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Ефективність мотивації праці банківського персоналу: Автореф. дис… канд. екон. наук / М.В. Паладій, НАН України. Рада по вивч. продукт. сил України.

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IAOe?IIAEUeIA AEAAeAI?ss IAOE OE?A?IE

?AAeA II AEA*AIITH I?IAeOEOEAIEO NEE OE?A?IE

IAEAAe?E Ieeiea Aaneeueiae/

OAeE 336.71 (35.08.)

AOAEOEAI?NOUe IIOEAAOe?? I?AOe?

AAIE?ANUeEIAI IA?NIIAEO

Niaoe?aeuei?noue 08.09.01 – Aeaiia?ao?y, aeiiii?ea i?aoe?,

nioe?aeueia aeiiii?ea ? iie?oeea

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Ee?a-1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia a E??iaia?aaenueeiio aea?aeaaiiio oaoi?/iiio
oi?aa?neoao? I?i?noa?noaa ina?oe Oe?a?ie.

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:

eaiaeeaeao aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Naiee?ia Ia?eia Aaeaioei?aia,

E??iaia?aaenueeee aea?aeaaiee oaoi?/iee oi?aa?neoao,

aeioeaio eaoaae?e “O?iaine oa ieaioaaiiy”

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe

Cayoeue Oaoyia Aiaoie??aia,

?aaea ii aea/aiith i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI Oe?a?ie,

aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee a?aeae?eo i?iaeai caeiyoino?

? ?eieo i?aoe?;

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, aeioeaio

Iao?iaa ??eia Eaii?ae?aia,

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee, oi?aae?iiy oa ainiiaea?nueeiai i?aaa,

i?ioani? eaoaae?e “Aeiiii?ea i?iieneiaino?”

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:

?inoeooo aeiiii?ee IAI Oe?a?ie, a?aeae?e aeiiii?ee i?aoe? oa

caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy, i.Ee?a

Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny “10” ethoiai 2000 ?ieo i 1430 aiae. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 26.160.01 ?aaee ii aea/aiith
i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith: 252032, i. Ee?a,
aoe. O.Oaa/aiea, 60.

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoeny o a?ae?ioaoe? ?aaee ii aea/aiith
i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI Oe?a?ie ca aae?anith:
252032, i. Ee?a, aoeueaa? O.Oaa/aiea, 60.

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee “4” n?/iy 2000 ?ieo.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

aeieoi? aeiiii?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? N.?.Aaiaeo?

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA AeENA?OAOe?EII? ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie. ?eieia? ia?aoai?aiiy a Oe?a?i? aeiaaathoue
ia?aaoaeiae iaoiae?a oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath a on?o aaeocyo aeiiii?ee,
cie?aia, o aaie?anuee?e noa??, yea nooo?ai aieeaa? ia noai
o?iainiai-e?aaeeoiiai eiiieaeno e?a?ie oa oni?o aeiiii?/ieo ?aoi?i.
Caaaeaiiy, ye? iinoaaeai? ia?aae aaieaie ? i???ioiaai? ia aeinyaiaiiy ?o
o?iainiai? noaa?e?caoe??, iaieiae?iiy iia?oi?ie aaie?anueeeie
oaoiieia?yie, iio?aaothoue oi?ioaaiiy aaie?anueeiai i?aoe?aieea
?eieiaiai oeio c aenieith iioeaaoe??th aei ?acoeueoaoeaii? i?aoe?,
i?aeaeuaiiy yeino? aaie?anueeeo iineoa, ?icaeoeo
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?.

Iaei??th c ia?aoeiae o ?eieia?e o?ainoi?iaoe?? oe?a?inueeeo aaie?a ?
?nioaaiiy iaaeie?e?a a oi?aae?ii? i?aoeath ia?niiaeo, oniaaeeiaaieo c
/an?a ieaiiai? oeaio?ae?ciaaii? aeiiii?ee. Iaenooo?a?oee c ieo –
a?aenooi?noue ae?eiaiai iaoai?cio anaa?/iiai aeei?enoaiiy o?oaeiaiai
iioaioe?aeo ia?niiaeo, yeee ae ?aaeueii niiioeaa i?aoe?aiee?a aei
i?iaeoeoeaii? i?aoe?, ?icaeoeo i?ioan?eieo yeinoae, ?eieiaiai ieneaiiy,
?iiiaaoe?e.

Ia no/aniiio aoai? ia’?eoeaii aeieeei oa caaino?th?oueny i?ioe??//y i?ae
caaaeaiiyie ?ioaineaiiai aeeiai?/iiai ?icaeoeo aaie?a Oe?a?ie oa
canoa??eeie iaoiaeaie iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?. I?eeoaaiiy i?i o?iainiao
noaa?euei?noue oa ia?iuoaaiiy a?ioiaiai eai?oaeo ia?ai?noeee aei /enea
ae?oai?yaeieo ieoaiiy oe?iiino? ethaenueeiai eai?oaeo, caaacia/aiiy
aoaeoeaii? iioeaaoe?? o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?. Aac ci?uaiiy i??i?eoao?a a
oi?aae?ii? ia?niiaeii aei oi?ioaaiiy ae?eiaiai iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio,
aaeaeaaoiiai oiiaai ?eieiaiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy, i?aeoe/ii iaiiaeeeai
caaacia/eoe aeeoo?ae?yeuei?noue aeiiii?ee e?a?ie, ?? ?ioaa?aoe?th o
na?oiaee aeiiii?/iee i?ino??.

Iiooe iiaeo nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ieo aaaeae?a caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaii?
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, i???ioiaaieo ia anaa?/ia
aeei?enoaiiy oa ?icaeoie o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo, aeinyaiaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? e aeiiii?/iiai oni?oo, iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue
nenoaiieo aeine?aeaeaiue iioeaaoe?eiiai ni?yioaaiiy oa aecia/a?
aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe.

Aeine?aeaeaiith i?iaeaie o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? i?enayoeee nai? i?aoe?
iaoeiaoe? ieioeiai oa no/aniino?, na?aae ieo A.Ni?o,
I.Ooaai-Aa?aiianueeee, A.Aa?iaaenueeee, O.Oaeei?, I.Aano?a, ?.Eaiono?i,
A.ssaeia, A.Iaei, Ae.Iae A?aai?, A.Ianeio, O.Aa?oeaa?a, E.Ii?oa?, A.
A?oi, I.Ianeii, A.N?eaaeae?, ?io. Na?aae a?o/eciyieo aeiiii?no?a aaaiiee
aianie o ?icaeoie iioeaaoe?eieo oai??e aianee N.Aaiaeo?, Ae.Aiaeiy,
I.Aoaooeueeee, I.E?i, A.A?oaeaanueeee, A.Aeaithe, A.Aeieo?aiei,
O.Cayoeue, A.Eoiaeiaa, I.Naiee?ia, A.Eieio, A.Eoeeeia, A.Eooeaiei,
A.E?aaiiaa, ?. Iao?iaa, A.Ii?e??iei, A.Naa/oe, A.*a?iye, A.*ooii oa ?i..

I?ioa a?aeii? iaoeia? ?acoeueoaoe ia oi?eioeeny no/anieo
iniaeeainoae o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo. Caeeoa?oueny
iaaeinoaoiuei aea/aiith i?iaeaia aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii?
aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? o eiia?oe?eiiio aaieo, eiiieaenii ia
aecia/ai? ?? neeaaeia?, caniae ?aaoethaaiiy o iaaeao iioeaaoe?eiiai
iaoai?cio, ui cana?ae/o? aeioe?euei?noue ia?aiiai iai?yio aeine?aeaeaiiy
ye aeey aaie?anueei? noa?e, oae ? aeey aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie a oe?eiio.

Ca’ycie ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie, oaiaie. Aeena?oaoe?eia
aeine?aeaeaiiy aeeiiaia o a?aeiia?aeiino? c aeiiaaie Oeaco I?aceaeaioa
Oe?a?ie “I?i Iniiai? iai?yiee nioe?aeueii? iie?oeee ia 1997-2000
??.”, Eii?aeeiaoe?eiei ieaiii iaoeiaeo aeine?aeaeaiue c i?iaeai
caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy ? ?eieo i?aoe? Oe?a?ie ia 1996-2000 ??., ieaiii
iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee i?aoe? oa iaiaaeaeiaioo
E??iaia?aaenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo.

Iaoa oa caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy. Iaoa aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe iieyaa? o
?ic?iaoe? iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo, aaeaeaaoiiai ?eieia?e nenoai? ainiiaea?thaaiiy.

Aeinyaiaiiy aeacaii? iaoe ia?aaeaa/a? ae??oaiiy ianooiieo caaaeaiue:

cae?enieoe aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ?icaeoeo iaoeiai? aeoiee noiniaii
caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaii? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia?niiaeo;

aecia/eoe i?noea iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? a no/ani?e iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy
i?aoeath a aaieao;

ia??oiooaaoe neeaaeia? aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino?
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo;

noi?ioaaoe iaoeia? iniiae ?aaoethaaiiy iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo.

I?aaeiao oa ia’?eo aeine?aeaeaiiy. I?aaeiaoii aeine?aeaeaiiy ia?aii
i?ioean oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath ia?niiaeo aaieo, ni?yiiaaiee ia aeinyaiaiiy
aeiiii?/iiai oni?oo ? c?inoaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? ia iniia?
?aae?caoe?? oa ?icaeoeo o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo i?aoe?aiee?a. Ia’?eo
aeine?aeaeaiiy – o?oaeiaa ae?yeuei?noue ia?niiaeo iaeanieo aee?aeoe?e oa
o?e?e Oe?nioeaaieo (o i?noao E??iaia?aae, Iaeana, Ee?a, Eoaainuee,
*a?eane), I?ii?iaanoaaieo, AEA “Oe?a?ia”, OEA “Oe?aen?iaaie” (i.
E??iaia?aae), E??iaia?aaenueei? OEA “Eiyaeee”.

Iaoiaeieia?y, iaoiaee oa ?ioi?iaoe?eia aaca aeine?aeaeaiiy. Oai?aoe/iith
oa iaoiaeieia?/iith iniiaith aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy noaee
ooiaeaiaioaeuei? iieiaeaiiy no/anii? aeiiii?/ii? oai???, iaoeia?
aeinyaiaiiy a?o/eciyieo oa ca?oa?aeieo a/aieo o noa?? o?oaeiai?
iioeaaoe??.

?ioi?iaoe?eio iniiao aeena?oaoe?? neeaee iieiaeaiiy Eiinoeoooe??
Oe?a?ie, caeiiiaeaa/? oa ii?iaoeai? aeoe Oe?a?ie c ieoaiue i?aoe?, ??
iieaoe, nioe?aeueiiai caoenoo oa ?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiaeo a?aeiinei,
iaoa??aee i?aai?a aea?aeaaii? noaoenoeee, oa?eoi??aeueieo i?aai?a
oi?aae?iiy, iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?e, iaoeiaeo aeaeaiue, ca?oe
eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a oa i?aei?e?inoa, ?acoeueoaoe nioe?ieia?/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue ? aenia?eiaio?a, i?iaaaeaieo aaoi?ii a iaeanieo
aee?aeoe?yo oa o?e?yo eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a.

Ae??oaiiy iinoaaeaieo o ?iaio? caaaeaiue oa ia?iaea aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeaieo cae?enithaaeenue ia IAII c iiceoe?e nenoaiiiai i?aeoiaeo ?c
caeo/aiiyi iaoiae?a aeiiii?ei-noaoenoe/iiai, nioe?ieia?/iiai, a?ao?/iiai
aiae?co, iaoaiaoe/iiai iiaeaethaaiiy oa i?ia?aioaaiiy, aieaooaaiiy,
aenia?oieo ioe?iie.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a:

ooi/iaii oa caaaa/aii ci?no nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii? eaoaai???
“aoaeoeai?noue iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?”, aecia/aii ?? neeaaeia?, nooi?noue,
iieacieee oa niiniae aei??thaaiiy;

ae?noaei iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie iaoeiaa iieiaeaiiy noiniaii iayaiino?
aeaio eiiiiiaio o ci?no? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo: ia?oa
eiiiiiaioa – i?aoey ?a?eaiaioiaaia, ae?oaa – i?aoey c aeaiaioaie
oai?/ino?;

aia?oa anoaiiaeaii o oi?iae?ciaaiiio aeaeyae? ca’ycie i?ae iieacieeaie
i?aoeacaeaoiino? ia?niiaeo oa oiiaaie, ianyaii, o?eaae?noth i?aoe? c
aeie?aieaiiyi a?aei?iiinoae aeeiai?ee noiieaiiy i?aoe?aiee?a a iaaeao
?a?eaiaioiaaii? i?aoe? oa i?aoe? oai?/i? ( SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a
-i?aoe? oa SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe?);

aeiaaaeaii ia iiaeaeueiiio ??ai?, ia a?aei?io a?ae ?nioth/eo oyaeaiue,
ui ia aeinyaiaiiy aaaeaii? ?aioaaaeueiino? i?aoe? ia?niiaeo aieeaa?
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy i?ae noeioethaaiiyi SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a
-i?aoe? oa SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe?;

?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo aeyaeaiiy aeii?ioth/eo oaeoi??a iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?
oa aei??o ?oiueiai aieeao ia neeo iioeaaoe?? ? ?acoeueoaoeai?noue
i?aoe?, yea a?aee?eaa? iiaeeeaino? aio/eiai ?aaaoaaiiy ia ci?ie o
???a?o?? iio?aa, ?ioa?an?a, oe?ii?nieo i???ioaoe?e ia?niiaeo o noa??
i?aoe?;

cai?iiiiiaaii aeeiai?/io iiaeaeue noeioethaaiiy aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo
ia iniia? eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe? c o?aooaaiiyi ?? SYMBOL 97 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 a – ? SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b – eiiiiiaio, ui
ni?yiiaaia ia aeinyaiaiiy iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaiai aoaeoo o?oaeiai?
ae?yeueiino?;

ia??oioiaaii iiaa iieiaeaiiy uiaei oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo ia iniia? ?icaeoeo ?aea? “oi?aae?inueeeo a?ao Aeaeea-Iooiia”:
aeiiii?/ii aoaeoeaiith noa? eeoa oa no?aoaa?y oi?aae?iiy, yea
??oioo?oueny ia ii?aeiaii? ?a?eaiaioaoe?? i?aoe? c aeoeaiith o?oaeiaith
iioeaaoe??th;

oaeineiiaeaii no?oeoo?o iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio, ?ic?iaeaii iaoeia?
iniiae eiai ooieoe?iioaaiiy oa ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei ?aaoethaaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? ? nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia?niiaeo.

I?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a iieyaa? a oiio, ui
canoinoaaiiy iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? a?aee?eaa?
iiaeeeaino? i?aeaeuaiiy ?acoeueoaoeaiino? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo
ia iniia? o?aooaaiiy no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eae aaieo oa iniaenoeo ?ioa?an?a
i?aoe?aiee?a, ?aae?caoe?? ? ?icaeoeo iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo
i?aoe?aiee?a, c?inoaiiy eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino? aaieo, ui ni?ey?
i?enei?aiith ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe?? aaie?anueei? nenoaie ? iineeaiith
?? iiceoeaiiai aieeao ia ?icaeoie aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie.

?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeooue aooe canoiniaai? ye o aaieao, oae ?
a i?aai?caoe?yo oa ia i?aei?e?inoaao ?ioeo aaeocae aeiiii?ee, ui
aeicaieeoue i?aeaeueoe ia??oioiaai?noue oi?aae?inueeeo ??oaiue o noa??
i?aoe?, iineeeoe nioe?aeueio ni?yiiaai?noue aeiiii?/ii? iie?oeee ia
caaeiaieaiiy aaaeeeaeo iio?aa oa ?ioa?an?a ethaeeie.

I?aeoaa?aeaeaiiyi i?aeoe/iiai cia/aiiy io?eiaieo ?acoeueoao?a ?
cai?iaaaeaeaiiy iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie oa i?aeoe/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei
?aaoethaaiiy noaio iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?aiee?a, ioe?iee o?oaeiai?
ae?yeueiino? ia?niiaeo o E??iaia?aaenuee?e iaeani?e aee?aeoe??
Oe?nioeaaieo (Iinoaiiaa ?aaee aaieo a?ae 29.06.99).

Io?eiai? ?acoeueoaoe aeei?enoai? o ?iaio? oi?aae?iiy i?aoe? oa
caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy E??iaia?aaenueei? iaeanii? aea?aeaaii?
aaei?i?no?aoe?? oa ?aeiiaiaeiaai? aeey ai?iaaaeaeaiiy o ?iaioo c
ia?niiaeii ia i?aei?e?inoaao, o iiainoai?aieo ?eieiaeo no?oeoo?ao
iaeano? (Iinoaiiaa Eieaa?? oi?aae?iiy i?aoe? oa caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy
E??iaia?aaenueei? iaeanii? aaei?i?no?aoe?? a?ae 24.12.98., i?ioieie ?
14).

Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy aeei?enoiaothoueny o
iaa/aeueiiio i?ioean? E??iaia?aaenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai
oi?aa?neoaoo aeey i?aeaioiaee nooaeaio?a aeiiii?/ieo niaoe?aeueiinoae
i?e aeeeaaeaii? iaa/aeueieo aeenoeeie?i: “Oi?aae?iiy o?oaeiaeie
?ano?naie”, “Iniiae iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?”, “Iaiaaeaeiaio ia?niiaeo”.

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a. Aeena?oaio naiino?eii aeeiiaa eiiieaenia
aeine?aeaeaiiy i?iaeaie i?aeaeuaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?
aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, cie?aia, c?iaea aianie o ?ic?iaeo:

oai?aoeei-iaoiaeieia?/ieo oa eiioeaiooaeueieo iieiaeaiue uiaei no?aoaa??
oi?aae?iiy aaie?anueeei ia?niiaeii c iiceoe?? aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe??
i?aoe?;

iaoiaee/ieo i?aeoiae?a aei ioe?iee aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii?
aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?;

iiaeae? iaoai?cio ?aaoethaaiiy iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? o eiia?oe?eiiio aaieo;

iaoiaee/ieo ?aeiiaiaeaoe?e uiaei eiiieaenii? ioe?iee oa noeioethaaiiy
i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo a oiiaao ?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??. Iniiai? oai?aoe/i? oa i?aeoe/i?
iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy iaaiai?thaaeeny ia V-?e
i?aeia?iaei?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Oi?aae?iiy
i?aai?caoe??th: ae?aaiinoeea, no?aoaa?y, aoaeoeai?noue” (i.
O?oneaaaoeue, 1999?.), iaoeiai-i?aeoe/iiio nai?ia?? “I?ia-eaie oa
ia?niaeoeae ?icaeoeo o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo” (i. Oiaeueieoeueeee,
1999?.), ia can?aeaiiyo eaoaae?e aeiiii?ee i?aoe? oa iaiaaeaeiaioo,
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/ieo eiioa?aioe?yo aeeeaaea/?a oa ani??aio?a
E??iaia?aaenueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo (1997-1999 ??.),
can?aeaiiyo eieaa?? oi?aae?iiy i?aoe? oa caeiyoino? E??iaia?aaenueei?
iaeanii? aea?aeaaii? aaei?i?no?aoe?? (1998 ?.), can?aeaiiyo ?aaee aaieo
E??iaia?aaenueei? iaeanii? aee?aeoe?? Oe?nioeaaieo (1997 -1999 ?iee).

Ioae?eaoe??. Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
iioae?eiaaii a aeiiii?/ieo aeo?iaeao oa iaoeiaeo ca??ieeao 9 iaoeiaeo
i?aoeue caaaeueiei ianyaii 3,1 ae?oe. a?e., c yeeo niaenoi aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue 5 ioae?eaoe?e o oaoiaeo aeaeaiiyo ( 2,3 ae?oe. a?e.).

No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe. No?oeoo?ii aeena?oaoe?y
neea-aea?oueny c anooio, o?ueio ?icae?e?a, aeniiae?a, nieneo
aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae (123 iaeiaioaaiiy), naie aeiaeaoe?a. Ianya ?iaioe
– 140 noi??iie. Ianya nieneo aeei?enoaieo aeaea?ae – 10 noi??iie,
aeiaeaoe?a – 42 noi??iee. ?ethno?aoeaiee iaoa??ae aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe
aeeeaaeaii o oi?i? 35 oaaeeoeue oa 35 ?enoie?a, ui a?aeiia?aea? ianyao
18 noi??iie.

INIIAIEE CI?NO AeENA?OAOe??

O ia?oiio ?icae?e? (“Oai?aoe/i? iniiae iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? a oi?aae?ii?
ia?niiaeii eiia?oe?eiiai aaieo”) ia i?aenoaa? aiae?co a?o/eciyieo oa
ca?oa?aeieo e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaea?ae ie?aneaii ci?no oa iniaeeaino? i?aoe?
aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo a oiiaao ?eieiaeo ia?aoai?aiue, i?iaaaeaii
nenoaiaoecaoe?th ?icaeoeo iaoeiai? aeoiee i?i iioeaaoe?th i?aoe? oa ??
aoaeoeai?noue, aecia/aii no/ani? oaiaeaioe?? oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath o
aaieao, ia??oioiaaii eiioeaiooaeuei? i?aeoiaee aei caaacia/aiiy
aoaeoeaii? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??, aecia/aii i?noea iioeaaoe?eiiai
iaoai?cio o iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy aaieii.

Ia aoai? ?eieiai? o?ainoi?iaoe?? aeiiii?ee aeeoo?ai aaaeeeaei aeey
aaie?anueei? nenoaie ? iiooe oeyo?a aeoea?caoe?? i?aoe? ia?niiaeo, ye? a
caaacia/eee o?iainiao noaa?e?caoe?th oa c?inoaiiy
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?. O no/anieo oiiaao oey i?iaeaia caaino?th?oueny:
ca aeaieie IAO eeoa eiaeai o?ao?e eiia?oe?eiee aaie i?aoeth? noaa?eueii,
a ?aeoeia iaa?oue i?ia?aeieo aaie?a ia aeinyaa? aaniethoii? iaae?eiino?.

?eieiaa o?ainoi?iaoe?y aaie?anueei? nenoaie iaoiiaeea ia’?eoeai? ci?ie o
ci?no? i?aoe?, o?oaeiaeo a?aeiineiao, aeei?enoaii? o?oaeiaiai
iioaioe?aeo. Aoaeoeai?noue aaie?anueei? ae?yeueiino? noa? caeaaeiith
ia?aaaaeii a?ae aeoea?caoe?? ethaenueeiai oaeoi?o. Aeoeaioe oi?aae?iiy
i?aoeath cina?aaeeeeny ia i?aeaeuaii? aeiia aei aoaeoeaiino? i?aoe?,
oneeaaeiaii? ?? ci?noo (?en.1). Aiaeii/an, ?nioaaiiy aei?noei?
?a?eaiaioaoe?? aaie?anueei? i?aoe? o oi?i? ?ino?oeoe?e, ii?iaoea?a oiui
o no/anieo neeaaeieo oiiaao ia?aaeaa/a? i?iya ?i?oe?aoeae, oai?/ino?,
?eieiaiai ieneaiiy. Oae? ?ene iio?aaothoue iaeneiaeueii? o?oaeiai?
a?aeaea/? i?aoethth/eo, ?aae?caoe?? on?o iioaioe?eieo iiaeeeainoae ?
cae?aiinoae ia?niiaeo, i?aeaeuothoue aeiiae aei eaae?o?eaoe??,
?ioaeaeooaeueiiai ?icaeoeo, aio/eino? e iia?aoeaiino? a ?iaio?.

Aiae?c no/anieo iniaeeainoae i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo i?aea?a aei
iaiao?aeiino? ?icaeoeo iaoeiaiai iieiaeaiiy uiaei aeie?aieaiiy o i?aoe?
aeaio ?? eiiiiiaio – i?aoe? ?a?eaiaioiaaii? ( SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s
14 a -i?aoe?) e i?aoe? oai?/i? ( SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe?)
oa aenoiaiiy a?iioace noiniaii ?nioaaiiy ?noioieo a?aei?iiinoae o
iaoiaeao ioe?iee oa noeioethaaiiy SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – ?
SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe?, ?ie? oeeo eiiiiiaio o aeinyaiaii?
no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eae aaieo, i?aeaeuaii? eiai i?eaooeiaino?. Oaeee
i?aeo?ae noaa ia?aaeoiiaith ?ic?iaeaiiy iiai? no?aoaa?? oi?aae?iiy
ia?niiaeii c iiceoe?? aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?.

A aeena?oaoe?? iaaieioaii ia iaiao?aeiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??
ia?niiaeo ye ia?niaeoeaiiai iai?yieo ea?iaaiiai aieeao ia
?acoeueoaoeai?noue i?aoe? oa ana-a?/io ?aae?caoe?th o?oaeiaiai
iioaioe?aeo a oiiaao ?eieiaiai ainiiaea?thaaiiy.

I?iaaaeaii aiae?c oa ocaaaeueiaiiy ?icaeoeo iaoeiaeo oyaeaiue noiniaii
aoaeoeaii? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?, ia iniia? yeiai c’yniaaii:

I?AOess

AAIE?ANUeEIAI IA?NIIAEO

INIAEEAINO? A NO*ANIEO OIIAAO

?ioaineai?noue i?aoe?

?ioi?iaoe?eia, ?ioaeaeooaeueia iane/ai?noue

aocueea niaoe?ae?caoe?y ia?niiaeo a oiiaao iioe?aiiy ??ciii?io?eueieo
iineoa

a?aeiia?aeaeuei?noue, aeniea aeeiiaa/a aeenoeeie?ia

iio?aao? aeniei? eiiiaoaioiino?, iino?eiiai i?aeaeuaiiy eaae?o?eaoe??

no?aniaee oa?aeoa? i?aoe?, ineoieia?/ia iai?oaeai?noue, i?enooi?noue
?ecee?a

i?aoey aeiaaa? i?iyao ?i?oe?aoeae, aiae?oe/iiai i?aeoiaeo

iaiao?aei?noue oaeaeei? aaeaioaoe?? aei i?ieeaeo ?eieiaeo oiia

aeiaaa? ai?iiy i?aoethaaoe c ethaeueie

ETHAeNUeEEE OAEOI?

(?ioa?ane i?aoe?aieea)

?ioa?ane aaieo

?ioa?ane noni?euenoaa

AEOEA?CAOe?ss ETHAeNUeEIAI OAEOI?O

AEIIII?*IA OA NIOe?AEUeIA ?ACOEUeOAOEAI?NOUe I?AOe? AAIE?ANUeEIAI
IA?NIIAEO

?en. 1. Iniaeeaino? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo

ii-ia?oa, canoinoaaiiy iioeaaoe?eieo oai??e a oi?aae?ii? i?aoeath
ia?niiaeo noaei aacaeueoa?iaoeaiei /eiieeii caaaeueii? aoaeoeaiino?
?iaioe aaie?a a aeiiii?/ii ?icaeiaieo e?a?iao;

ii-ae?oaa, a?aei?iiith ?enith ca?oa?aeii? i?aeoeee o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??
noaea “nioe?ae?caoe?y”, oiaoi i???ioaoe?y ia caaeiaieaiiy aeooaeueieo
iio?aa ia?niiaeo, caeo/aiiy i?aoe?aiee?a aei o/ano? a oi?aae?ii?,
aeaniino?, i?eaooeao, iaaeaiiy oiia aeey ?icaeoeo iniaenoino? oa
?aae?caoe?? ciaiue, iioaioe?eieo cae?aiinoae;

ii-o?ao?, oe?ieiio canoinoaaiith ca?oa?aeiiai aeina?aeo iioeaaoe??
i?aoe? a Oe?a?i? ia?aoeiaeaea? eiai ni?yiiaai?noue ia nooi ?eieia?
a?aeiineie, ui aeiaaa? aaeaioaoe?? oaeiai aeina?aeo aei oiia ia?ao?aeii?
aeiiii?ee, eiiieaeniiai o?aooaaiiy i?ieeai? nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/ii?
neooaoe??, nai???aeiino? oe?a?inueei? o?oaeiai? na?aeiiino? oa
iaiao?aeiino? ?? ye?niiai iiiiaeaiiy;

ii-/aoaa?oa, oai?aoe/ii ? i?aeoe/ii iaeiaea/aieie oa aeeneon?eieie o
iaoeiaeo iiaeyaeao caeeoathoueny iiiyooy aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?,
iieacieee ?? ioe?iee oa ?aaoethaaiiy;

ii-i’yoa, iaoai?cie ?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??, ui i?iiiiothoueny
a ?nioth/eo a?o/eciyieo eiioeaioe?yo, i?aeoe/ii ia noinothoueny
ae?yeueiino? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo oa ia a?aoiaothoue aaaeeeai?
iniaeeaino? no/anii? aaie?anueei? i?aoe? – ni?a?nioaaiiy aeaio ??
eiiiiiaio – i?aoe? ?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa i?aoe? oai?/i?, iiaaoi?nueei?.

A i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy aecia/aii nooi?noue, iieacieee oa
niiniae aei??thaaiiy aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?. Aoaeoeai?noue
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? ia?niiaeo ?icaeyaea?oueny ye eiiieaenia oa?aeoa?enoeea
?acoeueoaoeaiino? iioeaaoe?eiiai i?ioeano, ni?yiiaaiiai ia anaa?/iee
?icaeoie oa ?aae?caoe?th o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo i?aoe?aiee?a,
aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo ? nioe?aeueieo oe?eae aaieo oa ia?niiaeo.
Iieacieee aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? a?aeia?aaeaii o oaaeeoe? 1.
?aaoethaaiiy aoaeoeaiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia?niiaeo a oiiaao
?eieiai? aeiiii?ee aaa/a?oueny iiaeeeaei eeoa oiae?, eiee i?aenenoaia
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? o?ainoi?io?oueny o no?oeoo?io neeaaeiao iiaeae?
oi?aae?iiy i?aai?caoe??th.

Oaaeeoey 1

Aoaeoeai?noue iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? ia?niiaeo

Iciaee

AOAEOEAI?NOUe O?OAeIAI? IIOEAAOe??

AAIE?ANUeEIAI IA?NIIAEO

Neeaaeia?

AEIIII?*IA AOAEOEAI?NOUe NIOe?AEUeIA AOAEOEAI?NOUe

Aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo oe?eae Aeinyaiaiiy nioe?aeueieo oe?eae

Nooi?noue

Caaacia/aiiy:

n iaeneiaeueii? neee iioeaaoe??,

n ?acoeueoaoeaiino? i?aoe?,

n i?eaooeiaino? aaieo. ?aae?caoe?y:

n o?oaeiaeo i/?eoaaiue,

n iio?aa,

n ?ioa?an?a i?aoe?aieea.

Iieacieee

Neea iioeaaoe?? (I)

?aioaaaeuei?noue i?aoe? (R) Caaeiaieai?noue i?aoeath a aaieo

Niin?a

aei??thaaiiy

Iioeaaoe?eiee iii?oi?eia,

aeiiii?/i? ?ic?aooiee

Aena?oeaii eiioeaiooaeueia aa/aiiy nenoaie oi?aae?iiy aaie?anueeei
ia?niiaeii c aeaiaioaie caeo/aiiy iaoai?cio iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?. Oaeee
iaoai?ci ia? caaacia/oaaoe:

iaaeeaeaiiy ?ioa?an?a aaieo aei ?ioa?an?a eiai ia?niiaeo ? iaaiaee;

ia’?eoeaio oa anaa?/io ioe?ieo ethaenueeeo iiaeeeainoae, noai?aiiy
iaiao?aeieo oiia aeey ?icaeoeo ? ?aae?caoe?? o?oaeiaiai iioaioe?aeo
ia?niiaeo, nenoaie aio/ei? aaeaioaoe?? i?aoe?aiee?a aei ?eieiaeo oiia;

o?niee ca’ycie oi?i noeioethaaiiy c? neeaaei?noth oa ?acoeueoaoeai?noth
i?aoe?.

I?eeiyoi? iaoiaee aoaeoeaii? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? iathoue ii?aeioaaoe
iaoo i?aoe?aieea c? no?aoaa?/iith iaoith i?aai?caoe??. Iiaeaeue
oi?aae?iiy aaieii c i?ae-nenoaiith iioeaaoe?? no?oeoo?ii ia?aaeaa/a?
aeaa oe?eueiaeo “aoiaee” – “iaoa i?aai?caoe??” oa “iaoa iniaenoino?”. A
i?ioean? ooieoe?iioaaiiy nenoaie a?aeaoaa?oueny ni?anoaaeaiiy “iaoe
iniaenoino?” c o?oaeiaeie coneeeyie, ?acoeueoaoaie i?aoe? oa ae?th/eie
iioeaaie ? noeioeaie (iioeaaoi?aie), ui aeeeeea? a?aeiia?aei? ci?ie o
o?oaeia?e iiaaae?ioe? ia?niiaeo; iaeii/anii ?aea ii??aiyiiy noaiaith
?aae?caoe?? no?aoaa?/ii? iaoe c ?acoeueoaoaie ae?yeueiino? ia?niiaeo,
ui, a naith /a?ao, aeeeeea? ei?aaoaaiiy ??oaiue o i?aenenoaiao
iioeaaoe?? oa ea?oaaiiy. Na?aae nenoaiieo ca’yce?a, oaeei /eiii,
aeae?eythoueny aeaa eiioo?e – “eiioo? naii?aaoethaaiiy” oa “eiioo?
iioeaaoe??”.

A ?acoeueoao? ye?niiai aiae?co ie?aneaii? iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy c aeaiia
eiioo?aie ia iiaeaeueiiio ??ai? c’yniaaii (oea oioneaee c iieth ci?o
?io? iaoeiaoe?): oi?iaeueia noaia o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? (yeith a
i?eaaaeeaith aiia ia aoea) ia iiaea i?eeiaoeny aei ?aae?caoe??
aacoiiaii; nenoaia oi?aae?iiy ia caaaeaee caaeiaieueiy? oiia? no?eeino?,
ui iaoiiaeth? iaiao?aei?noue ocaiaeaeoaaoe iioeaaoe?th i?aoe? a aaieo c
iio?aaaie ia?niiaeo ?, iaeii/anii, ia?niiaeo ocaiaeaeoaaoe o?oaeiao
iiaaae?ieo c iaoith i?aai?caoe??, aeiiaaie aei i?aoe?. Aeoiaey/e c
oeueiai, i?aeoaa?aeaeaii, ui ne?ia eii?thaaiiy ca?oa?aeiiai aeina?aeo
oi?aae?iiy ia?niiaeii aac o?aooaaiiy ?aae?e ia??iaeo ?eieiaeo
ia?aoai?aiue oa iniaeeainoae oe?a?inueei? o?oaeiai? iaioaeueiino? iiaea
ia o?eueee ia i?eianoe aaaeaiiai aoaeoo, a iaa?oue aooe oe?aeeeaei.
Oi?ioaaiiy iiaiai iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio, aaeaeaaoiiai no/aniei
oiiaai, ia? aacoaaoenue ia aea/aii? o?oaeiai? iiaaae?iee ia?niiaeo,
ioe?ioe? aoaeoeaiino? ?nioth/eo iaoiae?a niiioeaiiy aei i?aoe?.

O ae?oaiio ?icae?e? aeena?oaoe?? ( “Nenoaiiee aiae?c neeaaeiaeo
aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? o
eiia?oe?eiiio aaieo”) a?aeia?aaeaii ?acoeueoaoe iioeaaoe?eiiai
iii?oi?eiao, ae?aaiinoeee oiia i?aoe? oa i?aoeacaeaoiino? aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo o iaaeao ae?th/i? nenoaie o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??, i?iaiae?ciaaii
iioeaaoe?eio ?ieue noeioethaaiiy ia?niiaeo, eiai ca’yceo ?c neeaaei?noth
oa ?acoeueoaoeai?noth aaie?anueei? i?aoe?, iaaaaeaii ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiiy noaiaith aeei?enoaiiy iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo
i?aoe?aiee?a.

?acoeueoaoe iioeaaoe?eiiai iii?oi?eiao (ioiieaii iiiaae 800
?aniiiaeaio?a iaeanieo aee?aeoe?e oa o?e?e Oe?nioeaaieo (o i?noao
E??iaia?aae, Iaeana, Ee?a, Eoaainuee, *a?eane), I?ii?iaanoaaieo, AEA
“Oe?a?ia”, OEA “Oe?aen?iaaie” (i.E??iaia?aae), E??iaia?aaenueei? OEA
“Eiyaeee” oa i’yoe i?aei?e?inoa i.E??iaia?aaeo) aeiaaee, ui 82% iieoaieo
i?aoe?aiee?a o eiia?oe?eieo aaieao a?ae/oaathoue iayai?noue no?eeiai
?ioa?ano aei nai?? i?aoe? a aaieo, yea ei?aeth? c oyaeaiiyie a?eueoino?
?aniiiaeaio?a i?i ei?eni?noue oa iaiao?aei?noue nai?? i?aoe? aeey aaieo
oa eiai ee??io?a. Caoaaaeeii, ui ia aeine?aeaeoaaieo i?eaaoieo oa
aeoe?iia?ieo i?aei?e?inoaao, ia a?aei?io a?ae aaie?a, ?ioa?an aei i?aoe?
ii ianeao iieoaieo iii?oii ieae/a (eeoa eiaeai ae?oaee ?aniiiaeaio
i?aeoaa?aeea iayai?noue oaeiai ?ioa?ano ia i?aei?e?inoaao.).

Na?aae /eiiee?a, ui oo?eiothoue ?aniiiaeaio?a naia ia ?iaio? a aaieo,
ia?oi/a?aiaiai cia/aiiy iaaoee oae? o?oaeia? oe?iiino?:

oe?eaaa ?iaioa, ci?noiai?noue i?aoe? (ia? cia/aiiy aeey 64%
?aniiiaeaio?a);

iaaeniea, aea aa?aioiaaia iieaoa i?aoe? (a?aei?oeee 54% iieoaieo);

iiaeeea?noue i?iyao ?i?oe?aoeae, naiino?eiino?, oai?/iai ieneaiiy
(aaa/a?oueny oe?ii?noth aeey 29% ?aniiiaeaio?a).

A?aei?/aii ona?aeiieaio i???ioaoe?th ia?aaaaeii? a?eueoino? aaie?anueeeo
i?aoe?aiee?a (86%) ia i?aeaeuaiiy eaae?o?eaoe??, ?icaeoie
eiieo?aioini?iiiaeiino?, i?e oiio, ui 84% na?aae ieo aaea iathoue aeuo
ina?oo. I?ioa ?aae?caoe?? oaeiai iai??o ia?aoeiaeaea? ianoa/a aeinoaoi?o
eioo?a o i?aoe?aiee?a oa oe?eani?yiiaaii? o?iainiai? i?aeo?eiee
aaie?anueei? onoaiiae.

Onoia?a/ iioe?aiei oyaeaiiyi i?i aenie? aeioiaee an?o, ooi i?aoeth? a
aaieo, iayai?noue oa oe?ii?noue oaeiai /eiieea aeey naaa i?aee?aneeee
eeoa 3 % aieaoiaaieo. Ia ni?aaeythoue nooo?aiai cia/aiiy ia caaeiaieaiiy
iio?aa i?aoe?aiee?a nioe?aeuei? i?eueae (/anoeiaa o?iainoaaiiy aaieii
e?eoaaiiy, icaei?iaeaiiy, a?aeii/eieo oa ?i.), ?ieue yeeo a?aei?oeee
eeoa 13% ?aniiiaeaio?a.

Iayai?noue aenieiai ??aiy o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? na?aae
aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, iaoiiaeaiiai iaea?aeaiiyi iaaaeeeiai, aea
noaa?eueiiai aeioiaeo, iiaea noaoe ia?aaeoiiaith aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ii?
oa nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??. Aiaeii/an, ye aeiaaee
?acoeueoaoe iii?oi?eiao, aeaeaei ia an? aaaeae? oa ?aca?ae aeey oeueiai
aeei?enoiaothoueny.

C’yniaaii iaaeineiiae?noue /eiiee?a (iioeaaoi??a), ye? oi?iothoue
o?oaeia? iioeae i?aoe?aiee?a, ui i?ecaiaeeoue aei ia?aae?ciaaiino? eiea
o?oaeiaeo i/?eoaaiue ia?niiaeo, iaaaoeaii aeeaa? ia ?icaeoie o?oaeiaiai
iioaioe?aeo, ?acoeueoaoe aaie?anueei? ae?yeueiino?. Ae?aaiinoeea oiia
o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? cana?ae/eea, ui a iaeanieo aee?aeoe?yo oa o?e?yo
aaie?a ? oa?aeoa?iith iino?eia o?oaeiaa ia?aaaioaaeai?noue a?eueoino?
ia?niiaeo ca ianyaii, ci?noii, o?eaae?noth i?aoe?. I?aoey iaaoea
?ioaineaiiai oa?aeoa?o (?en.2), aea o ia?niaeoea? iiaea noaoe
iaeii?iaeoeoeaiith: ?iai/a neea a?eueoino? i?aoe?aiee?a o aaieao ia?
oaeaeei ciiooaaoeny, ine?eueee ?aaeei oa oiiae i?aoe? ia ni?eythoue ??
ii?iaeueiiio a?aeoai?aiith oa ?icaeoeo.

A oiiaao c?inoaiiy iai?oaeaiino? i?aoe? ioe?iea o?oaeiai? a?aeaea/? a
aaieo, ca noaa?aeaeaiiyi iiiaae 2/3 iieoaieo, ? ia aaeaeaaoiith. Iaeaea
eiaeai /aoaa?oee caa?oa? oaaao ia oa, ui eiai o?oaeiaa aeoeai?noue ia
caioi/o?oueny i? ii?aeueii, i? iaoa??aeueii, eiaeai i’yoee noaa?aeaeo?,
ui iaoa??aeueia aeiaai?iaea ia a?aeiia?aea? ?aaeueiiio o?oaeiaiio aianeo
i?aoe?aieea o o?iainia? ?acoeueoaoe ?iaioe aaieo, ia a?aoiao? no?aniaiai
oa?aeoa?o ?iaioe, a?aeiia?aeaeueiino?, iaiao?aeiino? naii-ina?oe,
?icaeoeo eaae?o?eaoe??; 95% iieoaieo aeio?eiothoueny aeoiee, ui ?o
aeioiae a aaieo ? iani?aaaaeeeaei ii a?aeiioaiith aei aa?oino? aeeooy a
e?a?i?.

I?ioa iecueea ye?noue o?oaeiaiai aeeooy oa a?aenooi?noue o?oaeiaiai
aeai?o ia ?eieo i?aoe? a oiiaao iecueei? oe?ie ?iai/i? neee i?eiooothoue
i?aoe?aiee?a i?enoiniaoaaoeny aei cai?iiiiiaaieo oiia o?oaeiai?
ae?yeueiino?.

?en.2. ?iciiae?e naiiioe?iie o?oaeiaeo coneeue i?aoe?aiee?a
eiia?oe?eieo aaie?a

(o % aei /enaeueiino? iieoaieo)

Ca ?acoeueoaoaie aiae?co aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo anoaiiaeaii
oi?iae?ciaaiee ca‘ycie i?ae iieacieeaie i?aoeacaeaoiino? ia?niiaeo oa
oiiaaie, ianyaii, o?eaae?noth i?aoe? a aaieo; aia?oa aeyaeaii
a?aei?iiino? aeeiai?ee noiieaiiy i?aoe?aiee?a o iaaeao ?a?eaiaioiaaii? e
oai?/i? i?aoe?, ui i?aee?aneth? iaiao?aei?noue iiaeaeueoi? aoiai?caoe??
o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? c aeie?aieaiiyi i?aoe? ?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa i?aoe?,
ui i?noeoue aeaiaioe oai?/ino?.

A i?ioean? i?iaaaeaiiy aenia?eiaioo aeyaeaii oa ia iiaeaeueiiio ??ai?
ia??oioiaaii, ui ia ?aioaaaeuei?noue i?aoe? ia?niiaeo a cia/i?e i???
aieeaa? ni?a-a?aeiioaiiy i?ae noeioethaaiiyi ?? neeaaeiaeo eiiiiiaio –
i?aoe? ?a?eaiaioiaaii? ( SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a -i?aoe?) oa
i?aoe? oai?/i? ( SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe?). Ia
i?eieaeoth/e cia/ou?noue noeioethaaiiy ?a?eaiaioiaaii? i?aoe?,
aeoeaioiaaii oaaao ia oiio, ui noeioethaaiiy naia oai?/i? i?aoe? ia?
ae??oaeueiee aieea ia iiaeaeueoa c?inoaiiy aeiiii?/ii? aoaeoeaiino?
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?.

?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy aeiaaaeaii, ui noai?iue aeei?enoaiiy
iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo i?aoe?aieea iaoiiaeth?oueny a?aeiia?aei?noth
no?oeoo?e eiai aeooaeueieo iio?aa oei iioeaaoi?ai, ui i?iiiiothoueny, a
oei iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo i?aoe?aieea aecia/a? neeo oa
ni?yiiaai?noue eiai o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??.

Iacaaaeath/e ia iayai?noue aeniei? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia?niiaeo aaie?a
(ia a?aei?io a?ae ?? ??aiy o a?eueoino? aeine?aeaeaieo i?aei?e?inoa),
iioeaaoe?eiee iii?oi?eia oa ae?aaiinoeea oiia i?aoe? ? oi?i
noeioethaaiiy o eiia?oe?eieo aaieao ia cana?ae/eee aeinyaiaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?. A
eiia?oe?eieo aaieao Oe?a?ie nueiaiaei? cina?aaeaeaia ia?aaaaeii
eaae?o?eiaaia ?iai/a neea, yea ia? cia/iee iioeaaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae, aea
a?i ia aeei?enoiao?oueny o iiai?e i??? o o?oaeiaiio i?ioean?.
A?aenooi?noue iaoeiai ia??oioiaaii? no?aoaa?? oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath,
canoinoaaiiy iaiaaeaieo iaoiae?a o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia?niiaeo aaeueio?
eiai ?icaeoie, ia ni?ey? c?inoaiith nioe?aeueii? oa aeiiii?/ii?
aoaeoeaiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??. Ea??aieoeoaii oe?a?inueeeo aaie?a
iiee ui ia a?aoiaothoueny ia’?eoeai? ci?ie o ci?no? oa neeaaeiino?
i?aoe? aaie?anueeeo i?aoe?aiee?a, a naia – ni?a?nioaaiiy eiiiiiaio
?a?eaiaioiaaii? e oai?/i? i?aoe?, c?inoaiiy iai?oaeaiino? oa neeaaeiino?
o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino? o iiaeo oiiaao.

O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? aeena?oaoe?? (“?aaoethaaiiy aoaeoeaiino?
iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo”) cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaee/i?
?aeiiaiaeaoe?? uiaei aei??o aieeao aeii?ioth/eo iioeaaoi??a ia neeo oa
ni?yiiaai?noue iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?, i?iaaaeaiiy eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe?
aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, ia??oioiaaii iaoai?ci ?aaoethaaiiy iioeaaoe??
i?aoe? o no?aoaa?? oi?aae?iiy aaie?anueeei ia?niiaeii.

Aeo?aeiei iieiaeaiiyi ?icae?eo ? ianooiia aaoi?nueea iiceoe?y:

aoaeoeai?noue o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia? aeinyaaoeny caaaeyee ?aaoethth/ei
ooieoe?yi iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio ye iaa?ae’?iii? neeaaeiai? nenoaie
oi?aae?iiy eiia?oe?eiei aaieii;

iioeaaoe?eiee iaoai?ci ia? i???iooaaoenue ia aio/ea o?aooaaiiy aeeiai?ee
iio?aa oa ?ioa?an?a ia?niiaeo ? oi?ioaaiiy aaeaeaaoieo iioeaaoi??a,
o?niee ca’ycie ioe?iee i?aoe? ia?niiaeo c i?iyaeaiith ae?eiaith
aeoeai?noth, o?oaeiaei aianeii o ?acoeueoaoe aaie?anueei? ae?yeueiino?;

?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia? a?aeaoaaoeny o iai?yi?
aeooae?caoe?? iio?aa eiaeiiai ie?aiiai i?aoe?aieea c
?iaeea?aeoae?caoe??th ioe?iie ?acoeueoao?a o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?
ia?niiaeo.

Aeoiaey/e c ie?aneaiiai iieiaeaiiy, cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo aeyao
aeii?ioth/eo iioeaaoi??a oa aei??o ?oiueiai aieeao ia neeo iioeaaoe?? ?
?acoeueoaoeai?noue i?aoe?.

Ia iniia? o?aooaaiiy o neeaae? aaie?anueei? i?aoe? aeaio aeacaieo
eiiiiiaio ?ic?iaeaii oaeiae iaoiaeeeo eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe?,
i???ioiaaio ia caaacia/aiiy iaeneiaeueii iiaeeeaiai aoaeoo o?oaeiai?
ae?yeueiino? (?en.3).

Cai?iiiiiaaia iaoiaeeea i?noeoue aeeiai?/io iiaeaeue noeioethaaiiy
i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, yea aeicaiey? ?iciiae?eyoe aeioiae i?ae
i?aoe?aieeaie c o?aooaaiiyi iayaiino? SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – ?
SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -eiiiiiaio i?aoe?:

Dk = ? SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * Ei.i. k SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * ( SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a k +R SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b k) / ( SYMBOL 229 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 a Ei.i. k SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * SYMBOL 97 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 a k SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * Nk+R SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * SYMBOL 229 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a Ei.i. k SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b k SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * Nk ),

aea Dk – aeioiae aaie?anueeiai i?aoe?aieea iaaii? eaoaai???, ?iaeaenii k
iicia/aia eaoaai??y i?aoe?aiee?a aaieo, ye? aeeiiothoue ?iaioo
iaeiaeiaiai ??aiy neeaaeiino? (aeiiii?noe iaaii? eaoaai??? aai eane?e,
iia?aoi?e ? o.ae.), ? – /anoea i?eaooeo aaiea, yea eaea ia
niiaeeaaiiy, Ei.i. – eiiieaenia ioe?iea ?acoeueoaoeaiino? i?aoe?
eiie?aoiiai i?aoe?aieea, SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – /anoea
?a?eaiaioiaaii? i?aoe? (0 SYMBOL 163 \f “Symbol” \s 14 F SYMBOL 97
\f “Symbol” \s 14 a SYMBOL 163 \f “Symbol” \s 14 F 1 ), SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 b – /anoea i?aoe? c aeaiaioaie oai?/ino? ( SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 b =1- SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a ), N – e?euee?noue
i?aoe?aiee?a, R – eiao?oe??io i?iii?oe?eiino?, yeei aecia/a?oueny
caeaaei?noue i?ae neeaaeiaeie aeioiaeo i?aoe?aieea, ui a?aeiia?aeathoue
?a?eaiaioiaai?e i?aoe? oa i?aoe? c aeaiaioaie oai?/ino?. Oeyoe
canoinoaaiiy cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee aaaaoiaa??aioi? – iiaoaeiaa
aio/eiai oa?eoo, aacoa?eoia nenoaia iieaoe i?aoe?, i?ai?thaaiiy
ia?niiaeo oiui.

IOe?IEA I?AOe? AAIE?ANUeEIAI IA?NIIAEO

AIOO??OIss IOe?IEA

CIAI?OIss IOe?IEA

IIOEAAOe?EIEE III?OI?EIA

EIIIEAENIA IOe?IEA AAIE?ANUeEIAI IA?NIIAEO (o aaeao)

Ioe?iea i?ioan?eii-eaae?o?eaoe?eiiai ??aiy

Ioe?iea

ae?eiaeo

yeinoae

Ioe?iea neeaaeiino?

i?aoe?

Ioe?iea ?acoeueoao?a i?aoe?

Ioe?iea i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo

?c a?aooaaiiyi SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 12 a – ? SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 12 b -eiiiiiaio i?aoe?

AeEIAI?*IA IIAeAEUe NOEIOETHAAIIss AAIE?ANUeEI? I?AOe?

?en.3. No?oeoo?a eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo

Ia iniia? ?icaeoeo ?aea? “oi?aae?inueeeo a?ao Aeaeea-Iooiia”
ia??oioiaaii, ui aeiiii?/ii aoaeoeaiith noa? eeoa oa no?aoaa?y
oi?aae?iiy ia?niiaeii, yea ii?aeio? ?a?eaiaioaoe?th i?aoe? c aeoeaiith
o?oaeiaith iioeaaoe??th ia?niiaeo. Aeiaaaeaii, ui i???ioaoe?y a
oi?aae?ii? i?aoeath eeoa ia i?eionia?noue aea? oaea?/? ieae/?
?acoeueoaoe, i?ae no?aoaa?y eiiieaeniiai o?aooaaiiy ?ioa?an?a
i?aoe?aiee?a ? aaieo a oe?eiio.

AENIIAEE

Aena?oeaia o aeena?oaoe?? iieiaeaiiy uiaei a?aeianaiiy i?aoe?
aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo aei i?aoe? i?iaeoeoeaii? ? oaei?, ui ia?aaeaa/a?
iaooeeueia i?aeaeuaiiy ??aiy ?ioaeaeooae?caoe??, aecia/a? i?iaeaiaoeeo
o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ye ia?niaeoeaiee iai?yiie ea?iaaiiai aieeao ia
?acoeueoaoeai?noue i?aoe? nueiaiaei? (i?e ia?aoiae? aeiiii?ee Oe?a?ie
aei ?eieo) oa ia iaeaooi?.

A?aooaaiiy ia’?eoeaieo ci?i o ci?no? i?aoe? a oiiaao o?ainoi?iaoe?eieo
i?ioean?a a aeiiii?oe? oa aecia/aiiy no/anieo iniaeeainoae, i?eoaiaiieo
i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo (ni?a?nioaaiiy aeaio neeaaeiaeo – SYMBOL
97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a -i?aoe? (i?aoe? ?a?eaiaioiaaii?) oa SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 b -i?aoe? (i?aoe? c aeaiaioaie oai?/ino?)),
iaoiiaeththoue iaiao?aei?noue noeioethaaiiy i?aoe? ia caaaeii, a c
o?aooaaiiyi eiaeii? ie?aii? neeaaeiai? aeey aeinyaiaiiy iaeneiaeueii
iiaeeeaeo ?acoeueoao?a o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?.

Aeeiiaia aeine?aeaeaiiy nenoaie oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo c o?aooaaiiyi aeaio nenoaiieo oe?eueiaeo “aoiae?a” (/a?ac
iaeei “ao?ae” aiinyoueny ei?aeoeae o ae?yeuei?noue ia?niiaeo, /a?ac
ae?oaee – ei?aaothoueny ??oaiiy, ye? i?eeiathoueny i?aenenoaiith
iioeaaoe?? oa i?aenenoaiaie, a?aeiia?aeaeueieie ca ?aae?caoe?th ooieoe?e
ea?oaaiiy) aeicaieeei onoaiiaeoe, ui iaiao?aeiith oiiaith caaacia/aiiy
no?eeino? nenoaie ea?oaaiiy ? ocaiaeaeaiiy iioeaaoe?? c iio?aaaie
ia?niiaeo oa, iaeii/anii, ocaiaeaeaiiy o?oaeiai? iiaaae?iee ia?niiaeo c
oe?eyie i?aai?caoe??, aeiiaaie aei i?aoe?; ca ?ioeo oiia nenoaia
oi?aae?iiy ? iano?eeith.

A ?acoeueoao? i?iaaaeaiiy iioeaaoe?eiiai iii?oi?eiao oa ae?aaiinoeee
oiia i?aoe? ? i?aoeacaeaoiino? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo cana?ae/aii
iayai?noue no?eeiai ?ioa?ano aei i?aoe?, iaoiiaeaiiai iiaeeea?noth
io?eioaaoe noaa?eueiee aeioiae, ui iiaea noaoe ia?aaeoiiaith aeinyaiaiiy
aeiiii?/ii? oa nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??; aiaeii/an
a?aei?/aia iayai?noue iaaaoeaieo /eiiee?a c oaiaeaioe??th iineeaiiy ?o
ae??, ui ia ni?ey? i?aeaeuaiith aoaeoeaiino? i?aoe? oa ?aae?caoe??
o?oaeiaeo i/?eoaaiue ia?niiaeo: iaaaeaeaaoi?noue iieaoe i?aoe? o?oaeiaei
coneeeyi, iaaeiioe?iea o?oaeiaiai aianeo, iecueeee ??aaiue iieaoe i?aoe?
ii??aiyii c aa?o?noth aeeooy, ia?aiaaaioaaeaiiy, no?aniaee oa?aeoa?
i?aoe? oiui.

Iaaeineiiae?noue ?nioth/eo iioeaaoe?eieo /eiiee?a iia’ycaia ye ?c
ciai?oi?-ie i?e/eiaie, ui ae?thoue ia iae?i??ai? (anaioiiethth/a
aeiiii?/ia e?eca, iecue-eee ??aaiue aeeooy, a?aenooi?noue o?oaeiaiai
aeai?o ia ?eieo i?aoe? ? o. ?i.), oae ? c oaeoi?aie i?e?i??aiy
(canoa??eeie iaoiaeaie aioo??oiueiaaie?anueei? ?iaioe c ia?niiaeii,
iaiaaeaieie iaoiaeaie o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??, o?iainiaeie iiaeeeainoyie).

Ae?aaiinoeea oiia i?aoe? oa oi?i noeioethaaiiy ia?niiaeo cana?ae/eea, ui
ae?th/e iioeaaoi?e ia a?aoiaothoue ia’?eoeai? ci?ie o ci?no? oa
neeaaeiino? i?aoe? aaie?anueeeo i?aoe?aiee?a, a naia, ni?a?nioaaiiy
eiiiiiaio ?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa oai?/i? i?aoe?; ?nioth/a no?aoaa?y
oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath a aaieao ia noeioeth? aeoeaia aeei?enoaiiy
iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo i?aoe?aiee?a oa eiai iiaeaeueoee ?icaeoie.

Anoaiiaeaiee o i?ioean? aeine?aeaeaiiy oi?iae?ciaaiee ca‘ycie i?ae
iieacieeaie i?aoeacaeaoiino? ia?niiaeo oa oiiaaie, ianyaii, o?eaae?noth
i?aoe? a aaieo, aeaco? ia a?aei?ii?noue aeeiai?ee noiieaiiy i?aoe?aiee?a
o iaaeao ?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa oai?/i? i?aoe?, /ei i?aee?aneth?oueny
iaiao?aei?noue iiaeaeueoi? aoiai?caoe?? i?aoe? c aeie?aieaiiyi i?aoe?
?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa i?aoe?, ui i?noeoue aeaiaioe oai?/ino?.

Ia iiaeaeueiiio ??ai? aia?oa ia??oioiaaii, ui aeinyaiaiiy aaaeaii?
?aioaaaeueiino? i?aoe? ia?niiaeo a cia/i?e i??? aecia/a?oueny
ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi noeioethaaiiy SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – oa
SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b – i?aoe?.

Aecia/aii, ui no?eaeiaaei iai?yiii no?aoaa?? oi?aae?iiy aaie?anueeei
ia?niiaeii ? caaacia/aiiy aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? – aeinyaiaiiy
oaei? neee o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? oa ?acoeueoaoeaiino? i?aoe?, yea
a?aeiia?aea? ?aae?caoe?? aeiiii?/ieo ? nioe?aeueieo oe?eae eiia?oe?eiiai
aaieo oa iniaenoeo oe?eae i?aoe?aiee?a.

A?aei?/aii, ui aoaeoeai?noue o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? ia? aeinyaaoeny
caaaeyee ?aaoethth/ei ooieoe?yi iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio, yeee iiaeiai
aooe iaa?ae’?iiith neeaaeiaith nenoaie oi?aae?iiy eiia?oe?eiei aaieii.
Noai?aiiy iioeaaoe?eiiai iaoai?cio ia?aaeaa/a? i???ioaoe?th ia aio/ea
o?aooaaiiy aeeiai?ee iio?aa oa ?ioa?an?a ia?niiaeo ? oi?ioaaiiy
aaeaeaaoieo iioeaaoi??a, o?niee ca’ycie ioe?iee i?aoe? ia?niiaeo c
i?iyaeaiith ae?eiaith aeoeai?noth, o?oaeiaei aianeii o ?acoeueoaoe
aaie?anueei? ae?yeueiino?.

Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo aeyao aeii?ioth/eo iioeaaoi??a oa aei??o
?o-iueiai aieeao ia neeo iioeaaoe?? ? ?acoeueoaoeai?noue i?aoe? c
aeie?aieaiiyi SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – ? SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 b -eiiiiiaio, yea a?aee?eaa? iiaeeeaino? aio/ei ?aaaoaaoe ia ci?ie
o ???a?o?? iio?aa, ?ioa?an?a, oe?ii?nieo i???ioaoe?e ia?niiaeo o noa??
i?aoe?.

Aeoiaey/e c iieiaeaiiy uiaei aieeao ia aeinyaiaiiy aeiiii?/ieo oe?eae
aaieo ni?aa?aeiioaiiy noeioethaaiiy SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – ?
SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -eiiiiiaio i?aoe?, cai?iiiiiaaii
canoinoaaiiy aeeiai?/ii? iiaeae? noeioethaaiiy i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo, yea aeicaiey? aeie?aiethaaoe noeioethaaiiy oai?/i? oa
?a?eaiaioiaaii? i?aoe? ia iniia? eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe? oa aeinyaaoe
iaeneiaeueiiai iiaeeeaiai aoaeoo o?oaeiai? ae?yeueiino?.

?icaeaath/e ?aeath “oi?aae?inueeeo a?ao Aeaeea-Iooiia”, aeiaaaeaii, ui
aeiiii?/ii aoaeoeaiith noa? eeoa oa no?aoaa?y oi?aae?iiy ia?niiaeii, yea
??oioo?oueny ia iaeii/aniiio ii?aeiaii? ?a?eaiaioaoe?? i?aoe? oa ??
aeoeaii? iioeaaoe??: ca ?acoeueoaoaie ioe?iee i???ioaoe?y eeoa ia
i?eionia?noue aea? oaea?/? ieae/? ?acoeueoaoe, i?ae no?aoaa?y
eiiieaeniiai a?aooaaiiy ?ioa?an?a i?aoe?aiee?a ? aaieo a oe?eiio.

NIENIE IIOAE?EIAAIEO I?AOeUe CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe??

Iaeaaeee I.A. Ioeaiea ninoiyiey iioeaaoeee o?oaea ia?niiaea a
eiiia?/aneii aaiea // Ia?niiae. – 1999. – ? 2. – n. 70-73.

Iaeaae?e I.A. I?iaeaie aoaeoeaii? o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? aaie?anueeiai
ia?niiaeo // Aeiiii?ea i?aoe?: Ca. iaoe. i?. – Oiaeueieoeueeee: IAI
“Aa?eea” OIA. – 1999. – n. 123-125.

Iaeaae?e I. No/ani? oaiaeaioe?? oi?aae?iiy i?aoeath a aaie?anuee?e noa??
// Aeaiia?ao?y, aeiiii?ea i?aoe? oa nioe?aeueia iie?oeea: Ca. iaoe. i?.
(Aei.7). – E??iaia?aae: EAeOO, 1999. – n. 55-59.

Iaeaae?e I.A. Iaoiaee o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo //
Aeiiii?ea i?aoe?: Ca. iaoe. i?. – Oiaeueieoeueeee: IAI “Aa?eea” OIA,
1999. –

n. 159-160.

Iaeaae?e I.A. I?aenenoaia o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe?? a iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy
aaieii // A?niee oaoiieia?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo Iiae?eey. 1999. – ? 5, /.
2. – n.123-125.

Iaeaaeee I.A., Naieeeia I.A. Iioeaaoeeiiiue iaoaieci: ooieoeeiie?iaaiea,
ea/anoaaiiue aiaeec // Nioe?aeueii-aeiiii?/i? ieoaiiy i?aoe?,
aeaiia?ao?? oa caeiyoino? ianaeaiiy: Ca. iaoe. noaoae. – E??iaia?aae:
E?NI, E??iaia?. iae-aea?aeaaei?i?no?aoe?y. – 1997. – n. 22-28 (aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue ia??oiooaaiiy no?oeoo?e oa ooieoe?e iaoai?cio o?oaeiai?
iioeaaoe??).

Iaeaae?e I.A., Naiee?ia I.A. Noeioethaaiiy ?a?eaiaioiaaii? e oai?/i?
i?aoe?: iioeaaoe?eiee aniaeo // Oe?a?ia: aniaeoe i?aoe?. – 1999. – ? 1.
– n. 20-23 (aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue oaeoi?iee aiae?c ci?noo oa iniaeeainoae
no/anii? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo, iaoiaee/i? i?aeoiaee aei
noeioethaaiiy i?aoe?).

Iaeaae?e I.A., Naiee?ia I.A. Iioeaaoe?y i?aoe? a nenoai? oi?aae?iiy
aaie?anueeei ia?niiaeii // Aeaiia?ao?y, aeiiii?ea i?aoe? oa nioe?aeueia
iie?oeea (Aei. 6). – E??iaia?aae: EAeOO, 1999. – n. 115-119
(aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue ia??oiooaaiiy iiaeae? oi?aae?iiy aaieii c
i?aenenoaiith iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?).

Iaeaae?e I.A., Naiee?ia I.A. Iioeaaoe?y i?aoe? a no/ani?e iiaeae?
oi?aae?iiy i?aai?caoe??th // Iaoa??aee V-i? i?aeia?. eiio. “Oi?aae?iiy
i?aai?caoe??th: ae?aaiinoeea, no?aoaa?y, aoaeoeai?noue”. –
Ee?a-O?oneaaaoeue: EIAO, IOO “EI?”, AeAeIO. – 1999. – n. 29-30 (aaoi?o
iaeaaeeoue aecia/aiiy oiia aeinyaiaiiy no?aoaa?/ieo oe?eae i?aai?caoe??
oa iaoiaee/ieo i?aeoiae?a aei noai?aiiy iaoai?cio aoaeoeaii? iioeaaoe??
i?aoe?).

Aiioaoe?y

Iaeaae?e I.A. Aoaeoeai?noue iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? aaie?anueeiai ia?niiaeo. –
?oeiien. Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
aeiiii?/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 08.09.01- Aeaiia?ao?y, aeiiii?ea
i?aoe?, nioe?aeueia aeiiii?ea ? iie?oeea. – ?aaea ii aea/aiith
i?iaeoeoeaieo nee Oe?a?ie IAI Oe?a?ie, Ee?a, 1999.

A aeena?oaoe?? i?iaiae?ciaaii ?icaeoie iaoeiai? aeoiee noiniaii
aoaeoeaii? iioeaaoe??, aeine?aeaeaii i?iaeaie aeiiii?/ii? oa
nioe?aeueii? aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe? o eiia?oe?eieo aaieao oeyoii
iioeaaoe?eiiai iii?oi?eiao, ae?aaiinoeee oiia i?aoe?, ?? neeaaeiino?,
?acoeueoaoeaiino?, oi?i noeioethaaiiy, iiaeeeainoae aeei?enoaiiy
iioeaaoe?eiiai iioaioe?aeo. Ia??oioiaaii, ui aeinyaiaiiy aaaeaii?
?aioaaaeueiino? i?aoe? o cia/i?e i??? caeaaeeoue a?ae ni?aa?aeiioaiiy o
noeioethaaii? ?a?eaiaioiaaii? oa oai?/i? i?aoe?. Cai?iiiiiaaii nenoaio
iieaciee?a aoaeoeaiino? iioeaaoe?? i?aoe?, ?ic?iaeaii iaoai?ci
?aaoethaaiiy o?oaeiai? iioeaaoe??, nenoaio eiiieaenii? ioe?iee i?aoe?
ia?niiaeo c o?aooaaiiyi ia’?eoeaieo ci?i o ci?no? i?aoe? a oiiaao ?eieo.

Eeth/ia? neiaa: i?aoey, iioeaaoe?y, aoaeoeai?noue, ioe?iea, no?aoaa?y,
oi?aae?iiy, iioeaaoe?eiee iioaioe?ae, iaoai?ci, ?aaoethaaiiy.

Aiiioaoeey

Iaeaaeee I.A. Yooaeoeaiinoue iioeaaoeee o?oaea aaieianeiai
ia?niiaea.-?oeiienue. Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie
eaiaeeaeaoa yeiiiie/aneeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 08.09.01 –
Aeaiia?aoey, yeiiiieea o?oaea, nioeeaeueiay yeiiiieea e iieeoeea – Niaao
ii eco/aieth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiuo nee Oe?aeiu IAI Oe?aeiu, Eeaa, 1999.

A aeenna?oaoeee ia iniiaa aiaeeca ioa/anoaaiiuo e ca?oaaaeiuo
eeoa?aoo?iuo enoi/ieeia ?ane?uoi niaea?aeaiea e iniaaiiinoe o?oaea
aaieianeiai ia?niiaea a oneiaeyo ?uii/iuo i?aia?aciaaiee, iieo/eei
?acaeoea iao/iia iieiaeaiea i auaeaeaiee a niaea?aeaiee aaieianeiai
o?oaea aeaoo eiiiiiaio ( SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a – e SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 b -) – o?oaea ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiiai e o?oaea n yeaiaioaie
oai?/anoaa, /oi noaei i?aaeiinueeie ?ac?aaioee iiaie no?aoaaee
oi?aaeaiey ia?niiaeii n iiceoeee yooaeoeaiinoe o?oaeiaie iioeaaoeee,
iniiaaiiie ia ioeaiea o?oaea n o/aoii iacaaiiuo eiiiiiaio. I?iaaaeaia
nenoaiaoecaoeey ?acaeoey iao/iie iunee i iioeaaoeee o?oaea e aa
yooaeoeaiinoe, ii?aaeaeaiu nia?aiaiiua oaiaeaioeee oi?aaeaiey o?oaeii a
aaieao, ianoi iioeaaoeeiiiiai iaoaiecia a iiaeaee oi?aaeaiey,
i?aaeeiaeaiu eiioeaiooaeueiua iniiau iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiie o?oaeiaie
iioeaaoeee aaieianeiai ia?niiaea. Yooaeoeaiinoue iioeaaoeee o?oaea
ia?niiaea ?anniao?eaaaony eae eiiieaeniay oa?aeoa?enoeea
?acoeueoaoeaiinoe iioeaaoeeiiiiai i?ioeanna, iai?aaeaiiiai ia
ananoi?iiiaa ?acaeoea e ?aaeecaoeeth o?oaeiaiai iioaioeeaea ?aaioieeia,
aeinoeaeaiea yeiiiie/aneeo e nioeeaeueiuo oeaeae aaiea e ia?niiaea.
Iieacaoaeyie yeiiiie/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe iioeaaoeee o?oaea i?aaeeiaeaii
n/eoaoue neeo iioeaaoeee e ?aioaaaeueiinoue o?oaea aaieianeiai
ia?niiaea, iieacaoaeai nioeeaeueiie yooaeoeaiinoe iioeaaoeee –
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue ia?niiaea o?oaeii a aaiea. A aeenna?oaoeee io?aaeaiu
?acoeueoaou iioeaaoeeiiiiai iiieoi?eiaa, i?iaaaeaiiiai n?aaee ia?niiaea
aaieia iyoe ?aaeiiia Oe?aeiu, aeeaaiinoeee oneiaee o?oaea e
o?oaeiniiniaiinoe aaieianeeo ?aaioieeia, i?iaiaeece?iaaia iioeaaoeeiiiay
?ieue noeioee?iaaiey ia?niiaea, aai naycue ni neiaeiinoueth e
?acoeueoaoeaiinoueth aaieianeiai o?oaea, eceiaeaiu ?acoeueoaou eco/aiey
noaiaie eniieueciaaiey iioeaaoeeiiiiai iioaioeeaea ?aaioieeia.
Onoaiiaeaii iaee/ea onoie/eaiai eioa?ana ia?niiaea e o?oaeo a aaiea,
iaoneiaeaiiia aiciiaeiinoueth iieo/aiey noaaeeueiiai aeioiaea. Auyaeaiu
oaeoi?u, io?eoeaoaeueii aeeythuea ia ?aaeecaoeeth o?oaeiauo iaeeaeaiee
ia?niiaea, aeinoeaeaiea yeiiiie/aneeo e nioeeaeueiuo oeaeae aaiea e aai
?aaioieeia: iaaaeaeaaoiinoue iieaou o?oaea e o?oaeiauo oneeee,
iaaeiioeaiea o?oaeiaiai aeeaaea, ieceee o?iaaiue iieaou o?oaea ii
n?aaiaieth n o?iaiai aeecie, aunieay eioaineaiinoue o?oaea, no?anniaue
oa?aeoa? o?oaea e ae?. Aeaenoaothuea iioeaaoi?u ia o/eouaatho
iauaeoeaiua eciaiaiey a niaea?aeaiee e neiaeiinoe o?oaea aaieianeeo
?aaioieeia a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie o?ainoi?iaoeee yeiiiieee. Onoaiiaeaia
oi?iaeeciaaiiay naycue iaaeaeo iieacaoaeyie o?oaeiniiniaiinoe e
oneiaeyie, iauaiii, i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoueth o?oaea, eioi?ay oeacuaaao ia
nouanoaaiiua ioee/ey aeeiaieee ooiieaiey ?aaioieeia a i?aaeaeao
?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiiai e oai?/aneiai o?oaea. Iainiiaaii, /oi aeinoeaeaiea
aeaeaoaeueiie ?aioaaaeueiinoe o?oaea a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a
i?aaeii?aaeaeyaony niioiioaieai a noeioee?iaaiee ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiiai e
oai?/aneiai o?oaea. Iieacaii, /oi yooaeoeaiinoue o?oaeiaie iioeaaoeee
aeieaeia iaania/eaaoueny aeaaiaea?y ?aaoee?othuei ooieoeeyi
iioeaaoeeiiiiai iaoaiecia, yaeythuaainy iaiouaieaiie ninoaaeythuae
nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey eiiia?/aneei aaieii. Nicaeaiea iioeaaoeeiiiiai
iaoaiecia i?aaeoniao?eaaao i?eaioaoeeth oi?aaeaiey ia aeeiaieeo
iio?aaiinoae ia?niiaea e oi?ie?iaaiea aaeaeaaoiuo iioeaaoi?ia, oanioth
naycue ioeaiee o?oaea n i?iyaeaiiie aeaeiaie aeoeaiinoueth, o?oaeiaui
aeeaaeii a ?acoeueoaou aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe. I?aaeeiaeaia iaoiaeeea
auyaeaiey aeiieie?othueo iioeaaoi?ia e ecia?aiey eo aeeyiey ia neeo
iioeaaoeee e ?acoeueoaoeaiinoue o?oaea n auaeaeaieai SYMBOL 97 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 a – e SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b -eiiiiiaio,
ioe?uaathuay aiciiaeiinoue aeaeiai ?aaae?iaaiey ia eciaiaiey a ea?a?oee
iio?aaiinoae, eioa?ania, oeaiiinoiuo i?eaioaoeee ia?niiaea a o?oaeiaie
noa?a. I?aaeeiaeaia aeeiaie/aneay iiaeaeue noeioee?iaaiey o?oaea
aaieianeiai ia?niiaea ia iniiaa eiiieaeniie ioeaiee o?oaea n o/aoii
iauaeoeaiuo eciaiaiee a aai niaea?aeaiee a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uieo.
Ia iniiaa ?acaeoey eaeae “oi?aaeai/aneie ?aoaoee Aeaeea-Iooiia”
aeieacaii, /oi yeiiiie/anee yooaeoeaiie noaiiaeony eeoue oa no?aoaaey
oi?aaeaiey ia?niiaeii, eioi?ay iniiauaaaony ia iaeiia?aiaiiii ni/aoaiee
?aaeaiaioaoeee o?oaea e aai aeoeaiie iioeaaoeee: i?eaioaoeey oieueei ia
i?eioaeaeaiea a oi?aaeaiee o?oaeii aeaao aaeaia ieaea ?acoeueoaou, /ai
no?aoaaey eiiieaeniiai o/aoa eioa?ania ?aaioieeia e aaiea a oeaeii.

Eeth/aaua neiaa: o?oae, iioeaaoeey, yooaeoeaiinoue, ioeaiea, no?aoaaey,
oi?aaeaiea, iioeaaoeeiiiue iioaioeeae, iaoaieci, ?aaoee?iaaiea.

ANNOTATION

Paladiy N.V.Efficano of the bank personnel labour motivation. –
Manuscript.

The dissertation is for a scientific degree of candidate of economic
in speciality 08.09.01.-Demography, labour economy, social economy and
policy. – Council on study of productive forces of Ukraine of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 1999.

The thesis explores the problems of economic and social efficany of the
labour motivation in the commercial banks by means of the motivational
monitoring of the labour conditions, diagnostics of its complexity,
effectiveness, forms of stimulation, ways of motivational potential
realization. A system of labour motivation effectiveness indices is
offered, labour motivation regulation mechanism is developed, as well as
a system of the personnel labour complex evaluation, taking into
account the objective changes in the labour contents in the market
conditions.

Key words: labour, motivation, efficacy, evaluation, strategy,
management, motivational potential, mechanism, regulation.

PAGE 23

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