ae?a e?eueeino? /enoeo ?
no?oeoo?ii aeineiiaeeo iiiie?enoae?a ??cieo eean?a, a oaeiae a?aeiinii
iaaaeeeeie ?ici??aie c?ace?a, ye? io?eiothoue. Iaoiaee ae?iuoaaiiy
i?aai?/ieo noeeioeeyoe?eieo iiiie?enoae?a, ye? aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aei
ii/aoeo aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, aeicaieyee io?eioaaoe c?acee ae?aiao?ii
ia a?eueoa 65ii. Aeei?enoaiiy oaeeo e?enoae?a o aaaaoueio caaea/ao
noaaaei i?iaeaiaoe/iei, a o aeayeeo aeiaaeeao, iai?eeeaae, i?e ae??oaii?
caaea/ ?aae?iaeieia??, aea iio??aia aaee-ea ieiua aeaoaeoi?a aeey
aiaaiaii? ?a?no?aoe?? iaei?ioaineaieo aeaea?ae ?ii?-coth/iai
aei?ii?ithaaiiy, ?o aeei?enoaiiy aaaaeaeinue iaaeioe?eueiei.

Aeoiaey/e c oeueiai, aeooaeueiei ? aeine?aeaeaiiy oiia oa ?ic?iaea
iaoi-ae?a io?eiaiiy no?oeoo?ii aeineiiaeeo noeeioeeyoe?eieo
iiiie?enoae?a a?aeiinii aaeeeeo ?ici???a.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
?iaioa aeeiioaaeanue ca?aeii c ieaiaie iaoeiai – aeine?aeieo ?ia?o
?inoeoooo iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie, a naia, ainiaeiaia??ieie oa-iaie
“?ic?iaea iaoiae?a io?eiaiiy noeeioeeyoe?eieo i?aai?/ieo iiii-e?enoae?a
? aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia? aeey niaeo?iiao??? iioie?a oaeaeeeo
iaeo?ii?a” (? Aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? O47348), “?ic?iaea noeeioeeyoe?eieo
i?aa-i?/ieo iiiie?enoae?a ? aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia? aeey niaeo?iiao???
iae-o?iiiiai aei?ii?ithaaiiy” (? Aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 01860068905), oaiaie
a?aeii/iai caiiaeaiiy AOOII IAI Oe?a?ie “Aieea no?oeoo?e oa neeaaeo
i?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a ia ?o iaaeiieaeoey?i? oa iieaeoey?i? aeanoeaino?”
(? Aea?ae?a?no?aoe?? 0196V009867).

Iaoa ? caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoith ?iaioe ? iioei?caoe?y
oaoiiei-a?? io?eiaiiy i?aai?/ieo iiiie?enoae?a ? iie?ioaiiy
oa?aeoa?enoee noeeioeeyoe?eieo aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia?. Ia’?eoaie
aeine?aeaeaiiy aoee aeia?a a?aeii? o noeeioeeyoe?ei?e oaoi?oe? ?a/iaeie,
ye? aaea iathoue i?aeoe/ia canoinoaaiiy, ui a iaoiaee/iiio ieai?
aeicaiey? aaciina?aaeiuei ii??a-ithaaoe aeinyaioo? oaoiieia?/i?
?acoeueoaoe c a?aeiieie c na?oiai? i?aeoeee.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe aoei iaiao?aeii ?ica’ycaoe oae?
caa-aeaiiy:

– ?ic?iaeoe iaoiaee io?eiaiiy aeniei/enoi? ne?iaeie aeey ae?iuo-aaiiy
e?enoae?a;

– aeine?aeeoe aieea oaieiaeo iie?a a ?iai/iio ia’?i? ?inoiai? onoaiiaee
ia i?ioeane ?inoo e?enoae?a oa ?ic?iaeoe caniae ni?yiiaaiiai
a?aeaaaeaiiy oaiea aeey io?eiaiiy aaeeeiaaaa?eoieo e?enoae?a;

– aeine?aeeoe iaoai?ci noeioethaaiiy e?enoae?caoe?? ca oiiae
eiio?i-eueiaaii? ci?ie neeaaeo aeii?oie o ?icieaa? oa a caeaaeiino? a?ae
aeanoeainoae iaae? iiae?eo oac;

– c?iaeoe ioe?ieo aieeao ia oa?aeoa?enoeee aeaoaeoi??a ia iniia? /enoeo
oa ci?oaieo iiiie?enoae?a c ??ciith no?oeoo?iith aeineiiae?noth
i?ioean?a ?aaani?aoe?? na?oea, yea ooai?th?oueny i?e noeeioeeyoe?eiiio
niaeaoo, na?oeicae?aiiy, oi?ioaaiiy aeo?aeiiai neaiaeo, a oaeiae ciaeoe
ei?aeyoe?th i?ae oaoiieia?/ieie ia?aiao?aie i?ioeano aeaioiaeaiiy
noeeioeeyoe?eiiai aeaoaeoi?a oa eiai aenieoaoaoe?eieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie.

Aei iaea?eueo aaaeeeaeo iiaeo iaoeiaeo ? oaoi?/ieo caeiaooe?a, ui
io?eiai? a aeena?oaoe??, ne?ae a?aeianoe:

1. ?ic?iaeo iiaiai niiniao i/euaiiy aeo?aeii? ne?iaeie i-oa?oa-i?eo,
yea a?oioo?oueny ia ??cieoe? a ?aae?aoe?ei?e no?eeino? i-oa?oai?eo oa
i?e-?iaeieo aeii?oie, ui aoiaeyoue aei eiai neeaaeo.

2. Aeieac iiaeeeaino? oi?aae?iiy no?oeoo?iith aeineiiae?noth e?e-noae?a
oeyoii aaaaeaiiy a ?icieaa aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo aeii?oie (AAAe), ui
caeaoi? ooai?thaaoe eiiieaene c ia?aiinii ca?yaeo c iieaeoeaie
?ic-ieaao.

3. ?ic?iaeo niiniao ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a, ui a?oioo?oueny ia yaeu?
i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaao ia iiaa?oi? a?aeeieo iai?aai?/-ieo
e?enoae?a.

4. Oaeineiiaeaiiy eiino?oeoe?? e?enoae?caoe?eiiai ia’?io aeey
ae?iuo-aaiiy e?enoae?a ae?aiao?ii 80…120 ii.

5. Iioei?caoe?th oaoiieia?/ieo i?eeii?a aeaioiaeaiiy noeeioeeyoe?e-ieo
aeaoaeoi??a c iie?ioaieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie ia iniia? i?aai?/ieo
ii-iie?enoae?a.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a. ?ic?iaeai? oaoiieia?/i?
i?eeiie oa iaoiaee aia?oa aeicaieeee ae?iuoaaoe i?aai?/i? iiiie?e-noaee
ae?aiao?ii aei 120 ii oa c? cia/aiiyie noeeioeeyoe?eiiai neaiaeo, ye?
?noioii ia?aaeuothoue (aeey e?enoae?a noeeueaaio – o 1,4…1,5 ?ac?a)
cia/aiiy neaiaeo iaee?aueo caei?aeiiieo c?ace?a aiaeia?/iiai neeaaeo.
Oea nooo?ai ?icoe?th? iiaeeeaino? canoinoaaiiy i?aai?/ieo iiiie?enoae?a
? ?iaeoue ?o aeei?enoaiiy a aaaaoueio caaea/ao a?eueo aeioe?eueiei i?ae
?ioeo noeei-oeeyoe?eieo nenoai (ieanoiane, ??aeeie). Oaoiieia?y
iaea?aeaiiy aeoeai-aaieo e?enoae?a i-oa?oai?eo aeicaieeea io?eiaoe
iaea?eueo aoaeoeaiee i?-aai?/iee noeeioeeyoe?eiee iaoa??ae na?aae oeo,
ui ciaeoee aeei?enoaiiy a na?oia?e i?aeoeoe?. Aeaoaeoi?e oeio “oina?/”
ia eiai iniia? aeey niaeo?i-iao??? iaeo?ii?a oa -aei?ii?ithaaiue ia
-oii? iathoue ?aei?aeii aenie? noeeioeeyoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee.
Aeaoaeoi?e aeei?enoiaothoueny a iiaeo i?eeaaeao aeey aecia/aiiy ai?noo
?aae?iioee?ae?a o ??ciiiai?oieo ia’?eoao aeiae?eey. ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe
caoeuaii aaoi?nueeeie na?aeioeoaaie oa iaoaioaie, a oaoiieia??
aeaioiaeaiiy iiiie?enoae?a ? aeaoaeoi??a ai?i-aaaeaeaii o i?iieneia?noue
(aeine?aeia ae?iaieoeoai IOE “?inoeoooo iiii-e?enoae?a” IAI Oe?a?ie).

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a iieyaa? o

– oi?ioethaaii? iiaeae? iaoai?cio aieeao aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo
aei-i?oie ia e?enoae?caoe?th ?icieaa?a iieaeoey?ieo i?aai?/ieo ?a/iaei,
?ic?iaoe? iaoiae?a io?eiaiiy e?enoae?a c ?aaoeueiaaiith no?oeoo?iith
aeineiiae?noth, [1-5,9,15, 16];

-aenoiaii? ?aea? i/euaiiy ne?iaeie i-oa?oai?eo, ui aaco?oueony ia ??
ii?ii?ithaaii? ?ii?coth/ei aei?ii?ithaaiiyi, i?iaaaeaii? aenia?eiaio?a c
i/euaiiy ne?iaeie[11];

– iinoaiiaoe? oa i?iaaaeaii? aenia?eiaio?a c ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a
ae?aiao?ii 80 – 120 ii, aeiii?aoethaaii? oa iioei?caoe?? a?aeiieo
iaoiae?a ae-?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a c ?icieaao [12,13];

– ?ic?iaoe? iaoiaea ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a, ui a?oioo?oueny ia yaeu?
i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaao ia iiaa?oi? a?aeeieo iai?aai?/ieo
e?enoae?a c ??cieie oeiaie ca’yceo e?enoae?/ii? ?ao?oee [8];

– ei?aaoaaii? iaoiae?a iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee oa eiioaeia?ecaoe??
iiii-e?enoae?a, aaaaeaii? a oaoiieia?/iee i?ioean iia?aoe??
a?aeiaethaaiiy noeei-oeeyoi??a i?ney iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee [10,14];

– ?ic?iaoe? iaoiae?a aeaioiaeaiiy aeenia?nieo noeeioeeyoi??a,
“oin-a?/”-aeaoaeoi??a aeey caaea/ yaea?ii? oaoi?ee, a oaeiae -, -,
-niaeo?iiao??? a ?aae?iaeieia?/iiio iii?oi?eiao [6,7,10];

– ai?iaaaeaeaii? a i?iieneia?noue iaoiae?a aeaioiaeaiiy
noeeioeey-oe?eieo aeaoaeoi??a ia iniia? e?enoae?a i-oa?oai?eo.

O aeena?oaoe?? niaoe?aeueii aeacaii ia ?acoeueoaoe, ye? ia iaeaaeaoue
caeiaoaa/o, aea aoee aeei?enoai? o ?iaio?. AEiaeai c oeeo ?acoeueoao?a
ia aoiaeeoue aei iaaaaeaiiai aeua iniaenoiai aianeo.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iaaiai?thaaeenue ia oaeeo eiioa?aioe?yo:
I?aeia?iaei? eiioa?aioe?? c o?i?? i?aai?/ieo oaa?aeeo o?e ICCOSS-IX
(Como, Italy, 1989), ICCOSS-X (Vancouver, Canada, 1991), ICCOSS-XI
(Jerusalem, Israel, 1993), Symposium in Honor of Professor J. D. Dunitz
“Chemistry and Structure” (Zurich, Switzerland, 1990), European
Nonference on Molecular Electronics ( Padua, Italy, 1992),
I?aeaea?aeaaia eiioa?aioe?y “Noeeioeeyoi?e-93” (Oa?e?a, Oe?a?ia, 1993),
I?aeia?iaeia eiioa?aioe?y “O?ceea oa o?i?y i?aai?/ieo ethi?iioi??a-95”
(Oa?e?a, Oe?a?ia, 1995), IEEE 1995 Nuclear Science Symposium (San
Fransisco, USA, 1995), Eleventh International Conference on Crystal
Growth (Hague, Netherlands, 1995), Europhysics Conference on Electronic
Processes in Organic Materials (Kyiv, Ukraine, 1998).

?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? c aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo
aeii?oie ia e?enoae?caoe?th ?icieaa?a iieaeoey?ieo i?aai?/ieo ?a/iaei
oa?eoee /anoeiith aei oeeeeo iaoeiaeo i?aoeue, ca yeee eieaeoeao
aaoi??a, o oiio /ene? ? aeena?oaioo, aoei i?enoaeaeaii a 1991 ?. i?ai?th
IAI Oe?a?ie ?i. ?.I. O?aioeaae/a (aaeocue iaoa??aeiciaanoai).

Ioae?eaoe??. Iniiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaaii a 10-oe
iao-eiaeo noaooyo, caoeuaii 5-ia aaoi?nueeeie na?aeioeoaaie oa
iaoaioaie, a oaeiae aeeeaaeaii a oacao aeua caaaeaieo eiioa?aioe?e.

No?oeoo?a oa ia’?i aeena?oaoe??. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio,
i’yoe ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo 117 aeei?enoaieo e?oa?aoo?ieo
aeaea?ae, o?ueio aeiaeaoe?a; ?? aeeeaaeaii ia 153 noi??ieao, aiia ai?uo?
24 iaethiea, 8 oaaeeoeue.

INIIAIEE CI?NO ?IAIOE

O anooi? iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeuei?noue oaie, noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo oa
caaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue, ?ica’ycaiiy yeeo iaiao?aeii aeey ??
aeinyaiaiiy, iaoeiao iiaecio oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?acoeueoao?a, ui
io?eiai?.

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? iaaaaeaii aiae?oe/iee e?oa?aoo?iee iaeyae. Aieiaio
oaaao i?eae?eaii iaoiaeai i/euaiiy ne?iaeie, oaoiieia?/iei i?eeiiai ?
iaoiaeai ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a. C aiae?co e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaieo c?iaeaii
oae? aeniiaee: aeeaiea i/euaiiy ne?iaeie, ui iaiao?aeia aeey ae?iuoaaiiy
e?enoae?a, ? i?ioeanii aaaaoinoaae?eiei, iaeii?iaeoeoeaiei, aeieia?/ii
iaaacia/iei, ui iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue ?ic?iaee iiaeo oao-iieia?/ieo
i?eeii?a oa iaoiae?a. Aeey io?eiaiiy aaeeeiaaaa?eoieo i?aa-i?/ieo
e?enoae?a, ye /enoeo, oae ? aeoeaiaaieo, iaea?eueo i?eaeaoia ni?y-iiaaia
e?enoae?caoe?y ?icieaao. Oeae iaoiae ia? ?yae iaaeie?e?a, aea aeicaiey?
i?inoeie oaoi?/ieie caniaaie caaacia/eoe noae? oiiae ae?iuoaaiiy
e?e-noae?a ? io?eioaaoe c?acee a?aeiinii aaeeeeo ?ici???a, oiio a?i aoa
ia?a-iee ye aaciaee aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaoe aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? iiaeaii iien ?ic?iaeaieo aaoi?ii iaoiae?a aeeai-eiai
i/euaiiy aeo?aeii? ne?iaeie. ?aaeoeae aeey noeeioeeyoe?eii? oaoi?ee, ui
aeioneathoueny i?iieneia?noth, ia i?eaeaoi? aeey ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a ?
iio?aaothoue aeiaeaoeiaiai i/euaiiy. Aio?aoeai i/euoaaee iaoiaeii ciiii?
?aeoeo?eaoe?? ? aeiaeaoeiai ni?yiiaaiith e?enoae?caoe??th ?icieaao
aacii-na?aaeiuei o aa?iaoe/i?e ?inoia?e aiioe?. *enoioo i?iaeoeoo
eiio?iethaaee o?iiaoia?ao?/iei iaoiaeii, ai?no iniiaii? ?a/iaeie
99,98%. Noeeueaai i/euoaaee iaoiaeii ni?yiiaaii? e?enoae?caoe??
?icieaao, ai?no iniiaii? ?a/iaeie 99,98%. Iaea?eueo? o?oaeiiu? a
io?eiaii? aeniei/enoi? ne?i-aeie aeieeathoue i?e ae?iaieoeoa? e?enoae?a
i-oa?oai?eo, ui aei io?eiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe, ia
aeicaieyei cae?enieoe ?o i?iieneiaa ae?iaieoeoai. Oea iia’ycaii c oei,
ui i-oa?oai?e ooai?th? c ?yaeii aeii?oie oaa?ae? ?ic/eie cai?uaiiy, a
oaoiieia?y io?eiaiiy ia?aeiii? ne?iaeie ia ? noaeith – neeaae aeii?oie o
eiia?oe?eiiio i?iaeoeo? ci?ith?oueny a?ae ia?o?? aei ia?o??.
Cai?iiiiiaaii niin?a, ui a?oioo?oueny ia aenie?e ?aae?io?i?/i?e
no?eeino? i-oa?oai?eo. Eiia?oe?eiee i?iaeoeo ii?ii?ithaaee
aeaeo?iiaa-i?oiei aei?ii?ithaaiiyi oeueo?ao?ieaoiaiai (OO),
?aioaai?anueeiai, aaiia – ae?aiacii?a aai aeaeo?iiaie c aia?a??th aei 10
IaA. A eiaeiiio eii-e?aoiiio aeiaaeeo aeica ii?ii?ithaaiiy iae?aeanue
caeaaeii a?ae aaiiao??? oa oeio aeaea?aea aei?ii?ithaaiiy. Iai?eeeaae,
i?e aeei?enoaii? -ae-i?ii?ithaaiiy a?ae ?aae?iioee?aeo 60Co aeica
noaiiaeea 105 ?aae, i?e ii?ii?ithaaii? ia i?enei?thaa/? aeaeo?ii?a –
7…30o103 ?aae. OO – na?oeii eaiie NAAe – 120A ?icoaoiaaii? ia a?aenoai?
20…30 ni a?ae no?iee aeaio-e?o?iai? eieae c iioe/iiai eaa?oeo
ii?ii?ithaaee ?ic/ei i-oa?oai?eo a i?aai?/iiio ?ic/eiieeo ia i?ioyc?
10…12 aiae. Ii?ii?ithaaiiy i?iaiaeeee o a?aee?eoiio ia’?i?. A
ii?ii?iaiiio i-oa?oai?e? ye?niee neeaae aeii?oie a?ae??ciyany a?ae
ii/aoeiaiai, ? aiie eaaei aeeo/aeeny ciiiith ?aeoeo?eaoe??th
(e?euee?noue i?ioiae?a ?icieaaeaii? ciie 6…8, oaeaee?noue ia?ai?uaiiy
10…15 ii/aiae). I/euaiiy i?iaiaeeee a caiayieo aiioeao i?ae oeneii
?ia?oiiai aaco 600 AIa. I?e aa?oeeaeuei?e noai? ciiii? ?aeoeo?eaoe??
aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aiioee ae?aiao?ii 25…30 ii, a i?e ai?eciioaeuei?e –
75 ii. sse?noue io?eiaiiai i?iaeoeoo eiio?iethaaee iaoiaeaie
aeeoa?aioe?aeueii? neaioth/i? eaei?eiao???, aaci??aeeiii? o?iiaoia?ao??,
iaoiaeaie aeaeo?iiii? niaeo?ineii?? i?e oaiia?aoo?? 1,8-4,2 E.
Cai?iiiiiaaii c?o/io aeey aeei?enoaiiy a oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa iaoiaeeeo
ye?nii? ioe?iee i?eaeaoiino? i/euaii? ne?iaeie, ui aaco?oueny ia
aei??thaaii? eiao?oe??ioo iiaeeiaiiy (k) ?ic/eio i-oa?oai?eo a oieoie?
ia aeiaaeei? oaee? 420 ii. Aeey e?aueo c?ace?a k 0,002 ni-1. Ai?no
iniiaii? ?a/iaeie a io?eiaiiio i?iaeoeo? 99,99%. Aeo?ae /enoiai
i-oa?oai?eo 60…65%. Aeei?enoaiiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai niiniao i/euaiiy
i-oa?oai?eo aeeeth/a? c oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano oae? o?oaeii?noe? ?
aeieia?/ii iaaacia/i? noaae??, ye ia?ae?enoae?caoe?y c oiene/ieo,
iiaeaaeiiaaacia/ieo i?aai?/ieo ?ic/eiiee?a, aeei?enoaiiy eeneio.
O?eaae?noue i?ioeano ciaioo?oueny o 8 ?ac?a. Niin?a i/euaiiy ca
aeiiiiiaith naeaeoeaii? ae?? ia neeaae aeii?oie ?ii?coth/iai
aei?ii?ithaaiiy iiaea aooe canoiniaaiee ? aei ?ioeo i?aai?/ieo niieoe.
E?eoa???i aeioe?eueiino? aeei?enoaiiy oeueiai niiniao ? i?enooi?noue o
?a/iaei? aeii?oie c eiao?oe??ioaie ?iciiae?eo 1, ui ?iaeoue
iaaoaeoeaiei canoinoaaiiy aeey i/euaiiy iaoiae?a ni?yiiaaii?
e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaao oa ciiii? ?aeoeo?eaoe??. Niin?a aeioe?eueii
aeei?e-noiaoaaoe oaeiae aeey i/euaiiy ?a/iaei, ui ia ? noaa?eueieie a
?icoii-eaiiio noai?.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? iienaii ?ic?iaeai? aaoi?ii iaoiaee ae?iuo-aaiiy
i?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a c ?icieaao, iienaii iiaee i?aeo?ae aei oi?aa-e?iiy
i?ioeanii e?enoae?caoe??, a oaeiae niin?a, a yeiio aeei?enoiaoaaeinue
yaeua i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaao ia iiaa?oi? a?aeeieo
iai?aa-i?/iiai e?enoaeo.

I?iaiae?ciaaii ia?aaaae oa iaaeie?ee ?ic?iaeaieo eiino?oeoe?e ?in-oiaeo
ia/ae, oiia a?aeiaethaaiiy, aeei?enoaiiy ??aeeiai oieiaeiaaaioo,
?icaeyiooi ieoaiiy noaa?e?caoe?? o?iioo e?enoae?caoe?? i?e ae?iuoaaii?
e?enoae?a ae?aiao?ii 80…120ii ? aeiaaeeiith 250…300ii iaoiaeii
A??aeaeiaia. Iieacaii, ui ia ii/aoeia?e noaae?? ?inoo, eiee
e?enoae?caoe?y a?aeaoaa?oueny a eiioni?e /anoei? oeaey, iaea?eueoee
aieea ia ianoaa?euei?noue oi?ie o?iioo e?enoae?caoe??, oaeaee?noue eiai
ia?ai?uaiiy a?aeiinii in? ?inoiai? ia/? ia? iaeiio?ieueiaaia eiiaaeoe?y
iia?o?y a ?iai/iio ia’?i? ia/?. Iiaa?oiy o?iioo e?enoae?caoe?? aa?aiooa
(?aae?on e?eaecie 3ii), oaeaee?noue ?inoo iaea?iaaii ci?ith?oueny o
e?eueea ?ac?a. O ?acoeueoao? i?i-aaaeaieo aenia?eiaio?a aoei ciaeaeaii
iioeiaeuei? oaieia? oiiae ?inoo e?enoae?a, ?ic?iaeaii iiao eiino?oeoe?th
e?enoae?caoe?eiiai aocea oaoiieia?/ii? onoaiiaee. Iniaeeaino?
eiino?oeoe?? iieyaathoue o oiio, ui ieaeiy eaia?a aa?oeeaeueii? oaooii?
ia/? caiiaiaia ??aeeei oieiaeiaaaioii (ae?oea?ei, ianei AAII?-O), a
iaeiio?ieueiaaia eiiaaeoe?y no?eioaaeanue niaoe?aeueiei ae?aiii, ui
i?eeeathaaany aei ?inoiai? aiioee, eiai ieaeiy /anoeia aoea caio?aia o
oieiaeiaaaio. ?acii c iiaa?oiath oieiaeiaaaioo ae?ai ooai?thaaa iaaeiei
aiioee caieiooee i?ino??, ui i?ecaiaeeei aei noaa?e?caoe?? oaeaeeino?
?inoo (±15%). Aeei?enoaiiy oieiaeiaaaioo aeicaieeei iie?ioeoe oiiae
a?aeaaaeaiiy oaieioe (oi?ia o?iioo e?enoae?caoe?? iaeaea ieinea) ?
a?aeiaethaaiiy e?enoae?a, yea i?iaiaeeee a ieaei?e eaia?? ia/?.

Aea/aii aieea eiio?ieueiaaieo aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo aeii?oie (AAAe) ia
e?enoae?caoe?th ?icieaa?a aio?aoeaio, aeeoai?eo, iaooae?io, noeeue-aaio,
i-oa?oai?eo. sse AAAe aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aaeiaaiiio?aei? aaici-o?iiio.
Oe? aeii?oee ooai?ththoue c iieaeoeaie iniiaii? ?a/iaeie ?icieaao
i?aeiieaeoey?i? eiiieaene c ia?aiinii ca?yaeo (IEIC), ui iathoue
aeaeo?e/i? aeeiieuei? iiiaioe (a iaoeo aeine?aeao aeei?enoiaoaaeenue
?a/i-aeie, ui ooai?ththoue IEIC c aeeiieueiei iiiaioii 2-3D). Aeii?oee
aaiaee-ee o oeooo ia?aae ?? ?icoiieaiiyi, ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a
i?iaiaeeee ca caaaeueiii?eiyoith iaoiaeeeith. A?eueoa /anoeia aeine?ae?a
cae?eniaia ia i?ee-eaae? noeeueaaio oa oei?ai?eo ye AAAe, ui c?iaeaii c
iaeyaeo ia noaa?euei?noue ?a/iaei ? oaoiieia?? io?eiaiiy e?enoae?a.
Eiioeaio?aoe?y AAAe aa??thaaeanue o ae?aiacii? 0..1,0 iie.%. I?e iaeeo
eiioeaio?aoe?yo (NAAe 0,7 iie.%), AAAe i?aeoe/ii ia aoiaeeee o e?enoae,
a a?aeo?niyeenue o e?iaoeue aoe? oa aei no?iie oeaey. Eiao?oe??io
?iciiae?eo aoa aecia/aiee ca aeiiiiiaith ?aioaaiioeoi-?anoeaioiiai
iaoiaeo ? aoa cia/ii iaioee iaeeieoe?. I?e NAAe 1,0 iie.%,
niinoa??aa?oueny ooai?aiiy aaaaoioaciiai ceeaea. A ?iaio? aoei
i?iaaaeaii ?aioaaiino?oeoo?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy e?enoae?a, aeine?aeaeaiiy
?o noeeioeeyoe?e-ieo ? ?aae?iethi?ianoeaioieo oa?aeoa?enoee,
aei??thaaiiy oaieio (Q), oaiia?aoo? (T) e?enoae?caoe??

oa oiieaiiy. Aecia/aiiy oaiei?iii-no? (N?) ?a/iaei i?e oiieaii?,
aeine?aeaeaiiy oiieaiiy ? e?enoa-e?caoe?? ?cio?iiieo noi?oae aeo?aeieo
?a/iaei, ui ai?uoaaee AAAe, i?iaaaeaii ia oa?ii-aiae?oe/i?e nenoai?
“Mettler TA-3000” i?e aoiinoa?iiio oeneo. ?ic?aoiaaii oa?aeoa?iee /an,
a?aenoai?, eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe, aia?a??, iaiao?aei? aeey ia?aa?ao oeo /e
?ioeo i?ioean?a o ?icieaa?, yeee ai?uo? AAAe. Ia ?enoieo ye ooieoe??
eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe o ?cio?iii?e noi?o? noeeueaaia oa oei?ai?ea,
iaaaaeaii cia/aiiy e? (na?aaeiueieaaae?aoe/ia ?ici???ioa-oe?y aeie?a
iica?ee e?enoae?a), a oaeiae aei??yieo ? ?ic?aoiaaieo oa?iiaeeiai?/ieo
aaee/ei aeey i?ioean?a oiieaiiy oa e?enoae?caoe?? (e?ea? 1 ? 2
a?aeiia?aeii). C ?enoiea aeaeii, ui an? ooieoe?? iathoue i?i?ioi i?e
eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe o ?icieaa? Ne?eo 0,1iie.%, ie??i oaiia?aoo?e
oiieaiiy, yea iaei caeaaeeoue a?ae AAAe a aeine?aeaeaiiio ?ioa?aae?
eiioeaio?aoe?e. Ia?aioieiaeaeaiiy i?e Ne?eo aoei i?i?iaeueia. O niaeo?ao
?aae?i – ? oioiethi?ianoeaioe?? e?enoae?a aeyaeaii aea? nioae c
aeiaaeeiaie oaeeue 380 ii, 410 ii c ?ioaineaiinoyie ?1, ?2,
a?aeiia?aeii. Anoaiiaeaii, ui inoaiiy iia’ycaia c no?oeoo?iith
aeineiiae?noth e?enoae?a – o iaea?eueo no?oeoo?ii aeineiiaeeo e?enoae?a
aiia i?i?iaeueia. A?aeiioaiiy ?2/?1, ye ooieoe?y eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe o
?icieaa?, ia? naia oaeee oa?aeoa?, ui ? a?ao?e e?, yeee oa?aeoa?eco?
caeaaei?noue no?oeoo?ii? aeineiiaeino? e?enoae?a a?ae eiioeaio?aoe??
AAAe o ?icieaa?. C aeine?aeaeaiue oi?ie oa ?ioaineaiino? oaeaeeiai ?
iia?eueiiai eiiiiiaio?a noeeioeeyoe?eiiai ?iioeueno aeyaeaii, ui
eiioeaio?aoe?y aeaoaeo?a no?oeoo?e, ye? ooai?ththoue nenoaie aeeaieeo
ianoie iin??a ca?yaeo ( 1eV) oa aeneoii?a (0,24eV), caeaaeeoue a?ae
eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe o ?icieaa? aiaeia?/ii. E??i oiai, aaaaeaiiy AAAe o
?icieaa a iioeiaeuei?e eiioeaio?aoe?? aeicaiey? i?iaiaeeoe i?ioean
ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoaea ia oaeaeeino? aei 3ii/aiae (cai?noue 1ii/aiae),
io?eioaaoe iiiie?enoaee ae?aiao?ii aei 120ii ? aenioith aei 250…300ii.
Ca ?aooiie iie?auaiiy no?oeoo?ii? aeineiiaeino? e?enoae?a noeeueaaio
noeeioeeyoe?eiee neaiae aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia? i?aeaeueany a 1,4 ?ace.

A aeaeo?inoaoe/iiio iie? IEIC caaaeyee ?iaeoeoe?ei?e aca?iiae?? ia
a?aenoaiyo re iaaeiei IEIC ooai?th?oueny no?eea iiey?ecaoe?eia ioi/aiiy
c iieaeoe ?icieaao ? aeieeathoue oeaio?e i???ioaoe?? oeeo iieaeoe
(oa?ae-oa?iee /an ooai?aiiy ia ia?aaeuo? 10-12-10-11 n). Oea
i?ecaiaeeoue aei oiai, ui e?enoae?caoe?y a?aeaoaa?oueny a oiiaao, eiee
aaee/eia aia?a?? i?aeiiea-eoey?ieo aca?iiae?e ci?ith?oueny ia i?aoi?a –
aeaa ii?yaeee. I?iaaaeai? oai?a-oe/i? ioe?iee iieacothoue, ui ae?y
aeaeo?inoaoe/iiai iiey IEIC ioiieth? aanue oa? ?icieaao a?ey o?iioo
e?enoae?caoe?? i?e eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe Ne?eo. I?e iaeeo eiioeaio?aoe?yo
AAAe aeieeathoue iiiaeeiie? IEIC (iieaeoea AAAe – iieaeoea ?icieaao). ?c
c?inoaiiyi eiioeaio?aoe?? AAAe NAAe o ?icieaa? aeey CAAe Ne?eo
ia?aaaaea? ooai?aiiy iiiaeeiieeo IEIC, o oie /an ye aeey NAAe Ne?eo
ii/eia? ia?aaaaeaoe ooai?aiiy “noia?eiiieaen?a”, eiaeiee c yeeo
neeaaea?oueny c nAD ie?aieo eiiieaen?a. ?c c?inoaiiyi NAAe c?inoa? nAAe,
a e?euee?noue oeaio??a i???ioaoe?? iieaeoe ?icieaao oa na?aaeiy
a?aenoaiue (re 6ii) i?ae oeeie oeaio?aie caeeoa?oueny iaeaea
iaci?iiith. Aaciina?aaeiuei ia o?iio? e?enoae?caoe?? a?aeaoaa?oueny
?iciaae IEIC, iieaeoea AAAe a?aeooia-oo?oueny a?ae iaae? oac o ?icieaa,
aea ciia ooai?th? IEIC. I?iaaaeai? ?ic?aooiee aeyaeythoue aenieo
?iia??i?noue ?iciaaeo IEIC ia iaae? oac, oei a?eueoa, ui aia?a?y, yea
iaiao?aeia aeey ?o ?iciaaeo, iaioa a?ae i?eoiaaii? oaieioe
e?enoae?caoe??. Oaeei /eiii, /anoeia oaiea, ui iiaeiia a?aeai-aeeoenue
a?ae o?iioo e?enoae?caoe?? a i?ioean? ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoaea,
aeo?a/a?oueny ia ?iciaae IEIC. ?c c?inoaiiyi NAAe ia o?iio?
e?enoae?caoe?? iaa?iiaaeaeothoueny i?iaeoeoe ?iciaaeo “noia?eiiieaen?a”,
ye? iiaeooue noai-?thaaoe aeiaeaoeia? oeaio?e e?enoae?caoe??, ui
i?ecaiaeeoue aei iia??oaiiy no?oeoo?ii? aeineiiaeino? e?enoae?a.

I?eiouaiiy, ui aeaeo?inoaoe/ia iiea IEIC ? no?oeoo?ii ae?th/ei oaeoi?ii
o i?ioean? e?enoae?caoe??, i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny aenia?eiaioaie c
ae-?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a ia iiaa?oi? e?aie? ?icieaaeaiiai iaoaeo (aae?th),
ui aeei?enoiaoaaeanue aeey cao?aaethaaiiy ?inoo e?enoaea. Iiiie?enoaee
aaea-aaeiny ae?iuoaaoe o?eueee oiae?, eiee a ?icieaa aaiaeeeenue AAAe o
eiioeai-o?aoe?? Ne?eo. Io?eiaii e?enoaee noeeueaaio ae?aiao?ii 18ii ?
aeiaaeeiith aei 20ii. Ca nai?ie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie aiie ia a?ae??ciyeenue
a?ae e?enoae?a, io?eiaieo ca aeiiiiiaith cae/iiai iaoiaeo cao?aaethaaiiy
?inoo.

Aaiaeeoe AAAe a ?icieaa i?e ae?iuoaaii? ci?oaieo e?enoae?a, iai?eeeaae,
e?enoae?a i-oa?oai?eo, aeoeaiaaieo 1,4-aeeoai?eaooaae??iii-1,3 (AeOA),
iaaeioe?eueii c iaeyaeo ia aaeeeo ?iia??i?noue ooai?aiiy IEIC c
ii-eaeoeaie aeoeaaoi?a. A inoaiiueiio aeiaaeeo aoei ia?aii i?aeo?ae, a
yeiio aeei?enoiaoaaeinue yaeua i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? ia iiaa?oi?
a?aeeieo iai?aai?/iiai e?enoaeo. Ia i?e, ye a?aeiii, iiaeooue
ciaoiaeeoenue aeoeai? oeaio?e, ye? iiaeooue ?i?oe?thaaoe aeaeo?inoaoe/i?
aca?iiae??. O?ce/iei ia-a?oiooaaiiyi oeueiai niiniao ? ?acoeueoaoe, ui
aoee aeeeaaeai? aeua. ?i?-oe?thaaoe ?ic?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a aaeaeiny ia
a?aeeieao iai?aai?/ieo e?e-noae?a c ?iiieie, eiaaeaioieie oa ci?oaieie
oeiaie ca’yce?a, a naia: Al2O3 (eaeeinaio??), KCl, NaCl, ZnS,
aieueo?aiao eaaei?th, nethaea (ion-eia?o). Ia?iaea iiaa?oi? oeeo
e?enoae?a i?ecaiaeeea aei iaaaoeaiiai ?acoeue-oaoo. Ae?iuoaaeenue
e?enoaee aio?aoeaio, aeeoai?eo, iaooae?io, noeeueaaio, i-oa?oai?eo.
E?enoaeia?ao?/ia ieiueia c iaea?eueoith ?aoeeoey?iith u?euei?noth a on?o
aeiaaeeao aoea ia?iaiaeeeoey?iith aei iai?yieo ?inoo. Ca-o?aaee
?ici?uoaaeenue ia aei? ?inoiai? aiioee oaeei /eiii, uia i?ioean ?inoo
i?a ?i?oe?thaaoenue o?eueee a oeaio?aeuei?e /anoei? a?aeeieo. Iaea?eueoa
i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iathoue e?enoaee i-oa?oai?eo, aeoeaiaai? AeOA. Oe?
e?enoaee, ye ? e?enoaee noeeueaaio, ae?iuoaaeenue ia cao?aaeao.
Ine?eueee niaei?noue oeeo e?enoae?a iaaeineiiaea, iaeiei c neeaaeieo
iiiaio?a oaoiieia?? io?eiaiiy e?enoae?a i-oa?oai?eo aoea noaae?y
aeaioiaeaiiy cao?aaee (aeei?enoaiiy a oiiaao ae?iaieoeoaa iioe/ieo aai
?aioaai?anueeeo iaoiae?a aeey aecia/aiiy i???ioaoe?? cao?aaee
aaaaeaeinue iaaeioe?eueiei). Oey i?iaeaia aoea ae??oaia caaaeyee
aeei?enoaiith o oaoiieia?? iaoiaeo cao?aaethaaiiy ?inoo ia iiaa?oi?
a?aeeiea iai?aai?/iiai e?enoaea. Iaea?eueo c?o/iei aeey oeueiai aoei
aeei?enoaiiy nethaee. Oeae niin?a aoei aaaaeaii o i?iieneiao
oaoiieia?th.

Iai?ee?ioe? ?icae?eo a?aecia/a?oueny, ui, ii-ia?oa, ?ic?iaeaii
i?iie-neia? iaoiaee io?eiaiiy i?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a aaeeeeo ?ici???a.
Ii-ae?oaa, iieacaii, ui aaaaeaiiy a ?icieaa aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo
aeii?oie noai?th? iiaee i?aeo?ae aei ea?oaaiiy e?enoae?caoe??th
i?aai?/ieo ?a/iaei ? aeicaiey? io?eioaaoe a?eueo aeineiiae? e?enoaee
(iai?eeeaae, na?aaeiueieaaae?aoe/ia ?ici???ioaoe?y aeie?a iica?ee
noaiiaeea 6…30, oiae? ye o e?enoae?a, ui io?eiai? ca o?aaeeoe?eiith
iaoiaeeeith aiia noaiiaeea 61…86), i?aeaeueoe i?iaeoeoeai?noue
oaoiieia?/iiai i?ioeano (i?iaiaeeoe i?ioean ia a?eueoeo oaeaeeinoyo),
aeiaanoe aeo?ae i?eaeaoieo e?enoae?a aei 60…70%. Ii-o?ao?, ni?anoaaeaiiy
?acoeueoao?a c e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaa?a, ye? i?noyoue aeii?oee AAAe,
ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a ia iiaa?oi? e?aie? ?icoiieaiiai iaoaeo, a?aeeieao
iai?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a c ??cieie oeiaie ca’yceo, ia a?aeoe?oiaai?e oa
iie??iaai?e iiaa?oi? iai?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a c i?iaaaeaieie oai?aoe/ieie
ioe?ieaie iiaeeeaiai iaoai?cio aieeao aeaeo?inoaoe/iiai iiey IEIC ia
e?enoae?caoe?th iieaeoey?iiai ?icieaao aeathoue i?aenoaae aaaaeaoe, ui a
on?o aeiaaeeao ae?? iaeei ? oie naiee iaoai?ci e?enoae?caoe??.

O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? i?iaiae?ciaaii oa?aeoa?enoeee e?enoae?a a
ca-eaaeiino? a?ae iaoiae?a ?o io?eiaiiy oa oa?aeoa?enoeee aeaoaeoi??a ia
?o iniia?. Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee aeaioiaeaiiy aeaoaeoi??a, ui
aeicaieythoue iie?ioeoe ?o noeeioeeyoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee ca ?aooiie
iioei?caoe?? i?ioeano ia?iaee e?enoae?a oa aeei?enoaiiy iaea?eueo
i?eaeaoieo iaoa??a-e?a, a oaeiae iaoiaee aeaioiaeaiiy aeaoaeoi??a
niaoe?aeueiiai i?ecia/aiiy c oiieino?iieie na?oeia?aeaeaath/eie
iaieiieaie ia iniia? e?aii?e-i?aai?/ieo iie?ia??a. Iienaii aeanoeaino?
iioe/ieo ? eiino?oeoe?eieo ia-oa??ae?a, a?ae?a?aieo aeey aeaioiaeaiiy
aeaoaeoi??a. Iaaaaeaii ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiue e?iaoeee
?aae?iethi?ianoeaioe?? e?enoae?a aio?aoeaio, noeeueaaio, i-oa?oai?eo
caeaaeii a?ae niinia?a ?o io?eiaiiy. Caoaeaeaiiy noeeioeeyoe??
cae?enithaaeinue -, -, -aei?ii?ithaaiiyie oa iaeo?iiaie o ??cieo
e?enoa-eia?ao?/ieo iai?yiao. Iieacaii, ui iaee?au? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeey
?ic-ae?eueii? niaeo?iiao??? oa ?a?no?aoe?? iaeo?ii?a ia oii?
-aei?ii?ithaaiiy iathoue e?enoaee noeeueaaio. E?enoaee i-oa?oai?eo,
aeoeaiaaiiai AeOA, caaaeyee a?eueoiio na?oeiaiio aeoiaeo i?ae e?enoaee
noeeueaaio (20104 oioii/IaA ? 1,4104 oioii/IaA a?aeiia?aeii) oaeiae c
oni?oii iiaeooue aooe aeei?enoai? o noaiao ?icae?eaiiy. Aeey
niaeo?iiao??? oa ?a?no?aoe?? -/anoeiie iaea?eueo i?eaeaoi? e?enoaee
i-oa?oai?eo, ye? iathoue nooo?a? ia?a-aaae ia?aae aio?aoeaiii, ui
aeei?enoiaoaaany ?ai?oa. Aio?aoeai, caaaeyee aaeee?e ai?cio?ii??
na?oeiaiai aeoiaeo, aeioe?eueii aeei?enoiaoaaoe o eii?-aeeiaoii/ooeeaeo
i?eeaaeao. Iaa?oioiaaii i?iaaaeaiiy aeiaeaoeiaiai a?aeia-ethaaiiy
e?enoae?a i?ney ?o iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee. Iaee?au? ?acoeueoaoe io-?eiaii
i?e cae?eniaii? a?aeiaethaaiiy e?enoae?a i?ae oa?ii eiiiiceoe?? ia
iniia? n?eienaiiaiai eao/oea ia?ee NEOA-IAAe, o aeiaaeeo i-oa?oai?eo,
i?e oaiia?aoo?? 100…130N. I?e oeueiio na?oeiaee aeo?ae c?inoa? ia 20%,
iie?ioothoueny aaeaac?ei? aeanoeaino? iiaa?oi? e?enoae?a aei
eiiiiceoe?e, ye? aeei?enoiaothoueny aeey noai?aiiy iioe/iiai ca’yceo
i?ae e?enoaeii ? aeo?ae-iei a?eiii aeaoaeoi?a. Aiae?c an??? iecee
oaoiieia?/ieo iia?aoe?e i?ioeano aeaioiaeaiiy noeeioeeyoe?eiiai
aeaoaeoi?a iieaco?, ui cai?iiiiiaai? iaoi-aee iaoai?/ii? ia?iaee
e?enoae?a c ianooiiei a?aeiaethaaiiyi a aeoeaiiio na?aaeiaeu?, a oaeiae
aeei?enoaiiy a?ae?a?aieo iaea?eueo i?eaeaoieo aeey aeaioiaeaiiy
aeaoaeoi??a iioe/ieo oa eiino?oeoe?eieo iaoa??ae?a aeathoue iiaeeea?noue
ye iie?ioeoe noeeioeeyoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee, oae ? aeaioi-aeyoe
aeaoaeoi?e, i?aoeacaeaoi? a ?ioa?aae? oaiia?aoo? – -60…60N.

O i’yoiio ?icae?e? iienaii aeaoaeoi?e oa i?eeaaee noeeioeeyoe?eii?
oaoi?ee ia iniia? i?aai?/ieo iiiie?enoae?a, ia?aaaae yeeo aacothoueny ia
?ic?iaeaieo oaoiieia?/ieo iaoiaeao ? i?aeoiaeao aei noai?aiiy oeeo
iaoa??ae?a. Oea cie?aia, aeaoaeoi?e aeey aeaeo?iiieo i?e?ineii?a,
aeaoaeoi?e aeey niaeo?iiao??? oaeaeeeo iaeo?ii?a, aeey ?a?no?aoe?? oa
niaeo?iiao??? -aei?ii?ithaaiue. I?iieneiaa ae?iaieoeoai oeeo aeaoaeoi??a
cae?eniaii aei-ne?aeiei ae?iaieoeoaii IOE “?inoeoooo iiiie?enoae?a” IAI
Oe?a?ie.

Na?aae aeaoaeoi??a ia iniia? aaoa?iaaiieo noeeioeeyoi??a ie?aia i?noea
caeiathoue aeaoaeoi?e oeio “oina?/” ia iniia? i?aai?/ieo oa
iai?-aai?/ieo (CsJ(Na), 6LiJ(Eu), aieueo?aiao eaaei?th) e?enoae?a.
Aeaoaeoi?e oeuei-ai oeio aeei?enoiaoaaeenue o ??cieo niaeo?iiao?ao
iaeo?ii?a oa -,-,-aei?ii?ithaaiue. Oea aeicaieeei ?ic?iaeoe niaeo?iiao?
ia iniia? “oina?/”-aeaoaeoi?a aeey aecia/aiiy ia’?iii? oa ieoiii?
aeoeaiino? ?aae?iioee?ae?a a ia’?eoao aeiae?eey (c?acee a?oioo,
aoae?aaeuei? iaoa??aee, i?iaeoeoe oa?/oaaiiy oa ?ioa) oeyoii
iacaeaaeiiai aei??thaaiiy -, -, -eiiiiiaio ?aae?aoe?eiiai iiey. Aeey
caaaeaiue ?aae?iaeieia?? aoee ?ic?iaeai? aeaoaeoi?e ia iniia?
aeoeaiaaiiai i-oa?oai?eo caaoiaoee 10…100 iei, ui io?eioaaeenue
iaoiaeaie aaeooiii? noae?iaoe??, a oaeiae aeaoaeoi?e caaoiaoee
0,1…1,5ii, ia iniia? ae??aiiaeenia?niiai iiiie?enoae?/iiai ii?ioeo
aeoeaiaaiiai i-oa?oai?eo, aeenia?aiaaiiai o e?aii?ei?aai?/iiio iie?ia??.
Inoaii? i?ecia/ai? aeey ?a?no?aoe?? -, -aei?ii?ithaaiue ? ?
ia?niaeoeaieie c iaeyaeo ia oa, ui oaoiieia?y aeicaiey? io?eioaaoe
ae?iae yei? caaaiaeii ieiu? oa oi?ie, i?e/iio noeeioeeyoe?eiee neaiae
noaiiaeoue ia iaioa i?ae 90% a?ae aaee/eie neaiaeo aoaeiia ia iniia?
e?enoaea aeoeaiaaiiai i-oa?oai?eo. Iaaaaeaii i?eeeaaee canoinoaaiiy
?ic?iaeaieo aeaoaeoi??a.

O aeniiaeao aeeeaaeaii iaea?eueo aaaeeea? iaoeia? oa oaoi?/i?
?acoeueoaoe.

1. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiae aeeaieiai i/euaiiy i?aai?/ieo ?a/iaei, cie?aia
i-oa?oai?eo. Iaoiae a?oioo?oueny ia ??cieoe? a ?aae?aoe?ei?e no?eeino?
i-oa?oai?eo ? i?enooi?o o iueiio aeii?oie.

2. Noi?ioeueiaaia iiaeaeue, i?iaaaeaii oa?iiaeeiai?/i? ?ic?aooiee
i?ioean?a iiaeeeaiai iaoai?cio e?enoae?caoe?? iieaeoey?ieo ?a/iaei i?ae
aieeaii i???ioaoe?? iieaeoe ?icieaao aeaeo?inoaoe/iei iieai, noai?aiei
eiio?ieueiaaieie aeii?oeaie IEIC.

3. Aea/aii aieea IEIC ia e?iaoeeo e?enoae?caoe?? ?icieaao oa
no?oe-oo?io aeineiiae?noue e?enoae?a, ui io?eioaaeenue.

4. Iieacaii, ui yaeua i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? i?aai?/ieo
iiea-eoey?ieo ?icieaa?a ia iiaa?oi? a?aeeie?a iai?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a
??cieo eean?a iiaeeeai aeei?enoiaoaaoe i?e ae?iuoaaii? e?enoae?a c
?icieaao.

5. ?ic?iaeaii iaoiaee ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a c ?aaoethaaiiyi ?o
no?oeoo?ii? aeineiiaeino?, iaoiaee oa eiino?oeoe?? ?inoiaiai iaeaaeiaiiy
aeey ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a ae?aiao?ii 80-120ii.

6. I?iaaaeaii aeine?aeaeaiiy iioe/ieo, noeeioeeyoe?eieo oa?aeoa?enoee
e?enoae?a, ciaeaeaii ei?aeyoe?th i?ae ieie ? no?oeoo?iith aeineiiae?noth
e?e-noae?a, a oaeiae oaoiieia?/ieie ia?aiao?aie i?ioeano aeaioiaeaiiy
aeaoae-oi??a.

Oaoi?/i? iaoiaee, ?ic?iaeai? i?e aeeiiaii? aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe,
aeicaieeee iioei?coaaoe oaoiieia?th io?eiaiiy i?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a ?
iie?ioeoe noeeioeeyoe?ei? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia?.
?acoeue-oaoe ?iaioe ai?iaaaeaeaii o ae?iaieoeoai.

O aeiaeaoeao iaaaaeaii aeieoiaioe, ui i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue i?iieneiaa
aeei?enoaiiy ?ic?iaeaieo iaoiae?a.

Ioae?eaoe??

1. Aoaeaeianeee N. A., Aaeoiia I. C., E?aeiia E. I., Iiaoeaeaiiaa O. ?.
Aeeyiea eiio?iee?oaiuo yeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?iuo i?eianae ia
?aaeeiethieianoeaioeeth iiiie?enoaeeia noeeueaaia // AEo?iae i?eeeaaeiie
niaeo?ineiiee. – 1986. – 44 ? 6.- N. 1012-1015.

2. Aoaeaeianeee N. A., Aaeoiia I. C., E?aeiia E. I., Naieiiaeaiei A. I.
Iniaaiiinoe no?oeoo?u e ?aaeeiethieianoeaioiuo oa?aeoa?enoee
iiiie?enoaeeia noeeueaaia, au?auaiiuo ec ?anieaaa, niaea?aeauaai
yeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?iua i?eiane // Aeiee. AI ONN?. Na?. A. – 1989. – ? 1 –
N. 46-48.

3. Krainov J. P., Galunov N. Z., Budakovsky S. V. The influence of
controlled electron seeking addition agents of the melt on stilbene
single structure and radioluminescence properties // Cryst. Research and
Technology. – 1989. – 24, ? 2. – P. 193-197.

4. Budakovsky S. V., Galunov N. Z., Krainov I. P. The influence of
energy exchange process of charge states on radioluminescence pulse
shape rise in organic solids // Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals –
1990. – 186. – P. 151-157

5. Budakowsky S. V., Galunov N. Z., Krainov I. P. The properties of
molecular crystals growth from the melt containing electron-seeking
addition agents // Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals – 1993. – 236
– ? 5. – P. 62-64.

6. Grinyov B. V., Andryushchenko L. A., Budakovsky S. V., Raigorodsky
I. P., Sotnikov V. T. Scintillation material for detection of Alfa, Beta
– radiation bassed on polymerdispersed p-terphenyl // IEEA Transaction
on Nuclear Science. – 1995. – Vol. 42, ? 4. – P. 361-363.

7. Nagornaya L. L., Zelenskaya O. V., Budakovsky S. V., Chichikalyuk
Yu. A. A highly efficient Alfa, Beta, Gamma – spectrometer with low back
ground // IEEA Transaction on Nuclear Science. – 1996. – 43, ? 3. – P.
1284-1286.

8. A?eiaa A. A., Aoaeaeianeee N. A., Eenaoeeee E. I., Iaieea?neay A.
Ae., Eaeei A. A. Aeeyiea aeaaeaiey e iiaeeiaeee ia iniaaiiinoe
iaaeiieaeoey?iie no?oeoo?u e?enoaeeecothueony ?anieaaia //
E?enoaeeia?aoey – 1997 – 42, ? 3 – N. 506-508.

9. Budakovsky S. V., Grinyov B. V., Tarasenko O. A., Vasil’ev D. V.
Transport and recombination of charge states in organic single
crystalline and polycrystalline scintillators // Molecular Crystals and
Liquid Crystals – 1998. – 324 – P. 145-151.

10. Aiae?thuaiei E. A., Aoaeaeianeee N. A., Aaaaoc E. A., Aaeoiia I.
C., Aa?ooi A.N., Ai?eeaoeeee A. E., A?eiaa A. A., Ieeeiaiei A. N.,
Oeoeeay A. Ae. Aeaoaeoi?u ia iniiaa i?aaie/aneeo noeeioeeeyoi?ia n
oeo/oaiiuie yenieoaoaoeeiiiuie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie // I?eai?u e oaoieea
yenia?eiaioa. – 1999. – ? 5 – N. 1-7.

11. A. N. 1226799 NNN?, IEE N07 n 15/14. Niinia i/enoee ia?aoa?oaieea /
N. A. Aoaeaeianeee, O. ?. Iiaoeaeaiiaa, E. E. Iaai?iay (NNN?). – ?
3787473/04; Cayaeaia 22.06.84; Iioae. 20.10.97, Athe. ? 29. – 6 n.

12. A. N. 1122012 NNN?, IEE N 30 A 11/00. Ono?ienoai aeey au?aueaaiey
iiiie?enoaeeia / I. I. Eaaiia, N. A. Aoaeaeianeee (NNN?). – ?
3568486/26; Cayaeaii 25.01.83; Iioae. 20.10.97, Athe. ? 29. – 2 n.

13. A. N. 1262998 NNN?, IEE N 30 A 11/00. Ono?ienoai aeey au?aueaaiey
e?enoaeeia iai?aaeaiiie e?enoaeeecaoeeae ?anieaaa / N. A. Aoaeaeianeee,
I. I. Eaaiia, A. Ae. Iao?e/aiei (NNN?). – ? 3723377/26; Cayaeaii
09.04.84; Iioae. 19.05.98, Athe. ? 14. – 2 n.

14. A. N. 1037773 NNN?, IEE G 01 O 1/202. Niinia ecaioiaeaiey
noeeioeeeyoeeiiiuo aeaoaeoi?ia ia iniiaa iiiie?enoaeeia ia?aoa?oaieea e
noeeueaaia / N. A. Aoaeaeianeee, E. E. Iaai?iay (NNN?). – ?
3371028/18-25; Cayaeaii 23.12.81; Iioae. 04.07.98, Athe. ? 17. – 3 n.

15. A. N. 948171 NNN?, IEE N 30 A 11/00. Noeeioeeeyoi? ia iniiaa
noeeueaaia / N. A. Aoaeaeianeee, E. I. E?aeiia, O. ?. Iiaoeaeaiiaa, A.
O. Oea/aiei (NNN?). – ? 3230366/23-26; Cayaeaii 04.01.81; Iioae.
19.05.98, Athe. ? 14. – 3 n.

16. Aoaeaeianeee N. A., Aaeoiia I. C., E?aeiia E. I. I?aaie/aneea
iiii-e?enoaeeu n ?aaoee?oaiui no?oeoo?iui niaa?oainoaii. – Oa?ueeia:
I?ai?eio AIEE Iiiie?enoaeeia, 1990. – 32 n.

Aoaeaeianueeee N.A. I?aai?/i? e?enoaee aeey noeeioeeyoe?eii? oaoi?ee.

Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oaoi?/ieo iaoe
ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 05.02.01 – iaoa??aeiciaanoai. – ?inoeooo
iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie, Oa?e?a, 1999.

O aeena?oaoe?? ?icaeyiooi oa oaeineiiaeaii an? noaae?? oaoiieia?/ii?
iecee i?ioeano aeaioiaeaiiy noeeioeeyoe?eiiai aeaoaeoi?a. Cai?iiiiiaaii
niiniae i/euaiiy aeo?aeii? ne?iaeie, ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a c
aeei?en-oaiiyi yaeua i???ioiaaii? e?enoae?caoe?? i?aai?/ieo ?a/iaei ia
a?aeeieao iai?aai?/ieo e?enoae?a. Aeyaeaii, ui iaeeaaeaiiy
aeaeo?inoaoe/iiai iiey aeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?ieo aeii?oie ia i?aeiieaeoey?i?
aca?iiae?? o ?icieaa? aeicaiey? ea?oaaoe i?ioeanii e?enoae?caoe??.
Cai?iiiiiaaia eiai oa?ii-aeeiai?/ia iiaeaeue. Oaeineiiaeaii iaoiaee
ae?iuoaaiiy e?enoae?a oa aeai-oiaeaiiy aeaoaeoi??a ia ?o iniia?,
iaaaaeaii i?eeeaaee ?o canoinoaaiiy o aenia?eiaioao ? i?eeaaeao.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: noeeioeeyoi?e, i?aai?/i? e?enoaee, ?icieaa,
e?enoa-e?caoe?y, aeaoaeoi?e, ?ii?coth/a aei?ii?ithaaiiy.

Aoaeaeianeee N.A. I?aaie/aneea e?enoaeeu aeey noeeioeeeyoeeiiiie
oaoieee.

Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oaoie/aneeo iaoe
ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 05.02.01 – iaoa?eaeiaaaeaiea. – Einoeooo
iiii-e?enoaeeia IAI Oe?aeiu, Oa?ueeia, 1999.

A aeenna?oaoeee ?anniio?aiu e oniaa?oainoaiaaiu ana noaaeee
oaoiieiae/aneie oeaii/ee ecaioiaeaiey noeeioeeeyoeeiiiiai aeaoaeoi?a.
?ac?aaioaiu iaoiaeu aeoaieie i/enoee i?aaie/aneeo noeeioeeeyoeeiiiuo
iaoa?eaeia, a /anoiinoe i-oa?oaieea. Iaoiae iniiaai ia ?acieoea a
?aaeeaoeeiiiie noieeinoe i-oa?oaieea e niaea?aeaueony a iai anoanoaaiiuo
i?eianae. Eiiia?/aneee i?iaeoeo iiaeaa?aaee iaeo/aieth eiiece?othuei
eceo/aieai oeueo?aoeieaoiaiai, ?aioaaiianeiai, aaiia aeeaiaciiia,
iioieaie yeaeo?iiia. Iinea /aai i?iaiaeeee i/enoeo iaoiaeii ciiiie
ieaaee. Niaea?aeaiea iniiaiiai aauanoaa a iieo/aiiii nu?uea ninoaaeyei
99,99%. Noi?ioee?iaaia iiaeaeue e i?iaaaeaiu oa?iiaeeiaie/aneea ?an/aou
i?ioeannia aiciiaeiiai iaoaiecia e?enoaeeecaoeee iieaeoey?iuo aauanoa n
o/aoii yooaeoia iiey?ecaoeee iieaeoe ?anieaaa iieai eiio?iee?oaiuo
yeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?iuo i?eianae. Eco/aii eo aeeyiea ia eeiaoeeo
e?enoaeeecaoeee ?anieaaa e no?oeoo?iia niaa?oainoai iieo/aaiuo
e?enoaeeia. Iieacaii, /oi aa?uee?iaaiea eiioeaio?aoeeae
yeaeo?iiiaeoeaioi?iuo i?eianae a ?anieaaa iicaieyao oi?aaeyoue
no?oeoo?iui niaa?oainoaii iieo/aaiuo e?enoaeeia e iiauneoue nei?inoue
au?aueaaiey ii/oe a 3 ?aca. Auyniaii, /oi yaeaiea i?eaioe?iaaiiie
e?enoaeeecaoeee i?aaie/aneeo iieaeoey?iuo aauanoa ia iiaa?oiinoe neieia
iai?aaie/aneeo e?enoaeeia ?acee/iuo eeannia aiciiaeii eniieueciaaoue i?e
au?aueaaiee ianneaiuo iieaeoey?iuo e?enoaeeia ec ?anieaaa. Au?aueaaeenue
e?enoaeeu aio?aoeaia, aeeoaieea, iaooaeeia, noeeueaaia, i-oa?oaieea. A
ea/anoaa cao?aaie eniieueciaaeenue iiaa?oiinoe neieia neaaeothueo
iai?aaie/aneeo e?enoaeeia: Al2O3 (eaeeinaioe?), KCl, NaCl, ZnS,
aieueo?aiao eaaeiey, nethaea (ioneiaeo). Iieo/aiiua e?enoaeeu ii naiei
naienoaai ia ioee/aeenue io e?enoaeeia, au?auaiiuo ii noaiaea?oiie
oaoiieiaee. Io?aaioaiu iaoiaeu au?aueaaiey e eiino?oeoeee ?inoiaiai
iai?oaeiaaiey aeey iieo/aiey e?enoaeee/aneeo noeeioeeeyoi?ia aeeaiao?ii
80-120 ii. Iieacaii, /oi ia ia/aeueiie noaaeee i?ioeanna au?aueaaiey
e?enoaeeia iaoiaeii A?eaeaeiaia, eiaaea e?enoaeeecaoeey i?ioaeaao a
eiioniie /anoe oeaey, iaeaieueoaa aeeyiea ia oi?io o?iioa
e?enoaeeecaoeee ieacuaaao iaeiio?iee?oaiay eiiaaeoeey aicaeooa a ?aai/ai
iauaia ?inoiaie ia/e. I?aaeeiaeaia iiaay eiino?oeoeey ?inoiaie
onoaiiaee. I?iaaaeaiu enneaaeiaaiey iioe/aneeo e noeeioeeeyoeeiiiuo
oa?aeoa?enoee e?enoaeeia, iaeaeaia ei??aeyoeey iaaeaeo ieie e
oaoiieiae/aneeie ia?aiao?aie i?ioeanna ecaioiaeaiey aeaoaeoi?ia.
Oniaa?oainoaiaaiu iaoiaeu iaoaie/aneie ia?aaioee e?enoaeeia. Iieacaii,
/oi i?e iaoaie/aneie ia?aaioea a e?enoaeeao ia?acothony ?aciiai ?iaea
aeaoaeou, eioi?ua oooaeoatho eo noeeioeeeyoeeiiiua oa?aeoa?enoeee.
I?aaeeiaeaii iinea ia?aaioee i?iaiaeeoue aeiiieieoaeueiue ioaeea
e?enoaeeia. Iaeeo/oea ?acoeueoaou iieo/aiu, eiaaea e?enoaeeu ioaeeaaee a
neia e?aiieei?aaie/aneie eiiiiceoeee. A ?acoeueoaoa naaoiaie auoiae
aeaoaeoi?ia aue iiauoai ia 20%, e?iia oiai, oeo/oaeenue aaeaaceiiiua
naienoaa iiaa?oiinoe e?enoaeeia. Iienaiu iiaeia?aiiua iioeiaeueiua
iioe/aneea e eiino?oeoeeiiiua iaoa?eaeu aeey ecaioiaeaiey aeaoaeoi?ia.
Oaoie/aneea i?eaiu e iaoiaeu oa?ie/aneie, iaoaie/aneie ia?aaioee
e?enoaeeia, ?ac?aaioaiiua i?e auiieiaiee ?aaiou, iicaieeee
iioeiece?iaaoue oaoiieiaeth ecaioiaeaiey noeeioeeeyoeeiiiuo aeaoaeoi?ia
e oeo/oeoue eo yenieoaoaoeeiiiua oa?aeoa?enoeee. Aeaiu i?eia?u
eniieueciaaiey aeaoaeoi?ia, iienaiu iiaua oeiu ?ac?aaioaiiuo
aeaoaeoi?ia. ?acoeueoaou ?aaiou aiaae?aiu a i?iecaiaenoai e iicaieytho
aiai?eoue i nicaeaiee aacu aeey ?ac?aaioee e auionea iaoa?eaeia e
ono?ienoa noeeioeeeyoeeiiiie oaoieee, ioaa/athueo nia?aiaiiui
o?aaiaaieyi.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: noeeioeeeyoi?u, i?aaie/aneea e?enoaeeu, ?anieaa,
e?enoaeeecaoeey, aeaoaeoi?u, eiiece?othuaa eceo/aiea.

Budakovsky S.V. Organic crystals for scintillation technics.

Thesis for scientific degree of candidate of sciences, speciality
05.02.01.- materials science.- Institute for Single Crystals of National
Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov, 1999.

All stages of technological procedures for production of scintillation
detectors were studied and improved. Technologies for an initial raw
material purification as well as for crystal growth based on the effect
of directed crystallization on the cleavage surface of an inorganic
crystal have been proposed. It has been shown that the influence of
electrostatic field of electron-seeking addition agents on
intermolecular interaction in the melt allows to control the
crystallization process. Its thermodynamic model has been proposed as
well. Techniques of detectors production have been improved, new devices
on the base of such detectors have been described.

Key words: scintillators, organic crystals, melt, crystallization,
detectors, ionizing radiation.

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I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 28. 09. 99 ?.

Oi?iao A5. Oi.-ae?oe. a?e. 0,7

Oe?aae 100i?ei. Caiiaeaiiy ?35

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?ioai?eio ?inoeoooo iiiie?enoae?a IAI Oe?a?ie

i. Oa?e?a, i?. Eai?ia, 60, oae. (0572) 30-83-97

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