Iaoe?iiaeueia Aeaaeai?y iaoe oe?a?ie
Aeiiaoeueeee o?ceei-oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo ?i. I.I. Aaee?ia
Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno
OAeE 536.235; 537.635; 124; 539.292; 541.6
Eoe?i Na?a?e Ieeieaeiae/
Noaoe/i? oa aeeiai?/i? aeaoi?iaoe?? ia?aiaai?oiiai oeaio?a o niaeo?ao
AI? ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca
01.04.11 – Iaaiaoeci
Aaoi?aoa?ao
aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy aeieoi?a o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo
iaoe
Aeiiaoeuee – 1999
Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.
?iaioa aeeiiaia a Aeiiaoeueeiio o?ceei-oaoi?/iiio ?inoeooo? ?i. I.I.
Aaee?ia IAI Oe?a?ie.
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
*eai-ei??aniiiaeaio IAI Oe?a?ie, aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe,
i?ioani?
Ooeueaa Aaea??e Ieoaeeiae/
(?aae?iano?iiii?/iee ?inoeooo IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Oa?e?a)
Aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?
Aaena Aeieo?i Oaaei?iae/
(?inoeooo o?ceee IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a)
Aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe, noa?oee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee
Aeaiueoei Ieeiea Eocueiiae/
(Aeiiaoeueeee o?ceei-oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo ?i. I.I. Aaee?ia
IAI Oe?a?ie, i. Aeiiaoeuee)
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa
O?ceei-oaoi?/iee ?inoeooo iecueeeo oaiia?aoo? ?i. A.?. Aa?e?ia IAI
Oe?a?ie (i. Oa?e?a)
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny « 30 » aa?aniy 1999 ?. i « 15 » aiaeei? ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? ?aaee Ae 11.184.01 i?e Aeiiaoeueeiio
o?ceei-oaoi?/iiio ?inoeooo? ?i. I.I. Aaee?ia IAI Oe?a?ie (340114,
Aeiiaoeuee-114, aoe. ?. Ethenaiao?a, 72, eiioa?aioe-cae.)
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o a?ae?ioaoe? AeiiOO? IAI Oe?a?ie
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee « 19 » na?iiy 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
Niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee
aeieoi? o?c.-iao iaoe A.I. E?eai?o/ei
CAAAEUeIA oa?aeoa?enoeea ?IAIOE
sse a?aeiii iaoiae aeaeo?iiiiai ia?aiaai?oiiai ?aciiaino (AI?) oe?iei
aeei?enoiao?oueny a aaaaoueio aaeocyo o?ceee, o?i??, a?ieia?? oa
iaaeeoeeie. Oiio ?icoe?aiiy oa iiaeeaeaiiy ?ioi?iaoe?? iaea?aeoaaiith
oeei iaoiaeii, iaaii, ? aeooaeueiith oa aaey/iith caaea/ath.
Iaei??th c iniiaieo caaea/ oai??? a aaeoc? AI? ? ia/eneaiiy ii a?aeiiei
ia?aiao?ai e?enoae?/ii? iao?eoe? iaai?oieo aeanoeainoae ia?aiaai?oiiai
oeaio?o. Aeey ?ic?iaee cania?a ae??oaiiy oaei? caaea/? iaiao?aeia
a??ia?aeia ?ioi?iaoe?y i?i caeaaei?noue iaai?oieo aeanoeainoae oeaio?o
a?ae eiai ?ici???a oa aaiiao???. ?ai?o aeey io?eiaiiy aeo?aeii?
?ioi?iaoe?? aeei?enoiaoaaeenue aeaa iniiaieo caniae – «iaoiae
aiiieia?/ieo ?yae?a» ? «iaoiae ia?aiaai?oiiai ciiaea». O ia?oiio c ieo
aeine?aeaeoaaeeny ia?aiaai?oi? oeaio?e iaeiiai e oiai ae ?iia o ?yae?
?cino?oeoo?ieo, ?ciii?oieo niieoe. Aaaaeaeiny, ui oaeei /eiii
ae?noa?oueny ?ioi?iaoe?y i?i caeaaei?noue aeanoeainoae ia?aiaai?oiiai
oeaio?o a?ae eiai ?ici???a oa aaiiao???. Iaoiae ia?aiaai?oiiai ciiaea
iaa?oioiao? iiaeeea?noue aeine?aeaeaiiy e?enoae?/ii? no?oeoo?e iao?eoe?,
o ye?e ?ici?uaiee aeii?oeiaee ia?aiaai?oiee ?ii, ii eiai iaai?oiei
aeanoeainoyi.
I/aaeaeii, ui i?yiei oa a?eueo iaae?eiei caniaii io?eiaiiy iaiao?aeii?
?ioi?iaoe?? ? canoinoaaiiy cania?a o?ceee aenieiai oeneo o noeoiiino? ?c
iaoiaeeeaie AI?. Aeiaaee /an oae? aeine?aeaeaiiy ia iaee nenoaiaoe/iiai
oa?aeoa?o a neeo neeaaeiino? aenia?eiaioaeueii? oaoi?ee oa a?aenooiino?
iaoiaee/ieo ?ic?iaie. E??i oiai, aei ii/aoeo aeeiiaiiy oe??? ?iaioe
acaaae? ia aoei i?iaaaeaia aenia?eiaio?a ii aeine?aeaeaiith AI? i?e
iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao oa aeniio oeneo, ui ??cei caoaeoaaei eiei
ia’?eo?a, ui aeine?aeaeothoueny, oa ia aeaaaei iiaeeeaino? aeyaeoe e
aeine?aeeoe ?yae aaaeeeaeo aoaeo?a.
Anaa?/ia noeneaiiy c?acea aeine?aeaeo?iiai iiiie?enoaeo i?ecaiaeeoue aei
iiiioiiii? ne?eue caaaiaeii iia?eueii? ci?ie eiai e?enoae?/ii?
no?oeoo?e. I?ioa ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aeaoi?iaoe?e ii ??ciiiai?oiei
e?enoaeia?ao?/iei iai?yieai aecia/athoueny i?oaeieie aeanoeainoyie
e?enoaeo, a ia aaaeaiiyi aenia?eiaioaoi?a. A ca’yceo c oeei ia?yaeo c?
anaa?/iei ei?enii aeei?enoiaoaaoe iaeiiinueiaa noeneaiiy c?acea.
Noeoii?noue ?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaio?a ii iaeiiinueiaiio oa anaa?/iiio
noeneaiith c?acea a?ae/eiy? iiaeeea?noue aeaoaeueiiai aiae?co i?ioean?a
oi?ioaaiiy iaai?oieo aeanoeainoae ia?aiaai?oieo aeii?oeiaeo oeaio??a.
Aeine?aeaeaiith aoaeoo ssia-Oaeea?a oa eiai aeya?a i?enay/aia aaee/acia
e?euee?noue oai?aoe/ieo oa aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?ia?o, aea, iacaaaeth/e ia
oea, aein? aeine?aeaeaiiy cae/aeii iaiaaeothoueny iienii aoaeoo, ui
niinoa??aa?oueny, (iai?eeeaae, niaeo?o AI? yi-oaeea??anueeiai ?iia) oa
noeneith eiai ?ioa?i?aoaoe??th, ui nie?a?oueny ia yeonue oai?aoe/io
?iaioo. Oai?aoe/i? ?iaioe, o naith /a?ao, ??aeei aacothoueny ia
aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoaoao e cae/aeii iiyniththoue aoaeoe, ui
niinoa??aathoueny, eeoa ye?nii.
Neiao??y oa aieiai? aeanoeaino? iniiaiiai noaio caaeathoueny
aeaeo?iiiith eiio?ao?aoe??th iaai?oiiai ?iia, oa?aeoa?ii eiai
iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy oa iiaeooue aooe aecia/ai? /enoi oai?aoe/ii. A oie
aea /an ?ic?aooiie neee aca?iiae?? ?iia c aeaoi?iaoe?yie iaeaeeae/iai
ioi/aiiy oyaey? cia/i? o?oaeiiu? oa ia iiaea caaacia/eoe iaae?eiino?
iaea?aeoaaiiai ?acoeueoaoo. Oiio iniaeeaa cia/aiiy iaaoaa?
aenia?eiaioaeueia aecia/aiiy ia?aiao??a ca’yceo, ui caaacia/o? ia eeoa
iiaeeea?noue ii??aiyiiy aaee/ei ia?aiao??a ?c oai?aoe/ieie ?ic?aooieaie,
aea e noai?th? iaae?eio aaco aeey iiaeaeueoeo oai?aoe/ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue.
O?aaeeoe?eia iaeaaeiaiiy, ui canoiniao?oueny i?e aeine?aeaeaii? niaeo??a
AI?, ?c /anoioith IA* aei?ii?ithaaiiy 9, 24 oa 37AAoe ia? i?e?iaei?
iaiaaeaiiy. Ia oaeiio onoaoeoaaii? aaaeei, aeine?aeaeoaaoe niaeo?e AI?
?iiia c? cia/ieie aaee/eiaie ?icuaieaiiy ni?iiaiai ioeueoeieaoo
iniiaiiai noaio. Oiio aeine?aeaeaiiy aeanoeainoae ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a
oaeeo ?iiia aei oeueiai /ano aoei iaaeoi iaiaaeaia. Aeiaeaoeia?
iiaeeeaino? iaoiaeo AI? o ei?ioeioaeeueia?e /anoei? i?e?iao?iaiai
ae?aiaciio (75 oa 140AAoe), oae? ye i?aeaeuaia /oei?noue, cia/ii
i?aeaeuaia ?icae?eueia ni?iiiaei?noue ii g-oaeoi?o, aaeeea aaee/eia
eaaioo IA* aei?ii?ithaaiiy a ii?aeiaii? ?c iiaeeea?noth i?iaaaeaiiy
aeine?aeaeaiue a oiiaao iaoai?/ii? aeaoi?iaoe?? c?acea, iaaii, iiaeii?
i?ecaanoe aei io?eiaiiy aaaeeeaeo ?aaiethoe?eieo ?acoeueoao?a.
Ia?ae?/ai? aeua i?iaeaie i?ecaaee aei oi?ioethaaiiy ianooiii? iaoe oe???
?iaioe:
Iaea?aeaiiy nenoaiaoe/ii? ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i ci?io aeanoeainoae
ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca a oiiaao iaoai?/ieo
aeaoi?iaoe?e iiiie?enoae?/iiai c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, oa aieea ia
oe? aeanoeaino? aioo??oi?o aeeiai?/ieo aeaoi?iaoe?e, iia’ycaieo ?c
ci?iith oaiia?aoo?e c?acea oa ooiaeueieie ia?aoiaeaie o
yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoaiao. I?aeaeuaiiy ?ioi?iaoeaiino? iaoiaeo AI? i?e
no?oeoo?ieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo oaa?aeeo o?e.
Aeey aeinyaiaiiy icia/aii? iaoe iaiao?aeii ae??oeoe ianooii? iaoeia? oa
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i? caaea/?:
Iioe?eoe iaoiaeeee AI? niaeo?ineii?? ia iaeanoue a?eueo aenieeo /anoio
(ei?ioeioaeeueiaa /anoeia i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio). Noai?eoe oa
iiaeeo?eoaaoe iaoiaeeee oa iaeaaeiaiiy aeey iecueeioaiia?aoo?ieo
aeine?aeaeaiue AI? a oiiaao iaoai?/ii? aeaoi?iaoe?? c?acea (iaeiiinueiaa
oa anaa?/ia noeneaiiy) ?c oaiaeaioe??th ca?eueoaiiy ae?aiaciio oeneo oa
?iai/eo /anoio.
I?iaanoe nenoaiaoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao anaa?/iiai oa iaeiiinueiaiai
noeneaiiy c?acea ia niaeo?e AI? ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca;
?ic?iaeoe iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy iiaoaeiae aeii?oeiaiai ia?aiaai?oiiai
oeaio?o o iiiie?enoaeao;
Anoaiiaeoe nooi?iue aieeao aeii?oeiaiai ?iio ia aeanoeaino?
ia?aiaai?oiiai oeaio?o;
Aeine?aeeoe aca?iiae?th yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoai c ciai?oiueith
iaoai?/iith aeaoi?iaoe??th c?acea.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo o ?iaio? aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a,
noi?ioeueiaaieo ocaaaeueiaiue oa aeniiae?a aecia/a?oueny ii?aeiaiiyi
?yaeo aeno?aiaeueieo oiia aenia?eiaioo: aenieiai anaa?/iiai oeneo,
iaeiiinueia?e aeaoi?iaoe?? c?acea, iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?, ?c oaeei
aeniei?ioi?iaoeaiei iaoiaeii aeine?aeaeaiiy, yeei ? iaoiae aeaeo?iiiiai
ia?aiaai?oiiai ?aciiaino. I?e/iio i?e aeeiiaii? oe??? ?iaioe aia?aoo?a,
ui aeei?enoiaoaaeany, ciiao oaeiae ia? aeno?aiaeuei? ia?aiao?e – neeuei?
iaai?oi? iiey aei 70eA oa aenie? /anoioe IA* aei?ii?ithaaiiy
(ei?ioeioaeeueiaa /anoeia i?ee?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio – 4 oa 2ii).
Iiaecia ?iaioe iieyaa? a ianooiiiio:
1. Aia?oa i?e iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao, aenieiio anaa?/iiio oa
iaeiiinueiaiio noneaiiyo i?iaaaeai? nenoaiaoe/i? aeine?aeaeaiiy niaeo??a
AI? iaai?oieo oeaio??a ?iiia a?oie cae?ca o ae?aeaeo?e/ieo
iiiie?enoaeao. Eiei aea/aieo ia’?eo?a aeeth/a? oeaio?e ieoaaae?e/ii? oa
oao?aaae?e/ii? eii?aeeiaoe?? c oao?aaiiaeueiei oa o?eaiiaeueiei
niioai?aiiyi; ?iie c iniiaiei i?a?oaeueiei o?eieaoiei, aeoaeaoiei oa
neiaeaoiei noaiii; aeaeo?iiiei ni?iii 1/2, 1, 3/2, 5/2.
I?e oeueiio:
– aeyaeai? oacia? ia?aoiaee ae?oaiai ?iaeo o e?enoaeao aeae?eueeio
ooi?inee?eao?a;
– aeyaeaia ?aae?caoe?y eieaeueii? eoa?/ii? neiao??? iaai?oieo oeaio??a
?ii?a Ni2+ a o?eaiiaeueieo e?enoaeao;
– aeiaaaeaia ?nioaaiiy “oiiiiiiai aeeaaeo” o ii/aoeiaa ?icuaieaiiy
ni?iiaiai ioeueoeieaoo iniiaiiai noaio oa aeyaeaiee aeiaaeie “aeieiaiiy”
oiiiiiiai aeeaaeo;
– anoaiiaeaia ?nioaaiiy caeiiii??iiai ca’yceo ia?aiao??a ni?iiaiai
aai?eueoii?aio c? ciaeii aeaoi?iaoe?? i?aaeeueiiai aaaaoia?aiieea
iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy iaai?oiiai ?iia oa anoaiiaeai? a?aieoe? aeeiiaiiy
oe??? caeiiii??iino?.
2. Aia?oa i?iaaaeai? eiiieaeni? aeine?aeaeaiiy niaeo??a AI?
yi-oaeea??anueeeo oeaio??a ?ii?a a 2A noai? (Cu2+) a o?eaiiaeueieo
e?enoaeia?ae?aoao, aeeth/ath/? aea/aiiy oaiia?aoo?ieo oa /anoioieo
caeaaeiinoae niaeo?o AI?, aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao ia iueiai anaa?/iiai oa
iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea. Ia i?aenoaa? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?ae?a
iaea?aeai? ooiaeaiaioaeuei? oa?aeoa?enoeee yi-oaeea??anueeeo oeaio??a,
ui aea/aeeny:
Aia?a?y ssia-Oaeea?a;
Iino?eia e?i?eiiai a?a?iiiiai ca’yceo;
Aeaoi?iaoe?eiee eiao?oe?aio;
Aaee/eia aa?’??o i?ae aaniethoieie i?i?ioiaie aae?aaaoe/iiai
iioaioe?aeo.
Aeyaeai? oa ?ioa?i?aoiaai? iniaeeaino? niaeo??a AI?, ciaia’ycai? i?iyao
aeeiai?ee yaea?iiai inoiao.
3. Aia?oa iaoiaeii AI? aeine?aeaeaia eiaeoeiaaia oeneii ia?aieeaiiy
iai?yieo in? yi-oaeea??anueeiai niioai?aiiy o (ND4)2Cu(SO4)2 SYMBOL 215
\f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6D2O oa, a?noa?acen ci?ie ia?aiao??a niaeo?o AI?, ui
noi?iaiaeaeo? oea ia?aieeaiiy.
4. Aia?oa ?ic?iaeaii iaeaaeiaiiy, ui aeicaiey? i?iaiaeeoe aeine?aeaeaiiy
i?e anaa?/iiio oa iaeiiinueiaiio noeneaiiyo c?acea iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao
o ei?ioeioaeeueia?e /anoei? i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio aeiaaeei oaeeue.
Iaoeiaa oa i?aeoe/ia cia/aiiy ?iaioe iieyaa? a
Nenoaiaoecaoe?? ?ioi?iaoe?? i?i ci?io aeanoeainoae ia?aiaai?oieo
oeaio??a ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca i?ae aieeaii anaa?/ii? oa iaeiiinueiai?
aeaoi?iaoe?? c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, oa oi?ioethaaii? caaaa/aiue
i?i iiaeeea? aa??aioe ?oiuei? iiaaae?iee;
Anoaiiaeaii? caeiiii??iiai ca’yceo ia?aiao??a ni?iiaiai aai?eueoii?aio c
niioai?aiiyi aaaaoia?aiieea iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy ia?aiaai?oiiai
oeaio?o;
A?aee?eoo? iniaeeainoae niaeo??a AI? yi-oaeea??anueeeo ?ii?a,
ciaia’ycaieo i?iyao aeeiai?ee yaea?iiai inoiao oa aecia/aii? aaee/ei
iniiaieo oa?aeoa?enoee oaeeo oeaio??a a iiaeaeueieo e?enoaeao;
?ic?iaoe? iaoiaeee oa oaoi?ee aenia?eiaioo, ui iiaeooue ciaeoe
canoinoaaiiy o iaoeiaeo eaai?aoi??yo ui caeiathoueny aeine?aeaeaiiyie
iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino o ei?ioeioaeeueia?e /anoei? i?e?iao?iaiai
ae?aiaciio aeiaaeei oaeeue.
Aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue:
A aeena?oaoe?ei?e ?iaio? aeeeaaeai? oa ocaaaeueiai? ?acoeueoaoe
aeine?aeaeaiue, aeeiiaieo ye iniaenoi aaoi?ii (8 noaoae [16, 25 – 30,
35] c nieneo, iaaaaeaiiai a e?ioe? aaoi?aoa?aoo), oae ? i?ae eiai
ea??aieoeoaii oa ni?eueii c eieaaaie oa a/aieie c ?ioa?iaoe?iiaeueii?
a?oie, ?iaioo yei? eii?aeeioaaa I. Oe/iai (Dr. M. A. Hitchman University
of Tasmania, Australia). Aaoi? N. I. Eoe?i aoa iaoeiaei ea??aieeii
aeena?oaoe?e ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa
o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe A. I. Aantheiaa oa I. I. Oane?.
A ni?eueieo ioae?eaoe?yo ?c A. A. Oeeioeaaeca, A. I. Aantheiaei oa I. I.
Oaneath [2, 3 – 8, 11 – 15, 17, 20 – 24, 39 – 41] aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue:
iinoaiiaea caaea/? i?i canoinoaaiiy anaa?/iiai oa iaeiiinueiaiai
noeneaiiy c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, aeey c’ynoaaiiy aeaoaeae
iiaoaeiae iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy ia?aiaai?oiiai ?iio a e?enoaeao
??ciiiai?oieo neiao??e oa ??ciiiai?oieo oei?a eii?aeeiaoe??;
iinoaiiaea caaea/? i?i canoinoaaiiy iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy e?enoaeo oa
?aae?iniaeo?iiao??a ei?ioeioaeeueiai? /anoeie i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio
aeey aea/aiiy yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoai ?c neeueiei ca’yceii;
Aea?? ia’?eo?a aeine?aeaeaiiy;
Aeine?aeaeaiiy i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae iiiie?enoae?a, ui aea/aeeny;
Ni?eueii c A. A. Oeeioeaaeca [9] aaoi?ii aoa ?ic?iaeai i?eeaae aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea i?e iecueeeo
oaiia?aoo?ao ia niaeo?e AI? o ?aae?iniaeo?iiao?? i?e?iao?iaiai
ae?aiaciio.
Ni?eueii c I. I. Oaneath [23, 38] aaoi?ii aoea ?ic?iaeaia oa aeaioiaeaia
oaoi?ea aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy o
?aae?iniaeo?iiao?? i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio.
Ni?eueii c A. I. Aantheiaei [19] i?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao
iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy ia niaeo?e AI? yi-oaeea??anueei? nenoaie c
neeueiei ca’yceii oa ?ioa?i?aoiaai? ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaio?a.
Ni?eueii c A. I. Aantheiaei [6 – 8, 14, 17, 20, 36, 37] oa I. I. Oaneath
[11, 13 15, 21, 22, 24, 41] aaoi?ii io?eiai? aenia?eiaioaeuei?
?acoeueoaoe i?e aea/aii? aieeao anaa?/iiai oa iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy
c?acea ia niaeo?e AI? aeii?oeiaeo ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca o iiiie?enoaeao oa
i?iaaaeaia ?ioa?i?aoaoe?y iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a.
O ni?eueieo ioae?eaoe?yo c A. Ae. I?ioi?iaei [31, 32] aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue
iaea?aeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a i?e aea/aii? iaoiaeii AI?
oaciaeo ia?aoiae?a o e?enoaeia?ae?aoao.
O ni?eueieo ioae?eaoe?yo c ?ioa?iaoe?iiaeueiith a?oiith I. Oe/iaia [33,
34] aaoi?o iaeaaeeoue ?ic?iaea ? aeaioiaeaiiy oaoi?ee aeey i?iaaaeaiiy
i?aoeec?eieo aenia?eiaio?a ii aeine?aeaeaiith aieeao a?ae?inoaoe/iiai
oeneo oa oaiia?aoo?e ia niaeo?e AI? oa iaea?aeaiiy eiiieaeno
aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a i?e aea/aii? iaoiaeii AI? eiaeoeiaaiiai
oeneii ia?aieeaiiy iai?yieo in? yi-oaeea??anueeiai niioai?aiiy a
(ND4)2Cu(SO4)2 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6D2O.
A??ia?aei?noue ?acoeueoao?a, iaaaaeaieo a aeena?oaoe??, aeinyaiooa ca
?aooiie aeei?enoaiiy oi?eaeueiiai aeniei/oeiiai iaeaaeiaiiy, no/anieo
oai?aoe/ieo oyaeaiue, eiiieaeniiai i?aeoiaeo aei aeine?aeaeaiue.
Ocaaaeueiaiiy oa aeniiaee ?iaioe iiaiaeaeothoueny c iniiaiiieaaath/eie
oyaeaiiyie oai??? iaaiaoecio oa o?ceee oaa?aeiai o?ea. A??ia?aei?noue
?acoeueoao?a i?aeoaa?aeaeo?oueny iacaeaaeieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie ?ioeo
aaoi??a. ?yae aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a ?iaioe oni?oii
aeei?enoaiee ye iniiaa aeey oai?aoe/ieo ?ic?aooie?a iacaeaaeieo
aeine?aeiee?a.
Ai?iaaoe?y ?iaioe
Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? aeiiia?aeaeeny ia ianooiieo ia?aaeao,
eiioa?aioe?yo, neiiic?oiao: I Ananithcia ia?aaea c o?ceee oa oaoi?ee
aenieeo oeneea (Aeiiaoeuee, 1973?.), V, VII oa VIII Ananithci?
neiiic?oie c niaeo?ineii?? e?enoae?a aeoeaiaaieo ??aeeeie caieyie oa
aeaiaioaie a?oie cae?ca (Eacaiue, 1976?., Eai?ia?aae 1982?.,
Naa?aeeianuee, 1985?.), XX-th Congress AMPERE (Oaee?ii, 1978?.), II
Ananithciee neiiic?oi ii i?e?iao?iaei oa noai?e?iao?iaei oaeeyi (Oa?e?a,
1978?.), II Ananithcia ia?aaea ii aeeaieei ??aiyi o iai?ai?ia?aeieeao
(Oaoeaio, 1980?.), VII Ananithcia oeiea ii iaai?oiiio ?aciiaino,
Neaayiiai?nuee 1981, XYI Ananithcia eiioa?aioe?y ii o?ceoe? iaai?oieo
yaeu (Ooea, 1983?.), Ananithcia eiioa?aioe?y ii iaai?oiiio ?aciiaino o
eiiaeainiaaieo n?aaeiaeuao (Eacaiue, 1984?.), Ananithcia ia?aaea
“Canoinoaaiiy aenieeo oene?a aeey io?eiaiiy iiaeo iaoa??ae?a oa
noai?aiiy ?ioaineaieo i?ioean?a o?i?/ieo oaoiieia?e” (Iineaa, 1986?.),
XI Ananithcia eiioa?aioe?y ii o?ceoe? naaiaoiaeaeo?ee?a (*a?i?aoe?,
1986?.), XI I?aeia?iaeia eiioa?aioe?y IA?EAAe “Aenie? oenee a iaooe? oa
oaoi?oe?” (Ee?a, 1987?.), Ananithcia eiioa?aioe?y “Canoinoaaiiy
iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino a ia?iaeiiio ainiiaea?noa?” (Eacaiue, 1988?.), VI
iaoeiaee nai?ia? “O?ceea iaai?oieo yaeu” (Aeiiaoeuee, 1993?.).
Ioae?eaoe??
Iniiai? iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?? iioae?eiaai? a 35 noaooyo o iaoeiaeo
aeo?iaeao (Inorg. Chem., Phys. Stat. Sol., OOO, OIO, E?enoaeia?ao?y,
OOAAe, AENO, IOA), iaei?e ca??oe? iaoeiaeo i?aoeue oa 3 ca??eao oac
iaoeiaeo eiioa?aioe?e. I?ea?iaeuei? ??oaiiy caoeuai? aeaiia aaoi?nueeeie
na?aeioeoaaie ia aeiao?ae.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoe??
Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny c anooio, /ioe?ueio ?icae?e?a, caeeth/aiiy,
nieneo e?oa?aoo?e, ui oeeoo?oueny. ?iaioa aeeeaaeaia ia 267 noi??ieao
oaenoo, i?noeoue 82 ?enoiee ia 63 noi??ieao, 30 oaaeeoeue ia 21
noi??ioe?, a nieneo e?oa?aoo?e 165 aeaea?ae ia 17 noi??ieao.
Iniiaiee CI?NO ?IAIOE
O anooi? iaa?oioiaaia aeooaeuei?noue i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue,
noi?ioeueiaai? iaoa oa oe?e? ?iaioe, iaoeiaa iiaecia, iaoeiaa ?
i?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue, noenei aeeeaaeaiee ci?no aeena?oaoe??.
O ia?oiio ?icae?e? i?noeoueny iien aenia?eiaioaeueii? oaoi?ee, ui
canoiniaoaaeany i?e i?iaaaeaii? aeine?aeaeaiue. O?aaeeoe?eii
aeine?aeaeaiiy AI? i?iaiaeyoueny o 3ni, 1.25ni oa ?iiae? o 8ii
ae?aiaciiao aeiaaeei oaeeue. O iei?oi?e ?iaio? ia?aaaaeia a?eueo?noue
aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a io?eiaia ia ?aae?iniaeo?iiao?ao
ei?ioeioaeeueia?e /anoei? i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio aeiaaeei oaeeue – 4
oa 2ii. Aeey oni?oiiai i?iaaaeaiiy aeine?aeaeaiue o oeeo ae?aiaciiao
cai?iiiiiaaiee iiaee oei ?aciiaoi?a, ui aeei?enoiaoaaany aaoi?ii ia
i?ioyc? ?yaeo ?ie?a ye aeey aea/aiiy niaeo??a AI? i?e iecueeeo
oaiia?aoo?ao (2 – 160E), oae ? aeey noai?aiiy ia eiai iniia? i?eeaae?a
aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy c?ace?a i?e iaeiiinueiaiio oa anaa?/iiio noeneaiith.
Iienai? i?ea?iaeuei? eiino?oeoe?? eaia? aenieiai oeneo aeey
aeine?aeaeaiiy AI? i?e aenieiio oeneo oa iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao:
??aeeiii? eaia?e c ?iai/ei ae?aiaciiii aei 12eaa? oa eaia?e, ui
aeei?enoiao? a yeino? na?aaeiaeua, ui ia?aaea? oene, iaoaeaaee ?iae?e c
?iai/ei ae?aiaciiii aei 20eaa?.
Iienaiee i?eeaae aeey iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea, ui
aeine?aeaeo?oueny, i?e iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao i?ae /an niinoa?aaeaiiy
iaai?oiiai ?aciiaino. I?eeaae i?aoeth? a neeaae? ?aae?iniaeo?iiao?a AI?
4ii ae?aiaciio. N?eueoiiiee i?an i?eeaaeo ?icaeaa? coneeey aei 80eA, ui
aeicaiey? iaea?aeoaaoe ia c?aceo, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, oeneo aei
2000eA/ni2.
Iaaaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aei???a oaeaeeino? ?iciianthaeaeaiiy caoeiaeo
oaeeue o e?enoaeao ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s 14 · 6H2O,
Na2ZnCl4 SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s 14 · 3H2O, AlCl3 SYMBOL 183 \f
“Courier New” \s 14 · 6H2O, Cs3CoCl5, K2ZnF4, oa ?ic?aoiaai? ii ieo
cia/aiiy iiaeoe?a Nij oa eiiiiiaio oaici?a i?oaeii? iiaeaoeeaino? Sij,
cia/aiiy noeneeaino? e?enoae?a ocaeiaae in? neiao??? e?enoaeo SYMBOL
115 \f “Symbol” \s 14 s SYMBOL 166 \f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ ,
ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii in? neiao??? SYMBOL 115 \f “Symbol” \s 14 s SYMBOL 94
\f “Symbol” \s 14 ^ , a oaeiae ia’?iia noeneea?noue SYMBOL 107 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 k .
A ae?oaiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao
anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy c?acea ia niaeo?e AI? ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca.
I?e i?iaaaeaii? aeine?aeaeaiue aeyaeai? oacia? ia?aoiaee ae?oaiai ?iaeo
o e?enoaeao aeae?eueeio ooi?inee?eao?a; aeyaeaia ?aae?caoe?y eieaeueii?
eoa?/ii? neiao??? iaai?oieo oeaio??a ?ii?a Ni2+ a o?eaiiaeueieo
e?enoaeao; aeiaaaeaia ?nioaaiiy “oiiiiiiai aeeaaeo” o ii/aoeiaa
?icuaieaiiy ni?iiaiai ioeueoeieaoo iniiaiiai noaio oa aeyaeaiee aeiaaeie
“aeieiaiiy” oiiiiiiai aeeaaeo; iieacaia aeoeaia ?ieue aeii?oeiaiai ?iio
o oi?ioaaii? e?enoae?/iiai iiey ia?aiaai?oiiai oeaio?o aae aei ci?ie
ciaeo niioai?aiiy iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy oa oi/eiai? a?oie neiao???
oeaio?o.
Ine?eueee oea aeine?aeaeaiiy ? ia?oei nenoaiaoe/iei aeine?aeaeaiiyi
aieeao anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy ia niaeo?e AI? aeii?oeiaeo ?ii?a a?oie
cae?ca o ae?aeaeo?e/ieo iiiie?enoaeao, ui ioiieth? oeaio?e ieoaaae?e/ii?
oa oao?aaae?e/ii? eii?aeeiaoe?e c oao?aaiiaeueiei oa o?eaiiaeueiei
niioai?aiiyie; ?iie c iniiaiei i?a?oaeueiei o?eieaoiei, aeoaeaoiei oa
neiaeaoiei noaiii; aeaeo?iiiei ni?iii 1/2, 1, 3/2, 5/2 aeioe?eueiei
oyaey?oueny ocaaaeueiaiiy ?acoeueoao?a aeine?aeaeaiue oa oi?ioethaaiiy
caeiiii??iinoae iiaaae?iee ia?aiao??a niaeo??a AI? a?ae aaee/eie
anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy:
Oenee, ui canoiniaothoueny a aenia?eiaioao, 10 – 20eaa? i?ecaiaeyoue aei
ciaioaiiy ia’?io aeaiaioa?ii? eii??ee e?enoaeo ia a?eueo i?ae ia 10%
oiio ia ne?ae i/?eoaaoe ?aaiethoe?eieo ci?i o niaeo?? AI?. ?iai/a
iaeanoue a?aeiia?aea? iaeano? e?i?eiiai caeiio Aoea, on? ci?ie o niaeo??
AI? aoaeooue iiiioiii?, cai?ioi? oa a?aeoai?thaai?;
A?ao?ee caeaaeiino? ia?aiao??a ni?iiaiai aai?eueoii?aio a?ae aaee/eie
noeneath/iai coneeey, cae/aeii iathoue aeaeyae e?i?eieo caeaaeiinoae.
Iae?i?eiino? aeyaeythoueny o e?enoaeao c? neeaaeiith no?oeoo?ith
(iai?eeeaae, oa?oaao? e?enoaee), oa yeui e?enoae, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny,
cacia? no?oeoo?iiai oaciaiai ia?aoiaeo ae?oaiai ?iaeo;
Ci?ie a niaeo?ao AI? i?ae oeneii aeia?a ye?nii c?icoi?e? c iiceoe?e
oai??? e?enoae?/iiai iiey ? oyaeei ?ioa?i?aoo?i? e?euee?nii;
Ia ne?ae i/?eoaaoe aiaeia?/ii? iiaaae?iee ia?aiao??a niaeo?o AI?
ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a, noai?aieo ??cieie, iaoae iaa?oue aeecueeeie,
?iiaie;
Iaeneiaeuei? aoaeoe aieeao anaa?/iiai noeneath/iai coneeey,
(a?ae?inoaoe/iee aai eaac?aeae?inoaoe/iee oene) ne?ae i/?eoaaoe o
aeiaaeeo ?ii?a c ia?iei /eneii ia nia?aieo aeaeo?ii?a (aoaeoeaiee niei 1
aai 2);
Cia/ii a?eueo? aoaeoe i?e ?ioeo ??aieo oiiaao ne?ae i/?eoaaoe o
e?enoae?/ieo iao?eoeyo c aaeeeith ia’?iiie noeneea?noth oa cia/iith
ai?cio?ii??th noeneeaino?. A?eueo ?noioiith aeyaey?oueny aaee/eia
ai?cio?ii?? noeneeaino?;
Aeey ?ii?a c? ni?iii a?eueo 1/2 iniiai? ci?ie a niaeo?? AI? iienothoueny
ci?iith ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy D. Oaeoi?
niaeo?ineii?/iiai ?icuaieaiiy (g-oaeoi?) i?e oeueiio ci?ith?oueny aeoaea
neaai ? oey ci?ia cae/aeii ia aeoiaeeoue ca iaae? oi/iino? aei???a;
Ia?aiao?e iaaeoiiei? aca?iiae?? a ?iiieo e?enoaeao ci?iththoueny i?ae
oeneii aeoaea neaai, a eiaaeaioieo e?enoaeao ci?ie iiaeooue aooe a?eueo
?noioieie;
*anoeia aenia?eiaioaeueieo ?acoeueoao?a ii aea/aiith aieeao anaa?/iiai
oeneo ia niaeo?e AI? oa aecia/aiith i?oaeieo aeanoeainoae iiiie?enoae?a
aoee aeei?enoai? iacaeaaeieie aeine?aeieeaie aeey ia?aa??ee oai?aoe/ieo
?ic?aooie?a niaeo??a AI? ? aieeao ia ieo aeaoi?iaoe?e e?enoae?/ii?
iao?eoe?. Oae? ?iaioe aeeiiai? aeey ?ii?a Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+ a ZnSiF6
SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O; ?ii?a Mn2+ a Na2ZnCl4 SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * 3H2O oa ?ii?a Co2+ a Cs3CoCl5.
O o?aoueiio ?icae?e? i?aaenoaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy aieeao
iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?aceo aeine?aeaeoaaiiai iiiie?enoaea ii
aieiai?e in? neiao??? ia niaeo?e AI? ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca. Io?eiai?
aenia?eiaioaeuei? ?acoeueoaoe ni?eueii c ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiiy
aieeao anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy c?aceo ia niaeo?e AI? aeei?enoai? aeey
aiae?co iiaoaeiae ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a.
Aeine?aeaeaia iiaoaeiaa aeii?oeiaeo oeaio??a o iiiie?enoaeao ?c
ieoaaae?e/iith (ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O,
La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O, La2Zn3(NO3)12
SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O, K2ZnF4, AlCl3 SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O) oa oao?aaae?e/iith (Na2ZnCl4 SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * 3H2O, Cs3MeCl5) eii?aeeiaoe??th ia?aiaai?oiiai ?iio.
Aeey i?eeeaaeo ?icaeyiaii aeiaaeie ?iio aeaiaaeaioiiai i?eaey a
ieoaaae?e/iiio ia?aiaai?oiiio eiiieaen? c oao?aaiiaeueiei niioai?aiiyi
(Ni2+ o e?enoae? K2ZnF4).
Iiaoaeiao ieoaaae?e/iiai ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno c oao?aaiiaeueiei
niioai?aiiyi iiaeia oe?eeii iienaoe aeaiia ia?aiao?aie: a?aenoaiith r
a?ae ia?aiaai?oiiai ?iia aei e?aaiae?a, ui eaaeaoue ia in? neiao???, oa
eooii SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d (?en. 1.). Ia?aiao? ni?iiaiai
?en.1. Iiaoaeiaa ieoaaae?e/iiai ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno c
oao?aaiiaeueiei niioai?aiiyi.
aai?eueoii?aio D, ui oa?aeoa?eco? iaai?oi? aeanoeaino? ?iio, iiaea aooe
?iceeaaeaiee a ?yae ii a?aeoeeaiith eooa SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d
a?ae cia/aiiy SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d 0, a?aeiia?aeiiai
i?aaeeueiiio ieoaaae?o oa a?aeoeeaiith aaee/eie a?aenoai? aei e?aaiae?a
a?ae cia/aiiy r o iaaeaoi?iiaaiiio e?enoae?:
(1)
i?e o?aoueiio oa oinoiio /eaiao ?iceeaaeo ? oioiaeii ??aieie ioeth,
ine?eueee eiioi?iia noeneaiiy i?aaeeueiiai aaaaoia?aiieea (ieoaaae?a) ia
i?ecaiaeeoue aei cieaeaiiy neiao??? ia?aiaai?oiiai oeaio?o oa iiyae
aeneaeueii? eiiiiiaioe e?enoae?/iiai iiey i??ith, yei? o ni?iiaiio
aai?eueoii?ai? ? aaee/eia ia?aiao?o D. I?e ( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s
14 d SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c – SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d
0) = 0 ? aeia?euei?e a?aenoai? r ?aae?co?oueny aeiaaeie i?aaeeueiiai
ieoaaae?e/iiai eiiieaeno c /enoi eoa?/iith neiao???th, aeneaeueia
eiiiiiaioa e?enoae?/iiai iiey aei??aith? ioeth, oiio ia?oee /eai
?iceeaaeo D( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d 0,r) = 0. Caaaeath/e ia
i/aaeaeio iae?noue, iiaeia ciaaaaeeoe i’yoee /eai ?iceeaaeo oa /eaie
a?eueo aenieeo, i?ae ae?oaa, nooiai?a.
?iceeaae iaaoaa? aeaeyaeo:
(2)
Aea SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d / oa r/- eoo oa a?aenoaiue, ci?iai?
ciai?oi?i oeneii.
O e?i?eiiio ii oeneo iaaeeaeaii? caeaaei?noue eooa SYMBOL 100 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 d oa a?aenoai? r caienothoueny ne?aeoth/ei /eiii:
(3)
aea P – aaee/eia i?eeeaaeaiiai aei c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny,
anaa?/iiai aai iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy. Aiae?oe/i? ae?ace eiao?oe?aio?a
a oa b /a?ac aeaiaioe oaici?a iiaeaoeeaino? e?enoaeo iaaaaeai? o
oaaeeoe? 1. Oai aea iii?uai? /enaeuei? cia/aiiy oeeo eiao?oe?aio?a,
?ic?aoiaai? aeey e?enoaeo K2ZnF4 ia i?aenoaa? aeaiaio?a oaici?a
iiaeaoeeaino? i?e oaiia?aoo?? 77E.
Oaaeeoey 1 – Aiae?oe/i? ae?ace aaee/ei ia?aiao??a a oa b o ae?ac? (3)
aeey ieoaaae?e/iiai ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno c oao?aaiiaeueiei
niioai?aiiyi.
a SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c 1/2(S33 – S13)
3.95 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 10-6 ?aae/(eA/ni2)
Iaeiiinueiaa noeneaiiy ii in? neiao??? /aoaa?oiai ii?yaeeo
b SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c – S33
-5.3 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 10-6 ?aae/(eA/ni2)
a SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c
1/2(S13 + S33 – S11 – S12)
Anaa?/ia noeneaiiy
-0.155 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 10-6 ?aae/(eA/ni2)
b SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c SYMBOL 162 \f “Symbol” \s 14 c – 2S13
– S33
-0.275 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 10-6 ?aae/(eA/ni2)
Caeaaei?noue ia?aiao?o ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy a?ae aaee/eie
i?eeeaaeaiiai oeneo iieno?oueny ae?acii:
(4)
(?en. 2, 3) oa D a ieieeoe? ioeueiaeo ciai?oi?o aeaoi?iaoe?e
aeicaieythoue neeanoe nenoaio c o?ueio ??aiyiue:
(5)
oa ( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d – SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d
0).
?en. 2. Iiaeoeue c?ooaiiy e?i?e niaeo?o AI? ?ii?a Ni2+ o e?enoaeao
K2ZnF4, coiiaeaiee aieeaii iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy e?enoaeo. P SYMBOL
166 \f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ C4,
SYMBOL 110 \f “Symbol” \s 14 n SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 »
74AAoe, O = 4.2E
1 – iecueeiiieueiaa e?i?y, 2 – aenieiiieueiaa e?i?y.
– aieea ci?ie ia’?io eiiieaeno (i?e?iaeiuei ni?eueii c? ci?iith
aaiiao???) ia aaee/eio ia?aiao?o ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy.
?en.3. Caeaaei?noue aaee/eie ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai
?icuaieaiiy ioeueoeieaoo iniiaiiai noaio aeii?oeiaeo ?ii?a
aeaiaaeaioiiai i?eaey a iiiie?enoaeao K2ZnF4 a?ae aaee/eie anaa?/iiai
oeneo. SYMBOL 110 \f “Symbol” \s 14 n SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 »
74AAoe, O = 4.2E.
Ae??oaiiy nenoaie aeicaiey? aecia/eoe aaee/eio eooa niioai?aiiy
ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno ( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d – SYMBOL 100
\f “Symbol” \s 14 d 0) oa ii??aiyoe aeeaaee a oi?ioaaiiy aaee/eie
ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy ni?iiaiai ioeueoeieaoo iniiaiiai noaio
ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno a?ae ci?ie oi?ie ieoaaae?e/iiai ioi/aiiy oa
eiai ia’?io.
O ?acoeueoao? ia/eneaiue iaea?aeeii:
oa ( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 12 d – SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 12 d
0) = + 6.6 SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s 12 · 10-3?aae = + 0,38?.
Iaea?aeaio aaee/eio eooa niioai?aiiy SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d –
SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d 0 = + 0,38? iiaeia ii??aiyoe ?c
niioai?aiiyi ieoaaae??a, ooai?aieo ?iiaie ooi?o o e?enoaeao K2ZnF4 – +
0,50? oa o iaai?oii eiioeaio?iaaiiio K2NiF4 – + 0,47?. Niinoa??aa?oueny
aeia?a caiaea i??e niioai?aiiy ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a, ui na?ae/eoue i?i
iaae?ei?noue ?acoeueoao?a, iaea?aeaieo ii ?icaeiai?e iaoiaeeoe?.
Can?a iiaeia ia?aa??eoe a?eueo i?e/aieeai ia eiioeaio?iaaieo niieoeao.
Iai?eeeaae, ia/eneaia ia i?aenoaa? aeine?ae?a niioai?aiiy aeii?oeiaiai
ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno [Ni SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s 14 · 6H2O]2+
o ooi?inee?eao? oeeieo ( SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b – SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 b 0) = + 0.14 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° iiaeia
ii??aiyoe c niioai?aiiyi eiiieaeno [Ni SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s 14
· 6H2O]2+ o ooi?inee?eao? i?eaeth. A inoaiiueiio aeiaaeeo iaai?oii
eiioeaio?iaaiiai e?enoaeo ii??aiyoe ?acoeueoaoe aeine?aeaeaiiy iiaeia c
?acoeueoaoaie ?aioaaiino?oeoo?iiai aiae?co. Oae, nie?ath/enue ia
e?oa?aoo?i? ?acoeueoaoe., iaea?aeo?ii aeey eiiieaeno [Ni SYMBOL 183 \f
“Courier New” \s 14 · 6H2O]2+ ( SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b –
SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b 0) = + 0.3 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 °
, a ii ?acoeueoaoao ?aioaaiino?oeoo?iiai aiae?co ( SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 b – SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 14 b 0) = + 0.36 SYMBOL 177 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ± 0.07 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° . I?e ioe?ioe?
nooiaiy caiaee ?acoeueoao?a iaiao?aeii a?aoiaoaaoe, ui aeine?aeaeaiiy ia
ooi?inee?eao? oeeieo i?iaaaeai? i?e oaiia?aoo?? 4.2E, a ooi?inee?eao?
i?eaeth – i?e e?iiaoi?e oaiia?aoo??.
Aeey eiiieaeno [CoCl4]2- a e?enoae? Cs3CoCl5 ?ic?aooiie ia iniia?
aenia?eiaio?a aea? SYMBOL 103 \f “Symbol” \s 14 g – SYMBOL 103 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 g 0 = – 0.8?. ?aioaaiino?oeoo?i? aeai? aeey iaai?oii
eiioeaio?iaaiiai e?enoaeo Cs3CoCl5 aeicaieythoue ia/eneeoe aaee/eio
SYMBOL 103 \f “Symbol” \s 14 g – SYMBOL 103 \f “Symbol” \s 14 g 0, ui
aeey eiiieaeno [CoCl4]2- aei??aith? – 1.7?.
I?iaaaeai? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeicaieeee aeyaeoe oaeiae oaeoe a?aei?ie
nooiaith niioai?aiiy ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno ??cieo ?ii?a a?oie cae?ca
a iaei?e e o?e aea e?enoae?/i?e iao?eoe?. Oae aeey eiiieaeno [MnCl4]2- a
e?enoae? Cs3ZnCl5 eoo niioai?aiiy SYMBOL 103 \f “Symbol” \s 14 g –
SYMBOL 103 \f “Symbol” \s 14 g 0 = + 2.2?. Niioai?aiiy eiiieaeno
a?ae??ciy?oueny a?ae oaeiai aeey eiiieaeno [CoCl4]2- ia e?euee?nii, aea
ye?nii.
Ua a?eueo iai/ii oeae oaeo niinoa??aa?oueny ia na??? aeii?oeiaeo ?ii?a o
ooi?inee?eao? oeeiea.
?ii V2+ Mn2+ Co2+ Ni2+ Ni2+ (NiSiF6 SYMBOL 183 \f “Courier New” \s
12 · 6H2O)
Eoo niioai?aiiy SYMBOL 98 \f “Symbol” \s 13 b – SYMBOL 98 \f
“Symbol” \s 13 b 0 – 0.7 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° – 1.9 SYMBOL
176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° – 3 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° + 0.13
SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ° + 0.3 SYMBOL 176 \f “Symbol” \s 14 °
Iaea?aeaiee ?acoeueoao aeaco? ia aeoeaio ?ieue aeii?oeiaiai
ia?aiaai?oiiai ?iio ia i?ioean oi?ioaaiiy aaee/eie oa ciaeo ia?aiao?o
aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy D aae aei ci?ie ciaeo aeneaeueii?
eiiiiiaioe e?enoae?/iiai iiey (i??ith yeiai ? ia?aiao? D) oa ci?ie
oi/eiai? a?oie neiao??? (?ii Cu2+ ni ieae/a o ?icae?e? 4).
Iaaaaeaiee aeua ni?eueiee aiae?c aenia?eiaio?a ii iaeiiinueiaiio oa
anaa?/iiio noeneaiiyi c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, aea? a??ia oyaeaiiy
i?i niioai?aiiy. Oaeee i?aeo?ae aeicaiey? iaea?aeaoe ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i
iiaoaeiao ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a o oeo aeiaaeeao, eiee ia ?nio? aeaieo
no?oeoo?iiai aiae?co (?icn?thaaiiy ?aioaai?anueeeo i?iiai?a, oaieiaeo
iaeo?ii?a ? o.ae.). E??i oiai, ye ne?aeo? c iaaaaeaiiai aeua iaoa??aeo,
ai? ?aco ia aoei io?eiaii yeiai-iaaoaeue iao?ce/iiai cia/aiiy eooa, aai
iaeiia??ii aaeeeiai eiai cia/aiiy.
O i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiiyo anoaiiaeaia ia iao iiaeyae aaaeeeaa ye?nia
caeiiii??i?noue, ui iiaea aooe a?eueo aaaeeeaa, i?ae ni?iae e?euee?niiai
aecia/aiiy aaee/eie eooa niioai?aiiy.
Aiae?c aaeeeiai /enea e?oa?aoo?ieo aeaieo ni?eueii c i?ea?iaeueieie
?acoeueoaoaie oe??? ?iaioe aeey ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a, ui
aeine?aeaeoaaeeny i?e iaeiiinueiaiio noeneaii?, aeicaiey? c?iaeoe
ianooii? ocaaaeueiaiiy:
) caa??aathoue ciae aeey aeinoaoiuei aaeeeiai eeano ?iiieo e?enoae?a,
?c iaeiaeiaei iaeaeeae/ei ioi/aiiyi aeii?oeiaiai ?iio c 3dn
eiio?ao?aoe??th oa aeneaeueiei niioai?aiiyi iaeiaeiai? neiao???.
Ciae niioai?aiiy iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy ia?aiaai?oiiai 3dn ?iio, ui
oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ciaeii eooa, iai?eeeaae ( SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14
d – SYMBOL 100 \f “Symbol” \s 14 d 0), iaeiicia/ii iia’ycaiee c?
ciaeii ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy D ni?iiaiai
aai?eueoii?aio.
Aeyaeaiee caeiiii??iee ca’ycie, anoaiiaeaiee aeey ?ii?a o 3d3, 3d5, 3d8
eiio?ao?aoe?yo a ieoaaae?e/ieo eiiieaenao ?c o?eaiiaeueiei oa
oao?aaiiaeueiei niioai?aiiyi, oa aeey ?ii?a o 3d5 eiio?ao?aoe?? a
oao?aaae?e/ieo eiiieaenao ?c o?eaiiaeueiei oa oao?aaiiaeueiei
niioai?aiiyi. O aeiaaeeo oao?aaae?e/ieo eiiieaen?a aeyaeai? aeiaaeee
ii?ooaiiy anoaiiaeaii? caeiiii??iino? aeey eiaaeaioieo
iai?ai?ia?aeieeiaeo niieoe.
?, ia?aoo?, ne?ae caaaeaoe i?i aeiaeaoeiao iiaeeea?noue, yeo
a?aee?eaathoue aeeeaaeai? aeua ?acoeueoaoe. Anoaiiaeaiiy caeiiii??iiai
ca’yceo ciaeo niioai?aiiy aaaaoia?aiieea iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy c? ciaeii
ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy oa oie oaeo, ui iio?aeia
i?e?iuaiiy aaee/eie oeueiai ia?aiao?o ii aaee/ei? iaeiiinueiaiai
noeneaiiy c?acea, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, aeiaea?aeo? na?e ciae i?e
ia?aoiae? a?ae iaei??? e?enoae?/ii? iao?eoe? aei ?ioi? aeicaieythoue
aecia/aoe ciae ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy i?e
e?iiaoieo oaiia?aoo?ao. Oey ei?enia ?ioi?iaoe?y ia iiaea aooe io?eiaia
i?e oaiia?aoo?ao aeua SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 » 10E o?aaeeoe?eiei
niiniaii – c ni?aa?aeiioaiiy ?ioaineaiinoae ??cieo ia?aoiae?a niaeo?o
AI? ?c-ca iaei? a?aei?ie ianaeaiino? ??ai?a ni?iiaiai ioeueoeieaoo.
Cae/aeii aeey aecia/aiiy ciaeo ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai
?icuaieaiey i?iaiaeyoue aeiaeaoeiaee aeine?ae i?e oaiia?aoo?? eei?iiy
??aeeiai aae?th. Iaeiae yeui e?enoae?/ia iao?eoey, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny,
cacia? no?oeoo?iiai oaciaiai ia?aoiaeo i?e a?aeiinii aenieeo
oaiia?aoo?ao oa oaiia?aoo?ia caeaaei?noue ia?aiao??a ni?iiaiai
aai?eueoii?aio ia ? iiiioiiiith, oi io?eiaoe ?ioi?iaoe?th i?i ciae
ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiiy o?aaeeoe?eiei caniaii
iaiiaeeeai. Aeeeaaeaiee aeua i?aeo?ae aeicaiey? c i?iaaaeaieo
aeiaeaoeiaeo aeine?ae?a ii iaeiiinueiaiio noeneaiith c?acea, ui
aeine?aeaeo?oueny, i?e a?aooaaii? anoaiiaeaieo caeiiii??iinoae aecia/eoe
ye ciae niioai?aiiy aaaaoia?aiieea iaeaeeae/iai ioi/aiiy oae ? ciae
ia?aiao?o aeneaeueiiai ii/aoeiaiai ?icuaieaiey.
O /aoaa?oiio ?icae?e? aeeeaaeai? ?acoeueoaoe eiiieaeniiai aeine?aeaeaiiy
iiaeaeueieo yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoai – aeii?oeiaeo ?ii?a aeaiaaeaioii?
i?ae? o eaioai-iaai??aiio i?o?ao? La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 * 24H2O, ooi?inee?eao? oeeieo ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14
* 6H2O, a oaeiae a ?cino?oeoo?iiio inoaiiueiio ooi?oee?eiiao? oeeieo
ZnZrF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O. Aeine?aee i?iaaaeai? c
aeei?enoaiiyi ?aae?iniaeo?iiao??a AI? ei?ioeioaeeueiai? /anoeie
i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio aeiaaeei oaeeue a oiiaao iaeiiinueiaiai oa
anaa?/iiai noeneaiiy c?aceo, ui aeine?aeaeo?oueny, oa ci?ie eiai
oaiia?aoo?e.
Iniiaiee noai ?iio Cu2+ (aeaeo?iiia eiio?ao?aoe?y 3d9) a ieoaaae?e/iiio
e?enoae?/iiio iie? ?icuaieth?oueny ia ieaei?e i?a?oaeueiee aeoaeao 2A oa
caoaeaeaiee o?eieao 2O2. Ine?eueee iniiaiee noai eiiieaeno i?a?oaeueii
ae?iaeaeaii, oi ca oai?aiith ssia-Oaeea?a eiai aaiiao??y aoaea iano?eea
ii a?aeiioaiith aei niioai?aiiue, ui oa?aeoa?ecothoueny ii?iaeueieie
eii?aeeiaoaie Q2 oa Q3. O ?acoeueoao? i?e iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao
niinoa??aathoueny iaai?oi? oeaio?e oao?aaiiaeueii? neiao???. I?e/iio, o
neeo aea?aaeaioiino? o?ueio inae /aoaa?oiai ii?yaeeo ieoaaae?a,
?aae?co?oueny o?e oeie oeaio??a c iaeiaeiaeie iaai?oieie aeanoeainoyie,
ui a?ae??ciythoueny iai?yieii aieiaieo iaai?oieo inae.
Iayai?noue o e?enoae?/iiio iie? ia?aiaai?oiiai eiiieaeno o?eaiiaeueii?
eiiiiiaioe ia ci?ia? ii/aoeiaiai ae?iaeaeaiiy oa ia ci?ith? i?eioeeiiaei
/eiii caaaeueii? ea?oeie yaeua. O ?acoeueoao? ni?eueii? ae??
o?eaiiaeueii? eiiiiiaioe e?enoae?/iiai iiey iao?eoe? oa aoaeoo
ssia-Oaeea?a, neiao??y ia?aiaai?oiiai oeaio?o i/?eo?oueny ia aeua
?iia?/ii?.
Aeei?enoaiiy ?aae?iniaeo?ineii?/ii? oaoi?ee ei?ioeioaeeuei-ai? /anoeie
i?e?iao?iaiai ae?aiaciio aeiaaeei oaeeue, o neeo i?aeaeuaiiy
?icae?eueii? ni?iiiaeiino? ii g-oaeoi?o a 7 – 14 ?ac?a i?ecaaei aei
a?aee?eooy aeiaeaoeiaeo iniaeeainoae niaeo??a AI?. Oae aaea ia /anoio?
SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 » 74AAoe i?e iecueeeo oaiia?aoo?ao
aeine?aee aeyaeythoue, ui niaeo? AI? nenoai Cu2+:ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O oa Cu2+:ZnZrF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O
iieacothoue aeanoeaino?, i?eoaiaii? niaeo?ai ?ii?a ?c aeaeo?iiiei ni?iii
S = 1/2 oa o?ueio aaiiao?e/ii iaaea?aaeaioieo oeaio??a o e?enoae?/iiio
iie? ia aeua ?iia?/ii? neiao???.
ssi-oaeea??anueea nenoaia Cu2+:La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s
14 * 24H2O iaaiaee ia aeyaeea aeiaeieo a?aeciae o neiao??? niaeo?o AI?.
Aeyaeaia cieaeaiiy neiao??? ia aaea?oueny iiynieoe ni?eueiith ae??th
o?eaiiaeueiiai e?enoae?/iiai iiey iao?e/iiai e?enoaeo oa oao?aaiiaeueii?
eiiiiiaioe, ciaia’ycaii? aoaeoo ssia-Oaeea?a.
C ?ioiai aieo, ye iieacaii o ?yae? oai?aoe/ieo ?ia?o, a?aooaaiiy
eieeaaiue yaea?iiai inoiaa e?aaiae?a o ieieeoe? i?i?ioi?a aae?aaaoe/iiai
iioaioe?aeo iaa?oue aac a?aooaaiiy o?eaiiaeueii? eiiiiiaioe
e?enoae?/iiai iiey i?iaiaeeoue aei niaeo?o AI?, ui iieno?oueny o?ueiia
??cieie g-oaeoi?aie.
Niinoa?aaeoaaia a aenia?eiaio? /enaeueia a?aei?ii?noue gx – gy
aeicaiey? ia/eneeoe aenioo aa?’??o V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j
i?ae aaniethoieie i?i?ioiaie aae?aaaoe/iiai iioaioe?aeo c
ni?aa?aeiioaiiy.
(6)
A ?iaio? aeine?aeaeaiee aieea iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy e?enoaeo ia
niaeo? AI? yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoai. Aeey ?ioa?i?aoaoe?? ?acoeueoao?a
aeei?enoaia oai??y Oaia. i?i aca?iiae?th aeoaeaoa 2A c aeaoi?iaoe??th
e?enoaeo.
Ca?aeii oe?e oai??? iniiaiee noai yi-oaeea??anueei? nenoaie o
a?aenooiino? ciai?oiuei? aeaoi?iaoe?? o?ee?aoii ae?iaeaeaii. I?ae
iaaaioaaeaiiyi o?ee?aoia ae?iaeaeaiiy /anoeiai ci?ia?oueny. Aeey
a?aeiinieo ?ioaineaiinoae iiaeeiaiiy i?e AI? io?eio?ii
(7)
Aea SYMBOL 97 \f “Symbol” \s 14 a a?aoiao? i?oaei? aeanoeaino?
e?enoaeo, VES – aeaoi?iaoe?eiee eiao?oe?aio, iia’ycaiee
ni?aa?aeiioaiiyi:
(8)
C iino?eiith yi-oaeea??anueeith aca?iiae?th V, e?i?eiith ii eii?aeeiaoao
niioai?aiiy eiiieaeno; R – a?aenoaiue a?ae ?iia Cu2+ aei e?aaiaea; P –
oene.
Aieea iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea ia niaeo? AI? nenoaie
Cu2+:La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O aeine?aeaeoaaany
i?e iai?yieo oeneo ia?aeaeueii aieiai?e iaai?oi?e in? iaeiiai c o?ueio
aaiiao?e/ii iaaea?aaeaioieo iaai?oieo oeaio??a (iai?eeeaae, g SYMBOL 103
\f “Symbol” \s 14 g ). Iai?yiie ciai?oiueiai iaai?oiiai iiey ni?aiaaeaa
c innth noeneaiiy (P SYMBOL 166 \f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ H0 SYMBOL 166
\f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ z).
sse aeaeii c ?en. 4 ?ioaineai?noue e?i?e iiaeeiaiiy c g SYMBOL 166 \f
“Courier New” \s 14 ¦ iae?i?eiei /eiii ciaioo?oueny, aneiioioe/ii
i?aaio/e aei ioey. ?ioaineai?noue iiaeeiaiiy e?i?e c g SYMBOL 94 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ^ iaaiaee c?inoa?, i?aaio/e aei aaee/eie a?aeiinii?
?ioaa?aeueii? ?ioaineaiino? 1.5. Iaea?aeaiee ?acoeueoao aeicaiey?
ia/eneeoe aaee/eio aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai eiao?oe?aioa VES= – 3000ni-1.
Iayai?noue o ae?ac? (7) caeaaeiino? a?aeiinii? ?ioaineaiino? iiaeeiaiiy
i?e AI? a?ae oaiia?aoo?e aeicaiey? i?iaanoe iacaeaaeio ia?aa??eo
aaeaeaaoiino? iieno oe??th oi?ioeith ?ioaineaiino? niaeo?o AI?. Oaeei
/eiii, ia?aa??y?oueny a??i?noue
?en.4. Caeaaei?noue a?aeiinieo ?ioaineaiinoae ?aciiainieo e?i?e
iiaeeiaiiy i?e AI? nenoaie Cu2+:La2Mg(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s
14 * 24H2O a?ae aaee/eie iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea. SYMBOL 110 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 n SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 » 74aaoe. T = 4.2K.
SYMBOL 127 \f “Courier New” \s 14 – I SYMBOL 94 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ^
(P)/I SYMBOL 94 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ^ (0); SYMBOL 111 \f “Courier New” \s
14 o – I SYMBOL 166 \f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ (P)/I SYMBOL 166 \f
“Courier New” \s 14 ¦ (0).
?en.5. Oaiia?aoo?ia caeaaei?noue a?aeiinii? ?ioaa?aeueii? ?ioaineaiino?
eiiiiiaio niaeo?o AI? yi-oaeea??anueei? nenoaie Cu2+:La2Mg3(NO3)12
SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O i?e iaeiiinueiaiio noeneaii?
c?acea. H0 SYMBOL 166 \f “Courier New” \s 14 ¦ z. SYMBOL 110 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 n SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 » 74aaoe.
i??eoaaiiue i?i iayai?noue o?ueio ae?iaeaeaieo ??ai?a; i?i ciyooy
ae?iaeaeaiiy inueiaei noeneaiiyi oa i?eeiyo?noue ?iciiae?eo Aieueoeiaia
aeey ianaeaiinoae ia?aiaai?oieo oeaio??a ?c ??cieie iai?yieaie
aeaoi?iaoe??.
Aenia?eiaio i?iaaaeaiiee ia aea/ai?e yi-oaeea??anuee?e nenoai?
Cu2+:La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O. Ia ?en. 5
iaaaaeai? aenia?eiaioaeuei? e?aiee oa ?ic?aoiaaia ii oi?ioe? (7)
caeaaei?noue i?e P=50 eA/ni2 oa VES= – 3 000ni-1.
Aeia?a caiaea i?ae aenia?eiaioii oa ?ic?aooieii, ui niinoa??aa?oueny,
na?ae/eoue i?i oe?eeii ei?aeoia canoinoaaiiy oai??? Oaia aei
yi-oaeea??anueeeo nenoai i?e iaeiiinueiaiio noeneaii? oa iaae?eiino?
iaea?aeoaaieo cia/aiue aeaoi?iaoe?eieo eiao?oe?aio?a.
Aeine?aeaeaiee oaeiae aieea iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea ia niaeo?
AI? nenoai Cu2+:ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O oa
Cu2+:ZnZrF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O i?e iai?yieo oeneo
ia?aeaeueii aieiai?e iaai?oi?e in? iaeiiai c o?ueio aaiiao?e/ii
iaaea?aaeaioieo iaai?oieo oeaio??a. sse aeaeii c ?en. 6 ?ioaineai?noue
e?i?e iiaeeiaiiy c gz iae?i?eiei /eiii ciaioo?oueny, aneiioioe/ii
i?aaio/e aei ioey. ?ioaineai?noue e?i?e iiaeeiaiiy c g SYMBOL 94 \f
“Symbol” \s 14 ^ ia a?aei?io a?ae iienaiiai aeua aeiaaeeo aaaea naaa ii
?ioiio. E?i?? c gy c?inoathoue a?eueo i?ae o 4 ?ace, a e?i?? iiaeeiaiiy
c gx ciaioothoueny o 2 ?ace i?e aaee/ei? oeneo 400eA/ni2.
Io?eiaiee aenia?eiaioaeueiee ?acoeueoao aeicaiey? ia/eneeoe aaee/eio
aeaoi?iaoe?eiiai eiao?oe??ioo, ui iaaaaeaia o Oaaeeoe? 2.
?aaeueiee yi-oaeea??anueeee eiiieaen ?c eiie?aoieie cia/aiiyie iane
e?aaiaea M oa a?aenoai? aei e?aaiaea R oa?aeoa?eco?oueny ianooiieie
iniiaieie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie:
EJT – aia?a?y ssia-Oaeea?a;
V – iino?eia e?i?eii? a?a?iiii? aca?iiae??;
VES – aeaoi?iaoe?eiee eiao?oe?aio;
SYMBOL 119 \f “Symbol” \s 14 w – /anoioa aa?iii?eieo eieeaaiue E –
oeio;
V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j – aenioa aa?’??o i?ae aaniethoieie
i?i?ioiaie aae?aaaoe/iiai iioaioe?aeo.
O Oaaeeoe? 2 caaaeai? ooiaeaiaioaeuei? oa?aeoa?enoeee aeey an?o aea/aieo
nenoai, ?ic?aoiaai? c aeei?enoaiiyi aeeeth/ii aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo.
Aiae?c ai?noo oaaeeoe? iieaco? ia
?en.6. Caeaaei?noue a?aeiinieo ?ioaa?aeueieo ?ioaineaiinoae eiiiiiaio
niaeo?o AI? nenoaie Cu2+:ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O a?ae
aaee/eie iaeiiinueiaiai noeneaiiy c?acea. SYMBOL 110 \f “Symbol” \s 14
n SYMBOL 187 \f “Symbol” \s 14 » 74aaoe. T = 4.2K
1 – Iz (P)/Iz(0); 2 – Ix (P)/Ix(0); 4 – Iy (P)/Iy(0),
3 – aeey noie aeaio oeaio??a ?c H0 SYMBOL 94 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ^ z
Oaaeeoea 2 – Ia?aiao?e yi-oaeea??anueeeo oeaio??a ?ii?a Cu2+ a
o?eaiiaeueieo e?enoaeao, ?ic?aoiaai? ia i?aenoaa? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeaieo.
Iao?eoey VES,
ni-1 V,
10-5a?a/ni EJT,
ni-1 V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j ,
ni-1
La2Mg3(NO3)12 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 24H2O – 3000 -2.5 1560 >
500
ZnZrF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O – 2420 -2.09 1140 96
ZnSiF6 SYMBOL 215 \f “Symbol” \s 14 * 6H2O – 2180 -1.88 925 110
aeecuee? aaee/eie iino?eieo e?i?eiiai a?a?iiiiai ca’yceo aeey o?ueio
nenoai. Aeecuee? e aaee/eie aeaoi?iaoe?eieo eiao?oe?aio?a, ui
a?ae??ciythoueny ia ii?yaeie a?ae oeo ui caaaa/othoueny a oai?aoe/ieo
ioe?ieao. Aia?a?? ssia-Oaeea?a ne?ae ii??aiyoe c /eneaiieie oai?aoe/ieie
ioe?ieaie, ui aeathoue ?aceeae a?ae 3000ni-1 aei 400ni-1. Iaea?aeai? a
oe?e ?iaio?, cia/aiiy ia noia?a/aoue ioe?ieai, oa ?o ne?ae aaaaeaoe
a?eueo iaae?eieie, ine?eueee aiie iaea?aeai? c aeei?enoaiiyi eeoa
?acoeueoao?a aenia?eiaioo.
Aea/ai? oeaio?e iathoue ??ci? aaee/eie aa?’??o V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol”
\s 14 j . ?o iiaeia ii??aiyoe c ioe?ieaie oai?aoe/ieo ?ia?o, ui aeathoue
?aceeae 240 SYMBOL 184 \f “Symbol” \s 14 ? 1620ni-1. Ioe?iea aaee/eie
V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j aeey eaioai-iaai??aiai i?o?aoo
c?iaeaia ii iiaeeeaiio, ia iaaeyaey?i?e a aenia?eiaio? a?aei?i? gy a?ae
gx. A?aeiinii aaeeea aaee/eia V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j aeey
eaioai-iaai??aiai i?o?aoo i?ecaiaeeoue aei a?eueoi? eieae?caoe?? noai?a
yi-oaeea??anueeeo eiiieaen?a a aaniethoieo i?i?ioiao aae?aaaoe/iiai
iioaioe?aeo ?, ye iane?aeie, iaea?eueo iiaiiio ca?ao ?acoeueoao?a
aenia?eiaioo c aeniiaeaie oai??? aeey aeiaaeeo neeueiiai ca’yceo.
Iaaiaee, i?e iaiueoeo aaee/eiao aa?’??o (ye ne?aeo? c i?iaaaeaieo
aeine?aeaeaiue i?e V SYMBOL 106 \f “Symbol” \s 14 j
I?aeienaii aei ae?oeo 28.07.1999
Oi?iao 6084/16
Oe?aae 100 i?ei. Caiiaeaiiy ? 3
?ecia?ao AeiiOO? IAI Oe?a?ie
340114, Oe?a?ia, i. Aeiiaoeuee, aoe. ?.Ethenaiao?a, 72
Walsh W. M. Stress and temperature dependence of the paramagnetic
resonance spectrum of nickel fluosilicate//Phys. Rev. - 1959. - V. 114.,
N. 6. - P. 1473 - 1485
Lee K. P., Walsh D. Theory of Tunneling Assisted Electron Spin-Lattice
Relaxation//Canad. J. Phys. - 1971. - V. 49., N. 12. - P. 1620 - 1629
Ham F. S. Effect of Linear Jahn-Teller Coupling in Paramagnetic
Resonance in a 2E-State//Phys. Rev. - 1968. - 166., N. 2. - P. 307 - 321
Iai?eeeaae, Aa?noea? E. A. No?iaiea e naienoaa eii?aeeiaoeeiiiuo
niaaeeiaiee. - E.:Oeiey, 1971.- 312n.; Aa?noea? E.A., Iieeiaa? A.C.
Aea?iiiua acaeiiaeaenoaey a iieaeoeao e e?enoaeeao. - I.: Iaoea. 1983.-
N.336.
Simmons C. J., Hitchman M. A., Stratemeier H., Schultz A. J.
High-Pressure, Low-Temperature, Single-Crystal Neutron Diffraction Study
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